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Post ‘’BREXIT - ΣΧΕΔΙΟ’’: ‘’IN’’, Πόσο ‘’OUT’’?1 GENTRIFICATION Definition, TypesΠόσο of Intervention,
Η μακροχρόνια και πολύπλοκη διαδικασία αποχωρήσεως του Ηνωμὲνου Βασιλεὶου από την Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση2 (The long and complex process of the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the European Union)
Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns
By Mr.Του George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS κ. Θεοδώρ. Α. ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΥ Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Διδάκτ. Οικονομ. και Κοινων. Επιστημ. Πανεπιστημίου Αμβούργου By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Πτυχ. Οικ. Επιστ. Ε.Κ.Π.Α., Student of the School of Architecture Επισκ. Καθηγητού Ευρωπαϊκής Ολοκληρώσεως Παν/μίου Βόννης, Technical University of Crete
π. Στελέχους της Ε.Ε.
1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the Abstract: among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Posttherefore, "BREXIT-PLAN": How much "OUT"? acquisition of knowledge starts withmuch theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, on this “principle” a"IN", first, how if of not final, approach, the term 1 On 29 March 2017, the majority Government the UK Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of of Planning) (or gentrification 1 gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom area of the Planning) (or (Conservative, PM Theresa May) theremoval Article 50 of Sociology as well), as the “refining” of atriggered cityisarea, the this, (inLisbon various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Treaty to withdraw from the EU. After an appropriate response to this ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of from social groups, usually of low-income thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of request the European Council, a and negotiation period started the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever results rising of landMid. prices (and theof between other EU27consequences and the UK. has, At the end also of this period, November whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential 2018, a relative BREXIT draft agreement was proposed from the EU 27 (Chief potential relative speculation). The term gentrification found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Coordinator Michel isBARNIER) another Government The term gentrification found atpeople firstto in the UK in earlyUK 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor (Conservative supported by the DUP party of Northern PM the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property inIreland, poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof Theresa May).“squeezed”. This describes the process and London, upgrade them,article stay themselves sometimes there and thusdevelopments old residents are being indirectly being indirectly “squeezed”. during this period and looks at a is “new co-operation A description of this phenomenon included in the workpartnership” of SociologistpostRuth A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth BREXITatasthe this was the main the UK Government following the GLASS same period, whiletarget similarofsituations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western by other Researchers. Referendum ofcountries, June 2016. cities Western countries, other Researchers. Since then, the issue preoccupied scholars itsstatus more Itinseems that afterhas aby period of moreseveral than two years and the for final Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from ofcomprehensive the relations EU-UK beyond 29/3/2019 is notbelow, clear from neither the approach are being summarized thefor various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: UK Government, the norphenomenon for the lawmakers of the House of Commons while interpretations thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups people initiatives and media advocate for ex macina alternatives like “a to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin,1.where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Προδημοσίευση εκ του τεύχους 93/2018 της ΕΠΤΑΠΑ, Epitheorisiservices of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for athanasopoulos.webnode.gr lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, 2. she Βλ. published επὶσης σχετικό άρθρο τουthe Ιδίου στο τεύχος 90/2017 της Αποκ. Τοπ. in According 1943 studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, is due a Επιθ. systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public and Αυτ. και Περιφ. Αναπτ.: Θ.Α.ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΥ: "ΕΕ: ανακάμπτοντας από την οικονομική κρίση long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying herηwork are characterized by aBREXIT" passion Epitheorisi-athanasopoulos.webnode.gr for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. και αντίστροφη μέτρηση του and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 2521 911
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns
new referendum”, extention of art 50 (!) or Brexit with “no-deal”. The result sofar is a rise of economic uncertainty about the future. Η πρόταση/σχὲδιο συμφωνίας (draft Withdrawal Agreement η BREXIT deal), για την οριστική αποχώρηση του Ηνωμένου Βασιλείου (ΗΒ) από την Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση (ΕΕ 28), ανακοινώθηκε επίσημα στις 14 Νοεμβρίου 2018, από τον ‘’Επικεφαλής Διαπραγματευτή’’ Michel By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS BARNIER, εκ μέρους των 27 υπολοίπων Κρατών Μελών βάσει του Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, άρθρου 50 της Συνθήκης της Λισαβόνας, όπου ορίζεται η διαδικασία By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect για την αποχώρηση κράτους μέλους από την Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση, Student of the School of Architecture εφόσον το επιθυμεί. Το άρθρο ενεργοποιήθηκε για πρώτηUniversity φορά στις 29 Technical of Crete Μαρτίου 2017 από το ΗΒ, ως αποτέλεσμα του «οριακού» (51,9% πρὸς 1. Introductory approach: the concept 2016.(2) 48,1) δημοψηφίσματος τηςDefining 23ης Ιουνίου 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, Greek philosopher, Το κείμενο the τηςancient πρότασης ήταν αποτέλεσμα προηγούμενων ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the συζητήσεων, επαφών και διαπραγματεύσεων, σε ‘’αχαρτογράφητα among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ύδατα’’, εφόσον δεν starts υπήρξε στην Ιστορία της ΕΕ. acquisition of knowledge withπροηγούμενο theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Ουδέποτε δηλαδή είχε συζητηθεί, μεisinβάση τιςif Συνθήκες, η δυνατότητα 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) indicated (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 αποχωρήσεως από μια εθελούσια ένωση κρατών, η οποία gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, ofδιευρύνετο Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various συνεχώς. Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, Τοof σχέδιο αυτό (BREXIT deal) ένα ενιαίο κείμενο the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.περιελάβανε However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other3consequences rising of land (and theof 585 σελίδων, πρωτόκολλαhas, και results πολλά also παραρτήματα. Ταprices πρωτόκολλα whatever other consequences has, results also«διευθετήσεως rising of land prices (and the potential relative αφορούν στις speculation). ιδιαίτερες περιπτώσεις συνόρων», potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK early 1960s andΒασιλείου it refers to δηλαδή μεταξύ Δημοκρατίας της Ιρλανδίας καιinΒ. Ιρλανδίας, The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor της και Γιβραλτάρ και τέλος, τηςinΚύπρου καιof the Ισπανίας then observed trend wealthy peopleΔημοκρατίας to there buy property poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are Ηνωμένου Βασιλείου. Βάσεις Δεκέλειας Αγίου London, upgrade them, stay(Στρατιωτικές themselves sometimes there and thus oldκαι residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Ευστρατίου). being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth τέλος, παραρτήματα μια πρώτη προσέγγιση για τις A Υπάρχει, description ofperiod, thisστα phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major μελλοντικές σχέσεις τουbyΗΒ με την ΕΕ μετὰ την «οριστική αποχώρηση» cities in Western countries, other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue several scholars and for σχεδίου its more του ΗΒ, γεγονός, πουhas προβλέπεται βάσει του υπάρχοντος Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various (BREXIT deal) πέραν του 2021. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of thedeal phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Το BREXIT υιοθετήθηκε από το Υπουργικό Συμβούλιο του interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: a sense, phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trendπαραιτήσεων. of a new social groups ΗΒ,Inεν μέσωthe διαφωνιών καιisΥπουργικών Ενofσυνεχεία και to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money εν μέσω αμφίπλευρου κλίματος δυσπιστίας, (ο Πρωθυπουργός του and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Βασιλείου Ισπανίας εκφράζει ήδη επιφυλάξεις τηνin 1.of The termτης from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASSγια wasbetter born sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she του made βρετανικού her first studies.Γιβραλτάρ In 1932 she published an important study entitled: «διευθέτηση» επι ισπανικού εδάφους), ο services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Πρόεδρος τουof,Ευρωπαϊκού Συμβουλίου Donald Tusk κάλεσε lower living cost “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car New(ΕΣ) York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher the έκτακτη συνάντηση κορυφής της ΕΕ 27 μe την του in ΗΒ to another approach, the phenomenon isΠρωθυπουργό due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Theresa May, στις Βρυξέλλες, την 25 Νοεμβρίου 2018, προκειμένου το her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually
10
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns
ΕΣ των 27 Κρατών Μελών να αποφασίσει επί του τελικού πλέον ‘’BREXIT deal’’3. Σκοπός του άρθρου αυτού, είναι να περιγράψει και, κατά το δυνατόν, να αναλύσει, τις τάσεις σε πολιτικό και οικονομικό επίπεδο, που συνόδευσαν και συνοδεύουν την πολύπλοκη και χρονοβόρα αυτή πρωτόγνωρη διαδικασία για τα Ευρωπαϊκά Όργανα και τους Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS Ευρωπαίους. Τέλος, αποσκοπείBy στο να δείξειC. τις διαφαινόμενες Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, μελλοντικές σχέσεις και πολλαπλές επιπτώσεις της αποχωρήσεως του By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect ΗΒ από την ΕΕ. Student of the School of Architecture Υπενθυμίζεται, ότι το Συμβούλιο της ΕΕ 27 είχε εγκαίρως Technical Universityορίσει of Crete τον κ. MICHEL BARNIER ως «επίσημο διαπραγματευτή» υπό την 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Task Force Art.50, που ιδιότητα του επικεφαλής της Υπηρεσίας 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, δημιούργησε η Ευρωπαϊκή Επιτροπή. Ανάλογο ρόλο εκ μέρους του ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Ευρωπαϊκού Κοινοβουλίου ανέλαβε ο Πρόεδρος των Φιλελευθέρων among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. (ALDE) κ. GUY VERHOFSTADT. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Μετάtherefore, επίσημη κατάθεσηisinindicated της 29/3/2017 εκof μέρους 1την Based, on this “principle” a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the της term (and urban gentrification) area Planning) (or gentrification 4, της πρόθεσης για αποχώρησή του από την ΕΕ οι 1 Κυβερνήσεως του ΗΒ gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various πολιτικές διαδικασίες ήταν σαφείς σε γενικό πλαίσιο βάσει των Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, «κατευθύνσεων του Ευρωπαϊκού Συμβουλίου». Τα δύο Μέρη έπρεπε να the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, resultsτους» also rising land29/3/2019 prices (and και theof ολοκληρώσουν την «διαπραγμάτευσή μέχριofτην whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative να επιτύχουν: potential relative speculation). Theα) term gentrification is found at first in the UK and itΒόρειας refers to Μια Συμφωνία Αποχωρήσεως τουin early ΗΒ 1960s και της The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Ιρλανδίας από την trend ΕΕ (συντεταγμένη αποχώρηση) και την the then observed wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in Ευρωπαϊκή poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof Κοινότητα Ατομικής και sometimes there and thus old residents are London, upgrade them,Ενέργειας, stay themselves being indirectly “squeezed”. β) Το πλαίσιο μελλοντικής Συμφωνίας γιαofμια «βαθύτερη being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this μιας phenomenon is included in the work Sociologist Ruth σχέση συνεργασίας» δύο Μερών δηλαδή, τηςofΕΕ ΗΒ. A description ofperiod, thisμεταξύ phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same whileτων similar inκαι other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major ότι Researchers. το κλίμα, που επικράτησε στο ΗΒ ήταν cities inΧαρακτηριστικό Western countries,είναι, by other cities in Western countries, byispreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and forεπίπεδο. its more το σχεδόν δόγμα ‘’Brexit Brexit’’, τουλάχιστον σε πολιτικό Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Ταυτόχρονα η εντύπωση που εδίδετο στο Βρετανικό Κοινοβούλιο comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, the following: (House of Commons) ήταν of ότι τις διαπραγματεύσεις θα τις interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, theof dueof to a trend of a new groups «υπαγόρευε» ηphenomenon Επιστολή isτης Πρωθυπουργού T. Mayof social και όχι οι to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 3 Βλ.Press statement Michel Barnier 50), Brussels Ruth 19 November 2018 και in termat comes fromby Sociologist Ruth (Article GLASS, 1912-1940. GLASS for was born sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search better the_withdrawal_agreement https://ec.europa.eu/commission/sites/beta-political/files/ Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for _explained.pdf lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where 4 studies and research Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Προηγήθηκε in τηςGeneva, κατάθεσης η παραίτηση του Sir Ivan Roger, έμπειρου Βρετανού in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Διπλωμάτη, επικεφαλής τηςby Μόνιμης Αντιπροσωπείας του Ηνωμένου Βασιλείου και University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public and long-term effort organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Βόρειας Ιρλανδίας στις Βρυξέλλες. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually
252111 11
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns
κατευθύνσεις του Ευρωπαϊκού Συμβουλίου των 27, όπως αυτές ανακοινώθηκαν εγκαίρως, τον Απρίλιο του 2017. Η Κυβέρνηση του ΗΒ δημιούργησε και όρισε περαιτέρω έναν State Secretary for the Exit from the EU, επίσημο εκπρόσωπό της για τις διαπραγματεύσεις με την ΕΕ των 27, ο οποίος αντεκατεστὰθη τρείς φορές (!) έως σήμερα. (David Davis from 13/7/17 to 8/7/18, Dominique Raab from 9/7/18 to By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS 15/11/18, Stephen Barcklay from 16/11/18 in C. function). Πρέπει να Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, σημειωθεί εδώ η αδυναμία επίσης του Συντηρητικού Κόμματος να By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect συγχρονίσει τα μέλη του με την κυβερνητική στρατηγική, λόγω κυρίως Student of the School of Architecture των εμποδίων και συνεχών αντιρρήσεων ακόμαTechnical και διενέξεων μεταξύ University of Crete μελών της Κυβερνήσεως, της ισχυρής κομματικής ομάδας ERG 1. Introductory approach: Defining concept (European Research Group) καιtheτου κυβερνητικού εταίρου DUP 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the Party) ancient της Greek philosopher, (Democratic Unionist Β. Ιρλανδίας. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage left us, he established a great the Το κύριο σημείο τηςhe διαφωνίας ήταν, μεταξύ άλλων, η συνοριακή among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. διευθέτηση την Ιρλανδία μετὰ οριστική αποχώρηση του ΗΒ acquisition ofμε knowledge starts with theinτην definition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term προκειμένου ναurban εξασφαλισθεί λειτουργία 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle”ηis inindicated aαπρόσκοπτη first, if (in notthe final, approach, the της term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 εσωτερικής αγοράς μεταξύ των 27 Κρατών της ΕΕ. gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Σε επίσημη ανακοίνωση η Ευρωπαϊκή Επιτροπή με τίτλο: Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, Προετοιμασία για τηνusually αποχώρηση τουHowever Ηνωμένου Βασιλείου από την the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences results2019: also rising of land pricesέκτακτης (and theof Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση στις 30 has, Μαρτίου σχέδιο δράσης whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative ανάγκης, (COM 2018/880 final) διαπὶστωνε: potential relative speculation). The«Από term gentrification in theκαι UK in 1960s and it refers to τον Μάιοis found 2017,at first η ΕΕ τοearly Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor διαπραγματεύονται μια συμφωνία αποχώρησης. Πρόοδοςinεπιτεύχθηκε the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof σε επίπεδο διαπραγματευτών όσονsometimes αφορά στο νομικό κείμενο, καθώς London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. και σχετικά με τις ρυθμίσεις για τη μεταβατική περίοδο μέχρι την 31 being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Δεκεμβρίου 2020, και τα αποτελέσματα ανακοινώθηκαν τηνmajor 19 A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other 5 GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Μαρτίου 2018 countries, . Την 19by Ιουνίου 2018, αναφέρθηκε περαιτέρω πρόοδος cities in Western other Researchers. cities in Western countries, byδιαπραγματευτών other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied severalτης scholars and for και its more σε κοινή δήλωση των Επιτροπής του Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more 5 comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Ηνωμένου Βασιλείου . comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: social groups In aΤην sense, phenomenon is dueof togentrification, aΕυρωπαϊκό trend of a new 17theΟκτωβρίου 2018, το Συμβούλιοof (άρθρο 50) to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money κάλεσε την Επιτροπή ως διαπραγματευτή της Ένωσης, να συνεχίσει τις and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the προσπάθειές τηςdistributed γιαSociologist την επίτευξη συμφωνίας βάση τιςin 1.of The termat comes from Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruthμε GLASS wasbetter born sense safety the residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin, where she made her firstτου studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: κατευθυντήριες γραμμές Ευρωπαϊκού Συμβουλίου, που έχουν ήδη services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for συμφωνηθεί. Οιin εν λόγω διαπραγματεύσεις συνεχίζονται και η lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she ως published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. 1950 sheto became teacher in the Επιτροπή της ΈνωσηςInπαραμένει toδιαπραγματευτής another approach, the is due aπροσηλωμένη systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying στην επίτευξη συμφωνίας για μια εύτακτη αποχώρηση. Παρά το her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 5
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns
γεγονός, ότι έχει επιτευχθεί πρόοδος σε πολλούς τομείς, και παρά τις σημαντικές προσπάθειες και τις εντατικές διαπραγματεύσεις, παραμένουν ορισμένα σημεία διαφωνίας. Επιπλέον, η επίτευξη συμφωνίας με την Κυβέρνηση του Ηνωμένου Βασιλείου δεν αποτελεί εγγύηση ότι το Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο θα επικυρώσει τη συμφωνία αποχώρησης μέχρι την 29 Μαρτίου 2019. By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS Η Ευρωπαϊκή Επιτροπή αποφάσισε, τέλος, C. την 18/2/20196 «να Harvard University, Graduate of Design, της Student, εντείνει τις δραστηριότητες ενημέρωσης των School επιχειρήσεων ΕΕ By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect στον τομέα των τελωνείων και της έμμεσης φορολογίας, όπως ο ΦΠΑ, Student of the School of Architecture λόγω του διαφαινόμενου κινδύνου να αποχωρήσει το Ηνωμένο Technical University of Crete Βασίλειο από την ΕΕ την 30 Μαρτίου του τρέχοντος έτους χωρίς 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept συμφωνία». 1. Introductory approach: Definingphilosopher, the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Η εκστρατεία αυτή Greek θα συμβάλει στην ενημέρωση των ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the επιχειρήσεων που επιθυμούν να συνεχίσουν τις εμπορικές τους among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. συναλλαγές το Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο μετά την 30 Μαρτίου, σχετικά με acquisition ofμε knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term το τι πρέπει να κάνουν για να εξασφαλίσουν μιαthe όσο τοofδυνατόν 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the πιο term urban gentrification) is area Planning) (or gentrification 1 ομαλή μετάβαση. Η προετοιμασία ενόψει της αλλαγής του καθεστώτος gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various του Ηνωμένου Βασιλείου σε τρίτη χώρα πρέπει να συνεχισθεί. Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and να thethis placement of artists, Στόχος πρωτοβουλίας αυτής είναι ευαισθητοποιήσει την the operation ofτης art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, ΕΕ, results rising land prices theof επιχειρηματική κοινότητα της καιalso ιδίως τιςofμικρές και (and μεσαίες whatever other consequences has, resultsγια alsoένα rising of land«αποχώρησης prices (and the potential relative speculation). επιχειρήσεις. Για να προετοιμαστούν σενάριο potential relative speculation). The συμφωνία» term gentrification found at first in UK in early 1960s and it refersμε to χωρίς και ναis συνεχίσουν τιςthe εμπορικές τους συναλλαγές The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor το Βασίλειο, οι εν λόγω θαin poor πρέπει να the Ηνωμένο then observed trend wealthy peopleεπιχειρήσεις to there buy property areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof προετοιμαστούν κατάλληλα για οποιαδήποτε κατάσταση προκύψει London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. μετά τις 29 Μαρτίου 2019. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ανακοίνωση AΌπως description ofperiod, this phenomenon isπρώτη included inwere the recorded work ofτης Sociologist Ruth GLASS at theυπογραμμίστηκε same while στην similar situations in Επιτροπής other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major της 19ης Ιουλίου 2018byσχετικά με την προετοιμασία για το Brexit, cities in Western countries, other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then,από the issue has severalη scholars its more ανεξάρτητα το προβλεπόμενο σενάριο, επιλογή and τουfor Ηνωμένου Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Βασιλείου να αποχωρήσει από την Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση θα προκαλέσει comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: σημαντικές αναταράξεις. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In aΤα sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trendκαι of aοι new of social groups ενδιαφερόμενα Μέρη, καθώς εθνικές και ενωσιακές to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Αρχές, πρέπει να προετοιμαστούν για δύο πιθανά βασικά σενάρια: and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the The Αν η συμφωνία κυρωθεί πρινcentres, από την 30 Μαρτίου term from αποχώρησης Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense1.of safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town search for Berlin, where she made her ΕΕ first θα studies. In 1932 sheισχύει published anπρος important study entitled: 2019, το Δίκαιο της παύσει να ως το Ηνωμένο services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Βασίλειο αυτούPrague, από την 1ηandΙανουαρίου 2021, δηλαδή μετά lower living costεντός of, in “withdrawal” from private car access to markets, etc. studies andκαι research Geneva, London Neweasier York she came back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 she teacher in the από μεταβατική περίοδο 21 μηνών· Η συμφωνία αποχώρησης to another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns
περιλαμβάνει τη δυνατότητα μιας μόνο παράτασης της μεταβατικής περιόδου το πολύ κατά ένα ή δύο έτη. Αν η συμφωνία αποχώρησης δεν κυρωθεί πριν από την 30 Μαρτίου 2019, δεν θα υπάρξει μεταβατική περίοδος και η νομοθεσία της ΕΕ θα παύσει να ισχύει ως προς το Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο και εντός αυτού από την 30 Μαρτίου 2019. Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Ύστερα από εκκλήσεις τουBy Ευρωπαϊκού Συμβουλίου (άρθρο 50) Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, του Νοεμβρίου και Δεκεμβρίου 2018 για την εντατικοποίηση των By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect εργασιών ετοιμότητας σε όλα τα επίπεδα, η Επιτροπή ενέκρινε, την 19 Student of the School of Architecture Δεκεμβρίου 2018, σχέδιο δράσης έκτακτης Technical ανάγκης University και διάφορα of Crete νομοθετικά μέτρα, μεταξύ άλλων και στον τομέα των τελωνείων. Τούτο 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept που δημοσιεύτηκαν τον έπεται των προηγούμενων ανακοινώσεων 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, Νοέμβριο και τον Ιούλιο 2018. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), amongΗother wise heritage he Μελών left us, he established a great the δράση των Κρατών είναι επίσης (444 ουσιαστικής σημασίας. among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Οι εθνικές αρχές διαδραματίζουν καίριο ρόλο στην παρακολούθηση και acquisition of knowledge starts with the the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term την Based, καθοδήγηση των προετοιμασιών Σ'area αυτή τη βάση, η 1 (and urban therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated aτου first,τομέα. if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Επιτροπή διεξήγαγε τεχνικές συζητήσεις με τα Κράτη Μέλη της ΕΕ των gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various 27, τόσο για γενικά θέματα ετοιμότητας όσο και για τομεακά, νομικά Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andξεκίνησαν thethis placement there of artists, και διοικητικά μέτρα ετοιμότητας. Επίσης, επισκέψεις στα the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has, resultsνα alsoδιασφαλιστεί, rising of land prices theof 27 Κράτηother Μέλη της ΕΕ προκειμένου ότι ο (and εθνικός whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land pricesκαι (andνα the potential relative speculation). σχεδιασμός έκτακτης ανάγκης βρίσκεται σε καλό δρόμο potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UKσχετικά in early 1960s it refers to διευκρινιστούν, εν ανάγκη, τυχόν ερωτήσεις με τηand διαδικασία The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor ετοιμότητάς τους. trend Φαίνεται, όμως people ότι σε πολλά Κράτη Μέλη όπως καιof the then observed wealthy to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are στο ΗΒ upgrade αυτού του η παρακολούθηση και είναι London, them,είδους stay themselves sometimes there andκαθοδήγηση thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ακόμη σε πολύ χαμηλό βαθμό ετοιμότητας λίγες μόνο ημέρες πριν από being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth την Aσυμπλήρωση τωνphenomenon δύο για την αποχώρηση ΗΒ όπως description ofperiod, this is included inwere the recorded work ofτου Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same whileετών similar situations in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major προβλέπεται. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Το άμεσο μέλλον προβλέπεται να επιφέρει σοβαρές εκπλήξεις Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for itsμὲσα more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the ιδίως στις συνεδριάσεις του Βρετανικού κοινοβουλίου σταvarious comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon following: Μαρτὶου 2019, γεγονός που of θαgentrification, επηρεάσει,the κατὰ την αποψὴ μου, interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new social groups περαιτέρω δυσμενώς τις οικονομικές εξελίξεις. «Οι καιροίofου μενετοὶ» to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money για την λὺση του αδιεξόδου και της πρωτόγνωρης δοκιμασίας που and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the υφίσταται ήδη ευρωπαϊκή ολοκλήρωση, ως centres, αποτέλεσμα κυρὶως 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for was born in sense safety atcomes theηdistributed residencies outside town better Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: λαϊκιστικών ρητορικών ανεύθυνων πολιτικών… services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for
lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the Συνεχίζεται… to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually
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