Overseas Field Trip Workbook (Three Gorges 2009) by Patrick Lui

Geography Field Trip Workbook

Field Trip Report 1

Field Trip to Three Gorges  Wuhan, Yichang, San Dou Ping  8‐14 April 2009  Name:____________________ Class:__________ Class number:_________

Cheung Chuk Shan College

Geography Panel

Field Trip Report 2

Itinerary of Trip to Three Gorges Date

Itinerary

Relevant  Geography  topics

Discussion  sessions

8/4/2009  (Wed)

Take Dragon Air KA850 to Wuhan at 0850 arrive at Wuhan Airport at 1035 Visit Wuhan University and Huazhong University of Science and Technology

City & Sustainable Development

9/4/2009  (Thu)

Visit Wuhan Iron and Steel Plant (Wugang) Visit Hubei Provincial Museum Visit Yichang and the Three Gorges site to understand the operation and construction of the Three Gorges Project

Industry Trouble of Water Power

Session 1: City and Industrial Development in Wuhan

10/4/2009  (Fri)

Cruise along Chang Jiang Observe major fluvial features: gorges / waterfall / rapids

Landforms and exogenetic processes

Session 2: Three Gorges Project and related issues

11/4/2009  (Sat)

Cruise along Chang Jiang

Landforms and exogenetic processes

12/4/2009  (Sun)

Cruise along Chang Jiang Interview resettlement villagers

Trouble of Water

13/4/2009  (Mon)

Visit Chang Jiang Water Resources Commission Visit major tourist spots in city of Wuhan Take 2015 Dragon Air (KA851) to Hong Kong arrive at Hong Kong at 2225

Trouble of Water City and sustainable development

Session 3: Conclusion

Field Trip Report 3

Day 1: City of Wuhan 1. Refer to Figures 1a and 1b which show the geographical location of Wuhan. Figure 1a

Figure 1b

â&#x20AC;Š a.

Field Trip Report 4â&#x20AC;Š Based on figure 1a, describe the geographical location of Wuhan.

_____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ b.

Based on figure 1b, describe the physical settings of the city of Wuhan.

Refer to Table 2, which shows the changes in land area in Wuhan from 1949 to 1993.

Land use area Built-up area Open space Industrial area Total area of city

1949

Land area 1959 1972

1993

1949-1959 Expansion Expansion area velocity 7327 211%

1972-1993 Expansion Expansion area velocity 10303 95%

3470

10797

21100

3160

9249

5611

6089

192%

-3638

-39%

214

4045

4900

3831

1790%

855

21%

45500

45510

846710

801200

1760%

â&#x20AC;Š

Field Trip Report 5â&#x20AC;Š

Plot a composite bar graph to show the changes in various land uses (built-up area, open space and industrial land use) in Wuhan from 1949 to 1993.

Based on the graph you have drawn, describe and explain the changes of various urban land use types of Wuhan between 1972 and 1993.

â&#x20AC;Š 3.

Field Trip Report 6â&#x20AC;Š Study photographs 3a and 3b which show the two industrial areas A and B in Wuhan. Their locations can be found in figure 1b. Table 3c shows the informaton about these two industrial areas. Photograph 3a

Name of industrial area Total area Types of industrial activities

Table 3c Location A Wuhan Steel Plant (Wugang) 21.17 km2 Iron and steel manufacturing

Photograph 3b

Location B Wuhan Economic & Technological Development Zone (WETDZ) 192.7 km2 automobile industry IT industry export-processing zone RMB 94.696 billion

Total industrial RMB 85.4 billion output value Production since 1955 1993 (data from http://www.wedz.gov.cn/theme/foreignlanguage/en/1-1.html and http://www.wisco.com.cn/wisco_en/brief/aboutus.shtml) a.

Refer to figure 1b, what are the common locational advantages for the setting of the industrial areas at A and B?

â&#x20AC;Š

Field Trip Report 7â&#x20AC;Š

Compare and contrast the characteristics of the industrial activities carried out at locations A and B. Location A Location B

What are the possible environmental impacts brought by the industrial activities at location A?

_____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ d.

Explain why the Wuhan municipal government would like to put stress on the development of WEDTZ in recent years.

Field Trip Report 8  Fill in the following table while visiting the iron and steel plant in Wuhan.

Date of visit Time of visit Assess the iron and steel plant in terms of its... site selection  very good  good  average  poor  very poor accessibility  very high  high  average  low  very low utilities  sufficient  insufficient community facilities  sufficient  insufficient air quality  very good  good  average  poor  very poor water quality  very good  good  average  poor  very poor solid waste problem  very good  good  average  poor  very poor noise level  very high  high  average  low  very low

Remarks

Field Trip Report 9  After touring the city of Wuhan, what urban functions do you think Wuhan performs? Give examples or evidence to support your answer.  commercial  industrial  institutional / administrative  tourist  transport  if others, please specify: ___________________

_____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________

research chooses fringe of Wuhan as study object, including inner ring areas of Dongxihu District, Han’nan District, Caidian _____________________________________________________________________ District, Jiangxia District, Huangpi District and Xinzhou District; regions between inner and outer ring circle such a _____________________________________________________________________ Qingshan District, Hongshan District, Jiang’an District and _____________________________________________________________________ Hanyang District and so forth. In order to simplify the research _____________________________________________________________________ we put parts of Jiang’an District, Qiaokou District, Wuchang District, Qingshan District, Hongshan District and Jiang’an District together as urban center. Wuhan has a dense traffic f. Refer to figure 3d and use your observation. Do you think Wuhan can be network composed of main highway, railroad and sea-route to qualified to be an international city? Why? form a radicalized traffic structure. The main traffic routes are shown in Figure 1. Figure 3d _____________________________________________________________________

____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ _______________________________________________________________ Fig 1. Map of Wuhan _______________________________________________________________

3.2

Data

_______________________________________________________________

We adopt 1:8,000,000 Wuhan administrative map as regiona data resource. Land use data comes from Wuhan Statistica Book and Wuhan Real Estate Statistical Book from 1990 to 2000. We choose land use category system of 8 categories, such as, arable land, garden plot, woodlands, pastures, urban land use

Field Trip Report 10

Day 2: City of Yichang 4. Refer to figure 4a and the extract below. Figure 4a

Extract 4b Yichang is the administrative centre of nine surrounding counties. lts population is engaged in light industry, chemical and steel production. The construction of the Gezhou Dam helped Yichang to grow from a small town of 30,000 into a city of 4.136 million. The construction of Gezhouba ended on December 10, 1988. It boasts a generating capacity of 2.71 GWh along with three ship locks, two power stations that generate 14,100 GWh of electricity annually, the 27 gates of the spillway, and the no flowing Dam on both banks. The dam is 2,595 m long with a maximum height of 47 m. The reservoir has a total volume of 1.58 km³. The Three Gorges Dam is only 44 kilometres (27 miles) upstream Thus although some houses and factories will be submerged, new buildings have been built higher up, in anticipation of the economic boom in the Yichang administrative region. Major tourist attractions in Yichang are Gezhouba ( and Xilingxia ( . a.

Explain why the construction of the dams can raise the population of Yichang.

Despite the construction of a dam near Yichang, explain why the construction of another dam (Three Gorges Dam) upstream is necessary.

â&#x20AC;Š c.

Field Trip Report 11â&#x20AC;Š Figure 4c shows the spatial changes of the largest lake, Dongtinhu, near Yichang. Figure 4c

Describe and explain the changes in the size of the lake.

Explain why such changes in the size of the lake may contribute to the problem of flooding.

Field Trip Report 12

Day 3: Three Gorges Project 5.

Figure 5a shows the information about the Three Gorges Dam. Figure 5a

Key: P: Q: R: S:

Explain the locational advantages of the Three Gorges Dam at this section of the Chang Jiang.

â&#x20AC;Š

Field Trip Report 13â&#x20AC;Š

Refer to figure 5a. Identify the four different parts of the dam and their respective purposes. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ c.

Observe the operation of the five-step ship lock on board. Draw a series of sketch diagrams to show how it works.

Field Trip Report 14  Figures 5b and 5c show the five-step ship lock and ship lift respectively. What are the differences between them? Why do some ships use ship lock instead of ship lift?

Figure 5c

Figure 5d shows the construction sequences of the Three Gorges Dam. Arrange them in correct order. Figure 5d

III

_____  _____  _____  _____  _____ IV

â&#x20AC;Š f.

Field Trip Report 15â&#x20AC;Š Study figures 5e & 5f which show the satellite pictures of the Three Gorges Dam taken at different times. Figure 5e

Describe the changes of the landscape of the area shown from 1987 to 2004.

What are the possible socio-economic and ecological impacts of such changes on the area?

Field Trip Report 16  Figure 5f

1987

2001

2004

2006

Field Trip Report 17

â&#x20AC;Š

Field Trip Report 18â&#x20AC;Š

Day 3 to 5: Cruise along Chang Jiang 6. Figure 6a shows the geology of the Three Gorges area. Figure 6a

Key: 1. ;2. ;3. ;4. ;5. ;6. ;7. ;8. ;9. a. In your observation at the field, what is the major type of rock in the Three Gorges area? What are their characteristics? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ b.

Along the Chang Jiang, identify the physical features associated with this type of rock.

Field Trip Report 19

Figure 6b is a series of annotated diagrams showing the formation of gorges along Chang Jiang. Fill in the descriptions for each diagram with the statements provided. Figure 6b

Most of the gorges formed along Chang  Jiang are found in ______________  area which is formed by ________  resistant sedimentary rocks.

_____________ joints are more  developed in the area and therefore,  _______________ is more dominant.

Moreover, ______________ in the area  further accelerates vertical erosion.

Strong river erosion takes place in the  form of  ___________________________ and  abrasion.

The river bed is _________________  and gorges are formed.

While vertical erosion takes place, the  river __________ on the two sides of  the river become cliffs.

Mass wasting such as  ________________ is common on less  resistant rocks like sandstone and  shale.

Hints Limestone, landslides, deepened, widened, vertical, hydraulic action,

As time goes by, the gorges become  ________________ and form river  valleys.

more, less, downcutting, banks, faulting.

Field Trip Report 20  Figure 7 shows an aerial photograph near Qutang Xia (

a. On figure 7a, label Chang Jiang and draw arrows to show the direction of river flow. b. Describe the locational characteristics of settlement A. _________________________________

Figure 7

_________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ Bai Di Chen  ( )

c. Name activity B. Observe and describe the activity. _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________

Activity B

d. Estimate the height of water level. _________________________________ e. What will happen to Bai Di Chen after water level rises up to 175 m? _________________________________

Highway  S103

_________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ f. Observe and describe the historical and cultural value of Bai Di Chen. _________________________________

Settlement A

_________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________

Ferry  Pier

_________________________________ g. What are the government efforts in preserving the historical and cultural heritage in Bai Di Chen? _________________________________ _________________________________

â&#x20AC;Š 8.

Field Trip Report 21â&#x20AC;Š Observe and describe any geographical features you can see along the cruise. You can draw sketch diagrams to show their characteristics.

Field Trip Report 22  You are going to interview the residents affected by the Three Gorges Project in the resettlement village. Prepare some questions and write down in the box below. Jot down the answers during the interview. INTERVIEW NOTES

Field Trip Report 23

Make contributions  Write an essay about the trip on one of the  following topics:  ‐ Three Gorges Project from a historical perspective  ‐ Three Gorges Landscape  ‐ Three Gorges Project as a multi‐purpose water project  ‐ Urban and Industrial Development in Wuhan

Email your essays to:  amy91_87@hotmail.com

Submit at least 3  photos and an essay  (around 600 words in  Chinese) on or before  19 April 2009.  Don’t forget to include  your name and class.