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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Ελένη Καββαδία Concerns By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Το Ειδικό Καθεστώς Οικονομικών Δραστηριοτήτων του Ελληνικού
Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,
Κράτους και Ελλήνων Υπηκόων Χώρες των Βαλκανίων:Architect By Mr. σε George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Student of the School of Architecture
Θεωρητικές Προσεγγίσεις και Εμπειρικοί Προσανατολισμοί Technical University of Crete
1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification Helen Kavvadia 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of The special status of economic activities of the Hellenic State the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative and of Greek citizens in Balkan countries: potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor theoretical approaches and empirical perspectives the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: Β΄έκδοση In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she came to back to London, ΚΕΝΤΡΟ ΕΠΙΜΟΡΦΩΣΗΣ, ΜΕΛΕΤΩΝ in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and ΕΡΕΥΝΑΣ ΚΑΙ ΑΝΑΠΤΥΞΗΣ University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Αθήναι, 2018 G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 252115 11
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ΣΗΜΕΙΩΜΑ ΤΟΥ GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types ofΕΚΔΟΤΗ Intervention, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification ΤοDefinition, Κέντρο Επιμόρφωσης, Μελετών, Έρευνας και Ανάπτυξης, συσταθέν εν έτει 1990, εν τηConcerns επιθυμία των Μελών της Διοίκησής του, συγκειμένης εκ Καθηγητών Πανεπιστημίου και Ειδικών Επιστημόνων,
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να «διαχέεται», κατά το δυνατόν, σε ευρύτερους κύκλους η γνώση και By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS να προβάλλονται διαπρεπείς Επιστήμονες, αποφάσισε την έκδοση του Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, ανά χείρας έργου της κυρίας Ελένης Καββαδία. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Τα Μέλη του Δ.Σ. του Κέντρου έκριναν, ότι εν λόγω έργο, Student of theτο School of Architecture προϊόν μακράς συστηματικής έρευνας και λίαν ευδοκίμου Technical University of Crete επιστημονικής και επαγγελματικής δραστηριότητας, είναι ιδιαζόντως 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept υψηλής ποιότηταςapproach: και αναφέρεται σε ενδιαφέροντα θέματα. 1. Introductory Defining theεξόχως concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -«σύλληψη» 370 BC, Athens), Το όλον έργο διακρίνεται για την πρωτότυπη του ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the κεντρικού πυρήνα, τον πλούτο των στοιχείων, το μεγάλο εύρος της among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the θεματολογίας, την on συνθετική κριτική των επιapproach, μέρους πτυχών acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, this “principle” aθεώρηση first, if of not final, the term 1 διαφόρων ζητημάτων. Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Σε μία περίοδο τα Βαλκάνια γίνονται καιfrom πάλιthis, αντικείμενο Sociology as well), as the όπου “refining” of a city area, the removal (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” ofοι a city area, the from this,δεν (inartists, various διεθνούς ενδιαφέροντος, καθώς χώρες περιοχής που είναι ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andτης theremoval placement there of ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the of artΕυρωατλαντικών galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, of ήδηoperation μέλη των Δομών δρομολογούν την regardless ενταξιακή the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences results also rising land prices theof τους πορεία, η Ελλάδα has, επανεξετάζει την of πολιτική της(and στην whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Νοτιοανατολική Ευρώπη, όπου οι οικονομικές σχέσεις διαδραματίζουν potential relative speculation). The term gentrification at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to πρωταγωνιστικό ρόλο. is found The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Η upgrade Συγγραφέας Ελένη Καββαδία έχει the then observed trend of wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, them, stayκυρία themselves sometimes and thusπολυδιάστατες old residents areof ακαδημαϊκές σπουδές στην Οικονομία, την Διοίκηση London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there andΕπιχειρήσεων, thus old residentsτα are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. Συστήματα Πληροφοριών και την Γεωστρατηγική, στην Ελλάδα και A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth description of this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth στοAΕξωτερικό. Επιπλέον η similar επαγγελματική της ενασχόληση μεmajor την GLASS at the same period, while in other GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Νοτιοανατολική Ευρώπη, ως Researchers. ανώτερο Στέλεχος της Ευρωπαϊκής cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several μέρος scholars andυπό for εξέταση its more Τράπεζας Επενδύσεων, κατά το μεγαλύτερο της Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from περιόδου, της επιτρέπει να being έχει summarized επιτόπια γνώση και προσωπική comprehensive approach are below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: εμπειρία στο θέμα. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Το έργο έχει ως βάση Διδακτορική Διατριβή της κυρίας Ελένης to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Καββαδία, με θὲμα οικονομικών and time to travel from«Το the ειδικό purlieusκαθεστώς to downtown, where workδραστηριοτήτων place is, lack of the του Ελληνικού Κράτους ως Μέλους της Ένωσης καιin 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born sense of safety at the distributed residencies outsideΕυρωπαϊκής town centres, for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Ελλήνων σε Χώρες των Βαλκανίων: προσεγγίσεις services of Υπηκόων health, education, entertainment “at theΘεωρητικές heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where και εμπειρικοί προσανατολισμοί», που υπεβλὴθη στο Τμήμα studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher in the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and Οικονομικής και Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης του Παντείου University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Πανεπιστημίου Κοινωνικών και Πολιτικών Αθηνών και her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also:Επιστημών COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ενεκρίθη το 2016, της οποίας υπήρξα Επιβλέπων Καθηγητής. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Προσεγγίζει το θέμα ολιστικά, εξετάζοντας τόσο την επίσημη
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns
αναπτυξιακή βοήθεια μέσω του Ελληνικού Σχεδίου Οικονομικής Ανασυγκρότησης των Βαλκανίων-ΕΣΟΑΒ, όσο και τις Ελληνικές άμεσες ξένες επενδύσεις σε επτά χώρες της Νοτιοανατολικής Ευρώπης, και συγκεκριμένα Αλβανία, Βοσνία και Ερζεγοβίνη, Βουλγαρία, Κροατία, ΠΓΔΜ, Ρουμανία και Σερβία. Από αυτές, εν τω μεταξύ μόνο δύο είναι ήδη μέλη της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, ενώ οι υπόλοιπες πέντε φιλοδοξούν By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS να ενταχθούν ως το 2025. Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Το βιβλίο και κατά βάση η Διδακτορική Διατριβή στηνStudent, οποία By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect βασίζεται πραγματεύεται ένα θέμα με ιδιαίτερο ερευνητικό ενδιαφέρον Student of the School of Architecture καθότι, την εικοσαετή περίοδο 1990-2010, η Ελλάδα γίνεται για πρώτη Technical University of Crete φορά στην ιστορία της, τόσο χορηγός/δωρητής Επίσημης 1. Introductory approach: the concept Αναπτυξιακής Βοήθειας - Defining (ΕΑΒ), μέσω του Ελληνικού Σχεδίου για την 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek Οικονομική Ανασυγκρότηση των philosopher, Βαλκανίων - (ΕΣΟΑΒ), όσο και ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among otherΆμεσων wise heritage he Επενδύσεων left us, he established a και great the εξαγωγέας Ξένων - (ΑΞΕ), μάλιστα σε μια among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. περιοχή, και κατά μιαstarts χρονική συγκυρία, όπου γίνονται ιστορικές acquisition of knowledge with the the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term γεωπολιτικές καιurban γεωοικονομικές με εμπλεκόμενη 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inανακατατάξεις, a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) indicated area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 ολόκληρη την Διεθνή Κοινότητα. Για τον λόγο αυτό η gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, ofάλλωστε Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various οικονομική εμπλοκή της Ελλάδας στα Βαλκάνια έχει απασχολήσει Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, κυρίως την Ελληνική, αλλά και μερικώς την ξένη Βιβλιογραφία, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences results rising of land (and the πρωτίστως Επιστήμονες απόhas, χώρες τηςalso Βαλκανικής, καιprices όχι μόνο. Τοof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and potential relative θέμα εξετάζεται σε επτά χώρες, στις οποίες επικεντρώνεται και the η potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to οικονομική δραστηριότητα τόσο του Ελληνικού Κράτους, μέσω The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trendκαι ofiswealthy to buy property poor διμερών συμφωνιών, του Εθνικού ΕΣΟΑΒ,ininόσο και τωνof the then observed trend wealthy peopleΣχεδίου to there buy property poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are Ελλήνων υπηκόων, υπό την μορφή ΑΞΕ. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Ως προς “squeezed”. διάρθρωση 16 being indirectly A description ofτην this τυπική phenomenon is includedηinμελέτη the workπεριλαμβάνει of Sociologist Ruth συνολικά Κεφάλαια, ταwhile 15 similar εκ isτων οποίων 5 A description ofperiod, this phenomenon included inwere theταξινομούνται work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same situations recorded in other σε major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major θεματικές ενότητες ενώ το 16ο Κεφάλαιο αποτελεί τον Επίλογο cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more διαπιστώσεων και συμπερασμάτων. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars and for its του, more comprehensive approach are being summarized from various Το έργο παρουσιάζει ιδιαίτερο ενδιαφέρον τόσο για τοthe θέμα comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, following: ερευνητική που παραμένει επίκαιρο, όσοofκαι για την the πρωτότυπη interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: social groups In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new μεθοδολογία και την διεπιστημονική προσέγγιση, που ofκεντρίζει το to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money ενδιαφέρον για ένα ευρύ αναγνωστικό κοινό, με αναζητήσεις που and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the γεωγραφικά άπτονται στηνresidencies Νοτιοανατολική Ευρώπη, και θεματικά σεin 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS wasbetter born sense safety the distributed outside town centres, search for Berlin, where she made her και first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Νομικό επίπεδο, αλλά στους τομείς των Πολιτικών Επιστημών και services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Διεθνών Σχέσεων, της Prague, Οικονομικής Διπλωματίας, των Διεθνών lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, London and car New York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. Inκαι 1950 sheto became teacher in the Οικονομικών, Ευρωπαϊκής Ολοκλήρωσης της Επιχειρηματικής toτης another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Στρατηγικής. Περαιτέρω ενδιαφέρει ερευνητικά όσους ασχολούνται με her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate,της etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London The Free Encyclopedia: την μεθοδολογία αξιολόγησης και 2009. της WIKIPEDIA: χρήσης επιχειρηματικών Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aμοντέλων variety of ανάλυσης, ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, όπως PEST, SWOT, VRIO, “voluntary”, το μοντέλο(actually «πέντε 252117 11
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns
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δυνάμεων ή ανταγωνιστικών δυνάμεων» (the five forces model) και το μοντέλο «αλυσίδα αξίας» (the value chain model) του M. Porter. Ειδικά για όσους ενδιαφέρονται για το ΕΣΟΑΒ, η μελέτη περιλαμβάνει μια κριτική προσέγγιση, λεπτομερή ανάλυση της λειτουργίας και δραστηριότητάς του, καθώς και την πρώτη αξιολόγησή του, με βάση την μεθοδολογία Διεθνών Οργανισμών. Η αξιολόγηση, με την George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS παράλληλη αποτίμηση των By Mr. αποτελεσμάτων, δεν αποτελεί Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, παρελθοντολογία, αλλά καθίσταται χρήσιμη για τον σχεδιασμό και By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect εφαρμογή μελλοντικών παρομοίων δράσεων. Student of the School of Architecture Η μελέτη συνδυάζει τις θεωρητικές προσεγγίσεις, εμπειρικούς Technicalμε University of Crete προσανατολισμούς, τόσο όσον αφορά στις οικονομικές 1. Introductory του approach: Defining the concept δραστηριότητες Ελληνικού Κράτους, όσο και Ελλήνων Υπηκόων σε 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek BC - 370προσέγγιση, BC, Athens), χώρες των Βαλκανίων. Εδράζει σε philosopher, μια στέρεα (444 θεωρητική ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the ολοκληρωμένη και διεξοδική στατιστική ανάλυση αξιόπιστων among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. στοιχείων ταknowledge οποία προέρχονται από επίσημες βάσειςof concepts. δεδομένων acquisition of starts with theindefinition the content Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Διεθνών, και ΕθνικώνisinΦορέων, των οποίων έχειtheγίνει 1 (and urban Based, Ευρωπαϊκών therefore, on this “principle” a first, if (in not final, approach, term gentrification) indicated the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 χρονική εναρμόνιση, ώστε να καλύπτεται ολόκληρη η εικοσαετής υπό gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various εξέταση περίοδος 1990-2010, ενώ παράλληλα έχει γίνει εκτεταμένη Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andτην thethis placement of artists, γραφική επεξεργασία, μεrestaurants, απώτερο σκοπό συγκρισιμότητα των the operation of art galleries, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof αντίστοιχων στοιχείων. whatever otherλόγους consequences resultsότι alsoτοrising landκυρίας prices Ελένης (and the potential speculation). Γιαrelative τους αυτούςhas, θεωρώ, έργοofτης potential relative speculation). The term gentrification found at first inτους the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Καββαδία αφ΄ενὸς μενis επιτυγχάνει στόχους και απαντά στα The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor ερωτήματα εντός trend του τεθέντος πεδίου αφ΄ετέρου δε the then observed wealthyεπιστημονικού people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof αποτελεί χρήσιμο σημείο υποδειγματικής καιoldπεραιτέρω London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimesαναφοράς there and thus residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. έρευνας σε σχετικούς τομείς ιδίως σε μια περιοχή της ΕΕ η οποία being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth επηρεάζεται άμεσα συμπεριφορά της από τιςof Sociologist εξελίξεις της A description ofperiod, thisστην phenomenon is situations included inwere the work Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major διεθνούς γεωπολιτικής γεωοικονομίας. cities in Western countries, και by other Researchers. cities countries, bypreoccupied other Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Ηin Western κριτική αναδρομή στηνResearchers. Ελληνική οικονομική συνεργασία με Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various χώρες της Βαλκανικής κατά την εικοσαετία 1990-2010, την οποία comprehensivethe approach are being summarized from the various interpretations phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: παρουσιάζει of το έργο αυτό, μπορεί να χρησιμεύσει ως βάση για interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups μελλοντικές δράσεις στην περιοχή, τόσο του Ελληνικού Κράτους, όσο to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money και Ελλήνων επενδυτών. Παρά την οικονομική κρίση, η Ελληνική and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the οικονομία παραμένει συγκριτικά ισχυρή, με1912-1940. ακαθάριστο εθνικό προϊόν 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, Ruth search GLASS for was born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, better Berlin, where she madeτο her συνολικό first studies. όλων In 1932 she published an important study entitled: μεγαλύτερο από των υπό ένταξη χωρών, ενώ services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for παράλληλα, αγορές αποτελούν γιαto τις Ελληνικές lower living costοιof,ξένες “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Newδιέξοδο York she came back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. υποτονικής In 1950 sheto became teacher in the επιχειρήσεις, τις τρέχουσες συνθήκες στην toυπό another approach, the phenomenon is due aζήτησης systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying εγχώρια αγορά. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for depreciation initially part of the urban web, in 10th edit. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ΓιαWil. τον λόγο αυτό, η the ιστορική αναδρομή, ηofμέθοδος ανάλυσης και G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. wetzel/gentry.htm aηGentrification: variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually συμπερασματική σύνθεση πουhttp://www.uncanny.net/ παρουσιάζονται σ΄αυτό, μπορούν να
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns
είναι χρήσιμες σε Φορείς τόσο του δημόσιου, όσο και του ιδιωτικού τομέα, οι οποίοι ασχολούνται με την χάραξη επίσημης κρατικής οικονομικής πολιτικής και οικονομικής διπλωματίας, καθώς και επενδυτικά σχέδια στην περιοχή, αντίστοιχα. Πέραν αυτών, το έργο απευθύνεται στην Ακαδημαϊκή Κοινότητα, καθότι αποτελεί Β΄ έκδοση Διδακτορικής Διατριβής, η οποία Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS υποστηρίχθηκε με επιτυχία στοByΠάντειο Πανεπιστήμιο το 2016. Η Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, διεπιστημονική προσέγγιση του θέματος το καθιστά χρήσιμο για By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Ακαδημαϊκούς Μελετητές της Νοτιοανατολικής Ευρώπης με υπόβαθρο Student of the School of Architecture διεθνών και ευρωπαϊκών σχέσεων, διεθνών οικονομικών, ή Technical University of Crete επιχειρηματικής στρατηγικής, αλλά και σε όσους ασχολούνται με 1. Introductory approach:και Defining the concept πτυχές του θέματος. νομικές, γεωπολιτικές γεωοικονομικές 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, Ιδιαίτερο ενδιαφέρον παρουσιάζει και η πρωτότυπη μεθοδολογία, η ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the οποία χρησιμοποιεί γνωστά μοντέλα της επιχειρηματικής στρατηγικής, among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. με καινοτόμους τρόπους καιwith σε νέους τομείς εφαρμογής. Η του acquisition of knowledge starts theindefinition the content of ένταξη concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term θέματος γεωπολιτικό οικονομικό περιβάλλον καιterm τα 1 γενικότερο Based,στο therefore, on this “principle” is inκαι a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the (and urban gentrification) indicated area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 σχετικά Κεφάλαια διευρύνουν τον κύκλο Ερευνητών, οι οποίοι gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various μπορούν να αντλήσουν χρήσιμες πληροφορίες για την Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, of low-income and the placement of artists, μακροοικονομική, και usually γεωπολιτική κατάσταση της περιοχής, καθώς και the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences alsoΟργανισμών. rising of land Οι prices (and και theof τον ρόλο other άλλων κρατών καιhas, τωνresults Διεθνών πλήρεις whatever other consequences has, results also rising land prices the potential relative speculation). ομοιογενείς στατιστικοί πίνακες εντάσσουν το ofβιβλίο στις (and πηγές potential relative speculation). The termγια gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to αναφοράς περαιτέρω έρευνες. The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Αν και το εν trend γένει θέμα της Ελληνικής οικονομικής the then observed wealthy people to there buy property inπαρέμβασης poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof στα Βαλκάνια έχει αντικείμενο πολλαπλής London, upgrade them,αποτελέσει stay themselves sometimes there and thusσυγγραφικής old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. δραστηριότητας, αυτό είναι το μόνο που ασχολείται τόσο με being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of το thisβιβλίο phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth την Aάμεση «εμπλοκή» του Ελληνικού Κράτους, όσο καιmajor την description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at theκρατική same while similar recorded in other GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major έμμεση, μέσω του ΕΣΟΑΒ και των ιδιωτικών επενδύσεων, αντίστοιχα. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several for its more Επί πλέον, είναι το πρώτο ερευνητικό έργο, scholars το οποίοand περιλαμβάνει Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its που more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the τόσο θεωρητικές, όσο και εμπειρικές προσεγγίσεις, και το πρώτο comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: παρουσιάζει ofμια αξιολόγηση, και όχι απλή καταγραφή της interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups δραστηριότητας του ΕΣΟΑΒ. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Η επιχειρηματολογία ρέει από το γενικότερο προς το ειδικότερο, and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the και 1.χωρίζεται σεdistributed πέντε θεματικές ενότητες, αρχίζοντας μεbetter τονin termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for was born sense ofThe safety the residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her θέματος first studies. και In 1932της she published an important study entitled: προσδιορισμό του ερευνητικής διαδικασίας, services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for περνώντας συνέχεια στην ανάλυση του πριν lower living costστην of, in “withdrawal” from private car access to markets, etc. studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and Neweasier York she cameπλαισίου, back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. 1950 sheto became teacher in the εντρυφήσει στο κυρίως θέμα,the έτσι ώστεIn να μην διακόπτεται η to another approach, phenomenon is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying επιχειρηματολογία. Παράλληλα, η διάταξη του βιβλίου επιτρέπει στον her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: αναγνώστη τον εύκολο εντοπισμό των2009. θεμάτων τουof ενδιαφέροντός Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aτου, variety ways, in order toΚεφαλαίου achieve theξεχωριστά, “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually και ηofαυτοτέλεια κάθε επιτρέπει ακόμη και 252119 11
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect την αποσπασματική ανάγνωση. Ακόμη,Student ο λεπτομερής of the School of Architecture πίνακας περιεχομένων επιτρέπει τον γρήγορο εντοπισμό Technical University of Crete
σημείων του βιβλίου, απ’ όπου ο αναγνώστης μπορεί να 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ερωτήσεις. αντλήσει στοιχεία για πιθανές συγκεκριμένες 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, Το έργο διακρίνεται για την πρωτοτυπία του ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the θέματος, το μεγάλο εύρος της επιμέρους θεματολογίας, among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. την καινοτόμα αναλυτική προσέγγιση, την the εύστοχη acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term συνθετική θεώρηση, και τον πλούτο των στοιχείων. 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Εν κατακλείδι, το εν λόγω έργο, εκτός της gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various σημαντικής επιστημονικής συμβολής του στην εν γένει Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually ofπολλαπλού low-income and thethis placement of artists, έρευνα συγχρόνων θεμάτων ενδιαφέροντος, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other results alsoένα rising of land prices (and theof συνιστά, πέρανconsequences των άλλων,has, αφ΄εαυτού πολύτιμο whatever other consequences results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). εργαλείο, για όλους εκείνους,has, οι οποίοι αντιμετωπίζουν potential relative speculation). The term gentrification at first in the UKευρωπαϊκού in early 1960s and it refers to συναφή ζητήματα εντόςis found εθνικού, διεθνούς, The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor και περιβάλλοντος. theπαγκοσμίου then observed trend wealthyΑποτελεί people toκαι buyπολύτιμο property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof εργαλείο για όλους εκείνους που ασχολούνται με συναφή London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ζητήματα, καθότι είναι γραμμένο εύγλωττα, being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the workέχει of Sociologist Ruth συνεκτική δομή και γραφήματα, ώστε A description of thisπεριέχει phenomenon is situations includedέτσι inwere the workνα of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major είναι κατανοητό γιαby ένα ευρύ κοινό Κρατικών cities in Western countries, other Researchers. cities in Western countries, byΣυμβούλων other Researchers. Since then,Στελεχών the issue και has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Λειτουργών, Επιχειρήσεων.
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Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Καθηγητής Κωνσταντίνος ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theΚέντρου phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new Πρόεδρος του Επιμόρφωσης, Μελετών, Έρευνας of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money και Ανάπτυξης, and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Ομότιμος Καθηγητής του Ruth Παντείου Πανεπιστημίου termat comes from Sociologist GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In Πολιτικών 1932 she published an important study entitled: Κοινωνικών και Επιστημών, services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Σπουδών Πανεπ. Αθηνών lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva,Προγρ. Prague, London and car New York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the Πρόεδρος της Σχολής Νομικών to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying και Κοινωνικών Επιστημών her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially ofΚύπρου, part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: του Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, order to Bruxelles, achieve theEx. “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Ex.in Ch. L.U.L., Int. I.I.A.P., Paris
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Ελένη Καββαδία GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Το Ειδικό Καθεστώς Οικονομικών Δραστηριοτήτων του Ελληνικού Κράτους και ΕλλήνωνConcerns Υπηκόων σε Χώρες των Βαλκανίων: Θεωρητικές Προσεγγίσεις και Εμπειρικοί Προσανατολισμοί
By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, ΠΡΟΛΟΓΟΣ By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete Του κ. Πλούταρχου ΣΑΚΕΛΛΑΡΗ,
Καθηγητού στο Τμήμα Οικονομικής Επιστήμης, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Της Σχολής Οικονομικών Επιστημών του Οικονομικού 1. Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Επιτίμου Αντιπροέδρου της Ευρωπαϊκής Τράπεζας Επενδύσεων among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Ένα από τα αποτελέσματα της κρίσης που μαστίζει την ελληνική Sociology asκαι well), as the “refining” of a city area, from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement there artists, οικονομία κοινωνία την τελευταία δεκαετία είναι η of έντονη ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries,εκτός restaurants, Howeverμας. this “change”, regardless of αναζήτηση ευκαιριών των etc. συνόρων Ο επιχειρηματικός the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof κόσμος αναζητεί νέους εξαγωγικούς ενώprices στελέχη whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, resultsπροορισμούς, also rising of land (andμε the potential relative υψηλό ανθρώπινο κεφάλαιο αναζητούν εργασία στο εξωτερικό. Είναι potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to εύκολο, αλλά καθόλου να αγνοήσουμε ότι έχει The term gentrification iswealthy found at first in the UK in earlyεξωστρέφεια 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend ofσωστό, people to buy property in poor ofto the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas επιδείξει η ελληνική οικονομική κοινότητα καιthusπροηγουμένως. London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and thus old residents Χαρακτηριστικό παράδειγμα ήτανsometimes η εικοσαετία 1990-2010 και are η being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work Sociologist Ruth συμμετοχή μας στην οικονομική ανάπτυξη των ofΒαλκανίων. Ο A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major γεωπολιτικός σεισμός που επέφερε η διάλυση της Σοβιετική Ένωσης GLASS at the same period, while situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, othersimilar Researchers. οδήγησε τις χώρες τωνby Βαλκανίων σε μετάβαση σε οικονομία αγοράς cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. then, the συγκεκριμένες issue has preoccupied several scholars and forέσπευσε its more καιSince δημιούργησε ανάγκες. Η ελληνική κοινωνία Since then, the issue has several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from να ανταποκριθεί σε αυτές τις ανάγκες και να εκμεταλλευθεί τις comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: ευκαιρίες που δημιουργήθηκαν. Η ελληνική κυβέρνηση προχώρησε σε interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups επίσημη βοήθεια του Ελληνικού Σχεδίου to “return” toαναπτυξιακή the city, leaving the purlieus μέσω for several reasons: high costs in money Οικονομικής Ανασυγκρότησης των Βαλκανίων (ΕΣΟΑΒ). δε and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lackΟof the 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born sense of safety at theτομέας distributed residenciesσε outside townξένες centres, search for better επιχειρηματικός προχώρησε άμεσες επενδύσεις στιςin Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) γειτονικές χώρες.education, Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and Neweasier York she came back to αναδρομή London, Το βιβλίο της Ελένης Καββαδία παραθέτει μια κριτική in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and στην Ελληνική οικονομική συνεργασία με χώρες της Βαλκανικής κατά University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. την εικοσαετία 1990-2010. Προσεγγίζει το θέμα ολιστικά, εξετάζοντας and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: τόσο την επίσημη αναπτυξιακή βοήθεια μέσω του ΕΣΟΑΒ, όσο και τις G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns Ελληνικές άμεσες ξένες επενδύσεις σε επτά χώρες της
Νοτιοανατολικής Ευρώπης, και συγκεκριμένα Αλβανία, By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS Βοσνία & Ερζεγοβίνη, Βουλγαρία, Κροατία, C. ΠΓΔΜ, Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Ρουμανία και Σερβία. Από αυτές, εν τω μεταξύ μόνο δύο By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect είναι ήδη μέλη της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, ενώ οι Student of the School of Architecture υπόλοιπες πέντε φιλοδοξούν να ενταχθούν ως τοTechnical 2025. University of Crete Η Συγγραφέας του βιβλίου κρίνει γενικά ως θετικά Introductory approach: Defining the concept τα 1. αποτελέσματα αυτής της ελληνικής «απόβασης» στα 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek Βαλκάνια, αναγνωρίζοντας όμωςphilosopher, τις θεσμικές και ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: among other wise αδυναμίες heritage he left us, he established a great the στρατηγικές που μείωσαν(444 την 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. αποτελεσματικότητα τους εγχειρήματος. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Σήμερα τα Βαλκάνια γίνονται και αντικείμενο 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated aπάλι first, if notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 διεθνούς ενδιαφέροντος καθώς οι χώρες της περιοχής gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various που δεν είναι ήδη μέλη των Ευρω-Ατλαντικών δομών Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andαποτέλεσμα, thethis placement of artists, δρομολογούν ενταξιακή τους πορεία. Ως the operation ofτην art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless otherεπανεξετάζει consequences has, also rising land prices (and theof ηwhatever Ελλάδα την results πολιτική της of στην whatever otherspeculation). consequences has,οι results also risingσχέσεις of land prices (and the potential relative Νοτιοανατολική Ευρώπη, όπου οικονομικές potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the in early 1960s διαδραματίζουν πρωταγωνιστικό ρόλο. ΗUK ανάλυση την and it refers to The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor οποία παρουσιάζει το βιβλίο αυτό, μπορεί χρησιμεύσει the then observed trend wealthy people να to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof ως βάση για μελλοντικές στην περιοχή, τόσο London, upgrade them, stayδράσεις themselves sometimes there andτου thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Ελληνικού Κράτους, και Ελλήνων επενδυτών. Παρά being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of thisόσο phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth την οικονομική κρίση, ηwhile Ελληνική παραμένει A description ofperiod, this phenomenon isοικονομία included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same similar situations in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major συγκριτικά ισχυρή, μεby ακαθάριστο εγχώριο προϊόν cities in Western countries, other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then,από the issue has several scholars and for its more μεγαλύτερο το συνολικό όλων των υπό ένταξη Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from χωρών, ενώ παράλληλα, οι ξένες αγορές αποτελούνandthe comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, following: διέξοδο για τιςofΕλληνικές επιχειρήσεις, υπό τις the τρέχουσες interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, aεγχώρια trend of aαγορά. new of social groups συνθήκες υποτονικής ζήτησης στην to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Η Συγγραφέας Ελένη Καββαδία έχει πολυδιάστατες and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the ακαδημαϊκές σπουδές. Επιπλέον η GLASS, επαγγελματική τηςsearch termat comes from Sociologist Ruth 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where sheμε madeτην her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: ενασχόληση Νοτιοανατολική Ευρώπη, ως services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Ανώτερο Στέλεχος Ευρωπαϊκής lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva,της Prague, London and car Neweasier YorkΤράπεζας she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the Επενδύσεων, κατά το μεγαλύτερο μέρος της υπό to another approach, the phenomenon isεξέταση due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying περιόδου, της επιτρέπει να έχει επιτόπια γνώση και her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: προσωπική εμπειρία στοfor θέμα. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually
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