Fall/Winter 2022 No. 19

After the invention of the printing press, many predicted the demise of handwriting. Handwriting never disappeared—it evolved.

Written Off

Ha n d w r i ti ng i n t h e A g e o f Pr i n t

of Hands A Show

Exhibition open through December 30, 2022

Written Off

by Jill Gage

For centuries, people have worried that new technologies like printing would lead to the demise of handwriting. In reality, printing has actually widened the influence of handwriting in everyday life.

A Journey through the Twentieth Century by

Linda Gartz

Letters, diaries, and photographs record how one family experienced the Great Depression, World War II, and the Civil Rights movement. The Gartz Family papers reveal the personal stories that are often lost to history.

Mapping History

by James Akerman and Lia Markey

European knowledge of, and interest in, other parts of the world grew as Western colonial powers extended their reach across the globe. Maps from the Newberry’s world-famous Novacco Collection chart this progression.

Teaching Indigenous History

Scholar and educator Meredith McCoy (Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa descent) discusses her participation in a Newberry initiative to develop curricular materials for teaching Native American history in K-12 classrooms.

Micrography, or microcalligraphy, is a type of calligram, an art form in which an image is created from handwritten text. Dating back to the ninth century, microcalligraphy originally emerged as a way of decorating Hebrew Bibles.

In the Newberry collection, you’ll find a small set of nineteenth-century Dutch manuscripts, with each sheet featuring a scene from the Old Testament rendered in the tiniest of handwriting. The image we’re featuring on the cover of this

MAGAZINE STAFF

Editor Alex Teller

Designer

issue of The Newberry Magazine represents the story of Adam and Eve.

Microcalligraphy is a reminder that handwriting is so much more than a utilitarian technology; it is a medium for creativity, ingenuity, and virtuosic expression. You can learn more about microcalligraphy, as well as other forms of handwriting, in our current exhibition, A Show of Hands: Handwriting in the Age of Print . The exhibition is on view through December 30, 2022.

The Newberry Magazine is published semiannually. Every other issue includes the annual report for the most recently concluded fiscal year. A subscription to The Newberry Magazine is a benefit of membership in the Newberry Associates, President’s Fellows, or Next Chapter.

Unless otherwise credited, all images are from the Newberry collection or from events held at the Newberry.

To make a gift and become a member, visit newberry.org/support or call (312) 255-3581.

Andrea Villasenor

Photography Catherine Gass

Thousands of letters combine to form the figures of Adam and Eve in a nineteenth-century Dutch manuscript.

From Daniel Greene

A world-class collection of writing books and calligraphy. A Chicago family’s compelling history. Newly digitized maps that tell global stories. Collaborations with Indigenous communities in Chicago today. We’re exploring a diversity of topics at the Newberry this fall.

Our Fall/Winter issue of The Newberry Magazine and annual report is a testament to the diversity of interests anyone can pursue at the Newberry.

Jill Gage, Custodian of the John M. Wing Collection on the History of Printing, takes us behind the scenes to reveal her thinking in curating the Newberry’s current exhibition, A Show of Hands: Handwriting in the Age of Print This remarkable display, drawing on 500 years of materials across the Newberry’s unparalleled collection of handwriting manuals and calligraphy, challenges us to think anew about identity, technology, and art. Linda Gartz’s deeply personal and moving reflection on her family’s history in Chicago across the twentieth century reveals the trust she has put in the Newberry to preserve her family’s records and make them available to researchers for generations to come. We also feature here stunning maps from the Newberry’s Franco Novacco Collection—more than 700 maps printed in Italy during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. These maps, which researchers have been able to consult at the Newberry for more than 50 years, recently have been digitized and will soon be freely accessible online to even wider audiences. Finally,

our interview with Meredith McCoy, teacher and scholar of Indigenous history, highlights ongoing collaborations and ambitious plans for our upcoming Indigenous Chicago project.

This issue also includes information about our redesigned website and new portal to digital collections, launched in October. Our digital front door is now more welcoming and intuitive to navigate, with easier access to tens of thousands of images from our collection. Visit newberry.org soon—and check back often as we continue to add thousands more collection images over the coming months and years.

Finally, we’re proud to commemorate this fall the 50th anniversary of two Newberry research centers: the Hermon Dunlap Smith Center for the History of Cartography and the D’Arcy McNickle Center for American Indian and Indigenous Studies. For half a century, these centers have advanced scholarship, engaged public audiences, and provided meeting grounds for conversation about ideas essential to understanding human history. An exhibition, a publication, and programs will reflect on the impressive past and promising future of both centers.

There are so many things to celebrate at the Newberry this fall. I hope you’ll join us to learn more.

Notable happenings around the Newberry. We are always growing and changing. Grounded in history, engaged with the present, looking to the future.

Centers for Indigenous Studies and the History of Cartography Celebrate 50 Years at the Newberry

This year marks the 50th anniversary of two research centers at the Newberry: The D’Arcy McNickle Center for American Indian and Indigenous Studies and the Hermon Dunlap Smith Center for the History of Cartography. A new exhibition (now on view in the Newberry’s Helen Hanson Gallery) commemorates the centers’ contributions to shaping scholarship in their fields through fellowships, publications, and convenings over the past half century. The McNickle and Smith centers also have provided opportunities for the Newberry to engage the public through exhibitions, programs, and collaboration with many partners, including tribal communities. Visitors to the exhibition can view items from the Newberry’s collection that reflect the extensive range of activities and research pursuits of the McNickle and Smith centers.

Additional programming this fall included the 21st Kenneth Nebenzahl, Jr. Lectures in the History of Cartography. The Nebenzahl Lectures centered on “mapping as performance.” On November 4 and 5, scholars and performers explored four sub-topics: surveying as performance; performing space, place, and history in Indigenous North America; mapping dance; and travel as mapping.

Three people build a tipi as part of a blessing ceremony for the Center for the History of the American Indian (now the D’Arcy McNickle Center for American Indian and Indigenous Studies). April 10, 1973.

ANNIVERSARY

The Newberry Welcomes New Directors of Exhibitions, Conservation, and the Smith Center for the History of Cartography

Sarah Boyd Alvarez, Director of Exhibitions

A museum educator and administrator for more than twenty years, Sarah Boyd Alvarez has developed, facilitated, and evaluated programs and learning resources for a range of audiences, including K-12 and college-level students and educators, adults, and families. Most recently, as Senior Fellow for Public Art History at Smarthistory, a non-profit, open-source publisher of art history webinars and essays for teaching and learning, Alvarez focused on exploring the complex histories and narratives surrounding works of art and visual culture from around the world. Prior to her work with Smarthistory, Alvarez held multiple roles in the department of Learning and Public Engagement at the Art Institute of Chicago, including Assistant Director of Communications, Assistant Director for Adult Programs, and Senior Director for Students and Educators. In this last role, she led a highly collaborative process to revamp the museum’s offerings for K-12 learners.

Kim Nichols, Director of Conservation

After serving as the first conservator devoted to Asian works on paper at the Art Institute of Chicago, Kim Nichols spent nearly a decade as Associate Conservator in the museum’s Prints and Drawings Department, followed by five years in private practice treating Asian and Western works. Nichols has conducted research and technical analysis on a wide variety of materials to inform treatment plans and worked in collaboration with curators on exhibitions, publishing the results in scholarly works and exhibition catalogs. She is committed to conservation education and training and looking forward to working across the library with curators, exhibitions and research center staff, students, and scholars.

David Weimer, Curator of Maps and Director of the Smith Center for the History of Cartography

Previously serving as Librarian for Cartographic Collections and Learning at the Harvard Map Collection, David Weimer arrives at the Newberry in the dual role of Curator of Maps and Director of the Hermon Dunlap Smith Center for the History of Cartography. Weimer has devoted his professional and scholarly work to guiding people into the history of maps and highlighting the interdisciplinary potential of maps. He co-curated an exhibition on the tactile reading of texts that earned him the Biennial Disability History Association’s Public Disability History Award in 2020. Collaborating with Newberry staff across the library, Weimer will grow the Newberry’s map collections while integrating maps into our programming for scholars, teachers, students, and lifelong learners.

A Treasure Trove of Rare Native Paper

This summer, scholar Barbara Mundy visited the Newberry for a close examination of Ayer MS 1485, a mid-sixteenth-century collection of sermons by the famed missionary Bernardino de Sahagún. Written in Nahuatl, one of the Indigenous languages of what is now Mexico, the book was intended to be used in Catholic masses for Indigenous converts to Christianity. While Mundy was at the Newberry, she consulted with conservators from the Newberry and the Library of Congress to determine that the book was made from amatl paper, a material that has been made in Mesoamerica for over two thousand years.

As she considered the material, Mundy asked herself, Why would Sahagún have elected to use this paper when he had ready access to European paper? According to Mundy, “It’s possible that the choice wasn’t made by Sahagún but by his Native collaborators, who saw fit to set Christian sermons down on the substrate that they regarded most highly. To these men, amatl paper may have been like the finest vellum in a European scriptorium. And Sahagún may have well approved of this choice, understanding that the importance of his sermons may have been made most clear to his Native audience, but less by the words on the page than by the paper upon which they were written.”

SOURCE MATERIAL BLOG

The Newberry Launches Redesigned Website and New Digital Collections Portal

Last year, the Newberry teamed up with Firebelly, a design agency based in Chicago, to reimagine and redesign the Newberry’s website. We started by interviewing users and consulting stakeholders, and then began the process of reorganizing hundreds of webpages and developing new accessible content.

Now, we’re thrilled to be able to share the new newberry.org with you.

Built for intuitive navigation, the Newberry website more seamlessly connects you with our collections and services. The organization of the site and the design of individual pages now serve the full range of Newberry users, from scholars, artists, and genealogists to teachers, students, and lifelong learners.

You can scan for information about our adult education classes, to name just one example, and quickly find the calendar for the current term. Or you can browse the site to learn about our collection, read a blog post, or start planning your visit to the reading rooms.

“The Newberry website is our digital front door, and we invite users around the world to use it to access the collection, learn about programming, and interact with our staff,” said Newberry President and Librarian Daniel Greene. “Our redesigned website is now open, accessible, and inviting, like the library itself.”

Aesthetically, the website is an expression of the Newberry’s new visual identity, which honors the Newberry’s history while communicating who we are now—an evolving laboratory of humanities research and learning.

A dynamic interplay of past, present, and future is achieved through the key components of the design system.

Three typefaces, anchored by a display font called Flecha, organize text into typographic hierarchies for readability on the web. A range of vibrant colorways reflect the diversity of our collections and the different lenses through which users can experience and interpret history at the Newberry. Finally, a bookmark-like shape—extracted from the angular “N” mark in our logo—can be scaled up or down to be used as a container for text, a visual accent for secondary information (like image captions), or a decorative enhancement. As a graphic device, the bookmark brings energy to layouts while also symbolizing the power of reading and storytelling.

Together, these elements form a flexible system that shapes how the Newberry looks and feels across every touch point, from promotional flyers to our website. More importantly, we now have

a visual language for expressing our values and forming stronger connections with curious people all over Chicago and beyond.

“We aimed to uplift, organize, and support the Newberry’s commitment to a community that knows them well,” said Will Miller, Senior Design Director with Firebelly. “Much of the identity work was about honoring the past, organizing existing elements, and planning for a future where collections need to become more accessible outside of a physical building. Our goal was to care for, rather than upend or reinvent, internal design successes.”

Enjoy navigating the site and welcome to the new newberry.org!

By Jill Gage

Written Off

Today, most people think of handwriting as a pretty and polite art form, a relic of the past now mostly relegated to wedding invitations or artwork. But for centuries, handwriting served as a powerful tool for the communication of information, the preservation of knowledge, the shaping of identity, and the building of empires.

The Newberry’s latest exhibition, A Show of Hands: Handwriting in the Age of Print, focuses on people, cultures, and technology to make the role of handwriting over the past 500 years newly legible. The materials in the exhibition span from the earliest printed writing manual, published by Ludovico degli Arrighi in Rome in the 1520s, to a 2018 manuscript by the Chicago calligrapher Alicia Marquez.

When I began working on this exhibition in September 2019, I knew that I faced a difficult task. The John M. Wing Collection on the History of Printing at the Newberry holds the best collection of writing manuals and calligraphic specimens in the world (about 2,500 items), with both printed books and manuscripts ranging from the sixteenth century through the present day. Additionally, there are thousands more examples of handwriting on maps and documents and in books and letters throughout the Newberry’s other collections. How was I meant to whittle that down to

fifty or so items for the gallery? The writing books published in sixteenth-century Italy alone would exceed that number. As would the twentieth- and twenty-first-century works by Chicago calligraphers (including Ernst Detterer, Custodian of the Wing Collection from 1931-1947).

I started my work by looking at as many items as possible (a task made especially difficult by the pandemic) and making lists. One list included highlights and well-known books that seemed impossible to leave out, like the aforementioned Arrighi writing manual, as well as the two jewel-like 1606 manuscripts created by Esther Inglis as showcases for her tiny, delicate scripts. This list also included the first illustration of a writing school, found in Urban Wyss’s Libellus valde doctus (Zurich, 1549); and a gilded manuscript (ca. 1610) for James I’s daughter Elizabeth, created by her French writing master Jean de Beauchesne, who carefully noted his age of 72 ½ at the end of the book. And how could I leave out Platt Rogers Spencer, the most famous American writing master, whose papers are held by the Newberry, and whose style of handwriting dominated the second half of the nineteenth century; or Thomas Ingmire, one of the most significant contemporary American calligraphers, who recently donated his papers to the library?

Instead of hastening the demise of handwriting, printing actually has widened its influence in everyday life.

The second list included lesser-known works that I was equally besotted with, like the writing manual (ca. 1600) of Marie Pavie, a Parisian writing mistress and one of only two women to publish a writing book in the early modern period; or a little eighteenth-century Italian manuscript scrapbook that includes a page titled “Lettera Cancellaresca piu facile per le Monache” (“Cursive made easier for nuns”). I soon remembered the Klaus Stopp Collection of thousands of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century German American birth and baptismal certificates, many filled in with black letter script, and added that to the list, along with a collection of over 100 portraits of writing masters and mistresses. I endlessly debated whether to include the handwriting of famous people. Who wouldn’t want to see Napoleon’s tiny, cramped handwriting on what is essentially his English homework? Or a note from Harriet Beecher Stowe, replying to a little girl who had requested her autograph? Or Arthur Conan Doyle’s exceedingly neat hand, as displayed in his bank book?

The list of items—and the directions that I could take them in—seemed endless and, frankly, daunting. (Spoiler alert: only a few things that I have listed above made it into the exhibition! As with all exhibitions, items had to be left out, sometimes because of condition, sometimes size, and sometimes simply because they did not hew closely enough to the exhibition themes.) Since I am the curator of the history of printing collection, I decided to concentrate principally on the relationship between handwriting and print. I focused on the questions, How has handwriting changed what printed books look like? And how has printing transformed the ways in which we think about handwriting?

Since the sixteenth century, people have worried that printing might result in the demise of handwriting. In fact, I would argue that the opposite is true: printing actually worked to widen the influence of handwriting in everyday life. In thinking about the intersection of handwriting and print, I decided to focus on three main themes: Identity, Technology, and Art. What follows are three stories of items in the exhibition that have challenged my own ideas about handwriting.

Clockwise from top: A calligraphy specimen book by Esther Inglis (1606), calligraphy by contemporary American calligrapher Thomas Ingmire (2015), specimens of calligraphy by Marie Pavie (ca. 1600).

Handwriting is a symbol of personal identity. But in the early modern period it was also a marker of cultural and social identity: different countries had distinctive “hands” (i.e. styles of writing), as did certain professions. In order to work in the papal record office or the English court system or to correspond or conduct business with someone in another country, one had to be able to write—or at least read—these hands. Printed writing manuals, which circulated throughout Europe and beyond, helped to solidify the styles that came to define national identity. Sometimes, these manuals helped impose social control.

One story that embodies questions of identity is that of Pierre Hamon. Hamon’s Alphabet de Plusieurs Sortes de Lettres ( Collection of Many Styles of Letters ), published in Paris in 1567, is one of the rarest writing books, with its scarcity due to the tragic fate of its creator. Hamon was a writing master and historian of

handwriting whose friend, the printer Christopher Plantin, included a character based on him in a dialogue about teaching handwriting to children (this book is sadly one of the few gaps in the Newberry’s collection). In the dialogue, Hamon indicates that children should be taught one style of handwriting for everyday writing, along with more than fifteen other styles! In what is perhaps a bit of cross-promotion, all of these styles could be found in Hamon’s writing manual.

Perhaps because of his renown and his interest in teaching young people, Hamon was named writing master to the young Charles IX, the third son of Henry II and Catherine de’ Medici, who ascended to the throne in 1560 at the tender age of ten. In addition to teaching the young king, Hamon also acted as his secretary. In 1569, Hamon’s career came to a swift and unpleasant end: he was accused of treason and executed. The details of his

A page from Pierre Hamon’s handwriting manual Alphabet de Plusieurs Sortes de Lettres (Collection of Many Styles of Letters), printed in 1567. Writing master to Charles IX, Hamon was executed in 1569 for allegedly forging the king’s signature.

arrest are shadowy. He was alleged to have forged the king’s signature, ironic considering that one part of a secretary’s job was to write and sign documents on behalf of the king. It is also possible that Hamon was hanged for his beliefs or activities as a Huguenot, or French Protestant (other Huguenot writing masters and mistresses fled France during this period). Before his execution, Hamon was ordered to destroy all known copies of his writing books, meaning that very few survive. The Newberry’s copy has a page of manuscript inserted alongside one of the printed pages; this was once thought to be in Hamon’s own hand but has now been identified as that of an early owner of the book (come see it for yourself in the exhibition).

In the wake of Hamon’s death, the king established the Communauté des Experts Écrivains Jurez, a corporation of writing masters responsible for verifying the authenticity of handwriting and signatures in court, along with regulating the teaching of handwriting as well as arithmetic and bookkeeping (both of which were often taught by writing teachers). While inclusion in the corporation was prestigious, its members were largely under state control; in the late sixteenth and early

seventeenth centuries, French handwriting was controlled by the Parlement de Paris, which decided what styles were taught and who should use them.

The saga of Pierre Hamon is certainly dramatic, filled with scandal at court, religious dissent, forgery, and execution . . . all centered on handwriting. Hamon’s downfall, and the organizations and regulations constructed in the wake of his death, work to dislodge our contemporary views of handwriting as polite and inconsequential.

Printed writing books serve as a microhistory of printing processes over the last 500 years. The earliest reproductions of handwriting were printed using woodcuts, which soon gave way to engraved plates and later lithography, photography, and metal and digital type. Woodcuts are a form of relief printing (like a stamp), with letters carved onto wood blocks, whereas engraving is an intaglio process, with lettering incised into a metal plate using a special tool called a burin. Engraving allows for finer, more elaborate lines and was the technology of choice for reproducing handwriting from the mid-sixteenth century through the end of the eighteenth

Another page from Pierre Hamon’s handwriting manual. Examples of Hamon’s work are rare because, before being executed, he was ordered to destroy all known copies of his writing books.

like at its

is an

century. (Pierre Hamon’s book is in fact the earliest writing book printed entirely from engraved plates.)

Another favorite story about engraved handwriting on view in the gallery concerns not a writing book but a famous American document: The Declaration of Independence. The Declaration was first printed as a text in newspapers in July 1776. But when most people think of the Declaration, they picture the manuscript version with its fifty-six signatures at the bottom, the most prominent being that of John Hancock. Although the document was carefully copied out on parchment by a congressional scribe, by the early nineteenth century it was beginning to show wear. Poor handling, storage, and conservation attempts had rendered some parts of the document, especially the signatures, almost illegible. In 1820, Secretary of State John Quincy Adams commissioned a facsimile of the document from the Washington, DC, engraver William J. Stone. While Stone was not the first person to engrave a copy of the Declaration, he was the first to make a full-size facsimile. His engraving is the closest representation of what the Declaration looked like at the time of its signing. Although chemical processes that transferred ink from an original manuscript to a metal plate were in use in the early nineteenth century, it is more likely that Stone engraved the plate freehand, especially the signatures (which were already eroded). In doing so, he also had to engrave the text backwards on the plate, so that it printed out right-reading.

It took Stone three years to complete his work. He printed two hundred copies of the Declaration on parchment, which were given to the surviving signers, as well as to current office holders (the

copy belonging to Charles Carroll, the last signer to die, sold at auction for $4.42 million in 2021). Ten years later, Stone printed additional copies on thin paper for Peter Force’s nine-volume American Archives, a collection of documents from the American Revolution. Stone’s engraving, though, is not an exact replica of the Declaration. He made tiny changes throughout the document, perhaps because the original lettering was too eroded for him

When many of us picture the Declaration of Independence, we see the original handwritten document on parchment. However, the closest representation of what the document looked

signing

engraving by William J. Stone from the 1820s. (Photo by John Zich. Courtesy Eric Slauter.)

to see clearly or possibly to distinguish the engraving from the original manuscript. Or maybe he simply wanted to add his own mark to the work.

Today we only know what the handwriting on the Declaration looked like in its original form thanks to Stone’s skill in engraving (although he also must have been quite deft with a pen). When I look at the Stone engraving on view in the gallery, I sometimes forget that it is engraved and marvel at the graceful handwriting and the power of John Hancock’s showy signature. Other times, I am astounded at the skill required of the engraver. How did he produce such fine lines that look as if they flowed from a quill pen? Is it the pen or the burin that created this document? Or is it both things at once? The engraved Declaration is just one of many items in the exhibition that help us think about the complexities of creating—and reading—handwriting in print.

Sometimes penmanship aims to make writing more legible or pleasing to the eye, while at other times it strives to push the boundaries of what the hand can create. Skillful writing masters have dazzled readers with fancy flourishes, calligraphic animals, and self-portraits. While the exhibition is filled with beautiful illustrations and examples of virtuoso calligraphy, it is our specimens of micrography that may be the most astounding—and the most difficult to tear myself away from. Micrography, or microcalligraphy, is a type of calligram, an art form in which text creates an image. The image created is meant to visually represent the text.

Micrography dates to the ninth century and was originally used to decorate Hebrew Bibles. Even in the sixteenth century, as scribal (i.e. professional) manuscript production became less common, micrography remained a popular art form. The invention of lithography in the late eighteenth century meant that microcalligraphic writing could be easily reproduced in print, and printed sheets featuring biblical portraits or scenes were popular throughout the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

The Newberry holds printed examples of microcalligraphy rendered in engraving or lithography. We also have a small collection of nineteenth-century Dutch manuscripts, with each sheet featuring a

scene from the Old Testament rendered in the tiniest of handwriting; it was these manuscripts that I wanted to showcase in the gallery. All of the sheets are wonderful, and I had a hard time choosing among them. The illustrations of Adam and Eve and Samson and Delilah were early contenders (there is something about calligraphic hair that is enormously pleasing). But I ended up selecting the sheet depicting Adrammelech and Sharezer killing their father Sennacherib while he worships in the temple of his god Nisroch (2 Kings, 19:37). Admittedly, my decision had much to do with the fact that this sheet was in the best condition, although I also relish the opportunity to point out the tiny calligraphic swords as a reminder that words can indeed hurt.

The sheet is hung on the wall instead of in a case because microcalligraphy is difficult to see. But the art is worth the effort and the inevitable squinting. There is a new detail to admire every time one looks at this piece: the graceful, curved words that fill the border, the calligraphic knot at the bottom of the page, the expressiveness of the faces, and the tiny, single letters that make up Sennacherib’s beard. It is also great fun to alternate looking closely and then at a distance, and to admire how the text transforms into image and the image into text.

While I am always in awe of beautiful penmanship, microcalligraphy inspires so many questions, such as, What kinds of pens were needed for this kind of work? Did the calligraphers use magnifying lenses? Did they all end up with horrible eyesight? Even though the printed examples of microcalligraphy are wonderful, these handwritten manuscripts are truly transformative. They challenge us to rethink what can be created with just a pen and ink. They invite us into a world of creativity and skill and dare us to literally see handwriting in new ways.

Jill Gage is Custodian of the John M. Wing Foundation on the History of Printing at the Newberry and curator of the exhibition A Show of Hands: Handwriting in the Age of Print on view through December 30, 2022.

The exhibition is generously supported by the Richard C. von Hess Foundation, the Fitzgerald Family Foundation, and Diane and Richard Weinberg.

Exhibition visitors view A Show of Hands: Handwriting in the Age of Print. Photo by John Zich.

Microcalligraphy dates back to the ninth century. One example of microcalligraphy on display in A Show of Hands comes from a series of illustrations of scenes from the Bible. The image here, composed of tiny letters, shows Adrammelech and Sharezer killing their father Sennacherib (2 Kings, 19:37).

By Linda Gartz

A Journey through the Twentieth Century

Letters, diaries, and photographs record how one family experienced the Great Depression, World War II, and the Civil Rights movement.

On May 24, 2022, I rented a van, stuffed it with almost fifty bankers’ boxes of family archives, and drove to the Newberry Library, where I delivered the boxes into the hands of Alison Hinderliter, Lloyd Lewis Curator of Modern Manuscripts and Archives, and her team. It was the culmination of a journey on which I’d embarked almost three decades earlier.

After my mother’s death on August 12, 1994, my two brothers flew in from Seattle to help plan the wake, funeral, and burial. At the gravesite, the large tombstone my grandfather had purchased decades earlier, engraved with “The Gartz Family,” now stood sentinel over two generations: my immigrant grandparents, their three sons, and, now, our mom. We, the “young folks,” were now the older generation.

That status weighed on us as we faced our post-funeral duties, one of which was to ready our former North Side Chicago home for sale. Separating trash from treasure, we moved from room to room, finally arriving in the attic. There, tucked into the corners and cobwebs under the pyramidal-sloped ceiling, we found gems of family—and twentieth-century—history. In boxes, bags, and a cedar chest that once belonged to my Grandma Gartz lay a trove of diaries, letters, documents, scribbled notes, photos, and much more that had lain entombed for decades.

We discovered seventy years of letters sent between my paternal grandparents and friends and family from their homeland (what is today Romania); nearly 300 letters exchanged with my uncle, Lt. Frank Gartz, a B-17 heavy bomber navigator in World War II; diaries dating from 1910 to the 1980s; family diplomas earned in America and Europe; my maternal grandmother’s mental health records; and hundreds of photos dating back to the 1890s, along with slides and film.

All these missives, journals, documents, and images recorded not just family history but also American history: World War I, the stock market crash of 1929, the Great Depression, and the Second World War.

My mother’s diaries, from 1927 through the 1980s, trace the arc of the twentieth-century and its effects on my family’s personal lives. She wrote about living through the Great Depression and, later, about the changing racial demographics of our neighborhood of Chicago’s West Garfield Park in the 1960s. As the journals move into the 1970s and ’80s, they reveal my mother’s fury at the changing mores wrought by the sexual revolution, and the conflict between older and younger generations.

At the time of our “house-cleaning,” these details were unknown to me and my brothers. We had no time to look closely at our discoveries, so we quickly noted the provenance of each item and sorted them into bankers’ boxes. We filled 25 boxes, which came to be stored on the second floor of my garage.

Those boxes sat in my garage while I focused on running a household and raising two boys. Almost eight years passed when an insistent little voice in my head started nagging me: What might be in those letters and diaries? What secrets might they reveal? I succumbed and hauled out the box with World War II letters to and from my Uncle Frank “Ebner” (my grandmother’s maiden name). I’d never met Ebner, so I eagerly began reading. Like the reel of an old movie, the world of 1940s homefront Chicago, along with the life of a young man thrust into basic training and then Army Air Corps preparation, unspooled before me.

Vivid descriptions of simple homey scenes surely made Ebner feel the pulse of life far away on Chicago’s West Side. The letters invited me into that world as well: my mother (Lillian Gartz) hemming a skirt after a stressful day as the executive secretary to the president of the Bayer Company; or my dad (Fred Gartz), a chemist at the time with Lanteen Medical Laboratories, reading poetry or painting their one-bedroom apartment.

Ebner’s most faithful correspondent was his mom. Unlike the cold, judgmental woman I recall, my grandmother emerges through her letters as a loving, devoted, prayerful mom, desperate for her son’s safety.

Frank “Ebner” Gartz (the author’s uncle) flew missions for the US Army Air Corps in Europe during World War II. In a letter to his family in April of 1945, Gartz wrote, “We can see the end coming every day and I’m hoping that the Germans will only hold out long enough for me to finish so the S. Pacific isn’t awaiting me.” Gartz died of polio while in Europe.

Taken as a whole, the letters reveal the transformation of a West Side boy into a seasoned airman, eventually navigating his crew on twenty successful missions from the 2nd Bomb Group’s air base in Amendola, Italy (near Foggia) between January and early May of 1945. They powerfully bring to life the jittery fear gripping family and friends for the boys “who have disappeared from the neighborhood,” as one correspondent writes.

I was hooked. I wanted to know more, so I started “the dig.” I was elated with each discovery, like an archaeologist unearthing clues to the past. Next, I turned to my parents’ letters and diaries. Mom had started a journal when she was ten years old, in 1927. They begin superficially enough, describing the weather and schoolwork. But as time goes by, her increasingly lucid, vibrant writing gives great insight into major events like the 1933 Chicago World’s Fair (the “Century of Progress International Exhibition”), to which she won free admission as part of a writing competition run by the Chicago Daily News.

For my mother’s family and so many others, the World’s Fair was a temporary diversion in the midst of the Great Depression. At least 50 percent of Chicago machinists lost their jobs during the Depression, Mom’s father among them.

Her proud Austrian-born parents had to accept food aid, which my mother described as “nothing fresh: cheese, stale coffee, canned tomatoes.” After one of the few times he was called into work, her

father came home with two missing fingers, chopped off by the machinery’s merciless, unrelenting motion. Mom wrote, “My face turned white, and my knees buckled. Papa lost two fingers [in Austria] when he was twenty-two; now another two. Goodbye guitar.” A talented musician, her father reversed the guitar and learned to play with his right hand on the fret board.

For me, the most thrilling entries were those describing Mom (Lillian) falling in love with my dad (Fred). She met him (for the second time) at a dance in May 1941, and fell instantly in love. Dad finally called her three months later to set up their first date. After a stroll in Lincoln Park, a movie, and a ham sandwich with beer at Sieben’s Brewery, they went back to the park. “I think we both know why we went back,” Mom wrote. “Oh, it was heavenly. He knows all the little innuendos of kissing, and I ain’t so bad m’self, if I do say so. We kissed for about an hour and a half. . . . He is definitely the man I want to marry.” She continued her ecstatic entries for the next year, when he finally confessed his love in May. They married November 8, 1942.

I knew from the start that there was a book somewhere in all these poignant and historical documents, but how to find a focus? I continued the dig while taking writing classes and workshops. I joined two writers’ groups and enrolled in summer writing programs to hone my writing skills.

There was one collection in the archives I was certain would forever remain a mystery. These were the seventy-plus German language letters from my paternal grandparents’ friends and family living in Siebenbürgen, the German name for the area we call Transylvania. As a German major, I could read and understand German, but the ancient handwriting (called Sütterlin) was unreadable.

I asked my cousin, Maria, now living in Germany, but raised in Siebenbürgen, to place an ad in a newspaper read by Germans from that area. I was hoping to find someone to decode the handwriting. Ninety-year-old Meta Phleps replied. She could read Sütterlin and decipher it into readable German for me!

So began a multiyear collaboration with Meta that peeled back time. The letters revealed layers and layers of my family’s history. Within their stories, I had a front-row seat to life in Europe in the aftermath of the two World Wars and beyond.

Included among the deciphered documents was the diary of my grandfather, Josef Gartz. Entitled “Meine Reise Nach America”

The author’s grandparents, Josef Gartz and Lisi Ebner, on their wedding day. 1911.

The author’s parents, Fred and Lillian, on their wedding day. 1942.

(“My Trip to America”), the diary revealed that Josef left Siebenbürgen on Christmas Eve 1910. His entries, as well as the letter he wrote to my future grandmother, Lisi Ebner, document a dramatic story we had heard often. Now I had proof, written in real time, about his daring escape at the border outside Vienna. In Bratislava (then Pressburg), a border guard asked Grandpa for travel papers he didn’t have. He was ordered to exit the train. Grandpa feigned leaving, then climbed a ladder to the top of the train car and lay flat, clinging on desperately, in frigid December air, during the two-hour chug into Vienna. From there he made his way to the Port of Bremen, boarded a ship on New Year’s Eve, and arrived in New York on January 11, 1911 (1/11/11—the date bodes well!).

He then began a letter campaign to persuade his sweetheart, Lisi, to join him in America. Lisi Ebner arrived in New York Harbor on September 26, 1911, on the steamship Kaiser Wilhelm II . After a stop-over in Cleveland to visit her stepsister, she made her way to Chicago, where she married my grandfather on October 13, 1911.

Friends and relatives of both Grandma and Grandpa wrote regularly, with updates of illness, crop failures, and, most cruelly, of the mass deportation of tens of thousands of Siebenbürgen ethnic Germans to Soviet labor camps after World War II.

Anti-German xenophobia gripped America during World War II. My father documents its insidious, personal impact.

In spring 1942, Dad, a chemist, wrote to his mother about his nightmarish experience as a blasting powder blender at the Kingsbury Ordnance Plant in LaPorte, Indiana. A few months after working at the plant, he was summarily fired and given no reason for the dismissal. He was instead met by a Kafkaesque string of lies and subterfuge, until the personnel director finally met with Dad. The personnel director threatened to have his entire family investigated by the FBI, demanding to know why he crossed his sevens and wrote the letter “F” like a German.

“I’m as American as you!” Dad declared. Still, he was let go because of his German-sounding name and these “suspicious” tell-tales. His experience was nothing as severe as the detention camps filled with Japanese Americans, but it documents another

example of how these wartime fears devastated the hopes of everyday American citizens—people like my dad, who were helping the war effort.

After the war, my parents worked around-the-clock to make a success out of their modest rooming house, a transformed two-flat purchased in December 1948. They created five sleeping rooms, a three-room apartment on the second floor, and three studio apartments in the basement. For several years, they also rented two of the bedrooms in our own flat, while my brother Paul and I slept in the dining room with my mother’s mother (Grandma K), who lived with us and suffered from mental illness.

My father got a job with the National Board of Fire Underwriters in the fall of 1949. His work required that he travel extensively, as far south as Texas and Louisiana, north to Minnesota, west to Kansas, east to Ohio, and to all states in between. Assessing cities’ fire and disaster preparedness, he was away from home a total of about six months a year, up to seven weeks at a time during Chicago’s harsh winters.

Until I read the letters my parents exchanged during his thirteen years of travel, as well as Dad’s diary entries from 1950 to 1956, I hadn’t realized the intense stress my mother suffered as she managed their two buildings (they bought a second two-flat in 1958) and a sprawling rooming house. She was alone half the year, without her husband’s help.

Friends and relatives of both Grandma and Grandpa wrote regularly, with updates of illness, crop failures, and, most cruelly, of the mass deportation of tens of thousands of Siebenbürgen ethnic Germans to Soviet labor camps after World War II.

Lisi Ebner arrived in New York Harbor aboard the Kaiser Wilhelm II on September 26, 1911. She married her husband, Josef Gartz, 17 days later.

The Gartz Family rented rooms to African American families at this property on the West Side of Chicago. As white flight intensified in the early 1960s, the Gartzes’ white neighbors fled to the suburbs or other parts of Chicago out of fear that the presence of African American residents would decrease the value of their homes. The Gartzes remained in the neighborhood as its demographics changed.

Dad’s diary recorded that he’d received a “nasty” letter from Mom. I found the letter. She wrote: “My life while you are gone is equivalent to seven days per week of one of your weekends [when he worked nonstop on our two-flat]. You will never know or understand the hectic weekdays trying to get things done. No wonder you like your job—just pack up and go and forget the house.” She poured all her stress and frustration into her letters. Managing a rooming house with a total of eleven tenants, caring for little children, cooking, cleaning, and working on the finances, she was often up till one or two a.m. with no time to herself.

For childcare and house cleaning, Mom came to rely extensively on her mentally ill mother. Grandma K’s paranoid and abusive outbursts tamped down when my dad was gone but erupted with a vengeance when he returned. Both Dad’s and Mom’s diaries, court documents, and Mom’s multipage notes of her mother’s delusional beliefs and outbursts throw light on the stigma of mental illness in an era when there was little support or understanding of the mentally ill, leaving my parents isolated in their struggles.

As I strove to figure out how to frame a book that would capture some part of my vast collection, I decided most important and relevant was the story of redlining and racism that had brought destruction and neglect to our West Side community. I abandoned the sprawling family history saga I had worked on for years and instead focused on intertwining two threads: the unraveling of my parents’ once-happy marriage and the demise of our West Side community following riots that exploded after the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. on April 4, 1968.

The transition of the neighborhood from virtually all white to virtually all Black started after a neighbor died, and the house was sold to a Black family, who moved in on June 22, 1963. White flight began in earnest. My parents stayed. Two months later, my mother recorded in August 1963, that two-thirds of our street had become home to African Americans. That same month, King gave his “I Have a Dream” speech at the March on Washington.

The author (second from left) and her family in 1954.

It wasn’t long before we were among the few whites left in West Garfield Park. In June 1965, when the neighborhood was majority Black, my grandparents, who lived half a block east (at the corner of Keeler and Washington Boulevard) summarily announced they were moving to Villa Park (a suburb of Chicago) and handed over their six-flat to my stunned parents. Shocked by this sudden move and unheard-of generosity, my parents decided to rent the six-flat rather than sell it.

The next month I saw a “For Sale” sign on a beautiful but run-down Victorian house next door to my best friend, Peggy. I told my parents about this house we’d always admired on our many visits to Peggy’s apartment. Our whole family toured the house, fell in love with it, and my parents bought the sixty-five-year-old fixer-upper. It was our first single-family home. Now we owned four properties: three rental properties on the West Side and a large home in need of serious updating five miles north. Over the next twenty years, Mom documented the intense efforts on this North Side home as well as the nonstop work to keep up their buildings. Overcoming previous prejudices, they rented for the first time to African Americans, working seven days a week to provide good housing in a community slipping into poverty and neglect.

Ad for a Saturday Evening Post article titled “Confessions of a Blockbuster,” July 14, 1962. Blockbusters were real estate professionals who exploited white homeowners’ fears of Black residents moving into their neighborhoods and causing property values to fall. These fears were based in racial prejudice. But they were a response to the federal government’s policy of redlining—the practice of refusing to lend federally backed mortgages in neighborhoods where Black people or other minority groups lived.

and after their neighborhood’s racial change, influenced by the racist policy of redlining, which denied home ownership, and thereby wealth, to African American families. Interwoven is the drama of my parents’ unraveling relationship, and the coming-of-age story of a young girl staking out an independent future.

When Martin Luther King, Jr. was murdered on April 4, 1968, our neighborhood was one of more than 200 cities across the country that erupted in riots. Fires raged for almost two miles on the West Side, and looting was rampant. Our once-busy commercial district was transformed into blocks of charred skeletal remains. After the bulldozers came, empty lots scarred the landscape. More than five decades later, swaths of vacant land still mar the community.

My parents drove to their six-flat the day after the riots to fix a furnace problem and help calm tenants’ fears. Mom recorded regularly in her diary about the incessant work the buildings thrust onto her and Dad, their interactions with tenants, and about her growing frustration with my father, who obstinately refused to recognize her role as financial and business manager of their rental enterprise.

Drawing on the letters and diaries, I finished my book, Redlined: A Memoir of Race, Change, and Fractured Community in 1960s Chicago, published in 2018. It tells the story of a West Side family before, during,

As I unloaded the bankers’ boxes last May into the welcoming hands of the Newberry’s Alison Hinderliter and her team, relief washed over me. I’m thrilled and grateful that the Gartz Family papers will provide vast resources to researchers of the twentieth century, as well as insight into the lives of three generations of ordinary Chicagoans. It’s often the quotidian details of daily life, love, and loss—recorded in this collection—that reveal the human side of history and bring our lives into sympathy with one another.

Linda Gartz is an Emmy-award-honored television producer, blogger, essay writer, and author of Redlined: A Memoir of Race, Change, and Fractured Community in 1960s Chicago.

On May 3, 1968 (one month after the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr.), a group of Black students at Northwestern University took over the Bursar’s Office. The students presented the university with a list of demands for supporting the small community of Black students on campus. Photo by James Sweet.

It’s often the quotidian details of daily life, love, and loss— recorded in this collection—that reveal the human side of history and bring our lives into sympathy with one another.

By James Akerman and Lia Markey

Mapping

European knowledge of, and interest in, other parts of the world grew as Western colonial powers extended their reach across the globe. The Newberry’s world-famous Franco Novacco Collection of maps published in the early modern era charts this progression. Recently digitized, the resulting high-resolution images tell stories of travel, exploration, and political power in stunning detail.

In the following photo essay, James Akerman, Director of the Hermon Dunlap Smith Center for the History of Cartography and Curator of Maps at the Newberry, and Lia Markey, Director of the Newberry’s Center for Renaissance Studies, highlight a few examples from the collection.

Ptolemy, Taddeo Crivelli? and Pietro de Nobili [World map on Ptolemy’s first (conic) projection]

Rome?, ca. 1480

Novacco 4F 3

The precise date, location, and publisher of this map are unknown, but its true author is the mathematician, astronomer, and geographer Ptolemy, who lived in Alexandria, Egypt, in the second century, CE. A Greek manuscript of Ptolemy’s Geographia was brought to Florence, Italy, and translated into Latin around 1400. The text, which usually included 26 maps of the world, reintroduced geometric methods for making maps. In his introduction, Ptolemy explained two methods for projecting the spherical globe onto a flat piece of paper, known as his first and second projections. Ptolemy’s Geographia was something of a bestseller in the late fifteenth century. Seven editions were published with maps between 1475 and 1490; the Newberry’s Edward E. Ayer Collection includes six of these editions. This map, however, was apparently sold as a separate print. Note that the map does not show the entire world, only the part of the world that Ptolemy had knowledge of, from the Atlantic coast of Europe and Africa to southeastern Asia—roughly one quarter of the globe. The map clearly implies that there was much more to the earth to the east, west, and south.

History

Jacopo de Barbari

Venetie MD

Venice: Anton Kolb?

VAULT drawer Novacco 8F 7

Jacopo de Barbari’s magnificent panoramic view of Venice was in its time the largest printed plan of any European city. It was printed on six large sheets, which when assembled measured 52.3 × 109.3 inches. The image recalls the Renaissance fashion of installing large plans of cities and maps of parts of the world in dedicated rooms and courtyards in palaces and public buildings, embodying the worldly and religious power and reach of their occupants. For example, an image of the pagan god of commerce, Mercury, looks down on the city with an inscription declaring his favor upon the great emporium, while at bottom Neptune rises from the waves in testimony to the city’s naval strength. It is thought to have been intended, at least in part, to be distributed throughout the Venetian Empire and beyond as a graphic reminder to subjects and competitors alike of the power of the metropolis.

Vera Antiqua Capitolli Descriptio

Rome: Salamanca, 1540

431 x 907 mm. (extent of print), on 3 sheets 555 x 410 mm. or smaller Novacco 4F 259

Though entitled Vera Antiqua Capitolli Descriptio or True Description of the Ancient Capital, this triptych of engravings instead represents an imaginary scene of Rome. Printed in 1540 by the popular Roman printmaker Antonio Salamanca, these engravings would have functioned as a collectible work of art for display and to inspire conversation. Symmetrical ideal city-views with centrally planned buildings at their center like this one were in vogue in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries in various media. Here Renaissance-style architecture is punctuated by Egyptian obelisks, Roman columns, and outdoor terraces to reveal a vibrant cityscape. The streets, windows, and balconies are depicted as lively spaces of conversation amongst people of diverse social and economic status, animals, classical gods, and putti. For instance, at lower left a figure of Hermes stands in front of a dog and merchants selling their wares. An early modern writer like Shakespeare might have used this stage-like image as inspiration for the conception of Italy at this time.

Antonio Salamanca

Johannes Stabius

[Hemisphere] 1515; Augsburg, 1781 Novacco 6F 1

When we look at mathematician Johannes Stabius’s map, we can see at once that it represents half of the globe. The map, the woodcut made by none other than Albrecht Dürer, is the first known use of the orthographic projection, which recreates the appearance of the Earth from space. Stabius’s image may have been based on Martin Behaim’s globe of 1492, the oldest known terrestrial globe, and probably was meant to celebrate the possibilities of mathematical transformations of three-dimensional space to a flat piece of paper. No copies from the sixteenth century are known, but the woodblocks survived long enough to be published in a new edition of 1781.

and Albrecht Dürer

Matteo Pagano

[Map of the Piedmont region, detailing the Po and Sesia River Valleys] [Venice?: ca. 1540]

21 x 15½ in.

Novacco 4F 312

The Novacco Collection holds a rich treasury of sixteenth-century maps of Italian provinces. Most of these emerged from the intense interest of the rulers of the rival city-states and principalities that made up Italy in administrative and military cartography. This is the earliest printed map of the northwestern Italian province of Piedmont, most of which belonged to the Duchy of Savoy. The Venetian mapmaker likely published the map in response to the threat to Piedmont posed by the French King Francis I and the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, who were negotiating to carve up Savoy and Piedmont. The map almost looks as if it were drawn from the air, but the map is not a true perspectival view, as the scale between places is consistent throughout.

Giacomo Gastaldi

Il Disegno della geografia moderna de tutta la parte dell’ Africa

Venice: Fabius Licinius, 1564 42¼ x 57 in.

Novacco map 8F 13

Working mostly in the service of the ruling elites of the Republic of Venice, Giacomo Gastaldi (1500–66) produced more than one hundred printed maps between 1544 and 1568. When it appeared in 1564, his map of Africa was the largest of the continent ever published. In the preceding century, Portuguese navigators fundamentally redrew the European picture of the coastal outline of Africa. Gastaldi also included new information based on the compilation of travel accounts gathered by his mentor Giovanni Battista Ramusio in Navigationi et Viaggi (1550–59). His depiction of the interior of the continent still showed the influence of the ancient maps of Africa by Ptolemy. The Nile, for example, rises from two lakes situated among the semimythical Mountains of the Moon. Unlike Ptolemy, however, Gastaldi posited that the westernmost lake, identified as both “Lago de Zaire” and “Lago de Zembere,” was the source not only of one branch of the Nile, but also of three other great rivers of central and southern Africa, which he names the Zaire (Congo), Cuama (Zambezi), and Spirito Sancto (Limpopo).

Paolo Forlani

Il Disegno del discoperto della Noua Franza Venice: Bolognini Zaltieri, 1566. Novacco 2F 13

Venice was the most important center of map publishing in Italy (and all of Europe) in the mid-sixteenth century. It was home to Giacomo Gastaldi, Paolo Forlani, Matteo Pagano, and many others. Europeans knew little of the outlines of North America, and even less about its interior, and this was among the first printed maps to depict the continent as a separate geographical subject. It is only the second map to show a “Strait of Anian,” separating the northwestern coast from eastern Asia, first proposed by Gastaldi in 1561. This strait was largely conjecture (though not of course to the Indigenous people of Alaska and Siberia), but the idea took hold. The continent is named New France after the name given to northeastern regions claimed by France after the voyages of Jacques Cartier in the 1530s–40s. Most of the interior details, however, were based on Spanish accounts of their encounters with Native North Americans.

Fernando Bertelli

La Rotta dell’armata Turchesca

Venice: Bertelli, 1572 406

16 x 25½ in.

Novacco 4F 108

This densely packed engraving of a naval battle between European Catholic and Ottoman Turkish forces commemorates the Battle of Lepanto in the Gulf of Patras. As the inscription at upper right tells us, the sea battle culminated on October 7, 1571 “with the victory of the Christians.” Published by Fernando Bertelli, a prominent Venetian printmaker who produced numerous books and single-sheet engravings on a variety of topics, one could imagine this large-scale print hanging on the wall or folded into albums amongst maps and images of sieges. The ships in the print are identified by flags representing the Habsburg coats of arms, the Venetian symbol of St. Mark, and the Ottoman crescent and star. A boat of Turks in the lower right retreats out of the frame of the image, making clear visually the European defeat of the so-called infidel.

Nicolas de Fer, Hendrik van Loon, and Nicolas Guérard L’Amerique divisée selon l’etendue se ses principales parties Paris: de Fer, 1705 3’x4’

Novacco 8F 2

Though the great majority of maps in the Novacco Collection were Italian publications issued before 1650, there are also several rare and important maps dating from the eighteenth century. Nicolas de Fer was a prolific publisher of maps and atlases based in Paris. His large map of the Americas is among the most famous of his works, in part because of the lavish illustrations by Nicolas Guérard. The first edition of the map, published in 1698, introduced (at upper left) an iconic image of a troop of beavers preparing a dam with almost military regimentation. Niagara Falls appears in the distance, which was much copied by later cartographers. Backed in heavy canvas, the margin of the map is lined with rusted nail holes that show that this copy from 1705 had once been framed and mounted on a wall. By this time, Europeans had learned much about the interior geography of both North and South Americas, but some misconceptions, such as the depiction of California as an island, persisted.

Novacco Collection

The

was digitized with the generous support of Mr. and Mrs. Rudy L. Ruggles, Jr. and Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps.

By Haku Blaisdell

Teaching Indigenous History

An Interview with Meredith McCoy

Chicago is, and always has been, an Indigenous place. As Potawatomi, Odawa, Ojibwe, Peoria, Kaskaskia, Myaamia, Wea, Thakiwaki, and Meskwaki homelands, along with several other nations whose homelands intersect with present-day northeast Illinois, the Chicago area has long been a historic crossroads for many Indigenous peoples and continues to be home to an extensive urban Native community.

Recognizing this long history of Chicago as an Indigenous space, members of the Newberry Library, Carleton College, the Chicago American Indian Community Collaborative (CAICC), and the Chicago Native community have embarked on a multiyear project known as Indigenous Chicago. Supported by generous grants from the Mellon Foundation, The Richard H. Driehaus Foundation, the Whiting Foundation, the Terra Foundation for American Art, and the Research for Indigenous Social Action and Equity (RISE) Center at the University of Michigan, the project explores the city’s Native histories in a public history context, all while centering Indigenous voices, laying bare stories of settlercolonialism, and gesturing toward Indigenous futures.

Chicago continues to be home to one of the largest urban Indigenous communities in the United States. This photo, taken by the Bureau of Indian Affairs in the mid-twentieth century, shows two women and their children in Chicago.

Since 2020, the Indigenous Chicago team has been hosting listening sessions to ensure that Native community members are involved in the brainstorming, development, and execution of the project. In 2024, there will be an exhibition at the Newberry, a website with an interactive map, curricular materials for K-12 students, new oral histories, scholarly and public programming, and more.

“Native peoples and communities are the best representatives of their own histories and cultures, and our partners will lead the way as we identify new opportunities to deepen our relationships with Indigenous nations, support Native-led research, and remove structural barriers to collections held at the Newberry,” said Rose Miron, Director of the Newberry’s D’Arcy McNickle Center for American Indian and Indigenous Studies.

Meredith McCoy (Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa descent) has been working with Miron and the rest of the Indigenous Chicago team to plan the curricular materials that will be used to help K-12 teachers teach Native history to their students. McCoy is an Assistant Professor of American Studies and History at Carleton College. Her research focuses on how Indigenous people have long repurposed tools of settler colonial violence to promote their rights and preserve their cultures. As a Frances C. Allen Fellow at the Newberry in 2018, McCoy utilized archival materials related to the federal government’s program to relocate Native people from reservations to American cities in the mid-twentieth century. From there, McCoy’s involvement with the Indigenous Chicago project began.

The Newberry Magazine recently interviewed Meredith McCoy about her work and involvement with the Indigenous Chicago project. The interview has been edited for clarity.

Newberry Magazine: Can you tell us a little bit about yourself, your background, and the work that you do now?

Meredith McCoy: I’m a professor of Indigenous Studies at Carleton College, where my official title is Assistant Professor of American Studies and History.

My research is mostly about histories of federal policies for Native students, the histories of education, and how Native families and communities and students have repurposed policies that were intended for their assimilation or destruction into tools that can actually be used towards Indigenous life. My work thinks about how we as Native people often find ourselves in these constraints of settler systems, but despite that, we’ve always navigated those spaces strategically and planned for a future that we will be in.

I’m also a former middle school teacher—I’m a teacher at heart. I see another part of my work as translating research that’s happening in history spaces into examples that are accessible to K-12 teachers.

Maybe the best part of my job is the work that I get to do with students at Carleton. I teach courses about the ethics of research partnerships with Native people, about histories of Indigenous activism, histories of education for Native students, as well as a course that allows students to get into the Carleton archives and learn about the history of Carleton as an Indigenous space.

The Indigenous Chicago project that I work on at the Newberry with Rose, Analú López (Guachichil/Xi’úi, Ayer Indigenous Studies Librarian), Sarah Jimenez (M’Chigeeng First Nation, D’Arcy McNickle Program Coordinator), and Blaire Morseau (Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Nation, consultant for the McNickle Center) fits into my work as part of my second book project. In 2018, I was still a graduate student, and I was at the Newberry on a fellowship for Native women. With the support of Analú and the Newberry’s Ayer Collection, I researched relocation [of Native people to American cities under a program run by the federal government] and what that was like for my tribal community. My dad is a citizen of the Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians in North Dakota. That research grew into this longer partnership and my participation in the Indigenous Chicago project.

Meredith McCoy

Newberry Magazine: The Indigenous Chicago project involves so many people and groups, including Carleton College, the Newberry Library, Chicago American Indian Community Collaborative (CAICC), and members of the Chicago Native community. Can you tell us more about the collaborative nature of this project? Why is this important?

Meredith McCoy: Rose, Analú, Sarah, Blaire, and I didn’t decide that we wanted to pursue the project. Rather, we decided that we wanted to ask the community if they wanted us to pursue it. For us as folks who do work in Indigenous Studies spaces, it felt like a really important ethical choice given the long history of researchers deciding what they’re going to do for Native communities and not asking them.

Before we even started this project, we held a big community meal. Indigenous communities gather over food. We got everybody together, worked with an Indigenous caterer from this area, fed everybody, and just talked about the possibilities for this project. The very first question we posed was, Would a project that traces the long history of Chicago as an Indigenous space—one that might have components of school materials, museum exhibits, digital mapping, oral histories—be of utility to the Chicago Native community? All we were looking for in that first meeting was a “yes” or “no.”

What we heard from the community was “yes.” From there, we asked folks who had been at that meeting and other community members if they could recommend anyone that they thought should be on the advisory board to make sure we go about this in a good way.

We ended up with a list of about 30 people who agreed to be on the advisory board. We eventually had a hybrid (in-person

and virtual) convening with our advisory board members, and in that meeting, we profiled the different possible components and subcommittees within the larger project, like curricular resources, oral histories, and more. We’re now at a place where each of the subcommittees is meeting on their schedule based on their specific needs and what we’re trying to create.

It was important to us that our advisory board members be compensated in a way that felt ethical and honorable, so we’ve been able to apply for several external grants to support this work.

It was important to us as we built out the advisory board that we reach out to folks who identify Chicago as their home, whether they’re part of the urban intertribal community that Chicago is known for now, or whether they’re from Native nations whose homelands are what we now understand as Chicago. We’ve been in communication with and have representatives of multiple Native communities who claim Chicago as their space.

Newberry Magazine: Why is it important to expand the public’s understanding of Chicago’s Indigenous past and present?

Meredith McCoy: 87percent of school curricula only talk about Native people prior to the year 1900. Until this past year, Illinois was one of the states whose standards had no mention of Native people at all. The state has recently undergone some standards revisions, but that’s very recent. There’s a significant problem nationwide with Indigenous erasure.

Stephanie Fryberg is a Tulalip researcher, and she said that invisibility is the modern form of racism against Native people. When we were having conversations with the Chicago Native

Photographs from the Newberry’s 1985 “Seeing Indian in Chicago” exhibition document the Chicago American Indian community from the 1950s-1980s. In this photograph by Peter Weil, three attendees at the 1961 Chicago Conference Powwow are seen chatting between dances.

community, that issue of people feeling like they’re not seen came up, like they’re not reflected. Part of what we’re trying to do with the Indigenous Chicago project is increase the visibility of the Chicago Native community in a way that is reflective of how they see themselves.

Of course, that has implications for all kinds of things. We know the kinds of racism that results from the invisibility of Native people, when they’re not seen as modern thriving people. It has implications for what programs and communities get funded. There are lots of things that this is going to have implications for, and we think it’s really critical that as the issue of Native visibility becomes a national issue, it also gains traction in Chicago.

Also, Chicago is a location where you’ve got a Native mascot issue. Increasing people’s understanding of Native people as not caricatures is important in a local context, too.

Newberry Magazine: Part of this educational effort involves an aspect of truth-telling around the roles that the United States government and other institutions have played in perpetuating settler colonial violence. How do you plan to do this or enact this truth-telling in your involvement with the project?

Meredith McCoy: I think curriculum is a powerful vehicle for telling the truth. Young children are infinitely more capable of handling nuance and difficult content than we usually give them credit for. Young people also have such a clear sense of justice for what is and is not fair. When we’re thinking about telling these hard histories in a way that is accessible to young people, we can think about things like reading levels, writing levels, and the kind of vocabulary that we use, but we also need to trust that they can handle the content.

As we’re developing these curricular resources, we’re looking to the Chicago Native community to identify the topics and the resources that they would like us to focus on and teachers to be talking about. We also know that part of that involves supporting teachers and building their sense of confidence in approaching this content in their classrooms. So, truth-telling is both speaking directly to the kids through the materials and speaking to the teachers.

What we want to do is make sure that teachers feel confident, supported, and clear in their own understanding of the material, so that they can deliver this content with their students in a way that feels like they’re able to support them. This work is never done in isolation. We’re always in a community of parents, students, teachers, school administrators, faculty—all working together to make sure this is done in a good way. That’s when education is at its best.

The other constituency that I mentioned is families. Part of this project is helping families understand why truth-telling is important and valuable for their kids, and it does our children a disservice when we don’t allow them to know the full truth of the place that they live.

Newberry Magazine: How do you think this project will change the relationship that we have with the city of Chicago? How will learning about this history, seeing this history in a new way, and seeing Chicago as an Indigenous place change our relationship with the city?

Meredith McCoy: There are going to be so many ways for people who are in Chicago (and beyond, since there will be digital components as well) to engage with this project. It’s incredible to me

how shocked many people are when they learn that Native people are still here.

Once people do know that we’re here, they then need to start thinking about some really important issues. They need to start thinking about tribal sovereignty and how they, in their daily lives and the structures around them, might see where tribal sovereignty is being exercised. It’s important for people to see that our governments in our Native nations and our organizing structures in our urban spaces are actively promoting Indigenous autonomy—whether that’s through food sovereignty, reclaiming lands, or creating educational spaces that are culturally sustaining for our youth. It’s important that people see us as contemporary and capable. Also, Indigenous models of governance and education are good for everyone.

Thinking about how this project might shift the general public’s understanding of Native people, I hope they understand that what we are articulating and fighting for is a future for all our communities. What is good for us is good for everyone.

Newberry Magazine: You mentioned earlier that you were a Newberry fellow from 2018–19. Are there any connections from that fellowship that you’re making in your work today?

Meredith McCoy: The fellowship I had was the Frances C. Allen Fellowship. The Newberry has such a remarkable reputation when it comes to Native studies. When I was late in graduate school and thinking about what came next, I kept getting this advice from mentors: you need to see how your work might be enriched by spending some time in the Newberry.

A young man gets ready for the 1969 Chicago Powwow. Photo by Orlando Cabanban.

When it came to independent libraries and national repositories, I wanted to look at records from my nation, Turtle Mountain. That was the initial connection point for me. Once I got into the archives and the relocation files specifically, one of the things that I noticed was that you absolutely do see evidence of federal coercion, you see evidence of the bureaucratic violence of convincing people to relocate and then not adequately supporting them. I also noticed how many times schools were mentioned in those kinds of government records, which reinforced for me this idea that relocation was not just about economics—it was also about parents trying to figure out what to do to support their children against a history of economic deprivation in our reservation communities.

In these materials, you also see examples of Native joy that pop out of these places where you don’t necessarily expect to find them. We’ve been highlighting some of these materials through the Newberry 101s [monthly “lunch and learn” virtual sessions with the Native community]. Some of the things we’ve been looking at are very colonial, like settler-made maps for example, but we’ve also got things like Powwow flyers from the 1970s, or relocation scrapbooks.

These scrapbooks in particular are sources that we have to read carefully, since these are often posed photographs that were taken for the purposes of convincing other Native people to relocate.

As Native historians and historians of Native studies, we’re doing this work of “reading between the lines” to find those moments of Native strategy and Native joy in the archive. One of the things that I hope comes out of the Indigenous Chicago project is the fact that “we are still here” does not just mean “we are still alive.” It means we are still a community, we are still joyful people,

and we have always used laughter to sustain ourselves and to make sense of and cope with colonial violence. I’m hoping that thread of joy comes through in the work that we’re doing, and that when people see us through this project, they get a sense of the history and a sense of our creative resilience.

Newberry Magazine: How do you stay motivated in this work?

Meredith McCoy: It’s all about community, all the time. As one of the researchers on the team, that sense of who I’m accountable to is a really strong motivating and sustaining factor. If I don’t do this well, there are ramifications for the community. It’s going to fall on the community just as much as it will on me. I do feel a sense of energy and sustenance by knowing who I’m responsible to in this work. I also feel that we get our energy by being around each other and in community—we feed each other both literally and metaphorically.

Also, going off what I just mentioned about joy—the idea that laughter is medicine resonates so palpably with me. When you get a whole bunch of us together, it doesn’t take long before we’re all giggling. I was just at an education convening in Kansas, and Comanche scholar Cornel Pewewardy was there. He said to us, “When you’re doing this kind of work, you need to think about where your medicine is coming from, where your power is coming from. Where is your medicine and power coming from to do this work?” For me, that’s my community.

With the aim of encouraging Native families to move from their reservations to urban areas, the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) issued promotional materials and photographs as part of their expanded relocation program. Most of these BIA photographs, like the ones above, are of families who relocated to Chicago.

The Recent Past

The Return of Book Fair

After a two-year hiatus, the Newberry Book Fair returned this summer, to the delight of book lovers across the Chicagoland area. A selection of 40,000 used books in 70 different categories brought thousands of shoppers to the Newberry throughout the final weekend of July.

Everything for sale at the volunteer-led Book Fair was generously donated, with proceeds supporting the Newberry’s mission to foster a deeper understanding of our world through research and learning. We are now accepting donations of used books and other materials for the 2023 Book Fair.

The 2022 Pattis Family Foundation Chicago Book Award

In a public event on the Newberry’s front steps on Saturday, July 30, author Dawn Turner accepted the 2022 Pattis Family Foundation Chicago Book Award. Turner, the author of Three Girls from Bronzeville, is the first recipient of the annual award. “Three Girls from Bronzeville is a bracing memoir that illustrates how race, class, and geography intersect to shape both communities and the individual lives of three women in Chicago,” said Daniel Greene, President and Librarian of the Newberry. “Dawn Turner’s storytelling embodies the spirit of the Pattis Chicago Book Award, which seeks to advance understanding of our city among readers.”

The Newberry is now accepting nominations for the 2023 award.

Shoppers browse the selection of books at the 2022 Newberry Book Fair. Photo by Anne Ryan.

After receiving the 2022 Pattis Family Foundation Chicago Book Award, author Dawn Turner discusses her award-winning book, Three Girls from Bronzeville, with Newberry President Daniel Greene. Photos by Anne Ryan.

Canoeing on the Chicago River

For four weeks this summer, graduate students affiliated with the Newberry Consortium in American Indian and Indigenous Studies (NCAIS) learned about long-held Indigenous relationships to land and water. Through readings and conversations, participants trained themselves to view waterways such as the Chicago River from Indigenous perspectives. Then they got a chance to apply what they learned at the Newberry on a canoe trip along the river.

“We spent the morning canoeing on the Chicago River after a week of reading about canoes as vessels for Indigenous knowledge and for understanding the past and imagining the future,” said Kelly Wisecup, a 2021–22 Newberry Long-Term Fellow and one of the coordinators of this year’s NCAIS summer program. “Canoeing requires collaboration, balance, and communication between the paddlers, and we felt this firsthand as we paddled up the river.”

Graduate students with the Newberry Consortium for American Indian and Indigenous Studies canoe the Chicago River as part of a summer research program. Photos by Anne Ryan.

The Recent Past

Celebrating the History of Bughouse Square

On August 27, we gathered across the street from the Newberry to celebrate the rich history of Chicago’s oldest public park, Washington Square Park (also known as Bughouse Square). The park was once a cow path where farmers would bring their cattle for water. Over the years, Bughouse Square transformed into a dynamic gathering place that encouraged freedom of expression. For soapboxers, poets, artists, and activists of all stripes, the park became a stage where Chicagoans could discuss issues, perform, entertain, and enjoy warm summer days.

The day’s activities embodied this history of storytelling and gathering that makes the park so distinctive. As families enjoyed summer snacks and activities like bubble making and bean bag toss, prominent Chicagoans recalled and re-enacted significant milestones in the storied history of Bughouse Square. Their presentations were accompanied by music from different eras spun by DJ Dan Maloney and moderated by the Newberry’s Karen Christianson. Activist and actor Alma Washington performed a historic Lucy Parsons presentation, honoring Parsons’s advocacy for labor unions and women’s rights. Gay rights activist and founder of the Chicago Gay Alliance Gary Chichester recalled Chicago’s first Pride Parade, which embarked from Washington Square Park in 1970. Chicago Tribune reporter Rick Kogan paid tribute to his late friend and former honorary “Mayor of Bughouse Square” Studs Terkel.

This event was a testament not only to the park’s vast history and significance to the city, but also to the park’s continued legacy as a gathering place for Chicagoans.

Alma Washington delivered a moving Lucy Parsons performance focused on Parsons’s work around labor unions and women’s rights.

Founder of the Chicago Gay Alliance Gary Chichester recalls the first Pride Parade, which embarked from Washington Square Park in 1970.

The day’s speakers posed with our historical photo banner, which featured symbols of the park’s rich history.

From left to right: Rick Kogan, Alma Washington, Gary Chichester, and Karen Christianson.

The event was supported by the Chicago Free for All Fund at The Chicago Community Trust.

The Newberry Annual Report 2021–22

Letter from the Chair and the President

Dear Newberry Friends and Supporters,

Fiscal year 2022 at the Newberry saw significant accomplishments, innovations, and planning. Despite ongoing challenges of the pandemic, our staff and Board members have continued to move forward in important ways—fully reopening and resuming many in-person activities, investing in digital resources and remote access to our programs and collections, and collaborating on a vision to guide the library’s future.

In June 2022, the Board approved a new strategic plan, which will guide our work for the next five years. The plan identifies four pillars upon which all our work rests:

1) Advance and Disseminate Knowledge

2) Build, Diversify, and Sustain Communities of Learning

3) Grow, Preserve, and Increase Access to the Collection

4) Strengthen Institutional Health

The plan also articulates the values that define everything we do at the Newberry: Curiosity, Knowledge, Service, Relevance, and Belonging. In adopting the plan, the Board approved a revised mission statement for the library, which reads:

The Newberry Library—free and open to the public—fosters a deeper understanding of our world by inspiring research and learning in the humanities and encouraging conversations about ideas that matter to diverse audiences. Our mission is rooted in a growing and accessible collection of rare and historical materials that spans more than six centuries of human experience.

In the process of developing the strategic plan, several themes emerged. First, we recognize that our historically significant collection must be relevant to today’s conversations across multiple communities. Second, our work must focus on bridging divides—creating interactions between scholars and the public; connecting past, present, and future; and bringing diverse perspectives into shared conversations. Third, the Newberry is part of a larger community of cultural and research institutions; the more we collaborate with our peers, the more the value of our resources will be appreciated. Finally, we have continued to focus on advancing diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) initiatives at the Newberry across all aspects of our work.

We have made significant progress toward the Newberry’s DEI goals, even as we recognize that this important work is ongoing and evolving. Newberry staff members piloted a project to address offensive language in catalog records, developed and distributed an “Instruction Toolkit” that provides guidelines and examples for incorporating DEI topics into pedagogical activities, and updated signage for inclusivity and accessibility throughout the building. As part of their ongoing work, many departments have been working independently to

Burton X. Rosenberg, Chair, Board of Trustees, and Daniel Greene, President and Librarian

diversify programmatic offerings, audiences, and Newberry collections. Simultaneously, the Newberry Board’s DEI Committee completed a detailed Board Demographic Survey which identified gaps in the Board’s makeup and will guide future recruitment efforts to diversify the membership of our Board.

A key component of the strategic plan is to expand awareness of the Newberry and grow our audiences. Last year we made great strides to help us attract new users. One newly launched project is The Pattis Family Foundation Chicago Book Award at the Newberry Library, which will be presented annually to a book that transforms public understanding of Chicago, its history, or its people. Nearly fifty books were nominated in 2021, with Dawn Turner’s Three Girls from Bronzeville being recognized as the award winner and honored at a Newberry public program in July 2022. We hope that this award—the most lucrative Chicago book award at any institution—will become the most prestigious book award in the city, helping to raise the profile of the library.

We also made significant technology improvements this past year, including equipment upgrades to many of our classrooms and meeting spaces. New equipment allows us to livestream public programs from the building, and we are now hosting hybrid seminars and classes, with some participants meeting in person while others join virtually. These advancements create greater opportunities for engagement with our global community. We spent much of the last year laying the groundwork for a website redesign. The new site, launched in October 2022, provides visitors a more inviting, seamless experience as they explore all that is available to them at the Newberry. In conjunction with the website redesign, we also launched a new digital asset management system in 2022, improving how users access our vast virtual collections and tens of thousands of digital assets.

In the following pages you can read more about the impressive work by Newberry staff this past year. Their accomplishments are setting us up to successfully meet the ambitious goals articulated in the strategic plan. Such plans succeed when the sense of ownership is broad and genuine among all who intend to carry out its aims. Newberry staff has already begun to view their own work through the lens of the plan. We look forward to partnering with our donors, volunteers, readers, and friends as we move the Newberry forward.

Thank you again for supporting the Newberry this year, and into the future.

Sincerely,

Burton X. Rosenberg, Chair, Board of Trustees

Daniel Greene, President and Librarian

Public Engagement

In 2021–22, we continued to think expansively about broadening the scope and appeal of the classes and programs we produce, while balancing in-person and virtual programming. Our adult education program recruited 20 new and diverse instructors, each bringing exciting subject expertise. Notable offerings this year included courses on the transatlantic slave trade, Latin American mystery novels, the history of witch-hunts, the history of high heels, and new writing workshops. The adult education classes welcomed 2,011 students in 2021–22. While most came from the nearby region, online classes included participants from 36 other states, Canada, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom.

The Exhibitions Department produced five well-received exhibitions. Attendance numbers for both major exhibitions— Chicago Avant-Garde and Crossings: Mapping American Journeys—were near pre-pandemic levels. In addition to a traditional “From the Stacks” rotation, two thematic exhibitions were on view in the Hanson Gallery: Chicago Reader: A Half-Century of Revolutionary Storytelling and Handmaidens for Travelers: The Pullman Company Maids. These two exhibitions—which were curated in partnership with the Chicago Reader and Miriam Thaggert, Associate Professor of English at the University of Buffalo, respectively—demonstrated how the Newberry galleries are collaborative spaces where we build new partnerships and welcome multiple voices.

Public Programs also connected our communities to significant ideas in the humanities. Our programs welcomed notable authors and leaders in their fields, such as Pulitzer Prize winner Louise Erdrich, and Tiya Miles, winner of the 2021 National Book Award for Nonfiction for All That She Carried: The Journey of Ashley’s Sack, a Black Family Keepsake. We continued our efforts to step outside of the Newberry’s walls, hosting a bike tour exploring public art in Chicago related to Latin American revolutions; a progressive reading of selected chapters from James Joyce’s Ulysses at locations around the city; and numerous programs just across the street in Washington Square Park. All of our public programs aim to use the Newberry’s collection and expertise to ask enduring questions that resonate in contemporary society.

Looking ahead, the Department of Public Engagement will continue experimenting with new, engaging, and interactive formats. Our goal is to produce exceptional offerings that speak to the Newberry’s collection strengths while providing a platform for thought leaders, authors, historians, artists, and performers to engage in meaningful conversations with the public.

Visitors attend opening night of Chicago Avant-Garde: Five Women Ahead of Their Time.

5,561 friends of the Newberry attended free public programs (63% virtually and 37% in-person).

12,000 views of online recordings of our public programs. 2,011 students participated in 120 adult education classes (93% virtually and 7% in-person).

76,951 people followed the Newberry across all social media channels.

Exhibition visitors view Handmaidens for Travelers: The Pullman Company Maids. The exhibition was on view through September 2022.

Chicago Public School teachers learn about the Pullman Company during a professional development seminar led by scholar Miriam Thaggert.

Research and Education

Staff in Research and Education serve a broad range of users, including research fellows, teachers, undergraduate students, and faculty members. Last year was a period of adaptation as staff fostered new and existing relationships while pivoting from fully virtual programming to in-person and hybrid interactions with our many constituencies.

We were thrilled to welcome our cohort of long-term and short-term fellows to the building for the first time since 2019–20. Though we are proud of the hybrid and remote work accomplished in 2020–21, the community-building that happened in-person is a testament to the ineffable qualities of residential fellowships.

The Newberry Library Undergraduate Seminar (NLUS) also returned to the building, with twenty students from DePaul, Loyola, Roosevelt, and University of Illinois Chicago enrolled in a seminar on “Writing Migration: Chicago, Haymarket to 1968.” At the end of April, we celebrated the twenty-fifth anniversary of the NLUS program with a reception for current NLUS students, alumni, faculty, and university administrators.

Our research centers focused on community partnerships, conferences, and exhibitions. The McNickle Center for American Indian and Indigenous Studies continued to build connections with partners in the local Indigenous communities, hosting monthly sessions that invited community members to learn more about Newberry collection materials and advise on how to make them even more discoverable. The Center for Renaissance Studies co-hosted conferences at Emory University in Atlanta and at the University of Bologna, in addition to their onsite programs at the Newberry. The Program in Chicago Studies and the Smith Center for the History of Cartography took center stage with the mounting of two major exhibitions: Chicago Avant-Garde: Five Women Ahead of Their Time and Crossings: Mapping American Journeys. And all four centers continued to serve scholars in their fields through a variety of conferences and seminars.

Teacher Programs continued to produce new online educational resources for K-12 teachers, expanding the Digital Collections for the Classroom site by adding four collection essays and 29 new classroom exercises. Staff also planned for the return of in-person professional development programs for teachers, piloting a series of seminars for teachers and administrators in the Chicago Public Schools.

We are proud of the work we do to bring scholars, teachers, and learners together and to connect them and their work with the wider public. We hope to strengthen these relationships and collaborations in the year ahead.

Teachers have a conversation during a professional development seminar at the Newberry.

Graduate students from the Newberry Consortium in American Indian and Indigenous Studies view a map from the Newberry collection during a summer research program at the library.

“I came into the fellowship feeling very burned out by the past few years, and I am leaving it with a renewed sense of what matters about humanities and archival research.”

52 fellows (15 long-term and 37 short-term) furthered their research in-person at the Newberry. 1,268 participants attended 51 scholarly seminars. 39,000 users visited the Digital Collections for the Classroom site.

102 scholars attended in-person research workshops presented by the Center for Renaissance Studies.

Undergraduate student in the 2022 Newberry Library Undergraduate Seminar

“The time in the archives was something I wouldn’t change for anything, and has inspired me in my career goals.”

Kelly Wisecup, 2021–22 Newberry Consortium for American Indian Studies and Mellon Foundation Fellow

Annie Lemieux, NLUS student

Long-Term Fellow Kelly Wisecup in the Newberry’s Special Collections Reading Room

Collection Access and Service to Readers

The Newberry’s collection lies at the heart of all we do.

Over the past year, we expanded access to the collection while maintaining our excellent service and continuing efforts to prioritize staff and reader safety.

In several phases, Reader Services staff lifted the requirement for reading room appointments, restored Saturday hours and pre-COVID capacity, and resumed class visits and collection presentations. Overall library usage and the demand for collection presentations increased exponentially, and we are delighted to see our reading rooms busy with researchers once again.

Even as we return to full service in our reading rooms, we continue to recognize the many opportunities that exist for connecting with researchers online. To ease access to our digitized collection materials, our Digital Initiatives and Services (DIS) department launched a new digital asset management system in autumn 2022. Accompanying the migration of materials to this new site, the DIS team also updated and improved many of our most frequently used digital resources, such as our Digital Collections for the Classroom, Newberry Transcribe, and Chicago Ancestors. We’ve also continued to digitize new materials, such as the Franco Novacco Map Collection and materials related to the history of social protest in Chicago.

Collections and Library Services staff also continued their work to make the Newberry’s collection accessible and welcoming to all users. Our cataloging team updated records for many materials to remove offensive and outdated terminology. We installed new, accessible microfilm machines in our reading rooms. And we created a new position of Outreach Librarian to enhance our class visits and collection presentations for students of all ages.

Staff across the division worked collaboratively to tackle the Newberry’s longstanding need for additional storage space for the collection. After much planning, we signed an agreement for remote collection storage with the Center for Research Libraries in the Hyde Park neighborhood, which will begin in the fall of 2022. This

agreement will allow us to store our growing collection safely, while ensuring that researchers have multiple ways of accessing off-site materials.

Staff continue to find innovative ways to bring the collection to life for all users, whether in the reading rooms or visiting the Newberry virtually. Our collection is a source of inspiration, conversation, and collaboration, and we remain committed to expanding access to it and continuing to bring in new acquisitions.

Newberry staff and fellows study books from the early modern era in the Special Collections Reading Room.

A group from the American Bar Foundation views items documenting the early history of Chicago.

Growing the Collection

The Newberry added 4,501 items to the collection in 2021–22, which include diverse voices and perspectives. The small sampling below suggests the broad range of acquisitions and gifts.

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Commentariorum de bello Aphrodisiensi libri quinque (Rome: 1552), a book with maps about Charles V’s conquest of Tunisia, complementing a 1530s Tunis map that the Newberry purchased several years ago.

1,130 titles were cataloged, making them accessible to researchers.

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The Black Book Directory, published in 1970 in Chicago by Donald C. Walker, a media entrepreneur who dedicated his life to uplifting African American businesses.

The archive of Chicago’s Standard Club—our largest donation of the year at thirty-five linear feet—and the records of Chicago’s Dinkel’s Bakery, which recently closed after 100 years.

2,685 new readers registered to use the Newberry’s collection. 8,188 reference requests were fielded by Newberry librarians and curators. 1,278 items were treated by our Conservation team.

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The “Pop-Up” Pinocchio by Harold B. Lentz (New York: Blue Ribbon Books, 1932), donated as part of the bequest of longtime Newberry staff member Richard (Dick) Holbrook Brown.

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A group of Mexican manuscripts including a 1546 document from Mexico City, four eighteenthcentury documents related to the shrine of Our Lady of Guadalupe, and a group of thirteen orders and letters from 1811 by José María Morelos, leader in the Mexican War of Independence, donated by the estate of Max and Sheila Putzel.

National Endowment for the Humanities Fellow Amy Huang studies materials related to Buffalo Bill’s Wild West show.

Finances and Fundraising

Thanks to the generosity of more than 2,000 donors, 2021–22 was another successful fundraising year for the library. We are grateful to our community for its continued support of our mission.

The Newberry raised more than $7.5 million in 2021–22, an increase over the prior year. Our total number of donors also grew by 6%, continuing a multi-year trend, and our retention of donors remains well above national averages. The Newberry’s Annual Fund, which provides critical support for our staff and our general operations, reached an impressive $1.936 million in fiscal year 2022, exceeding our budgeted goal.

We had significant successes raising funds to support digitization projects and infrastructure, including digitizing the Franco Novacco Map Collection, installing upgraded technology in many classrooms and meeting rooms, and adding new microfilm machines in the reading rooms. A generous challenge match on the occasion of the fifteenth anniversary of the Society of Collectors generated an impressive $180,000 to support collection acquisitions. We also continued to benefit from the generosity of numerous donors who included the Newberry in their estate plans, receiving more than $1.7 million in bequests.

This year also marked the post-COVID return of many of our in-person donor events at the Newberry, including our annual Award Celebration, which honored Ira Glass and This American Life . We were also overjoyed to see the return of our volunteers, who provide critical support to many of our activities throughout the library.

Thank you to all our friends who so generously support our staff and our mission. We are deeply grateful. More details on our financial position can be found on the following pages.

1,920 donors supported the Annual Fund, an increase of 6% over the previous year.

5,036 hours of services contributed by Newberry volunteers. 456 first-time donors supported the Newberry. 601 donors and friends joined us for in-person events such as Associates Night, the Blatchford Society event, and the Award Celebration. 90 donors contributed $10,000 or more, an increase of 12.5% in the number of major donors over the previous year.

Ira Glass and Daniel Greene in conversation at the 2022 Newberry Library Award Celebration.

Summary of Financial Position

Assets

2022

Cash and receivables $ 6,411 Investments 78,953 Land, buildings, equipment 15,863 O ther assets 800

Total asset s $102,026

Liabilities and net assets

Accounts payable and accrued expenses $ 817 Gift annuity liability 125 Contract liabilities 477 Paycheck Protection Program Loan –Bonds payable 1,666 Line of credit 4,400

Total liabilities 7,486

Net assets 94,541

For the year ended June 30, 2022, and for the year ended June 30, 2021 (000s omitted). 2021 $ 6,657 93,879 16,832 884 $ 118,252 $ 856 147 490 1,157 1,960 4,400 9,010 109,242 $ 118,252

Total liabilities and net assets $102,026

Finances and Fundraising

Summary of Activities

For the year ended June 30, 2022, and for the year ended June 30, 2021 (000s omitted).

2022

Revenues

Gifts and grants for operations $ 9,124

Gifts to endowment 79 Investment gain (loss) (12,930) Paycheck Protection Loan Forgiveness 1,157 Other revenues 1,533

Total revenues and other gains (1,036)

Expenditures

2021 $ 5,996 347 21,042 1,269 1,339 29,993 5,126 1,949 2,980 794 10,849 $ 19,144

Honor Roll of Donors

THE ANNUAL FUND

The following donors generously made gifts to the Annual Fund and are recognized as members of the President’s Fellows or Newberry Associates.

PRESIDENT’S CABINET ($25,000 AND ABOVE)

Roger and Julie Baskes

Joan and William Brodsky

Mr. T. Kimball Brooker

Jan and Frank Cicero, Jr.

The Crown Family

Alice and Richard Godfrey

Dr. Hanna H. Gray

Victoria J. Herget and Robert K. Parsons

Celia and David Hilliard

Dr. Elizabeth Amy Liebman

The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

Cindy and Stephen Mitchell

Janis W. and John K. Notz, Jr. Dr. Gail Kern Paster

The Pattis Family Foundation

Christine and Michael Pope

Roy and Irene Rettinger Foundation

Sheli Z. Rosenberg and Burton X. Rosenberg

Mr. and Mrs.* Rudy L. Ruggles, Jr. Karla Scherer

The Smart Family Foundation of Illinois, Inc.

Mr. David B. Smith, Jr. and M s. Ilene T.Weinreich

Harold B. Smith*

Ms. Carol Warshawsky

PRESIDENT’S CIRCLE ($10,000–$24,999)

Edith Rasmussen Ahern and Patrick Ahern

Mr. Gregory L. Barton

Charles H. and Bertha L. Boothroyd Foundation

Buchanan Family Foundation

Marcy and Greg Carlin

Lew Collens and Nancy Sindelar

Celine Fitzgerald

Julius N. Frankel Foundation

Ms. Carla J. Funk

James J. and Louise R. Glasser

John R. Halligan Charitable Fund

Helen M. Harrison Foundation

Mark and Meg Hausberg

Robert A. Holland

Professor Lawrence Lipking Barry MacLean

Mr. Stephen A. MacLean

Professor James H. Marrow and D r. Emily Rose

Andrew and Jeanine McNally David E. McNeel

Jean E. Perkins and Leland E. Hutchinson

Mr. Don Phillips and Ms. Anne Phillips

Mr. John P. Rompon and Ms. Marian E. Casey John W.* and Jeanne M. Rowe Ms. Maggie Savarino Mrs. David Savner Mr. and Mrs. Richard D. Siragusa Nancy and Richard Spain Carl W. Stern and Holly Hayes Liz Stiffel

Yellow-crowned Foundation Anonymous (2)

PRESIDENT’S SENIOR FELLOWS ($5,000–$9,999)

Allstate Insurance Company

Tom and Melanie Berg

Mr. and Mrs. Edward M. Blair, Jr. Rob Carlson and Paul Gehl Nancy Raymond Corral Dr. and Mrs. Tapas K. Das Gupta John and Michele Donley

Mr.* and Mrs. Richard J. Franke

Mr. and Mrs. Christopher B. Galvin Sue and Melvin Gray

Daniel Greene and Lisa Meyerowitz

Mr. and Mrs. Michael Keiser Donor Advised Fund

Ann C. Bates Kittle

Laura Baskes Litwin and Stuart Litwin

Ms. Sonya Malunda and D r. E. Charles Lampley

Ms. Susan Nagarkatti

Ken* and Jossy Nebenzahl

Professor Jean M. O’Brien

Professor and Mrs. Larrance M. O’Flaherty

Abby McCormick O’Neil and D aniel Carroll Joynes

Martha Roth and Bryon Rosner

Ms. Alice Schreyer

Mr. and Mrs. Thomas C. Sheffield, Jr. Christian Vinyard Gail and John Ward

PRESIDENT’S SUSTAINING

FELLOWS ($2,500–$4,999)

Dr. Ellen T. Baird

Robert Beasecker and Erika King

Dr. William H. Cannon, Jr. and M r. David Narwich

Holly and Bill Charles

Ms. Sharon P. Cole

Ms. Shawn M. Donnelley and D r. Christopher M. Kelly

Dr. William E. Engel

Professors Stephen and Verna Foster

Alan and Carol Greene

Margarete Gross

Ted Haffner

Dr. Malcolm H. Hast

Janet and Arthur Holzheimer

Ms. Pamela Hutul

Hindman Auctions—Silvia and Jay Krehbiel

Honor Roll of Donors

Ms. Susan A. Manning and M r. Douglas A. Doetsch

Ms. Helen Marlborough and M r. Harry J. Roper

Dr. Karole S. Mourek and M r. Anthony J. Mourek*

Ms. Paula Nickels

Ms. Audrey A. Niffenegger and M r. Eddie Campbell

Ms. Lynne R. Ostfeld

Ms. Sara N. Paretsky

Mr. Michael Payette

Father Peter J. Powell

Leonard and Arlene Rosenberg

Sahara Enterprises, Inc.

Mr. Brian Silbernagel and Ms. Teresa Snider Tom and Nancy Swanstrom

Dr. Marilyn Tarnow

Ms. Elizabeth Teich

Mr. and Mrs. Robert Wedgeworth, Jr. Thomas K. Yoder

Anonymous (3)

PRESIDENT’S SUPPORTING FELLOWS ($1,500–$2,499)

AMSTED Industries Foundation

Mr. Alan G. Artner

Benjamin Axelrad and Christy Bloom

Ms. Catharine D. Bell

Mr. Eric D. Benson

Joan and John Blew

Mr. and Mrs. Philip C. Calian

Mr. Charles T. Cullen

Mrs. Ariane Dannasch

Mr. David Dolan and M rs. Catherine A. Dolan

Kimberly A. Douglass

Eldred-Harland Charitable Fund at T he Chicago Community Foundation

Dr. Marilyn Ezri

Ms. Lynne Fisher

Dr. Michael P. Fitzsimmons

The Franklin Philanthropic Foundation

Bernard Friedman

Mr. Martin A. M. Gneuhs

Dr. Christopher J. Hagenah

Hjordis Halvorson and John Halvorson

Ms. Kay D. Hinn

Edward C. Hirschland

Mr. and Mrs. Craig Hutson Mrs. Patricia Jahn

Ivan and Kathy Kane

Professor and Mrs. Stanley N. Katz

Ms. Lou Levine

Ms. Brie Loskota

Jackie and Tom Morsch

The Charles W. Palmer Family Foundation

Joe and Jo Ann Paszczyk

Meredith Petrov

Nancy* and Alan Petrov Maridee Quanbeck

Ben and Nancy Randall

Ms. Penelope Rosemont and Mr. Paul Sievert Joyce and David Salsburg Mr. Roy Schreiber

Stephen A. and Marilyn Scott Adele Simmons

Robert Williams

Mr. Robert J. Zarse Anonymous (3)

SCHOLARS ($1,000–$1,499)

Professor Karen Barzman

Mr. Lloyd Betourney

Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Block Miss Kathleen Boege

Mr. and Mrs. Anthony Bowe Mr. and Mrs. Dean L. Buntrock

Mrs. Debra A. Butler and M r. Andrew J. Butler

Mr. Dennis Carlin

The Chicago Literary Club

Ms. Jaime L. Danehey and M r. William M. Hansen

The Dick Family Foundation

Nancie and Bruce Dunn

Mr. Henry Eggers

Mr. Michael L. Ellingsworth

Elizabeth Fama and John Cochrane

Sonja and Conrad Fischer

Ms. Mary Adrian Foster

Mr. Paul C. Gearen

Robert and Terese Gilford

Professor Timothy J. Gilfoyle and M s. Mary Rose Alexander

Cheryl and Hill Hammock

Neil Harris and Teri J. Edelstein

Mr. Thomas B. Harris

Elaine and Roger Haydock

Clark and Carolyn Hulse

Mr. D. Bradford Hunt

Jane and Don Hunt

Mr. and Mrs. Jay Jaffe Mr. Paul R. Judy

Jonathan and Nancy Lee Kemper Kovler Family Foundation

Dr. Javier Laguna

Mr. and Mrs. Henry L. Latkin

The Lawlor Foundation

Mrs. Judith Locke

Ms. Eileen Madden

Mr. Arthur M. Martin

Dr. Aislie B. McEnteggart

Laura McGrady

Ann and Christopher McKee

Mr. Robert Nauert and M s. Heidi Heller Kiesler

Ms. Sylvia Neil

Chris and Virginia Orndorff

Professor Jessie Ann Owens

Col (IL) Jennifer N. Pritzker IL ARNG (Ret)

Mrs. Madeline Rich

Mr. Charles R. Rizzo

Dr. Diana Robin

Mr. and Mrs. Thomas D. Rutherford

Mr. and Mrs. Eric Schaal

Ilene and Michael Shaw Charitable Trust Mrs. Anne D. Slade and Mr. Douglas Slade Ms. Mercedes K. Sparck Astrida and Steve Tantillo Mr. Peter Vale Anonymous (5)

HUMANISTS ($500–$999)

Ms. Denise Allen and Mr. Fred Lenn Altman Family Foundation

Rick and Marcia Ashton

Mr. Christopher Barer Bob and Trish Barr

Ms. Julie A. Bauer

Deborah H. and James P. Baughman

Ms. Virginia Bean and Mr. Ron Daley

Mr. Albert J. Beveridge

Dr. Heather E. Blair

Mr. and Mrs. Richard D. Bliss Ms. Marilin W. Brown

Professor Sarah L. Burns

Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Campbell Mr. and Mrs. Will Case Caxton Club

Mr. Donald R. Chauncey

Mr. George Christakes

Karen Ann Christianson and Robert Bionaz

Mr. and Mrs. Shevlin J. Ciral

Mr. and Mrs. Charles Claar

Dr. D. Stephen Cloyd Leigh and Doug Conant

Conrad Seipp Brewing Company

Ronald Corthell and Laura Bartolo

Dr. Walter J. Daly Ms. Nancy Dehmlow

Mr. and Mrs. Julian C. D’Esposito, Jr. Janet Wood Diederichs Mr. Andrew K. Dolan

Eliza and Timothy Earle David and Susan Eblen

Ms. Anne E. Egger

Mr. and Mrs. Charles Fanning Kamila Farshchi

Ms. Sharon Feigon and Mr. Steven Bialer Ms. Megan I. Fellman

Vince Firpo

Ms. Eloise C. Foster

Professor Lisa A. Freeman and M s. Heather Schmucker Dr. Muriel S. Friedman*

Mr. Elliott J. Gorn Donald and Jane Gralen Mr. Robert Guritz

The William M. Hales Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Errol Halperin Ms. Lee R. Hamilton

Mr. and Mrs. Charles Harper Dr. Randolph C. Head

William W. and Mary R. Heine Professor and Mrs. Richard H. Helmholz Mr. Roger C. Hinman

Ms. Suzanne L. Hoffman and M s. Rachael K. Smith

Drs. Donald and Ernestine Hopkins

Mr. and Mrs. Mark Hoppe

Mr. William O. Hunt, Jr. Dr. Sona Kalousdian and Dr. Ira D. Lawrence Ms. Mary Lou Karth

Professor Robert C. Ketterer Mr. James V. Klies John and Barbara Kowalczyk Tony Krueger Mr. Peter Lehman

Dr. Ruth F. MacKay

Philip R. May Laura McEnaney

Mr. and Mrs. Don H. McLucas, Jr. Ms. Patricia McMillen and Mr. Juan Martinez

Mr. Thomas J. Michalak and M s. Jo-Ann Michalak

Greg Miller and Edith Chen

Mr. Charles H. Mottier and Mr. Philip J. Vidal Professor Edward W. Muir, Jr.

Ms. Elizabeth A. Murphy and M r. Robert L. Martier

Marjorie and Christopher Newman Ms. Joan L. Pantsios Dr. Joseph A. Parisi

Dr. Leo W. Parks and Mrs. Nancy C. Parks Dr. Susan M. Rabe

Mrs. Merrilee C. Redmond and M r. Richard Redmond

Professor Patricia L. Richards Mr. Chauncey Robinson

Mr. William Ross

Ms. Maija Rotherberg Ed and Diana Ruthman

Ms. Frances Shaw Alyce K. Sigler

Kenneth and Peggy Sinko

Ms. Rebecca Sive and M r. C. Steven Tomashefsky Professor Eric Slauter

Carl Smith and Jane Smith Dr. Courtney Smotherman

Mr. Gerald R. Southern Dick and Judith Spurgin

Mr. Lawrence E. Strickling and D r. Sydney L. Hans

Strategex LLC

Ms. Maureen Talbot

Mr. Tod N. Tappert Ed Underhill

Dr. Thomas E. Veeser

Honor Roll of Donors

Jacqueline Vossler

Ms. Aviva Weiner

Dr. Mary Witt

Ms. Renee A. Young

Anonymous (3)

LITERATI ($250–$499)

Mr. and Mrs. Paul H. Adler

Mr. Endre Agocs

Mrs. Bari Amadio and Dr. Peter Amadio Anthony and Nancy Amodeo

Mr. and Mrs. Paul F. Anderson

Ms. Rosanne C. Arnold

Ms. Carolyn Arnolds

William O. Autry and Sarah E. Leach

Dr. Donna M. Avery and Dr. James Andrews

Mrs. Jennifer Baker

Mr. Michael Bartels

Dr. Susan Bazargan

Professor Roger B. Beck

Ms. Rebecca Beem and Mr. Richard Beem

Mr. and Mrs. Francis Beidler

Ms. Laura A. Bentley

Ms. Margaret Bjerklie

Ms. Jacqueline Blevins-Johnson Mr. Robert W. Blythe and M s. Madeline Baum

Ms. Catherine S. Bosher

William and Sheila Bosron

Mrs. Susan Bowey

Dr. Jay Brigham

Mr. and Mrs. Thomas H. Brown

Ms. Becky Brueckel

Dr. Elizabeth J. Buckley-Geer and M r. Stephen Geer

Judge Elaine Bucklo

Pat and David Buisseret

Dr. Nancy L. Bunge

Dr. Cathleen Cahill

Ms. Mary Anne Cappelleri

Mr. Douglas R. Carlson and M rs. Susan F. Carlson

Mr. and Mrs. Richard C. Carr Mr. and Mrs. Walter S. Carr Dr. Maria K. Carrig

Mr. and Mrs. Robert E. Carroll

Mr. Glenn Carter and Mrs. Barbara Carter LaVerne and Waitung Chan

Mr. Henry E. Charles

The Chicago Chamber Music Society

Mr. and Mrs. Salvatore G. Cilella Dr. David Ciocon Mr. Thomas A. Clancy

Ms. Barbara Cohen Dr. Matt Cohen

Mr. and Mrs. Charles M. Colburn

Dr. David Collins and Ms. Cynthia Collins Mr. Jerome W. Conlon

Professor Edward M. Cook, Jr. and M rs. Elizabeth P. Cook

Mr. Joseph P. Cothrel and Ms. Linda Heban Ms. Debra Cox Mr. Michael Csar Mr. John T. Cullinan and D r. Ewa Radwanska Dr. Arthur I. Cyr

Magdalene and Gerald Danzer Mr. and Ms. Martin Davis Laura de Frise and Steven Rugo Ms. Jessica T. DePinto Ms. Dana DesJardins

Ms. Sally Dilgart

Mr. José DiMauro and Mrs. Kate DeMille Ms. Catherine J. Dolton

Professor Michelle M. Dowd

Dr. and Mrs. James L. Downey Mr. Robert P. Doyle Mrs. Tessa Dratt

Richard and Ingrid Dubberke Jon and Susanne Dutcher Dr. Richard H. Ekman and M rs. Carol Ekman

Mrs. Susan S. Ettelson

Mr. James R. Fancher

Mrs. William Faulman

Dr. Caroline J. Fernald

Dr. Sandra Fernbach

Mrs. Marsha M. Fischl and M r. Kenneth P. Fischl

Ms. Marcia L. Flick

Ms. Erica Fornari

Ms. Ortrud M. Fowler and M r. Wayne Fowler

Mr. Brendan Fox

Arthur L. Frank, M.D.

Dr. and Mrs. James L. Franklin Mr. and Mrs. Paul Freehling

Mr. and Mrs. John E. Freund Ms. Gwyn Friend

Mr. and Mrs. Marshall B. Front

Professor Martha Garcia

Ms. Leigh Gates Miss Nancy J. Geitgey Virginia and Gary Gerst Reginald Gibbons and Cornelia Spelman

Ms. Marsha W. Ginsberg and M r. Gordon M. Sayre

Professor Suzanne Gossett

Professor Kenneth Gouwens

Mr. Mark Greeley

Dr. Daniel M. Green, M.D. Tom Greensfelder and Olivia Petrides D. Kendall Griffith

Dr. James Grossman and M s. Ann Billingsley Helen W. Gunnarsson

Professor Evelyn H. Haller E. A. Hamill Fund

Mr. Arthur R. Hansen

Mr. James Hanson Toni and Ken Harkness

Mr. James A. Harmon

Mr. William B. Hauslein

Ms. Arlene E. Hausman

Dr. Carla Hay

Mr. and Mrs. Larry Hedges

Ms. Raynelle F. Heidrick

Mr. and Mrs. William Herzog

Mr. and Mrs. Frederic W. Hickman

Ms. Gaye L. Hill and Mr. Jeffrey A. Urbina

Mr. Bruce Hirsch

Ms. Ruth Holst

Mr. and Mrs. Mark Hoppe

Mr. Robert Horowitz and M s. Amy B. Levin

Mr. and Mrs. Paul J. Houdek

Mr. Dennis M. Hughes and Ms. Rose Kelly

Ms. Jan Lisa Huttner

Mr. Craig T. Ingram

Ms. Cheryl Iverson

Dr. Theodore Jackanicz and M s. Suesanna K. Voorhees

Mr. and Mrs. Ralph Jacob

Ms. Emily Troxell Jaycox

Dr. Barbara Jillson

Ms. Julia Johnas

Kathryn Gibbons Johnson and Bruce Johnson

Mr. Mark Johnson

Mr. and Mrs. W. G. Jurgensen Mrs. Karen S. Juvinall

Ms. Annette Kabbes

Ms. Janet Kalin and Mr. Martin Kalin

Ms. Joanna Karatzas and M r. Philip J. Enquist

Mr. James F. Karela

Mr. Jeremy Kazan and Ms. Kendra Thulin

Mr. Bruce Kirkpatrick

Mr. and Mrs. Melvin J. Koenigs, Jr.

Ms. Mary Sue Kranstover and M r. Mark Davis

Dr. Nancy Krippel

Ms. Linda L. Kristensen

Ms. Barbara Lanctot

Dr. Della Leavitt and Mr. Roy Bossen

George Leonard and Susan Hanes-Leonard

Susan and Donald Levy

Ms. Kristin E. Lipkowski Mr. Michael Litt

Professor Louise Litterick Mr. Craig Long Mrs. Dianne C. Luhmann

Professor Jonathan Lyon Ms. Michelle Mace

Dr. Michael Macken

Mrs. Julianne Maggiore Ms. Sandra Mallory

Louis and Silvia Manetti

Ms. Jeanne L. Mayer

Ms. Laura McVey and Mr. Kevin McVey Mr. Daniel Meyer

Mr. Robert C. Michaelson Ms. Kathleen Miles Mr. James A. Miller Ms. Virginia E. Miller Mr. Norman Moline

Mrs. Beverly J. Moody Mr. and Mrs. Todd L. Morning Ms. Wilda W. Morris Ms. Corinne Morrissey Mrs. Susan T. Murphy

Dr. Kimberly K. Nagy, M.D. Mr. Brandon Neese

Dr. Sarah Nelson

Mr. Richard F. Nielsen and M rs. Barbara Nielsen

Mr. and Mrs. James N. Nowacki Dr. Dorothy Noyes and M r. Michael Krippendorf

Ms. Susan O’Brien

Mr. Joseph O. O’Connor and M s. Joan O’Connor

Mr. and Mrs. Ben E. Oosterbaan

Ms. Lisa Oppenheim

Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence A. Osterberg

Mr. Jeff Owen

Mr. and Mrs. David Oxtoby Pat and Lara Pappas

Ms. Elyse Pearlman

Mr. Frederic C. Pearson

Ms. Kathleen M. Perkins

Mr. David Perry

Ms. Patricia Pippert and M r. Steven Redfield

Mr. and Mrs. Larry Priovano

Professor Martha D. Pollak

Lawrence S. Poston and Carol H. Poston

Ms. Laura Prail and Mr. John L. Cella Ms. Sarah M. Pritchard

Nancy and Imad Qasim

Ms. Janet L. Reali and M r. Mitchell Cobey

Ms. Janet S. Reed

Mr. Charles F. Regan, Jr. Ms. Alicia Reyes

Tony and Amy Rieck

The Rigney Family

Mr. and Mrs. George Ritzlin

Mr. and Mrs. Harry G. Robertson

Ms. Susan E. Robertson

Ms. Patricia M. Ronan

Ms. Anne Rorimer

Mr. Bruce D. Rosenberg

Ms. Mimi Rosenbuch

Ms. Susan F. Rossen

Mr. T. Marshall Rousseau

Mr. Howard Rubin

Mr. John Russell

Ms. Mary Russell

Ms. Virginia Russell

Mr. and Mrs. James W. Ryan Dr. James J. Sack

Professor Andrew K. Sandoval-Strausz Mrs. Nancy Santi

Judith and David Saunders

Honor Roll of Donors

Mr. Michael J. Saxton

Mr. and Mrs. David M. Schiffman

Susan Schwartz

Mr. Barry A. Sears and Ms. Kathy Rise Mrs. Julianna Segura Brad and Melissa Seiler

Mr. John C. Seville and M s. C. R. Scott-Seville

Ms. Cynthia Sherman

Ms. Joanne Silver

Mr. George Simon and D r. Lynne Simon

Mrs. Catherine Sinegal

Ms. Beth A. Smetana

Mr. Edward A. Smith

Michael and Cindy Smith Nicholas and Carol Sommers

Mr. and Mrs. O. J. Sopranos

Carolyn and David Spadafora Stanley and Kristin Stevens

Mr. Robert Stoldal

Mr. George Stransky, Jr. and M s. Arlene Stransky

Marvin Strasburg

Mary and Harvey Struthers

Mr. G. Thomas Tanselle

Mr. John Tielsch and M s. Deborah Garber

Mr. and Mrs. Randolph F. Thomas

Professor Helen Thompson

Mr. Michael Todd

Ms. Elizabeth Turley

Mr. Matthew W. Turner

Mr. and Mrs. David Turpin

Mr. Frank Valadez

Dr. Ann Wambeke

Mr. Edward R. Ward

Mr. Robert F. Ward

Robert and Susan Warde

Ms. Lisa Warshauer

Professor Elissa B. Weaver

Mr. Steven B. Weinstein

Ms. Mary Williams

Janet and Jeffrey Wilson

Ms. Ann Wilson Green

Mrs. Jean Wisecup

Ms. Christina Woelke and M r. John Coats

Mr. and Mrs. Alfred M. Wurglitz Ms. Lori Yelvington

Susan Schaalman Youdovin and C harlie Shulkin

Ms. Mary B. Young

Ms. Roberta Zabel

Ms. Mary Zeltmann

Ms. Aubrey Zielinski

Mr. Gerald A. Zimmerman Sheri Zuckerman

Anonymous (3)

RESTRICTED GIFTS

The following donors made restricted gifts to the Newberry endowment, book funds, fellowship programs, and other projects.

$25,000 AND ABOVE

Roger and Julie Baskes

Mr. T. Kimball Brooker Builders Initiative

Chicago Free For All Fund at The Chicago C ommunity Trust Glasser and Rosenthal Families

Sue and Melvin Gray

Victoria J. Herget and Robert K. Parsons Celia and David Hilliard

Robert A. Holland

Monticello College Foundation National Endowment for the Humanities Ken* and Jossy Nebenzahl

Jerome and Elaine Nerenberg Foundation

The Pattis Family Foundation

Roy and Irene Rettinger Foundation

Mr. and Mrs.* Rudy L. Ruggles, Jr. Mr. David B. Smith, Jr. and M s. Ilene T. Weinreich

Harold B. Smith Foundation

Robert and Penelope Steiner Family Foundation

Anonymous (2)

$10,000–$24,999

Paul M. Angell Family Foundation

Consulate General of Brazil

Jan and Frank Cicero, Jr. Magdalene and Gerald Danzer Fuller and Moskovits Family

Helen M. Harrison Foundation

Dr. Malcolm H. Hast

Illinois State Library

Samuel H. Kress Foundation

Mr. Stephen A. MacLean

Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Dr. Scholl Foundation

Nadia Sophie Seiler Memorial Fund

The Siragusa Family Foundation

Terra Foundation for American Art Whiting Foundation

$5,000–$9,999

Dr. Richard H. Brown*

Dr. Laura F. Edwards and M r. John P. McAllister

Dr. Marilyn Ezri

Fitzgerald Family Foundation

Hoellen Family Foundation

Christine and Michael Pope Society of Mayflower Descendants i n the State of Illinois

Dr. Christine M. Sperling Mr. Alan Templeton

Diane and Richard Weinberg Anonymous (1)

$1,500–$4,999

Chicago Genealogical Society

Professor Deborah A. Cohen

General Society of Colonial Wars

Constance and William Markey

Jack L. Ringer Family Foundation

Society of Colonial Wars in the St ate of Illinois

Sulzer Family Foundation Jacqueline Vossler

Robert Williams

$250–$1,499

Ms. Jane T. Arthur

The Contemporary Club of Chicago

Professors Kathleen N. and M ichael P. Conzen

The Friday Club

Daniel Greene and Lisa Meyerowitz

Mrs. Barbara M. Hall

Mr. D. Bradford Hunt

Professor Susan L. Johnson

Ms. Virginia M. Noyes Open Books Ltd

Dr. Suzanne Karr Schmidt and M r. Keith Schmidt

Ms. Alice Schreyer

Mrs. Carolyn M. Short

Mr. Jeffrey Sklansky

Professor Susan Sleeper-Smith and D r. Robert C. Smith

Carl and Jane Smith

Professor Timothy B. Spears University of Notre Dame Pam and Doug Walter Anonymous (1)

THE 2022 NEWBERRY LIBRARY AWARD CELEBRATION

The following donors supported the 2022 Newberry Library Award Celebration, which was held on May 15, 2022 in honor of Ira Glass and This American Life .

PRESENTING SPONSOR

Kirkland & Ellis LLP

Edith Rasmussen Ahern and Patrick Ahern

American Writers Museum

Roger and Julie Baskes

Mr. and Mrs. Bruce Becker

Mr. and Mrs. Norman Bobins, T he Robert Thomas Bobins Foundation

Joan and William Brodsky

Bulley & Andrews LLC

Jan and Frank Cicero, Jr. Lew Collens and Nancy Sindelar Mr. George E. Engdahl

Ms. Celine Fitzgerald Fitzgerald Family Foundation Mimi Frankel Fuller and Moskovits Family Ms. Shelley Gorson and Mr. Alan Salpeter Dr. Hanna H. Gray

Sue and Melvin Gray Ms. Kathy Hatseras

Victoria J. Herget and Robert K. Parsons Celia and David Hilliard Robert A. Holland

ITW

Professor Lawrence Lipking

Professor James H. Marrow and D r. Emily Rose

Andrew and Jeanine McNally Cindy and Stephen Mitchell

Janis W. and John K. Notz, Jr. Mr. Gregory O’Leary and M s. Patricia Kenney

Dr. Gail Kern Paster

The Pattis Family Foundation

Jean E. Perkins and Leland E. Hutchinson

Christine and Michael Pope

Pritzker Military Museum & Library

Ms. Laura-Min Proctor

Mr. John P. Rompon and M s. Marian E. Casey

Sheli Z. Rosenberg and Burton X. Rosenberg

Martha Roth and Bryon Rosner

Susan Schwartz

Adele Simmons

Nancy and Richard Spain

Liz Stiffel

Astrida and Steve Tantillo

Mr. and Mrs. Robert J. Washlow

Diane and Richard Weinberg

Mr. Howard S. White William Blair & Company

PARGELLIS SOCIETY

The following corporations contributed $2,500 or more to the Newberry and are recognized as members of the Pargellis Society.

Allstate Insurance Company

Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps

Bulley & Andrews LLC

ITW

Kirkland & Ellis LLP

Sahara Enterprises, Inc.

Anonymous (1)

SOCIETY OF COLLECTORS

The following donors contributed $5,000 or more for the acquisition of materials for the Newberry’s collection.

Roger and Julie Baskes

Rob Carlson and Paul Gehl

Bernard Friedman

Honor Roll of Donors

Neil Harris and Teri J. Edelstein

Celia and David Hilliard

Robert A. Holland

Janet and Arthur Holzheimer

Professor James H. Marrow and D r. Emily Rose

Ken* and Jossy Nebenzahl

Sheli Z. Rosenberg and Burton X. Rosenberg

Jan and Bruce* Tranen

HERITAGE AND GENEALOGICAL SOCIETY

The following lineage and genealogical organizations made gifts to help the Newberry preserve our cultural heritage for future generations.

General Society of Colonial Wars Society of Colonial Wars in the St ate of Illinois

Society of Mayflower Descendants in the St ate of Illinois

BLATCHFORD SOCIETY

The following individuals have included the Newberry in their estate plans or life-income arrangements. The Newberry recognizes them for their continued legacy to the humanities.

Ms. Elizabeth Agard

Mrs. L. W. Alberts

Mr. Adrian Alexander

Rick and Marcia Ashton

Dr. David M. and M rs. Susan Lindenmeyer Barron

Roger Baskes

Pete Blatchford

John C. Blew

Michelle Miller Burns and Gary W. Burns

Dr. William H. Cannon

Rob Carlson

Reverend Dr. Robert B. Clarke

Mrs. David L. Conlan

Mr. Charles T. Cullen

Magdalene and Gerald Danzer

Mr. Gordon R. DenBoer

Mr. Andrew K. Dolan

Susan and Otto D’Olivo

Laura F. Edwards

Mr. George E. Engdahl

Ms. Carla J. Funk

Susan and Vincent Furman Louise R. Glasser

Mr. Donald J. Gralen Dr. Hanna H. Gray Margarete Gross

Dr. Gary G. Gunderson

Hjordis Halvorson and John Halvorson

Neil Harris and Teri J. Edelstein

Mark and Meg Hausberg Trudy and Paul Hawley

Celia and David Hilliard

Robert A. Holland

Mrs. Judith H. Hollander Janet and Arthur Holzheimer Louise D. Howe

Mary P. Hughes

Kathryn Gibbons Johnson Dr. Victoria Kirkham

Ann C. Bates Kittle

Karen Krishack

George Leonard and Susan Hanes-Leonard

Larry Lesperance

Professor Carole B. Levin

Joseph A. Like

Professor Lawrence Lipking Nancy J. Lynn

Mr. Stephen A. MacLean

Carmelita Melissa Madison

Ms. Suzette Mahneke

Dr. Debra N. Mancoff

Dr. Guy A. Marco Heidi Massa

Ms. Valerie S. Mathes

Mary Morony

Mrs. Susan T. Murphy

Mrs. Milo M. Naeve

Ms. Shanti Nagarkatti Jossy Nebenzahl

Ms. Audrey A. Niffenegger and M r. Eddie Campbell

Janis W. Notz

Joan L. Pantsios

Joe and Jo Ann Paszczyk

Jean E. Perkins

Christine and Michael Pope

Dominick S. Renga, M.D.

Mr. T. Marshall Rousseau

Mr. Perry Sartori

Helen M. Schultz

Stephen A. and Marilyn Scott

Ms. Cynthia Shewan

Alyce K. Sigler Dr. Ira Singer

Mr. and Mrs. Richard D. Siragusa

Susan Sleeper-Smith

Ms. Louise K. Smith

Rebecca Gray Smith

Zella Kay Soich

Carolyn and David Spadafora

Mr. Angelo L. and Mrs. Virginia A. Spoto

Joyce L. Steffel

Tom and Nancy Swanstrom

Don Marzec and Marianne Tadish Mrs. Sara D. Taylor

Tracey Tomashpol and Farron Brougher Jim Tomes Diane Weinberg

Willard E. White

Robert Williams

Mr. and Mrs. Peter S. Willmott Drs. Richard and Mary Woods

Mrs. Erika Wright

James and Mary Wyly Anonymous (10)

IN MEMORIAM

With gratitude, the Newberry remembers the following members of the Blatchford Society for their visionary support of the humanities.

Constance and Liduina Barbantini

Mr. W. Lloyd Barber

Ann Barzel

Mr. George W. Blossom III

Dr. Edith Borroff

Professor Howard Mayer Brown

Dr. Richard H. Brown

Joan Campbell

Robert P. Coale

Natalie H. Dabovich

David W. Dangler

John Brooks Davis

Mrs. Edison Dick

Donna Margaret Eaton

Professor Carolyn A. Edie

Ms. Rita T. Fitzgerald

Dr. and Mrs. Waldo C. Friedland

Dr. Muriel S. Friedman

Esther LaBerge Ganz

Lyle Gillman

Mr. Wallace H. Griffith

Mrs. Anne C. Haffner

Mr. Chalkley J. Hambleton, Sr. Adele Hast

Mrs. Harold James

Corinne E. Johnson

Ms. Marcia Slater Johnston

Mr. Stuart Kane

Lucia Woods Lindley

Mr. William Locke

Arthur B. Logan

Mr. Walter C. Lueneburg

Dr. Audrey Lumsden-Kouvel

Ms. Louise Lutz

Ms. Lorraine Madsen

Mrs. Agnes M. McElroy

Andrew W. McGhee

Mr. and Mrs. William W. McKittrick

Marion S. Miller

Ken Nebenzahl

Piri Korngold Nesselrod

Bruce P. Olson

Charles W. Olson

Rosemary J. Schnell

Marian W. Shaw

G. Shiman

Mr. Morrell M. Shoemaker

Professor Robert W. Shoemaker Lillian R. and Dwight D. Slater

Harold B. Smith

Peggy Sullivan Cecelia Handleman Wade Professor Sue Sheridan Walker Lila Weinberg

James M. Wells Anonymous (8)

ESTATE GIFTS

The Newberry acknowledges gifts received from the estates of the following individuals.

Constance and Liduina Barbantini

Lynn M. Dahl

Diana L. DeBoy

Donna Margaret Eaton

Gloria J. Frank

Lyle Gillman

Lucia Woods Lindley

Rosemary J. Schnell

Mr. Morrell M. Shoemaker

Robert L. Tree

TRIBUTE GIFTS

The Newberry recognizes the following gifts made in tribute.

HONOR GIFTS

In honor of James R. Akerman

Ms. Kathleen A. Bronson

In honor of Mrs. L. W. Alberts

Nicholas Adams and Laurie Nussdorfer

In honor of Roger and Julie Baskes

Leigh and Doug Conant

Mr. Gregory O’Leary and Ms. Patricia Kenney

In honor of Astrid Hilger Bennett

Mr. Dan Campion

In honor of Margaret Brenneman

Anthony and Nancy Amodeo

In honor of Martha Briggs Ms. Suzette Dewey

In honor of Joan and William Brodsky

Mr. and Mrs. Norman R. Bobins, T he Robert Thomas Bobins Foundation

In honor of the Center for Renaissance Studies

Professor Mara R. Wade

In honor of The Olmsted Archives Mrs. Joan S. Hockaday and Mr. Peter S. Hockaday

In honor of Julia Denne William and Sheila Bosron

In honor of JoEllen Dickie

Ms. Joy L. Gregg

In honor of Steven Diedrich

Ms. Catharine D. Bell

In honor of Natalie Edwards

Ms. Audrey Peiper

In honor of Ellen Elias

Mr. Drew Pollard

In honor of Celine Fitzgerald

Janis W. and John K. Notz, Jr. Ms. Laura-Min Proctor

Honor Roll of Donors

In honor of Lillian Frauman

Thomas and Constance Guardi

In honor of Ella French

Mr. George E. Cradick

In honor of Paul Gehl

Dr. David M. Barron and Mrs. Susan Lindenmeyer Barron In honor of Carol Hamann Graham

Mr. Robert H. Berry In honor of Daniel Greene

Mr. Richard Steele

Mr. Robert F. Ward

In honor of Daniel Greene and L isa Meyerowitz

Mr. Michael Simon

In honor of Henry Harris Michael and Cindy Smith In honor of Justin Hastings

Ms. Devinne Stevens

In honor of Robert A. Holland Mr. Tod N. Tappert

In honor of Daniel Carroll Joynes Ms. Nancy C. Lighthill

In honor of Mary Nell Kennedy Linda Kramer

In honor of Robert Ketterer Dr. Andrew Ketterer

In honor of Dale van Kley

Abby McCormick O’Neil and D aniel Carroll Joynes

In honor of John Loesch, MD

Mr. Brian Higgins

In honor of Thomas Madden Mr. David. E Staplin

In honor of Tiya Miles and Megan Sweeney

Ms. Debby Jay

In honor of Rose Miron

Dr. Matt Cohen

Ms. Pamela A. Laking and Mr. Blaine Koch

In honor of Cynthia E. Mitchell Ms. Julie Stagliano

In honor of Harland S. Nelson Dr. Sarah Nelson

In honor of the Newberry Library’s Lewis a nd Clark historical holdings

D r. Jeffrey Mueller and Ms. Eileen Klein

In honor of Jerry Olson Mrs. Heather Patay

In honor of Liesl Olson Caxton Club

In honor of Jean E. Perkins Ms. Shelley Gorson and Mr. Alan Salpeter

In honor of Christine and Michael Pope Ms. Denise Macey

Mrs. Merrilee C. Redmond and Mr. Richard Redmond

In honor of Burton X. Rosenberg Mr. Dennis Carlin Marcy and Greg Carlin Mr. and Mrs. Jay Jaffe Leonard and Arlene Rosenberg Mrs. David Savner

In honor of Sheli Z. and Burton X. Rosenberg Mr. Steven B. Weinstein

In honor of Suzanne Karr Schmidt Ms. Diane de Fazio

In honor of Ms. Alice Schreyer Ms. Eloise C. Foster Mrs. Judith Nadler

In honor of Joanne and Hugh Schwartzberg Ms. Marilyn Winter

In honor of Alex Teller

Mr. John O’Neil Ms. Christine Schloss

In honor of the James W. Thornton Family Foundation

Mrs. Ann Thornton

In honor of Dr. Marylyn Voerg Ms. Mary Ann Lane

In honor of Robert Wedgeworth, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Anthony D. Volpe

In honor of Robert Williams Ms. Annette Fern

In honor of the John M. Wing Foundation Professor Cynthia Wall

MEMORIAL GIFTS

In memory of Edward E. Ayer Mr. Edward Ayer Crumb

In memory of Ann Barzel Mr. Henry Eggers

In memory of Betty Yates Blevins Ms. Jacqueline Blevins-Johnson

In memory of Dr. Richard H. Brown Professor Hans Bak

In memory of Neil Browne Mr. Bruce Edwin Atkinson

In memory of Shirley Brussell Ms. Cheryl Anderman

In memory of Lester Jesse Cappon Mr. Brian E. Hill

In memory of Gertrude Carrier

Tom Greensfelder and Olivia Petrides

In memory of Maureen D. Clarke Mr. James Clarke

In memory of Thomas M. Costley Mr. Guy Johnson

In memory of Kathleen Roy Cummings Mr. Daniel Cummings

In memory of Irving A. Cyr Dr. Arthur I. Cyr

In memory of Gary Davis Mr. Stephen Murphy

In memory of Mr. Roy and Mrs. Lolita Debits Ms. Patricia Debits

In memory of Jacob D. Dumelle Mrs. Dorothy J. Dumelle

In memory of Rita Fitzgerald

Ms. Emily Troxell Jaycox

In memory of Jack Fuller Fuller and Moskovits Family

In memory of Tony Gordon

Ms. Brenda Berkman

D r. Allen V. Lentino

J ennifer and Davie Pina

In memory of Robert V. Gouwens

P rofessor Kenneth Gouwens

In memory of Rosa Gutierrez Vince Firpo

In memory of Margaret Hall Mrs. Carol Connor

In memory of Helen Hanson Anonymous (1)

In memory of Barbara Hillman Ms. Melody M. Heaps

In memory of Scott Jacobs Ms. Marta Bender

Ms. Lucille F. Sheata

Ms. Marcia Kramer Simon and M r. Roger Simon

Mr. Thomas Stock and Ms. Mary Jo Stock S trategex LLC

Ms. Carol Wennerstrom

In memory of Thomas Harmon Jobe Rob Carlson and Paul Gehl

In memory of Marcia Slater Johnston Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Watkins

In memory of Richard Juvinall Mrs. Karen S. Juvinall

In memory of Evelyn and Edwin Kuzdale Dr. Ann E. Kuzdale

In memory of Noel Lederer Mr. William L. Lederer

In memory of Samuel J. and Esther Lesner

Mr. and Mrs. Charles B. Bernstein

Mrs. Judy Holstein and Mr. Bob Holstein

In memory of Mr. William Locke

Ms. Marilin W. Brown

Ms. Carol Bryant

Rob Carlson and Paul Gehl Caxton Club

Ms. Winifred Eggers Vince Firpo

Ms. Ortrud M. Fowler and Mr. Wayne Fowler

Mr. and Mrs. Gerald Gaxiola Ms. Wendy B. Hauser Ms. Arlene E. Hausman Richard S. Jackson, Jr. Ms. Carol A. Kurz

Mr. Douglas Locke Mrs. Judith Locke

Ms. Paula R. Mace and Mr. George Kuhn

Lee G. Malizia and Gerald E. Malizia Ms. Sandra Mallory

D r. and Mrs. Edward H. Mazur Mrs. Luigi H. Mumford

J anis W. and John K. Notz, Jr. Ms. E. O’Brien G loria and Richard Reifler Ms. Rose Marie Steffen J acqueline Vossler Ms. Barbara White Anonymous (1)

In memory of John Loesch, MD Mr. Brian Higgins

In memory of Roberta Lundin Mr. and Mrs. Michael D. Hughes

In memory of Mary Jo McGuire Ms. Nancy K. Stewart

In memory of Henry P. Miller Mr. and Mrs. Ralph Jacob

In memory of Marion S. Miller Vince Firpo

In memory of Rita Ann Miller

Mr. James A. Miller

In memory of Josephine Minow The Pattis Family Foundation

In memory of Jo Anne Moore Vince Firpo Ms. Betty Jo Moore Meredith Petrov

S tephen A. and Marilyn Scott Carolyn and David Spadafora

In memory of Anthony J. Mourek Mr. Dan R. Crawford

In memory of Milo M. Naeve Mrs. Milo M. Naeve

In memory of Kenneth Nebenzahl Robert A. Holland

In memory of Robert Joseph Niemann Bruce Niemann and Carolyn Nowosielski

In memory of Finn Nolan Ed Underhill

In memory of John Noonan

Ms. Raynelle F. Heidrick Ms. Susan Kelty

In memory of John Norcross Mr. and Mrs. Larry E. Shiff

In memory of Fredrick W. Oborski Ms. Colette Monahan

In memory of Stanley Pargellis

Mr. and Mrs. Anthony Bowe

In memory of William Pelz Dr. Adrienne Butler

In memory of Ellen Stuart Poole and G eorge Amos Poole III Edwina U. Powel

Honor Roll of Donors

In memory of Jan Reiff

P rofessor James R. Barrett

D r. Jaime Cardenas, Jr.

Ms. Jessica Cattelino

Laura F. Edwards and John P. McAllister

P rofessor Michael Grossberg and Ms. Bettina R. Manuel

D r. James Grossman and Ms. Ann Billingsley

Ms. Ruth Grossman

P rofessor Jennifer Koslow

Ms. Emily Landau

Mr. Steven Mintz

Mr. Kelly Wahl

Ms. Dorothy Wiley and Mr. Robert F. Wiley

D r. Karen Wilson

In memory of Paul Ruxin

Mr. Michael Bartels

Mr. David Rosso and Ms. Christine Rosso

In memory of Marshall D. Sahlins

William O. Autry and Sarah E. Leach

In memory of Francis G. Santschi D r. Elizabeth Santschi

In memory of Marjorie Shender Ms. Susan Shender

In memory of Allison Sherman

P rofessor Karen Barzman

In memory of Michael Silverstein Ms. Mara Tapp

In memory of Karen Skubish Dr. Joseph A. Parisi

In memory of Bentley Stone and Walter Camryn

Ms. Patricia Pippert and Mr. Steven Redfield

In memory of Helen Hornbeck Tanner

D r. Cathleen Cahill

Mary Janzen Quinn

In memory of Gilbert D. Totten Ms. Ruthanne Dunn

In memory of William Vogt

Mr. David Vogt

In memory of Sue Sheridan Walker Mr. George Christakes

In memory of Professor Roger L. Williams Mr. William R. Adler, Esq. In memory of Ronald G. Witt D r. Mary Ann Witt

GIFTS OF LIBRARY MATERIALS

The Newberry appreciates the generosity of the following donors who contributed books, manuscripts, and other materials to enhance the library’s collection.

Afro-American Historical & G enealogical Society

Linda Templar Alexander Kathy and Paul Barnes

Roger and Julie Baskes Dr. Douglas Baxter Edward L. Bell

June Bell

Roberta Bernstein Dr. James Bielo

Mr. Robert D. Biggs

Professor Henry C. Binford Dr. James Birchfield

Debra Blomgren

Ms. Cary Boggs

Dr. Richard H. Brown*

Helen Amy Leavitt Campbell

Chicago & North Western Historical Society

Karen Ann Christianson and Robert Bionaz

Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence B. Christmas

Mr. Stephan P. Clarke

Ms. Stephanie Clemens

Dave Conklin

Michael Conway Karen Cook

Professor Bradin Cormack

Thomas Croke

Jenai Crutcher

Barbara Daniels

Mrs. Sharon S. Darling Ms. Noelle Q. de Jesus Dr. Rey E. de la Cruz

Dinkel’s Bakery Ms. Jena Doolas

Mr. and Mrs. Thomas P. Dungan Ms. Margaret H. Eckels

Laura F. Edwards and John P. McAllister

Diane Eisenberg

Eisenhower Public Library District Ms. Claire Esker

JoAnn Evans Dr. Marilyn Ezri Hope E. Facen-Ford

Jennifer Fastwolf John N. Ferris

Professor Martha Few Jerry Field

First St. Paul’s Lutheran Church

Helen and Joseph P. Fisher

Ms. P. M. Fitzmaurice

Mr. and Mrs. Michael D. Frost Jill Gage

Elisa Frühauf Garcia Jean Karl Gaverza

Laini Giles

Mr. Ken Goldberg

Jeff Goodman

Barbara Torrey and Clara Green

Daniel Greene and Lisa Meyerowitz

Ms. E. Dawn Griffin-O’Neal

Mrs. Barbara M. Hall

Mr. John E. Hallwas Mr. Sterling Hamill Ms. Jaime L. Danehey and M r. William M. Hansen

Dr. Malcolm H. Hast

Mark and Meg Hausberg

Arlene Hausman

Dr. Randolph Head

Mr. and Mrs. Harold A. Henderson

Mrs. Susan C. Hinderaker

Philip Hoare

Ms. Rebecca Hoffman

Mrs. Judy Holstein and Mr. Bob Holstein

Holy Family Preservation Society

Janet and Arthur Holzheimer

Professor and Mrs. Frederick E. Hoxie

Ms. Marcia Slater Johnston*

Mr. Bruce Kirkpatrick

Barbara Kirstein

Murray Jackson Knowles

Barbara Koyonus

John Thomas Kruse, Sr.

Mr. and Mrs. Francis A. Lackner, Jr.

Jeff Lantos

Gregory Laski

Cal Lauder

Ms. Margaret T. Lauer

Ms. Susanne Lenz and Mr. Jim A. Lenz

Tom Limon

Richard Lipton

D. A. Lockhart

Kathleen Loftus

David Garrard Lowe

Ms. Christine MacDonald

Mr. Mark L. Madsen

Mr. and Mrs. Jerry Manne

Mary K. Marshall

Joyce A. Martin

Ms. Lucia Mauro

Mr. and Mrs. Robert E. McCamant

Larry McCutcheon

Ann and Christopher McKee

Patricia R. McMillen

Michael M. Mills

Lani T. Montreal

Jim Moran

Mount Prospect Public Library

Joseph Murillo

National Society Women Descendants of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery C ompany, Illinois Court of Assistants

Ken* and Jossy Nebenzahl

Mr. David F. New

New England Historic Genealogical Society

Professor Nancy Newman

Heinz Niederste-Hollenberg

John K. Notz, Jr.

Mr. Michael S. Nyquist Oakton Community College

Mr. Brian O’Camb Organ Historical Society Jay Obrik Alan Packard

Beth Parrocha Anna Pienkowski

Stephen L. Pinel Max and Sheila Putzel* Mrs. Susan K. Ratcliffe

Mr. Bayard Dodge Rea

Mr. William Holdship Rea, III Mrs. Merrilee C. Redmond and M r. Richard Redmond

Benedict Robinson

Mr. Anatoly Rozenblat

Saint Spyridon Hellenic Orthodox Church

Dr. Suzanne Karr Schmidt and M r. Keith Schmidt

Ms. Alice Schreyer

Mr. Wayne H. Schulz

Mr. Christopher G. Schurrer

Professor Samantha M. Seeley Mr. Matthew G. Shoaf Kenneth and Peggy Sinko

The Standard Club

Margaret Steere Steve Sudderth

Ms. Christine L. Sundt

R. J. Taylor, Jr. Foundation Dr. Giulia Torello-Hill Ulster Historical Foundation

J. Daniel Vann, III

Mr. Steven J. Venturino

Jacqueline Vossler

Ted Wachholz

Professor John Walbridge

Ms. Cheryl Wegner

Penelope West Professor William N. West

Michelle Wilson and Rommy Lopat

Joseph M. White Dr. Janet Whitmore

Glen N. Wiche Estate

Robert Williams Dr. T. Bradford Willis

Sally Wilson Dr. Kelly Wisecup

Drs. Richard and Mary Woods Rosalind Woodward Dr. James L. Zychowicz Anonymous (2)

The Newberry makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of our honor roll of donors and we apologize if we have made any errors. Please notify the Development office at (312) 255-3581 or contributions@newberry.org regarding any changes, corrections, or omissions. Thank you.

Board of Trustees

TRUSTEES OF THE NEWBERRY LIBRARY, 2021-2022

Burton X. Rosenberg

Chair

Robert A. Holland Vice Chair

Gail Kern Paster Vice Chair

Michael A. Pope Vice Chair

Gregory L. Barton Secretary

David B. Smith, Jr. Treasurer

Edith Rasmussen Ahern

Joan Brodsky

Frank Cicero, Jr. Lewis Collens

Celine Fitzgerald Louise R. Glasser

Richard C. Godfrey

David C. Hilliard Immediate Past Chair

Javier Laguna

Lawrence Lipking

Sonya Malunda

James H. Marrow

Andrew McNally IV

Mary Minow

Cynthia E. Mitchell

Janis W. Notz

Jean M. O’Brien

Lisa J. Pattis

Jean E. Perkins

John P. Rompon

Martha T. Roth

Rudy L. Ruggles, Jr. Karla Scherer

Adele Simmons

Harold B. Smith* Past Chair

Nancy Spain

Carl W. Stern Astrida Orle Tantillo

Kenneth Warren

LIFE TRUSTEES OF THE NEWBERRY LIBRARY

Roger Baskes

Past Chair

T. Kimball Brooker

Anthony Dean

Hanna Gray

Neil Harris

Victoria J. Herget Past Chair

Stanley N. Katz

Barry L. MacLean

David E. McNeel

Alyce Sigler

Richard D. Siragusa

Carol Warshawsky

Robert Wedgeworth, Jr.

OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT AND LIBRARIAN

• D aniel Greene, President and Librarian

• Kristin Emery, Manager of Governance and Assistant to the President

Communications and Marketing

• Alex Teller, Director of Communications and Editorial Services

• Haku Blaisdell, Communications Coordinator

• Mary Kennedy, Graphic Designer

• Andrea Villasenor, Senior Graphic Designer

COLLECTIONS. LIBRARY SERVICES, AND EXHIBITIONS

• A lice D. Schreyer, Roger and Julie Baskes Vice President for Collections and Library Services

• Claire Dapkiewicz, Senior Program Assistant

Collection Development

• James R. Akerman, Curator of Maps

• Jo Ellen McKillop Dickie, Selector for Reference

• Jill Gage, Custodian of the John M. Wing Foundation on the History of Printing and Bibliographer for British Literature and History

• Will Hansen, Curator of Americana

• Alison Hinderliter, Lloyd Lewis Curator of Modern Manuscripts and Selector for Modern Music

• Suzanne Karr Schmidt, George Amos Poole III Curator of Rare Books and Manuscripts

• Alan Leopold, Selector for Library Science

• Matthew Rutherford, Curator of Genealogy and Local History

Collection Services Department

• Alan Leopold, Director

Acquisitions Section

• Emma Morris, Acquisitions Manager

Cataloging Section

• Jessica Grzegorski, Head of Cataloging

• Patrick A. Morris, Map Cataloging Librarian

• Cheryl Wegner, Cataloging Librarian

• Ash Wolfe, Collection Services Assistant

Cataloging Projects Section

• Megan Kelly, Head of Cataloging Projects

• Tina Saenz, Cataloging Project Librarian

Conservation Services Department

• Leith Calcote, Collections Conservator

• Luke Cimarusti, Conservation Services Assistant

• Natalia Maliga, Conservator

Digital Initiatives and Services Department

• Jennifer Thom Dalzin, Director

• Nicolas White, Digital Initiatives Web Developer and Librarian

Digital Imaging Services Section

• Catherine Gass, Photographer and Digitization Specialist

• Juan Molina Hernández, Digitization Technician

• John Powell, Digital Project Developer

Digital Initiatives Services Section

• Jennifer Wolfe, Digital Initiatives Manager

• Claire Marshall, Digital Asset Management Librarian

Exhibitions

• Patrick Kepley, Assistant Registrar and Exhibitions Specialist

Maps

• James R. Akerman, Curator of Maps

• Patrick A. Morris, Map Cataloging and Reference Librarian

Modern Manuscripts and Archives Department

• Alison Hinderliter, Lloyd Lewis Curator of Modern Manuscripts and Archives

• Catherine Grandgeorge, Manuscripts and Archives Librarian

• Emily Richardson Keeler, Digital Archivist

Reader Services Department

• Will Hansen, Director

General Collections Services Section

• Margaret Cusick, General Collections Services Librarian

• Jane Kanter, General Collections Library Assistant

• Keva Kreeger, General Collections Library Assistant

• Emma Lipkin, General Collections Library Assistant

• Andy Risley, General Collections Library Assistant

Reference and Genealogy Services Section

• K aty Darr, Reference Librarian

• Jo Ellen McKillop Dickie, Reference Services Librarian

• Grace Dumelle, Genealogy and Local History Library Assistant

• Graham Greer, Reference Librarian

• Analú López, Ayer Librarian

• Becky Lowery, Reference Librarian

• Matthew Rutherford, Curator of Genealogy and Local History

Roger and Julie Baskes Department of Special Collections Services

• Lisa Schoblasky, Special Collections Services Librarian

• Chris Cialdella, Stacks Coordinator

• Allison DeArcangelis, Special Collections Library Assistant

• Stuart Fraser, Special Collections Library Assistant

• John Martino, Special Collections Library Assistant

NEWBERRY INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH AND EDUCATION

• Laura McEnaney, Vice President for Research and Academic Programs

• Salma Geneidy, Administrative Coordinator

• Keelin Burke, Director of Fellowships and Academic Programs

• Emily Altman, Program Assistant

• Mary Hale, Assistant Director of Scholarly and Undergraduate Programs

Center for Renaissance Studies

• Lia Markey, Director

• Rebecca Fall, Program Manager

• Christopher Fletcher, Assistant Director

Hermon Dunlap Smith Center for the History of Cartography

• James R. Akerman, Director

The D’Arcy McNickle Center for American Indian and Indigenous Studies

• Rose Miron, Director

• Sarah Jimenez, Program Coordinator

Chicago Studies Program

• Liesl Olson, Director

Department of Public Engagement

• Karen Christianson, Director

Adult Seminars

• Sarah Wilson, Manager

• Alicia Zeimet, Program Coordinator

Teacher and Student Programs

• Kara Johnson, Manager

• Dylan Bingham, Program Coordinator

• Sophia Croll, Program Assistant

Public Programs

• Emily Ponchelle, Manager

• Catherine White, Program Coordinator

DEVELOPMENT

• Meredith Petrov, Vice President for Development

• Caroline Carter, Grant Writer

• Adele Dillon, Development Operations Manager

• Natalie Edwards, Director of Major and Planned Giving

• Vince Firpo, Director of Individual Giving

• Rebecca Haynes, Manager of Volunteers

• Scott Krave, Development Coordinator

FINANCE AND ADMINISTRATION

Bookshop

• Jennifer Fastwolf, Manager Business Office

• Toni Matthews, Controller

• C heryl L. Tunstill, Staff Accountant

Facilities Management

• Michael Mitchell, Facilities Manager and Chief Security Officer

• Verkista Burruss-Walker, Facilities Coordinator

• Chris Cermak, Senior Building Maintenance Worker

• Pete Diernberger, Building Maintenance Worker

Human Resources

• Brandon Brooks, Director

• Diane Burkholder, Payroll and Finance Coordinator

Information Technology

• Kamila Farshchi, Director

• Hafiz Banire, IT Support Technician

• Erik Esquivel, Systems Administrator

Internal Services

• Jason Ulane, Internal Services Coordinator

Office of Events

• C hayla Bevers Ellison, Director

• K ash Bradford, Assistant

• M artina Schenone, Assistant Director

60 West Walton Street Chicago, IL 60610 www.newberry.org