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Η έννοια του μικρεμπόρου υπαγωγής GENTRIFICATION Definition, Typesωςofπροϋπόθεση Intervention, στο Νόμο για τα Υπερχρεωμένα Φυσικά Πρόσωπα Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification (Ν. 3869/2010)
Concerns
Της κυρίας Ιωάν. ΕΦΡΑΙΜΙΔΟΥ Ειρηνοδίκη,ByΜΔΕ Ποινικού Δικαίου Αριστοτελείου Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Πανεπιστημίου Θεσσαλονίκης Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,
By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete
Ι. ΕΙΣΑΓΩΓΙΚΑ Ο Ν. 3869/20101 εισήγαγε για πρώτη φορά στο νομοθετικό μας 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept γίγνεσθαι την πτώχευση των ιδιωτών, ήτοι τη δυνατότητα των μη 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, εμπόρων φυσικώνthe προσώπων να απαλλάσσονται από- 370 τα BC, χρέηAthens), τους2. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among otherηwise heritageτων he left us, he established great “principle”: the Αντιθέτως, πτώχευση εμπόρων (φυσικών ήa νομικών προσώπων) among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. ρυθμιζόταν ήδη από πολύ νωρίς βάσει της προβλεπόμενης διαδικασίας acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term του πτωχευτικού δικαίου, λόγω του ότι η αφερεγγυότητα ενός εμπόρου 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification κρίθηκε ότι εγκυμονεί συνήθως περισσότερους κινδύνους και αρνητικές 1 (and urban gentrification gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various επιπτώσεις στη συναλλακτική ζωή σε σύγκριση με τηνfrom αφερεγγυότητα Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ενός μηof εμπόρου. ways), social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless Αν ανατρέξουμε στο απώτατο παρελθόν θα διαπιστώσουμε ότιthe οof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the θεσμός της σεισάχθειας που καθιέρωσε ο νομοθέτης Σόλων στην Αρχαία potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). Αθήνα ήταν κατά κάποιον τρόπο του Ν. The term gentrification is found at firstένας in the μακρινός UK in earlyπρόδρομος 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification iswealthy foundαποσκοπούσε atpeople first in the UK early 1960s andζωή itareas refers the then observed trend to buy property in poor ofto 3869/2010, καθώς και of αυτός ναin βελτιώσει τη των the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and old residents areof πολιτών που λόγω τωνof χρεών τους κινδύνευαν ναthus χάσουν είτε την London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ελευθερία τους, είτε τη γη τους. Ο Σόλων αποφάσισε αφενός να being indirectly “squeezed”. A description this phenomenon is included the work of Sociologist καταργήσει τηνofεμπράγματη ασφάλεια τουinανθρώπινου σώματοςRuth και A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major 3 . Μεσολάβησαν αρκετοί αφετέρου μεγάλο μέρος των χρεώνwere GLASS atνα theδιαγράψει same period, while similar situations recorded in other major cities in Western countries, byτο other Researchers. αιώνες για να επανέλθει ζήτημα της διευθέτησης των υπέρογκων μη cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more εμπορικών χρεών και να τονιστεί από several τους θεωρητικούς η ανάγκη Since then, the issue has scholars andthe for its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from various θέσπισης μια ειδικής διαδικασίας, η οποία ήδη υφίστατο στις διεθνείς και comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: 4. Η συζήτηση γύρω από το συγκεκριμένο θέμα ευρωπαϊκές έννομες τάξεις interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups έλαβε μεγάλες διαστάσεις όταν άρχισαν να διαφαίνονται ταinπρώτα to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin,1 ΦΕΚ where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Α 130/03-08-2010. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth2Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Βλ. ΑιτιολογΕκθ του Ν. 3869/2010, κεφ. I, σελ. lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car1. easier access to markets, etc. studies 3 and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where Γ., Άμυνα και ελευθέρωση του υπερχρεωμένου οφειλέτη, Η πορεία in According 1943Βλ. sheΜεντή published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public and προς μια νέα σεισάχθεια σταby όρια μεταξύ αστικού δικαίου και νέου πτωχευτικού δικαίου, long-term informal effort organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 2012, σελ.are 13-14. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 4 Βλ. έτσι σε Σπυράκο Δ., Ρύθμιση χρεών και πτωχευτική διαδικασία ιδιωτών, G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually
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