Next Generation Port Infra, powered by Maasvlakte 2
www.nextgenerationinfrastructures.eu/maasvlakte2
NEXT GENERATION PORT INFRA, POWERED BY MAASVLAKTE 2 Global Hub
8 Apps Development for the Port of Rotterdam and its Hinterland 11 Exploratory Modeling and Analysis for Flexible Port Design
Investment climate
Land Use
To which elements of the Port Vision 2030 do the research projects of Next Generation Infrastructures contribute?
Success factors
Accessibility
6 Asset Life Cycle Management
1 2 4 6 7 10 11
Simulation of Cluster Development of Maasvlakte 2 Flexibility in Port Management and Port Development 3D Spatial Data Infrastructure Asset Life Cycle Management Masterplan+ Benegrids Exploratory Modeling and Analysis for Flexible Port Design
5 Towards Improved Hinterland Accessibility for the Port of Rotterdam 7 Masterplan+
Shipping Laws & regulations Environment, safety and quality of life
1 Simulation of Cluster Development of Maasvlakte 2 2 Flexibility in Port Management and Port Development 7 Masterplan+
City and region Labour Innovation Europe
Europe’s Industrial Cluster
3 7 8 9 10
Sustainable Syngas Infrastructures Masterplan+ Apps Development for the Port of Rotterdam and its Hinterland Industrial Capture of Wind Energy Surplus Benegrids
STEERING COMMITTEE Henk de Bruijn (Port of Rotterdam), René van der Plas (Port of Rotterdam), Judith Schueler (NGInfra), Margot Weijnen (NGInfra) ADVISORY BOARD Sabine Hogewind (Port of Rotterdam), Rob Stikkelman (TU Delft), Tiedo Vellinga (Port of Rotterdam) COORDINATION TEAM Marco Verschoor (NGInfra), Jacqueline Meerkerk (NGInfra) CONTACT seaports@nextgenerationinfrastructures.eu
March 2014
Photography: Danny Cornelissen (portpictures.nl), Shutterstock and others - Graphic design: Heike Slingerland BNO - Infographic: De ArgumentenFabriek
www.nextgenerationinfrastructures.eu/maasvlakte2 1
SIMULATION OF CLUSTER DEVELOPMENT OF MAASVLAKTE 2 Scenario Development Agent Based Modelling
Creating Industrial Clusters
“A simulation tool that can assist - and make decisions! These were the promising prospects of this project. Business developers at the Port Authority participated enthusiastically in intensive work sessions in which the commercial process and planning options for Maasvlakte 2 were analysed in depth. After this we were faced with a long wait for the scientists to flesh out the complicated concept. But the results were promising. Definitely worth a follow-up. However, due to its long throughput time, the project is also difficult to combine with day-to-day work. Because it is so complex, it can’t just be ‘slotted in’, and regular feedback between researchers and staff is needed in order to ensure continuity. A lesson for the future.” Ankie Jansen, Port of Rotterdam
This project has resulted in an ABM simulation tool that can be used by employees of the PoR to elucidate influences of scenarios and decisions made by the PoR on the long term development of industrial clusters at Maasvlakte 2. To help manage data used for the model, a semantic wiki has been set up. Every company, facility and product has a dedicated wiki page describing the facts collected for each object. The simulation is run via a user interface that is able to download the latest data from a semantic wiki.
Rob Stikkelman
The user is then free to modify this data and test out different scenarios involving various combinations of companies and price trends for different types of goods. The Agent Based Model simulates the investment decision behaviour of simulated individual companies. Once companies have started operation, they form trading networks among themselves and larger aggregated markets. Based on this, we are able to track the flow of money and goods between agents, and consequently between the Port and the world market.
Ankie Jansen
PROJECT LE LEADER Rob Stikkelman: r.m.stikkelman@tudelft.nl PROJECT TEAM Ronald Backers (Port of Rotterdam), Karin de Boo (Port of Rotterdam), Chris Davis (TU Delft), Ankie Janssen (Port of Rotterdam), Roos van Krevelen (Port of Rotterdam), Hugo du Mez (Port of Rotterdam), Igor Nikolic (TU Delft), Bram van der Staaij (Port of Rotterdam), Rob Stikkelman (TU Delft), Gert Jan Stolk (TU Delft)
SIMULATION OF CLUSTER DEVELOPMENT OF MAASVLAKTE 2
www.nextgenerationinfrastructures.eu/maasvlakte2 2
FLEXIBILITY IN PORT DEVELOPMENT AND PORT MANAGEMENT Flexible Port Clusters Adaptive Management Strategies for Port Development “Adaptivity is key: examples of what was planned, yet realized in a different way are plenty. Therefore a port needs the ability to adapt to changing circumstances. This project provides us with knowledge on how to incorporate greater flexibility in our process of port development.� Nico van Dooren, Port of Rotterdam
The flexibility of a port is highly important for the future performance of a port. The ability to adapt to changes in the world and in the port itself is therefore a necessity. In this study we found that ports can increase their flexibility in four ways: 1. The design of concessions has multiple effects, both positive and negative, on the flexibility of the port. There are at least six variables in concession that influence flexibility.
Michiel Nijdam
2. In developing a port site some measure can be taken to make future redevelopment easier, ranging from the design to creating a redevelopment fund. 3. Developing a hinterland network that balances scale, scope and flexibility is essential to become an attractive link in many transport chains. 4. Especially for the rail connections, a flexible organizational set-up is needed.
Nico van Dooren
PROJECT LEADER Michiel Nijdam: mnijdam@ese.eur.nl PROJECT TEAM Nico van Dooren (Port of Rotterdam), Martijn van der Horst (Erasmus University Rotterdam), Larissa van der Lugt (Erasmus University Rotterdam), Michiel Nijdam (Erasmus University Rotterdam), Danny Schipper (Erasmus University Rotterdam)
FLEXIBILITY IN PORT DEVELOPMENT AND PORT MANAGEMENT
www.nextgenerationinfrastructures.eu/maasvlakte2 3
DEVELOPMENT AND GREENING OF A SYNGAS INFRASTRUCTURE Next Generation Energy Strategy Multi Actor Approach Guide Book “Developing infrastructures for an industrial cluster of the future harnesses numerous uncertainties. What will be? What infrastructures are needed? When? How much? How to make sure that scarce resources are not wasted, in time and tailored to the needs of the industry? This research has provided us with tools and models which we use to predict the future need for infrastructures by the industrial cluster at Maasvlakte 2.� Stijn Effting, Port of Rotterdam
For decades, industries in seaports rely heavily upon fossil energy sources. Although security of supply is not in jeopardy, we may question whether they will play a dominant role in a remote future. For safeguarding the strategic energy position of the port of Rotterdam, the development of next generation energy infrastructures is key. The study resulted in an overview of twenty-eight relevant methods and tools, two design tools, based on geometric graph theory and agentbased modelling, for pipeline networks, a design method for a multiproducer, multi-consumer syngas infra-structure and an Aspen model for gasification. These results will support the Port of Rotterdam Authority to navigate towards new energy infra-structures.
Stijn Effting
PROJECT LEADER Rob Stikkelman: r.m.stikkelman@tudelft.nl PROJECT TEAM Gerard Dijkema (TU Delft), Petra Heijnen (TU Delft), Paulien Herder (TU Delft), Ankie Janssen (Port of Rotterdam), Wiebren de Jong (TU Delft), Andreas Ligtvoet (TU Delft), Sander Rijsdijk (Port of Rotterdam), Juliana Sara da Silva (TU Delft), Rob Stikkelman (TU Delft)
Rob Stikkelman
DEVELOPMENT AND GREENING OF A SYNGAS INFRASTRUCTURE
www.nextgenerationinfrastructures.eu/maasvlakte2 4
3D SPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURE 3D Models 3D Visualisation 3D Spatial Data Integration “The Port of Rotterdam Authority (PoR) uses 3D models for the process of developing port sites and infrastructure. In the current practice for each project a unique 3D model is built, using custom formats. This is a one-off, timeconsuming and costly process. The 3D SDI research project shows that it is possible to import and export data from the source databases, i.e. the 3DGIS and BIM information, into a project model using a defined and manageable process, using (inter-)national geospatial data formats/standards. The application of the research result will simplify and shorten the build-up of a 3D project model. This offers advantages for the development of port areas, the lead time is shortened and more alternatives can be explored in shorter time and at lower cost. This makes it easier to respond to issues and developments in the logistics chains in the port.� Anne Jan Boersma, Port of Rotterdam
Anne Jan Boersma
This project has designed a unique 3D Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) for the Port of Rotterdam Authority and Maasvlakte 2 developments. The 3D SDI is based on national and international standards for managing and sharing 3D GIS information for above and below ground (buildings, cables and pipelines, geotechnical information) and the most recent developments in BIM. With this unique model (or rather model of models) it is possible to combine 3D data from different sources (software packages) and make it available for parties/organizations of the Port of Rotterdam.
Sisi Zlatanova
The project has validated the scientific concepts in two scenarios: quay and underground cables and pipes. Two prototypes demonstrate how the proposed 3D SDI supports both the planning phase and the implementation phases within projects carried out in the Port of Rotterdam.
PROJECT LEADER Sisi Zlatanova: s.zlatanova@tudelft.nl PROJECT TEAM Jakob Beetz (Eindhoven University of Technology), Anne Jan Boersma (Port of Rotterdam), Joris Goos (Municipality Rotterdam), Albert Mulder (Port of Rotterdam), Bauke de Vries (Eindhoven University of Technology), Marian de Vries (TU Delft), Sisi Zlatanova (TU Delft)
3D SPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURE
www.nextgenerationinfrastructures.eu/maasvlakte2 5
DUBROVNIK: TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE ACCESSIBILITY FOR THE PORT OF ROTTERDAM Accessibility Governance Principles Role Port of Rotterdam
The focus of the project is on development of new governance roles for managers of complex infrastructures, in this case a port authority.
“The Dubrovnik project has given us clear insights into the dynamics of the cooperation between the different stakeholders involved in the Maasvlakte rail infrastructure. Through game theory and the positive approach and expertise of the researchers from TNO and Erasmus University Rotterdam, this project has definitely proved its worth in the search for container logistics solutions at Maasvlakte.” Maarten de Wijs, Port of Rotterdam
The project has identified a set of new governance modes for improving the use of the port’s inland infrastructure. It has developed and applied an Excel-based tool for assessing the impact of fragmentation at the seaside, i.e. the development of new container terminals, for the performance of intermodal transport at the landside of the terminals.
Larissa van der Lugt
Conclusion is that fragmented transhipment at the seaside asks for new bundling concepts for the inland intermodal transport, requiring new governance modes in the port. And this impacts all the actors involved. To evaluate these impacts the project has also delivered an assessment tool that was designed based on the principles of coalition formation game theory, for the selection of potential successful governance options.
Maarten de Wijs PROJECTTEAM Fase 1: Larissa van der Lugt: vanderlugt@ese.eur.nl, Fase 2: Jaco van Meijeren: jaco.vanmeijeren@tno.nl PROJECTLEADER Cees Deelen (Port of Rotterdam), Wouter van Dijk (Port of
Rotterdam), Hans Hellendoorn (TU Delft), Martijn van der Horst (Erasmus University Rotterdam), Milan Janic (TU Delft), Larissa van der Lugt (Erasmus University Rotterdam), Jaco van Meijeren (TNO), Simone Merkel (Port of Rotterdam), Rudy Negenborn (TU Delft), Diana van Noordergraaf (TNO), Albert Veenstra (TNO), Rob Zuidwijk (TU Delft)
DUBROVNIK: TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE ACCESSIBILITY FOR THE PORT OF ROTTERDAM
www.nextgenerationinfrastructures.eu/maasvlakte2 6
ASSET LIFE CYCLE MANAGEMENT Asset Management
Company Values Company Culture “The project included a culture survey and the designing of the business values matrix, which were carried out for the World Class Asset Management programme. The transition to this programme will enable us to manage our assets throughout their life cycle, maintaining acceptable levels of cost and risk. The culture survey gave us insight into our asset-management culture: ‘proud and confident’. The business-values matrix assists us in comparing different assets and weighing up the relevant factors. The matrix is based on the Port Vision (Havenvisie) and Business Plan.” Annemarie Burgemeester, Port of Rotterdam
The goal is to support the Port of Rotterdam in their asset life cycle management by applying results from the NGInfra program to the asset management practices of the Port of Rotterdam on the following topics: company values, asset management culture, lean asset management, effects of disturbances to accessibility to the port. All topics provided valuable insights for the port. Especially the part regarding the company values. In the scientific literature a suitable approach for our purposes was still lacking. We devised an approach based on Keeney’s Value Focused Thinking, interviews, and text mining in order to answer the question. As a result five corporate values were defined. The elicitated values are now used by the Port of Rotterdam for their risk based asset management. We expect that the approach may be used by other companies that are defining their corporate values (for asset management purposes).
Annemarie Burgemeester
PROJECT LEADER Telli van der Lei: t.e.vanderlei@tudelft.nl PROJECT TEAM Paulien Herder (TU Delft), Telli van der Lei (TU Delft), Steve Sol (TU Delft)
Telli van der Lei
ASSET LIFE CYCLE MANAGEMENT
www.nextgenerationinfrastructures.eu/maasvlakte2 7
MASTERPLAN + Adaptive Masterplan for MV2 Dealing with Future Uncertainty Continuous Re-design
“As a Port Authority, you’re managing infrastructure that will operate for decades, so you need to make sure its design is extremely robust. It has to meet the needs of our ‘official future’ set out in the Port Vision 2030, but it also has to be generally future-proof. The NGInfra project Masterplan+ is helping us to determine when that future begins and what it could look like. It is forcing us to think about how we would and should deal with it. It’s incredibly challenging and therefore very enlightening.” Jan Willem Koeman, Projectorganisatie Maasvlakte 2
The current Masterplan for the Maasvlakte 2 area projects a phased development, that follows the expected growth of the transhipment volumes through the port of Rotterdam. There are also other uncertainties than freight growth, which also determine the success of the Maasvlakte development and need to be taken into account to arrive at a robust Masterplan. The project has extended and applied the DAPP (dynamic adaptive port planning) framework and has added an exploratory modelling of global freight flows.
Lóri Tavasszy
Together with a proposal for a monitoring system for improved strategic situational awareness, this provides input for the next update of the Maasvlakte 2 Masterplan.
Jan Willem Koeman PROJECT LEADER Lóri Tavasszy: l.a.tavasszy@tudelft.nl PROJECT TEAM Cees Deelen (Port of Rotterdam), Ron van Duin (TU Delft), Hans van Ham (TU Delft), Jorrit Harmsen (TNO), Paulien Herder (TU Delft), Jan Willem Koeman (Port of Rotterdam), Jaco van Meijeren (TNO), René van der Plas (Port of Rotterdam), Rob Stikkelman (TU Delft), Poonam Taneja (TU Delft), Lóri Tavasszy (TU Delft), Tiedo Vellinga (TU Delft)
MASTERPLAN +
www.nextgenerationinfrastructures.eu/maasvlakte2
8
APPS DEVELOPMENT FOR THE PORT OF ROTTERDAM AND ITS HINTERLAND Smart port Open innovation Hackathon “Through the NGInfra project, the Port Authority has taken an important first step towards the era of open data and big data. We have initiated discussions about the role of the Port Authority, its data and why we are unable or do not wish to publish certain data. Thanks to this project, we now also have a ‘Vision for Information’. This demonstrates the value of collaborating with knowledge institutions such as TNO and TU Delft.” Mare Straetmans, Port of Rotterdam
The AOHA project, Apps Ontwikkeling voor de Haven met zijn Achterland, addresses the question to decrease development time and deployment costs (TCO: Total Cost of Ownership) of innovative applications (apps on smart devices) based on data of the Rotterdam Port Authority in the context of Havenvisie2030. Potential use cases for apps were developed and analyzed against available data of RPA. An analysis model is developed to assess any open issues for making data available. Within a hackathon, a number of apps has been developed based on RPA data for self-organization in vessel arrival and coordinating all actions during a vessel call in the port.
Wout Hofman
The apps are well received and the hackaton could be a first initiative for a covenant between stakeholders and app developers to investigate further opportunities and business models. As a follow up, a challenge to expand functionality and more clearly define business models is going to be organized. The results of the project are input to the IT vision underlying Havenvisie2030. Mare Straetmans
PROJECTLE PROJECTLEADER
Wout Hofman (TNO), wout.hofman@tno.nl PROJECTTEAM PROJECTTE
Silja Eckartz (TNO), Madan Rajagopal (TNO), Jan van den Berg (TU Delft), Melissa Chin (TU Delft), Timo van Dam (TU Delft), Sander Faber (TU Delft), Katrien Meijdam (TU Delft).
APPS DEVELOPMENT FOR THE PORT OF ROTTERDAM AND ITS HINTERLAND
www.nextgenerationinfrastructures.eu/maasvlakte2
9
INDUSTRIAL CAPTURE OF WIND ENERGY SURPLUS Flexibility Business Case Model Smart Industrial Grid
“This project has shown us how we can deal with the increasing fluctuation in electricity prices due to the unstable supply of sustainable solar and wind power. The port of Rotterdam has enormous potential for responding flexibly to this. We now need to work with the private sector and take concrete steps to gain experience. An added benefit of the project was that it received a great deal of positive attention in the media and attracted a lot of interest from other port authorities.� Wilco van der Lans, Port of Rotterdam
The production of wind energy is variable. At times surplus amounts are generated which will remain unused until extra demand is created. In this project we have developed and applied a design approach to explore the opportunities within the Port Of Rotterdam industrial cluster to convert a surplus of wind energy into valuable products. Our focus is on technology, economics, sustainability and stake holders. Examples include the production of green chemicals, such as ammonia and nitric acid and of utility gases such as hydrogen and oxygen. Two show case were selected: the production of green methanol based on hydrogen and carbon dioxide as inputs and the production green steam. Particularly, the latter option, shows, due to its simplicity, a huge implementation potential in the harbor industrial cluster of Rotterdam.
Rob Stikkelman
This project attracted the interest of dozens of companies and institutions and obtained prominent attention in the public media, including two articles in the Dutch newspaper Volkskrant.
Wilco van der Lans PROJECT LEADER Rob Stikkelman: r.m.stikkelman@tudelft.nl PROJECT TEAM Sander Fijn van Draat (E-ON Benelux N.V.), Kas Hemmes (TU Delft), Hans van Hooijdonk (TenneT TSO B.V.), Joris Hurenkamp (Port of Rotterdam), Nicole van Klaveren-Pleumeekers (Port of Rotterdam), Wilco Van der Lans (Port of Rotterdam), Daniel Lauwen (E-ON Benelux N.V.), Anish Patil (Proton Ventures B.V.), Menno Ros (E-ON Benelux N.V.), Rob Stikkelman (TU Delft), Hans Vrijenhoef (Proton Ventures B.V.)
INDUSTRIAL CAPTURE OF WIND ENERGY SURPLUS
www.nextgenerationinfrastructures.eu/maasvlakte2 10
BENEGRIDS: GETTING MORE BENEFITS FROM GRIDS ‘Nested Boxes’ Models
Multi-actor Assessment Bottom-line Synergy “‘The Port’s treasure house’ was the working title under which we launched the BeneGrids project. Soon we were also referring to it as a ‘box of blocks’; creating large components from small building blocks. Remarkably enough, when you look at the results, you can see both these aspects. The project is delivering a wealth of useful information that we can use to facilitate our own decision-making process or analyse that of others.” Nico van Dooren, Port of Rotterdam
The main contribution of the BeneGrids project to science has been methodological. We have demonstrated that our multiactor systems approach to modeling of industrial networks, and our supporting software tool (Linny-R) are effective. We found that both method and tool have a steep learning curve for analysts, and produce models and insights that are easily communicated with professionals at the Port of Rotterdam. The method makes innovative use of conventional linear optimization, and permits rapid assessment of alternative scenario’s in terms of costs and benefits for different actors. The Port of Rotterdam finds the substantive findings plausible, and valuable inputs for strategic decisionmaking.
Nico van Dooren
PROJECT LEADER Pieter Bots: p.w.g.bots@tudelft.nl PROJECT TEAM Pieter Bots (TU Delft), Scott Cunningham (TU Delft), Nico van Dooren (Port of Rotterdam), Sibel Erek (TU Delft), Pieter van Essen (Port of Rotterdam), Rob Stikkelman (TU Delft)
Pieter Bots
BENEGRIDS
www.nextgenerationinfrastructures.eu/maasvlakte2 11
EXPLORATORY MODELING AND ANALYSIS FOR FLEXIBLE PORT DESIGN Flexibility of Infrastructures Explorative Modelling Real Options Analysis “The main conclusion of the study is that connections to the hinterland play a crucial role in terms of the port’s competitive position. This strengthens our conviction that improving transport flows and extending the hinterland network are essential factors in improving our market position in the Hamburg-Le Havre Range.”
The environment of today’s infrastructures is becoming ever more dynamic and complex. In the context of Next Generation Infrastructures, exploratory modelling has been developed to support identification of key uncertainties and vulnerabilities, and of ways to handle these in the development and management of infrastructures. The aim of this project was to apply and assess this technique in a real world setting.
Sabine Hogewind, Port of Rotterdam For the port of Rotterdam, we used exploratory modelling to identify the key vulnerabilities surrounding container shipping. The handling of containers forms the cornerstone of the Second Maasvlakte. Using a world container model, we explored the implications for Rotterdam of changes in global demand, the Northern Passage, a closure of the Suez Channel, decrease in costs of various Mediterranean ports, changes in costs of competitors in the Hamburg - le Havre range, and changes in travel time on the hinterland connections of various ports in Europe. We found that the travel time on the hinterland connections is a key vulnerability of Rotterdam. It also appears that in the foreseeable future, the Mediterranean ports will not become competitive with Rotterdam.
Sabine Hogewind
PROJECT LEADER Wil Thissen: w.a.h.thissen@tudelft.nl PROJECT TEAM Jan Kwakkel (TU Delft), Wil Thissen (TU Delft)
Wil Thissen
EXPLORATORY MODELING AND ANALYSIS FOR FLEXIBLE PORT DESIGN