10 tsering-sonam by Ngawang tharpa

±ï - ¼Û P -zÅô h -m¤Åü 1962 ¾ô ¼ -Çe G ¯ï-μôP-DôPÅ-hGº-¿km-V-IôP-±ô¼-BïÅü ¼P¾ô - zhÝ m -mÅ-zTß - zŸÛ - z¼-ŸÛ P -Iô P -h¤PÅz®ß G Å-ÇÀ ô z -IÔ - ºIÛ ¤ Åü 1984 ¾ô ¼ -zô h hGº-¿k m -hGô m -q¼-IÔ - z-‚Åü 1987 ¾ô ¤WâG-bà-Q¤-Çeôm-Fô¤-Ç+ô¼-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-Çtï¾Mã º Û - OÛ G -º²â G Å-ÅÞ - ŸÝ G Å-q-hP.ü hGº-¿k m -hÝ - Çt ï ¾ -zºÛ M-¤Û º Û - ÇÀ ô z -GÅô º Û - ¾Å-ºGÝ ¾ -¾-ºGô G -Lô ¾ ü hï - zŸÛ m 1988 ¹- 3 ±ï Å - 5 ZÛ m -¿Ë - Å¼-Ç¨ ô m -¾¤-Vï m -¤ô º Û Ç+zÅ-Q¤-Çeôm-Fô¤-Ç+ô¼-hÝ-ŸÝGÅ-q-ÅôGÅ-ˆÛÅ-Aïm-qÅ-ºWâz¸Þ P -GÛ Å - 1992 ¹- 3 ±ï Å - 8 z¼-¾ô - zŸÛ º Û - ¼Û P -ÅÛ Fâ-hP-IÔ-zŸÛ-z®ôm-DP-hÝ-z®ôm-zTßG-‚Åü hï-XïÅ-IôP-Eï¼¿Ë - ÅºÛ - mP-¼ô G Å-q-GŸm-hP-hPô Å -ÁÝ G Å-zMã h -GÅÞ ¤ -mÅzô h -hô m -iÛ ¾ -zOGÅ-»Û G -V-hq¼-ºIï ¤ Å-Åô G Å-ˆÛ Å -»PzB¼-z®ôm-zTßG-‚ïh-Zïm-¾Å- 1993 ¾ô¼-M-G¼-hÝ-º‚ô¼ü ¾ô - hï º Û - ¹- 8 ±ï Å - 16 mÅ-¼Û G Å-¾¤-ÇÀ ô z -IÔ ¼ -ÇÀ ô z ¢ôP-‚ïh-zŸÛm-qºÛ-Ç+zÅ-zôh-hGï-ºôÅ-¢ôP-¾ô-GZÛÅ-mP-º²â¾ŸÝ G Å-ˆÛ Å -ÇÀ ô z -¢ô P -‚Åü 1995 ¹- 12 ±ï Å - 7 ZÛ m mÅ-zhï - Æâ P -zô h -GmÅ-Z¤Å-ŸÛ z -DP-hÝ - ¾Å-zT¼-ŸÝ Å ü 9-10-3

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zôh-ˆÛ-hGÝ-zTß-GÅÞ¤-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-±ôGÅ-qü Vz-ÆÛ h -z®ô m -qºÛ - ¾ô - Mã Å -hï z -yï P -ü 10

Gu-Chu-Sum Book Published by the Gu-Chu-Sum Movement of Tibet (Ex-political Prisonersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Association) Jogibara Road, P.O.McLeod Ganj Dharamsala-176219 H.P.India www.guchusum.org Biography of an activist. Vol 10

Me and My Brother Biography of Tsering Sonam Edited by Tsering Sonam Proof reading: Lobsang Tashi

Cover and Design: Sonam Tsewang Copyright ÂŠ Gu-Chu-Sum Movement of Tibet First edition 500 copies, 2005 All rights reserved. No part of this book maybe reproduced by any means without prior written permission from the publisher.

Printed at Indraprastha Press (CBT), New Delhi

h;¼-VG hq¾-¿k m -¼P-GŸÝ P -zhï - Æâ P -¾Å-DÞ P Å-mÅ-°¾-zºÛ - Vï h -zXô h ü q¼-Cæm-GÅ¾-zÁhü GTÛG ÇS ô m -JÀ ï P -ü zŸÛ ü ¾ï-±m-hP-qôü Çe G -¯ï - μô P -hP-ü Bï Å -»Þ ¾ V-IôP-±ôü .............................................................(1) ¾ï-±m-GZÛÅ-qü Çeô¼-zÁÛG-zbP-zºÛ-ÇeG-¯ï-μôP-GÛ¼ÛG-hPôÅ-Gmº-ÁÝ¾ü...................................... (16) ¾ï-±m-GÅÞ¤-qü ºƒôG-¼Û-hGï-¿km-HÛ-zdïm-dïm-q-hP.ü Çe ô ¼ -zÁÛ G -GÛ - Gô h -VGÅü ..............................(21) ¾ï-±m-zŸÛ-qü iG-lÝ P -hP-z®ô m -ºWâ G -GÛ Å hGôm-q-zTôÅ-OÛG ............................................ (35) ¾ï-±m-¿S-qü ºƒô G -¼Û - zô - Vï ¼ -zBô h -qü..............................(39) ¾ï-±m-iâG-qü M¾-GTï Å -¼Û P -¾Þ G Å-ˆÛ - hô - h¤-ÇÀ ô z -GÅô Çt ï ¾ -ºGô - ±ß G Å-qü...........................................(45)

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GÅÞ ¤ -¿S º Û - ŸÛ - Lô ¾ -Q¤-Çe ô m -Fô ¤ -Ç+ ô ¼ -¾ÅºGÝ¾-HÛ-Mãh-¼Û¤ü................................................ (55) ¾ï-±m-zMh-qü z¸ÞP-zˆÛGÅ-hP-z®ôm-zTßG ........................... (64) ¾ï-±m-hGÝ-qü hÝ Å -z;G-FÛ ¤ Å-Vh-zbP-zü ........................ (74) ¾ï-±m-zTß-qü P¾-¯ô¾-HÛ-ÇkÝG-¾Å-hP-¾ô-zŸÛºÛ¤Wâ G -bà - z®ô m -Iô ¾ ü ............................................. (81) ¾ï-±m-zTß-GTÛG-qü Gz-Çkôh-hP-ƒôÅ-‚ô¾ü ......................................... (104) ¾ï-±m-zTß-GZÛÅ-qü z¾-»Þ¾-Zïm-dôG-qºÛ-hô-h¤-hÝ-±ßh-qü ....... (118) ¾ï-±m-zTß-GÅÞ¤-qü ¤Û-¼ÛGÅ-ˆÛ-VôÅ-hh-¾-z®m-Gmôm-HÛ¾Å-ºGÝ¾ ................................................................. (129) ¾ï-±m-zTß-zŸÛ-qü ÅÞÅ-ˆP-PºÛ-Åï¤Å-mP-GÛ-w¤-D-hP-ü ÇkÝG-zÇS¾-¤Û- ÁïÅü ............................................... (143) ¾ï-±m-zTô-¿S-qü EÛ¤-fz-hP.ü BïÅ-¤ºÛ-¤fº¤Wâ G -GÛ - ¤Û - ±ï ü ....................................................... (147)

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Ç¨m-¯ºÛ-¼ÛGÅü GÅÞ ¤ -bÛ G Í-Ç~ Û - D-hP.ü Åô - ¾ô - h;¼-qô - hP-h¤¼-qô ü ¼ï ;ô P -¯Û - h¤¼ü G»º-ˆÛ - ¤ü GPÅ-h;¼-Vß P -PÞ - ü Çt P -Çt ô Å ü Çt P -¯Û hô - zô ü G¸ï ¼ -ºWô ¤ Åü Èô P -¾ï m ü ƒG-B-Èºô ü ƒG-Çt ô Å ü ±ï ¼ -ÇS ô m ü ÍÞ G -Vô Å ü JÀ P -Ço ü ÁP-ÁP.ü Çt P -Mmü Gô P -¿k ô G -qü ÁP-iÛ ¾ -Åï ¼ qô | ¯Ó - Í-zü Vß - ¯-Åô G Å-Ço ï - ¼Û G Å-ÅÞ ¤ -zM-¿Ë G -®¤-hP.ü ƒG-»ï¼qºÛ-Vß-wÞG-GÛ-ƒG-M¾-ÇKôºÛ-DÞ¾-hÝ-Ç¨m-ÁÝG-q-º±ï¼-Tmü ÇSôm-¤ô-Vzºiï m ü Bï ¼ -q-Vß - fÞ z -Åô G Å-ÇS ô - Ç¨ m -HÛ - ¼Û G Å-hP.ü V-wÞ º Û - ¼Û - Pô Å -¾fô G -mÅ-h‚¼-¯-hGÝ m -ºzÞ - Åô G Å-fô m ü

‚-¼ÛGÅü ‚-PP-q-hP.ü ¿Ë - ‚-Gô P -¤ô ü Fü PP-qü ‚-Æï G -qü wÞ G ¼ô m ü ¿U ã P -G- qÞ - ÁÝ h ü ‚-Lô h ü ºÞ G -qü ÆÛ m -‚ü wô - ¼ô G Vß - ‚ü ‚JÀ G ‚-Lô h ü B-G-Åô G Å-‚-¼Û G Å-Vï - z-hP.ü ‚Û º Þ - ºWô ¾ -¤ô - hP.ü ºô-‚ÛºÞü ¼Û-‚ÛºÞü ¾ÞG-μÛ-wôü DP-‚ÛºÞ-ÅôGÅ-‚ÛºÞ-¼ÛGÅ-ºi-¤Ûm-zTßyG-ºGº-ÁÅ-zL¾-z-»ô h ü

¼Û-hÐGÅü JÀ - z-hP.ü n-G»G Á-zü ºxÛ - zü ¼Û - zô P .ü GTm-G¸mG¸ÛG-hP.ü GÅº-G¸ÛG G»Ûü uP-;Ûü ¶-¤ôü Iâ¤-qü Æ¤-zTÅ-Åôü V-wÞºÛ-hzÞÅ-ÅÞ-¯-Vß-º²ô¤Å-qÅ-V-wÞºÛ-ºƒôG-q-hP-hGº-¿kmhGôm-qºÛ-ºƒôG-¼-£-DG-GÅÞ¤-»ôh-qºÛ-ºƒÛ-G»G-n¤Å-ÇtP-GÁôP¯Ó - fP-fô G -zG-wï z Å-ˆÛ - TÛ - hG¼-Mã - ŸÛ P .ü ¤fô - ¾-zXÛ h -VGÅ-qºÛ - V-

P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

wÞ-¼Û-mÛ-V-wÞºÛ-hzÞÅ-ÅÞ-»Þ¾-hqôm-Ghm-fôG-bà-ºDôh-q-¿e¼-hGÝm-D-zÅ>ÀâzÅ-ÁÛP-m¤-¹-hÝÅ-zŸÛ¼-w¾-Vï¼-Ç¨äG-vÛm-HÛÅ-¾-fôh-h=ÛÅ-q-hP¤±ß P Åü hï º Û - ¼Û - Mã h -ˆÛ - ‘‘ Vß ß - ¤Û G -zM-hP-zMh- ’’»ô h -q-hGÝ m -hÝ Å Vß-ºEGÅ-ˆÛÅ-B-VÛ¾-¾ï¼-»ôh-q-BÛh-VßºÛ-‚P-PôÅ-ŸôGÅ-¤hº-ÅôGÅmÅ-ˆP-GÅ¾-qô ¼ -¤fô P -fÞ z ü <<hq¾-¤Z¤-¤ï h -¼Û - zô - hGº-¿k m HÛ-h;¼-VG-ÇoP-GÅ¾-Oôm-¤ï->>¾Å-‘‘ VºÛ-wÞ-¾->ÀâºÛ-M¾-qôÅ-Xï„À-¤-ZÛh-¾-»ôm-Vz-ˆÛ-±ß¾-hÝ-wÞ¾-zºÛ-Vß-¤ÛG-zM-hP-zMh-»ôh-’’ŸïÅGÅ¾-z-hP.ü »Þ¾-¤Û-Lm-¼zÅ-±ôºÛ-Áôh-Mãm-hÝ-Xï-„À-¤-®ôP-D-qºÛ-xGyïP-‚-wô-¼ôG-GÛÅ-Eï¼-z-fô¼-mÅ-yïP-lôG-ºfô¼-Å-¼ï¼-Vß-¤ÛG-¼ï-BïÅ±ß ¾ -hP.ü ‘‘ºEGÅ-z=-ÁÛ Å - ’’Ÿï Å -q-ºEGÅ-q-JÀ P -Vï m -ºi-z-¹z-iâG-q-z¼-¤Û-zŸÝ¼-z¼-¿ËG-q-mÛ-‘‘yïP-zºÛ-¤hÝh-º²Ûm-»Ûm-q-’’ÅôGÅhGº-¿km-JÀÛP-Ç+ô¼-Xï-Oæz-DP-GÛ-Ç+Ý-GZï¼-±ôÅ-ˆP-GmÅ-xôGÅ-ˆÛ-GmÅzÁh-hï - h-Ç+ z Å-ˆP-‚ï h ü ¾ô-MãÅ-ˆÛ-IGÅ-Vïm-¤Û-Ço-GÅP-wÞºÛ-¤Dm-fôG-iâG-q-V-q-VôÅˆÛ - Åï P -Gï - uÛ - ¾ô - 1109 zô h -¼z-‚ã P -zTß - GZÛ Å -qºÛ - Å-JÀ P -¾ô ¼ -VºÛ ŸÛP-IôP-hÝ-Ç+Ý-z¿e¤Åü ‚¤Å-VôÅ-Çkï-¿S-hP-hzÞ-¤-¯-z-ÁïÅ-¼z-ÅôGÅ¾-ºIï ¾ -q-hP-±h-¤-zÇk Ý Å -q-»Û h -ˆÛ - ¤Þ m -Åï ¾ -Åô G Å-¤²hü GÅPwÞºÛ-Ghm-Å-¾ô-zTô-zMh-¤²h-TÛP-ºVh-¯ôh-¯ô¤-GÅÞ¤-HÛ-±h-¤-¼ÛG-

Çe G -¯ï - μô P -hP.ü Bï - »Þ ¾ -V-Iô P -±ô ü

qºÛ-GŸÝP-¾ÞGÅ-ºVh-Zm-h¼-Çtï¾-¤²h-mÅ-hGÝP-IPÅ-iâG-Tß-¼ï-GTÛGuÛ - ¾ô - 1160 ¼z-‚ã P -GÅÞ ¤ -qºÛ - Å-JÀ P -¾ô ¼ -Ç+ Ý - GÁï G Åü V-wÞ-ƒG-GÅïz-hGôm-q-mÛ-V-wÞ-¼ÛºÛ-ºhzÅ-ˆÛ-ƒG-GÅïz-bà-uÛ¾ô- 900 ¾ô¼->Àâ-¤ïÅ-ˆÛ-ÇÀôz-¤-ÁÙˆ-hzP-xãG-GÛÅ-º²âGÅ-Cæm-fôGIÔ-IPÅ-ÅÞ¤-Tß-»ôh-q-¼ÛG-GmÅ-GÅ¼-zXïºÛ-mP-¯-Çeô¼-ÅôP-mÅ-h-Ç+zÅzB¼-zCæm-¤-fÞz-q¼-HP-Éâ¾-hÝ-¾ÞÅ-»ôhü hGôm-GmÅ-hï-ZÛ-ºôh-ºwôGÁÝGÅ-Vï-zºÛ-¼Û-¤fôºÛ-ƒG-DÞG-bà-VGÅ-ÇezÅ-IP-P¼-Vï¼-¤ïh-¾ü ¤hÝmxôGÅ-¯Ó-fP-hP.ü hrÛh-h‚¼-GZÛÅ-ÅÞ-Åï-z-ÅôGÅ-¯ï-ÁÛP-GÛ-¤ï-bôGÇo-±ôGÅ-n¤-q¼-z=-z-hG-¾Å-fÞ¾-zºÛ-iÛ-ŸÛ¤-;Ým-¾-Ez-TÛP.ü ºƒÅ¿km-HÛ-hÝÅ-ÅÞ-Åï-zºÛ-ÇkôP-qôºÛ-±ôGÅ-¾-Åï-ºƒâ¤-n¤Å-‚ã-¼ÞºÛ-yïP-z-¿e¼¼z-bà-zMm-qü hÝÅ-zŸÛ¼-ºzz-VßºÛ-Mãm-z¸P-Á¼-Á¼-hÝ-MãGÅ-ÁÛP.ü ºWô¾-¤ô-hP-ü bÛP-bÛP-ÅôGÅ-‚-¼ÛGÅ-ˆÛ-Iï-ºHã¼-Ç‰m-qÅ-hzïm-GmÅhï-ZÛh-ˆÛ-»Þ¾-¿YôPÅ-Z¤Å-hGº-z-ŸÛG-»ôhü V-IôP-±ôºÛ-IôP-Çeôh-hÝ-m-GºÛ-ÇtP-hP-mÝ-Vß-μÛP-zÞü ¤hÝm-xôGÅ¿Ëô-PôÅ-ÅÞ-¿UP-JÀÛP-hP-ÁÝG-ÇkôP-È-TP-Vïm-qô-ŸÛG-»ôh-q-Lm-¼zÅ-±ôÅhï-Xï-„À-¤-®ôP-D-qÅ-xG-º²âGÅ-GmP-zºÛ-¾ô-MãÅ-iPÅü V-IôP-±ô¼fï ¤ -hÝ h - 27 hP.ü ¤Û - IPÅ- 155 Å-ŸÛ P -Åô m -D¾- 517 xã G Å¼Û G Å-¤Gô - IPÅ- 737 (1993 mP-GÛ - zÇk ô ¤ Å-¯Û Å ü) ®¤-»ô h ü PºÛ -

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EÛ¤-HÛ-¤hÝm-xôGÅ-ÅÞ-wÞ-Vß-hÐPÅ-G®P-hÝ-MãG-q-h‚¼-Ÿôh-Vï-Ç+zÅ-ºzzVß-MÅ-VïÅ-DP-ŸÛP-¾-Gmôh-Bôm-»ôP-GŸÛ-»P-¯Ó-Vß-º²ô¤Å-qÅ-ÇKô-xãGÅGÅô - ±GÅ-zhï ü ºƒâ - ¼Û G Å-mÅ-hP-ü hGÝ m -Iô Iô - Æmü qh-D-hP.ü Ÿô - ¾zü ÇS ô - ±¾-Åô G Å-zbz-q-mÛ - º±ô - dï m -G®ô - zô - ¼ï h ü ym-HÛ-wºÛ-w-hzP-M¾-ºƒÅ-ÇtäPÅ-hGôm-Ÿô¾-hm-zG-¼Ûm-Vïm-ÇKP-IôPÇkï-mÅ-»Ûm-q-hP.wºÛ-¤-VôÅ-Oôm-Çeôh-¾ÞP-mÅ-»Ûmü zôh-ˆÛ-hÝÅ-ºHã¼GôP-V-IôP-±ô¼-ÇÀïzÅ-bï-Çtô-zô-V-GŸÛÅ-;ºÛ-¾Å-hqôm-hÝ-Hã¼-z-hP.ü PºÛ¤-G»P-º²ô ¤ Å-Å-hï ¼ -Bï Å -ÁÛ P -Å-hï ¼ -º±ô - Çk ô h -‚ï h -¤Dm-ŸÛ G -»Û m ü w-z=-ÁÛÅ-hôm-Iâz-¤D¼-z¯ÛGÅ-ˆÛ-lô-z¸ô-¾Å-Mã¼-¤DÅ-ÁÛP¤-G»P-º²ô¤Å-zôh-Ço¤-ºDï¾-fG-¾G-zhï-¾-‚P-Vßzü uÛ-¾ô- 1956 ¾ô¼-PºÛ-Í-¤¼-GTïm-¤ô-¹-z-Oô¾-¤-BïÅ-q-mÅ-¾ô-GÅÞ¤-¼ïºÛ-fôG-ÇSXïÅ-yâ-GÝ-zhÝm-‚ãP-zºÛ-GÅÞ¤-q-P-hP.ü hï-zŸÛm-GTßP-¤ô-¹-VßP-ü ºVÛ¤ï h -G»Þ - Oô m ü wÞ ¼ -zÞ - ¤±¤Å-GTô h ü GTß P -qô - ¿Ë G -q-hP.ü zÇe m º²Ûm-»ï-ÁïÅ-zTÅ-»Ûmü yâ-GÝ-GZÛÅ-q-zÞ-¤ô-GTÛG-VßP-PÞ-mÅ-IôPÅü PºÛ - w-uÛ - ¾ô - 1983 ¾ô - ¤Wâ G -bà - h¼-MÅ-Iô P -±ô º Û - Çt ä m -Zï - ŸÛ G -GÛ ¤D¼-¾Å-ÅÞ-zBôh-Ç+zÅ-ŸÛP-IôP-hïºÛ-M¾-z®m-Pm-q-ŸÛG-GÛÅ-GmôhqÅ-ZÛ m -ÁÅ-zÇ‰àm-mÅ-ºhÅ-IôPÅ-ÅÞ- Hã¼ü

Çe G -¯ï - μô P -hP.ü Bï - »Þ ¾ -V-Iô P -±ô ü

¼Û-DÞ¾-ŸÛP-IôP-GÛ-yâ-GÝ-n¤Å-¼P-¾ô-zhÝm-mÅ-zTß-iâG-z¼-ÇÀôzIÔ¼-ºIô-Mã-μôP-hP-ÁP-IôP-ÆÛh-GŸÝP-GÛ-OÛG-z;ôh-¿e¼-P-»P-¼P-¾ôzhÝm-mÅ-GTïm-¤ô-¹-zºÛ-z¿e-dôG-ºôG-ŸÛP-IôP-ÇÀôz-IÔ¼-zBôhü ŸÛPIôP-hÝ-ÇÀôz-GÅôºÛ-V-Aïm-hP-ÇÀôz-¢ôP-GÛ-»ô-VÅ-ÅôGÅ-¤fÞm-Aïm-xôGÅGP-fh-mÅ-È-TP-GÛ-Ÿm-qÅ-hrÛh-hÝÅ-ÇÀôz-IÔºÛ-hGï-ÇÀôz-n¤Å-¼Û-fôGbà-Åï-zºÛ-¤ï-bôG-ºfÞ-mÅ-Ç¨m-¯¼-±ôP-zºÛ-¼Ûm-ºzz-ÇÀôz-yâG-GÛ-»ÛGVÅ-Zô-Mã¼-uôh-TÛP.ü ÇÀôz-±m-G®ô-zô-zôh-»ÛG-hP.ü ÍP-¯ÛÅü ¸ômzm-¯ÛÅ-MG wÛm-»ÛG-mÅ-M-»ÛG-Gô¤-q-hP-qôºÛ-ÇÀôz-±m-ÅôGÅ-¼ïhü ¼P-¾ô-zTß-zŸÛ¼-ŸÛP-IôP-ÇÀôz-IÔºÛ-º²Ûm-¼Û¤-DG-ÇÀôz-fôm-HÛÅ-μôP-ÇÀôzIÔ¼-»ÛG-MãGÅ-ºyôh-mÅ-fôm-¾-Dh-hÝ-ŸÛP-IôP-GÛ-ÇÀôz-yâG-DG-TÛGÇÀôz-IÔ-mÅ-IôP-±ô¼-xÛ¼-¾ôG-qºÛ-Aïm-HÛÅ-ÇÀôz-IÔ¼-ÅôP-mÅ-¤hÝm-¾¤¤ïh-TïÅ-P-»P-ºIô-fzÅ-¤-‚ãP.ü »Ûm-mºP-¼ÛG-GmÅ-¾-hP-Ÿïm-VïzºÛ-Çtô-qôºÛ-zÇ+Ý¾-hïh-ºôG-mP-hÝ-±GÅ-hïz-ÅôGÅ-z¿e->ÀôG-hP-ƒÛÅ-¢ôP‚ïh-hÝ-zTßG ÇÀôz-¤±¤Å-zŸG-XïÅ-¾ô-ÁÅ-IôP-±ôºÛ-¾ÞG-μÛ¼-¤PGÅü ¾ÞG500 ¿ËG-GÛ-¾ÞG-Eã¼-μÛ-zô-GÅÞ¤-»ôh-q-mÛ-P-¾Å-¾ô-m-TßP-Vï-zºÛ-zÞŸÛG-hP.ü hï-zŸÛm-¤Û-Lm-G¸ÞGÅ-fÞP-¾ô-m-iâG-Tß¼-Zï-ŸÛP-Mãm-hÝ-xãq-B-qôºÛ-Hôm-q-hP-¤Û-ƒ¾-zºÛ-¤Û-ÉïP-¤ô-zÁh-¤P-qô-‚ïh-¤Dm-ŸÛG-»ôhü

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Çe G -¯ï - μô P -hP.ü Bï - »Þ ¾ -V-Iô P -±ô ü

bï-¾-¤ôºÛ-xôGÅ-ˆÛ-BÛh-Vß-mÅ-G®P-dôGÅ-¿UP-ÁÝG-DÞG-z¼-¼ÛP-±h-uÛ¾ï - 11 »ô h -qºÛ - G®P-dô G Å-¤-»Þ ¼ -GÅ¼-z¸ô - ‚Åü ¤-»Þ ¼ -¾ÅIÔºÛ-ƒG-lô-z@ô-Mã¼-uôh-qºÛ-μÅ-¤ïºÛ-¼ÛGÅ-ºzï¾-qô-»ôh-qÅ-Ç+zÅ-hï¼¼P-¾ô-zTß-®¤-¾-Åôm-q-PºÛ-GTßP-qô-¿ËG-q¼-μÅ-¤ïºÛ-ºz¼-¤hïºÞ-ŸÛG¾G-bà - fô z -q-uÛ - DP-GÛ - yâ - GÝ - ºhÝ - º²ô ¤ Å-Å¼-Eï ¼ ü GTß P -qô - ¿Ë G -qhP-¾ô-m-¤Z¤-qºÛ-EÛ¤-¤±ïÅ-zÞ-±ï-¼ÛP-ZÛ-¤Å-Ç~¼-¤ô-¼Þz-Çeï-¤Þ-¸Û-Çt¼z-hP-fÞ G -¤-ZÛ h -mÅ-ºz¼-GÅ-‚Åü uÛ - DP-mP-μÅ-¤ï º Û - ºz¼-GÅˆÛ-Ç+h-OÅ-Gm¤-Å-ºGÝ¾-z-¿e¼-IGÅ-ÁÛP-Ç+zÅ-ÁÛG-¼ÛP-¤ÛG-GÛÅ-¤fôP¤Û - fÞ z -q¼-f¾-lÝ ¾ -º±ß z ü Iô P -¤Û - hP-zhï - ºWGÅ-Åô G Å-hï º Û - xô G ÅÅÞ - z¿e - z¼-Mã G Åü ±ï - ¼Û P -ZÛ - ¤-f¾-lÝ ¾ -Fô h -hÝ - hƒÛ ¾ -mÅ-μÅ-ÁÝ G ÅˆÛÅ-¾G-¤²âz-z;ôG-q-¤-¸h-¤ÛG-»-GTÛG-GÛ-¤ÛG-hzP-zïh-¤ïh-Hã¼ü GTßP-qô-¿ËG-q-f¾-lÝ¾-hˆÛ¾-hƒÛ¾-mÅ-im-¤ïh-hÝ-»ôh-q-¾Å-hzP-qô¼Bô m -Áô ¼ -¤-‚ã P .ü ©Å-Bô m -±zÅ-Vï - wô G -qºÛ - zÞ - ±ï - ¼Û P -ZÛ - ¤-Iô P -Eï ¼ ¿Ë-ÅºÛ-Ç¨m-DP-hÝ-zB¾-»P-¤Û-±ïºÛ-¤hÝm-¾¤-fh-GÅô-fzÅ-¤ïh-qºÛHôP-GÝm-Vïm-qô-ŸÛG-‚ãP-ü

P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

Çe ô ¼ -zÁÛ G -zbP-zºÛ - Çe G -¯ï - μô P -GÛ - ¼Û G -hPô Å -Gmº-ÁÝ ¾ ü

¾ï-±m-GZÛÅ-qü

Çeô¼-zÁÛG-zbP-zºÛ-ÇeG-¯ï-μôP-GÛ¼ÛG-hPôÅ-Gmº-ÁÝ¾ü zôh-M¾-z®m-qôºÛ-hÝÅ-mÅ-zôh-hÝ-h¼-Ez-‚ãP-zºÛ-mP-qºÛ-VôÅ¾ÞGÅ-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-¤Û-h¤PÅ-ˆÛ-º±ô-zºÛ-¿e-uôh-ÉÛ¾-qôºÛ-mP-D-ƒ¾-fzÅ¤ïh-qºÛ-G¾-VïºÛ-GmÅ-zz-z¸ÞP-Çeïü VôÅ-Çkï-ÅôGÅ-º²âGÅ-Cæm-‚ïhMã¼-»ôh-±h-GbôP-wôh-qºÛ-„Àô-ÇeôzÅ-ˆÛ-mÝÅ-ÁÝGÅ-¿km-»ôh-qÅü zôhEôm-»ôPÅ-ÅÞ-¾ô-MãÅ-»Þm-¼ÛP-¿km-qºÛ-Gmº-¼zÅ-ˆÛ-hGôm-q-hP-¿Ë-DP.ü fÞm-¤ôP-¤-»Ûm-qºÛ-VôÅ-¼ÛG-hP-ü ¼ÛG-hPôÅü XïÅ-ÁÝ¾-¼Ûm-fP-ƒ¾z-Åô G Å-º²â G Å-Cæ m -Æâ P -Bô z -‚Å-»ô h -q-zŸÛ m ü ÇeG-¯ï-μôP-DôPÅ-ÅÞºP-hÝÅ-¼zÅ-zTß-GTÛG-q¼-hGï-zÁïÅ-umÇS-zÅ-fP-h;¼-IôP-±ô¼-(hïP-hÝÅ-IôP-±ô-zTß-iâG-q-)º²âGÅ-Cæm-GmP-zºÛ-

¾ô-hGôm-q-hP.ŸôGÅ-IôP-±ô¼-(hïP-hÝÅ-IôP-±ô-iâG-qü)º²âGÅ-Cæm-‚Å-qºÛºôh-GÅ¾-hGôm-qü hÝÅ-¼zÅ-zTß-GTÛG-q¼-QôG-¾ïGÅ-qºÛ-ÁïÅ-¼zˆÛÅ-zÅ¤-Iâz-JÀÛP-hÝ-(hïP-hÝÅ-IôP-±ô-GZÛÅ-qü)º²âGÅ-Cæm-GmP-zºÛ-Ç¨mVß - hGô m -qü hÝ Å -¼zÅ-zTß - GZÛ Å -q¼-ŸP-ºIô - zºÛ - ¤Gô m -qô Å -zÅ¤Iâz-JÀÛP-hÝ-(hïP-hÝÅ-IôP-±ô-zMh-qü)º²âGÅ-Cæm-GmP-zºÛ-¸z-¾ÞP-¤Gômqô-¿Ë-DP-hP.G®P-bôG-hGï-ºhÝm-ÇKP-hÝ-hGï-zÁïÅ-Çoï-¸Þ¼-zÅ-º²âGÅCæm-GmP-zºÛ-Çoï-¸Þ¼-¼Û-Fôhü hÝÅ-¼zÅ-zTß-GÅÞ¤-q¼-ÇK-¾ô-®×-z-n¤M¾-lô-XïÅ-ŸôGÅ-h¤G-@P-IôP-±ô¼-º²âGÅ-Cæm-GmP-zºÛ-ŸôGÅ-GÝ¼Ç¨ ô m -hGô m -hP.ü hÝ Å -¼zÅ-zTô - ¿S - q¼-Åï ¤ Å-hqº-„À ô - Iô Å -M¾-¤±mHÛÅ-¤Vß¤Å-¤h¼-(hïP-hÝÅ-IôP-±ô-iâG-qü)º²âGÅ-Cæm-GmP-zºÛ-ZÛ-¿kÛP-hGômhP.fP-h;¼-IôP-±ô¼-º²âGÅ-Cæm-GmP-zºÛ-wG-¤ô-hGôm-qü hÝÅ-¼zÅzTô - ¿S - z¼-h;º-zŸÛ - ;Ý m -hGº-¤Gô m -qô Å -ºƒô ¤ -fô h -JÀ P -¼Ð - Iô P -±ô ¼ º²âGÅ-Cæm-GmP-zºÛ-JÀP-¼-hGôm-GÅ¼-hP-ºƒô¤-fôh-Hï¼-IôP-±ô¼º²âGÅ-Cæm-GmP-zºÛ-hGôm-q-¼Û-Fôhü hÝÅ-¼zÅ-zTß-iâG-q¼-¤DÅ-Iâz-zÇem-h¼-HÛÅ-¤Vß¤Å-¤h¼(hïP-hÝÅ-IôP-±ô-iâG-qü)º²âGÅ-Cæm-GmP-zºÛ-ƒG-hz¼-hGôm-hP.hÝÅ-¼zÅzTß-zhÝm-q¼-&GôP-Å-bØ-¾ºÛ-„À-¤-Ç+Ý-yïP-¿S-qÅ-ºƒô¤-fôh-hÝ-(hïP-hÝÅIôP-±ô-zTß-iâG-q-)º²âGÅ-Cæm-GmP-zºÛ-»ï¼-q-hGº-¿km-GÅP-ÇSGÅ-»PÅ-

P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

¯ï-Çeï-»ï¼-q-IÔ-±P.ü hÝÅ-¼zÅ-zTô-zMh-q¼-lô-¼ÛP-GÛ-z®ßm-¤-GZÛÅmÅ-ŸôGÅ-h¤G-@P-IôP-±ô¼-º²âGÅ-Cæm-GmP-zºÛ-zÅ¤-Gbm-JÀÛPhGô m -hP.fP-h;¼-Iô P -±ô ¼ -(hïP-hÝÅ-IôP-±ô-zTß-zhÝm-qü)º²â G Å-Cæ m -‚ÅqºÛ-lô-¼ÛP-qa-^Û-bºÛ-¿U¤-HÛ-ºhÅ-¤Vôh-xãP-±P-hGômü uÛ - ¾ô - 1100 ¾ô ¼ -GZm-¾ô - ®× - zÅ-ºƒô ¤ -fô h -hÝ - (hï P -hÝ Å -Iô P ±ô-¿S-qü)º²âGÅ-Cæm-GmP-zºÛ-Å-B-Iâz-¤fºÛ-ºƒô¤-fôh-GZm-hGôm-wÞGhP.ü uÛ - ¾ô - 1419 ¾ô ¼ -Xï - „À - ¤-®ô P -D-qÅ-zhï - Vï m -Iô P -zl¾-hÝ º²âGÅ-Cæm-GmP-zºÛ-zhï-Vïm-GÅP-ÇSGÅ-¤D¼ü uÛ-¾ô- 1600 ¾ô¼qa-Vï m -Vô Å -Mm-HÛ Å -h¼-MÅ-Iô P -±ô ¼ - (hïP-hÝÅ-IôP-±ô-GÅÞ¤-qü)º²âG ÅCæm-GmP-zºÛ-z=-ÁÛÅ-¿YôPÅü uÛ-¾ô- 1420 ¾ô¼-ºhÝ¾-º²Ûm-IGÅq-M¾-¤±m-HÛ Å -z®ß m -¤ô - ±¾-hÝ - º²â G Å-Cæ m -GmP-zºÛ - z®ß m -¤ô - ±¾hGôm-hP.ü uÛ-¾ô- 1409 ¾ô¼-Xï-„À-¤-®ôP-D-qÅ-V-hGº-¿km-ºƒôG¼Û º Û - fô G -º²â G Å-Cæ m -GmP-zºÛ - hGº-¿k m -hGô m ü uÛ - ¾ô - 900 ¾ô ¼ >Àâ-¤ïÅ-ˆÛ-ÇÀôz-¤-ÁÙˆ-hzP-xãG-GÛÅ-V-wÞºÛ-ƒG-GÅïz-bà-º²âGÅ-CæmGmP-zºÛ-V-wÞ-ƒG-GÅïz-hGômü uÛ-¾ô-hGÝ-zMºÛ-mP->Àâ-¤ïÅ-ˆÛÅ-¾¤ô-IôP-±ô¼-(hïP-hÝÅ-IôP-±ô-GÅÞ¤-qü)º²âGÅ-Cæm-GmP-zºÛ-¾-¤ô-¿UôG-hP¾-¤ô-IôP-±ô¼-(hïP-hÝÅ-IôP-±ô-¿S-qü)º²âGÅ-Cæm-GmP-zºÛ-±ï¼-GÅïz-hGômq| hï - zŸÛ m -n¤-IÔ - z=Å-DP-Çk ï - zÅ-Ÿô G Å-BÛ h -vô - Iô P -±ô ¼ -º²â G Å-

Çe ô ¼ -zÁÛ G -zbP-zºÛ - Çe G -¯ï - μô P -GÛ - ¼Û G -hPô Å -Gmº-ÁÝ ¾ ü

Cæm-‚Å-qºÛ-hGôm-q-GÅ¼-hP.ŸôGÅ-IôP-±ô¼-(hïP-hÝÅ-IôP-±ô-¿S-qü)º²âGÅCæ m -‚Å-qºÛ - GmÅ-hGô m -q-Åô G Å-»ô h ü ÇeG-¯ïºÛ-μôP-DôPÅ-ÅÞ-hGï-¾ÞGÅ-qºÛ-Iâz-¤fºÛ-wô-hGôm-ZÛ-ÁÝ¯-GTÛ G -¾-IÔ - IPÅ- 4808(V-Ç‰ ô ¤ Å-¼ô z -¯Û Å -®¤-¾Å- 59 ¸Û P -ºFâ G -Gô P hGº-¿k m -hGô m -q-GTÛ G -qÞ ¼ -IÔ - IPÅ- 5000 ¿Ë G -zL¾-z-»Û G -V¼-ºDô h ü) hP-¤ô - hGô m GÅÞ¤-¾-z®ßm-¤-IPÅ- 50 Å-BºÛ-Iâz-¤fº-º²Ûm-qºÛ-wô-hGôm-GTÛG»ô h -q¼-IÔ - IPÅ- 5 »ô h -q-zTÅ-zô h -ˆÛ - μô P -DG-GŸm-hP-ºi-z¼¼ÛG-GmÅ-GÅ¼-zXïºÛ-mP-Ço-¤P-wÞm-ÅÞ¤-±ôGÅ-qºÛ-hGôm-Çkï-hï-hGhP-hïºÛ-mP-GÛ-Ç+Ý-GÅÞP-dïm-hP-¼ÛG-hPôÅ-VzÅ-TÛG-bà-Çeô¼-zÁÛG-ÅôP.ü h-¿e-¤P-±ôGÅ-¼P-zŸÛm-HÛÅ-zB¼-Cæm-ym-zÞ-¸Ûm-q-ŸôGÅ-GÝ¼-Ç¨ômhGô m -hP.ü ƒG-hz¼-hGô m ü ¾ô - hGô m -qü wG-¤ô - hGô m -qü »ï ¼ -qhGº-¿k m -GÅP-ÇS G Å-»PÅ-¯ï - Çe ï - »ï ¼ -q-IÔ - ±P.ü ºƒô ¤ -fô h -GZmhGô m -wÞ G zhï - Vï m -GÅP-ÇS G Å-¤D¼ü ¸z-¾Þ P -¤Gô m -qô - ¿Ë - DP.ü hGº-¿k m -hGô m ü ¾-¤ô - ¿U ô G ±ï ¼ -GÅï z -hGô m ü z®ß m -¤ô - ±¾-hGô m q-zTÅ-Z¤Å-GÅô-‚ïh-¤ÞÅ-»Ûm-q-wÞh-hï-‚ÛPÅ-HP-Éâ¾-hÝ-¿ËG-q-hP-ü DG-TÛG-©ïG-¤ïh-hÝ-ÅôP-mÅ-ÁÝ¾-¿ËG-¤ïh-q¼-Hã¼ü ¿Ëô-ƒG-ºzÞ¤-q-mÛ-G®P-dôGÅ-ÁP-¼-Á-DÞG-IôP-±ôºÛ-¿Ëô-PôÅZï-ºhzÅ-ÅÞ-VGÅ-»ôhü IGÅ-Tm-¤Vôh-dïm-hï-Xï-„À-¤-„Àô-z¸P-IGÅ-

P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

qºÛ-„À-¤-¿Ëô-ƒG-m¤-¤Dº-M¾-¤±m-HÛ-GhÝP-dïm-»Ûm-q¼-IGÅ-ÁÛP.ü ¤Vôh-dïm-Vïm-qô-hïºÛ-¤fº-Ç+ô¼-hÝºP-ÆÛ-Gmôm-¤Vôh-dïm-VßP-PÞ-¤P-qôÅzÇ+ô¼-zºÛ-VGÅ-h‚ÛzÅ-Pô-¤±¼-hôh-¾ü ‚Ûm-Vïm-¤Vôh-dïm-ºhÛ¼-xGÇ+ ô ¼ -‚Å-q-¾Å-G¸º-hP-ü M¾-G¸ï ¼ ü ¤²ï - mh-Åô G Å-mh-¼Û ¤ ÅºGôG-q-hP-mh-¾Å-Iô¾-z-ÅôGÅ-Áôh-Mãm-»ôhü ¤Vôh-dïm-hï-hG-¼ÛGGmÅ-GÅ¼-zXïºÛ-½‰ÛP-Gbô¼-GÅ¼-º²âGÅ-ˆÛ-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-mP-ÁÝ¾-®¤¾Å-¤ï h -q-Çe ô ¼ -zÁÛ G -zbP-»P-ü uÛ - ¾ô - 1991 ¾ô ¼ -hh-¿k m -¤P±ôGÅ-¼P-zŸÛm-mÅ-Ÿ¾-ºhïzÅ-zÇkÝ-¼Þz-ˆÛÅ-zB¼-zCæm-Z¤Å-GÅô‚Å-XïÅ-hïP-Ç+zÅ-zôh-ˆÛ-Å-DÞ¾-ºi-¤Ûm-mÅ-GmÅ-ºhÛ¼-xG-Ç+ô¼-‚ïh¤Dm-Wï - ¤P-hÝ - ºIô - zŸÛ m -»ô h ü hï-zŸÛm-ÇeG-¯ïºÛ-μôP-DôPÅ-ÅÞ-IGÅ-Tm-HÛ-¼Û-Vß-»P-ŸôGÅwÞ¼-¼Ð-OïP-GÛ-„À-¤±ô-Wô-¤ô-¤±ô-D-hP.ü VôÅ-¾ÞP-wÞ¼-¤Gôm-qô-xG-zŸÛqºÛ - „À - ¤±ô - ¤±ô - D-¼¾ü Iâ - zŸÛ º Û - wÞ ¼ -Vô Å -M¾-„À - ¤±ô - hP-ü Oô ¾ ¤ºÛ-„À-¤±ôü n¤-ÆÅ-„À-¤±ôü VôôÅ-M¾-„À-¼Û-ÅôGÅ-hh-¤W¾-z-hPz¿e-Ç+ô¼-z-¤P-qôºÛ-»Ûh-hzP-ºyôG-qºÛ-GÅôm-ÁÝGÅ-¿kmü

ºƒô G -¼Û - hGï - ¿k m -HÛ - zdï m -dï m -q-hP.ü Çe ô ¼ -zÁÛ G -GÛ - Gô h -VGÅü

¾ï-±m-GÅÞ¤-qü

ºƒôG-¼Û-hGï-¿km-HÛ-zdïm-dïm-q-hP.ü Çeô¼-zÁÛG-GÛ-Gôh-VGÅü fÞz-hzP-¾ÞP-GÛÅ-¸Ûm-qºÛ-ºƒôG-¼Û-Vï¼üü mGÅ-±¾-Çt P -¿Y P -¤ï - bô G -D-hô G -z=üü GTm-G¸m-‚-hP-¼Û - hÐ G Å-zG-wï z Å-Mã ü ü ¼P-‚ôm-@ôÅ-z=ô¾-¿e-zÞÅ-zÇ+ô¼-zºÛ-hzÞÅüü ºW¤-¤Gô m -Vô Å -ˆÛ - M¾-qô - ®ô P -D-qÅüü zdG-hrh-hÝ - ¤¼-¤²h-hï - ŸzÅ-ˆÛ Å -zTGÅüü Å-GŸÛ¼-‚Ûm-½ÀzÅ-¤Pôm-VßP-Gbï¼-D-zbômüü hGï-¿km-¼ÛP-¾ÞGÅ-hGôm-HÛ-Æô¾-Mãm-z®ßGÅüü ŸïÅ-q-¿e¼ü hGôm-GmÅ-ºhÛ-ZÛh-mÛ-IôP-Eï¼-¿Ë-ÅºÛ-Á¼-xôGÅ-ÇeG-¯ï-μôP-DôPÅ-ˆÛ-

P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

hzP-Ç+Ý¼-¼ÛºÛ-¼Û-Ç+ïh-hP-ºGôG-q-¼ÛºÛ-z¼-hÝ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-hP.ü IÔ-±PGZÛ Å ü »PÅ-q-Tmü G¸Û ¤ -Vß P -FÛ - fô G -DP.ü GÅï ¼ -FÛ - DP.ü DP±m-ZÛ - ÁÝ - ¯-GÅÞ ¤ ü IÔ - ÁG uÛ - DP-DG ‚P-¯ï - ¼Û - Fô h ü ¿S - ¤Vô h DP.ü ¤Gôm-DP.ü JÀÛP-Ç+ô¼-¾¤-hÝ-Oæz-DP-ÅôGÅ-GTÛG-GÛÅ-GTÛG¤-OÛz-q¼-»PÅ-qºÛ-¼Å-GŸÛºÛ-fôG-GÛ-ƒÛÅ-fP-PôÅ-ˆÛ-DP-z¸P-¿e¼¤VôG-bà-¤²ïÅ-ÁÛP-wm-±ßm-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-fôG-mÅ-VGÅ-»ôh-qÅ-¼Û-IôPŸÛ G -hP-¤±ß P Å-¾ü VGÅ-»Þ ¾ -HÛ - ¤fô - ±h-M-¤±ô º Û - Pô Å -mÅ-uÛ - Fï 4600 fô G -¯ï G -¤fô - Áô Å -GÅÞ ¤ -mÅ-zŸÛ - hP-ü M-Eô m -uÛ - Fï - Iâ - zŸÛ ¤| 107500 ®¤-»ô h ü hGô m -qºÛ - mP-GÛ - Ç+ Ý - GÅÞ P -dï m -G®ô - Vï º Û mP-GÛ-ZÝP-PÞ-®¤-zXôh-mü M-mG-GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-HÛÅ-zbôm-qºÛ-<<zôh¿Y ô P Å-mP-zÇe m -hÝ Å -hï z -hP-qô º Û - >>mP-GÅ¾-q-¿e ¼ -Xï - ¼P-GÛ Å zŸï P Å-qºÛ - fÞ z -hzP-±ß ¾ -FÛ ¤ Å-¤ü ¿Ë - ÅºÛ - Wô - zô - ¾Å-Fâ - GP-¤fô - zzŸÝ G Å-ºI¤-M-wÛ z Å-ZÛ Å -¯ï G hï º Û - G»ô m -hP-qô ¼ -M¾-±z-h¼-¤¼Ûm-Vïm-HÛÅ-fÞGÅ-h¤-hÝ-zŸïPÅ-q-GÅï¼-¸PÅ-ˆÛ-ºôh-hqG-¤ïhü GZÛÅq¼ü ¤DÅ-Iâ z -hGï - ¾ï G Å-hq¾-z¸P-GÛ Å -fÞ G Å-h¤-hÝ - zŸï P Å-qG¸ï ¼ -¸PÅ-ˆÛ - fÞ z -hzP-ü GÅÞ ¤ -q¼ü ºDô ¼ -hG-q-n¤-zMh-ˆÛ - mPGÅï Å -ºW¤-h;¼-z-hq¾-¿k m -z¸P-qô º Û - GhÝ P -dï m ü zŸÛ - q¼ü Ÿ¾ÇS-z-¼Ûm-Vïm-ºôh-¸ï¼-HÛ-fÞGÅ-h¤-hÝ-zŸïPÅ-q-GÅï¼-¸PÅ-ˆÛ-ºôh-hqG-

ºƒô G -¼Û - hGï - ¿k m -HÛ - zdï m -dï m -q-hP.ü Çe ô ¼ -zÁÛ G -GÛ - Gô h -VGÅü

¤ï h ü G®ô - zô º Û - G»Å-xô G Å-ÅÞ ü z-Åô - Vô Å -ˆÛ - M¾-¤±m-HÛ Å -¿Ë - DPM-zBï h -GmP-Çe ï ü hP-qô ¼ ü M¾-z-Åï P -Gï - P-¼ô - Åï ¤ Å-hqº-GZÛ Å hP-zTÅ-qü GZÛ Å -q¼ü Çk ï - q-BÛ h -Áô h -qÅ-zŸï P Å-qºÛ - GÅï ¼ -¸PÅˆÛ-fÞz-hzP.ü GÅÞ¤-q¼ü Çkï-q-ÇeG-¯ï-zÅ-zŸïPÅ-qºÛ-GÅï¼-¸PÅˆÛ-M¾-z-‚¤Å-qü zŸÛ-q¼ü BÛh-Áôh-ŸzÅ-iâP-PG-hzP-zÇem-º²ÛmºyÛ m -¾Å-ˆÛ - GhÝ P -dï m ü ¿S - q¼ü FÛ - Tô - mï - „À ô - z¸P-h¼-MÅ-ˆÛ - GhÝ P dï m -hPÞ ¾ -¾Å-Iâ z -q-zTÅü Mz-I¾-hÝ - G®ô - zô º Û - G»Å-FÛ - PG-hzP-¤Vô G -¿k m -HÛ - hPÞ ¾ GhÝ P .ü G»ô m -hÝ - FÛ - M¾-¤±m-Åï P -Gï º Û - GhÝ P -dï m -hPÞ ¾ -¾Å-Iâ z -qzTÅ-zŸÝ G Å-ÅÞ - GÅô ¾ ü ¤Gô m -DP-mP-ºWÛ G Å-‚ï h -hP.ü ¾Å-ˆÛ GÁÛm-Xï-»z-»Þ¤-zTÅ-Xï-¼P-GÛ-hÝÅ-ÅÞ-zŸïPÅ-qü ºWÛGÅ-‚ïh-ˆÛ-G»ÅÅÞ| xG-iâG-¤Gôm-qô-hP-¿Ë-¤ô-Gmôh-¢Ûm-zŸÛü »P-M¾-qô-¼ô¾-qºÛÇezÅ-ˆÛÅ-zŸÝGÅ-qºÛ-xG-iâG-¤Gôm-qô-¤DÅ-Iâz-XïºÛ-fÞGÅ-h¤-dïmü ÇeïP-fôG-Oæz-¤Vôh-DP-hÝ-G®ô-zô¼-Xï-¼P-GÛ-hÝÅ-ÅÞ-zŸïPÅ-qºÛ-hzÞÅÅÞ-GÅP-ºhÝÅ-ˆÛ-„ÀôÅ-zÇÀP-hˆÛ¾-ºDô¼-GÅï¼-¸PÅü zdïm-q-¿Ë-ÅôGZÛÅü G®ô-zô-¤Û-zBôh-lô-Xï-hPÞ¾-ƒï-Vïm-GZÛÅ-hP.ü ºDô¼-hï-zŸÛmGÁïGÅ-q-zŸÛ-¼ï-¼ï-¾-hPÞ¾-ƒï-Vïm-xïh-GZÛÅ-¼ï-¾Å-Iâz-qü ¿Ë-GŸmn¤Å-GÅï ¼ -¸PÅ-¾Å-zŸï P Åü

P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

hïºÛ-Á¼-hÝ-zhï-¤VôG-¾é-ÍÛ-qºÛ-„ÀôÅ-zÇÀP-GÛ-hˆÛ¾-ºDô¼-¿Ëiâ G -Tß - ¯-GZÛ Å ü G®ô - zô - zhï - ¤Vô G -»z-»Þ ¤ -¾-hPÞ ¾ -ƒï - Vï m -GZÛ Å ü ¤Dº-ºIô - ¤-zŸÛ - ¾-hPÞ ¾ -ƒï - xï h -GZÛ Å -¼ï ü GŸm-n¤Å-GÅï ¼ -¸PÅ¾Å-Iâ z -qü GÅP-ºhÝ Å -ˆÛ - mÝ z -bà - lô - Xï - h‚Û P Å-ˆÛ - hˆÛ ¾ -ºDô ¼ -„À ô Å zÇÀP-¿Ë-zTß-GÅÞ¤ü G®ô-zô-lô-Xï-h‚ÛPÅ-¾-hPÞ¾-ƒï-Vïm-GZÛÅü mP¤-zŸÛ ¼ -hPÞ ¾ -ƒï - Vï m -GZÛ Å -¼ï ü GŸm-n¤Å-GÅï ¼ -¸PÅ-¾Å-Iâ z -qü hï - f¤Å-Th-y-Mm-wÞ m -ÅÞ ¤ -±ô G Å-qÅ-vÅ-qü Mã h -Çk ï - mÅ-zÁh-qºÛ ±h-hP-¿k m -q-Xï - ¼P-GÛ Å -¤²h-qÅ-Pô - ¤±¼-zºÛ - dGÅ-‚ã P .ü hï - hGGÛ-G»Å-ÅÞ-ƒG-ÇKô¤-q-Vïm-qôºÛ-GhÝP-dïmü FÛ-ÇeG-IGÅ-qºÛ-GhÝPdïmü FÛ-±ï-zÇem-M-¤±ôºÛ-GhÝP-dïmü n¤-M¾-¤Vôh-dïm-GTÛG ‚PVßz-¤Vôh-dïm-GTÛG-zTÅ-zŸÝGÅü ¾Û-¤-¿Ë-DP-hÝ-¤Û-hzP-IGÅ-q-M¾-¤±m-mÅ-wÞ¾-zºÛ-fÞz-hzPÇ+Ý-¾Û-¤ü XïºÛ-fÞGÅ-h¤-dïm-Ç+Ý-¾Û-¤-¤P-qôü GÅï¼-Ç+Ý-zM-yG-¤Pqô| Xï-¼P-GÛÅ-zŸïPÅ-qºÛ-ºWÛGÅ-‚ïh-¿Ë-zTß-GÅÞ¤-¤ºÛ-„ÀôÅ-zÇÀPhˆÛ¾-ºDô¼-GÅï¼-¸PÅ-zTÅü hï-zŸÛm-VôÅ-Xï-„Àô-IôÅ-VôÅ-BôP-GÛÅzŸïPÅ-qºÛ-GÅ¼-¤-¿Ë-DP-hÝ-Xï-hï-ZÛh-ˆÛÅ-zŸïPÅ-qºÛ-GÅï¼-¸PÅ-¾ÅIâ z -qºÛ - fÞ z -hzP-Ç+ Ý ü hPÞ ¾ -HÛ - GhÝ P -dï m ü G»Å-ÅÞ ü Á¼-Vô Å -¹IGÅ-ˆÛ Å -zŸï P Å-qºÛ - GÅï ¼ -¸PÅ-¾Å-Iâ z -qºÛ - fÞ z -hzP.ü

ºƒô G -¼Û - hGï - ¿k m -HÛ - zdï m -dï m -q-hP.ü Çe ô ¼ -zÁÛ G -GÛ - Gô h -VGÅü

hï º Û - G»Å-ÅÞ ü Á¼-q-¼Û m -Vï m -M¾-¤±m-HÛ Å -zŸï P Å-qºÛ GÅï ¼ -¸PÅ-¾Å-Iâ z -qºÛ - ºô h -hqG-¤ï h ü hï º Û - G»Å-ÅÞ ü Á¼-q-ZÛ IGÅ-ˆÛÅ-zŸïPÅ-qºÛ-GÅï¼-¸PÅ-¾Å-Iâz-qºÛ-Ç¨m-qºÛ-M¾-qôºÛ-Ç+Ýü G®ô-zôºÛ-G»ôm-hÝ-GÅï¼-¸PÅ-¾Å-Iâz-qºÛ-Xï-„Àô-IôÅ-VôÅ-BôP-GÛ-Ç+Ýü um-ÇS-„Àô-IôÅ-M¾-¤±m-HÛÅ-zŸïPÅ-qºÛ-GÅï¼-¸PÅ-¾Å-Iâz-qºÛ-‚¤Åq| hï º Û - G»Å-G»ô m -hÝ - Åï ¤ Å-hqº-GZÛ Å ü hï º Û - G»ô m -hÝ - ¤Û - G»ô z-h;¼-qô ü hï º Û - G»ô m -hÝ - ºW¤-hq¾-h‚PÅü hï º Û - G»ô m -hÝ - FÛ - Áï Å ¼z-h¼-MÅ-ˆÛÅ-zŸïPÅ-qºÛ-fÞz-hzP-zTÅ-GÅï¼-¸PÅ-Á-ÇeG hïºÛG»ôm-hÝ-FÛ-hGï-ºhÝm-wÞm-±ôGÅ-HÛÅ-zŸïPÅ-qºÛ-hPÞ¾-ÇkôP-zTÅü „À - ¤-¿Ë - DP-hÝ ü hPÞ ¾ -¾Å-Iâ z -qºÛ - Xï - ®ô P -D-qºÛ - Ç+ Ý - GÅÞ ¤ ü GÅï ¼ -¸PÅ-¾Å-Iâ z -qºÛ - Xï º Û - Ç+ Ý - GZÛ Å -hP.ü Ç¨ m -„À ü &qa-Vï m -„À ô z¸P-Vô Å -Mmü Wô - zô - Xï ü ºƒô ¤ -Çe ô m -qü M¾-¤Vô G -¿S - qü Wô - zô - Xï hP-XïºÛ-n¤-f¼-ŸÛP-z;ôh-fP-G- GmÅ-zdm-zTß-iâG-GÛ-ÅÛºÞ-fP.ü z;ººHã¼-GÅï¼-ƒÛÅ-Çkï-ÆÛh-¸PÅ-¼Û-zÅ-wÞ¾-zü XïºÛ-GÅÞP-ºzÞ¤-zTÅü zhï-GÁïGÅ-¿Ë-DP-hÝ-FÛ-zÅôh-m¤Å-VôÅ-ºwï¾-HÛ-hPÞ¾-ÇkôPÅô G Å-hPÞ ¾ -HÛ - ¤Vô h -dï m -zTô - ¿S . ü »P-Çe ï P -hÝ - „À - ¤-¿Ë - DP-hÝ - FÛ - hGï ºhÝ m -zÇe m -q-h¼-MÅ-ˆÛ - hPÞ ¾ -Çk ô P -Åô G Å-hPÞ ¾ -Çk ô P -zMh-zŸÝ G Åü GÅï ¼ -Çk ô P -¿Ë - DP-hÝ ü G®ô - zô ¼ -hPÞ ¾ -Çk ô P -¤fô P -z-hô m -¿k m ü FÛ - fô G -

P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

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ºƒô G -¼Û - hGï - ¿k m -HÛ - zdï m -dï m -q-hP.ü Çe ô ¼ -zÁÛ G -GÛ - Gô h -VGÅü

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P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

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ºƒô G -¼Û - hGï - ¿k m -HÛ - zdï m -dï m -q-hP.ü Çe ô ¼ -zÁÛ G -GÛ - Gô h -VGÅü

hP-ü ³Ëñ->ÄÛ¤ü hPÞ¾ü ¸PÅü ¾Ûü ¼Ûm-fP-Tm-HÛ-Ç+Ý-z½‰m-hP.ü yMmü GÅï ¼ -hPÞ ¾ -HÛ - ¤Vô h -;ô P .ü bÛ P .ü ¤Vô h -qºÛ - »ô - VÅü hï zŸÛ m -¤Vô h -μÅ-hP-ü W-ÇK ¤ ü ±ô G Å-Ghmü z;¼-ºWâ G -hPô Å -mô ¼ ü Fô-¸PÅ-ˆÛ-Çoôhü ±ôm-F-Tm-HÛ-ÁÛP-VÅ-¾ïGÅ-IÅ-ÅôGÅ-xôGÅ-GTÛGbà - zÇk Ý - Çt ä P -GÛ Å -hô - VÅ-hP.ü ºƒâ - ¼Û G Åü hPô Å -qô - ¿Ë - DP-hP-ºhÝ DP-DG-mP-GÅô G -ºWâ G -‚Åü hï - mÅ-uÛ - ¾ô - 1961 ¾ô ¼ -hGô m -qmÅ-IôP-Eï¼-¿Ë-Å¼-hô-Bï¾-½ÀPÅ-ºDô¼-mP-hzô¼-ºiïm-HÛÅ-¼Û¤-zŸÛmM-mG-bà - hzô ¼ -ºiï m -‚Åü h¤-qºÛ - GÅÞ P -¼z-hP.ü xG-hqï ü IÔ - ±P-GZÛ Å -ˆÛ - »Û G -Vü GÅÞP-ºzÞ¤ü ¤Vôh-μÅ-½‰ÛP-Éâ¾-hP.ü Ghm-VÅ-½‰ÛP-Éâ¾-¾-ÅôGÅqºÛ - ¼Û G -hPô Å -¤P-qô - ŸÛ G -¤ï ¼ -zÆï G Å-q-hP-ü G»Þ G Å-qü ºWÛ ¤ Ç+ Ý º Û - ¿Ë - Ç+ Ý - Åô G Å-M-h¤G-hP.ü M-¤Û º Û - ¾Å-‚ï h ü h¤¼-Æâ P -h¤G hï-zŸÛm-VôÅ-ˆÛ-GmÅ-¾ÞGÅ-¤Û-ÁïÅ-qºÛ-IÔ-q-Èà¼-z¯ôm-q-ºGº-ÁÅ-ˆÛÅˆP-¤Z¤-hÝ-Çe-¼ï-z¸ÞP-mÅ-Çeô¼-zÁÛG-‚Åü hPôÅ-Iâz-±ï-¼ÛP-¸ï¼-zºÛzôh-¤Û-ŸÛG-GÛÅ-h¤-Tm-VôÅ-M¾-HÛ-GZº-fôG-zŸôm-mÅ-Çeô¼-z-h¤PÅFô h -hÝ - ¾z-JÀ ï P -Vï - ŸÛ P .ü Ç+ z Å-hï ¼ -¿Ë - Ç+ Ý - Çe ô ¼ -z-¤Û G -¤fô P -¾G-¸Û m ‚ãP-zºÛ-zôh-¤Û-Lm-¼zÅ-±ôÅ-¿Ë-ÁÛ-zºÛ-¼ô-Pô-¤-Ç+zÅ-hï-hÝÅ-¤fôP-‚ãPŸïÅ-¾z-JÀïP-‚ïhü ¾ô-Pô-zTßºÛ-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-hïºÛ-mP-GÅï¼-ÇkôP-Vïm-¤ôºÛ-

P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

¼Û m -fP-Tm-HÛ - w-¾¤-hP.ü y-Mmü GÅï ¼ -hPÞ ¾ -Åô G Å-„À P Å-mÅmP-hÝ-®m-hm-HÛÅ-zŸïPÅ-qºÛ-¤Vôh-ÇkôP-zÁÛG-q-hP.ü GhÝP-dïm-zÞ¤qºÛ-mP-hÝ-®m-hm-ÇK¤-mP-zŸÝGÅ-ÅÞ-GÅô¾-zºÛ-Xï-„À-¤-®ôP-D-qºÛ-Ç+Ýh¤¼-GhÝP-¸Û¾-q-Fô¤-¤ï-z-hzÞ-C-¿Yôm-z¸P-GÛ-ºhz-¤-zŸÛm-»¼-¿kmBï-z¸P-GÛ-±ß¾-hÝ-zŸÝGÅ-q-xÛ¼-zbôm-mÅ-Ç+Ý-ŸzÅ-ºƒôG-¤Û-‚¤Å-q„À ô - Iô Å -hP.ü G®P-dô G Å-Iô P -±ô - zŸÛ - qºÛ - Í-¾G-Vß - G»ô Å -qü ƒGG»z-Lm-Í-;G-ÅôGÅ-¾-hGº-¿km-ºGôG-q-¼ÛºÛ-fôG-ŸÝGÅ-ºzÞ¾-‚ïhhÝ-zTßG PºÛ-Çtô-©ô-hP-Zï-zºÛ-Lm-Í-;G-hP-Í-¾G-Vß-G»ôÅ-qÅ-XïºÛÇ+Ý-GhÝP-ŸÝGÅ-ºzÞ¾-Ç+zÅ-GÅP-Z¼-fÞz-qºÛ-GhÝP-f¾-ym-zÞ-GmPz-P-yâ-GÝºÛ-Ç+zÅ-Çtô-qôÅ-d-¤²ô-G-±ôh-vh-ˆP-ºhÛ-ºi-fôz-Ç+¾-¤ïhTïÅ-GmPÅ-Vïm-qô¼-¯Û-zŸÛm-mP-¤Û-zhï-¤Ûm-Ç+zÅ-‚Ûm-Tm-¯-Vïm-ŸÛGbà - ¯Û Å -mÅ-zï h -uô h -q-im-GÅô Å ü Xï º Û - Ç+ Ý - GhÝ P -ŸÝ G Å-ºzÞ ¾ -‚ï h -ZÛ m -Lm-‚¤Å-q-zÇe m -ºwï ¾ hGº-¿km-HÛ-ºƒôG-¼-mÅ-Ç+Ý-ŸzÅ-ºƒôG-¤Û-‚¤Å-q-„Àô-IôÅ-¾-wÞ¾-MãºÛŸô-zÇo¤Å-mÅ-hGôm-q¼-wïzÅ-Ç+zÅü hGôm-mP-mÅ-XïºÛ-Ç+Ý-GhÝP-ŸÝGÅºzÞ¾-‚ïh-zŸÛm-q-GÅm-q-hP-hï-¤-ZÛh-hÝ-ºGôG-¼ÛºÛ-xôGÅ-ÅÞ-wïzÅü M-¤ÛºÛ-¾Å-‚ïh-q-n¤Å-ºw¼-MP-hÝ-Ço-z¼-Ç~¼-¤ô-z;z-Çeï-zÇkh-qÅü

ºƒô G -¼Û - hGï - ¿k m -HÛ - zdï m -dï m -q-hP.ü Çe ô ¼ -zÁÛ G -GÛ - Gô h -VGÅü

XïºÛ-Ç+Ý-GhÝP-ŸÝGÅ-ºzÞ¾-Iâz-q-hP-Ÿô-Çoôh-mP-GhÝP-f¾-GP-®¤-zÇo¤ÅfÞ z -q-‚ã P -GÅÞ P Åü ŸÝ G Å-ºzÞ ¾ -Iâ z -Xï Å -GhÝ P -f¾-zÁÝ ¾ -¾Þ Å -¤ï h q-ºGôG-¼ÛºÛ-fôG-Gbô¼-hÝ-zTßG-q-¼ïhü ¾Å-ºGÝ¾-hïºÛ-mP-Xï-„À-¤-®ôP-D-q-mÅ-M¾-±z-fÞz-zÇem-;ÝmhGº-z¼-HÛ-hGº-¿km-FÛ-fôG-hGÝ-zTß-Gô-iâG-GÛ-Ç+Ý -GhÝP-»ôh-q-n¤ÅzÁÛG-Çeô¼-HÛÅ-¼Ûm-fP-ƒ¾-zºÛ-¼ÛG-hPôÅ-y-Mm-»ôPÅ-μôGÅ-„ÀPÅ-mÅhh-dï m -Ç+ Ý - GhÝ P -hï - hG-hÝ Å -GTÛ G -bà - ©ï G -¤ï h -z¸ô Å ü ¼Û m -qô - Vï º Û - yMm-VßP-¼ÛGÅ-±ßm-z;ôG-mÅ-GÅï¼-hPÞ¾-¾Û-¸PÅ-ˆÛ-Ç+Ý-z½‰mü ¤VôhVÅü hï - zŸÛ m -hPô Å -¼Û G Å-»ô h -±h-M-mG-GŸÝ P -GÛ Å -Eï ¼ -z-¤-¸hü ¤Û-¶P-wô-¿Ë-zÅ-zôh-ˆÛ-Vz-ÆÛh-¾ô-zTß-hGÝ-BôP-¼ÛP-hGº-¿km-hÝ-&M¾zºÛ-z;º-ºHã¼-¼Ûm-qô-Vï-GÅï¼-ƒÛÅ-¤-º²¤-JÀÛP-G»Å-zŸG-ÅôGÅVïh-zCæm-¤²h-qºÛ-qôh-hï-n¤Å-ˆP-hÝÅ-¼Û¤-hïºÛ-mP-hGº-¿km-GÅï¼FÛ º Û - Mz-ˆÛ - ÆP-¾¤-hÝ - ¤ï ¼ -zÆï G Å-qÅü Ç+ z Å-hï ¼ -hqï - f¾-Å-ºô G bà-±ßh-q-ÁïÅ-qºÛ-IÔ-Lm-n¤Å-XïÅ-ÅÞ-ÆP-¾¤-hï-Mãh-hÝ-wïzÅ-Mã¼-»Pº²ï¤ Å-¸ôm -‚ïh ü M-¤ÛºÛ-h¤¼-h¤G-GÛÅ-fôG-¤-mÅ-hGôm-q-¿Ë-DP-Çeô¼-zÁÛGGbôP-MãºÛ-È¤-Åï¤Å-zTPÅ-mÅ-hGôm-mP-GÛ-¼Ûm-fP-Tm-HÛ-hPôÅ-¼ÛGÅ»ôh-±h-ºEï¼-XïÅ-¿Ë-DP-Vï-DG-hP.hGº-¿km-±ôGÅ-Vïm-ÅôGÅ-ˆÛ-¯ÛG-

P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

¸Þ¼-¾-μÅ-¤ï-zMz-Çeï-Çeô¼-zü DP-q-fôG-zÁÝÅ-ˆÛÅ-GhÝP-¿U¤-ÅôGÅÁÛP-V-iG-¼ÛGÅ-ºEï¼-zÁÝ¾-HÛ-ÁÛP-GôG-¤Û-¤P-hˆãÅ-¤Å-zÞh-ÁÛP-ÅôGÅ¾-uôh-Mã¼-zOæGÅü M-h¤G-GÛÅ-DP-q-Çeô¼-mÅ-ÁÛP-V-hô-Bï¾-½ÀPÅºDô¼-mP-hzô¼-Mã¼-¿ËG-qü ¤Û-Åï¼-±ôÅ-¿+ôG-¾-ºEï¼-mÅ-h¤G-¤ÛÅz¸ÞP-Çeï-hô-h¤-‚Å-qºÛ-GmÅ-±ß¾-»P-‚ãP-¾ÞGÅ-zôh-¤Û-Lm-¼zÅ-±ôÅGÅÞ P Åü ºƒôG-¼Û-hGº-¿km-Çeô¼-zÁÛG-ÅôP-z-¤Û-zŸÛ-ÁôG-DG-GÛ-G»ômf¾-‚-uôh-hP-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-¤Û-h¤PÅ-¾-D-G»ôGÅ-‚Å-q-®¤-¾Å-M-¤ÛºÛh¤¼-h¤G-hqÞP-Çkï-ŸÛG-GÛÅ-Gô-¼Û¤-¿km-qºÛ-ÇKô-mÅ-¯-¤ïh-z¸ôÅ-q-mÛü hôm-hPôÅ-ˆÛ-Gmh-hôm-ŸÛG-»Ûm-q-M-mG-M¾-»ôPÅ-¤Û-¤P-ºfÞÅ-¤Û-±ôGÅVïm-HÛ-ÍÞ-»ôm-=P-GŸôm-q-P-wôh-PG-hzP-ºWÛGÅ-¤ïh-&qa-Vïm-Ç+Ýyï P -zTß - q-¤Vô G -hP-¿Ë m -hÝ - uÛ - ¾ô - 1985 ¾ô ¼ -hGº-¿k m -hÝ - wï z ÅÇ+zÅü hGº-¿km-hGôm-qºÛ-¤hÝm-PôÅ-Fô¤-ÇKP-mÅ-‘‘IGÅ-Tm-GmºÁÝ¾-ºhÛ-ÆÛh-GŸÝP-¤ïh-qºÛ-¼ÛP-¾ÞGÅ-mP-Çeô¼-zÁÛG-ÅôP-z-ŸÛG-¤Ûmq¼ü Ç+zÅ-hï¼-ÆÛh-GŸÝP-»ôh-ˆP-ÆÛh-GŸÝP-GÛÅ-Gô-¤-Vôh-q¼-VïhhÝ - Çe ô ¼ -mÅ-Xï Å -ÅÞ - hGô m -q-Gbô ¼ -¤Dm-¤Û - ¤P-¾-DG-h=Û - ‚Å-q¼ï h . ’’Åô G Å-ŸÛ z -GÅ¾-HÛ - z;º-ÇÀ ô z -GmP-z-hP.ü Ç+ z Å-hï ¼ -;Ý m G¸ÛGÅ-&qa-Vïm-Ç+Ý-yïP-zTß-q-¤VôG-GÛÅ-ˆP-‘‘hGôm-qºÛ-h¤PÅ-zhG-

ºƒô G -¼Û - hGï - ¿k m -HÛ - zdï m -dï m -q-hP.ü Çe ô ¼ -zÁÛ G -GÛ - Gô h -VGÅü

=âºÞ-¼ïm-zTôÅ-OÛG-hGôÅ-Mã¼-hGôm-q-Çeô¼-zÁÛG-Ç+zÅ-ˆÛ-=âºÞ-¼ïm-h¿eºP-=âºÞ-¼ïm-hÝ-zŸG-»ôh-qÅü hï-mÛ-¤Û-ºôÅ-q-hP-¤Û-º±¤-qÅ-PïÅq¼-hÝ - zXï - Nå ¼ -hGô Å -Ÿï Å -GÅÞ P Å-q-hP.ü Ç+ z Å-hï ¼ -cï - Èô ¼ -DP-±mhP-ü ±-z-DP-±mü >À â - ºzÞ ¤ -DP-±mü ZG-¼-DP-±mü ¤Pº-¼Û Å DP-±m-ÅôGÅ-V-ÁÅ-Z¤Å-GÅô-‚Å-q-n¤Å-HP-Éâ¾-Fôh-hÝ-D-fô¼-¾GmÅ-»ôh-q¼-zdïmü &qa-Vïm-¼Ûm-qô-Vï-¤VôG-GÛÅ-h-¿e-º²âGÅ-Cæm‚Å-q-hGôm-qºÛ-hˆÛ¾-hÝ-D-fô¼-¤Ûm-qºÛ-ÇÀôz-IÔ-¿e-zÞ-ŸÛG-hP-HP-Éâ¾hï-hG-zl¾-mÅ-¿UP-¤-z®ßGÅ-m-ŸïÅ-hP.ü ¤hô¼-m-hGôm-q-ºhÛ-ZÛhzB¼-hÝ-º²âGÅ-Cæm-‚Å-bï-Xï-„À-¤-fÞGÅ-hHïÅ-q-ŸÛG-P-¼P-¼P-GÛÅz¸ô - »Û - »Û m - ’’ TïÅ -fÞG Å-ÇtôzÅ-Vïm -qôÅ-z;º-z°¾ü hÝÅ-¼Û¤-hïºÛ-mP-M-¤ÛºÛ-h¤¼-h¤G-ÅôGÅ-ˆÛÅ-IGÅ-Tm-GmºÁÝ¾-hïºÛ-xÛ-mP-Çoôh-zTßh-»ôPÅ-μôGÅ-Gbô¼-zTô¤-‚Å-XïÅ-ºƒôG-¼Û-hGº¿k m -HÛ - Dô ¼ -»Þ G -¾ºP-Çe ô ¼ -Bô m -±zÅ-Vï m -ŸÛ G -‚ã P -z-mÛ ü GÁ¤-ºô G JÀP-±ï¼-IôG-¼ôP-mÅ-ºƒôG-¼ÛºÛ-¾ôGÅ-ˆÛ-¤²ô-¤ôºÛ-ŸzÅ-XïÅ-xôGÅ-ºƒôG¼Û-iG-z®m-HÛ-PôGÅ-ÅÞ-Åï-z-hP-JÀP-±ï¼-HÛ-mGÅ-±¾-¼z-bà-MÅ-ÁÛP¤Pôm-q¼-zXÛh-q-ŸÛG-»ôh-qü GÅ¼-zXï-hP-ºfz-¯ôh-ˆÛ-¾Å-ºGÝ¾½ÀzÅ-qô-VïºÛ-mP-Dô¼-»ÞG-ÆâP-Bôz-ˆÛ-¼Û-M-mGÅ-GÅôºÛ-Gb¤-Mãh-n¤ÅVß-»Û-¶â-z-¿e¼ü GÅ¼-zXïºÛ-hÝÅ-¼zÅ-ˆÛ-½ÀâP-º±ßz-G»ôÅ-bï-GÅ¼-

P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

zXïºÛ-‚-uôh-ˆÛ-M-¤±ô¼-»¾-mÅ-Åï-z-hP-JÀP-±ï¼-HÛ-mGÅ-±¾-¤Pômq¼-zXÛh-q-hï-hG-ÁÝ¾-¿ËG-¤ïh-q-¯-z;ôG-zbP-Çeï-ÁÛP-BïÅ-ÁÝ¾-®¤¤ïh-q¼-h-V-Å-¿kïzÅ-ÅÞ-w-zôP-®¤-¾Å-¤Û-¤Pôm-q¼-Hã¼-z-hP.ü ºGôG¼ÛºÛ-Ç¨h-xôGÅ-ÅÞ-±-¼ÞºÛ-ÁÛP-GÛ-mGÅ-±¾-ÇeàG-qô-hï-n¤Å-G®P-dôGÅÁP-GÛÅ-ŸÛP-¾Å-fôm-Bïh-¾Å-hôm-¾-uh-Vïh-ÆâP-Bôz-hô-h¤-‚Å-q-¾Å¿ËG -q-ŸÛ G-¼ïhü hGôm-qºÛ-Zï-ºhzÅ-ˆÛ-Bï-ÁÛP-GP-‚ãP-GTôh-ƒïG-hP-VzÅ-TÛGM-h¤G-GÛ Å -‚-hP.ü ¼Û - hÐ G Åü GTm-G¸m-¾G-¯ï h -ˆÛ Å -GÅô h -qÅôGÅ-‚Å-ÇezÅ-GmÅ-±ß¾-hï-hG-¤fôP-¤Dm-zôh-¤ÛÅ-Åï¤Å-GbÛP-mÅDô P -Fô - hP.ü „À ô - w¤-hGô Å -q-ŸÛ G -‚ã P -z-¤-¸hü ‚Å-Pm-hï - hG-GÛ Å Aï m -qÅ-G¸Û G -hP.ü JÀ - zü ¿Ë - ‚-Gô P -¤ô ü ‚Û º Þ - ºWô ¾ -¤ô - Åô G Å-‚¼ÛGÅ-hP-¼Û-hÐGÅ-GTm-G¸m-hGôm-qºÛ-Dô¼-»ÞG-bà-¯-ÇeôP-ÅôP-mÅh-Ç+zÅ-¤fôP-Mã-¤ïhü

iG-lÝ P -hP-z®ô m -ºWâ G -GÛ Å -hGô m -q-zTô Å -OÛ G

¾ï-±m-zŸÛ-qü

iG-lÝP-hP-z®ôm-ºWâG-GÛÅhGôm-q-zTôÅ-OÛG ¾ô-¼zÅ-zhÝm-zTßºÛ-hÝÅ-¤WâG-mÅ-zôh-mP-GZº-Gmôm-h¤-iGVï-zºÛ-ÆÛh-WâÅ-fh-ºHã¼-z-ym-zÞ-‚ãP-mÅ-zôh-mP-GÛ-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-¤Û-¤P±ô¼-w-¤ïÅ-ˆÛ-VôÅ-¾ÞGÅ-¾-hh-¤ôÅ-ˆÛÅ-xG-Ç+ô¼-‚ïh-qºÛ-Gô-Ç+zÅ-fôzXï Å ü uÛ - ¾ô - 1979 ®¤-mÅ-¤P-±ô G Å-¼P-zŸÛ m -HÛ Å -Vô Å -hh-ÁmÁÝGÅ-¾Å-M-¤ÛºÛ-h¤¼-h¤G-GÛÅ-¼ÛG-GmÅ-GÅ¼-zXïºÛ-mP-Çeô¼-zÁÛG‚Å-qºÛ-‚Å-ZïÅ-ˆÛ-©-D-GÅô-zºÛ-©P-GŸÛ-¾ô-hïºÛ-¹-z-¿S-q-mÅ-zB¼zCæm-‚ïh-ºGô-±ßGÅü fôG-¤¼-XïºÛ-Oæz-DP-hP.¼Û¤-qÅ-¿S-zhÝm-ŸÛP¼ºÛ-(ÍÞ-xÛºÛ-¾ÞP-FP-)hGº-¿km-IÔ-qÅ-hGº-¿km-GÅï¼-GhÝP-DP-zB¼hÝ-º²âGÅ-Cæm-hP-ü G®P-dôGÅ-Zï-ºI¤-GÅ¼-z®ßGÅ-¼Þ-DG-GÛ-hGº-

P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

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iG-lÝ P -hP-z®ô m -ºWâ G -GÛ Å -hGô m -q-zTô Å -OÛ G

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P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

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P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

z¸Þ P -zˆÛ G Å-hP-z®ô m -zTß G

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P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

ÁÛ P -zÁGÅü Å-ºDô h -Ç‰ ô ¤ Å-Mã ü wG-q-GÅô h -¼ô G Å-hP.ü wG-qºÛ zÞ-Çoôh-hP-½ÀÛG-ºƒÅ-zbôm-MãºÛ-¾Å-¼ôGÅ-ÅôGÅ-Pm-¾Å-Ço-±ôGÅ-ÁÛG‚ï h -hGô Å ü z®ôm-DP-hïºÛ-Mz-xôGÅ-DP-Çe¼-hÝ-z®ôm-¿eô-vôh-ÅºÛ-ÇKï-DÞPŸÛ G -»ô h -q-Gbm-zMz-»Û m -»P-Zï m -dô G -q-¤ï h -Ç+ z Å-lô G -MG-GmhDï¾-ŸÛG-zMz-m-Í-ÁÛP-zÞh-mÅ-xï-fÞz-q-hP-ü ÇKô-VßP-mÅ-¤Gô-zô-zbômbï-wm-±ßm-Pô-GhôP-¤fôP-¼ïÅ-ˆÛ-Ç+h-V-Áôh-MãºÛ-Gô-Ç+zÅ-ÁÛG-fôz-qÅü ¾ô - hï º Û - hGÝ m -hÝ Å -ŸÛ G -GÛ - Ÿô G Å-q-ºô h -¸ï ¼ -„À - ¤-hP-ü hGº-¿k m -wÞ m ±ôGÅ-M¾-¤±mü P-¼P-zTÅ-ÇKô-VßP-mÅ-¤Gô-qô-zbôm-bï-Ç+h-V-ÁôhzŸÛm-qºÛ-Ç+zÅ-JÀô-zÞ¼-hÝ-z®ôm-¼ºÛ-hô-h¤-Zïm-dôG-q-¿ËG-q-ÇÀïzÅü P±ô - ¤fô P -z-hP-Í¤-G®Û G Å-zÇk ¤ Å-bï - ¤Gô - zô - G»Þ G Å-®¤-HÛ Å -Dô P GŸÝP-hôm-DP-¾-zBôhü ¿kï-¤ÛG-„ÀPÅ-mÅ-xÛ¼-»ôP-z-hP-ÇKô-xï-Çeï-ºôh¸ï¼-„À-¤-hP-P-GZÛÅ-¾G-¿UGÅ-¤Z¤-hÝ-zMz-mÅ-z¿e-ÆâP-h¤G-¤ÛºÛºI¤-HÛ-JÀôG-ÁÛP-¾-zbGÅ-bï-‘‘Eôh-GZÛÅ-Ç+h-V-Áôhü’’TïÅ-DôP-GŸÝPhôm-DP-¾-zBôhü Vß-±ôh-GTÛG-GÛ-XïÅ-¾G-¿UGÅ-¼ï-zMz-Çeï-Z¾-DPÅô-Åô¼-zTßG-mÅ-DôP-GŸÝP-hôm-DP-¾-¾ôG Vß-±ôh-GZÛÅ-®¤-HÛ-XïÅxÛ ¼ -»ô P -Çe ï - ÇÀ ô z -GÅô - ‚Å-q-¾Å-Zï Å -lÝ P -zbP-¤-‚ã P .ü

z¸Þ P -zˆÛ G Å-hP-z®ô m -zTß G

Ç+zÅ-hï¼-ÅÛ-Fâ-¼Þ-z®ôm-ÆâP-Zïm-dôG-q-M-¼ÛGÅ-GTÛG-»ôh-qwÞ h -zô h -¼Û G Å-Zï m -dô G -q-»Û m -qÅü P-±ô Å -Vô Å -¾Þ G Å-ˆÛ - hï z -¼Û G Åz¿e - >À ô G -hP-ü D-ºhô m ü ¤-aï - hP.ü h¤Û G Å-z¯ï - ¤ü ÇS G Å-Åô G ÅIPÅ-GÅô G -‚Å-q¼-TP-¤Û - ¸ï ¼ -¾-hÝ Å -±ô h -ˆP-ºIô - ÇÀ ü xG-º±¾z-M-¼ÛGÅ-¾Å-‚ïh-ˆÛÅ-¤-¤fôP-m-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-±ôÅ-¾ÞÅ-¯¾-»ôP-ŸïÅhï - ®¤-z;G-ºGô G -¤Û - ‚ï h ü ¾ô - hï º Û - uÛ - ¹- 12 ±ï Å - 12 ZÛ m -FÛ ¤ Å-ŸÛ z -Zï m -dô G -qDG-TÛG-z®ôm-DP-hÝ-ÇÀïzÅ-bï-iG-VÅ-Zïm-dôG-¼Þ-Vïm-HÛ-±ôGÅ-DP-hÝFÛ¤Å-¼ºÛ-GbàG-zÁï¼-‚-Mã¼-FÛ¤Å-¯ôh-q-JÀ-¤Ûm-iÛ-z-hP-ü ÁôG-IPÅZÛ-ÁÝ-®¤-»ôh-qºÛ-Hôh-GbàGÅ-ZïÅ-hôm-hrh-F-¼ï-vhü P-±ôÅ-¼P-ZÛhmÅ-hG-ºzÞ h -‚ï h -Mã ¼ -¾m-zbzü Åï - Fâ - ¼Þ - zô h -»Û G -GÛ - FÛ ¤ Å-¾Þ G Åhïz-ŸÛG-ºhÝG-q-P-±ô-¼Û¤-qÅ-¿e->ÀôG-GÛÅ-GÅ¼-zXï¼-Pô-Lô¾-zºÛ-Hôh¤Û P -DÅ-¤-„À P -q¼-¯ô h -Mã - ‚Åü

P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

hÝ Å -z;G-FÛ ¤ Å-Vh-zbP-zü

¾ï-±m-hGÝ-qü

hÝÅ-z;G-FÛ¤Å-Vh-zbP-zü ¾ô - hï º Û - uÛ - ¹- 12 ±ï Å - 12 Ÿô G Å-qºÛ - Vß - ±ô h -hGÝ - qºÛ fôG-ÅÛ-Fâ-z®ôm-DP-mÅ-zbôm-q-hP.½ÀPÅ-ºDô¼-VßP-z-hP-Á¼-½ÀâP-dGÅTm-HÛ-h¤G-¤ÛÛºÛ-½ÀPÅ-ºDô¼ü hï-zŸÛm-ºIâ¾-Bï¾-½ÀPÅ-ºDô¼-GTÛGzTÅ-GŸÝP-¾¤-fôG-zŸG-mÅ-Zïm-dôG-¤Û-Ço-ŸÛG-GÛ-z;ôh-ºhô¤Å-ºôGM-h¤G-n¤Å-z®ôm-¼ºÛ-ÇKô-D¼-ÇKÝG P-±ô¼-¾G-¿UGÅ-¼ï-zMz-q-hPÆâP-h¤G-GZÛÅ-¼ïÅ-z¸ÞP-Çeï-ºIâ¾-Bï¾-½ÀPÅ-ºDô¼-mP-zTßG ÇSômdÛP-hÝ-M-h¤G-GÛ-½ÀPÅ-ºDô¼-zhÝm-zMh-Zïm-zl-GbôP-zŸÛm-zXÛh-Z¤ÅVï m -qô º Û - PP-FÛ ¤ Å-¼ºÛ - xô G Å-ÅÞ - zBô h ü h¤G-ÇK ¼ -HÛ - M¾-ÇK ô - º²â ¾ z-hP.ÇKô-¼ºÛ-Eôm-»ôPÅ-ˆÛ-xôGÅ-¾-M-h¤G-ºIï¤Å-ºWôG-‚Åü ºIâ¾Bï¾-½ÀPÅ-ºDô¼-Zïm-dôG-±ôGÅ-DP-GÛ-¿eG-ÇKôºÛ-ºI¤-hÝ-zŸG P-±ô¤Û-¼ï-¼ï-zŸÛm-FÛ¤Å-¼ºÛ-mP-FÛhü M-¤ÛºÛ-h¤¼-h¤G-hP.ü Zïm-dôG-

q| M-¤ÛºÛ-¾Å-‚ïhü ¤Û-¤P-ÅôGÅ-ˆÛÅ-È-TP-Vï-zºÛ-FÛ¤Å-¼ºÛ-±ôGÅDP-Dï P Åü Çk Û P Å-VºÛ - fô G -ºiÛ - GTô h -q-hP.ü ºiÛ - GTô h -¾Å-¼ô G Åü ŸÛz-hrôh -hqôm -ÅôG Å-mÛ-¤hÝm -¿UôG -GÛ-¤Û P -‚P-mÅ-GÅ¾ü fôG-¤¼-ºiÛ-GTôh-qÅ-hï-¼ÛP-ZïÅ-Tm-q¼-FÛ¤Å-ˆÛ-zhG-hzP»ô h -qÅ-»Û m -¤Û m -hG-ºzÞ h -‚-Mã º Û - hzP-V-»ô h -Tï Å -FÛ ¤ Å-¼ºÛ - Hô h GbàGÅ-ºGô-±ßGÅü GÁ¤-ºôG-¿UGÅ-FºÛ-mP-P-±ô-¼Û¤-q¼-zŸG-ÇeïºiÛ-GTôh-qºÛ-Hôh-hôm-iÛ-¯h-¾-¾m-ºhïzÅ-‚ïh-hÝ-zTßG P-±ôÅ-FÛ¤Å¼ºÛ-fôG-‘‘GÅ¼-zXï¼-Pô-Lô¾-zºÛ-’’Hôh-¤ÛP-DÅ-¤Û-¾ïmü GÅ¼-zXïz-»Ûm-ŸïÅ-mm-HÛÅ-¯ôh-q-‚Åü(GÅ¼-zXïºÛ-Pô-Lô¾-z-¾Å-D-y¾-q¼-hÝÅ-z;G-ZïÅVh-FÛ¤Å-¾ÞGÅ-mP-¤Û-GÅ¾)Lm-zÇem-q-hzP-IGÅ-ˆÛÅ-FÛ¤Å-¼ºÛ-fôG-zôh¼P-z®m-¼ïh-TïÅ-Mã-¤±m-iPÅ-q-hP-PºÛ-¾ÞÅ-PG-»Ûh-GÅÞ¤-Xï-„À-¤¼wÞ¾-zÅ-hÝÅ-z;G-z®ôm-ºWâG-G-±ôh-‚Å-ˆP-P-¤Û-ºHôh-GÅÞPÅü ŸÛzhrôh-=P-wÞ¼-zÞÅ-ºhÛ¼-zôh-¼P-z®m-Ez-zOGÅ-‚ïh-»Þ¾-¤Ûm-qÅ-ZïÅ¤ÛP-ºhÛ-¤Û-ºhôh-mºP-GÅ¼-zXï¼-Pô-Lô¾-z-¼ïhü ZïÅ-Tm-q¼-FÛ¤Å¼ºÛ-mP-GP-‚ãP-zÁh-¤-zTßG-TïÅ-zXôhü FÛ¤Å-¼Å-¾ôG-uôh-ˆÛ-OÛGº²âGÅ-mP-ŸÝGÅ-q-hP-GÅ¼-zXï¼-Pô-Lô¾-zºÛ-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-Pm-Ç+Ý¾‚Å-qºÛ - mG-Zï Å -Vï m -qô - ŸÛ G -G»ô G -Mã ¼ -fG-Vô h ü hï - ZÛ m -Æâ P -h¤Gz;ôh-ºhô¤Å-ºGô-º²Ûm-zôh-¤Û-Zïm-dôG-q-zÅ¤-GŸÛGÅ-Tm-ŸÛG-Dï¾-

P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

zÅ-Ç+ z Å-hï º Û - h¤G-¤Û º Û - ¿+ ô G -lÝ P -®¤-¾Å-¤-wô G -q¼-xÛ ¼ -¾ô G -fÞ z ü ZÛm-ÁÅ-XïÅ-IôP-Eï¼-ºƒÛP-¼Û¤-¤Û-¤P-FÛ¤Å-DP-GÛ-¤Û-Ço-ºGº-ÁÅ-z®ômDP-hÝ-»ôP-mÅ-GbàG-zÁï¼-ZÛm-HÛ-¸Ûm-z;ôh-zB¼->ÀôG-GÛÅ-hôm-hPôÅhP-¤fÞm-¤Ûm-zB¼-ºiÛ-hP.ü ÁôG-VßP-ŸÛG-vh-‚ãP-zºÛ-fôG-uÛ-¾ô- 1989 ¹- 1 ±ï Å - 19 ZÛ m -iG-VÅ-Zï m -dô G -¼Þ - Vï m -±ô G Å-DP-hÝ - FÛ ¤ ÅfG-GTh-Mã - Ÿï Å -z;ô h ü ¾ô - hï º Û - hGÝ m -¹ºÛ - ±ï Å - 19 Ÿô G Å-q-Vß - ±ô h -hGÝ - qºÛ - »Å¤Å-¾-zôh-¤Û-zhï-ÆâP-Zïm-dôG-q-EÛ-ºi-z-ŸÛG-GÛÅ-z;ôh-ºhô¤Å-ºôGM-h¤G-±ô-DG-TÛG-z®ôm -ÇKôºÛ- xÛ¼-I-OÛG-GÛÅ-ÇKÝG P-±ô-z®ôm -¼ºÛÇKô-mÅ-fôm-q-hP-¾G-¿UGÅ-¼ï-zMz-Çeï-ÆâP-h¤G-GZÛÅ-¼ïÅ-z¸ÞP-mÅºIâ¾-Bï¾-½ÀPÅ-ºDô¼-mP-zŸG-Çeï-FÛ¤Å-¼¼-FÛhü P-±ô-zÇkh-qºÛ-ºIâ¾-Bï¾-½ÀPÅ-ºDô¼-iG-VÅ-Zïm-dôG-¼Þ-VïmHÛ - ±ô G Å-DP-GÛ - ¿e G -ÇK ô º Û - xô G Å-ÅÞ - zŸG-q-hP.ü ÇK ô - ¼ºÛ - xÛ - mP-±P¤¼-M-h¤G-ºIï¤Å-ºWôG-‚Åü ½ÀPÅ-ºDô¼-mÅ-FÛ¤Å-¼¼-FÛh-Ç+zÅ¤ï-¤hºÛ-¤WâG-ÁÛP-lïG-q-ÅôGÅ-Ÿï-º²Ûm-Vïm-qôÅ-iG-lÝP-GbP-z¼-Áô¼»ôP-mÅ-G»ô¾-¤Û-fÞzü FÛ¤Å-¼-mÅ-P-±ô-¿Ëm-TÛG-bà-GZº-fôG-¾GGmôm-HÛÅ-¤Û-±ôGÅ-xôGÅ-¾-¤Gô-zô-ÇKÝ¼-bï-zŸG FÛ¤Å-hqôm-HÛÅ‘‘hGôm-qºÛ-mP-ÇÀôz-GÅôºÛ-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-¾-ºGôG-Lô¾-¼Û¤-q-hP-GÝP-Fm-

hÝ Å -z;G-FÛ ¤ Å-Vh-zbP-zü

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P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

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hÝ Å -z;G-FÛ ¤ Å-Vh-zbP-zü

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P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

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P¾-¯ô ¾ -HÛ - Çk Ý G -¾Å-hP-¾ô - zŸÛ º Û - ¤Wâ G -bà - z®ô m -Iô ¾ ü

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P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

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P¾-¯ô ¾ -HÛ - Çk Ý G -¾Å-hP-¾ô - zŸÛ º Û - ¤Wâ G -bà - z®ô m -Iô ¾ ü

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P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

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P¾-¯ô ¾ -HÛ - Çk Ý G -¾Å-hP-¾ô - zŸÛ º Û - ¤Wâ G -bà - z®ô m -Iô ¾ ü

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P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

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P¾-¯ô ¾ -HÛ - Çk Ý G -¾Å-hP-¾ô - zŸÛ º Û - ¤Wâ G -bà - z®ô m -Iô ¾ ü

zºÛ-ÇÀôz-¤-¾ïGÅ-IÅ-Lm-B-lô¼-hP-ü hï-zŸÛm-d-¤IÛm-±ï-f¼ü ¿ËGVß P -Åô G Å-mÛ - zô h -»Û G -GÛ - ¢P-ºƒÅ-¾ï G Å-IÅ-ÅÞ - Hã ¼ -zÅü ÇÀ ô z -IÔ fï P Å-¼ï - ®¤-±ß G Å-Ç+ z Å-ÇÀ ô z -FÛ h -GmP-¤Dm-HÛ - hGï - Lm-¼ï h ü Dô P n¤-qÅ-Á-Ÿïm-Vïm-qôÅ-z®ôm-¼ÐºÛ-ÇÀôz-GÅôºÛ-OÛG-GŸÛ-¿e¼-P-±ô¼-ÇÀôzhïz-hP-ÁôG-zÞ-ÅôGÅ-GmP-zÅ-ZÛm-¤ôºÛ-P¾-¾Å-Iâz-mÅ-z®ôm-ÇKô-zMzXï Å -ÅÞ ¤ -dGÅ-Ç‰ m -GÅÞ ¤ -¢ô P -Mã ¼ -ºzh-z¯ô m -GP-®¤-‚Åü z®ôm-DP-hï¼-ÇÀïzÅ-mÅ-¾ô-GTÛG-¤-ºGô¼-z¼-Vz-ÆÛh-z®ômq-¤P-qô - ŸÛ G -¼Þ z -zÇk Ý Å -‚ã P -zÅ-uÛ - ¾ô - 1990 mP-Vz-ÆÛ h -z®ô m qºÛ-¼Þ-DG-¿S-q-fôG-¤¼-GÅ¼-º²âGÅ-‚Åü z®ôm-ÆâP-Zïm-dôG-ºGôhqô m -hq¾-º‚ô ¼ -hP.ü ºGô - hqô m -GŸô m -q-qj¨ - ¼Û G -º²Û m ü hï - zŸÛ m Zï m -dô G -q-z=-ÁÛ Å -Çe ô z Å-MÅ-hP.ü Ÿºô - =â º Þ ü ÅÞ P -w× m ü q-ÅPÅzTÅ-¼ï h ü z®ô m -q-n¤Å-;Ý - ÁÝ - hP-D¤-zÞ º Û - I¤-fP-ŸÛ P -¼¼-Å-ÇÀ ô G hP.ü ±¾-ºhï z Åü z®ô G -GTÛ m -iP-Mã - Åô G Å-ˆÛ - Çk Ý G -¾Å-Ço - ±ô G ÅÁÛG-Ç+Ý¾-z-¿e¼-‚ïh-hGôÅü P-¼P-ZïÅ-GÅôG-z®ôm-q-D¤Å-¼ÛGÅ-Íwô-ºW¤-h‚PÅ-hP-¤Z¤-hÝ-¼Þ-DG-¿S-qºÛ-fz-±P-GÛ-iôh-DP-GZÛÅ-»ôhqºÛ - ±¾-ºhï z Å-ˆÛ - ¾Å-¼ô G Å-¾-¤PGÅü Í-wô - ºW¤-h‚PÅ-mÛ - ¼PzŸÛm-z¸P-¾-P¾-¾Å-h;º-ÇkÝG-wôh-q-¤-¸h-VôÅ-hh-Vï-¾-iP-Åï¤ÅTm-ŸÛG-»Ûm-qÅü ¾ô-¤WâG-bà-P-GZÛÅ-ˆÛÅ-iôh-DP-mÅ-±h-GŸÛ-¾Å-

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P¾-¯ô ¾ -HÛ - Çk Ý G -¾Å-hP-¾ô - zŸÛ º Û - ¤Wâ G -bà - z®ô m -Iô ¾ ü

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P¾-¯ô ¾ -HÛ - Çk Ý G -¾Å-hP-¾ô - zŸÛ º Û - ¤Wâ G -bà - z®ô m -Iô ¾ ü

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GÛ-xG-bà-zŸG-qÅ-hGÝm-hÝÅ-ˆÛ-hGôP-¤ô-ŸÛG-Ç+Ý-ŸzÅ-¹-z-hGôP-¸Åz¸ôÅ-bï-zŸÝGÅ-q-hP-±ï-¼ÛP-P-GZÛÅ-DP-q-hïºÛ-mP-»ÛG-V-hq¼-MGGÛÅ-Ç+¤-zÆïÅ-‚Å-bï-»ôh-qºÛ-D¼-JÀô-zÞ¼-hÝ-ÇKô-zlÝPÅ-qÅ-±ï-¼ÛP-GÛÅ¾¤-Åï P -mP-GÛ - JÀ ô G -zÅh-mÅ-ÇK ô - xï ü GŸô m -q-ŸÛ G -GÛ Å -Ç+ Ý - ŸzÅ-¹zºÛ-ºIâ¾-z-»Ûm-qÅ-zhï-ºWGÅ-Ç+ô¼-G»ïP-¾-»ôh-TïÅ-¾m-zl-vhhï-MãG-ÅôP.ü hï-¤-ZÛh-hÝ-ÇKô-zMz-mÅ-xÛ¼-fôm-qÅ-Å-DÞ¾-zhï-ºWGÅÇ+Ý-ŸzÅ-¹-zºÛ-zŸÝGÅ-ÁG-xôGÅ-ÅÞ-JÀôG-zŸÝ-F-VÛ¾-VÛ¾-HÛ-¤Û-±P-¼ï¼ï - zŸÛ m -fï ¤ -zÁï ¼ -‚ï h -zŸÛ m -ºhÝ G P-GZÛ Å -xÛ º Û - GÅP-uô h -mP-»Û z Çeï-ÇKô-¼-mÅ-zhï-ºWGÅ-fôm-XïÅ-GŸÛ-mÅ-Åï¤Å-¿Ëôh-hÝ-zzÅü zhïmhôm-BôP-zºÛ-¿Ë-ÆâP-ŸÛG-GÛÅ-zÇ+Ý¾-bï-P-GZÛÅ-¾-GŸôm-mÝ-zhï-ºWGÅhïÅ-¾m-zl-¤-‚ãP-±ï-hï-ZÛm-hGôP-¤ô-z®ôm-¼Ð-fïPÅ-GZÛÅ-q-ºIÛ¤ÅMãºÛ-¾¤-D-¾Å-¤ïh-q-¤Pôm-ÅÞ¤-±h-¤Å-Iâz-q-ŸÛG-¼ïhü MãÅ-¤Pº¤ïh-qºÛ-GŸôm-mÝ-zhï-ºWGÅ-hï-ÅÞ-»Ûm-¤±m-¤ô-Pô-¤Û-Vôhü P-±ôÅ-hq¼MG-‚Å-qºÛ-»ÛG-V-n¤Å-Ç‰ï-¤ô-Í-TG-h¤-VôÅ-ˆÛÅ-¾ïm-q-hP-±ï-¼ÛPGÛÅ-ˆP-zB¾-HÛ-»ôh-¾-P-hP-IôGÅ-qô-GTÛG-GÛÅ-¤±m-¤ô-ŸÛG-Åï¼¼ºÛ-Zï-ºI¤-hGï-ºôÅ-ÇÀôz-IÔºÛ-¿UGÅ-¼ÛºÛ-xÛ-mÅ-»ÛG-V-hï-IÅ-VG-qºGº-ÁÅ-ÇKô-¼ºÛ-mP-G»ÞGÅü uÛ-¾ô- 1993 ¾ôºÛ-¹-hP-qôºÛ-mP-hGº-¿km-hÝ-ZÛm-ÁÅ-Çkôh-

P¾-¯ô ¾ -HÛ - Çk Ý G -¾Å-hP-¾ô - zŸÛ º Û - ¤Wâ G -bà - z®ô m -Iô ¾ ü

Mã¼-ÅôP-zÅ-hGôm-qºÛ-mP-zôh-ˆÛ-M¾-h¼-hP-¼P-z®m-¢¼-»ÛG-¢¼z-ÅôGÅ-Dô¼-»ÞG-¾-ºHã¼-¤hôG-Vï-z-mÛ-hGôm-q¼-ÇÀïzÅ-qºÛ-xÛ-ZÛmP-±ôºÛ-ÁG-GÛ-mÝz-PôÅ-Á¼-¯ïºÛ-HP-¿kïzÅ-ÅÞ-±ôm-F-Tm-HÛ-ÁôG-zÞºÛ-zôhˆÛ - M¾-h¼-ŸÛ G -¢¼-z-Vß - ±ô h -zTß - q-z¼-¿Ë G -mÅ-¾Å-hô m -±ô G Å-Vß P ÇÀ ï z Å-bï - z;ô G -q-hP-ü hï - Xï Å -P-±ô º Û - ÁG-fô G -mÅ-»PÅ-q-Tm-fô G ÇeïP-hÝ-zbP-zºÛ-JÀôG-Ç+Ýh-fôG-zôh-ˆÛ-M¾-h¼-ŸÛG-z;¾-z-uÛ-GÅô-¤Vôhdïm-HÛ-xôGÅ-ÅÞ-zÇkh-qÅ-¾Å-hôm-±ôGÅ-VßP-GÛÅ-JÀôG-Ç+Ýh-zTh-mÅwzü Lm-HÛ Å -GmÅ-Ç+ z Å-hGô m -q¼-¤-Çk ô h -GÅÞ P Å-q-hP-Iô P -Eï ¼ ¿Ë-ÅºÛ-mP-fômü ¾ô-hïºÛ-hGÝm-hÝÅ-ÅÞ-¹-±ïÅ-GÅ¾-PïÅ-¤Û-fÞz-ˆP.±Ð¸Þ¼-ŸP-¾GÅ-zMãh-¾Å-hôm-ŸÛG-GÛ-Vïh-¤Û-GZÛÅ-hGôÅ-TïÅ-hÝÅ-±ôhGbm-Dï¾-fôG-±ï-¼ÛP-P-GZÛÅ-ºzôh-‚ãP.ü hÝÅ-±ïÅ-¿e¼-hÝh-EÛ¤-hï¼ÅôP-zÅ-¾ô-m-zŸÛ-zTß-zL¾-zºÛ-¤Û-ŸÛG-hÝh-EÛ¤-hïºÛ-fôG-DºÛ-G¸Û¤-Ç~äGbà-zŸÝGÅü EÛ¤-HÛ-Í-TG-P-±ô-hP-Pô-ÁïÅ-»Ûm-qÅü P-GZÛÅ-ÇÀïzÅq-hP-¤Û-hï¼-Pô-vôh-‚Åü fôG-¤¼-uÛ¼-zbP-JÀïP-¤ô¾-‚Å-XïÅ-M-mGbà-±ôP-¼ôGÅ-hP-£GÅ-ZÛm-GTÛG-Vß-±ôh-GTÛG-®¤-hP-»P-m-Ç+¼-¤ºGº-ÁÅ-ˆÛ-¾Å-hôm-ŸÛG-¾Å-¤ïhü Eôh-GZÛÅ-ºIô-m-»G-qô-¼ïhü hômhG-XïÅ-ÅÞ-ÁïÅ-Mã-¼ïh-TïÅ-GÅÞPÅü P-GZÛÅ-ˆÛÅ-hôm-hG-¤Û-ÁïÅ-q¼¤Û - ºIô - ‚Å-qÅü ¤Û - hï Å -iP-qô - zÁh-mü M-mG-bà - M¾-Dz-¤P-qô º Û -

100

P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

ºfÞ Å -¤Û - ŸÝ G Å-qºÛ - ±ô G Å-Vï m -ŸÛ G -º±ô G Å-IzÅ-»ô h -qÅü ±ô G ÅVïm-ZÛm-Q¤-Çeôm-Fô¤-Ç+ô¼-HÛ-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-Çtï¾-Mã¼-¤Û-zTß-zhÝm-®¤-IOÛG-¸Ûmü Eôh-GZÛÅ-»ôP-m-»G-qô-¼ïhü ºIô-Iôm-hP-Gm¤-IâºÛ-l¾JÀ - ±ß m -P-±ô Å -GbP-Mã - hP.ü ºhÛ - mÅ-fô m -ZÛ m -P-±ô - wm-±ß m -Pô - vô h -hÝ ¼Þz-º²ô¤Å-XïÅ-D-fô¼-bà-fôm-Mã-¼ïhü ±ôGÅ-Vïm-ZÛm-P-±ô-±ôGÅ-¼ºÛZï-ºI¤-HÛ-¸-DP-hP-±ôP-DP-mP-I-OÛG-ÍP-zÅ¼-HÛÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-ºGô±ßGÅ-q-hP-f¾-zº¤-»P-m-ÅÛ-qm-Ç~¼-¤ô-¼ï-z¸ÞP-Çeï-ÇKô-ÆâP-Zïm-dôGqºÛ-¤ÛG-mP-Gbô¼-z-hP-±ôGÅ-¼ºÛ-mP-zôh-¼P-z®m-HÛ-Ç+h-ºzôh-hPzôh-ˆÛ-M¾-h¼-zOïPÅ-º²âGÅ-hGôÅü Ç+zÅ-hï¼-xÛ-M¾-z-±ôÅ-P-±ô¼¼ô G Å-q-‚ï h -ÆÛ h -¾ü P-±ô Å -xÛ - M¾-HÛ - GŸÝ P -±z-xô G Å-¾-Åô P -m-MmG-GÛ-ÇÀôz-yâG-zŸÛm-xÛ-M¾-HÛ-»Þ¾-¾ÞP-D-ÁÅ-¾ºP-ºIô-fÞz-ÆÛh-q¼ïhü M-¤Û º Û - ¾G-bà - fï z Å-m-‚ï h -Gbï - P-¼ï h -¾ô z Åü ºGm-»ô P Åμô G Å-PºÛ - fô G -zŸG-m-Vô G ¾Å-ºGÝ ¾ -HÛ - ºGm-DÞ ¼ -±P-¤-PÅ-‚ï h ü ¾Å-ºGÝ¾-ºhÛ-ºi-ŸÛG-&GôP-Å-&BzÅ-¤Gôm-Vïm-qô-¤VôG-GÛ-hGôPÅq¼-ÇS-Å-mÅ-»ôh-TïÅ-GÅÞPÅü P-GZÛÅ-ˆÛÅ-XïÅ-ÅÞ-zl-¾m-‚ïh-Mã¼hï - mÅ-fô m ü ZÛ m -ÁÅ-Xï Å -P-¼P-hÝ h -EÛ ¤ -hï ¼ -Åô P .zÅü Dô P -fô G -DºÛ G¸Û¤-Ç~äG-bà-zŸÝGÅ-q¼-º±¤Å-ºiÛ-hP-zTÅ-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-mP-ŸÝGÅ-

P¾-¯ô ¾ -HÛ - Çk Ý G -¾Å-hP-¾ô - zŸÛ º Û - ¤Wâ G -bà - z®ô m -Iô ¾ ü

101

fÞz-¤-ÅôP.ü P-±ôºÛ-xôGÅ-mÅ-hôm-hï-xÛ-H¼-hôGÅ-q-¤Û-hGôÅ-ŸÝÅ-qÅü Pô - ¤hô G -mG-qô ¼ -Hã ¼ -bï . Dô P -Fô - hP-zTÅ-¾ô z Åü fô G -¤-mÅ-Åï ¤ ÅfG-zTh-±¼-ŸïÅ-½ÀâP-º±ßz-º±ßz-‚ïhü EÛ¤-HÛ-Í-TG-mÅ-DôP-¾ÅDÞPÅ-ÁÛG-GÛ-¤Û-»Ûm-q-hP.DôP-GÛ-w-»P-hï-ÇSôm-zôh-ˆÛ-hÝÅ-ºFâG-Ç+zÅM-¤ÛºÛ-h¤¼-h¤G-GÛ-¤±ôm-VºÛ-ºôG-ÆôG-Áô¼-±ß¾-iPÅü Ç+zÅ-hï¼-º‚ô¼-¿km-¤Û-iG-ŸÛG-GÛ-EÛ¤-Mãh-mÅ-¾ô-¿e¼-hGômÇkï-DG-¾-M-ÇKô¼-FÛ-GZÛÅ-GÅÞ¤-HÛ-¤Vôh-ºzÞ¾-‚ïh-ˆÛ-»ôh-qü ºhÛ¾ô-z®ôm-DP-hÝ-¿ËG-qºÛ-IÔ-z®ßm-ÅôGÅ-¾-ºzÞ¾-Mã¼-Iôm-hPÞ¾-n¤ÅÇ+Ý-ŸzÅ-¹-zºÛ-xG-bà-GmP-z-¿e¼-¤¼-hP.ü ºô-=Ûmü wG-=Ûm-ÅôGÅZô-Oæz-ˆÛÅ-¹-¼ïºÛ-fÞG-ºyh-Ç+zÅ-Vz-ÆÛh-z®ôm-qºÛ-mP-¤Û-Zï-ºƒï¾zMãh-ºyôh-fzÅ-¾-Ç+Ý-ŸzÅ-¹-z¼-¼ôGÅ-ºhïGÅ-hP.ü IÔ-zŸÛ-z®ômDP-GÛ - Vz-ÆÛ h -z®ô m -qºÛ - ¾Å-»Þ ¾ -ŸÛ P -¼ºÛ - Dô ¼ -»Þ G -hP.ü hï - zŸÛ m z®ôm-q-ºGº-ÁÅ-hq¼-¾ïm-fÞz-qºÛ-uÛm-ÁôG-GTÛG-zôh-hÝ-»Þ¾-Ç+ô¼-¾»ôP-qºÛ-w-¼m-ÅÛºÛ-zÞ-¤ô-ŸÛG-z¾-»Þ¾-hÝ-hq¼-zÁÝÅ-‚ïh-q¼-zbP-XïÅ(V-±P-GTÛ G -¤ô - ¼P-GÛ Å -ÇS ô m -hÝ - zbP.) zô h -hÝ - »ô h -qºÛ - xÛ - M¾-M-I¤-h¤¼-qô ±ôGÅ-qºÛ-¾Å-‚ïh-TÛG-fôm-D¼-DôP-zMãh-M-G¼-hÝ-zbP-z-zôh-GŸÝPzhï - Æâ P -¾Å-DÞ P Å-ÅÞ - wÞ ¾ -Ç+ ô ¼ -uÛ - ¾ô - 1993 ¾ô ¼ -Dô P -l-¼¤-Å-¾mÅ-fÞG-Ç+zÅ-GÅÞPÅü z®ôm-DP-mP-hq¼-¾ïm-HÛ-Mãh-¼Û¤-hP-¤Û-Ço-

102

P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

ÅôGÅ-ˆÛ-Ç+ô¼-PïÅ-q¼-hÝ-zXôh-hGôÅ-PïÅ-ˆP-GŸm-hzP-ÇezÅ-zÇeàmHÛÅ-Ç+zÅ-ÅÞ-¤Û-zzÅ-qÅ-¼ï-ŸÛG-zÇ+ÝPÅ-ºWôG-‚ïh-Mã-»Ûmü Iô P -Eï ¼ -¿Ë - ÅºÛ - mP-uÛ - ¾ô - 1992 ¾ô - ¤Wâ G -mÅ-JÀ ô - zÞ ¼ -hÝ ¤Û-¤P-qô-ŸÛG-z®ôm-zTßG-‚Å-ÁÛP-P-±ô-»P-hô-h¤-‚-MãºÛ-DôPÅ-ÅÞ-»ôhq-Zïm-dôG-¾Å-‚ïh-TÛG-Mãh-ÁïÅ-dôGÅ-‚ãP.ü z®ôm-zTßG-‚Å-q-n¤ÅP-±ô-hP-ºƒï¾-¾¤-¾Þ-GÝ-Mãh-»ôh-q-hP.¿ËG-hôm-hÝ-hq¼-ÁÛP-hïºÛ-Hôhhôm-¤Û-Ço-z®ôm-ºWâG-‚Å-qÅ-fG-Ÿô¼-ºƒïP-iâh-»ôP-Mã-mÛ-hq¼-ÁÛP-P±ô¼-»ôh-q-Í-TG-h¤-VôÅ-mÅ-xÛ¼-¾ïm-»ôP-Mã¼-zP-¤Û-Mãh-fïPÅ-¤P¼ï - ºzô h -‚Åü hq¼-ÁÛP-ÁG-‚P-Ç+¾-z¸P-±ï-hzP- (ºhÅü)GÛ-EÛ¤-hÝ-»ôh-qmÅ-Ç+Ý-ŸzÅ-¹-zÅ-¤Û-¤P-qô-fG-Ÿô¼-ºƒïP-iâh-¤Û-º‚ãP-Mã¼-¤ï¼-zÆïGÅmÅ-¤ï h -q-z¸ô Å ü P-GZÛ Å -ÆP-TÛ º Û - FP-hÝ - „À ô - ¤fÞ m -ŸÛ G -mP-Gz-mÅ»ôh-qÅ-xÛ-ZÛm-Ç¨m-¯ÛÅ-DP-hÝ-D-q¼-mÅ-z=-ÁÛÅ-hP-Ç+h-V-zÁh-Ç+zÅhï-ZÛm-¤±m-¤ô-Zïm-dôG-qÅ-zÅôh-m¤Å-¼Ûm-Vïm-(±ï-¼ÛP-GÛ-GTßP-qô-)z¸ÞPFÛh-ˆÛÅ-±ï-¼ÛP-¯ÛÅ-vôh-hGôÅ-±ß¾-zÁh-qºÛ-GÅP-zl-‚ãP.ü ZÛm-hïºÛhGôP-¤ô-P-GZÛÅ-IôP-Eï¼-¿Ë-ÅºÛ-‚P-xôGÅ-ˆÛ-¤Û-±ôGÅ-ºhÝ-zºÛ-GŸÝP¾¤-mÅ-z¼-Ç+ô¼-¿Ëô-PôÅ-ÅÞ-»ôh-qºÛ-Pô-ÁïÅ-z®ßm-¤-ŸÛG-GÛ-mP-zBôhü z®ßm-¤Å-P-GZÛÅ-¤fôP-z-hP-hPPÅ-º±z-Vïm-qôÅ- ‘‘IôP-Eï¼-HÛ-¤Û-

P¾-¯ô ¾ -HÛ - Çk Ý G -¾Å-hP-¾ô - zŸÛ º Û - ¤Wâ G -bà - z®ô m -Iô ¾ ü

103

±ôGÅ-Vï-zºÛ-hzÞÅ-ÅÞ-zBôh-f¾-¤-‚ïhü zÅôh-m¤Å-¼Ûm-Vïm-¤Û-±ôGÅˆÛ-Fôh-hÝ-zbP-mÅ-Zïm-dôG-q-¤WâG-bà-¥ã¾-ŸÛz-‚ïh-zŸÛm-ºhÝG-’’TïÅGÅÞ P Åü

104

P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

Gz-Çk ô h -hP-ƒô Å -‚ô ¾ -zBô h -qü

¾ï-±m-zTß-GTÛG-qü

Gz-Çkôh-hP-ƒôÅ-‚ô¾-zBôh-qü IôP-Eï¼-¿Ë-ÅºÛ-Zïm-dôG-qÅ-±ï-¼ÛP-P-GZÛÅ-GP-Å¼-¿e-Ç+Ý¾¥ã ¾ -ŸÛ z -ˆÛ Å -¯h-GTô h -mm-qô - ‚Å-qÅ-¤-±hü Ç+ Ý - ŸzÅ-¹-z-Åô G Åºƒï¾-»ôh-„Àô-¤fÞm-¤P-qô¼-iÛ-¯h-zÅÞm-z®Û¼-‚Å-ÇezÅ-Gz-Çkôh-‚ïh»Þ¾-¤-½‰ïh-q¼-TÛ-‚-Gbô¾-¤ïh-ˆÛ-GmÅ-ÅÞ-Hã¼-qÅü ¾Å-‚ïh-Pô-ÁïÅÁÛG-»ôh-qºÛ-EÛ¤-hÝ-ÅôP-mÅ-ZÛm-ÁÅ-ºhÝG-MãºÛ-ŸÝ-¤ôÅ-¾Å-ZÛm-zhÝm¼ÛP-¸Å-Çkôh-¤fÞm-Hã¼-ºôG-hPPÅ-CG-mÅ-TßP-ŸÛ-¿Ëôh-hÝ-Hã¼ü DôPhP-P-±ô-wm-±ßm-Zï-qô-»ôh-qÅ-¯ÛÅ-vôh-‚ïh-ÇezÅ-¤Û-ÁïÅ-qºÛ-ÇtôzÅ-qÅhÝh-EÛ¤-hï¼-ÅôP-z-¼ïhü Å-DÞ¾-hïºÛ-IôP-Mãh-hÝ-w¾-Vï-z-¤fô-¼Û¤-hqôm¼ÛGÅ-»Ûm-qÅ-Zïm-dôG-qºÛ-hôGÅ-»Þ¾-¾Å-ƒ¾ü F-±P-ºôG-GÛ-‚ÛºÞ±P-¿e¼-¼P-ÆâP-¾-wm-fôGÅ-Vïm-qô-¼ïhü Gz-Çkôh-ZÛm-GÅÞ¤-qºÛ-ZÛmIôP-Eï¼-¿Ë-ÅºÛ-mP-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-¤Û-¤P-GÛÅ-±ôP-F¾-VG-»P-hGôÅ-MãºÛ-

105

GŸÛ-M-Vï-zºÛ-Q¤-Çeôm-Fô¤-Ç+ô¼-HÛ-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-Çtï¾-zÅ-EÛ¤-HÛ-Í-¤-¤ÛiG-EÛ¤-Mãh-mÅ-»Ûm-qÅ-¾ô-¼zÅ-iâG-Tß-hP-zhÝm-zTßºÛ-mP-±zÅ-VïºÛz½‰Å-lÝP-wôG-ÇezÅü Q¤-Çeôm-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-¾-hGº-Ÿïm-Vïm-qôÅ-hï-xôGÅ¾-zBôh-mÅ-ZÛm-¤ô-WÛ-‚ãP-GÛ-GmÅ-±ß¾-n¤Å-hGôP-¤ô-P-GZÛÅ-¾-GTÛGmÅ-GZÛ Å -ÅÞ - GÅÞ P Åü ZÛm-zhÝm-qºÛ-fôG-hï-mÅ-fôm-¯ÛÅ-»Ûm-»P-hï-ZÛm-ŸôGÅ-q-hÝhEÛ¤-hïºÛ-G®ô-BôP-Wô-¾GÅ-wïzÅ-mÅ-‘‘ºhÛ¼-Çkôh-»Þm-¼ÛP-m-G»ôG-¤ôÅD-f¾-Zïm-Vï-’’ŸïÅ-fôm-zl-zbP-zÅ-ºIô-Mã¼-PïÅü hï-ZÛm-ŸôGÅ-qG»ôG -¤ô-¾Å-EÛ¤ -zhG-n¤Å-xÛ¼-wïzÅ-Iâ z ü Vß - ±ô h -zTß - q¼-¿Ë - >À â Ç+ô¼-bï-¼-¤-ÇKP-xôGÅ-ˆÛ-hˆÛ¾-VßºÛ-I¤-fP-hÝ-fôm-mÅ-ZÛm-¤ô-zB¾ü hGôP-¤ô-Bô¼-¤ô-¾ÞP-IôP-±ô¼-Pô-ÁïÅ-ÁÛG-»ôh-qºÛ-mP-hÝ-ÅôP.zÅ-GPG¸z-ˆÛ Å -hGô P -¸Å-Åô G Å-ºDô Å -hqG-¾-GŸÛ G Å-qºÛ - »G-fG-Vô h GmP-‚ãP.ü ±ï-¼ÛP-GÛÅ-hô-mÝz-Iôh-DôG-¿kÛ¼-¿kÛ¼-VGÅ-‚ãP-ŸïÅ-zXôhÇe P Å-¾-zÅ¤-mü ZÛ m -ÁÅ-º±ô - zºÛ - fh-DG-®¤-‚ã P -±ô h -¼ï h ü ºWâ Zïm-Vï-»P-Gz-Çkôh-‚ïh-»Þ¾-¤ïh-q¼->Àâ-ÇKÝG-ÇKô-¼ºÛ-lô-Ç+Å-ºôG-GÛ-fôGDP-mG-DÞ P -mP-zŸÝ G Å-¤Dm-„À ô - ¤fÞ m -ŸÛ G -GÛ Å - ‘‘ PºÛ - mP-hÝ Çkôh-’’GÅÞPÅü DôP-ZÛh-hzP-qô-fP-qô-¤ïh-q¼-¾G-ÁïÅ-ˆÛ-º±ô-z-º±ô¾zŸÛm-»ôh-ˆP.Zïm-D-hP-ºGG-¯ºÛ-Ç+zÅ-w¼-ºzÞh-®¤-¤Û-‚ïh-q¼-º±ô-

106

P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

z-hP-Ç~Å-Ç+ÝP-GmP-z-mÛ-È-TP-iÛm-±ô¼-Vï-ŸÛP-hÝÅ-dG-bà-Åï¤Å-DôPhÝ - zTP-mÅ-im-GÅô - ‚ï h -ˆÛ - »ô h ü Ç+zÅ-hï¼-PºÛ-Í-¤-IôP-Eï¼-mP-wïzÅ-mÅ-P-º±ô¾-zŸÛm-qz®ß m -¤-ŸÛ G -¾-fÞ G -mÅ-PºÛ - ¯¼-FÛ h -‚ã P .ü Dô P -Çt ô ¤ -ºhº-±P-hÝ - Pô ÁïÅ-IôGÅ-¤ôºÛ-¯¼-zŸÝGÅ-»ôh-qÅ-¤±m-¤ôºÛ-Vß-±ôh-hGÝ-qºÛ-fôG->ÀâÇKÝG-mÅ-Í-¤ºÛ-¯¼-zBôhü P-¼P-GmPÅ-ZÛm-M-G¼-xôGÅ-ÅÞ-fôm-Mã¼¤fº-¤ºÛ-Pô-fÞG-hï-»P-hï-ZÛm-hGôP-¤ô-¼ïhü ÆP-¾¤-hÝ-xÛ¼-¾ôG-»ôPÇ+zÅ-¤ï-¤hº-z¸ÞP-zºÛ-zhï-ºWGÅ-¤Û-Ço-¤P-qô-IôP-¤ÛºÛ-Çkôh-DP-mP¯h-ŸÛz-‚ïh-zŸÛm-q-hP-Dï¾-zÅ-DôP-±ôÅ-PºÛ-XïÅ-hïh-‚Å-bï-»ôP.ü TÛ‚-Gbô¾-¤ïh-ˆÛ->Àâ-ÇKÝG-ÇKô-¼ºÛ-GÅP-uôh-mP-Gz-Çeï-zÇkh-qÅ-XïÅ-ÅÞ¤-ÇÀïzÅü iôh-½ÀâP-zÅÛ¾-¾-hrÛh-ˆÛ-hq¾-»ôm-¾Å-M-¿UP-GÛ-»¾-GºÛfïºÞ -zÞÅ-zÅ-¾ô-¤-n¤Å-ÇSôm-qô¼-Hã¼ü Eã-‚ãG-GÛ-GÅÞP-Ç‰m-OôG-TÛPGPÅ-V¼-ÅÛ¾-¤-ZÛm-¤±m-£ï¾-bï-zzÅü ¤Dº-h‚ÛPÅ-ˆÛ-m¤-¤D¼vÛ m -h;¼-±ô ¤ -zÞ - ºFÛ G Å-ÁÛ P -¼Û - ºGô ¼ -Ç¨ ä G -ŸG-ºDô ¼ ü Å-¹ºÛ - hÝ Å ±ïÅ-ÅÞ-z¼-Ç+ô¼-hP-JÀÛP-Ç+ô¼-hÝ-xG-Ç+ô¼-z-Mãm-¤Û-Vh-TÛP.ü >Àâ-ÇKÝGÇKô-¼ºÛ-lô-Ç+Å-ºôG-GÛ-fôG-DP-mG-DÞP-mP-Gz-Çkôh-‚ïh-qºÛ-¤fº-¤ºÛZÛ m -hï - »P-uÛ - ¾ô - 1993 ¾ô º Û - Å-G-¹-zºÛ - »¼-±ï Å -zTô - ¿S - ¼ï h ü Å¼Þz-D¼-ºôG-DP-¾Å-fôm-bï-ÇKô-ºI¤-l¾-JÀ¼-zÇKÝG-qºÛ-ºDô¼-GÅÞ¤-

Gz-Çk ô h -hP-ƒô Å -‚ô ¾ -zBô h -qü

107

@P-ºDô¼-fôG-zÇkh-hï->Àâ-ÇKÝG-mÅ-fômü hh-¿km-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-wô-¤ô-yïPz-z¸ÞP-mÅ-JÀÛP-Ç+ô¼-¾-xG-Ç+ô¼-hÝ-ƒï¾-zŸÛm-½ÀPÅ-ºDô¼-ÅôGÅ-ºDô¼¼Û G Å-ˆÛ - ¸P-¸Û P -Fô h -¤Dº-h‚Û P Å-FP-hÝ - zBô h ü Í-¤hô - z-¾ô - m-¿S zTß-Tm-ŸÛG-ºIâ¾-DP-GÛ-ÇKô-ºI¤-hÝ-ºhÝG-q¼-P-±ôºÛ-IôGÅ-qôÅ-¾¤FÛh-q-hï-¼ïh-TïÅ-¤²âz-zl-¤²hü hï-ZÛm-hGôP-¤ô-ºIâ¾-DP-hï¼-ŸGÇkôh-‚Åü xÛ - ZÛ m -uÛ - ¾ô - 1993 ¾ô º Û - zô h -¹- 4 ±ï Å - 16 Ÿô G Å-qºIâ ¾ -DP-mÅ-ºIâ ¾ -Bï ¾ -½À P Å-ºDô ¼ -xô G Å-ÅÞ - Åô P -zÅ-Í-¤hô - z-¤Û Lm-hï-½ÀPÅ-ºDô¼-mP-¤-zÇkh-q¼-D¤Å-¼ÛGÅ-GŸôm-q¼-¤²âz-¤ô-Gbhhï-‘‘¾¤-FÛh-hzP-Vïm-»Ûm-qÅü „Àô-zhï-qô-‚ïh-’’TïÅ-GÅÞPÅü ZÛm‚ïh-hzP-qôºÛ-ºôh-¸ï¼-ºƒÅ-ÇtäPÅ-hGï-ºwï¾-hzÞ-¯ï¼-ºyôÅ-q-hP-½ÀPÅºDô ¼ -¿k Û ¼ -O-hP-zTÅ-¿Ë - Å-mÅ-fô m ü ½À P Å-ºDô ¼ -¤Hô G Å-qÅ-mô ¼ Çeôh-JÀÛP-GºÛ-¾¤-G»Å-G»ôm-HÛ-vô-ÇoP-hôh-qºÛ-ÇtP-JÀÛP-GÛ-M-¿UP-VßIâ¼-ŸÝGÅ-q-¿e¼-»Þ¼-»Þ¼-‚ïh-zŸÛm-GhôP-h;¼-HÛ-¾¤-GÅÞ¤-¤hô¼ÇÀïzÅü ¾G-bà-¼Å-h¤¼-z¸ÞP-zºÛ-ºIÛ¤Å-ºIâ¾-Zïm-dôG-q-ºGº-ÁÅ¾PÅ-bï - zÇk h -qÅ-½À P Å-ºDô ¼ -z;G Zï m -dô G -q-GTÛ G -½À P Å-ºDô ¼ mP-º²â¾-mÅ-ºIâ¾-¤ÛºÛ-Pô-GhôP-¾-ŸÛz-¤ô¼-z¿e-zŸÛm-ŸÛz-zÁï¼-‚Åü

108

P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

±ï-¼ÛP-P-GZÛÅ-ˆP-¤ÛG-Áï¾-mG-qô-¼ï-Hômü f-¤G-@P-¼ï-D-mP-hÝ-zTßGmÅ-ÇoP-¤ïh-hÝ-zÇkh-qÅ-hô-ÇoP-¤ïh-q¼-Dô-q-½ÀPÅ-ºDô¼-¾Å-zzÅü ºGG-ÇKô-zL¾-XïÅ-Vß-ÁÝ¼-mÅ-Ç‰ï-¤ôºÛ-wÞºÛ-D-¼ôP-hôG-qºÛ-¼Û-¾¤-zMãh¼Ûm-ÇtäPÅ-mÅ-Vß-±ôh-zŸÛ-q¼-IôP-Eï¼-GŸÛÅ-¯ï¼-º‚ô¼ü P-±ô-zÇkhqºÛ-ºIâ¾-Bï¾-½ÀPÅ-ºDô¼-z=-ÁÛÅ-¿Ëàm-qô-hGôm-qºÛ-Zï-ºhzÅ-ˆÛ-IôP¤fºÛ-ºIâ¾-DP-GÛ-ºIâ¾-Bï¾-½ÀPÅ-ºDô¼-zzÅ-±ßGÅ-ÅÞ-zBôhü ºIâ¾q-n¤Å-½ÀPÅ-ºDô¼-¾Å-zzÅ-bï-xôGÅ-Åô-Åô¼-fômü P-±ô-ºIâ¾-DPhÝ-ŸG-Çkôh-‚ïh-Mã¼-¾¤-IôGÅ-zÞ-¤ô-GZÛÅ-hP-Í-¤hô-IÔ-q-GZÛÅ-ˆÛ»Þ¾-¤ÛºÛ-¾G-Eï¼-fôG-ŸG-Çkôh-ºIâ¾-fô-z;ôh-mÅ-ºIâ¾-DP-JÀÅü xÛZÛm-¼ïÅ-G¸º-ZÛ-¤¼-Å-B-xôGÅ-ÅÞ-Vïh-zBôh-ºIâ¾-Bï¾-½ÀPÅ-ºDô¼¤ïh-qÅ-ŸG-Çkôh-hGôP-¤ô-GZÛÅ-‚-Mã¼-PïÅü GŸÛÅ-¯ï¼-hzÞÅ-xôGÅˆÛ-¤Û-Ço¼-hôGÅ-q-Vï-zÅ-¤Iôm-DP-¾Å-‚ïh-hP-Zïm-dôG-q-ºw¼-uPPm-ºƒï¾-HÛÅ-hôm-¤ïh-z¸ÞP-FÛh-z®ôm-zTßG-‚ïh-qºÛ-GmÅ-±ß¾-fôm-¤PzÅ-¤Iôm-DP-hÝ-ŸG-Çkôh-‚ïh-Mã¼-„Àô-¤Û-zhïü ¾¤-¼ôGÅ-±ô¼-P-GZÛÅÇtäm-ZïºÛ-Å¼-ºIô-DÞ¾-HÛ-¤Iôm-DP-¾Å-fôm-mÅ-IôP-¤fºÛ-¸-DP-hÝ-;ÙÛ½Ë¤-z¯ïÅ-bï-zÇkhü ZÛ-¤-zŸÝh-hï-Å-¼Þz-¾-Zï-z-hP-¸-DP-mÅ-hGôP¸Å-fÞG-q-zbàP-Çeï-z=Å-¿Ëàm-hGôm-qºÛ-¤hÝm-xôGÅ-ŸÛP-fP-hÝ-zBôhü ¤±m-Vß-ºiïm-¤Dm-ŸÛG-GÛÅ-‘‘GP-hÝ-ºIô-¤Dm-»Ûm-m¤-’’ŸïÅ-GÅÞPÅü

Gz-Çk ô h -hP-ƒô Å -‚ô ¾ -zBô h -qü

109

M¾-¯ï¼-zBôh-Mã¼-¾¤-fG-¼ÛP-fÞP-»ôh-’’TïÅ-Dô-¾-f-¤G-@P-GTÛGvhü ŸÛP-fP-GÛ-DP-VßP-hÝ-Z¾-Çkôh-‚ïh-Mã¼-¤±m-Vß-ºiïm-¤Dm-¤P.zÅ¤hÝm-PôÅ-ÅÞ-mGÅ-±¾-GZÛÅ-GÅÞ¤-HÛÅ-Ç+ô¼-zºÛ-IôP-ŸÛG-»ôh-±ôh¾Å-EÛ-O-fôÅü hï¼-¿UP-JÀÛP-ŸÛG-ºhÝG-qºÛ-Å-GÁôP-mP-Z¾-Çkôh-‚Åü hrÛh-¤WâG-m¤-HÛ-Å-DÞ¾-hï¼-IP-P¼-È-TP-Vï-zÅ-¤±m-¤ô-¹-ºôh-GÅ¾ŸÛP-GP-Å¼-z-¤ô-B-VÛ¾-¾ï¼-zzÅ-zÅ-IP-¸ÞG-ºEGÅ-IP-GÛÅ-GZÛh»ï-mÅ-¤-DÞG m¤-GÅ¾-D¼-‚ÛºÞ-Tô-GÅ-TÛ¼-Tß¼-HÛ-O-OôG-q-hP.¤Gôfôh-¿UP-ÇkôP-VßP-PÞºÛ-»¾-@P-ÇeïP-mÅ-B-GÅ-=-=-TïÅ-Ç+h-zOGÅ-‚ãP.ü Ÿô G Å-qºÛ - m¤-¤Dº-GÅ¾-ŸÛ P -¼Û - ¤Gô ¼ -ZÛ - ºô h -ºyô Å ü ¤Û ¤P-qô-ŸÛP-fP-hÝ-ŸÛP-Vß-ºiïm-q¼-ÇÀïzÅ-qÅ-¿UP-GÅïz-mÅ-fôm-bï-ŸÛP¤ÞºÛ-ÇtP-fP-fôG-zÇkh-mÅ-ZÛm-hïºÛ-¸-ºfÞP-»P-¤-‚ãP.ü ZÛm-GÝP-XïÅ¤Iôm-DP-hÝ-ÅôP-ü Å-¼Þz-q-hP-±ï-¼ÛP-P-GZÛÅ-ºIâ¾-DP-xÛ¼-Vß-±ôhzTß-GTÛG-z¼-Zïm-»ô¾-hÝ-zÇkhü ºIâ¾-¤±¤Å-Vh-hï-IôP-¤ÛºÛ-M¾ÇKô-zMz-TÛP-ºIâ¾-DP-M¾-ÇKô-»P-zMz-¾-Zï-zÅ-ºIâ¾-DP-hÝ-ÅôP.mÅZ¾-zÅ-GZÛ h -fï P Å-GTÛ G -¾-m¤-GÅ¾ü Ÿô G Å-q-ÇS - ¾PÅ-ˆÛ Å -DPô - z=â Å -ÁÛ P -Ÿô G Å-¸Å-¸ô Å ü ŸG-¤-GZÛ Å -ˆÛ - DP-JÀ - M-ÇK ô ¼ -zMh-¼ï ¯ÛÅ-MG-‚Åü ÇS-iôºÛ-Vß-±ôh-zhÝm-q¼-ºIâ¾-Bï¾-½ÀPÅ-ºDô¼-ºIâ¾DP-mÅ-fô m -bï - ZÛ m -GÝ P -fô G -Å-B-hP-¿Ë - ¯ï º Û - ¾¤-GÅÞ ¤ -¤hô ¼ -º‚ô ¼ ü

110

P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

P-±ô-¤Û-zhÝm-ºIâ¾-Bï¾-½ÀPÅ-ºDô¼-¾Å-zzÅü hï-G¼-ºIâ¾DP-fïzÅ-VG-TÛG-»ôh-q¼-GÝP-¸Å-z¸ô-¼Þ-zTßG hGÝP-¸Å-¸ôÅ-q-hPfG-¼ÛP-mÅ-½ÀPÅ-ºDô¼-ŸÛG-»ôP-zºÛ-¿kÛ¼-OÅ-±ï-¼ÛP-¾¤-D¼-MãG-ÇeïÁ¼-½À â P -dGÅ-Tm-HÛ - hô - Bï ¾ -½À P Å-ºDô ¼ -ŸÛ G -»ô P -z-hï - z;G G®PxôGÅ-mÅ-»Ûm-qºÛ-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-D-¾ô-z-ŸÛG-ºhÝG-q¼-±ï-¼ÛP-GÛÅ-½ÀPÅºDô ¼ -fô G -„À â G -¼ô G Å-ŸÝ Å ü D-¾ô - zÅ-GP-hÝ - ºIô - º¤-GÅÞ P Åü ±ï ¼ÛP-GÛÅ-Çeôh-GPÅ-¼Ûm-qô-Vï-Ç+ô¼-z¼-ºIô-¤Dm-»Ûm-¾z-q¼-hGôh-TÛPM-G¼-hÝ-ºIô-¤Dm-¼ïhü hï-ÇSôm-¤Û-¤P-qô-DÞ¼-¥ôP-ŸïÅ-P-±ô-½ÀPÅ-ºDô¼fô G -zŸG ¿Ë - ¯ï - z¼-¤Û - ¼ï - mÅ-l¾-JÀ - M-ÇK ô ¼ -zTô - zMh-¼ï - „À P Å-q-±ï ¼ÛP-GÛÅ-Í¤-yG-mÅ-zbôm-bï-vhü ¿Ë-¯ïºÛ-μôP-ºI¤-¼Û-Ço¼-P-±ô-½ÀPÅºDô¼-¾Å-wz-mÅ-IôP-¤fº-Ç+ô¼-Mã¼-¤PGÅü ±ï-¼ÛP-hP-hzP-VïmGŸÝP-¾¤-zMãh-½ÀPÅ-ºDô¼-¤WâG-bà-ÅôP.ü P-±ô-IôP-¤Gô¼-ÇKÝG-ÇkôhÇ+ z Å-μô P -hï º Û - DP-q-GÅ¼-MG-‚ï h -zŸÛ m -qºÛ - Iô P -¤Û Å -»-¤±m-Vï m qôÅ-z¿e-¼Þz-‚ïhü D-¾ô-zÅ-hô-mÝz-hô-zô-zbôm-¤Dm-¤ïh-qÅ-ºhÛ¼-ŸGÇkôh-‚ïhü xÛ-ZÛm-fôm-VôG-GÅÞPÅü D-¾ô-z¼-xÛ-ZÛm-¾¤-z¼-mÅ-„ÀâGMã ¼ -¼ï - ŸÝ - ‚Åü W-Ç+ ô ¾ -Mã º Û - È-»P-Dô G -¿e Û ¼ -ŸÛ G -¿Ë - Å-mÅ-Zô Å -q-D× h‚ÛP-FP-ºIâ¾-DP-hÝ-ŸG-Çkôh-ˆÛ-hGôP-¤ô-Ghm-zˆG-ºôG-¾ÞÅ-qÅ»P-zB¼-È-»P-DôG-¿eÛ¼-ŸÛG-¿Ë-¯ï-μôP-¾Å-ZôÅü Í¼-¾Å-‚ïh-»Þ¾-

Gz-Çk ô h -hP-ƒô Å -‚ô ¾ -zBô h -qü

111

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112

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113

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114

P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

z-ºwï¾-qôÅ-JÀïP-¤ô¾-‚ïh-ˆÛm-zBôhü VP-μôGÅ-XïÅ-‚ï-¤ºÛ-ÇeïP-ºIô»Þm-¼ÛP-zÅ-ºfÞP-Vß-¤ïh-q¼-D-Ç+ô¤-ZÛ-¤Å-º±ÛG-Çeï-¾¤-zIôh-¾-h;º±ï G Å-Vï - z-¼ï h ü ‚ï - ¼Û - hï ¼ -‘‘ ¯Û z Å-¼Û - ’’Ÿï Å -GmÅ-¼Û - ŸÛ G -»Û m -q¼IGÅü hï-XïÅ-mÝ-Vß-hP-ÇtP-D-»ôh-q-ŸÛG-bà-ÇÀïzÅ-qÅ-W-zÇ+ô¾-ÇtGÅ¸ôÅ-¿Ëôh-Çkôh-ˆÛÅ-ZÛ-¤-hGôP-¾-xôGÅ-q-hP-‚ï-ÁÝ¼-mÅ-¾ÞP-¤hºÛ-Vßzô º Û - ¸¤-q-Mã h -w-Pô Å -ˆÛ - ¼Û - zô - zL¾-Mã ¼ -‚ï - ½À â P -Fô h -zBô h ü IP-½À â P ºÞ¼-ºÞ¼-HÛÅ-IP-¸ÞG-Wï-Vï¼-Hã¼-zÅ-¤Gô-zô-zbà¤-»P-‚ï-½ÀâP-GÛÅ-¤Vßbô - GÅü Vß - DºÛ - ¼Û - DÞ G -bà - ¾-¤G-GÛ - lô - ¼G-zÇ+ ô ¼ -zºÛ - ¾Þ G -μÛ º Û - Çk ô h ÇK¼-hÝ-ÇÀïzÅü LÅ-qô-GTÛG-hP-yâ-GÝ-ºGº-ÁÅ-»ôh-qÅ-hzP-Vïm-PôÁïÅ-bï-Çoï-¾ïm-‚Åü ¾ÞG-μÛÅ-hzP-Vïm-¾-VP-iPÅü P-±ô-fz-ºDô¼hÝ-¤ï-Æô-zŸÛm-zÇkhü hzP-Vïm-VP-GÛ-z¸Û-mÅ-ºV¾-Gb¤-¤P-hÝ-fômqÅ-¾¤-¼ô G Å-zÞ - ¤ô - GZÛ Å -qô Å -Dô - ¾-z¿e Å -bï - Fï ¾ -hGô h -‚Åü hzPVïm-Fô-¾PÅ-mÅ-zÞ-¤ô-GZÛÅ-¾-Eôh-GZÛÅ-¤Û-FÛh-¸ï¼-¼-z¸ÛºÛ-Bå¼-ºGôP±ß G Åü zÞ - ¤ô - GZÛ Å -qô Å -ˆP-PÞ Å -mÅ-¤Û - ºIô - ¸ï ¼ -zXô h ü ±ï - ¼Û P -PGZÛ Å -Zï m -dô G -qÅ-ºWâ - Zï m -»ô h -q-¾¤-¼ô G Å-ÅÞ - ¾ºP-±ô ¼ -Ço P -¤ï h ü hzP-Vïm-hP-zÞ-¤ô-GZÛÅ-¾-D-¤DÅ-vï¾-¾h-ˆÛÅ-D-zl-‚Å-ÁÛP-hï-mÝz¾Þ G -±P-Çe ô P -q-ŸÛ G -bà - Z¾-Çk ô h -‚Åü fô - ¼ï P Å-hzP-Vï m -HÛ Å -¾ô P ÅŸïÅ-Ç+h-zl-‚ãP-z-hP-¼Û-ÇoºÛ-¸¤-q-Ç+ô¼-mÅ-zBôh-Ç+zÅ-B-¤hº-zbP-

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115

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116

P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

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z¾-»Þ ¾ -Zï m -dô G -qºÛ - hô - h¤-hÝ - ±ß h -qü

117

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118

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120

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122

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123

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124

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127

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128

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130

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132

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134

P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

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136

P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

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137

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138

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150

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151

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152

P-hP-GTß P -qô ü

Iô P -Eï ¼ -ºƒÛ P -¼Û ¤ -¤Û - h¤PÅ-FÛ ¤ Å-DP-GÛ Å -uÛ - ¾ô - 1989 ¾ô º Û - ¹1 ±ï Å - 19 ZÛ m -(89)¿Ë - FÛ ¤ Å-Zï Å -»Û G 5 qºÛ - zTh-FÅ-hÝ Å z;G-z®ôm-ºWâG-¾ô-zTß-hP-Vz-ÆÛh-Dï-hzP-¾ô-GÅÞ¤-z®m-ºyôG-‚Mãü 4] Gô P -Gbà G Å-¤Dmü ;Ý m -z¸P-±ï - ¼Û P .ü GŸm-¤Û P -¾„À ô - z¸P-Vô Å -º‚ô ¼ ü Bï Å -qü zô h -¼Û G Åü ¼P-¾ô - 32 zô h -¿Y ô P Å¤¾-Iô-GÝP-h;¼-μôP-GÛ-¤Ûü z®ôm-ºWâG-¤-‚Å-GôP-hGº-¿km-hGômqºÛ - IÔ - q-¼ï h ü GÅ¼-zXï ¼ -Pô - Lô ¾ -HÛ - iÛ ¾ -zOGÅ-Pm-zÇ+ Ý ¾ -HÛ - Hô h GŸÛ Å -Aï m -qÅü ¿Ë - Å-Iô P -Eï ¼ -ºƒÛ P -¼Û ¤ -¤Û - h¤PÅ-FÛ ¤ Å-DP-GÛ Å uÛ - ¾ô - 1989 ¾ô º Û - ¹- 1 ±ï Å - 19 ZÛ m -(89)¿Ë - FÛ ¤ Å-Zï Å -»Û G 5 qºÛ-zTh-FÅü hÝÅ-z;G-z®ôm-ºWâG-¾ô-hGÝ-hP-Vz-ÆÛh-Dï-hzP¾ô - GÅÞ ¤ -z®m-ºyô G -‚-Mã ü 5] Gô P -Gbà G Å-¤Dmü z¯ô m -ºIâ Å -¤f¼-xÛ m ü GŸm¤Û P -¾-IGÅ-q-±ß ¾ -FÛ ¤ Åü Bï Å -qü zô h -¼Û G Åü ¼P-¾ô - 41 zô h ¿YôPÅ-¤¾-Iô-GÝP-h;¼-μôP-GÛ-¤Ûü z®ôm-ºWâG-¤-‚Å-GôP-hGº-¿kmhGôm-qºÛ-IÔ-q-¼ïhü GÅ¼-zXï¼-Pô-Lô¾-HÛ-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-Pm-zÇ+Ý¾-HÛHô h -GŸÛ Å -Aï m -qÅü ¿Ë - Å-Iô P -Eï ¼ -ºƒÛ P -¼Û ¤ -¤Û - h¤PÅ-FÛ ¤ Å-DPGÛ Å -uÛ - ¾ô - 1989 ¾ô º Û - ¹- 1 ±ï Å -19 ZÛ m -(89)¿Ë - FÛ ¤ Å-Zï Å -

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153

»Û G 5 qºÛ - zTh-FÅü hÝ Å -z;G-z®ô m -ºWâ G -¾ô - zMh-hP.Vz-ÆÛ h Dï - hzP-¾ô - GZÛ Å -z®m-ºyô G -‚-Mã ü 6] Gô P -Gbà G Å-¤Dmü Vß P -zhG GŸm-¤Û P -¾-„À ô - z¸Pz=-ÁÛ Å ü Bï - qü zô h -¼Û G Åü ¼P-¾ô - 28 zô h -¿Y ô P Å-Çe G -¯ï - μô P -GÛ ¤Û ü z®ô m -ºWâ G -¤-‚Å-Gô P -hGº-¿k m -hGô m -qºÛ - IÔ - q-¼ï h ü GÅ¼zXï¼-Pô-Lô¾-HÛ-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-Pm-zÇ+Ý¾-HÛ-Hôh-GŸÛÅ-Aïm-qÅü ¿Ë-ÅIô P -Eï ¼ -ºƒÛ P -¼Û ¤ -¤Û - h¤PÅ-FÛ ¤ Å-DP-GÛ Å -uÛ - ¾ô - 1989 ¾ô º Û - ¹1 ±ï Å - 19 ZÛ m -(89)¿Ë - FÛ ¤ Å-Zï Å -»Û G 5 qºÛ - zTh-FÅü hÝÅ-z;G-z®ôm-ºWâG-¾ô-zhÝm-hP-Vz-ÆÛh-Dï-hzP-¾ô-GZÛÅ-z®m-ºyôG‚-Mãü 7] Gô P -Gbà G Å-¤Dmü ±ï - ¼Û P -zÅô h -m¤Åü GŸm-¤Û P ¾-zÇe m -º²Û m -±ß ¾ -FÛ ¤ Åü Bï Å -qü zô h -¼Û G Åü ¼P-¾ô - 26 zô h ¿YôPÅ-ÇeG-¯ï-μôP-GÛ-¤Ûü z®ôm-ºWâG-¤-‚Å-GôP-hGº-¿km-hGôm-qºÛIÔ-q-¼ïhü GÅ¼-zXï¼-Pô-Lô¾-HÛ-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-Pm-zÇ+Ý¾-HÛ-Hôh-GŸÛÅAï m -qÅü ¿Ë - Å-Iô P -Eï ¼ -ºƒÛ P -¼Û ¤ -¤Û - h¤PÅ-FÛ ¤ Å-DP-GÛ Å -uÛ - ¾ô 1989 ¾ô º Û - ¹- 1 ±ï Å - 19 ZÛ m -(89)¿Ë - FÛ ¤ Å-Zï Å -»Û G 5 qºÛ - zTh-FÅü hÝ Å -z;G-z®ô m -ºWâ G -¾ô - ¿S - hP-Vz-ÆÛ h -Dï - hzP-¾ô GZÛ Å -z®m-ºyô G -‚-Mã ü

154

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8] Gô P -Gbà G Å-¤Dmü ±ï - ¼Û P .ü GŸm-¤Û P -¾-IGÅ-qzÇe m -MÅü Bï Å -qü zô h -¼Û G Åü ¼P-¾ô - 26 zô h -¿Y ô P Å-¤¾-Iô GÝ P -h;¼-μô P -GÛ - ¤Û ü z®ô m -ºWâ G -¤-‚Å-Gô P -hGº-¿k m -hGô m -qºÛ - IÔ q-¼ï h ü GÅ¼-zXï ¼ -Pô - Lô ¾ -HÛ - iÛ ¾ -zOGÅ-Pm-zÇ+ Ý ¾ -HÛ - Hô h -GŸÛ Å Aï m -qÅü ¿Ë - Å-Iô P -Eï ¼ -ºƒÛ P -¼Û ¤ -¤Û - h¤PÅ-FÛ ¤ Å-DP-GÛ Å -uÛ - ¾ô 1989 ¾ô º Û - ¹- 1 ±ï Å - 19 ZÛ m -(89)¿Ë - FÛ ¤ Å-Zï Å -»Û G 5 qºÛ-zTh-FÅü hÝÅ-z;G-z®ôm-ºWâG-¾ô-zŸÛ-hP-Vz-ÆÛh-Dï-hzP-¾ôGTÛ G -z®m-ºyôG-‚-Mãü 9] Gô P -Gbà G Å-¤Dmü z=-ÁÛ Å ü GŸm-¤Û P -¾-¿Ë à m -Iâ z Ç+¾-¿kmü BïÅ-qü zôh-¼ÛGÅü ¼P-¾ô- 22 zôh-¿YôPÅ-¤¾-Iô-GÝPh;¼-μôP-GÛ-¤Ûü z®ôm-ºWâG-¤-‚Å-GôP-hGº-¿km-hGôm-qºÛ-IÔ-q-¼ïhü GÅ¼-zXï¼-Pô-Lô¾-HÛ-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-Pm-zÇ+Ý¾-HÛ-Hôh-GŸÛÅ-Aïm-qÅü ¿ËÅ-Iô P -Eï ¼ -ºƒÛ P -¼Û ¤ -¤Û - h¤PÅ-FÛ ¤ Å-DP-GÛ Å -uÛ - ¾ô - 1989 ¾ô º Û ¹- 1 ±ï Å - 19 ZÛ m -(89)¿Ë - FÛ ¤ Å-Zï Å -»Û G 5 qºÛ - zTh-FÅü hÝÅ-z;G-z®ôm-ºWâG-¾ô-GÅÞ¤-hP-Vz-ÆÛh-Dï-hzP-¾ô-GTÛG-z®m-ºyôG‚-Mã - Åô G Å-ºDô h -»ô h ü

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156

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