Weather magazine

WEATHER2013

May 2013 Learn more about different weather types

Hurricanes: Turn to page 4- 8 Flooding Turn to page 9

Tornadoes: Turn to page 10-13

Blizzards: Turn to page 14-15 Monsoons Turn to page 16-17

General Weather: Turn to page 18-21

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Letter from the editors Greetings readers! Weather 2013 is meant to be an informational and interesting magazine for all readers to be interested in the topic while learning good facts about it! We here “the editors” are in charge of making the magazine as best as possible.

Hello, I'm Nikola Muvceski, the author of “Hurricanes”a Flooding. As I wrote the hurricane article based on a true story, I learned a lot of good information about hurricanes. I was fascinated to learn that hurricanes are miles wide and they are pushed in their direction from the large scale winds. Also that hurricanes would not harm anybody if they do not go onto the land and, that during a hurricane it is better to get at a high elevation rather than a low. My topics are important because they teach you valuable information that you could use if you are ever caught in a hurricane in real life that could be a life or death change. Also they are important because if you know what to do during a hurricane you can inform somebody that you know that lives where a hurricane is headed and tell them what they need to do in order to survive.

Hello, I’m Kyle Roberts the author of ‘’Tornados/ Thunderstorms’’. I wrote it about the tornado that hit Moore, Oklahoma for the school that was hit by the tornado. I researched about tornadoes. Like the type of damages they can cause. I learned that lighting can cause more deaths than a tornado can. All this is fiction except the school getting hit by the tornado. When there is a tornado you must go to the safest place in your house. Go to a basement. If there is no basement go to a room where there are no windows. The best place to go is in a closet and then you should hold on.

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Hello, I’m Leelund Ingoglia, the author of Blizzards and Monsoons.

I wrote blizzards based on a true story and monsoons ,I learned great information on blizzards and monsoons. I researched how blizzards form and what kinds of winds are needed for both. The article monsoons is fictional except the information and facts. I also researched were the safest spots for both of them are basically your house or a friend’s or family's house. I also learned that the longest monsoon lasted a month in Arizona. Also info on damage both of them can cause. This info can be important because if you are in a situation like that you know some basics of what to do.Also for a school project.

Welcome fellow readers, I'm Connor author of Indiana's weather. In my article I gave you some interesting facts and a couple stories from my own experience. I researched many different weather formats. while researching I found out The average temperature in the winter is 42-32 and in the summer 85-72. It could very rarely hit the 100’s. The hottest day was a powerful 107 degrees. Also Indiana’s largest blizzard was 24in. or even over 2ft! I gave a personal story about a snowstorm I encountered myself along with a story about a powerful rain. So stay tuned readers and don't forget to pick up our news article.

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HURRICANES May 2013

By: Nikola Muvceski

Read to find out more on Nikola’s inspirational story!

A STORY ABOUT A BOY WHO MADE A RISKY DECISION THAT HE WOULD SOON REGRET! Swirling winds reaching speeds of 150 mph+, disastrous weather, flooding, bad in general, you never want to come in contact with a hurricane! A hurricane is defined as a tropical storm with violent wind and a lowpressure center and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms that produce strong winds and heavy rain.

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As I woke up on my fifth day being in Miami Florida I ate breakfast, while turning on the news channel. Right when I turned on the TV the Channel 5 meteorologist was giving a hurricane warning. The coastal residents of Florida were to evacuate as soon as possible. My face was in total shock, my vacation was ruined. I came in contact with the hotel administrators and they said I would not get my money refunded.

Anger was running through my veins like an ongoing roller coaster! But there are some things in life you just must accept.

When I got back to the hotel, I started looking up hurricanes and researching what was headed for me. Days went on and I have no idea what possibly was running through my mind when I made the decision of staying. It was said on the news that the hurricane was going to be hitting inland in about 2 days with massive wind and water damage. The weather was already making its turn for the worst. I decided to pack up and leave in the morning. I had a rough night sleeping as the air was very humid I figured because during a hurricane the warm humid air rises. When I woke up I was regretting my decision of staying! I packed the car, and little did I know that the traffic was extremely terrible and the roads were flooded.

Image of a hurricane on radar

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May 2013

THE STORM BEGINS! I had no choice but to stay stranded in my hotel. I set up some shelter and I tried to block the doorway with sandbags, the factor that causes the most deaths during a hurricane is flooding. It was only hours away and the weather was becoming bizarre out their. It was the scariest thing I had ever had to go through. Hurricanes are most likely to occur in the Atlantic ocean, that's where this one was coming from. When I looked out the window I saw the damage beginning, trees were falling, flooding got worse, some of the houses nearby had doors and windows that were broken,and there were storm surges. I surprisingly still had cell phone service and I decided to find out some more background information about this hurricane.

It was named hurricane Tony, and it was just at the state line of Florida and coming my way.

Hurricanes are named ahead of time by the World Meteorological Organization, they have six lists of 21 names for future seasons that they reuse. Every second a large hurricane releases the energy of 10 atomic bombs. Hurricanes are called a tropical storm until they reach land, if they never hit land they would not cause any big problems for us. I was very scared and I contacted the local police department but there was no way of helping me because so many people needed assistance and they just told me to stay at a higher altitude.

Some good things that hurricanes do include, the cycling nutrients from the ocean floor to the top, maintaining a global heat balance, and bringing rainwater inland. I got some knowledge about hurricanes but as I was doing research in my upstairs bathroom I found out the hurricane was just around the block. I braced myself and held on to the shower handle. It was not the best place to be considering the fact that their was a small window right by the sink. I had to look out the window I just had to know what was going on.

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The Journey Continued The disastrous sight I saw was unforgettable, trees were being blown down like dominoes. I couldn't watch anymore! It was terrible, even knowing the fact that I could be stuck in these conditions for weeks, the longest lasting hurricane ever recorded in history lasted three weeks! It was a little too early for a natural disaster like this considering that hurricane season usually ranged from June 1st-November 30th, although about 4 hurricanes have occurred in winter. Can you imagine being stuck in a crappy hotel bathroom for weeks on end? Lets just say its not a pretty sight. I had nothing to do but go on the internet and research this disaster. I learned that a hurricane is classified by a system called the Saffir-Simpson scale, which is used to measure the strength/intensity of a hurricane on a 1-5 scale. Hurricane Tony was classified as a 4 which was not good news for me!

When you think of a hurricane you might think it has some similarities with a tornado, but they only have a few similarities, they are both strong storms and they both bring dangerous winds that cause a lot of damage. Some differences include, that hurricanes form on water and tornadoes form on land, also that the center of a hurricane is calm and the center of a tornado is the most dangerous place! Hurricanes can be predicted much before they occur but tornadoes cannot, and a hurricanes speed is about in the 100s to about 180 mph and a tornado's winds can reach 300 mph, but a hurricane can be several hundred miles wide and they don't occur as much as tornadoes! I set my head back I needed to relax for a little.

I heard a sudden knock on my door downstairs, I was almost sure it was just the winds pushing something into my door but no! It was a human! He screamed “help!� and he wanted to come in, I thought it was the right thing to do. I ran downstairs and quickly opened the door.

He was a man looked like in his early 40s and he introduced himself as a storm chaser whose plans went totally wrong and lost his van. His name was George. George knew a lot about tornadoes and hurricanes, he knew almost every question I asked him as an algebra teacher solving 2+2.

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Hurricane Footage

How are they created ?

I was curious to find out more about hurricanes. I asked George about the formation of a hurricane. George in detail explained that Hurricanes have a warm front and a faster moving cold front wrapping around. North of the warm front is the cold air that was around before the storm starts.

They start from a storm cluster of thunderstorms caused usually in tropical areas when warm air rises, and while it is rising it cools and moisture condenses to clouds and rain forms in the clouds.

The rain releases heat that eventually creates more warm air which rises higher and creates thunderstorm clouds that eventually multiply then a low pressure wave will go across the oceans surface, which will go through the thunderstorms which pulls winds upward through the center of the thunderstorm. The winds create strong updrafts of air dragging moisture up with them then the thunderstorms become huge and start spinning counterclockwise because of the influence of the earths rotation and as the spinning gets faster it sucks up more moist air and the massive storm forms an eye which has low pressure and higher pressure outward. Once the eye is formed it is known as a hurricane/cyclone/typhoon/Willie-Willie depending where you are from. Last, massive large scale winds steer the storm in its direction.

I was fascinated by all the facts. We were stranded for about 8 days until a rescue crew came and knocked on our doors. The outdoors looked like a pig sty; it was all destroyed, trees were all fallen, and houses were down. The journey was inspiring. Let me tell you one thing: If you ever have a chance to get away from a hurricane, do it! You will not regret it.

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FLOOD PICTURES

Flooding By: Nikola Muvceski Hurricanes bring a lot of flood in the areas the affect All the states in the U.S. can be affected by flash floods.

Flash floods can bring wall of water from 10-20 feet high.

Flood damage is almost never covered by homeowners insurance so if you live in an area that is likely to have flooding it is a good idea to get flood insurance.

Flooding is defined as cover or a place or area with water. A flood occurs when water overflows land that's normally dry. Most floods take hours or even days to develop, giving residents enough time to prepare or evacuate. In the U.S. floods do about $6 billion worth of damage and kill about 140 people every year. Flooding is the only natural hazard for which the Federal government provides insurance. Since 1900, floods have killed 10,000 people in the United States alone. The highest rate of the death is caused when the people are trapped in the vehicle during the flood so if a flood begins it is recommended to go to a place of shelter as soon as possible.

A six inch flood moving along can make a person fall within one minute, and a two-foot flood can even shake up a big vehicle such as a bus. There are some common natural causes of flood. Some of them are because of a hurricane, heavy rain, and a winter storm. Most dangers of floods are easily preventable if you just listen to warnings and get to a safe place. After a flood stops getting worse Stay away from flood waters. The water may be contaminated by oil, gasoline or raw sewage the water may also be electrically charged from underground or downed power lines.

A good tip to know for a hurricane it to know you properties elevation so you can know if you will be affected by the amount of water that is expected. Flooding is the most common natural disaster worldwide. Just remember during a flood if you are in a vehicle you need to get to shelter quickly and it s better to stay at the highest most secure place to be.

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Images above show conditions during floods

TORNADO TORNADO May 3, 3, 1999 May 1999

TORNADO DAMAGE

FUJITA SCALE

By Kyle Roberts

I was on my way to the Oklahoma RedHawks game with my dad when we saw some rain clouds coming and a little bit of lighting.

When we got to the stadium the wind started to pick up. We got in and took our seats. In about the 5th inning with the RedHawks winning 5-2 I looked up and I saw some green clouds so I asked my dad “why are the clouds turning green?” “there is a severe thunderstorm heading our way I think.” “oh okay”. Then about 20 minutes after everything Oklahoma tornado.

Onethat of the strongest one ever. went calm there was no wind, breeze Oklahoma tornado. One of the strongest one ever. or anything started to hail then the wind game startedwith to pick up it I was on mythen wayit to the Oklahoma RedHawks my dad was almost time for the theoftornado when we saw some rainseventh clouds inning comingstretch and a when little bit lighting. sirens off.toWe out ofthe thewind stadium andtothe wind Whenwent we got thegot stadium started pick up.started We gottoin blow hard our we seats. ran for In the car itthe was 5:15 turned on and took about 5thabout inning withp.m. the We RedHawks our radio 5-2 in our ford pickup theygreen said there tornado winning I looked up andtruck I sawand some cloudswas so Iaasked my “why are the clouds turning green?” “there is a severe This dad is only some of the damages tornados cause. thunderstorm heading our way I think.” “oh okay”. Then about 20 minutes after that everything went calm there was no wind, breeze or anything then it started to hail then the wind started to pick up it was almost time for the seventh inning stretch when the tornado sirens went off. We got out of the stadium and the wind started to blow hard we ran for the car it was about 5:15 p.m. We turned on our radio in our ford pickup truck and they said there was a tornado

TORNADO F5F5TORNADO

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TORNADO DAMAGE

touched down near Oklahoma. Then we seen it, it was heading right toward us when....

An F3 tornado pounded with winds speeds of 150mph it picked up our truck and threw it into the trees. I woke up in the hospital room. I turned on the T.V. and turned on the channel 4 news.

They said it was an F5 tornado. One of the biggest tornado to hit Oklahoma. I looked around trying to find out where my dad was. A nurse came into the room and I asked her “where is my dad” she sniffled and said “ your dad is... gone”. I started to cry. I remember hitting the tree head on and seeing a piece of glass hitting [11]

him right in the head.

1.Tornadoes are violent vortexes of wind that are shaped like a funnel.

2.Tornadoes develop when low hot air and high cold air meet, it then causes a tornado.

3.The best way to predict a tornado is coming is mesocyclone(or super cells).

4.Tornado alley is from Texas all the way up to North Dakota because dry polar air from Canada meets the warm moist tropical air from the Gulf of Mexico

5.Tornadoes usually develop in the afternoon, the longer wavelengths of afternoon sunlight turn the bluish clouds green.

6.The Fujita scale is the measure of tornado size. There are six of them F0, F1, F2, F3, F4 and F5 being the worst.

14 years Later

I was with my team of tornado hunters, Nikola, Connor and Leelund. We were heading for Moore, Oklahoma to find a severe thunderstorm. When we got there we saw lightning, heard thunder and felt strong winds .

We drove about â…“ mile down the road from the storm and we saw a giant cloud starting to rotate.

When it touched down, it was an F4 tornado.

When it then picked up a house, Nikola started to take pictures. Connor and Leelund were recording it and I was memorizing the whole thing, remembering my dad and I in a tornado how my dad knew it was coming by the green clouds and then everything went calm.

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Then all of a sudden the winds started to pick up and the hail started to fall with heavy wind and rain. When I got out of the trance I remembered seeing the tornado coming from the southwest to northeast which they always usually do. The tornado was loud as freight train. Winds were an astounding 220mph. The tornado started to change directions. It was heading right toward us. It might be stronger than the tornado that hit us on May 3, 1999. “IT’S GETTING TO CLOSE WE HAVE TO GO!” said Leelund “HANG ON LET ME GET ONE MORE PICTURE!”said Nikola. “WE HAVE TO GO TO THE DITCH IT’S THE SAFEST PLACE TO GO WHEN THERE IS A TORNADO WHEN YOU'RE OUTSIDE!” said Leelund. We dove into the ditch. The tornado was right over us. It started to pick us up we grabbed one another. We were screaming. Finally it past us. We were by an elementary school. “Wheres are cars?’’ I asked. CRASH, it landed right by the school. We ran over to the school to see if everyone was okay. We got there and we saw a bunch of kids huddled in the closet with a teacher. We got everyone out and saved the kids and the teacher. When we got back to the headquarters in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma where we looked over what we had. We saw Nikola’s pictures.

Hundreds of trees from the carnegie smashed all over along with hundreds of houses, and trucks bent in half, thrown at least a mile. We watched the video Connor and Leelund recorded. It was astonishing. They were still recording it when we almost got sucked up by the F4 tornado. You could see us hanging on for dear life while the F4 tornado came roaring over us. I will never forget what happened with me and the two monster tornados.

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December 9, 2013

BLIZZARDS and monsoons

It was one cold morning in Lowell Indiana. The power went out then it came back on. Then I ran outside and I got on my sidewalk and slipped and fell in the snow. Then there was a car coming down my road and spun.It was really icy and was snowing really bad. The snow was already 2 ft deep!

Then I turned on the t.v. and it said there was a blizzard coveringIllinois and Indiana.

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By: Leelund Ingoglia

The blizzard is a severe snowstorm with high winds and low visibility and a lot of snow. They usually form in cold,damp, and fairly breezy climates. They form by cold air at the surface, lots of moisture and lift. Clouds that are present in a blizzard are Nimbostratus and Cumulus. The air masses needed are warm and cold. Like a tornado.Blizzards are dangerous because of the low visibility and the ice and snow.

Thats probably why the car crashed and I fell in the snow. It was also really cold. It was like 5 below zero plus wind chill. Wind chill is the felt air temperature on exposed skin due to wind. Then there was a ice storm warning. Then a ice storm hit us. A ice storm is a winter storm caused by freezing rain. Did you know there are different types of winter precipitation. Some types are rain, freezing rain, snow, and sleet. And they are all common in a blizzard. Some winter storms in different regions are flurries, snow showers, and nor'easter sleet.

In Indiana normally get’s lake effect snow. Lake effect snow is produced in the winter when cold winds move across low expanses of warmer lake water.Some ways to stay safe in a blizzard. If you are caught outside seek shelter. Some health conditions if you get caught outside are you can get frostbite, and you can get ill. If you are trapped inside with no electricity you should get blankets and maybe start a fire to keep warm.

Ways you can be prepared are buy food,blankets, fire wood,water,or if you can go on a vacation to someplace warm.

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JULY 2013

MONSOONS

BY LEELUND INGOGLIA

On wednesday July 22, 2013 my mom woke me up early in the morning and said “come on get up we are going to Arizona for a few days to visit some family”. So I hurried up and took a shower got ready and packed my suitcase and we left to go to the airport. So I was surprised we were going to Arizona.

Then me and my mom were talking and the all of the sudden just out of nowhere a couple cars ahead of us lost control and crashed. So there was a bit of a delay. We got to the airport and we almost missed our flight. So now we are on the plane and on our way there. Now we are there and it was raining. Then my uncle said “we under a monsoon warning”. I asked him “what is a monsoon?” He said it is defined as a wind system that influences large climate regions and reverses direction seasonally.Then he said “there is a North American [16] monsoon”. I asked “where do they occur?”

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He said “They occur in the southwest like Arizona,Mexico,and the Pacific Ocean�.

Then he said did you know they happen during tornado season so basically spring. And what causes the North American monsoon is a area of high pressure called the subtropical ridge that moves northward during the summer months and thermal low. The temperatures you need are only up to 55 degrees and a dew point of 55 degrees.

Also the humidity is 82.4%. Guess what? We get 11.8 to 25.6 inches of rain in one monsoon.and indiana gets 40 inches of rain or less in a year. So basically it might rain the whole time you are here. In Arizona they usually last from July- half of September. Also some dangers in monsoons are flash floods because of the rain, downburst winds, lightning, thunderstorms, and dust storms. some safety tips are to just to get to a safe spot. Also they affect our life in Arizona are they can start wildfires because the lightning.And also they can ruin our crops and houses because of all the rain.

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INDIANAS indiana’s weather formats !

And a couple brief stories are heading your way.

Weather

BY:Connor Haberlin

Type to enter text

WEATHER FORMATS Indiana has many different weather formats. In the summer it could be bright and sunny producing a dramatic amount of heat and the next day it can turn into a booming house creaking thunderstorm.In the winter it could be a little chilly so you just need to throw on a coat and walk out the door and the next day you might need to shovel your way out.

The average temperature in the

Indiana could get a powerful

winter is 42-32 and in the

amount of rain. I remember

summer 85-72. It could very

myself when i was a kid about 4

rarely hit the 100’s. The hottest

or 5 years ago it rained for 4

day was a powerful 107 degrees

days straight! One of the most

that would suck if your AC was

rain indiana's had at one time!

down. Indiana gets the most

Causing a dramatic flood with

rain in the month of april,Have

water rushing down the

you heard the saying april

backroads like a monsoon. We

showers brings may flowers?

had 3 days off of school, boy

Well thats where it comes from.

was i happy.

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Have you ever wondered how thunderstorms form?

Well when warm air rises the cold air begins to sink during the action they mix creating energy.With this energy storm clouds form.

INDIANA’S WEATHER BLIZZARDS

january the day of my birthday it

indiana could even get some

because the snow was building up

remains of a hurricane.Other than

fast and the roads were getting slick

thunderstorms Indiana has many

like butter. The next day i woke up

more weather formats such as

walked downstairs and opened my

blizzards.One of the biggest

back door. It was like a winter

blizzards forced in roughly 24in!

wonderland. I had 2 dogs and my

that's 2 feet of snow! Indiana gets a

mom let them out and you couldn't

lot of lake effect snow , lake effect

even see them you could rarely see

snow is when the cold winter breeze

their little bushy tail pop out but that

moves along the warmer water

was about it.It was crazy! So as you

creating energy.With this energy it

can tell indiana has many different

picks up the evaporation bringing it

weather formats

began. Everyone had to leave early

INDIANA

up and turning it into snow.

I remember a blizzard like this very clear to. It was in the month of

Example of a 7 day weather forecast

Different weather conditions

Fun fact: Indiana's weather usually comes from the west. pushing it closer to south west as the wind keeps up.

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[2]

General Weather

By: Nikola Muvceski & Connor Haberlin

Weather is all around us, just take a moment to realize how much of an impact weather makes in our daily lives. If it is a nice day outside and, it is warm and sunny people tend to be in a better mood and have better days. But if it is windy and rainy, people tend to not be so happy. The weather is an amazing,unpredictable part of our lives that we come to love and hate.

First we will talk about how the sun affects or influences our weather. You may think of only warmth that the sun gives us, but their are many more ways the sun affects earth's weather. For example, the water cycle forms rain and clouds, but the water cycle would not be able to take place in it wasn't for the sun! When the sun warms up the air it is known as a warm front, and when a warm front and a cold front meetup is when most natural disasters such as hurricanes occur. You may not know this but the up and down cycle of rising warm air and lowering cold air creates wind! When the sun warms up the water and it evaporates it becomes a cloud, and clouds bring us rain. Last but not least, the sun is a reason if why tornadoes are created because of warm air rapidly turning into cold air.

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General Weather continued..

The atmosphere also creates an impact on our country and our local weather. Most of the clouds you see in the sky are found in the troposphere, the closest layer of our atmosphere. Also we should be very thankful of our atmosphere because it is what traps all of the suns heat inside. Weather changes each day because the air in our atmosphere is always moving, distributing energy from the Sun. The gases in the atmosphere that help retain heat are called greenhouse gases. The greenhouse gases trap heat in our atmosphere instead of letting it escape into space. The bad effect of the greenhouse gasses is that With more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, more heat is absorbed and retained, causing global temperatures to rise. The amount of carbon dioxide in the air has gradually increased over the years which is a cause for global warming. The atmosphere also protects us from the direct effects of the Sun's radiation. You may not know it but the atmosphere is a great feature to our weather and without it life would be impossible.

The oceans also affect our weather. The oceans affect the weather form creating hurricanes and natural disasters to creating clouds which we depend on to survive. 97% of the water on earth is in the oceans. Without the oceans Indiana would be as dry as a dried up leaf. The oceans alter atmospheric conditions and the weather.

Without the oceans we would not have any rainwater. The oceans also distribute the suns heat throughout the world. When a warm front and a cold front meet up they create a hurricane and hurricanes as you know , do affect weather in Indiana. When a big hurricane goes inland it creates a stretch of storms which can travel across the country bringing wind and rain.

Weather is a natural thing that has been going on for millions of years and we can sometimes love it and we can sometimes hate it, [21] weather you like it or not it is needed for life and will always occur.

WEATHER 2013

June 2013

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Vacation tips, Tsunamis Lakes & Temperature