Overseas Field Trip Workbook (Inner Mongolia 2012)

Field Trip to Inner Mongolia Co-­‐organized by Geography and Liberal Studies Panels Class: ____ Name:___________________________ ( )

2012 Prepared by P. Lui, J. Kong, H.B. Ng, A. Yip, Chai & T.C. Lee

2 [FI

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Content Itinerary...........................3 Getting started................4 Geographical settings.…5 History………………..…11 Tourism…………………13 The railway……………..16 Tourist attraction 1…….20 Tourist attraction 2…….24 Tourist attraction 3…….27 Tourist attraction 4…….29 Room list........................32 Group list.......................36 Reminders......................37

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ITINERARY 北京內蒙九天遊學團 日期

行程

膳食/住宿

七月七日

香港 → 北京 (直通火 車) 北京 → 大同

膳食:火車上自理 住宿:火車上 膳食:火車上自理早餐、午餐 ; 晚餐於市內餐廳 住宿:大同 大福林酒店 / 同級

七月九日

大同 → 懸空寺 → 雲 崗石窟

膳食:早餐、午餐、晚餐 住宿:大同 大福林酒店 / 同級

七月十日

大同→ 呼和浩特 → 膳食:早餐、午餐、晚餐 格根塔拉草原 → 篝火 住宿:格根塔拉草原傳统蒙古包 (約五至六人⼀一 晚會 包)

七月十⼀一日

草原活動【草原觀日 出、牧民家訪、拜觀 看賽馬、 摔跤表演、 自費-騎馬、乘駱駝、 射箭】→ 包頭 (包 鋼)→ 黄河大橋 包頭 → 響沙灣活動 → 呼和浩特 → 蒙牛 乳業考察活動 → 民族 風情大街 呼和浩特 → 內蒙古博 物館 → 北京

七月八日

七月十二日

七月十三日

七月十四日

七月十五日

膳食:早餐、午餐、晚餐 住宿:包頭 金頂大酒店 / 包頭賓館 / 同級

住宿:呼和浩特 金輝大酒店 / 昭君大酒店 / 錦頤 商務酒店 / 同級 膳食:早餐、午餐、晚餐

住宿:北京 中欣戴斯大酒店 / 明都酒店 / 瑞海國 際酒店 / 同級 膳食:早餐、午餐、晚餐 北京大學交流 → 天安 膳食:早餐 ; 午餐及晚餐於火車上自理 門廣場 → 中國國家博 物館 → (直通火車) 往 香港 抵達香港

4 [FIELD TRIP TO INNER MONGOLIA] [FI Getting started Beijing-Kowloon Railway is a dual-track railway. Construction began in February 1993.

It was opened in 1996, connecting Beijing and Kowloon through Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Anhui, Hubei, Jiangxi and Guangdong, with a length of 2,397 kilometres.

It has 790 bridges and 160 tunnels.

The Jiujiang Yangtze River Bridge, at a length of 7,679 metres, is the longest across the Yangtze River. Located between Jinghu Railway (Beijing-Shanghai) and Jingguang Railway (Beijing-Guangzhou), it was built to alleviate the congested Jingguang Railway, and to foster development in the areas to the east of Jingguang Railway.

Task 1. What is the length of the railway from Kowloon to Beijing West? _______________ km 2. How long does it take from Kowloon to Beijing West? ________________ hours 3. What is the average speed of the train from Kowloon to Beijing West? ________________ km / hr 4. Jot down the time when the train passes through the cities below.

T98 Train Kowloon Shenzhen 深圳 Longchuan 龙川 Nanchang 南昌 Chang Jiang 長江 Fouyang 阜阳 Huang He 黃河 Bazhou 霸州

Date 7 July

Time 15:15

5. Take pictures along the railway line and describe the scenery you see along the way.

The geographical settings

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Overview Inner Mongolia, China's northern border autonomous region, features a long, narrow strip of land sloping from northeast to southwest. It stretches 2,400 km from west to east and 1,700 km from north to south. Inner Mongolia traverses between northeast, north, and northwest China. The third largest among China's provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions, the region covers an area of 1.18 million square km, or 12.3 percent of the country's territory. It neighbors eight provinces and regions in its south, east and west and Mongolia and Russia in the north, with a borderline of 4,200 km.

Elevation Besides hills, plains, deserts, rivers and lakes, Inner Mongolia has plateau landforms, mostly over 1,000 meters (about 13,780 feet) above sea level, including the Inner Mongolia Plateau, the second largest among the four major plateaus in the country.

6 [FIELD TRIP TO INNER MONGOLIA] [FI Vegetation The region has 7.22 million hectares of cultivated land, or 6.11 percent of the country's total, 86.67 million hectares of grasslands, or 73.3 percent of the country's total, and 18.67 million hectares of forests, 15.8 percent of the country's total.

Task 1.

Which type of natural vegetation covers most of the land in Inner Mongolia? ________________________________

2.

What are the characteristics of this type of vegetation cover? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

3.

Equator

Draw a transect to show the changes of the vegetation according to latitudes.

20°N

40°N

60°N

Minerals

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More than 120 kinds of minerals of the world's total 140 kinds have been found in the region, five of which have the largest deposits in China and 65 of which rank among the top ten of their kinds in the country. The reserves of rare earth amount to 84.59 million tons, or 80 percent of the world's total and over 90 percent of the country's total. The proven deposits of coal hit 224.75 billion tons, the second largest in the country. The region has large reserves of ferrous metals, non-ferrous metals, precious metals, and industrial chemicals, and non-metal minerals. It also has abundant oil and natural gas and 13 large oil and gas fields have been discovered with expected oil reserves of 2-3 billion tons and gas reserves of 1,000 billion cubic meters. The minerals (excluding oil and natural gas) in the region have a potential value of 13,000 billion yuan (US$1,570 billion), accounting for 10 percent of the country's total volume and ranking as the third largest in the country.

8 [FIELD TRIP TO INNER MONGOLIA] [FI Climate Inner Mongolia has a temperate continental climate. There, spring is warm and windy; summer is short and hot with many rainy days; autumn usually sees early frost and plummeting temperature; winter is long, bitter cold with frequent polar outbreaks. The region has an annual precipitation of 100-500 mm, 80-150 frostfree days, and 2,700 hours of sunshine. The Greater Hinggan Mountains and the Yinshan Mountains divide the regions into areas with different climate. The area east of the Greater Hinggan Mountains and north of the Yinshan Mountains has lower temperature and less precipitation than the opposite area.

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Task

Below are the climatic data of major cities in Inner Mongolia.

HOHHOT Max. Monthly Mean Temp. (°C) Min. Monthly Mean Temp. (°C) Rainfall (mm)

BAOTOU Max. Monthly Mean Temp. (°C) Min. Monthly Mean Temp. (°C) Rainfall (mm)

1.

J -5 -16.8 2.6 J -4.1 -16.8 2.1

F -0.4 -12.8 5.2 F 0.4 -12.7 3.8

M 7.0 -5.5 10.2 M 7.6 -5.6 8.3

A 16.3 1.6 13.5 A 16.9 2.0 8.1

M 23.2 8.2 27.6 M 23.9 8.7 17.3

J 27.3 13.3 47.2 J 28.2 13.6 28.0

J 28.5 16.4 106.5 J 29.6 17.1 81.3

A 26.4 14.8 109.1 A 27.1 15.3 87.7

S 21.2 8.3 47.4 S 22.1 8.7 38.7

O 14.1 1.0 20.7 O 14.8 1.3 17.1

N 4.4 -7.0 6.2 N 5.2 -7.2 3.8

Describe the common climatic characteristics of Hohhot and Baotou. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

2.

With the help of the following diagram, explain how the following factors may affect the climatic characteristics of Hohhot and Baotou:

a.

Distance from the sea / continentality ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________

b.

Monsoon wind system ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

D -3.2 -14.2 1.8 D -2.3 -14.3 1.4

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3.

Jot down the weather information of the places during your trip.

Day 1

9-day Weather Record Day 2 Day 3 Day 4

Daytime temperature Night time temperature Weather condition

Location

Day 7 Daytime temperature Night time temperature Weather condition

Location

Day 8

Day 9

Day 5

Day 6

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History of Inner Mongolia The region of Inner Mongolia is one of the most profound origins of Chinese history, and also where the ancient northern ethnic minority groups used to live. According to documented records, there were about ten minority groups that acted around this area, and the most influential of them include the Xianbei （鮮卑）, the Tujue（突厥）, the Qidan（契丹）, and the Nuzhen（女真）.

It was first during the Song Dynasty（宋朝） that a large Mongol tribe appeared in the area. Earlier from the Tang Dynasty （ 唐 朝 ） , the territory was Khan was one of the greatest inhabited primarily by Turkic（突厥） tribes. With Genghis militarists in the Mongolian history. the rise of the Yuan Dynasty（元朝）, the area came under strong central government rule. Temuzhen （鐵木真）, the head of the Mongolian nobility, united many scattered tribes within the Mongolian plateau, established a nobilitybased government named "The Mongol Khan State" and was called "Genghis Khan" （成吉思汗）. This period was the golden age of Mongolia.

In Ming Dynasty（明朝）, Inner Mongolia itself was divided into two separate administrative regions, Dada and Wala, "Northern" and "southern" Mongolia respectively. In Qing Dynasty（清朝）, Inner Mongolia was unified and it was divided as Inner Mongolia and Outer Mongolia according to their inhabiting regions.

In the early period of Republic of China（中華民 國 ） , Inner Mongolia had been the administration of Rehe Province, Chahaer Province and Sui yuan Province. After the Liberation, it was renamed as Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region （ 內 蒙 古 自 治 區 ） ， the first autonomous region in China.

The current territory of Inner Mongolia.

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Mongolia’s most important annual event is a kind of nomad Olympics consisting of the traditional nomadic pursuits of horse riding, archery and wrestling.

Culture of Inner Mongolia

As early as in the Old Stone Age, human had habited in the area of Inner Mongolia, and a number of historical relics have proved this, of which Dayao Relic（大窰文化 遺址）was found to be one of the stone producing places of ancient humanities. Lots of stone artifacts were discovered in this area, like the stone hammer, stone chopping tools, stone cutting tools and so on. Dayao Relic is a strong evidence to prove that it had been a cradle of ancient Chinese civilization.

Inner Mongolia Museum

Questions to ponder: 1.

2.

3.

Could you figure out some of the Mongolian characteristics after reading their history? (Hints: Their physical characteristics, custom, culture, cuisine, etc.)

Throughout history, there were different tribes inhabited in Inner Mongolia, how did that shape the ethnic integration in Inner Mongolia today?

What are the characteristics of Dayao Relic? Why is it important to preserve the relics?

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Tourism After reading the itinerary, what is the route of the study tour? Locate the cities and draw the route on Map 1.

Map 1

Map 2

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According to Map 2, Figure 2 and your observation, what are the types of tourist attractions we have visited?

Figure 2 Itinerary Day 2- Beijing 北京長城居庸關 Day 3- Datong 大同懸空寺 雲崗石窟 煤礦工業 Day 4- Gegentala grassland 格根塔拉草原 篝火晚會 Day 5- Gegentala grassland 草原活動【草原觀日出、牧民家 訪、拜觀看賽馬、 摔跤表演、自費 -騎馬、乘駱駱駝、射箭】 Baotou 包頭黄河大橋 Day 6- Baotou 包頭響沙灣 Hohhot 呼和浩特蒙牛乳業 民族風情大街 Day 7- Hohhot 內蒙古博物館 Day 8- Beijing 北京天安門廣場 中國國家博物館 Others

Type of tourism attractions & evidence

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According to Picture 3 and your observation, what are the major differences between a yurt and a hotel in terms of facilities, services and environment?

Picture 4

Picture 3 Yurt

Hotel

Facilities

Services

Environment

Discussion questions: ¶

Can Inner Mongolia become a major tourism region in China? Why? (Consider the following factors: geographic location, transportation, infrastructure, availability of physical and human tourism resources)

¶

What are the positive and negative impacts of developing tourism in Inner Mongolia? (Consider three different aspects: economic, social and cultural, environmental)

¶

As a tourist, what should we do to minimize the negative impacts brought to host?

¶

After the study trip, do you enjoy travelling? What is/are the best part(s) of the trip?

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Discussion topic for Liberal Studies Intercity: Beijing-Kowloon Through Train (京九直通車) The Beijing-Kowloon Through Train is an intercity railway service between Hung Hom Station (which was called Kowloon Station until 1998) in Hong Kong and the Beijing West Railway Station, jointly operated by the MTR of Hong Kong and China's national rail service. The train runs to Beijing and Hong Kong every other day. Services use the East Rail Line in Hong Kong, cross the boundary between Hong Kong and mainland China at Lo Wu and then continue along China's railway network via the Guangshen railway and the Jingguang railway to Beijing.

Using Table 1 below, summarize the information about different ways to travel from Hong Kong to Beijing.

Hong Kong - Beijing Flight

Hong Kong - Beijing High Speed Rail

Beijing – Kowloon Through Train (T98)

Duration of journey Preparation time Customs arrangements Ticket classes and fares

How do you rate the level of comfort and entertainment facilities (if any) on T98?

How do you compared these with those on flights?

What are some infrastructures and facilities required for the operation of BeijingKowloon Through Train (京九直通車) encountered en route?

What are the terrain features and land use en route?

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The role of railway transport system in urban development Railways have been shown to contribute to social vibrancy and economic competitiveness in its ability to transport large amounts of customers and workers to city centers and inner suburbs. (e.g. in London, Shanghai, Tokyo, etc).

In Hong Kong, there is a high density of licensed vehicles on the road and the topography makes it increasingly difficult to provide additional road capacity in the heavily built-up areas. Therefore, under the Government’s transport policy, railways form the backbone of the public transport network that currently account for about 37% of the public transport passenger trips and 80% of cross-boundary passenger trips.

Why made railway system the backbone of the public transport system?

To examine why railway system is used as the central framework in the public transport system, let us first try to brainstorm some strengths and weaknesses of railway systems (some hints are provided by Table 1 and graphs below). Tabulate your answers in Table 2 below.

Pros

Cons

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Considering the pros and cons stated in Table 2, the current socio-economic conditions in Hong Kong and its relationship with neighbouring regions in China, suggest some long-term benefits to the society introduced by the expansion of railway system in Hong Kong.

Question: Consider the following sources: Source 1 In the initial plan of the Lok Ma Chau Spur Line (落馬洲支線), there would be a viaduct (高架橋) railway track would pass through the Long Valley Wetland (塱原濕地). But this proposal was strongly objected by environmentalists. The green groups claimed that the construction would destroy habitats and minimize biodiversity of the wetland. The KCR promised that they would recover the wetland after the buildings. But environmentalists did still not support it.

After a long study by the KCR, they promised the spur line would be built as a tunnel, through the Long Valley Wetland, instead of a viaduct railway track. Although this will lower the profit and turnover rate of the KCR Group, it won the support of citizens and environmentalists.

Source 2 (Excerpt) Train to Nowhere by June Ng (2009 / 10 / 01) In light of the large costs,some legislators are quite vocal about how many people will use the train, citing an MTR report that says up to 99,000 people will be using it per day. If the train is to recoup its losses, a ticket should cost not less than $400, according to a transport expert from the China, Hong Kong and Macau Boundary Crossing Bus Association.

But worse than that, the 50-year-old Choi Yuen Village in Sheung Shui will have to be destroyed to make way for the new railway. As the current plans stand, the village and neighboring farmland will be demolished in order to build maintenance facilities for the line. Village representatives believe the government is not truly committed to exploring alternative plans. Prof. Leung Kai-chi has been helping villagers submit alternative proposals to the government, including one that moves the maintenance facilities to the nearby (and under-used) Shek Kong Barracks. In response to his plan, the government said he was right but that if the People’s Liberation Army were to move Not only will they have to tear down a village to make way for the new railway, they will also have to build a tunnel under Mai Po Marshes and two country parks. So the question arises, how will this construction affect the wildlife. In mid-September, the Advisory Council on the Environment (ACE) gave the railway a conditional pass in its Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). However, activists have blasted the report for its sloppiness.

The crude survey methods have been called into question, particularly with regard to the project’s impact on wildlife.

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Discussion questions (a) With reference to the sources or otherwise, what are some of the possible drawbacks regarding the expansion of railways systems in Hong Kong? (b) ‘When considering developments of the transport infrastructure in Hong Kong, the interests of the whole of society should take priority over personal interests.’

To what extent do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. (c) In the planning process of transport infrastructure projects, to what extent should the Hong Kong Government allow other stakeholders to be involved? Explain your answer.

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Tourist attraction 1 - Baogang An overview Baogang is an important iron and steel industrial base and the largest rare earth industrial base in China and the biggest industrial enterprise in Inner Mongolia. The headquarter locates in Hexi Industrial Zone, Baotou, Inner Mongolia. It was established in 1954 and reorganized in 1998 with two listed companies, Baogang Share and Baogang Rare Earth. The total asset of the Group is 57.2 billion Yuan by the end of 2007.

Unique resource. Baiyunebo Mine is a world famous mineral intergrowth with iron and rare earth. The iron reserve takes the first place in Northwest area of China and the Rare earth reserve takes the first place in the world, niobium and thorium the second place in the world. Baotou is extolled as the Capital of World Rare Earth because of Baiyunebo Mine.

Ten million tons Iron and steel capability. Baogang owns the world-class production lines that can produce cold and hot rolling strip, heavy plate, seamless pipe, heavy rail, large scale shaped beam, bar and wire rod. Baogang is one of the three rail producing bases in China, one of the seamless pipe producing bases with the completive varieties and specifications in China and the biggest CSP production base in Northwest of China.

Decisive role of rare earth industry in home and abroad. The output of rare earth oxide takes 40% of the domestic market, the production ability of Nd-Fe-B, negative powder and polishing powder takes 20% of the domestic market, the Metal Praseodymium and Neodymium takes 30% of the domestic market. Baogang has the national authoritative rare earth research Institute: Baogang Rare Earth Research Institute and Ruike National Engineering Center of Rare Earth Metallurgy and Function Materials. It has provided the α magnetic spectrograph for American Space Shuttle Discovery as well as the important magnetic material for China Shenzhou space aircraft and Chang’e I carrier racket.

Improvement through science and self innovation. Two technical achievements in CSP and high speed rail have won the 2nd award of National Award for Science and Technology. CSP Plant is the first training base in Asia and second in the world for SMS Germany as well as the grinding machine training base in China for Pomini Italy. Baogang has provided the technical supervision and support in CSP and seamless pipe production to foreign companies.

Quality improvement and famous brand strategy. Many products such as hot rolled strip and seamless pipe has got the international authentication. The rail and seamless pipe has been awarded the Chinese Famous Brand Product. The seamless pipe has been determined as the exempted product by General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine. The series rare earth product with Baiyuebo Brand is famous all over the world.

Opening and cooperation, Win-win development. Baogang signed the strategic alliance structure agreement with Baoshan Iron & Steel (Group) Co., Ltd. and strength the strategic partnership with the raw material suppliers in home and abroad. The sale

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net covers all over the country. There are sale subsidiaries and after-sale service offices in 13 provinces and sale branches in Japan, USA and so on.

Energy saving and environment protection. Baogang has been appointed as one of the first group recycling experimental units and established the eco-industrial park. It is the first company that uses the blast furnace dry dedusting method in this industry.

Baogang takes the first place in Chinese top 50 Energy Green Enterprises Award.

Target of sale income and total asset value by the end of 11th Five-Year Period: 10 billion USD respectively. Baogang will insist on the product mix optimizing to strength the pipe, tap the plate potential and make the adjustment on long product so as to realize the development focus changing from scale to both competitive product and scale. It will insist on the opening to the outside to realize the change from the ego developing to opening developing. It will look the science and management innovation as the supporting to realize the improvement focus changing from hardware equipment to both hardware and soft ability. It will focus on the energy saving and pollutant reduction to realize the total system improvement.

Figure 1

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Figure 2: Aerial view of Baogang

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Task 1.

Refer to Figures 1 and 2. Using map evidence, explain the locational advantages of Baogang. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 2.

After visiting the steel plant, explain the production characteristics based on your observation. What are the problems created by these production characteristics? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

3.

What types of industrial linkages did you observe in Baogang? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

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Task Source 1

Source 2

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1.

From Source 1, what are the patterns of energy consumption in China? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

2.

_______________________________________________________________ Based on the Sources and observations, do you agree that the energysaving and renewable energy development proposals in the 12th Year Plan are sustainable? Why? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

3.

Refer to source 2. Since 2010, China has strictly limited the export of rare earths so as to protect the environment and the resources. However, foreign countries have been complaining China for violating the principle of free trade. If you were the leader of the relevant departments, how would you respond to these complaints? Explain your answer. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

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Tourist Attraction 2 – Gegentala Grassland Situated in the territory of Siziwang Banner, 130 kilometers from Hohhot, Gegentala Grassland is the largest and a unique Mongolian scenic spot bearing the Mongolian ethical features of China. In Mongolian “Gegentala” means a summer resort or the place of grazing in summer. Gegentala Grassland belongs to typical grassland scenery.

It is one of the first batches of 4A-class scenic spots of the country.

Gentle land forms and vast landscapes are its unique features. the grassland reach out as far as your eyes can see. Colorful wild flowers and flocks of sheep that look like masses of cloud make the scene absolutely beautiful.

Besides the scenery of Gegentala Grassland, you can also taste traditional Mongolian food and take part in local activities. While listening to the melodious toasting songs and appreciating traditional Mongolian dances, you have the opportunity to taste kumiss, roasted whole sheep and shouba rou (boiled mutton eaten with hands). In traditional Mongolian clothes, you can take part in horse race, wrestling and archery which have been popular in Inner Mongolia for thousands of years. At night, people sit around bonfires singing and dancing to their hearts' content.

There are many Mongolian tents for receptions, with a capacity to hold about 2,0003,000 people. Facilities such as a sauna, dancing hall, bar, shopping, Entertainment Square, WC and services including TV, telephone, medical care, consultation and security are offered.

There are many local cultural activities. Every July or August when flowers are in full bloom and sheep and horses are in their best condition, a tourism festival called Nadam Fair is held (Nadam Fair means entertainment and amusement in Mongolian.

It is a traditional grand meeting and also an annual gala event for the Mongolian).

This period is also a favorable season for travel.

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Task 1.

What kind of farming activities do you observe in the Gegentala Grassland? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

2.

Explain the favourable factors for these farming activities in Gegentala Grassland. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

3.

Read the source below.

HOHHOT, Inner Mongolia—In a desperate bid to save Inner Mongolia’s environment, the Chinese government has begun relocating more than 250,000 nomads from the rugged pastures they have roamed for centuries.

The government maintains that taking care of the environment will ultimately protect the herders’ livelihoods.” The herders, however, see this new “environmental immigration” as further marginalizing a Mongolian nomadic minority already vastly outnumbered by Chinese peasants.

Since 1949, Inner Mongolia’s population has soared sixfold from 5.6 million to 32 million— with more and more farm animals as well. The environmental strain, worsened by years of overzealous tree-cutting and overgrazing, is turning an additional 386 square miles of Inner Mongolian grassland to desert each year.

Major losses, but of whose making?

The U.N. Environment Programme estimates direct economic losses from environmental damage in the whole of China at $6.5 billion annually, and the Chinese government is working feverishly to contain the problem.

That means little, however, to the nomadic herders of Inner Mongolia, who see the issue as a problem of the government’s own making after years of government-sanctioned Han Chinese immigration to the region.

Resistance from herders “In order to move by a very close deadline, we had to tear down livestock shelters and homes and sell our livestock at very low prices. Because of the shortage of facilities and other

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infrastructure, it is extremely hard to make a living in the new place,” the witness said.

‘A tiny hut’ in return An Uzemchin tribe herder from the Shiliin Gol League said officials “force us to abandon our land for three to five years. What they offer in exchange is a tiny hut in a town suburb and a one-time payment for the land ownership rights.”

Hundreds of thousands said to be moved The Southern Mongolian Human Rights Information Center estimates that up to 650,000 nomadic people will be removed from their traditional pasturelands over the next few years.

“Most [migrants] are not properly provided for with food, water, housing, shelter, and medical services by the government,” the group said.

“Most…were resettled to agricultural or urban areas with a dominant Han Chinese population, with no suitable social, cultural, and language environment for ethnic Mongolians, and are being forced to engage in business and agricultural lifestyles instead of their traditional nomadic way of life.”

Currently, ethnic Mongols represent a tiny 17 percent of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region’s 23 million people, the overwhelming majority of whom are Han Chinese. http://www.smhric.org/news_73.htm on 7.2.2005

According to the source, what are the threats faced by the people in Inner Mongolia? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 4.

Suggest the underlying causes of the threats mentioned in question 3. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

5.

Discuss how the threats can be avoided. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

[FIELD TRIP TO INNER MONGOLIA] 29

Tourist attraction 3 - Resonant Sand Bay (Xiang Sha Wan) This natural scenic area is located 50 km north from Baotou in Erdos City. It lies at the east section of Kubuqi Desert, China's seventh largest desert, and assumes a crescent shape with 100 meters in height and 400 meters in width, forming a 45degree slope.

Have you heard of a desert that sings as you slide on it? Well, here at Resonant Sand Bay, you can experience this unique natural phenomenon. When the weather is dry, you will hear sounds in the sand, light as croaks or loud as a plane, as you slide down the slopes. If several people are sliding together, the sound will be so loud that you might feel as if the dune is trembling.

There are many folk tales about this phenomenon. One of them said that very long ago, a lamasery was located here. One day when the lamas were chanting sutra and beating drums, suddenly a wild wind swept over the lamasery and buried it in the sand. Lamas’ spirits still linger there, and the sounds are their chanting and bugling…

Scientists also made researches and come up with many theories trying to explain the sound. However, none of those theories have yet been proved, and this phenomenon remains a mystery so far.

Resonant Sand Bay is a scenic area mixed with desert and ethnic features. Here, you can enjoy the stunning scenery of the vast desert, and take part in the exciting activities. Resonant Sand Bay has the first-class ethnic performance in Inner Mongolia and the largest camel troup in China.

To many tourists, the most exciting experience at Resonant Sand Bay might be riding a camel. The camel walks like a pendulum, and takes tourists deeper into the vast desert, to escape from hustle and bustle of city life, to visit herdsmen’s yurt, or to watch that beautiful sunrise or sunset.

Other exciting activities you wouldn’t want to miss inculde sliding, paragliding, surf riding, karting, etc., all on the desert. You can also spend the night at the desert and live in a yurt. In the evening, there will be campfire parties where you can join in and perhaps make some new friends. The famous wedding ceremony of Mongolians will let you know more of the Mongolian folk customs.

30 [FIELD TRIP TO INNER MONGOLIA]

Task 1.

What kind of human activities can you see in Xiang Sha Wan? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

2.

Do you think the activities in Xiang Sha Wan are a sustainable way of using the natural resources at the margin of this desert? Explain your answer. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

3.

What environmental hazards will be caused by desertification at the margin of the desert? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

4.

Suggest how afforestation might help to reduce the environmental problems. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

5.

Suggest other measures which can also help minimize desertification at the margin of this desert. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

[FIELD TRIP TO INNER MONGOLIA] 31

Tourist attraction 4 – Mengniu Dairy Farm An overview China Mengniu Dairy Company Limited and its subsidiaries manufacture and distribute quality dairy products in China. It is one of the leading dairy product manufacturers in China, with MENGNIU as the core brand. The Group boasts a diverse product range including liquid milk products, (such as UHT milk, milk beverages and yogurt), ice cream, and other dairy products (such as milk powder and cheese). According to China Industrial Information Issuing Centre under National Bureau of Statistics in China, Mengniu dairy products ranked first in terms of sales volume and sales value among similar products in China in 2011, the sixth time Mengniu has led this market category.

With demand for high quality dairy products rising in the market, the Group has been expanding its production capacity continuously. In December 2011, the annual production capacity of the Group was 7.05 million tons. Currently, the Group has over 20 production plants in 16 provinces and cities in the country with its market spreading across China.

Task 1.

From your observation, what internal factors within Mengniu affect the quality of its product? Why? Factors

Analysis

Positive/Negative factor

+/+/+/+/Source 1

32 [FIELD TRIP TO INNER MONGOLIA]

Source 2 According to a notice issued by the ministry, the original standards of bacteria counts consisted of four grades, from 500,000 per milliliter to 4 million per ml instead of the one standard of 500,000 per ml reported by media.

"The new milk quality standards implemented in March 2010 adjusted the standard to 2 million, which is more stringent than before, and has raised the threshold for raw milk," Meng Jin, a member of the working group of experts on dairy safety standards, said in the notice.

In response to the criticism that the minimum requirement for protein content had been lowered from 2.95 grams per 100 g of milk to 2.80 g, the notice attributed the change to the ministry's survey result that 90 percent of raw milk produced in North China in 2008 was below the standard of 2.95.

"The survey data comes from 2008, when the melamine-tainted baby formula scandal broke. The proportion of qualified raw milk should have increased a lot by now," Wang Dingmian, chairman of the Guangzhou Dairy Association, told China Daily on Sunday.

According to the notice, compared with the 2.80 standard for protein content in raw milk, the indicator in pasteurized milk and sterilized milk must be no lower than 2.90.

Industry experts said the widely taken approach of manufacturing milk products of higher protein content with raw milk of lower protein content is done by artificial post-processing.

"The country set a protein content standard for raw milk which is in contradiction with the standard in end products. It shows the country permits the adding of material and is forcing dairy firms to cheat," Wang said.

2.

Refer to source 2, what external factors affect the quality of milk? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

3.

Explain how the factors you have mentioned relate to public health. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

[FIELD TRIP TO INNER MONGOLIA] 33

4.

From your experience in the past few days and today, do you agree that the quality of public health enjoyed by Chinese residents has improved a lot? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

5.

After your visit to the dairy products manufacturing plant, draw a farming / industrial system of the Mengniu Dairy.

34 [FIELD TRIP TO INNER MONGOLIA]

Room List (for accommodation on train & Gegentala Grassland) Room

Name

Name (Chinese)

Class

1

Mr

PANG CHUNG HEI

彭頌晞

4D

2

Mr

CHAN JEREMY WING CHEE

陳穎智

5B

Mr

CHAN ZI TAO

陳梓淘

4D

Mr

YIU CHAP PANG

姚集鵬

4E

5

Mr

NG HO BUN

吳浩賓

TEACHER

6

Mr

CHAI CHUNG FAI

徐仲輝

TEACHER

7

Ms

NG JENNY CHO YEE

吳祖怡

4E

8

Ms

LAU HIU YING

劉曉盈

4E

Ms

LUK WING LAM

陸穎琳

4A

Ms

MA KI

馬琪

4B

11

Ms

WONG YI LOK

王薾樂

4B

12

Ms

FUNG MAN YEE

馮敏儀

4C

13

Ms

WONG YUET YI

王悅誼

4E

14

Ms

KATHERINE SZE YUK PING

施鈺萍

4E

Ms

CHAN YUI TING EVELYN

陳睿婷

4A

Ms

CYNTHIA GAO

高雨寧

4B

17

Ms

5E

Ms

SINANU, MELINA CHIARA PANG YI MAN

施美思

18

彭伊雯

4E

19

Ms

LAW HIU YAN

羅曉欣

5E

20

Ms

LO CHEUK NGA

盧綽雅

5E

Ms

MA CHING KI

馬靖祺

5C

Ms

LAU AVA

劉瑤珈

5E

23

Ms

WONG SZE YUNG

黃詩融

5E

24

Ms

HAU KA LAM

侯嘉霖

5E

25

Mr

NG SHING LAI TERRY

伍晟禮

4E

26

Mr

HUNG YU HONG

洪宇康

4E

Mr

SZE PUI SHING, JORDAN

施沛承

4A

Mr

CHOI CHUN MING

蔡雋銘

4A

29

Mr

YU CHAK YUK

虞澤煜

5B

30

Mr

LO CHUN KEI

盧駿祈

5B

31

Mr

LUI WIN LEE

雷永利

TEACHER

32

Mr

LEE TSZ CHOI

李子才

TEACHER

Mr

LAI SAMUEL DIC SUM

黎的琛

5E

Mr

YUNG TIN YAM

容天任

5E

35

Mr

CHONG HOI YEUNG

莊凱揚

5E

36

Mr

鍾子康

ALUMNA

37

Ms

CHUNG TSZ HONG LEE YAU SZE

李悠思

6C

38

Ms

KUAN WING

官泳

6C

Ms

CHAN YUEN YING

陳婉瑩

7B

Ms

YUEN KA YIU

袁嘉遙

7B

41

Ms

LOK MING YUI JOANNA

樂明睿

6A

42

Ms

LEUNG SZE MAN

梁思敏

6C

3 4

9 10

15 16

21 22

27 28

33 34

39 40

Room 1

Room 2

Room 3

Room 4

Room 5

Room 6

Room 7

Room No.

[FIELD TRIP TO INNER MONGOLIA] 35

43

Mr

LEUNG LAP CHI MICHAEL

梁立志

7B

44

Mr

LEUNG LOK HANG

7B

Mr

MAK YIN FUNG

梁樂恒 麥彥烽

Mr

MAK KI FUNG

麥麒烽

6D

47

Mr

CHAU KEI LOK

周寄樂

6B

48

Mr

LAU SAI LAP JACKY

留世立

6B

49

Mr

HAU YAT LONG

侯日朗

6C

50

Mr

YAU CHAK LAM

邱澤霖

6B

Mr

TUNG HO KWAN

董皓鈞

6C

Mr

LEE WAI SHEK

李偉碩

6C

53

Mr

YIP KWOK LOEN

葉國倫

5E

54

Mr

CHIU CHEUK LUN

趙卓麟

5E

57

Ms

LEUNG CHEUK WING

梁卓穎

5E

Ms

LEUNG WING YAN

梁詠欣

5E

Ms

SO WAN CHI

蘇蘊芝

5E

Ms

YEUNG NGA TING

楊雅婷

7B

61

Ms

CHAN NGA CHING

陳雅靜

7B

55

Mr

WONG CHEUNG TSIN

王翔仟

4E

56

Mr

WU WAI LAM WILLIAM

胡煒林

4E

Mr

LAM TSZ FUNG

林梓峰

7B

Mr

CHU HO KAN

朱浩勤

7B

64

Mr

HUNG LING PONG

孔令邦

7B

65

Mr

TANG WING NAM

鄧永男

7B

Ms

KONG TSUI YAN JENNY

江翠欣

TEACHER

Ms

YIP SAU FAN

葉秀芬

TEACHER

45 46

51 52

58 59 60

62 63

66 67

Room 8

Room 9

Room 10

Room 11

Room 12

7B

36 [FIELD TRIP TO INNER MONGOLIA]

Room List (for accommodation in Beijing, Datong and Baotou) Room 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42

Name

Name in Chinese

Class

Room 1

Mr

PANG CHUNG HEI

彭頌晞

4D

Mr

CHAN JEREMY WING CHEE

陳穎智

5B

Room 2

Mr

CHAN ZI TAO

陳梓淘

4D

Mr

YIU CHAP PANG

姚集鵬

4E

Room 3

Mr

NG HO BUN

吳浩賓

TEACHER

Mr

CHAI CHUNG FAI

徐仲輝

TEACHER

Room 4

Ms

NG JENNY CHO YEE

吳祖怡

4E

Ms

LAU HIU YING

劉曉盈

4E

Room 5

Ms

LUK WING LAM

陸穎琳

4A

Ms

MA KI

馬琪

4B

Room 6

Ms

WONG YI LOK

王薾樂

4B

Ms

FUNG MAN YEE

馮敏儀

4C

Room 7

Ms

WONG YUET YI

王悅誼

4E

Ms

KATHERINE SZE YUK PING

施鈺萍

4E

Room 8

Ms

CHAN YUI TING EVELYN

陳睿婷

4A

Ms

CYNTHIA GAO

高雨寧

4B

Room 9

Ms

SINANU, MELINA CHIARA PANG YI MAN

施美思

5E

Ms

彭伊雯

4E

Room 10

Ms

LAW HIU YAN

羅曉欣

5E

Ms

LO CHEUK NGA

盧綽雅

5E

Room 11

Ms

MA CHING KI

馬靖祺

5C

Ms

LAU AVA

劉瑤珈

5E

Room 12

Ms

WONG SZE YUNG

黃詩融

5E

Ms

HAU KA LAM

侯嘉霖

5E

Room 13

Mr

NG SHING LAI TERRY

伍晟禮

4E

Mr

HUNG YU HONG

洪宇康

4E

Room 14

Mr

SZE PUI SHING, JORDAN

施沛承

4A

Mr

CHOI CHUN MING

蔡雋銘

4A

Room 15

Mr

YU CHAK YUK

虞澤煜

5B

Mr

LO CHUN KEI

盧駿祈

5B

Room 16

Mr

LUI WIN LEE

雷永利

TEACHER

Mr

LEE TSZ CHOI

李子才

TEACHER

Room 17

Mr

LAI SAMUEL DIC SUM

黎的琛

5E

Mr

YUNG TIN YAM

容天任

5E

Room 18

Mr

CHONG HOI YEUNG

莊凱揚

5E

Mr

鍾子康

ALUMNA

Room 19

Ms

CHUNG TSZ HONG LEE YAU SZE

李悠思

6C

Ms

KUAN WING

官泳

6C

Room 20

Ms

CHAN YUEN YING

陳婉瑩

7B

Ms

YUEN KA YIU

袁嘉遙

7B

Room 21

Ms

LOK MING YUI JOANNA

樂明睿

6A

Ms

LEUNG SZE MAN

梁思敏

6C

[FIELD TRIP TO INNER MONGOLIA] 37

43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67

Room 22

Mr

LEUNG LAP CHI MICHAEL

梁立志

7B

Mr

LEUNG LOK HANG

7B

Room 23

Mr

MAK YIN FUNG

梁樂恒 麥彥烽

Mr

MAK KI FUNG

麥麒烽

6D

Room 24

Mr

CHAU KEI LOK

周寄樂

6B

Mr

LAU SAI LAP JACKY

留世立

6B

Room 25

Mr

HAU YAT LONG

侯日朗

6C

Mr

YAU CHAK LAM

邱澤霖

6B

Room 26

Mr

TUNG HO KWAN

董皓鈞

6C

Mr

LEE WAI SHEK

李偉碩

6C

Room 27

Mr

YIP KWOK LOEN

葉國倫

5E

Mr

CHIU CHEUK LUN

趙卓麟

5E

Room 28

Mr

WONG CHEUNG TSIN

王翔仟

4E

Mr

WU WAI LAM WILLIAM

胡煒林

4E

Ms

LEUNG CHEUK WING

梁卓穎

5E

Ms

LEUNG WING YAN

梁詠欣

5E

Ms

SO WAN CHI

蘇蘊芝

5E

Room 30

Ms

YEUNG NGA TING

楊雅婷

7B

Ms

CHAN NGA CHING

陳雅靜

7B

Room 31

Mr

LAM TSZ FUNG

林梓峰

7B

Mr

CHU HO KAN

朱浩勤

7B

Room 32

Mr

HUNG LING PONG

孔令邦

7B

Mr

TANG WING NAM

鄧永男

7B

Room 33

Ms

KONG TSUI YAN JENNY

江翠欣

TEACHER

Ms

YIP SAU FAN

葉秀芬

TEACHER

Room 29

7B

Work allocation

First Aid: Wong Yi Lok 4B, Luk Wing Lam 4A

Tour Hoi Y leader: C h eung Eric ong

Campus TV: Chan Jeremy Wing Chee 5B, Wong Sze Yung 5E Photographers: Hau Yat Long 6C, Mak Yin Fung 7B.

38 [FIELD TRIP TO INNER MONGOLIA]

Mr. Ng, Pang Chung Hei Chan Wing Chee, Luk Wing Lam Ma Ki, Yu Chak Yuk Lo Chun Kei, Lok Ming yui, Leung Sze Man, Chan Yuen Ying，Yuen Ka Yiu

Group List

Mr. Chai, Chan Zi Tao, Yip Chap Pang, Chan Yui Ting, Cynthia Gao, Ng Shing Lai, Hung Yu Hong, Lai Dic Sum, Yung Tin Yam, Lee Sau Sze, Kuan Wing

Miss Kong, Wong Yi Lok, Fung Man Yee, Melina, Pang Yi Man, Yip Kwok Loen, Chiu Cheuk Lun, Tung Ho Kwan, Lee Wai Shek, Law Hiu Yan, Lo Cheuk Nga

Mr. Lui, Ma Ching Ki, Lau Ava, Sze Pui Shing, Choi Chun Ming, Chong Hoi Yeung, Chung Tsz Hong, Leung Lap Chi, Leung Lok Hang, Hau Yat Long, Yau Chak Lam, Yeung Nga Ting, Chan Nga Ching

A

Mr. Lee, Ng Cho Yee, Lau Hiu Ying, Wong Sze Yung, Hau Ka Lam, Chau Kei Lok, Lau Sai Lap, Wong Cheung Tsin, Wu Wai Lam, Lam Tsz Fung, Chu Ho Kan

Miss Yip, Wong Yuet Yi, Sze Yuk Ping, , Mak Yin Fung, Mak Ki Fung, Leung Cheuk Wing, Leung Wing Yan, So Wan Chi, Hung Ling Pong, Tang Wing Nam

B

[FIELD TRIP TO INNER MONGOLIA] 39

出發前備忘 (一) 參加者攜帶物品 1. 背囊或旅行袋：應儘量輕便，在出發時寫上姓名，以便識別。手提行李不可過大，亦不能 藏有小刀之類的利器。 2. 衣物：內蒙屬溫帶地區，平均溫度約20-30℃，除更替衣物外，更需要帶雨具。 3. 筆、記事簿、硬皮file, 照相機、記憶卡、小型電筒、輕便背包、水壺。 4. 核對Check-list攜帶物品。 (二) 檢查自己的證件是否仍然有效。請帶備有效之身份證及護照正本副本各一，並緊記檢查清 楚所有證件有否過期。 (三) 於出發前，學生需自行購買旅遊保險。 (四) 根據自己的健康狀況，帶上所需要的常備藥品，如消炎、止痛暈浪，清熱解毒、止痾藥、 等藥物。 (五) 告訴家人有關活動的安排及緊急聯絡電話。 (六) 帶備足夠的日圓 (大約三萬元)。 (七) 請勿攜帶打稅物品，行李以合理數量及不阻礙全團過關進度爲原則。 (八) 帶備團刊及有關資料。 (九) 手提行李中不可攜有超過100mL的液體。 (十) 建議物品列表，已帶請 tick：

CHECKLIST 風褸 替換衣服 內衣褲 長褲 拖鞋 輕便波鞋或行山鞋 襪子 輕便急救用品(膠布等) 濕紙巾 紙巾 牙刷牙膏牙線 漱口水 梳 洗頭水 護髮素 沐浴露 浴巾 手帕 洗面膏 個人護膚用品 藥膏 防蚊用品 鬚刨+剃鬚膏 女性衛生用品 相機 記憶卡 電池 充電器 手提電話

錄音機 文具 紙張/筆記簿 團刊 身分證 回鄉証 學生證 銀包 現金+零錢 手錶 鬧鐘 個人藥物 喉糖 背囊 / 輕便袋 / 手提包 旅行針線包(只可寄倉) 指甲鉗(只可寄倉) 剪刀 / cutter (只可寄倉) 少量洗衣粉 眼鏡布 即食麵 / 乾糧 / 小食 手電筒 水壺 膠袋 污衣袋 潤膚膏 唇膏 雨傘 / 雨衣 帽子 太陽眼鏡 太陽油

40 [FIELD TRIP TO INNER MONGOLIA]

參加者須知 1. 參加者是代表所屬學校，故各人必須做好學生本份，注意言行及態度。 2. 參加者應聽從領隊老師的指導，不可有任何違規行爲。 3. 同學參加本團，要尊重集體，尊重別人，不可擅自單獨行動，宜學習與人相 處之道。 4. 遊學團活動內容豐富，行程安排緊密，同學要遵守紀律，不論是集體活動或 自由活動，都須準時集合。大家要有團體精神，保持合作。 5. 遊學團行程內之活動，參加者須積極參與，不能藉辭缺席，更不可擅自離團 或外出。 6. 確保人身安全，入住培訓樓或酒店時應瞭解緊急疏散途徑，遇有意外時，要 保持鎮定。個人財物要妥善保管，貴重物品要隨身攜帶。 7. 外出活動時，無論在旅遊地點、車上或路上，同學必須自重檢點，注意言行， 切勿騷擾別人。 8. 遊學團活動期間，同學不可飲用含有酒精成份的飲品。 9. 遊學團活動期間，如遇上問題，須主動向領隊老師諮詢，切勿坐視致使問題 惡化；如遇意外，應即時向領隊老師或團長報告。 10. 學生在乘坐旅遊車時，應遵守下列各點： 1. 在乘車途中必須注意安全，不得隨意走動或玩耍； 2. 沿途不得大聲呼叫； 3. 任何時候不可將身體的任何部分伸出窗外； 4. 上落汽車時，應等待車輛完全停定。 11. 本遊學團是以學習爲主，並非一般旅行團，應儘量把握機會學習。 12. 請尊重領隊/導遊，在講者講解行程/觀光點時，請留心聽講，抱良好的學習 態度。

[FIELD TRIP TO INNER MONGOLIA] 41

Publication of magazine Guidelines 1.

Each group should be responsible for an enquiry study on one of the following topics: Issues

Desertification

Related subjects Geography

Key enquiry questions -

Farming activities

Geography

evidence of desertification in Inner Mongolia role of human activities in causing desertification in Inner Mongolia remedial measures to alleviate the negative impacts of desertification and their effectiveness

-

Types of farming activities found in Inner Mongolia and their characteristics

-

Farming constraints and measures to alleviate the constraints

Impact of Tourism

Tourism and Hospitality

-

impact of developing tourism potential and difficulties in sustainable tourism

Globalization

Liberal Studies

-

Challenges and opportunities in traditional custom and modern life in Inner Mongolia

-

Preservation of traditional heritage (both tangible and intangible)

-

Evidence of public health condition in Inner Mongolia

-

Measures of maintaining food safety and their effectiveness

-

Existing types of energy resources available in Inner Mongolia

-

Evidence of using renewable energy resources

-

Difficulties or potential of using renewable energy resources in Inner Mongolia

Food safety

Energy issue

2.

3.

4.

5.

Liberal Studies

Liberal Studies

The enquiry study should contain primary source of data such as observation during the field trips, information collected from interviews, visits or group discussion. The enquiry report should contain at least 500 words, written in English.

Other than the enquiry report, you should also submit an individual reflective statement with at least 200 words.

Submit your report one week after the field trip, i.e. 22 July. Send your work to pluifolk@gmail.com You are highly encouraged to use graphs, sketch maps and diagrams to present your information.

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NOTES

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NOTES

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CCSC Production 2012