92 δημοσιες επενδυσεις δεληθεου

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, ΔΗΜΟΣΙΕΣ ΕΠΕΝΔΥΣΕΙΣ: Definition, Types ofΤΗΣ intervention, Concerns of Gentrification ΕΝΑ ΕΡΓΑΛΕΙΟ ΜΟΧΛΕΥΣΗΣ ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΙΑΣ, ΤΗΣ ΑΝΑΠΤΥΞΗΣ ΚΑΙConcerns ΤΩΝ ΙΔΙΩΤΙΚΩΝ ΕΠΕΝΔΥΣΕΩΝ

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Της κυρίας ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ Harvard University, Graduate SchoolΒασ. of Design, Student, Επίκουρης Καθηγήτριας,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student the SchoolΕπιστημών, of Architecture Πάντειο Πανεπιστήμιο Κοινωνικών καιof Πολιτικών Technical University of Crete Τμήμα Οικονομικής και Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης,

και 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Της κυρίας ΒΙΝΙΕΡΑΤΟΥ - ΜΠΟΣΙΝΑΚΗ 1. Introductory approach: Defining the Μ. concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Δρος Πανεπιστημίου ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great Πελοποννήσου “principle”: the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the ΤΗ term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Α. ΓΕΝΙΚΑ ΣΤΟΙΧΕΙΑ ΓΙΑ ΤΙΣ ΔΗΜΟΣΙΕΣ ΕΠΕΝΔΥΣΕΙΣ ΚΑΙ 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ΣΥΜΒΟΛΗ ΤΟΥΣ ΣΤΗΝ ΑΝΑΠΤΥΞΗ Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement Σύμφωνα με έναν από τους επικρατέστερους ορισμούς, που ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of απαντώνται τόσο στη βιβλιογραφία όσο και στα κείμενα εργασίας της the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof Eurostat, οι speculation). δημόσιες επενδύσεις συνολικός whatever other consequences has, results ορίζονται also rising ofως landοprices (and the potential relative ακαθάριστοςσχηματισμός παγίου κεφαλαίου, που διενεργείται από potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to 1 The term found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto .Επίσης, δημόσιες επενδύσεις φορείς τηςgentrification Γενικής the then observed trend ofisΚυβέρνησης wealthy to buy property in poor the then observed wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas θεωρούνται όλες οιtrend πάγιες και άϋλες επενδυτικές δραστηριότητες του London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Δημοσίου, οι οποίες στο πλαίσιο της ακολουθούμενης επενδυτικής και being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description this phenomenon included in the work of Sociologist Ruth γενικότερα τηςofοικονομικής και isαναπτυξιακής πολιτικής στοχεύουν A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major στην αναδιανομή του while εθνικού εισοδήματος προς όφελος του GLASS at the same period, similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, 2. by other Researchers. κοινωνικού συνόλου cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Διεθνώς. διακρίνονται τέσσερις ευρείες κατηγορίες δημοσίων Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from various επενδύσεων: comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: Υποδομές, συμπεριλαμβανομένων δικτύων μεταφορών και In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend των of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money επικοινωνιών, and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Επενδύσεις σε ανθρώπινο δυναμικό, ιδίως Ruth στους τομείς της termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: εκπαίδευσης και κατάρτισης, services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and 1 long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Mehrotra and Välilä (2006).«Public Investment in Europe: Evolution and her work are characterized by a passion for justice.

See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of443–471. part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Determinants inCOLLINS Perspective», Fiscal Studies, vol. 27, no. 4, pp.

2 G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually edujob.gr/node 252113 11

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Επενδύσεις GENTRIFICATION στην τεχνολογική ιδίως αναφορικά με την Definition, Types πρόοδο, of Intervention, έρευνα, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Εξοπλισμοί και κεφαλαιουχικά αγαθά. Με βάση την παραπάνω διάκριση, ορισμένοι συγγραφείς, Concerns

ονομάζουν «σκληρές» (hard) δημόσιες επενδύσεις, αυτές που αφορούν στο σχηματισμόενσώματων υποδομών και κεφαλαίου, ενώ αντίστοιχα,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS στις «ήπιες» (soft)Harvard δημόσιες επενδύσεις εντάσσουν κάθε University, Graduate School of Design, Student, είδουςδαπάνες που αφορούν κυρίως ανθρώπινο δυναμικό, όπως

By Mr. στο George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect of και the School of Architecture είναι οι δαπάνες για την εκπαίδευση, τηνStudent έρευνα ανάπτυξη (R&D), University of Crete τις ενεργητικέςπολιτικές απασχόλησης και Technical την υποστήριξη της 3 οικογένειας .

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Όπου Introductory approach: Defining the concept αυτό κρίνεται σκόπιμο και εφικτό,(444 οι δημόσιες επενδύσεις ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), υλοποιούνται μέσα από συμπράξεις του δημόσιου και του ιδιωτικού ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: τομέα. acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, this “principle” a επενδύσεις first, if of not final, theτόσο term Απόtherefore, τη φύσηonτους οι with δημόσιες δενapproach, παράγουν 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification άμεσα, όσο 1μακροπρόθεσμα οφέλη στο σύνολο της οικονομίας.term Η gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various ανταποδοτικότητά τους συχνά εντοπίζεται δύσκολα, και Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, of low-income and the placement there of artists, προσδιορίζεται μόνοusually μεγενικότερουςόρους, από την κοινωνικοways), of social groups, usually of low-income andμέσα thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of οικονομική έρευνα και τηνrestaurants, ανάλυση κόστους – οφέλους. Η διαπίστωση the operation of art galleries, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof αυτή είναι ακόμη περισσότερο αληθής στηνof land περίπτωση των whatever other consequences has, results also rising prices (and the potential relative speculation). επενδύσεων στο ανθρώπινο κεφάλαιο. potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found at first in the UK 1960s and itareas refersofto Παρόλα αυτά, είναι παραδεκτό ότιin οιearly δημόσιες επενδύσεις the then observed trend ofisγενικά wealthy people to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in οικονομίας. poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof συνδέονται άμεσα μετην παραγωγική ικανότητα μιας London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Χαρακτηριστικά, χωρίς δρόμους, δίκτυα επικοινωνίας και παροχές being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon included in the work Sociologist Ruth ενέργειας, οι διαδικασίες και οι isδραστηριότητες τηςofπαραγωγής και A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major 4 . recorded in other major του εμπορίου θα ήταν αδύνατο να υλοποιηθούν GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Θεωρείται, από τους περισσότερους μελετητές, ότι οι δημόσιες cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more επενδύσεις δενthe δρουν ανταγωνιστικά απέναντι αυτές τουthe ιδιωτικού Since then, issue has several σε scholars and for its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from various τομέα, αλλά αντίθετα, συνιστούν σημαντικό παράγοντα αύξησης των comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: μεγεθών καιthe της αποτελεσματικότητας επενδύσεων.Σε In a sense, phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trendτων of a ιδιωτικών new of social groups αρκετές περιπτώσεις, μάλιστα, τα σύγχρονα προγράμματα δημοσίων to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work is, lack of the επενδύσεων αξιοποιούνται στοχευμένα, με τρόπο που place συμβάλλει στην 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, τόνωση της ιδιωτικής επιχειρηματικής δραστηριότητας με την Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier she came to back to London, 3 and research Streeck & Mertens (2011).

«Fiscal Austerity andYork Public Investment Is teacher the Possible in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and the Enemy College of the Necessary?», Max-Planck-Institut für Gesellschaftsforschung (MPIfG) University of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Discussion Paper 11/12. by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. her work are characterized 4 and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: European Parliament, «Public and London Private2009.

Investment in the European Union”, Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aWorking varietyPaper, of ways, in order toSeries, achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Economic Affairs 1999.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

ενίσχυση ή και την παροχή νέων αναπτυξιακών κινήτρων, ιδιαίτερα σε τομείς όπως η δημιουργία ολοκληρωμένων υποδομών, η ανάπτυξη του εργατικού δυναμικού, η ελαχιστοποίηση των επιχειρηματικών κινδύνων, κα. Από την άποψη αυτή, αρκετές στοχευμένες δημόσιες επενδύσεις μπορούν να «συσχετισθούν» με κατηγορίες κινήτρων5, όπως:

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS • Μακρο-κίνητρα.

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, • Κίνητρα για την προσέλκυση ξένων επενδυτών.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect • Κίνητρα για την μετακίνηση επενδυτών από περιφέρεια σε Student of the School of Architecture περιφέρεια εντός της ίδιας Χώρας.

Technical University of Crete • Κίνητρα για την υποβοήθηση των εξαγωγών.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept • Κίνητρα κινητικότητας εργατικού δυναμικού.

1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancient που Greekπραγματοποιήθηκαν philosopher, Διαχρονικά, the μελέτες από διεθνείς ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the οργανισμούς, δημόσιους και ιδιωτικούς φορείς και ερευνητικά among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ιδρύματα στην Ευρώπη,starts την Αμερική και αλλού, κατέδειξαν συμβολή acquisition of knowledge with theindefinition the content ofτη concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term τωνBased, δημοσίων στην της οριακής 1 (and urban therefore, onεπενδύσεων this “principle” is in a first, ifαύξηση notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) indicated (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 παραγωγικότητας του ιδιωτικού τομέα, τη μείωση του κόστους gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various εκκίνησης και λειτουργίας των επιχειρήσεων, και το σχηματισμό Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement artists, κεφαλαίου. Ενδεικτικός είναι ο πίνακας που ακολουθεί, ο of οποίος the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, also συμπέρασμα rising of land prices theof παραθέτει επιγραμματικά, το results κεντρικό μιας (and σειράς whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative σχετικών μελετών.

potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth 5 Τα αναπτυξιακά κίνητρα είναι ένα από «τα εργαλεία», οποία οι A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the τα work of χρησιμοποιούν Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major διάφορες Κυβερνήσεις για την «παραγωγή» ανάπτυξης μέσω π.χ. προσέλκυσης ιδιωτικών GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. επενδύσεων. Βλ. ακόμη: Αθανασόπουλος Κωνστ., ΓΕ.: Θεσμικό πλαίσιο περιφερειακής cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, theΑθήναι, issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more ανάπτυξης. έκδ. σελ. 33.

Since Εβδ. then, the issue2007, has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from Τα αναπτυξιακά κίνητρα χρησιμοποιούνται για να περιορίσουν τους παράγοντες comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, theτων following: εκείνους, οι οποίοι λειτουργούν αρνητικά στις προθέσεις ιδιωτών επενδυτών να interpretations of the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new of socialεπαρκών groups αναλάβουν μίαthe νέα επιχειρηματική πρωτοβουλία., είτε για λόγους έλλειψης to “return” to city, leaving the purlieusυποδομών for severalσε reasons: high costs money κεφαλαίων, ή the έλλειψης ολοκληρωμένων μία περιοχή, ή inέλλειψης εξειδικευμένου εργατικού δυναμικού, για μικρή αποδοτικότητα των κεφαλαίων, τα and time to travel from the purlieusφόβοι to downtown, where work place is, lack of the οποία θα επενδυθούν, κ.ά. Τα αναπτυξιακά κίνητρα, χωρίς να αλλοιώνουν τους 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS was born sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for betterin Berlin, where she her first studies. she published entitled: μηχανισμούς της made ελεύθερης αγοράς,In 1932 στοχεύουν στην τόνωση τηςstudy ιδιωτικής services of health, education, entertainment “at the heartan ofimportant the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for επιχειρηματικής δραστηριότητας ή και στον προσανατολισμό της προς επιθυμητές lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, κατευθύνσεις και τομείς,studies π.χ. προς την γεωργία, προς την βιομηχανία κ.ά., είτεteacher στη μείωση in According 1943 she published regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and του κόστουςCollege της εγκατάστασης, ή she παραγωγής του αγαθού, στην ελαχιστοποίηση του University of London, where continued her social research.

Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying επιχειρηματικού κινδύνου, by κ.ά. Βλ. και:forΔεληθέου Β.: Θεσμικό Πλαίσιο Περιφερειακής her work are characterized a passion justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate,Παπαζήση, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web,και in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

The Free Encyclopedia: Ανάπτυξης, Εκδόσεις Αθήνα, 2018, σ.

324,WIKIPEDIA: Μαρματάκης Ν.: Θεωρία Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aπολιτική varietyτων ofκινήτρων ways, inοικονομικής order Abstract. to achieve theΑθήναι, “assisted”, (actually αναπτύξεως.

1969, “voluntary”, σελ.

10.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Πίνακας 1: Εμπειρικές μελέτες για την των δημοσιών Definition, Types ofεπίδραση intervention, Concerns of Gentrification επενδύσεων στις ιδιωτικές επενδύσεις και την ανάπτυξη6 Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 6 and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. and London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: MakuyanaG., OdhiamboN., Public Private Investment and Economic Growth: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aAGentrification: variety of ways, order Abstract. toand achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, Review, Journal of in Accounting Management 2016, vol.: 06; no.: 02; pp. 25(actually – 42.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete Makuyana G., Odhiambo N., Public and Private Investment

Πηγή: and1. Introductory Economic approach: Growth: Defining A Review, Journal of Accounting and the concept 1. Introductory the 25 concept Management 2016,approach: vol.: 06; Defining no.: 02; philosopher, pp.

– 42 (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition heεπισημαίνουν established a great Παράλληλα, πολλοί ερευνητές και of“principle”: περιπτώσεις, acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term κατά τις therefore, οποίες οιon δημόσιες επενδύσεις μπορούν να σταθούν εμπόδιο 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification στη λειτουργία της αγοράς. Ειδικότερα, αυτό συμβαίνει όταν οι 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various δημόσιες επενδύσεις: Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement α) χρηματοδοτούνται μέσα από κρατικό δανεισμό, (άρα μπορεί να ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of θεωρείται πιθανή η λήψη τηalso χώρα δυσμενών για the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However “change”, regardless whatever other has,από results risingthis of land prices (andτην theof επιχειρηματικότητα δημοσιονομικών όπως η prices αύξηση της whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, resultsμέτρων, also rising of land (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). φορολογίας), The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early and itareas refersofto β)term αφορούν τομείς της οικονομίας όπου1960s the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property inδημιουργείται poor the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents ανταγωνισμός ανάμεσα στη δημόσια και τις ιδιωτικές επενδύσεις, ήare /of London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. και being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon work of Sociologist Ruth γ) περιλαμβάνουν τηνisisincluded υψηλήin the επιχορήγηση τομέων A description ofperiod, this phenomenon included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations in other major επιχειρηματικής δραστηριότητας που αποδεικνύονται GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

7. αντιπαραγωγικοί cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Από τη δεκαετία του μετά, οι δημόσιες επενδύσεις ως Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are1990 beingκαι summarized below, from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various ποσοστό τουof the ΑΕΠ σημείωσαν σταδιακάσημαντική interpretations phenomenon of gentrification, the following:πτώση στις interpretations of the phenomenon of thecategory following: ευρωπαϊκές χώρες. Αρχικά, το συνδέθηκε τη In a sense, the phenomenon is due togentrification, aγεγονός trend of a αυτό new of socialμε groups to “return” to the city, της leaving the purlieus for reasons: costs in money συστηματοποίηση προσπάθειας γιαseveral εξυγίανση καιhigh περιστολή των and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place the δημόσιων δαπανών στα ευρωπαϊκά κράτη (κύρια, μέσαis, lack απόofτην 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, εξάπλωση της θεωρίας και μεθοδολογίας του «Νέου Δημόσιου Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 7 and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of partand of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Makuyana G., Odhiambo N.,Co Public and Private Investment Economic Growth: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aAGentrification: variety of ways, order Abstract. toand achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, Review, Journal of in Accounting Management 2016, vol.: 06; no.: 02; pp. 25(actually – 42.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Μάνατζμεντ»)8, ενώ στη συνέχεια, ο περιορισμός των δαπανών σε δημόσιες επενδύσεις επιβλήθηκε από τη δημοσιονομική κρίση. Είναι χαρακτηριστικό το γεγονός ότι κατά την τελευταία δεκαετία, η δαπάνη σε δημόσιες επενδύσεις μειώθηκε δραματικά σε πολλές χώρες της Ζώνης του Ευρώ, με έμφαση στις χώρες του ευρωπαϊκού νότου, που επλήγησαν ιδιαίτερα από τη δημοσιονομική

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS κρίση και την εφαρμογή των προγραμμάτων λιτότητας.Όμως, κατά το Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, τέλος της περιόδου αυτής, διαπιστώθηκε ξανά ότιτο έλλειμμα σε

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect δημόσιες επενδύσεις στις αντίστοιχες Student χώρες,of αφενός οδήγησε σε the School of Architecture συρρίκνωση των ιδιωτικών επενδύσεων και αφετέρου περιόρισεof την Technical University Crete αύξηση του ΑΕΠ στην ευρωζώνη γενικότερα. Η διαπίστωση αυτή 1. Introductory Defining the concept οδήγησε πολλούςapproach: ερευνητές να συστήνουν τη λήψη μέτρων ώστε στο 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, μέλλον η δημοσιονομική εξυγίανση να συνδυαστεί με ενίσχυση των ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the δημοσίων επενδύσεων.

among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if9of not final, approach, the term Διάγραμμα 1: if (in 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban Δημόσιες επενδύσεις τηςremoval Ζώνης του Ευρώ, gentrification gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of aσε cityχώρες the (in various ως ποσοστό της συνολικής δημόσιας δαπάνης Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, 8The Μ., «Προοπτική της ευρωπαϊκής τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης καιstudy πολιτισμός: Berlin,Βινιεράτου where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly)for Youth The same year she left Germany continuous movements Μια νέαUnemployment. θεώρηση της τοπικής βιώσιμης ανάπτυξης μέσαand απόafter τον πολιτισμό», Διδακτορική lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London New York she came to back to London, Διατριβή, Πανεπιστήμιο Πελοποννήσου, Μάϊος and 2016. in According 1943 studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the 9 she published to another approach, the is due a systematic and Πηγή: Dreger C. Reimers H., continued The Impact of Public Investment onaction Private University College of London, where she her social research.

Her public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying Investment in characterized the Euro Area, zur See Wirtschaftsforschung, ISSN DICTIONARY. 1861-1559, her work are byVierteljahrshefte a passion for justice. also: COLLINS ENGLISH and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Duncker&Humblot, Berlin, Vol. 84, Iss. 3, pp.

183-193.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), amongSource: other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the AMECodatabase. among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Κατάtherefore, την τρέχουσα περίοδο, η isin τάση συρρίκνωσης των δημοσίων 1 (and Based, on this “principle” a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) indicated area of Planning) (or gentrification 1επίπεδο δαπανών δημοσίων gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, ofπαγκόσμια, Planning) (or Sociology asσε well), as the “refining” ofεπενδύσεων a cityisarea, theαναθεωρείται removal (in various καθώς έγινε άμεσα αισθητή η μεγάλη αλληλεπίδραση που υφίσταται Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually and the placement of artists, ανάμεσα στις δημόσιες καιof low-income τις ιδιωτικές επενδύσεις. Ειδικότερα, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results alsoτων rising of land prices (and theof διαπιστώθηκε ότι η αποτελεσματικότητα ιδιωτικών επενδύσεων whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land pricesκαι (and the potential σε όρουςrelative αύξησης της παραγωγής, της οικονομικής μεγέθυνσης της potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UKάμεσα in early από 1960s and refers to δημιουργίας θέσεων εργασίας εξαρτάται την it ύπαρξη The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor επαρκών και στοχευμένων δημόσιων επενδυτικών παρεμβάσεων. the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Β. ΠΕΡΙΦΕΡΕΙΑΚΟΣ ΠΡΟΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΙΣΜΟΣ ΚΑΙ ΠΡΟΓΡΑΜΜΑ being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Ruth ΔΗΜΟΣΙΩΝ ΕΠΕΝΔΥΣΕΩΝ ΣΤΗΝ ΕΥΡΩΠΗ ΚΑΙ ΤΗΝ ΕΛΛΑΔΑ GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recordedSociologist in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major κατάρτιση τωνbyπρογραμμάτων cities inΗWestern countries, other Researchers.δημοσίων επενδύσεων στις cities in Western countries, byχώρες other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied severalαιώνα scholars and for itsμεmore περισσότερες ευρωπαϊκές τον εικοστό συνδέθηκε την Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various έννοια και τις διαδικασίεςτου αναπτυξιακού / περιφερειακού comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, thebelow, following: προγραμματισμού, η εφαρμογήofτου οποίου εξελίχθηκε ιδιαίτερα μετά interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new social groups την οικονομική κρίση του 1929-30, αλλά και τους δύο of παγκόσμιους to “return”10 to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money πολέμους . Ειδικότερα, προβλήματα όπως, η ανάγκη ανασυγκρότησης and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the των1.of πόλεων και των χωρών, η ανισόρροπη ανάπτυξη τομέων τηςin The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she madeκαι her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: οικονομίας αλλά ολόκληρων περιοχών σε σύγκριση με άλλες, services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, 10 in According 1943Βινιεράτου she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the - Μποσινάκη Μ., the Τουρή Μ., Δεληθέου Β., «Οι διαδικασίες του to another approach, is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying ευρωπαϊκού περιφερειακού προγραμματισμού καιher η social εξέλιξη της αυτοδιοίκησης στην her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in Ελλάδα», Επιθεώρηση Αποκέντρωσης, Τοπικής2009. Αυτοδιοίκησης και Περιφερειακής 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aΑνάπτυξης, variety of ways, order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually τεύχος 63,in Αθήνα 2011.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

έκαναν αισθητή την ανάγκη της υπαγωγής των δημοσίωνεπενδύσεων σε αναπτυξιακά προγράμματα που εκπονούνταν στη βάση μοντέλων οικονομικής ανάπτυξης. Τα προγράμματα αυτά υλοποιούνταν με βάση ένα πλέγμα από κανόνες που αφορούν στα κριτήρια ένταξης έργων προς χρηματοδότηση, στη χρονική διάρκεια της υλοποίησης, καθώς και στη μέτρηση των αποτελεσμάτων των έργων αλλά και του By δείκτες.

Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS προγράμματος συνολικά, μέσα από Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Αυτή είναι και η περίοδος καθιέρωσης της έννοιας της

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect «περιφερειακήςπολιτικής» η οποία σηματοδοτεί «ένα σύστημα Student of the School of Architecture σκοπών, μέσων και φορέων, που συνδυάζονταιTechnical σε ένα πρόγραμμα για University of Crete να πετύχουν την ισόρροπη μεταβολή της διαπεριφερειακής 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 11». διάρθρωσης της οικονομία.

1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientκατεύθυνση, Greek philosopher, Προς την παραπάνω στην Ελλάδα, μια νομοθετική ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great απόπειρα του παρελθόντος, που αξίζει να σημειωθεί, είναι το 1964, the το among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ΝΔ 4355 «Περί αρμοδιοτήτων του Υπουργείου Συντονισμού», το οποίο, acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term σε μια τόσο πρώϊμη αντιμετώπισε ελληνικό Πρόγραμμα 1 (and Based, therefore, on περίοδο, this “principle” inindicated a first, if το notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Δημοσίων Επενδύσεων (ΠΔΕ) ως εργαλείο αναπτυξιακού gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various προγραμματισμού, προσδιορίζοντάς το, όχι απλά με βάση εγγραφές Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andτμήμα thethis placement there of artists, πιστώσεων στον προϋπολογισμό, αλλά ως του «μακροχρόνιου the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences results also rising of landπου prices (and theof Προγράμματος Οικονομικής has, Αναπτύξεως της Χώρας», εκπονείται whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of στο land prices (and the potential από το relative Υπουργείο Συντονισμού και υποβάλλεται Κυβερνητικό potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification found at in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Οικονομικό Συμβούλιο. isΌμως, οιfirst ρυθμίσεις αυτές δεν εφαρμόστηκαν.

The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Αντίθετα, τα επόμενα χρόνια, η εμπέδωση του αναπτυξιακού the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof προγραμματισμού, εξελισσόταν σταθερά στιςoldυπόλοιπες London, upgrade them,που stay themselves sometimes there and thus residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ευρωπαϊκές χώρες, για το ελληνικό ΠΔΕ, μέσα από Ruth την being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of thisανατράπηκε phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist αναδιάρθρωση των αρμοδιοτήτων Υπουργείων, να επανέλθει A description ofperiod, this phenomenon isτων included inwere the recorded workγια of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major τη δεκαετία ‘80 μέσα από τις υποχρεωτικές διαδικασίες των cities in Westernτου countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then,Διαρθρωτικών the issue has several forκαι its μετά, more ευρωπαϊκών Ταμείων. Από την scholars περίοδο and αυτή Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various οι διαδικασίες της Ε. Ένωσης (αρχικά με τα Μεσογειακά comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Ολοκληρωμένα Προγράμματα – ΜΟΠ και μετέπειτα με τα Κοινοτικά interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new social groups Πλαίσια Στήριξης – ΚΠΣ και τα Εταιρικά Σύμφωνα γιαof το Πλαίσιο to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Ανάπτυξης – ΕΣΠΑ), «εξαναγκάζουν» τη χώρα μας σε ολοκληρωμένη and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the θεσμική, προγραμματική και διαχειριστική ρύθμιση του for τρόπου 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS was born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, better Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 193212 she published an important study entitled: , οδηγώντας στην καθιέρωση διάθεσης των κοινοτικών κονδυλίων services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for

lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 she became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and 11 Κόνσολας Σύγχρονη Περιφερειακή Οικονομική Πολιτική, Παπαζήση, University College Ν., of London, where she continued her social research.Εκδόσεις Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying Αθήνα, 1997. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 12 and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Δεληθέου Β., Βινιεράτου Μ., «Αποκέντρωση και ofΑυτοδιοίκηση», Σημειώσεις Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aΠαραδόσεων, variety of ΚΔ΄ ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the2017. “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Εκπαιδευτική Σειρά, ΕΣΣΔΑ

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

του αναπτυξιακού προγραμματισμού και στην υιοθέτηση συστημάτων σχεδιασμού και διαχείρισής τους, «συμπαρασύροντας» σε αυτή τη λογική το αντίστοιχο τμήμα του Προγράμματος Δημοσίων Επενδύσεων. Με τον τρόπο αυτό, η υποχρεωτική αυτή συστηματοποίηση των διαδικασιών αφορά μόνο τους ενωσιακούς πόρους, και οδηγεί στην

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS αντίστοιχη ρύθμιση μόνο του ενός από τα δύο σκέλη του ελληνικού Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, ΠΔΕ, δηλαδή του «συγχρηματοδοτούμενου». Το λεγόμενο «εθνικό»

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect σκέλος, το οποίο δεν «αγγίζουν» οι Κανονισμοί των Διαρθρωτικών Student of the School of Architecture Ταμείων δεν εξελίσσεται ανάλογα, και, μέχριTechnical σήμερα,University υπολείπεται of Crete εμφανώς σε ό,τι αφορά τη θεσμική κατοχύρωση των διαδικασιών του, 1. Introductory approach: Defining concept αλλά και του προγραμματικού του the ρόλου.

1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the εθνικό ancient σκέλος Greek philosopher, Ειδικότερα, το του ΠΔΕ εξακολούθησε, μέχρι το ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the 2010, να προγραμματίζεται μόνο σε ετήσια βάση, και μόνο όσον αφορά among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. α) την ένταξη νέων έργων και β)the τοdefinition ακριβές ύψος των πληρωμών για acquisition of knowledge starts with the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if of not final, approach, the term τα ενταγμένα έργα.

1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Κατά τα πρόσφατα χρόνια δημοσιονομικής κρίσης, καιvarious μετά gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of aτης cityis area, the removal this, (in την ψήφιση του Ν.3871/2010 και την καθιέρωση του ΜΠΔΣ, και πάλι Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually ofδεσμεύσεις low-income and placement there of artists, με αφετηρία νέες διεθνείς τηςthethis χώρας μας, ξεκινά ο the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever otherπρογραμματισμός consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof υποτυπώδης του εθνικού ΠΔΕ, σε μεσοπρόθεσμη whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential speculation). βάση καιrelative μάλιστα σε επίπεδο έργου13.Όμως και πάλι, ο επιχειρούμενος potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to προγραμματισμόςέχει αποκλειστικά δημοσιονομική στόχευση και The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor αφορά κυρίως στη διασφάλιση εκτέλεσης του εθνικού ΠΔΕ σε the then observed trend wealthyτης people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof εναρμόνιση με τους της περιόδου, που London, upgrade them,δημοσιονομικούςπεριορισμούς stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. απορρέουν από το Πρόγραμμα Δημοσιονομικής Προσαρμογής, αλλά και being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth απόA description τους δημοσιονομικής επιτήρησης ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the μηχανισμούς same while similar inπου otherέχουν major 14 GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major εγκαθιδρυθεί επίπεδοbyΖώνης του Ευρώ . cities in Westernσε countries, other Researchers. cities in Western countries, byτις other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Συνακόλουθα, από σχετικές ρυθμίσεις δεν καλύπτονται οι Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various αναγκαιότητες comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: - της of θεσμοθέτησης διαδικασιών πολυετούς αναπτυξιακής interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new groups στοχοθεσίας και ορισμού αξόνων προτεραιοτήτων of σεsocial κεντρικό, to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money τομεακό και περιφερειακό επίπεδο, and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth13Unemployment.

The year she left Germany and afterα)continuous Παπαδόπουλος Θ., same Ταξινόμηση δαπανών εθνικού ΠΔΕ: κατά τομέα οικονομικής lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, δραστηριότητας, β) ανά περιφέρεια και νομό καιplanning. γ) κατά ειδικό (π.χ. ολυμπιακά in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is πρόγραμμα due a systematic and έργα, έργα των ΟΤΑ,ofέργα για σεισμούς κ.λ.π.), Τελική Εργασία, ΕΣΔΔΑ,Her Αθήνα 2014.

University College London, where she continued her social research. public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying 14 Θ.,by Ταξινόμηση δαπανών α) κατά τομέα οικονομικής her workΠαπαδόπουλος are characterized a passion for justice. εθνικού See also:ΠΔΕ: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially ofπρόγραμμα part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: δραστηριότητας, β) ανά περιφέρεια και νομόLondon και γ) κατά ειδικό (π.χ. ολυμπιακά Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aέργα, variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually έργα των ΟΤΑ, έργα για σεισμούς κ.λ.π.), Τελική Εργασία, ΕΣΔΔΑ, Αθήνα 2014.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

- της ανάπτυξης εργαλείων για την παρακολούθηση του εθνικού ΠΔΕ, είτε στο σύνολό του, είτε μερικά, καθώς δεν προβλέπεται η χρήση δεικτών, που να αξιολογούν τις επιπτώσεις που έχουν οι πραγματοποιούμενες δημόσιες επενδύσεις στην οικονομία και τηνκοινωνία. Οι ελλείψεις που επισημάνθηκαν παραπάνω, ιδίως σε σχέση με το Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS εθνικό σκέλος του ΠΔΕ, έχουνByήδη καταγραφεί, εδώ και τριάντα, Harvard University, Graduate School Design, Student, περίπου,χρόνια σε μελέτες και προτάσεις στελεχών τουofδημοσίου αλλά

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect 15 να έχουν ποτέ ληφθεί τα και εμπειρογνωμόνων , χωρίς όμως Student of the School of Architecture κατάλληλα μέτρα για την αντιμετώπισή τους. Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Γ. ΤΟ ΠΡΟΓΡΑΜΜΑ ΔΗΜΟΣΙΩΝ ΕΠΕΝΔΥΣΕΩΝ (ΠΔΕ) ΣΤΗΝ 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, ΕΛΛΑΔΑ ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage left us, he established a great the Στην Ελλάδα, η he σύσταση του Προγράμματος Δημοσίων among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Επενδύσεων, με τη σημερινή του ξεκινά με το Ν.of2212/1952 acquisition of knowledge starts with theμορφή, the content concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term (ΦΕΚ: «Περί αναγραφής τον Κρατικόν 1 (and urban Based,266/Α/1952) therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notεις final, approach, the term gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Προϋπολογισμόν από του οικονομικού έτους 1952-1953 και gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (inεφεξής various πιστώσεων διά δαπάνας προβλεπομένας υπό Συμβάσεων 'Εργου Δ.Ο.Σ.

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, και Ο.Κ.Α. εις βάρος των κεφαλαίων Ανασυγκροτήσεως». Με το the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. της However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequencesένα has,σύστημα results also rising of land prices (and theof νόμο αυτό δημιουργείται δέσμευσης πιστώσεων στον whatever otherspeculation). consequences has,υλοποίηση results alsoσυμβάσεων rising of land prices (and the potential relative κρατικό προϋπολογισμό για την έργων. potential relative speculation).

TheΤο term gentrification found(ΦΕΚ186/Α18.8.1954) at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to 1954, το ΝΔ is 2957 προχωρά σε μια The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor στοιχειώδη αποσαφήνιση (σύμφωνα με τα δεδομένα τηςinεποχής) τηςof the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents are έννοιας της δημόσιας επένδυσης, κατηγοριοποιώντας τη σε London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. κατασκευαστικά έργα, προμήθειες, και μελέτες. Στη συνέχεια, το being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth περιεχόμενο αλλά το similar πλαίσιο τηςinwere λειτουργίας του major ΠΔΕ A description ofperiod, thisκαι phenomenon is situations included the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while recorded in other GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major συμπληρώθηκε αποσπασματικά, με την πάροδο των ετών, μέσα από cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholarsπου and ευκαιριακά for its more διάφορα νομοθετήματα, ποικίλης θεματολογίας, Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the ρύθμιζαν, πχ τη δομή μιας της Συλλογικής Απόφασης στην οποία comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations phenomenon έργα, of gentrification, the following: εγγράφοντανofταtheεγκεκριμένα τις διαδικασίες χρηματοδότησης, interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new social groups τις αρμοδιότητες εμπλεκόμενων φορέων, πάντοτε χωρίςof συνοχή και to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money ολοκληρωμένο σχεδιασμό. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 15 and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Χαρακτηριστική είναι ηthe μελέτη του ΚΕΠΕ με τίτλο«Κοινωνική Αξιολόγηση Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aΔημοσίων variety Επενδύσεων of ways, inστην order to achieve the “assisted”, (actually Ελλάδα», (Μπίτσικας Γ. 1986). “voluntary”,

22

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Ειδικότερα, σύμφωνα με το ΝΔ 2957/1954, στις δημόσιες επενδύσεις στην Ελλάδα μπορεί να περιλαμβάνονται16: 1. Οι κατασκευές, ανακατασκευές και επεκτάσεις μόνιμων ή ημιμόνιμων εγκαταστάσεων ή έργων, στις οποίες συμπεριλαμβάνονται και τα έργαστέγασης.

2. Οι προμήθειες μόνιμων εξοπλιστικών μέσων, μηχανολογικού Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS εξοπλισμού και κεφαλαιουχικών By αγαθών.

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, 3. Έρευνες, μελέτες και εμπειρογνωμοσύνες.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS 4. Τα κάθε είδους διοικητικά και γενικά έξοδα τα Architect οποία Student of the School of Architecture σχετίζονται ευθέως μετις ως άνω περιπτώσεις. Σήμερα, η Technical University of Crete χρηματοδότηση τέτοιου είδους δαπανώναπό το ΠΔΕ είναι δυνατή μόνο 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept εφόσον προβλέπεται από ειδικές διατάξεις.

1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek BC - 370επενδύσεων, BC, Athens), Ο παραπάνωthe καθορισμός της philosopher, έννοιας των(444 δημοσίων ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the κατά ΠΔΕμέχρι και τις ημέρες μας,έχει εμπλουτιστεί εντάσσονταςστο among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ΠΔΕ επίσης:of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. acquisition Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term 1. Όλες ανεξαιρέτως τις δαπάνες τωνif συγχρηματοδοτούμενων 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 από την Ε.Ε.προγραμμάτων. Τα έργα που από την gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, theδανειοδοτούνται removal (in various Ευρωπαϊκή Τράπεζα Επενδύσεων (ETEπ).

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), groups, usually and the placement of artists, 2.of social Επιχορηγήσεις καιof low-income επιδοτήσεις προς ΝΠΙΔ, there σωματεία, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, resultsκαι also risingνομικά of land πρόσωπα prices (andπου theof συνεταιρισμούς, ανώνυμες εταιρείες λοιπά whatever other consequences results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). ορίζονται στο άρθρο 18 του Ν.has, 2515/1997. potential relative speculation).

The3.term gentrification is found at first in the UKανωνύμων in early 1960s and it refers to Αυξήσεις μετοχικού Κεφαλαίου των εταιρειών που The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor ελέγχονται από το trend Δημόσιοwealthy (ΔΕΚΟ).people to buy property in poor areas of the then observed London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are 4. Λοιπές επενδυτικές δραστηριότητες πουandεξειδικεύονται London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there thus old residentsμε are being indirectly “squeezed”. ΠροεδρικάΔιατάγματα ή Υπουργικές Αποφάσεις. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth

A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Το ΠΔΕcountries, διαχωρίζεται σε δύο σκέλη, βάσει της πηγής cities in Western by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more χρηματοδότησης.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars and for various its από more comprehensive approach are being summarized from the 1. Το «εθνικό σκέλος» που χρηματοδοτείται, αμιγώς, comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: εθνικούς πόρους. interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: social groups In a2.sense, the phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new Το «συγχρηματοδοτούμενο σκέλος», το οποίο ofαντλεί τους to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money πόρους του από τα χρηματοδοτικά μέσα της Ε.Ε.x και την Ελλάδα.. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the «Το ΠΔΕ χρηματοδοτεί την αναπτυξιακή πολιτική της χώρας μεin The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born sense1.of safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, που where συμβάλλουν she made her firstστην studies.αύξηση In 1932 she published an important study entitled: έργα του ιδιωτικού και δημόσιου services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for κεφαλαίου τηςof, οικονομίας καιfrom στηρίζουν τονeasier εκσυγχρονισμό χώρας lower living cost “withdrawal” private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she came to back toτης London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and 16 informal long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Θ.,by Ταξινόμηση δαπανών α) κατά τομέα οικονομικής her workΠαπαδόπουλος are characterized a passion for justice.εθνικού See also:ΠΔΕ: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially ofπρόγραμμα part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: δραστηριότητας, β) ανά περιφέρεια και νομόLondon και γ) κατά ειδικό (π.χ. ολυμπιακά Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aέργα, variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually έργα των ΟΤΑ, έργα για σεισμούς κλπ.), Τελική Εργασία, ΕΣΔΔΑ, Αθήνα 2014.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

σε μακροχρόνια βάση. To ΠΔΕ 2018–2021 έχει ως στόχο να συνοδεύσει τη δημοσιονομική προσπάθεια με αναπτυξιακές δράσεις συμβάλλοντας στην ενίσχυση της οικονομίας και στη στήριξη της κοινωνικής συνοχής. Οι διαθέσιμοι πόροι κατά την περίοδο 2018–2021 (Μεσοπρόθεσμο Πλαίσιο Δημοσιονομικής Στρατηγικής (ΜΠΔΣ)) για την επίτευξη των αναπτυξιακών στόχων στους τομείς των υποδομών,

By Mr.ανθρώπινου George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS της επιχειρηματικότητας, του κεφαλαίου, της Harvard University, Graduate School Student, Αυτοδιοίκησης, για την ολοκλήρωση των έργωνof Design, του Εθνικού

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Στρατηγικού Πλαισίου Αναφοράς ΕΣΠΑ 2007–2013 και για την Student of the School of Architecture ικανοποίηση των στόχων απορρόφησης του Εταιρικού για Technical Συμφώνου University of Crete το Πλαίσιο Ανάπτυξης ΕΣΠΑ 2014–2020 ανέρχονται συνολικά σε 28,65 Introductory approach: Defining the concept δισ.1.ευρώ.

1.

Introductory approach: Definingphilosopher, the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Βασικός στόχος του Greek ΠΔΕ 2018 είναι η κατανομή των ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the προκαθορισμένων πόρων κατά τρόπο που να επιτευχθεί το μέγιστο among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. δυνατό αναπτυξιακό αποτέλεσμα η χώρα να τεθείofσε σταθερή acquisition of knowledge starts with theώστε the content concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term τροχιά ανάπτυξης.

1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and Βασικός στόχος στην εκτέλεση του gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), asδημοσιονομικός the “refining” of a city the removal this, (in various Προϋπολογισμού Δημοσίων Επενδύσεων 2018 είναι η επίτευξη της Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andτου thethis placement there of artists, απορρόφησης των προβλεπόμενων πόρων ΕΣΠΑ 2014-2020 και the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results alsoπρογραμμάτων rising of land prices (andτην theof των άλλων συγχρηματοδοτούμενων για whatever other consequences has, results also rising ofκαι land (and the potential relative εξασφάλιση τηςspeculation). εισροής της κοινοτικής συνδρομής η prices ολοκλήρωση potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in earlyπόρων.

1960s and it refers to των έργων της περιόδου 2007-2013 δίχως απώλεια Σημαντική The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor είναι και η υλοποίηση των wealthy προγραμμάτων έργωνinτου εθνικού the then observed trend people toκαι buyτων property poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof σκέλους για τηνthem, προώθηση των αναπτυξιακών Φορέων London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes thereστόχων and thus των old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. που χρηματοδοτούνται από το ΠΔΕ, λαμβάνοντας υπόψη και τυχόν being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth συνέργεια συμπληρωματικότητα με τα συγχρηματοδοτούμενα A description of this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at theκαι same period, while similar recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major έργα.in Απαραίτητες προϋποθέσεις για τα ανωτέρω είναι ο ορθός cities Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

17.

Since then, the issue several scholars and for its more προγραμματισμός και ηhas στόχευση» Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Οι βασικοί θεσμικοί φορείς που εμπλέκονται στο σχεδιασμό και interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: a sense, theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups τηνInυλοποίηση του εθνικού is ΠΔΕ είναι οι εξής: to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money 1. Το Υπουργείο Οικονομίας και Ανάπτυξης and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 2. Το atcomes Υπουργείο Οικονομικών και ειδικότερα το for Γενικό The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS was born in sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, better Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Λογιστήριο του Κράτους. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and 17 long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Υπ. Οικονομίας και Ανάπτυξης, Εγκύκλιος Οδηγιών την Έγκριση και her work are characterized by a passion for justice.

See also: COLLINSγια ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Χρηματοδότηση του ΠΔΕetc., 2018for και τον Προγραμματισμό Δαπανών ΠΔΕ 2019-21, Μάρτιος Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a2018. variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

3. Οι Φορείς Χρηματοδότησης/Εκτέλεσης του Προγράμματος Δημοσίων Επενδύσεων, οι οποίοι είναι η Βουλή των Ελλήνων, τα Υπουργεία και οι Περιφέρειες. Επιπλέον των ανωτέρω, Φορείς Υλοποίησης του Προγράμματος Δημοσίων Επενδύσεων, είναι:

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS 1. Οι Περιφερειακές Ενότητες Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, 2. Οι Δήμοι

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect 3. Τα Νομικά Πρόσωπα Δημοσίου και τα Νομικά Πρόσωπα Student of the School of Architecture Ιδιωτικού Δικαίου Technical University of Crete 4. Οι Δημόσιες Επιχειρήσεις και Οργανισμοί (ΔΕΚΟ, ΑΕ 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ΔΗΜΟΣΙΟΥ).

1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), amongΔ.other heritage he left us, he established a great the ΤΟ wise «ΕΘΝΙΚΟ ΠΡΟΓΡΑΜΜΑ ΑΝΑΠΤΥΞΗΣ» (Π.Δ.

147/2017 among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. (ΦΕΚ 192/ofΑknowledge / 13.12.2017) acquisition starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Μέχρι –a first, κεντρικό /final, συντονιστικό ρόλο 1σήμερα, Based, therefore, onπρωταγωνιστικό this “principle” is inindicated if (in notthe approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 στην κατάρτιση και υλοποίηση του Προγράμματος Δημοσίων gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Επενδύσεων διαδραματίζει η Διεύθυνση Δημοσίων Επενδύσεων (ΔΔΕ), Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually ofκαι low-income and the placement artists, του Υπουργείου Οικονομίας Ανάπτυξης, στην οποία,there οι of Φορείς the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof Χρηματοδότησης (Βουλή των Ελλήνων, Υπουργεία, Περιφέρειες) whatever other consequences has, results also rising of έργα land prices (and the potential relative υποβάλλουν τιςspeculation). αρχικές συνολικές προτάσεις για τα των τομέων potential relative speculation). term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and itτα refers to καιThe κατηγοριών αρμοδιότητας τους, λαμβάνοντας υπόψη όρια The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor δαπανών του Κρατικού Προϋπολογισμού. the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof Η ΔΔΕ έχειthem, επίσης την κεντρική ευθύνη των London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes thereχρηματοδότησης and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. έργων των φορέων, με τη μεταφορά των σχετικών πιστώσεων στους being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth λογαριασμούς τους.

A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major νέος «Οργανισμός του Υπουργείου cities inΟWestern countries, by other Researchers. Οικονομίας και Ανάπτυξης» cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and στόχο for its more (πδ 147/2017), επαναβεβαιώνει ως επιχειρησιακό της Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Διεύθυνσης Δημοσίων Επενδύσεων τη «χρηματοδότηση της comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations phenomenon following: αναπτυξιακήςof the πολιτικής τηςof gentrification, χώρας με theτην υλοποίηση του interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Προγράμματος Δημοσίων Επενδύσεων (ΠΔΕ)». to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Στη συνέχεια, με το άρθρο 40, ο νέος Οργανισμός του φορέα, and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the συστήνει για πρώτη φορά, τη GLASS, Διεύθυνση Εθνικού 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside townΔιαχείρισης centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she(ΔΔΕΠΔΕ), published an important study entitled: Προγράμματος Δημοσίων Επενδύσεων με επιχειρησιακό services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for στόχο τοresearch «σχεδιασμό και from την ορθή υλοποίηση προγραμμάτων lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” private easier access markets, etc.where studies and Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher του in the ανάπτυξης χρηματοδοτούμενων από αμιγώς πόρους to another approach, the phenomenon isεθνικούς due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying ΠΔΕ». her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 252125 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Ειδικότερα, στις αρμοδιότητες της ΔΔΕΠΔΕ, συγκαταλέγονται κατά προτεραιότητα: - ο σχεδιασμός της δομής, του περιεχομένου και των διαδικασιών κατάρτισης του Εθνικού Προγράμματος Ανάπτυξης (ΕΠΑ), - η συγκρότηση και λειτουργία των συστημάτων διαχείρισης και

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ελέγχου του Εθνικού Προγράμματος Ανάπτυξης και των Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Προγραμμάτων στα οποία αυτό εξειδικεύεται, καθώς και

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect - η δημιουργία συστήματος αξιολόγησης των προγραμμάτων και Student of the School of Architecture έργων χρηματοδοτούμενων από εθνικούςTechnical πόρους με χρήση University of Crete μεθοδολογικών εργαλείων.

1. Introductory approach: Defining concept Η πρόβλεψη ύπαρξης, στο the εξής, μιας ειδικής υπηρεσίας με 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek και philosopher, αντικείμενο την theκατάρτιση διαχείριση ενός «Εθνικού ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wiseΑνάπτυξης» heritage he left us, he established a great the Προγράμματος που θα βασίζεται στους πόρους του among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. εθνικού σκέλους του ΠΔΕ, αποτελεί αναμφίβολα ένα θετικό βήμα προς acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term την Based, κατεύθυνση της θεσμικής κατοχύρωσης προγραμματικού 1 (and urban therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notτου final, approach, the term gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 ρόλου του, εφόσον όμως εκπληρωθεί άμεσα και η this, απαραίτητη gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various προϋπόθεση της προώθησης των αντίστοιχων νομοθετικών ρυθμίσεων Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, of low-income and thethis placement of artists, για τις διαδικασίες πουusually αφορούν στοetc. ΕΠΑ. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, However “change”,there regardless of

the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (andΤΑ the potential Ε. relative ΟΟΣΑ:speculation). ΔΩΔΕΚΑ ΚΑΤΕΥΘΥΝΤΗΡΙΕΣ ΓΡΑΜΜΕΣ ΓΙΑ potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is foundΕΠΕΝΔΥΣΕΩΝ at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to ΠΡΟΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΑ ΔΗΜΟΣΙΩΝ The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Χαρακτηριστική της «νέας εποχής» εγκαινιάζεται στιςareas μέρεςof the then observed trend wealthy people που to there buy property in poor London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are μας, για upgrade τις δημόσιες επενδύσεις, τη διεθνή τους ως London, them, stay themselves με sometimes thereαναγνώρισή and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. βασικού εργαλείου για την προώθηση των ιδιωτικών επενδύσεων, τη being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth λειτουργία αγοράς αλλά τηis βελτίωση της ποιότητας ζωήςmajor των A description ofperiod, this phenomenon included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at theτης same whileκαι similar situations in other GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major πολιτών, είναι countries, η έκδοσηbyαπό τον Οργανισμό Οικονομικής Συνεργασίας cities in Western other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its και Ανάπτυξης (ΟΟΣΑ), το 2014,Researchers. ειδικής έκθεσης Συστάσεων γιαmore την Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Αποτελεσματικότητα των Δημοσίων Επενδύσεων στα Επάλληλα comprehensive approach summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: 18. are being Επίπεδα Διακυβέρνησης interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In aΤο sense, theof phenomenon dueσυγκριτική togentrification, a trend ofέρευνα a new of social groups κείμενο βασίστηκε isστη και μελέτη κανόνων to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money εφαρμογής και καλών πρακτικών που καταγράφονται στις χώρες μέλη and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the του 1.ofThe οργανισμού, αναφορικά μεGLASS, τα 1912-1940. προγράμματα δημοσίων termat comes from Sociologist Ruth Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: επενδύσεων. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Με την ανταπόκριση στις νέες προκλήσεις lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc.where studies andγνώμονα research Geneva, Prague, London and car New Yorkπαγκόσμιες she came to back to London, in According 1943 published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the και τα she διεθνή πρότυπα της ανάπτυξης, ο ΟΟΣΑ διατυπώνει δώδεκα to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 18 and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. LondonPublic 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: OECD, Recommendation on Effective Investment Across Levels of Gentrification: G.2014.

ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aGovernment,March variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

«Κατευθυντήριες Γραμμές»19 για το σχεδιασμό και την υλοποίηση των προγραμμάτων δημοσίων επενδύσεων, οι οποίες, συνοπτικά περιλαμβάνουν: - τον συντονισμό εθνικού και υπο-εθνικού χωρικού επιπέδου, με στόχο την υιοθέτηση ολοκληρωμένης στρατηγικής, και κανόνων επένδυσης που διαρθρώνονται γύρω από τοπικές προτεραιότητες και

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS συγκριτικά πλεονεκτήματα.

Harvard University, Graduate School την of Design, Student, - τη χρήση εργαλείων που ενδυναμώνουν επενδυτική

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect δυνατότητα, όπως η μελέτη κινδύνων και επιπτώσεων, η συμμετοχή Student of the School of Architecture του ιδιωτικού τομέα και η επικέντρωση στην επίτευξη εφικτών Technical University of Crete αποτελεσμάτων.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept - την ανάπτυξη ενός δημοσιονομικού πλαισίου που να 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS,με theτους ancient Greek philosopher, ευθυγραμμίζεται τιθέμενους στόχους και να βασίζεται σε ένα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among otherρυθμιστικό wise heritage he left us,καθώς he established a great the συνεκτικό πλαίσιο, και σε ένα διαφανές και among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. αποτελεσματικό σύστημα οικονομικής διαχείρισης. acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or ΣΤ. ΣΥΜΠΕΡΑΣΜΑΤΑ gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Οof social ρόλος των δημοσίων επενδύσεων και η ουσιαστική τους Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, removal fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), groups, usually of low-income andthe the placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, συμβολή στην οικονομική μεγέθυνση αλλά και την ποιότητα ζωής των the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has, of landδημιουργώντας prices (and theof πολιτών other επαναβεβαιώνεται στιςresults μέρεςalso μαςrising διεθνώς, whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results alsoδαπανών. rising of land prices (and the potential μια τάσηrelative ενίσχυσης των σχετικών δημόσιων potential relative speculation).

TheΣτην term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and itπερίοδο refers to Ελλάδα, έχοντας διανύσει μια σημαντική The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor συρρίκνωσης τα χρόνια των μνημονίων, το Πρόγραμμα Δημοσίων the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof Επενδύσεων εμφανίζει τάσηsometimes μεγέθυνσης πόρων και της London, upgrade them, stayξανά themselves thereτων and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”.

20. Ειδικότερα, οι σύγχρονες απαιτήσεις εφαρμογής του σημασίας του being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth επενδυτικού και δημοσιονομικού σχεδιασμού τηςof Sociologist χώρας μας A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major αναδεικνύουν ρόλο του ΠΔΕ Researchers. στην πράξη. cities in Western το countries, by other cities countries, bypreoccupied other Since then, the issueαυτή, has several scholars and for its more Ηin Western διαπίστωση απόResearchers. κοινού με τις επιταγές του νέου Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various οικονομικού περιβάλλοντος που έχει δημιουργηθεί μετά more την comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, following: δημοσιονομική κρίση, καθιστούν επιτακτικήthe την ανάγκη, τόσο για interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend a new of social groups εκσυγχρονισμό και αναμόρφωση του of πεπαλαιωμένου και συχνά to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money ατελούς θεσμικού πλαισίου του ελληνικού ΠΔΕ στο σύνολό του, όσο and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the και 1.για θεσμική του προγραμματικού σχεδιασμού τουin termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS for wasbetter born sense ofThe safety the κατοχύρωση distributed residencies outside town centres, search Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: εθνικού σκέλους ειδικότερα. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and 19 long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying http://www.oecd.org/effective-public-investment-toolkit/theprinciples.htm her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 20 and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theΜεσοπρόθεσμο depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Υπουργείο Οικονομικών, Πλαίσιο Δημοσιονομικής Στρατηγικής Gentrification: G.Μάϊος ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a2018-21, varietyΑθήνα, of ways, in 2017. order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 252127 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Η μεταρρυθμιστική αυτή προσπάθεια οφείλει να λάβει υπόψη ότι, για να παρακολουθήσουν τις σύγχρονες παγκόσμιες τάσεις και προοπτικές, τα προγράμματα δημοσίων επενδύσεων καλούνται στο εξής, να εναρμονιστούν με νέα αναπτυξιακά μοντέλα, καθώς και με νέους, διεθνώς αποδεκτούς κανόνεςεπάλληλης διακυβέρνησηςκαι δημοσιονομικής διαχείρισης. Στο πλαίσιο αυτό, οφείλουν να

By Mr. ATHANASOPOULOS λειτουργήσουν, μεταξύ άλλων, και ωςGeorge-Sp. καταλύτεςC.για την περαιτέρω Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, υποστήριξη και ενδυνάμωση και των ιδιωτικών επενδύσεων.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΗ ΒΙΒΛΙΟΓΡΑΦΙΑ

1. Introductory Defining concept Βινιεράτου approach: Μ., «Προοπτική τηςthe ευρωπαϊκής τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ancient Greekτης philosopher, καιANTISTHENIS, πολιτισμός: Μιαthe νέα θεώρηση τοπικής βιώσιμης ανάπτυξης μέσα the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among wise heritage he left us, he established a great the απόANTISTHENIS, τονother πολιτισμό», Διδακτορική Διατριβή, Πανεπιστήμιο Πελοποννήσου, among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Μάϊος 2016. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term Βινιεράτου - Μποσινάκη Μ, Τουρή Μ, Δεληθέου Βασ, «Οι διαδικασίες 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification του ευρωπαϊκού προγραμματισμού και η εξέλιξη της 1 (andπεριφερειακού gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various αυτοδιοίκησης στην Ελλάδα», Επιθεώρηση Αποκέντρωσης, Τοπικής Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Αυτοδιοίκησης και Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης, 63, Αθήνα 2011. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andτεύχος thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of Δεληθέου Β.: Θεσμικό Πλαίσιο Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (andΕκδ. theof Παπαζήση, Αθήνα, 2018. whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). Δεληθέου Β., Βινιεράτου Αυτοδιοίκηση», potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found atΜ., first«Αποκέντρωση in the UK in earlyκαι 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto Σημειώσεις Παραδόσεων, ΚΔ Εκπαιδευτική Σειρά, ΕΣΣΔΑ 2017. the then observed trend ofis wealthy to buy property in poor the then observed of wealthyΠεριφερειακή people to there buy property in poor areas Κόνσολας Ν.,trend Σύγχρονη Οικονομική Πολιτική, London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves Εκδόσεις Παπαζήση, Αθήνα, 1997. sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this included inτων the work of Sociologist Ruth Μαρματάκης Ν.:phenomenon Θεωρία καιis πολιτική κινήτρων οικονομικής A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the Αθήναι, same while similar in other major αναπτύξεως.

1969.

GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities inΜπίτσικας Western countries, by other Αξιολόγηση Researchers. Δημοσίων Επενδύσεων στην Γ., «Κοινωνική cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has scholars and for its more Ελλάδα», ΚΕΠΕ, Αθήνα 1986. preoccupiedseveral Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from Παπαδόπουλος Θ., Ταξινόμηση δαπανών εθνικού ΠΔΕ:the α) various κατά comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: τομέα οικονομικής β) ανά περιφέρεια και νομό και γ) interpretations theδραστηριότητας, phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups κατά ειδικό πρόγραμμα (π.χ. ολυμπιακά έργα, έργα των ΟΤΑ, έργα για to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money σεισμούς Εργασία, Αθήναwhere 2014.work place is, lack of the and time toκλπ.), travelΤελική from the purlieusΕΣΔΔΑ, to downtown, Υπ. Οικονομίας καιSociologist Ανάπτυξης, Οδηγιών για την for Έγκριση The term from RuthΕγκύκλιος GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense1.of safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, search Berlin, where she made her firstΠΔΕ studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: και Χρηματοδότηση του 2018 και τον Προγραμματισμό Δαπανών services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for ΠΔΕ 2019-21, 2018. from lower living costΜάρτιος of, in “withdrawal” private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Υπουργείο Οικονομικών, Μεσοπρόθεσμο Δημοσιονομικής in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In Πλαίσιο 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued social research. brokers Her public and Στρατηγικής 2018-21, Μάϊος 2017.hermanufacturers, long-term effortΑθήνα, by organized groups, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

28

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TO¶.AYT. AYT.¶EP. ¶EP.AN. AN./ R.DEC. / R.DEC.ADM. ADM.LOC. LOC.DEV. DEV.REG. REG./ R. / R.DEC. DEC.LOC. LOC.GOV. GOV.REG. REG.DEV. DEV. E¶.

GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns ΞΕΝΗ ΒΙΒΛΙΟΓΡΑΦΙΑ

Dreger C. Reimers H., The Impact of Public By Investment on Private Investment in Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard School of Design, Student, the University, Euro Graduate Area, Vierteljahrshefte zur By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Wirtschaftsforschung, ISSN 1861-1559, Student of the School of Architecture Duncker & Humblot, Berlin, Vol. 84, Iss. 3, pp.

Technical University of Crete 183-193.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept European Parliament, Public and 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient GreekInvestment philosopher, (444 BCEuropean - 370 BC, Athens), Private in the Union, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -Affairs 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the Working Paper, Economic Series, among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge starts1999. with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first,G., if of not final, approach, the term Makuyana Odhiambo N., Public and 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification Private Investment and Growth: (or A 1 (and urban gentrification) gentrification indicated (in Economic thefrom areathis, of Planning) Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Review, Journal of Accounting and Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement Management 2016, vol.: 06; no.: 02; pp.

25 of – ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless 42. whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the Mehrotra and Välilä (2006).

Public potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the in early 1960s and it refers to Investment in UKEurope: Evolution and The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Determinants in Perspective, Fiscal Studies, the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof vol. 27, no.

4, pp. 443–471.

London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”.

OECD, Recommendation on Effective being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Public of A description ofperiod, this phenomenon isInvestment included inwere the Across work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations recorded inLevels other major Government, March 2014.

GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied otherStreeck Researchers. and Mertens (2011).

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for itsFiscal more Since then, the issue has preoccupied scholars andthe for various its more Austerity andseveral Public Investment Is the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Possible the Enemy of the Necessary?, Maxinterpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend offür a new of social groups Planck-Institut Gesellschaftsforschung to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for severalPaper reasons: high costs in money (MPIfG) Discussion 11/12. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for ΔΙΑΔΙΚΤΥΟ lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, edujob.gr/node in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she http://www.oecd.org/effective-publiccontinued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in investment-toolkit/theprinciples.htm 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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