Τοις Εντευξομένοις τ. 111

Definition, Types of Intervention, Concerns of Gentrification

Τοισ Eντευξομένοισ

Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns

Οι αναπτυξιακέσ αρμοδιότητεσ των Περιφερειών: Ετερόκλητεσ

προςεγγίςει, τρέχουςεσ πρακτικέσ

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Architect

Του κ. Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ / Const . GE. ATHANASOPOULOS

Καθηγητού Προγρ. Σπ. Πανεπ. Αθηνών, Ομοτ. Καθηγητού ΠΑΝΤΕΙΟΥ Π.Κ.Π.Ε.,

τ. Μϋλουσ Διοικ. Συμβ., Ex Μϋλουσ Συγκλότου,

τ. Προϋδρου, Ex Καθηγητού Σχ. Νομ. και Κοιν. Επιςτ. Πανεπ. ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πϊφοσ, Καθηγητού επύ Tιμό, Σχολόσ Εθνικόσ Αμύνησ Ελλϊδοσ,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1.Introductory approach:Defining the concept

1.Introductory approach:Defining the concept

ANTISTHENIS,the ancient Greek philosopher,(444 BC - 370 BC,Athens), among other wise heritage he left us,he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts.

ANTISTHENIS,the ancient Greek philosopher,(444 BC - 370 BC,Athens), among other wise heritage he left us,he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts.

τ. Καθηγητού Σχολ. Αξιωμ. και Σχολ. Εθνικόσ Αςφαλεύασ Ελληνικόσ Αςτυνομύασ, τ. Προϋδρου Σχολόσ Δημοςιογραφύασ Αθηνών, Δικηγόρου, παρ΄ Α.Π., Σ.τ.Ε., Ελ. Σ., Δικ. Ε.Ε. και Σ. τ. Ευρώπησ, Κατόχου πολλών Ευρωπαώκ. και Εθνικών Τιμητικό Διακρύςεων Ex Ch. L. U. L., Bruxelles, Ex Int. I.I.A.P., Paris

Based,therefore,on this “principle”in a first,if not final,approach,the term gentrification1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well),as the “refining”of a city area,the removal from this,(in various ways),of social groups,usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries,restaurants,etc.However this “change”,regardless of whatever other consequences has,results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation).

τελευταύεσ δεκαετύεσ, εξελύξεισ και ςυνθόκεσ, πολιτικϋσ, κοινωνικϋσ, οικονομικϋσ, δημογραφικϋσ, περιβαλλοντολογικϋσ, πολιτιςτικϋσ, δημιούργηςαν πολλϋσ, ιδιότυπεσ και sui generis ανϊγκεσ, τισ οπούεσ

Based,therefore,on this “principle”in a first,if not final,approach,the term gentrification1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well),as the “refining”of a city area,the removal from this,(in various ways),of social groups,usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries,restaurants,etc.However this “change”,regardless of whatever other consequences has,results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation).

Οι εξελύξεισ και οι εμφανιςθεύςεσ νϋεσ ςυνθόκεσ ζ ωόσ κατϊ τισ

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of London,upgrade them,stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”.

ςπεύδουν να καλύψουν, εν τω μϋτρω του εφικτού, τα ςύγχρονα Κρϊτη

Δυτικού Τύπου, (δηλαδό Κρϊτη Δικαύου και Πρόνοιασ), εύτε διότι οι Πολύτεσ αδυνατούν να τισ καλύψουν, εύτε διότι αυτϊ τα ύδια, πρϋπει να δικαιώςουν την αποςτολό τουσ ωσ Κρατών Δικαύου και Πρόνοιασ.

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of London,upgrade them,stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period,while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries,by other Researchers.

Η προςϋγγιςη όμωσ αυτών των αναγκών οδηγεύ μοιραύωσ ςε «μετϊλλαξη», «αναμόρφωςη», «μεταπούηςη» των δομών τουσ, εν ςχϋςει με τα κατϊ το παρελθόν, και υπό διϊφορεσ βεβαύωσ ςυνθόκεσ ιςχύοντα και «εναποθϋτει» επ΄αυτών νϋεσ αρμοδιότητεσ, νϋα νομικϊ μορφώματα, νϋεσ

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period,while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries,by other Researchers.

Since then,the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below,from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification,the following:

δραςτηριότητεσ, νϋεσ μορφϋσ θετικών παρεμβϊςεων, αλλϊ και «μειώνει»,

Since then,the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below,from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification,the following:

ενύοτε, το εύροσ των παραδοςιακών αρμοδιοτότων τουσ, αφού

καταδεικνύει την ανϊγκη εκχώρηςόσ τουσ προσ ϊςκηςη ςε τρύτουσ ό την

ϊςκηςό τουσ εν ςυνεργαςύα με τρύτουσ, ανεξαρτότωσ τησ νομικόσ

υπόςταςησ των τρύτων.

In a sense,the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups to “return”to the city,leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown,where work place is,lack of the sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres,search for better services of health,education,entertainment “at the heart of the city”,(possibly) lower living cost of,“withdrawal”from private car easier access to markets,etc.

Μεταξύ των «αναπόφευκτων» δομικών αλλαγών περιλαμβϊνονται

οι νϋεσ, διευρυμϋνων αρμοδιοτότων διοικητικϋσ δομϋσ των Περιφερειών, (υπό τη διοικητικό και την οικονομικό προςϋγγιςη του όρου), των Νομών

ό Νομαρχιακών Αυτοδιοικόςεων

According to another approach,the phenomenon is due to a systematic and long-term informal effort by organized groups,manufacturers,brokers of buying and selling real estate,etc.,for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web,in a variety of ways,in order to achieve the “assisted”,“voluntary”,(actually

1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher in the University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm

εξυπηρϋτηςη των πολιτών, τόςο επύ «παραδοςιακών» πεδύων, όςο και επύ

νϋων τομϋων, π.χ. χρηματοδότηςη ιδιωτικών επενδύςεων.

Definition, Types of Intervention, Concerns of Gentrification

Προσ τισ «μεταλλαγμϋνεσ» αυτϋσ δομϋσ, προςβλϋπουν μετϊ μεγύςτων

προςδοκιών, τόςο το ςύγχρονο Κρϊτοσ Δικαύου και Προνούασ, όςο και δύο

Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns

ϊλλεσ κατηγορύεσ εμπλεκομϋνων: οι Τοπικού Αιρετού και οι Πολύτεσ Μϋλη

των Τοπικών Κοινωνιών: το Κρϊτοσ επιχειρώντασ να καταςτεύ

«λειτουργικότερο», με την αποκοπό δραςτηριοτότων ποικύλλων, αλλϊ

τοπικόσ εμβϋλειασ, οι Τοπικού Αιρετού υπό το κρϊτοσ φιλόδοξων επιλογών

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Architect

και οι τρύτοι, οι Πολύτεσ, αναμϋνοντεσ την μϋςω ςυλλογικών παρεμβϊςεων

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

διευθϋτηςη ζωτικού χαρακτόροσ υποθϋςεών τουσ και αναγκών τουσ, όπωσ π.χ. η υποβοόθηςη τησ τοπικόσ ανϊπτυξησ.

1.Introductory approach:Defining the concept

1.Introductory approach:Defining the concept

Η Τοπικό Αυτοδιούκηςη, ιδύωσ του Γ΄ βαθμού (επύπεδο Περιφϋρειασ), προςφϋρεται ό δύνει την εικόνα, ότι προςφϋρεται, περιςςότερο από ό,τι το Κεντρικό Κρϊτοσ, δηλαδό το ύδιο το νομικό πρόςωπο τησ Πολιτεύασ, λόγω

του μεγϋθουσ των Πολιτικών και Διοικητικών Μονϊδων τησ, για την

ANTISTHENIS,the ancient Greek philosopher,(444 BC - 370 BC,Athens), among other wise heritage he left us,he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts.

ανϊληψη νϋων πρωτοβουλιών, δρϊςεων και καθηκόντων και για την

ανϊληψη ειςαγωγόσ ςυμμετοχικών οικονομικών διαδικαςιών και

ςυμπρϊξεων, επύ ςκοπώ παραγωγόσ ποιοτικώσ καλλι τϋρου και

θεματολογικώσ διευρυμϋνου ϋργου τοπικόσ εμβϋλειασ, επ΄ωφελεύα των υπ΄αυτόσ διοικουμϋνων.

ANTISTHENIS,the ancient Greek philosopher,(444 BC - 370 BC,Athens), among other wise heritage he left us,he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based,therefore,on this “principle”in a first,if not final,approach,the term gentrification1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well),as the “refining”of a city area,the removal from this,(in various ways),of social groups,usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries,restaurants,etc.However this “change”,regardless of whatever other consequences has,results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation).

Based,therefore,on this “principle”in a first,if not final,approach,the term gentrification1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well),as the “refining”of a city area,the removal from this,(in various ways),of social groups,usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries,restaurants,etc.However this “change”,regardless of whatever other consequences has,results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation).

Τα πλεονεκτόματα τησ Τοπικόσ Αυτοδιούκηςησ Γ΄ βαθμού, (επύπεδο Περιφϋρειασ), ςυμποςούνται εν προκειμϋνω, και εν τύνι μϋτρω οφεύλονται, ςτο μϋγεθοσ των διοικητικών μονϊδων τησ, πλην εξαιρϋςεων, ςτην εγγύτητα τησ δομόσ τουσ, ςε ςχϋςη με το Κρϊτοσ, με τουσ Πολύτεσ, ςτον νϋο τησ ρόλο ωσ μοχλού ενδογενούσ ανϊπτυξησ, ςτην δυνατότητα ϊμεςησ

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of London,upgrade them,stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”.

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of London,upgrade them,stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”.

αναθεώρηςησ τυχόν αςτόχων αποφϊςεων, κ.ϊ.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period,while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries,by other Researchers.

καλούνται να αςκόςουν, εύναι και εκεύνεσ επενδυτικού εν γϋνει

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period,while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries,by other Researchers.

Μεταξύ των νϋων αρμοδιοτότων, τισ οπούεσ οι Περιφϋρειεσ

χαρακτόροσ, επύ ςκοπώ παροχόσ προσ τουσ Πολύτεσ υπηρεςιών και

αγαθών τϋτοιασ υφόσ, που αυτού, εύτε δεν μπορούν να παραγϊγουν, λόγω

Since then,the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below,from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification,the following:

τησ φύςησ των πραγμϊτων για τον εαυτό τουσ , εύτε γιατύ το ςχετικό

Since then,the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below,from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification,the following:

κόςτοσ εύναι γι΄αυτούσ αποτρεπτικό, εύτε γιατύ το μϋγεθοσ τησ

Περιφϋρειασ λειτουργεύ αποτρεπτικώσ.

Η ανϊληψη τϋτοιων δραςτηριοτότων επενδυτικού χαρακτόροσ από

τισ Περιφϋρειεσ καθύςταται ςυνεχώσ περιςςότερον επιτακτικό, λόγω των

νϋων ςυνθηκών, παγκοςμιοπούηςησ, ιςοπϋδωςησ και «ομογενοπούηςησ»

In a sense,the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups to “return”to the city,leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown,where work place is,lack of the sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres,search for better services of health,education,entertainment “at the heart of the city”,(possibly) lower living cost of,“withdrawal”from private car easier access to markets,etc.

αρχών και αξιών κ.ϊ., δεδομϋνου, ότι τελικώσ οι Περιφϋρειεσ

«εμπεριϋχουν» μεγϋθη, (γεωγραφικϊ, δημογραφικϊ, οικιςτικϊ, πρώτων

υλών, αναγκών κατανϊλωςησ κ.ϊ.), τα οπούα, εύτε επιτρϋπουν, εύτε

According to another approach,the phenomenon is due to a systematic and long-term informal effort by organized groups,manufacturers,brokers of buying and selling real estate,etc.,for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web,in a variety of ways,in order to achieve the “assisted”,“voluntary”,(actually

1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher in the University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm

Definition, Types of Intervention, Concerns of Gentrification

Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns

κοινού πολυμερών ςχημϊτων, (Κρϊτοσ, Περιφϋρειεσ, Νομού, Δόμοι, Ιδιώτεσ, Αλλοδαπϊ νομικϊ μορφώματα).

Ενδεικτικό αναφορϊ:

ΓΑΛΛΙΑ

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Architect

Δόμοι και Κοινότητεσ, προώπόρχαν τησ Γαλλικόσ Επανϊςταςησ.

1789: Ειςαγωγό τησ διαύρεςησ ςε Νομούσ.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

Περιφϋρειεσ: Ολοκληρώνεται η δομό τουσ κατϊ την δεκαετύα 1980.

1.Introductory approach:Defining the concept

1.Introductory approach:Defining the concept

Σόμερα: 22 Μητροπολιτικϋσ Περιφϋρειεσ, 4 Υπερποντύων Εδαφών.

Το ςύςτημα ευνοεύ την αποκϋντρωςη και την ενύςχυςη του θεςμού

τησ Περιφϋρειασ και των Δόμων. Οι Περιφϋρειεσ ςυμμετϋχουν όχι μόνο ςτη

ANTISTHENIS,the ancient Greek philosopher,(444 BC - 370 BC,Athens), among other wise heritage he left us,he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts.

ςχεδύαςη και ςτισ δαπϊνεσ των αναπτυξιακών προγραμμϊτων, αλλϊ και ςτον τομϋα των ιδιωτικών επενδύςεων. Συγκεκριμϋνα, οι Περιφϋρειεσ

ςυμμετϋχουν ςτην προςϋλκυςη ξϋνων επενδύςεων προβαύνοντασ ςε δραςτηριότητεσ, οι οπούεσ διαφϋρουν από Περιφϋρεια ςε Περιφϋρεια

αναλόγωσ με τισ εκϊςτοτε ανϊγκεσ και τισ κοινωνικϋσ, γεωγραφικϋσ και

οικονομικϋσ ςυνθόκεσ.

ANTISTHENIS,the ancient Greek philosopher,(444 BC - 370 BC,Athens), among other wise heritage he left us,he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based,therefore,on this “principle”in a first,if not final,approach,the term gentrification1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well),as the “refining”of a city area,the removal from this,(in various ways),of social groups,usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries,restaurants,etc.However this “change”,regardless of whatever other consequences has,results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation).

Παρϋχονται τα ακόλουθα κύνητρα:

Based,therefore,on this “principle”in a first,if not final,approach,the term gentrification1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well),as the “refining”of a city area,the removal from this,(in various ways),of social groups,usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries,restaurants,etc.However this “change”,regardless of whatever other consequences has,results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation).

- Επιχορηγόςεισ για την Δημιουργύα νϋων Εταιρειών.

- Επιχορηγόςεισ για την δημιουργύα νϋων θϋςεων εργαςύασ.

-Προώθηςη δραςτηριοτότων, που ςχετύζονται με την ϋρευνα και την τεχνολογύα.

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of London,upgrade them,stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”.

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of London,upgrade them,stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”.

Λειτουργεύ Περιφερειακό Ταμεύο Χρηματοδότηςησ νϋων επιχειρηματικών δραςτηριοτότων, όπωσ:

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period,while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries,by other Researchers.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period,while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries,by other Researchers.

-Επιχειρόςεισ μεταφορϊσ τεχνολογύασ.

Since then,the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below,from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification,the following:

Since then,the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below,from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification,the following:

-Επιδότηςη ςυγκεκριμϋνων δραςτηριοτότων ανϊ Περιφϋρεια. Τα

προγρϊμματα αυτϊ ποικύλλουν από Περιφϋρεια ςε Περιφϋρεια με ςκοπό την αξιοπούηςη των Τοπικών παραγωγικών δυνατοτότων (γεωργύα, ξυλεύα, τουριςμόσ) και την διϊδοςη τησ τεχνολογύασ και τησ καινοτομύασ.

Παραλλόλωσ ςε κϊθε Περιφϋρεια λειτουργεύ Ειδικό Υπηρεςύα

Προςϋλκυςησ Ξϋνων Επενδύςεων.

Τϋλοσ, ςτη δρϊςη των Περιφερειών ςυνδρϊμει το Υπουργεύο

Περιφερειακόσ Ανϊπτυξησ, παρϋχοντασ ςε ςυνεργαςύα με τα

In a sense,the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups to “return”to the city,leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown,where work place is,lack of the sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres,search for better services of health,education,entertainment “at the heart of the city”,(possibly) lower living cost of,“withdrawal”from private car easier access to markets,etc.

Περιφερειακϊ Όργανα πρόςθετεσ ενιςχύςεισ.

1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher in the University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY.

Επιςημαύνεται, ότι, τηρουμϋνων των αναλογιών, mutatis mutandis, η

Γαλλύα,

According to another approach,the phenomenon is due to a systematic and long-term informal effort by organized groups,manufacturers,brokers of buying and selling real estate,etc.,for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web,in a variety of ways,in order to achieve the “assisted”,“voluntary”,(actually

10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm