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Η ελευθερία έκφρασης GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, και πληροφόρησης των Πολιτών: Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Μύθοι και πραγματικότητες Concerns
Του κ. Αθαν. ΤΣΙΦΤΣΗ Φοιτητού Νομικής Σχολής Πανεπ. ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS
Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Τα Μέλη των σύγχρονων Πολιτικών Κοινωνικών Student ofκαι the School of Architecture Technical University δομών, ανεξαρτήτως μεγέθους, είτε δηλαδή πρόκειται περίof Crete
διεθνών, είτε περί εθνικών, είτεconcept περί τοπικών, λόγω της 1. Introductory approach: Defining the 1. φύσεως Introductory Defining the concept (444 των approach: δομών, έχουν προσπορισθεί εξ αυτών διάφορες ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), δυνατότητες, αλλά, εξ άλλης πλευράς, καλούνται ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC,να Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a great the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of theτων content of“principle”: concepts. αντιμετωπίσουν σειρά προβλημάτων, μεταξύ οποίων είναι acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term και εκείνα της ενδο-επικοινωνίας, της επικοινωνίας, με Μέλη 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term area of Planning) (or gentrification άλλων δομών, κ.ά. gentrification) 1 (and urban gentrification gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Η διαχείριση όμως των διαφόρων επιπέδων επικοινωνίας Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, είναι θέμα ρυθμιζόμενο υπό πολλών και ποικίλων ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless καθεστώτων, όπως π.χ.has, Διεθνών Οργανισμών και prices Διεθνών whatever other consequences results also rising of land (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Συμβάσεων, Διακηρύξεων, Κανονισμών, Οικονομικών και potential relative speculation). TheΠολιτικών term gentrification is found atΕθνικών first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Οντοτήτων, Ρυθμίσεων, Κωδίκων The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Δεοντολογίας κ.ά. of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of the then observed trend London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are Εξ όλων αυτών των ρυθμίσεων, το ενδιαφέρον του London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. παρόντος άρθρου εστιάζεται στις οικείες ρυθμίσεις του A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth AΧάρτου description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work Ένωσης. of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Θεμελιωδών Δικαιωμάτων της Ευρωπαϊκής GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western by other Researchers. Όπωςcountries, είναι γνωστόν, ο Χάρτης1 είναι προϊόν μακράς cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has scholars and forη its more σειράς διαβουλεύσεων Οργάνων τηςseveral Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, Since then, the issue has several scholars andthe forδε its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from various σχετική of απόφαση σύνταξής τουsummarized έχει ληφθεί την 4η Ιουνίου comprehensive approach are being from the various interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: διαρκουσών των εργασιών Διάσκεψης τουgroups In a1999, sense, the phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of aτης new of social Ευρωπαϊκού Συμβουλίου στην Κολωνία. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time toΤελικώς, travel fromτοtheκείμενο purlieus του to downtown, where work place Χάρτη έχει εγκριθεί υπόis, lack του of the The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, της του Κοινοβουλίου και Berlin,Συμβουλίου where she made herΕυρωπαϊκής first studies. In Ένωσης, 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly)for Youthτης Unemployment. The same she left Germany and afterεργασιών continuous movements Επιτροπής κατάyearτην διάρκεια των του lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came to back to London, Συμβουλίου στην Νίκαια, την 7η Δεκεμβρίου 2007, ενώ περί in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are 1 characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Βλ. Κωνστ. etc., ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ: Το Δίκαιο τηςofΕυρωπαϊκής Ένωσης. and selling real estate, for theCodepreciation initially part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Τόμ. Α΄. Αθήναι, 2010, σ. 142 επόμ. Εκδ. Κέντρου Επιμόρφωσης, Μελετών, G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually
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Έρευνας και Ανάπτυξης (Κ.Ε.Μ.Ε.Α.).
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns
των ρυθμίσεών του η Μεταρρυθμιστική Συνθήκη της 13ης Δεκεμβρίου 2007 απεφάνθη, ότι έχουν νομική δεσμευτική ισχύ. Ο Χάρτης περιλαμβάνει σε ενιαίο κείμενο σύνολο Πολιτικών, Κοινωνικών και Οικονομικών Δικαιωμάτων τόσο των Πολιτών των Κρατών - Μελών της Ένωσης, όσο και των By Mr. George-Sp.της. C. ATHANASOPOULOS διαμενόντων εντός της έκτασης δικαιοδοσίας Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Των ρυθμίσεων προηγείται Προοίμιο, όπου By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect διακηρύσσονται οι αξίες και οι Student αρχές of της και the Ένωσης School of Architecture Technical University of Crete ακολουθούν 54 άρθρα. Θέματαapproach: επικοινωνίας ενthe γένει, συναρτώμενα με την 1. Introductory Defining concept 1. ελευθερία Introductory the concept (444 BC τηςapproach: έκφρασης και τηςphilosopher, πληροφόρησης, προβλέπονται ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), στο άρθρο 11: among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the among other wiseπρόσωπο heritage left us,definition he established a great acquisition ofΚάθε knowledge startshe with the the content of“principle”: concepts. the 1. έχει δικαίωμα στηνofελευθερία έκφρασης. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content ofκαι concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Το δικαίωμα αυτό περιλαμβάνει την ελευθερία γνώμης την 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification ελευθερία λήψης ήgentrification) μετάδοσης πληροφοριών ή ιδεών, 1 (and gentrification urban indicated (in the areathis, ofχωρίς Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal from (in various την ανάμειξη Δημοσίων Αρχών και αδιακρίτως συνόρων. Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, 2. of Η art ελευθερία τωνofΜέσων Ενημέρωσης και of η artists, ways), of social groups, usually low-income and the placement the operation galleries, restaurants, etc.Μαζικής However this “change”,there regardless of 2 the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless πολυφωνία τους είναι σεβαστές . also rising of land prices (and theof whatever other consequences has, results whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor 2 the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof Βλ. αντίστοιχες ρυθμίσεις στο ισχύον Ελληνικό Σύνταγμα, άρθρο 14: London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. 1. Καθένας μπορεί να εκφράζει και να διαδίδει, προφορικώς, γραπτώς και being indirectly “squeezed”. διά του Τύπου του τηρώντας τουςinΝόμους του Κράτους. A description ofτους thisστοχασμούς phenomenon is included the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this included και inwere the work Sociologist Ruth 2. Οsame τύπος είναιphenomenon ελεύθερος. Η isλογοκρισία κάθε άλλοofπροληπτικό GLASS at the while similar situations recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major μέτρο απαγορεύονται…. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..………… cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more 7. Νόμος ορίζει τα σχετικά με τηνsummarized αστικήseveral και ποινική ευθύνη του the Τύπου Since then, the issue has scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being below, from και των άλλων approach Μέσων Ενημέρωσης…… comprehensive are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: 8. Νόμος ορίζει τις προϋποθέσεις και τα προσόντα για την άσκηση του interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Δημοσιογραφικού Επαγγέλματος. to “return”………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time toΠαρεμφερείς travel from the purlieus to downtown, work Σύνταγμα place is, lack ρυθμίσεις περιλαμβάνει καιwhere το ισχύον της of the The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Κυπριακής Δημοκρατίας, άρθρο 19: Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of 1. health, education, entertainment “at the heart ofκαιthe (possibly) Έκαστος έχει same το δικαίωμα τηςcity”, καθ΄οίον Youth Unemployment. The year she ελευθερίας left Germanyτου andλόγου after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where δήποτε τρόπον εκφράσεως. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, in According 1943 she2.published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 she teacher the Το τούτο περιλαμβάνει την ελευθερία της γνώμης, της in to δικαίωμα another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and University College London, where she continued socialάνευ research. Her public and λήψεως και ofμεταδόσεως πληροφοριών καιher ιδεών επεμβάσεως οίας long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. δήποτε Δημοσίας και ανεξαρτήτως συνόρων… and selling real estate,Αρχής etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Κατά την ενάσκηση αυτών των δικαιωμάτων προβλέπονται προϋποθέσεις G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually και περιορισμοί.
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Η σχετική ρύθμιση εμφανίζεται κατ΄αρχάς στην GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Οικουμενική Διακήρυξη του Ο.Η.Ε., άρθρο 19, της 10ης Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of έχει Gentrification Δεκεμβρίου 1948: παν άτομο δικαίωμα ελευθερίας γνώμης και εκφράσεως. Concerns Την ρύθμιση επανέλαβε η Ευρωπαϊκή Σύμβαση των
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Δικαιωμάτων του Ανθρώπου, άρθρο 19, Ρώμη, 1950, με την By Mr. George-Sp. προσθήκη, ότι τα Κράτη έχουν την ευχέρειαC. ναATHANASOPOULOS προβλέπουν Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, προηγούμενη άδεια γιαBy Mr.επιχειρήσεις Ραδιοφωνίας, George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Κινηματογράφου και Τηλεόρασης. Student of the School of Architecture Technical University Σημειώνεται, ότι το περιεχόμενο του ως άνω άρθρου 11of Crete του Χάρτη Θεμελιωδών Δικαιωμάτων της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. αντιστοιχεί Introductory στο approach: Defining the περιεχόμενο τουconcept αρχικού ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444άρθρου BC - 37010 BC,της Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), Ευρωπαϊκής Σύμβασης Δικαιωμάτων του Ανθρώπου, το οποίο among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the έχει ως εξής: acquisition knowledge starts with content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1.of Παν πρόσωπο έχειtheδικαίωμα ειςthe την ελευθερίαν 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification εκφράσεως. δικαίωμα τούτο περιλαμβάνει τηνarea ελευθερίαν 1 (andΤο gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (in the of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal from this, (in various γνώμης ως και την ελευθερίαν λήψεως ή μεταδόσεως Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, πληροφοριών ή ιδεών, άνευ επεμβάσεως αρχών και ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and δημοσίων thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless ασχέτως Το παρόν άρθρονalso δενrising κωλύει Κράτη whatever other συνόρων. consequences has, results of τα land pricesαπό (and theof whatever other consequences also rising ofραδιοφωνίας, land prices (and the potential τουrelative να speculation). υποβάλωσι has, ταςresults επιχειρήσεις potential relative speculation). Theκινηματογράφου term gentrificationήis τηλεοράσεως found at first in the in early 1960s and it refers to εις UK κανονισμούς εκδόσεως The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor αδειών λειτουργίας. the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof 2. Η“squeezed”. άσκησις των ελευθεριών τούτων, London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there συνεπαγομένων and thus old residents are being indirectly being indirectly “squeezed”. καθήκοντα ευθύνας, δύναται να υπαχθή ειςofωρισμένας A description of και this phenomenon is included in the work Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon is included in the work ofκυρώσεις, Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major διατυπώσεις, όρους, περιορισμούς ή GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries,υπό by other Researchers. προβλεπομένους του νόμου και αποτελούντας αναγκαία cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholarsασφάλειαν, and for its more μέτρα εν δημοκρατική κοινωνία διά την εθνικήν Since then, the issue has several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from την εδαφικήν ακεραιότητα ή δημοσίαν ασφάλειαν, την comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the gentrification, theεγκλήματος, following: τηςphenomenon τάξεως καιof τηνgroups In aπροάσπισιν sense, theof phenomenon is due toπρόληψιν a trend of aτου new category of social προστασίαν της υγείας ή της ηθικής, την προστασίαν to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costsτης in money and time to travel from theδικαιωμάτων purlieus to downtown, whereτην work place is, lack of the υπολήψεως ή των των τρίτων, παρεμπόδισιν The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, εμπιστευτικών πληροφοριών ή study την Berlin,της whereκοινολογήσεως she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youthδιασφάλισιν Unemployment.του The same year και she left and afterτης continuous κύρους τηνGermany αμεροληψία δικαστικής lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, εξουσίας. in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where continued her social research.προχώρησε Her public and Εξ άλλης πλευράς τοshe Συμβούλιο της Ευρώπης long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part the urban web, in στην κατάρτιση σειράς άλλων επίof συναφών 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. LondonΣυμβάσεων 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually θεμάτων, όπως εκείνες περίhttp://www.uncanny.net/ ανταλλαγής Προγραμμάτων και
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Ταινιών Τηλεόρασης, Παρίσι, Δεκεμβρίου 1958, περί By Mr.15 George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect προστασίας του περιεχομένου Student εκπομπών Τηλεόρασης, of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete Στρασβούργο, 26 Ιουνίου 1960 κ.ά.
Σε σχέση με τηνDefining αναφορά άρθρου 11 περί Μέσων 1. Introductory approach: theτου concept 1. Μαζικής Introductory approach: Defining the concept Ενημέρωσης παρατηρούνται τα εξής: ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), Τα κυριώτερα εξ αυτών είναι ο Τύπος, ο(444 Κινηματογράφος, among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the among other wise heritage he leftthe us,οι he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge with definition of theΕπικοινωνίας, content concepts. η Ραδιοφωνία, η starts Τηλεόραση, Δορυφόροι το acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term Διαδίκτυο κ.ά. (αναφορά κατά χρονολογική σειρά 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification γενικευμένης 1 (and χρήσης). gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Η ευρεία, λειτουργική και αποτελεσματική χρήση αυτών Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, των Μέσων συναρτάται σειρά εξωγενών και ενδογενών ways), of social groups, usually ofπρος low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless παραγόντων, όπως νομικών ρυθμίσεων, (διεθνών, whatever other consequences has, results also rising of landεθνικών), prices (and theof whatever otherπαραγωγής, consequencesπολιτικών, has, results πολιτιστικών also rising of land (and the potential relative speculation). κόστους και prices άλλων potential relative speculation). Theκοινωνικών term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s andτων it refers to παραμέτρων, οικονομικής ευρωστίας The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Ιδιοκτητών τους,of wealthy (Κρατικών Ιδιωτών), the then observed trend people to Φορέων, buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof διαθεσιμότητας (Διοίκησης, Διαχείρισης, London, upgrade them, stayΣτελεχών, themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. Δημοσιογράφων, Τεχνικών),is included Συγκροτημάτων/Πρακτορείων A description of this phenomenon in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon is included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth 3 GLASS at the same in other major Ειδήσεων κ.ά.period, while similar situations GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western by other Researchers. Παράcountries, την πληθώρα όμως των Μέσων Μαζικής cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars for its more Επικοινωνίας και των συναφών διαδικασιών καιand τεχνικών Since then, the issue has several below, scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from the διάχυσης πληροφοριών, μεγάλο μέρος του πληθυσμού της Γης comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: έχει προσβάσεις σεdue πηγές πληροφοριών εκ ποικίλλων In aδεν sense, theof phenomenon is togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups λόγων, όπως λογοκρισίας, οικονομικής ανέχειας, to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from theτεχνικών purlieus to downtown, where αναλφαβητισμού, δυσχερειών κ.ά.4 work place is, lack of the 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for 3 lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access to markets, Άλλα θέματα βλ.: Άρτ. Δ.London ΣΑΒΒΙΔΟΥ: Οι easier ειδικώτερες ρυθμίσεις περίetc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, and car New York she came back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. Inαλυσιτελείς 1950 sheto became teacher in the Ανθρωπίνων Δικαιωμάτων: Θεμιτές προσδοκίες, διαδικασίες. to another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and University College where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and Πάφος 2017. of London, long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are 4 characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Βλ. εν εκτάσει: Κωνστ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ: Δημόσιες Σχέσεις. 15 ηweb, in and selling real estate, etc., for theCoΓΕ. depreciation initially of part of the urban 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: έκδ., Αθήναι, 2018, σ. 35, 222 επόμ. Εκδ. Κέντρου Επιμόρφωσης, Μελετών, G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Έρευνας και Ανάπτυξης.
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