MAA
Las Vegas, USA.
10-11
Proposed extension to MacDonalds
S5
Environmental Design
A penny saved is a penny earned, they said. So with joules of energy!
The Site
Buildings, as they are designed and used today, contribute to serious environmental problems because of excessive consumption of energy and other natural resources. The close connection between energy use in buildings and environmental damage arises because energy intensive solutions sought to construct a building and meet its demands for heating, cooling, ventilation, and lighting cause severe depletion of invaluable environmental resources.However, buildings can be designed to meet the occupant’s need for thermal and visual comfort at reduced levels of energy and resources consumption.
“Las Vegas” The anthill in a dessert.
1 The extension building is designed such that there are some additional seating for the restaurant, some of which will be in the open area. The building could adopt a mixed system of ventilation, this would save on energy.
The Climate Analysis Climate: Sub tropical arid climate, because it lies within the Mojave Dessert. The analysis tool indicates that it is hot and dry for most of the year. The city enjoys the sun throughout the year, with very high temperatures in summer.
The Orientation N
BAD: Orientation in any other direction gives more radiation during summer and less during winter.
S H E E T
Tutor: Spyros Stravoravdis Student: Nidhi Shah
BEST: Correct orientation gives more radiation during winter and less during summer.
182.5 Degree is the best orientation
T H E S T R A T E G I E S
The best strategy to keep the building cool will be Indirect Evaporative Cooling.
The structure is orientated to take maximum advantage of the sun at the same time not to allow the building to overheat in summer.
The Wind Analysis N N
Ÿ Micro-climate has been created by placing water in the West
The direction of the wind is from the West for all year long. It does not change considerably.
The west wall is staggered to take maximum advantage of the wind.
such that the wind can carry some amount of cool water vapor and increase the humidity of the air. Ÿ The new building is placed very close to the old so that shadows cast all the time on the southern facade. Ÿ The form has been derived due to the direction of the wind and d best orientation for radiation.
1
MAA
Las Vegas, USA.
10-11
Proposed extension to MacDonalds
Shadow Analysis By moving the building we can achieve more shading to the water body
S5
Environmental Design Tutor: Spyros Stravoravdis Student: Nidhi Shah
Day light factor horizontal surface
2
The change in the position of the building.
Calculating the day light factor for the water body.
3
Day light factor vertical surface
4
The full black colour indicates that the water body is completely under shadow throughout the year. This will help keeping the water cool.
Adding light shelf
Caculating for a window in the south. The light self allows day light to illuminate the room at the same time also obstructs excessive sunlight, specially in the summer.
5 Checking for lluminance
The quality of light improves after incorporating the light shelf.
6 Checking for lluminance
Different ways in which the Lux levels of the room can be tested and measured.
S H E E T 2
MAA
Las Vegas, USA.
10-11
Proposed extension to MacDonalds
S5
Environmental Design Tutor: Spyros Stravoravdis Student: Nidhi Shah
7 Thermal analysis Since the climate is hot most of the year the building does not require heating.The first bar shows the requirement of cooling for the building. The second graphs shows the reduction in requirement of cooling wen the thermal mass of the building was increased and also windows were double insulated. The model was also tested for different sizes of windows, but the change was not very significant.
8 Thermal analysis The temperature of the building was checked for both mixed mode of system as well as natural ventilation.
Some more strategies 9 Solar analysis
Ÿ Walls are finished with white paint so that it reflects heat.
The roof is covered with white China mosaic glazed tiles so that it reflects heat. Ÿ Microclimate is modified by vegetation and water bodies. Ÿ Day lighting by north glazing. Ÿ Thermal Storage Walls. Ÿ Windows are double glazed shutters. Ÿ
Calculation
Since a there is a lot of incident solar light on the roof, we can put solar panels so that energy can be generated in the building itself.
Thus, in brief, an energy-efficient building balances all aspects of energy use in a building – lighting, space-conditioning, and ventilation – by providing an optimized mix of passive solar design strategies, energy efficient equipment, and renewable sources of energy.
S H E E T 3