Brochure NGInfra: 10 years of Improving by Understanding by Programmabureau NGInfra

Next Generation Infrastructures

10 years of Improving byÂ Understanding Bsik research programme final summary

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Next Generation Infrastructures: 10 years of Improving by Understanding Bsik research programme final summary

Contents

In brief 10 years of NGInfra

Education and training Involve me and I will understand

Infra becomes smarter Melanie Schultz van Haegen

A personal view • MOOC: Worldwide in the lecture halls • Building up knowledge for the port of the future

Knowledge valorisation The proof of the pudding is in the eating

A personal view • On the right track • Translating social demand into solutions

Projects • Unbundling energy companies - a curse or a blessing? • A more secure internet without Big Brother

Projects 8 • Governance of infrastructures: Where do the boundaries lie? • Towards a smarter electricity supply NGInfra in three keywords Comprehend, Connect, Solve

Scientific impact How do you make complexity manageable?

A personal view • NGInfra is an international pioneer • The added value of systems thinking

Leading in following social demand The new NGInfra

Projects • Protecting power networks from attacks • IT and the human factor

Dissemination of knowledge Common practice

Projects • The safety paradox • Infrastructure projects and looking outwards

A personal view • Building a bridge between research and practice • And now let’s take this to the next level

A personal view • Bringing infrastructure operators and science together Projects • The dilemma of public interest • A train every ten minutes

Organisation People involved with 10 years of NGInfra

In brief 10 years of NGInfra

August 2010 MoU with TU Delft, South China University of Technology and the Shenzhen City Council, China

October 2010 Start of Empowering Networks programme, together with Alliander

September 2010 Start of Next Generation Port Infra programme, powered by Maasvlakte 2, with Port of Rotterdam

June 2009 First edition of HubHolland. Magazine by NGInfra

20 Ph 0 ac as 4-2 ad e 0 em 1: 08 ic cu ri os it

July 2009 MoU with the Center for the Study of Science, Technology and Policy (CSTEP) in Bangalore, India

August 2009 MoU with Harbin Institute of Technology in Harbin, China

September 2009 First Next Generation Infrastructures Academy, Tegelen

November 2008 1st International Conference on Infrastructure Systems and Services: Building Networks for a Brighter Future, Rotterdam

September 2006 Start of Erasmus Mundus MSc programme, ‘Economics and Management of Infrastructure Networks’ (with UP Comillas Madrid, Paris XI and TU Delft)

September 2004 Start of Bsik programme

24 November 2003 Allocation of a 20 million Euro Bsik grant by the Ministry of Economic Affairs

2001 Submission of Expression of Interest in Bsik

May 2004 First meeting of international Scientific Advisory Board

February 2003 Submission of Bsik proposal

February 2005 Founding of IEEE SMC Technical Committee for Infrastructure Systems & Services

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June 2006 First meeting of the User Council

13 February 2003 Establishment of Next Generation Infrastructures Foundation

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November 2014 First edition of the Infrastructure Complexity scientific journal

April 2014 First MOOC in Next Generation Infrastructures

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19 May 2011 First InfraTrends congress

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20 May 2014 Celebrations to mark the completion of NGInfra during InfraTrends congress; infrastructure operators sign collaboration agreement for a follow-up to NGInfra

12 November 2013 Infrastructure operators sign declaration of intent for a follow-up to NGInfra at the Innovation Relay

ather than just the physical network it is the overall system that determines how well infrastructures function. This characterises the research performed by Next Generation Infrastructures (NGInfra) between 2004 and 2014. Ten years of Improving by Understanding. This NGInfra philosophy is reflected in its approach to research: interdisciplinary, reaching across infrastructural boundaries, combining science and practice, and with an emphasis on international context. And all with the purpose of improving infrastructures. NGInfra was created as a research programme as part of the Bsik scheme, a national stimulation programme commissioned by the Ministry of Economic Affairs. The research originated at TU Delft. For the Next Generation Infrastructures Foundation, set up to carry out the research programme, TU Delft was therefore a logical partner and host. NGInfra went on to develop into a knowledge centre, with a wide network of national and international partners. Hundreds of researchers – both scientists and professionals in the field – worked closely together to develop knowledge of network-related infrastructures. They had a budget

of 20 million Euros at their disposal in the form of a Bsik grant, as well as more than 20 million Euros in counter-financing. And the results are quite impressive! Over a period of a decade, NGInfra has proved to be a pioneer in infrastructure research. In 2004, the NGInfra approach was unique in the world, and since then it has prompted others to follow its example. The NGInfra legacy includes the results of 176 projects (a number of which are featured below), a series of international conferences, scientific journals, and a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC). But the most important outcome of the ten years of NGInfra is the fact that various infrastructure parties have been teaming up as a matter of course. A new NGInfra is currently on the drawing board, supported by the major infrastructure operators and owners in the Netherlands. More than anything else, NGInfra is the result of the passion and dedication of lots of people. Some of them will share their views on the significance of NGInfra in this book. They add a face to the hundreds of names of people who made NGInfra a success.

Infra becomes smarter Science has discovered the field of infrastructure! The results of ten years of NGInfra speak for themselves: 90 dissertations, 176 projects, the involvement of 37 knowledge institutions from 14 different countries. New knowledge has been acquired, about data and port development for example, about the link between space and infrastructure, about smart maintenance methods. There have been extensive experiments using gaming and practical situations. We are now waiting for our first Nobel Prize winner… But to what extent can science help us in the social mission to make our infrastructure futureproof? And to organise its management and maintenance, which are set to become increasingly important in the next few years? This requires the right mindset: looking, thinking and acting differently. I recognise this attitude in the ambitions of the NGInfra programme - stronger links between various infrastructure sectors, more shared thinking about using our infrastructure more smartly, and deepening the role of all infrastructure operators, from purely technical operators to network managers. I am pleased to say that synergy has been created between the various networks. I also very much welcome the fact that science is being increasingly involved in practical situations, by network operators who are jointly drawing up new research questions. Because if there is one key term that comes to mind when I look at the challenges in the next few years, it is ‘smarter’. We will have to use space more smartly, make smarter use of each other’s knowledge, and use technology more smartly in order to make our infrastructure future-proof. Melanie Schultz van Haegen is the Dutch Minister of Infrastructure and the Environment

Governance of infrastructures: Where do the boundaries lie?

o boundaries cut across infrastructures or can infrastructures break boundaries? The question of who sits at the helm of a transnational infrastructure is not easy to answer, especially in Europe, says Frank Schipper (Eindhoven University of Technology).

central authority governing the European power grid. However, infrastructures are burdened by long traditions. Our infrastructures have been shaped by past considerations, mutual dependencies and earlier solutions.

Proje In November 2006, a communication breakdown between network operators in Germany led to a power cut that affected large parts of Western Europe. Politicians immediately called for a

Introducing changes to networks and their governance is difficult and has an impact that lasts for decades. Todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s policy-makers who make decisions on infrastructure cannot ignore this fact.

Exploring the International Dimensions ofÂ Infrastructures: A Historical Perspective NGInfra 01.18

Towards a smarter electricity supply

armers putting a wind turbine on their land; citizens installing solar panels on their roofs - electricity is being generated in an increasing number of ways. Network operators are facing the challenge of maintaining the power grid balance.

management, a smart grid also offers new services, such as advanced monitoring. The designers of a smart grid need to take account of a large number of different stakeholders, each of which interact with the network in their own way. Stringent requirements will also be imposed on stability and integrity.

ecten The solution may well lie in decentralised management, for which a smart grid is needed: an electricity network connected to IT infrastructure. Apart from better source

A multi-agent approach enabled Geert Deconinck (KU Leuven) to model the structure and the behaviour of its various components.

Multi-agent monitoring and control inÂ combined ICT-power infrastructures NGInfra 05.09

NGInfra in three keywords Comprehend, Connect, Solve

Margot Weijnen, Paulien Herder and Ernst ten Heuvelhof together form the scientific board of NGInfra

“NGInfra looks at infrastructures through a new lens,” says Margot Weijnen. “Liberalisation, deregulation, splitting and privatisation have created a completely new playing field in the various infrastructure sectors. So how do you make sure that users get the total package they expect? By treating infrastructures as socio-technical systems and as complex adaptive systems, you will learn to understand how infrastructures function and how they affect each other. Complex systems are about variation and selection. Rather than think in terms of design we should focus on the evolution of infrastructures.”

For Paulien Herder, NGInfra is about linking parties together. “There is a strong tendency, in science as well, not to stray from your own field. In the case of NGInfra, cross-sectoral learning was at the heart of what we did. It turned out that other sectors are facing similar issues, which made us decide to focus on systemisation and exchange. This led, among other things, to the establishment of an asset management platform. In addition, we brought science and practice together. The industry would join us at the table with every research project. In the early years, this proved to be no easy matter. We also made sure the various scientific disciplines worked together. This led to the creation of an international network, with lines reaching as far as Australia, India, China, America, and the UK.”

“At NGInfra, we built up a strong link with industry,” says Ernst ten Heuvelhof. “Pure scientific research is actually unfamiliar territory for NGInfra. PhD students have always gravitated towards infrastructure companies. This practical aspect is more or less our hallmark, but without compromising on academic principles. We are dealing mostly with more complex issues, which leads to knowledge that in turn contributes towards cross-sectoral learning. Based on a more abstract approach, we are building bridges between the various infrastructure sectors.”

Scientific impact How do you make complexity manageable? Complex systems Network-related infrastructures like railways, waterways, cables and pipelines are made up of large numbers of components of varying ages. This makes them naturally unpredictable and precludes any degree of overview. The physical networks are the playing field for a wide range of actors. Manufacturers, network operators, policy-makers and users make choices which, at various levels in space and time, have an impact on the infrastructural networks. There are layers and there is fragmentation, both in the physical system and among the parties and organisations involved. Moreover, the interaction between both is determined in part by national, supranational, and international institutions.

The heart of NGInfra lies where actors and physical networks meet Nonetheless, infrastructures are expected to function as an integrated system that can be coordinated centrally. And yet they were never designed that way. The complexity is further enhanced by inherent uncertainties regarding the future. Updating, taking risks, coping with setbacks, and incorporating innovations – constant attention is needed.

NGInfra builds bridges When infrastructures are designed, the focus has traditionally been on the technical side, with actors being regarded as part of the context. In the social sciences, however, actors are actually key figures and it is the physical infrastructure that is considered as being of marginal relevance at best. NGInfra has managed to build bridges between the technical and social sciences. NGInfra approaches infrastructures as socio-technical systems consisting of a physical infrastructure, actors who operate and manage it, and institutions that determine the playing field and the

rules of the game. The market, legislation, and the broader institutional context therefore form an integral part of the infrastructure system. This starting point led to a perspective of complex adaptive systems in the NGInfra research - the infrastructure system is subject to a process of ongoing modification to maintain the balance between changing technologies and institutions. The fact that NGInfra carries out innovative interdisciplinary and cross-sectoral research calls for new channels for sharing and publishing research results. With time, the opportunities for publication are increas ing, and with it the interest among publishers in the NGInfra approach. This had led to the launch of the new Springer publication, Infrastructure Complexity. The Next Generation Infrastructures series of dissertations, with a recognisable design, will contribute to the strengthening of NGInfra as a ‘brand’. In total, NGInfra produced 90 dissertations, 78 of which are appearing in this series. Various dissertations are also being published by universities abroad.

NGInfra has succeeded in putting interdisciplinary and cross-sectoral research on the map, in a world where sector-based and mono-disciplinary research is the norm NGInfra functions as a catalyst in the development of a worldwide net work of researchers and professionals. NGInfra researchers fulfil countless functions and roles in scientific platforms, in the Netherlands as well as worldwide. The network builds a new knowledge infrastructure in which research results and empirical knowledge are shared and disseminated. This in turn leads to new ideas and knowledge initiatives.

359

papers in scientific journals

14 718 scientific books

101

chapters in scientific books

conference papers

90 dissertations

Scientific output NGInfra 2004-2014

International Symposium for Next Generation Infrastructure In November 2008, at the initiative of NGInfra and IEEE, an international conference was held in De Doelen in Rotterdam, on the future of infrastructures - ‘Building Networks for a Brighter Future’. There was much enthusiasm among the participants. The delegation from India announced its desire to follow up this first conference with another in their country. This led to the Second International Conference on Infrastructure Systems and Services in Chennai, in December 2009. Annual conferences followed in Shenzhen, China (2010), and Norfolk, Virginia (US, 2011). Under the new name, International Symposium for Next Generation Infrastructure, conferences were organised in Wollongong, Australia (2013), and Vienna, Austria (2014).

Common Platform Dilemmas Collective Action and the Internet of Things

While common service platforms are suggested to solve technical issues, several collaboration issues need to be dealt with. From an organisational perspective, establishing 63 common service platforms requires resources and expertise across disparate sectors of consumer electronics, IT, telecommunications, energy, healthcare and construction. Since organisations from distinct sectors have different ways of doing business, different roles, expectations and motives arise, as well as several potential sources of conflicts. This PhD research provides insight into why and how collective action for establishing common service platforms arises among organisations in the Smart Living domain. Building on theories of collective action, platforms and business ecosystems, eight propositions are developed on the impact of platform and ecosystem characteristics on the decision of organisations for collective action. The propositions are tested in three qualitative case studies in the domains of e-healthcare and home energy management. Finally, the importance of factors in the propositions is prioritized by a quantitative survey among practitioners in the domains of e-healthcare and home energy management.

This dissertation explores the impacts of possible changes in electricity generation and demand patterns on the need for cross-border transmission investment in Europe. The analysis is performed with EUPowerDispatch, a minimum-cost unit commitment dispatch model of the European electricity system which was developed by the author and which constitutes one of the main products of his research.

The research presented in this book was funded by the European Commission’s Joint Research Centre – Institute for Energy and Transport.

The Next Generation Infrastructures Foundation

Carlo Brancucci Martínez-Anido by today’s and tomorrow’s infrastructure systems. The consortium cuts across

represents an international consortium of knowledge institutions, market players and governmental bodies, which joined forces to cope with the challenges faced

Electricity Without Borders

by today’s and tomorrow’s infrastructure systems. The consortium cuts across

infrastructure sectors, across discplinary borders and across national borders,

as infrastructure do. With the strong participation The systems need forthemselves cross-border transmission investmentofin

as infrastructure systems themselves do. With the strong participation of

practitionersEurope in a concerted knowledge effort with social and engineering scientists,

practitioners in a concerted knowledge effort with social and engineering scientists, the Foundation seeks to ensure the conditions for utilization of the research results

the Foundation seeks to ensure the conditions for utilization of the research results

by infrastructure policy makers, regulators and the infrastructure industries.

www.nginfra.nl

www.nginfra.nl 

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What are the principles that make societal problems socio-technically complex? And, even more important, how can we support public policymaking in the wake of socio-technical complexity? In The Princess in the Castle, the author investigates if, why and how serious games and game-like simulations (SGs) can support integrated policy making and planning, especially in relation to managing rivers and oceans. She argues that ‘playful methods’ are particularly suited to surround sophisticated analysis with extensive participation. The book contains many examples and illustrations but centres on: the Climate Game, used in a neighbourhood reconstruction project incorporating climate adaptation measures; The Blokkendoos Planning Kit, used in the Netherlands’ planning project Room for the River for integrated flood management; the MSP Challenge, used to further the development of integrated, eco-system based marine spatial planning. The book provides a de- and re-construction of the ‘principles of play’ that underlying integrated policy analysis. The perceived usefulness of game-like tools in the Dutch and Chinese policy contexts is empirically studied. The author concludes that serious games for policy-making and planning are powerful methods with largely untapped potential. Yet, without room to play they can be easily turn into ineffective and expensive toys. Qiqi Zhou is a researcher at Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands. She is involved in several research projects with Dutch and Chinese universities.

There is a great deal of interest among publishers in starting a new scientific journal based on the spirit of NGInfra. In 2014, we launched Infrastructure Complexity as a new open access journal at Springer.

practitioners in a concerted knowledge effort with social and engineering scientists, the Foundation seeks to ensure the conditions for utilization of the research results by infrastructure policy makers, regulators and the infrastructure industries.

www.nginfra.nl

of the thesis:

Electricity Without Borders The need for crossborder transmission investment in Europe On Wednesday September 25, 2013 at 12:30 in the Senaatszaal of the Aula of Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 5, Delft

Prior to the defence there is at 12:00 a short explanation of the thesis Directly afterwards there will be a reception

The Princess in the Castle Challenging Serious Game Play for Integrated Policy Analysis and Planning

  

The Princess in the Castle Challenging Serious Game Play for Integrated Policy Analysis and Planning

Paranimfs: Remco Verzijlbergh and Kwabena Pambour

Qiqi Zhou

Our ‘own’ scientific journal

Electricity Without Borders The need for cross-border transmission investment in Europe

It is concluded that the cross-border transmission investment plans that are foreseen by ENTSO-E by 2025 are adequate given the expected evolution of the European power system. However, in order to reach the challenging European power system decarbonisation goal, significantly more cross-border transmission investment is needed, in addition to much stronger decarbonisation policies.

Invitation To attend the public defense

Common Platform Dilemmas Collective Action and the Internet of Things

Carlo Brancucci Martínez-Anido

Electricity Without Borders The need for cross-border transmission investment in Europe An increase in cross-border electricity flows is foreseen in Europe in the coming decades due to large-scale penetration of renewable energy, the electrical integration of the EuroMediterranean region, the electrification of transport, and possible shifts in electricity generation dispatch caused by the evolution of CO2 prices.

Fatemeh Nikayin

The term “Internet of Things” (IoT) is used to conceptualize networks of interconnected sensors, devices and appliances on the internet, which are enabling a wide range of application areas, including Smart Living (i.e., a wide range of ICT-enabled services such as e-healthcare and home energy management). Despite the considerable potential of IoT applications, technical issues such as interoperability of devices, as well as the rise of proprietary service platforms for services offered are the main bottlenecks in enabling progress of IoT.

Carlo Brancucci Martínez-Anido

Common Platfo Collective Action and the

69 Invitation The princess in the Castle Challenging Serious Game Play for Integrated Policy Analysis and Planning

9 789079 787586 You are cordially invited to attend the public defence of my PhD dissertation and the reception afterwards

Qiqi Zhou

The Princess in the Castle Challenging Serious Game Play for Integrated Policy Analysis and Planning

On Monday, 15 September 2014 at 10:00 hours (sharp) in the Aula of Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 5, Delft. Prior to the defence, a short presentation of my research will be given at 9:30.

Qiqi Zhou q.zhou@tudelft.nl

9 789079 787647 For KTH Royal Institute of Technology: DOCTORAL THESIS IN ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING TRITA-EE 2014:031 ISSN 1653-5146

Fatemeh Nikayin

For KTH Royal Institute of Technology: DOCTORAL THESIS IN ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING TRITA-EE 2014:031 ISSN 1653-5146

90 published dissertations illustrate the scientific productivity of our programme

Uit

Uitnodiging

korte toelichting bij het The NexteenGeneration Infrastructures Foundation proefschrift

Marieke L. Fijnvandraat

 represents

an international consortium of knowledge institutions, market players

Na afloop van de verdediging

bent u van harte welkom op and governmental bodies, which joined forces to cope with the challenges faced de receptie in de aula

by today’s and tomorrow’s infrastructure systems. The consortium cuts across Marieke Fijnvandraat infrastructure sectors, across discplinary borders and across national borders,

 Theresiastraat 386    2593 BA Den Haag as infrastructure systems

themselves do. With the strong participation

070-3821191

of practitioners in a concerted knowledge effort with social and engineering marieke@fijnvandraat.com scientists, the De Foundation seeks to ensure the conditions for utilization of the paranimfen: research results by Vermaas infrastructure policy makers, regulators and the infrastructure Karianne industries.

06-28090976 info@kariannevermaas.nl Dille Kamps 06-15123512 dillekamps@hotmail.com

Cadeautip:  t.b.v. www.kansoptoekomst.nl

Almerima Jamakovic´

practitioners in a concerted knowledge effort with social and engineering scientists,

Application to Robustness Analysis

The Next Generation Infrastructures Foundation represents an international consortium of knowledge institutions, market players and governmental bodies, which joined forces to cope with the challenges faced by today’s and tomorrow’s infrastructure systems. The consortium cuts across infrastructure sectors, across discplinary borders and across national borders, as infrastructure systems themselves do. With the strong participation of practitioners in a concerted knowledge effort with social and engineering scientists, the Foundation seeks to ensure the conditions for utilization of the research results by infrastructure policy makers, regulators and the infrastructure industries.

www.nginfra.nl Lynn Andrew Bollinger

Fostering Climate Resilient Electricity Infrastructures

76 postal address P.O. Box 5015 2600 GA Delft The Netherlands T +31 (0)15 - 278 25 64 F +31 (0)15 - 278 25 63 E info@nginfra.nl

www.nginfra.nl

Voorafgaand aan de Verdediging geef ik om 12:00 een korte toelichting op mijn proefschrift.

 Michel dos Santos Soares

Architecture-Driven Integration of Modeling  Languages for the Design   of Software-Intensive Systems

Direct na afloop is er ter plaatste een receptie. Michiel Houwing

Paranimfen: Mónica Altamirano & Bauke Steenhuisen

in het openbaar verdedigen in de aula van het hoofdgebouw van de Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1105 te Amsterdam.

Karen Smits

Cross Culture Work

s signal Traffic

SysML

UML

Middleware

Use Cases

Requirements

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Domain Architecture

traffic

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Senaatszaal van de Aula van deTechnische Universiteit Delft, Mekelweg 5 te Delft.

zal ik mijn proefschrift:

in the Panama Canal Expansion Program

Practices of Collaboration in the Panama Canal Expansion Program

Publis Subsc hribe

as infrastructure systems themselves do. With the strong participation of Software Cases Requirementseffort with social and engineering scientists, practitioners inUse a concerted knowledge Architecture op vrijdag 5 maart 2010 for utilization of the research results the Foundation seeks to ensure the conditions

Road

Middleware Design by today’s and tomorrow’s infrastructure systems. The consortium cuts across infrastructure sectors, across discplinary borders and across national borders,

Op dinsdag 25 juni om 11.45u

Een exploratie van wetstechnische mogelijkheden Cross Culture Work ter bevordering van innovatie in de telecomsector, Practices of Collaboration met behoud van de bescherming van publieke belangen

attend the public defense of my Ph.D thesis entitled

Architecture-Driven Integration of Modeling Languages for the Design of Software-Intensive Systems

Petri

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and governmental bodies, which joined forces to cope with the challenges faced

om 12:30 uur precies in de Utilizing the flexibility of Micro Cogeneration by infrastructure policy makers, regulators and the infrastructure industries.

by infrastructure policy makers, regulators and the infrastructure industries.

www.nginfra.nl

UML SysML The Next Generation Infrastructures Foundation

represents an international consortium of knowledge institutions, market players

Smart Heat and Power

the Foundation seeks to ensure the conditions for utilization of the research results

Characterization of Complex Networks

Domain Architecture

‘Publieksvriendelijk’ versnellen van innovatie in Uitnodiging netwerksectoren

9 789079 You are 787562 cordially invited to

ime

as infrastructure systems themselves do. With the strong participation of

Components

Invitation

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and governmental bodies, which joined forces to cope with the challenges faced by today’s and tomorrow’s infrastructure systems. The consortium cuts across

In the research that led to this thesis a multi-disciplinary approach, combining Traffic Engineering and Software Engineering, was used. Once new solutions are defined from a Traffic Engineering point of view, there is the problem of obtaining operational systems that address all requirements. Knowing what to build is just the first step that must be followed by the how to build. Both are problematic and they depend on each other. This is an important gap noted in practice. This thesis contributes to Software Engineering research and practice by proposing the extension and integration of formal and semi-formal modeling Michiel Houwing languages in a multiple-view software architecture, combined with domain architecture. This approach is used in practice to develop a family of distributed real-time systems in the road traffic domain.

Smart Heat and Power: Utilizing the Flexibility of 37Karen Smits is an organizational anthropologist. With a focus on organizational culture, change and development sheMicro worksCogeneration as a researcher and advisor in the Latin America region.

Real-t

assortativity coefficient

coefficient The Next Generation Infrastructures Foundation

clustering

Road Traffic Management Systems (RTMS) make use of real-time data acquired from

Uitnodiging

Bloc

www.nginfra.nl

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This thesis is the result of Michiel Houwing’s PhD research at the Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management of Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands.

represents an international consortium of knowledge institutions, market players

postal address P.O. Box 5015 T +31 (0)15 - 278 25 64 F E info@nginfra.nl

Real

node coreness

infrastructure sectors, across discplinary borders and across national borders,

Paranimfen: yvo.saanen@tba.nl antoinettehagedoorn@ hotmail.com

bagusdinata@hotmail.com

feasibility of the technology. Intelligent control schemes are designed and model simulathe road network in order to reduce traffic congestion and accidents, and to save energy and algebraic tions assess the economic benefits of local intelligence in households as well as aggregate connectivity intelligence in virtual power plants. The outcomes offer valuable insights into the incentivespreserve the environment. The development and maintenance of RTMS is a difficult, time consuming and complex activity, in which creativity and rigor have to be balanced. for investment in micro-CHP units and in the intelligence to control them.

rich-club

Nienke Saanen n.saanen@tudelft.nl

Pagina 1

06 349 18921

Michiel Houwing node node betweeness Smart Heat and Power neighbor Utilizing the Flexibility of Micro Cogeneration degree

This study explores the potential cost savings with intelligent control of micro-CHP. Such assortativity control effectively utilizes micro-CHP’s inherent flexibility, thereby increasing the economic coefficient

rich-club coefficient

Na afloop is er ter plaatse een receptie. U bent van harte welkom!

09:04

Michel dos Santos Soares Architecture-Driven Integration of Modeling node Specific potential for applying DG at the domestic level lies in using heat and electricity eccentricity node ). The main problem with micro- Languages for the Design of Software-Intensive from micro combined heat and power systems (micro-CHP CHP is the high up-front investment costs in comparison with conventional gas-fired boilers. neighbor Systems degree

node degree

Voorafgaand aan de verdediging geef ik om 9.30 uur een korte toelichting op mijn link density proefschrift.

www.nginfra.nl

Lesley C.P. Broos

Software Architecture

Transit-Oriented Development in China How can it be planned in complex urban systems? Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) is adopted by many large cities in China to combat against the problematic level of motorization, and it is regarded as an effective urban transport policy and a new city planning method to put Chinese cities that are undergoing rapid urbanization onto a more sustainable and greener developmental pathway. However, cities are complex systems, in which enacting one policy (with a specific interest or value) above everything is very likely to fail. It thus requires decision-makers to have a greater insight into the dynamic, self-organizing and emergent system behaviors to gain improved feasibility of directing urban development; in addition, the decision-makers should look at the policy from the systems level, and find out the right entry points to exert interventions that may be nudging but far-reaching.

city parameters. The analysis of the empirical scores distinguishes the parameters into two dimensions: ordering-enslaved versus fast-slow, according to which a typology of parameters is resulted. The study finds out that the ordering-fast parameters are the right ones to pick out Venue: Senaatszaal of the Aula of for deliberate design in self-organizing cities. And with these selected parameters the study proposes a branching method to arouse changes in their scores. Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 5, Delft

The Next Generation Infrastructures Foundation

Time: 12:30 (sharp)

represents an international consortium of knowledge institutions, market players and governmental bodies, which joined forces to cope with the challenges faced by today’s and tomorrow’s infrastructure systems. The consortium cuts across infrastructure sectors, across discplinary borders and across national borders,

infrastructure systems themselves do. With the strong participation of Prior to the defense I will give aas short practitioners in a concerted knowledge effort with social and engineering scientists, the PhD Foundation seeks to ensure the conditions for utilization of the research results introductory presentation of my by infrastructure policy makers, regulators and the infrastructure industries. research at 12:00. www.nginfra.nl

You are also invited to the reception after the defense at the same location. Michel dos Santos Soares e-mail: m.dossantossoares@tudelft.nl

Aansluitend vindt er een receptie plaats. U bent van harte uitgenodigd hierbij aanwezig te zijn. Karen Smits ksmits@hotmail.com +316 81801033 Invitation +507 65984132 Transit-Oriented Paranimfen: Development in China How can it be planned in Lot van Brakel complex urban systems? lotvanbrakel@gmail.com

In this study, a conceptual model of cities, with 36 city parameters, is developed to uncover the complexity of urban systems. Three perspectives of decision-making are formulated to explore the city parameters. The practice of decision-making about urban transport is studied

in the city of Dalian that is one of the prosperous eastern coastal cities in China and that Date: Wednesday, March 10th officially 2010. embraced the TOD concept. The case study leads to empirical scores of the 36

Transit-Oriented Development in China

The roll-out of broadband access networks by private operators

Voorafgaand aan de verdediging geef ik om 9:30

www.nginfra.nl

node distance

11-02-2010

In the execution of a mega project, collaboration is inevitable. Requiring a combination of infrastructure industries. by infrastructure policy makers, regulators and the Layla AlAbdulkarim skills, knowledge and resources, projects often attract numerous participants each carrying l.o.alabdulkarim@tudelft.nl their own cultural background. Consequently, a great variety of cultural differences and similarities, as well as distinctive practices and differing values and interests for participation, emerge when firms and people come together in a project organization. Cross Culture Work offers profound insight into the ‘people’ side of project management. In light of the 2600 GA Delft The Netherlands Panama Canal Expansion Program Karen Smits describes how project participants deal +31 (0)15 - 278 25 63 with the cultural complexity in their everyday life. She illustrates the lived experiences of project participants and portrays thebijwonen practices Voor het van of de collaboration that emerge in the project organization. These vivid accounts and observations openbare verdediging van emphasize the importance of a cultural perspective in the management het of projects and proefschrift vanstress the need for explicit attention to crosscultural collaboration.

Produ

by infrastructure policy makers, regulators and the infrastructure industries.

Shedding light on the black hole

Staatssteun en publieke belangen in de vervoersector

AFGEWERKT FORMAAT 170X240MM

the Foundation seeks to ensure the conditions for utilization of the research results

Wegen door Brussel

industries.

op woe om 16 Prof. va op de Hallen

How can it be planned in complex urban systems?

research results by infrastructure policy makers, regulators and the infrastructure

as infrastructure systems themselves do. With the strong participation of practitioners in a concerted knowledge effort with social and engineering scientists,

Nienke Saanen

Op vrijdag 16 januari 2009 om 10:00 precies in de Senaatszaal van de Technische Universiteit Delft, Mekelweg 5 te Delft.

node coreness18 maart om op maandag 10.00 uur precies in de Senaatszaal van de Aula van de Technische Universiteit Delft, Mekelweg 5 te Delft.

Datu Buyung Agusdinata

Distributed generation (DG) contributes to a more sustainable electricity supply. Largescale adoption of DG will bring radical changes to the traditional model of generation and supply as well as to the business model of the power industry. Furthermore, with innovations in information and communication technology (e.g. smart metering), energy and information infrastructures become more and more entwined and smart grids are enabled.

algebraic connectivity

Staatssteun en node publieke belangeneccentricity in de vervoersector

Cross Culture Work as infrastructure systems themselves do. With the strong participation 60 of as infrastructure systemsDirect themselves do. the strong participation Applications to na afloop is er terWith plaatsewith of practitioners in a concerted knowledge effort with social and engineering Practices of Collaboration the Panama Canal een receptie practitioners in in a concerted knowledge effort with social and engineering scientists, scientists, the Foundation seeks to ensure the conditions for utilization of the Power Networks Expansion Program research results by infrastructure policy makers, regulators and theFoundation infrastructure the seeks to ensure the conditions for utilization of the research results

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Proefschrift

infrastructure sectors, across discplinary borders and across national borders,

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node distance

Multi-Agent Model Predictive Control

korte toelichting op dit by today’s and tomorrow’seen infrastructure systems. The consortium cuts across

by today’s and tomorrow’s infrastructure systems. The consortium cuts across

Prod uc

Paranimfen: Liset Terpstra L.Terpstra@students.uu.nl

Negenborn

and governmental bodies, which joined to cope with the challenges faced Is er om 12:00 forces uur

and governmental bodies, which joined forces to cope with the challenges faced

Prior to the defense, there will be a short presentation of my PhD research, which will be  given at 09.30 hours.

19 link betweenness

Voorafgaand aan de verdediging Rudy

The Next Generation Infrastructures Foundation

represents an international consortium of knowledge institutions, market players

‘Publi ver in netw

Rui Mu

as infrastructure systems themselves do. With the strong participation of practitioners in a concerted knowledge effort with social and engineering scientists, the Foundation seeks to ensure the conditions for utilization of the

by today’s and tomorrow’s infrastructure systems. The consortium cuts across infrastructure sectors, across discplinary borders and across national borders,

A promising method to deal with deep uncertainty

on Monday, 28 April 2008 at 10.00 hours (sharp) in the Senaatzaal of the Aula of Delft University of Technology,

Mekelweg 5, Delft

Cross Culture Work Practices of Collaboration in the Panama Canal Expansion Program

by today’s and tomorrow’s infrastructure systems. The consortium cuts across infrastructure sectors, across discplinary borders and across national borders,

represents an international consortium of knowledge institutions, market players and governmental bodies, which joined forces to cope with the challenges faced

Exploratory modeling and analysis

Om 12:30 uur precies in de Senaatszaal van de Aula van de Technische Universiteit Delft, Mekelweg 5 te Delft

The Next Generation Infrastructures Foundation represents an international consortium of knowledge institutions, market players

Suis fortiter conubium santet ma Saburre conubium santet optimus tremulus ossifragiruresioc

represents an international consortium of knowledge institutions, market players and governmental bodies, which joined forces to cope with the challenges faced

The Next Generation Infrastructures Foundation

Datu Buyung Agusdinata

www.nginfra.nl

the proposed techniques.

Elicitation of Social Requirements for Intelligent Infrastructures

reception afterwards

Michel dos Santos Soares

The Next Generation Infrastructures Foundation

Shedding light on the black hole The roll-out of broadband access networks by private operators

Cherrelle Eid cherrelleeid@gmail.com

Uitnodiging

by infrastructure policy makers, regulators and the infrastructure industries.

Acceptance-by-Design

Invitation

You are cordially invited to attend the public defense of my PhD dissertation and the

Smart Heat and Power Utilizing the Flexibility of Micro Cogeneration

Wally Keijzer W.J.W.Keijzer-Broers@tudelft.nl

The objective of this research was to provide a unifying theory combining technical, economic, market-related and regulatory factors with regard to an evolutionary, flexible approach of network upgrading viewed from the perspective of decision-makers in the telecommunication industry. The result of this research is a robust, explanatory, parsimonious model for the impact and outcomes of broadband roll-out. This model can serve as a starting point for further research projects and provides a certain degree of stability in this multidisciplinary, unpredictable and highly dynamic research field.

www.nginfra.nl

Uitnodiging

Characterization of Complex Networks - Application to Robustness Analysis

Marieke L. Fijnvandraat

Paranymphs:

Wegen door Brussel Staatssteun en publieke belangen in de vervoersector

Several market studies have indicated that the roll-out of broadband has significant economic and social relevance. The investments in broadband infrastructures needed to realise these economic and social benefits are, however, high-risk. This is firstly caused by the fact that the roll-out of access networks is extremely costly and requires high initial investments. Moreover, the multidisciplinary environment and involvement of many actors with diverging objectives and interests cause high complexity. On top of that, the market for broadband is changing fast and continuously. Although broadband has been on the academic research agenda for quite some time, this has as yet not resulted in a structured insight into the decision-making process around the upgrading of broadband networks, seen from the perspective of private operators and taking into account the vast complexity of the surroundings in which this decision-making process takes place in.

practitioners in a concerted knowledge effort with social and engineering scientists, the Foundation seeks to ensure the conditions for utilization of the research results

Michiel Houwing

After the defense,

Marieke L. Fijnvandraat

21  the black hole Shedding light on there will be a reception    The roll-out of broadband access networks by private operators

contributions to the field of complex networks. Firstly, the thesis analyses the relationships among a variety Paranymphs: of graph measures and Chang Yutopological and Inge Claeys relevant properties Uit het onderzoek komt naar voren dat het staatssteunrecht veel mogelijkheden biedt omproposes a definite set, capable of expressing the most publieke belangen met overheidsbijdragen te borgen. Indien de overheidsbijdragen al aan Voor het bijwonen van de of complex networks. Secondly, the thesis relies on spectral measures to initiate a een goedkeuring van de Europese Commissie onderhevig zijn, dan wordt deze goedkeuring in openbare verdediging van verreweg de meeste gevallen gegeven. Het beeld van de Europese Commissie als dwarsliggerclassification of the qualitative topological properties that characterize specific classes het proefschrift van kan dan ook worden bijgesteld. of complex networks. Thirdly, the thesis illustrates the use of spectral measures in a quantitative characterization of topology-related aspects of the network robustness. Marieke L. Fijnvandraat Finally, this thesis demonstrates the use of spectral measures in a quantitative characterization of the extent to which the robustness to different types of failures manifests itself in the underlying complex networks structure.

infrastructure sectors, across discplinary borders and across national borders, as infrastructure systems themselves do. With the strong participation of

Traffi

Directly afterwards there will be a

aspects of the robustness of complex 2624 CV networks. Delft

06-43025123

by today’s and tomorrow’s infrastructure systems. The consortium cuts across

Jaap van den Top, Delft jvdtop@gmail.com

At 9:30, there is a short Introductory presentation

postal address P.O. Box 5015 2600 GA Delft The Netherlands T +31 (0)15 - 278 25 64 F +31 (0)15 - 278 25 63 E info@nginfra.nl

link betweenness

postal address P.O. Box 5015 2600 GA Delft The Netherlands The defense will take place T +31 (0)15 - 278 25 64 F20 +31 (0)15 - 278 25 63 Wegen door Brussel 57 Jamakovic reception Almerima ´ nodeVincent Weeda E info@nginfra.nl on Tuesday April 8, v.a.weeda@gmail.com Staatssteun en publieke belangen in de vervoersector Graag nodig ik u uit voor de betweeness www.nginfra.nl Characterization of Complex Networks 2014 at 10:00 isbn: 978-90-71382-26-0 openbare verdediging van mijn Lidstaten van de Europese Unie mogen hun ondernemingen niet zomaar staatssteun geven. in the Senaatszaal of the Aula Staatssteun kan de concurrentiepositie van deze ondernemingen versterken en daardoorApplication to Robustness Analysis proefschrift de vrije en eerlijke concurrentie in de EU verstoren. Maar soms is staatssteun wenselijk, Ghorbani of Delft University of Technology bijvoorbeeld om publieke belangen te borgen. Wil een lidstaat dergelijke steun verlenen, dan This thesis focuses on the topological characterization ofAmineh complex networks. heeft hij daarvoor toestemming van de Europese Commissie nodig. Wegen door Brussel Arthur Van Schendelplein 122 Mekelweg 5, Delft It specifically focuses on those elementary graph measures that are of interest

Dit proefschrift adresseert de vraag in welke gevallen staatssteun voor de borging vanwhen quantifying topology-related grijs vlak vervangen door visual van promovendus publieke belangen in de vervoersector is toegestaan. Onderzocht wordt welke publieke belangen in de vervoersector een rol spelen, wanneer overheidsbijdragen voor de borging van deze publieke belangen geen staatssteun opleveren en hoe de Commissie steunmaatregelen This thesis makes the following gericht op de borging van publieke belangen beoordeelt.

3533 XJ Utrecht

represents an international consortium of knowledge institutions, market players and governmental bodies, which joined forces to cope with the challenges faced

grijs vlak vervangen door visual van promovendus

Prior to the defence there is at industries. 9:30 am a short explanation of the thesis

www.nginfra.nl

Hanneke de Jong Mendelssohnstraat 84

h.m.dejong@tudelft.nl The Next Generation Infrastructures Foundation

Verifi

tekst ca. 1200 karakters35 + spaties

by infrastructure policy makers, regulators and the infrastructure industries.

Modelling Agent Systems Using Institutional Analysis

by today’s and tomorrow’s infrastructure systems. The consortium cuts across Voorafgaand aan de infrastructure sectors, across discplinary borders and across national borders, zal ik promotieplechtigheid om 12:00 uur een korte toelichting as infrastructure systems themselves do. With the strong participation geven op het proefschrift. practitioners in a concerted knowledge effort with social and engineering Analysing howof designers and operators U bent tevens van harte welkom organise safescientists, rail traffic the Foundation seeks to ensure the conditions for op utilization ofna the de receptie afloop van deinfrastructure verdediging. research results by infrastructure policy makers, regulators and the

proefschrift.

Karen Smits

the Foundation seeks to ensure the conditions for utilization of the research results

Mekelweg 5 te Delft. represents an international consortium of knowledge institutions, market players

Modelling Risk Control Measures in Railways

toelichting bij het

de open

‘Publieksvriendelijk’ versnellen van innovatie in netwerksectoren Een exploratie van wetstechnische mogelijkheden ter bevordering van innovatie in de telecomsector, met behoud van de bescherming van publieke belangen

infrastructure sectors, across discplinary borders and across national borders, as infrastructure systems themselves do. With the strong participation of practitioners in a concerted knowledge effort with social and engineering scientists,

in de Senaatszaal van de Aula van de Technische Universiteit Delft, The Next Generation Infrastructures Foundation

Jaap van denand Topgovernmental bodies, which joined forces to cope with the challenges faced

12:00 uur een korte

Multi-Agent Model Predictive Control with Applications to Power Networks

op maandag 19 april 2010 om 13:30 uur precies

Voorafgaand aan de verdediging geef ik om

Innovatie op infrastructuurmarkten is al vele jaren een politiek speerpunt. Voor grijs vlak vervangen door visual van promovendus telecommarkten beoogt het telecommunicatierecht zowel innovatie als andere publieke Acceptance-by-Design belangen te behartigen. Dit onderzoek exploreert of de wetstechnische mogelijkheden om Elicitation of Social innovatiesnelheid in deze sector te bevorderen – binnen de grenzen die de bescherming van Requirements for andere publieke belangen daaraan stelt – ook daadwerkelijk door de wetgever worden benut Intelligent en zo niet, welke aanpassingen van wettelijke arrangementen dan zinvol lijken. Rudy Negenborn 13 Infrastructures Multi-Agent Model Predictive Control Het onderzoek bouwt voort op bestaande innovatieliteratuur, op innovation timing theory with Applications to Power Networks en het concept van netwerkeffecten en construeert een conceptueel model in de vorm van een netwerkmarkt’ waarmee op basis van preferentieregels de waarschijnlijkheid Transportation networks, such as power networks, road traffic ‘ongereguleerde networks, water distribution networks, railway networks, etc., are the corner stones of our modern society. van verschillende innovatiescenario’s onder uiteenlopende reguleringsconcepten kan worden As transportation networks have to operate closer and closer to their capacity limits and as the dynamics of these networks become more and more complex, control of these voorspeld. De auteur legt duidelijke verbanden tussen innovatiesnelheid beïnvloedende networks has to be advanced to a higher level using state-of-the-art control techniques. factoren en arrangementen uit regelstelsels en laat de potentie zien van wetstechnische Such control techniques should be able to deal with the large size and distributed nature mogelijkheden om telecominnovaties te stimuleren zonder dat dat ten koste gaat van (andere) of the control problems encountered, and should in addition be able to anticipate undesired publieke belangen. behavior at an early stage. Lesley C.P. Broos studeerde rechten en bedrijfskunde aan de Erasmus Universiteit In this PhD thesis several novel control techniques for the control of transportation networks are proposed. Each of the techniques proposed is basedRotterdam, on a combination specialiseerde of in ICT-recht en is als onderzoeker op het gebied van Business Law from the fields of multi-agent systems and model predictive control. Control problems LaylaideasAlAbdulkarim & Technology Universiteit Twente. Op maandag 11 november 2013 from the domain of power networks are used to illustrate and assess the performance ofverbonden aan Rudy Negenborn

The Next Generation Infrastructures Foundation

Structuring Sociotechnical Complexity

openbare verdediging bij te Datu Buyung Agusdinata holds degrees in Aerospace Engineering from Delft wonen van mijnUniversity proefschriftof Technology and Bandung Institute of Technology. This book is the result of Ph.D. research conducted at the Faculty of Technology, Policy and ManagementModelling of the DelftRisk University of Control Technology. Meassures in Railways

Acceptance-by-Design Elicitation of Social Requirements for Intelligent Infrastructures

Amineh Ghorbani

Exploratory modeling and analysis

Fatemeh Nikayin

tekst ca. 1200 karakters + spaties

industries.

An extended survey of railway practitioners and literature has been performed to see how the railways are controlled in practice and how this was initially intended. A main conclusion is that improvements to the railwayís real time controllability are necessary to solve conflicts between train movements in an anticipatory way. Also several instances were found in which design changes and informally developed practices led to surprising results in practice. Information about actual operations must be shared to avoid operational surprises.

original contributions the book provides on the conceptual framework, structured step-wise applications, and innovative analytical support to multi-criteria and multi-actor decision problems. Graag nodig ik u uit om de

Almerima Jamakovic



In order to understand how all objectives can be achieved simultaneously, without the disadvantages of a more intense network utilisation, a model is required that takes both the objectives and the risks of a process into account. Such a model, the so-called safe envelope of operations, has been developed in this thesis. By taking a functional view, it allows to combine human, technical and organisational factors; three elements that each play a role in railway design and operation.

Internet of Things

Safe, high-quality and more frequent rail services are desired by both society and passengers. Since large scale infrastructure extensions to accommodate higher train frequencies are hardly practicable, a more intense network utilisation is considered the way to achieve these aims. As a result, trains will get in each otherís way more frequently, which can lead to an increase in delays and incidentally to safety hazards if a train fails to stop.

On 35 Friday June 14, 2013 at 10:00 deep uncertainty: exploratory modeling and analysis (EMA). EMA explores the performance of alternative policies across multiple hypotheses about the system of interest. The method in the Senaatszaal of the Aula ofcombines the capability of computers to carry out large numbers of model runs and the capability of humans to recognize patterns that are useful for policy design. EMA applications Delft University of Technology,include three cases in energy infrastructure investment, transport safety, and CO2 reduction. Decisionmakers, analysts, consultants, researchers, and students can benefit from the Mekelweg 5, Delft

Nienke Saanen

orm Dilemmas

Analysing how designers and operators organise safe rail traffic

Collective Action and the Internet of Things

uncertainty.decision-making ignore uncertainty. Of particular concern are policy problems involving deep Uitnodiging This book showcases a promising quantitative and computational method for dealing with

Jaap van den Top Modelling Risk Control Measures in Railways

Common Platform Dilemmas

Datu Buyung Agusdinata

on of the research results

tructure industries.

the Foundation seeks to ensure the conditions for utilization of the research results by infrastructure policy makers, regulators and the infrastructure industries.

Modelling Risk Control Measures in Railways Analysing how designers and operators organise safe rail traffic

participation of

and engineering scientists,

practitioners in a concerted knowledge effort with social and engineering scientists,

www.nginfra.nl

Jaap van den Top

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tekst ca. 1200 karakters + spaties

nets

and governmental bodies, which joined forces to cope with the challenges faced by today’s and tomorrow’s infrastructure systems. The consortium cuts across

infrastructure sectors, across discplinary borders and across national borders,

You are cordially invited to attend the public defense of the PhD dissertation:

Hanneke de Jong

Towards a single Modelling Agent SystemsDatu Buyung Agusdinata European19electricity modeling and analysis Using Institutional Exploratory A promising method to deal with deep uncertainty market Analysis Increasingly faced with high stake policy problems, decisionmakers cannot affordAtostructured approach to regulatory mode

Pagina 1

van het proefschrift:

The Next Generation Infrastructures Foundation 12:46

Layla AlAbdulkarim received her B.Sc. in Computer Applications (2001) and her M.Sc. in Computer Sciences (2005) from the College of Computer and Information Sciences at King Saud University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Given her ambition to embark on a new field of study, in 2008 she joined the Energy and Industry Section at the Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management at Delft University of Technology in The Netherlands where she conducted her PhD research. In her dissertation, Layla investigated the (lack of) social acceptance of intelligent infrastructure systems including the smart metering system in the energy sector and the OVDe verdediging zal Chipkaart system in the transportation sector. She investigated factors that either motivate plaatsvinden or discourage members of society to adopt intelligent infrastructures that are heavily reliant op donderdag 7 mei 2009 on ICT. In addition, Layla explored possible enhancements to the development lifecycle ofExploratory modeling om 12:30 uur precies in and analysis intelligent infrastructure systemsdetoSenaatszaal ensure van a consumer-centric design intended to increase de A promising method to deal the chance of social acceptance. Layla has published Technische Universiteit Delft, a number of articles based on the results with deep uncertainty of her PhD dissertation research. Mekelweg 5 te Delft.

Petri

Structuring Sociotechnical Complexity 23-02-2010

Towards a single European electricity market A structured approach to regulatory mode decision-making

Hanneke de Jong studied Systems Engineering, Policy Analysis and Management at Delft University of Technology and obtained her Master’s degree (cum laude) in 2003. From 2003 to 2008 she worked for the Dutch Office of Energy Regulation. In April 2009 she joined the energy company Essent.

Invitation Structuring Socio-technical Complexity Modelling Agent Systems Using Institutional Analysis

h the challenges faced

nsortium cuts across

Pagina 1

represents an international consortium of knowledge institutions, market players

ligence, software engineering ng framework that integrates l systems. Besides supporting rticipatory model development.

itutions, market players

13:13

Lesley C.P. Broos

This study’s main objective is to present a systematic and comprehensive framework for

analysing and improving regulatory mode decision-making in the context of the European the thesis: Union, focusing on electricity markets. Therefore, this book may offer valuable input to any-

10690 Top omslag NGI.qxd:10690 Top omslag NGI

tion

het proefschrift:

To attend the public defense of

Augusdinata 25-03-2008 one interested 21792 in European policy-makingomslag and/or electricity markets.

‘Publieksvriendelijk’ versnellen van innovatie in netwerksectoren Uitnodiging Een exploratie van wetstechnische mogelijkheden ter bevordering van Voor innovatie in de telecomsector, met het bijwonen van De openbare verdedigingvan publieke belangen behoud van de bescherming

Voor het bijwonen van de openbare verdediging van

In this thesis, a ‘structured approach to regulatory mode decision-making’ (STARMODE) is developed, based on the theory of decision modelling in policy management and three case studies exploring key market integration issues in the field of electricity markets: interconnector investment, congestion management and market transparency.

Amineh Ghorbani

decision making entities and public policy that unravels in a sumer behaviour towards more employed such as taxation on ergy efficient but expensive LED ts into socio-technical systems ation.

Towards a single Acceptance-by-Design European electricity Elicitation of Social Requirements for Intelligent market A structured approach to Infrastructures regulatory mode decision-making

Layla AlAbdulkarim

xity itutional Analysis

Hanneke de Jong

This study focuses on the processes through which the rules and regulations that govern European electricity markets and inherently, their integration process are established. So far, European policy makers have largely followed a ‘trial-and-error’ approach to finding an appropriate regulatory mode for dealing effectively with market integration issues.

AFGEWERKT FORMAAT 170X240MM

A structured approach to regulatory mode decision-making

Hanneke de Jong Towards a single European electricity market

Invitation

Karin Schoones kaschoones@gmail.com

Rui Mu

Transit-Oriented Development in China How can it be planned in complex urban systems?



You are cordially invited to attend the public defense of my PhD dissertation and the reception afterwards on Friday, 15 March 2013 at 10.00 hours (sharp) in the Senaatszaal of the Aula at Delft University of Technology Mekelweg 5, 2628 CC, Delft. Prior to the defense, there will be a short presentation of my PhD research, which will be given at 09.30 hours.

Rui Mu

  



mure219@hotmail.com 0614964562

Voorafga is een op Dir ter p

Le Burg 75 L.B

Ignacio Pérez Arriaga

NGInfra is an international pioneer Scientists enjoy studying at an in-depth level, committing fully to details. And that is as it should be. In the last few years, researchers on the NGInfra programme have performed more than outstandingly. This has yielded an impressive flow of high-quality models, publications and dissertations. However, you sometimes need to stand back in order to appreciate the bigger picture. This also applies to NGInfra. The most important achievements are best seen in an international context. Thanks to NGInfra, a new international scientific network has been created, meeting every year at the International Conference on Infrastructure Systems and Services, known since 2013 as the International Symposium for Next Generation Infrastructure. Remarkably, NGInfra is not the only organiser: the 2014 edition was organised in cooperation with the SMART Infrastructure Facility from Wollongong, Australia, University College London, Oxford University, and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA). The creation of the NGInfra programme is partly a result of the Bsik grant that the Dutch government made available in past years. This phase has now ended. However, the inter disciplinary scientific network remains. I regard the fact that a new cross-sectoral network of Dutch infrastructure operators is now emerging as an important breakthrough. There is no other initiative of this kind to be found anywhere in the world. Ignacio Pérez Arriaga is chairman of the NGInfra Scientific Advisory Board

The added value of systems thinking My PhD research on the role of electric transport in smart energy systems was carried out within the framework of the NGInfra programme. Being part of a programme with researchers from different backgrounds, working from different angles and across multiple sectors, was a key factor in my eventual PhD research project. In my view, this aspect sets it apart from similar studies into electric transport in systems thinking. We do not restrict ourselves to the question of how an electric car can minimise its charging costs: we look across the entire chain and ask ourselves: How can the system be designed in such a way that the system benefits most once charging costs for every car have been minimised? This means you have to include the relationship between variable energy rates and network rates into your analysis. This became one of the key points of the dissertation. The capacity to look beyond a single technological niche is something that emerges very strongly from the NGInfra approach, and it is an aspect that puts researchers in this programme to the challenge on a daily basis. Remco Verzijlbergh got a PhD cum laude for his research into electric transport

Remco Verzijlbergh

Protecting power networks from attacks

nfrastructure systems are inherently vulnerable. The risk of natural disasters and accidents can never be eliminated fully. However, infrastructures have also been the target of deliberate attacks. And whereas natural threats have been studied in detail, research into malicious attacks was largely unexplored territory.

(Politecnico di Torino) changed this. Malicious attacks can take the form of physical attacks on system components, or cyber attacks aimed at the information and communication system.

Proje The project ‘Understanding malicious attacks against infrastructures’ by Ettore Bompard

The research looked at the development of a framework that provides insight into the associated risks, with a specific focus on energy networks. This led to a conceptual basis and a set of tools for assessing and controlling threats.

Understanding malicious attacks against infrastructures NGInfra 04.10

IT and the human factor

Telecommunication was traditionally a wellorganised technology. Telephones always worked, unless a cable broke somewhere. Telecom companies relied on planning and prevention. In the fast-changing IT sector, that is no longer enough. Consumers are accessing the web in droves on their mobile phones.

resolution of incidents has become necessary. But the technology has become more compli cated, and organisations do not always know exactly who is responsible for what.

ecten The increased complexity makes the IT sector more vulnerable to accidents. Companies have to adapt their management strategies accordingly. As well as prevention, real-time

In spite of this, real-time incident management is surprisingly effective in practice, says Michel van Eeten (TU Delft). The more complex incidents become, the greater the demand for technical experts. They have to be flexible, able to cope with stress, and be willing to improvise. With this increased complexity, the human factor has also become more important.

Strengthening real-time management capabilities in mobile telecommunications NGInfra 04.06

Dissemination of knowledge Common practice

Students and researchers who have been involved with NGInfra projects form an important link in the transfer of knowledge between science and the practical world. Dozens of PhD students, post-doctoral researchers and hundreds of Master’s students contribute to developing new insights into infrastructural systems. A new generation of researchers and professionals who are used to working with others in interdisci plinary teams is now emerging. They look beyond the boundaries of sectors and countries and work together in practical infrastructure settings as a matter of course. The NGInfra way of thinking is increasingly becoming common practice. THEMA:E UW HET NIEK(EN) NETWER

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Researchers and their results regularly feature in the Dutch and international media. Problems with the Dutch railway network, the public transport chip card, smart grids, a tsunami in Japan and the impact on its nuclear power plants, wind energy, internet security, cross-cultural cooperation in large-scale projects - a wide range of expertise found its way to the media through interviews or news articles.

INFRA magazine, InfraTrends In addition, NGInfra invested much energy in actively disseminating the knowledge acquired among a wide group of people who are involved with the infrastructure in the Netherlands on a daily basis. Long-term contributions to the sector are the annual ‘InfraTrends’ conference (since 2011) and the INFRA trade journal (since 2008). The involvement of players such as Rijkswaterstaat, Alliander, Antea Group, APPM, Cofely, Yacht, and Deltares underlines the position that both platforms now occupy in the field of infrastructure.

nr. 1 | maart 2015 | Los nummer: € 14,95

BREEK LOS!

en enorme zoektocht. Waar investeer nfrabeheerder in en waarin juist niet? reld verandert en netwerken worden ers gebruikt dan waar ze ooit voor egd zijn. Een devies staat echter meer t overeind: solistisch opereren is niet meer van deze tijd.

veel ijnt op ei verdw en duurrd. Gro verande is zeer kritisch jkertijd reld is . Tegeli uwe Onze we maatschappij agenda nie de de ng , op ruitga hoog plekken daeid staat hnologische voo nieuwe mo zaamh rs en r van or tec gebruike n er do re manie isch nieuwe om een ande ontstaa n. Solist heden, n mogelijk trends vrage en van grenze door verder rek Deze een rden wo liteiten. n. Om het doorb leden tijd. All l timaa ed ver werke nsen op Netwerk(en). is voorgo nnen ka e opereren n je eigen ku is Het Nieuw da Dat benut. te kijken

INFRA magazine

In June 2008 the first edition of HubHolland.Magazine is published by the Netherlands Study Centre for Technology Trends (STT), as a result of a study on the future of infrastructural networks in Europe. The journal is subsequently adopted by NGInfra in collaboration with several infrastructure operators. In 2012 it is relaunched as INFRA, published by Elba-Rec. The Dutch infrastructure community have their own trade journal now.

NGInfra PhD graduate employers Where did they work after gaining their PhDs? university in the Netherlands university abroad research institute infrastructure operator/ service provider company other

Next Generation Port Infra powered by Maasvlakte 2

Improving by understanding

Next Generation Infrastructures en het Havenbedrijf Rotterdam werken samen aan de ontwikkeling van een efficiënte en duurzame haven, zoals in de Havenvisie verwoord. Dat doen we door de kennis die is opgebouwd binnen het onderzoeksprogramma te koppelen aan de kennis, expertise en uitdagingen van het Havenbedrijf. Een voorbeeld. Onderzoekers en havenbedrijfmedewerkers puzzelen op de visualisatie, in 3D, van de bestaande infrastructuren in kade muren en in de ondergrond. Deze tool gaat havenmedewerkers helpen om een beter overzicht te krijgen van de complexe afhankelijk heden tussen de infrastructuren om vervolgens betere beslissingen te kunnen nemen. Dat is: Improving by understanding!

Empowering Networks

Next Generation Infrastructures en Alliander werken samen aan het toekomstbestendig maken van het energienetwerk. Om dat te bereiken wil Alliander zich nog sterker ontwikkelen tot een maatschappij gestuurde organisatie, die de omgeving betrekt bij de besluitvorming en innovaties ondersteunt. We combineren daarvoor wetenschappelijke kennis die binnen het onderzoeksprogramma is opgebouwd met de praktijkkennis en expertise van Alliander. Een voorbeeld. Onderzoekers en medewerkers van Alliander werken samen met maatschappelijke organisaties aan een participatiemodel. Dat model gebruiken ze om de onderlinge samenwerking rondom een sociaal en technisch complex besluitvormingsproces te verbeteren. Het dynamische model helpt om inzicht te verwerven in verschillende uitgangspunten en toe te werken naar een optimaal besluit. Dat is: Improving by understanding!

Asset Management Platform

Next Generation Infrastructures werkt samen met de TU Delft aan betere infrastructuren, onder meer door onderzoek naar Strategisch Asset Management. Maar onze ambitie gaat veel verder: assetmanagement binnen Nederland naar een hoger plan te tillen. Al in 2007 is het Asset Management Platform opgericht door assetmanagers van infrastructurele netwerken en wetenschappers van de TU Delft. Het platform brengt toponderzoekers en assetmanagers samen om kennis en kunde uit te wisselen. Beheerders en wetenschappers leren zo niet alleen van elkaar, ze weten elkaar ook beter te vinden en pakken gezamenlijk uitdagingen op. Bijvoorbeeld: het Asset Management Platform organiseerde dit jaar ‘Gluren bij de buren’. Diverse assetmanagement professionals namen een kijkje in de keuken van een collega. Gewoon door een dagje mee te lopen. Iedereen kwam enthousiast thuis, met meer begrip voor het werkveld van de ander en waardevol inzicht in de overeenkomsten en verschillen. Dat is: Improving by understanding!

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InfraTrends conference In 2011 NGInfra launches Infratrends as a book and as an event for knowledge exchange between researchers and practitioners. The Minister of Infra structure and the Environment wrote the preface to the Infratrends book and received the first copy. The event evolves into an annual InfraTrends conference, where researchers and infrastructure practitioners meet.

InfraBase Would you like to know more about any of the NGInfra projects? You can find it all on our internet archive, InfraBase. There is access to every project, publication, researcher or partner.

www.nextgenerationinfrastructures.eu/infrabase

Maarten van der Vlist

Bringing infrastructure operators and science together Infrastructures often form the backbone of a society. They are essential for social and economic activity. It is important that intellectual and scientific minds are developed and mobilised for the development and functioning of infrastructures. In a broad sense, NGInfra has put the consideration of infrastructures on the scientific agenda. The programme has also been a catalyst for bringing the various infrastructure operators together. Thanks in part to NGInfra, contacts between infrastructure operators have increased, adding permanent value. INFRA magazine, the InfraTrends conference and the asset management platform have been developed in recent years. They form a link between the scientific world of NGInfra and the hands-on world of infrastructure operators (and the world of consultancy in relation to infrastructures). There is and always has been relatively little contact between science and infrastructure operators as well as between infrastructure operators. Such contacts are finally being established, and they are bearing fruit. The practical value of NGInfra is to assist the management and supervisors in the organisations that operate infrastructures. There is a wide gap between the scientific world and the employees of infrastructure operators. The issues identified by NGInfra are relevant to those affecting strategic and tactical matters. I feel this is not a bad thing. It is about recognising the value of research and being able to assess its significance for managing infrastructures. Maarten van der Vlist is a member of the editorial board of INFRA magazine

The dilemma of public interest

t is easy in theory: infrastructure companies serve the public interest. But what does it mean in practice? Since the liberalisation of the market, many public watchdogs, ministries, councils and other bodies have kept a close watch on new infrastructure companies.

Aiming to satisfy one public value comes at the expense of another value.

Proje They apply different standards and sometimes make contradictory demands. Should trains leave according to the timetable, or does safety come first – if there are workers walking alongside the tracks, for example? And who will decide? The driver employed by NS, or the ProRail train operations manager?

Critical Public Values NGInfra 02.18

Researcher Bauke Steenhuisen (TU Delft) looks at how infrastructure companies deal with conflicting norms and the often implicit public interests. They turn out to be surprisingly successful. Yet we see a fundamental dilemma emerge between the necessary scope for addressing conflicts relating to operations and accountability towards external regulators. A solution to this lies in making explicit the strategies operated by the companies.

A train every ten minutes

ow to make even better use of one of the busiest rail networks in the world, while keeping it safe and manageable? This is the task facing ProRail. The railway system is so complex that it is often impossible to assess the impact of new measures. You need to be able to try things out first. In close cooperation with ProRail, TU Delft therefore developed a custom-made game environment to simulate real-life situations.

Researcher Jelle van Luipen used a combi nation of high-tech and low-tech. A digital environment and a board game were used, with trains represented by abrasive sponges. All the employees who are normally involved with running the trains were part of the game.

ecten One of the applications is preparing for the introduction of ETMET (a train every ten minutes). Such a high frequency makes it even more important to resolve major problems effectively.

Railway Gaming Suite NGInfra 02.32

In a kind of war room situation, thirty partici pants and observers spent a day testing two solution concepts. It turned out to be a productive way of learning from errors and gaining an insight into promising solutions.

Education and training Involve me and I will understand When TU Delft decided to offer Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) via the EdX platform, NGInfra became one of the first to offer its content in 2014. Providing online teaching is in line with the NGInfra’s strategy of making the results of its research accessible. It means that years of NGInfra research can be unlocked for students all over the world, free of charge. Some 17,000 participants registered for the first course. In eight weeks, they learned how to apply the concept of infrastructures as complex adaptive socio-technical systems to infrastructure problems in their own country. A follow-up course in the autumn attracted more than 5,000 participants. Among other things, their active participation led to 3,000 case studies on infrastructural problems from all over the world. Moreover, the work they submitted was of a high quality, which can be explained from the fact that half the students were professionals employed in the field. The MOOC will be offered again, partly based on the submitted case studies.

Providing online teaching is in line with the NGInfra’s strategy of making the results of its research accessible In addition to the online success of the MOOC, NGInfra is engaged in offline work. NGInfra is laying the basis for the curricula for Systems Engineering, Policy Analysis and Management (SEPAM) and Engineering and Policy Analysis (EPA) at the faculty of Technology, Policy and Manage ment at TU Delft. Additionally, the research contacts in Europe have led to a joint Erasmus Mundus MSc programme in Economics and Management of

Infrastructure Networks, in collaboration with Comillas University in Madrid, the Université Paris XI, the European University Institute in Florence, and Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, USA. In 2009 and 2010, NGInfra organised an interdisciplinary course programme on the latest developments in infrastructure research. The NGInfra Academy proved to be a great success, attracting PhD students, post-doctoral researchers, and young professionals from all over the world. The courses have since been incorporated in the graduate school programme of the TPM faculty at TU Delft, and in post-graduate programmes like the TopTech Master of Business Systems at TU Delft, and the Florence School of Regulation of the European University Institute. In conclusion, the ideas of NGInfra have successfully been adopted by many organisations.

Every year, around twenty students from the University ofÂ Twente visit InfraTrends asÂ part of their curriculum

MOOC

Worldwide in the lecture halls “This course opened my eyes to all the questions related to infrastructure. I now spend my days and nights on how to find the most original and effective solutions to the regularly occurring energy crises in my country and city.” For NGInfra, the dissemination of knowledge has always been important. As well as books, conferences, articles in trade journals and newspapers, there is now a new medium - the Massive Open Online Course, or MOOC. A MOOC offers people all over the world the opportunity to take a course free of charge. The MOOC in Next Generation Infrastructures was one of the first to be offered by TU Delft. The philosophy and international network of NGInfra play an important part in the course. More than 17,000 participants signed up for the first part of the MOOC and attended a number of short lectures every week during the seven-week lecture cycle. There were also films, animations, and assignments. The students taking part provided a great deal of feedback, including comments, questions, additions, and examples from the students’ own regions. Where possible, these were dealt with in more detail in videos. The 450 plus papers submitted illustrated the diversity of the participants and their areas of interest: Toronto roads, Ethiopia telecom, Barcelona harbour, Peru electricity, gas pipe safety issues in China, water in New Zealand. One of the excited reviewers quoted a Chinese saying: The MOOC in Next Generation Infrastructures is offered by TU Delft via EdX

Building up knowledge for the port of the future We first had to get used to each other. The scientific world is a far cry from the business setting of the Port of Rotterdam. But as soon as we seriously got talking, the partnership took shape. And the results were amazing! The alliance between the Port of Rotterdam and NGInfra began in 2010. The idea behind this was simple: the Maasvlakte 2 project is the future of the port, and NGInfra researches next generation infrastructures. Could we not apply this scientific knowledge to the development, construction, and design of Maasvlakte 2? The key question was to find out what it takes for a port to remain successful in the future. Working closely together, we conducted eleven different research projects, on themes such as technology, energy, liveability, and asset management. It produced a treasure trove of new knowledge and new ideas, which will lead to actual innovations on Maasvlakte 2. René van der Plas was director of Maasvlakte 2 at the Port of Rotterdam

René van der Plas

Knowledge valorisation The proof of the pudding is in the eating From day 1, NGInfra research was based on intensive interaction with users. The people who work with infrastructure in practice are the ones who know their sector best. Scientists offer professionals in the field new insights derived from other sectors, where similar issues arise in a different context. Researchers provide the field-based professionals with new terminology or vocabulary, or a new model. They can also help with the analysis of a problem. Researchers are able to enrich their research using the expert knowledge from the field, thanks to their unique access to sources.

Empowering Networks

From the start of the programme in 2004, the value of the combination of theoretical and empirical knowledge was demonstrated repeatedly From the start of the programme in 2004, the value of the combination of theoretical and empirical knowledge was demonstrated repeatedly. One example is ProRail, where serious gaming was used to test various practical scenarios in a realistic work situation. Strategic alliances with Alliander (1.5 million Euros) and the Port of Rotterdam (2 million Euros) gave NGInfra the dynamic living labs needed to test new knowledge in practice. This relationship is also attractive for the partners in the alliance. Intensive cooperation with scientists gave them a wealth of fresh insights.

The aim of the collaboration with Alliander was the practical application of scientific knowledge and expertise in the area of complex infrastructure systems. Ten research projects were carried out under the banner of ‘Empowering Networks’. Much emphasis was put on the issue of how a network operator can directly involve society in decision-making processes, to render the best possible service to society. Research was also carried out into new market models, safety, and the vulnerability of intelligent energy distribution networks, and the ins and outs of open data. The results of the various projects were compiled in a light-hearted way in a ‘travel magazine’: Met de stroom mee! (“Going with the flow!”).

Next Generation Port Infra In 2010, NGInfra and the Port of Rotterdam entered into an alliance based on the application of scientific knowledge in the development, construction, and design of Maasvlakte 2. Eleven projects were successfully completed in the space of three years. These projects resulted in many new insights and usable tools, which the Port of Rotterdam now uses in its decision-making relating to the sustainability, spatial planning, accessibility and energy management of Maasvlakte 2. The collaboration and its results were very much appreciated by both parties. The success factor was the joint definition - by the field-based professionals and the scientists - of the research questions. This enabled the company to truly ‘absorb’ the scientific insights.

Bert Klerk

On the right track Network companies should be more outward-facing and look more towards each other to learn. ThisÂ is what my experience at ProRail with NGInfra taught me. By their nature, companies like ProRail have a closed and inward-looking culture: Our questions are so specific that the outside world will not understand what they mean. The relationship between science and ProRail was not an obvious one. The concrete application that we practised on the new 2009 timetable with the help of the NGInfra gaming instrument was a major breakthrough. Completely new timetables are introduced once every few years - a highlight in the lives of those who work on the railways, but at the same time, a nightmare. Their complexity is so immense and the bottlenecks are so numerous that even with the programmes available it was impossible to disentangle them. Nonetheless, we managed to get the friends of NGInfra inside, who succeeded in disentangling them with the help of the gaming instrument they designed. The role of the programme was therefore significant, both in relation to the timetable itself, which was subsequently introduced smoothly, and to the linking of two networks that had never been connected before! The similarities between network operators like RWS, ProRail or the Port of Rotterdam are much greater than you might think, and the scope of the questions they jointly asked the scientists were too limited at any rate. It was and is a hopeful sign that several bilateral alliances were established between network companies and NGInfra, but the added value lies especially in the cross-sectoral cross-pollination, I feel. It is taking shape already, but it is a slow process and often too technically driven, while questions about governance, embedding, and anchoring the public interest should bind the CEOs. Bert Klerk is the former chairman of the board of ProRail and a member of the NGInfra User Council

Translating social demand into solutions NGInfra offered us access to thinkers on infrastructures, people who look beyond the present day. This enabled us to put important questions that we as an infrastructure company face into a wider perspective. The dynamics on the energy market are forcing Alliander to change accordingly. The reliable supplier is becoming a network operator that puts its network at the service of its customers. In doing so, we also need to look beyond our own cable infrastructure. The NGInfra researchers focus on the question of how to become flexible as an operator and how to translate society’s demands into technical solutions. Working with NGInfra produced insights into what is important for making innovations possible. We must use and share these insights. If, in a subsequent phase, we share our insights with other infrastructure operators, like the Port of Rotterdam or ProRail, we will be better equipped to understand what we should do differently to make new networks possible. Pallas Agterberg is director of Strategy at Alliander

Pallas Agterberg

Unbundling energy companies a curse or a blessing?

he European Commission regards the unbundling of energy companies as the next step in the liberalisation of the energy market. Separating the network from the generation and sale of energy should lead to more competition, greater investment in infrastructure and lower prices. But is that really true? Critics point out the loss of synergy and a possible increase in market risk. In addition, the enforced separation of partly privatised companies is a complex matter from a legal perspective.

Five universities are working together in UNECOM: Jacobs University in Bremen, the Wirtschafts Universität in Vienna, the RuhrUniversität in Bochum, Tilburg University, and TU Delft.

Proje The UNECOM project (Unbundling of Energy Companies) of Gert Brunekreeft looked at the effects of unbundling from as many differ ent angles as possible. The project covered theoretical and empirical research by microeconomists, business economists, lawyers, and engineers.

UNECOM NGInfra 1.20

Curse or blessing? By no means every legal measure has the desired effect. Competition requires different players, regulations, and production surpluses. Unbundling certainly offers benefits, but these will only become manifest in the long term and are relatively limited. It is only when the process of unbundling in every European country is com plete that the overall effect on the European market can be measured.

A more secure internet without Big Brother

overnments all over the world are trying to find answers to the question how they can safeguard the security of their critical Internet infrastructures. Milton Mueller and Andreas Schmidt (TU Delft) compared the different strategies they are pursuing. Their research looked at the most critical threats botnets.

dubious companies based in lawless nations, but large ISPs in highly developed countries. This makes ISPs essential instruments for government intervention.

ecten Botnets appear to penetrate particularly netÂ works of a small number of internet service providers (ISPs). Remarkably, these are not

Networked governance of internet security NGInfra 04.12

An important outcome of the research is that repression is not the best solution. Countries with the strictest privacy laws appear to be the ones with the highest level of infection. Informal Â cooperation between regulators and the providers is much more effective, asÂ examples from Japan and Finland show.

Leading in following social demand The new NGInfra

ow that we have laid the solid foundations for international, inter disciplinary, and cross-sectoral research, the next stage awaits.

Together with the scientific world, the major infrastructure operators in the Netherlands have identified areas for attention where the sharing and development of knowledge are necessary. Powerful parties are making joint efforts aimed at catering to the needs and wishes of future generations. This pooling of resources on the part of infrastructure operators, owners, and science is unique in the world, and is highly promising in itself. Every two years, in the ‘State of the Infrastructure’, we monitor the degree to which the infrastructure is keeping up with international and local developments. We link high-quality knowledge to sound Dutch and international scientific research – this way, we strengthen the Dutch knowledge position in the field of infrastructure systems. The results make it possible to identify, clarify and inform, and to put topics on the agenda. Leading by keenly monitoring what the next generations are asking for. I look forward to the next ten years with much excitement! Judith Schueler is managing director of NGInfra

The safety paradox

nly when there is a power cut for an hour or no water comes out of the tap will we become conscious of the fact that electricity, water, transport, and telecommunications are achievements we can barely live without. Society is imposing increasingly stricter demands on the avail ability of these critical services.

Mark de Bruijne (TU Delft) took an in-depth look at the question as to how these networks of organisations address this issue. What enables them to deliver reliable services, despite the elimination of the old control mechanisms, in a market that is constantly changing?

Proje At the same time, there is a tendency to shake up the organisations on which they rely. Deregulation leads to familiar utility companies being split up. Technological innovations create new players who demand access to the networks. More and more parties are jointly responsible for reliability and safety, even though this may be in conflict with their own interests.

Strategies of Networked Reliability NGInfra 04.08

Research performed in close cooperation with professionals from a wide range of critical infrastructures shows that organisations are looking for a new approach, sometimes unconsciously. Flexibility – being able to quickly respond to incidents – is replacing prevention and long-term solutions.

Infrastructure projects and looking outwards

ajor infrastructure projects are char acterised by budget overruns, delays, and resistance from society. Much attention is placed on innovative contract forms, tendering procedures, and integrated plan procedures. However, unforeseen events are bound to occur in the course of any pro ject. Managers respond to these as well as they can. But what works, and what does not? How do you evaluate project results that were produced in a jungle of complexity?

a method that highlighted similarities, without losing sight of the unique features of the projects.

ecten Successful projects managed to strike a proper balance between internal control and external interaction. In the case of unfore seen events, intensive contact with local stakeholders (‘looking outwards’) was often a better strategy than ‘hiding’ the project from them (‘looking inwards’).

Stefan Verweij (Erasmus University Rotter dam) examined dozens of Rijkswaterstaat projects. He compared the projects using

Evaluating MIRT practices of coupled infrastructure-area development projects NGInfra 03.24

Anish Patil

Building a bridge between research and practice NGInfra supports and encourages research that is socially relevant, current, and aimed at bridging the gap between science and practice. That is where I believe the strength of the programme lies. The research is aimed at problems and issues that face the fast-changing private sector. Academic research sometimes has the tendency to neglect businesses and users, even though any research project should focus on them. At NGInfra, I noticed that the user was always involved and regularly played an active role when research projects were being set up by NGInfra. I regard this as a welcome new development. The way in which research is carried out at the university will change, and so will the appreciation of research on the part of businesses. I have noticed that this change in perception is already happening. On the basis of my limited knowledge of the Rotterdam private sector, I would say that many companies are proud ofÂ their collaboration with NGInfra. NGInfra tackles important issues in a fittingÂ manner. Anish Patil won the Infra Spark Award with his research into energy transitions

And now letâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s take this to the next level What can one infrastructure learn from another? Can we identify similar vulnerabilities, patterns, mechanisms? Can we build a knowledge base that leads to a more professional approach and reduces risks? Infrastructures are the main area of study at NGInfra. For me, as the chairman of this proÂ gramme, it is a thrill every time to see how much this subject links disciplines and elicits creative thinking. It is for a reason that NGInfra has resulted in so many dissertations, all of which offered valuable contributions. However, an important condition is that the scientific question is elaborated in such a way that it can actually be used in practice. The balance has to be right, and it is a very fine line. Ultimately, you will find that research projects rooted in practical situations become much more dynamic. The time has come to take this approach to the next level. The immense field of infrastructures has nowhere near been fully explored. Every day, cases arise that demand to be researched. It is about identifying patterns and developing expertise that could also be applied to more sophisticated networks. I expect this present-day challenge to lead to many positive outcomes inÂ the future. Paul Rullmann is the chairman of the board NGInfra

Paul Rullmann

Organisation People involved with 10 years of NGInfra Tanja Veldman William Nuttall Aad Veenman Paulien Herder Paul Rullman Ernst ten Heuvelhof Mark Dierikx Margot Weijnen Jan Dekker Wil Thissen Jacqueline Meerkerk Hans de Bruijn Vallampadugai Arunachalam Eelco Blok Judith Schueler Richard DeNeufville Roel in ’t Veld Donna Mehos Niels Goos Bert Klerk Sudha Mahalingham Alexander Rinnooy Kan Henk de Bruijn Natasja Hofstee Leslie Zachariah-Wolff Wolfgang Marquardt Pieter Bots René Wagenaar William Melody Benito Minella Willemijn Dicke Rachel Kievit Tea Petrin Aad Correlje Marieke de Ruijter Friso Gosliga Martijn Kuit Lydia Stougie Michel van Eeten Helen Stout Siebe Riedstra René van der Plas Ignacio Perez Arriaga Nina Rang Arjan van Binsbergen Zarah Glaap Harry van Breen Ronald Paul Gerrie van der Beek Jori Corbie Fransje Oudshoorn Mel Kroon Carlos Braga Suzan Stoter Michiel Ytsma Nico de Vries Douglas Jones Arthur Westerberg Pallas Agterberg Haiko van der Voort Ivo Bouwmans Hans Hellendoorn Marco Verschoor Pim Muijs Mark Frequin Martijn van Laarhoven Seen van der Plas Jean-Pierre Chamoux Mark de Bruijne Jean-Francois Auger Menno Nederveen Peter Kroes Inger Graafland Connie van Dop Zofia Lukszo Simon Peerdeman Maarten Franssen Eve Mitleton-Kelly John Ehrenfeld Eline van der Ende Johannes Bauer John Groenewegen Alexander Rinnooy Kan Wijnand Veeneman Felicita Viglietti Ulco Vermeulen Jean-Michel Glachant

Board

Directorate

annual report 2011

Scientific Advisory Board

User Council

Sub-programme leaders Programme office

Marnix Kaart Sacha Silvester Karl-Heinz Wolf Dimitris Potoglou

Yufei Yuan Datu B. Agusdinata

Reinier van der Veen Sander Rijsdijk Marleen Lodder Sebastiaan Meijer

Qikai Zhuang Virginia Dignum Johan Schot Telli van der Lei Rob Fastenau Elinor Ostrom Sander Vuyk Michel van Eeten Jan Geert van Hall Ettore Bompard Danny Schipper Alex van Heezik Maarten Veraart Ilse Schrijver Jan Willem Koeman Gigi van Rhee Jose Maria Maestre Torreblanca Ena Voûte Evangelos Pournaras Borg van Nijnatten Jimmy Troost Rob Goverde Nico Zornig Etienne Rouwette Geesje Saeijs Flor Avelino Michelle Spaas Ronald Kalkhoven Huijuan Wang Niket Narang Bram Veenhuizen Geertje Bekebrede Hans van Hooijdonk Pavol Bauer Johann-Christian Pielow Bert Geerken Wim Vree Ramses Wessel Sander van Splunter Robin Hagemans John Baggen Lasse Gerrits Bert Sadowski Maarten van der Vlist Michel Oey Wim van der Donk Jules Verlaan Jan Schoormans Claude Ménard Pieter Jelle Beers Michiel Nijdam Paul Gerretsen Milton Mueller Bert van Wee Peter Kroes Annelies Huygen Rudy Negenborn Lynn Andrew Bollinger Joseph Mathew Martin Palovic Andrea D’Ariano Martijn Kuit Watse Castelein Han Vrijling Kas Hemmes Smita Dolly Juval Portugali Jan Mulder Annelies Dijkzeul Zofia Lukszo Sigrid Schenk Melissa Chin Catherine Chiong Meza Hugo du Mez Dan Frey Maurits van Schuylenburg Rolf Künneke Marcelo Masera Sergio Olivero Leonie Walta Rene Wagenaar Aldo Bogletti Toine Houben Tang Jie Gina-Lee Glauser Stefan Verweij Joris Scharpff Larissa van der Lugt Michael J. North Andrew Hale Lara van Niekerk Stefan Bogner Alireza Abbasy Catalin Bucura Jan Korsten Varsha Paida Jan Klinkenberg Jan Willem Kuil Geert Jan van Heck Henk Nijmeijer Chris Davis Jasper Daams Mehdi Dastani Pieter Bots Bas Jonkman Tina George Karippacheril Lauren Basson Mark de Bruijne Dajie Liu Martin Scheepers Margarethe Rammerstorfer Rossitza Rousseva Marija Illic Hanneke de Jong Geert Deconinck Louis de Quelerij Joop Smits Aad Correljé Michiel Heldeweg Paulien Herder Wilco Quak Jose Pablo Chaves Avila Jeroen de Joode Bent Flyvbjerg Stephan Lechner Robbin Botter Martin Ouwekerk Flora Felso Bart de Schutter Marieke Fijnvandraat Maarten Franssen Daan Groen Ellen Hey Rudi Hakvoort Maria Medina Jean-Michel Glachant Bertien Broekhans Nick Huls Michiel Bliemer Joost Groot Kormelink Kees van der Drift Vincent Marchau Layla AlAbdulkarim Hugo Priemus Eswaran Subrahmanian Miriam Ram Hamilcar Knops Jelle van Luipen Louis Goossens Hans de Bruijn Eckart Ehlers Bernard de Wit Chris Roorda Roland Meyer Bianca Stalenberg Paul van Cauwenberge Henk Zandvoort Anne-Marie Bakker Justine Italianer Hans Buiter Andreas Schmidt Cees de Bont Emiel Kerpershoek Almerima Jamakovic Juha Aijo Ronald Paul Donna Mehos Jaap Ottjes Hossein Farahmand Frank Rieck Michel dos Santos Soares Jorrit Harmsen Bas Testerink Casper Stelling Ton Verbon Alfredo Antonio Nunez Vicencio Hugo Thomassen Frank Schipper Ruben Jongejan Sertac Oruc Derk Loorbach Marieke Klaver Pallas Agterberg Wil Thissen Ewoud Verhoef Thomas de Haan Heinrich Otruba Volker Wannack Jasmina Omic Fatemeh Nikayin Iman Mohammed Joris Goos Robin King Alberto Nucciarelli Alfons van Marrewijk Brian Collins Johan Schölvinck Mark Duinkerken Pieter Pos Mark van Twist Tanja Verheij Jill Slinger Mamadou Seck Steven Martina Xi Bao Maria Aleksandra Peeroo Domanski

Erik Pruyt Leentje Volker Theo Camps Pekka Pakkala Jan Peters George Dafermos Casper van der Veen Kaspar Koolstra Zulkuf Genc Mathieu Dumont Jasper Hoogeland Alexander Ziegler-Jöns Andreas Ligtvoet Nanny Bressers Granger Morgan Theun Baller Muriel Verkaik-Poelman Arjen Jaarsma

Bart van der Lugt Andrew Barendse Chris Snijders Andries Stam Pei-Hui Lin Roos van Krevelen Piet van Mieghem Andreas Hegyi Machiel Mulder Emdzad Sehic

resear Rob van der Heijden Giovanni De Santi Lex Runia Peer Ederer Dominique Foray Luuk Simons Juliana Manolova Annemarie Burgemeester Ove Grande Geert Dewulf Mathijs de Weerdt

Igor Mayer Ivo Bouwmans Oliver Williamson Ankie Bruens Bart Coppens Dusica Joksimovic

Niki Frantzeskaki John Groenewegen Mohamed Ibrahim Kees Slingerland Sverre Aam Theo Fens Milan Janic Theo Toonen

Yannick Hemond Rob Schoenmaker Martin de Jong Stefan Kulk Seyed Alizera Rezaee Leen van Doorn Alfredas Chmieliauskas Peter Russell Sytse Jelles Roel Pieterman Peter Notten Paul Korting Behzad Behdani Peter van Oosterom Piet Bovy Jop van den Hoogen Paul Scholte Leo Kusters Kees van Rooijen Henk Meurs Rob van Nes Catholijn Jonker Benjamin F. Hobbs Kees Koedijk Leonore van den Ende Peter Spaans Suzanne van Kooten Annie Tummers Anne-Jan Boersma Matthias Finger Ton van den Boom Vincent Lagendijk Marco Waas

Nicolette van Gestel David Balmert Benoit Robert Rick van Krevelen Johan Smit Willem de Haan Arjo van Loo Harald Warmelink Joop Koppenjan Hanneke Reuling Jeroen van den Hoven

Gerard Dijkema Hans Abbink Joost van der Hart Martijn Warnier Roland Reekmans Thijs Urlings Suzan Stoter Hans van Kranenburg Karin de Boo Carlo Branucci Martinez-Anido Ype Wijnia Steven Ankersmit Maarten Kroeze Elisangela Kanacilo Tanja Veldman Gert-Jan Stolk Yubin Wang Marcel Stive Herman Snoep Peter Molengraaf Julia Lo Ulco Vermeulen Harry Bouwman Nico van Dooren Jenne van der Velde Anish Patil Koen van Dam Reinier Timmer Eric Molin Frederika Welle Donker Scott Cunningham Monique de Moel Susan Taljaard Christine Brandstatt Ellen van Bueren Pierre Larouche Natalia Fiedziuk Jan-Willem van der Pas Eric Luiijf Henk Waaijers Hans Vrijenhoef Marian de Vries Jaap van den Top Ernst ten Heuvelhof Ben Ale David Eerdmans Martijn van Glabbeek Wiebren de Jong Delphine Francois Jakob Beetz Marijn Jansen Caner Hamarat Joris Hurenkam Merten Nefs Sandra IJsselstijn David Hollanders Janneke Wilschut Rob van der Bijl Margot Weijnen Lesley Broos Jaroslav Spirco Gert Jan Lankhorst Willemijn Dicke Julia Kasmire Vivek Vaidyanathan Markku Toiviainen Sisi Zlatanova Qiqi Zhou Katerina Stankova Mohammed Hajiahmadi Richard Cawley Noortje Groot Hans Hellendoorn Marc Laperrouza Hans de Haan Tiedo Vellinga Wout Hofman Piet Dircke Marlies van der Wee Daniele Corona Rob Stikkelman Adrie Dumaij Caspar Chorus Twan Laan Hadi Asghari Arnout van de Ven Han Ligteringen Ingo Hansen Bjorn Jespersen Henk de Bruijn Marco Gili Andreas Hartmann Leon Hermans Maria Stella Fiorenzo-Catalano Martijn Janssen Anshu Bharadwaj Jan van den Berg Roel in â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;t Veld Anna Sadowska Ekki Kreutzberger Amineh Ghorbani Daan Lenstra Dirk van Amelsfort Shahram Tahmasseby Remco Verzijlbergh Parvathy Chittur Ramaswamy Peter Nock Theo van Ruijven Ron van Duin Vincent de Gooyert Gerben Klein Baltink Monica Altamirano Kees Joosten Gert Brunekreeft Rik Bosman Albert Mulder Christoph Bremberger Jan Kwakkel Elies Steyger John-Jules Meyer Ibo van de Poel Francois Boisseleau Arnold Bregt Francien Dechesne Mark de Reuver Hennes de Ridder Jan Jaap Bouma Emile Chappin Martijn Jonker Thea Weijers Koos van der Bruggen Jan van Katwijk Mariana Faver Linhares Semir Daskapan Shivant Jhagroe Geert Jan Euverman Hans van Lint Kees Stam Mansour Monri Rui Duan Sabine Hogewind David Koepsell Nick van de Giessen Bill van Mil Peter Boelhouwer Wenyan Wu Peter-Jules van Overloop Dirk van de Wetering Frank van Heemskerk Roel van Raak Fernando Kuipers Ntiana el Chaib Mirjam Kars Sander Fijn van Draat Marisa de Brito Viren Ajodhia Leigh Hancher Markus Reuter Rene van der Plas Marc van Buiten Mernout Burger Rens Kortmann Marc Beusenberg Ellen Jagtman Marcel Veenswijk Wouter Goedhart Petra Heijnen Ferdinand Mertens David Dooghe Jos Hermus Lou van der Sluis Machtelt Meijer Riccardo Fagiani Jeffrey Gortmaker Frederic Vanswijgenhoven Tom Kleiberg Tineke Egyedi Victor Knoop Fransesco Corman Silja Eckartz Martijn Leijten Vic Hayes Steve Sol Lorant Tavasszy Ruben van Wendel de Joode Yashar Zeinaly Leo Brummelkamp Marten Jorritsma Bart van Arem Yilin Huang Rob Konings Shirin Tabatabaie Sabine Meier Marleen van Rijswick Martin Schulz Poonam Taneja Bauke Steenhuisen Yu Bo Hao Li Melanie Hekwolter of Hekhuis Menno Ros Jurgen van der Heijden Arno Siebes Frances Brazier Haiko van der Voort Jean-Francois Auger Gert van der Lee Jaap Vleugel Bart Wiegmans Wolter Lemstra Hatice Cigdem Demirel Rui Mu Adam J. Pel Bastiaan van Loenen Marco Zannoni Karen Smits Michiel Houwing Gabriel Lodewijks Floris de Groot Joost Voerman Harry van Breen Geert Jan Olsder Louise Mc.Nally Lars Lutje Schipholt Rob Zuidwijk Jos Vrancken Sofie Verbrugge Rajen Akalu Britta Lewendel Joost Poort Marcus Stemerding Chang Yu Robbin Te Velde Menno Huys Martijn van der Steen Maarten Ottens Geert Roovers Wim Ravesteijn Theo Tijssen Stefan Jaehnert Sadaf Bashir Didier van de Velde Pepijn van Wijmen Pieter van Gelder Wim Gideonse Helen Stout Paul Hermans Koenraad Debackere Rommel Pastrana Nico Baken Vladimir Korzinov Madan Rajagopal Pieter van Essen Arjen van Susteren Maaike Snelder Maarten Venselaar ........... Nicole van Klaveren - Pleumeekers Hans van Ham Ruud van Heur

rchers Tomas Olfos Vargas Ronald Backers Henk van Zuylen Sharad Karmacharya Fei Xue Johan Grievink Warren Walker Marc Otten Erik van der Vleuten Josafat Guererro Daniel Lauwen

Augustin Brais Jaco van Meijeren Bharath Palavalli Alexander Verbraeck Floris Kreiken Jos Blank Gerard Doorman Maarten Steinbuch Jeroen Schrijver Marja Menke Jacco Appelman Martijn Poel

Ton Hoff Igor Nikolic Wijnand Veeneman Tom Heijer Martijn van der Horst Jolien Ubacht Laurens de Vries Riccardo Roscelli Nienke Saanen

Credits This is the final summary of the Next Generation Infrastructures (NGInfra) Bsik research programme. Bsik (‘Besluit subsidies investeringen kennisinfrastructuur’ (‘decree on grants for investments in knowledge infrastructure’)) was a broad-based, national stimulation programme for research, set up on behalf of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. The NGInfra Bsik programme ran between 2004 and 2014.

Text Design Photography

Marco Verschoor CommunicatieAdvies Heike Slingerland BNO Danny Cornelissen, Jean-Luc Eggen, Angelique Nauta, Roelof Pot, Marco Verschoor, Beeldbank.rws.nl, Rijkswaterstaat / Henk Roolvink

© 2015, Next Generation Infrastructures This publication or parts thereof may be copied, distributed or communicated for non-commercial purposes, but without alterations to the design or layout of the publication, and only with acknowledgement of the source.

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