Peterborough Southbank Feasibility Study by Nisha

PETERBOROUGH

SOUTH BANK F E A S I B I L I T Y S T U DY

Nisha Gandhi C3274344 LA705 Advanced Landscape Architecture Major Design Project PG Diploma Landscape Architecture Leeds Beckett University, UK

PETERBOROUGH

FOREWORD This feasibility study looks at a potential development site based in central Peterborough. The site is currently vacant and has high potential as a development and regeneration scheme. The purpose of this document is to determine the possibility for the potential future uses of the site, and to outline a design brief with appropriate aims and objectives for the project.

PETERBOROUGH IN THE 1970s

SOUTHBANK PARK. THE INTERSECTIO

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND

RESEARCH RESEARCH

CASE STUDIES CASE STUDIES

Peterborough

City Planning

Size Comparison

Images

Local Development Framework

Berges De La Seine, France

Infographics

Current + Proposed Development

CityDeck, USA

Policies + Guidance

Dundee Central Waterfront, UK

Theory

East Quayside, UK

Louisville Waterfront Park, USA

Zhongshan Shipyard Park, China

Bridges

Summary

ON OF HERITAGE, CULTURE + NATURE. PROJECT DESIGN STATEMENT

ANALYSISANALYSIS

VISION

River Nene

Vision + Project Statement

Waterfront Analysis

Aims + Objectives

Historical Development

Users + Uses

Conservation + Heritage

Peterborough Connected App

Arts, Events + Culture

Green Infrastructure

Site Photos

Constraints + Opportunities

VISION

REFERENCES REFERENCES References

â&#x20AC;&#x153;By 2026 Peterborough city centre will have become an even more attractive, vibrant and distinctive place to visit, work and live, with a greater range of attractions and facilities.â&#x20AC;? PETERBOROUGH CITY COUNCIL

BACK G R O U N D RES EA R CH CASE S TU D IES A N A L Y S IS V IS IO N

BACKGROUND PETERBOROUGH

Peterborough is small city located in Cambridgeshire, in the East of England. It is situated 75 miles north of London, and 30 miles from the east coast. Peterborough is one of the fastest growing cities in the UK, working towards being the UK’s environmental capital.

#funfacts GLASGOW

Designated a New Town in 1967

Scenes for the two James Bond films were filmed on the Nene Valley Railway

Holme Fen, 9 miles south of Peterborough, is the lowest point in the UK (2.75m below sea level)

Katherine of Aragon and Mary and Queen of Scots were buried in Peterborough Cathedral

PETERBOROUGH LEEDS 2

MANCHESTER

16 1

17 5 8

3 7

15 13 11

14 12 18

CITY CENTRE

NORWICH

B IRMINGHAM

WARD MAP 1. BARNACK 2. NORTHBOROUGH 3. GLINTON + WITTERING 4. WERRINGTON NORTH 5. WERRINGTON SOUTH 6. BRETTON NORTH 7. BRETTON SOUTH 8. WALTON

CAMBRIDGE 9. RAVENSTHORPE 10. WEST 11. CENTRAL 12. PARK 13. NORTH 14. DOGSTHORPE 15. PASTON 16. NEWBOROUGH

17. EYE + THORNEY 18. STANGROUND CENTRAL 19. STANGROUND EAST 20. HAMPTON 21. ORTON LONGUEVILLE 22. ORTON WATERVILLE

OXFORD

LONDON

CENTRAL PARK

LEEDS (117 miles)

STANLEY RECREATION GROUND

BUS STATION

NORWICH (76.8 miles)

QUEENSGATE SHOPPING CENTRE

RAILWAY STATION

CATHEDRAL

CINEMA

CATHEDRAL SQUARE CRESCENT BRIDGE

RECREATION GROUNDS PETERBOROUGH MUSEUM

LEICESTER (41.6 miles)

LIDO TOWN HALL

ASDA

GREYHOUNDS

KEY THEATRE

FERRY MEADOWS R

EMBANKMENT E

STUDY AREA

CONNECT21 NEW HOUSING DEVELOPMENT E

RAILWORLD GREEN BACK YARD

NENE WASHES

SOUTH BANK HOUSING DEVELOPMENT

ANGLIA RUSKING UNIVERSITY ABAX STADIUM BRITISH SUGAR

1km

CAMBRIDGE (34.2 miles)

ELTON HALL

KEY THEATRE

EMBANKMENT RIVERSIDE

NENE VALLEY PARK

RIVER NENE

FERRY MEADOWS

RIVERGATE

BURGHLEY HOUSE

THE LIDO - OUTDOOR SWIMMING POOL TRAIN STATION

HAMPTON ‘TUMP’

ST JOHNS CHURCH

PETERBOROUGH CATHEDRAL

MILTON FERRY BRIDGE

SHANKS MILLENIUM BRIDGE TOWN HALL

CATHEDRAL SQUARE

TOWN BRIDGE

“[Peterborough] has an increasing reputation as the city of choice for major global players, small and medium sized enterprises (SME’s) and innovative start up companies [..making it] the ideal location to invest, work and live.” INVEST IN PETERBOROUGH

BACK G R O U N D RES EA R CH CASE S TU D IES A N A L Y S IS V IS IO N

RESEARCH CITY PLANNING

Following Peterborough’s ‘New Town’ designation, a national government initiative established the Peterborough Development Corporation (PDC) in 1968. The Corporation were in charge of the urban development of the city, outside of the usual Town and Country Planning in the UK. They drafted many masterplans for the city and beyond, much like the ones seen opposite, in a bid to transform Peterborough into a great town to live and work in. Their achievements include creating townships in Orton, Bretton, Werrington, Paston, Ravensthorpe, Woodston, etc. alongside developing Queensgate, Ferry Meadows and the parkways (main highways around the city), and attracting large businesses from London, Europe and USA. The PDC disbanded in 1988, overtaken by the Peterborough Development Agency, to most recently the Peterborough Investment Partnership - continuing development and encouraging more businesses and investment into the city.

CITY CENTRE PLAN (1971)

SHOPS

RESIDENTIAL

MIXED USES

MIXED COMMERCIAL

OFFICES

CAR PARKS

OPEN SPACES

PROPOSED PRIMARY ROADS

PUBLIC UTILITIES

PEDESTRIAN PRIORITY

OTHER MAIN ROADS

PUBLIC BUILDINGS

AREAS OF OPPORTUNITY (1971)

This plan identifies the areas of opportunity in the city centre, some of which, including the study area, hasnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t developed much.

VISUAL STRUCTURE DIAGRAM (1971)

This diagram shows the logical design-thinking of creating an avenue from Park to the heart of the city, and connecting Embankment to the Cathedral.

RESEARCH

LOCAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK

The Local Development Framework plan shown opposite was created by Peterborough City Council to identify areas of potential development. They have acknowledged the following issues with the city centre in their Development Plan Document (DPD):

•

Low levels of housing

•

Opportunity to improve the city’s cultural offer

•

Decline in retail ranking

•

Lack of high quality office development

•

Limited evening economy

•

Poor connection of the River Nene to the city

•

Priority of vehicular movement throughout the limits pedestrians and cyclists

SOUTH BANK

Objectives related to Riverside: 1. Potential to create a cultural quarter which straddles the Riverside North and Riverside South policy areas, incorporating the Key Theatre and Lido. (3.6.4.) 2. Wherever possible, new and existing green spaces in the city centre should help to improve connectivity for pedestrians and function as part of the wider Peterborough Green Grid network, providing links and access to the Nene Valley and to the open countryside. (3.8.5) 3. Reconnection the River Nene to the City Core, by improving the links for pedestrians and cyclists, and making the most of this important asset are also key elements of the strategy for the City Centre. Riverside locations have the potential to create highly attractive settings for new development, but it is generally acknowledged that the potential of the river and surrounding area has not been fully exploited. Much of the development during the course of the 20th Century served to isolate the river front from the remainder of the city centre and, with the notable exception of the Key Theatre; there are few leisure uses that take advantage of the riverside. (3.8.6) 20

4. Support of development which would enhance recreation or bring landscape, nature conservation, heritage, cultural or amenity benefits. It seeks greater public access and the achievement of continuous publicly accessible paths and cycle routes alongside the river. (3.8.7) 5. A consistent theme running through all of the changes in this area will be measures to make the river and its banks more accessible and more attractive for all users, including opportunities for greater use by pleasure craft. (4.4.9) 6. “Development will be supported, in principle, where it helps to secure the transformation of disused and under used land, in order to create an enhanced gateway into the city centre.” (Policy CC6) 7. Demonstrate that the development will be safe without increasing flood risk elsewhere. (Policy CC6)

STATION

CITY NORTH

• Mixed-use development around the rail way station • Improvements to railway station • Foot/cycle bridge over railway line • Residential mixed-use development based on old the Hospital site

• Some scope for infill development • Improvements to links between the inner city residential areas and the city core • Links to wider regeneration project in the Millfield area

CITY NORTH

CITY CORE BOONGATE

STATION

• North Westgate proposal (retail, residential and mixed-use development) • Leisure and cultural opportunities • Protecting and enhancing the historic environment • Approx. 700 new dwellings, including student accommodation

BOONGATE • Improvements to the entrance to the city centre from the parkway system • Approx. 70 new dwellings • Improved car parking

CITY CORE

RIVERGATE • Mixed-use development – mainly retail and residential • Approx. 100 new dwellings • Improvement of links from City Core to River Nene and Riverside South

RIVERSIDE NORTH

RIVERGATE

FENGATE

RIVERSIDE SOUTH STUDY AREA

• Mixed-use residential-led development • Fletton Quays redevelopment to include leisure, culture and possibly hotel, bars and restaurants with an attractive river frontage • May include some office development • Need for foot/cycle bridge across the River Nene to connect to the embankment and the rest of the city centre

Conservation area

Housing allocation

RIVERSIDE SOUTH

FENGATE • Residential development, approx. 500 to 600 new dwellings • Possibility of moorings or a marina

Opportunity area

Local centre

Site of Specific Interest (SSSI) + Ramsar (Wetlands of International Importance) + Special Protection Area

1km 0

RESEARCH

CURRENT + PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT

These are an example of some of the public and private developments that are current being constructed in the city, or have been submitted for planning. Most of the development is north of the river, with most being residential led due to the growth of the city.

1 FORMER HOSPITAL SITE 2 LONG CAUSEWAY 3 NORTH WESTGATE

NORTH WESTGATE

4 BOURGES BOULEVARD 5 HEREWARD TOWER 6 LONDON ROAD APARTMENTS 7 FLETTON QUAYS

CONNECT21 APARTMENTS

8 CONNECT 21 APARTMENTS

3 2 1

5 4

7 6

LONG CAUSEWAY

6.5

Masterplan Principles

LONDON ROAD APARTMENTS

The masterplan proposals provide for a new residential development of up to 350 units of up to 4 storeys, means of access, formal and informal open space provision, a new Community Primary School, associated landscaping, footpaths, secondary access roads and drainage works, with TOWER access from ThorpeHEREWARD Road, Midland Road, and Alderman’s Drive. The illustrative masterplan has been carefully formulated in response to the existing features of the site with the development proposals based on the following principles;

FORMER HOSPITAL SITE

FLETTON QUAYS

•

To integrate the development into the existing urban grain and landscape setting.

•

To retain and protect key tree groups and individual tree specimens and boundary vegetation to maintain visual amenity and landscape character, in particular the character setting of The Gables.

•

To provide ecological enhancement through the creation of a range of new habitats including grasslands, SUDS basins, native planting and management of existing trees.

•

To create an attractive, safe and sustainable community providing new dwellings and open space of the highest design quality.

The primary access to the western development plot that includes The Gables will be via Thorpe Road using the existing access road to the east of The City Care Centre. Secondary access via Thorpe road will be provided to The Gables and a small number of residential dwellings. The primary access to the central and eastern development plots will be via Alderman’s Drive and Midland Road. The proposals will provide direct and convenientNORTH access WESTGATE to Thorpe Road for both vehicles and pedestrians to encourage movement sustainable modes with access to local bus services and Peterborough train station.

RESEARCH POLICIES + GUIDANCE

The following documents below have primarily been used to give guidance and insight into the requirements for development in Peterborough. Parts of these documents will have influenced ideas and strategies in this feasibility study.

Peterborough City Centre Development Plan Document (2013)

Peterborough Planning Policies DPD (2012)

Peterborough Public Realm Strategy (2008)

This City Centre Development Plan Document (2013) sets out the council’s long term vision and objectives for the city centre.

This document sets out the council’s fundamental approach to development in accordance with the National Planning Policy Framework.

This document is a strategy that sets out a clear direction to guide planning, development and investment decisions towards the achievement of the vision for well-connected public realm in Peterborough’s city centre.

The policies and proposals in this document will help direct how new development and regeneration will be achieved, and how their vision will be met.

It is used as guidance to secure sustainable development, which meet the objectives outlined in the City Centre Development Plan Document.

It outlines 10 distinct principles to enhancing the city, of which many are directly related to the area of proposal for this feasibility study.

Other useful documents include: Peterborough Culture Strategy (2015 - 2020), Peterborough Site Allocations DPD (2012), Peterborough Technology Strategy (2014 - 2019), Peterborough Green Grid Strategy (2007), Peterborough Flood and Water Management SPD (2012), Peterborough Transport Plan (2011 - 2026), Peterborough Visitor Economy Strategy (2015 - 2020), CABE’s guidance on Planning and Regeneration of Urban Rivers (2010) and the Urban Design Compendium (2007).

Good Practice Guidance for GI + Biodiversity (2015 - 2020)

Sustainable Community Strategy (2008 - 2021)

National Planning Policy Framework (2012)

This document is guidance that is designed to offer advice on how green infrastructure and biodiversity cab be enhanced and protected through the planning system.

This document is a strategy that aims to substantially improve the quality of life of the people of Peterborough.

The National Planning Policy Framework sets out government planning policy for England and how these are expected to be applied.

It addresses major challenges and concerns for the city, and outlines a vision to ensure that Peterborough grows in the right way.

The over-arching policies in this document will have fed into the Local Development Framework and City Centre Development Plan documents.

“GI provides opportunities to protect and enhance the natural environment and is fundamental to strategic planning to safeguard the natural environment for future generations.”

RESEARCH THEORY

The following pages show some of the theory that may influence the design development of the proposal for Southbank. I have selected the theories based on their relevance to the urban waterfront regeneration theme set for the site.

THE SOCIAL LIFE OF SMALL URBAN SPACES (1980) WILLIAM H. WHYTE

A Place to Sit • Quantity and variation are important • Seating in the sun and shade • Integral seating adds flexibility i.e. planters, retaining walls, edges • Seats facing opposite and adjacent to encourage physical connection and communication Streets + Plazas • Permeable in access and views • Attention to how corners, junction and edges as these are where informal communication happens • Designed at human scale • Flush surfaces Food • Easy access and circulation, with seating close enough to encourage social interaction • “Food attracts people, who attract more people.” Water • People should have access to water. i.e. to see or hear • The sound can mask aspects of the city

“What attracts people most, it would appear, is other people.”

Trees + Sun + Wind • Provide a choice of sunny and shady areas • Large trees can help define an area: 1 per 7.5 per square meter, ideally located near to seating areas • Direct or reflected light is important to creating a safe place

White, W. H. (1980) The Social Life of Small Urban Spaces, p19.

THE DEATH AND LIFE OF GREAT AMERICAN CITIES (1961) JANE JACOBS

In this book, Jacobs criticised the urban planning policy of the 1950s, claiming that the urban renewal and separation of uses destroys communities; resulting in isolated and fabricated urban spaces. The book is split into four parts, looking into the nature of cities, the conditions for a diverse city, forces of decline, and different tactics for city planning.

“Think of any city street that people enjoy and you will see that characteristically it has old buildings mixed with the new.”

Generators of Diversity: Primary mixed-use “The district, and indeed as many of its internal parts as possible, must serve more than one primary function; preferably more than two. These must insure the presence of people who outdoors on different schedules and are in the place for different purposes, but who are able to use many facilities in common.”

Aged buildings “The district must mingle buildings that vary in age and condition, including a good proportion of old ones.”

Density Small blocks + Permeability “Most blocks must be short; that is, streets and opportunities to turn corners must be frequent.”

“The district must have a sufficiently dense concentration of people, for whatever purpose they may be there. This includes people there because of residence.”

Jacobs, J. (1961) The Death and Life of Great American Cities, p143

MAKING A CITY: URBANITY, VITALITY AND URBAN DESIGN (1998) JOURNAL OF URBAN DESIGN. VOL. 3 ISSUE 1 JOHN MONTGOMERY

Summary principles for achieving urbanity:

ACTIV ITY

Generating pedestrian flows and vitality Seeking people attractors Achieving a diversity of primary and secondary uses Developing a density of population Varying opening hours and stimulating the evening economy Promoting street life and people-watching Growing a fine-grained economy

IMAG E ME AN IN G

Legibility Imageability Symbolism and memory Psychological access Receptivity Knowledgeability Achieving development intensity Zoning for mixed use

â&#x20AC;&#x153;In designing a new piece of city, it is essential to consider form, activity and image in tandem and progressively. Each should reinforce the other. That is the way cities grow.â&#x20AC;?

PH YSICAL SE TTIN G

Building for a fine grain Adaptability of the built stock Scale City blocks and permeability Streets: contact, visibility and horizontal grain The public realm Movement Green space and water space Landmarks, visual stimulation and attention to detail Architectural style as image 28

Montgomery, J. (1998) Making a city: urbanity, vitality and urban design, Journal of Urban Design, 3(1), p93-116.

TURNING THE TIDE - URBAN WATERFRONT NICHOLAS FALK

This report analyses the relevance and contribution of urban waterfront regeneration. It critiques several case studies where waterways have played an integral part in a successful urban regeneration.

“The waterfront was the roots of most of our towns and cities, and provides an important breathing space and natural habitat in many crowded areas.”

The Renaissance of the Urban Waterfront

Principles for a successful Waterfront:

(Adapted from Rinio Brutomesso)

(Adapted from URBED)

• Water must be a central characteristic not an afterthought

Spirit of Place

• The identity of the site and original features should be enhanced

• Look unique

• A balanced mix of uses should be sought

• Provide a continuous and cared for public realm

• The waterfront should be integrated with the wider urban area

• Interprets and respects the past, while avoiding pastiche

• Projects should be pursued in an atmosphere of collaboration. Integration with the surrounding area • Are a short pleasant walk from the rest of the town or city • Offer attractions for all parts of the community • Respect the area’s history and architectural heritage

Resourcefulness • Make full use of the water for both pleasure and work • Attract uses that get extra value from the views, security and tranquillity that water provides • Protects and improves the water quality, and with it natural life

Falk, N. (1999) Turning the Tide: The Renaissance of the Urban Waterfront, p25

“Peterborough is an ambitious city with a diverse economy and exciting plans for growth.” OPPORTUNITY PETERBOROUGH

BACK G R O U N D RES EA R CH CASE S TU D IES A N A L Y S IS V IS IO N

ZHONGSHAN SHIPYARD PARK ZHONGSHAN CITY, CHINA

DUNDEE CENTRAL WATERFRONT DUNDEE, SCOTLAND, UK

BERGES DE LA SEINE PARIS, FRANCE

EAST QUAYSIDE NEWCASTLE, UK

CITYDECK GREEN BAY, WISCONSIN, USA

LOUISVILLE WATERFRONT (PHASE 4) LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY, USA

SOUTHBANK PETERBOROUGH, UK

1km 0

CASE STUDIES BERGES DE LA SEINE, PARIS

Berges de la Seine (translation: Banks of the Seine) is a large scale project transforming nine areas along the river for redevelopment. The banks emphasise a playful nature to the urban landscape, whilst taking into consideration the significant heritage value of the Seine Embankment (UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1991). With approximately 75% of France’s population residing in an urban environment, Les Berges presents a great opportunity to infuse nature into the urban fabric. Proposals for site: • Increase access to the river and make its banks safe • Making crossing the river easier • Propose new cultural. Economic and sporting activities, available to a wide population, year round, in a natural setting • Create a new ‘face’ for the banks, more appropriate to the river, while developing biodiversity

Background Project Promenade Berges de la Seine, Paris, France Size 0.5 miles long Designer Franklin Azzi Architecture 34

CASE STUDIES CITYDECK, GREEN BAY, USA

The CityDeck is a mixed-use development on the Fox River Bank in downtown Green Bay. The development includes a quarter-mile-long active boardwalk that brings city life right up to the waters edge. A variety of construction methods and materials were used to create layered levels of interaction with the water, as well as serving as a flood barrier protecting the nearby buildings. This development transformed a large empty space behind a parking structure into an attractive, vibrant, social space for the people of downtown Green Bay.

1 CAFE TERRACE 2 MIXED-USE COMMERCIAL + RESIDENTIAL 3 RESIDENTIAL 4 SHOPKO LANDING

5 AMPHITHEATER 6 DOCKS 7 PINE ST. STEPS + STAGE 8 WATER FEATURE

9 LAWN 10 CHERRY ST. LANDING 11 WALNUT ST. PIER

Background Project CityDeck, Green Bay, Wisconsin, USA Size 2.5 acres / 0.25 miles long Designer Stoss Landscape Urbanism 36

CASE STUDIES

DUNDEE CENTRAL WATERFRONT, SCOTLAND, UK

The Dundee Waterfront is a large transformation project alongside the River Tay. The Dundee Partnership has created a 30 year vision to demonstrate the exceptional opportunities it could offer, alongside adding to the identity and sense of place. The project responds well to the context of the river, as historically the city’s growth was built on it’s relationship to the water - but the arrival of the Tay Road Bridge meant the road network cut the city away from the waterfront. The project is split into five zones of areas: Riverside, Seabraes, The Central Waterfront, City Quay and Dundee Port Main components of the project: • To transform the City of Dundee into a world leading waterfront destination for visitors and businesses through the enhancement of its physical, economic and cultural assets. • The extension of the city centre down to the waterfront • Improved provision for walking, cycling and buses • The reduction of the effect of cars and parking • The creation of a pair of east/west tree lined boulevards • The provision of a new rail station and arrival square

1 RIVERSIDE 2 SEABRAES 3 CENTRAL WATERFRONT 4 CITY QUAY 5 DUNDEE PORT

5 4

Background Project Dundee City Central Waterfront, Dundee, Scotland, UK Size 15 acres Designer Unknown 38

CASE STUDIES EAST QUAYSIDE, NEWCASTLE, UK

East Quayside occupies the north bank of the River Tyne. This regeneration scheme comprises of sustainable office development, housing, bars and restaurants, linked primarily through public spaces and a promenade along the waterfront. Main components of the project: • Strengthening the City’s economy • Safe inclusive and cohesive communities • Right choice of homes • Improving transport links • Transforming education and skills • Economic diversity – a mix and diversity of businesses • Strong connections – movement in and out of city • Innovation – to improve changes in public, private, voluntary sectors • A higher quality of life

Background Project East Quayside, Newcastle, England, UK Size 10 acres / 0.75 miles long Masterplanner Terry Farrell & Partners 40

CASE STUDIES

LOUISVILLE WATERFRONT PARK, KENTUCKY, USA

DESIGN MOTIVATION

scapes r their etated nother, th the nd the

This waterfront park is made up of a series of flexible and varied spaces. It fluidly connects all three aspects of a park, river and urban landscape. The park is a major destination for a wide range of users all year around, even when the park is subject to periodic flooding (designed feature). A unique factor to the design of the 4th Phase of the park, is itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s rich representation of the history of Louisville - from acknowledging the devastating Ohio River flood in 1937, to the cities Tobacco and steel production.

Design xisting n, and master

RIVER

crease mends

PARK

URBAN

Composite Diagram of Influences

Background Project Phase 4 Louisville Waterfront Park, Louisville, Kentucky, USA Size 22 acres Designer MKSK 42

PROMOTE CONNECTIVITY: CITY + RIVER, DOWNTOWN + PORTLAND

CREATE GATEWAYS TO THE PARK AND THE DISTRICT

3 ENCOURAGE RE-DEVELOPMENT 4 EXTEND RIVER ROAD TO THE WEST 5 PROVIDE PHYSICAL ACCESS TO THE RIVER 6 ELEVATE PRAGMATICS INTO POETICS 7

CELEBRATE THE RICH HISTORY OF THE PARK SITE AND COMMUNITY

8 PROMOTE A SUSTAINABLE 21ST CENTURY PARK

CASE STUDIES

ZHONGSHAN SHIPYARD PARK, CHINA

The Zhongshan Shipyard Park is a development on an old shipyard and brown field site. Turenscape, the landscape architects, renovated the space and transformed it into a unique green space. The site shows its strong history, with structures from the old shipyard still in place as features in the park. The designers have also responded to the challenges of fluctuating water levels on site by constructing a network of bridges, widening the river and terraced planting beds. The connectivity through the site and the re-use of former shipyard structures into facilities, shows a strong relationship to the surrounding urban context. Alongside this, native plants and trees are used to form natural habitats on site, whilst being educational and full of cultural and historical meaning.

How the project meets judging criteria by category: • Quality of design: Design penetrating into all the processes of preserving and modifying of existing forms, and creating new forms. • Functionalism: Function reigns supreme in this design. This is evident in the network of paths that link unique locations and exits, the reuse of docks for tea houses, the accessible terraces planted with native plants and the light tower made from the former water tower. • Relationship to context. The existing site was well respected. The park merges into the urban fabric through a network of paths and urban facilities being introduced. Water elements merge via the inlet from the sea that fluctuates along with ocean tides. • Environmental responsibility. The principles of reducing, reutilizing and recycling natural and man- made materials were followed. •

Relevance to the profession, the public and the environment. This park is a public place that calls people to pay attention to culture and history that has not yet been designated as formal or “traditional.” It is about the common people, as well as an environment ethic that states, “weeds are beautiful.”

Background Project Zhongshan Shipyard Park, Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province, China Size 27 acres Designer Turenscsape 44

BRIDGES

WEBB BRIDGE, MELBOURNE

BRIDGE OF REEDS, A14

DIGLIS BRIDGE, WORCESTER

SIMON DE BEAUVOIR FOOTBRIDGE, PARIS

CASTLEFORD BRIDGE

WEAVE BRIDGE, PHILADELPHIA

CIRKELBROEN, COPENHAGEN

TWIST BRIDGE, NETHERLANDS

SHANKS MILLENIUM BRIDGE PETERBOROUGH

PROVIDENCE BRIDGE RHODE ISLAND

MILLENIUM BRIDGE, LONDON

PEACE BRIDGE, ALBERTA, CANADA

PEDESTRIAN BRIDGE, JIANGSU, CHINA

CIRKELBROEN, COPENHAGEN

LUCHTSINGEL, ROTTERDAM

WEBB BRIDGE, MELBOURNE

SOLVESBERG BRIDGE, SWEDEN

HIGH TRESTLE TRAIL BRIDGE, IOWA

BP PEDESTRIAN BRIDGE, CHICAGO

CASE STUDIES SUMMARY

CRITERIA FOR SUCCESSFUL PLACES

BERGES DE LA SEINE

CITYDECK

DUNDEE WATERFRONT

PARIS, FRANCE

GREEN BAY, USA

SCOTLAND, UK

Berges de la Seine is a very socially interactive site, with a range of uses and activities. It could possibly relate to context better with visual links

CityDeck is also a highly aesthetically pleasing site, with great accessibility and sociable night and day use

Dundee Waterfront is a large scale development with a variety of uses and activities. It may lack continuity in links across the development that are not vehicular based

(PROJECTS FOR PUBLIC SPACE)

SOCIABILITY DAY/NIGHT USE; DIVERSE USERS; INTERACTIVE; WELCOMING; OWNERSHIP

USES + ACTIVITIES RANGE OF DIFFERENT ACTIVIES; HABITABLE; SUSTAINABLE; PRODUCTIVE; SUITABLE

ACCESS + LINKAGES SAFE ACCESSIBILITY; CONNECTED; WALKABLE; RELATES TO CONTEXT

COMFORT + IMAGE ATTRACTIVE; SAFE; NATURE-BASED SOLUTIONS; MAINTAINED

TOTAL

EAST QUAYSIDE

LOUISVILLE WATERFRONT

SCIOTO GREENWAYS

ZHONGSHAN PARK

NEWCASTLE, UK

LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY, USA

COLUMBUS, OHIO, USA

ZHONGSHAN CITY, CHINA

East Quayside is an attractive development with good access and links. It lacks green infrastructure or any green links to surrounding context

Phase 4 of the Louisville Waterfront Park is a very accessible and well-connected site. Aesthetics and evening use could be built upon

Scioto Greenways is another great example of an accessible and walkable site. Spaces could be exploited to expand evening uses

Zhongshan Shipyard Park is highly aesthetically pleasing, with good connections to the sites history and context

“Peterborough is one of the UK’s four future city demonstrators and home to the country’s largest cluster of environmental businesses. Through our smart city programme, we’re changing the way our urban systems work and creating the UK’s environment capital.” UNIVERSITY CENTRE PETERBOROUGH

BACK G R O U N D RES EA R CH CASE S TU D IES A N A L Y S IS V IS IO N

ANALYSIS RIVER NENE

The River Nene is the tenth longest river in the UK, roughly 88 miles/142 km running north-east from Northampton to The Wash. The river passes through many historic market towns, listed heritage features, archaeological sites, and scheduled monuments. There is currently a strategy plan for the Nene Valley, which identifies the recreational and tourist offer of the area. The strategy aims to increase the connectivity not just between adjacent towns of the river, but between the towns themselves by improving access, investing in waterways, and creating destinations. With the study area adjacent to the river, a big emphasis should be put on its orientation, accessibility and character. Historically the site used to function as a timber yard with other industrial use, so access to the river was important for trade. The west side of the valley is seen to be a little more urban/industrial in its character, versus rural towards the east.

Journey along the Nene

NORTHAMPTON

WELLINGBOROUGH

9-ARCHES BRIDGE, THRAPSTON

FOTHERINGHAY CASTLE, NEAR OUNDLE WISBECH

EMBANKMENT, PETERBOROUGH

THE WASH

WANSFORD

WISBECH STUDY AREA

OUNDLE

PETERBOROUGH

L A V

THRAPSTON

NORTHAMPTON

WELLINGBOROUGH

10 miles 0

ANALYSIS

WATERFRONT ANALYSIS

TON FERR MIL Y

WIN RO

G LAKE

DG RI E

LEISU

RE + NATU R

E P AR

LEISURE

AD OW S

POTENTIAL TO BRING LEISURE ACCESS FURTHER TOWARDS CITY CENTRE

AL SAM OC M Y T HE L

ME RY R E F

ILWORD

LACK OF PEDESTRIAN ROUTES ACROSS RIVER

E NE

A W VALLEY RAIL

EMBANKME

PEDESTRIAN/CYCLE CROSSINGS VEHICULAR CROSSINGS

LACK OF INTERACTION WITH THE RIVER IN URBAN AREAS O EC

A IC

A L P

DISE

TRAIN BRIDGES

LACK OF CONNECTION TO NATURE FLAG

FE N

WA SHE S

STUDY AREA

TI DA L LOCKS

G ID NIUM BR

MI LL E

LACK OF DESTINATIONS ON THE RIVERFRONT IN THE URBAN AREA

BA X

M FO O IU TBALL STAD

G 1km

Y 55

ANALYSIS

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT

The following diagrams show the expansion of the city over a thousand year period. The city centred around the Cathedral with most of the development occurring north of the river. To the right is a first edition map of Peterborough (1856 - 1908), showing the study area as a timber yard.

1000

1200

1721

This picture is taken across from Southbank, showing the industrial sheds and mill complex, where the first station in Peterborough was built.

1850

1900

August 1912, showing the result of an annual flood from the River Nene.

1981

STUDY AREA

1ST EDITION MAP OF PETERBOROUGH (1856 - 1908)

ANALYSIS

CONSERVATION + HERITAGE

Peterborough has a very rich history and heritage. The city was originally a Saxon settlement known as Medehamstede, meaning ‘meadown homestead’. It’s heritage highlights include the Cathedral (originally an Abbey until 1238), Flag Fen (an archaeological site dating back to the Bronze Age) and many other buildings of interest as shown below.

1 St Johns the Baptist Church

2 Guildhall

3 Customs House

4 Grade II Listed Railway Sheds

5 Whitworth Flour Mill

6 Railway Bridge

7 Lido

8 Laurel Court

The study area currently contains two Grade II listed buildings. Whitworth Flour Mill and Railway Sheds from the previous Great Eastern Railway Station.

8 7

3 STUDY AREA

5 4

Conservation area

Listed Parks + Gardens

Scheduled Monument

Grade I (A) Listed Building

Grade II (B) Listed Building

Grade II (C) Listed Building

1km 0

ANALYSIS

ARTS, EVENTS + CULTURE

SCULPTURE TRAIL

GREEN WHEEL CYCLE ROUTE

GRAFFITI ART

BURGHLEY FILM FESTIVAL

GREEN FESTIVAL

FERRY MEADOWS WATER SPORTS CENTRE

CYCLE SERIES TOUR ITALIAN FESTIVAL

BEER FESTIVAL

PERKINS GREAT EASTERN RUN HERITAGE FESTIVAL

ROWING LAKE

SCULPTURE TRAIL

DRAGON BOAT RACING

CRESCENT BRIDGE (102 YEARS OLD)

ANALYSIS

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE

The images below show some of the quality green spaces in the city, which vary in use from recreation [8] to events [6] and relaxation [4]. The main missing links in green infrastructure are the north-south and east-west connections. Potentially developing the study area into a primary green space which sits at the intersection of both these green links, will benefit all areas adjacent to the site.

1 Central Park

2 Broadway Cemetery

3 Stanley Recreation Ground

4 Cathedral Green / Cloisters

5 Bishops Gardens

6 Embankment

7 Nene Washes

8 Rowing Lake / Ferry Meadows Nature Park

“City trees have been shown to have the potential to raise property prices by between 5% and 18% by a series of international studies.””

CENTRAL PARK

“Residents on ‘high greenery’ environments were 3.3 more likely to take frequent physical exercise.” - FORESTRY COMMISSION

- CABE SPACE

“Desk workers who can see a green environment from their desks experience 23% less time off sick.”

“Trees and parks can reduce local air temperatures by 0.5 to 5 degrees celsius.” - US DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

- KL WOLF

BROADWAY CEMETERY

3 STANLEY RECREATION GROUND

“Well planned improvements to public spaces in town centres can boost trade by up to 40% and generate significant private sector investment.” - DEFRA

CATHEDRAL

4 5

EMBANKMENT

M I S S I N ROWING LAKE

STUDY AREA

G L

8 GREEN BACK YARD

FOOTBALL GROUNDS

I N

K NENE WASHES

1km 0

ANALYSIS SITE PHOTOS

2 1 10

STUDY AREA SIZE 68,000 SQ/M 17 ACRES 6.8 HECTARES

ANALYSIS

CONSTRAINTS + OPPORTUNITIES

CONSTRAINTS

SENSITIVE RIVER EDGE LACK OF CONNECTION/ ACCESS INTO SITE MAIN ROAD BOUNDING EDGE

EXISTING BUILDINGS

LEVEL CHANGE

NOIS

RAI

LW A

PARKWAY BOUNDING EDGE

Y L IN

DEVELOPING IN FLOOD PLAIN (INDICATIVE)

E BOU N

DING

NO ACCESS THROUGH TO SITE

EDGE

PUBLIC RIGHT OF WAY (INDICATIVE)

OPPORTUNITIES CLOSE PROXIMITY TO CITY CENTRE

ENHANCE/CREATE VIEWS TOWARDS CATHEDRAL + KEY THEATRE

LINK TO THE EMBANKMENT GREEN LINKS

CREATE A GREEN CORRIDOR

DEMOLISH ‘AQUA HOUSE’ ENHANCE EXISTING BUILDINGS ON SITE

LINK THROUGH RESIDENTIAL AREA

CONTINUOUS CYCLE/FOOTPATH LINK ALONG RIVER

“Peterborough is a great place to live, work, visit and do business. It has ambitious growth plans and is well placed logistically and geographically. It also has a diverse workforce and robust infrastructure. Most importantly Peterborough’s can-do attitude extends to attracting new and innovative ways of attracting investment and growth – all focused on building a better city for the future.” PETERBOROUGH INVESTMENT PARTNERSHIP

BACK G R O U N D RES EA R CH CASE S TU D IES A N A L Y S IS V IS IO N

VISION VISION

SOUTHBANK PARK. THE INTERSECTIO

ACCESSIBILITY

GRE INFRASTR I

PEOPLE

E GR

E F

F L E X I B L

A C C E S S

A I

CITY CENTRE

A C E S FLORA

Design a quality destination in Peterborough City Centre that is well connected and accessible

Create an inspirational and functional space that is suitable for potential users

Respond to t high quality g the

ON OF HERITAGE, CULTURE + NATURE. PROJECT DESIGN STATEMENT

EEN RUCTURE

CONTEXT

ENVIRONMENT/ SOCIAL/ECONOMIC/ CULTURAL

V I E W TO C AT H E D R A L EMBANKMENT S

P H Y R A

E E

A FAUN

the need for a green space in city

Design a destination that integrates well with, and enhances the local context

E X

I S T

I N G

U E A T

Responds to Peterboroughâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s target for more sustainable, cultural and economically sound developments

VISION

AIMS + OBJECTIVES

ACCESSIBILITY •

•

PEOPLE

Encourage activity through the site i.e. running, cycling, walking etc.

•

Provide a mixed-use development to cater for the 21st Century lifestyle

Encourage local use through ease of access, with multiple permeable entrances to the site

•

Design for social inclusion and safety of potential users

•

Cater for a wide spectrum of users and communities

•

Design social gathering spaces and active frontages

•

Design networks for walking and cycling and permeable spaces

•

Ensure connections to existing local transport

•

Provide flexible space for future change of uses

Create a safer link across the river to connect to existing amenities and green space (Embankment)

•

Create opportunities for social interaction

•

Design at human scale to get a richer experience from the site

•

EMBANKMENT + KEY THEATRE

RIVER NENE

GRE INFRASTR

•

Respond to the

•

Use of green str buildings

•

Continue the ‘Gr towards the site connect the site infrastructure

•

Build upon chara green spaces su (Embankment)

•

Use varying met of green infrastr defined spaces

•

Respond to any on and around t

S A C T I V E F R O N T A G E S

EEN RUCTURE ecology of the place

ructures and

reen Axis’ down e to visually e through green

acter of local urrounding the site

thods and scales ructure to create existing flora/fauna he site

EXISTING BUILDINGS

STUDY AREA

ENVIRONMENT/ SOCIAL/ECONOMIC/ CULTURAL

CONTEXT •

Create a vibrant destination with day and evening use

•

Attachment of the river to the city centre

•

Acknowledge the geographic and character settings

•

Create views towards the site, and enhance views towards the Cathedral

•

Note current land uses and design responsively to the location of the site

•

Cater for a wide spectrum of users and communities

•

Create a unique, comprehensive and memorable place that responds well to the context

•

Public realm that links closely with the distinct heritage and local features of the city (Stone Axis)

•

Protect and enhance landscape and townscape character, retaining local distinctiveness and protecting historic and cultural assets

•

Build upon the current art features around Peterborough

•

Acknowledge the sensitivity for proposed development next to the River Nene

•

Bring the economic opportunity to the site i.e. office space, cafe, kiosks etc.

SOUTHBANK HOUSING DEVELOPMENT

VISION USERS + USES

THE EVERYDAY USERS PEOPLE THAT USE + WORK IN THE AREAS

THE VISITORS TO EVENTS PEOPLE THAT VISIT THE PUBLIC SPACE BECAUSE OF SPECIAL EVENTS

Theory adapted from: Houstoun, Lawrence O. Jr.. (October, 2006). “Ingredients for Successful Public Spaces.” Urban Land.

THE VISITORS/ CUSTOMERS PEOPLE THAT VISIT THE FUNCTIONS IN THE AREA

THE PASSERBY’S PEOPLE PASSING THROUGH THE AREA

THE RECREATIONAL VISITORS PEOPLE THAT VISIT THE AREA BECAUSE OF PUBLIC SPACE FOR RECREATION/PLEASURE/ EXERCISE/PLAY

VISION

PETERBOROUGH CONNECTED APP

REFERENCES REFERENCES

PAGE

REFERENCE

CREDIT / SOURCE

Peterborough in the 1970s

Peterborough Archives and Local Studies Service

Nene Valley Park

https://www.flickr.com/photos/barryskeates/18374472184/

Train Station

http://www.inputgroup.co.uk/userfiles/Images/casestudies/Peterborough-station-819.jpg

Milton Ferry Bridge

https://www.flickr.com/photos/barryskeates/19003295726/

Cathedral Square

http://www.gcgp.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Catherdral-Square-Peterborough.jpg

Millenium Bridge

http://s0.geograph.org.uk/geophotos/03/22/17/3221709_f7c4585d.jpg

City Centre Plan (1971)

Peterborough Development Corporation (1970). Greater Peterborough Master Plan, p155

Areas of Opportunity (1971)

Peterborough Development Corporation (1970). Greater Peterborough Master Plan, p10

Visual Structure Diagram (1971)

Peterborough Development Corporation (1970). Greater Peterborough Master Plan, p41

North Westgate

http://www.peterboroughinvestmentpartnership.com

Connect21 Apartments

http://media.rightmove.co.uk/dir/3k/2075/39634136/2075_PCG107541_IMG_00_0001_max_656x437.jpg

Long Causeway

https://www.peterborough.gov.uk/council/conservation-and-regeneration/public-realm-works/#i3-zoom-3778504[]/1/

Former Hospital Site

Brownrigg, S. [2014] Former Peterborough District Hospital Design and Access Statement. p63

London Road Apartments

https://www.crosskeyshomes.co.uk/media/images/versions/img94joktmu717764.jpg

Bourges Boulevard

https://www.peterborough.gov.uk/council/conservation-and-regeneration/public-realm-works/

Fletton Quays

http://www.peterboroughinvestmentpartnership.com/images/Article_Art/2015/PROJECTS/Fletton_Quays/image_01.jpg

Hereward Tower

http://www.fw-properties.com/hereward-tower-peterborough/

North Westgate

http://north-westgate.com

34 + 35

Berges De La Seine, Paris

http://i1.wp.com/www.letweester.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/IMG_0468.jpg

35 + 37

CityDeck, Green Bay, USA

38 + 39

Dundee Central Waterfront, Scotland, UK

http://www.urbangardensweb.com/2013/08/12/floating-gardens-giant-chalkboards-and-climbing-walls-on-banks-of-seine-in-paris/ http://worldlandscapearchitect.com/citydeck-green-bay-usa-stoss-landscape-urbanism/ http://www.architecturalrecord.com/articles/7957-the-citydeck?v=preview http://www.ukconstructionmedia.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/Dundee-Waterfront-1024x576.jpg https://www.dundeewaterfront.com/sites/default/files/images/App_Aerial.jpg https://www.dundeewaterfront.com http://www.maxiconstruction.co.uk/news_120313District10Dundee.html 40 + 41

East Quayside, Newcastle, UK Images

http://farrells.com/projects/newcastle-masterplan/ http://www.express.co.uk/travel/shortbreaks/604813/Rugby-World-Cup-2015-travel-guide-hotels-bars-restaurants http://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/all-about/quayside-newcastle

42 + 43

Louisville Waterfront Park, Kentucky, USA

MKSK. [2014] Louisville Waterfront Park: Conceptual Masterplan Report Phase IV. p17, p24.

Zhongshan Shipyard Park, China Images

http://www.landezine.com/index.php/2012/07/zhongshan-shipyard-park-by-turenscape/

Bridge of Reeds, A14

http://www.naturallyactive.org/article.aspx?ArticleID=387

Webb Bridge, Melbourne

http://media.architecturaldigest.com/photos/5612aecffa39e28c72e0716c/master/pass/worlds-best-pedestrian-bridges09.jpg

Weave Bridge, Philadelphia

http://n-architektur.tumblr.com/post/31920769146/weave-bridge-philadelphia-architect-cecil

Diglis Bridge, Worcester

http://www.sustrans.org.uk/diglis-bridge-worcester

Simon De Beauvoir Footbridge, Paris

http://www.archimagazine.com/afeichtinger.htm

Twist Bridge, Netherlands

http://designyoutrust.com/2011/11/the-twist-bridge/the_twist_bridge_holland_collabcubed-2/

Cirkelbroen, Copenhagen

http://www.archdaily.com/772411/cirkelbroen-bridge-studio-olafur-eliasson

Shanks Millenium Bridge, Peterborough

http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/3221709

Castleford Bridge

http://www.dezeen.com/2008/07/17/castleford-bridge-by-mcdowellbenedetti/

Providence Bridge, Rhode Island

http://images.adsttc.com/media/images/55f7/311b/fd5f/d314/6700/00a0/large_jpg/final-view-1-copy.jpg?1442263308

Millenium Bridge, London

https://www.flickr.com/photos/84680325@N08/16555721790

Peace Bridge, Alberta, Canada

http://media.architecturaldigest.com/photos/5612aec9fa39e28c72e07160/master/pass/worlds-best-pedestrian-bridges03.jpg

Webb Bridge, Melbourne

http://cache2.allpostersimages.com/p/LRG/49/4942/4U9HG00Z/affiches/gollings-john-webb-bridge-melbourne-architectdenton-corker-marshall-robert-owen.jpg

Pedestrian Bridge, Jiangsu, China

https://twitter.com/slowottawa/status/532077573787111424

Luchtsingel, Rotterdam

http://media.architecturaldigest.com/photos/5612aecbfa39e28c72e07164/master/pass/worlds-best-pedestrian-bridges05.jpg

Cirkelbroen, Copenhagen

http://media.architecturaldigest.com/photos/5612aed06a6620585134f9ee/master/pass/worlds-best-pedestrian-bridges10.jpg

High Trestle Trail Bridge, Iowa

http://themetapicture.com/high-trestle-trail-bridge/

Solvesberg Bridge, Sweden

http://wordlesstech.com/swedens-solvesborg-bridge-color-changing-led-lights/

BP Pedestrian Bridge, Chicago

http://media.architecturaldigest.com/photos/5612aed6fa39e28c72e07174/master/pass/worlds-best-pedestrian-bridges13.jpg

Northampton River Nene

http://www.northamptonchron.co.uk/news/wimbledon-and-watersport-zones-at-northampton-waterfront-event-1-5169545

Wellingborough River Nene

https://www.flickr.com/photos/bazrichardson/6816625465/

9-Arches Bridge, Thrapston

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Thrapston_Bridge.jpg

Fotheringhay Castle, Near Oundle

http://www.britainexpress.com/uk-picture-of-the-day-image.htm?photo=2173

Embankment, Peterborough

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peterborough

Wisbech River Nene

https://www.flickr.com/photos/32157648@N08/4896407585/

54 + 55

Waterfront Analysis

https://www.flickr.com http://www.geograph.org.uk https://www.instagram.com

Historical Development Diagrams

Osborne, M. [1981] The Development of Peterborough Illustrated in Maps

Historic Photos

https://peterboroughbuildingsinneed.wordpress.com/module-3-conservation-areas/brian-white-peterborough-before-and-afterthe-railways-november-2011/

1st Edition Map of Peterborough (1856 - 1908)

Ordnance Survey County Series, 1st Edition 1856-1908, Landmark Information Group, Using: EDINA Historic Digimap Service

Green Wheel Cycle Route

http://www2.peterborough.gov.uk/community_information/about_peterborough/a_great_place_to_be.aspx

Green Festival

http://www.pect.org.uk/events/green-festival-2015

Ferry Meadows Water Sports Centre

http://lindumgroup.com/projects/leisure/ferry-meadows-watersports-centre

Burghley Film Festival

http://www.loughboroughecho.net/lifestyle/travel/burghley-house-film-festival-launch-7404103

Cycle Series Tour

http://www.tourseries.co.uk/news/13128.php#.VpK7BzbOp8w

Heritage Festival

http://www.peterboroughtoday.co.uk/news/latest-news/medieval-spectacular-at-peterborough-s-heritage-festival-1-6779497

Perkins Great Eastern Run

http://assets3.heart.co.uk/2015/31/perkins-great-eastern-run12-1438962097-view-0.jpg

Italian Festival

http://news.bbcimg.co.uk/media/images/55309000/jpg/_55309587_italian1.jpg

Dragon Boat Racing

http://www.stamfordmercury.co.uk/news/local/olympian-louis-smith-all-set-for-peterborough-dragon-boat-race-1-6794392

Nene Washes

http://www.rspb.org.uk/community/placestovisit/nenewashes/m/nenewashes-mediagallery/81097.aspx

Site Photos

http://www.peterboroughinvestmentpartnership.com/fletton-quays-peterborough-uk-project-overview.html

62 64 + 65

PETERBOROUGH