Vol3_Anni

Volume: XIV Part I Section: 2 Chapter: 1 Page No :

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Section 2: Data, Analysis & Costing for Community Development Blocks Chapter 1: Community Development Block Ani 1. Data

TABLE NO:10 AREA HORTICULTURE CROPS Almond Apple Apricot,Chuli Mango

16 338.5 2 1.5

VARIETIES (LOCAL/IMPROVED) LOCAL% IMPROVED% 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0

IRRIGATED/UNIRRIGATE IRRIGATED% UNIRRIGATED% 33.33 66.67 0 100 0 100 100 0

MEAN FYM

MEAN YIELD

26.67 52.95 1 8

2.31 5.77 2 8

MEAN SALE 1687.5 7516.74 0 1333.33

CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS YES% NO% 66.67 33.33 84.85 15.15 0 100 100 0

PESTICIDES %YES NO% 66.67 33.33 90.91 9.09 50 50 100 0

SOURCE OF PLANT MATERIAL LOCAL% GOVT% 100 0 90.91 3.03 100 0 0 100

AVAILABILITY OF TECHNICAL GUIDANCE YES% NO% 100 0 39.39 60.61 50 50 0 100

TABLE NO:11 AGRICULTURE CROPS Barley Koda Maize Paddy Potato Rajmash Wheat

AREA 35.4 1 59.6 21.5 41.5 31.5 67.4

VARIETIES (LOCAL/IMPROVED) LOCAL% IMPROVED% 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0

IRRIGATED/UNIRRIGATE IRRIGATED% UNIRRIGATED% 0 100 0 100 3.85 96.15 66.67 33.33 8 92 0 100 7.14 92.86

MEAN FYM

Comprehensive CAT Plan of Satluj River Basin

7.53 3 9.6 9.17 7.28 9.93 9.68

MEAN YIELD 0.64 1.3 0.96 3.32 2.13 1.81 1

CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS YES% NO% 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100

AVAILABILITY OF TECHNICAL GUIDANCE YES% NO% 47.37 52.63 0 100 46.15 53.85 66.67 33.33 44 56 80 20 53.57 46.43

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TABLE NO:12 VEGETABLE CROPS Cabbage Capsicum Chilli Garlic Lady Finger Peas

AREA 26.3 0.5 0.5 17 1 17

VARIETIES (LOCAL/IMPROVED) LOCAL% IMPROVED% 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0

IRRIGATED/UNIRRIGATE IRRIGATED% UNIRRIGATED% 0 100 100 0 100 0 0 100 100 0 0 100

MEAN FYM

MEAN YIELD

11.08 1.5 1.5 47.5 3 12.25

CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS YES% NO% 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100

1.18 2 0 2.24 1 0.88

AVAILABILITY OF TECHNICAL GUIDANCE YES% NO% 92.31 7.69 0 100 0 100 100 0 0 100 100 0

TABLE NO:13 LIVES STOCK

NO OF LIVE S

HEALTH CARE YES NO% %

NATURAL/AI SERVICE NATUR BOTH AI% NO% AL % %

Bullock s Cows F-Calf Goat

12 71 3 20

62.5 14.29 100 0

37.5 85.71 0 100

12.5 40.48 100 0

0 42.86 0 0

0 14.29 0 0

Heifers Sheep

5 91

0 75

100 25

0 75

66.67 0

0 0

87.5 2.38 0 100 33.3 3 25

LOCAL %

BREED IMPROVED %

STALL FEEDING/GRAZING OR BOTH STALL GRAZING BOTH % % %

MEAN CONCENT RATE FED

MEAN LACTATI ON

AVAILABILITY OF TECHNICAL GUIDANCE

MEAN YIELD

YES%

NO%

0 0 0 0

100 100 100 100

0 76.19 0 0

87.5 7.14 0 100

0 16.67 0 0

0.44 2.05 2 0

0 246.81 330 0

0 2712.1 1650 0

0 45.24 0 0

100 54.76 100 100

0 0

100 100

66.67 0

33.33 100

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

66.67 0

33.33 100

Comprehensive CAT Plan of Satluj River Basin

Volume: XIV Part I Section: 2 Chapter: 1 Page No :

TABLE NO : 14 NO OF HOUSE HOLDS STUDIES CAST CATEGORY(HINDU)

ELECTRICITY CONNECTION MOTORABLE ROAD TO VILLAGE DISPENSARY/MEDICAL FACILITY IN VILLAGE TAP WATER TOILET NO OF FAMILY MEMBER

EDUCATION(MALE)

EDUCATION(FEMALE)

ANNUAL INCOME

HINDU% GENERAL% OBC % SC% YES% NO% YES% NO% YES% NO% MEDICAL FACILITY DISTANCE (KM) YES% NO% YES% NO% TOTAL MALE TOTAL FEMALE DEGREE TWO % MATRIC% MIDDLE% PRIMARY% ILLITRATE% DEGREE% TWO% MATRIC% MIDDLE% PRIMARY% ILLITRATE% SERVICE% AGRI/HOTI% LABOUR% MISC% TOTAL ANNUAL INCOME

Comprehensive CAT Plan of Satluj River Basin

43 2.33 62.79 2.33 32.55 97.67 2.33 69.77 30.23 55.81 44.19 11.493 95.35 4.65 81.4 18.6 139 121 15.83 15.11 23.74 15.83 22.3 7.19 5.41 9.91 17.12 28.82 18.02 20.72 3011990 4692600 873200 216000 204506.7

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Volume: XIV Part I Section: 2 Chapter: 1 Page No :

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TABLE NO:14(A) MARKETING PATTERN OF PRODUCE

SOCIAL PARTICIPATION MAHILA MANDAL% 44.19

SHG%

YOUTH CLUB %

2.33

6.98

COOP % 2.33

MAHILA MANDAL/YOUTH CLUB % 2.33

NO% 41.86

PRIVATE%

GOVT %

90.7

2.33

SOURCE OF BORROWINGS

NO%

BANK%

6.98

74.42

COOP%

FRIENDS%

6.98

2.33

RELATIVE%

FRIENDS/RELATIVES %

6.98

9.3

INCOME GENERATING ACTIVITIES EXISTING

Chakki

INTERESTED

Beekeeping,Sewing,Embroidery,Poultry,Mushroom,Jwellery making,Handicraft,Fishery,Carpentery

FUEL/FODDER MANAGEMENT FUEL/FODDER FUEL FODDER

REQUIREMENT % YES 88.37 86.05

FUEL SOURCE

Forest Gas LPG LPG,Forest Private Land Self Land

AVAILABILITY %

NO 11.63 13.95

SOURCE TO COVER GAP %

37.91 47.91 FODDER SOURCE

25.58 2.33 4.65 62.79 2.33 2.33

GAP %

SOURCE TO COVER GAP %

Forest No Private Land Purchase

74.42 18.6 2.33 2.33

Self land

2.33

MINOR FOREST PRODUCE EXISTINGNAME

ANNUALINCOME

No No

0 0

Comprehensive CAT Plan of Satluj River Basin

50.47 38.14

SUGGESTIONS Licence required for collection & selling of MFP No

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2. Analysis District Kulu Community Development Block Ani The socio-economic conditions of Ani block are summarized in the following tables.

Table: 1

Ethnic Group & Religion, Study Area, 2009-10.

(Per cent)

Religion Hindu

100.00

Category General 62.79 OBC 4.65 SC 32.56 It can be observed from the Table-1 reveals that in study area the percentage of Hindu was 100.00. As far as caste category was concerned general category constituted the largest proportion accounting for 62.79 per cent. Next in importance was scheduled caste category (32.56 percent). The OBC constituted 4.65 percent of the total sampled households.

Table: 2

Infrastructure Facilities, Study Area, 2009-10.

Village Level Motorable road to village Health facility in a village Average distance to be covered to get medical facility Electricity connection Tap water connection Toilet facility

Family level

Yes 69.77 55.81 2.76 K.M.* 97.67 95.35 81.40

(Per cent) NO 30.23 44.19

2.33 4.65 18.60

*Kilometre Table-2 exhibits that 69.77 per cent of villages were connected with motorable roads. As far as health facilities in villages are concerned only 55.81 percent villages were having medical facilities. On an average people had to cover 2.76 K.M. to get medical help.

Table further indicates that 4.65 per cent households were not having water connection and 18.60 per cent were going in open for defecation. As far as electricity connection is concerned 2.33 per cent households were not having electric connection in their houses.

Table: 3

Distribution of selected families according to gender, Study Area, 2009-10.

(Number)

Gender Male 139 Female 121 Total 260 Average size of family 6.04 Sex ratio* 870 *Number of females per thousand males The information on average size of family and gender-wise classification of sampled households has been presented in Table – 3. It can be observed form the table that on overall level, the average family consisted of 6.04 members. In the study area sex ratio was 870.

Table: 4

Educational Level, Study Area,2009-10

Educational Level Illiterate Primary Middle

Male 7.19 22.30 15.83 Comprehensive CAT Plan of Satluj River Basin

(Per cent) Female 21.74 26.53 24.45

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Matriculate 23.74 13.23 Sr. Secondary 22.00 9.09 Degree 8.94 4.96 Table-4 represents the educational level of sampled population of the study area. As regards the literacy of the family members, it was found to be higher among males as compared to females. The proportion of illiteracy in females was more. The majority of the females (26.53 per cent) had their education up to primary level. The proportion of the female population having studied up to middle, matriculation and sr. secondary standards was 24.45, 13.23 and 9.09 per cent, respectively. It can be seen from the table that only 4.96 per cent of the female population were having degree. Among the male, 23.74 per cent were having education up to matriculation. There were only 8.94 per cent degree holders among the male sampled population.

Table: 5

Distribution of Family Income, Study Area, 2009-10

Sr. No 1.

Particulars Service

2.

Horticulture/Agriculture

3.

Labour

4.

Miscellaneous Total

(Average) Annual family Income (Rs.) 70046 (34.25) 109130 (53.36) 20306 (9.93) 5023 (2.46) 204505 (100.00)

Note: Figures in parentheses represent percentages.

In order to get an insight unto the annual family income as a whole an analysis was carried out on the basis of family as a unit. The major constituents of family income in the study area were service, horticulture/agriculture and labour. A perusal of Table-5 reveals that on an average, the total annual family income, per household, was worked out to be Rs. 1, 64,149. The major source of annual family income was agriculture/horticulture. It contributed about 53.36 per cent towards total family income.

Next in importance was service, as it contributed about 34.25 per cent. Labour was the next important source of family income. Its contribution was 9.93 per cent.

Table: 6 Social Participation, Study Area, 2009-10 (Per cent) Participation (58.16) Co-operatives 4.66 Youth Club 6.98 Mahila Mandal 44.19 Self Help Groups 2.33 No Participation (41.84) Table – 6 shows the average social participation of households in study area. Overall only 58.16 percent were participating in Co-operatives, Youth Club, Mahila Mandals and Self Help Groups with 4.66, 6.98, 44.19 & 2.33 percentages, respectively.

Table: 7

Marketing Pattern of Produce, Study Area, 2009-10 (Per cent) Private 90.70 Government 9.30 Cooperatives 0.00 Table – 7 reveals that majority of the respondents (90.70 per cent) were selling their produce to private parties followed by Government with the percentage of 9.30.

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Table: 8

9

Source of Borrowings, Study Area, 2009-10

(Per cent) Bank 74.41 Cooperative Society 6.98 Relatives 2.33 Friends 6.98 Any other 9.30 The source of borrowings by the sampled households is presented in Table – 8. The majority of the respondents (74.41 per cent) were taking loans from banks followed by cooperatives societies and friends. The table further reveals that 9.30 per cent of households were approaching money lenders to take loans.

Table: 9 Existing Bee Keeping, Khaddi

Income Generating Activities, Study Area, 2009-10 (Activities) Interested Sewing, Embroidery, Bee Keeping ,Poultry, Mushroom, Fishery

Table – 9 presents the existing and those income generating activities in which people were interested for future. Very rare income generating activities existed in the study area, but the people showed interest in Sewing, Embroidery, Bee Keeping, Poultry, Mushroom and Fishery.

Table: 10 Fuel/Fodder Management, Study Area, 2009-10 (Per cent) Sources to cover gap by household Fuel 100.00 72.00 28.00 Forests (42.00) LPG (30.00) Kerosene (28.00) Fodder 87.00 53.00 47.00 Forest (57.00 Market (43.00) Table – 10 shows the fuel and fodder management by the respondents in study area. It can be seen from the table that on average people were able to mange 72.00 percent fuel from their own farms and to cover the gap 42 per cent households were dependent on forests. As far as fodder is concerned, to cover the gap which was 47.00 percent, majority of the people (57.00 per cent) were dependent on forests.

Requirement

Availability

Gap

Suggestions • Rural infrastructure like village roads, drinking water, and sanitation needs to be developed and strengthened.

•

Health sub-centers may be provided with proper building and staff at Gram Panchayat level.

•

Family planning campaign needs to be started at Gram Panchayat level. Awards should be given to Panchayats with low decadal variation form the average of state.

•

The occurrence of school dropouts has been quite high as we move from primary to middle and similar pattern is clearly visible for higher education.

•

In order to raise the socio-economic status, increase employment opportunities and generate self confidence, the top priority is to be given for their education.

The education will help in providing their participation in economic activities and add to their productivity.

•

The overall literacy rate of women is low as compared to men folk. Keeping in view the active role played by women in home management special schemes Comprehensive CAT Plan of Satluj River Basin

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should be introduced to get her more educated.

•

Social participation should be encouraged. Special funds should be given to Mahila Mandals, Youth Clubs. People should be encouraged to make self help groups. During People Rural Appraisal it has come to notice that most of the people are not having knowledge about development activities. This can be taken care be enhancing their social participation.

•

Major source of income in study area is agriculture/horticulture. Every farmer that wants to expand or even maintain his or her business invariably needs cash. The need for cash implies a need for credit, and as most small scale farmers need relatively small amounts of credit. Microcredit is not always the solution farmers are looking for, and they benefit from it less than other sectors. Their need for credit may be relatively small, but it is larger than that of the average microentrepreneur. Farmers need access to credit over along period of time as they have to wait until harvest time or later, until they can pay back a loan. Unlike other micro-enterprises, agriculture cannot sustain above market interest rates as the financial returns are not high enough. Keeping this in view government should make efforts for microfinance instead of microcredit.

•

Majority of people in study area are marketing their produce to private parties but resentment was also there among the people that private parties are not purchasing their produce at proper rates. Government should do efforts in this respect.

•

The presence of banks remains quite low in study area. The banks already working in the study area has gained no confidence among local people. People prefer to borrow money from relatives, friends and money lenders. Bank people are required to establish rapport with villagers to win their confidence.

•

In order to make the people economically better off, there is need to introduce new income generating activities as suggested by them. Proper training should be imparted to them to start new activities. Existing income generating activities should be strengthened by making them more trained. Women folk should be trained to improve their economic status. Improved economic status will lead to increase in empowerment of women and also enable them to participate increasingly in decision making in the family and society, which at present is more or less the exclusive domain of the men folk.

•

There exists a gap in fodder requirement and which is mostly met with from forests. To meet put this gap new species of fodder trees and grasses and improved management practices (Agronomic practices and fertilization application) should be popularized.

•

To cover the gap in fuel majority of people re dependent on forests for fuel wood.

To release the pressure of forests alternative sources like solar energy, bio-gas should be encouraged. An investment in this direction can be cheaper and more eco-friendly source electrification.

•

Pressure cookers should be provided to them on subsidized rates.

•

Training should be imparted to women to save energy. Wood saving devices like improved chullas should be introduced.

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3. Costing DEVELOPMENT BLOCK ANI Basic Statistics • •

No of MWs in the CD Block falling in Satluj Catchment Range of general slope of land

• • •

Farmers' owned land area Irrigated area Fodder supply against demand* • Green fodder • Dry fodder Improvement Expenditure to be met from CAT Plan

•

• •

•

• • • •

•

•

•

Cost of 0.5% additional area(30 ha) to be brought under irrigation(@ Rs. 1.0 Lakh/ha) Cost of 1 % area (61 ha) to be brought under organic farming (@ Rs. 10,000/= per ha)(Only incentive portion)*** Rejuvenation of senile orchards {0.5 % of area (30 ha) @ Rs.15,000/= per ha} (Only incentive portion)*** Area expansion under Hort. Crops {0.5% of area (30 ha) @ Rs. 60,000/= per ha}( Only incentive portion)*** 0.5 % of area (30 ha) to be Bench Terraced (@ Rs.1,06,882/= per ha)**** One Community Water Storage Tank for 10 hectare command area in each Block*** One Farm Pond (125 CM) for each micro-watershed (12 Nos.) @ Rs. 2,96, 000/= per pond**** 0.5 % of farmers’ owned land (30 ha ) to be brought under grassland improvement (@ Rs. 1.0 Lakh/ha)***** Fodder cultivation****** i). Kharif fodder cultivation on 30 ha @ Rs.19120/= per ha ii). Rabi fodder cultivation on 30 ha @ Rs. 22800/= per ha One Natural Breeding Centre (NBC) in each micro-watershed (12 Nos.) @ Rs. 25,000/= per centre****** Cost of one Gosadan to accommodate 100 cattle heads 1. Recurring cost@ Rs.40/= per cattle per day 2. Recurreing cost of 4 attendants @ Rs. 120/=/per day/per attendant 3. Fixed cost for raising Gosadan structures Total

Source * ** *** **** ***** ******

Block Dev.Office/Distt. Statistical Office NERIL Survey Cost norms as per Hort.Tech. Mission, GOI/Deptt. of Hort. H.P. Deptt. of Agri. H.P norms Dept. of Ani. Husbandry, H.P. norms Mid Himalayan Project norms Comprehensive CAT Plan of Satluj River Basin

12 ** 30 to 85 %** 6071 ha** < 5 %** 16 % 56 % Rs. In Lakhs 30.0

6.0 4.50

18.00

32.06 17.25 35.52 30.00

5.74 6.84 3.00

14.60 1.73 5.00 210.34