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Chapter 14: Community Development Block Rampur 1. Data
TABLE NO:10
AREA HORTICULTUR E CROPS Almond Apple Apricot Pearls Pears Plum Walnut
39 913.2 20 0.5 16.5 20 1
VARIETIES (LOCAL/IMPROVED) IMPROVED LOCAL% % 100 0 47 53 100 0 100 0 87.5 12.5 40 60 100 0
IRRIGATED/UNIRRI GATE IRRIGA UNIRRIG TED% ATED% 6.25 93.75 2 98 5 95 0 100 0 100 60 40 0 100
MEAN FYM
4.78 25.08 0.98 2 0.75 3.5 0
MEAN YIELD
3.21 8.8 11.45 0 0 7.75 0
MEAN SALE
3190.56 10617.62 1857.87 0 0 8078.95 0
CHEMICAL FERTILIZER S YES NO % % 0 100 61 39 0 100 0 100 0 100 20 80 0 100
Comprehensive CAT Plan of Satluj River Basin
PESTICIDES YES%
NO%
100 97 15 100 100 60 100
0 3 85 0 0 40 0
SOURCE OF PLANT MATERIAL LOCAL GOVT. % % 93.75 0 76 10 70 0 76.47 0 100 0 60 20 0 0
NO% 6.25 4 30 23.53 0 20 100
AVAILABILIT Y OF TECHNICAL GUIDANCE YES NO % % 0 100 9 91 100 0 0 100 100 0 100 0 100 0
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TABLE NO:11 AGRICULTURE CROPS Barley Fodder Kadu Kolth Maize Ogli Potato Rajmash Rajmash/Urd Soyabin Tulsi Urd Wheat
AREA 50.5 16.5 1 14.5 99.5 5.25 65.95 138.2 4 1 21.75 31 130.5
VARIETIES (LOCAL/IMPROVED) LOCAL% IMPROVED% 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0
IRRIGATED/UNIRRIGATE IRRIGATED% UNIRRIGATED% 88.89 11.11 100 0 100 0 100 0 95.24 4.76 100 0 94.12 5.88 96.05 3.95 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 94.87 5.13
MEAN FYM
MEAN YIELD
3.93 0 3 7.2 3.64 0 3.96 3.61 2 2 2.71 2.02 4.4
3.07 0 0.2 1.79 1.91 9.71 2.12 1.41 0.38 0.7 1.21 2.86 1.87
CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS YES% 88.89 100 100 100 100 100 91.18 97.37 100 100 100 100 92.31
NO% 11.11 0 0 0 0 0 8.82 2.63 0 0 0 0 7.69
AVAILABILITY OF TECHNICAL GUIDANCE YES% NO% 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TABLE NO:12
VEGETABLE CROPS Brinjal Cabbage Capsicum Cauliflower Chilli Lady Finger Peas Tomato
AREA 2.6 14.35 3.2 2.8 2.65 1.7 6 5.6
VARIETIES (LOCAL/IMPROVED) LOCAL% IMPROVED% 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
IRRIGATED/UNIRRIGATE IRRIGATED% UNIRRIGATED% 85.71 14.29 43.75 56.25 100 0 40 60 100 0 66.67 33.33 0 100 85.71 14.29
Comprehensive CAT Plan of Satluj River Basin
MEAN FYM 0.79 2.34 1.33 1.7 0.75 0.83 3.5 1.29
MEAN YIELD 1.15 3.54 0.31 3.48 0 1.18 1.5 3.04
CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS YES% NO% 57.14 42.86 81.25 18.75 83.33 16.67 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0
AVAILABILITY OF TECHNICAL GUIDANCE YES% NO% 14.29 85.71 0 100 16.67 83.33 20 80 0 100 0 100 100 0 14.29 85.71
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TABLE NO:13
LIVES STOCKS
Bullocks Cows Donkeys/Mules Goat Heifers Horse/Ponnies Sheep
NO OF LIVES 55 148 3 205 12 3 287
HEALTH CARE YES%
NO%
21.88 22.64 0 37.5 53.85 0 29.41
78.12 77.36 100 62.5 46.15 100 70.59
NATURAL/AI SERVICE NATURA BOTH AI% NO% L% % 0 0 0 100 34.91 60.38 3.77 0.94 100 0 0 0 50 0 0 50 0 7.69 0 92.31 0 50 0 50 58.82 0 0 41.18
BREED LOCAL IMPROV % ED% 93.75 6.25 41.51 58.49 100 0 100 0 76.92 23.08 100 0 100 0
STALL FEEDING/GRAZING OR BOTH GRAZIN STALL% BOTH% G% 3.12 68.75 12.5 62.26 17.92 19.81 0 100 0 0 87.5 0 15.38 53.85 7.69 0 0 0 5.88 76.47 11.76
Comprehensive CAT Plan of Satluj River Basin
MEAN CONCENT RATE FED
MEAN LACTAT ION
0.44 2.63 9 0 0.31 3 0.69
0 385.76 0 0 0 0 0.35
MEAN YIELD 0 2256.6 0 2.29 0 0 2.2
AVAILABILITY OF TECHNICAL GUIDANCE YES%
NO%
100 72.64 100 62.5 76.92 100 70.59
0 27.36 0 37.5 23.08 0 29.41
Volume: XIV Part I Section: 2 Chapter: 14 Page No: TABLE NO : 14 NO OF HOUSE HOLDS STUDIES GENERAL% ST % CAST CATEGORY OBC % SC% YES% ELECTRICITY CONNECTION NO% YES% MOTORABLE ROAD TO VILLAGE NO% YES% DISPENSARY/MEDICAL FACILITY IN VILLAGE NO% MEDICAL FACILITY DISTANCE (KM) YES% TAP WATER NO% YES% TOILET NO% TOTAL MALE NO OF FAMILY MEMBER TOTAL FEMALE DEGREE% +TWO% MATRIC% EDUCATION(MALE) MIDDLE% PRIMARY% ILLITRATE% DEGREE% +TWO% MATRIC% EDUCATION(FEMALE) MIDDLE% PRIMARY% ILLITRATE% SERVICE AGRI/HOTI ANNUAL INCOME LABOUR MISC TOTAL ANNUAL INCOME
Comprehensive CAT Plan of Satluj River Basin
120 71.67 0.83 1.67 25.83 97.5 2.5 80.83 19.17 62.5 37.5 4.076 92.5 7.5 62.5 37.5 395 377 9.87 18.73 19.76 16.71 21.01 13.92 4.52 13 14.85 15.38 18.83 33.42 6671321 11267200 1209000 552100 164163.5
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TABLE NO:14(A)
MAHILA MANDAL % 50.83
SOCIAL PARTICIPATION YOUTH LALSA SHG% CLUB PANCHAYANT % % 0.83 4.2 1.67
MARKETING PATTERN OF PRODUCE Coop% 0.8
NO%
PRIVATE%
41.67
71.67
COOP% 0.83
NO%
BANK%
27.5
15.83
COOP% 30
U.CO BANK % 3.33
SOURCE OF BORROWING SBI BANK FRIENDS% RELATIVES% % 7.5 14.17 23.33
NO% 5.01
ANY OTHER % 0.83
INCOME GENERATING ACTIVITIES EXISTING Bee Keeping, Khaddi , Tailoring
INTERESTED Sewing,Embroidery,Bee Keeping, Poultry, Khaddi, Carpenter ,Mushroom ,Floriculture, Fishery
FUEL/FODDER MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENT %
FUEL/FODDER
YES% 98.33 93.33
FUEL FODDER FUEL SOURCE
NO% 1.67 6.67
Forest Forest/Gas Forest/Kerosene Gas LPG LPG /Forest LPG and UPF No
SOURCE TO COVER GAP % 25 15 1.67 40.83 3.33 5 2.5 5.83
UPF
0.83
MINOR FOREST PRODUCE(MFP) EXISTINGNAME Dhoop Koru Dhoop Koru Dhoop Koru Dhoop Koru Guchhi Guchhi Guchhi Guchhi
ANNUALINCOME 2000 21000 3300 2000 0 0 0 0
AVALIBILITY%
GAP %
45.46 61.04
52.83 30.62
Forest Forest ,UPF Forest, Purchase Gas No Private Purchase Self Use UPF
FODDER SOURCE
SOURCE TO COVER GAP % 58.33 0.83 0.83 1.67 24.17 4.17 4.17 0.83 4.17
UPF/DPF
0.83
SUGGESTION Collects but no satisfactory rates being given to them by contractors/ markets. No Rates of market not satisfactory Technical guidance through Herbal Garden required to improve the income from MFP No Not being collected for marketing purpose. Not being for sale Self use only
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2. Analysis District Community Development Block
Shimla Rampur
The socio-economic conditions of Rampur block are summarized in the following tables. Table: 1
Ethnic Group & Religion, Study Area, 2009-10. (Per cent)
Religion Hindu
100.00
Category General 71.67 SC 25.83 OBC 1.67 ST 0.83 It can be observed from the Table-1 that in the study area the percentage of Hindu was 100.00. As far as caste category was concerned general category constituted the largest proportion accounting for 71.67 per cent. Next in importance was scheduled caste category (25.83 percent). Out of the total sampled households the OBC and ST category constituted 1.67 & 0.83 percent, respectively. Table: 2
Infrastructure Facilities, Study Area, 2009-10.
Village Level Motorable road to village Health facility in a village Average distance to be covered to get medical facility Electricity connection Tap water connection Toilet facility
Family level
Yes 80.33 62.5 4.76 K.M.* 97.5 92.5 62.5
(Per cent) NO 19.67 35.5
2.5 7.5 35.5
*Kilometre Table -2 exhibits that 80.33 per cent of villages were connected with motorable roads. As far as health facilities in villages are concerned only 62.5 percent villages were having medical facilities. On an average people had to cover 4.76 K.M. to get medical help. Table further indicates that 7.5 per cent households were not having water connection and 35.5 per cent were going in open for defecation. As far as electricity connection is concerned 2.5 per cent households were not having electric connection in their houses. Table: 3
Distribution of selected families according to gender, Study Area, 2009-10. (Number)
Gender Male 395 Female 377 Total 797 Average size of family 6.64 Sex ratio* 954 *Number of females per thousand males The information on average size of family and gender- wise classification of sampled households has been presented in Table – 3. It can be observed form the table that on overall level, the average family consisted of 6.64 members and sex ratio in the study area was 954. Table: 4
Educational Level, Study Area, 2009-10
Educational Level Illiterate
Male 13.92 Comprehensive CAT Plan of Satluj River Basin
(Per cent) Female 33.42
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Primary 21.01 18.83 Middle 16.71 15.38 Matriculate 19.75 14.85 Sr. Secondary 18.73 13.00 Degree 9.87 4.51 Table -4 represents the educational level of sampled population of the study area. As regards the literacy of the family members, it was found to be higher among males as compared to females. The proportion of illiteracy in females was more. The majority of the females (18.83 per cent) had their education up to primary level. The proportion of the female population having studied up to middle, matriculation and sr. secondary standards was 15.38, 14.85 and 13.00 per cent, respectively. It can be seen from the table that only 4.51 per cent of the female population were having their up to degree level. Among the male, majority of the population (21.01 per cent) were having education up to primary level. About 55 percent of male population had gone beyond primary level but there were only 9.87 per cent degree holder among the male sampled population. Table: 5
Distribution of Family Income, Study Area, 2009-10
Sr. No 1.
Particulars Service
2.
Horticulture/Agriculture
3.
Labour
4.
Miscellaneous Total
(Average) Annual family Income (Rs.) 55594 (33.87) 93893 (57.20) 10075 (6.13) 4587 (2.80) 164149 (100.00)
Note: Figures in parentheses represent percentages. In order to get an insight unto the annual family income as a whole an analysis was carried out on the basis of family as a unit. The major constituents of family income in the study area were service, horticulture/agriculture and labour. A perusal of Table – 5 reveals that on an average, the total annual family income, per household, was worked out to be Rs. 1, 64,149. The major source of annual family income was agriculture/horticulture. It contributed about 57.20 per cent towards total family income. Next in importance was service, as it contributed about 33.87 per cent. Labour was also one of the important sources of family income. Its contribution was 6.13 per cent. Table: 6 Social Participation, Study Area, 2009-10 (Per cent) Participation (57.05) Co-operatives 0.83 Youth Club 4.17 Mahila Mandal 50.83 Self Help Groups 1.67 No Participation (42.05) Table – 6 shows the average social participation of households in study area. Overall only 57.05 percent were participating in Co-operatives, Youth Clubs, Mahila Mandals and Self Help Groups with 0.83, 4.17, 50.83 & 1.67 percentages, respectively. Table: 7
Marketing Pattern of Produce, Study Area, 2009-10 (Per cent) Private 71.67 Government 27.50 Cooperatives 0.83 Table – 7 reveals that majority of the respondents (71.67 per cent) were selling their produce to private parties followed by Government and cooperatives with 27.50 and 0.83 percentage, respectively. Comprehensive CAT Plan of Satluj River Basin
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134
Source of Borrowings, Study Area, 2009-10 (Per cent)
Bank 26.66 Cooperative Society 30.00 Relatives 23.33 Friends 14.17 Any other 5.84 The source of borrowings by the sampled households majority of the respondents (30.00 per cent) were societies followed by banks. Large junk of people were and friends. The table further reveals that 5.84 per cent money lenders to take loan. Table: 9
is presented in Table – 8. The taking loans from cooperative also taking loans from relatives of households were approaching
Income Generating Activities, Study Area, 2009-10 (Activities)
Existing Interested Bee Keeping, Sewing, Embroidery, Bee Keeping, Poultry, Khaddi , Khaddi, Carpentry ,Mushroom ,Floriculture, Tailoring Fishery Table – 9 presents the existing and those income generating activities in which people were interested for future. Very rare income generating activities existed in the study area, but the people showed interest in Sewing, Embroidery, Fishery, Poultry, Khaddi, Carpentry, Mushroom ,Floriculture, and Bee keeping. The latter three activities (Mushroom, Floriculture, and Bee keeping) had more attention. Table: 10 Fuel/Fodder Management, Study Area, 2009-10 (Per cent) Sources to cover gap by household Fuel 100 65 35 Forests (40) LPG (28) Kerosene (32) Fodder 87 68 32 Forest (74) Market (26) Table – 10 shows the fuel and fodder management by the respondents in study area. It can be seen from the table that on an average people were able to mange 65 percent fuel from their own farms and to cover the gap 40 per cent households were dependent on forests. As far as fodder is concerned, to cover the gap which was 32 per cent, majority of the people (74 per cent) were dependent on forests. Requirement
Availability
Gap
Table: 11 Minor Forest Produce (Averages) Existing Names Annual Income (Rupees) Dhoop 1855 Guchhi A perusal of Table – 11 reveals that in minor forest produce Dhoop and Guchhi were the important components of additional income. Average annual family income from minor forest produce in the study area was Rs. 1855/- only. Suggestions • Rural infrastructure like village roads, drinking water, and sanitation needs to be developed and strengthened. •
Health sub-centres may be provided with proper building and staff at Panchayat level.
•
Family planning campaign needs to be started at Gram Panchayat level. Awards should be given to Gram Panchayats with low decadal variation form the average of state. Comprehensive CAT Plan of Satluj River Basin
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•
The occurrence of school dropouts has been quite high as we move from primary to middle and similar pattern is clearly visible for higher education.
•
In order to raise the socio-economic status, increase employment opportunities and generate self confidence, the top priority is to be given for their education. The education will not help in providing their participation in economic activities but also add to their productivity.
•
The overall literacy rate of women is low as compared to men folk. Keeping in view the active role played by women in home management special schemes should be introduced to get her more educated.
•
Social participation should be encouraged. The participation in co-operatives, self help groups and youth clubs is very poor in study area. There is need to educate the people about these rural institutions and their functioning. They should also be motivated to participate in these rural institutions. During People Rural Appraisal technique it has come to notice that most of the people are not having knowledge about development activities. This can be taken care by enhancing their social participation.
•
Majority of people in study area are marketing their produce to private parties but resentment was also there among the people that private parties are not purchasing their produce at proper rates. Government should do efforts in this respect.
•
The presence of banks remains quite low in study area. The banks already working in the study area has to gain confidence among local people. People prefer to borrow money from relatives and other agencies. Bank people are required to establish rapport with villagers to win their confidence.
•
In order to make the people economically better off, there is need to introduce new income generating activities as suggested by them. Proper training should be imparted to them to start new activities. Existing income generating activities should be strengthened by making them more trained. Women folk should be trained to improve their economic status. Improved economic status will lead to increase in empowerment of women and also enable them to participate increasingly in decision making in the family and society, which at present is more or less the exclusive domain of the men folk.
•
There exists a gap in fodder requirement and which is mostly met with from forests. To meet put this gap new species of fodder trees and grasses and improved management practices (Agronomic practices and fertilization application) should be popularized.
•
To cover the gap in fuel majority of people re dependent on forests for fuel wood. To release the pressure of forests alternative sources like solar energy, bio-gas should be encouraged. An investment in this direction can be cheaper and more eco-friendly source electrification.
•
Pressure cookers should be provided to them on subsidized rates.
•
Training should be imparted to women to save energy. Wood saving devices like improved chullas should be introduced.
•
Technical guidance through Herbal Garden is required to improve the income from minor forest produce. Government should directly purchase the produce from people as middlemen are not giving prices as per market value.
•
In the study area major source of family income is agriculture/horticulture. Every farmer who wants to expand or even maintain his or her business invariably Comprehensive CAT Plan of Satluj River Basin
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needs cash. The need for cash implies a need for credit, and as most small scale farmers need relatively small amounts of credit. Microcredit is not always the solution farmers are looking for, and they benefit from it less than other sectors. Their need for credit may be relatively small, but it is larger than that of the average micro-entrepreneur. Farmers need access to credit over a long period of time as they have to wait until harvest time or later, until they can pay back a loan. Unlike other micro-enterprises, agriculture cannot sustain above market interest rates as the financial returns are not high enough. Keeping this in view government should make efforts for microfinance instead of microcredit.
3. Costing DEVELOPMENT BLOCK RAMPUR Basic Statistics No of MWs in the CD Block falling in Satluj Catchment Range of general slope of land Farmers' owned land area Irrigated area Fodder supply against demand* Green fodder Dry fodder Improvement Expenditure to be met from CAT Plan Cost of 0.5% additional area( 75 ha) to be brought under irrigation(@ Rs. 1.0 Lakh/ha) Cost of 1 % area(149 ha) to be brought under organic farming (@ Rs. 10,000/= per ha)(Only incentive portion)*** Rejuvenation of senile orchards {0.5 % of area (75 ha) @ Rs.15,000/= per ha} (Only incentive portion)*** Area expansion under Hort. Crops {0.5% of area(75 ha) @ Rs. 60,000/= per ha}( Only incentive portion)*** 0.5 % of area (75 ha) to be Bench Terraced (@ Rs.1,06,882/= per ha)**** One Community Water Storage Tank for 10 hectare command area in each Block*** One Farm Pond (125 CM) for each micro-watershed (45 Nos.) @ Rs. 2,96, 000/= per pond**** 0.5 % of farmers’ owned land (75 ha ) to be brought under grassland improvement (@ Rs. 1.0 Lakh/ha)***** Fodder cultivation****** i). Kharif fodder cultivation on 60 ha @ Rs.19120/= per ha ii). Rabi fodder cultivation on 60 ha @ Rs. 22800/= per ha One Natural Breeding Centre (NBC) in each micro-watershed (Nos.) @ Rs. 25,000/= per centre****** Cost of two Gosadan to accommodate 100 cattle heads each 1. Recurring cost@ Rs.40/= per cattle per day 2. Recurreing cost of 8 attendants @ Rs. 120/=/per day/per attendant 3. Fixed cost for raising Gosadan structures Total Source * ** *** **** ***** ******
Block Dev.Office/Distt. Statistical Office NERIL Survey Cost norms as per Hort.Tech. Mission, GOI/Deptt. of Hort. H.P. Deptt. of Agri. H.P norms Dept. of Ani. Husbandry, H.P. norms Mid Himalayan Project norms Comprehensive CAT Plan of Satluj River Basin
45** 20 to 85 %** 14944 ha** < 5 %** 44 % 59 % Rs. In Lakhs 75.00 14.90 11.25 45.00 80.16 17.25 133.20 75.00
11.47 13.68 11.25 29.20 3.46 10.00 530.82