JANUARY 2015 • Vol. 21 No. 1
New York Society of Cosmetic Chemists
www.nyscc.org
Applications of Maleic Anhydride Chemistry in Skin Care, Biomedical Devices, and Transdermal Delivery. Part I. … by Roger L. McMullen
O
ver the last several decades there have been considerable advances in the use of maleic anhydride chemistry for applications related to the skin. First and foremost, it is an excellent bioadhesive agent. This is important for both the biomedical and personal care industries. It is an imperative component that helps to bind medical devices to the skin, including biosensors, and also serves as an aid in wound healing. In skin care, maleic anhydride polymers are used to remove unwanted debris from facial pores, especially those surrounding the nasal region, and as an aid to help reduce aluminum in antiperspirant formulations. Moreover, polymers based on maleic anhydride are used as transdermal delivery agents in both traditional systems and more innovative designs, such as microneedles. Maleated compounds also play important roles as emollients in skin care formulations and as delivery agents for active ingredients, such as vitamin C. In addition, polymers based on maleic anhydride are used as topical skin tightening agents and rheology modifiers in various types cosmetic formulations.
Bioadhesives The area of adhesives is a very broad field that finds applications in many different industries. In relation to the skin, adhesives are especially important in the medical device industry. Maleic anhydride polymers are used as bioadhesive agents in many applications including pressure sensitive tapes and tapes designed for surgical purposes, dermatological tape strips designed to remove keratotic material from skin, and wound healing. Pressure sensitive adhesives are the most common type of material utilized for application to skin. They adhere to the surface of skin by simply applying pressure to the tape while on top of the skin. The tape may contain several components, principally the adhesive resin, a tack agent, pigment, plasticizer, and antioxidant. Usually, these elements are incorporated on top of a backing material made of paper, plastic, or cloth. The plasticizer provides flexibility to the adhesive resin while antioxidants prevent accelerated aging of the adhesive due to exposure to solar radiation, heat, etc. Early work in bioadhesives for skin demonstrated the utility of maleic anhydride-based polymers in pressure sensitive medical and surgical tapes.1-3 In general, these materials were based on copolymers of maleic anhydride and vinyl ether. In particular, several advantages (Continued on page 4)
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