E¶.A¶. A¶.TO¶. TO¶.AYT. AYT.¶EP. ¶EP.AN. AN./ R.DEC. / R.DEC.ADM. ADM.LOC. LOC.DEV. DEV.REG. REG./ R. / R.DEC. DEC.LOC. LOC.GOV. GOV.REG. REG.DEV. DEV. E¶.
GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete
1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 252137 11
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ΠΡΟΛΟΓΟΣ GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Types of intervention, Concerns ofυπήρξε Gentrification Η Definition, συνθήκη της Λωζάννης κορυφαίο διπλωματικό γεγονός και διεθνής σύμβαση που ρύθμισε τα σύνορα και τις σχέσεις Ελλάδος – Concerns Τουρκίας και άλλων κρατών της Ανατολικής Ευρώπης και της Μέσης
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Ανατολής. Ουσιαστικά τερμάτισε οριστικά τον πρώτο Παγκόσμιο By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Πόλεμο και ιδιαίτερα την ελληνοτουρκική σύρραξη στη Μικρά Ασία. Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Παρά τις συνεχείς τουρκικές By υπονομεύσεις και παραβιάσεις της Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Συνθήκης, χάρις στην ελληνική ανοχή και προσπάθεια, παρέμενε το Student of the School of Architecture βασικό πλαίσιο καλής γειτονίας και συνεργασίας ανάμεσα στα δύο Technical University of Crete όμορα κράτη, που μοιράζονται χερσαία και θαλάσσια σύνορα. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Συνθήκη approach: υπογράφηκε στις 24 Ιουλίου 1923, από τους 1. Η Introductory Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC - 370 Athens), αντιπροσώπους της Αγγλίας, της Γαλλίας, της(444 Ιταλίας, τηςBC, Ιαπωνίας, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great της Γιουγκοσλαβίας, της Ρουμανίας, της Τουρκίαςaκαι της Ελλάδας the σε among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established great acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content of“principle”: concepts. the αντικατάσταση τηςonΣυνθήκης των είχε συμφωνηθεί το acquisition of knowledge starts with theΣεβρών the content of concepts. Based, therefore, this “principle” indefinition a first, που if of not final, approach, theμε term 1 σουλτάνο τον Αύγουστο του 1920. Συγκλονιστική ήταν η στιγμή της Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification προσυπογραφής Συνθήκηςofαπό Όλων τα Sociology as well), asτης the “refining” a cityτον area,Ελευθέριο the removalΒενιζέλο. from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various μάτια είχαν καρφωθεί επάνω του. Ήταν ο κορυφαίος μιας τραγωδίας. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of τη social groups, usually of low-income and thethis of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of Με νέα συνθήκη η Κωνσταντινούπολη, ηplacement Ανατολική Θράκη, η the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also of land prices (and theof Ίμβρος και η Τένεδος παραχωρήθηκαν στηνrising Τουρκία ενώ παρέμειναν whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative στην Ελλάδα ταspeculation). νησιά του Ανατολικού Αιγαίου. Τα Δωδεκάνησα potential relative The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to παρέμειναν κάτω απόis found ιταλικήfirstκατοχή αναγνωρίστηκε ηto The term gentrification in the UKενώ in early 1960s and itareas refersof the then observed trend of wealthyatpeople to buy property in poor προσάρτηση της Κύπρου από τη Βρετανία. Η Τουρκία αποποιήθηκε the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof κάθε διεκδίκηση πάνω στην Κύπρο,sometimes αναγνώρισε όπως London, upgrade them, stay themselves thereτα andνέα thusσύνορα, old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. διαμορφώθηκαν με τη Συνθήκη, και διαβεβαίωσε ότι δεν είχε A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included theσύνορα work ofτης. Sociologist Ruth οποιεσδήποτε εδαφικές διεκδικήσεις έξω απόinwere τα GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities inΟιWestern countries, by other Researchers. διασυνοριακές διευθετήσεις, με εξαίρεση την προσάρτηση της cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars for its more Αλεξανδρέττας το 1939 με τη συγκατάθεση της and Γαλλίας, δεν Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from μεταβλήθηκε και η ισχύς της Συνθήκης δεν διασαλεύθηκε ούτε μετά το comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Δεύτερο Παγκόσμιο Πόλεμο, κατά τον οποίοtheηfollowing: Τουρκία παρέμενε interpretations the phenomenon In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new category of social groups ουδέτερη. Η μόνη μεταβολή του διασυνοριακού καθεστώτος υπήρξε η to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money παραχώρηση στην Ελλάδα, χωρίς τηνis, lack προβολή and time to travelτης fromΔωδεκανήσου the purlieus to downtown, where work place of the οποιωνδήποτε αντιρρήσεων από την Τουρκία. 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin,Ηwhere she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: τουρκική υπαναχώρηση σημειώθηκε στη services ofπρώτη health, σημαντική education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. δεκαετία του 1950, οπότε η Τουρκία πρόβαλε, με τη συνεπικουρία studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, της where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.Με In 1950 she teacher in the to another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and Βρετανίας, διεκδικήσεις πάνω στην Κύπρο. την Τριμερή Διάσκεψη University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying του Λονδίνου τον Σεπτέμβριο του 1955 Τουρκία επίσημα her work are characterized by a passion for justice. Seeηalso: COLLINSκατέστη ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ενδιαφερόμενο μέρος για το Κυπριακό. Πρόκειται για μια πορεία που G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually κατέληξε στις Συμφωνίες Ζυρίχης – Λονδίνου του 1959, με τις οποίες η
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E¶.A¶. A¶.TO¶. TO¶.AYT. AYT.¶EP. ¶EP.AN. AN./ R.DEC. / R.DEC.ADM. ADM.LOC. LOC.DEV. DEV.REG. REG./ R. / R.DEC. DEC.LOC. LOC.GOV. GOV.REG. REG.DEV. DEV. E¶.
GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete
1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Τουρκία μαζί με την Ελλάδα και Βρετανίαthe ανέλαβαν acquisition of knowledge starts with theτη content of Εγγυήτριες concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term Δυνάμεις της Δημοκρατίας, δικαίωμα 1 (andΚυπριακής Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, με if (in notμονομερές final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 επέμβασης. gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Η εμπλοκή της Τουρκίας στο Κυπριακό συνδέθηκε με Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, συστηματικές, φανερές ήrestaurants, συγκαλυμμένες, παραβιάσεις των όρων της the operation of art galleries, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever also κατά rising of land Ελλήνων prices (andτης theof Συνθήκηςother τηςconsequences Λωζάννης, has, με results διώξεις των whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, resultsτων alsoελληνικών rising of land prices (and the potential relative Κωνσταντινούπολης, με την καταπίεση πληθυσμών της potential relative speculation). The term at first the UK inπου early 1960s and it refers to Ίμβρου και gentrification της Τενέδουisμεfound μέτρα και in ενέργειες σαφώς αντιβαίνουν The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor στους όρους τηςtrend Συνθήκης, τηνto buy προσπάθεια inδημιουργίας the then observed wealthyμε people areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes thereproperty and thus oldpoor residents areof μειονοτικού ζητήματος στη Δυτική sometimes Θράκη, ενώ πρόσφατα ο residents Πρόεδρος London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and thus old are being indirectly “squeezed”. της Τουρκίας Ταγίπ Ερντογάν με συνεχείς αναφορές του προσβάλλει being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth το κύρος αμφισβητεί τους similar όρους της Συνθήκης. A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at και the same while in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major συλλογικό τόμο πουResearchers. έχετε στα χέρια σας συμμετέχουν με cities inΣτο Western countries, by other cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, issue has preoccupied scholars and for its more κείμενά τουςthe έντεκα ιστορικοί και several πολιτικοί επιστήμονες, που Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various εξετάζουν την ιστορία του Συνεδρίου της Λωζάννης και την υπογραφή comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: της ομώνυμηςofΣυνθήκης, ανατέμνουν και αναλύουν το περιεχόμενο και interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups εξετάζουν την εφαρμογή, την ισχύ, την πορεία και τις επιπτώσεις της to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money μέσα στο χρόνο. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Στον περιλαμβάνεται επίσης το πλήρες κείμενο τηςin The termτόμο from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born sense1.of safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study όσων entitled: Συνθήκης, για ενημέρωση και περαιτέρω προβληματισμό services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for επιθυμούν να εγκύψουν στοcar περιεχόμενό lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva,περισσότερο Prague, London and New York she cameτης. back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Γιώργος ΓΕΩΡΓΗΣ her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Χρίστος Κ. ΚΥΡΙΑΚΙΔΗΣ G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Χαράλαμπος Γ. ΧΑΡΑΛΑΜΠΟΥΣ
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