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32 Δις GENTRIFICATION Ευρώ από την Ε.Ε. την Ελλάδα! Definition, Types ofγια Intervention, …και τώρα τι; Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Του κ. Θεοδώρ. Α. ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΥ Διδάκτ. Οκονομ. καιConcerns Κοινων. Επιστημ. Πανεπιστημίου Αμβούργου,

Επισκ. Καθηγητού Ευρωπαϊκής Ολοκλήρωσης Παν/μίου Βόννης, Στελέχους της Ε.Ε. By Mr. George-Sp. C.πρ. ATHANASOPOULOS

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Abstract: Architect Student of Architecture The short article ‘’32 billion euros from the of EUthe forSchool Greece…and now Technical of Crete what?’’, deals with the proposed ‘’Recovery Plan’’, by University the European Commission as a result of the European Response, to COVID-19 pandemic, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept global crisis. Furthermore theDefining article refers to the supplementary 32 billion 1. Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, - 370 BC, Athens), euros, in favor of Greece, within the framework, of(444 thisBC financial package. A ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the key argument is the ‘’control’’ aspect of the implementation of these funds among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge of the in content concepts. according to naturalstarts andwith real needs of Greece conformity with the acquisition ofthe knowledge starts with the the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term European criteria and (existing and if new) financial mechanisms. 1 (and urban Based,priorities, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification Some key orientations are finally proposed in order to optimize recovery 1 gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, ofthe Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various effort of theascountry for the next critical years forthe Greece andfrom the EU-27. Sociology well), as the “refining” of a city area, removal this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Η of ελληνική οικονομία επλήγη σοβαρά τοand πρώτο εξάμηνο του 2020 από ways), social groups, usually of low-income thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of την πανδημία του COVID-19, όπως συνέβη και στα περισσότερα κράτη μέλη the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof της ΕΕ. Οιrelative ελπίδες για ανάκαμψηhas, και results θετική εξέλιξη κατάofτοland τρέχον έτος 2020 whatever otherspeculation). consequences also rising prices (and the potential εξασθένησαν πολύ παγκοσμίως και ιδιαίτερα για εκείνες τις χώρες, όπου η potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to επιβίωσὴ τους εξαρτάται ακόμα από την οποιαδήποτε «έξωθεν» άμεση η The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor έμμεση οικονομική βοήθεια και τωνsometimes οποίων έχουν χαμηλή the then observed trend wealthy people to οι buyοικονομίες property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves there and thus old residents areof παραγωγικότητα και περιορισμένες δυνατότητες ή στηρίζονται London, upgrade them, stay themselvesεξαγωγικές sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. σε μεγάλο βαθμό“squeezed”. από τομέα των is υπηρεσιών being indirectly A description of thisτον phenomenon included inπ.χ. theτουρισμός. work of Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon is included in the recorded work of Επιτροπής Sociologist Ruth Ως εκ τούτου, η πρόσφατη πρόταση της Ευρωπαϊκής της GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major κυρίας Von der LEYEN προς το Ευρωπαϊκό Κοινοβούλιο και το Συμβούλιο της cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities Western countries, by other ανάκαμψης» Researchers. ΕΕ γιαin ένα «εκτεταμένο σχέδιο μεscholars βάση «έναν ισχυρό και Since then, the issue has preoccupied several and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more σύγχρονο προϋπολογισμό για summarized μια πιο βιώσιμη, ψηφιακή καιvarious δίκαιη comprehensive approach της are ΕΕ being below, from the comprehensive approach areυποδοχής being summarized below, from theκρατών various Ευρώπη» έτυχε από τις the Κυβερνήσεις των interpretations of διθυραμβικής the phenomenon of gentrification, following: interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: Μελών, τα ΜΜΕ, τους Ειδικούς πολυπράγμονες διαμορφωτές της In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueκαι togentrification, aμη trend of a new of social groups κοινής γνώμης και από πολλούς και εύκολα υποσχόμενους πολιτικούς και to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money πολιτικά Στη μας, κατ’ εξοχήν αποδέκτη τηςis,ενωσιακής and time toκόμματα. travel from theχώρα purlieus to downtown, where work place lack of the 1.of The termat comes fromοιSociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. GLASS wasbetter born sense safety the distributed residencies outside town for διάφοροι υπολογισμοί, εξ’centres, ουRuth καιsearch ο τὶτλος τουin αλληλεγγύης, άρχισαν Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, entertainment “atτου theτι heart of theγια city”, (possibly) παρόντος, και «οιeducation, ανταγωνισμοί ερμηνείας» σημαίνει την Ελλάδα Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where αυτή η «νέα συμφωνία μεταξύ των γενεών για το άμεσο μέλλον» ή «γιατὶ μας studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher in the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic δίνουν τόσα λεφτά» ιδίως όταν η πρόταση στηρίζεται από την Γαλλία και and την University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Γερμανία (Πρωτοβουλία Μέρκελ-Μακρόν). her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of partη of the urban web, in ΑπόWil. την άλλη πλευρά διαπιστώνεται ότι πρόταση αυτή 10th edit. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aαντιμετωπίζεται variety of ways, in order to achieve “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually με επιφυλάξεις καιtheδυσπιστίες από τους γνωστούς

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

αντιρρησίες του Βορρά, δηλαδή κυρίως την Ολλανδία, την Δανία, την Σουηδία και Αυστρία. Οι από “τετραετίας αποχωρούντες”, λόγω BREXIT, φίλοι Βρετανοί, μάλλον δεν μπορούν να έχουν «θεσμική» άποψη επ’ αυτού, ωστόσο οφείλω να τονίσω, το θετικό πρωτοσέλιδο των έγκυρων Financial Times: «Brussels asks to borrow € 750 billion to bankroll coronavirus recovery», συνοδευόμενο μάλιστα από μια τρίστηλη(!) φωτογραφία της προέδρου της Ευρωπαϊκής Επιτροπής von der LEYEN. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Στα μὲσα του Ιουλὶου 2020 υοθετήθηκε, με κάποιες τροποποιήσεις, η Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, πρόταση της Επιτροπής μετά από τετραήμερες συζητήσεις στο έκτακτο By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Ευρωπαϊκό Συμβούλιο (17-21 Ιουλίου 2020),Student υπό τηνofπροεδρία της the School of Γερμανίας. Architecture Η απόφαση αφορά, στο πολυετές δημοσιονομικό πλαίσιο την περίοδο Technicalγια University of Crete 2021-27 ενισχυμένο από το μέσο «Next Generation EU» αποτελεί δε μια 1. Introductory approach: concept χρηματοδοτική δέσμη ύψουςDefining 1.824,3 the δις.ευρώ. Σκοπεύει δε, στην ανάκαμψη 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept τηςANTISTHENIS, οικονομίας στο αντιμετώπισης των theπλαίσιο ancient Greek philosopher, (444κοινωνικοοικονομικών BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other της wiseπανδημίας heritage he left us, he a θεωρώ great the επιπτώσεων COVID-19. Ωςestablished εκ τούτου, χρήσιμο, μετά among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a «άλλη greatof“principle”: the acquisition ofτην knowledge starts with of the concepts. της από αυτή νομική «δέσμευση», να δούμε τηνcontent πλευρά» acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term ευρωπαϊκής αλληλεγγύης. 1 (and urban Based, therefore, this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notΣουμάν final, approach, the term gentrification) the area of (or gentrification Από την εποχήon της Διακήρυξης του Ρομπέρτ (9 Planning) Μαίου1950, 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Παρίσι), η αρχή της αλληλεγγύης, απετέλεσε την βάση της συνεργασίας και Sociology as well), as ισχυροτὲρων the “refining” of a city area, the this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and theremoval placement αλληλοστήριξης των οικονομικά κρατών, προςfrom ταthere ασθενέστερα. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of Δενoperation υπάρχει, of κατά την άποψή μου, κανεὶς εχὲφρων,this που να αμφισβητεί τον the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the καλοπροαίρετο «εξισσοροποιητικό χαρακτήρα» αυτής της ακρογωνιαίας γιαof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative την ευρωπαϊκή ολοκλήρωση αρχής. potential relative speculation). TheΤο term gentrification is περιπλέκεται, found at first inόταν the UK in earlyκανείς, 1960s and refers to θέμα φαίνεται να προσέξει την itκατά τον The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Σουμάν ερμηνευόμενη αρχή της αλληλεγγύης, στην περίφημη διακήρυξή του, the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade stay of themselves andδια thusμιας, old residents areof σύμφωνα με την them, οποία δενsometimes θα διαμορφωθεί σε ένα London, upgrade them, «Η stayΕυρώπη, themselves there and thus oldούτε residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. συνολικό οικοδόμημα: θα διαμορφωθεί μέσα από συγκεκριμένα επιτεύγματα being indirectly “squeezed”. description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth πουAA θα δημιουργήσουν μια πραγματική description ofperiod, this πρώτα phenomenon is situations includedαλληλεγγύη» inwere the recorded work of(υπογραμμίσεις Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major τ.σ.). Οι at υπογραμμισμένες έννοιες αποτελούν τo κύριο αντικείμενο της GLASS the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. προσοχής μας, στο σύντομο αυτό άρθρο, μια και υποδηλώνουν μια επιτυχή cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more υλοποίηση κάθε the σχεδίου, που χρειάζεται να several πιστοποιηθεί ως τέτοια, «να Since then, issue has scholars andthe forάρα its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from various ελεγχθεί». comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Έλεγχος λοιπόν! Μία λέξη, η άλλη όψη του νομίσματος της αλληλεγγύης, interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups που δυστυχώς εύκολα λησμονείται από τους «αποδέκτες» της, to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: highείτε costsπρόκειται in money για ατομικές, είτε για συνολικές περιπτώσεις. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Ποιος θα όμως τις GLASS, όποιες χρηματοδοτικές εισροές The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for was born in sense1.of safety the ελέγξει distributed residencies outside town centres, better Berlin, where she made her firstήstudies. In 1932 απὸ she published anπρος important study entitled: (επιχορηγήσεις ή δάνεια εγγυήσεις), την ΕΕ τις επιλὲξιμες services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. The same year she των left Germany and after continuous περιοχὲς, ήcost τομεὶς της οικονομὶας κρατών Μελών, κατά την περίοδο lower living of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, εφαρμογής των νέων «Πυλώνων», που προβλὲπει Πρόγραμμα / Σχέδιο in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon isτοdue a systematic and University informal College of London, where continued social research. brokers Her public and ανάπτυξης, για την Ευρώπη πουshe προτεὶνει η her Επιτροπή; long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Συνεχίζεται… and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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