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Outlook The American University of Beirut

Jafet Library celebrates

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Robert Mood talks on peace

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Independent Student Publication Since 1949

2011 International Year of Chemistry

AUB’s first organic chemistry clicker competition Outlook Staff AUB’s very first organic undergraduate chemistry competition kicked of last Monday February 7 at the newly renovated Zaabri Science Lecture Hall (SLH) in light of UNESCO’s declaration of year 2011 as the International Year of Chemistry.

Chemistry Professor and chief organizer Bilal Kaafarani opened up the event remarking that the year 2011 has been designated by the United Nations General Assembly as the International Year of Chemistry (IYC 2011) and is a worldwide celebration of the achievements of chemistry and its contributions to the well-being of humankind.” Kaafarani then also highlighted year 2011 as the “one hundredth anniver-

sary of Marie Curie’s Nobel Prize in Chemistry, who was the first person to receive two Nobel Prizes.”

Kaafarani also acknowledged the competition scorekeepers (AUB Physics Chairperson Samih Isber, AUB Professor Jad Melki, LAU Professor Brigitte Wex and Chemistry graduate student Bushra Ajeeb and event sponsors (Acros/Medlife, Aldrich/Ibrahaddad, Alfamed, Baalabaki Group and Labotech) as well as AUB cosponsors (USFC and Faculty of Arts and Sciences Dean’s Office) followed by a moment of silence in honor of Emeritus Professor Costas Issidorides, who passed away on Nov 13, 2010 and had according to Kaafarani “served AUB and the department for some 35 years of distinction in teach-

ing, research and community service.”

Soon after, UNESCO Secretary General Salwa Baassiri was called to the podium where she highlighted the event’s contribution to “safeguarding human dignity and ensuring sustained development” in finding solutions to several pressing matters such as “renewable energy, global warming, nutrition, health, clean and recycled water and irrigation, as well as offering a platform for commemorating contributors to chemistry such as Madame curie,” as mentioned earlier by Kaafarani. In closing, Baassiri praised AUB’s celebration of IYC 2011 and of its engaging the Lebanese

(Photo by AUB Office of Communications)

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ACS hosts 8th annual LEBMUN conferences at AUB Rami Panayoti Staff Writer

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he American Community School (ACS) hosted its 8th Annual Lebanese Model United Nations (LEBMUN) forums in four independent conference rooms at West Hall, AUB over a period of two days starting Friday, February 11 and ending Saturday, February 12. Participants attended from local schools such as ACS based in Beirut, Jesus and Mary School based in Rabieh, Sagesse High School based in Ain Saadeh and Hariri High School based in Saida as well as Al-Ahliyya international school for girls based in JorCampus News Alumni New Entertainment Sports

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The Opening Ceremony was held at Bathish Auditorium in the West Hall on Friday, February 11 at 8:00 am where the keynote speaker was Ambassador Angelina Eichhorst, head delegate of the European Union to Lebanon. Mrs. Eichhorst answered many questions mainly related to the political problems taking place in the Middle East providing students with a model for how fair and reasonable diplomats handle complex issues. Shortly after, at 9:30 ACS MUN Secretary General Yasmine Hallab announced the opening of the LEBMUN’11 Conference.

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Students from the five schools were appointed as delegates and representatives of different countries.

The delegates were assigned into the four forums of the LEBMUN conference, these forums being The General Assembly, The Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC), The Security Council and The International Court of Justice (ICJ). Between the hours of 8 am and 5 pm, numerous debate sessions took place followed by a “lobbying and merging” session and a one-hour lunch break.

Each of the above forums assumed one President in

(Photo by Rami Diab)

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Campus News FAAH mindboggling performances

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Campus News FEA-SRC and CES ski trips at Faraya

Bliss Street, West Hall 208 Tel: 01 350 000 or 01 374 444 Ext.3193

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Alumni News WAAAUB second MENA regional meeting

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Jafet Library celebrates the successful implementation of 24/7 during reading and exam period This article was produced by the University Libraries’ Information Services Department

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or the first time in the history of any university in Lebanon and quite possibly the Arab world, AUB’s Jafet Library opened its doors 24 hours a day, seven days a week (24/7) during the fall reading and exam period. The goal was to provide students with a convenient, accessible and quiet reading environment that would facilitate their studying and research and help them do better in their finals.

“Several challenges were encountered to keep such a large facility operating around the clock. A major concern was to find enough staff members willing to work for twelve consecutive hours while getting minimal benefits in return. In the end, it was really thanks to the Circulation

Jackie Daoud Staff Writer

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he AUB Wellness Program hosted an ergonomics workshop, facilitated by the physical therapy department of the AUB Medical Center from the 17th to 22nd of January, which provided enriching general tips on how to avoid back and neck pain and how to improve your posture while going about your daily chores. Governments spend 10 billion dollars on average every year on injuries within the workplace since it has been found that healthier workers tend to be more attentive and productive in the workplace and that benefits the economy overall (Source?). Ergonomics defines a set of postures which minimize the forces acting on the body, however a serious challenge to conventional ergonomics thinking is that in order to put these recommendations into practice, one must be aware of their joint and muscle function-

Staff in Jafet Library and their dedication that we were able to provide this wonderful service to AUB students, and these staff members did it at a time when the political conditions were not at their best in the country” said the University Libraries Director, Dr. Lokman I. Meho.

According to Circulation Librarian, Ibrahim Farah, “remarkably, but not surprisingly, every day between January 21st and February 2nd, Jafet was occupied in full capacity (approximately 500 students) during regular hours (i.e., 8:00 am-12:00 am) and by 3:00 am there was still over 300 students studying there and over 100 by 5:00 am.”

“We faced minor incidents such as a student insisting on entering the library along with her cat and other students unintentionally breaking some chairs” stated Tony

Assaf, a library staff who was working on these night shifts. Hassan Fawwaz, another library staff expressed his astonishment at the high number of students who used this service and went on to say: “Regardless of our physical exhaustion, we were happy to provide this service that contributed to our students’ academic success. Students were expressing gratitude all the time for opening Jafet 24

ing to willingly change their posture. Having said this, we would have to derive new ways of observing our bodies in order to benefit from ergonomics research.

Physical ergonomics in particular is an important field, especially pertaining to those who suffer from ailments such as arthritis or carpal tunnel syndrome which are joint-related diseases in which minimizing unnecessary pressure is crucial. Within the field of physical ergonomics we have several sub disciplines, one of which is the well-renowned workplace ergonomics, concerned with the well-being of employees in the workplace.

Here we find that taking a proactive approach when applying ergonomics to the workplace, saves manufacturing industries billions of dollars worth of workers compensation, simply done by modifying equipment or environmental designs. In the more prevalent office ergonomics, the concern is more centered around seating and

lighting conditions.

Here we discover the importance of sitting with most of your body weight being transferred to the seat in order to avoid unwanted back pain. The key here is to exert as little pressure as possible on your lower back in order to avoid disc pressure, which is why adopting a seat with lumbar support and a backrest inclination of 120 degree is recommended. The issue with this is that workers may feel compelled to lean forward in order to complete their tasks which would defeat the purpose, so to minimize this problem, the alternative kneeling chair has been proposed. In addition to this, glare and ventilation are important factors to control in the office; glare being a common nuisance causing eyestrain and which can be traced back to monitors, windows and overhead lights. Finally poorly designed ventilation systems that directly “dump” air on employees can cause immense discomfort,

(Photo by Ahmad Itani - AUB Office of Communications)

hours.”

Senior Business student Nayla Mazloum said, “the library environment is conducive to studying, focusing, and productivity. Just like most American universities, this practice should have been in place long before.”

Senior Food Science and Management student Saria El Khazen said, “opening 24 hours provides us with an appropriate study environ-

Ergonomic morals of work life

ment, away from all political and social distractions, something that contributes to our success in the final exams.”

Given the popularity of the service, Dr. Meho promised to keep offering it to students every fall and spring semester. “AUB should be proud of this new service. After all, how many universities in the Middle East and the Arab world can claim that they open their libraries 24/7?”

Participants trying out the exemplary ergonomic office setups under the guidance of AUBMC Physical Therapist Charbel Rizk (Photo by Dina Mahmassani)

leading to stiffness and dry eyes, particularly for contact lens wearers. During warm seasons, recommended indoor temperatures should be between 20 and 23.5◦C whereas during colder seasons a 23-26◦C range should be maintained.

Mucoskeletal disorders and cumulative trauma disorders are common among those who maintain a poor posture; the former condition

ranging from general aches and burning sensations to more serious long term damage which limits movement of the shoulder, neck or back and the latter being the result of repeated injuries through misappropriate use of a body part. The ergonomic moral to remember here is it is not so much about reducing pressure as it is about putting pressure in the right places.

Feb 16, 2011

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Performance art at AUB: A Rebirth Nada Al-Maghlouth Office of Communications

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reaking the silence of a gray late afternoon in January outside Nicely Hall was the echoing crow of a rooster. No ordinary rooster--the sound came from a Fine Arts and Art History student in yet another performance in the continuing stream of performance art pieces that began a year ago with the arrival of Visiting Whittlesey Assistant Professor Cornelia Krafft.

The students’ engagement has never been stronger. Performance art once again revitalizes AUB. The performance and design exhibitions, which took place on January 19, 2011, represented the final student projects in two courses taught by Professor Krafft: FAAH 274, Design in the Theater and FAAH 286, Performance Art. In the presentation entitled Cloud Cuckoo Land, the performers, transcending the vi-

tal spirit of the bird, presented, in a dynamic setting, the conceptualization of rebirth, balance, and recreation.

A man as a rooster and a flock of chicks had curious students gathering around, captivated by a crowing rooster in place of a rising curtain; the few observers quickly multiplied. A balancing act over an aluminum ladder, a giant paper egg hatching a derailed bird/woman, words of precision claiming life but a question of balance--all reflected Krafft’s contemporary style.

The captivated audience followed the moving performance to West Hall where a series of seven presentations began. An enraged caged woman in the first performance entitled “Sometimes a Parrot Talks” led into a crescendo of psychosis, metamorphoses, and a final breakthrough and rebirth in the following sequences. The final presentation included installations, stage design, and

(Photo by Ahmad Itani - AUB Office of Communications)

film projections. In keeping with the underlying “bird” theme, the installations included “Stage Adaptations of Alfred Hitchcock’s Birds,” “Stage design for Igor Stravinsky’s ‘Firebird’ ballet,” and “Costume Design for a Lebanese Phoenix” by Tamara Suleiman.

Throughout the performances the daring and innovative costumes struck the observers: chicks dressed

in black, stuffed brassieres on their backs, white plastic bowls on their heads, and rubber gloves on their feet; a man covered in thumbtacks, a woman in swirling white bridal tulle. Movement was equally inventive and captivating as young women “flew” off ladders, struggled up the main West Hall stair case, and danced from an amazing crouched position.

Most notable was the

mourning for Hamra’s Piccadilly Theater, which burned in 2000--”Beirut’s Phoenix.” The theater was one of Beirut’s grandest before it closed down, leaving behind a “titanic” loss. A book was available to the public for commentary about possible reconstruction. In their own way, Krafft and her students recreated Piccadilly in their installations, resonating the message of hope and rebirth.

Public displays of affection on campus What changed?

Nour Jane Kachicho Special to Outlook

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professor at the American University of Beirut (AUB) caught sight of a couple having sex in broad daylight. ‘‘ I was embarrassed, and so I did nothing,’’ he said.

Acts of public displays of affection (PDAs), such as holding hands, hugging, kissing, and, in rare cases, having sex, are becoming increasingly common on the AUB campus, and have grown to be less stigmatized over the years.

In the past there were handbooks instead of the ID cards students carry today, according to Professor Nabil Dajani, chair of AUB’s social and behavioral sciences department, as well as longtime AUB sociology profes-

sor Samir Khalaf, who is the director of the Center for Behavioral Research at AUB. The handbook consisted of the rules at AUB and would be confiscated if a couple were holding hands, for example. It could then be retrieved from the dean of Student Affairs after students would provide a valid explanation and excuse. ‘‘PDAs were not condoned on campus,’’ added Dajani. ‘‘Nowadays, students behave like cats and dogs,’’ he said, adding that they follow their instincts, disregarding the Lebanese culture and tradition of which they are a part of.

But not so long ago, PDAs were not as tolerated as they are today. Kristina Zouein,

29, a 2004 graduate from AUB in business, recalls that in spring 2003, she had been sitting on her boyfriend’s laps on a bench overshadowed by the trees, when a security guard scolded them and demanded their IDs. ‘‘He said that he would report this case,’’ she recounted.

Something changed between 2003 and 2009. An AUB student, who requested anonymity as she had breached university rules regarding intimate behavior in public, tells of the time she engaged in sex on campus She and her boyfriend, were walking in the forest on campus at around 11 p.m. in fall 2009 when they decided to do something, ‘‘spontaneous and daring.’’ They were un-

dressed, when a noise forced them to stop. Carrying their clothes in their arms, they disappeared for fear of getting caught.

Peer pressure is a factor that Khalaf believes to be a reason for the increase in PDAs. ‘‘Expressing sexual intimacy is like holding a cigarette,’’ he said.

AUB Dean of Student Affairs Talal Nizameddin said that if a security guard catches a couple ‘in the act’ on campus, ‘‘the first thing to look for is the power relation.’’ This is to say that the first thing the guard should look for is whether the act was consensual or forced, whether the girl had been pressured for example.

Students caught having

sex on campus will receive a dean’s warning or even be suspended, said Nizameddin. This is done both to comply with AUB and Lebanese laws but also to maintain AUB’s image, he added.

Nizameddin said that in the 1970s and 1980s, because of political instability, AUB’s policies had to be stricter, which meant that PDAs were much more condemned than they are today. In the mid-to late 1990s, Nizameddin recalls more tolerance towards PDAs, such as hugging, and holding hands.

This article was written for the course SOAN 205 titled “Basic news writing.”

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campus news

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2011 International Year of Chemistry

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National Commission in the process.

The organic chemistry competition comprised a total of 18 multiple-choice questions of 4-6 possible answers posed over 41 competing teams constituting two students each.

The teams had registered from several local Lebanese universities apart from AUB including Lebanese University (LU), the Lebanese American University (LAU), University of Balamand, Beirut Arab University (BAU), and Hariri Canadian University (HCU).

As the competition began tension sparked amongst contestants who instantly took to registering their answers at dumbfounding speeds ranging from anywhere between half a second and 20 seconds. Team 7 contestant and current Biology Student Society (BSS) President, Ali Haidar was quoted in this regard saying “I thought the scoring system needed improvement. Hasty answers were extremely fruitful for some groups and helped them rank highly on individual questions. However, I do

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addition to at least one deputy president. Having been appointed by LEBMUN Director Mrs. Rima Zein, these representatives headed the forums and were the people in charge of successively conducting and imitating each section of the United Nations.

As stated by the LEBMUN handbook: The General Assembly “is a deliberative organ of the United Nations. It is the largest…and its resolutions represent the recommendations of the majority of the world’s nations.” The topics hosted by the LEBMUN’11 General Assembly were the nuclear situation in the Middle East and the status of child soldiers in the Geneva Convention.

think that the eventual winners proved themselves worthy beyond random guesses as they ranked in the top five [responders] in almost all the questions.” Competition contestant and major student volunteer Khalil Chahine also commented on this point saying, “the response times were sometimes supersonic, but that gave the event some sort of humorous twist.

Recall how by the time Dr. Kaafarani had finished reading one question, most teams had already answered and eventually we all starred and started laughing… despite this speed of light phenomenon, as you are well aware the winners were not random teams; they were distinguished students in their respective universities.”

For each question a slide of the five fastest responders were generated on the overhead projector awarding 50, 40, 30, 20 and 10 points to the first, second, third, fourth and fifth fastest responders respectively. The contest’s suspense climaxed near its end when two pairs of teams Team 24 and Team 42, and Team 13 and Team 32 were tied with a total of 160 and

180 points respectively. The ties were resolved by two sepaVrate final “sudden death” questions where Wassim Itani (Hariri Canadian University) and Salma Yassine (AUB) of Team 42 were declared third place $300 prize winners and all three of Tarek Barbar (AUB) and Ziad Al-Adas (AUB) of Team 32 and Jad Abdul Samad of Team 13 were collectively declared first place $900 prize winners (as both teams answered the final question incorrectly). All monetary prizes were equally divided amongst the winners and Kaafarani announced that Jad Abdul Samad was exceptionally allowed to carry on alone with the competition

by Kaafarani’s order due to an emergency forbidding his partner from joining.

Shortly after the competition reached its end, an animated laser light show swept the crowd accompanied by loud, pulsating music that revitalized the arena only minutes away from what was to become the biggest highlight of the night. Kaafarani had arranged for a short video briefly touching on Chemistry Professor Makhlouf

Haddadin’s history at AUB in light of his 75th birthday followed by a broadcast of a short interview conducted with Haddadin by Outlook, AUB’s official Newspaper, only weeks before. After the screening, Haddadin, dumbstruck by the unexpected honorary devotion planned for him, was called to the podium to receive his lifetime achievement award. President Dorman then shared a few praiseworthy words regarding Haddadin’s esteemed history at AUB praising his firm and secure grasp of the university as often, Acting Deputy President at AUB during the Lebanese Civil War. Haddadin also held the posts of Chair of the Chemistry Department, Acting Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences (FAS) and Vice President for Academic Affairs.

President Dorman went on to commemorate Haddadin on his research achievements especially on what is now known in the chemical literature as the “Beirut Reaction” (45 patents in 25 countries) which, according to Dorman, has been marketed by Pfizer as an anti-bacterial agent and is currently under study

for use as an anti-cancer medicament. Then stepped up Chemistry Chairperson Mazen Ghoul who, in reflecting on Haddadin’s vast and rich history at AUB, also humorously touched base on his own university years as Haddadin’s former student bringing the audience to laughter.

Thanking President Dorman and Professor Ghoul for their kind words, and Kaafarani for his “marvellous service to Lebanon and AUB on the international level,” Haddadin ended his speech with a strong declaration, “long live Lebanon and long live AUB” and the hall was ushered outside where a generously furnished reception and an accompanying DJ sat waiting.

Two cakes were then cut, one honoring Haddadin’s 75th birthday and the other honoring of the IYC 2011.

In reflection, Kaafarani projected his sincerest appreciation to his student volunteers namely Khalil Chahine, Rami Diab, Khaled Ghattass, Alaa Hajj Hassan, Nourhan Houjeij, Rebecca Andraos, Nada Sadek, Ryan El-Sibai and Michel Skaf without whom he claims, the event would not have been possible.

The ECOSOC “serves as the central forum for discussing international economic and social issues…It is responsible for promoting higher standards of living, full employment…” Its main topics were America’s Embargo of Cuba and Incorporating Indigenous People into Society and the Global Mainstream while allowing them to preserve their cultures. The Security Council, in short, “is one of the principal organs of the United Nations charged with the maintenance of international peace and security.” Topics discussed included reformation of UN policy towards the Burmese military Junta, addressing the situation in Afghanistan (the presence of NATO and/or Al Qaeda and the importance of UN peacekeeping in the region) and the Issue of re-

sponding to threats caused by non-state actors.

The fourth and last forum, the ICJ, “is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations…The Court’s role is to settle, in accordance with international law, legal disputes submitted to it by States and to give advisory opinions on legal questions referred to it by authorized United Nations organs and specialized agencies.” Its main topic, in short, was Armenia vs. Turkey.The two day conferences ended with a modest reception at Bathish Auditorium, West Hall, where Daily Star keynote speaker Nadim Ladki commemorated this year’s LEBMUN’11 convention on all their dedication and commitment and, in conjunction with Zein, the presidents and Deputy Chairs of each council – Zeyd Tabbara, Ta-

lal Itani, and Shezza Dallal (General Assembly); Thomas Hewitt and Reem Chamseddine (The Security Council; Daniel Naim and Tanisha Singh (International Court of Justice), Lara Shabb and Sebastian Shehadeh (Economic and Social Council) - as well as the ACS MUN Secretary General Yasmine Hallab and the Deputy Secretary General Themis Elian, awarded Best Delegate and Most Diplomatic certificates to two deserving participants of The General Assembly – Best Delegate: Alice Hewitt (ACS) and Most Diplomatic Delegate: Tatiana Saba (Jesus and Mary School), ECOSOC - Best Delegate: Anna Eid (Sagesse High School) and Most Diplomatic Delegate: Fatimah Hijjawi (ACS) and The Security Council – Best Delegate: Hisham Hijjawi

(ACS) and Most Diplomatic Delegate: Rana Asmar (Sagesse High School). Regarding participants of the ICJ on the other hand, two deserving students were awarded certificates as Best Advocate: Jameel Showail (ACS) and Best Judge: Benson May (ACS). All participants including advisors were also awarded personalized certificates of participation. In reflecting on the success of the forums, Zein voiced her hopes of expanding LEBMUN on an international scale in the future instead of remaining local and regional. The main obstacle as to achieving this transition she said was the political situation in Lebanon that prompted major problems when dealing with international schools. Zein ended saying that “AUB is always ready and here for us.”

LEBMUN conferences at AUB

Feb 16, 2011

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Campus News Civil Engineering Society Second annual ski trip

Christopher Sassine

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his year the Civil Engineering Society (CES) organized its annual ski trip on February 7 and 8 at Faraya’s Mount Smash Hotel. The event included students from different majors and universities as the CES maintained its reputation as a united society.

The students enjoyed each other’s company as they spent an amusing time dining at Erzaal restaurant, prompting members of nearby ski trips to join in on the fun. Afterwards, the students headed back to the hotel to enjoy an exclusive stand-up comedy show by Nemr Abou Nassar who commented shortly after, “you guys were great,

the atmosphere was wonderful and I hope that you continue planning such events that enhance university student life and promote unity free of politics and religion.”

Abou Nassar then chose to spend some time with the students as he listened to other people’s jokes and a party followed the comedy show that got the attendees dancing for the next few hours.

The students then gathered altogether in a friendly atmosphere and started singing songs of their own before heading to bed. They woke up the next morning, had breakfast at the hotel and then headed directly to the slopes to enjoy a whole day of skiing. CES Public Relations Officer Marwan Sarieddine, de-

(Photo courtesy of Marwan Sarieddine)

scribed the experience as “a great event that united students from different faculties and universities [that] ended with smiles on everyone’s faces.”

Due to the huge success of this year’s event, the CES

seems quite likely to continue its tradition of organizing its annual ski trip the following year. More CES events currently on the way include the CES’s annual Spring Dinner, the CES traditional AUB Outdoors stand and the

CES Gala Dinner, as well as many other educational and social events.

Christopher Sassine is the CES ‘s Secretary

Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Ski trip lifts spirits after finals

Emile Zankoul Staff Writer

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he stress! The reading period! The finals! The exhaustion! That was the dominating mood during the last two weeks of the Fall 10-11 semester. A break was desperately needed and what better a way to spend the winter-break than a trip to Faraya? This is why, the FEA-SRC organized its first ski trip, for which the primary purpose was to provide an enjoyable spring break to the AUBites and to collect a sum of money that is going to be used later to renovate the Bechtel Lounge. It was planned to take place on January 3 and 4, as soon as the finals were done, but due to the weather conditions it was postponed till January 7 and 8. Monday, January 7, around 100 AUBites gathered in front of AUB’s Charles Hostler center at 3:00 pm.

The students were mostly engineering students, although

a good number of the attendees were from other faculties.

Two Pullmans departed from AUB and stopped at Spinneys Dbayeh to pick up the students to whom Dbayeh was a more geographically convenient stop. Then the Pullmans continued directly to “San Giorgio,” the four-star hotel located in Kfardebian.

Everyone checked in and got their rooms, each room accommodating two to four students. After settling down, the students sat in the hotel’s lounge enjoying the beautiful winter mood. At around 7:00 pm, it was time for everyone to get ready for the awaited evening. Once ready, the AUBites walked to the “Mn Turathina” restaurant that is located right next to the hotel. The evening started with a traditional Lebanese dinner with “Mezza,” “Tabboule” and “Machewe.” The students took their time to eat well, chat and take pictures.

After having eaten well enough, it was time to turn

(Photo by Emile Zankoul)

that calm mood into a fiery party as the students danced till 1:30 AM under a variety of English and Arabic songs.

Following the party, the attendees went back to their rooms preparing themselves for the coming ski day. Tuesday January 8, the AUBites woke up at 7:00 am and had breakfast in the hotel half an hour later. This is when skiing-time finally arrived. The students packed their bags, checked-out from the hotel and took the two Pullmans

to the slopes. The required equipment was then rented, whether it was the skis or the snowboards. Everyone then spent the day skiing and snowboarding till 3:30 pm. Once done, the equipment was returned, the trip had ended and the buses took the students back to AUB where they all arrived safely with unforgettable memories to keep for their 2011 spring break. Lama Atallah, second year Mechanical Engineering student, who at-

tended the trip said, “It really was an amazing trip! I had such a great time. The timing was also very convenient because we really needed such an occasion to let off steam after the exhausting finals!

I’d like to thank the FEASRC for their continuous effort and events!” The FEA ski trip was yet another FEASRC successful event.

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Campus News

Feb 16, 2011

English standards at AUB under question Tracy Dariane Contributing Writer

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tudents and instructors at the American University of Beirut (AUB) question the material given in two required English courses (English 203 and English 204).

Dr. Jad Melki, Assistant Professor of Journalism and Media, is one among the professors at AUB who face problems with the writing of their students. He said, “There are multiple students who have finished their English requirements and can’t put sentences together.”

Students are also suffering due to their weak writing skills. In a poll carried out throughout the week of November 24, 35 out of 105 students reported to still face

difficulties despite their completion of the required English courses.

In a poll carried out throughout the weeks of November 8 and November 15, out of 120 students asked, 80, after having taken English 203 and/ or 204, have felt no improvement vis-à-vis their abilities in reading, writing, and speaking.

Dr. Melki points out the relevance that should be given to the basics. “Grammar deals with structure, how could someone master the craft of putting words into a paragraph without that?”

Ms. Rula Baalbalki, head of communication skills at the English department of AUB, explains that grammar isn’t

the main focus. She adds that writing isn’t “finite” and that even the most advanced writers make grammar mistakes.

Tarek Abu Hussein, a tutor at the English Writing Center at AUB, points out that the main problems students face are their hesitation to take a proper stand. He also adds as recurring mistakes, paragraph inconsistency and obscure clarity and cohesion.

Baalbaki said that students are the ones who should handle their own future. She points out that the outcome of a course is in the hands of the students;“it depends on the students, if they come to learn a tool, then they will.”

She also adds that the dy-

namism in a class is in the hands of both the teachers and the students.

Ms. Sarah Mallat, a tutor at the English Writing Center at AUB explained how the Provost of the University started a new initiative because students were not good enough with English. Twelve writing intensive courses were implemented due to the fact that students who reach their graduate level have weak writing skills.

Dr. Melki is teaching one of the courses (Digital Media Literacy) that the Provost put as a writing intensive course. “The basic skill related to Media is writing, if you can’t write then you can’t be in this field.”

Mallat explained that the issue revolving around students’ intermediate English was also due to the fact that after taking the two English courses, they don’t continue writing. She pointed out that the problem was that most courses do not require “anything critical, nor writing; just multiple choice. They [students] are connected to the world, they deal with multinational people so they must be able to communicate and do so convincingly.”

This article was written for the course SOAN 205 titled “Basic news writing.”

Top UN peacekeeper

Dialogue and education keys to permanent peace in the region Maya Sfeir News Executive

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ialogue and education are more powerful than military forces in peacekeeping operations, said the head of the UN’s peacekeeping operation in the Middle East during a seminar held at AUB on January 18, 2011.

“The way to sustainable peace and development goes through the brains, hearts, and stomachs of children,” said General Robert Mood, in reference to the role of education in the peace process.

Referring to AUB, he added: “[Sustainable peace] is created through educational institutions like this one.”

Organized by the Issam Fares Institute for Public Policy and International Affairs (IFI), the seminar was entitled “Supervising a Temporary Truce, Working for a Permanent Peace: UNTSO’s Ongoing Mission in the Middle East.”

Serving as the Head of Mis-

sion and Chief of Staff of the United Nations Truce Supervising Organization (UNTSO) since February 2009, Mood has had more than 33 years of expertise in the military. Before his engagement with UNTSO, he was the Chief of Staff of the Norwegian Army.

Despite his military training, Mood is reserved about the military’s ability for solving conflicts. “I submit that military means are very limited options and rarely produce the desired political context,” he said.

“The military is one [tool], but it is not the only tool in the political box,” Mood said, accentuating the role of “humanistic tools” and “dialogue” as more successful ways to solve conflicts.

The seminar, which was introduced by Karim Makdisi, IFI associate director and assistant professor of political studies at AUB, was attended by students, faculty, and diplomats, including Marta Hladikova, the deputy head

of mission at the Embassy of the Czech Republic in Beirut, and Lieutenant Zhang Hui, the secretary to the military attache at the Embassy of the People’s Republic of China in Lebanon.

Mood had started his presentation by overviewing the history of UNTSO since 1947. He referred to the Palestinian-Israeli conflict as the main cause for the deployment of UNTSO in June 1948 following the UN Security Council Resolution 50 (UNSC 50).

Since that time, UNTSO has been engaged in peacekeeping efforts in the region.

Today, UNTSO’s 153 observers from 22 different nations monitor ceasefires and assist the different parties in applying armistice agreements in each of Palestine, Egypt, Jordan, Syria and Lebanon.

While traditional military success depends on how many persons a soldier kills, or how many villages he liberates, with the UN, it is quite the opposite, Mood ex-

Head of Mission and NATO Chief of Staff, Robert Mood (Photo by Ahmad Itani - AUB Office of Communications) plained. “With the UN, you do not impose anything. You keep the diplomatic process going. You consent to assist and contribute to the stability whether it takes one week, one month or 62 years,” he said.

Mood, who had engaged the audience for an hour, was bombarded with dozens of challenging questions concerning the role of UNTSO in peacekeeping efforts in the region. For instance, IFI Director Rami Khou-

ri asked Mood about what he called the UN’s “different faces” in the region, and how the UN relates to different parties in different ways.

“The UN could be criticized for its role,” Mood responded.

“But we are becoming better.

I meet young and senior dedicated UN employees, and they make a difference every day.”

Adopted from the AUB Office of Communications.

Feb 16, 2011

Outlook

7

Alumni News

Young alumni and career prospects: Building a better path to a brighter future On March 11, the Worldwide Alumni Association of the American University of Beirut (WAAAUB) and AUB is organizing a session focused specifically on “Young alumni and career prospects: Building a better path to a brighter future.” Our goal is to bring AUB alumni and students together with business leaders and entrepreneurs in Lebanon and the MENA region to explore innovative ways to create employment opportunities for young AUB alumni today and in the future.

We have invited several speakers working in business and entrepreneurship in the region to participate in this event along with AUB faculty members and administrators.

For more information on the event visit: https://e-surveys.aub.edu.lb/menaregional/

AUB alumni speakers

Elie Nasr (BE ‘03) is cofounder of FOO, which is a leading mobile app development firm in the MENA region that he established with Ghady Rayess (BE ’03) in 2009. Immediately after graduating from AUB, he joined BMW Financial Services in Munich where he worked as a project lead for four years. Nasr then became a consultant and joined Accenture for two years working with leading worldwide operators like Vodafone. Since returning to Lebanon in 2009 and co-founding FOO, Nasr has been working on different ventures in the mobile app space.

Rana El Chemaitelly (BE ’93, ME ’08) is the founder of “The Little Engineer, Lebanon.” Launched in 2009, it is a Beirut-based program that uses proven hands-on learning activities to educate children and maximize their potential in science, technology, engineering, and mathemat-

ics. The Little Engineer provides after-school activities that supplement the traditional learning environment related to robotics, renewable energies, and innovation. El Chemaitelly, who has been recognized as one of MENA’s most promising entrepreneurs, was awarded $50,000 in start-up capital by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) for The Little Engineer. She now teaches at AUB.

Tarek Dajani (BE ’98) Initially trained as an architect, he branched out into the new media domain and founded Cleartag in 1999. Later went on to earn a Master of Engineering degree, with a focus on information technology from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and is currently a System Design and Management (SDM) Fellow at MIT. Tarek also taught the Interactive Media course at the Department of Architecture and Graphic Design at the American University of Beirut. In 10 years Cleartag grew to become a leading digital agency within the Middle East and is very active in research, development and consultancy on emerging media, social media and new patterns of digital citizenry. Currently hold the position of CEO of Cleartag and Tagventures Holding (holding company for Cleartag, Taglogic, Taglogic RFID and Tagbrands).

Rana Ghandour Salhab (BS ‘83, MBA ‘85) has regional responsibility for talent management and communications for 16 countries and 25 offices for Deloitte, which has been recognized

by Hewitt Associates as one of the top 10 employers in the Middle East. In 2007, the ME firm was presented with the

Deloitte EMEA HR Award for Business Partnering; in 2008, Salhab was selected to receive the Deloitte ME Partner Excellence Award for Branding and Eminence.

In addition to more than 20 years of experience in human resources management, Salhab also has expertise in learning, diversity, corporate responsibility, brand management, and communications. Prior to joining Deloitte, Salhab was HR director of the “Growing Economies” region (Russia, Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), Central Europe, Balkans, and the Middle East) and a director in the EMEIA (Europe, Middle East, India, and Africa) regional manage-

ment team in a global professional services firm. During her career, she has provided consulting services in human capital strategy and management to a variety of multinational, regional, and leading local companies in the Middle East. Salhab is also a member of a number of global Deloitte leadership groups including the Global Talent Council; the Global Marketing, Business Development and Communications Advisory Council; and the global women’s GROW Council that works on setting strategies to attract, retain, and advance women to leadership in all Deloitte practices worldwide.

WAAAUB second MENA regional meeting

8

N

Outlook

entertainment

Book Review

ada Awar Jarrar’s A Good Land attempts to re-present the same stylistic and narrative characteristic that ensured the success of her first novel Somewhere, Home with an added spatial and chronological dimension. As such, Jarrar’s ambitions enable her to create an entertaining and enthralling plot although her novel easily lends itself to interpretation.

Consisting of six parts narrated from different points of view, the book revolves around Layla, an exile who returns to Lebanon after a long absence to flee the civil war. As Layla relates the details of her life following the assassination of former Lebanese Prime Minister Rafik Hariri, readers are drawn into her world: her friendship with Margo and Fouad, her love for Kamal and her work as an instructor at AUB. Despite its straightforwardness, A Good Land remains highly commendable since Jarrar does not merely use political events, which include the 2006 Israeli war, as a mere backdrop to her novel. Her novel voices a political

A Good Land

by Nada Awar Jarrar

Feb 16, 2011

Maya Sfeir

stand which nonetheless remains covert.

The opening paragraph of the novel reflects the simplicity, richness and sentimentalism of Jarrar’s style: Beirut is the city of dreams, at once magnificent and fragile, filled with instances of grace, ephemeral pockets of loveliness that can overwhelm even courageous hearts.

There is colour here and brilliance, the hum of movement and its attending sounds; there are buried sorrows and there is transcending joy; and everywhere, flowing through the intricate, complex layers that are people and places, breathes unrestrained life.

Nevertheless, throughout the novel, Jarrar’s sentimentality is exaggerated and her narrative technique becomes so explicit to the extent that she seems to undermine the reader’s intelligence. Yet, despite some of the shortcomings of her third book, she succeeds in narrating a touching and genuine account of war, pain, loss and the hope that remains.

(Photo from Amazon.com)

Suduko

Feb 16, 2011

Outlook

9

Sports Sports profiles

Andrea Paoli: Taekwondo bronze medal holder, Asian Games in Guangzhou, China, November 18, 2010.

Avo Moumjoghlian: Lebanese Single Junior, Double Junior and Double Men’s Championship winner in Table Tennis, 2010. (For more details: www.avomoumjoghlian.com)

AUB departments (staff and faculty members) play for health: Basketball, football and volleyball Meet the volleyball teams

Volleyball scoreboard: Tournament over

“The Axis of Science”

“Professors Gone Wild”

First place: Security Police → Won 3 sets & scored 119 points

1. Noel Ghanem - Biology 2. Nadine Darwish - Biology 3. Rola Khatib – FHS 4. Ibrahim Farah – Library 5. Houssam el-Rassy – Chemistry 6. Wissam Ghadban - AUH 7. Kimberly Ventresca - Architecture 8. Tarek Ghaddar – Chemistry 9. Bilal Kaafarani – Chemistry 10. Kassem Kassak – FHS 11. Barbara Liermann --

1. Krzysztof Fleszar - Business 2. Walid Safar – Business 3. Ali Yassine – Engineering 4. Wasim Masri – Engineering 5. Mariette Awad – Engineering 6. Fadi Karameh – Engineering 7. Faek Jamali – AUH 8. Eveline Hitti – AUH 9. Youssef Mouneimne – CRS Lab 10. Arne Dietrich – Psychology 11. Jad Melki – Media Studies

Third place: Axis of Science → Won 2 sets & scored 91 points

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

Mohamad Hassan Fadi Breish Hussein Hussein Paul Challita Mounir Hamed Said Akel

Friday Monday:

Basketball scoreboard: Tournament in progress Comptroller vs. Protection place → 40 pts to 46 pts respectively OSB vs. FHS → 32 pts to 41 pts respectively AUB Facilities vs. Surgery → 41 pts to 37 pts respectively Facilities vs. Comptroller → 37 pts to 19 pts respectively OSB vs. Protection → 48 pts to 54 pts respectively

Mini-football scoreboard: Tournament in progress Friday Monday:

“Secret Police”

Second place: Professors Gone Wild → Won 2 sets & scored 110 points

Mosaic vs. Material place → 0 goals to 2 goals respectively Radiology vs. FEA → 4 goals to 1 goal respectively Development vs. Protection → 0 goals to 1 goal respectively Material vs. Radiology → 2 goals to 0 goals respectively Development vs. AUB Facilities → 0 goals to 6 goals respectively

Outlook

10

Opinion

Viewpoint

Opinion

Outlook to take on the spring semester

Rami Diab Editor-in-Chief

W

hat you hold in your hands is the product of much study; do not underestimate it. The indispensable efforts of all of Outlook’s vast staff have paved the way for and made possible this dynamic enterprise you hold before you.

And who is this marvelous group of people we speak of?

Oh just about the finest and most distinguished lot of writers, photographers, editors, proof readers and business and logistics managers AUB has to offer.

With the new semester kicking in, our fellow Outlookers have made way for yet another daring feat, or a series of daring feats I should say. Here’s just a taste of what the spring semester could hold for Outlook’s future: First off, tweaking our newspaper layout, which, I imagine you fervent readers of Outlook have already taken notice of.

Modifying and possibly reordering the blue boxes distributed around campus carrying our weekly newspapers to read “Outlook” thereby eliminating any doubts concerning their purpose and making them look more presentable.

Digitizing all of Outlook’s volumes since 1949 and placing them online, accessible at the click of a button at the URL, www.aub.

Feb 16, 2011

edu.lb/outlook. Just imagine, teaming thousands of nostalgic alumni can now take a stroll down memory lane as they relive their early university years!

Placing our topic lists online, viewable on the same URL mentioned earlier were curious students and staff can instantly know what the topics currently being covered by Outlook for the following weeks.

As has been made apparent, Outlook is currently investing more than its fair share of time &energy in new and revolutionary projects. Our dearest thanks go out to our fellow readers and their unyielding support. If you’d like to be part of the success story, if you’re considering joining what has become possibly the most remarkable and awe-inspiring student based task force this university has yet seen; go ahead and give it a try, your efforts will not be in vain.

Wannabe Frenchies

Anis Kadado Staff Writer

F

rench rule over Lebanon post World War I until the end of the Second World War, left Lebanon a mixed legacy. During the mandate period, the French authorities introduced their own educational system which is still in use today. The ruling period left Lebanon as a Francophone country where many schools, businesses and homes used French as a first language. On a smaller scale, AUB is home to a large number of students coming from schools following the French educational system. Naturally, these students speak French with each

other, most of the time (if not all of the time), and when spoken to they tend to throw in French words here and there, directly implicating their “Frenchy” background. Realizing that the “Frenchies” naturally and unconsciously speak in a super fast way and throw in French words (when speaking English or Arabic), I came to understand that it’s simply their language at home and wherever they are.

What I did not understand (and still do not understand) are those that have never spoken French in their lives and strive to do so by throwing in “ca va?” or “oui, toi” or “yii quoi?” every now and then as they speak. When asked why they do so, some simply said that “it’s a classy language.” Others claimed that they have been hanging around French speaking people, and some did not even realize that they just spoke French. Recently, I heard a good friend say “bonjour” before starting off a sentence with a stranger, and it left

me puzzled seeing that it was probably his first time using a French word. He told me that he uses it because everybody understands what he means and it’s a more modern way of saying “good-morning” rather than using Lebanese slang “saba7o.” Probably, it’s simply due to the fact that “oui,” “je sais” and “je jure” are easy to use words and everybody understands them, or maybe the more languages a person knows the more impressive he or she is. Whatever the real reasons are, I personally do not understand the necessity of using another language to impress others or become “classy,” when there is a perfectly sensible way of speaking in any other language. But then again, before criticizing the “Wannabe Frenchies,” a person right around the corner is probably going to end up telling me “ciao,” and it all sums up to the Lebanese way of using many languages in one sentence, as was the joke: “Maître, fatoura please.”

Opinion

Tips to deal with multiple choice questions Sarah Al Dirani Staff Writer

S

tudying for a multiple choice exam requires a special method of preparation distinctly different from an essay exam. Multiple choice exams ask students to recognize a correct answer among a set of options that include 3 or 4 wrong answers, rather than asking the student to produce a correct answer entirely from his/her own mind. Moreover, sometimes, multiple-choice exams seem to be more challenging than essay exams, but you can perform very well in them if you understand how to deal and study for these types of exams.

To prepare for a multiple

choice exam, consider the following steps: Begin studying early: Multiple choice exams tend to focus on details, and you cannot retain many details effectively in short-term memory.

If you learn a little bit each day and allow plenty of time for repeated reviews, you will build a much more reliable long-term memory.

While answering multiple choice questions: Read the question carefully and think of an answer before you see your choices. Read the choices to see if your answer is there. If so, don’t stop reading the other options simply because you think you’ve already found the correct choice.

If your answer is not one of

the choices, then read all the choices carefully and start to eliminate choices.

Cross out any answers that are obviously wrong.

When you narrow your choices to two, try reposing each option as a true-or-false question or see which makes more sense.

If you are confused by “all of the above” and “none of the above” questions and they tend to take up too much time, leave them blanked and go back to them.

Mark any questions that you leave blank so you’ll know to come back to them.

Even if you are unfamiliar with the question, try to use common sense or logic when selecting the best possible answer. Don’t second-

guess yourself. If you make an educated guess the first time around, don’t go back and start changing your answers around, because, most probably, you’ll change to the wrong answer. Answer questions in the order they come.

If you spend a great deal of time skipping around, you are likely to mistakenly leave some questions unanswered.

Keep an eye on the clock to give yourself time to re-visit the questions you left blank.

Finally, guess! Nothing ventured, nothing gained, so never leave any question on a multiple-choice test blank, except if you know there is penalty. Always remember in multiple choice exams that the correct answer is right there in front of you!

Feb 16, 2011

Outlook

viewpoint

11

Letter to the Editor New Women’s Dorm: A day in the life Jenna Hage-Hassan Dear Editor: I live on the 7th floor of New Women’s Dorm by the seaside. First, I would like to say that I like this dorm; I like the people; I like the staff; and I admit it is well maintained, despite its lack of a fire alarm system. There are two points, however, with which I disagree, with respect to the op-ed of the past issue. One, our dorm is filthy. You do not need details, but I will say that it is dirty to the point where I, along with other witnesses, have seen cockroaches climbing out of the burners on the stoves—right after they had been cleaned.

Secondly, I agree that we have a noise problem, especially during recent weeks, but I do not think that a sign is going to solve this problem. It has become literally unbearable.

There is a building in front of us being completely reconstructed, and the workers are now at the point where they are breaking it apart. . . using drills. They start at 7 am. It sounds like an avalanche, and it is incredibly loud. I do realize that there is nothing AUB can do about this, and it is totally and completely understandable; however, when we are forced to close our windows in the seaside rooms, the room becomes really stuffy and unbearably hot, making it hard to do anything, let alone sleep. I realize we are in January, in the middle of the winter, but we cannot live like this. We need a fan, or an air conditioner of better ventilation as this setup is not working. I know I speak on the behalf of many here in New Women’s Dorm when I say this problem needs to be addressed. We are very uncomfortable.

Jenna Hage-Hassan is a majorless student at AUB.

Letter to the Editor Of lonely sidewalks, disorganized schizophrenia and wandering students Sahar Khraibani “Abou el nour”, “homeless man ali”, “guy that sits on corner of street”. Yes, each person has a personalized name for him, yet he is a complete stranger; to the world and to himself.

Whenever you walk past him, there is nothing but an awkward silence that cuts a conversation with your friend or group of friends. You pass by and suddenly the conversation stops only to continue again after you’re a meter away. Why the sudden catatonic freeze in his presence? Do we somehow feel ashamed and guilty for living life while he sits on the corner of the street with his disorganized schizophrenia and his unwashed sadness?

I was thinking about that, the other day, when one of my friends wanted to take a picture of him for a design project. I thought about his conditions and the place he chose as his home. He surrounded himself by students coming and going, with their speeding accents and their half spilt coffee, their barely held together papers and ever so shallow worries. But what about him? What about the guy who has been on the corner for ages, looking up at those lively faces that never cease to glow but carry within their eyes the unlit fire of broken dreams and long lost ambitions. So he sits there, with the ashes of the dreams he let die and the dust left by the shoes of the lucky few who spend their lives next door.

I see him everyday, on my way up to City Stationary to buy expensive unnecessary utensils and again on my way down. I never talked to him, nor have I ever saw his hand protruded asking for money. He just... lingered. On the sidewalks that summarize our lives. He just lingers there unnoticed while lives pass around him, while the laughter of the youthful hearts echo in eternal melodies. We are all trying to find our way back home, all of us, all the restless hearts of the world but what about Abou el nour? Does he have a place to go back to? Does he have a safe haven? Does he have a place that he can call home?

So the next time you grab your coffee, or hurry down the stairs of main gate, the next time you think the world is getting too dark or too cold and the next time you feel left out, just think of Abou el nour and pray for the “wild at heart, kept in cages.”

Sahar Khraibani is a graphic design undergraduate at AUB

Letter to the Editor AUB’s parking space dilemma Timur Goksel Dear Editor: The article you published on the AUB Corniche parking lot prompted me to write this letter as a part-time instructor who also has to search for a parking outside campus.

As long as the university doesn’t take radical actions such as an underground parking lot under the football field or constructing a multistory parking, say in the lot opposite the Issam Fares Hall, I don’t expect any solution within the campus.

But, there is a simpler way that would solve this increasingly frustrating problem as more and more private parking lots are closing down. I am sure AUB has enough clout with the office of the Governor, the Mayor and the Internal Security Forces (ISF) to make a reconnaissance of the AUB vicinity to see how many parking spaces are wasted.

Last year, AUB allowed the removal of those ugly and totally useless concrete parking barriers along the lower campus and 100 cars found parking spaces. If AUB can persuade the city officials to come and look at how many such spaces are wasted only along the Corniche with those ugly, totally useless in providing security and long forgotten parking blocks, 200 AUB students can find free parking spaces.

If the same process is repeated along side streets, I am sure more spaces can be opened up.

All we need is for someone to start looking for a way out from this serious problem.

Timur Goksel is a part-time Political Studies and Public Administration (PSPA) instructor at AUB

Outlook

12

out of the box

The Outlook team Chairperson

Talal Nizameddin

Faculty Advisor

Cleo Cacoulidis

Responsible Director

Antonios Francis

Editor-in-Chief

Rami Diab

Associate Editor

Timmy Malkoun

Editor at Large

Yahia Hamade

Arabic Editor

Mariam El Ali

Photography Editor

Salim Batlouni

Layout Director

John Hajjar

Members at Large

Samer Bu Jawdeh Giovanny Reaidi

News Executives

Heather Jaber Maya Sfeir Mostafa Fadlallah

Web Master

Mohamad Al Medawar

Business Managers

Sally Khalifeh Lara Traboulsi

Staff Writers Khodor Abu Daya Nader Al Ahmadieh Fouad Badaoui Caterina Belardi Amir Bitar Jackie Daoud Sarah Al Dirani Edrees Elrachidi Mark Francis Dalia Hosn Elie El Khoury Aziza Khalil Yasmin Fansa Yumna Ghandour Maryam Hoballah

Lynn Itani Anis Kadado Tala Kardas Wajiha Jurdhi Kheir Sherif Maktabi Marie Nakhoul Rita Obeid Rami Panayoti Yasmine Saab Joseph Saba Amer Sare Mohammad Yaghi Emile Fares Zankoul Rayane Zahreddine Lama Zakharia

Photographers Mohamad Alameh Tariq Buhilaigah Dima Hajj Nadi Nassar

Lotfi Al Salah Wael Salem Antoine Salloum

Cartoonist

Deedee El Jilani

Outlook is a weekly publication of the American University of Beirut (AUB) and represents the voice of the student body. It is an independent, non-affiliated publication that favors no ethnic, religious, or political group. All columns, articles, and reports are the property of Outlook and do not necessarily represent the views of Outlook or the AUB community. Outlook welcomes all contributions. Authors please include full name, major, ranking, and contact information for verification. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any way, shape or form without the written consent of Outlook and/or higher authorities. Outlook reserves the right to edit all material. © Outlook 1949

Psyched Out

Feb 16, 2011

Rita Obeid

Robot fetish From Facebook to Blackberry, technology is taking over our daily lives, and we cannot deny the addictive effects it can have on us. For instance, how many times do you walk around campus and catch yourself chatting on your BB or see two people sitting on the same table in the cafeteria, not even talking to each other. Rather, they are separately chatting on their own smart phones. The question in these situations is: where do people draw the line? When does technology become “too” negative?

Many people find the Blackberry to be a negative issue in our culture. Moreover, many studies are drawing attention to a new syndrome in which people become technology-addicts and cannot live without their smart phone. However, I will leave such a topic for another time. This article discusses when technology takes another step forward and becomes a sexual fetish. A fetish is an object, an item of clothing, which gratifies sexual desire.

On a health-related video regarding disorders, the latest fetish was addressed: the robot fetish.

The video revolved around sex robots, which are robots designed for male enjoyment. The video also included interviews with males who dreamt about love and pleasure with a female robot. It was stated in the video that this robot fetish is a common issue which remains rarely addressed.

This sex robot has not been developed yet, but scientists have been working on developing this first sex robot. One person defined his ideal romantic partner as some robot programmed in a particular way, elaborating on his idea of the man taking charge. He also stated that removing a limb or opening up the back and seeing all the wires might be intriguing. This man concluded by saying that just as Cinderella dreamt about her prince, he believes that someday his “android” would come.

As a final note, I would like to add that technology is taking over our everyday life, and it is even taking over some people’s sexual lives. Thus, maybe someday this type of fetish will make its way into an upcoming edition of DSM (Diagnostic Statistical Manual), which is a manual used to describe and diagnose all sorts of mental disorders.

Reference: n.a (January 18, 2011). Sex Robots. Diseases & Conditions: Health Topics. Retrieved from: http://health.msn.com/

‫‪13‬‬

‫أوتلوك‬

‫وجهة نظر‬

‫‪ 16‬شباط ‪2011‬‬

‫الهجرة ‪:‬نعمة ونقمة‬ ‫ماري نخول‬ ‫كاتبة صحفية‬ ‫تعتبر الهجرة في أ ّيامنا هذه محورًا‬ ‫أساس ًيا تدور حوله أحاديث حياتنا‬ ‫اليوم ّية ‪ ،‬فمن منّا لم يخسر أصدقا ًء‬ ‫أو أهالً أو أقربا ًء التهمتهم نار الهجرة‬ ‫فتمركزوا في بالد اإلغتراب التي‬ ‫وقدمت لهم خدمات‬ ‫احتضنتهم‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫وتسهيالت عجز لبنان عن تقدميها‪.‬‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫يفكر يو ًما بالهجرة‬ ‫ومن منّا لم‬ ‫قدم له أرضاً‪ ،‬لكنه‬ ‫واإلبتعاد عن وطن ّ‬ ‫عجز عن تقدمي مستقبل واضح وآمن‪.‬‬ ‫وأسباب الهجرة عديدة‪ ،‬تتوزّع ما بني‬ ‫أسباب إقتصاد ّية معيش ّية‪ ،‬وأسباب‬ ‫أمن ّية سياس ّية‪ ،‬وأسباب إجتماع ّية‬ ‫علم ّية‪.‬‬ ‫تعود األسباب اإلقتصاد ّية املعيش ّية‬ ‫املعيشي في‬ ‫إلى ضيق الوضع‬ ‫ّ‬

‫لبنان‪ ،‬وتدنّي ال ّرواتب بشكل خاص‪،‬‬ ‫والغالء الفاحش‪ .‬وكيف على معيل‬ ‫يتحمل على عاتقه جميع‬ ‫العائلة أن‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫السفر‬ ‫املصاريف إذا لم يس َع إلى ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫الضيق؟‬ ‫كحل أنسب يخرجه من هذا ّ‬ ‫أما جيل ّ‬ ‫الشباب‪ ،‬فيعاني من األزمة‬ ‫عينها‪ ،‬ويصعب عليه إيجاد فرص‬ ‫العمل املناسبة‪ ،‬إذ كثرت نسبة‬ ‫البطالة ‪ ،‬وإن وجدت فرصة عمل‪،‬‬ ‫بأجر زهي ٍد غير كاف‪ ،‬ال يسمح‬ ‫فتكون ٍ‬ ‫مستقبل واعد‪ ،‬فيلجأ‬ ‫تأسيس‬ ‫له في‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫إلى اخلارج‪ ،‬و غال ًبا ما تكون دول اخلليج‬ ‫احلاضن األكبر‪ ،‬تليها دول أفريقيا‪.‬‬ ‫أما األسباب األمن ّية السياس ّية‪،‬‬ ‫فهي بطبيعة احلال بغنًى عن‬ ‫التّعريف في لبنان‪ ،‬الذي ما زال ومع‬

‫خلضات أمن ّية بني‬ ‫األسف يتع ّرض‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫فترة وأخرى‪ ،‬وما زال يتأرجح على‬ ‫حبل هاوية ما لبث أن خرج منها‪،‬‬ ‫ليقع فيها من جديد!! وها هو‬ ‫يتسمر أمام شاشة‬ ‫اللبناني‬ ‫الشاب‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫التليفزيون ليشاهد مستقبله‬ ‫على احملك‪ ،‬وال يجد سالحا ً له سوى‬ ‫السفر للهروب إلى ب ّر األمان‬ ‫تأشيرة ّ‬ ‫‪.‬ومن هنا‪ ،‬دعوة صادقة في قلب‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫السالم‬ ‫يعم ّ‬ ‫كل مواطن لبناني ‪ ،‬أن ّ‬ ‫لننعم بحيا ٍة لطاملا نستحقها!‬ ‫وترتبط األسباب اإلجتماع ّية بنظرة‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫الشباب إلى اخلارج‪ ،‬وخاص ًة الواليات‬ ‫املتحدة األمريكية ودول اوروبا‪ ،‬حيث‬ ‫التط ّور واإلنفتاح‪ ،‬ويبنون أحالمهم‬ ‫على هذه األسس‪ ،‬وينتظرون أن‬

‫تفتح لهم أدنى فرصة للخروج من‬ ‫حديقة اجملتمع اللبناني إلى غابة‬ ‫الدول الغرب ّية! ولكن‪ ،‬سرعان ما‬ ‫تنقض عليهم وحوش الغابة هذه‪،‬‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫لتفترسهم‪ .‬فمنهم من فقد ّ‬ ‫الطريق‬ ‫الصحيح وإنحرف عن املسار‪ ،‬فلم‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫يتحمل صواعق الغابة و هزم‪ ،‬ومنهم‬ ‫الصعوبات‬ ‫من كان قويًّا وتغ ّلب على ّ‬ ‫وأسس‬ ‫وشقّ طريقه بعرق جبينه ّ‬ ‫حياته خارجا ً‪ .‬وقليل منهم من يعود‬ ‫إلى أرجاء الوطن!‬ ‫وجتدر اإلشارة أيضا ً إلى هجرة‬ ‫العقول والعلماء‪ ،‬الذين لم يجدوا في‬ ‫لبنان مأوًى ألفكارهم وطموحهم‪،‬‬ ‫فلجأوا إلى اخلارج الذي فتح لهم‬ ‫ذراعيه‪ ،‬وط ّور عملهم واجنازاتهم‪،‬‬

‫وامنا‪ ،‬مع األسف‪ ،‬وفي أغلب األحيان‪،‬‬ ‫افقدهم الهو ّية اللبنان ّية!‬ ‫في اخلتام‪ ،‬ها هي الهجرة تقف‬ ‫أمام قلب كل أ ّم إنتظرت عودة ابنها‪،‬‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫الشوق على‬ ‫وكل حبيبة أكلها‬ ‫غياب حبيبها‪ ،‬وكل مغترب أبكته‬ ‫أغاني فيروز ‪ ..‬نعم‪ ،‬ها هي الهجرة‬ ‫‪،‬وبجميع اشكالها‪ ،‬سوسة تنخر‬ ‫صميم لبنان لينزف شبابا ً يوما ً تلو‬ ‫األخر‪ .‬لكن‪ ،‬وعلى ال ّرغم من ذلك‪،‬‬ ‫تبقى في الوقت عينه احلل األنسب‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫الشباب اللبناني‪،‬‬ ‫لعدد كبير من‬ ‫لتعتبر‪ ،‬وفي آن واحد‪ ،‬نعمة ونقمة ‪.‬‬

‫‪ 16‬شباط ‪2011‬‬

‫أوتلوك‬

‫وجهة نظر‬

‫‪14‬‬

‫منطق الشعوب وحرك ّية الثورة‬

‫كيف تكون ثوريًا‬

‫مصطفى فضل اهلل‬ ‫كاتب صحفي‬

‫لل ّثورة مفهو ٌم عا ّم منتشر‪ ،‬على أنّها‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫منطقُ‬ ‫عوب في سبيل حرك ِة‬ ‫الش ِ‬ ‫ولكن مفهوم ال ّثورة ال يقترن‬ ‫التّغيير‪.‬‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫السياس ّية واإلجتماع ّية‬ ‫باحلركات‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫فقط‪ .‬إ ّن ال ّثورة تبدأ من ّوها في قلوب‬ ‫البشر منذ الطفولة‪ .‬الثورة ليست‬ ‫عفو ّية التظاهر فقط‪ ،‬وال حماسة‬ ‫الدموع‪ ،‬وال عمق‬ ‫الهتاف‪ ،‬وال حرارة ّ‬ ‫العسكري‪ ،‬وال حتّى حركة‬ ‫العمل‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ال ّرفض بحرف ّيتها‪ .‬هي بضعة أجزاء‬ ‫من ّ‬ ‫كل‪.‬‬ ‫ال ّثورة حركة في سبيل صناعة‬ ‫مستقبل أفضل من خالل واقع‬ ‫أقوى‪ ،‬هي حركة تبحث عن مواطن‬ ‫اخللل في املاضي لتقتلع جذور اجلهل‬ ‫والتخ ّلف‪ .‬ال ّثورة تبدأ من داخلك‪ .‬ال‬ ‫يجب أن نبحث عنها بعي ًدا‪ .‬علينا‬

‫أن نربي أنفسنا على ثقافة ال ّثورة‪.‬‬ ‫ال ّثورة ا ّلتي ترفض اجلهل واجلمود‬ ‫وثقافة التّقديس املطلق‪ .‬ال ّثورة ا ّلتي‬ ‫ترفض اإلطالق وتفرض النّقد وإعادة‬ ‫القراءة ّ‬ ‫املقدسات كثوابت‪.‬‬ ‫وفك عقد ّ‬ ‫هي تفرض اإلحترام لنفسك‪ ،‬ولغيرك‪،‬‬ ‫وتدفعك خلف عقلك وفكرك في‬ ‫كونك حرًّا‪ .‬هي مرادف آخر للحر ّية‪،‬‬ ‫ولكنّها حر ّية ال ترضى بغير احلركة‬ ‫والعمل كأصل وجودها‪ ،‬فالفراغ‬ ‫والكسل عبود ّية أخرى‪ .‬الثورة تبدأ‬ ‫حني تكون حرًا في ّ‬ ‫كل تفاصيل‬ ‫حياتك‪ ،‬وحني تكون صاحب قرار‪،‬‬ ‫يرفض القيود ويحترم احلدود حني‬ ‫يتدخّ ل العقل واخللق‪ .‬أن متتلك ال ّثورة‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫يفكر ويعمل دائ ًما‪ .‬أن‬ ‫منك عقال‬ ‫ينطلق عقلك في زراعة واقع جديد‬

‫متط ّور ومتفاعل مع احلياة بظواهرها‬ ‫وأعماقها‪ .‬أن تكون مشاعرك ثور ّية‪،‬‬ ‫تختزن الق ّوة‪ ،‬من خالل ثورتك على‬ ‫الضعف فيها‪ ،‬ونقاط التّخاذل‬ ‫نقاط ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫والذل واإلنكسار‪.‬‬ ‫ومشاعر الهزمية‬ ‫هي رفض ّ‬ ‫ثم تكون أنت‬ ‫لكل ذلك ومن ّ‬ ‫إنسان ال ّثورة‪ ،‬بروح وعقل يحمالن من‬ ‫احلر ّية واحلياة ما ميأل العالم حيو ّية‬ ‫ثم تنطلق لتكون في ّ‬ ‫كل‬ ‫أخرى‪ .‬ومن َّ‬ ‫الساحات حاضرًا لتبحث عن النقص‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫والضعف والتخ ّلف لتثير التغيير‬ ‫فيهم‪ .‬لتثير تغييرًا هنا وكسرًا جلمود‬ ‫هناك‪ .‬الثورة مسألة حتتاج إلى أن‬ ‫تدمر واقع اليأس في نفسك وعند‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫غيرك‪ .‬أن يكون أملك مبا في نفسك‬ ‫أكبر‪ ،‬وإميانك بإرادة احلياة أكبر‪ .‬فال‬ ‫يأس مع ال ّثورة‪ ،‬وال حياة بدونها‪ .‬وتلك‬

‫أنواع اإلعالم والذي يستخدمه‬ ‫اجلميع دون استثناء‪ ،‬هو احملادثة‪ ،‬ففي‬ ‫الوقت الذي لم تتوفر فيه الوسائل‬ ‫التقنية‪ ،‬كان اللسان هو األداة التي‬ ‫تنشر األخبار وتصنع الرأي العام‪ .‬إال‬ ‫أنّها لم تكن بالقوة التي وصل لها‬ ‫اإلعالم في بدايات القرن العشرين‪.‬‬ ‫لقد كانت معظم أنظمة احلكم عبر‬ ‫التاريخ تعتمد حكم امللوك واألباطرة‬ ‫اللذين يرسمون حدود بالدهم‬ ‫بالسيف تارة‪ ،‬وباملعاهدات تارة أخرى‪.‬‬ ‫ومع تس ّلل بعض الدول التي اعتمدت‬ ‫حكم الشعب أو تداول السلطة إال أن‬ ‫تأثيرها كان موضعيا ً يصعب أن يؤثر‬ ‫على البلدان النائية‪.‬‬ ‫قبل القرن العشرين‪ ،‬كانت دائرة‬ ‫اهتمام الناس أضيق بكثير من اآلن‪،‬‬ ‫ومعظم الرع ّية لم يعرفوا وجه‬ ‫أي إشكال‬ ‫حاكمهم‪ .‬أما اآلن فبات ّ‬ ‫يحدث في دولة ما ينال اهتمام‬ ‫العالم أجمع‪.‬‬ ‫في بدايات القرن العشرين بدأ اإلعالم‬

‫فن الط ّباعة‬ ‫يأخذ‬ ‫منحى آخر‪ ،‬فتط ّورُ ّ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫سالحا‬ ‫الصحف‬ ‫والنّشر جعل من ّ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ضاريًا‪ ،‬حتى أ ّن هتلر كما معظم‬ ‫الصحافة ملراقبة‬ ‫القادة اعتبر إخضاع ّ‬ ‫الدولة هو من أساس ّيات احلكم‪.‬‬ ‫تفضل أن متشي‬ ‫إ ّن معظم النّاس‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫مع الت ّيار‪ّ .‬‬ ‫فكل فرد أو جماعة صغيرة‬ ‫أي شيء في‬ ‫ال يقدرون على تغيير ّ‬ ‫محيطهم إذا كانوا فرادى‪ .‬فكانت‬ ‫الصحف هي صوت ّ‬ ‫الشعب‪ ،‬وكانت‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫هي الت ّيار الذي يجرف النّاس للرضى‬ ‫بحالهم أو اإلنتفاض والتغيير‪ .‬ففي‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫التحكم‬ ‫ذلك الزّمان كان من يجيد‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫يتحكم برأي‬ ‫بالصحف هو من‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫الشعب‪.‬‬ ‫وبعد ذلك بسنني قليلة‪ ،‬ظهرت‬ ‫اإلذاعة التي سرقت أهمية الصحف‬ ‫وكانت محور اإلعالم‪ .‬فمثالً‪ ،‬كانت‬ ‫تتم عن‬ ‫اإلنقالبات في سورية‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫التحكم مببنى احلكومة‬ ‫طريق‬ ‫ومبنى البرملان ومبنى اإلذاعة‪ ،‬وكانت‬ ‫السيطرة‬ ‫تتم ّ‬ ‫أهم‪ .‬فعندما ّ‬ ‫اإلذاعة ّ‬ ‫السيطرة‬ ‫على صوت احلكومة‪ ،‬تتم ّ‬

‫على صوت الشعب‪ ،‬ويتح ّول األفراد‬ ‫املفترقون إلى نصرة احلكم اجلديد أو‬ ‫الوقوف في منحى احلياد‪ ،‬فيستخدم‬ ‫احلاكم تلك األغلب ّية للقضاء على‬ ‫األقل ّيات املعارضة‪.‬‬ ‫ومن ثم ظهر التلفاز الذي كان‬ ‫ً‬ ‫فتاكا كسابقيه لكنه كان‬ ‫سالحا‬ ‫ً‬ ‫أكثر فعالية‪ .‬فكان دعم األحداث‬ ‫بالصورة‪ ،‬دع ًما ملصداق ّية ما تب ّثه‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫هذه اإلذاعة أو تلك‪ .‬فصار مركزًا‬ ‫للت ّ‬ ‫لكن كثرة‬ ‫ّحكم باحلقيقة‪.‬‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫محطات التّلفزة كان يشكل حاجزًا‬ ‫أكبر لصوغ “احلقيقة”‪ ،‬وهذا ما‬ ‫شهدناه في مصر في اآلونة األخيرة‪.‬‬ ‫فقد حاول نظام حسني مبارك اخمللوع‬ ‫تشويه احلقائق وتخدير الشعب‪،‬‬ ‫سالحا قوياً‪،‬‬ ‫فكان قطع سبل اإلتصال‬ ‫ً‬ ‫كما وحاول إسكات اإلذاعات الكثيرة‬ ‫التي جعلت من مشكلته دولي ًة أكثر‬ ‫منها محل ّية‪ ،‬لكن من األسباب التي‬ ‫أدت إلى سقوطه هي عدم قدرته على‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫التحكم بصوت الشعب‪ ،‬بل على‬

‫اجلذوة موجودة دوماً‪ ،‬ولكن علينا أن‬ ‫الدفء واحلياة‬ ‫نحافظ عليها نارًا تثير ّ‬ ‫في ّ‬ ‫كل من يحتاجهما‪ ،‬وتعطي النّور‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫لكل من يطلبه‪ ،‬وتدفعنا أن نعمل‬ ‫بعيدا ً عن عقدنا النّفس ّية والفكر ّية‬ ‫وعقد اإلختالف واإلئتالف‪.‬‬ ‫الثورة لست حالة عرض ّية‪ ،‬بل هي‬ ‫تراكم للحقّ يتط ّور ليفرض نفسه‬ ‫على قوى ّ‬ ‫الظالم‪ .‬هو تراكم ال ينتهي‪.‬‬ ‫الثورة ال تؤمن إال بالعمل‪ ،‬وال تنتظر‬ ‫املتخاذلني الذين يقبلون بأنصاف‬ ‫احللول وال يحمل لوائها إلاّ القائمون‬ ‫القاعدون ا ّلذين يعلمون أن احلياة‬ ‫تلفظ الكسالى واليائسني‪ .‬فانهض‬ ‫فإنك اليوم ثائر‪ ،‬وإنّك غ ًدا ثورة‪.‬‬

‫اإلعالم‪ ،‬وفن صناعة الثورات‬

‫عامر الص ّريع‬ ‫كاتب صحفي‬ ‫لقد ّ‬ ‫فن التواصل‬ ‫شكل اإلعالم أو ّ‬ ‫جز ًءا ال يتجزّأ من حياة اإلنسان‪ ،‬منذ‬ ‫غابر األزمان وحتّى يومنا هذا‪ .‬أبسط‬

‫العكس‪ّ ،‬‬ ‫كل ما كان يحاول أن يفعله‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫محفزًا‬ ‫للسيطرة على شعبه‪ ،‬كان‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫أكبر النتفاض ّ‬ ‫الشعب‪.‬‬ ‫إ ّن الثورة في مصر ذخلت مستو ًى‬ ‫آخر من اإلعالم‪ ،‬فقد كانت ثور ًة‬ ‫الكترونية‪ ،‬كانت ثور ًة من على‬ ‫صفحات اإلنترنت‪ ،‬والتي تُعد األولى‬ ‫من نوعها‪ .‬فقد كان الناس يتكلمون‬ ‫عن فرضيات قوة تأثير اإلنترنت‪ ،‬لكنها‬ ‫لم تتجسد إال مؤخرا ً‪.‬‬ ‫مع تط ّور اإلنسان‪ ،‬يتطور فنّه‬ ‫باإلعالم‪ .‬لرمبا ق ّللت األشكال اجلديدة‬ ‫لإلعالم من تأثير األشكال القدمية‬ ‫لكنها ال تلغيها‪ ،‬لتشكل كل أنواع‬ ‫التواصل أسلح ًة كلما تط ّورت‬ ‫ص ُعب السيطرة عليها‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫وتشعبت‪َ ،‬‬ ‫وزادت مصداق ّيتها وبرهنت أنّها فعالً‬ ‫صوت ّ‬ ‫هدد‬ ‫الشعب‪ .‬فلوال اإلعالم ملا ّ‬ ‫امرئ لنفسه بتونس عروشا ً‬ ‫إحراق‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫لطاملا ظننا بأنها “خالدة”‪.‬‬

‫ما وراء كواليس ال ّثورة‬

‫خضر أبو دية‬ ‫كاتب صحفي‬

‫بعيدا ً عن ّ‬ ‫كل الصراخ والعنفوان‪ ،‬في‬ ‫قلب كل ثورة هناك مطلب واحد وهو‬ ‫التغيير‪ .‬إن لم يحصل تغيير فال مبرر‬ ‫وال معنى ألي ثورة أو حت ّرك‪ .‬وألن ّ‬ ‫لكل‬ ‫ثمن ال يع ّوض في أرواح ّ‬ ‫الشهداء‬ ‫ثورة ٌ‬ ‫واعاقات اجلرحى‪ ،‬يجب أن تكن الثورة‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫تتحقق‬ ‫منظمة وذات غاية واضحة‬ ‫عبر وسائل متاحة وشرع ّية‪.‬‬ ‫العربي قامت ثورتان‬ ‫اآلن في عاملنا‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫مش ّرفتان في تونس ومصر‪ .‬ولكن‬ ‫هل سيحققان التغيير املتوخّ ى؟‬ ‫في تونس‪ ،‬إستطاع الشعب إرغام‬ ‫علي على الفرار من‬ ‫الدكتاتور بن‬ ‫ّ‬

‫البلد‪ .‬مت ذلك بعد سقوط عشرات‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫الشهداء ومئات اجلرحى‪ .‬يقف‬ ‫الث ّوار اآلن أمام دماء الشهداء من‬ ‫جهة ومن جهة أخرى أمام رحيل‬ ‫الدكتاتور وبقاء الدكتاتورية‪ .‬النّظام‬ ‫ّونسي ال زال يحوي ق ّوة كبيرة من‬ ‫الت‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫فسيح‬ ‫الشخص ّيات الفاسدة‪ .‬اجملال‬ ‫ٌ‬ ‫للمناورة ومباغتة التحرك‬ ‫الشعبي‪.‬‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫نفس هذه احلالة قد حتصل في مصر‬ ‫إن لم يطالب املصريني برحيل ّ‬ ‫كل‬ ‫النّظام وليس فقط حسني مبارك‪.‬‬ ‫قمة جبل اجلليد الذي إن‬ ‫مبارك هو ّ‬

‫خلع لن يستطاع رصد باقي اجلبل ملنع‬ ‫اإلصطدام‪.‬‬ ‫املشكلة األكبر هي التدخل األمريكي‬ ‫الذي لم يجني ملصر شيئا ً أكثر من ّ‬ ‫ذل‬ ‫كامب ديفيد إلى هوان حصار غزة‪.‬‬ ‫األمريكي لم يف ّوت فرصة‬ ‫والنّفاق‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫تقدم الدول العربية كا ّفة؛‬ ‫ليعرقل ّ‬ ‫ليسرق النّفط ويحمي إسرائيل‪.‬‬ ‫هذه املشكلة ال ّ‬ ‫حتل عبر الشعب‬ ‫املصري لوحده فهي حتتاج إلى جسد‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫الدول‬ ‫مقاوم أكبر‬ ‫يضم جميع ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫العرب ّية‪ .‬املواجهة تصبح سهلة ج ًدا‬ ‫ضد‬ ‫حني تقف الدول العرب ّية املتّحدة ّ‬

‫الواليات املتّحدة األمريك ّية‪ .‬الوصول‬ ‫إلى ذلك احللم العربي يحتاج إلى‬ ‫الكثير من الثورات والشهداء‪.‬‬

‫أوتلوك‬

‫‪15‬‬

‫‪ 16‬شباط ‪2011‬‬

‫منوعات‬

‫نصائح غذائ ّية مفيدة للطالب قبل اإلمتحان‬ ‫سارة أحمد الديراني‬ ‫كاتبة صحفية‬ ‫اخلاصة‬ ‫لك ٍّل منّا وجهة نظره‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫الطعام أو‬ ‫فيما يتع ّلق مبسألة‬ ‫بالتّحديد الوجبة التي سيتناولها‬ ‫قبل خضوعه لإلمتحان‪ .‬فالبعض‬ ‫يرى أ ّن نوع ّ‬ ‫مهم ولكن‬ ‫الطعام غير‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫أي وجبة إن كانت‬ ‫املهم هو أن يتناول ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫صح ّية أم ال لكي ال يشعر باجلوع‬ ‫إمتحانه‪.‬أما البعض اآلخر‬ ‫وهو يجري‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫فيرى أنه من األفضل عدم تناول أي‬ ‫وجبه مهما كانت صغيرة أم كبيرة‬ ‫ألم قد‬ ‫لكي يتجنّب ّ‬ ‫أي إحتمال ٍ‬ ‫يتع ّرض له وهو يجري إمتحانه‪ ،‬ومن‬ ‫خالل جتنّبه ّ‬ ‫للطعام يرى نفسه في‬ ‫السليم من املسألة‪.‬‬ ‫اجلانب ّ‬ ‫ولكن احلقيقة تختلف عن هذا‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫فالطعام الذي نتناوله قبل‬ ‫كله‬ ‫اإلمتحان يؤ ّثر ولو جزئ ًيا على قدرتنا‬ ‫في التّركيز‪ .‬وما أعنيه هنا هو أنّه من‬ ‫الضروري أن نتناول وجبة صغيرة قبل‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫اإلمتحان‪ ،‬بفترة ساعة أو ساعتني‪،‬‬ ‫ولكن‬ ‫وليس قبل اإلمتحان مباشرة‪.‬‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫هذه الوجبة ال يجب أن تكون أ ّية وجبة‬

‫بل على العكس يجب أن تكون وجبة‬ ‫صح ّية مفيدة جتنّبنا ّ‬ ‫الشعور باجلوع‬ ‫أثناء اإلمتحان ومتنح جسدنا ّ‬ ‫الطاقة‬ ‫الالزمة له‪.‬‬ ‫وأهم األمثلة على هذه الوجبات‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫السلطات على إختالف أنواعها‬ ‫هي ّ‬ ‫(سلطة اخلضروات‪ ،‬سلطة التونة‪،‬‬ ‫‪ )...‬وذلك بسبب إحتوائها على أنواع‬ ‫مختلفة من اخلضروات ا ّلتي تُعتبر‬ ‫مصدرًا أساس ًيا للمعادن‪ ،‬كما وهي‬ ‫وجبة صح ّية خفيفة جتنّبك ّ‬ ‫الشعور‬ ‫باجلوع لفترة‪ .‬كما وأ ّن العديد من‬ ‫األبحاث ّ‬ ‫أكدت على أ ّن اخلضروات تزيد‬ ‫القدرة ّ‬ ‫الذهنية واالدراك ّية للطالب‪،‬‬ ‫بسبب احتوائها على مواد مضا ّدة‬ ‫الدم بشك ٍّل‬ ‫لألكسدة تعزز توريد ّ‬ ‫الدماغ‬ ‫صحي إلى املا ّدة ال ّرماد ّية في ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫املسؤولة عن املهارات ّ‬ ‫الذهن ّية‪.‬‬ ‫وأما بالنّسبة لألطعمة التي يجب‬ ‫ي‪:‬‏ األطعمة‬ ‫جتنّبها أو اإلقالل منها فه ‏‬ ‫الدهون املش ّبعة‬ ‫التي حتتوي على ّ‬ ‫كاللحوم احلمراء ومنتجات األلبان‬ ‫والسكر ّيات‬ ‫كاملة الدسم‏‏‪ ،‬واملقل ّيات ّ‬ ‫والعجائن‪.‬‏ ألنّها أطعمة ثقيلة على‬ ‫املعدة وقد تشعرنا بتل ّبكات معو ّية ‪،‬‬

‫نفضل جتنّبها قبل اإلمتحان‪.‬‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫وأما بالنّسبة لألشخاص الذين ما‬ ‫أي وجبة‬ ‫زالوا‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫يفضلون عدم تناول ّ‬ ‫قبل اإلمتحان فأنصحهم بأن يشربوا‬ ‫عصير البرتقال‪ .‬وذللك إستنادا ً إلى‬ ‫دراسة استرال ّية حديثة ّ‬ ‫أكدت على‬ ‫كوب من عصير البرتقال‬ ‫أهم ّية تناول ٍ‬ ‫يوم ًيا وذلك أل ّ‏ن البرتقال يحتوي على‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫والسكر والفيتامينات واألمالح‬ ‫املاء‬ ‫التي تساعد على زيادة النّشاط‬ ‫واحليوية كما وتساعد في تخفيف‬ ‫العصبي املصاحب‬ ‫والضغط‬ ‫التوتّر‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫لإلمتحانات‪.‬‬ ‫ومن األخطاء ّ‬ ‫الشائعة التي‬ ‫يقوم بها العديد من الطالب هي‬ ‫عدة أكواب من القهوة أو‬ ‫تناول ّ‬ ‫الصباح الباكر‬ ‫النّسكافيه منذ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫وحتى وقت اإلمتحان‪ .‬وذلك ظنًا‬ ‫منهم أ ّن املن ّبهات املوجودة في هذه‬ ‫األكواب ستساعدهم على التّركيز‬ ‫وستجنّبهم ّ‬ ‫الشعور بالنعاس‪ .‬وذلك‬ ‫بسبب النّتائج الفور ّية ملا ّدة الكافيني‬ ‫متد اجلسم بالنّشاط والقوة‬ ‫التي ّ‬ ‫الذهنية الالزمني‪ .‬إال أ ّن هذا الشعور‬ ‫اإليجابي ال يدوم طويالً‪ ،‬وهو مسحوب‬

‫بالعديد من املضاعفات اخلطيرة التي‬ ‫قد تظهر في اإلمتحان‪ .‬وبعض هذه‬ ‫املضاعفات هي‪ :‬انخفاض في درجة‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫والشعور باإلحباط‬ ‫الد ّقة والتّركيز‬ ‫واالكتئاب مبجرد انخفاض مستوى‬

‫مادة الكافيني‪ ،‬والشعور بالدوخة‬ ‫معدل ضربات القلب‪.‬‬ ‫والصداع‪ ،‬وزيادة ّ‬ ‫لذلك ال يجب اإلفراط من شرب املواد‬ ‫املن ّبهة خالل يوم اإلمتحان لتجنّب‬ ‫هذه املضاعفات‪.‬‬

‫ك ّتاب من هذا الزمن‬ ‫جامعة الفقر األسود‬ ‫نهاد غازي عواد‬ ‫كاتبة صحفية‬

‫هو خ ّريج جامعة الفقر األسود‬ ‫بحار‬ ‫حسب قوله‪ ،‬حنّا مينا‪ّ ،‬‬ ‫ال ّرواية العرب ّية‪ .‬كتب عن البحر‬ ‫الذي خاف ادباء كثيرون مجابهة‬ ‫املوت في أمواجه العالية‪.‬يقول‬ ‫مينا ‪ »:‬إ ّن البحر كان دائ ًما مصدر‬ ‫إلهامي‪ ،‬حتّى إ ّن معظم أعمالي‬ ‫مب ّللة مبياه موجه الصاخب»‪.‬‬ ‫ووفاء منه ملصدر ال ّرزق خلف‬ ‫السفل ّية للمرافئ‬ ‫العوالم‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫الساحل املفتوحة على‬ ‫ومدن ّ‬ ‫عدة‬ ‫أهوال البحر بالكلمات في ّ‬ ‫روايات منها‪ :‬املصابيح ال ّزرق‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫‪,‬الشراع والعاصفة ‪،‬الياطر‪،‬‬ ‫األبنوسة البيضاء‪ ،‬حكاية‬ ‫بحار‪ ،‬نهاية رجل شجاع‪ ،‬ال ّثلج‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫يأتي من النافذه‪ّ ،‬‬ ‫الشمس في‬ ‫يوم غائم‪ ،‬بقايا صور‪ .‬نذر حياته‬ ‫شاب تط ّوع‬ ‫خلدمة وطنه‪ ،‬فمن‬ ‫ٍّ‬ ‫في اجليش جملابهة ق ّوات فرنسا‬ ‫أربعيني يكتب لدمشق‬ ‫احل ّرة الى‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫احلرية‪ .‬بداية حياته األدب ّية كانت‬ ‫مع مسرح ّية دونكيشوت ّية التي‬ ‫ضاعت فاعتزل املسرح وتفرغ‬ ‫لل ّرواية التي مت ّيزت بالواقعية‬ ‫والعمق واجلمال‪ .‬فتح ّول العديد‬ ‫منها الى افالم ومسلسالت‬

‫سور ّية ‪ .‬اكسبت روايته شهر ًة‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫فحقق اعلى‬ ‫عربي ًة واسع ًة‬ ‫املبيعات حسب ارقام دار اآلداب‪.‬‬ ‫كتب عن نفسه وعائلته التي‬ ‫تش ّردت من لواء اسكندرون‪.‬‬ ‫عن والدته ماريانا ميخائيل‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫زكور وأخواته اللواتي عملن‬ ‫كخادمات‪ ،‬عن ليالي اجلوع‬ ‫واملشي حاف ًيا‪ .‬كتب عن فقراء‬ ‫املال‪ ،‬اغنياء النّفس عن عاهرات‬ ‫اجلسد‪ ،‬عزيزات ال ّروح‪ .‬عمل على‬ ‫إبراز الوجه اإلنساني في عوالم‬ ‫تُنتهك فيها احلقوق اإلنسان ّية‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫وينحط البشر‪ .‬تتّسم روايات‬ ‫بتعدد الشخصيات ومت ّيزها‬ ‫مينا‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫فقد وصل عدد ّ‬ ‫الشخص ّيات‬ ‫حوالي خمسمئة وستّون‬ ‫شخص ّية مختلفة في عشر‬ ‫روايات فقط‪ .‬هذه الشخص ّيات‬ ‫لم تكن أبطاال تنتهي ال ّروايات‬ ‫بانتهائهم منتصرين بل‬ ‫كانو بشرًا لهم هفواتهم‬ ‫وسقطاتهم لكن الشخص ّية‬ ‫كانت للبطل‬ ‫«املثال ّية»‬ ‫اليساري املناضل ذو القدرة‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫على التحليل املتّزن والذي‬ ‫يبدو جل ًيا تعاطف حنّا معه‪.‬‬ ‫تسجيل تفاصيل هذه احلياة‬ ‫اليومية البسيطة يجعل‬ ‫القارئ في بعض األحيان يتنبأ‬

‫باملشهد القادم لكنه لم يفقد‬ ‫روايات مينا قوة اجلذب الغير‬ ‫عادية حيث يقوم باللعب على‬ ‫نفس ّية القارئ الذي يدرك ان ما‬ ‫واقعي لكنّه غير‬ ‫يقرأه‬ ‫حقيقي‪.‬‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫فينفعل مع ّ‬ ‫الشخص ّيات بل‬ ‫يتقمص احداها حتى‬ ‫ميكن أن‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫حني نهاية الرواية‪ .‬ويتّسم‬ ‫بالسالسة‬ ‫اسلوب حنّا مينا‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫معقدة‬ ‫فال تراكيب وتصاوير‬ ‫وال كلمات ال مرادف لها اال في‬ ‫معجم» لسان العرب»‪ .‬هذا‬ ‫اإلبداع خ ّوله احلصول على جائزة‬ ‫«الكاتب‬ ‫العربي» التي منحها‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫اياه اتحّ اد الكتّاب املصريني‪.‬‬ ‫هو اآلن في الثالثة وال ّثمانني‬ ‫لكنّه لم يعرف حتى حينه ماذا‬ ‫يريد من هذه احلياة التي أعطته‬ ‫الكثير وأخذت منه الكثير‪.‬‬ ‫وحماال ً‬ ‫عمل حلاّ قا ً‬ ‫وبحارًا‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ومصلح دراجات‪ ،‬ومر ّبي أطفال‬ ‫غني‪ ،‬إلى عامل‬ ‫في بيت سي ٍد ّ‬ ‫ثم إلى‬ ‫في صيدلية وصحفي‪ّ ،‬‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫وموظف‬ ‫كاتب مسلسالت‬ ‫في احلكومة‪ ،‬وأخيرًا إلى روائي‪.‬‬ ‫ينعت نفسه بالنّصف مجنون‬ ‫ويقول عن مهنته األخيرة‪»: :‬‬ ‫مهنة الكاتب ليست سوارًا من‬ ‫ذهب‪ ،‬بل هي أقصر طريق إلى‬ ‫التّعاسة الكاملة‪ .‬ال تفهموني‬

‫حنّا مينا (صورة‪)Jpnews-sy.com :‬‬

‫خطأ‪ ،‬احلياة أعطتني‪ ،‬وبسخاء‪،‬‬ ‫يقال إنني أوسع الكتّاب العرب‬ ‫انتشارًا‪ ،‬مع جنيب محفوظ بعد‬ ‫نوبل‪ ،‬ومع نزار قباني وغزلياته‬ ‫التي أعطته أن يكون عمر بن‬ ‫أبي ربيعة القرن العشرين‪.‬‬

‫يطالبونني‪ ،‬في الوقت احلاضر‪،‬‬ ‫مبحاوالتي األدب ّية األولى‪،‬‬ ‫التي تنفع الباحثني والنّقاد‬ ‫إلي‪،‬‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫والدارسني‪ ،‬لكنّها‪ ،‬بالنسبة ّ‬ ‫ورقة خريف اسقطت مصابيح‬ ‫زرق‪.‬‬

‫أ وتلوك‬

‫املنشورة الطالبية املستقلة منذ عام ‪١٩٤٩‬‬

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‫األربعاء ‪ 16‬شباط ‪2011‬‬

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‫جزء ‪ ٬٤٣‬عدد ‪١٦‬‬

‫ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ اﻟﺼﺤﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻤﻟﻴﺔ ﺗﺨﺘﺎر ﻣﺮكزًا ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎ ً ﻣﺘﻌﺎوﻧﺎ ً ﻣﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ اﻷﻣﻴﺮكية‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎن ﺻﺤﻔﻲ‬ ‫‪ :02-02-2011‬ﺑﻴﺮوت‬ ‫أﻋﻠﻨﺖ اﺠﻟﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻷﻣﻴﺮكية ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﺮوت‬ ‫أن ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ اﻟﺼﺤﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻤﻟﻴﺔ ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺤﺖ ﻟﻘﺐ ﻣﺮكز ﻣﺘﻌﺎون إﻟﻰ داﺋﺮة‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺰﻳﺰ اﻟﺼﺤﺔ واﻟﺼﺤﺔ اﺠﻤﻟﺘﻤﻌﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫كلية اﻟﻌﻠﻮم اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ اﺠﻟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫وﻗﺪ اﺗﺨﺬت ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ اﻟﺼﺤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻤﻟﻴﺔ ﻗﺮارها هذا ﺑﻌﺪ ﺗﺪﻗﻴﻖ ﺻﺎرم‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻤﺮ ﻤﻟﺪة ﺛﻼث ﺳﻨﻮات‪.‬‬ ‫وﺳﺘﺘﻤﺘّﻊ اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة ﺑﻬﺬا اﻟﻠﻘﺐ ﻤﻟﺪة‬ ‫أرﺑﻊ ﺳﻨﻮات‪ ،‬وﺳﺘﻜﻮن ﻣﺮكزا ً ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻣﺮاكز ﻣﺘﻌﺎوﻧﺔ ﻣﻊ ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﺎﻤﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻟﺒﻨﺎن‪ ،‬وكلها‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺤﺔ ا‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬

‫ﻓﻲ اﺠﻟﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻷﻣﻴﺮكية ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﺮوت‪.‬‬ ‫واﻤﻟﺮكزان اﻵﺧﺮان هما داﺋﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ كلية اﻟﺰراﻋﺔ‪ ،‬وﻗﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﺠﻟﻠﺪﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ كل ّية اﻟﻄﺐ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺮاض ا‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫وﻳﻌﻴﻦّ اﻤﻟﺪﻳﺮ اﻟﻌﺎم ﻤﻟﻨﻈﻤﺔ اﻟﺼﺤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻤﻟﻴﺔ اﻤﻟﺮكز اﻤﻟﺘﻌﺎون ﻟﺪﻋﻢ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬ ‫اﻤﻟﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻤﻟﺴﺘﻮﻳﺎت اﻟﺪوﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫واﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺤﺔ‬ ‫وﻤﺗاﺸﻴﺎ ً ﻣﻊ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺔ ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﺎﻤﻟﻴﺔ واﺳﺘﺮاﺗﻴﺠﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﺎون اﻟﺘﻘﻨﻲ‪،‬‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎركا‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮن اﻤﻟﺮكز اﻤﻟﺘﻌﺎون‬ ‫أ ﻳﻀﺎ ً ﻓﻲ ﺗﻌﺰﻳﺰ ﻣﻮارد اﻟﺪوﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ اﻤﻟﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت واﺨﻟﺪﻣﺎت‪ ،‬واﻷﺑﺤﺎث‬ ‫واﻟﺘﺪرﻳﺐ‪ ،‬دﻋﻤﺎ ً ﻟﻠﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ‪ .‬وﻟﺘﻜﻮن ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﻣﺆهلة ﺤﻟﻤﻞ ﻟﻘﺐ اﻤﻟﺮكز اﻤﻟﺘﻌﺎون‪،‬‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ إﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻘﺪرة ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻓﺎء ﻤﺑﻬﺎم ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻤﻟﻨﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫وأهداﻓﻬﺎ ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻤﻴﺰ داﺋﺮة ﺗﻌﺰﻳﺰ اﻟﺼﺤﺔ واﻟﺼﺤﺔ‬ ‫و ّ‬ ‫اﺠﻤﻟﺘﻤﻌﻴﺔ ﺑﺘﺎرﻳﺦ ﺑﺎرز ﻓﻲ اﺠﻤﻟﺎﻻت‬ ‫ﺑﺼﺤﺔ اﻟﻼﺟﺌﻦﻴ‬ ‫اﻤﻟﺮﺗﺒﻄﺔ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫واﻤﻟﻬﺎﺟﺮﻳﻦ‪،‬وﺻﺤﺔاﻟﺸﺒﺎب‪،‬وﻣﻜﺎﻓﺤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺒﻎ‪ ،‬واﻟﺼﺤﺔ اﻹﺠﻧﺎﺑﻴﺔ واﺠﻟﻨﺴﻴﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻤﻣﺎ ﻳﺠﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﺮكزا ً ﻟﻠﻤﻮارد ‬ ‫اﺨﻤﻟﺼﺼﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻬﻨﻴﻦﻴ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﻦﻴ ﻓﻲ هذا‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫اﺠﻤﻟﺎل ﻓﻲ اﻤﻟﻨﻄﻘﺔ‪ .‬وﺳﻮف ﻳﺘﺤﻘﻖ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﻣﻮاد‬

‫اﻟﺘﺜﻘﻴﻒ اﻟﺼﺤﻲ وﺗﺪرﻳﺐ اﻤﻟﻬﻨﻴﻦﻴ‪،‬‬ ‫واﻟﺮﺑﻂ اﻟﺸﺒﻜﻲ وﺗﻘﺪﻢﻳ ﺧﺪﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻄﺔ ﺑﺎﻷﺑﺤﺎث‪.‬‬ ‫اﺠﻟﺪﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺬكر أﻧﻪ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﺮاهن أكثر ﻣﻦ ‪ 800‬ﻣﺮكز ﻣﻦ اﻤﻟﺮاكز‬ ‫اﻤﻟﺘﻌﺎوﻧﺔ ﻣﻊ ّ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺤﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻤﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ‪ 80‬دوﻟﺔ‪ .‬وﺗﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺟﻨﺐ ﻣﻊ‬ ‫هذه اﻤﻟﺮاكز ﺟﻨﺒﺎ ً إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﺎﻤﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺤﺔ ا‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﺾ واﻟﺼﺤﺔ اﻤﻟﻬﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫واﻷﻣﺮاض اﻟﺴﺎرﻳﺔ واﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ واﻟﺼﺤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﺴﻴﺔ واﻷﻣﺮاض اﻤﻟﺰﻣﻨﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎت اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫واﻤﻟﻌﺮوف أن كلية اﻟﻌﻠﻮم اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻓﻲ اﺠﻟﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻷﻣﻴﺮكية ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﺮوت‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺳﺴﺖ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺎم ‪. 1945‬‬ ‫صدر هذا البيان الصحفي عن‬ ‫مكتب اإلعالم في اجلامعة‬ ‫األميركية في بيروت‪.‬‬

‫ﺟﺎﺋﺰة إﻳﺮاﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﻋﻦ اﺠﻟﺎﺣﻆ ﺳﺎهم ﻓﻴﻪ أﺳﺘﺎذان ﻣﻦ اﻷﻣﻴﺮك ّية‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎن ﺻﺤﻔﻲ‬ ‫‪ :03-02-2011‬ﺑﻴﺮوت‬

‫أﻋﻠﻨﺖ اﺠﻟﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻷﻣﻴﺮكية ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺮوت أن اﻟﺒﺮوﻓﺴﻮر ﺟﻮن ﻣﻴﻠﻮي‬ ‫واﻟﺒﺮﻓﺴﻮر ﻃﺮﻳﻒ اﺨﻟﺎﻟﺪي‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ‬ ‫مركز‬ ‫اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ واﻟﺸﺮق‬ ‫أوﺳﻄﻴﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬هما ﻣﻦ ﺑﻦﻴ‬ ‫أرﺑﻌﺔ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻦﻴ ﻧﺎﻟﻮا ﺟﺎﺋﺰة ﻋﺎﻤﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻜﺘﺎب ﻓﻲ إﻳﺮان‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ كتاﺑﻬﻢ اﺠﻟﺎﺣﻆ‪ :‬إﻧﺴﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻟﺰﻣﺎﻧﻨﺎ « ‪ ،‬اﻟﺬي ﻧﺸﺮﻩ‬ ‫اﻤﻟﻌﻬﺪ اﻷﻤﻟﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﻸﺑﺤﺎث اﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﺮوت‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺎم ‪،2009‬‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ‪ 259‬ﺻﻔﺤﺔ‪ .‬واﻤﻟﺆﻟﻔﺎن‬ ‫اﻵﺧﺮان هﻤﺎ اﻟﺒﺮوﻓﺴﻮر أرﻧﻴﻢ‬ ‫هينمان‬ ‫واﻟﺒﺮوﻓﺴﻮر ﻣﺎﻧﻔﺮد كروب‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻤﻟﻌﻬد‪.‬‬ ‫وﻳﺤﺘﻮي اﻟﻜﺘﺎب اﻟﺬي اﺳﺘﻐﺮق‬ ‫إﻋﺪادﻩ ﺧﻤﺴﺔ أﻋﻮام‪ ،‬أوراﻗﺎ ً‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺜﻴﺔ ﻗﺪﻣﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺆﻤﺗﺮ دوﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﻮل اﺠﻟﺎﺣﻆ‪،‬‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻲ اﻟﺸﻬﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺮن اﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ‪ .‬وﻗﺪ ُﻋﻘﺪ هذا‬ ‫اﻤﻟﺆﻤﺗﺮ ﻓﻲ كاﻧﻮن اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎم ‪ 2005‬ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﺠﻟﺎﻣﻌﺔ واﺳﺘﻤﺮ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﻳﺎم‪،‬‬ ‫واﺷﺘﺮك ﻓﻲ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻤﻪ اﻤﻟﻌﻬﺪ‬ ‫اﻷﻤﻟﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﻸﺑﺤﺎث اﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺮوت وﻣﺮكز‬ ‫اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ واﻟﺸﺮق‬

‫أوﺳﻄﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ اﺠﻟﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻷﻣﻴﺮكية‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﺮوت ‪.‬‬ ‫وﺟﺎء ﻓﻲ رﺳﺎﻟﺔ ّ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺿﺎ ﻓﺎﺳﻔﻲ‪ ،‬أﻣﻦﻴ ﻋﺎم‬ ‫« ﺟﺎﺋﺰة اﺠﻟﻤﻬﻮرﻳﺔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻹﻳﺮاﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻤﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻜﺘﺎب» أن اﻷﻣﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺠﺎﺋﺰة ﻗﺪ اﺧﺘﺎرت‬ ‫هذا اﻟﻜﺘﺎب كواﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ أﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻤﺎل اﺠﻟﺪﻳﺪة ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺎل اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬ ‫وﺳﻴﻤﺜﻞ اﻟﺒﺮوﻓﺴﻮر اﺨﻟﺎﻟﺪي‬ ‫ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻲ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﻓﻲ ﺣﻔﻞ ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ‬ ‫اﺠﻟﻮاﺋﺰ اﻟﺬي ﺳﻴﻘﺎم ﻓﻲ ‪ 8‬ﺷﺒﺎط‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎدم ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻃﻬﺮان‪ .‬وﺳﻴﺤﺼﻠﻮن ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺋﺰة ﻧﻘﺪﻳﺔ ﺑﻘﻴﻤﺔ ‪ 15‬أﻟﻒ‬ ‫دوﻻر‪.‬‬ ‫وﻗﺎل اﻟﺒﺮوﻓﺴﻮر اﺨﻟﺎﻟﺪي‪« :‬هذا‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﺟﻬﺪ ﺟﻤﺎﻋﻲ‪،‬‬ ‫وأﻧﺎ ﻣﺠﺮد واﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ أرﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻦﻴ‪ ،‬وﻟﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻤﻟﺴﺮ أن ﻧﻌﺮف أﻧﻪ ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ا‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﻢﺗ اﻻﻋﺘﺮاف ﺑﻌﻤﻠﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻬﻮرﻳﺔ إﻳﺮان اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ»‪.‬‬ ‫وﻗﺎل اﻟﺒﺮوﻓﺴﻮر ﺟﻮن ﻣﻴﻠﻮي‪:‬‬ ‫«أﻧﺎ ﺳﻌﻴﺪ ﻷﻧﻨﻲ اﺷﺘﺮكت‬ ‫ﻓﻲ هذا اﻤﻟﺸﺮوع‪ ،‬وﻣﻦ اﻤﻟﻔﺮح أن‬ ‫إﺠﻧﺎزات‬ ‫اﺠﻟﺎﺣﻆ‪ ،‬هذا اﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻻ ﺗﺰال ﻣﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﻮﻣﻨﺎ‬ ‫هذا»‪.‬‬ ‫وﻳﻘﻮل اﻟﺒﺮوﻓﺴﻮر اﺨﻟﺎﻟﺪي‪:‬‬ ‫«اﺠﻟﺎﺣﻆ ( ‪ 781 - 868‬م) هو‬

‫ﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ ر‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﻤﻴﻪ اﻷدب‪،‬‬ ‫ﻤﺗﻴﺰ ﻤﺑﺎ‬ ‫أو اﻟﺴﻌﻲ وراء اﻤﻟﻌﺮﻓﺔ‪ ،‬و ّ‬ ‫ﻤﻳﻜﻦ أن ﻧﺴﻤﻴﻪ ﻧﺤﻦ اﻟﻴﻮم ﺑﺮوح‬ ‫إﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬وكان ﻣﻔﻜﺮ ا ً ﻳﻨﺘﺎﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻀﻮل اﻟﺸﺪﻳﺪ ﺣﻮل اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ واﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ»‪.‬‬ ‫وﻳﻀﻴﻒ اﻟﺒﺮوﻓﺴﻮر اﺨﻟﺎﻟﺪي‬ ‫أن اﻻﻗﺘﺒﺎس اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﻠﺠﺎﺣﻆ‬ ‫ﻤﻳﻜﻦ أن ﻳُﺨﺘﺎر ﺷﻌﺎرا ً ﻤﻧﻮذﺟﻴﺎ ً‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‪« :‬ﻤﻳﻜﻦ أن‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻀﻲ اﻹﻧﺴﺎن ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻪ كلها‬ ‫ﻳﺪرس ﺟﻨﺎح ﺑﻌﻮﺿﺔ‪ ،‬وﻟﻦ ﺗﻜﻔﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺎة ﺑﻜﺎﻣﻠﻬﺎ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻟﻮ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻊ اﻤﻟﺴﺎﻋﺪة‬ ‫ﻣﻦ كل رﺟﻞ ﺣﻜﻴﻢ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﺮق أو‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺮب»‪ .‬واﻟﺒﺮوﻓﺴﻮر اﺨﻟﺎﻟﺪي‪،‬‬ ‫اﻟﺬي ﻳﺤﻤﻞ درﺟﺔ ﺑﻜﺎﻟﻮرﻳﻮس‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ أوكسفورد‪ ،‬وﺷﻬﺎدة‬ ‫دكتوراﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺷﻴﻜﺎﻏﻮ‪،‬‬ ‫هو ﺧﺒﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺼﻮر اﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ‪ .‬وهﻮ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﻴﺎ ً أﺳﺘﺎذ كرﺳﻲ اﻟﺸﻴﺦ زاﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﻄﺎن ﻓﻲ اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﺪراﺳﺎت اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺮكز اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ واﻟﺸﺮق‬ ‫أوﺳﻄﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﺠﻟﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻷﻣﻴﺮكية ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﺮوت‪.‬‬ ‫وﺳﻴﺮﺗﻪ اﻟﺬاﺗﻴﺔ ﻃﻮﻳﻠﺔ ﺗﻀﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺸﺮات ﻣﻦ اﻤﻟﻨﺸﻮرات‪ ،‬ﻤﺑﺎ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ ﻋﺸﺮة‬ ‫كتب‪ ،‬وﻋﺸﺮات ﻣﻦ ﻓﺼﻮل‬ ‫وﻣﻘﺎﻻت أكادﻤﻳﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬

‫إﻟﻰ ﻣﺴﺎهمات ﻓﻲ اﻤﻟﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺮﻳﻄﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪ .‬وﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺣﺼﻞ اﻟﺒﺮوﻓﺴﻮر اﺨﻟﺎﻟﺪي ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﺪة ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻨﺎت أكادﻤﻳﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎت اﻤﻟﺘّﺤﺪة وﺑﺮﻳﻄﺎﻧﻴﺎ‪ ،‬كان‬ ‫أﺣﺪﺛﻬﺎ أﺳﺘﺎذ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻴﺮ ﺗﻮﻣﺎس ﺁدﻣﺰ ﻟﻠﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫وﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﻣﺮكز اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت اﻟﺸﺮق‬ ‫أوﺳﻄﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ كاﻣﺒﺮدج‬ ‫ﺑﻦﻴ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻦﻴ‬ ‫‪ 1996‬و‪. 2002‬‬ ‫أﻣﺎ اﻟﺒﺮوﻓﺴﻮر ﺟﻮن ﻣﻴﻠﻮي‬ ‫اﻟﺬي ﻳﺤﻤﻞ ﺷﻬﺎدة دكتوراﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺷﻴﻜﺎﻏﻮ‬ ‫أﻳﻀﺎ ً ﻓﻘﺪ اﻟﺘﺤﻖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻷﻣﻴﺮكية ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺎم ‪ 1998‬وهو‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﻣﺮكز اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﺸﺮق أوﺳﻄﻴﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﺬ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎم ‪. 2009‬‬ ‫وﻗﺪ ﻧُﺸﺮت ﻟﻪ أ ﺑﺤﺎثٌ ﺣﻮل ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻬﺪ اﻤﻟﻤﻠﻮكي واﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﻦﻴ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮى اﻷﻣﺒﺮاﻃﻮرﻳﺔ واﻟﺘﺠﺎرة‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﻘﺎهرة ّ‬ ‫وﻣﻜﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻘﺮون‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ‪.‬‬ ‫وﻟﻪ كتاﺑﺎت ﻓﻲ « ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ‬

‫اﻹﺳﻼم» وﻋﺪة ﻣﺠﻼت أكادﻤﻳﻴﺔ‬ ‫و ُ‬ ‫ﻳﺬكر أن اﻟﺒﺮوﻓﺴﻮر ﻣﺎﻧﻔﺮد‬ ‫اﻟﺬي ﺧﺪم كمدﻳﺮ‬ ‫كروب‪،‬‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻬﺪ اﻷﻤﻟﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﻸﺑﺤﺎث‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﺮوت ﺑﻦﻴ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻦﻴ ‪ 2000‬و‪ ،2007‬وكأﺳﺘﺎذ‬ ‫كرﺳﻲ أوروﺑﺎ ﻟﻠﺪراﺳﺎت اﻟﻘﺮﺁﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﻣﻌﻬﺪ ﻓﺮﻧﺴﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻦﻴ‬ ‫‪ 2007‬و‪ ،2008‬هو ﺣﺎﻟﻴﺎ ً أﺳﺘﺎذ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﻐﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴﺔ واﻟﺪراﺳﺎت‬ ‫اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻣﺎﻳﻨﺰ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫أﻤﻟﺎﻧﻴﺎ ‪.‬‬ ‫أﻣﺎ اﻟﺒﺮوﻓﺴﻮر أرﻧﻴﻢ هاينمان‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻮ ﺣﺎﻟﻴﺎ ً ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﻣﻌﻬﺪ ﺑﺮﻟﻦﻴ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺪرﺳﺎت اﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺎت‬ ‫واﺠﻤﻟﺘﻤﻌﺎت‬ ‫اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‪ ،‬وﺧﺪم كباﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎرك ﻓﻲ اﻤﻟﻌﻬﺪ اﻷﻤﻟﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﺑﺤﺎث اﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﺮوت‬ ‫ﺑﻦﻴ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻦﻴ ‪2004‬‬ ‫و‪. 2008‬‬ ‫صدر هذا البيان الصحفي عن‬ ‫مكتب اإلعالم في اجلامعة‬ ‫األميركية في بيروت‪.‬‬