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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Συνέντευξη του Καθηγητού Κων. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ: Concerns Το Πανεπιστήμιο ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος,
By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Κοιτίδα Παιδείας, Επιστήμης και Πολιτισμού
Το
Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Πανεπιστήμιο ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ στην Πάφο έχει καταστεί μέσα Technical University of Crete
σε λίγα χρόνια, από την ίδρυσή του το έτος 2010, σημαντική κοιτίδα 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept
1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept παιδείας, επιστήμης και πολιτισμού, υλοποιώντας, τοAthens), όραμα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -έτσι, 370 BC,
the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he του, left us, he established a great the τουANTISTHENIS, Ιδρυτού και Προέδρου κ. Μιχαλάκη ΛΕΠΤΟΥ. among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Μεtherefore, μεθόδους acquisition ofπρωτοποριακές knowledge starts with theindefinition the content ofερευνητικές concepts. Based, on this “principle” a first,διδασκαλίας, if of not final, approach, the term 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the areaΕπιστημονικές of Planning) (or gentrification δραστηριότητες ποικίλλων πεδίων, παράλληλες 1 (andεπί gentrification urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various κι Επιμορφωτικές εκδηλώσεις, έκδοση υπό μέλους του ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of Επιστημονικού Προσωπικού Περιοδικού, συμμετοχή των the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherτου consequences results also rising of land prices (and the διδασκόντων σε διεθνείςhas, δραστηριότητες - Συνέδρια Ημερίδες, potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to υπογραφή Πρωτοκόλλων Συνεργασίας με Πανεπιστήμια, με The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UKξένα in early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas επιλογή βάσει αυστηρών προδιαγραφών των Μελών του London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. το Πανεπιστήμιο ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ χαίρει πλέον Διδακτικού Προσωπικού, being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon included inwere theΚοινωνία work of Sociologist Ruth αρίστης αποδοχής από την is situations Κυπριακή και major την GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Επιστημονική Κοινότητα και εκτός Κύπρου. cities in Western countries, byεντός other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Since the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more Μεthen, σχετική συζήτησή μας,summarized ο Καθηγητής καιfrom Πρόεδρος της comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Σχολής Νομικών Κοινωνικών Επιστημών, Κωνσταντίνος ΓΕ. interpretations theκαι phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus several reasons: highαπό costsπλευράς in money ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, αναφέρει ότι η for συνεχής επένδυση and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Πανεπιστημίου σεfrom στελέχη, νέες τεχνολογίες καιRuth σε search πρωτοπόρες termat comes Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) τεχνικές διδασκαλίας και έρευνας συγκροτούν σημαντικά εχέγγυα Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower livingresearch cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, για τοand Πανεπιστήμιο ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ προς επίτευξη των in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due aπολυεδρικών systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying σκοπών και στόχων του. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually
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Κύριε Καθηγητά, εκτιμάτε η Κύπρος μπορεί να καταστεί GENTRIFICATION Definition, Typesότιof Intervention, διεθνής πόλος Πανεπιστημιακών δραστηριοτήτων; Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification «Η απάντηση είναι εντόνως καταφατικό και παρά την Concerns τρέχουσα, μη επιθυμητή διεθνή συγκυρία, οι προοπτικές είναι ιδιαιτέρως θετικές.
By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS
University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Με τη δεδομένηHarvard αποδοχή, π.χ. του Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ
By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect
εκτός Κύπρου, λόγω προσφοράς υψηλής ποιότητας εκπαιδευτικών Student of the School of Architecture of Crete υπηρεσιών και μάλιστα σε προσιτό κόστος,Technical κοινώνUniversity δράσεων με
1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept αλλοδαπά πανεπιστήμια, συμμετοχής σε Προγράμματα Ανταλλαγής 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept
ANTISTHENIS, the ancient από Greek (444 BC - 370σπουδών BC, Athens), Φοιτητών, οι χορηγούμενοι τοphilosopher, Πανεπιστήμιο ως ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444τίτλοι BC - 370 BC, Athens),
among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the among other wise τίτλους heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a αποτελούν greatof“principle”: the ισότιμοι με τους κύρους, έγκυρα acquisition of knowledge startsΠανεπιστημίων with of the content concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term διαβατήρια, για περαιτέρω σπουδές οπουδήποτε και ευχερούς 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or εισόδου στις αγορές Sociology as well), as theεργασίας». “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Ποιοι κλάδοι σπουδών είναι οι δημοφιλείς στο ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and πλέον thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof Πανεπιστήμιό σας; whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative «Με ευχαρίστηση σας πληροφορώ ότι όλοι παρεχόμενοι κλάδοι potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed ofiswealthy to buy property in poor σπουδών από τοtrend Πανεπιστήμιό μαςinχαίρουν ιδιαίτερης εκτίμησης, the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof λόγω της υψηλής ποιότητας τους καιthere των «παράπλευρων» London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth πρόσθετων δωρεάν ποικίλλων δραστηριοτήτων εμπλουτισμού του A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Επιστημονικού σκέλους τους. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities inΓνωρίζετε, Western countries, bypreoccupied other Since then, the issue has several scholars and forσπουδών its more βεβαίως, οι Researchers. επιλογές προγραμμάτων Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from συναρτώνται με σειρά παραγόντων, όπως προσωπικής comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category ofοικονομικής social groups ιδιοσυγκρασίας, οικογενειακών προτεραιοτήτων, to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money κατάστασης κ.ά. Με ευχαρίστηση and time to travel from the ιδιαίτερη purlieus to downtown, whereσας workπληροφορώ place is, lack ofότι the 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, σήμερα οι φοιτητές μας προέρχονται από περισσότερα από 20 κράτη. Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for ΣτοcostΠανεπιστήμιο ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, πέραν τωνback Διοικητικών lower living of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Στελεχών Υποδοχής Νέων Φοιτητών, όλοι οι διδάσκοντες είναι University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. οποτεδήποτε ζητηθεί στη διάθεση initially τωνWIKIPEDIA: ενδιαφερόμενων για and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aπεραιτέρω variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually διευκρινήσεις, υπεύθυνες υποδείξεις κ.ά. 252181 11
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Μεταξύ τωνGENTRIFICATION προσφερόμενων Προγραμμάτων Σπουδών Definition, Types σήμερα of Intervention, αναφέρω ενδεικτικά τα εξής: Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Προπτυχιακά Προγράμματα μεταξύ άλλων: Νομική, Διοίκηση Concerns Επιχειρήσεων, Εκτίμηση και Ανάπτυξη Ακινήτων, Αρχιτεκτονική, Εφαρμοσμένη Πληροφορική, κ.ά.
By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS
University,Διοίκηση Graduate School of Design, Student, Μεταπτυχιακά Harvard Προγράμματα: Επιχειρήσεων (ΜΒΑ),
By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect
Ευρωπαϊκή Διακυβέρνηση, Διεθνές και Ευρωπαϊκό Δίκαιο, Student of theΟικονομικό School of Architecture Technical University Real Estate, Δημόσια Διοίκηση, Πληροφοριακά Συστήματα, κ.ά. of Crete
1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Εξ Αποστάσεως Προγράμματα: Διοίκηση Επιχειρήσεων (ΜΒΑ), 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, Γενική Διοίκηση, Εκπαιδευτική Διοίκηση, Διοίκηση Υπηρεσιών, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC,κά. Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the amongΔιδακτορικά other wise heritage leftthe us,definition established aμεgreat “principle”: Προγράμματα σεheσυνεργασία το of Πανεπιστήμιο acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Πελοποννήσου: Δημόσια Διοίκηση, Διοίκηση Επιχειρήσεων, Διοίκηση 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term (or gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Νοσηλευτικών Τραπεζικά, - (in Ιστορία, Sociology as well), asΜονάδων, the “refining” of a city area, the Φιλολογία removal from this, various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement Πληροφορική κ.ά.». ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Τοrelative Πανεπιστήμιο ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ είναι «νεότευκτο», αλλά potential speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first inλόγω the UKτης in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor αναπτύσσεται με ταχείς ρυθμούς, υψηλής ποιότητας the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof παρεχόμενων πολυεδρικών υπηρεσιών του. there and thus old residents are London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologistστην Ruth «Σημειώστε ότι είναι το μοναδικό Ιδιωτικό Πανεπιστήμιο A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Κύπρο, το οποίο συνεστήθει ευθύς εξ αρχής ως Πανεπιστήμιο και GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has scholars and for its more προήλθε από «μετεξέλιξη» άλλου τύπουseveral εκπαιδευτικού ιδρύματος. Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from Πέραν του συνήθους ανταγωνισμού το Πανεπιστήμιο comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to aνα trend of a new category social groups ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ πρωτίστως καλείται αντιμετωπίσει μεofτόλμη τους to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money υψηλούς καταστατικούς σκοπούς καιwhere στόχους and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, work placeτου, is, lackεντός of the 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, περιβάλλοντος οικονομικής κρίσης και διεθνούς δυσπραγίας, born τηνin Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for ανάγκη προσφοράς υπηρεσιών μεprivate κατά το δυνατόν προσιτό σε όλους lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and οικονομικό κόστος, και she ακόμη την προσφορά και άλλων University College of London, where continued her social research. Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. εκπαιδευτικών, πολιτιστικών και κοινωνικών υπηρεσιών στους and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G.δωρεάν, ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aφοιτητές variety ofτου ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually πέραν των συμβατικών υποχρεώσεών του».
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Ποιο το όραμά σας για την GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types ofείναι Intervention, εξέλιξη του Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ; Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Η φιλοσοφία του Πανεπιστημίου Concerns είναι να προσφέρει μια ολιστική εκπαιδευτική εμπειρία, η οποία να οδηγεί
By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design,και Student, στην προσωπική ανάπτυξη τη By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect διανοητική συγκρότηση και αυτονόμηση Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete των φοιτητών μας με την παροχή
1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept σύγχρονης γνώσης και δεξιοτήτων 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientδιάρκειας. Greek philosopher, Ο στρατηγικός η ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC στόχος -“principle”: 370 BC,είναι Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a Πανεπιστημίου greatof“principle”: the διαρκής αποδοχή τουcontent acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the concepts. ως acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term ενός ακαδημαϊκά έγκυρου και κοινωνικά 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the term gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or λυσιτελούς και Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, theαποτελεσματικού removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, τελεσφόρου πουof artists, να ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andιδρύματος, thethis placement the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However “change”, regardless whatever other has, results rising of land prices (andτων theof ανταποκρίνεται τόσοthis στις προσδοκίες whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative φοιτητών του όσο και της κοινωνίας. potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Οι in the βραχυχρόνιοι στόχοι the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof περιλαμβάνουν την andπροσθήκη νέων London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in theΠανεπιστήμιο work of Sociologist προγραμμάτων στο καιRuth την A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major περαιτέρω ανάπτυξη της ερευνητικής του GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more δραστηριότητας. Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from Όλοι στο Πανεπιστήμιο ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon isσυμμεριζόμαστε due to a trend of aτο new category social groups όραμα τουofΙδρυτού και to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Προέδρου του, where κ. Μιχαλάκη ΛΕΠΤΟΥ, and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, work place is, lack ofκαι the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, των συνεργατών του για ένα ακαδημαϊκό Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for ίδρυμα διεθνούς εμβέλειας, μεmarkets, καταλυτικό lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and ρόλο στον εκπαιδευτικό χώρο τηςaction εγγύς University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. περιοχής μας,initially αλλά και τηςof Ευρώπης». and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation of part the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Π.
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