Epatapa 85

Κείμενα / Articles Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ Const. GE. ATHANASOPOULOS Γ. ΓΕΩΡΓΗΣ + ΜΙΧ. ΓΚΙΟΚΑΣ Γρ. Τύπου και Πληροφ. Κύπρου K›ÌÂÓ·/Articles Ιω. ΔΡΑΓΩΝΑΣ Β. ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ Νικ. ΖΑΧΑΡΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ ∫ˆÓÛÙ. °∂. ∞£∞¡∞™√¶√À§√™ Ινστ. Τοπ. Αυτοδ.,ΚΕΔΕ Λ. ΚΑΤΣΙΦΑΣ Const. GE. Sp. MAKRIDAKIS|N. TALEBATHANASOPOULOS Ναπ. ΜΑΡΑΒΕΓΙΑΣ Πανεπιστήμιο ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ £. ∫∞§§π∞¡√™ Αθ. ΝΙΑΡΧΟΣ Σόλ. ΞΕΝΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ §.-™. ƒ∞∫π∆∑∏™ Μιχ. ΠΕΡΑΝΤΩΝΗΣ Σ. ΠΛΥΜΑΚΗΣ ¢. ∆™∞∫∞§∞∫∏™ Άρτ. Δ. ΣΑΒΒΙΔΟΥ Χ. ΣΠΑΘΗΣ Π. ΣΤΕΡΙΑΔΟΥ Λεν. ΣΤΡΑΝΗ Αγγ. ΤΣΑΚΛΑΓΚΑΝΟΣ Ν. ΦΑΡΑΝΤΟΥΡΗΣ Ελ. ΧΑΤΖΗΝΙΚΟΛΑΟΥ KENTPO EP. ¶EP. ANA¶T. IÂÚ. ¢. ¶INTO™ IÂÚ. ¶INTOY ΚΕΝΤΡΟ Î·È ΕΡ.AÓ.ΠΕΡ. ΑΝΑΠΤ. Ιερ. Δ. ΠΙΝΤΟΣ

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Γεώργ. - Σπ. Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ Ευγεν. - Μ. Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ + Κ.Ι. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ Δ. ΑΝΤΩΝΙΟΥ Βαρβ. ΒΕΛΗ ΔΕΥΚΑΛΙΩΝ Ο ΘΕΣΣΑΛΟΣ Κ. ΖΩΜΠΟΣ °.- ™. ∫. ∞£∞¡∞™√¶√À§√™ Ε. ΜΙΧΑΛΑΚΗ G.- Sp. K. ATHANASOPOULOS Δ. ΠΑΜΠΟΡΗΣ °. ¢∞™∫∞§∞∫∏™ Μ. ΠΑΝΟΥΡΓΙΑΣ ¢È‡ı. MÂÙ·ÊÚ·ÛÙÈÎÔ‡: Ελ. ΣΤΑΥΡΑΚΑΚΗ ∂.- ª. ∫. ∞£∞¡∞™√¶√À§√ Γ. ΧΑΤΖΗΓΕΩΡΓΙΟΥ ¢ÈÔÈÎËÙ. YËÚÂۛ˜: Γ. ΠΑΠΑΣΤΑΜΑΤΙΟΥ E. A£ANA™O¶OY§O™ Μ. ΣΤΑΥΡΙΔΟΥ A. KYPA°°E§OY

E¶I£EøPH™H ΕΠΙΘΕΩΡΗΣΗ A¶OKENTPø™H™ ΑΠΟΚΕΝΤΡΩΣΗΣ TO¶IKH™ ΤΟΠΙΚΗΣ AYTO¢IOIKH™H™ ΑΥΤΟΔΙΟΙΚΗΣΗΣ KAI ¶EPIºEPEIAKH™ ΚΑΙ ΠΕΡΙΦΕΡEΙΑΚΗΣ ANA¶TY•H™ ΑΝΑΠΤΥΞΗΣ ✸ REVUE DE DECENTRALISATION D' ADMINISTRATION LOCALE ET DE DEVELOPPEMENT REGIONAL ✸ REVIEW OF DECENTRALIZATION LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT

Διεύθ. Μεταφραστικού: Ε. - Μ. Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ Εικοστό¢¤Î·ÙÔÓ δεύτεροfiÁ‰ÔÔÓ έτος συνεχούς έκδοσης ¤ÙÔ˜ Û˘Ó¯ԇ˜ ¤Î‰ÔÛ˘ Διοικητ. Υπηρεσίες: Επιστημονικός Υπεύθυνος Έκδοσης http : // library.panteion.gr/pandemos ñ EÏÏËÓÈο ÂÚÈÔ‰Èο Ε. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ email:c.d.const.ge.athan@gmail.com Α. ΚΥΡΑΓΓΕΛΟΥ Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ

hephaestus.nup.ac.cy/ Athanasopoulos Constantinos GE T‡¯Ô˜/N. 68 A£HNAI/ATHENES/ATHENS 2012 http: // library.panteion.gr/pandemos - Ελληνικά περιοδικά Τηλ.:0030/6944.626140, 0030/210.8647120, Fax:0030/210.8658868

Τεύχος / Ν. 85 ΑΘΗΝΑΙ / ATHENES / ATHENS 2016

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns Τοις Εντευξομένοιςή

Μεταναστευτικές ροές και Περί Ανεξάρτητων

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Ανθρώπινα Δικαιώματα: Harvard University, Graduate School of Design,Αρχών Student, ΕτερόκλητεςByπροσεγγίσεις Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete Του κ. Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ

Καθηγητού Σχολ. Νομικών και Κοινωνικών Επιστ.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πανεπιστημίου ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC,Πάφος, Athens), Kε�άλαι� Ι�΄ Καθηγητού Επισκ. Μετ. Προγρ. Σπ. Αθηνών, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCΠανεπ.

-“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition heΚαθηγητού established a greatof“principle”: Ομοτ. ΠΑΝΤΕΙΟΥ Π.Κ.Π.Ε.,the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. �ι Ανε�άρτητες Aρ�ές acquisition of knowledge starts definition the content of concepts.

Exwith Ch.the L. in U. Bruxelles, Ex. Int. I.I.A.P., Paris Based, therefore, on this “principle” aL.first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Α. Γενική πρ�σέγγιση Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, from this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, of low-income andthe theremoval placement Ο αρχαίος Έλληνusually κυνικός Φιλόσοφος ΑΝΤΙΣΘΕΝΗΣ, μας there κληροδότησε �ι Ανε�άρτητες(∆ι�ικητικές) Αρ�ές, (Independent ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, theσπουδαία operation επιστημονική of art galleries,«αρχή»: restaurants, etc.σοφίας However this “change”, regardless μία «Αρχή ονομάτων επίσκεψις», ενώof Regulators-Agencies, Quangos, Authorites Administratives the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof ο ΑΡΙΣΤΟΤΕΛΗΣ Independantes, διετύπωσε την άποψη, Administrativas ότι «ΟρισμόςIndependientes), ουσίας τινός Autoridades µε whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). γνωρισμός». την τρέ��υσα µ�ρ�ή τ�υς, ανάγ�υν την γένεσή τ�υς στις αρ�ές potential relative speculation).

TheΜε term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refersενto βάση, λοιπόν, αυτές τις επιστημονικές προτροπές, παρατίθενται τ�υ 20�υ (Η.Π.Α.), δεin η early σύστασή τ�υς σεitareas διά��ρα The term gentrification isαιώνα found atpeople first inέκτ�τε the UK 1960s and refersofto the then observed trend of wealthy to buy property in poor συνεχεία οριοθετήσεις μερικών βασικών εννοιών, υπεισερχομένων στοareas υπό of Κράτη γενικευθεί, της Ελλάδ�ς περιλαµ�αν�µένης. the then observed trend of wealthy people to there buy property in poor London, upgrade them, stayέ�ει themselves sometimes and thus old residents are διαπραγμάτευση θέμα: Πρόσφυγες στην Κύπρο και ανά τον Κόσμο. Ωςstay λ�γ�ι λειτ�υργίας των Ανε�άρτητων Αρ�ών London, upgrade them, themselves sometimes there and(∆ι�ικητικών) thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Ανθρώπινα δικαιώματα. being indirectly “squeezed”. έ��υν επιστρατευθεί η ε�ασ�άλιση της δια�άνειας περί την διαA description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth χρόνου λόγος θα είναι A Ελλείψει description of thisοphenomenon is αποσπασματικός. included inwere the work ofηSociologist Ruth �είριση δια��ρων �ητηµάτων, �π�υ απαιτείται τήρηση GLASS at the same period, while similar situations recorded in otherλεπτών major Σπεύδω να σημειώσω, ευθύς εξ αρχής, were ότι είναι τα σε φαινόμενα της GLASS at the same period, while similar situations recorded in other major ισ�ρρ�πιών, τις �π�ίες ενδε��µένως δεν θέση να ε�ασ�αcities in Western countries, by other Researchers. προσφυγιάς καιthe της μετανάστευσης εμφανίζονται ακόμη cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. λίσει η ∆ηµ�σια ∆ι�ίκηση ήseveral η Π�λιτική Ηγεσίακαι τ�υ σε Κράτ�υς, (π.�.

Since then, issue has scholars and forπρώϊμες its more εποχές της ανθρώπινης ιστορίας, ενώ π.χ. κατά τον προηγούμενο αιώνα, οι Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more πρ�στασία ατ�µικών δικαιωµάτων των Π�λιτών, π�λυ�ωνία στ� comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες, η Μεγάλη Βρετανία και η Γερμανία υπεδέχθησαν πλήθος comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various �ώρ� των ΜέσωνofΜα�ικής Επικ�ινωνίας, πρ�στασία τ�υ υγι�ύς interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, the following: ατόμων, (40.000.000 ψυχές, οι πρώτες, οι Η.Π.Α.). interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: ανταγωνισµ�ύ, απ�τρ�πή κατα�ρηστικής εκµετάλλευσης δεσπ�In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Κατά την σύγχρονη περίοδο, η Ευρώπη είναι ο πλέον επιθυμητός ��υσας θέσης εντ�ς της εσωτερικής αγ�ράς εν�ς Κράτ�υς κ.ά.) to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money προορισμός προσφύγων της Ασίας, της Αφρικής, κ.ά. περιοχών. Με δεδ�µένη την πρ�σωπική και λειτ�υργική ανε�αρτησία and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of των the Μελών των Ανε�άρτητων (∆ι�ικητικών) Αρ�ών ετέθηfor τ�better θέµαin Κατά τους καιρούς, όπως γνωρίζετε, οι search πληθυσμιακές term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS was born sense1.ofThe safety atcomes theσυγχρόνους distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made herπ�σ�ν first studies.

In 1932 important entitled: κατά η πρ��λεπ�µενη, είτε υπ�an Συνταγµάτων, είτε υπ� μετακινήσεις οφείλονται ή συνδέονται, με she τηνpublished οικονομική κατάσταση της services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,study (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for ν�µων, ανε�αρτησία αυτών των Αρ�ών δεν εγκυµ�νεί κινδύν�υς χώρας προέλευσης, (υπανάπτυξη, μεγάλα ποσοστά ανεργίας κ.ά.),etc.where με lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, ασυδ�σίας και κατα�ρηστικής ¨α�ι�π�ίησης¨ κατά την ενάσκηση εμφύλιες ή published διακρατικές περιφερειακές συγκρούσεις, ήsheμε επιθυμία in According 1943 she studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 teacher in the to another approach, the is due tobecame aτην systematic and University informal College of των London, where she continued her social research.

Her public and σ�ετικών επί π�ικίλλων θεµάτων συνα�ών αρµ�δι�τήτων. αναζήτησης καλλίτερης τύχης σεκαι άλλους τόπους. long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by τ�υ a passion for justice.

See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Επί τελευταί�υ σηµεί�υ ανα�έρεται εδώ σειρά σκέψεων Ενδεικτικώς ότι ο πληθυσμός του πλανήτη αυξάνεται and selling realCOLLINS estate,σημειώνεται, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: τ�υ Εισηγητ�ύ της Κ�ιν���υλευτικής Πλει�ψη�ίας (ΠΑΣ�Κ) κατά 250.000 ψυχές την ημέρα.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Στην περιοχή μας, δηλαδή στην λεκάνη της Μεσογείου, μέχρι το έτος 2521 311 2025 η αύξηση του πληθυσμού, των έξι μεσογειακών Κρατών Μελών της 253 249 Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, θα ανέλθει σε 5.500.000 ψυχές, ενώ η αύξηση του πληθυσμού στις χώρες του Μεσογειακού Νότου θα προσεγγίσει τα 107.000.000!

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect κατά την αναθεώρηση τ�υ Συντάγµατ�ς τ� έτ�ςStudent 2001, � of �π�ί�ς the School of Architecture ετ�νισε και τα ε�ής: Technical University of Crete �ι Ανε�άρτητες (∆ι�ικητικές) Αρ�ές καταδεικνύ�υν µία �αθεία κρίση τ�υ δηµ�κρατικ�ύ �αιν�µέν�υ, συνδε�µενης µε 1. Introductory approach: Defining the ως concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept την ANTISTHENIS, κάµψη των δηµ�κρατικών αντανακλαστικών, α��ύ η(444 Εκτελεthe ancient Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), στική Ε��υσία ανα�ητά υπ�κατάσταση ή ��ήθεια απ� θεσµ�ύς, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the �πως �ι Αρ�ές αυτές. among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Άραγε, δεδ�µέν�, η “principle” Π�λιτική Ε��υσία έ�ειif of απ�δε�θεί acquisition of knowledge starts with the the content of concepts.

Based, µε therefore, on�τι this indefinition a first, not final, approach, the term 1 (and Based, therefore, onσεthis “principle” inindicated aδια�ανής, first, if (in not final, approach, the term την αδυναµία της να είναι �ρισµέν�υς τ�µείς α�ι�πιurban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification στη και απ�τελεσµατική, (π.�. τ�µείςof Επικ�ινωνίας, Sociology as well), as the “refining” a city area, theανταγωνιremoval from this, (in various Sociology as well), asενέργειας the “refining” of city area, removal fromthere this, of (inartists, various σµ�ύ, κε�αλαιαγ�ράς, κ.ά.), �ι aΑνε�άρτητες (∆ι�ικητιways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe the placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, κές) Αρ�ές είναι α�’εαυτών ικανές, υπ� τ�ν ν�µικ� µανδύα, υπ� the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless τ�ν �π�ί� συγκρ�τ�ύνται και λειτ�υργ�ύν, να πρ�σ�έρ�υν α�ι�whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the πιστες λύσεις; potential relative potential relative speculation). Ανε�αρτήτως αυτών, �ι Ανε�άρτητες Αρ�ές, (ήτ�ι1960s and it refers to The term gentrification is found at(∆ι�ικητικές) first in the UK in early Theν�µικά term gentrification found atpeople firstειδική in the UK in early and itareas refersofto κρατικά µ�ρ�ώµατα, ασκ�ύν και 1960s the then observed trend τα ofis�π�ία wealthy toδι�ικητική buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy τυπική property in poor areas κυ�ερνητική αρµ�δι�τητα, µη of ενσωµατωµένα στην συνήθη London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof London, them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents are ιεραρ�ία τηςupgrade Εκτελεστικής Ε��υσίας), διακριν�µενες σε there δύ� µεγάbeing indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. λες κατηγ�ρίες έ��υν κ�ινών �αρακτηριστικών.

A description of σειρά this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this is situations included work of Sociologist Ruth �ι δύ�atκατηγ�ρίες είναιphenomenon εκείνη πέντε Αρ�ών,in �ιthe �π�ίες GLASS the same while των similar were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. πρ��λέπ�νται ευθέως υπ� τ�υ ισ�ύ�ντ�ς Συντάγµατ�ς, (Αρ�ή cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Εθνικ� Researchers.

Since then, the issue∆εδ�µένων, has several scholars Πρ�στασίας Πρ�σωπικών Συµ��ύλι� Ράδι�- and for its more Since then, issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from Τηλε�ρασης, Αρ�ήthe Πρ�στασίας τ�υ απ�ρρήτ�υ των τηλεπικ�ινωcomprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: νιών, Ανώτατ� Συµ��ύλι� Επιλ�γής Πρ�σωπικ�ύ, Συνήγ�ρ�ς τ�υ interpretations the Αρ�ών, phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Π�λίτη), και εκείνη των �ιis �π�ίες είναι δυνατ�ν να συνιto “return” to the(ενδεικτικώς city, leavingανα�έρ�νται the purlieusηfor several Ανταγωreasons: high costs in money στώνται µε ν�µ�, Επιτρ�πή and time to travel from theΕνέργειας, purlieus toη downtown, where work place is, lack of the νισµ�ύ, η Ρυθµιστική Αρ�ή Επιτρ�πή Κε�αλαιαγ�The termΕπιτρ�πή from Sociologist Ruth και GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1. safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, search ράς, η of Εθνική Τηλεπικ�ινωνιών Τα�υδρ�µείων, � Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services ofΚαταναλωτή health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Συνήγ�ρ�ς κ.ά.).

Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where Σε σ�έση µε τα �αρακτηριστικά των Ανε�άρτητων (∆ι�ικητιstudies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 she became teacher in the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and κών) Αρ�ών ανα�έρ�νται συν�πτικώς τα ε�ής: University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying �ιwork Αρ�ές κρατικάby �ργανα, τ�υ ιεραρ�ικ�ύ her are είναι characterized a passionεκ�εύγ�νται for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for theCoυπ�κείµενα depreciation initially part of the urban web, in ελέγ��υ τηςWil. Κεντρικής ∆ι�ίκησης, σε of έλεγ�� 10th edit.

COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. Londonµ�ν�ν 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G.ενεργειών ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety ofτων ways, in order toυπ� achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually ν�µιµ�τητας τ�υς των ∆ικαστηρίων.

4

254 250

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect �ι Αρ�ές έ��υν ευρύ �άσµα απ��ασιστικών αρµ�δι�τήτων επί Student of the School of Architecture �ωτικής σηµασίας τ�µέων της κ�ινωνικής, �ικ�ν�µικής �ωής κ.ά.

Technical University of Crete Τα Μέλη των Αρ�ών διαθέτ�υν, ως ελέ�θη, πρ�σωπική και λειτ�υργική ανε�αρτησία, (µεconcept �,τι αυτ� συνεπάγεται).

1. Introductory approach: Defining the 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Υπ� τ� κράτ�ς αυτών των �αρακτηριστικών, Ανε�άρτητες ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370�ιBC, Athens), (∆ι�ικητικές) Αρ�ές, ως νέ� ¨εργαλεί�¨ δι�ικητικής �ργάνωσης τ�υ ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the Κράτ�υς, ��είλ�υν να ¨εναρµ�νί��υν¨ την δράση τ�υς πρ�ς among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. τις άλλες ¨συνιστώσεις¨ των συγ�ρ�νων Π�λιτειακών ∆�µών, acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the(∆ηµ�term Κράτ�ς ∆ικαί�υ, κ.ά.)

1 (and κρατία, Based, therefore, on this “principle” inΚράτ�ς a first,Πρ�ν�ιας if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is indicated area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Τ�ύτ�, άλλως τε, επι�άλλει και η �ύση των π�ικίλλων gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal this, (inαρµ�δι�various τήτων των Ανε�άρτητων (∆ι�ικητικών) Αρ�ών δεδ�µέν�υ, �τι Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, αυτές usually είναι καν�νιστικές, �αρακτήρα, δικαστικέςways), of social groups, of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.δι�ικητικ�ύ However “change”,και regardless of επίλυση δια��ρών, επι��λή κυρώσεων, πρ�στίµωνκ.ά. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof Τέλ�ς, σε σ�έση τ�ν έλεγ�� και τ� of κ�στ�ς εν γένει δραwhatever otherspeculation). consequences has, µε results also rising landτης prices (and the potential relative στηρι�τητας των Ανε�άρτητων (∆ι�ικητικών) Αρ�ών, τίθεται τ� potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to ερώτηµα της (ενδε��µενης) υπαγωγής της υπ� τ�ν έλεγ�� Σώµατ�ς, The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor (π.�. αντιστ�ί��υ τ�υ sometimes Σώµατ�ςto Επιθεωρητών/ Ελεγκτών ∆ηµ�σιας the then observed trend of wealthy people buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and thus old residents areof ∆ι�ίκησης, Υπηρεσίας sometimes Εσωτερικ�ύthere Ελέγ��υ κ.ά.),old καθώς και are τ� London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus residents being indirectly “squeezed”. �ήτηµα της περιστ�λής των σ�ετικών δαπανών υπ� τις παρ�ύσες being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth 1 συνθήκες.

A description of this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar in other major

GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. Β. �ι ισ�ύ�υσες ρυθµίσεις, ιδίως scholars επί των Συνταγµατικώς πρ�cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several and for its more �λεπ�µένων Αρ�ών.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Αρ�ή πρ�στασίας πρ�σωπικών δεδ�µένων. comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: έ�ει δικαίωµα πρ�στασίας τη συλλ�γή, επε�εργαinterpretations the Καθένας phenomenon of theαπ� following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new category of social groups σία και �ρήση, ιδίως µε ηλεκτρ�νικά µέσα, των πρ�σωπικών τ�υ to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money δεδ�µένων, �πως ν�µ�ς �ρί�ει. Η πρ�στασία των πρ�σωπικών and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the απ� Ανε�άρτητη Αρ�ή, π�υ centres, συγκρ�τείται και λειτ�υρtermat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS was born in sense1.ofThe safety theδεδ�µένων distributed residencies outside town for better Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she9Α) published an important study entitled: γεί, �πως ν�µ�ς �ρί�ει (άρθρ� services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, 1. Τ�approach, έτ�ς 2011 τ�the κ�στ�ς λειτ�υργίας κατ’ Αρ�ή ανήρ�ετ� (ενδεικτική in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another is due a systematic and : Αρ�ή πρ�στασίας πρ�σωπικών δεδ�µένων 2.339.500 ευρώ.

University informal College of ανα��ρά) London, where she continued her social research.

Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying Αρ�ή διασ�άλισης απ�ρρήτ�υ 9.051.500 ευρώ.Ανώher work are characterized by a passion τ�υ for justice.

See των also:επικ�ινωνιών COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of partευρώ. of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: τατ� Συµ��ύλι� Επιλ�γής Πρ�σωπικ�ύ 8.442.800 Συνήγ�ρ�ς ΚαταG. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually ναλωτή 1.525.000 ευρώ κ.ά.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Εθνικ� Συµ��ύλι� Ραδι�-Τηλε�ρασης2 Student of the School of Architecture ** 2.Η ραδι��ωνία και η τηλε�ραση υπάγ�νται στ�νTechnical άµεσ� University of Crete έλεγ�� τ�υ Κράτ�υς. � έλεγ��ς και η επι��λή των δι�ικητικών κυρώσεων υπάγ�νταιapproach: στην απ�κλειστική 1. Introductory Defining αρµ�δι�τητα the concept τ�υ Εθνι1. Introductory approach: Defining theΑνε�άρτητη concept (444 κ�ύANTISTHENIS, Συµ��υλί�υ Ραδι�τηλε�ρασης π�υ είναι Αρ�ή, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), �πως ν�µ�ς �ρί�ει. � άµεσ�ς έλεγ��ς τ�υ Κράτ�υς, π�υ λαµ�άνει ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the και τη µ�ρ�ή τ�υ καθεστώτ�ς της πρ�ηγ�ύµενης άδειας, έ�ει ως among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the σκ�π� την αντικειµενική µε“principle” ίσ�υς µετάδ�ση πληρ���acquisition of knowledge starts with�ρ�υς theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, onκαι this a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 ριών και ειδήσεων, καθώς και πρ�ϊ�ντων τ�υ λ�γ�υ καιthe τηςarea Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban τέ�νης, τηνas ε�ασ�άλιση της π�ι�τικής τωνthe πρ�γραµµάgentrification gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology well), as the “refining” ofστάθµης a cityisarea, removal (in various των, π�υ επι�άλλει η κ�ινωνική απ�στ�λή της ραδι��ωνίας και Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, της τηλε�ρασης η π�λιτιστική ανάπτυ�η �ώρας, καθώς ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation ofκαι art galleries, restaurants, etc.της However “change”,there regardless of και τ� σε�ασµ� της α�ίας τ�υ ανθρώπ�υ και την πρ�στασία της the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof παιδικής ηλικίας και της νε�τητας (άρθρ� 15). also rising of land prices (and the whatever other consequences has, results potential relative speculation).

potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Αρ�ή διασ�άλισης τ�υ απ�ρρήτ�υ επικ�ινωνιών The term gentrification foundτων atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor 1. Τ� απ�ρρητ� των επιστ�λών και της ελεύθερης ανταπ�κριthe then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof σης ή επικ�ινωνίας µε �π�ι�νδήπ�τε άλλ� sometimes τρ�π� είναιthere απ�λυτα London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. απαρα�ίαστ�. Ν�µ�ς �ρί�ει τις εγγυήσειςisυπ� τις �π�ίες η ∆ικαbeing indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon included in the work of Sociologist Ruth στική Αρ�ή δεν δεσµεύεται απ� τ� απ�ρρητ� για λ�γ�υς εθνικής A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major ασ�άλειας ή για διακρί�ωση ιδιαίτερα σ��αρών εγκληµάτων.

GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. **2.Ν�µ�ς �ρί�ει τα σ�ετικά τη συγκρ�τηση, τη λειτ�υργία cities in Western countries, byµε other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more και τις αρµ�δι�τητες Ανε�άρτητης Αρ�ής, π�υ διασ�αλί�ει τ� from Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, απ�ρρητ� της παραγρά��υ 1. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: **3.Απαγ�ρεύεται η phenomenon �ρήση απ�δεικτικών µέσων, έ��υν interpretations the the following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of aπ�υ new category of social groups απ�κτηθεί κατά παρά�αση τ�υ άρθρ�υ αυτ�ύ και των άρθρων 9 to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money και (άρθρ� 19). from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the and9Α time to travel 1.

The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense of safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Συνήγ�ρ�ς τ�υ Π�λίτη services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. same year left Germany and continuous movements for **9.Ν�µ�ς �ρί�ει ταThe σ�ετικά µε from τηshe συγκρ�τηση και τιςafter αρµ�lower living cost of, “withdrawal” private car easier access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came to back to London, δι�τητες «Συνηγ�ρ�υ τ�υ Π�λίτη»,the π�υ λειτ�υργεί in According 1943 τ�υ she published studies regarding city planning.

In ως 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, phenomenon is Ανεdue a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and �άρτητη Αρ�ή (άρθρ� 103). by long-term informal effort organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

COLLINS SONS AND London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: 2. Με δύ�Wil. αστερίσκ�υς δηλών�νται ταLtd. σηµεία της αναθεώρησης τ�υ The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety ofτ�υ ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Συντάγµατ�ς έτ�υς 2001.

6

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Ανώτατ� Συµ��ύλι� Επιλ�γής Πρ�σωπικ�ύ Student of the School of Architecture **6.Πρ��λεπ�µενες ή διατηρ�ύµενες στ� University ν�µ� 2190/1994, Technical of Crete �πως αυτ�ς ισ�ύει, ε�αιρέσεις απ� την αρµ�δι�τητα τ�υ Ανώτατ�υ Συµ��ύλι�υ Επιλ�γής Πρ�σωπικ�ύ ε�ακ�λ�υθ�ύν να ισ�ύ1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept �υν (άρθρ� 118) ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens),

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the Άλλες ρυθµίσεις among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the απ�with τ� Σύνταγµα πρ��λέπεται η συγκρ�τηση και η λειacquisition of knowledge starts theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on�π�υ this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 τ�υργία Ανε�άρτητης Αρ�ής, τα µέλη της δι�ρί��νται µε �ρισµένη Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and και διέπ�νται απ� πρ�σωπική και λειτ�υργική ανε�αρτηgentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in the areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), asθητεία the “refining” of a city the removal from (in various σία, �πως ν�µ�ς �ρί�ει.

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Ν�µ�ς �ρί�ει τα σ�ετικά µε τηνthe επιλ�γή και την υπηρεσιακή ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of κατάσταση τ�υ επιστηµ�νικ�ύ και λ�ιπ�ύ πρ�σωπικ�ύ της Υπηthe operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof ρεσίας, π�υ �ργανώνεται υπ�στήρι�η λειτ�υργίας whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, resultsγια alsoτην rising of land της prices (and the potential relative κάθε Ανε�άρτητης Αρ�ής. Τα πρ�σωπα, π�υ στελε�ών�υν potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers τις to Ανε�άρτητες Αρ�ές πρέπει ταearly ανάλ�γα �πως The term gentrification found atpeople first in να the UK in 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy toέ��υν buy property inπρ�σ�ντα, poor ofto ν�µ�ς �ρί�ει. Η επιλ�γή τ�υς to γίνεται απ��αση ∆ιάσκεψης the then observed trend of wealthy people buy µε property inτης poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof των Πρ�έδρων της Β�υλής και µεthere επιδίω�η ή πάντως London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and συµ�ωνίας thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. µε την αυ�ηµένη πλει�ψη�ία των τεσσάρων πέµπτων των µελών being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth της. σ�ετικά µε την διαδικασία επιλ�γής �ρί��νται απ� τ�ν A description of thisΤαphenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar recorded in other major Καν�νισµ� της Β�υλής.

GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Με τ�ν της Β�υλής επίσης, �σαmore α��cities in Western countries, byΚαν�νισµ� other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied severalρυθµί��νται, scholars and for its ρ�ύν στη σ�έση Ανε�άρτητων Αρ�ών µε την Β�υλή και � τρ�π�ς Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various 3 άσκησης τ�υ κ�ιν���υλευτικ�ύ ελέγ��υ. comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the ΜΑΚΡΙ∆Η heart of the (possibly) 3. Άλλα θέµατα �λ. : Ε. ΜΠΕΣΙΛΑ: � city”, Ν.2477/1997 για τ�ν Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Συνήγ�ρ� τ�υ Π�λίτη δεν ενισ�ύει την Κ�ινωνία των Π�λιτών και δεν lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London,κατ�where �υρώνει τηνregarding ανε�αρτησία τ�υ θεσµ�ύ. ΕΠΙΘΕΩΡΗΣΗ in According 1943 she published studies city planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due aΑΠ�ΚΕΝΤΡΩΣΗΣ, systematic and ΑΥΤ�∆Ι�ΙΚΗΣΗΣ ΚΑΙ ΠΕΡΙΦΕΡΕΙΑΚΗΣ ΑΝΑΠΤΥ�ΗΣ University informal College of Τ�ΠΙΚΗΣ London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized byΥπευθ. a passion for justice.

See also: ENGLISH DICTIONARY. (Επιστ. Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. COLLINS ΑΘΑΝΑΣ�Π�ΥΛ�Σ). Αθήναι, and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part: of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS Ltd. 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: Free Encyclopedia: 1997, τ.9 σ.AND 12 επ�µ. Μ. Γ.London ΒΕΝΕΤΣΑΝ�Π�ΥΛ�Υ ΗThe θεσµική διαδρ�µή της G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order ∆ηµ�σιας to achieve the “assisted”, (actually Ελληνικής ∆ι�ίκησης. Αθήναι, 2002,“voluntary”, σ.296.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Professor Const. GE. Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ.

Concerns ATHANASOPOULOS ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ Postgrad. Progr. Panteion University

Μετ. Προγρ. Σπ. Παντείου Πανεπ. Κοιν. και Πολ. Επιστημών C.Πανεπ.

ATHANASOPOULOS Postgrad. Progr. Univ. of Athens, By Mr. George-Sp. Μετ. Προγρ. Σπ. Αθηνών Postgrad. Progr.

Law Sch. Μετ. Προγρ.School Σπ. Νομικ.

Harvard University, Graduate ofΣχ.

Design, Student, of “Neapolis” Univ., Pafos By Mr. George-Sp. Πανεπ. «Νεάπολις», Πάφος C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Lawyer, Δικηγόρος, Student of the School of Architecture Ex Ch.L.U.L., Bruxelles, Ex Ch.L.U.L.,Technical Bruxelles, University of Crete Ex Int. I.I.A.P., Paris Ex Int. I.I.A.P., Paris

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof New whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, resultsΝέα also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). έκδοση The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Αθήναι, 2014 Athens, 2014 lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

ADMINISTRATIVE LAW

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns International Journal of Forecasting 25 (2009) 716–733

www.elsevier.com/locate/ijforecast

Decision

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Introduction Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, making and planning under low levels of predictability

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture b,1 Technical University of Crete Spyros Makridakis a,∗ , Nassim Taleb

a INSEAD, Boulevard de Constance, 77305 Fontainebleau, France 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept b Polytechnic Institute of NYU, Department of Finance and Risk Engineering, Six MetroTech Center, Rogers Hall 517, 1.

Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Brooklyn,philosopher, NY 11201, USA ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Abstract 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification This specialas section aimsas to the demonstrate the limited high level of uncertainty in practically all important Sociology well), “refining” of apredictability city area,and the removal from this, (in various areas of our the implications of this. summarizes huge body ofplacement solid empirical evidence accumulated Sociology asand well), as the “refining” of a citythearea, fromthere this, of (in variousover ways), oflives, social groups, usually ofIt low-income andthe theremoval artists, the past several decades that proves the disastrous consequences of inaccurate forecasts in areas ranging from the economy and ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation art galleries, restaurants, However this “change”, of alike, business to floods andof medicine.

The big problem is, however,etc. that the great majority of people, decisionregardless and policy makers the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless of still believe not other only that consequences accurate forecasting ishas, possible, but also also that uncertainty reliably assessed.

Reality, however, whatever results rising can of beland prices (and the shows otherwise, as this special section proves.

This paper discusses forecasting accuracy and uncertainty, and distinguishes whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). three distinct types of predictions: those relying on patterns for forecasting, those utilizing relationships as their basis, and those potential relative speculation).

Thehuman term gentrification found atoffirst in theInUK in early 1960s andand it refers tofacing for which judgment is the majorisdeterminant the forecast. addition, the major problems challenges Theand term gentrification found firstreliably in the UK in early and refers forecasters the reasons why uncertainty cannot be at assessed discussed using 1960s fourin large data it sets.

Thereof isto also a the then observed trend ofiswealthy people toare buy property poor areas summary of the eleven papers included thiswealthy special section, as well as concluding remarks theare need the then observed trend people tosome buy property inemphasizing poor areas ofto be London, upgrade them, stayinof themselves sometimes there and thus old residents rational and realistic about our expectations and avoid the common delusions related to forecasting.

London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. c 2009 International

Institute of Forecasters. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Keywords: Accuracy; Uncertainty; Low level predictability; Non-normalin forecasting errors; Judgmental predictions Ruth A Forecasting; description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included the recorded work of Sociologist GLASS at the same while similar were in other major GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. in Western countries, by other Researchers.

1.cities Introduction all forecasters dismal.

Worse, the accuracy Since then, the issue has preoccupied almost several scholarsis and for its more ofseveral “scientific”scholars forecasters and is often no its better than that Since then, the issue has preoccupied for more comprehensive being below, from the various The unknown future approach is a source of are anxiety, givingsummarized of simple benchmarks (e.g. today’s value, or some comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the of gentrification, the following: rise to a strong human need phenomenon to predict it in order to average). In addition, the basis of their predictions is interpretations of theitsphenomenon thecategory following: reduce, ideally the eliminate, inherent is uncertainty.

In aorsense, phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trend ofasa doubtful new ofaugurs socialand groups often as those of astrologists.

The demand for forecasts has created an ample supply In the area of economics, who predicted the subprime to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money of “experts” to fulfill it, from augurs and astrologists to and credit crunch crises,place the Internet bubble, the Asian and timeand to travel purlieus to downtown, where work is, lack of the economists businessfrom gurus. the Yet the track record of contagion, the real estate and savingswas and born loans crises, 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for betterin American lending calamity, the other Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 the sheLatin published an important study and entitled: ∗ Corresponding editor. Tel.: education, +30 6977661144. entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) services of health, major disasters?

In business, who “predicted” Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for the E-mail addresses: smakrid@otenet.gr (S. Makridakis), lower living cost of,(N. “withdrawal” from private car access to markets, etc.whereAIG, collapse of Lehman Bear Stearns, studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and Neweasier York she cameBrothers, back to London, nnt@fooledbyrandomness.com Taleb).

1inTel.: 1943 she studies cityphenomenon planning.

1950 she teacher in the Enron orIn WorldCom (in the and Northern Rock, +1 718 260 published 3599; +1 718 260approach, 3355.regarding According tofax: another the is due tobecame a USA), systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying c 2009 International 0169-2070/$ - see front matter Institute of justice.

Forecasters.See Published Elsevier B.V.ENGLISH All rights reserved. her work are characterized by a passion for also:byCOLLINS DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in doi:10.1016/j.ijforecast.2009.05.013 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Royal Bank of Scotland, Parmalat or Royal Ahold (in free forecasts are the exception rather than the rule— Europe); or the practical collapse of the entire Iceland and forecasting errors are of no serious consequence, Concerns economy? In finance, who predicted the demise of thanks to the “thin-tailedness” of the deviations.

S. Makridakis, N. Taleb / International Journal of Forecasting 25 (2009) 716–733

717

LTCM and Amaranth, or the hundreds of mutual and Consider flipping a coin 10 times; how many heads hedge funds that close down every year after incurring will appear? In this game there is no certainty about George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS huge losses? And these are just the tip of the iceberg. By Mr. the outcome, which can vary anywhere from 0 to 10.

University, Graduate Design, Student, However, even withSchool the most of elementary knowledge of In the great majority of situations,Harvard predictions probability, the best forecast for the number of heads are never accurate. As is mentioned by Orrell and By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect is 5, the Student most likelyof outcome, which isofalso the average McSharry (2009), the exception is with mechanical the School Architecture of all possible ones.

It is possible to work out the systems in physics and engineering. The predictability Technical University ofthat Crete chance of getting exactly five heads is 0.246, or to of practically all complex systems affecting our lives is compute the corresponding probability for any other low, while1. theIntroductory uncertainty surrounding our predictions approach: Defining the concept number. cannot be reliably assessed. Perpetual calendars in 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), the ancient philosopher, handheld ANTISTHENIS, devices, including watches, can showGreek the The distribution of errors, when a coin is flipped ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BCis -“principle”: BC,is Athens), exact among rise and set of thewise sun and the moon,he as left well us, he 10 established times and the (444 forecast 5370 heads, shown in other heritage a great the as theacquisition phases of the moon, up to the year 2099 and Fig. 1, together with the actual results of 10,000 among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. beyond.acquisition It is impressive such small starts deviceswith can thesimulations.

The fit between the theoretical and actual of that knowledge definition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if of not final, approach, the term provide highly accurate1 forecasts. For instance, they results is remarkable, signifying that uncertainty can Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inassessed a first,correctly if (in notthe final,flipping approach, the term (andinurban indicated of Planning) (or predictgentrification that on April 23, 2013, Greece:gentrification)be whenarea a coin 10 times.

1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Games of chance like flipping coins, tossing The sun will rise at 5:41 and set at 7:07 Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal from have this,an (inextremely various dice, area, or spinning roulette wheels of rise social groups, Theways), moon will at 4:44 and set usually at 3:55 of low-income and the placement there of artists, nice property: the events are independent, while the ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, operation of will art be galleries, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Thethe phase of the moon more thanrestaurants, 3/4 full, probability of success or“change”, failure is constant over allof the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this regardless or whatever 3 days from full moon.consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the other trials. These two conditions allow us to calculate both whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential speculation).

These forecastsrelative are remarkable, as they concern the best forecast and the uncertainty associated with potential relative speculation). so many The years term into the future, and it isispractically Moreover, number gentrification found at firstvarious in theoccurrences.

UK in early 1960swhen andn,it the refers to certainthe thatthen they term will begentrification perfectly accurate so many atpeople of trials, large,in the central limit theorem applies, The found first in the UK early 1960s and itareas refers observed trend ofiswealthy toisbuy property in poor ofto years from Theobserved same feelingtrend of awe isoffelt when guaranteeing that the distribution the mean, thenow. then wealthy people to there buy property in around poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof a spaceship arrives at its exact destination after many the most likely forecast, can be approximated by a London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. years of traveling through space, when a missile hits its normal curve, knowing that the larger the value of indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon work of Sociologist precise being target thousands of kilometers away, or when is included n the betterin thethe approximation.

Even when a Ruth coin is Abridge description ofperiod, this phenomenon istossed included inwere the=recorded work ofdistribution Sociologist Ruth a suspension spanning 2000 m can withstand a 10 times (n 10), the errors, GLASS at the same while similar situations in otherofmajor strongcities earthquake, as predicted in its specifications. with a forecast of 5, can be approximated pretty well GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Physics andinengineering have achievedbyamazing with a normal distribution, as can be seen in Fig. 1. cities Western countries, other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more successes in predicting future outcomes. By identifyWith celestial bodies and physical law relationSince then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from ing exact patterns and precise relationships, they can ships, we can achieve near-perfect predictions.

With comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the interpretations of the the extrapolate or interpolate them, to phenomenon achieve perfect, er-of gentrification, games of chance, wefollowing: know that there is no various certainty, of the like phenomenon the following: ror freeinterpretations forecasts.

These patterns, the orbits of of we can out the most appropriate forecasts In a sense, the phenomenon is due togentrification, abut trend of figure a new category of social groups celestial objects, or relationships like those involvand estimate precisely the uncertainty involved. In the to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money ing gravity, can be expressed with exact mathematigreat majority of real life situations, however, there and time to then travel fromforthe purlieus where work lackforecast, of the cal models that can be used forecasting theto downtown, is always doubt as to whichplace is theis, “best” term from Sociologist GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born sense ofThe safety atcomes the distributed outside town for positions of1.the sun and the moon on April 23, residencies 2013, Ruthand, even worse, the centres, uncertainty surrounding a fore-in Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: or firing a missileoftohealth, hit a desired target thousands of cast cannot be heart assessed, reasons.

First, in services education, entertainment “at the offor thethree city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for kilometers away.

The models used make no significant most cases, errors areaccess not independent of oneetc. another; lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier to markets, studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where errors, even though they are simple and can often be their variance is not constant, while their distribution in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the isto due anormal systematic and programmed into hand-held cannot her be assured follow aHer curve—which University College devices. of London, where she continued social research. public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying Predictions involving celestial bodies physicalfor justice. meansSee thatalso: the variance itselfENGLISH will be either intractable her work are characterized byand a passion COLLINS DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, for theCo depreciation initially ofofpart of the urban in law type relationships that result inetc., near-perfect, error or a poor indicator potential errors, what web, has been 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns S. Makridakis, N. Taleb / International Journal of Forecasting 25 (2009) 716–733

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Fig. 1. assuming 5 heads a coin is flipped times (10,000from replications).

Sociology as well), asThe theerros “refining” of when a city area, the10removal this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement called “wildofrandomness”

by Mandelbrot (1963).

Secinformation from empirical studies and three concrete ways), social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of ond, there is always the chance of highly unlikely or examples, where ample data are available. the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof totally unexpected occurrences materializing — results and whatever consequences has, results2.1.also land pricespatterns (and the potential relative speculation). these can play aother large role (Taleb, 2007). Third, there Therising accuracyof when forecasting potential relative speculation). is a The severeterm problem outside of artificial setups,atsuch gentrification is found first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to as games: is not observable, and it is quite Thebuy M-Competitions provided abundant Theprobability term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy to property inhave poor ofto uncertain which probabilistictrend model to use. information the accuracy of all major timeof series the then observed of wealthy sometimes people to there buyabout property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents are In addition, we must remember that we do not foreforecasting methods aimed at predicting patterns.

London, upgrade them, stay there and thus old residents are being cast for indirectly the sake of “squeezed”. forecasting, but themselves for some spe- sometimes Table 1 lists the overall average accuracies for all being indirectly “squeezed”. cific purpose, so we must realize that some forecast A description of this phenomenon is included in the workfor of the Sociologist forecasting horizons 4004 series Ruth used in the errors candescription cause harm orof missed whileis situations A this opportunities, phenomenon included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth M-Competition (Makridakis al., 1982) and the GLASS at the same period, while similar inetother major others can beat benign.

So to us, any analysis ofsimilar fore- situations M3-Competition (Makridakis & Hibon, 2000).

The GLASS the same period, while were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. casting needs to take the practical dimension into actable includes five methods. Na¨ıve 1 is a simple, cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has errors preoccupied several scholars and for its more count: both the consequences of forecast and the readily available benchmark. Its forecasts for all Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more fragility and reliability of predictions.

In the case ofsummarized comprehensive approach are being horizons up below, to 18 arefrom the latest available value. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various low reliability, we need to know what to do, dependinterpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thethefollowing: Na¨ıve 2 is same as Na¨ıve 1 except that the ing on the potential losses and opportunities involved. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: forecasts are appropriately for each In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of seasonalized social groups horizon. Single exponential smoothing to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus forforecasting several reasons: high costs in money is a simple method that averages the most recent 2.

The accuracy and uncertainty forecasting and time to travel from theinpurlieus to downtown, where work place to is, the lacklatest of the values, giving more weight ones, in 1.of The term from Ruth GLASS, Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside centres, for order 1912-1940. to town eliminate randomness.

Dampen exponential This section examines each Sociologist of two distinct Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 smoothing she published an important study entitled: is similar to single, that it first issues associated with forecasting: theentertainment accuracy of services of health, education, “at the heart of the city”, except (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for smooths the most recenttotrend in the data to remove predictions and cost the uncertainty surrounding from them. private In lower living of, “withdrawal” car easier access markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where randomness and then extrapolates and dampens, as doing so, it distinguishes three types of predictions: in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due aa systematic and itsher names suchHer smoothed trend.and Single (a)University those involving (b)where those she utilizing College patterns, of London, continued socialimplies, research. public action long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying smoothing was found to be highly accurate in the relationships, and (c) those based primarily on human her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web,was in one and WIKIPEDIA: M3-Competitions, while dampen judgment.

Each ofCOLLINS these threeetc., willfor be covered using 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. LondonM2009.

The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 252111 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns S. Makridakis, N. Taleb / International Journal of Forecasting 25 (2009) 716–733

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Table 1 MAPEa (average absolute percentage error) of various methods and percentage improvements.

MAPEs: Forecasting horizons 1st

Na¨ıve1 Na¨ıve2 Single exponential smoothing Dampen exponential smoothing The Box–Jenkins methodology to ARIMA models

6th

18th

Improvement % Improvement in Avg. MAPE: (in Avg. MAPE) Avg. MAPE over Na¨ıve2 Single Dampen Box–Jenkins (1–18 horizons) Na¨ ıve1 Mr. George-Sp. over over over over By C. ATHANASOPOULOS Na¨ıve1 Na¨ıve2 Single Dampen

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect 1.9% 11.6% Student of6.4% the School of Architecture 2.9% Technical University of Crete

11.7% 18.9% 24.6% 17.9% 10.2% 16.9% 22.1% 16.0% 9.3% 16.1% 21.1% 15.0% 8.7%

15.0% 19.2% 13.6%

4.3%

8.1%

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 9.2% 14.9% 19.8% 14.2% 3.7% −2.5% 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the a All MAPEs and % improvements are symmetric; that is, the divisor is: (Method1 – Method2)/(0.5∗Method1 + 0.5∗Method2). among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with thein definition ofseasonality the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, “principle” a first, final, approach, theis term of the best methods in each of on thesethis competitions.

8.1%, on topifofnot and randomness, due to 1 (and urban therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notwhich final, approach, the term gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification dampen smoothing, eliminates the randomness Finally, theBased, Box–Jenkins methodology with ARIMA 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification in the most recent trend (we canthis, call (in this various trend the models, a statistically sophisticated method that Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from momentum ofthe the series). Finally, the Box–Jenkins identifies and fits most appropriate autoregressive Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, removal fromthere this, (inartists, various ways), of the social groups, usually of low-income andthe placement of method isand less the accurate than dampen smoothing by and/or ways), moving average model to the usually data, was of lesslow-income of social groups, placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, 0.6%, etc. However this “change”, regardless or, in relative terms, has a decrease of 2.5%of in accurate overall than dampen smoothing. the operation ofconsequences artofgalleries, restaurants, etc.also However this regardless whatever other has, results risingaccuracy. of “change”, land prices (and theof overall forecasting Table 1 shows the MAPEs these five methods whatever other consequences also rising of land prices (and the As dampen smoothing cannot predict turning potential relative for forecasting horizons 1, 6speculation). and 18, as well as has, the results points, we can assume that the Box–Jenkins does not potential relative speculation). overall average of all gentrification 18 forecasting horizons.

Theat first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term is found either, as it UK is less accurate dampen. addition,to forecasting errorsterm start atgentrification aroundtrend 10% for period atpeople The iswealthy found first in the early than 1960s and itIn refers the then observed ofone to buy in property in poor areas of dampen smoothing is considerably more accurate ahead forecasts, and almost double for 18 periods the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and thus old residents are than Holt’s exponential smoothing (not shown in ahead. These huge errors are typical of what can be London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are Table 1), which extrapolates the most recent smoothed being indirectly “squeezed”. expected when predicting series similar to those of the indirectly(the “squeezed”. trend, without finding indicates that, M- andbeing M3-Competitions consisting of is included A description ofmajority this phenomenon in dampening. the workThis of Sociologist Ruth onincluded average, in trends do not of continue uninterrupted, A description of this phenomenon is the work Sociologist Ruth economic, financial and business series).

Table 1 also GLASS at the same period, while similarand situations were recorded in other Cyclical major should not,were therefore, be extrapolated. shows the improvements MAPE period, of the fourwhile GLASS at thein same situations recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by methods othersimilar Researchers. turns, for instance, reverse established trends, with over Na¨ ıve 1, in which was used as a benchmark.

For Researchers. cities Western countries, by other Since several scholars its more the consequence of huge and errors for if such trends instance, Na¨ ıve 2 then, is 1.9% the moreissue accuratehas thanpreoccupied Na¨ıve Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more are extrapolated assuming that they will continue comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various 1, a relative improvement of 11.6%, while dampen uninterrupted. comprehensive approach summarized from the various smoothing is 4.3% moreof accurate than Na¨ıare ve 1, being aof gentrification, interpretations the phenomenon thebelow, following: of the phenomenon thecategory following: relativeinterpretations improvement ofthe 27.2%.

In a sense, phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a2.2. trend a new of social groups The of uncertainty when forecasting patterns The right part of Table 1 provides information to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money about the source of the improvements in MAPE. As What is the uncertainty in the MAPEs shown in anddifference time tobetween travel Na¨ from where work place is, lack of the the only ıve 1the andpurlieus Na¨ıve 2 isto downtown, Table 1? Firstly, uncertainty increases together with 1.of The term comes from GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS was born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search that the latter captures theat seasonality in Sociologist the data, this Ruththe forecasting horizon.

Secondly, suchfor an better increase Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: meansservices that the 11.6% improvement (the biggest of all) is bigger postulated However, of health, education, entertainment “atthan thethat heart of thetheoretically. city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for brought

by Na¨living ıve 2 is cost due toof, predicting the seasonality it has been impossible to establish the distribution of lower “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, in the 4004 series. An additional improvement of forecasting errors in a fashion similar to that shown in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the isasdue a systematic and 6.4% comes fromCollege single of exponential smoothing, in Fig. her 1 orsocial Table 1, the number of observations in University London, where she continued research.

Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying which averages recent values order tofor justice. the series the COLLINS M-Competitions is notDICTIONARY. large enough. her workthe aremost characterized by ainpassion See in also: ENGLISH and selling realCOLLINS estate, for theCodepreciation initially part of the urban web, in eliminate random noise.

The finaletc., improvement of For this2009. reason,WIKIPEDIA: weof will demonstrate theEncyclopedia: uncertainty in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London The Free G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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720

GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns S. Makridakis, N. Taleb / International Journal of Forecasting 25 (2009) 716–733

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Fig. 2. Predicted and theoretical number of rainy days.

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, forecasting by using four long series, allowing us to of the temperatures for all 108 years of of data, or the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless ◦ C. look at the distributions of forecasting errors.

3.945 the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof However, it is of clear that the actual (and temperature Rainfall data other from January 1, 1971 to Mayhas, 6, 2008 whatever consequences results also rising land prices the on potential speculation).

1/1/2013 will, in all likelihood, be different from this (n = 13,648)relative in Amsterdam show that the chance of potential relative speculation). at first in the UKAn inidea early 1960s anderrors it refers to average. of the possible or uncertainty rain The on anyterm givengentrification day is very close is to found that of flipping The term atpeople first inaround the UK earlyprediction 1960s and refers this in average can it be inferred athe cointhen (0.506, to gentrification be precise). itfound rains more observed trendSince ofiswealthy to buy property in poor areas oftofrom Fig.to 4, there whichproperty shows the 108 ifareas we use 3.945, during someupgrade periods than during (i.e. events the then observed trend of wealthy people buy in errors poor London, them, stayothers themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof the average for January 1, as old the forecast.

These errors areLondon, not independent), we them, can usestay Na¨ıvethemselves 1 to improve sometimes upgrade there and thus residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. vary from −13 to 8 degrees, with most of them being our ability to forecast. By doing so, we increase the being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description this phenomenon is included in 7the of The Sociologist Ruth problem with Fig. 4, between andwork 11 ◦ C. probability of correctlyofpredicting rain from 0.506, A description ofperiod, thisindependent phenomenon included work of Sociologist Ruth GLASSthat at the while similar were in other major however,in isthe thatrecorded the distribution of errors does not assuming rainysame days are of eachis situations GLASS atFig. the2same period, recorded inmay other seem to bewere well behaved.

This be major because we other, toin 0.694. shows the theoretical andsimilar actual situations cities Western countries, bywhile other Researchers. do not have enough data (a problem with most real forecasting errors using countries, Na¨ıve 1. Theby fit other betweenResearchers. the cities in Western Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more life series) orscholars because the and actual for distribution of errors theoretical andthen, actual errors is remarkable, indicating Since the issue has preoccupied several its more comprehensive approach being theThus, various is not normalbelow, or even from symmetric. we can say that we can estimate the uncertaintyare of the Na¨ıvesummarized comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various of the phenomenon gentrification, thelikely following: that our most prediction is 3.945 degrees, but it 1interpretations model with a high degree of reliability of when interpretations the phenomenon following: is difficult tothe specify the range of uncertainty using theoretical estimates.

It seems thatof Inthe a sense, theof phenomenon is due toingentrification, a trend of a new category of social groupsin this example with any degree of confidence. binary forecasting situations, such as rain or no rain, to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money The number of forecasting errors increases signifiuncertainty can be estimated reliably. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the cantly when we make short term predictions, like the Fig. 3 shows the average daily temperatures in term comes from 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS was born in sense1. ofThe safety thethedistributed outside town centres, for better temperature tomorrow, andsearch use Na¨ıve 1 as the forecast Paris for each dayat of year, Sociologist using residencies data Ruth from GLASS, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: (meteorologists the accuracy of predictJanuary 1, of 1900 to December 31, 2007.

Fig. 3 services health, education, entertainment “at the heartcan ofimprove the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for ing theeasier weatheraccess over that of Na¨ıve 1 for up to three shows a living smooth cost pattern, with winter days having the lower of, “withdrawal” from private car to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where days ahead). If weshe Na¨ıve 1, teacher the average error is lowest temperatures and summer days the highest in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 in the to another approach, the is that dueuse tobecame a1systematic and zero, meaning Na¨ıve is an unbiased forecastones, as expected.

Having identified and she estimated University College of London, where continued her social research.

Her public action and long-term informal by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofofbuying with a standard deviation 2.71 degrees this pattern, the effort best forecast suggested herseasonal work are characterized by a passion for by justice.ing Seemodel, also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban in The a range of errors from to 11web, degrees. meteorologists for, COLLINS say, January 1, 2013, is the 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Coaverage Ltd. Londonand 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The −11.2 Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 252113 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns S. Makridakis, N. Taleb / International Journal of Forecasting 25 (2009) 716–733

721

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as Fig. the3.“refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Average daily temperatures in Paris: 1900 to 2007.

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety thefrom distributed residencies town1st: centres, Fig. 4.at Errors the mean in daily temperatures (inoutside Celsius) on January 1900–2007.

Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for the error distribution are muchmarkets, fatter thanetc. if they distribution ofliving these errors in Fig. 5, superlower cost is of,shown “withdrawal” from private access studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, where were following a normal curve.

For example, there imposedinon1943 a normal curve. she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the According to another approach, the is due a systematic and TwoUniversity observationsCollege come from Fig. 5. where First, there are 14 her errors of temperature less than −8.67 degrees, of London, she continued social research.

Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying are more errors the characterized middle of the distribution thanfor justice. corresponding toCOLLINS more than 4ENGLISH standard deviations from her workinare by a passion See also: DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially part of the urban web, in postulated by the normal curve. Second, the tails of the mean.

ThisWIKIPEDIA: is aof practical impossibility if the actual 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns S. Makridakis, N. Taleb / International Journal of Forecasting 25 (2009) 716–733

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various Fig. 5. Paris temperatures 1900–2007: Daily changes. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Fig. 6. The daily forecasting errors“at for the DJIA, 1900–2007. services of health, education, entertainment the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came to back to London, distribution was published a normal one.

Similarly, there are be approximated by normal curve?

Theinanswer in According 1943 she studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheato became teacher the is to another approach, the is due a systematic and 175 errors outside the limits of the mean ±3she standard complicated, even though thepublic differences areand not as University College of London, where continued her social research.

Her action long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofthebuying deviations, 69 if the distribution was normal. as those of Fig. ENGLISH 6,brokers describing errors of the her workversus are characterized by a passion for justice.large See also: COLLINS DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially ofthepart of the urban web, in Thus, can weWil. say COLLINS that the distribution of Co errors example: DJIA. 10th edit.

SONS AND Ltd.can Londonnext 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 252115 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns S. Makridakis, N. Taleb / International Journal of Forecasting 25 (2009) 716–733

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Table 2 DJIA 1900–2000: Worst-best daily returns.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Fig. 6 shows the same information as Fig. 5, away from the mean such errors correspond to the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and (they theof except whatever that it refers to the values of the DJIA when range from 6.4rising to 21.2 standard deviations). other consequences has, results also of land prices Such (andlarge the potential relative speculation).

Na¨ıve 1 is used as the forecasting model. The data errors could not have occurred in many billions of potential relative speculation).

The term is found in the UK inpart early it refers to (n = 29,339) cover gentrification the same period as the Parisat first years if they were of a1960s normaland distribution.

The term found firstThe in the UK in early 1960s and itinrefers to the then observed ofiswealthy to buy property in poor temperatures, January 1,gentrification 1900 totrend December 31, 2007 atpeople fact that the distribution of errors areas Fig. 6of is the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of (thereLondon, are fewer observations because the stock market upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are much more exaggerated than that of Fig. 5 is due to is not being open during weekends and holidays). actual London, upgrade them, stayThe themselves sometimes there and thus residents are the human ability to influence theold DJIA, which is not indirectly “squeezed”. distribution of indirectly Fig. 6 also does not follow a normal the case with temperatures.

Such an ability, together being “squeezed”. description thishigher phenomenon in the work of Sociologist Ruth curve. TheAmiddle values areof much than those is included the fact that humans overreact to both goodRuth and A description ofmore this values phenomenon iswith included inwere the work of Sociologist GLASS the while similar situations recorded in other major of Fig. 5, while at there aresame many period, outside bad news, increases the likelihood of large movements GLASS at the deviations same period, while situations were recorded in other major the limits of in ±4Western standard from mean.similar cities countries, bythe other Researchers. in the DJIA. There is no other way to explain the cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

For instance, there are 184 values below and above Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for 2,itsas more huge increases/decreases shown in Table it is not 4 standard deviations, whilethe thereissue should has not bepreoccupied any Since then, several scholars and for its more possible for the capitalization of all companies in the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various such values if the distribution was indeed normal.2 DJIA to lose or gain such huge amounts in a single day comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Table 2 further illustrates the long, fat tails of by real factors. interpretations of the thecategory following: In sense, phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups the errors of aFig. 6 by the showing thephenomenon 15 smallest and of Another way to explain the differences between largesttoerrors and the number of standard deviations “return” to the city, leaving the purlieusthefortwo several reasons: high costs in money figures is that temperature is a physical and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, wheresubject worktoplace is, lack the random variable, physical laws,ofwhile termat comes from Sociologist GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasvariables born in 2 Departure sense1.from ofThe safety residencies outside town for better markets arecentres, informational random normality isthe not distributed accurately measured

by Ruthfinancial Berlin, where she made studies. she take an important study entitled: counting the number observations in her excessfirst of 4,entertainment 5, or 6 In 1932 that can any value restriction—there services ofofhealth, education, “at published the heart of without the city”, (possibly)for standard Youth deviationsUnemployment. (sigmas), but in looking at the contribution of The same year she leftare Germany and impediments after continuous movements no physical to the doubling of a large deviations to the total properties.

For instance, the Argentine lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, price. Although physical random variables can be noncurrency froze for a decade in the 1990s, then had a large jump. Its in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the tothan another approach, is due a systematic and kurtosis wasAccording far more significant the Paris weather, although the phenomenon normalher owing to research. nonlinearities cascades, they University Collegein of London, where she social Herand public action and we onlylong-term had one single deviation excess of 4 sigmas.

This is the continued informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying still need obeyCOLLINS some structure, whileDICTIONARY. informational problem her with financial measurements that discard effect of afor justice. work are characterized by athepassion Seetoalso: ENGLISH and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially ofnot part of the urban web, in random2009. variables do have any tangible constraint. single jump.

10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns S. Makridakis, N. Taleb / International Journal of Forecasting 25 (2009) 716–733

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Fig.“refining” 7. The daily forecasting errorsarea, for Citigroup, 1977–2008.

Sociology as well), as the of a city the fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, theNon-normality operation gets of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of worse where individual stocks Estimating relationships, like patterns, requires the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever has,bank results “averaging” also rising (andrandomness. theof of of theland data prices to eliminate are concerned,other as theconsequences recent experience with whatever other consequences has, resultsFig. also rising landofprices (andandthe 8 shows the of heights 1078 fathers sons,3 stocks has shown.

For instance, the price of Citigroup potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). as well as in theearly average of such a relationship passing dropped Septemberis9found and 17,at 2008, The34.7% termbetween gentrification first in the UK 1960s and it refers to the in middle of the data.and it refers to and then by 42.7% on the two days of Theincreased term gentrification found atpeople first inthrough the UK early 1960s the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor areas of September 18 observed and 19. These are hugewealthy fluctuationspeopleThe most likely prediction the height the then trend to there buy property in for poor areasofofa son London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents that are impossible to explain assuming independence whose father’s height is 180 cm is 178.59 are cm, given London, upgrade them, there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. and well behaved errors (the stay meanthemselves daily return sometimes that the average relationship is: indirectly “squeezed”. ofbeing Citigroup is 0.044% standard deviation A description ofand thisthephenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Height Son = 86.07 + 0.514(Height Father) is 2.318%).

Therefore, the uncertainty surrounding A description of this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar recorded in other major = 178.59.

(1) future returnsatofthe Citigroup cannot be while also assessed GLASS same period, similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. either, as the distribution has long, fat tails (see cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Clearly, it scholars is highly unlikely that its the more son’s height has several and for Fig. Since 7), and then, its errorsthe are issue both proportionally more will be exactly 178.59, the average postulated Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more by comprehensive approach being summarized below, from the various concentrated in the middle, and have are proportionally the relationship, as the from pairs ofthe heights of fathers comprehensive approach are being summarized below, various more extreme valuesofinthe comparison to those of of the interpretations phenomenon gentrification, following: and sons the fluctuate a great deal around the average DJIA shown in Fig. 6. interpretations the phenomenon the8.following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of ainnew of social groupsin the shown Fig. category The errors, or uncertainty, predictions depend upon the sizes of the errors and to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money 2.3. The accuracy and uncertainty when forecasting their distribution.

These errors, shown Fig. 9, and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack ofinthe relationships fluctuate from aboutRuth −22.5 to +22.8 cm, with the 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

GLASS was born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside townbeing centres, search forand better big majority between −12.4 +12.4.

Berlin, she made first studies. Into1932 she published an important study entitled: In There iswhere no health, equivalent of her the M-Competitions services of education, entertainment addition, “at the heart of theofcity”, (possibly) the distribution forecast errors seems Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements formore provide us withcost information about the post-sample lower living of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, like a normal curve, although there are etc. more negative studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where forecasting accuracy of relationships. Instead, econoin According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and to determine the she goodness metricians use College the R 2 value University of London, where continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying ofher fit ofwork how are much better the average is justice. in 3 These areCOLLINS data introduced

by Karl Pearson, a disciple of Sir characterized by arelationship passion for See also: ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realmean estate, for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in Galton. comparison the (usedetc., as a benchmark).

10th edit.toWil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. LondonFrancis 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 252117 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns S. Makridakis, N. Taleb / International Journal of Forecasting 25 (2009) 716–733

725

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement Fig. 8. Heights: Fathers and sons. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: 9. The residualentertainment errors of the relationship“at heightthe of fathers/sons. services of health,Fig. education, heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came to back to London, level of uncertainty asbecame being: teacher in the errors close to the mean than postulated by the normal citya 95% in According 1943 she published studies regarding planning. In 1950 sheto to another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and distribution, and more very small and verywhere large ones.

University College of London, she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying HeightSee Sonalso: = 86.07 + 0.514(Height Given such differences, if we can assume that thefor justice. her work are characterized by a passion COLLINS ENGLISHFather) DICTIONARY. and selling real estate,weetc., the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, (2) in distribution ofedit. errors is COLLINS normal, can for then specify ±1.96(6.19) 10th Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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726

GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns S. Makridakis, N. Taleb / International Journal of Forecasting 25 (2009) 716–733

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) gentrification isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Fig. 10. Residual errors vs heights sons.

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city theofremoval (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, less accurate than those of time series methods like (6.19 is the standard deviation of residuals). ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, Box–Jenkins.this Today, they are regardless only used by of governThus, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results mental also rising land prices (and theof for agenciesofand international organizations Height of Son = 178.59 ± 12.3. whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, resultssimulating also rising land (and the the policy of issues andprices better understanding potential relative consequences of these issues.

Their predictive potential relative speculation).

Even this simple example, ±12.3 cm indicates a in the UK in early 1960s and it refers toability Theinterm gentrification is found at first not UK considered of value Orrell & McSharry, lot of uncertainty in the prediction, which also suffers The term gentrification found atpeople first inisthe in early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in (see poor ofto 2009), as their limitations have been accepted by even from the fact that the distribution of errors is not the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and thus old residents are the econometricians themselves, who have concenentirely normal. In addition, there is another problem London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. trated their attention on developing more sophisticated that seriously affects uncertainty. If the errors are being indirectly “squeezed”. modelsinthat canwork better of fit the available data. plotted against the heights of thephenomenon sons (Fig. 10), they A description of this is included the Sociologist Ruth Taleb (2007) revisits the that major such conseA description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth show a strong correlation, implying that expression GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded inidea other quences need to berecorded taken into account in decision mak(1)GLASS underestimates short heights and while overestimates at the same period, similar situations were in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. ing. He shows that forecasting has a purpose, and it is tall ones.

It is doubtful, therefore, that the forecast cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since the several and its more the purpose scholars that may need to befor modified when we are specified by then, expression (1)issue is the has best available for Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various faced with large forecasting errors and huge levels of the heights of sons, while the uncertainty shown in comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various uncertaintythe thatfollowing: cannot be assessed reliably. expression (2) cannot estimated correctly, of as the interpretations ofbethe phenomenon gentrification, interpretations theFinally, phenomenon of thecategory following: errors highly correlated. thereisisdue an extra Inare a sense, theof phenomenon togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups 2.4. Judgmental forecasting and uncertainty problem when forecasting using relationships: the to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money values of the independent variables must, in the great and time to travel from(this theispurlieus downtown, wherefindings work place lackofofjudgmental the majority of cases, be predicted not the casetowith Empirical in theis,field term comes from Sociologist Ruth 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in is sense ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for (1) as 1. the height ofat the father is known), adding an GLASS, psychology have shown that human judgment Berlin, she made first prediction. studies. In 1932 even she published study entitled: extra level where of to theher desired less accurate atimportant making predictions than simple services ofuncertainty health, education, entertainment “at the heartan of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Forecasts from econometric models used to be popstatistical models.

These findings goetc. back to the lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where ular, giving rise to an industry with revenues in the fifties with the work of psychologist Meehl (1954), in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the toofanother approach, the is some due astudies systematic and hundreds of millions dollars.

Today, econometric who reviewed 20Her in psychology University College of London, where she continued her social research. public action and and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying models haveare somewhat fallen out that the “statistical” of diagnosis her work characterized byofa fashion, passionas foremjustice.discovered See also: COLLINS ENGLISHmethod DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate,that etc., theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in pirical studies have showed theirfor predictions were superior to the traditional “clinical” approach.

10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. Londonwas 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 252119 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification the funds that outperform the market for many years When Meehl published a small book about his in a row do so by the ability of their managers and research findings in 1954, it was greeted with outrage Concerns rather than because they happen to be lucky. So far by clinical psychologists all over the world, who S. Makridakis, N. Taleb / International Journal of Forecasting 25 (2009) 716–733

727

there is no empirical evidence that has conclusively felt professionally diminished and dismissed his proven that professional managers have consistently findings. Many subsequent studies, however, have George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS outperformed the broad market averages due to their confirmed Meehl’s original findings. A meta-analysis By Mr. own skills (and compensation). additionStudent, to the field Harvard University, Graduate School of In Design,

by Grove, Zald, Lebow, Snitz, and Nelson (2000) of investments, Makridakis, Hogarth, and Gaba (2009) summarized the results of 136 studies comparing By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect have concluded that in the areas of medicine, as well as clinical and statistical predictions across a wide range Student of the School of Architecture business, the predictive ability of doctors and business of environments. They concluded by stating: Technical University of Crete gurus is not better than simple benchmarks. These “We identified no systematic exceptions to the general findings raise the question of the value of experts: why Introductory approach: Defining the concept superiority1. (or at least material equivalence) of pay them to provide forecasts that are not better than 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 benchmarks mechanical prediction.

It holds in general medicine, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC - 370 like BC,theAthens), chance, or than simple average or in mental health, in personality, and in education and ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), the latest available(444 value? among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the training settings. It holds for medically trained judges question is,ahow well “principle”: human judgment among other wiseforheritage leftthe us,definition heAnother established great the acquisition ofItknowledge startshe with of the content ofcanconcepts. and for psychologists. holds inexperienced and assess future uncertainty? Empirical evidence has acquisition of knowledge starts with thein definition of the content of concepts. seasoned judges”.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term shown that the ability of people to correctly assess 1 (and urban Based,oftherefore, this “principle” inindicated a first,isifeven notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is (in area ofthat Planning) (or gentrification uncertainty worse than of accurately A large number people can beon wrong, and know 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification predicting future outcomes. evidence has that they can be wrong, brought by the comfort Sociology as well), asabout the “refining” of a city area, the removal fromSuch this, (in various shown that humans are overconfident of positive of a system.

They continue their activities “because Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, expectations, ignoring or downgrading other people doofit”.

Theregroups, been no studies ways), social usually of low-income andwhile thethis placement there ofnegative artists, the operation of arthave galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of information. This means that when they are asked examining the notion of the diffusion of responsibility the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the to specify confidence intervals, they make them too in such problems of group error. whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the relative speculation). tight, while not considering threatening possibilities Aspotential Goldstein and Gigerenzer (2009) and Wright potential relative like the consequences recessions, those to of and Goodwin (2009) point speculation). out, the isbiases andat first The term gentrification found in the UK in earlyof1960s and itorrefers the in current subprime and 1960s credit and crisis.itThis is to limitations of human judgment affect its to atpeople The term gentrification found first the UK in early refers the then observed trend ofisability wealthy to buy property in poor areas ofa serious problem, statistical methods also cannot make sound decisions when optimism influences its the then observed trend of wealthy people to there buyasproperty in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof predict recessions and major financial crises, creating forecasts. In addition, it seems that the forecasts of London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. a vacuum resulting in surprises and financial hardships experts (Tetlock, 2005) are not more accurate than being indirectly “squeezed”. for large numbers of people, as nobody has provided A description this phenomenon those of other knowledgeableofpeople.

Worse, Tetlock is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth with information to enable to consider A description thistophenomenon isthem included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth foundGLASS out that experts lessof likely change at thearesame period, whiletheir similar situations inthem other major thesituations full range of uncertainty associated withmajor their mindscities than non-experts, when new evidence appears GLASS at the same period, while similar were recorded in other in Western countries, by other Researchers. investments or other decisions and actions. disproving theirinbeliefs. cities Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more The strongest evidence against the predictive Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for its more comprehensive being summarized from value of human judgment approach comes from are the field 3. A summary of below, the eight papers of thisvarious issue comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various of investment, where a large number of empiricalof gentrification, the following: interpretations of the phenomenon interpretations of thethephenomenon thecategory following: comparisons proven, slightest is doubt, This introductory paper

by Makridakis Taleb In have a sense, thebeyond phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of socialand groups that the returns of professional managers are not better demonstrates the limited predictability and high level to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money than a random selection of stocks or bonds. As there of uncertainty in practically all important areas of our and time travel from purlieus work is, lackempirical of the are around 8500 to investment funds the in the USA, itto downtown, lives, and thewhere implications of place this. It presents termcan from Sociologist Ruthevidence GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruthpredictability, GLASS for wasbetter born sense1. ofThe safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town search is possible that a fund beat, say, the S&P500, proving thiscentres, limited as wellin Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: for 13services years in aofrow.

Is thiseducation, due to the ability of as examples involved health, entertainment “at theillustrating heart ofthe themajor city”,errors (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for its managers or to chance?

If“withdrawal” we assume that from the private and thecar high levelsaccess of uncertainty that cannot be lower living cost of, easier to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where probability of beating the S&P 500 each year is 50%, adequately assessed because the forecasting errors are in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and not independent, andaction constant. then if University there were 8192 funds, it would where be possible College of London, she continued her social normally research.distributed Her public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying Finally, thealso: paperCOLLINS emphasizes the needDICTIONARY. to be rational for oneher of them beat the S&P500 by for a13passion years infor justice. worktoare characterized See ENGLISH selling realCOLLINS estate, theCo depreciation initially of of the urban web, in and realistic about ourpart expectations from forecasting, a rowand by pure chance.

Thus, it isetc., not for obvious that 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification and avoid the common illusion that predictions can be need to recognize that perfect individualized health accurate and that uncertainty can be assessed correctly. forecasting is not a realistic target in the foreseeable Concerns future, and we have to live with a considerable degree The second paper, by Orrell and McSharry, states 728

S. Makridakis, N. Taleb / International Journal of Forecasting 25 (2009) 716–733

of residual uncertainty. that complex systems cannot be reduced to simple mathematical laws and be modeled appropriately.

The sixth paper, by Fink, Lipatov and Konitzer, C. ATHANASOPOULOS The equations that attempt to represent them By are Mr. George-Sp. examines the accuracy and reliability of the diagnoses Harvard Graduate School of Design, only approximations to reality, and are oftenUniversity, highly made by general practitioners.

TheyStudent, note that only sensitive to external influences and small changes 10% of the results of consultationsArchitect in primary care ByinMr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS parameterization. Most of the time they fit past data canStudent be assigned to a School confirmedof diagnosis, while 50% of the Architecture well, but are not good for predictions. Consequently, remain “symptoms”, and 40% are classified as “named Technical University of Crete the paper offers suggestions for improving forecasting syndromes” (“picture of a disease”). In addition, they models by following whatapproach: is done in systems biology,the concept provide empirical evidence collected over the last 1. Introductory Defining integrating information from disparate sources in fifty years showing that less than 20% of the most 1. Introductory approach: the concept the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370for BC, Athens), orderANTISTHENIS, to achieve such improvements. frequent diagnoses account more than 80% of the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC,results Athens), the results of(444 consultations.

Their prove TheANTISTHENIS, third paper,wise

by Taleb, provides among other heritage heevidence left us,ofhe established a great the that primaryofcare a severe “black swan” the element the problemsother associated withheritage econometric models, and among wise leftthe us,definition he established a great acquisition of knowledge startshe with the has content of“principle”: concepts. in the vast majority of consultations.

Some critical proposes a methodology to deal with such problems acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term cases involving “avoidable life-threatening dangerous by calibrating decisions, based on the nature of the 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” in adevelopments” first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) of Planning) (or brain gentrification such area as myocardial disturbance, forecast errors. Such(and a methodology classifies decision is indicated 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various bleeding and appendicitis may be masked by those payoffs as simple or complex, and randomness as thin Sociology as well), as “refining” of he a city area, the from this,disorders (inartists, various often symptoms of health ranked in or fat tailed. he the concentrates onlow-income what ways), of Consequently, social groups, usually of andvague theremoval placement there of the 20% of most frequent diagnoses.

They calls the fourth quadrant (complex payoffs and fat tail ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardlessconclude of proposing this that (1) primary care should no of longer randomness), and proposes solutions torestaurants, mitigate the etc.byHowever the operation ofconsequences art galleries, “change”, regardless whatever other has, results also rising of land prices (and the be defined only by “low prevalence” properties, but effects of possibly inaccurate forecasts based on the whatever other consequences has, resultsalso also rising of land prices (and(2) the potential relative speculation). by its black-swan-incidence-problem; at the nature of complex systems. potential relative speculation). levelUK of everyday diagnostic protocols The

by Goldsteinisand Gigerenzer, Thefourth termpaper, gentrification found at first in the in earlypractice, 1960s and it refers to are make diagnoses more and Theevidence term gentrification found atpeople first innecessary the UKtoin early 1960s andreliable; itareas refers provides that some of the and frugal the then observed trend ofisfast wealthy to buy property in poor ofto(3) at the to levelbuy of epidemiology, a system ofareas classifications heuristics that observed people use intuitively are able to makepeople the then trend of wealthy property in poor of London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are is crucial for generating valid information by which forecasts that upgrade are as good as or stay betterthemselves than those of sometimes London, them, there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. predictions of risks can be improved. knowledge-intensive procedures. By using research on indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of ecological this phenomenon is included the work Ruth and thebeing adaptive toolbox and rationality, they Theinseventh paper,ofbySociologist Makridakis, Hogarth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the further work empirical of Sociologist Ruth demonstrate of using intuitive Gaba, provides evidence that accuGLASS atthethepower same whileheuristics similar recorded in other major for forecasting in various domains, including sports, rate forecasting in the economic and business world GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. business, andWestern crime. is usually not possible, due to the huge uncertainty, cities in countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied as several scholars and for its more practically all economic and business activities are The fifth paper, by Ioannidis, provides a wealth Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, subject to events whichfrom we are the unable to predict. The of empirical evidence that while biomedical research comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations ofamounts the phenomenon gentrification, the following: fact that forecasts can be inaccurate creates a serious is generating massive of information of about interpretations of the gentrification, following: dilemma forthe decision and policy makers.

On the one potential factors for phenomenon health and is disease, few In aprognostic sense, the phenomenon dueof to a trend of a new category of social groups accepting the limits of forecasting accuracy imprognostic factors havecity, beenleaving robustly validated, and forhand, to “return” to the the purlieus several reasons: high costs in money plies being unable to assess the correctness of decifewer still have made a convincing difference in health and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of sions and the surrounding uncertainty.

On the the other outcomes or in prolonging life expectancy. For most The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for hand,1912-1940. believing thatRuth accurate forecasts are possible diseases and outcomes, a considerable component of GLASS, Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: means succumbing the illusion control and expethe prognostic variance remains unknown, and may services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart ofto the city”,of(possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for riencing surprises, oftento with negative consequences. remain so in the cost foreseeable future. Ioannidisfrom suggests lower living of, “withdrawal” private car easier access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, They suggest that the time has come for a new attitude that in order to improve studies medical regarding predictions,city a planning. in According 1943 she published In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and towards dealing with the future that accepts ourand limited systematic approach to of theLondon, design, conduct, reporting, University College where she continued her social research.

Her public action long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying ability to make predictions in the economic and replication, and clinical translation of prognostic her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY.busiand selling realCOLLINS estate, theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in environment, while also providing a framework research is needed.

Finally,etc., he for suggests that 10th edit.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification reasons than the accurate forecasting of future that allows decision and policy makers to face the temperatures. future — despite the inherent limitations of forecastConcerns The tenth paper, by the late David Freedman, ing and the huge uncertainty surrounding most futureS. Makridakis, N. Taleb / International Journal of Forecasting 25 (2009) 716–733

729

shows that model diagnostics have little power unoriented decisions. less alternative hypotheses can be narrowly defined.

The eighth paper, by Wright and Goodwin, looks C. ATHANASOPOULOS For George-Sp. instance, independence of observations cannot at scenario planning as an aid to anticipation of the By Mr. be tested against general forms of dependence.

This Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, future under conditions of low predictability, and means that the basic C. assumptions in regression modGeorge-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect examines its success in mitigating issues to do with By Mr. els cannot be inferred fromSchool the data.of The same is true Student of the Architecture inappropriate framing, cognitive and motivational with the proportionality assumption, in proportionalbias, and inappropriate attributions of causality.

Technical University of Crete hazards models, which is not testable. SpecificaThey consider the advantages and limitations of tion error is a primary source of uncertainty in such planning and identify four potential principles 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept forecasting, and such uncertainty is difficult to refor improvement: (1) challenging mental frames, 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 calibration, ANTISTHENIS, the (3) ancient Greek philosopher, BC - 370while BC,model-based Athens), solve without external (2) understanding human motivations, augmenting ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), causal inference is more problematic to the test. among other wise heritage he left aeven great scenario planning through adopting the approach of us, he established These problems decrease the value of our models among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the crisis acquisition management, and (4) assessing the flexibility, of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. and increase the uncertainty of their predictions. acquisition of knowledge starts with definition of the content of concepts. diversity, and insurability of strategic options in a thein Based, therefore, on this “principle” aThefirst, if not final, approach, the term final paper of this issue, written by the structured option-against-scenario evaluation.

1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle”editors, inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area ofissues Planning) (or gentrification is a summary of the major surrounding The gentrification ninth paper, by1 (and Green, Armstrong and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in area of Planning) (or forecasting, and also the puts forward a number of Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal from this, (in various Soon, proposes a no change, benchmark model for ideas aimed at a complex world where accurate Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways),temperatures of social groups, usually low-income and the placement there of artists, forecasting which they argue of is the predictions arethe not placement possible and there uncertainty ways), ofone, social groups, usually of low-income and of artists, operation art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”,where regardless of most the appropriate asoftemperatures exhibit strong reigns. However, once we accept the inaccuracy of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless (cyclical) fluctuations and there is no obvious trend whatever other consequences has, results also the rising ofquestion land prices (and theof forecasting, critical is, how can we plan, over the past 800,000 years that Antarctic temperature whatever other consequences has, results also risinginvest of land pricesmanage (and our the potential relative speculation). formulate strategies, our savings, data from the ice-core record isspeculation). available. These data potential relative andUK in general make future-oriented decisions, The term gentrification is found at firsthealth, in the in early 1960s and it refers to also show that the temperature variations during the accepting that there are no crystal balls? is whereto The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s andThis itareas refers the then observed trend of to buy property in poor of late 1900s were not unusual. Moreover, a comparison the editorstobelieve much more andareas thinking the observed trend wealthy sometimes people buy that property ineffort poor London, upgrade them, themselves there and thus residents areof between the then ex ante projections ofstay the of benchmark is needed, and where they are old advancing a number London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are modelbeing and those made by the Intergovernmental indirectly “squeezed”. of proposals to avoid the negative consequences ◦ C-per-year were being indirectly “squeezed”.

Panel on Climate Change at 0.03 involved while also profiting from the low levels of A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth practically indistinguishable from one another in the predictability.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major small sample of errors between 1992 through 2008.similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, cities in Western countries, bywhile other The authors argue that the accuracy of forecasts fromResearchers.

4. The problemsscholars facing forecasters cities inisWestern countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several and for its more the benchmark such that even perfect prediction Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more wouldcomprehensive be unlikely to help policymakers getting approach inare being summarized below, from The forecasts of statistical models are “mechancomprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various forecasts that are substantively accurate thanof gentrification, interpretations of themore phenomenon following: ical”, unable tothe predict changes and turning points, those from a no change, benchmark model. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: unable make predictions for social brand new situaIn a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, aand trend oftoa new of groups Because global warming is an emotional issue, tions, or when there are limited amounts of data.

These to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money the editors believe that whatever actions are taken to tasks require intelligence, knowledge and an ability to and time to travel fromcannot the purlieus work only place lack of the reverse environmental degradation be justifiedto downtown, learn which where are possessed by is, humans.

Yet, as 1.of The from Sociologist GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruthare GLASS wasbetter born safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for on thesense accuracy ofterm predictions of mathematical or Ruthwe saw, judgmental forecasts less accurate thanin Berlin, where she it made studies. she published an important study entitled: statistical models. musther be first accepted that In 1932 the brainless, by statistical services ofInstead, health, education, entertainment “at themechanistic heart ofones the provided city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment.

Theand same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for accurate predictions are not possible uncertainty models.

Forecasters find themselves betweenetc.

Caryblower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where cannot be reduced (a fact made obvious by the dis and Scylla.

On the one hand, they understand the in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and many and contradictory predictions concerning global limitations of the statistical models.

On the other hand, University College of London, where she continued her social research.

Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying warming), whatever actions are taken to protectfor justice. their own cannot be trusted. The biggest adherand work are characterized by a passion Seejudgment also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of the web, in the environment beestate, justified based on other vantage2009. of statistical predictions isurban their objectivity, 10th edit.must Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns S. Makridakis, N. Taleb / International Journal of Forecasting 25 (2009) 716–733

Table 3 Values of daily statistics for DJIA and Paris temperatures for each decade from 1900 to 2008.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. seems Introductory Defining daily temperatures, as they are very similar in the which to be moreapproach: important than the intelli-the concept 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept gence, knowledge and ability of humans to Thephilosopher, decades 1900–1910 and- 1910–1920.

Starting from the ANTISTHENIS, the ancient learn.

Greek (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), problem with humans is that the they ancient suffer fromGreek incon- philosopher, decade 1920–1930 onwards, however, both the means ANTISTHENIS, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the sistency, wishful thinking and all sorts of biases that and the standard deviations of the percentage daily among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. diminish the accuracy of their predictions. The biggest changes in the DJIA vary a great deal, from 0.001% acquisition of knowledge starts withis the definition the content of 1990s concepts.

Based, “principle” a first, if of not approach, the challenge andtherefore, only solutionontothis the problem forin in the 1930s tofinal, 0.059% in the (thisterm means that 1 (and Based, on this inindicated a$10,000 first, if notthe final, approach, thewould term humans to findtherefore, ways to urban exploit their“principle” intelligence, is invested at the beginning of 1930 gentrification) (in area of Planning) (or have gentrification 1 (and knowledge and ability to as learn while avoiding their become by the endthis, of 1939, while the gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (in the area of Planning) (orsame Sociology as well), the “refining” of aincityisarea, the$10,334 removal from (in various consistencies, wishful thinking and“refining” biases. We believe amountthe invested at the from beginning of(in 1990 would have Sociology as well), as the of a city area, removal this, various ways), social groups, usually of low-incomegrown andtothe placement there of artists, that muchof work can be done in this direction. by the end of 1999). The differences ways), of groups, usually of limited low-income and $44,307 thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless ofwhich Below, we social summarize the problem of are equally large for the standard deviations, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless predictability highconsequences levels of uncertaintyhas, usingresults the whatever and other alsofrom rising ofinland prices (and theof range 0.65% the 1960s to 1.85% in the 1930s. daily values relative of other the DJIA and the Paris temperatures. whatever consequences has, resultsOnalso rising (andinthe the other hand,oftheland meanprices daily changes temperpotential speculation).

The availability of fast speculation). computers and practically atures are in small, except possibly forrefers the 2000–2008 potential relative The term gentrification is found at first in the UK early 1960s and it to unlimited memory has allowed us to work with long period, when they increased to 0.005 of a degree.

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to In the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of series and study how well they can forecast and addition, the standard deviations have remained pretty the then observed of wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay various themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof identify uncertainty.

Table 3trend shows statistics much constant throughout all eleven decades.

London, upgrade them, there and thus old residents are for for the daily % changes in the stay DJIAthemselves and the daily sometimes being indirectly “squeezed”.

Table 3 conveys a clear message. Forecasting changes inindirectly Paris temperatures, for each decade from being “squeezed”. some series, like the DJIA, cannot be accurate, A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruthas the 1900 to (the 2000 toof2008 does not coveris included assumption of constancy of their patterns,major and possibly A2008 description thisperiod phenomenon inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations recorded in other the whole decade).

Table period, 3 allows us to determine relationships, is violated.

Thisin means thatmajor predicting GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded other cities inwe Western countries, byuncertainty other Researchers. how well can forecast and assess for for the next decade, or any other forecasting horizon, in1910–1920, Western countries, bypreoccupied other thecities decade given the information forResearchers. the Since then, the issue has several scholars andinformation, for its more cannot be based on historical as both the decade 1900–1910, forthe the decade givensummarized Since then, issue 1920–1930 has several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being from the mean and thebelow, fluctuations around thevarious mean vary too thecomprehensive information for 1910–1920, and so on. approach are being summarized much fromthe onebelow, decade to from another.the Doesvarious the increase to interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, following: 0.005 changes in dailyofParis temperature interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, the following: In sense, theof phenomenon is due to a trend ofina the new category social groupsfor the 4.1.

Theamean percentage change of the DJIA andof the period of 2000–2008 indicate global warming? This is average change in Paris temperature to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus foraseveral reasons: high costs in money question we will not attempt to answer, as it has been and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work is, lack theissue. dealt with in the paperplace

by Green et al. of in this The mean percentage change in the DJIA for the termat from Sociologist Ruth 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in like sense1.1900–1910 ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for However, the potential exists that even in series decade iscomes 0.019%.

If such a change had GLASS, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 temperature she published an important study entitled: we have to worry about a possible change been used as forecasteducation, for the decadeentertainment 1910–1920, services ofthe health, “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany andterm after continuous movements for incar the long trend. the results would haveof, been highly accurate.

In adlower living cost “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came to back to London, Another technique for looking at differences is dition, the volatility in the daily percentage changes in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and departures normality. the kurtosis from 1900–1910 wouldofhave been where an excellent preUniversity College London, she continued her socialfrom research.

HerConsider public action and of long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying variables.

TheENGLISH 5 largest DICTIONARY. observations in the dictor for 1910–1920.

The same by is true with both her work are characterized a passion forthe justice.the Seetwo also: COLLINS and selling real estate, etc., for thechanges depreciation initially of part of the in For represent 3.6% ofurban theEncyclopedia: totalweb, kurtosis. means and theWil. standard deviations ofAND the 10th edit.

COLLINS SONS Co Ltd. in Londontemperature 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification the Dow Jones, the 5 largest observations represent close to normal with not too fat tails (the skew38% of the kurtosis (e.g., the kurtosis in the decade ness and kurtosis of the distribution were 0.33 and Concerns 1970–1980 is 1.89, while that of the following decade 1.89 respectively), while that of the 1980s was too S. Makridakis, N. Taleb / International Journal of Forecasting 25 (2009) 716–733

731

tall in the middle (the kurtosis was 68.84, versus is an incredible 68.84—see Table 3). Furthermore, 1.89 in the 1970s) with considerable fat tails on both under aggregation (i.e., by taking longer observation C. ATHANASOPOULOS ends.George-Sp. Given the substantial differences in the distriintervals of 1 week, 1 fortnight, or 1 month), the By Mr. butions of changes, or errors, is it possible to talk Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, kurtosis of the temperature drops, while that of the about assessing uncertainty in statistical models when stock market does not change.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect (a) the distributions normal,of even with series In real life, most series behave like the DJIA; Student ofare thenotSchool Architecture like temperatures; Technical (b) the means and standard in other words, humans can influence their patterns University ofdeviaCrete tions change substantially; and (c) the distributions or and affect the relationships involved by their actions errors are not constant? We believe that the answer is a and reactions.

In such cases, forecasting is extremely 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept strong no, which raises serious concerns about the redifficult or even impossible, as it involves predicting 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept models ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC 370 BC, alism of financial(444 that- assume thatAthens), uncertainty human behavior, something which is practically ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370are BC, can be assessed assuming that errors wellAthens), behaved, impossible.

However, even with series he likeleft the us, he established among other wise heritage a great the with a zero mean, a constant variance, a stable temperature human intervention is also possible, among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. distriand independent errors. of concepts. although there is noofconsensus in predicting its thebution acquisition knowledge starts with definition of the content Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term The big advantage of series like the DJIA and consequences.

1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle”the inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification Paris temperatures is the extremely large number 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification of available data points that allows us to extract Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various 4.2. The uncertainty in predicting changes in DJIA different types information, asof that shown Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the fromsuch this, (in various and Paris temperatures ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and theofremoval placement there artists, in Table and 3, which is based on there more of thanartists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income the placement the operation of art galleries, restaurants, observations etc. However this “change”, regardless2500 of in the case of the DJIA, and 3650 for Having data since 1900 provides us with a unique the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this “change”, regardless of whatever other has, results rising of land prices (and the the temperatures. Real life series, however, seldom opportunity to break it into sub-periods and obtain whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the exceed a few hundred observations at most, making usefulpotential insights byrelative examiningspeculation). their consistency (see potential relative speculation). it impossible to in construct to those Table 3), as we have already done for the mean, and weat first The term gentrification is found in the UK earlydistributions 1960s andsimilar it refers to of Table In such aearly case we are poor completely unable Thetheterm gentrification found first in the UK in 1960s and itareas refers can now uncertainty intrend these two series.

The atpeople theassess then observed ofis wealthy to3. buy property in ofto to verify the assumptions required assure areas ourselves traditional to assessing uncertainty assumes theapproach then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property intopoor London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof that there are not problems with the assessment normality and then constructs confidence intervals London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. of uncertainty. Finally, there is another even more around the mean. Such an approach cannot work for being indirectly “squeezed”. important assumption, that of also A description thisforphenomenon in the work ofindependence, Sociologistthat Ruth the percentage changes in theof DJIA three reasons. is included A description ofnot this phenomenon isfails included theand work of Sociologist Ruth to hold in true, negatively the First, GLASS the standard are constant; second, atdeviations the same period, while similar situations were recorded inaffects otherboth major task of forecasting andrecorded that of assessing uncertainty. the means also change substantially from one decade GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

For instance, it is interesting to note that between to another (seein Table 3); andcountries, finally, the distribution cities Western bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars for52.7% its more September 15 and December and 1, 2008, of the is not normal (see Fig. 6). Assessing the uncertainty Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for itsthan more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various daily fluctuations in the DJIA were greater the in the changes in Paris temperatures does not suffer comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various mean ±3 (standard deviations). In the temperature of the phenomenon the following: from interpretations the first or second problem, as the means andof gentrification, fewer big concentrations extreme of the phenomenon the following: standardinterpretations deviations are the fairly constant.

However, the of In a sense, phenomenon is due togentrification, achanges trend there of a are new category of socialofgroups values, but since 1977 we can observe that the distribution of changes is not quite normal (see Fig. 5), to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieusgreat for several reasons: high costs in money majority of such values are negative, again as there are a considerable number of extremely large and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the obliging us to question the independence of series like and small changes, while there are more values around 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruthtemperatures, GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter bornbyin which centres, seem to be also influenced sense the distributed residencies outside town search for the mean than in safety a normal curve.

Berlin, sheproblem made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: non-random runs of higher and lower temperatures.

There is an where additional when attempting services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for to assess uncertainty.

The distribution of changes lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, also varies a great deal, as can bestudies seen inregarding Fig. 11. city5.planning.

Conclusions in According 1943 she published In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and Worse, University this is true not only inofthe DJIA data, but she also continued her social research. Her public action and College London, where long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying in the temperature data.

In the 1970s, instance,for justice.

Forecasting future is neither easy DICTIONARY. nor certain. At her work are characterized byfor a passion See also:the COLLINS ENGLISH and selling real estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially ofseem partthat of the urban web,But in the distribution of Wil. the DJIA percentage changes was the same time,WIKIPEDIA: it may we have no choice.

10th edit.

COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns S. Makridakis, N. Taleb / International Journal of Forecasting 25 (2009) 716–733

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), the ancient Greek philosopher, (a) ANTISTHENIS, The distribution of daily percentage changes in the DJIA in the (b) The distribution of daily percentage changes in the DJIA in the ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), 1970s.

1980s. among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them,instay themselves there andchanges thusinold residents are (c) The indirectly distribution of daily changes the Paris temperatures in sometimes (d) The distribution of daily the Paris temperatures in being “squeezed”. the 1970s.indirectly “squeezed”. the 1980s. being A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Fig.this 11. The distribution of daily changes in the DJIAin and Pariswork temperatures.

A description of phenomenon is situations included the of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities Western bymake other Researchers. in realityinwe do have acountries, choice: we can decisions relationships are not constant, while in the great cities Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. majority cases: (a) errors not its wellmore behaved, (b) Since then, the issue severalof scholars andarefor based oninthe potential sizes andhas consequences of Since then, issue has several scholars and(c) for its more of their valiancebelow, is not constant, thevarious distribution forecasting errors, and the we can also structure our livessummarized comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being from the errors are not stable, and,from worst the of all,various (d) the errors to be robust to such errors.

In a way, which is the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: are not independent of each other. motivation of this issue, we make deep changes interpretations thecan phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups in the decision process affected by future predictions. toThis “return” to the city,the leaving purlieus paper has outlined major the theme of this for several reasons: high costs in money References and time to travel theability purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the special section of the from IJF. Our to predict 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense of issafety at with the distributed residencies outside town centres, the future limited, the obvious consequence Berlin, whereofshe made herItfirst studies.

In 1932 Goldstein, she published an important study entitled: D., & Gigerenzer, G. (2009). Fast and frugal forecasting. of high levels uncertainty. has proved such services of health, education, entertainment “atInternational the heart of the city”,25(4), (possibly) Journal of Forecasting, movements 760–772. for Youthpredictability Unemployment.

The same evidence year sheand left Germany and after continuous limited using empirical lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and NewW. York she back Grove, M., Zald, D.came H., Lebow, B. to S., London, Snitz, B.etc.

E., where & Nelson, C. four concrete data sets. Moreover, it has documented (2000).In Clinical versus prediction: A meta-analysis. in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

1950 shemechanical became teacher in the to another approach, the is due to a systematic and our inability to assess uncertainty correctly and Psychological Assessment, Her 12(1),public 19–30. action and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying reliably in real-life situations, and discussed Hogarth, R., ENGLISH & Gaba, A. (2009).

Dance with chance: her work are characterized by has a passion forthe justice.Makridakis, See also:S.,COLLINS DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of the urban web, in MakingWIKIPEDIA: luck of workpart for you.

Oxford: Oneworld. major problems involved.

Unfortunately, patterns and 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 252125 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth personal copy A description ofperiod, thisAuthor's phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, the following: S. Makridakis, N. Taleb / Internationalof Journal of Forecasting 25 (2009) 716–733 733 interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Makridakis, S., Andersen, A., Carbone, R., Fildes, R., Hibon, M., D., & McSharry, P. (2009). System economics: Overto “return” to the city, leaving the purlieusOrrell, for several reasons: high costs in money Lewandowski, R., et al. (1982). The accuracy of extrapolative coming the pitfalls of forecasting models via a multidisciand time to travel from the purlieus where work place is,Forecasting, lack of 25(4), the (time series) methods: Results of a forecasting competition.to downtown, plinary approach.

International Journal of Journal of 1.

Forecasting, 1(2), comes 111–153. from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 734–743. 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in The term sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better Makridakis, S., &where Hibon, she M. (2000).

The first M3-competition: Taleb, she N. (2007). The black The impact of the highly Berlin, made her studies. In 1932 an swan: important study entitled: services of and health, education, entertainment “at published the heart of(US) theandcity”, Results, conclusions implications.

International Journal of improbable.

Random House Penguin(possibly) (UK).

Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Forecasting, 16(4), 451–476.

Tetlock, car P. E. easier (2005). Expert political markets, judgment: How good is lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access etc. studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came to back to London, where Mandelbrot, B. (1963). The variation of certain speculative prices. it? How can we know? Princeton, NJ: Princeton University in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to 394–419. another approach, the is due a systematic and The Journal of Business, 36(4), Press.

University College of London, where sheA continued her research.

Her public and Meehl, long-term P. (1954). Clinical versus statisticalby prediction: Wright, G., & social Goodwin, P. (2009). Decision making and planning informal effort organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work by a Minneapolis, passion for justice.

See also: ENGLISH DICTIONARY. theoretical analysisare andcharacterized a review of the evidence. under low levelsCOLLINS of predictability: Enhancing the scenario and selling real estate, for theCodepreciation initially ofJournal part ofof the urban in MN: The University of Minnesota Press.etc., method.

International Forecasting, 25(4),web, 813–825.

10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

26

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 252127 11

E¶.A¶.

A¶.TO¶.

TO¶.AYT. AYT.¶EP. ¶EP.AN. AN./ R.DEC. / R.DEC.ADM. ADM.LOC. LOC.DEV. DEV.REG. REG./ R. / R.DEC. DEC.LOC. LOC.GOV. GOV.REG. REG.DEV. DEV. E¶.

GENTRIFICATION Μπορεί να αλλάξει η Ευρωπαϊκή Πολιτική; Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Του κυρίου Ναπ. ΜΑΡΑΒΕΓΙΑ Καθηγητού Ευρωπαϊκής Ολοκλήρωσης και Concerns Αντιπρύτανη του Εθνικού και Καποδιστριακού

Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Το εγχείρημα της Ευρωπαϊκής Ολοκλήρωσης πλησιάζει τα

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect εξήντα του χρόνια.(1957-2016). Ωστόσο ,όσο αυξάνονται οι χώρες – Student of the School of Architecture Technical Universityκαι of Crete μέλη που αποτελούν την Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση, τόσο αυξάνονται οι

δυσκολίες του εγχειρήματος.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept

28

1. Introductory the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC BC, Athens), Η ιδέα τηςapproach: Ενωμένης Ευρώπης συνεχίζει να- 370 συγκινεί τους ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: λαούς των χωρών της ΕΕ. Ο τρόπος, όμως, που επιχειρείταιthe η among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of theσε content concepts. ενοποίηση, φαίνεται να τους προβληματίζει, βαθμό που, όταν acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term κάποιος τουςurban ευρωπαϊκούς λαούς δημοψήφισμα 1 (and Based,από therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a καλείται first, if (in notμε final, approach, the για term gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 να αποφανθεί για τις“refining” επιλογές πολιτικών ηγεσιών του, απαντά gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the of των a cityis area, the removal (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various συνήθως αρνητικά. Έτσι, ο Γαλλικός και ο Ολλανδικός λαός ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of λαός artists, the operation of galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of αρνήθηκαν τηart Συνταγματική Συνθήκη (2005), ο Ιρλανδικός the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the χρειάστηκε να ψηφίσει δύο φορές για να αποδεχθεί τη Συνθήκη τηςof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Λισαβόνας,(2009) ενώ το αποκορύφωμα της άρνησης της potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Ευρωπαϊκής Ολοκλήρωσης ήρθε με το πρόσφατο δημοψήφισμα στη The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto Βρετανία.(23.6.2016) the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Προφανώς, στην αρνητική στάση των πολιτών σε διάφορες being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ευρωπαϊκές χώρες παίζουν isσημαντικό συγκυριακοί A description ofperiod, this phenomenon included inwere the ρόλο work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations recorded in other major παράγοντες και ζητήματα εσωτερικής πολιτικής (ανεργία, GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, byμετανάστες, other Researchers. κοινωνικές οικονομική δυσπραγία Since then,ανισότητες, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its κ.α.), more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach being summarized from όμως και ο τρόπος πουare προχωρεί η ευρωπαϊκή ολοκλήρωση δεν comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: φαίνεται να εγκρίνεται από τους Ευρωπαίους πολίτες. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Η διάσταση μεταξύ διακηρύξεων της Ευρωπαϊκής to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costsΈνωσης in money and to travel fromεπιτευγμάτων the purlieus to downtown, where workτης place is, lack of the και time πραγματικών για τη βελτίωση καθημερινής 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside townΗcentres, for ζωής των ευρωπαίων πολιτών μεγαλώνει. Ε.Ε.GLASS εμφανίζεται Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the (possibly) αδύναμη να αντιμετωπίσει οικονομική τωνcity”, τελευταίων Youth Unemployment.

The same yearτην she left Germany andκρίση after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her workΤο areκείμενο characterized a passion for justice. also: COLLINS DICTIONARY. αυτόbyαποτελεί μέρος τηςSeeεισαγωγής τουENGLISH νέου συλλογικού and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: βιβλίου με επιμέλεια του Ναπ. Μαραβέγια με τίτλο «ΕΥΡΩΠΑΙΚΗ ΕΝΩΣΗ G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Δημιουργία, Εξέλιξη, Προοπτικές» Εκδ . Κριτική , Αθήνα 2016.

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ετών Definition, με την αρμόζουσα γενναιοδωρία από την πλευρά των GENTRIFICATION Types of Intervention, πλουσιότερων χωρών– μελών έναντι των φτωχότερων, ενώ Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification ταυτόχρονα, αποδεικνύεται ανίκανη να αντιμετωπίσει το προσφυγικό ζήτημα.

Concerns

Καθώς ένα όλο και μεγαλύτερο μέρος των ευρωπαίων πολιτών ανησυχεί για το μέλλον μπροστά στην αυξανόμενη

By Mr.του George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ανεργία, τη ΄΄φτωχοποίηση΄΄ και τοGraduate φόβο School των of μεταναστών, ο Harvard University, Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS λαϊκισμός και η δημαγωγία βρίσκουν εύφορο έδαφος σχεδόν Architect σ’ όλες Student of the School of Architecture τις χώρες – μέλη. Αναδεικνύονται, έτσι, ηγέτες που υπόσχονται Technical University of Crete ΄΄παραδείσους΄΄, αρκεί να επιστρέψουμε στα εθνικά κράτη, αφού Introductory Defining the concept για1. όλα σχεδόνapproach: τα ΄΄δεινά΄΄ φταίει η Ευρωπαϊκή ολοκλήρωση. Η 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), απλοποίηση των προβλημάτων και οι concept υποσχέσεις για- μαγικές λύσεις ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the αποτελούν τα βασικά στοιχεία του λαϊκισμού. Η δαιμονοποίηση της among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Ευρωπαϊκής Ολοκλήρωσης προσφέρεται για ΄΄άγρα΄΄ των acquisition of knowledge starts with the the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term Ευρωπαίων πολιτών –gentrification) ψηφοφόρων σεPlanning) επισφαλή 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated aπου first, βρίσκονται if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban area of (or gentrification 1 οικονομική κατάσταση . gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), ofΑπό social groups, of low-income andthe theremoval placement την άλληusually πλευρά μπορεί η Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση να ofπείσει ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of ότι βρίσκεται σε μια πορεία που ανταποκρίνεται στις προσδοκίες the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof της πλειονότητας των Ευρωπαίων Πολιτών; φαίνεται να το whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also risingΔεν of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). επιτυγχάνει, όχι μόνο isεπειδή The term gentrification found atδεν first έχει in theεπικοινωνιακή UK in early 1960s στρατηγική, and it refers to Theεπειδή term gentrification foundαπογυμνωθεί atpeople first in the UKαπό in early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend ofisέχει wealthy to buy property inπολιτικό poor ofto αλλά πράγματι κάθε και the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents are ιδεολογικό περιεχόμενο περιοριζόμενη σε μια οικονομικήof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ΄΄τεχνοκρατική΄΄ διαχείριση. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, similar in otherχωρίς major Αλλά καιofαυτή ηwhile οικονομική τεχνοκρατική διαχείριση GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western other Researchers. ιδεολογικό καιcountries, πολιτικόbyπεριεχόμενο φαίνεται να μην υπολογίζει τις cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several περιοχών scholars and its more ανάγκες των λιγότερο ευνοημένων χωρών, καιfor πολιτών, Since then, the issue has several below, scholars and for its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from the various αλλά να προτάσσει αποκλειστικά σχεδόν την ανταγωνιστικότητα comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: της οικονομίας.

Inευρωπαϊκής a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving από the purlieus for severalρύθμιση reasons: high in money Η μεγάλη στροφή την κευνσιανή τηςcosts Οικονομίας and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the προς safety ταtermνεοφιλελεύθερα προτάγματα των οικονομικών τηςin from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born sense1.ofThe atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she first studies. In 1932 published an important study entitled: προσφοράς, μεmade τηνherαπορρύθμιση τουshe προστατευτικού κοινωνικού services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for πλαισίου και την υποβάθμιση του κοινωνικού κράτους από την lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where in According 1943 sheτου published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in to ’80, another approach, the is των due a systematic and δεκαετία οδηγεί σε τεράστια αύξηση ανισοτήτων σεthe University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying όλες σχεδόν τις χώρεςbyσε παγκόσμια κλίμακα. her work are characterized a passion for justice.

See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

30

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with κανόνων theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, on this “principle” a first,γερμανικής if of not final, approach, the term Η therefore, αυστηρή τήρηση των έμπνευσης από 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification όλες τις χώρες της ευρωζώνης, χωρίς ουσιαστική συναίνεση της 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) gentrification (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various πλειοψηφίας των πολιτών τους, για τη διαχείριση των δημοσίων Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, οικονομικών και τουusually κοινού νομίσματος, την there οικονομική ways), of social groups, of low-income and εντείνει thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless δυσπραγία των πολλών και ΄΄στραγγαλίζει΄΄ τις δυνατότητες whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has,στις results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative άσκησης κοινωνικής πολιτικής λιγότερο αποδοτικές οικονομίες potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is foundΝότου. at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to των χωρών του ευρωπαϊκού The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend people to there buy ούτε property in poor areas Ωστόσο, τίποτα δενwealthy είναι sometimes αναλλοίωτο νομοτελειακό. Ηof London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents are London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. πολιτική έχει πολλές δυνατότητες. Η οικονομία δεν έχει being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included the work of Sociologist Ruth ΄΄σιδερένιους΄΄ νόμους που δεν μπορούν ναinαλλάξουν.

A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Παρά την πίεση που ασκεί η προϊούσα παγκοσμιοποίηση, η cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, the issue hasτους preoccupied several scholars and forδιεθνούς its more οποία επιβάλλει περιορισμούς της Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various more comprehensive approach are being summarized from ανταγωνιστικότητας, υπάρχουν εναλλακτικές λύσεις. its Αυτές, comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, theΚράτος following:και η άνοδος προφανώς, δεν είναι η επιστροφή στο Εθνικό interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups των εθνικισμών που οδηγεί στη σύγκρουση, όπως συνέβη στο to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Μεσοπόλεμο. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Προφανώς εξαρτάται των Berlin, where she made her first studies. In από 1932 sheτους publishedσυσχετισμούς an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and after continuous οικονομικών, κοινωνικών και πολιτικών δυνάμεων σεmarkets, εθνικόetc.και lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, where διεθνές επίπεδο πόσο και πότε θα αλλάξει η ευρωπαϊκή πολιτική in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research.

Her public and προς τηνinformal κατεύθυνση του εκδημοκρατισμού και τηςbrokers αλληλεγγύης long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in μεταξύ ευρωπαϊκών κρατώνμελών . WIKIPEDIA: 10th edit.των Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, ΤΕΧΝΕΣ ΚΑΙ ΠΟΛΙΤΙΣΜΟΣ ΣΤΑ ΙΟΝΙΑ ΝΗΣΙΑ Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Η ΠΡΟΣΦΟΡΑ ΤΟΥ ΤΕΧΝΟΛΟΓΙΚΟΥ ΕΚΠΑΙΔΕΥΤΙΚΟΥ Concerns ΙΔΡΥΜΑΤΟΣ ΙΟΝΙΩΝ ΝΗΣΩΝ Του Ιωάν. ΔΡΑΓΩΝΑ

By Mr.Καθηγητού George-Sp. C.κ.ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School Design, Νήσων Student, Προέδρου Τ.Ε.Ι.ofΙονίων

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

Το Τεχνολογικό Εκπαιδευτικό Ίδρυμα Ιονίων Νήσων, συνεχίζει

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept με αμείωτο ενδιαφέρον την προσπάθεια γύρω από την έρευνα και 1. Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), την ANTISTHENIS, ανάδειξη τουheritage επτανησιακού πολιτισμού. the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Η ενασχόληση του Ιδρύματος μας με θέματα του πολιτισμού, acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term επιβάλλεται, εφ’ urban όσον τα“principle” γνωστικάisinαντικείμενα των τμημάτων 1 (and Based, therefore, on this a first, if (in notthe final, approach, theμας, term gentrification) indicated area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in the area of Planning) (or μεταξύ άλλων, αφορούν την τέχνη μεfrom τηνthis, τεχνολογία, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityσυνδυασμένη the removal (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups,και usually of low-income the placement there of artists, την αναγνώριση διαχείριση τηςand πολιτισμικής κληρονομιάς ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of καθώς και την αποκατάσταση και προστασία μνημείων και έργων the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative τέχνης. potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Η προσπάθεια έχει ωςinαποδέκτες πέρα από τους The term gentrification found atpeople first the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend αυτή ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas φοιτητές και το εκπαιδευτικό μας προσωπικό, τηνthus τοπική αλλά και London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ευρύτερη κοινωνία. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth AΗ description ofperiod, this is situations included inwere theξεκίνησε work of Sociologist Ruth τηςphenomenon επτανησιακής τέχνης στην GLASS atανάδειξη the same while similar recorded inχάρη other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. πρωτοβουλία της προηγούμενης Διοικούσας Επιτροπής και τον cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Πρόεδρό της Καθηγητή, κ. Μαραβέγια μεfrom τη Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andδημιουργία for various its more comprehensive approach areΝαπολέοντα being summarized below, the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, theκαι following: του κέντρου Κων/νος Παρθένης στον όμορφο ιστορικό τόπο της interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups Πεσσάδας, που βρισκόμαστε σήμερα. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Η αποψινή βραδιά αποτελεί συνέχειαwhere της εκδήλωσης and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, work place is,«Η lackτέχνη of the 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for της επτανησιακής σχολής τον 18 και 19 αιώνα», η οποία είχε λάβει Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment.

Theτου sameΠανεπιστημίου year she left Germany and after«Κωστής continuous Παλαμάς» χώρα στηνcost αίθουσα Αθηνών lower living of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, in According 1943 she published studies cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher και in the to another approach, the is επιστημονικής due a systematic and και συγκέντρωσε τοregarding ενδιαφέρον της University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying εκπαιδευτικής κοινότητας. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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ΗDefinition, επαφή τουGENTRIFICATION Τεχνολογικού Ιδρύματος με τον TypesΕκπαιδευτικού of Intervention, πολιτισμό των Επτανήσων ξεκίνησε αρχικά σε συνεργασία με τις Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification τοπικές κοινωνίες των νησιών μας, επεκτάθηκε σε επιστημονικούς Concerns και καλλιτεχνικούς φορείς και τώρα κορυφώνεται με την κατάρτιση συμφώνων συνεργασίας με εκπαιδευτικούς φορείς όπως το Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιά, το By Πάντειο Πανεπιστήμιο, το Ιόνιο Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Πανεπιστήμιο και το ΤΕΙ Αθήνας. Η συνεργασία μας δεArchitect αυτή

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Student of the School of Architecture επεκτείνεται και σε ευρωπαϊκά Πανεπιστήμια.

Technical University of Crete Το Ίδρυμά μας που είναι το πνευματικό τέκνο του επιφανούς 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept οραματιστή Κεφαλλονίτη, Υπουργού Γεράσιμου Αρσένη, ιδρύθηκε 1. Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), για ANTISTHENIS, να other υλοποιήσει τις του επτανησιακού για the προσδοκίες ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCελληνισμού -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among wise heritage he left us, he established a great the among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. τεχνολογική πρόοδο, εκπαίδευση, καινοτομία και ανάπτυξη. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Προσδίδουμε σημασία εξωστρέφεια 1 (and urban Based, therefore, onμεγάλη this “principle” inindicated a first,στην if (in notthe final, approach, theτου term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (inόσμωση thefrom areathis, ofμε Planning) (or Ιδρύματος μας στην ανάγκη διαρκή το Sociology as well), asκαι the “refining” of a cityγια the removal (inόσο various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, δυνατόν κομμάτι κοινωνίας. ways), of μεγαλύτερο social groups, usually of της low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of Πρόσφατα άλλωστε, είχαμε την ιδιαίτερη τιμή ναof the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the whatever otherspeculation). consequences has,της results also rising ofκαι landΚαθηγητή prices (and κ. the potential relative αναγορεύσουμε τον Πρόεδρο Δημοκρατίας potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Προκόπη Παυλόπουλο επίτιμο Καθηγητή ΤΕΙ1960s Ιονίων νήσων, The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK του in early and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofσε to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy people buyΙδρύματος. property in poor areas γεγονός που ενίσχυσε τοsometimes κύροςtoτου London, upgrade them, stayθεσμικά themselves there and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Ηindirectly δύσκολη εποχή την οποία διανύουμε μας καλεί να being “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth προσαρμοστούμε στις νέες συνθήκες και ανάγκες γιαmajor να GLASS at the same while similar in other GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. συμβάλλουμε αποτελεσματικά στην πρόοδο και την εξέλιξη της cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more χώρας.

Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, the following: Η ορθολογική αξιοποίησηofτων περιορισμένων οικονομικών μας interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups πόρων, η συνεχής και επίμονη δραστηριότητά γύρω από τα θέματα to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money η τελευταία θετική τηςtime έρευνας του πολιτισμού, καθώςwhere και work and to travelκαι from the purlieus to downtown, place is, lack of the 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS was sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better εξωτερική αξιολόγηση, μας επιτρέπουν να αισιοδοξούμε καιborn ναin Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment.

The same year sheκαι left Germany and after continuous ελπίζουμε, ότιof, η “withdrawal” πολιτεία αλλά η επτανησιακή κοινωνία θαetc. μας lower living cost from private car easier access to markets, studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheενδιαφέρον teacher την in the to another the is due tobecame a systematic and ενισχύσουν ώστε ναapproach, συνεχίσουμε, με αμείωτο University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying προσπάθεια μας. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

32

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, Το Τεχνολογικό Εκπαιδευτικό Ίδρυμα(444 νήσων έχει ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established aΙονίων great the among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. αποδείξει εμπράκτως την τεράστια δυναμική του όπως acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term αποτυπώνεται από την ιδιαιτέρως Αξιολόγηση 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first,θετική if (in notthe final, approach, theπου term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in the areathis, of Planning) (or συνέταξαν πρόσφατα διακεκριμένοι Έλληνες και Ξένοι αξιολογητές.

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal from (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, of low-income and τη the placement there of artists, Αποτελεί χρέος μαςusually να αξιοποιήσουμε δυναμική αυτή ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of προς artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of όφελος της ακαδημαϊκής μας κοινότητας και των τοπικών the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever other consequences potential relative κοινωνιών τωνspeculation). νησιών μας. has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Για άλλη μια φορά, θέλουμε να inεκφράσουμε την ευγνωμοσύνη The term gentrification found atpeople first the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the απέναντι then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas μας στην οικογένεια του αείμνηστου Γεράσιμου Αρσένη, ηof London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. οποία γενναιόδωρα καθιέρωσε τραπεζικό λογαριασμό στη μνήμη being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the του, work με of Sociologist Ruth τουAγια χορήγηση υποτροφιών στο όνομά αποτέλεσμα GLASS atτην the same while similar recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other να συγκεντρωθεί το ποσό τωνResearchers.

50.000 ευρώ περίπου. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Η προσφορά αυτήhas θαpreoccupied αξιοποιηθεί επωφελώς για τηνthe ανάδειξη Since then, the issue several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, του Ιδρύματος προάγοντας την αριστεία the καιfollowing: τη διεύρυνσηvarious των interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups ακαδημαϊκών οριζόντων των φοιτητών μας. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Σαςtoευχαριστώ καιpurlieus σας εύχομαι να απολαύσετε το αποψινό and time travel from the to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS for wasbetter born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search ταξίδι στους δρόμους της επτανησιακής επιστήμης και τέχνης, μέσα Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment.

The same year she leftακολουθούν.

Germany and after continuous movements for από τα κείμενα των ομιλητών που lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 sheευχαριστώ published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and . Σας πολύ University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Προσλαλιά σε Συνέδριο περί Ιονίων Νήσων, Πεσσάδα, 2016.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 252133 11

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Επεβλήθησαν GENTRIFICATION Definition, Typesοικονομικώς… of Intervention, Σχέσεις Κύπρου - Κεφαλληνίας Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Concerns Του κ. Γιώργου ΓΕΩΡΓΗ Καθηγητού Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφου πρώην Πρέσβη της Κύπρου στην Ελλάδα

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Ο Κεφαλλήν είναι τολμηρός, ριψοκίνδυνος, φιλότιμος, τοπικιστής,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect ευφυέστατος, αποφασιστικότατος και εργατικότατος…. Είναι κατ’ εξοχήν Student of the School of Architecture of Crete αποδημητικός, η δε τάσις του προς το ταξιδεύειν καιTechnical προς την University περιπέτειαν δια

την δημιουργίαν καλυτέρας τύχης αποτελεί την κυριωτέραν ιδιότητα του 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept χαρακτήρος των. Παροικίαι Κεφαλλήνων ευρίσκονται πανταχού σχεδόν της 1. Introductory approach: the concept the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BCνα - 370 BC, Athens), γης,ANTISTHENIS, ιδίως όμως οι Κεφαλλήνες μετανάσται κατώρθωσαν δράσουν και να ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the επιβληθούν οικονομικώς εις Κωνσταντινούπολιν, εις τα παράλια της among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Ρουμανίας και τα on εμπορικά κέντρα του Δουνάβεως, ειςapproach, ταofπαράλια του acquisition of knowledge starts with thein definition the content concepts.

Based, therefore, this “principle” a first, if of not final, the term ρωσικού Ευξείνου Πόντου, εις την Αίγυπτον, Σουδάν, Λονδίνον και άλλας 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and παραλίους της Ευρώπης, Αυστραλίαν, Ινδίαν, νότιον gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (inΜαδαγασκάρην, thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology asπόλεις well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Αφρικήν, Αβησσυνίαν, Βόρειον Αμερικήν και αλλαχού. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Επίσης επεβλήθησαν οικονομικώς και επιστημονικώς οι the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other Κεφαλλήνες consequencesεις has,την results also rising of landδε prices (and και theof αποδημούντες Ελλάδα, υπάρχουν πυκναί whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). ακμάζουσαι παροικίαι Κεφαλλήνων εις Αθήνας, Πειραιά, Πάτραν, Αίγιον, potential relative speculation).

The term gentrificationΒόλον, is found at first in και the UK in 1early 1960s and it refers to . Πύργον, Θεσσαλονίκην, Κέρκυραν αλλού The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to

the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof Ετσι περιγράφει στη Μεγάλη Ελληνική Εγκυκλοπαίδεια ο London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. δημοσιογράφος Φαλτάϊτς το χαρακτήρα των κατοίκων Ruth της being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description ofΚώστας this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Κεφαλληνίας και την κεφαλληνιακή αποδημία. Στις κεφαλληνιακές GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major παροικίες πρέπει να by προστεθεί η Κύπρος. Ο μεγάλος κύπριος cities in Western countries, other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more ιστοριοδίφης και μελετητής Αριστείδης Κουδουνάρης με τις μελέτες Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various του για την επτανησιακή σύνθεση του κυπριακού πληθυσμού καιmore τις comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: μονογραφίες του για τους Επτανησίους της Κύπρου έχει καταδείξει τη interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups σημαντική και σημαίνουσα παρουσία των Επτανησίων στη Κύπρο, που to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money αποτέλεσαν τον πυρήνα για τη δημιουργία όχι μόνο της πρώιμης and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the κυπριακής αστικής αλλά και μιας τοπικής 1.of The termat comes from τάξης Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for was born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town ιδιόμορφης centres, better Berlin, where she made her first studies.αριθμός In 1932 she published an important study entitled: αριστοκρατίας. Ο μεγαλύτερος των Επτανησίων της Κύπρου services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for 2. Χαρακτηριστικά στο μητρώο των προέρχεται από την Κεφαλλονιά lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying 1 are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. her work Μεγάλη Ελληνική τόμος initially ΙΔ, σ. 304.of part of the urban web, in and selling real estate, etc.,Εγκυκλοπαίδεια, for the depreciation 10th edit.

2 Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Αριστείδης Κουδουνάρης, «Η κάθοδος των Επτανησίω εις Κύπρον»,(actually Πρακτικά G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”,

34

Β΄ Διεθνούς Κυπριολογικού Συνεδρίου, τόμος Γ., Λευκωσία, 1987, σ. 77 - 91, βλ. σ. 89.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Ιονίων Υπηκόων που παραδόθηκε από το Βρετανικό στο Ελληνικό Προξενείο το 1864, αμέσως μετά την παραχώρηση της Επτανήσου στην Ελλάδα καταγράφονται 207 Ιόνιοι, 85 από την Κεφαλλονιά, 46 από τη Ζάκυνθο, 34 από τα Κύθηρα, 21 από την Κέρκυρα, 17 από τους Παξούς και μόνο 4 από την Λευκάδα. Η Κύπρος ήταν οικείος χώρος για το ναυτικό και εμπορικό Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS κόσμο της Κεφαλλονιάς και της By γειτονικής Ιθάκης. Ήδη από τα μέσα ου Harvard University, Graduate School Design, Student, Κύπρου ως του 18 αιώνα οι Κεφαλλονίτες δρουν στα παράλια ofτης

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect έμποροι και πειρατές. Το 1749 ο θιακός καπετάνιος Δημήτρης Student of the School of Architecture Βλασσόπουλος, κυβερνήτης της κέκιας «Οι δυο Technical προφήτες Σαμουήλ και University of Crete Δανιήλ», πλοιοκτήτης ένας εβραίος της Βενετίας, ταξιδεύει στην Κύπρο, Introductory Defining theτο concept 3 ενώ με 1.πλήρωμα απόapproach: Επτανήσιους 1782 ταξίδεψε στην Κύπρο η 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, theτων ancient Greek philosopher, νεότευκτη πολάκα αδελφών Ιωάννη και Πιέρου Κουντούρη ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the «Παναγιά Αγρήλης και Άγιος Νικόλαος» με καπετάνιοBC το-“principle”: Σπύρο Ιωάννη among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content of concepts.

4. Το 1791 οι Κουντούρη, γιο του starts ενός with απόthe τους πλοιοκτήτες acquisition of knowledge the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term κεφαλλονίτες Ανδρέας isinindicated και Λυκιαρδόπουλος 1 (andαδερφοί Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, Φώτης if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 επεκτείνουν την επαναστατική δράση του Λάμπρου Κατσώνη μέχρι την gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Κύπρο. Με ορμητήριο τη Λάρνακα και έχοντας υψώσει στα πλοία τους Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, 5.there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement τη ρωσική σημαία ασκούν πειρατεία στα νερά της Κύπρου the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, whatever consequencesχρησιμοποιούσαν has, results also rising of land prices (and theof Οιother Κεφαλλονίτες διάφορα είδηregardless πλοίων, whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices the potential relative speculation). μπριγκαντίνια, νάβες, καραβέλλες, κέκιες και πολάκες αλλά (and ο πιο potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in theπου UK in early andτον it refers to ο αιώνα είχαν διαδεδομένος τύπος ήταν η μαρτσιλιάνα στο 181960s The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor στη τουςtrend κυρίωςwealthy κεφαλλονίτες καραβοκύρηδες. the διαχείρισή then observed people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof Ταupgrade κεφαλλονίτικα καράβια μεταφέρουν από σκάλα London, them, stay themselves sometimes there andτην thusΚύπρο, old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. των ταξιδιών τους προς την Ανατολή, κυρίως αλάτι αλλά και καλό being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth κρασί, ζάχαρη και βαμβάκι.

A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Οι Κεφαλλονίτες όπως και οι άλλοι Επτανήσιοι που cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other ήResearchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and forμέχρι its more προσέγγιζαν, εγκαταστάθηκαν εμπορεύονταν στη Κύπρο το Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various 1797 ως βενετσιάνοι υπήκοοι, σούδιτοι προστατεύονταν από τις comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: Διομολογήσεις. Οι αλλαγές κυριαρχίας δεν επηρέασαν το προνομιακό interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: social groups In a sense,κάτω theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend ofστα a new καθεστώς από το οποίο διετελούσαν εδάφη τηςofΟθωμανικής to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Αυτοκρατορίας. Από προστατευόμενοι της Ενετίας έγιναν για λίγο and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the γάλλοι και στη συνέχεια Ιόνιοι υπήκοοι, γάλλοι ξανά, προστατευόμενοι 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, search Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: της Βρετανίας από το 1814 μέχρι το 1864 και στο τέλος έλληνες services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for

lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and 3 ος University College London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her action Νίκος Στ. of Βλασόπουλος, Ιόνιοι έμποροι και Καραβοκύρηδες στη public Μεσόγειο, 16and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying ος work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. αιώνας, Αθήνα 2001, σ. for 184.

- her 18 selling and real estate, etc., the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

4 Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Στο ίδιο, σ.

187.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 5 Στο ίδιο, σ. 130.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

υπήκοοι. Η διαρκής ευρωπαϊκή προνομία την οποία απολάμβαναν από πολύ ενωρίς έδωσε την ευκαιρία για την οικονομική και κοινωνική ανάπτυξή τους στις περιοχές όπου είχαν εγκατασταθεί. Ανάμεσα στους Κεφαλλήνες που εγκαταστάθηκαν στη Κύπρο ξεχωρίζουν τα μέλη των οικογενειών Καρύδη, Βαλσαμάκη, Βοντιτσιάνου, Περιστιάνη και Αγγελάτου. Πρόκειται για οικογένειες By πλούτο Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS που μονοπώλησαν για χρόνια τον και ταC. προξενικά αξιώματα Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, στην Κύπρο και βαθμιαία κυπροποιήθηκαν, ως εξέχοντα πάντα μέλη

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect της ελληνικής κοινότητας του νησιού.

Student of the School of Architecture Πρώτη φαίνεται ότι εγκαταστάθηκε στην ΚύπροUniversity η οικογένεια Technical of Crete Καρύδη, από το Ληξούρι, στις αρχές του 18ου αιώνα6. Οι Καρύδηδες 1. Introductory Defining the concept υπηρέτησαν σε approach: διάφορες προξενικές θέσεις και συνδέθηκαν με 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, επιγαμίες με τις the σημαντικότερες κυπριακές οικογένειες. Εξέχουσα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he-left us, he established a great the μορφή, ο Κωνσταντίνος Αθανάσιος Καρύδης, οBCοποίος το 1773 among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. χειροτονήθηκε στο ναό της the Σκαρίνου ιεροδιάκονος από τον acquisition of knowledge starts with the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term Μητροπολίτη Κιτίου Αργότερα χειροτονήθηκε σε επίσκοπο 1 (and Based, therefore, onΜακάριο. this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Λιβύης και το 1794 εξελέγη Μητροπολίτης Νικομηδείας, όπου ανέπτυξε gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various σημαντικό κοινωφελές και εκπαιδευτικό έργο για μια τριακονταετία.

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income thethis placement there of artists, Συνοδικός στη Κωνσταντινούπολη τοand1821 συνυπέγραψε τον the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever otherτον consequences results also risingΥψηλάντη. of land prices (andτην theof Φεβρουάριο, αφορισμόhas, του Αλεξάνδρου Μετά whatever other consequences results also συνελήφθη rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). έναρξη της επανάστασης στηνhas, Πελοπόννησο μαζί με άλλους potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found first in theτης UKΚωνσταντινούπολης in early 1960s and it refers to επισκόπους και κλείσθηκε στιςatφυλακές μαζί The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor με μητροπολίτες Εφέσου Διονύσιο καιbuy Αγχιάλου Ευγένιο, όπουof theτους then observed trend wealthy people to in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes thereproperty and thus old residents are υπέστησαν φρικτά βασανιστήρια.

10 Απριλίου 1821 μετά London, upgrade them, stay themselvesΣτις sometimes there and thus αμέσως old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. τον απαγχονισμό του Πατριάρχη Γρηγορίου του Ε΄ οι τρεις being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth φυλακισμένοι ιεράρχες οδηγήθηκαν από το δεσμωτήριο προςmajor την A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major κιγκλιδωτή πύλη μέσα by σεother προπηλακισμούς cities in Western countries, Researchers. και δοκιμασίες. Λίγο πριν cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more την άφιξη στο χώρο της Researchers. εκτέλεσης ο κυπροκεφαλλονίτης Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from εθνομάρτυρας προσευχόταν: comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the of gentrification, «Θεέ μου, μηphenomenon με παραδώση εις τα ικρίαthe ναfollowing: με βασανίσουν μέχρι interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense,αναπνοής, theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trend of aπαρακαλώ new of social groups τελευταίας αλλάisπαράλαβε τώρα την ψυχήν μου to “return” to the city, leaving7 the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money εις χείρας Σου εν ειρήνη» . and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Εξέπνευσε πριν φτάσουν στοGLASS, χώρο της αγχόνης δήμιοι termat comes from Sociologist Ruth 1912-1940.

Ruthαλλά GLASSοι was born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better Berlin, where she madeκαι herνεκρό. first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: του τον κρέμασαν services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for

lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying 6 are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. her work Αριστείδης Κουδουνάρης, Μερικαί Παλαιαί Οικογένειαι τηςofΚύπρου, Λευκωσία and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 1972, σ.

41.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 7

36

Στο ίδιο, σ. 47.

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Η ελληνικήGENTRIFICATION εκκλησία για of λόγους πολιτικής κι εθνικής Definition, Types Intervention, σκοπιμότητας αγιοποίησε τον Πατριάρχη Γρηγόριο Ε΄ αλλά παρέλειψε Definition, ofτου. intervention, Concerns of Gentrification να συμπεριλάβει τους τρεις Types συμμάρτυρές Οι Καρύδηδες συγγένεψαν εξ αγχιστείας με την άλλη ισχυρή Concerns κεφαλλονίτικη οικογένεια της Κύπρου, τους Βοντιτσιάνους, με το γάμο

της Θέκλας Καρύδη, κόρης του Παύλου, με τον Αντώνιο Βοντιτσιάνο.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Οι Βοντιτσιάνοι ήσαν αριστοκρατική οικογένεια της Άσσου8. Ο University, Graduate School το of Design, Student, Αντώνιος Βοντιτσιάνος,Harvard γιος του Παύλου γεννημένος 1755, μάλλον

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect στο Ληξούρι, σπούδασε στο Παρίσι καιStudent στο Λονδίνο εργάστηκε στη of the School of Architecture Βρετανική Πρεσβεία στην Κωνσταντινούπολη και το of 1799 Technical University Crete τοποθετήθηκε καγκελάριος και στη συνέχεια υποπρόξενος επικεφαλής approach: Defining the concept του1. Introductory αγγλικού προξενείου στη Λάρνακα της Κύπρου. Διατήρησε την 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, theμέχρι ancient philosopher, προξενική του θέση το Greek θάνατό του το 1838 και υπήρξε κορυφαία ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise της heritage he left us,τέσσερεις he established a great the ου προσωπικότητα Κύπρου στις πρώτες δεκαετίες του 19 among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. αιώνα. Ασχολήθηκε με το εμπόριο και η οικονομική του επιφάνεια ήταν acquisition of knowledge starts with the the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term τόσο μεγάλη ώστεurban να την Αρχιεπισκοπή Κύπρου. Ως πρόξενος 1 (and Based, therefore, on δανείζει this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 της Βρετανίας πρόσφερε πολύτιμες υπηρεσίες στους Χριστιανούς του gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various νησιού κατά την περίοδο του κατατρεγμού και των σφαγών τον Ιούλιο Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of τη low-income and thethis placement ofκόρες, artists, του 1821. Από τοgalleries, γάμο του με Θέκλα Καρύδη απέκτησε επτά the operation of art restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has, rising of οι land prices (and theof τρεις απόother τις οποίες πέθαναν σεresults μικρήalso ηλικία ενώ άλλες τέσσερεις whatever otherεπιφανείς consequences has, results also risingαρχοντολογίου. of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). παντρεύτηκαν γόνους του κυπριακού Στην potential relative speculation).

The term gentrificationτον is found at firstΒοντιτσιάνο in the UK in early and it refers to Κύπρο ακολούθησαν Αντώνιο και 1960s εγκαταστάθηκαν The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor στη Λάρνακα, ο νεότερος αδελφός του to Ανδρέας, πλούσιος έμπορος the then observed trend wealthy people buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof στην πόλη, ο οποίος διετέλεσε περιόδους της London, upgrade them, stay themselvesκατά sometimes there andυποπρόξενος thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Ρωσίας και του Ηνωμένου Βασιλείου της Σουηδίας και Νορβηγίας being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth καθώς και ο same ανηψιός Ανδρέας, του πρωτότοκου αδελφού του A description ofperiod, thisτου phenomenon isγιος included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the while similar situations in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Παναγή. Ο Νικόλαος Βοντιτσιάνος, γεννημένος στο Ληξούρι το 1806, cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then,οthe issue has scholars andαπό for its όταν πέθανε πατέρας του κλήθηκε τοseveral 1827 στην Κύπρο τοmore θείο Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various του, ο οποίος τον υιοθέτησε, του παραχώρησε το μεγάλο τσιφλίκι των comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations the phenomenon Βοντιτσιάνωνofστην Ορμηδεια. of gentrification, the following: interpretations of the phenomenon the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Ενας άλλος Βοντιτσιάνος, συγγενής τωνcategory πρώτων, ο γιατρός to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Πέτρος - Παύλος Βοντιτσιάνος εγκαταστάθηκε στη Λάρνακα το 1772, and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the όπου νυμφεύθηκε τη Sociologist κόρηresidencies του πρόξενου της Βενετίας Μπερνάντο 1.of The termat comes from Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Καπράρα. Η μοναχοκόρη του Αννέτα παντρεύτηκε το γιατρό services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Κωνσταντίνο γιοfrom του Κεφαλλονίτη εμπόρου στη Λάρνακα lower living costΒαλσαμάκη, of, in “withdrawal” private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying 8 are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. her work Κωνσταντίνος Μυριανθόπουλος, Χατζηγεωργάκις Κορνέσιος, ο Διερμηνεύς and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web,της in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Κύπρου, 1799 1805, ήτοι Συμβολαί εις την Ιστορίαν της Κύπρου επί Τουρκοκρατίας G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

(1579 - 1878), Λευκωσία 1934, σ. 220.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

38

Ηλία Βαλσαμάκη. Ο γιός του Ηλία Βαλσαμάκη και της Αννέτας Βοντιτσιάνου Παύλος σπούδασε γιατρός στην Πίζα και άσκησε την ιατρική στη Λάρνακα. Το 1828 διορίστηκε από την Ιερά Σύνοδο και τους προύχοντες της Κύπρου μέλος της Τριμελούς αντιπροσωπείας, μαζί με το Δημήτριο Φραγκούδη και το Χαράλαμπο Μάλη, που επισκέφθηκε τον Κυβερνήτη Ιωάννη Καποδίστρια και επέδωσε γραπτό By στο Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS αίτημα για περίληψη της Κύπρου αρτισύστατο ελληνικό κράτος.

Harvard University, Graduate School Design, Student, Τα σχετικά έγγραφα μετέφερε στη Πελοπόννησο ο ofίδιος ο Παύλος

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Βαλσαμάκης, που ως Ιόνιος Άγγλος προστατευόμενος, μπορούσε να Student of the School of Architecture ταξιδεύει ελεύθερα εκτός Κύπρου. Οι Βαλσαμάκηδες διακρίθηκαν ως Technical University of Crete έμποροι και γιατροί και όπως και οι άλλοι Επτανήσιοι του νησιού με τις 1. Introductory approach:κυπροποιήθηκαν Defining the concept επιγαμιες τους βαθμιαία και συνδέθηκαν με τις άλλες 1.

Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greekοικογένειες philosopher, κυπροποιημένες επτανησιακές αλλά και κυπριακές ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established great the οικογένειες που ξεχώριζαν με τον πλούτο και aτην κοινωνική τους among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. δράση. Στους τελευταίους γόνους της οικογένειας περιλαμβάνεται ο acquisition of knowledge starts with thein definition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term διαπρεπής ζωγράφος, πρύτανης τηςisinΑνώτατης Σχολής Καλών Τεχνών 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if (in not final, approach, the term gentrification) indicated the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Γιώργος Μαυροΐδης. Ο ομώνυμος παππούς του καταγόταν από τα gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Κύθηρα και είχε νυμφευθεί τη Ρεβέκκα Βαλσαμάκη.

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, Με την ίδρυση τηςrestaurants, Επτανησιακής Πολιτείας υπήρξε there μέριμνα για the operation of art galleries, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising land prices (and the την προξενική της ανιτπροσώπευση ώστε ναofδιασφαλιστούν ταof whatever otherτης consequences results also risingεμπόρων of land prices the potential relative speculation). συμφέροντα ιονικής has, ναυτιλίας, των και(and των potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UKεδάφη in early 1960s it refers to επτανησιακών παροικιών, ιδιαίτερα στα της and Οθωμανικής The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Αυτοκρατορίας. Ταtrend προξενεία τηςpeople Ιονικής Ρεπούπλικας να the then observed wealthy to there buy property in άρχισαν poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof λειτουργούν άτυπα από 1801 ενώ οι επίσημοι διορισμοί έγιναν το London, upgrade them, stayτο themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”.

1803, προφανώς όταν εξασφαλίστηκαν τα εκτελεστήρια των πρόξενων being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth απόA την Υψηλή Πύλη. Φαίνεται ότι τοinwere πρώτο προξενείο της description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Ρεπούπλικας Ιονίων Νήσων λειτούργησε στην Κυπαρισσία με cities in Western των countries, by other Researchers. cities inγενικό Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has severalΑναστάσιο scholars and for its more πρώτο πρόξενο τον ζακυνθινό γιατρό Κορνήλιο. Το Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various προξενείο της Επτανήσου Πολιτείας στη Λάρνακα λειτούργησε το 1801 comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: με γενικό πρόξενο τον κεφαλλονίτη γιατρό Παναγή Αγγελάτο. interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof toαπεσταλμένου a trend of a new of social groups Με οδηγίες του έκτακτου της Ιονίου Πολιτείας to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money στη Κωνσταντινούπολη Αντώνιου Τομμάζου Λευκόχειλου κλήθηκαν and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the στις1.of 31 Οκτωβρίου στοRuth επτανησιακό καιfor πήραν The term from1801 Sociologist GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS was born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside townπροξενείο centres, better Berlin, where she15 made her first studies.

In 1932υπήκοοι she published an important study οι entitled: διαμονητήρια άρρενες επτανήσιοι από τους οποίους 10 services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for ήσαν Κεφαλλονίτες. Δεν Prague, προσήλθαν γιαcar απογραφή Κεφαλλονίτες και lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, London and New York she came back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the άλλοι Επτανήσιοι που κατείχαν προξενικά αξιώματα ή ήσαν to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying προστατευόμενοι προξενείων άλλων χωρών. Στις 28 Ιουνίου 1803 her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web,το in 10th edit.τα Wil. COLLINS SONS AND London σημαία 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: έγιναν επίσημα εγκαίνια ηLtd.ιονική υψώθηκε επίσημα Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aκτίριο variety of προξενείου. ways, in order toαναφορά achieve the (actually του ΜεAbstract. του“assisted”, προς τον “voluntary”, Serenissimo Principe

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Delle Sette Isole Federate, τον Πρόεδρο της Γερουσίας Σπυρίδωνα Γεώργιο Θεοτόκη στη Κέρκυρα, με ημερομηνία 10 Αυγούστου τον ενημέρωσε ότι κατά τις επικρατούσες τοπικές προξενικές συνήθειες η έπαρση της σημαίας τιμήθηκε με χαιρετιστήριες βολές, ότι όλοι οι πρόξενοι ύψωσαν τις σημαίες τους και προσήλθαν να τον χαιρετίσουν, ενώ τον συγχάρηκαν επίσης όλοι οι “primate Greci”, “mie amici” όπως

By Mr.αναφορά George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS σημειώνει στην γραμμένη στα ιταλικά του.

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Στη διάρκεια της βραχύβιας λειτουργίας του Προξενείου, όπως

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect και της Ιονίου Πολιτείας, ένα αντίπαλο γνώρισε, τον συμπατριώτη του Student of the School of Architecture κεφαλλονίτη Πρόξενο της Ρωσίας Κωνσταντίνο Περιστιάνη.

Technical University of Crete Ο Αγγελάτος για να διασφαλίσει τη θέση του φρόντιζε να 1. Introductory approach: the τον concept αποστέλλει δώρα και να Defining κολακεύει γραμματέα της επικρατείας 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, Κόμητα Ιωάννη Καποδίστρια.

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Στέλνει στον Καποδίστρια ένα βαρέλι κουμανταρία και άλλα among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. κυπριακά προϊόντα καιstarts κατάwith περιόδους ζητά διάφορες εξυπηρετήσεις acquisition of knowledge theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term όπως γιαtherefore, ανανέωση της“principle” θητείαςisinτου ή ifτην τιμωρία διαφόρων 1 (and urban Based, on this a first, notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) indicated (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 επτανησίων ναυτικών που δεν συμμορφώνονταν με τους ναυτικούς gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various κανονισμούς και κυρίως δεν κατέβαλλαν τα προβλεπόμενα τέλη. Μετά Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, τη μετακίνηση του Κόμητα Ιωάννη Καποδίστρια από τη there γραμματεία the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences results also rising of landτην prices (and theof της επικρατείας που είχε has, στην αρμοδιότητά της εξωτερική whatever other consequences results also rising of landπροσπαθεί prices (andνα the potential relative speculation). πολιτική, τη ναυτιλία και ταhas, προξενεία ο Αγγελάτος potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification found at first in the UK in early 1960s andΑντωνίου it refers to εξασφαλίσει την εύνοιαis του Προέδρου της Γερουσίας κόμη The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Κουμούτου, τον οποίο καταγγέλλει τον υποπρόξενο Ρωσίας the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property inτης poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof Κωνσταντίνο Περιστιάνη. Ο Αγγελάτος και οthere Περιστιάνης ήσαν φίλοι London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. και το 1897 ο Αγγελάτος υπέγραψε ως μάρτυρας και κουμπάρος στο being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth γάμο Κωνσταντίνου Περιστιάνη με την Αιμιλία Γερολαίμου από τη A του description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Λευκωσία. Ο γάμος έγινεbyσύμφωνα με τη γαλλική προξενική νομοθεσία cities in Western countries, other Researchers. cities Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied scholars and for its more και οι in δύο Κεφαλλονίτες φίλοι μετά τηνseveral κατάληψη της Επτανήσου από Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various τους Γάλλους το 1797 ήσαν προστατευόμενοι του Γαλλικού comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, following: αιώνα ο Κωνσταντίνος προξενείου. Λίγο πριν τη λήξη του 18ου the interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups Περιστιάνης διορίσθηκε υποπρόξενος της Ρωσίας και στις αρχές του to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money δεκάτου εννάτου ο Παναγής Αγγελάτος τοποθετήθηκε γενικός and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the πρόξενος της Ιονίου Πολιτείας. άρχισε η search αντιζηλία, οιin 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth Έκτοτε GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: προστριβές και η αλληλοϋπονόμευση ανάμεσα στους δύο κεφαλλονίτες services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for προξένους στην Κύπρο. καταγγελία τον Πρόεδρο lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private easier access to markets, etc.της studies and research Geneva, Στην Prague, London and car Newτου Yorkπρος she came back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. προσρήσεις: In 1950 sheto became teacher in the Ιονικής Γερουσίας ανέφερε μετάthe τις σχετικές to another approach, is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web,να in Μετά τας δουλικάς μου προσκυνήσεις, λαμβάνω τοFree θάρρος 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: aαναφέρω variety of order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, (actually τηςways, αυτήςinγαληνότητος μεhttp://www.uncanny.net/ άκραν μου θλίψιν “voluntary”, καιwetzel/gentry.htm μετά δάκρυα εις τα

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

μάτια, ότι δεν δύναμαι, αλλ’ ούτε είναι τρόπος να υποφέρω τας αταξίας, και τα αφρόντε και ινσούλτα, οπού συνεχώς ο εδώσε Βινσεκόνσολος Ρωσσίας κάμνει κι ενεργεί εις τον Κονσολάρ χαρακτήραν μου αδίκως και παραλόγως, χωρίς να του δώσω ουδέποτε εγώ αιτίαν ουδεμίαν αυτός με κατατρέχει είναι σχεδόν τρεις χρόνοι με σκοπόν να μου αφαιρέση το Κονσολάτον, με το οποίον η γλυκυτάτη μου πατρίς με ετίμησε, στοχαζόμενος να το λάβη αυτός έπειτα. Δεν έλειψε, αλλά ούτε διαλείπει ο κενόδοξος, πονηρίας ανάπλεος,

By Mr. George-Sp.και C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University,κατ’ Graduate Design,της, Student, να εργάζεται ποικίλα ακαταπαύστως, εμούSchool του of δούλου και By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect συρράπτων διαβολάς και συκοφαντίας διαφόρους, και εις άλλο δεν αποβλέπει Student of the School of Architecture ο πονηρός, παρά να μου αρπάξη το Κονσολάτον. Τούτος ο φθονερός, Technical University of Crete φαντάζεται ότι να έχη επάνω εις εμέ εξουσίαν απόλυτον, κι ότι είναι κύριος, approach: the concept και1. Introductory αφθέντης μου και Defining με εξουθενεί, ως ανδράποδον, και εις 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept Κωνσταντινούπολιν εις τον εξοχώτατον πρέσβυν ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher,Ρωσσίας, (444 BC -πολλάς 370 BC,διαβολάς Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), και συκοφαντίας τας οποίας aανήρεσα αποδεικνύων among other wiseέγραψεν heritage εναντίον he left us,μου, he established great “principle”: the among other wise heritage he left us,definition he established a great the acquisition of knowledge starts with the of the content of“principle”: concepts. την αλήθειαν και αθωότητά μου. Τους Ιωνικούς σούδιτους, αυτός ο ασύνετος, acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term δια να φέρη καταισχύνην εις τον χαρακτήρα μου, τους φυλακώνει και τους 1 (and urban Based, therefore, this “principle” is a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) indicated area of Planning) (or gentrification ραβδίζει με όλην την on αυθάδειαν, κι εγώ in αναγκάζομαι να υποφέρνω τα άτακτα 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various κινήματά του. Πολλά ινσούλτακαι κακίας υπέφερα, έως τώρα από αυτόν, τα Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, οποία δια να groups, μην βαρύνω τας ακοάς της γαληνότητος of σιωπώ. ways), of social usually of low-income andαυτής thethis placement artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of Προστρέχω λοιπόν γονυκλητώς, εις το έλεος της υμετέρας Γαληνότητος the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and και theof δέομαι θερμώς να με ελευθερώση από τούτον τον of τύραννον. Το (and μόνον whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising land prices the potential relative potential relative speculation). ιατρικόν πιστεύω να είναι εκείνο, οπού να του αφαιρεθή το Βιτζεκονσολάτον The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found first in the UK in early and refersofto της then Ρωσσίας και ναtrend δωθή εμέ at τον δούλον της, δια να 1960s εύρω την itareas ησυχίαν the observed ofisεις wealthy people to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in areas μου, καιupgrade ως ανήκον μοι,of ωσάν οπού οι ταξιδεύοντες εις old ταpoor εδώθεν μεof London, them, stay themselves sometimes and thus residents are London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ρωσικήν σημαίαν, είναι οι περισσότεροι ρεπουμπλικάνοι. Και προς being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description phenomenon in the work of Sociologistτούτο Ruth πληροφορίαν τηςof this περισσοτέραν διαis included να καταλάβη το υποκείμενον A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major οποίας διαθέσεως είναι, τούτο μόνον λέγω της αυτής γαληνότητος, ότι κατά GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other την αγίαν και μεγάλαν πέμπτην, ειςResearchers. την Ιεράν ακολουθίαν, εκτύπησε μέσα εις cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more την εκκλησίαν των εδώσε ευγενών, χωρίς αιτίαν,scholars όμως εδάρθη καιitsαυτός Since then,τινά the issue has several andthe for more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from various και υβρίσθη και ατιμάσθη μέσα εις την εκκλησίαν, κι έγινε μέγας θόρυβος comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: ανδρών τε και και is παρ’ ολίγον ήταν ακολουθήσωσι και groups φόνοι interpretations of the phenomenon the following: In a sense, theγυναικών phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trend of aνα new category of social μέσα εις τον ναόν θεού, πράγμα for οπού ποτέreasons: δεν ηκούσθη. δε to “return” to the city, του leaving the purlieus several high costsΑυτός in money εγνωρίζοντας το σφάλμα του εσιώπησεν την τηλικαύτην ατιμίαν, δια να μην and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1.of The from Sociologist Ruthτον GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, το μάθη ο term εξοχότατος πρέσβυς του και παιδεύση.

40

Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York came to back to London, Ο κυπροκεφαλλονίτης υποπρόξενος της she Ρωσίας Κωνσταντίνος in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Περιστιάνης υπήρξε ο μακροβιότερος πρόξενος Κύπρο, διατήρησε University informal College of London, where she continued her socialστην research.

Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying herπροξενικό work are characterized by a passion for justice.

See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. το αξίωμα για 46 χρόνια και υπήρξε κορυφαία φυσιογνωμία and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ου αιώνα. της κυπριακής ιστορίας στο πρώτο μισό του 19 G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Ήταν γιος του Ευάγγελου Περοστιάνη ή Περιστιάνου από το GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Ληξούρι. Ο Ευάγγελος Περιστιάνης έφτασε στη Κύπρο πριν από το Definition, Types intervention, Concerns of Gentrification 1759 και νυμφεύθηκε στη Λάρνακα τηof θυγατέρα του δραγομάνου του προξενείου της Σουηδίας Ζαχαρία Γαβριήλ. Από τα γάμο του και την Concerns εμπορική του δραστηριότητα απόκτησε τεράστιο πλούτο.

Ο Κωνσταντίνος Περιστιάνης γεννήθηκε το 1759 στη Λάρνακα

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS και είναι άγνωστο αν επισκέφθηκε ποτέ την Κεφαλλονιά. Η προξενική Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, του ιδιότητα, η εμπορική του δραστηριότητα και οι τραπεζικές, μάλλον

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect τοκογλυφικές ενασχολήσεις του, συνέβαλαν στη διεύρυνση της Student of the School of Architecture μεγάλης πατρικής περιουσίας. Ως προξενικός εκπρόσωπος της Technical University of Crete πανίσχυρης Ρωσικής Αυτοκρατορίας, που διεκδικούσε την προστασία 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept των Ορθοδόξων στην Ανατολή πρόβαλλε ως προστάτης και καταφύγιο 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, των κυνηγημένων the Ορθοδόξων. Το 1804 όταν οι Έλληνες και οι Τούρκοι ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other heritage he left us, he established a great the κάτοικοι τηςwise Λευκωσίας επαναστάτησαν κατά(444 του δραγομάνου του among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Σεραγιού Χατζηγεωργάκη Κορνέσιου, αυτός the διέφυγε στο ρωσικό acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term προξενείο στη Λάρνακα. Η λαϊκή μούσα παραστατικά τη 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first,απέδωσε if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 συνάντηση του δραγομάνου με τον ρώσο υποπρόξενο, τον κούσουλο, gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various κόνσολο, από το λατινικό consul.

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists,

ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever otherκακά consequences has,του results rising of land prices (and theof Πολλά του κάμασιν Μέγαalso Δραγομάνου whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). και το κονάκιν έκαμεν έσσω του Περιστιάνου, potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first the UK in and it refers to και χαιρετά τον κούσουλον τηςin στράτας καιearly του1960s φόβου The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor γεια σου αδελφέ Κωνστάντινε, κούσουλε Μοσκόβου. the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buyτου property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Σωτήριες προς isτους κυνηγημένους της being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of υπηρεσίες this phenomenon included in the work ofπρούχοντες Sociologist Ruth Κύπρου ο phenomenon Περιστιάνης κατά inτη διάρκεια των σφαγών A description ofperiod, this isκαι included the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS atπροσέφερε the same while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major τον Ιούλιο του 1821. by Από τοResearchers. γάμο του με την Αιμλία Γερολέμου cities in Western countries, other cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Since then, issue several forγενάρχες its more απέκτησε μια the κόρη και has δυο γιούςResearchers. που έγιναν μεscholars τη σειράand τους Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various γνωστών κυπροκεφαλληνιακών οικογενειών με γόνους που διέλαμψαν comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations theτις phenomenon στα γράμματαofκαι τέχνες. of gentrification, the following: interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theδημογραφικό phenomenon isαντιδάνειο dueof togentrification, a trend a new social groups Μικρό η ofυπηρεσία και οofγάμος στην to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Κεφαλληνία του κύπριου διπλωμάτη Χαράλαμπου Φαγκούδη. Ο and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Χαράλαμπος Φραγκούδης είχε γεννηθεί στη Λεμεσό το 1820 ήταν 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASSκαι wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin, μεγάλης where she made her first studies.

In μέλη 1932 she published an important study entitled: γόνος οικογένειας που τα της ήσαν προστατευόμενοι της services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Αυστρίας δυνάμεων. Ο private πατέρας Φραγκούδης lower living costάλλων of, in “withdrawal” from easier access markets, etc.where studies and και research Geneva, Prague, London and car Newτου YorkΔημήτριος she came to back to London, in According 1943 she από published regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 she teacher in the ήταν ένας τουςstudies επιφανείς κύπριους αγωνιστές της to another approach, the is due tobecame aΕπανάστασης. systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Ηher οικογένειά του διέφυγε αργότερα και τον συνάντησε στην Ελλάδα. Η work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. υποπρόξενο London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: αντιβασιλεία τον διόρισε πρώτο στην Κύπρο αλλά λόγω Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aμακρόχρονης variety of ways, in orderκαι to achieve the “assisted”, αναμονής άρνησης της Πύλης να“voluntary”, εκδώσει το(actually σχετικό

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

εκτελεστήριο διορίστηκε το 1841 υποπρόξενος της Ελλάδας στη Ζάκυνθο, όπου πέθανε και κηδεύθηκε με ιδιαίτερες τιμές τον Οκτώβριο του 1847. Ο γιος του Χαράλαμπος, γραμματέας του Προξενείου, διορίστηκε το Νοέμβριο του 1848 υποπρόξενος της Ελλάδας στην Κεφαλληνία, με έδρα το Αργοστόλι σε αντικατάσταση του υποπρόξενου Ιωάννη Κορίνθιου. Αφού ζητήθηκε και εκδόθηκε το Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS σχετικό εκτελεστήριο από τονBy βρετανό πρέσβη στην Αθήνα. Ο Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, διορισμός του δημοσιοποιήθηκε στην επίσημη εφημερίδα του Ιωνικού

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Κράτους την 1/13 Δεκεμβρίου 1848 και Student ο ίδιος of έφτασε στο Αργοστόλι the School of Architecture και ανέλαβε υπηρεσία τον Ιανουάριο του Technical επόμενου χρόνου. Ο University of Crete Φραγκούδης έφτασε στην Κεφαλλονιά σε μια περίοδο έντονου 1. Introductory approach:και Defining the concept κοινωνικών αντιθέσεων εθνικού αναβρασμού. Υπήρξε μάρτυρας 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ενημέρωνε ancient Greek philosopher, των κινημάτων και άμεσα την ελληνική κυβέρνηση. Με ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the αναφορά του με ημερομηνία 19 Αυγούστου (444 1849 ενημέρωνε την among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Κυβέρνησή για τηνstarts εξέγερση που είχε αρχίσει στις 16 acquisition ofτου knowledge with the the content of Αυγούστου concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term με Based, αρχηγόtherefore, το Θεόδωρο Βλάχο οisinindicated οποίος επικεφαλής, ληστρικής 1 (and on this “principle” a first, if (in not final, approach, the term urban gentrification) the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 συμμορίας και τριακοσίων ενόπλων χωρικών της περιοχής Σκάλας, gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various «οίτινες κατά το πρώτον επυρπόλησαν τον εις την εξοχήν εκείνην οίκον Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually ofΝικολάου low-income and thethis placement of artists, του φιλογενεστάτου ιππότου Μεταξά Τζανάτου επί ονόματι the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever otherφονεύσαντες consequencesσυνάμα has, results rising of land prices (and theof Καψολιβέρη, τον also αξιότιμον τούτον πολίτην μετά whatever otherτου consequences results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). του προεστού χωρίου καιhas, τεσσάρων άλλων ευρεθέντων εντός της potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found the UK in early 1960s and it refers to οικίας, κρατήσαντες ως όμηροat first ένα inτων γαμβρών του φονευθέντος The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Μεταξά, καλούμενον Δημήτριον Τζουγανάτον». στη συνέχεια the then observed trend wealthy people to there buyΑναφέρει property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof τα σχετικά με την πορεία της εξέγερσης, την άφιξη στρατού από τη London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Κέρκυρα και την επιβολή στρατιωτικού νόμου. Πληροφορεί ακόμη την being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ελληνική ότι, A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at κυβέρνηση the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, Researchers. …Western Φαίνεται δεbybyother ότι οιResearchers. επαναστάται εκήρυξαν ότι δεν cities in countries, other Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more καταφέρονται της Κυβερνήσεως αλλάandκατά Since then, the issueκατά has several below, scholars for various its των more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from the Αρχόντων, οίτινες τους κάμνουν κατάσχεσιν του προϊόντος της comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: σταφίδος εντός των isαλωνίων των…Ουδεμία υπάρχει αμφιβολία interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups ότι εντός δύο ημερών οι μεν στασιασταί θέλουσι λάβει τα to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money της the κακίας των δε πόλεις καιwork τα place χωριά θέλουσιν and timeεπίχειρα to travel from purlieus to οι downtown, where is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town9 centres, απαλλαχθή ολοσχερώς παντός κινδύνου…

Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying 9 are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. her work Α.Υ.Ε.

1849 Φακ.

36/9, Υποπροξενείον εν Κεφαλληνία, οthe Υποπρόξενος Χ. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Φραγκούδης προς το επί του Βασιλικού Οίκου και των Εξωτερικών Σχέσεων Υπουργείον, G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

42

αναφ. αρ. 128, Κεφαλληνία 19 Αυγούστου 1949.

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Οι προβλέψεις του Types Πρόξενου για πάταξη της εξέγερσης GENTRIFICATION Definition, of άμεση Intervention, δεν επαληθεύτηκαν. Ο ίδιος συνέχισε να ενημερώνει με αναφορές του Definition, of intervention, Concerns ofτην Gentrification την Ελληνική κυβέρνηση Types για πορεία των γεγονότων. Στις 3 Σεπτεμβρίου έγραφε προς την Ελληνική κυβέρνηση ότι, Concerns

… Η Υψηλή Αστυνομία διέταξε την σύλληψιν των συντακτών των πολιτικών ενταύθα εφημερίδων, του Φιλελευθέρου και της

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Αναγεννήσεως, Harvard ΚυριωνUniversity, Ζερβού Graduate και Μονφεράτου, εξ ων ο μεν School of Design, Student, απεπέμφθη εις τινά μικράν έρημον νήσον εις Κύθηρα, οArchitect δε εις

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS 10 Student of the School of Architecture την παρά τη Κερκύρα νήσον Φανούς.

Technical University of Crete

Στις αρχές του 1850 ο Χαράλαμπος Φραγκούδης μετατέθηκε 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept από την Κεφαλλονιά σε άλλη προξενική θέση. Με την τελευταία του 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept αναφορά με ημερομηνία 1 Greek Μαρτίου 1850 ενημέρωνε την Ελληνική ANTISTHENIS, the ancient philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among otherότι wise«την heritage he left us, he established a great the Κυβέρνηση όσην αθυμίαν και την αγανάκτησιν εις τας ψυχάς among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. απάντων των κατοίκων της νήσου Κεφαλληνίας τα παρά του άγγλου acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term υποναυάρχου ληφθέντα εν Ελλάδιin καταναγκαστικά μέτρα, the τόσην 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is a first, if (in notthe final, approach, gentrification) indicated area of Planning)term (or gentrification ησθάνθησαν ανάγκην να τηρήσωσι θερμόν καιarea αγνόν εις την 1 την gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in the of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal from this, (in various καρδιά των το του εθνισμού των αίσθημα τούτο πραγματικώς Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ηνofκαι ην παρελθόντος 28 μηνός, ότε δι’ κατεδείχθη τηνusually 27 ways), of social groups, low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation ofκατά art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless αξιοθαυμάστου ευταξίας και ησυχίας, κατά πρώτον ήδη ο λαός προέβη whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences also rising of του. land prices (and the εις την relative ελευθέραν εκλογήν has, τωνresults αντιπροσώπων Εκλέχθησαν potential potential relative speculation).

The termδια gentrification found at first inοι theακόλουθοι UK in early άνδρες 1960s and it refers to επομένως μυστικήςisψηφοφορίας ανήκοντες The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas the then observed trend of to buy property in poor ofto εις την εθνικοτέραν του λαού μερίδα: Γ. Λειβαδάς δια ψήφων refers 1380, the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents are Ιωσήφ Μονφερράτο 1292, Ηλίας there Ζερβός 1271, London, upgrade them,δια stayψήφων themselves sometimes andδια thusψήφων old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Ιωάννης Τυπάλδος Δοτοράτος δια ψήφων 1023, Ν. Βαλιέρης δια being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ψήφων 1026, Σ. Πιλλαρινός ψήφων 1017, Κ.recorded Αννίνος ψήφων A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same whileδια similar inδια other major 971, Ι. Τυπάλδος Ιακωβάτος δια ψήφων 934, Δ. Καρούσσος δια GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. ψήφων και Δελλαπόρτας δια ψήφων 940….»

Since 946 then, theΑ.issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Since then, issue has preoccupied several scholars for various its more Παρά τηthe βραχεία πρώτη διαμονή του στο νησίfrom οand Χαράλαμπος comprehensive approach are being summarized below, the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, theΚεφαλλονιά. following: Φραγκούδης of αγάπησε και ταυτίσθηκε με την Το various 1854 interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is dueof togentrification, aΠηνελόπη trend of a new of social νυμφεύθηκε την κεφαλλονίτισσα Αλεξανδράτου, το groups γένος to “return” the οποία city, leaving the purlieus for γιους severalκαι reasons: high costs in money Φωκά με toτην απέκτησε πέντε τέσσερις θυγατέρες. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Ευτύχησεterm να ζήσειfrom τηνSociologist ένωση της Επτανήσου με τηνRuth Ελλάδα. Οι τρεις Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, search από τους γιους του ακολούθησαν καριέρα. Ο πρωτότοκος Berlin, where she made her first studies. Inστρατιωτική 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment.

The same Σχολή year she left Germany and after continuous Ιωάννης φοίτησε στη Ευελπίδων μαζί με το διάδοχο lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, Κωνσταντίνο τον οποίο συνδέθηκε με στενή Ήταν ο πρώτος in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the toμε another approach, the isφιλία. due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 10 Στο ίδιο Χ. Φραγκούδης προς το επί του Βασιλικού Οίκου και την Εξωτερικόν G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve theη “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

Υπουργείου, αρ. αναφ. 139 εν Κεφαλληνία την 3 Σεπτεμβρίου 1849.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Έλληνας ολυμπιονίκης στους Ολυμπιακούς αγώνες του 1896, όπου πέτυχε πρώτη νίκη στη σκοποβολή. Ενας κυπροκεφαλλονίτης δηλαδή πρώτος Έλληνας Ολυμπιονίκης. Τοποθετήθηκε υπασπιστής του βασιλιά Γεωργίου, τον οποίο συνόδευε τον μοιραίο περίπατο του στη Θεσσαλονίκη το Μάρτιο του 1913. Το 1917 στάλθηκε στην Αμερική για αγορά νέων όπλων και σκοτώθηκε σε ατύχημα. Ο Αλέκος Φραγκούδης

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS έπεσε στο Γρίμποβο κατά τον ελληνοτουρκικό πόλεμο του 1897 ενώ ο Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Ανδρέας αποστρατεύθηκε ως συνταγματάρχης. Άλλοι δύο γιοίStudent, του ο

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Δημήτριος και ο Επαμεινώνδας μετανάστευσαν στο εξωτερικό. Μια Student of the School of Architecture από τις κόρες του η Αμαλία παντρεύτηκε το Κεφαλλονίτη κτηματία Technical University of Crete Ανδρέα Κεφαλά. Ο Χαράλαμπος μετά την Κεφαλλονιά υπηρέτησε στη 1. Introductory approach:στα Defining the concept Βενετία, στην Πρέβεζα, Ιωάννινα, τα Χανιά και την Τεργέστη.

1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, Πέθανε στη Κεφαλλονιά το 1897.

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other heritage left us, he established a great the Πριν wise κλείσω θα heεπιχειρήσω μια σύντομη αναφορά στις among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. διαπροσωπικές, πολιτικές, πνευματικές και the καλλιτεχνικές σχέσεις acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term επωνύμων Κεφαλλονιτών με την Κύπρο.

1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Ο Ιωάννης Μεταξάς, ωςof aσύμβουλος Κων/νου το gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (inβασιλιά thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” cityisarea, theτου removal (in various 1915 πρωτοστάτησε στην απόρριψη της αγγλικής πρότασης για Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually ofΕλλάδα low-income and thethis placement of artists, προσφορά της Κύπρου στην αντάλλαγμα τηνthere είσοδο της the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. με However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof χώρας στον πόλεμο. whatever otherspeculation). consequences results also rising of land prices (and the potential Οrelative Αντώνης Τρίτσης ωςhas, Υπουργός Παιδείας και Θρησκευμάτων potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is foundτων at first in the UK in earlyκαι 1960sπολιτιστικών and it refers to συνέβαλε στη διεύρυνση εκπαιδευτικών The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor σχέσεων με την Κύπρο. the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof Ο upgrade Γεράσιμος ως Υπουργός υπήρξε are ο London, them,Αρσένης, stay themselves sometimesΕθνικής there andΑμυνας thus old residents being indirectly “squeezed”. αρχιτέκτονας του Ενιαίου Αμυντικού Δόγματος Ελλάδας Κύπρου. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth νεοέλληνας γλύπτηςinwere Γεώργιος Μπονάνος A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASSΟ at theμεγάλος same while similar recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major φιλοτέχνησε 1901 την προτομή του εθνομάρτυρα Αριχεπισκόπου cities in Westernτο countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and its more Κυπριανού, που βρίσκεται έξω από την Αρχιεπισκοπή στηfor Λευκωσία Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various αλλά και διάφορα επιτύμβια γλυπτά που βρίσκονται σε κοιμητήρια της comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Κύπρου. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of aΣιδέρη, new of socialΦωκάς groups Οι ποιητές Νίκος Καββαδίας, Αλόη και Νίκος to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money συνδέθηκαν με την Κύπρο με δημοσιεύματα και επισκέψεις τους στο and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the νησί.1.ofThe termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her Σαράντης first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Ο στιχουργός Αλιβιζάτος υπήρξε συνεργάτης του services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for . London, Μάριου Τόκα μας έδωσαν τραγούδια υψηλής ποιότητας lower living costκαι of, in “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she came to back to in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Εισήγηση σε Συνέδριο περί Ιονίων Νήσων, Πεσσάδα, 2016.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

44

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ΠΑΡΑΛΑΒΗ ΑΣΒΕΣΤΟΥ ΤΟΥof ΠΥΡΣΟΥ ΤΗΣ ΓΝΩΣΗΣ* GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types Intervention,

Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes ofΤου Gentrification κυρίου Νίκ. Γρ. ΖΑΧΑΡΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ Ομότιμου Καθηγητού του ΑΠΘ Concerns και Αντιπρύτανη του Πανεπιστημίου Νεάπολις Πάφου

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, School of Design, Η σημερινή ημέρα έχει το Graduate ιδιαίτερο νόημά της.Student, Είναι

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect συνδεδεμένη με μια από τις υπέροχες παραδόσεις του λαού μας, την Student of the School of Architecture τέλεση του αγιασμού κατά την έναρξη κάθε έργου μας. Ασφαλώς είναι Technical University of Crete

γνωστό σε όλους μας τι εννοούμε όταν λέμε παράδοση. Φυσικά δεν 1. Introductory Defining concept είναι κάτι άψυχοapproach: και άνυδρο που the έρχεται από το παρελθόν, σαν μια 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greekαμητό philosopher, απλή θύμηση. Παράδοση σημαίνει γνώσης και βιωμάτων, φορέα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage left us, he established(444 a great the δυναμισμού, συνέχεια και he συνέπεια. among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Ξέρετε, φυσικά,starts ότι with η γνώση, που διαθέτουμε σήμερα, δεν acquisition of knowledge theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term προήλθε από παρθενογέννηση, αλλά είναι βασισμένη στη μακραίωνη 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) σοφία της ανθρωπότητας, τηςofοποίας ένα σημαντικό μέρος οφείλεται gentrification indicated (in thefrom area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” a cityisarea, the removal this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various στους προγόνους μας. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of συμβολή social groups, usually of low-income and placement there of artists, Η τους ξεκίνησε δυναμικά μεthe τον Όμηρο που ξύπνησε the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other also rising of land prices (and theof το πνεύμα τωνconsequences συγχρόνων has, του results και έθρεψε και θρέφει με ιδέες τους whatever other consequences results also risingγεμάτοι of land ανησυχία prices (andκαι the potential relative speculation). ανθρώπους μέχρι σήμερα. Καιhas, ήρθαν οι σοφιστές, potential relative speculation).

The θέτοντας term gentrification found at first in the UK in early 1960s it refers to ορμή, βασικάisερωτήματα, αμφισβητώντας ό,τι and προσέκρουε The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor στη στη φρόνηση, στην ανθρώπινη νοημοσύνη. Ακολούθησαν the λογική, then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof οιLondon, μεγάλοι φιλόσοφοι, οι themselves οποίοι πρόβαλαν σπουδαίες ανθρώπινες upgrade them, stay sometimesτις there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. αρετές, σοφία, “squeezed”. σωφροσύνη, ανδρεία, ελευθερία, Όλη αυτή being indirectly A description of this phenomenon is included in the δικαιοσύνη. work of Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth η προσπάθεια ήταν μια επανάσταση που θέριεψε στην Ιωνία, στην GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Κάτωin Western Ιταλία, countries, στην Αθήνα, Αλεξάνδρεια, την Αντιόχεια, την cities by otherτην Researchers. cities in Western countries, byτόσες other Researchers.

Since then, the issue preoccupied several scholars and for its more Κωνσταντινούπολη καιhas σε άλλες πόλεις.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for itsστην more comprehensive approach are being summarized from various Η επανάσταση και το ξύπνημα αυτό είχε below, την αναφορά του comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of theμέρους phenomenon gentrification, theπληροφόρησης following: αναζήτηση από του ofανθρώπου της όλων interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups εκείνων των σχετικών με τον κόσμο και τον ίδιο του τον εαυτό. Αυτή to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money ήταν μια υπέρτατη ανάγκη του, ένας έντονος ανεξάντλητος πόθος. Ε, and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the λοιπόν, αυτό δημιούργησε, ξέρετε δα, τον πολιτισμό, τις search επιστήμες, τιςin 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS for wasbetter born sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made herέργα first studies.

Inκόσμου 1932 she published an important study entitled: τέχνες, τα μεγάλα του μας, τους εμπνευσμένους services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for ανθρώπους. lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943Κι sheαπευθυνόμενος published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, is σπουδαστές, due a systematic and σε σαςthe τους νέους, τους έρχομαι University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying να πως ανbyορέγεσθε πραγματικά ναCOLLINS μπείτεENGLISH και σειςDICTIONARY. σ’αυτή herσας workτονίσω are characterized a passion for justice. See also: and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually * Ομιλία κατά την τέλεση Αγιασμού με την έναρξη του Ακαδημαϊκού Έτους.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

46

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, τη χορεία των εμπνευσμένων ανθρώπων και να μην μείνετε υποχείριοι the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has,που results also rising of land pricesνα (and theof στις ποικιλώνυμες σκλαβιές, εύκολα, σήμερα, μπορεί γίνει whatever other consequences results also of land (and the potential relative speculation). κανείς λεία τους, πρέπει ναhas, αγαπήσετε τηrising γνώση και prices την έρευνα, potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK early 1960s it refers to ακολουθώντας τη μακραίωνη παράδοση τουinλαού μας, and έχοντας την The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor άνωθεν ευλογία, αλλά και wealthy βασιζόμενοι στον απαραίτητο μόχθο και τη the then observed trend people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof συνέπεια, που θαthem, σας stay δώσει τη δυνατότητα λάβετε μέρος καλό London, upgrade themselves sometimesνα there and thus oldστον residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. αγώνα της απόκτησης της γνώσης, να γίνετε αισθαντικοί στην being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ομορφιά, να same αποβείτε εραστές της αγάπηςinwere και της of καλοσύνης και A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included the recorded work Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major κυρίως να λατρεύσετε αλήθεια και την ελευθερία. cities in Western countries,την by other Researchers. cities inΟι Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue scholars for its more ευκαιρίες πουhas σας δίνονται, μεseveral την ίδρυση και and λειτουργία του Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Πανεπιστημίου, το οποίο επιτυχώς επιλέξατε, είναι ιδιαίτερα ευνοϊκές, comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of τον gentrification, following: προκειμένου να πετύχετε αυτόν στόχο. Οιthe εκλεκτοί δάσκαλοί σας interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new social groups θα σας δώσουν όλα τα απαραίτητα εφόδια. Σταθείτεofκοντά τους. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Συνεργαστείτε μεταξύ σας και με τους δασκάλους σας. Οραματιστείτε and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the ένα 1. λαμπρό για Sociologist σας και τους Έχετε πίστη στον termμέλλον from Ruth συναθλητές GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense ofThe safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside townσας. centres, search for Berlin, where she made her πολλά first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: εαυτό σας. Μπορείτε και σημαντικά να κάνετε. Μη σκιαχθείτε services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for όταν δείτε να of, σηκώνονται άνεμοι από βορρά νότο, ανατολή και lower living cost “withdrawal” from private easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car New York και she came back to London, in According 1943 published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

1950 sheto became in the δύση, κι’sheέρχονται αντάρες. Σταθείτε σαν τηνInκαλαμιά, που κιteacher αν τύχει to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying να λυγίσει, μετά τη μπόρα, στέκεται όρθια και υπερήφανη. Σας εύχομαι, her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: από καρδιάς, επιτυχία στην προσπάθειά σας.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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ΤΙ ΕΙΝΑΙ ΠΟΛΙΤΙΣΜΟΣ; GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Του κ. Σόλ. ΞΕΝΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ Αρχιτέκτ., Ομοτίμου Καθηγητού ΕΜΠ Concerns Κοσμήτορος Σχολής Αρχιτεκτονικής και Γεωπεριβαλλοντικών

Επιστημών, Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Την Τετάρτη 12 Οκτωβρίου 2016, στο Αμφιθέατρο του

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Πανεπιστημίου Νεάπολις Πάφου, οργανώθηκε Συζήτηση με Student ofανοικτή the School of Architecture Θέμα «ΠΟΛΙΤΙΣΜΟΣ ΚΑΙ ΑΝΑΠΤΥΞΗ- Technical ΔΥΝΑΤΌΤΗΤΕΣ ΚΑΙ University of Crete

ΠΡΟΟΠΤΙΚΕΣ. Η διοργάνωση έγινε από τον Ομιλο Προβληματισμού για Introductory approach: Defining the concept τον1.1.Εκσυγχρονισμό της Κοινωνίας –the ΟΠΕΚ, την Στέγη Γραμμάτων και Introductory approach: Defining concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444Γεωπεριβαλλοντικών BC - 370 BC, Athens), Τεχνών Πάφου και την Σχολή Αρχιτεκτονικής και ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the Επιστημών του Πανεπιστημίου Νεάπολις Πάφου. among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Το therefore, κείμενο που ακολουθεί για acquisition of knowledge starts with theαποτελεί of the content of concepts.

Based, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if επεξεργασμένη, not final, approach, the τους term 1 σκοπους της παρούσης δημοσίευσης, εκδοχή της ομιλίας Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, theτου term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification γράφοντος.

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various Βασική φιλοδοξία τη Σχολής Αρχιτεκτονικής και ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.Πανεπιστημίου However this “change”, regardless of Γεωπεριβαλλοντικών Επιστημών του Νεάπολις Πάφου, the operation ofαυτή art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However regardless whatever other consequences has, results also risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof είναι η Σχολή να αποτελέσει έναν πολιτιστικό πυρήνα για την whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential πόλη τηςrelative Πάφου, αλλά και να καταστεί σταδιακά ένα δυναμικό κέντρο potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to πουThe θα term συμβάλλει και θα συμμετέχει στον αρχιτεκτονικό διάλογο πουto gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor of αναπτύσσεται σήμερα παγκοσμίως. Αυτό γίνεται τόσο με τοof the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents are περιεχόμενο και την μεθοδολογία διεξαγωγής των and μαθημάτων, όσο και London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. με τις διεθνείς επαφές και δραστηριότητες της Σχολής. Η πρόσφατη A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth Εκθεση φοιτητικών εργασιών που isοργανώθηκε στο Πανεπιστήμιο, είχε GLASS at the same while similar situations recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western byΣΧΟΛΗ other Researchers. ως τίτλο «ΜΙΑcountries, ΑΝΟΙΚΤΗ ΓΙΑ ΜΙΑ ΑΝΟΙΚΤΗ ΑΡΧΙΤΕΚΤΟΝΙΚΗ» cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for more που αντικατοπτρίζει το συνολικό πνεύμα που διαπερνά τηνitsΣχολή.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from Στην Εκθεση παρουσίάστηκε κάποιο μικρό, αλλά χαρακτηριστικό, comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: τμήμα του έργου που παράγεται στην Σχολή, και πραγματοποιήθηκε interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups στο lobby εισόδου του Πανεπιστημίου στο ισόγειο, καθώς επίσης και to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money στοtime foyer αμφιθεάτρου και to τιςdowntown, δύο αίθουσες and to του travel from the purlieus whereδιδασκαλίας work place is,στο lackκάτω of the επίπεδο.

1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin,Το where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: είναι σχετικά σύντομο, αφού στην services ofπαρόν health,κείμενο education, entertainment “at the heart ofπεριορίζεται the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. διατύπωση κάποιων σκέψεων που ουσιαστικά συνιστούν και studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 she became teacher in the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and προσωπικά ερωτήματα σε σχέση με το θέμα της εκδήλωσης.

University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Αφετηρία για την ανάπτυξη τωνSee σκέψεων αυτών αποτελεί η her work are characterized by a passion for justice. also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ορολογία που χρησιμοποιείται, και κυρίως η λέξη «πολιτισμός», G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

48

ΤΙ ΕΙΝΑΙ ΛΟΙΠΟΝ ΠΟΛΙΤΙΣΜΟΣ? ‘Οπως γνωρίζουμε, ο όρος Πολιτισμός προέρχεται από την «πόλη», και ιδιαίτερα την αρχαία ελληνική πόλη, τον κατ’εξοχήν δημοκρατικό κοινωνικό σχηματισμό της ανθρώπινης παρουσίας στον κόσμο. Ο σημαντικός Ελληνας σύγχρονος φιλόσοφος Κορνήλιος Καστοριάδης υποστηρίζει ότι αυτό που συνέβει στην αρχαία Αθήνα και Mr.Δημοκρατίας, George-Sp. C.(του ATHANASOPOULOS είναι μοναδικό, είναι η θέσμισηBy της Δημοκρατικού Harvard University, Graduate School of Student, Πολιτεύματος δηλ.), ταυτόχρονα με την συγκρότηση Design, της πόλης ως

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect χωρική κατασκευή, καθώς και με την ανάπτυξη της φιλοσοφίας και Student of the School of Architecture της τραγωδίας. Για τους αρχιτέκτονες αυτή η Technical ιδέα της University ταύτισηςofμιας Crete κοινωνικής οργάνωσης με την χωρική της συγκρότηση είναι 1. Introductoryκαι approach: Defining the concept αποκαλυπτική, εξαιρετικής σημασίας.

1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancient έχουμε Greek philosopher, Τώρα.....Στα the αγγλικά δύο όρους για τον πολιτισμό: ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he a great the «culture» που σημαίνει καλλιέργεια, established και «civilization» που σημαίνει among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. πολιτισμός. απόwith το civil που πάλι the αφορά την πόλη ή το acquisition ofCivilization knowledge starts theindefinition content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term άστυ......Στα έχουμεisinτην λέξη «κουλτούρα» πουthe είναι 1ελληνικά Based, therefore, on επίσης, this “principle” a first, if (in not final, approach, term (and urban gentrification) indicated the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 μεταγραφή του «culture». Και δυστυχώς σήμερα οι όροι «κουλτούρα», gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various και πολύ περισσότερο «κουλτουριάρης» χρησιμοποιούνται, όπως Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, ξέρουμε, απαξιωτικά........ειρωνικά..... μειωτικά. Μήπως όμως είναι και the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has, πολιτισμού?? results also rising of land prices (and theof αυτό μια other ένδειξη του σύγχρονου whatever otherδιαφορετική, consequences θαλέγαμε has, results also rising of land prices (andθα the potential speculation). Σε relative μια γενικώτερη προσέγγιση, potential relative speculation).

The term να gentrification is found in the UK inείναι early κάθε 1960s and it refers μπορούσε υποστηριχτεί ότιat οfirst πολιτισμός ίχνος που to ο The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor άνθρωπος αφήνει στον χώρο. Από τα πιο σημαντικά έως τα πιο πεζά, the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof τα πιο ταπεινά, τα stay πιοthemselves καθημερινά. Μια there διαγράμμιση πεζών, μια London, upgrade them, sometimes and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ατελείωτη οικοδομή, ένα εργοτάξιο, μια κινηματογραφική ταινία, αλλά being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth και Aένα studio.......ένα Πανεπιστήμιο....αλλά καιmajor ένα description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS atκινηματογραφικό the same while similar in other GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major αυτοσχέδιο μεταλλικό κάπου στην ύπαιθρο, ένας κύκλος από cities in Western countries,υπόστεγο by other Researchers. cities inτου Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has scholars and for its more πέτρες γλύπτη Richard Long, αλλάseveral και ένα παραδοσιακό, επίσης Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various αυτοσχέδιο, αλώνι, έργο κάποιου ανώνυμου αγρότη....μια περίφραξη..... comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of theμια phenomenon of gentrification, the following: αμφιθέατρο. ένας ποδηλάτης, συνάντηση σε ένα πανεπιστημιακό interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new social groups ένα έργο Τέχνης τοποθετημένο στον παραλιακόcategory δρόμοofτης Πάφου, to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money αλλά και τα αυθόρμητα graffiti κάποιων ανώνυμων τρελλών......η λόγια and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the αλλά και ηatcomes λαική μονοπάτι στηνfor φύση, 1.of The term fromαρχιτεκτονική...........ένα Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS was born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, better Berlin, whereτης she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: τεκμήριο ανθρώπινης παρουσίας εκεί, η ακόμα και μια services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for φωτογραφία μονοπατιού........το κινητό τηλέφωνο....το lower living costενός of, in “withdrawal” from private car access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and Neweasier York she came to back toδιαδίκτυο, London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. τα In 1950 sheto became teacher in the ένα φύλλο εφημερίδας, και πολλά άλλα...όλα άλλα.... to another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Ξαναγυρίζοντας όμως στην συνειδητοποίηση και την δυνατότητά her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., theCodepreciation initially ofτα, part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

SONS AND Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: μας να Wil. εκτιμούμε τιςfor αξίες που όλα2009. αυτά πρωτεύουσας ή Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aδευτερέυουσας variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually σημασίας γεγονότα, εμπεριέχουν, βλέπουμε ότι

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

εφ΄οσον ο πολιτισμός γεννιέται κατ’εξοχήν από την πόλη, αυτό σημαίνει ότι, ανεξάρτητα εάν υπάρχουν έργα των ανθρώπων πέρα από τις πόλεις, η αξιολόγησή τους είναι δυνατή και κατανοητή, ακριβώς και λόγω της αστικής μας υπόστασης, των αστικών καταβολών, και της αστικής μας ιστορίας, με άλλα λόγια του αστικού μας πολιτισμού. Από μια άλλη άποψη όμως και διευρύνοντας κάπως τον προβληματισμό,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS θάλεγα ότι πολιτισμός είναι ο τρόπος που σκεφτόμαστε γι’αυτόν, ο Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, τρόπος με τον οποίο τον κατανοούμε και τον αντιμετωπίζουμε ως

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect κοινωνίες.

Student of the School of Architecture Η τελευταία αυτή σκεψη μας οδηγεί στοTechnical βασικό University ερώτημαofπου Crete θάθελα να θέσω εδώ, και το οποίο επικεντρώνεται στην σχέση 1. Introductory Defining concept άραγε η θεώρηση του πολιτισμού και approach: ανάπτυξης. Τι the σημαίνει 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, πολιτισμού ως εργαλείου ανάπτυξης; Μήπως σημαίνει ότι οι σημερινές ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the κοινωνίες, έχουν φτάσει σε ένα στάδιο που όλα τα συστατικά τους among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ειναι υποταγμένα σεstarts κάποιο αναπτυξιακό πλαίσιο, σε έναν acquisition of knowledge with thein definition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term αναπτυξιακό πολιτισμό; Η ακρβέστερα έναν κυρίαρχο σήμερα 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first,σεif (in not final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 «πολιτισμό της ανάπτυξης»; gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Φαίνεται λοιπόν, ότι δυστυχώς οι σημερινές κοινωνίες, και αυτό Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of την low-income and the placement there artists, το σχόλιο δεν αφορά μόνο Κύπρο, χωρίς μάλλον να ofέχουν the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other has, results also rising land prices (and the συνείδηση τουconsequences γεγονότος αφού είναι μέρος του,ofέχουν θεσμιστεί ωςof whatever otherκατασκευές. consequences has, results also τα rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). αναπτυξιακές Δεν εννοώ μόνον αναπτυξιακά έργα που potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found atγια first in the UK in earlyεξέλιξη, 1960s andαλλά it refers to προφανώς είναι απαραίτητα οποιαδήποτε την The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor υπόρρητη αναπτυξιακή ιδεολογία, η οποία θεωρείται πλέον ωςof the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents are αυτονόητη, αναντίρητη εξ’αυτού «φυσική» οδηγεί London, upgrade them, stayκαι themselves sometimes thereδιεργασία and thus oldκαι residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. νομοτελειακά σχεδόν σε επιλογές όπως πχ. η συγχρονη, σταδιακή being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth κατάργηση ανθρωπιστικών σπουδών πανεπιστήμια διεθνώς, A description of this phenomenon is situations includedστα inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at theτων same period, while similar recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major και ενinτέλει,δυστυχώς, εμπορευματοποίηση του πολιτισμού. cities Western countries,στην by other Researchers. cities countries, byότι otherιστορικά Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several and for κτίζεται its more Ηin Western αλήθεια είναι κάθεscholars πολιτισμός Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various κυριολεκτικά καταστρέφοντας τον προηγούμενο. Οι Βυζαντινοί πχ. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: κατέστρεψανof τους αρχαίους ναούς και τα αγάλματα, σήμερα στη Συρία interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: a sense, theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trend ofτα a new of social groups καιInστο Αφγανιστάν οι μεν isκαταστρέφουν μνημεία των δε, κάποιοι to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money άλλοι, υποτίθεται πιο πολιτισμένοι, καταστρέφουν πόλεις και γειτονιές and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the (που1.ofThe δεν κυρυγμένα μνημεία)....καταστρέφουν τα for πάντα termείναι from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS was born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, better Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: λοιπόν.....εξαφανίζουν οριστικά, έναν-κάποιοπολιτισμό στο σύνολό services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for του. lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 published regarding cityphenomenon planning. της In 1950 sheto became teacher the Ο she δικός μας studies συγχρονος πολιτισμός άραγεin τι to another approach, the is ανάπτυξης due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying κάνει??? ‘Ισως φαινομενικά να μην είναι τόσο βίαιος. Μήπως όμως her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: επειδή είναι υποδόριος είναι εξίσου καταστρεπτικός??

G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in orderΔεν to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Υπάρχει διέξοδος; γνωρίζω.........

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Typesθεωρία of Intervention, Μινιμαλισμός˙ ή στυλ Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Της κυρίας Ελ. ΧΑΤΖΗΝΙΚΟΛΑΟΥ Concerns

Αρχιτέκτ., MSc UCL (University College London) Εντετ. Διδάσκ. Σχ. Αρχιτεκτ. Πανεπ. Νεάπολις, Πάφος.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Αν ανατρέξει κανείς στο Oxford Dictionary ορισμός τη λέξη Student ofοthe School για of Architecture University Crete “minimalism”, ελληνοποιημένο μινιμαλισμός Technical ταυτίζεται με ofτρεις

50

προσεγγίσεις: 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Minimal art. Προσδιορισμός στη τέχνη (γλυπτική και 1. —Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ζωγραφική) η οποία αναπτύχθηκε τη δεκαετία του ’60-“principle”: στην Αμερική, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the με μότο τη φράση “You see what you see.” among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the — Σύγχρονο κίνημα στη μουσική οποίο χαρακτηρίζεται από την acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” aτοfirst, if of not final, approach, the term 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term επανάληψη πολύurban μικρών στοιχείων-φράσεων τα area οποία αλλάζουν (and gentrification) is of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various σταδιακά προκαλώντας ένα περιβάλλον ύπνωσης.

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, from this, (inartists, ways), social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement of —ofΕκούσια απουσία διακόσμησης και στολιδιών στηthere μόδα ήvarious τον ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless of σχεδιασμό. the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this “change”, regardless of whatever other has, results rising of land prices (and the Στηνother εγκυκλοπαίδεια Britannica ο also όροςrising “minimalism” ταυτίζεται whatever consequences has, results of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). με την ορολογία “minimal art”. Στην επεξήγηση υπάρχει αναφορά στο potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to μινιμαλισμό στη μουσική στο in design (εφαρμοσμένες τέχνες).

The term gentrification foundόχι atpeople first the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofisαλλά wealthy to buy property in poor Οιupgrade πιο πάνω ορισμοί αναφέρονται the then observed trend wealthy sometimes peopleκύρια to there buyστην property in(ζωγραφική, poor areas London, them, stay of themselves andτέχνη thus old residents areof London, upgrade them,μουσική stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are γλυπτική) και“squeezed”. στη και δευτερευόντως στις εφαρμοσμένες being indirectly being indirectly A description ofστις this phenomenon is included in the work Sociologist τέχνες (design)“squeezed”. οποίες θα μπορούσε κανείς να ofεντάξει και Ruth την A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Αρχιτεκτονική.

GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities inΤο Western countries, by otherτίθεται Researchers. ερώτημα το οποίο είναι, πότε εντάχθηκε ο όρος cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars for its more μινιμαλισμός βιβλιογραφικά στην Ιστορία και and Θεωρία της Since then, the issue has several scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the Αρχιτεκτονικής; comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: Αν ανατρέξει κανείς στο βιβλίο του Kenneth Frampton, Modern interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Architecture.

A critical History, ο όρος μινιμαλισμός δεν χρησιμοποιείται to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money ως time ιδιαίτερη με σαφή χαρακτηριστικά αρχιτεκτονικής and to travelκατηγορία from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS κριτικός wasbetter born in έκφρασης. αυτού η residencies ορολογία outside (critical sense of safetyΑντί at the distributed townregionalism) centres, search for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “atτα the heart of the city”,του (possibly) τοπικισμός θα μπορούσε ταυτιστεί με χαρακτηριστικά όρουfor Youth Unemployment.

The sameνα year she left Germany and after continuous movements lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, London and New York she back toFrampton, London, where μινιμαλισμός. Στην σελίδαPrague, δε 369 αναφερόμενος ο came Kenneth in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is(σύγχρονος due a systematic and στην αρχιτεκτονική του Peter Zumthor Ελβετός University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Αρχιτέκτονας) αναφέρει τον όρο Seeμινιμαλισμός “minimalism” and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: προσθέτοντας και τον όρο “phenomenology”, όρος ο οποίος έχει G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

εισαχθεί φιλοσοφικά από τον Heidegger και ο οποίος έχει σχέση με τον κριτικό τοπικισμό στον οποίο ο Kenneth Frampton αναφέρεται. Επίσης, ο William J.R. Curtis στο βιβλίο του Modern Architecture since 1900, δεν χρησιμοποιεί τον όρο minimalism (μινιμαλισμός). Κατ’ αυτόν η κατηγοριοποίηση (ταξινόμηση) των αντιπροσωπευτικών έργων κατά τις τελευταίες τρεις δεκαετίες του 20ου αιώνα καθορίζεται

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ως εξής: Harvard University, Design, Student, - Μοντέρνα αρχιτεκτονική και Graduate μνήμη. School Νέες of αντιλήψεις του

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect παρελθόντος.

Student of the School of Architecture - Το παγκόσμιο και το τοπικό. Τοπίο, κλίμα,Technical πολιτισμικά στοιχεία University of Crete - Τεχνολογία, αφαίρεση, ιδέες σε σχέση με τη φύση.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Ο Curtis αναφέρεται στην ψυχρή αφαίρεση και την αυστηρή 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, ελαχιστοποίηση μόνο σε σχέση με την Σκανδιναβική Αρχιτεκτονική.

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he ο left us, he established(444 aτου great the Που υπάρχει, λοιπόν, όρος μινιμαλισμός οποίου η χρήση among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. από τους ανθρώπους του design, κατά τις τελευταίες τρεις acquisition of knowledge starts with theιδιαίτερα the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term δεκαετίες και είναι ακόμα στο προσκήνιο; 1 (and Based, ήταν therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Ο μινιμαλισμός στην Αρχιτεκτονική όρος εμφανίστηκε το gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, theως removal this, (in various δεύτερο ήμισυ της δεκαετίας του ’70. Πολλά περιοδικά και εκδόσεις Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, of low-income thethis placement there of artists, ασχολήθηκαν με τονusually όρο σε σχέση με and μονογραφίες μεμονωμένων the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other π.χ. consequences has, results rising of land prices (and theof αρχιτεκτόνων τους Legoretta, Kahn,also Ando, Rossi, Ungers κ.τ.λ. whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results rising of land prices (and the potential relative Πρωτοεμφανίστηκε δημόσια ως also θεωρητική προσέγγιση τον potential relative speculation).

The term του gentrification found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refersμε to Δεκέμβριο 1988 στοis Ιταλικό Αρχιτεκτονικό περιοδικό Rassegna The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor θεματική έκδοση trend με τον wealthy τίτλο “Minimal” και property υπεύθυνο τον areas Ιταλόof the then observed people to there buy in poor London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are Αρχιτέκτονα καιthem, θεωρητικό του νέο-ρασιοναλισμού τηςold σχολής της London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes there and thus residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Βενετίας Gregotti. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth γεγονότα στο να επισημοποιηθεί ο other όροςmajor στη A Δύο description ofperiod, thisσυνέβαλαν phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major συγκεκριμένη συγκυρία cities in Western αυτή countries, by other Researchers. cities countries, byτης other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars more —inΗWestern ξεκάθαρη χρήση ορολογίας minimalism, “toand sayfor in its a world Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various what picture says.” comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, the following: — Η συγκέντρωση διεθνώςof πολλών αρχιτεκτόνων στο έργο των interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups οποίων διακρίνονται μινιμαλιστικά χαρακτηριστικά. Όπως: Ando, to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Kahn, Ungers, Isozaki, Baragan, Siza, Souto de Moura, Alejandro de la and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Sota,1.of Martinez, Herzoq de Meuron, Snozzi, Gregotti κ.τ.λ.

The termat comes from and Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search Berlin,Τη where she madeτου her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: δεκαετία ’90 η θεωρητική συζήτηση για τον μινιμαλισμό services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for γίνεται μέσα τα Prague, αρχιτεκτονικά περιοδικά όπως το etc.

Lotus lower living cost of,από “withdrawal” from private easier access to markets, studies and research in Geneva, London and car New York she came back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became the International, Croquis, Architectural Design, μέσα δεteacher του in ’90 to El another approach, the isστα due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying μεταφέρεται η τάση αυτή στην Αμερική μέσα από τις εκθέσεις. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of partConstruction” of the urban web,με in 10th edit.

COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Το Wil. 1955 στο ΜΟΜΑ η London έκθεση “Light Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aκαλλιτεχνικό variety of ways, in orderτον to achieve the “assisted”, (actually επιμελητή Riley φανερώνει πώς“voluntary”, μέσα από αυστηρές 252151 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

ορθογωνικές μορφές υλοποιείται η νέα αρχιτεκτονική ευαισθησία και πώς επιτυγχάνεται η απόσυρση από την μέχρι τότε εκφρασμένη μορφολογικά ρητορική. Ακόμα και σήμερα δεν έχουν αποσαφηνιστεί θεωρητικά οι λόγοι γένεσης (ύπαρξης) αυτής της τάσης τη δεδομένη χρονική συγκυρία όπως και οι ερμηνευτικές παραστάσεις της. Είναι ένα ανοιχτό θέμα για Mr.συγγραφή.

George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS τους θεωρητικούς προς συζήτησηByκαι

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Και επανερχόμαστε στο ερώτημα.

Student of the School of Architecture Μινιμαλισμός˙ θεωρία ή στυλ.

Technical University of Crete

Η προσέγγιση της πιο πάνω θέσης, θα έλεγε κανείς ότι ταυτίζεται

Introductory approach: Defining the concept τοποθετημένης σ’ ένα με 1.την ουσία της αρχιτεκτονικής πρακτικής, 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientπεριβάλλον.

Greek philosopher, συγκεκριμένο χωροχρονικό ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), amongΟother heritage heεξαρτάται left us, he από established a great the όροςwise μινιμαλισμός τον τρόπο με τον οποίο τον among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ορίζουμε και από τον starts τρόπο αντιλαμβανόμαστε τον ρόλο της acquisition of knowledge withπου theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term αρχιτεκτονικής και του αρχιτέκτονα επέκταση στη διαμόρφωση 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inκατ’ a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) indicated area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 του κοινωνικού γίγνεσθαι. gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, Είναι οofμινιμαλισμός: the operation art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has,(ουσιώδες) results alsoόπως risingπ.χ. of land (and theof Τοother απαραίτητο χρήσιμο στονprices προϊστορικό whatever other consequences resultsτων alsoΒασιλέων rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). οικισμό στη Χοιροκιτία, στουςhas, τάφους στην Πάφο, στο potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at(Cabanon, first in the UK in early 1960sστην and it εξοχική refers to εξοχικό σπίτι του Le Corbusier France 1951), The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers to the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor κατοικία των Herzoq and de Meuron (Tavole, Italy), κτλ. in poor areasofof the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are Διαχρονικά κατάstay τους αρχαίους χρόνουςthere το χρήσιμο αποτελούσε London, upgrade them, themselves sometimes and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. τη βάση της φιλοσοφίας και της αισθητικής. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A Κατά description ofperiod, this phenomenon is είναι included the work of Sociologist Ruth τον Σωκράτη το χρήσιμο καιinτο αισθητικά ωραίο.

GLASS at the same while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major αιώνες μετά ο Viollet-le-Duc cities inΜερικούς Western countries, by other Researchers. στο βιβλίο του “Discourses in Western countries, byυποστηρίζει other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several for its more ofcities Aesthetics” (1862-’72) ότι για scholars να είσαι and αληθινός στην Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Αρχιτεκτονική Τέχνη υπάρχουν δύο τρόποι: Πρώτον, να είσαι αληθινός comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification,Δεύτερον, the following: σύμφωνα με τις ανάγκες του προγράμματος. σύμφωνα με τις interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups μεθόδους κατασκευής. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money — Σε σχέση με το πρώτο πρέπει να εξυπηρετείς ακριβώς και απλά and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the τις προϋποθέσεις σχέση με τιςRuth ανάγκες.

1.of The termat comes from Sociologist GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the σε distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin,— where she made herτην first studies.

In 1932πρέπει she published an important study entitled: Σε σχέση με κατασκευή να υπηρετείς τα υλικά services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for σύμφωνα με τις καιfrom δυνατότητες lower living cost of,ποιότητες “withdrawal” private easier access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Newτους.

York she came to back to London, in According 1943Καλλιτεχνικές, she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 she teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due tobecame a systematic and αισθητικές και μορφολογικές αναζητήσεις είναι University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying δευτερεύουσες. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

52

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Η ανάδειξη του κενού χώρου, of Intervention, GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types όπως π.χ. στην Αρχαία Ελληνική Αρχιτεκτονική, στην Definition, Types ofστην intervention, Concerns of Gentrification παραδοσιακή Ιαπωνική Αρχιτεκτονική, αρχιτεκτονική του Mies van de Rohe, στην αρχιτεκτονική του David Chieperfield, στην Concerns αρχιτεκτονική του Zumthor, κτλ.

Η έμφαση στην πνευματικότητα μέσω μιας θεολογικής

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS προσέγγισης. Μεγάλη έμφαση προσδίδεται στη σχέση του χώρου με το Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, φως.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Η έμφαση στην αφαιρετική απλότητα γεωμετρικών Student of theτων School of Architecture στερεών και την ελάχιστη λειτουργία αυτών όπως π.χ. οιUniversity Πυραμίδες, η Technical of Crete δοκός επί στύλου στην Αρχαία Ελλάδα, η παραδοσιακή Αρχιτεκτονική, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept η αρχιτεκτονική του le Corbusier, ηtheαρχιτεκτονική Mies van der 1.

Introductory approach: Defining concept (444 BCτου ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, 370 BC, Athens), Rohe, η αρχιτεκτονική του Oscar Niemeyer, του David Chieperfield, του ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the Peter Zumthor, κτλ. among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Η therefore, χρήση των υλικών όχιthe μόνο σε σχέση με τις φυσικές acquisition of knowledge starts with the content of concepts.

Based, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the τους term 1 ιδιότητες αλλά με το τι αντιπροσωπεύουν Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification π.χ.as στην Ελληνική του Sociology well), asΑρχαία the “refining” of a cityΑρχιτεκτονική-εξιδανίκευση area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology asστην well), as the “refining” of a city area, removal this, (inartists, various μαρμάρου, αρχιτεκτονική του Mies Vanthe der Rohe,from του Herzoq and ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operationτου of artAlvaro galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of de Meuron, Siza, κτλ. the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this “change”, regardless of whatever other has, results rising of land prices (and the Ο ισότιμος χειρισμός της δομής και της μορφής όπως π.χ. στη whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relativeαρχιτεκτονική speculation). ή στην αρχιτεκτονική του Louis Kahn και παραδοσιακή potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to των Wiel Arets Architects, κτλ.

The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Η χρήση πρωταρχικών παγκόσμιων αρχετυπικών the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in εκφράσεων poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof London, them, stay themselves there and thus old residents are όπως π.χ.upgrade στην Αρχιτεκτονική του sometimes Δημήτρη Πικιώνη, ή στους SANAA, being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. κτλ.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS same while in other major Ηat the ενεργοποίηση των similar αισθήσεων καιinwere της ατομικής εμπειρίας GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities Western countries, by other Researchers.αντίληψης. Το φως, η ύλη, η μέσαinστα πλαίσια μιας φαινομενολογικής cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more σχέση μεταξύ χρήστη καιhas χώρου εντείνεται. Η κίνηση, η αφή, το Since then, the issue several scholars andthe forβλέμμα its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from various είναι σημαντικά στοιχεία στην πιο πάνω σχέση. below, from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: π.χ.of στη Βυζαντινή στην αρχιτεκτονική του interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In aΌπως sense, the phenomenon is dueΑρχιτεκτονική, togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Tadao Ando ή στην αρχιτεκτονική τουforZumthor, κτλ. high costs in money to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus several reasons: Η ερμηνεία του όρου μινιμαλισμός στην Ιαπωνική καιof the τη and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS was born Σκανδιναβική βασίζεται, στην προσέγγιση, sense of safety atπροσέγγιση the distributed residenciesκύρια outside townΙαπωνική centres, search for betterin Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, του education, entertainment “at the heart of theτη city”, (possibly) στην εμπειρία η she οποία προέρχεται Βουδιστική Youth Unemployment.

Theκενού same year left Germany and afterαπό continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, and New York she came backστις to London, παράδοση. Στο in πνεύμα wabi London και στις ιδέες του Ζεν, οποίες in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and επιτυγχάνεται η προσωπική επιβεβαίωση και απελευθέρωση μέσα από University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by aυλικό passionκόσμο. for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. τον διαχωρισμό από τον and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

54

Επηρεασμένη από την Ιαπωνική φιλοσοφία του Ζεν είναι η Αγγλική σχολή όπου ένας από τους χαρακτηρισμένους από τη βιβλιογραφία ως εκπροσώπους της, ο John Pawson, έζησε τέσσερα χρόνια στη χώρα αυτή και θήτευσε στη φιλοσοφία wabi. Κατά τον John Pawson ο μινιμαλισμός είναι το τρίπτυχο απλότητα (simplicity), αφαίρεση (reduction), ουσία (essence).

By Mr.από George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Μερικοί από τους ορισμούς την Αγγλοσαξονική πλευρά Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, όπως διατυπώνονται σε διάφορα άρθρα είναι:

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect — Ελαχιστοποίηση των στοιχείων της Αρχιτεκτονικής με κύρια Student of the School of Architecture χαρακτηριστικά την απλότητα, την γραμμικότητα, την ελαχιστοποίηση Technical University of Crete των χρωμάτων, του επιπέδου των λεπτομερειών.

1. Introductory approach: the concept — Η τελειότητα και ηDefining ποιότητα του αντικειμένου επιτυγχάνεται 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientκαι Greek philosopher, μέσα από την αφαίρεση όταν όλα τα συνιστάμενα στοιχεία, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the λεπτομέρειες, συνδέσεις ελαχιστοποιούνται στην(444 ουσία τους. among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts.

— Ελαχιστοποίηση της αρχιτεκτονικής στην πρωταρχική της ύλη, acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term το χώρο, καιon τηthis μάζα.

1φως Based,το therefore, “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Ο αγγλικός μινιμαλισμός αναπτύχθηκε μικρότερα έργα gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in από thefrom area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, theμέσα removal this, (in various και κύρια μέσα από εσωτερικούς χώρους (εσωτερικά σπιτιών, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement of artists, boutiques, galleries, εστιατόρια), μεetc.κύριους εκπρόσωπους του τους the operation of art galleries, restaurants, However this “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has,Silvestrin results also land prices (and theof David Chiperfield, John Pawson, καιrising TonyofFreton. whatever otherτις consequences has, results rising ofστο landσυγκεκριμένο prices (and the potential speculation). Εάνrelative όλες πιο πάνω απόψεις τιςalso εντάξουμε potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in earlyτότε 1960sμπορεί and it refers to χωροχρονικό περιβάλλον στο οποίο αναφέρονται, κανείς The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor να σε δύοtrend προσεγγίσεις: theοδηγηθεί then observed wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof Η προσέγγιση λέει ότι μετά από περιόδους κρίσης γίνεται London, upgrade them,που stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ανακύκλωση της αρχιτεκτονικής και επιστροφή σε αρχέτυπες μορφές. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Αρχιτεκτονική Αρχαίων A—description ofperiod, thisτων phenomenon isχρόνων. included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Μοντερνισμός ’20 Researchers. σε αντιδιαστολή με την ακαδημαϊκή cities in— Western countries,του by other cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue several scholars and for its more αιώνα (νεοκλασικισμός). αρχιτεκτονική του 19ουhas Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andτη for μεγάλη its more comprehensive approach are being summarized the various — Μπρουταλισμός μετά το international Style from και comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: εμπορευματοποίηση της αρχιτεκτονικής. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a— sense, theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Μινιμαλισμός του is ’80 ως αποτέλεσμα της μεταμοντέρνας to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money κοινωνίας και της μεταμοντέρνας αρχιτεκτονικής (η αρχιτεκτονική η and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the οποία βασίζεται στον νεοκλασικισμό καιcentres, στην 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth αναγνωρίσιμη GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the κύρια distributed residencies outside town search Berlin, whereδιακόσμηση). she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: συμβολική services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Το σεin έκθεση στη Βαρκελώνη με “Less is London, More” οι lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access to markets, etc.where studies and1996 research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier Yorkθέμα she came back to in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher της in the επιμελητές της έκθεσης υποστήριξαν ότι, στην εξέλιξη to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying αρχιτεκτονικής πραγματικότητας υπάρχουν γεγονότα κρίσης όπου her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of partαρχών. of the urban web,τη in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: κυκλικά αναζητούν μια επαναφορά των βασικών Κατά Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aγνώμη variety τους of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually αυτό το Abstract. ξανα-κοίταγμα έχει σαν αποτέλεσμα την

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Κάποιοι από τους θεωρητικούς θεωρούν την περίοδο του μινιμαλισμού Concerns σαν επανάληψη του μοντέρνου κινήματος του ’20. επιστροφή στην αρχή, όπου η σημασία υπήρχε στην ουσία και όχι στην διακόσμηση.

Παρ’ όλα αυτά οι βασικές διαφορές μεταξύ των δύο περιόδων Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS επιγραμματικά εντοπίζονται στα By εξής: Harvard University, Graduate και School of Design,από Student, — Οι αρχές του μοντέρνου κινήματος κάποιες τις

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect εφαρμογές του είχαν σαν στόχο την κοινωνία (ιδεολογικός στόχος).

Student of the School of Architecture — Η αρχιτεκτονική γίνεται πιο άυλη αφού χρησιμοποιεί Technical University of σαν Crete βασικές προϋποθέσεις και συνθετικά υλικά (τον ήλιο, το φως, τον 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept αέρα, το πράσινο).

1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientδομή Greek — Η κατασκευαστική μεphilosopher, τη χρήση νέων υλικών λόγω της ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the βιομηχανικής επανάστασης αναπαράγει την κατασκευαστική δομή της among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. αρχαιότητας επί στύλου, ελευθερία στο χώρο. acquisition of δοκός knowledge starts withεπιτυγχάνοντας theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Η therefore, έκφραση των χαρακτηριστικών του μινιμαλισμού 1 (and urban Based, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 δημιουργείται κατά την περίοδο άνθησης της μεταμοντέρνας gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (inεποχής various και κοινωνίας.

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, Κατά την περίοδο δηλαδή όπου η However κοινωνία σε“change”, όλες τις εκφάνσεις the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof της χαρακτηρίζεται: whatever other consequences has, results rising of landτο prices (andτο the potential relative — Από τη speculation). μαζική κουλτούρα με also παραπροϊόντα kitsch, potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to λαϊκισμό και την απογείωση των υλικών αγαθών.

The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor — Από τον καπιταλισμό και τονpeople άκρατο νεοφιλελευθερισμό the then observed trend wealthy to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof — Την απουσία ιδεολογιών.

London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Οι διαφορές δηλαδή κύρια εντοπίζονται απουσία being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work ofστην Sociologist Ruth ιδεολογικών στόχων στηνsimilar αναφορά του in αρχιτεκτονικού προϊόντος A description ofperiod, thisκαι phenomenon is situations included the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while were in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major στη μέση και ανώτερη και όχι στην ευρύτερη κοινωνία. cities in Western countries,αστική by otherτάξη Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue several scholars and for itsότι more Παρ’ όλα αυτά από has πολλούς θεωρητικούς υποστηρίζεται ο Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various μινιμαλισμός στην αρχιτεκτονική της περιόδου αυτής αποτελούσε το comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, ου αιώνα. τελευταίο σκαλί του μοντέρνουof των αρχών τουthe 20following: interpretations the phenomenon the following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Η δεύτερη προσέγγιση υποστηρίζει ότι category ο μινιμαλισμός δεν to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money έρχεται σε αντίθεση με τη μοντέρνα κοινωνία αλλά είναι προϊόν αυτής. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Είναι δηλαδή έκφραση αρχιτεκτονικής μόδας και αλλαγής γούστου.

1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin,τον where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published anαστικής important τάξης study entitled: Κατά Jenks ο μινιμαλισμός είναι η έκφραση της στη services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for νεωτερικότητα. Αφορά δηλαδή τοand“life-style” τωνto πλουσίων. Η lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private car access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London Neweasier York she came back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacherτων in the πνευματικότητα του μινιμαλισμού εμπεριέχεται υλικότητα to another approach, the is στην due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying πιο ακριβών εμπορικών αντικειμένων. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Οι Jenks, Ibeling και Concerns Macarthur θεωρούν ότι τα μινιμαλιστικά

κτήρια σαν φυσικά αντικείμενα καθορίζονται από τη δική τους αυτόνομη μορφολόγιση σ’ ένα νεωτερικό στυλ. C. ATHANASOPOULOS

By Mr. George-Sp.

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS Αποτελούν δηλαδή, μέρος όλης αυτής C.της καταναλωτικής Architect of the School Architecture προσπάθειας αναπαραγωγής των υλικώνStudent αγαθών μέσα απόofπαροδικές Technical University of Crete μόδες. Στην υπηρεσία αυτού του μηχανισμού 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept και συστήματος είναι και 1. Introductory Defining the concept (444 BC η διαφήμιση μέσαapproach: απόancient τα περιοδικά αρχιτεκτονικά και- 370 μη, BC, ξεκινώντας ANTISTHENIS, the Greek philosopher, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), από το κέλυφος και φτάνοντας μέχρι και το πιο μικρό αντικείμενο. among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the amongΑναφέρονται other wise heritage he left us,definition he a great the δε όλες τιςestablished ανθρώπινες εκφράσεις acquisition of knowledge startsσε with the of the content of“principle”: concepts. και acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, theμνεία term αισθήσεις, ιδιαίτερα την αναψυχή και ξεκούραση μεapproach, ιδιαίτερη 1 (and urban therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification τωνBased, χώρων εκείνων και των απαραίτητων αντικειμένων τους σε the σχέση 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various με την αναζωογόνηση του ανθρώπινου σώματος. Οι from χώροι αυτοί, οι Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement there οποίοι είναι πολύ της μόδας, είναι οι διαφόρων τύπων χώροι spa.of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”,there regardless of Τοother ερώτημα του τίτλου επανατοποθετείται καιprices διευρύνεται. the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever has, results risingthis of “change”, land (and theof Άραγε οι δύο αυτές προσεγγίσεις που αναφέρθηκαν πιο πάνω whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). αντιπροσωπεύουν το δίλημμα θεωρία η πρώτη καιitτο στυλ The term gentrification is found τη at first in the(ουσία) UK in early 1960s and refers to The ηterm gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto (μόδα) δεύτερη; the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor

56

the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Διάλεξη 17/05/2016 being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Στέγη γραμμάτων και Τεχνών A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Πάφος, Κύπρος GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Βιβλιογραφία interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” Frampton, to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money -Kenneth Modern Architecture.

A critical History, Thames & and time to traveloffrom purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Hudson world Art,the 2007 1.of The termat from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, -William J. R.comes Curtis, Modern Architecture since 1900, Phaidon Press Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for 1996 lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, -Vladimir Stevanovic, Aapproach, reading ofcity interpretative modes of minimalism in According 1943 she published studies regarding planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another the phenomenon is due a systematic and inUniversity Architecture, 10/12/2013 College ofΔιαδίκτυο, London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. -Charles Jencks, The New Paradigm in Architecture: Language and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part The of the urban web,of in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Postmodernism, Yale University Press, New Haven, London, 2002.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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ΠΟΛΙΤΙΣΤΙΚΕΣ ΔΡΑΣΕΙΣ ΤΕΧΝΟΛΟΓΙΚΟΥ GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types ΤΟΥ of Intervention, ΕΚΠΑΙΔΕΥΤΙΚΟΥ ΙΔΡΥΜΑΤΟΣ Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification ΙΟΝΙΩΝ ΝΗΣΩΝ 2010-2015 Concerns

Της Κυρίας Ευγενίας - Μαρίας Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS

Το ΤΕΙ Ιονίων Νήσων συμβάλλει θετικά καιofπρωτοποριακά Harvardέχει University, Graduate School Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect στα εκπαιδευτικά και ερευνητικά δεδομένα τηςC. τοπικής κοινωνίας Student of the School of Architecture όσον αφορά στην πλειοψηφία των Τμημάτων του. Οι συνεργασίες με Technical University of Crete τους ήδη υπάρχοντες φορείς αλλά και με νέους στο μέλλον θα συμβάλλουν στην αναβάθμιση καθιέρωση του Τεχνολογικού 1. Introductory approach: Definingκαι the concept 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept Εκπαιδευτικού Ιδρύματος Ιονίων Νήσων στον επαγγελματικό και ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), εκπαιδευτικό χώρο όσοhe και στην παγκόσμια καλλιτεχνική among other wise heritage left us, he established a great “principle”: και the among other wise heritage he left us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the ofκαλλιτεχνικών the content concepts. επιστημονική σκακιέρα. Μέσω πρωτότυπων δρώμενων, acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term μέσω των πιο επίκαιρων θεμάτων για διερεύνηση, μέσω διεθνών 1 (and urban Based, therefore, this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification διαγωνισμών, μέσωonτης δημιουργίας «πολύτεχνου» και συνεργασιών 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various των Σχολών Καλών Τεχνών μεofτο Ίδρυμα, τοremoval ΤΕΙ Ιονίων Νήσων θα Sociology as well), as the “refining” a city area, the from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, αποτελέσει έναν πιο usually ενισχυμένο πυρήνα δημιουργίας της regardless σύγχρονης ways), of social groups, of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there of εποχής όπως και πόλο έλξης και τόπο συνάντησης ακόμα the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and πιο theof σημαντικών φορέων και εξεχουσών προσωπικοτήτων. whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). Ο στόχος της διοργάνωσης πολιτιστικών καλλιτεχνικών The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in earlyκαι 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification foundΕκπαιδευτικού atpeople first in the UK Ιδρύματος in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor δράσεων του Τεχνολογικού των Ιονίων the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof Νήσων είναι η παρουσίαση πρωτότυπου καλλιτεχνικού και London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. πολιτιστικού έργου στην τοπική κοινωνία και εν συνεχεία η επίτευξη being indirectly “squeezed”. description of this phenomenon is included in theπρωτοποριακή work of Sociologist Ruth τηςAAγνώσης μέσα από την ενδιαφέρουσα οπτική description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations includedκαι inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major που αναδεικνύουν οι εκάστοτε εκδηλώσεις τωνrecorded διαφορετικών σε GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. λειτουργία καιthe ταυτόχρονα πρωτοποριακών Τμημάτων του for Ιδρύματος. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, issue has several scholars and its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more Πιο συγκεκριμένα, το «Τμήμα Προστασίας και Συντήρησης comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Πολιτισμικής ofΚληρονομιάς» έδρα τη Ζάκυνθο και το «Τμήμα interpretations the phenomenonμε of gentrification, the following: interpretations of the και phenomenon thecategory following: Τεχνολογίας Ήχου Μουσικών με έδρα την Κεφαλονιά In a sense, the phenomenon is dueof togentrification, aΟργάνων» trend of a new of social groups to “return” to theστην city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: costs in money στοχεύουν ανάδειξη πολλαπλών και high νεωτεριστικών and time to travelόσον from the purlieus downtown, where work place is, lack of the προσεγγίσεων αφορά σταtoπολιτιστικά, μουσικά και απαραίτητα 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, εκπαιδευτικά ταstudies. οποίαInαποτελούν και πρωτοποριακή Berlin, where sheδεδομένα made her first 1932 she published an important studyδίοδο entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment.

The same year she leftιδρύματα Germany and after continuous που συνενώνει τα πανεπιστημιακά εντός και εκτός συνόρωνfor lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, και δημιουργεί ευκαιρίες ανάδειξης τόσο των in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due aκαλλιτεχνικών systematic and University informal College of London, continued her social research.

Her public and προσωπικοτήτων όσοbywhere καιsheτης πολιτιστικής και brokers καλλιτεχνικής long-term effort organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. κληρονομιάς των Επτανήσων σε τοπικό και παγκόσμιο επίπεδο. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Το φολκλόρ και η παράδοση, η φιλοσοφία και η αισθητική της μουσικής, οι κανόνες και τα πρότυπα, οι κοινωνικές συμβάσεις και επιταγές προτάσσουν συγκεκριμένους τρόπους εκτίμησης και απορρόφησης της κουλτούρας οι οποίες όμως μπορούν να καθοριστούν εκ νέου μέσω μιας νεωτεριστικής προσέγγισης της έννοιας της συνολικότερης τέχνης. Ο λόγος για το παρελθόν παρόλα

By Mr.καθώς George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS αυτά, κρίνεται εντελώς απαραίτητος ανοίγει μια συζήτηση για Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, την ερμηνεία της πραγματικότητας και των πολύπλευρων διαστάσεών

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect της. Το παρελθόν διαμορφώνει το μέλλον, για την ακρίβεια παρελθόν Student of the School of Architecture και μέλλον συνδιαμορφώνονται και αναπροσαρμόζουν τα δεδομένα Technical University of Crete κάθε τοπικής κοινωνίας και ευρύτερα.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Οι τέχνες αποτελούσαν ανέκαθεν ιδιαίτερο πεδίο ενδιαφέροντος 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Greekόχι philosopher, καιANTISTHENIS, ειδικώτερα γιαthe τα ancient Ιόνια Νησιά μόνο λόγω της Ενετικής επιρροής ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wiseτης heritage he left us,τους he established a great the αλλά και λόγω γεωγραφικής θέσης η(444 οποία τα καθιστούσε among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. κέντρα πολιτισμού καθώς συνδέονταν με τις πλησιέστερες acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content ofΕυρωπαϊκές concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term χώρες πολύ από ότι άλλες Ελλαδικού χώρου.

1περισσότερο Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated aπεριοχές first, if (in notτου final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Η κάθε δράση που έχει διοργανώσει το Τεχνολογικό Εκπαιδευτικό gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various ίδρυμα των Ιονίων Νήσων, έχει το δικό της χαρακτήρα. Ταυτόχρονα, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually ofμαζί low-income and thethis placement of artists, αναδεικνύει και μία θεματική με προβληματισμό της εποχής. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.έναν However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other has,δράσης results also rising ofστην landαναζήτηση prices (and και theof Η ανάλυση και consequences αποτίμηση κάθε μας οδηγεί whatever other consequences has, results also rising land prices (and the potential relative speculation). δημιουργία ενός ευρύτερου συνόλου δράσεων το of οποίο θα αναδείξει potential relative speculation).

The term is found at first in the UK in early 1960s andδράσης. it refers to τελικά και gentrification τον πρωτότυπο χαρακτήρα κάθε μεμονωμένης Ο The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor κύκλος που προκύπτει από το μερικό στο ολικό και από το ολικό στο the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof μερικό εξασφαλίζει την ποιότητα και την μοναδική σημαντικότητα του London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. όλου εγχειρήματος των φορέων του Ιδρύματος. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth

58

A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major *Δράσεις σχετικές μεResearchers. την Κατεύθυνση Προστασίας και cities in Western countries, by other cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, Πολιτισμικής the issue has several scholars and for its more Συντήρησης Κληρονομιάς Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andτο for2009 its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Το Τμήμα αυτό ξεκίνησε την επίσημη λειτουργία του με comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: εργαστήρια φυσικοχημείας, συντήρησης ζωγραφικών και ανόργανων interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueυλικών togentrification, a trend of aεργαστήριο new of social groups υλικών, συντήρησης ευπαθών και πληροφορικής to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money τα οποία ενίσχυσαν την ανάδειξη των νέων τεχνικών αποκατάστασης and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the των1.κειμηλίων καιdistributed τωνSociologist έργων τέχνης. Το περιβάλλον, ο search πολιτισμός, termat comes from Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter bornηin sense ofThe safety the residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where sheηmade her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: έρευνα και καινοτομία αποτέλεσαν αντικείμενα μελέτης του services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Τμήματος αυτού. ΗGeneva, σύνδεση της Κατεύθυνσης αυτής μεmarkets, τα Τμήματα lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access etc.where studies and research Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

1950 sheto became teacher in the Πληροφορικής τόσο στον ελληνικό χώρο Inόσο και στο εξωτερικό to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying αποδείχθηκε ευεργετική καθώς συνέβαλλε στην δημιουργία μιας her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.που Wil. SONS AND Ltd. 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: διόδου λειτουργεί άμεσα καιLondon αποτελεσματικά όσον αφορά στην Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: wetzel/gentry.htm aπροστασία variety of ways, order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually και τηinσυντήρηση τηςhttp://www.uncanny.net/ πολιτισμικής κληρονομιάς.

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Το πεδίο της συντήρησης μουσικών οργάνων GENTRIFICATION Definition, Typesκαιofεπισκευής Intervention, παραδοσιακών και μη εξοικείωσε τους συμμετέχοντες με την ιστορία, Definition, Types of intervention, ofκαι Gentrification τη χρήση, τηConcerns σωστή συντήρηση επισκευή των μουσικών οργάνων τους και ιδιαίτερα μέσα από ειδικές επιδείξεις και πρακτική εφαρμογή Concerns των διδασκόμενων μεθόδων.

Απώτερος στόχος του προγράμματος ήταν ο χώρος των Mr.πλούσια George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Επτανήσων, εκμεταλλευόμενος By την και μοναδική μουσική Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, παράδοσή του, να καταστεί πανελλαδικό σημείο αναφοράς όσον

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect αφορά στο αντικείμενο της επιστημονικής συντήρησης των Student of the School of Architecture παραδοσιακών οργάνων.

Technical University of Crete Η δυνατότητα συνεργασίας του Τμήματος Προστασίας και 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Συντήρησης Πολιτισμικής Κληρονομιάς του ΤΕΙ Ιονίων Νήσων με τα 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, μουσεία της Ζακύνθου κρίνεται υψίστης σημασίας Δράση καθώς ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the αποτελεί βασικό άξονα σύνδεσης της Επτανησιακής κουλτούρας με την among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ιστορία καιofτις ρίζες της.starts with the definition of the content of concepts. acquisition knowledge Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term Ο κύκλος με θέματα συντήρηση και 1 (andδιαλέξεων Based, therefore, on this “principle” inσχετικά a first, if με notτη final, approach, the τον term urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 πολιτισμό αφορούσε σε πολύ συγκεκριμένα θέματα όπως: gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various -ways), Δυτικοευρωπαϊκές επιδράσεις στην Μεταβυζαντινή Αγιογραφία της Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), ofκαι social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, Κρήτης των Ιονίων Νήσων the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever otherκαι consequences has, results rising of land prices (and theof -Πολιτισμός Τεχνολογία: Μια also Πρόσφατη Σχέση. Διδασκαλία whatever other consequences has, results rising of land prices (andμε the potential relative μαθημάτων με speculation). θέμα τον πολιτισμό στηνalso τριτοβάθμια εκπαίδευση potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to χρήση της ψηφιακής τεχνολογίας The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in Ανακάλυψηpoor -Aπολιθωμένο Δάσος της Λέσβου: the then observed trend wealthy people toΔημιουργίαbuy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof ΠροστασίαΈργα Συντήρησης London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”.

-Συντήρηση Χειρογράφων από Αιθιοπία being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth -Βυζαντινές Μεταβυζαντινές Τοιχογραφίες στη A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included in theΖάκυνθο work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the&same while similar were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major -Υφάσματα τουcountries, Αγ. Όρους: Καταγραφή & Συντήρηση cities in Western by other Researchers. cities in&Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, issue has several scholars and for its more -Τέχνη Νέεςthe Tεχνολογίες Since then, the issue has several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from -Συντήρηση Φορητών Εικόνων: Παναγία η Επισκοπιανή comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Οι διαλέξεις αυτές περιείχαν ποικίλα θέματα τα οποία interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, το theof phenomenon is dueof toενδιαφέροντος, a trend of a new of socialσε groups διευρύνουν γεωγραφικό πεδίο απευθύνονταν ένα to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money ευρύτερο κοινό πέρα από μαθησιακό, είχαν επιμορφωτικό χαρακτήρα and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the και 1. ανέδειξαν πτυχές του πολιτισμού λιγότερο γνωστές. termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In θέμα 1932 she published anκαι important study entitled: Το Διεθνές Σεμινάριο με «Θρησκεία Διαφωτισμός» services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for εστίασε σεresearch μιαof, σημαντική διάσταση για της με τις lower living cost “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and in Geneva, Prague, London and τη Newσχέση York she cameθρησκείας back to London, in According 1943 sheΔιαφωτισμού. published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the ιδέες του to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Φιλοδοξία του σεμιναρίου ήταν να εξελιχθεί σε έναν θεσμό που θα her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd.για London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: αποτελούσε κέντροetc., αναφοράς τη2009. συνεργασία ερευνητών που Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aπροέρχονταν variety of ways, order to achieve “assisted”,Με “voluntary”, (actually απόin την περιοχή τηςthe Μεσογείου. προσκεκλημένους 252159 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

60

έγκριτους επιστήμονες από σημαντικά εκπαιδευτικά ιδρύματα της Ελλάδας και του εξωτερικού, συζητήθηκαν ζητήματα σχετικά με τις θέσεις του κινήματος του Διαφωτισμού που αναπτύχθηκαν στη Σκωτία και η σχέση τους με τη θρησκεία. Η ομάδα εργασίας που διενέργησε μελέτη για τη φυσική και πολιτισμική κληρονομιά της Ζακύνθου και της Κεφαλονιάς παρήγαγε

By Mr.την George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS πρωτότυπο έργο καθώς ανέδειξε αρχιτεκτονική πολιτισμική Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, κληρονομιά της Ζακύνθου μετά από την επιλογή μελέτης

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect αρχιτεκτονικών μνημείων με γνώμονα τοStudent γεγονός ότι τα μνημεία αυτά of the School of Architecture δεν είναι ευρέως γνωστά, αλλά έχουν υψηλή ιστορική Technicalσημαντικότητα University of Crete και παράλληλα υπάρχει ανάγκη περαιτέρω έρευνας και μελέτης τους, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept υπάρχει και η ανάγκη στις περισσότερες δε των περιπτώσεων 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, αποκατάστασής τους.

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he leftτης us,πόλης he established a great the Στην ευρύτερη περιοχή της Ζακύνθου επιλέχθηκαν τα among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ακόλουθα: acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Η γέφυρα του Αργασίου, στα Βρυσάκια, η 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle”το inindicated aΥδραγωγείο first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Παναγία η Σκοπιώτισσα, το Αρχοντικό Μεσσαλά, ο Μύλος του Ρορού, η gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Βαρδιόλα στο Μικρό Νησί, οι λαξευτοί ληνοί. Στόχος του προγράμματος Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), social groups, usually ofάμεσο low-income andτα the placement of artists, ήταν ναofχρησιμοποιηθούν στο μέλλον στοιχεία τηςthere μελέτης σε the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever otherμε consequences has, results also rising prices (and the συνδυασμό νέες τεχνολογίες ώστε ναof land ενημερωθούν οιof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (andκαι the potential relative ενδιαφερόμενοι και τα μνημεία αυτά να τύχουν περαιτέρω έρευνας potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to μελέτης.

The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trendΠροστασίας ofiswealthy buy property inΠολιτισμικής poor Το Τμήμα και totoΣυντήρησης the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves there and thus old residents areof Κληρονομιάς της Ζακύνθου, συνέχισε κανονικά καιthus αδιάλειπτα London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and old residentsτο are being indirectly “squeezed”. επιστημονικό του έργο ερευνώντας τους ναούς και τις μονές της being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Κεφαλονιάς καιofperiod, της Ζακύνθου. πρωταρχικός σκοπός ήτανmajor να A description this phenomenon isΟsituations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major εξεταστεί η αρχιτεκτονική του κάθε μνημείου και, με βάση τα ιστορικά cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue στην has scholars and its more στοιχεία, να ενταχθεί ιστορία καιseveral την παράδοση τηςforεκάστοτε Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various κοινότητας. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations theτα phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Οι ναοίofκαι μοναστήρια αποκτούν ιδιαίτερο χαρακτήρα όταν interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense,με theτην phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups συνδεθούν τοπική κοινωνία. Οι παραδόσεις που συνδέονται με to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money τα κτίρια δίνουν μια διαφορετική χροιά στα ίδια τα μνημεία. Στο and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the εσωτερικό φυλάσσονται σημαντικά έργα τέχνης. Οι εκκλησιαστικοί 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, search Berlin, where she made her firstπαράδοσης studies. In 1932του she published anείναι important study entitled: θησαυροί, τμήμα της τόπου, ανάγκη να services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for διαφυλαχθούν κληροδότημα για τις easier επόμενες γενιές, καθώς lower living cost of,ως “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.

1950 sheto became teacherκάτι in the αντιπροσωπεύουν συγκεκριμένες στιγμές τηςInιστορίας που πάντα to another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying μας διδάσκει. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, for the depreciation initially ofπολιτιστικού part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

SONS AND Co Ltd. 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ΣεWil. μίαCOLLINS ακόμηetc., δράση για τηνLondon ανάδειξη του πλούτου Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aτων variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Ιονίων Νήσων προχώρησε τo Τμήμα Προστασίας και Συντήρησης

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Πολιτισμικής Κληρονομιάς του ΤΕΙ Ιονίων Νήσων στη Ζάκυνθο. Η δράση αφορούσε στην πρωτότυπη συλλογή πολιτιστικού υλικού σε ψηφιακή μορφή, που ήδη παρουσιάστηκε σε τοπικά σχολεία και η οποία διαρθρώθηκε με απλό και κατανοητό τρόπο, ώστε μελλοντικά να αποτελέσει το πρόπλασμα για μια εικονική ξενάγηση μέσω υπολογιστή στον πολιτισμό των δύο νησιών.

By Mr. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Η μελέτη έγινε στο πλαίσιο τουGeorge-Sp. προγράμματος «Εκπαιδευτικές Harvard University, Graduate School of δράσεις για την ανάδειξη του πολιτιστικού πλούτουDesign, των Student, Ιονίων

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Νήσων». Θεωρώντας ως πολιτιστική κληρονομιά κάθε υλικό ή άυλο Student of the School of Architecture πνευματικό δημιούργημα, καθώς και τις Technical εκφράσεις καιof Crete τις University δραστηριότητες που αποτελούν μαρτυρίες πολιτισμού (από τη 1. Introductory approach: Defining concept μουσική, τους χορούς και τα έθιμα the μέχρι τους μύθους και τα δρώμενα), 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, σχεδιάστηκε και η the καταγραφή-μελέτη του πολιτισμικού περιβάλλοντος ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the των δύο γειτονικών νησιών του Ιονίου, Ζακύνθου και Κεφαλονιάς, για among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. την ανάδειξη της ιστορικής τους με έναν τρόπο που να acquisition of knowledge starts with theδιαδρομής, the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term συνομιλεί το παρόν.

1 (and Based, με therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification

1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various *Δράσεις με την Μουσικής, Sociology as well), as σχετικές the “refining” of a city area, the fromthere this, (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andΚατεύθυνση theremoval placement of ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Τεχνολογίας Ήχου, Ψηφιακών Μέσων the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has, results alsoκαι risingΜουσικών of land pricesΟργάνων (and theof Τοother Τμήμα Τεχνολογίας Ήχου whatever other consequences has, resultsμουσικής also rising με of land (and the potential relative speculation). διοργάνωσε εκδηλώσεις σύγχρονης τη prices υποστήριξη potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to προηγμένου εξοπλισμού ταat first οποία διαθέτει η Κατεύθυνση, The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor προβάλλοντας έτσι τον συνδυασμό μουσικής και τεχνολογίας πουof the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents are απαντάται στη σημερινή εποχή. Προσεγγίσεις της and σύγχρονης ηχητικής London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. τεχνολογίας όπως soundscapes, live electronics, βίντεο being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth αυτοσχεδιασμούς καιphenomenon ηχητικά καθώς καιinwere εικονικά A description ofperiod, this is situations included the work ofπεριβάλλοντα Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major αποτελούν καίριες δημιουργίες των φοιτητών του Τμήματος ενώ η cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then,μουσική the issueτεχνολογία, has several επεξεργασία scholars and for its και more δημιουργική η ψηφιακή ήχου η Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various οργανοχρησία αποτελούν επίκαιρα αντικείμενα μελέτης τα οποία comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: ερευνώνται στη σύγχρονη εποχή της ψηφιακής τέχνης και των interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, art. theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups multimedia to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Επιπλέον, η συμβολή της τεχνολογίας στο μουσικό χώρο έχει and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the εισάγει νέους τρόπους ακρόασης καιGLASS, εκ νέου προσέγγιση και εκτίμηση 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made herΤο firstτι studies.

In 1932 she publishedδεν an important study entitled: του όρου «μουσική». ορίζεται ως μουσική οριοθετείται στη services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for σύγχρονη εποχή καθώς ο κάθε μουσικός ή she ερευνητής να lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York came to back toμπορεί London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the δημιουργήσει δική του μουσική παλέτα, προτείνοντας δεδομένα toτη another approach, the phenomenon is due a νέα systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying στο χώρο της μουσικής ακρόασης και επιτέλεσης. Η δημιουργία νέων her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London όπως 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: μορφών τέχνης μέσω της μουσικής το video art αποτελεί Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aπρωτοποριακή variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually βάση στην εκπαίδευση και εν τέλει διαμορφώνει τα

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

επίκαιρα καλλιτεχνικά και μουσικά δεδομένα. Τα μουσικά δρώμενα διαμορφώνονται βάσει του υποκειμενικού πλέον στοιχείου ή του στοιχείου της συνένωσης μιας συλλογικότητας η οποία αποδίδει με μοναδικό τρόπο την αποτύπωση μιας καλλιτεχνικής δημιουργίας. Η εκδήλωση σχετικά με το παραδοσιακό μουσικό όργανο του «άσκαυλου» που διοργανώθηκε από το Τμήμα Τεχνολογίας Ήχου και

By Mr. σημασίας George-Sp.καθώς C. ATHANASOPOULOS Μουσικών Οργάνων κρίνεται ειδικής επαναφέρει το Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, ζήτημα της επιτέλεσης και απόδοσης της παραδοσιακής μουσικής

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect βάσει παρελθοντικών τακτικών. Ταυτόχρονα αναδεικνύει πτυχές του Student of the School of Architecture πολιτισμού των Επτανήσων οι οποίες είναι λιγότερο γνωστές στοofευρύ Technical University Crete κοινό.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Η Κοινωφελής Επιχείρηση Δήμου Κεφαλονιάς και το Τμήμα 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, BC, Athens), Τεχνολογίας Ήχουtheκαι Μουσικών Οργάνων (444 του BC ΤΕΙ- 370 Ιονίων Νήσων ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the διοργάνωσαν μουσική εκδήλωση για την πρώτη εμφάνιση της among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Ορχήστρας του Μουσικού του Τμήματος, στο Δημοτικό acquisition ofκαι knowledge starts withΣυνόλου theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Θέατρο «Ο“principle” ΚΕΦΑΛΟΣ» και 1 (and urban Based,Αργοστολίου therefore, on this inindicated a στις first, if14 notΔεκεμβρίου final, approach, theστο term gentrification) is (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Δημοτικό Θέατρο Ληξουρίου «ΤΟ ΜΑΡΚΑΤΟ» στις 15 Δεκεμβρίου gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various αντίστοιχα. Ο θεσμός της «ορχήστρας» προβάλλει την έννοια της Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, συλλογικότητας και αποτελούσε ανέκαθεν παραδοσιακό στοιχείο των the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other has, results rising ofστην land εδραίωση prices (andτου theof Επτανήσων. Η consequences εκδήλωση είχε στόχο ναalso βοηθήσει whatever other consequences has, results alsoτόσο rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). Μουσικού Τμήματος του ΤΕΙ Ιονίων Νήσων στην τοπική κοινωνία potential relative speculation).

The term is found at first in theκρίνεται UK in early and it refers to όσο και σταgentrification Ιόνια Νησιά. Η Δράση αυτή ως 1960s πρωτότυπη γιατί The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor προάγει τον θεσμόtrend της «ορχήστρας», κάτιtoτοbuy οποίο έχει αναδειχθεί σε the then observed wealthy sometimes people in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves thereproperty and thus old residents areof πολύ λιγότερο βαθμό με άλλες μουσικές London, upgrade them, σε stayσχέση themselves sometimes thereεκδηλώσεις. and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Μια ξεχωριστή εκδήλωση με οπτικοακουστικά διοργάνωσε being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work έργα of Sociologist Ruth στηAΖάκυνθο το of Τμήμα Τεχνολογίας Ήχου και Μουσικών του description this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Οργάνων Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major ΤΕΙ Ιονίων Νήσων, στο πλαίσιο του έργου Οπτικοακουστική Οικολογία: cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, του the issue has several scholars for its more Αποτύπωση φυσικού περιβάλλοντος του Ιονίουand Πελάγους σε Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various μορφή Ψηφιακού Μουσείου Περιβαλλοντικής Εκπαίδευσης. Η ημερίδα comprehensivethe approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations phenomenon gentrification, following: ξεκίνησε με ofενημέρωση για ofτην ιδιαίτερηthe φύση του έργου της interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueτο togentrification, aοποίο trend συνίσταται of a new social groups Οπτικοακουστικής Οικολογίας, στηνof καταγραφή to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money των λεγόμενων «ηχοτοπίων», υπό την έννοια της διάσωσης του and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the φυσικού περιβάλλοντος μέσω παρακολούθησης τηςsearch διαχρονικής 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her περιβάλλοντος. first studies. In 1932Παράλληλα, she published an important study entitled: πορείας του ηχητικού έγινε η παρουσίαση services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for του καινοτόμου «ψηφιακής εμβύθισης» ως το lower living cost of, συστήματος “withdrawal” from private easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she cameΑRTE270, back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the κατ’ εξοχήν μέσο αναπαραγωγής της πολυκαναλικής πληροφορίας η to another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying οποία έχει συλλεχθεί κατά τη διάρκεια των καταγραφών που έγιναν her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: στο πλαίσιο της δράσης.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Στη συνέχεια, παρουσιάστηκαν οπτικοακουστικά έργα, τα GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types ofταIntervention, οποία συνδύαζαν την πανοραμική προβολή του οπτικού υλικού με το Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification σύστημα ηχητικής αναπαραγωγής surround 5.1.Και τα τρία έργα που παρουσιάστηκαν είχαν συντεθεί αποκλειστικά από ήχους της φύσης Concerns των Επτανήσων, αφού στο πλαίσιο της δράσης είχε πραγματοποιηθεί

εκτενής σειρά από υψηλών προδιαγραφών καταγραφές ήχου και

By Mr. C. ATHANASOPOULOS εικόνας της φύσης. Ειδικά το έργο τουGeorge-Sp. Νίκου Σταυρόπουλου «Portrait Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Z΄» είχε ως πρώτη ύλη αποκλειστικά τα ζακυνθινά ηχοτοπία και

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect αποτέλεσε τον καρπό της ηχητικής έρευνάς του στο νησί.

Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

Πρόγραμμα 1.

Introductory approach: Defining theτοπίων concept (πανοραμική προβολή με ΜΕΡΟΣ Α΄: Ρεαλιστική απεικόνιση 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Greek philosopher, ήχοANTISTHENIS, surround 5.1) the - Α.ancient Λουφόπουλος, Μ. Εμμανουήλ, Θ. Επιτήδειος, Φ.

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Μαραγκός among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ΜΕΡΟΣ Β΄:ofPortrait Z’starts – Νίκος (ηλεκτροακουστική acquisition knowledge with theΣταυρόπουλος the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term μουσική, αναπαραγωγή με σύστημα surround 5.1) 1 (and urban Based,ηχητική therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, ηχείων if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 ΜΕΡΟΣ Γ΄: The Fog – Α. Λουφόπουλος, Μ. Εμμανουήλ, Θ. Επιτήδειος, Φ. gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Μαραγκός (πανοραμική προβολή με ήχο surround Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists,

ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever has, results also και rising of land prices theof Η Δράσηother αυτήconsequences θέτει το Τμήμα Μουσικής Τεχνολογίας σε(and πρώτο whatever other consequences has, also rising of land prices (andγια the potential relative speculation). πλάνο με τον πρωτοποριακό τηςresults χαρακτήρα καθώς αναδεικνύει potential relative speculation).

Theμια term gentrification is found at first και in the in early 1960s δυνατότητες and it refers to άλλη φορά το ιδιαίτερο ταλέντο τιςUK καλλιτεχνικές The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in των φοιτητών τουtrend Τμήματος οι οποίοι σεinpoor πρωτότυπο the then observed wealthy people έχουν to there buy προβεί property poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof καλλιτεχνικό έργο καιstay ανεβάζουν τον πήχη τουthere Ιδρύματος.

London, upgrade them, themselves sometimes and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Τέχνες A description ofγια thisτις phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS*Δράσεις at the same period, while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Ο κριτικός στοχασμός αποτελεί απαραίτητο στοιχείο στην cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied otherτοResearchers.

Since then,των the issue has scholars and its more εκπαίδευση ενηλίκων για λόγο several ότι προσεγγίζει την for έννοια της Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Τέχνης μέσω της δημιουργικότητας. Επιπλέον, μέσω του στοχασμού, comprehensivethe approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations phenomenon gentrification, following: ενισχύεται ηofκριτική στάση ofαπέναντι στηνtheπραγματικότητα ενώ interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups μετασχηματίζεται η μάθηση και ταυτόχρονα εκτιμάται βαθύτερα η to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Τέχνη. Οι τέχνες συνενώνονται σε ένα κράμα και αποτελούν κεντρικό and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the σημείο αναφοράς ανάλογα με τον κριτικό και φιλοσοφικό 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth εκάστοτε GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In διαφόρων 1932 she published an important study entitled: στοχασμό. Πίνακες ζωγραφικής ρευμάτων, διαφορετικά services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for φιλοσοφικά κείμενα, κινηματογραφικά θεατρικά έργα, γλυπτική lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private car access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London andφιλμ, Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 sheπολύτεχνο teacher in the συνενώνονται ως μορφές τέχνης και αποτελούν το πάνω to another approach, the phenomenon is due tobecame a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying στο οποίο θα χτίσει ο κάθε ενδιαφερόμενος προκειμένου να ορίσει τη her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: δική του κριτική πραγματικότητα.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Στην Εισαγωγή τηςTypes μελέτης μου επισήμανα τη σημασία της GENTRIFICATION Definition, of Intervention, τέχνης καθώς και του «πολύτεχνου». Στη Δράση αυτή εμπεριέχονταν Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification διάφορες μορφές τέχνης με ιδιαίτερη έμφαση στον κινηματογράφο. Κάθε τέχνη αποτυπώνει με τον τρόπο της μια μοναδική Concerns πραγματικότητα. Η Δράση συντέλεσε στην διεύρυνση των οριζόντων

64

των συμμετεχόντων και αναμένεται συνέχειά της με νέα Σεμινάρια.

By Mr.Καλλιτεχνικής George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Τα εγκαίνια του Κέντρου Δημιουργίας και Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Εκπαίδευσης «Κωνσταντίνος Παρθένης» πραγματοποιήθηκαν με τη

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect φιλοδοξία να δημιουργηθούν οι προϋποθέσεις για την ενίσχυση της Student of the School of Architecture καλλιτεχνικής δημιουργίας στην περιοχή, την ανάδειξη τη διάχυση Technicalκαι University of Crete των αξιών του Επτανησιακού Πολιτισμού, ιδιαίτερα στο πεδίο των 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept εικαστικών τεχνών και της Ιστορίας της Τέχνης, με αφορμή την 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, αξιοποίηση της πολιτιστικής κληρονομιάς που προκύπτει από το έργο ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established aέζησε great the του ζωγράφου Κωνσταντίνου Παρθένη, ο οποίος και ζωγράφισε among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. αρκετούς πίνακες στην starts Πεσσάδα. acquisition of knowledge with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Η δημιουργία καλλιτεχνικού καιif (in εκπαιδευτικού κέντρου 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on του this “principle” inindicated a first, not final, approach, the term gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 αυτού είχε επίσης στόχο να λειτουργήσει σαν κέντρο αναφοράς τον gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (inγια various Κωνσταντίνο Παρθένη, με τη συγκέντρωση τεκμηρίων για τη ζωή και Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), social groups, of low-income and the placement of artists, το έργοofτου. αυτόusually τον τρόπο επιδιώξαμε ναthis κινητοποιήσουμε την the operation ofΜε art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land (andτου theof τοπική κοινωνία, ενισχύοντας και προβάλλοντας τη prices σημασία whatever other consequences has, results also risingκαι of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). Κέντρου για τους μαθητές της πρωτοβάθμιας δευτεροβάθμιας potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first εξελίχθηκε in the UK in σε early 1960s and it refers to εκπαίδευσης. Παράλληλα, το Κέντρο διαρκές εργαστήριο The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor κατάρτισης για trend φοιτητέςwealthy Α.Ε.Ι. people (με αναφορές σε inκαλλιτεχνικά the then observed to there buy property poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof μαθήματα και them, την Ιστορία της sometimes Τέχνης), there αποτελώντας πόλο London, upgrade stay themselves and thus oldένα residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. καλλιτεχνικής και πολιτιστικής δημιουργίας πανελλήνιας εμβέλειας. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Με της οικίας Βαλσαμάκη, έζησε ο A description ofανάδειξη this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work όπου of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at theτην same period, while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Κωνσταντίνος Παρθένης, καιResearchers. την ανακαίνιση του κοινοτικού cities in Western countries, by other cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the has several scholars and for its more καταστήματος, η issue Πεσσάδα, και γενικότερα η Λειβαθώς απέκτησε ένα Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various πολιτιστικό κέντρο το οποίο μπορεί να χρησιμοποιηθεί από όλους τους comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: φορείς της Κεφαλονιάς για διάφορες πολιτιστικές εκδηλώσεις. interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend ofκαι a new of social groups Η Δράση αυτή κρίνεται πρωτότυπη αναγκαία για την τοπική to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money κοινωνία όσο και ευρύτερα ενώ ταυτόχρονα συμβάλλει στην ανάδειξη and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the του 1.πολιτιστικού και των τεχνών. termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense ofThe safety theπλούτου distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932&she published an important study entitled: Το Τμήμα Δημοσίων Σχέσεων Επικοινωνίας του ΤΕΙ Ιονίων services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Νήσων, σεresearch συνεργασία το Κέντρο Δημιουργίας & lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private car access markets, etc.where studies and Geneva, με Prague, London and Καλλιτεχνικής Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. στο In 1950 sheto became teacher in the Εκπαίδευσης Παρθένης», πλαίσιο της σειράς to «Κωνσταντίνος another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying «Πολιτιστική αναβίωση της Χάρτας του Ρήγα», διοργάνωσε εκδήλωση her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part παρουσιάστηκαν of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: με τίτλο Κεφαλονίτες στα Βαλκάνια. Στις εισηγήσεις Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aόψεις variety of ways, in order to achieve the “voluntary”, (actually της σχέσης που ανέπτυξαν οι “assisted”, Κεφαλονίτες με την ευρύτερη

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

περιφέρεια της Νοτιοανατολικής Ευρώπης, καθώς και ξεχωριστά παραδείγματα ανθρώπων του πολιτισμού από την Κεφαλονιά που διέπρεψαν στον χώρο των Βαλκανίων. Εδώ υπογραμμίζεται η σημασία της Εθνομουσικολογίας καθώς και του διαλόγου μεταξύ πολιτισμών με στόχο την ανάδειξη των τεχνών. Η ανταλλαγή απόψεων, η εντρύφηση σε μια διαφορετική By εξωτερικού Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS κουλτούρα είτε με τη μορφή ενός παρατηρητή είτε με τη Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, διάθεση ενός ερευνητή που διεξάγει επιτόπια έρευνα προσδίδει

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect χαρακτηριστικά τόσο σε προσωπικό επίπεδο όσο και στις τέχνες. Ο Student of the School of Architecture καλλιτέχνης βρίσκεται στο μέσο μιας δημιουργίας που University αναπόφευκτα Technical of Crete τον καθιστά ερμηνευτή μιας πολύ-πολιτισμικότητας.

1. Introductory Defining the concept Η έκθεσηapproach: ΣΥΝΑΝΤΗΣΕΙΣ διοργανώθηκε από το ΤΕΙ Ιονίων 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, theτης ancient Greek philosopher, Νήσων, στο πλαίσιο συγκρότησης Αρχείου Συγχρόνων Επτανησίων ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he οποίο left us,ήταν he established a great the Καλλιτεχνών (Α.Σ.Ε.Κ.), το ένας από τους τρεις στόχους among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ιδρύσεως του Κέντρου Καλλιτεχνικής Δημιουργίας και acquisition of knowledge starts with the the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term Εκπαίδευσης Κωνσταντίνος Παρθένης στην Πεσσάδα.

1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a (ΚΕ.ΚΑΛ.Δ.Ε.) first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Από τους μέχρι τώρα καταγραφέντες καλλιτέχνες συμμετείχαν 53, οι gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various οποίοι κατάγονταν από τη Ζάκυνθο, την Κεφαλονιά και τη Λευκάδα ή Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, συνδέονταν με οποιοδήποτε τρόπο με τα νησιά και ανήκουν στην the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this regardless whatever other has, results rising of “change”, land (and theof οικογένεια των Επτανησίων. Είναι όλοι μέλη τουprices Εικαστικού whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). Επιμελητηρίου Ελλάδος ή έχουν συστηματικές σπουδές σε Σχολές potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at firstστο in the UK in earlyΜε 1960s it refers to Καλών Τεχνών στην Ελλάδα και εξωτερικό. ταand έργα τους The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor κάλυψαν τις περισσότερες καλές και διακοσμητικές τέχνες: the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in ζωγραφική, poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof γλυπτική, χαρακτική, σχέδιο, κεραμική, αγιογραφία, ενδυματολογική London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. μακέτα. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Δράση για άλλη μια φορά in στο τις Καλές A description ofθέτει this phenomenon is situations included the επίκεντρο work of Sociologist Ruth GLASSΗ at the same period, while similar were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Τέχνες αναδεικνύοντας τοother πλούσιο και ιδιόμορφο χαρακτηριστικό των cities in Western countries, by Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then,δημιουργών. the issue has several scholars and for its more Επτανησίων Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, Στην εκδήλωση «Ημερίδα για την τέχνη τηςfrom Επτανησιακής comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Σχολής» παρουσιάστηκαν τα εικαστικά επιτεύγματα των εκπροσώπων interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: a sense, theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trendκαλλιτεχνικού of a new of social groups τηςInΕπτανησιακής Σχολής, isτου πρώτου ρεύματος στον to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money ελληνικό χώρο με αναφορές στη δυτική τέχνη, που διήρκεσε μέχρι και and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the τον 1.19ο αιώνα. Επτανησιακή και η centres, πρόσληψή της στην term from Sociologist RuthΣχολή GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense ofThe safety atcomes the Η distributed residencies outside town for Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published Σχολής an important study entitled: Ελλάδα, Ιταλικές αναγνώσεις της Επτανησιακής και οι όψεις services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for της τέχνης της αντικείμενα που κατάetc.την lower living cost of,αποτέλεσαν “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car New York αναλύθηκαν she came to back to London, where in According 1943 sheΗpublished studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

1950 she teacher in the Ημερίδα. εκδήλωση περιείχε και μουσικόInμέρος από to another approach, the is due tobecame a κανταδόρους systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying που ερμήνευσαν Επτανησιακές μελωδίες. Και αυτή η Δράση είχε her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially ofμια partφορά of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. Londonγια 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Επτανησιακό χρώμα και υπογράμμισε άλλη τη συμβολή Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aτων variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Επτανήσων στον καλλιτεχνικό χώρο.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Η εκδήλωση για την Επτανησιακή Λογοτεχνία και Βράβευση Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Επιφανών Επτανησίων περιλάμβανε εισηγήσεις από λογοτέχνες και φιλολόγους, καθώς και στρογγυλά τραπέζια με προσκεκλημένους Concerns συγγραφείς. Οι εργασίες συνοδεύονταν από απαγγελίες ποιημάτων και

αναγνώσεις έργων. Απώτερος σκοπός της διοργάνωσης ήταν να George-Sp. νησί C. ATHANASOPOULOS καθιερωθεί ως θεσμός, με έδρα By σε Mr. διαφορετικό των Επτανήσων Harvard University, Graduate School Design, Student, κάθε χρόνο, ώστε να βοηθήσει στην εμβάθυνση of της ξεχωριστής

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect πνευματικής παραγωγής του Ιονίου, πουStudent τείνει να παραγκωνιστεί από of the School of Architecture το σώμα των ελληνικών γραμμάτων, αλλά Technical και να University συμβάλειof στη Crete διάσωση του ιδιαίτερου επτανησιακού ιδιώματος.

1. Introductory approach: Defining concept Το ΤΕΙ Ιονίων Νήσων στα the πλαίσια των εκδηλώσεων για την 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, Επτανησιακή Τέχνη και κατ’ επέκταση των δραστηριοτήτων του ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Κέντρου Καλλιτεχνικής Δημιουργίας και Εκπαίδευσης «Κωνσταντίνος among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Παρθένης» (ΚΕ.ΚΑΛ.Δ.Ε.), διοργάνωσε Επιστημονικό Συμπόσιο για την acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Τέχνη της Επτανησιακής Σχολήςisinindicated για τη συνέχιση 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” aΠρόκειται first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 προγενέστερων δράσεων του ΤΕΙ Ιονίων Νήσων, σκοπό τη gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areaμε of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal this, (in various βαθύτερη γνωριμία με τον πολιτιστικό πλούτο των Επτανήσων. Το Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there artists, συμπόσιο απευθυνόταν σε κάθε ενδιαφερόμενο, και ιδιαίτερα σεofόσους the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences results also rising of land τις prices (and the αγαπούν other την Τέχνη και τον has, Πολιτισμό, παρακολουθούν εξελίξεις ήof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). συμμετέχουν ενεργά στην καλλιτεχνική και πολιτιστική ζωή του τόπου.

66

potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of toΝήσων buy property in poor Πίνακες Δράσεων του ΤΕΙ Ιονίων 2010-2015 the then observed trend wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Κατεύθυνση Προστασίας και Συντήρησης Πολιτισμικής being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Κληρονομιάς A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Παρουσίαση Τμήματος τηpreoccupied Διαχείριση της Πολιτισμικής του Since then, the issueγια has several scholars Κληρονομιάς and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more παρελθόντος comprehensive approach are being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: Εκδήλωση για το παραδοσιακό μουσικό όργανο του άσκαυλου interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return”για to the city, leaving the forπνευστών several reasons: high costsμουσικών in money Διαλέξεις τη Συντήρηση και purlieus επισκευή και κρουστών and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the οργάνων 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety theαναπτυξιακή distributed residencies outside town centres, Διάλεξη για την διάσταση της1912-1940. Πολιτιστικής Κληρονομιάς: Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Πολιτικές Προστασίας και Ανάδειξης Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, ΗinΜπάντα 1943 sheστα published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the According toΕπτάνησα another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where sheΥλικού continued her social research.

Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying Προβολή Οπτικοακουστικού Σχετικού με την Κατασκευή her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in Παραδοσιακού Πνευστού Μουσικού 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd.Οργάνου London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Συνεργασία του ΤΕΙ με τα μουσεία της Ζακύνθου Concerns Α΄ Κύκλος διαλέξεων για τη Συντήρηση και τον Πολιτισμό

Παρουσίαση Μελέτης για τη φυσική και πολιτισμική κληρονομιά της

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Ζακύνθου και της Κεφαλονιάς

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

Παρουσίαση Μελέτης για τους ναούς τις μονέςC. Κεφαλονιάς και της

By Mr.και George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Ζακύνθου Student of the School of Architecture Παρουσίαση Μελέτης του πολιτισμικού περιβάλλοντος Ζακύνθου & Technical University of Crete Κεφαλονιάς με τη συλλογή πολυμεσικού υλικού 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Διεθνές συμπόσιο για τη συντήρηση ανατολίτικων στη Ζάκυνθο 1. Introductory approach: the conceptχειρογράφων ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Σεμινάριο για wise τη Συντήρηση απολιθωμένου ξύλου στην ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other heritage he left us, he established a Ταϋλάνδη great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Παρουσίαση βασισμένων στη φύση των acquisition ofοπτικοακουστικών knowledge starts withσυνθέσεων theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Επτανήσων 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and Ημερίδα για τη Διάσωση μουσικής κληρονομιάς μέσω ενός gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of aκαι cityπολιτιστικής the removal (in various πλαισίου ψηφιακής αξιοποίησης Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.και However “change”, regardless of Αποτίμηση των σεμιναρίων συντήρησης επισκευής μουσικών οργάνων the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof από το Τμήμα Τεχνολογίας Ήχουhas, & Μουσικών Οργάνων whatever other consequences results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation).

The term found at first in της the UK in early 1960s and it Χάλκης refers to Ημερίδα για gentrification τη συντήρησηisτων θησαυρών Θεολογικής Σχολής της The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Ημερίδα στο Αργοστόλι για την sometimes αποτύπωση κτιρίων Επτανησιακής the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof Αρχιτεκτονικής London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”.

2η Συνάντηση Συντήρησης & Καταγραφής being indirectly “squeezed”.

AΔιεθνής description of this phenomenon is included in the work ofΕκκλησιαστικών Sociologist Ruth Κειμηλίων A description of this phenomenon is included the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situationsinwere in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities inΚατεύθυνση Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue Μουσικής, has several scholars and Ψηφιακών for its more Τεχνολογίας Ήχου, Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the Μέσων comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Εκδήλωση Μουσικής και Τεχνολογίας to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Πανελλήνιο Συμπόσιο Ηλεκτροακουστικής and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown,Μουσικής where work place is, lack of the Μουσική Εκδήλωση του Τμήματος Τεχνολογίας Ήχου Μουσικών 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruthκαι GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Οργάνων services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living costέκθεση of, in “withdrawal” private easier access markets, etc.where Ημερίδα γιαPrague, το from ραδιόφωνο από Τμήμα Τεχνολογίας studies andκαι research Geneva, London and car New Yorkτο she came to back to London, in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 she became teacher in the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and Ήχου & Μουσικών Οργάνων University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Παρουσίαση νέου by εργαστηριακού εξοπλισμού τοDICTIONARY. Τμήμα her work are characterized a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS για ENGLISH and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Τεχνολογίας Ήχου & Μουσικών Οργάνων G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Δράσεις για τις Τέχνες Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Σεμινάριο «ΔημιουργικότηταConcerns και Κριτικός Στοχασμός μέσα απ'

την

Τέχνη» Διάλεξη Θρησκεία και Διαφωτισμός

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS University, Graduate Schoolκαι of Design, Student, Εγκαίνια του ΚέντρουHarvard Καλλιτεχνικής Δημιουργίας Εκπαίδευσης By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect «Κωνσταντίνος Παρθένης» Student of the School of Architecture Εκδήλωση «Κεφαλονίτες στα Βαλκάνια» Technical University of Crete Έκθεση «Συναντήσεις» με έργα 53 Επτανήσιων καλλιτεχνών 1. Introductory Defining the concept Πρόοδος» Εκδήλωση για τοapproach: περιοδικό «Η Κεφαλονίτικη 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancient philosopher, Ημερίδα για την the τέχνη τηςGreek Επτανησιακής Σχολής στην Πεσσάδα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Κεφαλονιάς. among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Εκδήλωση γιαknowledge την Επτανησιακή Λογοτεχνία και Βράβευση Επιφανών acquisition of starts with the the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term Επτανησίων Κεφαλονιά 1 στην Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Παρουσίαση δραστηριοτήτων gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in theΙδρύματος areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” ofτου a cityΤεχνολογικού the removal from (inΙονίων various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Νήσων και ανάδειξη του βιβλίου «Η Τέχνη της Επτανησιακής Σχολής ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ος ways), ofοςsocial groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, 18 - 19 αι.» the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever otherΣυμπόσιο consequences has,Τέχνη resultsτης also rising of land prices Επιστημονικό για την Επτανησιακής Σχολής(and theof

68

whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Πίνακας λοιπώνisis Δράσεων The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of wealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof Εκδήλωση για“squeezed”. τοthem, ERASMUS London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly being indirectly Ημερίδα για το “squeezed”. Ιόνιο Αρχείο A description of this Μουσικό phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon is situations includedΣχολείων inwere the recorded workτου of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same whileτων similar inΤΕΙ other major Παρουσίαση και period, Ανάδειξη Θερινών Ιονίων GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, παραγωγής by other Researchers. Νήσων ως Παράδειγμα πρωτότυπου έργου cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars andερευνητικών for its more Εκδήλωση για την προβολή των εκπαιδευτικών και Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from δραστηριοτήτων του ΤΕΙ Ιονίων Νήσων comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: «Μια ιστορία επιτυχίας από το ΤΕΙ Ιονίων Νήσων» interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Ιόνιο Μουσικό Αρχείο: Διάσωση μουσικής και to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high πολιτιστικής costs in money κληρονομιάς μέσω ενός πλαισίου αξιοποίησης and time to travel from the purlieus to ψηφιακής downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, for «Ανάδειξη του Τεχνολογικού Ιδρύματος Ιονίων Νήσων ως Διεθνούς Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Πόλου Εκπαίδευσης και Καινοτομίας» Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car access markets, etc. studies andτου research in Geneva, Prague, London and Neweasier York she came to back to London, where Διάλεξη σημαντικού Ισπανού Ελληνιστή Πέδρο Ολάγια στη in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Λευκάδα University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Παρουσίαση του προγράμματος IPHRAS Εκμάθησης Επτά Γλωσσών and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Πίνακας Δράσεων με Νέες Προτάσεις GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Types ofΠολιτισμικής intervention, of Gentrification Ι.Definition, ΝέεςConcerns Δράσεις για την Συντήρηση Κληρονομιάς Concerns Σεμινάριο για τις Τακτικές επιτέλεσης

Workshop με ξένους κατασκευαστές μουσικών οργάνων Δημιουργία Μουσείου

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Διαλέξεις Καθηγητών του Orange Coast College/California By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Introducing ‘Music in Church’ Student of the School of Architecture Δημιουργία «Κήπου» Technical University of Crete Μουσικό Αρχείο Συνθετών 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Συνεργασία με Αρχιτεκτονική Κατεύθυνση Κρήτης

1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage left us, he established a great the ΙΙ. Νέες Δράσεις γιαhe την Μουσική και την Τεχνολογία among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, onconcerts this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term ‘Avant-garde’ music 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification «Μουσικοί του Δρόμου» 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various ‘Radio-Abroad’ Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Recording Labs&Film Music ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless «Διεθνές Φεστιβάλ Φολκλόρ» whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to ΙΙΙ. Νέες Δράσεις για τις Τέχνες The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy people tovideo-art’ buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof Σειρά Σεμιναρίων, ‘Technology, multimedia, London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”.

‘Contemporary Fine Arts’ being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth «Φιλοσοφία καιofΑισθητική» A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major «Μουσική και Παράδοση» GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. «Μουσική και Ξένοι Πολιτισμοί» cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more ‘Philosophy, Literature andare Eastern comprehensive approach being patterns’ summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: «Ιστορία Τέχνης ανατολικών πολιτισμών» interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” the city, the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money ΙV. to Άλλες νέεςleaving προτάσεις and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, ERASMUS με Ξένους Φορείς και Συνεργασίες με ξένα Πανεπιστήμια Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) και Μουσεία Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Συνεργασία με Διεθνείς Μουσικούς Διαγωνισμούς in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Σύνδεση Ερευνητικά Προγράμματα Universityμε College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Δημιουργία Μουσικής Κατεύθυνσης ‘Performing Arts’ and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, The Role Types ofof New Technologies Definition, of intervention, Concerns Gentrification in Design and Construction Concerns Georgios - Spyridon C. ATHANASOPOULOS ByUniversity Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard Graduate School of Design Harvard University, Graduate School of Master of Architecture inDesign, UrbanStudent, Design

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Technical University of Crete Student of the School of Architecture Bachelor Architecture Technicalof University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek From Renaissance to the 21stphilosopher, Century ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise he left us, he established a great the One of theheritage main characteristics of the design profession is the among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ability to adapt to its synchronical changes in society.

These changes acquisition of knowledge starts with thein definition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term takeBased, placetherefore, in various such as isin the economic realm or the the social 1 (and on fields this “principle” a first, if (in notthe final, approach, term urban gentrification) indicated area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 organization of a state, as well as in technology and the sciences.

Since gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various the ages of ancient Egypt and its Pyramids, the role of the architect, a Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, term that can be translated from the greek language as the primary the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation arttry galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising ofmaterial land prices (and theof engineer, wasofto to invent tools, processes, or techniques whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and to the potential relative speculation). that would serve common needs and would provide solutions potential relative speculation).

The termproblems. gentrification at way, first inthis the is UK in early 1960sofand it refers to particular In is a found similar also the role technology The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor inthe general, and thattrend would wealthy be the creation knowledge, materials andof then observed people toofthere buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are methods that aimthem, to facilitate life. sometimes there and thus old residents are London, upgrade stay themselves being indirectly “squeezed”.

One fundamental changeis included that happened the timeRuth of being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon in the work at of Sociologist Renaissance wasofperiod, the of isthe perspective drawing.

Thismajor was A description this invention phenomenon included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations in other GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major seen in asWestern a cutting-edge and it altered the way in which space cities countries,technology by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has scholars and for itsbemore was perceived.

An equivalent shift that several takes place today would the Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various extensive use of digital tools in design and architecture. Digital tools comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thedesign following: offer a wide range of options in reinterpreting and in creating interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense,architectural theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, aand trendsyntaxes. of a new of social particular languages However, theygroups also to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money provide the opportunity to simulate the structure of a desirable and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the building in order explore theRuth performable aspects of the design.

Inin 1.of The term from Sociologist GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born sense safety atcomes the to distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin, where sheofmade her firstattempts studies. In of 1932 sheessay published anargue important study entitled: that way, one the main this is to that the new services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for tools not canin be used asfrom form-finding thatto would explore lower living cost of, “withdrawal” private easier access markets, etc.where studies andonly research Geneva, Prague, London and car Newvehicles York she came back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 she teacher the new aesthetics, but atapproach, the same time, they can contribute to in the to another the is due tobecame a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying development of new tectonic principles. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Simulation tools GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, As the role of the designer and architect is to try to adopt the Definition, intervention, Concerns of Gentrification new tools that continuouslyTypes emerge, itof should be noted that his role would also be to critically engage with the new techniques and being Concerns able to accept or decline the outcomes of the digital world. As the new

simulation tools may enable the designer to interpret his design in

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS terms of functionality, weather and light conditions, and stability, the Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, results of that should not be accepted per se. They should be critically

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect filtered in order to provide feedback for Student the design.

The generation of of the School of Architecture statistical analysis and data should only be usedTechnical as way to redefine the University of Crete strategies and principles that guide the design process.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, Greek philosopher, Computationthevsancient Computerization | The Traces of Computational ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Design among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts.

At this point there is with an important distinction thatofneeds to be acquisition of knowledge starts theindefinition the content concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term made between the terms “computational” and “computerized” design.

1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 One aspect of the “computerized” design method would be the exact gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various replication of an analytical set of information.

In addition to that, and Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, according to Achim Menges, computerized design follows the the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results alsothe rising of land of prices (and theof traditional methods of design, just through interface a computer. whatever other consequences has, results rising land prices (and the potential relative speculation).

On the other hand computational design also shifts the of discourse of design, potential relative speculation). term gentrification is found at first in the UKand in early 1960s andofit refers to

by The challenging the conventional methods processes design The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor through the introduction of parametric and directly through the then observed trend wealthy peoplemodels, to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof the programming language of the computer.

London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth computation the broaderinwere range of of allSociologist relevant A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included the recorded work Ruth GLASSDesign at the same whileand similar inits other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major toolsinwas primarily adopted by the fields of naval and aerospace cities Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Since then,The the issue target has severalmodels scholars for its more engineering. main wasResearchers. to generate of and simulation that Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various through analysis and interpretation of their results would lead to more the comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: increase in performance and efficiency of structures.

The outcomes of interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: a sense, theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trendsciences of a new of social groups theInuse of applied physics isand applied also introduced new to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money techniques and methods in fabrication and construction. The first and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the attempts to follow the advancements came from industries, asbetter theyin 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS for was born sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside townthe centres, search Berlin,to where she made her first studies.

In 1932 shecustomization published an important study entitled: tried respond to market demands for of products.

At services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for that particular point, the fordist model ofcar the assembly-line production lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In could 1950 she teacher in the was questioned and redefined.

Interventions take place during to another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying the production process in order to broaden the variety of the products. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 252171 11

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Nevertheless, the discourse computational design dates way GENTRIFICATION Definition, Typesof of Intervention, back to the invention of analytical geometries and third degree Definition, Types of beintervention, Concerns of Gentrification algebraic equations form Leibniz.

It could argued that, at a certain degree the emergence of the new tools came as the outcome of applied Concerns mathematics through the extensive use of computer resources. In other

words, computers offered the possibility to represent non-euclidean Byamount Mr. George-Sp. C.to ATHANASOPOULOS geometries that would take a great of effort produce by hand.

Harvard University, Graduate School Design, Student, Computer offered a wide range of potentials to mapof analytical and

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect complex geometries and this was about Student to bringoffundamental changes the School of Architecture in the way space could be perceived, and as result in the way it could be Technical University of Crete built.

72

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, Redefining Tectonics ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the At this point, before shifting to an understanding of the new among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. design and of simulation tools in terms of their practical values, it might acquisition knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term worth to interpret their outcomes in is terms of ifdesign and aesthetics.

1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, notthe final, approach, theThe term gentrification) (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 new design techniques have offered new ways to design space and can gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various be criticized for form-finding obsessions.

The result of that could be the Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe thethis placement of artists, fetishization the architectural object.

But idea that there architecture the operation ofofart galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences alsoits rising of land prices (and the theof should demonstrate itself has, andresults expose ambitions to lead whatever other consequences has, results also rising oftime. land prices (and the potential relative speculation). aesthetics discourse is a perception that goes back in It dates back potential relative speculation). term gentrification firstway in the UK in earlyto1960s it refers to to The the Renaissance and is it found even at goes more back the and construction The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor ofthe the Parthenon.

From thatwealthy point of view to thebuy new designintools are justof then observed trend people areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes thereproperty and thus oldpoor residents are being used as the contemporary that enables architectLondon, upgrade them, stay themselvesvehicle sometimes there and thusthe old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. designer to express his aesthetic language and vocabulary.

In other being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth words, aatcomputational design language is notinwere necessarily ainpremise for A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS the same while similar other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major an expressive vocabulary, and the computer just happens cities in Western architectural countries, by other Researchers. in Western countries, other Researchers.

Since then, issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more tocities be the latestthe method ofby designing.

Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, following: What is important, however is to seekthethe way in which any interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon togentrification, a trend of expression a new social groups design-artistic obsession oris due performative is ofrelated to a to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money crucial aspect of architecture, and that would be the one of tectonics. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Structure was always a parameter in architecture and design thatin 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In contemporary 1932 she publisheddiscourse, an importantthe studyuse entitled: defined the final outcome.

In the of services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for digital technologies can greatly contribute toeasier theshe field ofto tectonics.

Even lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc. studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car New York came back to London, where 1943 seems she published regarding cityphenomenon planning. Inwas 1950 sheto became in the ifinthis bestudies obvious, asthe engineering always a teacher discipline According toto another approach, is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying closely related to computation and mathematics, it could be claimed her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: that it is actually happening for different reasons.

Structure and Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ atectonics variety ofare ways, in order Abstract. to achieve theof “assisted”, (actually redefined, not because the use “voluntary”, of wetzel/gentry.htm the new tools by

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns engineers, but basically because of the use of these tools by the designers. The new tools have offered the designers the possibility of

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, an architectural vocabulary that conventional tectonics cannot calculate

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect by simplistic simulation and analytic models. As an extension to that, Student of the School of Architecture form-finding techniques have definitely lead to Technical the emergence of ofwhat University Crete could be named as “tectonic-finding” techniques. This would be an 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept investigation of principles that, through the engagement of the digital 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, Greekof philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), tools, could lead tothe theancient realization any unconventional design, and at the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCissues.

-“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the the ANTISTHENIS, same time would manage to overcome construction It should among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. be pointed out, however, that the collaboration between the engineer acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term andBased, the architect, ason well as the blurring of the boundaries between 1 (and urban therefore, this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the the term gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 disciplines is a crucial factor for success.

And this could only have gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various happened through the use of a common language between the fields, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, which would the one of mathematics.

In words, itthere might be of a ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andother thethis placement of artists, the operation ofbe art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless point in other history where it’s has, not results tectonics but actually whatever consequences also define rising ofdesign, land prices (and theof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). design informs tectonics and in that way it challenges engineering and potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found firstaninirony the UK early 1960sthe andfact it refers science.

And probably this couldatbe ofinour times, that to a The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor discipline cannot any longer challenge itself on its own, but only the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stayother themselves and thus old residents areof through feedback disciplines.

London,the upgrade them,of stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are

being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth may worth to recall van Rohe’s A description ofperiod, thisitphenomenon is situations included inwere theMies work of Sociologist Ruth GLASSConcludingly, at the same whilebe similar recorded inder other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major words regarding the advancements that were taking place, back in the cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. beginning of the twentieth century.

Even if thescholars great architect’s Since then, the issue has several and for itswords more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach his are ideas beingmight summarized below, from refer to industrialization, be still relevant today: comprehensive approach are itbeing summarized from theorvarious interpretations of the phenomenon ofexists, gentrification, thebelow, following: “The new era is a fact: irrespective of our “yes” “no.” interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: theof phenomenon is dueof to a trend a new of social groups YetInitaissense, neither better nor worse than anyofother era. [...] One thing will to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money be decisive: the way we assert ourselves in the face of circumstance. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Here the problems of the spirit begin.

The 1912-1940. important question to ask is termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, wherebut she made herWhat first studies.

1932 she published an important study entitled: not “what” “how.” goodsInwe produce or what tools we use are services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for not questions of spiritual value. [...]

Yet it is just the question of value lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, that is decisive.

Westudies must set upthe new values,Infix goalsin so in According 1943 she published regarding cityphenomenon planning.

1950 sheultimate teacher the to another approach, isour due tobecame a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying that we may establish standards.

For what is right and significant for her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of of the urban web, in any era — including the new era — 2009. is this: topart give the spirit the 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aopportunity variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually for existence.”

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

74

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the BIBLIOGRAPHY acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification Carpo, Mario.

The Alphabet and the Algorithm. Cambridge, 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various Massachusetts: MIT Press, 2011.

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of Carpo, Mario.

Ten Years of Folding, in Greg Lynn (ed.), the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof Foldingrelative in Architecture, Architectural Chichester, whatever other consequences has, resultsDesign. also rising of land prices (and the potential speculation). potential relative speculation).

1993 revised edition Chichester: Wiley-Academy, 2004.

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof Frampton, Kenneth. Modern Architecture : A Critical London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”.

History. Rev. and enl. ed. London: Thames and Hudson, being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth 1985.

A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Kara, etcountries, al.

Interdisciplinary Design: Lessons cities inHanif, Western bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has severalNew scholars and for its more from Architecture and Engineering.

Cambridge, Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, MA: from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Barcelona: Harvard UniversityofGraduate School Design, interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, theof following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: Actar, 2012.

In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from Digital the purlieus to downtown, work place is, lack of the Luca Caneparo.

Fabrication inwhere Architecture, 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Engineering Construction.

Heidelberg, Berlin, where she and made her first studies. In Dordrecht, 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth The same year 2014. she left Germany and after continuous movements for New Unemployment.

York, London: Springer, lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research.

Her public and Menges,informal Achim, and Sean Ahlquist.

Computational Design long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Thinking.

Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, 2011. and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 252175 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

76

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Νικόλας ΦΑΡΑΝΤΟΥΡΗΣ: GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Ένας Διάκονος της Επιστήμης και των Τεχνών Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification ConcernsΤης κυρίας Λεν. ΣΤΡΑΝΗ Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Η ποίηση βρίσκεται απόψεByστην ευτυχή συγκυρία να στεγάζεται Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, στον ίδιο χώρο με δύο απ’ τις ομογάλακτες αδελφές της: τη μουσική

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect και τη ζωγραφική. Θα έχουν την ευκαιρία να συνομιλήσουν, να Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete εκφράσουν σκέψεις, συναισθήματα, προβληματισμούς, και ν’ ανιχνεύσει η μια τα μυστήρια της άλλης μεσ’ απ’ τις αισθήσεις των 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept φιλότεχνων προσκεκλημένων τους. the concept 1. Introductory approach: ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Είναι κάτι που συμβαίνει σπάνια, επειδήa great και αυτές ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -οι 370τρεις BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 “principle”: the τέχνες ναheritage παρουσιάζονται δημόσια μοναχικές, αν και amongείθισται other wise leftthe us,definition he established a great the acquisition of knowledge startshe with ofτελείως the content of“principle”: concepts. στα δωμάτια των on δημιουργών περισσότερες φορές συνυπάρχουν. acquisition of knowledge starts withτις thein definition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first,ζωγραφικής, if (in notthe final, approach, the term Έτσι, μάθαμε ν’ απολαμβάνουμε μια isin έκθεση μια συναυλία urban gentrification) indicated area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ή μια παρουσίαση βιβλίου. Και βέβαια, καθόλου δεν εννοούμε ότι μ’ Sociology as well), as the “refining” of aκαι city αυτόνομες. area, fromthere this, (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement of αυτόν τον τρόπο δεν είναι πλήρεις Απλώς θα θέλαμε να ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless of επισημάνουμε πως η συνεύρεσή τους δημιουργεί σε όλους εμάς the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this “change”, regardless of whatever other has, results rising of land prices (and the μεγαλύτερη πνευματική έκσταση. whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). Σήμερα έχουμε την τύχη να θαυμάσουμε σ’ αυτή τη φιλόξενη potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to αίθουσα έργα καταξιωμένων τους The term gentrification foundκαλλιτεχνών, atpeople first in the UKόπως in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in εξαιρετικούς poor πίνακες του Πέτρου Ζουμπουλάκη, της Ειρήνης Μπαδόλα, της Κάτιας the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents are Βαρβάκη, της “squeezed”. Μαρίνας Στελλάτου, της Λήδαςthere Κοντογιαννοπούλου και being indirectly being indirectly “squeezed”. description of this phenomenon is included in the workπιανίστα of Sociologist Ruth τηςA Εύας Αποστολάτου. Παράλληλα, η ξεχωριστή Ευγενία A description ofθα this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work και of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar recorded in other major Αθανασοπούλου ερμηνεύσει έργα Ντεμπισί, Ραβέλ Σούμαν. Στη GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, otherοResearchers. συνέχεια θα καθίσει στοbyπιάνο Νικόλας Φαραντούρης. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several and for its more Καθετί που περικλείει την ομορφιά, την scholars αυθεντικότητα, Since then, the issue has several scholars andthe forτο itsήθος more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from various και την αλήθειαapproach το χαρακτηρίζουμε ως ποίημα. Απ’ from τα γοητευτικά comprehensive are being summarized below, the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: χρώματα ηλιοβασιλέματος, τονof aμελωδικό φλοίσβο της interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, ενός theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend new of social groups αυγουστιάτικης θάλασσας τη for μυστηριακή λάμψη νεκρών to “return” to the city, leaving theκαι purlieus several reasons: high των costs in money αστεριών που μας κατακλύζει τις νύχτες, μέχρι κάθε υψηλή δημιουργία and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in του 1.ανθρώπινου sense ofThe safety theπολιτισμού. distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heartτη of the city”, (possibly) Στην κυριολεξία, όμως, ονομάζουμε μορφή εκείνη τουfor Youth Unemployment.

The same year ποίημα she left Germany and after continuous movements lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, and New York she back to London, where συμπυκνωμένου λόγου ο Prague, οποίοςLondon συλλαμβάνεται καιcame μορφοποιείται απ’ in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and τον δημιουργό του με όσο το δυνατόν καλύτερη αισθητική. Είναι το University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized passion for justice. also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. καλά κρυμμένο ή μηby aνοηματικό του See περιεχόμενο, οι εικόνες που and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: αναδύονται μεσ’ απ’ τους στίχους, η επιλογή των λέξεων, ο τρόπος G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

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εκφοράς τους, η μορφή και όλα αυτά μαζί. Ακατόρθωτος, λοιπόν, με τα μέτρα της γλώσσας ο ακριβής ορισμός της ποίησης. Πάντως, και η εποχή μας προσυπογράφει ότι πρόκειται για την κορωνίδα των τεχνών. Σύμφωνα με τις δοξασίες κάποιων αλαφροΐσκιωτων λαών, όλο το σύμπαν έχει δημιουργηθεί από όνειρα. Κάποιος ονειρεύτηκε το

By Mr.οι George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS άρωμα της άνοιξης και φύτρωσαν πασχαλιές· τη θαλπωρή της Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, φωτιάς και σχηματίστηκε ο ήλιος· την αδήριτη ανάγκη για ολότητα

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect κορμιού και ψυχής, οπότε γεννήθηκε ο έρωτας.

Student of the School of Architecture Αυτός, βέβαια, ανήκει στους μαγικούς τρόπους Η Technicalδημιουργίας.

University of Crete επιστήμη, όμως, έχει καταλήξει σε διαφορετικό συμπέρασμα. Θεωρεί Defining the όπως conceptεικάζουμε σήμερα, είναι ότι1. Introductory το σύμπαν approach: ή τα σύμπαντα, 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancientμιας Greekαπείρως philosopher, αποτέλεσμα της the έκρηξης συμπυκνωμένης ύλης, της ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the οποίας οι ορατές διαστάσεις ήταν τόσο μικρές αρχικά, που δεν among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ξεπερνούσαν σε μέγεθοςstarts το πάνινο των παιδικών μαςof χρόνων. acquisition of knowledge with theτόπι the content concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term Αν therefore, συνδυάζαμε τις “principle” δύο παραπάνω θεωρίες, θα τολμούσαμε να 1 (and urban Based, on this inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 προσθέσουμε και μια τρίτη παράμετρο: ότι τα πάντα γύρω μας είναι gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various πιθανό να δημιουργήθηκαν απ’ την έκρηξη ενός απείρως Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually ofΛόγου, low-income and thethis placement of artists, συμπυκνωμένου ποιητικού οποίος περιέκλειε αυτή την the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.οHowever “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of landπολλά prices (and ασύλληπτη ομορφιά. Εξάλλου, η φιλοσοφία και απ’ the ταof whatever other consequences has, results land prices μιλούν. (and the potential relative speculation). θρησκευτικά δόγματα για κάποιο Λόγοalso με rising λάμδαof κεφαλαίο potential relative speculation).

Theνα term is found at first inένα the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Γιατί μηνgentrification υποθέσουμε ότι εξερράγη μεγαλειώδες ποίημα; The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Καιobserved κάτι άλλο: Η πορεία τηςpeople δημιουργίας ουδέποτε σταμάτησε the then trend wealthy to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof μέχρι σήμερα. Συνεχίζει παρόν και θα συνεχίζει και στον μέλλοντα London, upgrade them, stayστο themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. χρόνο αενάως. Άρα, οι ποιητές, μικρότερου ή μεγαλύτερου μεγέθους, μ’ being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ένα Aστίχο ή μια στροφή θα τη συμπληρώνουν και θα of την description of this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar recorded inεξελίσσουν other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major στηνin αιωνιότητα. cities Western countries, by other Researchers. cities inΠολλοί Western bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholarsκαι andτων for its more οιcountries, σύγχρονοι διάκονοι της επιστήμης τεχνών, Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various μεταξύ αυτών και ο Νικόλας Φαραντούρης, στον οποίο αναφερόμαστε comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: σήμερα. Ανήσυχος, πολυτάλαντος, λειτουργικός, εκφράζεται και μέσα interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups απ’ την ποίηση. Εδώ, να μην παραλείψουμε να σημειώσουμε πως to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money κατάγεται από την Κεφαλονιά και, απ’ ό,τι φαίνεται, έχει ασπασθεί and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the μεγάλο μέρος απ’ την Sociologist παράδοση και τη ζωντάνια του 1.of The termat comes from Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth επτανησιακού GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: μας πολιτισμού. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Οι του συλλογές, η πρώτη τίτλο Λέκτρα Θερινά lower living costποιητικές of, in “withdrawal” from private car access markets, etc.where studies andδυο research Geneva, Prague, London and Neweasier York με she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheτίτλο teacher in the (εκδόσεις Στοιχειάγρα, 2011) και η δεύτερη Εν πτήσει to another approach, the is με due tobecame a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying (εκδόσεις Περισπωμένη, 2014), μας το αποδεικνύουν. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of δεν part ταξιδεύουν of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Στην τελευταία τα ποιήματα του2009. Νικόλα μόνο Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aτον variety of ways, in order to achieve “voluntary”, (actually αναγνώστη, αλλά ταξιδεύουν καιthe τα“assisted”, ίδια. Παίρνουν σάρκα και οστά

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification εν πτήσει, ανάμεσα στα σύννεφα. Ο ποιητής ανεβασμένος στα φτερά του αεροπλάνου, που τα επεκτείνει με κείνα της φαντασίας του, Concerns αποχαιρετά μ’ ένα ποίημα κάθε μεγαλούπολη που επισκέπτεται.

Αδράχνει τις νωπές θύμησες και τις σκιαγραφεί στο χαρτί με

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS λέξεις. Στις παλαιότερες πόλεις-κυρίες, με προεξέχουσα τη μυθική Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Ρώμη, ανασκαλεύει στις ρυτίδες του προσώπου τους να βρει τη

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect γοητεία ενός μακρόχρονου ιστορικού Student παρελθόντος. Στις νεότερες, of the School of Architecture όπως η κοσμοπολίτισσα Νέα Υόρκη, απεικονίζει δροσιά, το Technicalτη University of Crete ατσαλάκωτο και τη φρεσκάδα της όψης, αφού είχαν την τύχη ή την 1. Introductory approach: Defining the απ’ concept ατυχία να μη δεχτούν καθόλου σκόνη την ιστορία λόγω του νεαρού 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept τηςANTISTHENIS, ηλικίας τους. the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise αριθμεί heritage he left us, he established a great the Το βιβλίο είκοσι τέσσερις σταθμούς. Ο δημιουργός δίνει among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. το στίγμα ofτους με καίριους για κάθε πόλη. Το acquisition knowledge starts withχαρακτηρισμούς theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term στιλιζαρισμένο Λονδίνο με“principle” τα παπιγιόν μοντέρνο και φινετσάτο 1 (and Based, therefore, on this inindicated aτου, first,το if (in not final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Μιλάνο, την οικεία στην ελληνική ψυχή Λισσαβώνα, το μαγικό, όμορφο gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various και συνάμα θλιβερό Δελχί· το γεμάτο βαμπίρ Βερολίνο, την Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, αιματοβαμμένη Ιερουσαλήμ, το etc. λιγότερο γνωστό και καθόλου the operation of art galleries, restaurants, However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has,τις results also rising of land (and theof τραγουδισμένο Πίτσμπουργκ· αλλαγές φρουράς καιprices τα θαμμένα whatever other consequences has, Μόσχας, results also rising of land prices (andτο the potential relative speculation). όνειρα στη μεγάλη πλατεία της την πληγωμένη Βηρυτό, potential relative speculation).

The term found at την first in the UK early 1960s and it refers to Παρίσι του gentrification πνευματικούis φωτός, ήσυχη καιinγαλήνια Στοκχόλμη και The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor πολλές άλλες. the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof Γοητεύεται απ’ φυσικές ομορφιές τους.

London, upgrade them, stayτις themselves sometimes there and thusΘαυμάζει old residentsτα are being indirectly “squeezed”. πολιτιστικά τους μνημεία. Υμνεί τα κατορθώματά τους. Θλίβεται για τα being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth λάθη καιsame ψάχνει στους τακτοποιημένους δρόμους και A τους description ofperiod, thisμέσα phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the while similar in όνειρα other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major ήρωες παιδικής του by ηλικίας. cities in της Western countries, other Researchers. cities inΟι Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issueομοιοκατάληκτοι, has several and for its more στίχοι είναι φόρμα scholars που δεν βρίσκει εύφορο Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various έδαφος επί των ημερών μας, αν και εξακολουθεί να ασκεί στον comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: αναγνώστη μια γοητεία ιδιαίτερη. Η γραφή απλή, λιτή, δίχως περιττά interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups στολίδια, διαπνέεται από κάποιο δροσερό αεράκι που συνοδεύει to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money πάντοτε τον ταξιδευτή. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Σ’ αυτό τοdistributed σημείο θα επιχειρήσουμε να centres, σαςRuth διαβάσουμε έναin term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

GLASS for wasbetter born sense1.ofThe safety atcomes the residencies outside town search Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published anαφιερωμένο important study entitled: ενδεικτικό ποίημα, από τη συλλογή Εν πτήσει, στην services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for «Κοπεγχάγη των παραμυθιών». lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, Types of ίδιους intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Σε παγωμένα ύδατα Στους δρόμους περπατώ στα τέλη Νοεμβρίου περνάω γεφυράκια Concerns εγνώρισα ήθη κι έθιμα οι παιδικοί μου ήρωες Κοπεγχάγη

ενός λαού του κρύου

μου στέλνουνε φιλάκια

στη θάλασσα σπουδαίου

χωρίς φανφάρες κούφιες

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate Schoolγελαστά of Design, Student, Ενός λαού πυρόξανθου Βλέπω παιδάκια

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS πολεμικού, γενναίου Χωμένα μέσ’ τις σκούφιες Architect Student of the School of Architecture στη μάχη αδυσώπητου Βλέπω μεγάλους να University γλεντούνof Crete Technical

80

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ΜεANTISTHENIS, κέρατα στην κεφαλή Βλέπω όλα αυτά και απορώ ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the με ξίφη ακονισμένα πώς ο λαός (444 ετούτος among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. πόλεις, χωριά κατέκτησε δεν μοιάζει μ' άλλους γείτονες acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term σφάζοντας τον καθένα που υπέταξε Κνούτος 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” is in a first, if (in notο final, approach, the term urban gentrification) indicated the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Και το βασίλειο ίδρυσε Μάλλον αυτή η ζεστασιά Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and των thethis placement of artists, το της Δανημαρκίας ετούτων ανθρώπων the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever also rising land prices (and theof Πώς κάτιother πάνταconsequences τρέχει εδώ, has, results γεννήθηκε σεof αμμουδιές whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential είν' άξιονrelative απορίας! παραμυθένιων τόπων potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Είν' πόλη του Άντερσεν Αφήνω πίσω μου όνειρα the ηthen observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof ηLondon, πόλη της μαγείας ενός άλλου αιώνα upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Νεράιδες έζησαν κι ένανin λυγμό μοναχικό being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description ofπολλές this phenomenon is included the work of Sociologist Ruth σ' αυτάς απ' την μικρή γοργόνα.

A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS atτας the συνοικίας same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities inΣτα Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Λέκτρα Θερινά ο Νικόλας Φαραντούρης ταξιδεύει στην Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various πολιτεία του εσωτερικού του σύμπαντος. Περιδιαβαίνει τις κεντρικές comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: αρτηρίες της.ofΑναζητά ίχνη απ’ τα παθιασμένα του βήματα στους interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups κήπους των ερώτων. Συναντιέται μ’ έναν δικό του μήνα, τον Ιούνιο της to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money υπομονής. Φωτογραφίζει μεταλλικές γέφυρες, που δεν κατάφεραν να and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the ενώσουν ποτέ τιςdistributed απέναντι όχθες, κάποιο δακρυσμένο Σεπτέμβρη.

1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes the residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, whereμε sheευαισθησία made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Ανασύρει στην επιφάνεια τα μαλακά χρώματα της services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for συντροφικότητας και τηςPrague, αγάπης, που δυόσμο και βασιλικό. lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private car access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, London andμυρίζουν Neweasier York she came to back to London, 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 she teacher in the ΚιinAccording έπειτα, κατεβαίνει στα σκοτεινά της υπόγεια, όπου βρίσκονται to another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying ερμητικά κλεισμένα τα μεγάλα και αναπάντητα ερωτήματα της her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ανθρώπινης ύπαρξης.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Εδώ, ο στίχος εγκαταλείπει τα συγκεκριμένα πλαίσια και τους of intervention, ConcernsTypes ofναGentrification κανόνεςDefinition, ομοιοκαταληξίας, για βαδίσει ελεύθερος στο τοπίο του χαρτιού. Απ’ αυτή τη συλλογή θα επιχειρήσουμε και πάλι να σας Concerns διαβάσουμε τρία ποιήματα: τη «μέθη», τον «κύκλο» και το «δίλημμα».

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate - μέθη κύκλοςSchool of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical of Crete Απόψε σε φαντάστηκα Ο κύκλος. ΣχήμαUniversity ή τρόπος;

Introductory approach: Defining the concept στο1.λιόγερμα μιας Κυριακής Θέση ή προορισμός; 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ασέληνης τ’ Αυγούστου Κάθε συνέχειας η αρχή, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens),

among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the amongεκατηφόριζα other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a great καθώς κάθε το τέλος. acquisition of knowledge startshe with of αρχής the content of“principle”: concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term το μονοπάτι1 της λύπης Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban σκαλιά τριανταδυό μετρώντας, Ό,τι κυκλικό gentrification gentrification) indicated (in thefrom area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, theαγάπησα, removal this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), social ανώδυνης groups, usually of low-income Κι andό,τι theαρνήθηκα, placement there of artists, χρόνιαofμεστά εφηβείας το ίδιο ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of που κράτησε. Στην αέναη κίνησή του the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results κυκλοτερώς also rising of πορεύεται. land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Είχαthen καιρό που κίνησα, The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents φίλος παλιός ξενιτεμένος, Όλα εκτός απ’ την αγάπη areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. για τηςindirectly λήθης τ’“squeezed”. άγια χώματα μα ίσως και την πίστη, being A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth ψελλίζοντας όλοphenomenon αρμύρα: τα δίδυμα ορφανά GLASS at the λέξεις same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. βότσαλα, θυμάρι,countries, λευκό κρασί. της Σοφίας cities in Western bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more the issue several below, scholars andthe for various its more Δεν Since ήξεραthen, πώς να σε πω has comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: και σ’ είπα Πελαγία· Αρχή και τέλος interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups στη σκόνη του χρόνου που γέννησε σ’ ασύμπτωτα σημεία to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work is, lack of the σιωπή. Το δίπολο τουplace κρίκου termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: που άνοιξε. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and 12 Αυγούστου 25 Ιουλίου 2009brokers University College2009 of London, where she continued her social research.

Her public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 252181 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Σύντομα ανέκυψε το δίλημμα: της στιγμής η χάρη Concerns ή του αιώνιου η διακινδύνευση; δίλημμα

Απάντηση κακή θα δώκουμεBy Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS σ’ ερώτημα λειψό,Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect αμέσως συλλογίστηκα Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

Αλληλουχία στιγμών η αιωνιότητα 1. Introductory Defining the concept για κείνους approach: που ασκήθηκαν 1.

Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancientDefining Greek philosopher, στον ήχο και the το χάδι

82

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Φθόγγοι, στιγμές ευάλωτες acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term στουtherefore, μέλους την 1 (and urban Based, on αθανασία· this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 αγγίγματα, της σάρκας θυμιάματα. gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, 3 of Αυγούστου 2009 the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification found at first in theιδιαίτερα UK in earlyσημαντικές 1960s and it refers to Βραδιές όπως ηis αποψινή είναι για τη The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor δύσκολη εποχή που διανύουν τα people τελευταία χρόνια οι κοινωνίες μας.of the then observed trend wealthy to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are Σήμερα οι δρόμοι τουstay στοχασμού της τέχνης εξαφανίζονται κάτω London, upgrade them, themselvesκαι sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. από τόνους πλαστικής ύλης, που καλύπτουν τον ταλαιπωρημένο being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth πλανήτη Αλλά οι δρόμοι οι πιο σύντομοι, που μπορούν A description ofperiod, this phenomenon isείναι included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at μας. the same while αυτοί similar situations recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major να μας οδηγήσουν κατευθείαν την αλήθεια και τη θεία φύση μας. cities in Western countries, by otherπρος Researchers. cities in Western countries, byλοιπόν, other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Ας τους αναζητήσουμε, παραμερίζοντας οτιδήποτε ευτελές Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various τους επισκιάζει. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Οι ποιητές, οι καλλιτέχνες και γενικότερα οι πνευματικοί interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social άνθρωποι μετέχουν στο γίγνεσθαι της δημιουργίας. Κάποιοι ίσωςgroups τους to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money χαρακτηρίζουν ουτοπικούς· μια λέξη που, κατά τη γνώμη τους, and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the στερείται περιεχομένου. Κάθε άλλο! Η αναζήτηση και όνειρο τηςin 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth το GLASS wasbetter born sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin, where she made herζητάει first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: . αλήθειας μια ουτοπία για να θεμελιωθεί services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Ομιλία της Λενέτας ΣΤΡΑΝΗ σε ειδική εκδήλωση στην Αθήνα G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

παρουσίασης δύο ποιητικών συλλογών του Νικόλα ΦΑΡΑΝΤΟΥΡΗ.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 252183 11

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ΛΕΝΕΤΑ ΣΤΡΑΝΗ: ΑΛΠΙΚΗ ΖΩΝΗ GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, ofΤου intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification κυρίου Αθαν. ΝΙΑΡΧΟΥ Συγγραφέα Concerns

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Στα 57 ποιήματα της Λενέτας Στράνη που συγκροτούν το

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ποιητικό της βιβλίο «Αλπική Ζώνη» οκτώ είναι τα ποιήματα που τις Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, λέξεις των τίτλων τους και επομένως και τους ίδιους τους τίτλους θα

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect μπορούσε να τους διαβάσει κανείς προκειμένου να στεγάσουν και ένα Student of the School of Architecture Technical University υφής. of Crete επικαιρικό δημοσιογραφικό κείμενο, πολιτικής ή κοινωνικής Διαβάζω τους οκτώ αυτούς τίτλους: «Το ατύχημα», «Μεταμεσονύκτιο 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept συμβάν», «Ασύμφορη Μάχη», «Ακριβά «Γεγονός μη 1. Introductory approach: the conceptΛάφυρα», ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), αναστρέψιμο», «Σε περίοδο ισχνών αγελάδων», «Η δεξίωση», ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the «Απόδοση Τιμών». Τα επόμενα 49 ποιήματα είτε πρόκειται για among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts.τους τίτλους «Φθινοπωρινός περίπατος» και if of «Το μαλακό φως acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, not final, approach, the μιας term 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, Ερέβους» if (in notthe final, approach, the term υδατογραφίας» είτε για τους τίτλουςisin«Οδός και με urban gentrification) indicated area of«Αγκαλιά Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various το λυκόφως» ακόμη και αν δεν τους χαρακτήριζε κανείς αμέσως ως Sociology well), as the “refining” ofτο a city area, the fromthere this, (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andπολύ theremoval placement of στίχους ήasτίτλους ποιημάτων, πολύ να τους απέδιδε ως ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless of ονομασίες μουσικών συμφωνιών που έχουν μια μακρά και ένδοξη the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this “change”, regardless of whatever other has, results rising of land prices (and the ιστορία στον χώρο της μουσικής, αλλά συμβαίνει οofίδιος να τις αγνοεί. whatever other consequences has, results also rising land prices (and the potential relative speculation). Θα ήθελαrelative να επιμείνω σ’ αυτό το θέμα των λέξεων όσον αφορά την potential speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to ποιήτρια Λενέτα Στράνη, σοφή Πολ The term gentrification foundπειθαρχώντας atpeople first in the UKστην in early 1960s and του itareas refers the then observed trend ofisτόσο wealthy to buy property inρήση poor ofto Βαλερί ότι «η ποίηση φτιάχνεται μεsometimes λέξεις»toόσο έναν άλλοareas λόγο. the then observed trend of wealthy people buyκαι property in poor London, upgrade them, stay themselves there andγια thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, themselves sometimes and thus old residents are Θεωρώ το βιβλίο τηςstay «Αλπική Ζώνη» σαν there ένα ντοκουμέντο για τη being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A descriptionήofμάλλον this phenomenon included in the σημασία work of Sociologist Ruth δισυπόστατη άπειρωνisυποστάσεων των λέξεων.

A το description ofκαι thisτόσο phenomenon isότι included inwere the recorded work κόβεις of Sociologist Ruth GLASS atγνωστό the same period, while similar situations in other major Κατά εύστοχο με ένα μαχαίρι μια φέτα GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities Western countries, by ψωμίinαλλά σκοτώνεις κι other ένανResearchers. άνθρωπο. Η Στράνη χρησιμοποιεί τις cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more λέξεις της με έναν τρόπο τόσο διαυγή ώστε εξίσου διαυγής να γίνεται Since then, the issue has several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from και ο χώρος τωνapproach υπαρξιακών αναφορών, πουbelow, έχουμε συνηθίσει να comprehensive are της being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: τον λογαριάζουμε ως έναν χώρο πολυδαίδαλο, ασαφή. Γράφει: «Τα interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups αιωνόβια χέρια των μοναχικών γυναικών / καθώς χάϊδευαν to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs ακίνητα in money στιςtime αυλές / κάθε απόβραδο το to παρελθόν τους». and to travel from the purlieus downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruthμοναχικές, GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS -for was born in Ξέρουμε πωςatcomes υπάρχουν γυναίκες ότιcentres, υπάρχουν ακόμη sense safety the distributed residencies outside town better Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of-health, entertainment “at the heart ofλέξη the city”, (possibly) ευτυχώς αυλές,education, φτάνουν δυο ακίνητα και ηfor Youth Unemployment.

The same όμως year she left μονάχα Germany λέξεις, and afterηcontinuous movements lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research Geneva, Prague, London andαίσθηση New York she came back to London,μιας where λέξη αιωνόβια γιαin να αποκτήσουμε την μιας λειτουργίας, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the toκαλύτερα another approach, the is due a systematic and τελετουργίας που μεταβάλλει, με το να αναγεννάται και να University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion justice.των See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. διαιωνίζεται, σε «αιωνόβια» ταforχέρια γυναικών, τόσο πρόσκαιρα and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: κι’ αυτά όπως το κάθε τι στην ένσαρκη παρουσία του ανθρώπου.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Οι τρεις αυτοί στίχοι από το ποίημα «Ακριβά λάφυρα» που θα GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, τους υπέγραφε με ενθουσιασμό ο Γιάννης Ρίτσος, συνοψίζουν κατά Types Concerns of Gentrification κάποιο Definition, τρόπο την «ποιητική» αλλά καιof τηνintervention, καλλιτεχνική ιδιοσυστασία της Λενέτας Στράνη. Το κάθε τι για να υπάρξει, χρειάζεται να Concerns μεταποιηθεί σε κάτι άλλο είτε μέσα στον ποιητικό είτε μέσα στον

ιστορικό χρόνο και εδώ θα επικαλούμασταν ακόμη μια φορά τον Mr.το George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS Γιάννη Ρίτσο, στον οποίο ακόμηByκαι πέταγμαC.μιας μύγας δηλώνει Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, έναν κόσμο ανυποψίαστο ως τη στιγμή που ο ποιητής αποφασίζει να

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect μας τον αποκαλύψει. Όπως ακριβώς συμβαίνει με το ποίημα «Ομοειδή» Student of the School of Architecture της Στράνη που υπόθεση (αν μπορεί να εννοηθεί ποίημαUniversity με υπόθεση), Technical of Crete ατμόσφαιρα, λέξεις καθώς και η άηχη μουσική ενός κόσμου υπαρκτού, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept αλλά αθέατου, συγκροτούν ένα σκηνικό που μεγεθυμένο θα στοίχειωνε 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Greek τονANTISTHENIS, πλανήτη, αλλάthe ενancient σμικρώ είναιphilosopher, μόνο ο ποιητής που μπορεί να το ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among otherΣαν wiseμια heritage he left us, he established a great the παρατηρεί. αρχή γένεσης των πάντων τα(444 ποιήματα της Στράνη, among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. είτε πρόκειται για έννοιες, είτε τα ίδια τα πράγματα, περισσότερο acquisition of knowledge starts withγια thein definition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term δείχνει να therefore, οσφραίνεται την καταγωγή που ενδιαφέρεται να 1 (and urban Based, on this “principle” inindicated aτους first,παρά if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 την επαναφέρει όπως υπήρξε κάποτε. Γεγονός που δίνει μια μεγάλη gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various ελευθερία στις λέξεις της και στις διαδρομές που έχουν διανύσει αυτές Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), ofναsocial groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, ώσπου φτάσουν να γίνουν τα απαραίτητα υλικά για there τη σύνθεση the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices theof των ποιημάτων της, με αποτυπωμένο όμως πάνω τους το (and ακριβό whatever other consequences resultsεκδοχή also rising land pricesπου (andτη the potential relative δακτυλικό της speculation). αποτύπωμα. has, Τη διττή τηςofγλώσσας, potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first inπαρουσία the UK in early and itθα refers to σημειώσαμε ήδη ως δισυπόστατη των 1960s λέξεων, την The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor αναγνωρίσει κανείς στην κατακλείδα πολλών Στράνη the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buyποιημάτων property in της poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof με έναν στίχο που φαίνεται συμπερασματικός, κάτιand σαν επιμύθιο, αλλά London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. στην πραγματικότητα συνιστά αυτή την μορφή αυθαιρεσίας, που being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth υιοθετεί ποίηση προκειμένου να isδώσει σχήμα στο άμορφο υλικόmajor του A description ofperiod, this phenomenon included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS atηthe same while similar situations recorded in other GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major κόσμου, όπως συσσωρεύεται καθημερινά, cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.επί αιώνες. Με τον σύγχρονο cities inνα Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue and έχει for its more ποιητή στέκεται απόhas πάνω του τόσοseveral ενδεής,scholars σαν να μην γραφεί Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various ούτε ένας στίχος από έναν προγενέστερο συνάδελφό του και more να comprehensivethe approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations theχάρη following: χρειάζεται ο of ίδιος phenomenon εξ υπαρχής ofναgentrification, ανακαλύψει, σε έναν ήχο, αν interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense,ένα theof phenomenon is dueof toήgentrification, a trend a new of social κρύβεται σπάνιο μέταλλο ένας ofαπλός ντενεκές μέσαgroups στα to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money παλίμψηστα και στις επιχωματώσεις όπως δημιουργούνται στις and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the εκβολές της ποίησης τηςresidencies καθημερινότητας. Στράνη φαίνεται ναin 1.of The termat comes fromκαι Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born sense safety the distributed outside townΗcentres, for Berlin, where she madeτο herμυστικό first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: έχει πολιορκήσει του πώς επιτυγχάνεται η εξόρυξη της services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for αυθεντικότητας ενός μετάλλου. Αφού τον χρόνο lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc.τον studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car New York αισθητικό she came to back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the περιβάλλει με ακριβή ιδιωτεία των στίχων ρυάκι ατίθασο η to την another approach, the is«ένα due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying χωρίστρα που / ξεδιψούσε η έγνοια μου για τη συγκομιδή», για να μας her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part the urban web,αν in 10th edit. σ’ Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: περάσει έναν χρόνο, θα τολμούσε κανείς να τον πειof συμπαντικό, Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aκαι variety of ways, in order toυπάρχουν achieve the “voluntary”, (actually οι σχετικοί στίχοι του σ’“assisted”, ένα ποίημα που τιτλοφορείται 252185 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

86

«Ο μικρόκοσμος». Γράφει: «Σίσυφοι μιας ατέρμονης / ματαιοπονίας για να κερδίζει την πληρότητα η τροχιά». Η ποίηση μπορεί να δίνει όποιο περιεχόμενο θέλει στις λέξεις και τα γεγονότα και το συνειδητό ον, που υπόκειται σε όλα τα ποιήματα της Στράνη, να μεταβάλλεται αιφνίδια σε έναν Σίσυφο που ενεργεί ερήμην του, ή μάλλον για να συντηρείται η κίνηση μιας τροχιάς που Byτους Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS αγνοεί ο ίδιος τους σκοπούς για οποίους έχει τεθεί σε κίνηση.

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Θεωρώ πως η στάση αυτή της Στράνη δεν είναι άσχετη με μιαStudent, άλλη,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect απολύτως κατακτημένη, ποιητική της εκφορά, να μην είναι δηλαδή το Student of the School of Architecture υποκείμενο που θεάται τον κόσμο, αλλά να Technical είναι ο University αδιαπέραστος of Crete αντικειμενικός κόσμος που θεάται περίσκεπτος το υποκείμενο, χωρίς Introductory approach: Defining theτο concept να 1.μπορείς να καταλάβεις αν τελικά υποκείμενο έχει καταφέρει να 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek - 370 BC, Athens), κλέψει το αυτεξούσιό του, ή philosopher, παραμένει (444 ένα BC ενεργούμενο του ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great μακρόκοσμου. Ενδεικτικό από την άποψη αυτή θα θεωρούσαμε the το among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. μια εκπληκτικό ποίημα «Γεγονός μη αναστρέψιμο» που μεταφέρει acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term διαπίστωση καθαρά κλινικής υφής χώρο εννοιολογικής 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated aσε first,έναν if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 σύγκρουσης, καθώς και τα ποιήματα «Ουσιομανής άγγελος» και «Ιστοί gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various κατάλληλοι» από το προηγούμενο ποιητικό βιβλίο της Στράνη «Διεθνή Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, Ύδατα». the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices στίχους, (and theof Μιλήσαμε όμως για συμπερασματικούς, ακροτελεύτιους whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, resultsπολύ also rising land the potential κάτι σανrelative επιμύθιο, κι ενώ γνωρίζουμε καλά of πως η prices ποίηση(and τόσο potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s it refersνα to περισσότερο πείθει όσο λιγότερο αισθάνεται την and ανάγκη The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor επιχειρηματολογεί, μπαίνουμε να αντιγράψουμε the then observed trend wealthyστον peopleπειρασμό to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof μερικούς. Έχουμε λοιπόν: «Καλά κρατεί τα μυστικά έρως», «Τα London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there andτου thusοold residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. σήμαντρα του πάθους ραγισμένα», «Στον έρωτα δεν συνηθίζεται being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ανάσταση», τον· για ποιητή», «Κιofο Sociologist ύπνος A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work Ruth GLASS at the«Συλλάβετέ same whileπρόκειται similar in otherάφησε major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major τα όνειρα ξεκλείδωτα», «Σε κάθε άνοιξη καταλογίζεται απληστία», «Ο cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several for its more ουρανός ασέληνος πενθοφορούσε». Αν scholars προσέξειand κανείς θα Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various παρατηρήσει πως με μια διαφορετική διατύπωση, με τις ίδιες ακριβώς comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, theηbelow, following: λέξεις όλων αυτών των ακροτελεύτιων στίχων, Στράνη θα μπορούσε interpretations of the phenomenon of thecategory following: a sense, the togentrification, a trend of a άραγε; new να Inγράψει έναphenomenon καινούργιοis due ποίημα. Γιατί Γιατίof social μέσα groups τους to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money υπάρχουν όλες οι λέξεις κλειδιά - σύμβολα της ποίησης όπως and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the «μυστικό», «έρως», «ανάσταση», 1.of The termat comes from «πάθος», Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS«όνειρο», wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town«ποιητής», centres, for Berlin, where she made her first και studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: «άνοιξη», «σελήνη», έστω ως «ασέληνος ουρανός». services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Είναι του from συνόλου ποιημάτων της «Αλπικής lower living costενδεικτικές of, in “withdrawal” private car access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London andτων Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the Ζώνης» οι published λέξεις αυτές; Χωρίς the να πλειοψηφούν σε σχέση με άλλες to another approach, is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying λέξεις, έχουν το προσόν, αν και λέξεις αφηρημένες, να υπηρετούν με her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realευθύβολο estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially ofπου part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: εξαιρετικά τρόπο μιαLondon εικονοποιία μετεωρίζεται, ή Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aκαλύτερα variety ofακροβατεί, ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually ή ακόμα καλύτερα ερωτοτροπεί με την άβυσσο

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

του αισθήματος, τουαλλά αισθήματος, τελικά να αλλά κερδίζει τελικά (ηνα εικονοποιία κερδίζει (ηεννοούμε) εικονοποιία τηνεννοούμε) τ αιχμηρότητα αιχμηρότητα ενός διαπεραστικού ενός διαπεραστικού ξίφους. «Δραπέτη ξίφους. σε «Δραπέτη συνέλαβε σε η συνέλαβε αφοσίωση / αφοσίωση πάνω στο ατσάλινο / πάνω στο άλογο ατσάλινο της προδοσίας». άλογο της Επομένως προδοσίας». Επομένω όλοι αυτοί όλοι και άλλοι αυτοί τόσοι και άλλοι ακροτελεύτιοι τόσοι ακροτελεύτιοι στίχοι μοιάζει στίχοι να μοιάζει υπαινίσσονταιυπαινίσσονται σε ποιήματα σε ολοκληρωμένα ποιήματα ολοκληρωμένα κάτι που μένει κάτιαπέξω που μένει απέ πάντα, ακόμαπάντα, και σε ακόμα σχέση και με το σεπιο σχέση εντελές με τοποίημα. πιο εντελές Δεν συνοψίζουν ποίημα. Δεν συνοψίζο By δεν Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS επ’ ουδενί το ποίημα, επ’ ουδενί δεντοτοποίημα, συμπληρώνουν, το συμπληρώνουν, μόνοC. που το ποίημα μόνο που χωρίς το ποίημα χωρ Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, τον ακροτελεύτιο τον ακροτελεύτιο στίχο θα διαβαζόταν στίχο θαδιαφορετικά, διαβαζόταν διαφορετικά, έστω κι αν δενέστω το κι αν δεν

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect υποψιαζόταν υποψιαζόταν κανείς. Δουλειά κανείς. όμωςΔουλειά του ποιητή όμως είναι του αυτή ποιητή ακριβώς: είναι αυτή Να ακριβώς: Ν Student of the School of Architecture θεωρεί πως θεωρεί το πολιορκήσιμο πως το πολιορκήσιμο αλλά και ουδέποτε αλλά καιεκπορθούμενο ουδέποτε εκπορθούμε Technical University of Crete πρόσωπο τηςπρόσωπο Μέδουσας, τηςθαΜέδουσας, αρκούσε μια θα αρκούσε αθέατη αμυχή μια αθέατη του, για αμυχή να του, για 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept εισδύσει στο εισδύσει εσωτερικό στο του εσωτερικό σε βαθμό του πουσεθαβαθμό ήταν που αδύνατον θα ήταν να αδύνατον το να 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancientπάγια Greek philosopher, κατορθώσει κατορθώσει με theτην με την ενατένιση πάγια των ενατένιση πιο καίριων των πιο καίριω ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, established a «Διεθνή great the Ύδατα» τ χαρακτηριστικών. χαρακτηριστικών. «Η Αλπική Ζώνη» «Η he Αλπική όπως και Ζώνη» τα όπως και Ύδατα» τα «Διεθνή της among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Λενέτας Στράνη Λενέτας συγκεράζουν Στράνη συγκεράζουν την ποιητική την κυριολεξία ποιητική με τη γοητείαμε τη γοητε acquisition of knowledge starts with thein definition the content ofκυριολεξία concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term του Based, μυστηρίου, του δηλαδή μυστηρίου, τις“principle” λέξεις δηλαδή όπως λέξεις διέπουν όπως οιarea τις δικοί διέπουν τουςthe νόμοι οι term δικοί τους νόμ 1 (and therefore, on this inτις a τις first, if (in not final, approach, urban gentrification) is indicated the of Planning) (or gentrification 1 μέσα στην ποίηση μέσα με στην την ποίηση έλξη όπως με την την έλξη ασκεί όπως το αβυθομέτρητο την ασκεί το αβυθομέτρητο βάθος βάθ gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various του ανθρώπου. του ανθρώπου.

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement

ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless of whatever otherδύο consequences has, results alsoαπό rising land prices (andέκδ. the Ακολουθούν Ακολουθούν ποιήματαδύο απόποιήματα τη συλλογή Διεθνή τηofσυλλογή ύδατα Διεθνή (1η ύδατα (1η έκ whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential speculation). Στιγμή, relative 2η έκδ. Κουκκίδα) τέσσερα και ποιήματα απόποιήματα τη συλλογή Στιγμή, 2η έκδ.και Κουκκίδα) τέσσερα από τη συλλο potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at firstΚίχλη). in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Αλπική ζώνη (εκδόσεις Κίχλη). Αλπική ζώνη (εκδόσεις The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof Ουσιομανής άγγελος Ουσιομανής άγγελος London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Το του Το κορμί A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS atκορμί the same whileτου similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major από την ξύλινη καρέκλα έγερνε από την ξύλινη καρέκλα cities inέγερνε Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more σε τραπεζάκι καφενείου μαρμάρινο σε τραπεζάκι καφενείου μαρμάρινο Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from Κέρδιζε η σιωπή στο τάβλι Κέρδιζε η σιωπή στο τάβλι below, comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of theεφημερίδα phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Μια πρωινή ατσαλάκωτη Μια πρωινή εφημερίδα ατσαλάκωτη interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In aτον sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new κοίταζε απ’ την πρώτη σελίδα της τον κοίταζε απ’ την πρώτη σελίδα της of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money απ’ ευθείας στα απ’μάτια ευθείας στα μάτια and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin,Μάτια where she made Μάτια her firstτρικάταρτα studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: ναυαγισμένα ναυαγισμένα τρικάταρτα services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for ξεβρασμένα στο αρχαίο λιμανάκι ξεβρασμένα στο αρχαίο λιμανάκι lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she ύψιλον published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

1950 sheto became teacher in the ενός —άλλωστε τα—άλλωστε πνεύματα ενός ύψιλον ταInπνεύματα to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying έχουν εκλείψει— με εκλείψει— κοκκινόψαρα έχουν με κοκκινόψαρα her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, να etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: να περιδιαβαίνουν τις κόγχες τους περιδιαβαίνουν τις2009. κόγχες τους G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in λευκά order Abstract. to the “assisted”, (actually λευκά μαργαριτάρια οιachieve κόρες μαργαριτάρια οι κόρες “voluntary”, 252187 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Από το σάπιο δοκάρι του τίτλου Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification τσακισμένα φτερά γερανού κρέμονταν τα όμορφα χέρια του Concerns Χέρια καλλιτέχνη κι ας το ’κρυβαν

φανερές οι ουλές από σκάγια κατά μήκος της φλέβας By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Μυρωδάτα Πηλίου, φώναξε Student of the School of Architecture ο μανάβης της λαϊκής παίζοντας Technical University of Crete

στον αέρα δυο μήλα κόκκινα

88

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Η δωδεκάχρονη συμπόνια 1.

Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, πλανόδια ανθοπώλης στο επάγγελμα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among απίθωσε other wiseδυο heritage he leftγαρύφαλλα us, he established(444 a great the κάτασπρα among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. στο φέρετρο τραπεζάκι acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and Έπειτα έσκυψε στο ανοιχτό πουκάμισο gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various λιγάκι προς τ’ αριστερά του στέρνου Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, να διαπιστώσει ιδίοις όμμασι τονHowever ήλον the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has,της results also rising of land prices (and theof πάνω στο άτριχο σημείο καρδιάς whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Μοιραία συνάντηση the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Μέλωνε “squeezed”. το λαρύγγι του ο τζίτζικας being indirectly A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth όταν πρόλαβε να βγαίνω απ’ την πόρτα A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at theμε same while similar situations in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major ολόλευκο χιτώνα με κουκούλα cities in Φορούσε Western countries, by other Researchers. cities inαπό Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more σχισμές διέκρινα τα μάτια της Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from Στα χέρια κράταγε δρεπανηφόρα απαγόρευση comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of theαπό phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Μου ’γνεψε απόσταση να σταματήσω interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Έναν περίπατο μονάχα, της δικαιολογήθηκα and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the να δω at τα στάχυα πρινresidencies το θερισμό term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed outside town centres, Berlin, where sheβρήκε made her first studies. μου In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Η λάμα της ανάσας τον τράχηλο services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Σωριάστηκε η παράκληση υποταγμένη lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Έβαλα πάλι το κλειδί στην τσέπη her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate,στον etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. διάδρομο London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: μπαίνοντας Αχέροντα G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order toεισέπραξε achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Κλειδί αντίτιμο που η απόφαση

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να με περάσει σε όχθη GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of ερημίας Intervention, Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Όπως ο θάνατος και η τέχνη μάς διεκδικεί Concerns Ορέγεται τα θύματά της καθ’ ολοκληρίαν

Ναοί ανήλιαγοι τα δώματα των ποιητών By στην Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS η ίδια Κέρβερος έξοδο παραμονεύει

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Αντι-θέσεις Technical University of Crete

Νοέμβρη μήνα οιthe φίλοι μου οι επιδημητικοί 1. Introductory approach: Defining concept προετοιμάζονται γιαconcept τον ερχόμενο 1. Introductory approach: the ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BCχειμώνα - 370 BC, Athens), Να επισκευάσουν λίγο την ανία ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a τους great the among other wise heritage left us,definition he established a great σπασμένα τζάμια στα εξώθυρα των καθιερωμένων acquisition of knowledge startshe with the of the content of“principle”: concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theτζάκι of the content of concepts. καυσόξυλα στο τηςifασφάλειας Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification αλεξικέραυνο για τα απρόοπτα και τις εκπλήξεις 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various άλλοι φίλοι αποδημητικοί θα ταξιδέψουν Sociology as well), asΟι the “refining” ofμου a cityοιarea, from this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement there ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, χτενίζουν τα φτερά τους στον ορίζοντα the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences results also rising Πούπουλαhas, γκρίζα πέφτουν απ’ of τοland χτένιprices τους (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising ofονείρου land prices (and the potential relative και σκοτεινιάζει η προοπτική του potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first inθ’the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Μα και ακάλυπτοι αποτολμήσουν τη διαδρομή The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy people to buy in poor areas Μνήμα τους τα sometimes πελάγη και οι property κάμποι London, upgrade them, stay of themselves there and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Ο μικρόκοσμος A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Θραύσματα περιστρεφόμαστε cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied otherμοναξιάς Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more γύρωhas απ’ τον εαυτό μας και την Αφροδίτη Since then, the issue several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from με κύριο μέλημα τις αποστάσεις comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations theασφαλείας phenomenon of thecategory following: αφού τάξηofαπειλείται In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, aη trend a new of social groups απ’ την εγγύτητα. Σίσυφοι μιας ατέρμονης to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the ματαιοπονίας γιαGLASS, να κερδίζει termat comes from Sociologist Ruth 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside townτην centres, Berlin, where she made πληρότητα her first studies.

In 1932 she published anπου important study entitled: η τροχιά σ’ ένα πεδίο services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for επιταχυνόμενο επεκτείνεται lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier Yorkκαι she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.

1950 sheto became teacher in the οι αποστάσεις μεταξύ μας In αλαργεύουν to another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, Στη etc., for theCodepreciation initially of επιθυμία part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: σκοτεινή και ανεξιχνίαστη μας G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in Εκεί orderθα toβρίσκονται achieve theοι “assisted”, “voluntary”, συνδετικοί μας κρίκοι(actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Ακριβά λάφυρα Concerns Σηκώσαμε το καλοκαίρι στους ώμους μας

Τα ξύλινα παραθυρόφυλλα που άνθιζαν ήλιο

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Τις μονωδίες τωνHarvard παφλασμών στην πανσέληνο University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Τα αιωνόβια χέρια των μοναχικών γυναικών

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture καθώς χάιδευαν ακίνητα στις αυλές Technical University of Crete κάθε απόβραδο το παρελθόν τους

90

1. Introductory Defining theώμους conceptμας Σηκώσαμεapproach: το καλοκαίρι στους 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, Θα το κρεμάσουμε να ξεραθεί αβίαστα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the amongκάτω other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: απ’ την ωχράδα του φθινοπώρου acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts withστο thein definition the content of concepts. καιtherefore, θα το καίμε λίγο λίγο τζάκι Based, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification για να 1πυρώνονται τα χειμωνιάτικα όνειρα gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Σηκώσαμε το καλοκαίρι στους ώμους μας Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, etc. However “change”,there regardless of Το βάρος του τόσοrestaurants, ανάλαφρο όσο οι φτερούγες the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof των γλάρων που μας ξεπροβοδίζουν whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas Γεγονός μηtrend αναστρέψιμο London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Οι λέξεις“squeezed”. μεταφέρθηκαν νύχτα. Σήκωσαν A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASSέπιπλα at the same while similar in other major άδειασαν τιςwhile ντουλάπες κι άφησαν GLASS at the same period, similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. κλειδί countries, στην έξοδο. Τα φόρτωσαν cities inτο Western bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from όλα στην αργυρή κούπα του ύψιλον comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of ξεδιψούσαμε the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: –σ’ αυτή χρόνια interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trendτου of aρω new of social groups κλείνοντας πίσω τουςis την παροχή to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money σκέφτηκαν φαίνεται μήπως στάζει and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed outside town centres, Στενότης στο χώρο η residencies σιωπή κατέλαβε Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of δωμάτια health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) τα εκπνέει διοξείδιο Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies –το and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, γνωρίζαμε πάντα in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and ήρθε η ώρα φοβάμαι να δραπετεύσουμε University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. αθόρυβα ένας ένας and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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ΣΧΟΛΗ ΑΞΙΩΜΑΤΙΚΩΝ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΗΣ ΑΣΤΥΝΟΜΙΑΣ GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention,

Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification ΗΜΕΡΗΣΙΑ ΔΙΑΤΑΓΗ ΤΗΣ 22/6/2016 Concerns

Του κυρίου Λάμπρου ΚΑΤΣΙΦΑ Ταξιάρχου, Διοικητού Σ.Α.Ε.Α.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,  Νέες και Νέοι ΥπαστυνόμοιBy Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect of the School of Architecture Πριν από λίγο, παρουσία της αυτούStudent Εξοχότητας, του Προέδρου της Technical of Crete Ελληνικής Δημοκρατίας, με τις ευλογίες της Εκκλησίας καιUniversity την παρουσία

μελών της Κυβέρνησης, εκπροσώπων του Ελληνικού Κοινοβουλίου και 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept πολιτικών κομμάτων, της Πολιτικής Ηγεσίας του Υπουργείου Εσωτερικών 1. Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), και ANTISTHENIS, Διοικητικής Ανασυγκρότησης, της Ηγεσίας των Ενόπλων Δυνάμεων the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the και των Σωμάτων Ασφαλείας, των Επισήμων προσκεκλημένων, among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. των καθηγητών αγαπημένων σαςthe προσώπων, δώσατε όρκο πίστης και acquisition ofκαι knowledge starts with the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (andπατρίδα, αφοσίωσης στην το Σύνταγμα και τους Νόμους του Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the και term urban gentrification) is the area of Κράτους Planning) (or gentrification 1 ενταχθήκατε στη οικογένεια των Αξιωματικών Ελληνικής gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areaτης of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as μεγάλη the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Αστυνομίας. Ο όρκος σας αυτός, αποτελεί μία δέσμευση συνεχούς και ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andπολιτειακές thethis placement there of artists, άοκνης προσφοράς, προς την κοινωνία και τις Αρχές. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences alsoσημαία rising ofτης land Σχολής, prices (and theof Σήμερα, παραδώσατεhas, τηνresults ένδοξη στους whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising prices (andτις the potential relative Δοκίμους Υπαστυνόμους που θα σας διαδεχθούν καιofθαland διαφυλάξουν potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to παραδόσεις της.

The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Με την επιτυχή περάτωση των σπουδών σας, ξεκινάτε μία νέα the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof πορεία στη ζωή σας. Στη αυτή διαδρομή, θαthere κληθείτε ναold υπηρετήσετε London, upgrade them, stayνέα themselves sometimes and thus residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. το Θεσμό της “squeezed”. Αστυνομίας, αναπόσπαστο πυλώνα του Δημοκρατικού being indirectly A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth πολιτεύματος, αλλά απαραίτητο συστατικό κάθεof ευνομούμενης A description ofperiod, thisκαι phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major κοινωνίας.

GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Σχολή, σας και διαμόρφωσε τις προσωπικότητές cities inΗWestern countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issueεκπαίδευσε has several scholars and for its more σας, μέσα σ’ ένα περιβάλλον που αφενός μεν εξασφάλισε την ενσυνείδητη Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various πειθαρχία, αφετέρου δε, γέννησεofτα απαραίτηταthe ακαδημαϊκά interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, following: ερεθίσματα, interpretations the phenomenon the following: με τηaφροντίδα ικανών καθηγητών έμπειρων Αξιωματικών. Μεgroups αυτό In sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, aκαι trend of a new category of social τον τρόπο, ανοίξαμε ένα μικρό αλλά σημαντικό μονοπάτι προς την to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the υπηρεσιακή σας from επιτυχία και καταξίωση. term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Δική σας υποχρέωση πλέον, είναι να το κάνετε πλατύ δρόμο, μέσω Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, entertainment the heart of the city”, (possibly)for του θαeducation, πορευθείτε θα“at αξιοποιήσετε τα movements κτηθέντα Youth οποίου Unemployment.

The same year sheκαι left Germany and after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying  her work are characterized byΞιφών a passion forτου justice.

See also: COLLINS ENGLISHΔημοκρατίας DICTIONARY. Τελετή παράδοσης υπό κ. Προέδρου τηςpart Ελληνικής and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Καθηγητού Πρ. ΠΑΥΛΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 252191 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

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επαγγελματικά, πνευματικά και ηθικά εφόδια, προς όφελος του Ελληνικού λαού. Το εκπαιδευτικό πρόγραμμα είχε σκοπό να καλύψει τις μετέπειτα υπηρεσιακές ανάγκες της Ελληνικής Αστυνομίας, τις προσδοκίες σας αλλά και τις απαιτήσεις του κοινωνικού συνόλου. Καθ’ όλη τη διάρκεια των σπουδών, η πολιτική και η φυσική ηγεσία του Σώματος, η διοίκηση By της οι καθηγητές και όλοι οι Mr.Σχολής, George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS εμπλεκόμενοι, εργάστηκαν με ιδιαίτερη για την εκπόνηση και Harvard University, επιμέλεια, Graduate School of Design, Student, George-Sp.και C. ATHANASSOPOULOS την υλοποίηση ενός άρτιου,By Mr. σύγχρονου αποτελεσματικού Architect Student of the of Architecture προγράμματος σπουδών, ενός προγράμματος πουSchool συνδυάζει την Technical University of Crete ακαδημαϊκή κατάρτιση, τον επαγγελματισμό και τον σεβασμό προς τις αρχές της δημοκρατίας.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Ως αποτέλεσμα, κατάDefining το τρέχον εκπαιδευτικό θεσμοθετήθηκε 1.

Introductory the concept (444 έτος, ANTISTHENIS,approach: the ancient Greek philosopher, BCου- 370 BC, Athens), ου ου και 4 -“principle”: Εκπαιδευτικών η δυνατότητα των εκπαιδευομένων των 2 , 3 (444 ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Τμημάτων, εξέρχονται, ναleft διαμένουν και να content σιτίζονται εκτός της among other wise heritage us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition ofνα knowledge startshe with the of the concepts. Σχολής, το πέρας της πρωινής ζώνης Με ρύθμιση acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of τη concepts.

Based,μετά therefore, on this “principle” a first,εκπαίδευσης. if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, onη this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the term αυτή, επιτυγχάνεται σφαιρική επιστημονική κατάρτιση Δοκίμων gentrification) is the area ofτων Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Υπαστυνόμων, και προώθηση μιας εκπαιδευτικής διαδικασίας, κατά την Sociology as well), as η the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, removal fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe the placement οποία ο Αξιωματικός, δεν θα είναι αποκομμένος από τα τεκταινόμενα στην ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of σύγχρονη ελληνική κοινωνία. Παράλληλα, επαινείται η συμμετοχή σε the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land (and theof πλήθος συμπληρωματικών, επιστημονικών και prices αθλητικών whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative δραστηριοτήτων και δίνεται η δυνατότητα πρόσβασης σε άλλους potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK inτων earlyγνώσεων.

1960s and it refers to εκπαιδευτικούς φορείς, για περαιτέρω διεύρυνση The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property Η observed παρεχόμενη εκπαίδευση, ακολουθώντας τιςininpoor ολοένα καιof the then trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents are αυξανόμενες απαιτήσεις τις συνεχείς κοινωνικές σε κάθε London, upgrade them, stayκαι themselves sometimes there andζυμώσεις thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. επίπεδο, απελευθερώνει από στερεότυπα και προκαταλήψεις και διδάσκει being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth πρωτίστως σεβασμό στονsimilar άνθρωπο, ανεξαρτήτως καταγωγής και A description of this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at theτον same period, while in other major κοινωνικής θέσης.

GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more Νέοι Αξιωματικοί, comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Σας συγχαίρω, για την επιτυχή ολοκλήρωση των σπουδών σας και interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the the following: In aπροτρέπω, sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a ευθυκρισία trend of a new category of social groups σας με phenomenon ταπεινότητα, και συναίσθηση του to “return” to the leaving the purlieus forποτέ several reasons: high costs σας in money καθήκοντος, ναcity, μην παραμελήσετε την υποχρέωσή για and time to travel the purlieus to downtown, work πίστη place is,σε lackυψηλά of the προσφορά στονfrom πολίτη και την κοινωνία. where Να έχετε 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed outside town centres, ιδανικά, και να εργάζεστε μεresidencies προσήλωση και1912-1940. αυταπάρνηση, τιμώντας το Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) λειτούργημά σας.education, Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” private car access markets, studies and Geneva, London and Neweasier York she came back to London, where Απόresearch σήμερα μια Prague, νέα from σελίδα ανοίγει στη ζωή to σας. Να etc. είστε in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and αισιόδοξοι, αλλάof και προσγειωμένοι και να γνωρίζετε ότιHerαποτελείτε το University informal College London, where she continued her social research. public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her workτου are characterized by a passion for justice.

See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. μέλλον Σώματος, εντός του οποίου σας εύχομαι να διαγράψετε τη δική and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: σας επιτυχημένη πορεία.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Το θάρρος, η πειθαρχία, η εργατικότητα και ο υπηρεσιακός ζήλος θα σας καταστήσουν όχι μόνο παράδειγμα προς μίμηση για τους λοιπούς συναδέλφους σας, αλλά και πρότυπο για τους πολίτες. Μόνο έτσι θα διασφαλιστεί η εμπιστοσύνη, το κύρος και η αξιοπρέπεια του Σώματος της Ελληνικής Αστυνομίας έναντι του κοινωνικού συνόλου. Κατά την εφαρμογή των νόμων, να έχετε ως γνώμονα την δικαιοσύνη, την ισονομία αλλά καιBy τοMr. μέτρο και τηνC. επιείκεια. Πορευθείτε George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS με βάση τις αρχές και τις αξίες University, που λάβατε τόσο από τιςofοικογένειές σας, Harvard Graduate School Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS όσο και από τη Σχολή μας.

Architect Student of the of Architecture Να γίνει κτήμα σας, το ότι στο πρόσωπό σας, δενSchool συγκεντρώνονται Technical University of Crete οι κρατικές εξουσίες, αλλά είστε οι ίδιοι υπηρέτες των Νόμων, υπερασπιστές τηςapproach: ζωής και των άλλων θεμελιωδών δικαιωμάτων των 1. Introductory Defining the concept πολιτών, που απειλούνται από ποικίλες μορφές του 1. Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444του BC - κοινού 370 BC, και Athens), οργανωμένου εγκλήματος. Διαχειριστείτε την εξουσία που-“principle”: σαςBC, παρέχει η ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the πολιτεία με σύνεση και αντικειμενικότητα, κατ’ εφαρμογή πάντα των among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the αρχών τηςtherefore, νομιμότητας και της αναλογικότητας. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, this “principle” inindicated aμε first, if (in notthe final, approach, the και term Εκτελέστε ταon καθήκοντά σας αμεροληψία, διαφάνεια gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification αυτοκυριαρχία. ΗasΕλληνική Πολιτεία επένδυσε εσάς from και είμαι σίγουρος Sociology as well), the “refining” of a city area, theσε removal this, (in various Sociology as well), the “refining” of a city area, the fromthere this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and theremoval placement artists, ότι αντίστοιχα θαasφανείτε αντάξιοι των προσδοκιών όλων μαςof και θα ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of το artαστυνομικό galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of αναβαθμίσετε λειτούργημα. the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Νέοι Υπαστυνόμοι potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found first inπροτρέπω the UK in early and it refers to Σας συμβουλεύω και atσας να 1960s συνεχίσετε την The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor επιμορφωτική σας trend προσπάθεια, ανανεώνοντας καιproperty επικαιροποιώντας τις the then observed wealthy people to there buy in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof γνώσεις και τα προσόντα σας, προς sometimes όφελος δικό των old συναδέλφων London, upgrade them, stay themselves thereσας, and thus residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. σας και της ελληνικής κοινωνίας. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Να αγαπάτε Ελληνική και ναofγνωρίζετε ότι A description ofperiod, thisτην phenomenon is Αστυνομία, included inwere the work Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations recorded in other major οποιαδήποτε ενέργειά σας, θετική ή αρνητική, όχι μόνο αντανακλά τη δική GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied otherκαι Researchers. σας ποιότητα, χαρακτηρίζει το σύνολο Σώματος.

Since then, αλλά the issue has severalτου scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Να σέβεστε, και να are εκτελείτε επακριβώς τις εντολές των ανωτέρω comprehensive approach being summarized below, from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various σας. Να εμπνέετε υφισταμένους σας για πρόθυμη και απαρέγκλιτη interpretations of theτους phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, aκαι trendπρωτίστως of a new εκτέλεση των καθηκόντων τους με of τοsocial δικόgroups σας to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money παράδειγμα διδάξτε τους την ενσυνείδητη πειθαρχία, και καθοδηγήστε and to travelκαι from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the τουςtime με σύνεση κατανόηση. termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the outside town centres, Τιμείστε τη distributed στολή και residencies την αποστολή σας, με μοναδικό οδηγό σας το Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart ofτην the αποστολή city”,movements (possibly) Σύνταγμα και τους Νόμους Κράτους. Εκπληρώστε σας,for Youth Unemployment.

The same του year she left Germany and after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car access markets, etc.την studies andστους research in Geneva, London and Neweasier York she came to back to London, where δίνοντας δικούς σαςPrague, ανθρώπους, τους γονείς σας, τη χαρά και in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and ικανοποίηση ότιofοιLondon, αγώνες τους για τη διαπαιδαγώγησή σας, University informal College where she continued her social research.

Herδικαιώνονται public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying herτη work are characterized by aκαι passion justice. See also: ENGLISH DICTIONARY. με δική σαςestate, επιτυχία την for αξιοποίηση τωνCOLLINS εφοδίων που αυτοί σας and selling realCOLLINS etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: παρείχαν.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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A¶.TO¶.

TO¶.AYT. AYT.¶EP. ¶EP.AN. AN./ R.DEC. / R.DEC.ADM. ADM.LOC. LOC.DEV. DEV.REG. REG./ R. / R.DEC. DEC.LOC. LOC.GOV. GOV.REG. REG.DEV. DEV. E¶.

GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Νέοι Αξιωματικοί Concerns Σε λίγο θα έχετε την ξεχωριστή τιμή να παραλάβετε το ξίφος σας,

94

σύμβολο τιμής και γενναιότητας, από τα χέρια του πρώτου πολίτη της χώρας, του Προέδρου της Ελληνικής Δημοκρατίας. έχετε κατά νου, ότι

By Mr. George-Sp.Να C. ATHANASOPOULOS το ξίφος αυτό δε συμβολίζει δίκαιο του ισχυρού, αλλά την ισχύ του Harvardτο University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS δικαίου.

Architect Student of the School Architecture Κλείνοντας εδώ, με τη σιγουριά ότι η πολιτεία και ηofΣχολή μας Technical University of Crete έπραξαν στο ακέραιο το καθήκον τους, σας προτρέπω να χρησιμοποιήσετε τα πνευματικά τα οποία λάβατε, ώστε να 1. Introductory approach: Definingεφόδια the concept αποκομίζετε καθημερινά το αίσθημα της ανταμοιβής, ως- αποτέλεσμα της 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, 370 BC, Athens), προσφοράς κοινωνικό σύνολο.

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among otherσας wiseστο heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the Με την πεποίθηση ότι θα ανταποκριθείτε απόλυτα among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts.στις προσδοκίες Σώματος τηςwith Ελληνικής Αστυνομίας, της κοινωνίας και acquisition ofτου knowledge starts theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and therefore, on this “principle” inκαι a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the σας term της Based, Πολιτείας, με τη βοήθεια του Θεούis τις δικές σας προσπάθειες, urban gentrification) indicated area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification εύχομαι ολόψυχα καθεμίαofκαι στον κάθε ένα χωριστά, υγεία, καλή Sociology as well), asστην the “refining” a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), the “refining” of a city area, removal fromthere this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement artists, σταδιοδρομία και asεπιτυχία στο δύσκολο καιthe επίπονο έργο σας of και σας ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of καλώ να αναφωνήσετε: the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof ΖΗΤΩ ΤΟ ΕΘΝΟΣ, whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative ΖΗΤΩ Η ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΗ ΑΣΤΥΝΟΜΙΑ. potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Εξοχότατε Κύριε Πρόεδρε τηςpeople Ελληνικής Δημοκρατίας the then observed trend wealthy to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof Σας ευχαριστώ γιαsometimes την παρουσία σας old στη Σχολή London, upgrade them, stayθερμά themselves there and thus residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Αξιωματικών Ελληνικής Αστυνομίας. Με την παρουσία σας εδώ σήμερα, being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth όχι μόνο ύψιστο τιμητικό χαρακτήρα στην τελετή αλλά A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS atπροσδίδετε the same while similar recorded in αυτή, other major και αποδεικνύετε την ιδιαίτερη φροντίδα και το ενδιαφέρον της Ελληνικής GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Πολιτείας, για τα μελλοντικά στελέχη της several Ελληνικής Αστυνομίας.

Since then, the issue has scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andΑξιωματικοί for various its more Ως Διοικητής της Σχολής, σαςsummarized διαβεβαιώ below, ότι οι νέοι comprehensive approach are being from the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various έχουν λάβει ofταtheβέλτιστα επιστημονικά εφόδια, έχουν εκπαιδευτεί interpretations phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trend of aπαιδείας new social groups σύμφωνα μεtheτις αρχές τηςis ανθρωπιστικής και ofτης χρηστής to “return” toενώ, the city, leaving the purlieus several reasons: high costs money διοίκησης, έχοντας συλλάβει τα for απαιτητικά μηνύματα των in καιρών, and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work is, lack of the εμφορούνται από πλήρη και ακέραια συναίσθηση τουplace καθήκοντος, το 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, οποίο οφείλουν να επιτελέσουν μετά την έξοδό τους από τη Σχολή.

Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Εξοχότατε Κύριε Πρόεδρε in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and ΜεCollege την άδειά σας,where σας she παρουσιάζω τους 171 νέουςHer Υπαστυνόμους University of London, continued her social research. public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying work are characterized a passion justice.

See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Β΄herτης τάξης του 2012 by - for 2016 καιforσας παρακαλώ όπως τους επιδώσετε τα and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ξίφη.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

2521 11

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A¶.TO¶.

TO¶.AYT. AYT.¶EP. ¶EP.AN. AN./ R.DEC. / R.DEC.ADM. ADM.LOC. LOC.DEV. DEV.REG. REG./ R. / R.DEC. DEC.LOC. LOC.GOV. GOV.REG. REG.DEV. DEV. E¶.

Σύγχρονοι GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types Ποιητές of Intervention, Μιχάλης Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns ofΠΕΡΑΝΤΩΝΗΣ Gentrification Γεννήθηκε και μεγάλωσε στην Κρήτη. Σπούδασε Παιδαγωγικά, Concerns

Οικονομικές Επιστήμες και Σκηνοθεσία. Εργάστηκε στο Κολλέγιο Ψυχικού και παράλληλα για πολλά

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS χρόνια ήταν υπεύθυνος θεάτρου και εξέδιδε σχολική εφημερίδα Harvard University, Graduate τη School of Design, Student, “Τικ-Τακ” και μετέπειτα το περιοδικό “Κόκορας”.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of theαρκετές School ofθεατρικές Architecture Στο Θέατρο του Κολλεγίου Αθηνών ανέβασε Technical“Ειρήνη”, University of“Δύο Crete παραστάσεις (“Φανταστικός πατέρας”, “Ορνιθες”, απέναντι μπαλκόνια” και άλλες).

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Ακόμα έγραψε ένα θεατρικό με (444 τίτλο Πνεύμα 1.

Introductory approach: theέργο concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BC “Αρχαίο - 370 BC, Athens), Αθάνατο”, όπου πρωταγωνίστησαν ο Δημήτρης Πιατάς και η Νανά ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the among other wise heritage he left us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the Δόγκα. Παίχτηκε τη starts χρονιά των Ολυμπιακών σε πολλούς acquisition of knowledge with the of the Αγώνων content concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Δήμους Αττικής, Ιόνια Νησιά και στοifΘέατρο Περοκέ.

Based,της therefore, onστα this “principle” a first, not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, onοthis “principle” inindicated a first, ifασχολείται notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification Κυρίως, όμως, Μιχάλης Περαντώνης με την ποίηση.

1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Εχει εκδώσει ποιητικά: Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), ofΗρθε, social groups, of low-income andthe theremoval placement Είδε καιusually Απήλθε, Εκδόσεις Κριτίριο, Αθήνα 1972. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Καλέμα, Εκδόσεις Σκαραβαίος, Αθήνα 1976. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof Στις Κόκκινες Λίμνες, Εκδόσεις Σοκκόλη, Αθήνα 1984. whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). Το γάλα της αμάλθειας, Εστία, 1986.and it refers to The term gentrification is found Εκδόσεις at first in the UK inΑθήνα early 1960s TheΝησί term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor των Κέδρων, Εκδόσεις Εστία, Αθήνα 1996.1960s the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof Στο γαλάζιο, Εκδόσεις Εστία, Αθήνα 1995.

London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Μετάπολις, Εκδόσεις Παρασκήνιο, Αθήνα 2001. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Μίκης, Εκδόσεις Παρασκήνιο, Αθήνα 2005.

A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Το ποίημα γιαissue τον has Μίκη Θεοδωράκηseveral διαβάστηκε τον Since then, the preoccupied scholarsαπό andτον for ίδιο its more Since then, the issue several scholars and for various its more ποιητή στις γιορτές που has έγιναν το 2005 στα Χανιά για τα 80 the χρόνια του comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, following: μεγάλου μαςofσυνθέτη. Ενα ποίημά του μεthe τίτλο “Μακεδονία” σε interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups μουσική Δημήτρη Μικακάκη, παρουσιάστηκε στην Ελληνοαμερικανική to “return” toτη theδιεύθυνση city, leavingτου the purlieus several reasons: high costs in money Ενωση υπό Θοδωρήfor Αντωνίου. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Παιδικά Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Από τηνof, εικόνα στο Λόγο, Εκδόσεις Πατάκη. lower living cost “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943Από she published studies regarding planning. Κολλεγίο In 1950 sheto became teacher in the την εικόνα στο Λόγο the Β’,cityΕκδόσεις Αθηνών. to another approach, phenomenon is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Η διήγηση στην έκθεση των παιδικών, Εκδόσεις Κολλέγιο her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Αθηνών.

G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Εισαγωγή στην έκθεση ιδεών, Εκδόσεις Κολλέγιο Αθηνών.

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Πεζά

GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, Types ofΠαρασκήνιο intervention, Concerns ofΕκδόσεις Gentrification Η θυγατέρα του γυαλού, 2002.

Concerns Το ποιητικό του έργο έχει παρουσιαστεί σε διάφορες Αθηναϊκές

Αίθουσες κατά καιρούς. Έχει βραβευτεί από το Σύλλογο Ελλήνων Mr. George-Sp. C.- ATHANASOPOULOS Λογοτεχνών, από το ΣύλλογοBy Επιστημόνων Λογοτεχνών και Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Φιλότεχνων Αθηνών και από το Σύλλογο Κρητών Λογοτεχνών.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Υπό έκδοση είναι οι ποιητικές συλλογές: Student of the School of Architecture Το τραγούδι του νερού.

Technical University of Crete Το παιγνίδι.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Πικρός Καφές.

1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancientDefining Greek philosopher, Πορφυρά. the ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the Ολιγόλεπτα. among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Δέκα το“principle” Σωκράτη. acquisition ofσονέτα knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, onγια this a first, if of not final, approach, the term

1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Ενδεικτική παράθεση ποιημάτων Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of ΠΟΙΗΜΑ ΑΠΟ ΤΗ ΣΥΛΛΟΓΗ “ΤΟ ΓΑΛΑ ΤΗΣ ΑΜΑΛΘΕΙΑΣ” the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof (Βρισκόμαστε σε ένα διαμέρισμα στην Ο land άντρας, 36(and ετών, whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results alsoΑθήνα. rising of prices the potential relative μιλά στη γυναίκα του): potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof “Θέλω να ξεφύγω για λίγο απόψε!

London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Σε παρακαλώ, being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this included in the work of Sociologist Ruth κατέβα κάτω, στοphenomenon ανθοπωλείοisτης γωνιάς, A ν’αγοράσεις description ofτα this phenomenon included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar in other major λουλούδια. Ολαisταsituations λουλούδια!

GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities inΤριαντάφυλλα, Western countries, by otherορχιδέες, Researchers. πανσέδες, νούφαρα, cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more όλα τα λουλούδια!

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized Δεν πειράζει αν ζουν κι αυτά με ασπιρίνες. below, from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations ofπού the phenomenon gentrification, thebelow, following: Εξ άλλου, να βρεις εδώofφρέσκα λουλούδια. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In aΠάρε sense,χρήματα theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups από το συρτάρι to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money σε παρακαλώ, and time to travel the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the κατέβα στοfrom ανθοπωλείο The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, και φέρε μου όλα τα λουλούδια.

Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of αντέχω health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) άλλο, YouthΔεν Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, αυτό το τσιμέντο στους τοίχους, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and δεν College την μπόρω την where πέτραshe του εργοστασίου.

University informal of London, continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Δε are θαcharacterized τα βάλω σεbyανθοδοχεία, her work a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, στους etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: θα τα φυτέψω τοίχους, G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in orderοιAbstract. toπέτρες achieve “assisted”, (actually να λουλουδιάσουνε τηςthe ψυχής μου. “voluntary”,

96

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Θέλω ναConcerns ξεφύγω για λίγο απόψε!

Θα πάρω τη γριά μου την κιθάρα, ας έχουν οι χορδές της σκουριάσει.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Και οι γριές καμιά φορά τραγουδούνε.

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Δε με νοιάζει,By ανMr. ταυτίζεις τον ήχο της George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect με τους θορύβους τωνStudent αυτοκινήτων. of the School of Architecture University of Crete Τι κι αν τα δάχτυλά μου είναι Technical σκεβρωμένα. Δε θα σταθώ στην ποιότητα του ήχου.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Φωνή να βγάλει the μόνο η κιθάρα.

1. Introductory approach: Defining concept ANTISTHENIS, theΟχι! ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Οχι!

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the Μη βάζεις δίσκο στο πικ-απ! among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the σεthe κατάσταση acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, onΒρίσκομαι this “principle” indefinition a first, ifπολιορκίας! not final, approach, the term 1 Φωνή κιθάρας, θέλω μονάχα ναthe βγάλω.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification καθίσωof και στην ψάθινη καρέκλα.

Sociology as well), as theΘα “refining” a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” a city area, removal fromthere this, of (inartists, various Θυμάσαι; γι’of αυτό δεν τηνthe είχα αγοράσει; ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, However “change”, regardless of Θα αναστήσω ταetc. όνειρά μας this τα θαμμένα. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences results alsoχώρεσε rising of landόνειρα! prices (and theof Αλήθεια!has, ποιός λάκκος, τόσα whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Θέλω να ξεφύγω για λίγο απόψε! potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UKαπόψε! in early 1960s and it refers to Θέλω να ξεφύγω λίγο The term gentrification found atpeople firstγια in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Α! ξέχασα! the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof κλείσουμε την τηλεόραση.

London, upgrade them,Θα stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ξενοδοχείο, γίνηκε being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of thisΔιόδια, phenomenon is included in το theσπίτι workμας of Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon is included in the work Sociologist Ruth με τους ακάλεστους, που φέρνει κάθεofβράδυ.

GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Θα by σπάσω και το κρύσταλλο, cities in Western countries, other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue several scholars and for its more δε has θέλω τη θαμπάδα του Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from να συναντιούνται οι ματιές μας. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Θέλω να ξεφυγώ για λίγο απόψε! interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, a έξω trendστη of aβεράντα, new of social groups Μετά θαis βγούμε to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money να δούμε το φεγγάρι. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Ξέρω, termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: θα πεις, το σβήσανε οι τσιμεντένιοι όγκοι, services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for όμως,Prague, εγώ επιμένω, lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the το φεγγάρι! κάπου θα φέγγει to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Θέλω να ξεφύγω για πάντα απόψε! her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in Θέλω ναCoψάξω για το2009. φεγγάρι!”

10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 252197 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Φυλλορροή, Concerns

ΠΟΙΗΜΑ ΑΠΟ ΤΗ ΣΥΛΛΟΓΗ “ΤΟ ΤΡΑΓΟΥΔΙ ΤΟΥ ΝΕΡΟΥ” ΑΝΟΙΞΗ

98

Ανθορροή,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS μες’ στο σγουρό αέρα, Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, πνίξε με ηδονομέλισσο,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect στον κήπο του υπέρου, Student of the School of Architecture ύπερε, βρέξε ωάρια, Technical University of Crete ρίξε μια καταιγίδα, μιαν ανοιξιάτικη βροχήDefining the concept 1. Introductory approach: 1.

Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), στα ρόδα μυρωμένη ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, να γεννηθούνε όνειρα πυρόξανθα, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the σταφύλια δακρυσμένα. among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification Ρέεις!…1 gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various Ποταμός!…

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways),Ανοιξη!… of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of socialart groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of Γαμήλιοofδέντρο!… the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the Χείλος, αγριολούλουδο, whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). φονικό. Αγκάθι επαναστατημένο potential relative speculation).

TheΚόκκινο term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to τέμπο το σώμα σου, The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor μήτρα του Μάη. the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. Ροή!

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofστον this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth Μικροστιγμή ποταμό του χρόνου.

GLASS at the same period, while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major του απέραντου cities inΡοή Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. στις χέρσες εκτάσεις.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more Νερά καθαρά, δροσερά comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various στο ρυάκιofκελαρύζουν, interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: στον ποταμό In aχάνονται sense, theμες phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups συλλαβιστές στιγμούλες. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Στιγμή!… and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in Στιγμή!… sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Φιλί - Φιλί in Geneva, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and οικείς το ομοίωμά σου.

University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Ξέπλεκτα τα μαλλιά and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: το βλέμμα στο απέραντο, G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually καιόμενο άστρο,

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ελαφίνα καλπάζουσα GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, θρυμματίζει τα όρια, γυναίκαTypes των ανέμων, Definition, of intervention, Concerns ofπέντε Gentrification Όμορφα Concerns που’ναι, να τραγουδάς ελεύθερα.

Η φούστα σου σημαία στον μπλε άνεμο,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS χορδές στο βιολί του αέρα, Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, το έφηβο σώμα,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect πυρκαγιά στον ορίζοντα, Student of the School of Architecture κορίτσι των πέντε ανέμων, Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining theνα concept Όμορφα που’ναι, τραγουδάς ελεύθερα.

1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept έγχρωμη σκιάphilosopher, σου ANTISTHENIS, theΗancient Greek (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), φωτίζει σκοτάδι, among other wise heritage heτο left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: φωτεινότερη από τ’άστρα. acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification Η this φούστα σου is 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as theφωνάζοντας “refining” of ΕΓΩ, a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” ofπληθυντικό, a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of τον low-income andthe theremoval placement ακυρώνει ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, etc. However this “change”, regardless of είναι restaurants, το λάβαρο του μονοθεϊσμού, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences results also rising of land prices (and theof διαφανέςhas, ένδυμα whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative χιλίων ήλιων. potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to the then observed trend ofiswealthy Χορευτικό ροδόνερο to buy property in poor areas of the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof ροής αστείρευτης, London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ανεμοπαραθύρι φτερώνει το κορμί σου, being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of thisτζιτζίκια phenomenon is included in theστήθη work of Sociologist Ruth του καλοκαιριού στα σου.

A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Κίνηση θαυμαστική!

GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other θέληση στο Researchers. πέλμα, cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has severalβότσαλα, scholars and for its more αντανάκλαση στα παράλια Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from χορεύουν τα ποτάμια σου comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: γύρω από τ΄άγριο κάστανο, interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueηλιορρέουν, togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups σταλακτίκες to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus το αχνίζον σώμα for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus downtown, where work place is, lack of the επιφώνημα to δίψας, termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, οι first πυρωμένες Berlin, where she made her studies. Inχορδές 1932 sheσου published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) καίνε τόξα αέρηδων.

Youth Unemployment. The sameτα year she των left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Χαίρε τηςshe γυναίκας ταher ύδατα, University informal College of London, where continued social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterizedΧαίρε by a passion for justice.

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Definition, Types of Intervention, Σχόλιο επίGENTRIFICATION της αρ.

47/2015 Γνωμοδότησης τηςConcerns Α' Τακτικής του Ν.Σ.Κ.

Definition, Types of intervention, ofΟλομέλειας Gentrification

Concerns Της κυρίας Βαρβ. ΒΕΛΗ

Υποψ. Διδ., MSc, B.A.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS

Σύμφωνα με την 47/2015 ομόφωνη Graduate Γνωμοδότηση της Α' Τακτικής Harvard University, School of Design, Student, Ολομέλειας του Νομικού Συμβουλίου του Κράτους, που έγινε δεκτή από τον

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School ofαλιευτικών Architecture Αναπληρωτή Υπουργό Οικονομικών, το εισόδημα από αλιεύματα University Crete σκαφών, ολικής χωρητικότητας μέχρι 10 κόρους, Technical φορολογείται βάσειof των περί φορολογίας πλοίων διατάξεων του ν. 27/1975 και όχι ως εισόδημα από 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept γεωργική επιχείρηση, κατά τις διατάξεις των άρθρων 40 και 42 του ν.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), 2238/1994.

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Συνεπώς το εισόδημα από αλιεύματα αλιευτικών σκαφών ολικής among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. χωρητικότητας μέχρι 10 κόρους φορολογείται βάσει των διατάξεων του ν. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term 27/1975 και1 ειδικότερα με βάση τις διατάξεις του άρθρου 12 του νόμου Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area Planning) gentrification αυτού, (Φορολογία πλοίων δεύτερης κατηγορίας) όχιofof με βάσει (or τις 1 (and urban gentrification gentrification) isarea, indicated (inκαι thefrom area Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal this, (in various διατάξεις των άρθρων 40“refining” και 42 του ν.city 2238/1994 (παλαιού ΚΦΕ) οι οποίες Sociology as well), as the of a area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ίσχυαν μέχρι 31.12.2013. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of Mε το υπ' αριθ. πρωτ. 1031860/15030/Γ0012/10-1-2008 έγγραφο του the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof Υπουργείου Οικονομικών (Γενικήhas, Γραμματεία Φορολογικών καιprices Τελωνειακών whatever other consequences results also rising of land (and the potential relative speculation). Θεμάτων/Γενική Διεύθυνση Φορολογίας/Διεύθυνση Φορολογίας potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Εισοδήματος/Τμήματα τέθηκε το ερώτημα Εάν τα1960s αλιευτικά σκάφη, The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK:in early and itareas refersofto the then observed trendΓ',ofΑ'), to buy property in poor ολικής χωρητικότητας μέχρι δέκα (10) κόρων, θεωρούνται πλοία, σύμφωνα the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof με τις indirectly διατάξεις της παρ.stay 3 του άρθρου 1sometimes του ν.27/1975 και thus φορολογούνται London, upgrade them, themselves there and old residentsμε are being “squeezed”. βάση τις διατάξεις του νόμου αυτού-ή εάν τα εν λόγω σκάφη δεν θεωρούνται being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth πλοία σύμφωνα με τις διατάξεις του is Κ.Ι.Ν.Δ., καιinwere φορολογούνται βάση τις A ,description ofperiod, this phenomenon included the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations in με other major διατάξεις του όρθρου 42 του ν.

2238/1994.

GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Σχετικά με the το παραπάνω ερώτημα εκδόθηκε η υπ΄ and αριθ.for286/2011 cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, issue has several scholars its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its γνωμοδότηση του Α΄Τμήματος του Νομικού Συμβουλίου του Κράτους, μεmore την comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various οποία έγινε ομόφωνα δεκτό ότιofτο εισόδημα από αλιεύματα αλιευτικών interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon of the following: σκαφών, ολικής χωρητικότητας μέχρι 10 κόρους, φορολογείται βάσει των In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new category of social groups περί φορολογίας πλοίων διατάξεων του ν.27/1975 και όχι ως εισόδημα από to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money γεωργική τις διατάξεις του όρθρου του ν.2238/1994. Η and time toεπιχείρηση, travel from κατά the purlieus to downtown, where 40 work place is, lack of the 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS was born γνωμοδότηση αυτή δεν έγινε αποδεκτή από τον Γενικό Γραμματέα sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, searchΔημοσίων for betterin Berlin, where she made her first studies.

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In 1950 sheto became teacher in the toΝομικού another approach, the phenomenon due a systematic and Ολομέλεια Συμβουλίου του Κράτους, ηisοποία γνωμοδότησε ως University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying ακολούθως: her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Ι. Με το έγγραφο του ερωτήματος (που επικαιροποιήθηκε με το υπ'αριθμ. πρωτ. Δ12Γ 1049286ΕΞ2011Δ12/Γ/29-3-2011 έγγραφο της ίδιας Διεύθυνσης -Τμήμα Γ') η ερωτώσα Υπηρεσία εκθέτει ότι με την με αριθμ.

1043731/986/ΠΟΛ 1120/Α0012/9-4-1996 υπουργική απόφαση, που εκδόθηκε κατ1 εξουσιοδότηση του άρθρου 42 του ν. 2238/1994, θεωρήθηκε ως γεωργικό το εισόδημα από αλιεύματα αλιευτικών σκαφών και τρατών, ολικής χωρητικότητας μέχρι 10 κόρους, και καθορίστηκε -το πρώτον- καθαρό

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS εισόδημα ανά κόρο των σκαφών αυτών, ως μη υπαγομένων στις διατάξεις Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, περί φορολογίας πλοίων, σύμφωναBy μεMr. τις George-Sp. σχετικές διατάξεις του ν. 27/1975, C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect και τούτο, παρόλο που, με την με αριθμ. 32/1975 εγκύκλιο τουof Υπουργού Student of the School Architecture Οικονομικών, είχε διευκρινιστεί ότι, σύμφωνα μεTechnical την παράγραφο του University 3 of Crete άρθρου 1 του ν. 27/1975, στις ρυθμίσεις του νόμου αυτού, ως ειδικότερες, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept περιλαμβάνονται και τα πλοιάρια, εφόσον ειδικώς δεν ορίζεται άλλως, 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept επομένως και τα σκάφη χωρητικότητας μέχρι δέκα οποία, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444(10) BC -κόρων, 370 BC,ταAthens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other heritage he left us, he a 3816/1958 great the σύμφωνα με wise τη διάταξη του άρθρου 1established του νόμου «Κώδικας among other wise heritage left us,definition he established a great the acquisition of knowledge startshe with the of the content of“principle”: concepts. της Ιδιωτικού Ναυτικού Δικαίου», δεν θεωρούνται πλοία. Αποτέλεσμα acquisition of knowledge starts withυπάρχει theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term κατάστασης αυτήςon this είναι να σύγχυση και ανομοιόμορφη 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification αντιμετώπιση του θέματος από τις Δημόσιες Οικονομικές Υπηρεσίες καιthe ωςterm εκ 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various τούτου τέθηκε το παραπάνω ερώτημα.

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, theΙΙ. operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of ΚΡΙΣΙΜΕΣ ΔΙΑΤΑΞΕΙΣ the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the 1. Στο ν. 27/1975 «Περί φορολογίας πλοίων, επιβολής εισφοράς προςof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative ανάπτυξιν της εμπορικής ναυτιλίας, εγκαταστάσεως αλλοδαπών ναυτιλιακών potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in theθεμάτων» UK in early(ΦΕΚ 1960s and refers to ^επιχειρήσεων και ρυθμίσεως συναφών Α' it77) και, The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor ειδικότερα, στα άρθρα 1, 2 , 3, 12 και 17 αυτού, ορίζονται τα εξής: the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof «Άρθρο 1: London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”.

«1. indirectly Επιβάλλεται κατά τας διατάξεις του παρόντος νόμου φόρος και being “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included work of Sociologist Ruth εισφορά επί των υπό ελληνικήν σημαίαν πλοίων.ininthe A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar were in other major 2. Διόatτους σκοπούς του παρόντος νόμου τα πλοία λογίζονται υπό GLASS the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. ελληνικήν σημαίαν, από της νηολογήσεως των εις ελληνικόν λιμένα ή της cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more εγγραφής των the εις issue Προξενικά Λιμεναρχεία τηρούμενα νηολόγια ή more της Since then, has several scholars andthe for various its comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from εκδόσεως προσωρινού εγγράφου ελληνικής εθνικότητος αυτών, μέχρι του comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: χρόνου καθ*the ονof λαμβάνει χώραν την διαγραφήν του εκ του interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, phenomenon is dueτο togentrification, aεπιβάλλον trend of a new of social groups νηολογίου γεγονός. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Ο to όρος πλοίον περιλαμβάνει και τα πλοιάρια, εφ’ όσον ειδικώς and3.time travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack ofδεν the ορίζεται άλλως».

1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin, where her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Άρθρο : she made services of2health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for «1. Ο κατά τας διατάξεις του παρόντος νόμου επιβαλλόμενος φόρος lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, εξαντλεί πόσον του πλοιοκτήτου, ωςInκαι ή εταίρου in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

1950 sheμετόχου teacher in the to υποχρέωσιν another approach, the is του due tobecame a systematic and University informal College of London, where she οιουδήποτε continued her social research.

Her public and ημεδαπής ή αλλοδαπής τύπου εκ φόρου εισοδήματος, long-term effortεταιρείας by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. καθ' όσον αφορά εις etc., τα κέρδη, τα οποία προκύπτουν τηςof εκμεταλλεύσεως and selling real estate, for theCo depreciation initially ofεκ part the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: πλοίων.2...3. Εις ην περίπτωσιν ημεδαπή ή αλλοδαπή εταιρεία πλοιοκτήτρια G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

102

πλοίων υπό ελληνικήν σημαίαν, ασκεί πλήν της εκμεταλλεύσεως του πλοίου και άλλας επιχειρήσεις, απαλλάσσεται από του φόρου εισοδήματος ποσόν των καθαρών κερδών ή των μερισμάτων, ίσον προς την σχέσιν την υφισταμένην μεταξύ των εκ του πλοίου κτηθέντων ακαθαρίστων εσόδων της τοιαύτης εταιρείας». Άρθρο 3: «1. Διά την επιβολήν του φόρου και της εισφοράς, τα υποκείμενα εις

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS τούτον πλοία κατατάσσονται εις τας ακολούθους κατηγορίας: Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Α. Πρώτη κατηγορία:

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect α) Μηχανοκίνητα φορτηγά πλοία, δεξαμενόπλοια και πλοία ψυγεία Student of the School of Architecture χωρητικότητος ολικής (gross) 3.000 κόρων και άνω. Technical University of Crete β) Σιδηρά φορτηγά πλοία ξηρού και υγρού φορτίου και πλοία ψυγεία άνω 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept επεκτείνοντα τους πλόας των 500 και 3.000 κόρων ολικής χωρητικότητος 1.

Introductory approach: Defining theπλόας concept τωνANTISTHENIS, εις λιμένας εξωτερικού ή εκτελούντα μεταξύ the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 λιμένων BC - 370εξωτερικού.

BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us,τους he established a great the γ) Επιβατηγό πλοία επεκτείνοντα πλόας των(444 εις λιμένας εξωτερικού ή among other wiseμεταξύ heritage he leftεξωτερικού, us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition ofπλόας knowledge starts with the of the content concepts. the εκτελούντα λιμένων και acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

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1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Β. Δευτέρα 1κατηγορία: gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Λοιπά μηχανοκίνητα πλοία, ιστιοφόρα και πλοιάρια γενικώς».

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social Άρθρο 12: groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income thethis placement of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of (η παρ.

1 του οποίου αντικαταστάθηκε ωςand κατωτέρω με τηνthere παρ.

10artists, του the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the άρθρου 13 του ν. 2459/1997, ΦΕΚ Α '17, και ισχύει για τα εισοδήματα πουof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative αποκτώνται από την 1η Ιανουαρίου 1997και μετά): potential relative speculation).

The gentrification is foundτης at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to «1. Οterm φόρος επί των πλοίων δεύτερης κατηγορίας του άρθρου 3 του The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor παρόντος νόμου υπολογίζεται ετησίως κατά κόρον ολικής χωρητικότητας the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stayκαταβάλλεται themselves andβάση thus old residents areof (6Κ055) του πλοίου και σε δραχμές ακόλουθη London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes thereμεand thus την old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. κλίμακα: being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the σε same while similar in other major Κλιμάκιο Φορολογικός Φόρος Σύνολο Σύνολο GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western by other Researchers. κόρους ολικής countries, συντελεστής κλιμακίου Χωρητικότητας Ετήσιου cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

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WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: εξαίρεση εκείνων που απάγονται στο ν.438/1976 (ΦΕΚ 256 Α), ο G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

οφειλόμενος φόρος αμελείται και δεν ενεργείται βεβαίωση του φόρου αυτού».

2. Εξάλλου, στο άρθρο 40 του ν. 2238/1994 «Κώδικας Φορολογίας Εισοδήματος» (ΦΕΚ Α'151) και στην παράγραφο 1 αυτού, ορίζεται ότι: «1. Εισόδημα από γεωργικές επιχειρήσεις είναι το κέρδος που προκύπτει σε κάθε οικονομικό ή γεωργικό έτος, κατά περίπτωση και αποκτάται από την εκμετάλλευση μίας ή περισσοτέρων γεωργικών επιχειρήσεων κάθε είδους,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS όπως οι αγροτικές, κτηνοτροφικές, πτηνοτροφικές, μελισσοκομικές, Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, σηροτροφικές, δασικές, αλιευτικές κ.λ.π.», ενώ, με τις διατάξεις του άρθρου 42

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect του ίδιου νόμου, καθορίζεται η διαδικασία για τον προσδιορισμό, με Student of the School of Architecture αντικειμενική μέθοδο, του καθαρού γεωργικού Technical εισοδήματος, για κάθε University of Crete ημερολογιακό έτος (κατάρτιση από ειδικώς συνιστώμενη επιτροπή 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept οριστικών πινάκων, που περιλαμβάνουν εκτιμήσεις του καθαρού γεωργικού 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept εισοδήματος, έγκριση των πινάκων αυτών με (444 απόφαση τουBC, Υπουργού ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC - 370 Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other κ.λ.π.). wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the Οικονομικών among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition the content of“principle”: concepts.

3. Περαιτέρω, «Πλοίον, κατά την έννοιαν τουof παρόντος Κωδικός, είναι παν acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based,προωρισμένον therefore, on this “principle” a first, not final, approach, the term σκάφος, όπως μετακινήται επί if του ύδατος προς μεταφοράν Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification προσώπων ή1 (and πραγμάτων, ρυμούλκησιν, επιθαλάσσιον αρωγήν, αλιείαν, 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various αναψυχήν, επιστημονικός έρευνας ή άλλον σκοπόν ».

Sociology as well), asμε the of a city area, from this, of (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement there Τέλος, σύμφωνα τη“refining” διάταξη του πρώτου εδαφίου του όρθρου 1 artists, του 4. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, However “change”, regardless of Κώδικα Ιδιωτικού Ναυτικού Δικαίου etc. (Κ.Ι.Ν.Δ.

- ν. this 3816/1958, ΦΕΚ Α'32), the operation art restaurants, etc.also However this whatever other has, rising of “change”, land prices (and theof «Πλοίον, κατάofconsequences τηνgalleries, έννοιαν του results παρόντος νόμου, είναι πάνregardless σκάφος, whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). χωρητικότητος καθαρός τουλάχιστον δέκα κόρων, προωρισμένον όπως potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to κινήται αυτοδυνάμως εν τη θαλάσση».

The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents III. 1. upgrade Από το them, σύνολο ανωτέρω -φορολογικώνδιατάξεων τουare ν.

London, stayτων themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”.

27/1975 προκύπτουν τα εξής: being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ΟAν.

27/1975 διατήρησε το ιδιάζον ελληνικών description ofperiod, this phenomenon isσύστημα includedφορολόγησης inwere the recorded work of των Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations in other major εμπορικών πλοίων, που είχεwhile κατ’ αρχάς θεσπιστεί με το recorded ν. 1880/1951.

GLASS at the same period, similar situations were in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Ο συνταγματικός νομοθέτης - Researchers. Σ. 1975 άρθρο 107 παρ. 1 εδ. δεύτερο, cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more προσέδωσε αυξημένη τυπική ισχύ στις διατάξεις του,scholars που αφορούν το ως Since then, the issue has several andthe for its άνω more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from various ιδιάζον σύστημα φορολόγησης. Κατά τηsummarized ρητή διατύπωση τουfrom άρθρου 2 παρ. comprehensive approach are being below, the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: 1interpretations του νόμου αυτού, η πρόσοδος, την οποία the αποκτά ο πλοιοκτήτης the phenomenon following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new category of social groups (υποκείμενο του φόρου), από την καθ' οιονδήποτε τρόπο εκμετάλλευση του to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money πλοίου (αντικείμενο του φόρου), φορολογείται μόνον βάσει των διατάξεων and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the αυτών, εξαντλούμενης, τη φορολόγηση αυτή, κάθεcentres, υποχρέωσης τουbetter απόin 1.of The termat comes fromμε Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for was born sense safety the distributed residencies outside town Berlin, where φόρο she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important του study entitled: τον σχετικό εισοδήματος. Ειδικότερα, όταν η εκμετάλλευση πλοίου services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and after continuous συνίσταται σε αλιευτική δραστηριότητα του πλοιοκτήτη, η markets, πρόσοδος την lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, οποία αυτός αποκτά από την διάθεση του αλιεύματος, φορολογείται μόνο in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 1selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in and παρ. του άρθρου 3 του Κώδικα Ναυτικού Δικαίου - ν.δ.

10th edit. 1 Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd.Δημοσίου London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The (Κ.Δ.Ν.Δ.

Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G.Α"261) ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a187/1973., variety ofΦΕΚ ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

βάσει των εν λόγω διατάξεων περί φορολογίας πλοίων και όχι ως εισόδημα από γεωργική επιχείρηση, κατά την προπαρατεθείσα διάταξη της παρ. 1 του άρθρου 40 του νόμου 2238/1994 (ΣτΕ 2989/1997, Ολομ. ΝΣΚ 328/1980). Από την ιδιάζουσα αυτή φορολόγηση δεν καλύπτεται, σύμφωνα με τη διάταξη της παρ.3 του όρθρου 2 του ν.27/1975, το εισόδημα που αποκτάται από την άσκηση άλλων, εκτός από την εκμετάλλευση του πλοίου, επιχειρήσεων (ΣτΕ 2989/1997, Δ.Πρ.Ηρακλ. 388/1980).

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Περαιτέρω, στην ειδική φορολόγηση που ο ν. 27/1975 εισάγει υπάγονται Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, τα πλοία, στα οποία περιλαμβάνονται, εκτός από τα μηχανοκίνητα πλοία, και

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect τα ιστιοφόρα και τα πλοιάρια γενικώς (άρθρο 1, παρ.1 και 3, και άρθρο 3 ν.

Student of the School of Architecture 27/1975), αλλά και άλλα, όπως τα πλωτά γεωτρύπανα, τα οποία δεν είναι Technical University of Crete πλοία κατά τις διατάξεις του Κ.Ι.Ν.Δ.

2, ότι από Defining 1. the concept καμία διάταξη του ν. 27/1975 δεν προκύπτει ότι 2. Introductory Γίνεται δεκτόapproach: 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept ο νόμος αυτός, για τον καθορισμό τηςphilosopher, έννοιας του(444 πλοίου, αναφέρεται στο ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -της 370έννοιας BC, Athens), among wise he left us, established a great “principle”: the άρθρο 1other παρ.1 τουheritage Κ.Ι.Ν.Δ., όπου, ως he απαραίτητο στοιχείο του among other wise ηheritage leftthe us,definition he established a great “principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. «πλοίου», ορίζεται αυτοδύναμη κίνηση του σκάφους στη of θάλασσα και the η acquisition of knowledge starts withδέκα theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term χωρητικότητα αυτούonτουλάχιστον κόρων, ανof μάλιστα ληφθεί υπόψη ότι 1 (and urban therefore, on this inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification κατάBased, τον μεταγενέστερο και“principle” εγγύτερο is προς το ν.27/1975 Κώδικα Δημοσίου 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Ναυτικού Δικαίου δεν αποτελεί αναγκαίο στοιχείο της εννοίας του πλοίου Sociology as well), as χωρητικότητα the “refining” ofτου, a city area, the from this,αυτού. (inartists, various ways), social groups, usually of low-income and theremoval placement there of ούτε ηof συγκεκριμένη ούτε η αυτοδύναμη κίνηση ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the3. operation of artκατά galleries, etc.του However this17 “change”, regardless of Άλλωστε, ρητήrestaurants, διατύπωση άρθρου του ν.27/1975, για the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the πλοία ολικής χωρητικότητας μέχρι και είκοσι (20) κόρων, με εξαίρεση εκείναof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative που υπάγονται στο ν.438/1976, ο οφειλόμενος φόρος αμελείται και δεν potential relative speculation).

The termβεβαίωση gentrification is foundαυτού. at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to ενεργείται του φόρου The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the buy UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the4.then observed trend of property poor Σημειωτέον, ότι στις παρ. 13 και 14toτου άρθρου 72inτου ισχύοντος the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof Κώδικα Φορολογίας Εισοδήματος (ν.4172/2013, " 167), πουresidents ισχύει για London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimesΦΕΚ thereΑand thus old are being indirectly “squeezed”. τα εισοδήματα που αποκτώνται μετά την 1-1-2014, προβλέφθηκε ότι : «ι13. Οι being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this τη phenomenon included in the work of Sociologist διατάξεις που διέπουν φορολογίαisτων ναυτιλιακών επιχειρήσεων καιRuth των A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major συνδεομένων φυσικών προσώπων μόνο σε σχέση με το εισόδημα που GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. απορρέει από τιςcountries, επιχειρήσεις αυτές δεν θίγονται από τις διατάξεις του cities in Western bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more παρόντος 14. Οι διατάξεις των παραγράφων 3 και 4and τουfor όρθρου 4 Since Κώδικα. then, the issue has several below, scholars its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from the various του παρόντος Κώδικα (σημ: are περίbeing φορολογικής κατοικίας) δεν εφαρμόζονται comprehensive approach summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: για τις εταιρείες που έχουν συσταθεί και λειτουργούν σύμφωνα με το ν. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups 27/1975 και το ν.δ.

2687/1953» to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Κατόπιν των ανωτέρω, το Νομικό Συμβούλιο του Κράτους (Α΄lack Τακτική andIV. time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, of the Ολομέλεια) γνωμοδοτεί, ομόφωνα, ότιGLASS, στο υπό κρίση ερώτημα 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASSαρμόζει wasbetter bornηin sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, whereότι she το made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important studyολικής entitled: απάντηση εισόδημα από αλιεύματα αλιευτικών σκαφών, services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment.

The year she left Germany and afterτων continuous χωρητικότητας μέχρι 10same κόρους, φορολογείται βάσει περί φορολογίας lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, πλοίων διατάξεων του ν. regarding 27/1975 και όχι ως εισόδημα γεωργική in According 1943 she published studies city planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due a από systematic and University informal College London, where she άρθρων continued her social Her public and επιχείρηση, κατάofτις διατάξεις των 40 και 42research. του ν. 2238/1994. long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 2 G.328/1980) ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Ολομ.of ΝΣΚ

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Κριτικό σημείωμα GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsΔ.Types of Gentrification ΑΝΤΩΝΙΟΥ: Concerns Οι Καλές Πρακτικές των Οργανισμών Τοπικής

Αυτοδιοίκησης ως μοχλός περιφερειακής και τοπικής

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ανάπτυξης: Harvard Η περίπτωση του Δήμου Xανίων University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect

StudentΓΕ. of the School of Architecture Του κ. Κωνστ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ Technical UniversityΕπιστ. of Crete Καθηγητού Σχολ. Νομικών και Κοινωνικών Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the Μετ. concept Επισκ. Προγρ. Σπ.-Πανεπ.

ANTISTHENIS, theΚαθηγητού ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC,Αθηνών, Athens), Ομοτ. Καθηγητού ΠΑΝΤΕΙΟΥ Π.Κ.Π.Ε., ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the among other wise heritage us, he established a Ex. great the Exleft Ch. L. U. L. Bruxelles, Int. I.I.A.P., Paris acquisition of knowledge startshe with the definition of the content of“principle”: concepts.

acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, theτων term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Η διπλωματική εργασία υπό τον τίτλο «Οι Καλές Πρακτικές 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Οργανισμών Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης ως μοχλός περιφερειακής και Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, removal fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, of low-income andthe the placement τοπικής ανάπτυξης: Ηusually περίπτωση του Δήμου Xανίων» εκπονήθηκε από ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation ofκ.artΔημήτριο galleries, restaurants, etc.στο However this “change”, regardless of τον Φοιτητή ΑΝΤΩΝΙΟΥ πλαίσιο του Μεταπτυχιακού the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof Προγράμματος Σπουδών has, «Εφηρμοσμένων Οικονομικών whatever otherspeculation). consequences results also rising of land prices (andκαι the potential relative Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης» του Παντείου Πανεπιστημίου (2015 – 2016, potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Τμήμα και Περιφερειακής TheΟικονομικής term gentrification found atpeople firstΑνάπτυξης). in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Η εν λόγω εργασία, με αναφορά σε πλήθος πηγών, the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buyβιβλιογραφικών property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents are πραγματοποιήθηκε υπό την επίβλεψη της there Επίκουρης Καθηγήτριας being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. Δεληθέου Βασιλικής τη συνεπίβλεψη τουinΚαθηγητή Ιωάννη A description of thisκαι phenomenon is included the work ofΨυχάρη Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth του Τμήματος Οικονομικής καιsimilar Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης Παντείου GLASS at the same period, while situations were recordedτου in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Πανεπιστημίου Κοινωνικών και Πολιτικών Επιστημών. cities countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars its more Ηin Western εν λόγω εργασία αποτελεί μια πρωτότυπη, υπόand τηνfor έννοια ότι Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various αποτελεί προσωπική σύνθεση του συγγραφέα, μελέτη στο ανωτέρω θέμα comprehensivethe approach are being summarized from the various interpretations phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: εφαρμόζονταςof μεθοδική, συστηματική και επιστημονική προσέγγιση. interpretations of the phenomenon of the following: In a sense,ηthe phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend ofτα a new of social groups Ειδικότερα, παρούσα εργασία έλαβε υπόψη εξήςcategory στοιχεία: to “return” the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money α) ναtoείναι επίκαιρη, ανταποκρινόμενη στην κοινωνικό-οικονομική and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the κατάσταση στην οποία βρίσκεται η χώρα1912-1940. μας, και Ruth κατ’GLASS επέκταση οι termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for ελληνικοί Δήμοι, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youthβ) Unemployment.

The same year–she left Germany and after continuous να έχει επιστημονικό ερευνητικό χαρακτήρα, πραγματευόμενη lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, τη σύγχρονη βιβλιογραφία σχετική μεphenomenon το θέμα, In 1950 in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and γ) informal να περιλαμβάνει αποτελέσματα-συμπεράσματα, που να long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. προέρχονται από «αυτοδύναμη» έρευνα του συγγραφέα, καθώς και and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web,να in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: καταλήγει σε προτάσεις νέες με βασικό κριτήριο το ρεαλισμό.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Βασικός σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας απετέλεσε η σε βάθος διερεύνηση της έννοιας των «Καλών Πρακτικών» (Best Practises) για την Τοπική Αυτοδιοίκηση, καθώς και η αναζήτηση της σχέσης και του ρόλου, που μπορούν να διαδραματίσουν σε μία σύγχρονη αναπτυξιακή διαδικασία, κυρίως σε επίπεδο Δήμου. Προς εξυπηρέτηση του σκοπού αυτού, επιλέχθηκε, ως «μελέτη περίπτωσης», ο Δήμος Χανίων Κρήτης, ο οποίος τα τελευταία χρόνια προέβη στην υλοποίηση ορισμένων Καλών

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Πρακτικών με αξιόλογαHarvard αποτελέσματα το Δήμο, με ofγνώμονα πάντα University,για Graduate School Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS τον πολίτη.

Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

Κύριο μέρος Ο συγγραφέας επισημαίνει πως οικονομική κρίση και οι ολοένα 1. Introductory approach: Defining the η concept μεγαλύτερες πιέσεις προς την Τοπική Αυτοδιοίκηση και-ειδικότερα προς 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, 370 BC, Athens), τουςANTISTHENIS, Δήμους να «προσφέρουν περισσότερα με λιγότερους πόρους» έχουν the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the επιφέρει ένα ασφυκτικό οικονομικά περιβάλλον. Η κατάσταση among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the επιδεινώθηκε με τηon μεταφορά σειράς αρμοδιοτήτων, κυρίως μεconcepts. κοινωνικό acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of Based, therefore, this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term περιεχόμενο και στο πλαίσιο εφαρμογής του (and αντίκτυπο, urban gentrification) is area ofΝ.3852/2010 Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification (Πρόγραμμα «Καλλικράτης»), χωρίς όμως των Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area,παράλληλη the removalμεταφορά from this, (inκαι various Sociology as well), the “refining” of a cityπόρων. area, fromthere this, of (inΔήμος various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement artists, αντίστοιχων, για asτην άσκησή τους, Ένας σύγχρονος ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operationλοιπόν of art galleries, restaurants, this “change”, regardless of απαιτείται – όσο ποτέ άλλοτε etc.

-, ναHowever στηριχθεί στις «ίδιες» δυνάμεις the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other(ή consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the αξιοποιώντας ενσωματώνοντας) παράλληλα, στο μέγιστο βαθμό, τηof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative διαδικασία της «μάθησης» από τη πολυετή γνώση και την εμπειρία, που potential relative speculation). term gentrification is found atευρωπαϊκό first in the UK early 1960s and it σχετικά refers to έχειThe συσσωρευτεί σε παγκόσμιο, καιinεθνικό επίπεδο, The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor με πολιτικές, δράσεις και διαδικασίες τοπικής οικονομικής καιof theτις then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are 1 για την κοινωνικής ανάκαμψης και ανάπτυξης. Οι «Καλές Πρακτικές» London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Τοπική Αυτοδιοίκηση μπορούν να αποτελέσουν το βασικό εργαλείο being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth διάχυσης τηςsame «μάθησης» και αναπαραγωγής και A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included αντίστοιχων inwere the recorded work of πολιτικών Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the while similar in other major δράσεων σε άλλους Δήμους, με την κατάλληλη προσαρμογή στις ιδιαίτερες GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. συνθήκες και τα χαρακτηριστικά της κάθε περιοχής. Οι Καλές Πρακτικές Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more για τους Δήμους έχουν τη να αναπληρώσουν το various «κενό» comprehensive approach areδυνατότητα being summarized below, from the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various γνώσης που υπάρχει στους τοπικούς φορείς χάραξης πολιτικής σχετικά με interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money 1 Τοπική Αυτοδιοίκηση υπερκεράσει τα εμπόδια και τις and timeΜε toστόχο travelη from the purlieus to να downtown, where work place is,προκλήσεις, lack of the τα τελευταία χρόνια οι φορείς χάραξης πολιτικής, καθώς και οι τεχνοκράτες τηςfor δημόσιας 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS was born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search better Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published anτο important studyκαι entitled: διοίκησης, έχουν προσθέσει στην Ατζέντα που περιλαμβάνει σχεδιασμό την services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for εφαρμογή τοπικών προγραμμάτων την έννοια των «Καλών Πρακτικών» («Best lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Practices»). «Καλές Πρακτικές» αφορούν όλους τους επιστημονικούς κλάδους και in According 1943 sheΟι published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College London, where she και continued her social research.

Her public and όλους τουςinformal τομείς ofτης δημόσιας ζωής ουσιαστικά η χρήση τουςbrokers έγκειται, υπό την long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passionμία for justice.

See also:διαδικασία COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. ευρεία έννοια, στο να etc., υποδηλώσει δοκιμασμένη ήthe δράση που έχει and selling realCOLLINS estate, for theCodepreciation initially of part of urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: αποδείξει στην πράξη ότι είναι περισσότερο αποτελεσματική από άλλες, όταν G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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εφαρμόζεται σε συγκεκριμένες συνθήκες και μπορεί να μεταφερθεί (αναπαραχθεί).

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

επιτυχημένες «συνταγές» τοπικής ανάπτυξης. Αυτό μπορεί να συμβεί με τη διάχυση (diffusion) ή μεταφορά (transferability) ή ανταλλαγή (exchange) επιτυχημένων προσεγγίσεων πολιτικών / μεθόδων / δράσεων τοπικής ανάπτυξης σε μία περιοχή από μία άλλη αναγνωρίζοντας τις τοπικές ιδιαιτερότητες (ΟΟΣΑ, 2001). Στο πλαίσιο αυτό, η εργασία στο Πρώτο Μέρος, στο Κεφάλαιο 1, ξεκινά με τη θεωρητική διερεύνηση του θεσμού της Τοπικής

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Αυτοδιοίκησης στη χώρα μας και τη συνοπτική των Student, κύριων Harvard University, Graduateπαρουσίαση School of Design,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS χαρακτηριστικών του. Επίσης, αποτυπώνεται η κατάσταση στηνArchitect οποία Student of the School of Architecture έχει περιέλθει η Τ.Α. σήμερα, λόγω της πολυετούς οικονομικής και κατ’ Technical of Crete επέκταση ανθρωπιστικής κρίσης που μαστίζει τη χώρα μας.University Τέλος, γίνεται μία1.σύντομη αναφορά στιςDefining πρόσφατες τάσεις και μεταρρυθμίσεις στο Introductory approach: the concept χώρο της Τ.Α. σε ευρωπαϊκό επίπεδο, που ως βασικό στόχο θέτουν – όπως 1. Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), και ANTISTHENIS, στηother χώρα μας - την προώθηση της αποκέντρωσης, αλλά την the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC,και Athens), among wise heritage he left us, he established a great the προσαρμογή της λειτουργίας των τοπικών και περιφερειακών among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the αυτοδιοικήσεων στους πρόσφατους αλλά και οργανωτικούς acquisition of knowledge starts with theοικονομικούς the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term περιορισμούς και δεσμεύσεις που επέβαλαν οι κεντρικές κυβερνήσεις. (and urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Κεφάλαιο του Πρώτου Μέρους, επιχειρείται η αποσαφήνιση Στοas2οwell), Sociology as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as της well), as the “refining” of a city fromthere this,στενά (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement of της έννοιας Τοπικής Ανάπτυξης, ως area, έννοιας που συνδέεται με ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of τους τοπικούς φορείς χάραξης πολιτικής, ενώ επιπλέον βρίσκεται «ψηλά» the operation ofconsequences artΑτζέντα galleries, restaurants, etc.της However regardless whatever other has, results also risingthis of “change”, land (and theof στην ευρωπαϊκή στο πλαίσιο ενίσχυσης τηςprices οικονομικής, whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative ακολουθεί μία κοινωνικής και εδαφικής συνοχής της Ένωσης2. Επιπλέον, potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK inτης earlyΤοπικής 1960s and it refers to ανασκόπηση σχετικά στη σύγχρονη θεώρηση Ανάπτυξης The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor (ενδογενής ανάπτυξη, βιώσιμη ανάπτυξη, σχέση),inπου θέτει ως the then observed trend wealthy peopleεταιρική to there buy property poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof στόχο ναupgrade την ανταπόκριση στις μεταβαλλόμενες οικονομικές, London, them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus oldκοινωνικές, residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. θεσμικές και πολιτικές τάσεις και πιέσεις σε διεθνές και ευρωπαϊκό being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth επίπεδο.

A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major οthe Κεφάλαιο μας εισάγει στο Δεύτερο Μέρος της εργασίας, Το 3 GLASS at same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. προσφέροντας μία πρώτη επαφή με την several έννοια των «Καλών Since then, the issue has preoccupied scholars and Πρακτικών» for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for its more για την Τοπικήapproach Ανάπτυξηare καιbeing εστιάζοντας στο below, πιο κρίσιμο, κατά την comprehensive summarized from various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various άποψη του συγγραφέα και της Επιβλέπουσας interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification,Καθηγήτριας, the following: «συστατικό» interpretations the phenomenon the following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new category of socialκαι groups αυτών, τη δυνατότητα μεταφοράς. Η διαδικασία της μεταφοράς της to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus reasons: highσυνδέονται costs in money ανταλλαγής «Καλών Πρακτικών» και for οι several προκλήσεις που με and timeαποτελεί to travel from the purlieus downtown, place is, lack of the αυτή, βασικό πεδίο to μελέτης γιαwhere τουςwork φορείς σχεδιασμού 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, πολιτικών τοπικής ανάπτυξης σε διεθνές και ευρωπαϊκό επίπεδο.

Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of επόμενο health, education, entertainment “at the heart of κύριο the city”, (possibly) ο λόγο στηνfor Κεφάλαιο YouthΤο Unemployment.

The same year (4 she)leftσυμβάλλει Germany andκατά after continuous movements lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva,θεωρητικού Prague, London and New York της she came back των to London, αποτύπωση του βασικού υπόβαθρου έννοιας «Καλών in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Πρακτικών» γιαofτην Τοπική Αυτοδιοίκηση καιsocial ειδικότερα Δήμους, University informal College London, where she continued her research.για Her τους public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 2 Βλ. άρθρα 3 ΣΕΕ και 174 ΣΛΕΕ.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

όπως αυτό υιοθετήθηκε από το Συμβούλιο της Ευρώπης3 (2015). Ειδικότερα, το Κεφάλαιο αυτό αποτελεί τη κύρια θεωρητική διερεύνηση του περιεχομένου των «Καλών Πρακτικών», όπως είναι ο ρόλος του προσωπικού και της ηγεσίας του Δήμου, τα κριτήρια που προσδιορίζουν μία πρακτική ως «Καλή Πρακτική», το στάδιο της αξιολόγησης, καθώς επίσης τα μέσα διάδοσης και εν γένει τη διαδικασία μεταφοράς και ανταλλαγής «Καλών Πρακτικών» στους

By Mr. Δήμους.

George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ο πραγματοποιείται η συνοπτική των Στο 5 Κεφάλαιο, Harvard University, Graduate School παρουσίαση of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS «βημάτων» που έχουν γίνει σε εθνικό επίπεδο από τους τοπικούς φορείς – Architect Studentδυνατή of the School of Architecture κυρίως στελέχη Δήμων - προς τη βέλτιστη αξιοποίηση των Technical of Crete «Καλών Πρακτικών» ως εργαλείου τοπικής ανάκαμψης καιUniversity ανάπτυξης. Η Πανελλήνια Ένωση Γενικών Γραμματέων Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης ή 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept «Κλεισθένης» όπως είναι ευρέως γνωστή, αποτέλεσε τον πρώτο και μέχρι 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, σήμερα σημαντικότερο θεσμό που προσπάθησε και κατάφερε να Athens), «θέσει ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the σε λειτουργία» μία οργανωμένη προσπάθεια ανάδειξης και προώθησης among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the των «Καλών στην με έμφαση acquisition of Πρακτικών» knowledge starts withΤοπική theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a Αυτοδιοίκηση, first, if of not final, approach, theστους term 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term Δήμους. (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or ο Κεφάλαιο, gentrification με στόχο εικόνα με τις Στοas6well), Sociology as the “refining” of aμία cityπληρέστερη area, the removal fromσχετικά this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a Αυτοδιοίκησης city area, this, μας (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement there of «Καλές Πρακτικές» της Τοπικής στηfrom χώρα και ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operationτων of artελληνικών galleries, restaurants, However this “change”, regardless of ειδικότερα Δήμων, οetc. Δήμος Χανίων χρησιμοποιείται ως the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this regardless 4, με whatever other has, results rising of “change”, land prices (and theof βασικό σκοπό την ανάδειξη επιτυχημένων «μελέτης περίπτωσης» whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative εμπειριών (ή εμπειριών που φέρουν τις κατάλληλες προϋποθέσεις) potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refersκαι to υλοποίησης «Καλών isΠρακτικών». Ειδικότερα, αναλύονται The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor αξιολογούνται δύοtrend (2) «Καλές Πρακτικές» του property Δήμου -inτο “Γραφείο the then observed wealthy people to there buy poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof Πληροφόρησης &them, Προώθησης της Απασχόλησης” καιand η Λειτουργία "Media London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes there thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”.

5 - με τρόπο ώστε να καταστεί Lab" στη Δημοτική Βιβλιοθήκη Xανίων being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth εφικτή λεπτομερής εξέταση διαδικασιών που εφαρμόστηκαν (ή A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while των similar situations recorded in other major πρόκειται να εφαρμοστούν) και η εξαγωγή των κατάλληλων GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. συμπερασμάτων.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: 3 interpretations of thePRACTICE phenomenon of thePrepared following: Κείμενο «BEST INdue LOCAL By Council of In a sense, the phenomenon is togentrification, aGOVERNMENT», trend of a new category of the social groups Europe Centre of Expertise for Local Government Reform in cooperation with CoE experts to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Johntime Jackson, Cezary Trutkowski and Irfhan Mururajani, Aprilwork 2015,place Council of Europe, and to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where is, lack of the Strasbourg.

1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin,4 where she made her first studies. Inπρος 1932ανάλυση she published an important study entitled: Σημειώνεται ότι τα απαραίτητα στοιχεία διατέθηκαν από τον services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for πρώην Γεν. Γραμματέα (2011 – 2014) του Δήμου Χανίων κ. Γαβριήλ Α. Κουρή lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, (παραχωρήθηκε καθώς καιthe από τα αρμόδια στελέχη του και in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the toσυνέντευξη), another approach, is due a «Κλεισθένη» systematic and University από College London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and ειδικότερα τονofΠρόεδρό του κ. Μιχάλη Χρηστάκη. long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying 5 her work areσυγκεκριμένες characterized by«Καλές a passion for justice. See also:καταγραφεί COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Οι Πρακτικές» έχουν επίσημα από and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web,τον in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: «Κλεισθένη» βάσει τήρησης συγκεκριμένων κριτηρίων. Μέχρι σήμερα, έχουν καταγραφεί G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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περί εκατό (100) και πλέον Καλές Πρακτικές, που αφορούν κυρίως σε Δήμους της χώρας.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Στο τελευταίο Κεφάλαιο (7ο) παρουσιάζονται τα συμπεράσματα και οι προτάσεις του συγγραφέα, όπως προέκυψαν από τη σύνθεση της «μελέτης περίπτωσης» με το κυρίως θεωρητικό πλαίσιο, το οποίο υιοθετήθηκε στην εργασία αυτή. Αρχικά, τα συμπεράσματα αναδεικνύουν με σαφή τρόπο ότι παρά το εύθραυστο κοινωνικό – οικονομικό περιβάλλον το οποίο επικρατεί σήμερα στη χώρα μας και τις σύνθετες προκλήσεις που αντιμετωπίζει η Τοπική Αυτοδιοίκηση και ειδικότερα οι

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Δήμοι, υπό συνθήκες δημοσιονομικής έλλειψης πόρων, οι Harvard University,πίεσης Graduateκαι School of Design, Student, Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS «Καλές Πρακτικές» δύναται να By προσφέρουν, στοC.προσωπικό και την Architect Student theαντιμετώπιση School of Architecture ηγεσία του Δήμου, τις απαραίτητες λύσεις για of την των Technical University of Crete σύνθετων προκλήσεων σε όλους τους τομείς της δημόσιας τοπικής ζωής, δημιουργώντας τις προϋποθέσεις 1. Introductory παράλληλα approach: Defining the concept για τοπική ανάπτυξη. Ειδικότερα, με την πάροδο ορισμένων ετών(444 όπου διαφαίνεται μία 1. Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), σημαντική γιαheτην προώθηση των «Καλών στη ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCΠρακτικών» -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among otherπροσπάθεια wise heritage left us, he established a great the Τοπική Αυτοδιοίκηση στη χώρα μας, και ειδικότερα στους Δήμους, among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the αναφορικά μεknowledge το σχεδιασμό και την υλοποίηση πολιτικών μεθόδων acquisition of starts with theindefinition the content ofκαι concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle”ορισμένα inindicated a first, βασικά if (in notthe final, approach, the6,term τα τοπικής ανάπτυξης, έχουν προκύψει συμπεράσματα (and urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or οποία διακρίνονται σε “refining” «θετικά» και Sociology as well), as the of a «αρνητικά». cityisarea, the removal (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways),Κατ’ of social groups, usually ofέχουν low-income and the placement there of artists, αρχάς τα «θετικά» ως εξής: ways), social groups, usually of low-income thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of Οιof«Καλές Πρακτικές» λαμβάνουν σεand ικανοποιητικό βαθμό υπόψη the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences results also rising land prices (andτων theof την πολυπλοκότητα και τη has, διαφορετικότητα ωςofπρος τη φύση whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative προβλημάτων που αντιμετωπίζουν οι Δήμοι της χώρας μας. potential relative speculation).

TheΗterm gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and itείναι refers to ευρηματικότητα και η καινοτομία των Δημοτικών Αρχών ένα The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor στοιχείο εμφανές, αποδεικνύοντας στη πράξη ότιproperty τεχνογνωσία και νέεςof the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents are ιδέες υπάρχουν, αυτόstay που απομένειsometimes είναι ναthere τεθεί τους Δήμους London, upgrade them, themselves andαπό thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. (ηγεσία και προσωπικό), καθώς και από τις ενώσεις/δίκτυα τους, το being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth όραμα για τηνsame εξεύρεση νέων λύσεων μεrecorded συστηματικό τρόπο.

A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the whileκαινοτόμων similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more 6 Since then, the issue has several scholars andthe for«μελέτης its more Στην κατάληξη αυτών των συμπερασμάτων συνετέλεσε, επιπλέον της comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various περίπτωσης» η έρευνα με τη μορφή of προσωπικών συνεντεύξεων, μέσω ηλεκτρονικής interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, the following: interpretations of the phenomenon of the following: αλληλογραφίας και τηλεφώνου, με πρώην υπηρεσιακά στελέχη Δήμων (όπουgroups στους In a sense, the phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new category of social Δήμους τους είχαν υλοποιηθεί πρακτικές που τηρούσαν τα κριτήρια των «Καλών to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Πρακτικών»), καθώςfrom και the του purlieus Εθνικού Κέντρου Δημόσιας Διοίκησης και Αυτοδιοίκησης and time to travel to downtown, where work place is, lack of the (ΕΚΔΔΑ). Ειδικότερα, απάντησαν σε ερωτηματολόγιο – συνέντευξη οι κ.κ.for ΚΩΣΤΑΣ 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS was born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search better Berlin, where she made her first studies. Δήμου In 1932 she published an important study entitled: ΤΣΙΛΟΓΙΑΝΝΗΣ Γενικός Γραμματέας Βέροιας [2011-2014], ΕΜΜΑΝΟΥΗΛ services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for ΖΑΧΑΡΕΝΑΚΗΣ Γενικός Γραμματέας from Δήμου Ιεράπετρας [2011-2014], ΕΥΓΕΝΙΑ ΛΟΚΑΝΑ, lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Υπεύθυνη Σπουδών & Έρευνας του ΕΚΔΔΑ (Ηphenomenon συνέντευξη στη διημερίδα που in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.

In αφορούσε 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College ofστις London, where she continued her social research.

Her and πραγματοποιήθηκε 11 και 12 Ιουνίου 2015 στη Θεσσαλονίκη από τοpublic ΕΚΔΔΑ και τον long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a πρακτικές passion for στην justice.

See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. «Κλεισθένη» με estate, θέμα «Καλές εφαρμογή των δημόσιων πολιτικών των and selling real for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS etc., SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Δήμων»).

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Η διενέργεια συμπράξεων/συνεργειών/δικτύωσης/εταιρικών σχημάτων με τον Ιδιωτικό Τομέα, διαφόρους Δημόσιους Οργανισμούς, Επιστημονικά και Επιχειρηματικά Ινστιτούτα, Ακαδημαϊκά Ιδρύματα, συλλόγους και φορείς της τοπικής κοινωνίας. Η αναζήτηση και η εύρεση νέων πηγών χρηματοδότησης με τη χρήση και αξιοποίηση νέων χρηματοδοτικών εργαλείων (π.χ. ΣΔΙΤ), συντελούν στην ανάληψη δράσεων, την οικονομική δυσπραγία στην Byπαρά Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS οποία βρίσκεται η πλειονότητα των ελληνικών Δήμων.

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Οι δράσεις των Δήμων αποσκοπούν σε μείζονα προβλήματα της Architect Student of the of Architecture εποχής με κύριο χαρακτηριστικό την αντιμετώπιση τηςSchool ανεργίας και της Technical of Crete στοχευόμενης παρέμβασης στους νέους ανθρώπους και University τις ευαίσθητες κοινωνικές ομάδες.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Οι παρεμβάσεις με στόχοGreek τη βελτίωση της Ποιότητας Ζωής και κατ’ 1.

Introductory the concept ANTISTHENIS,approach: the ancientDefining philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), επέκταση τηςwise ελκυστικότητας των κυρίως μέσα από ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC,δράσεις Athens), among other heritage he left us, περιοχών, he established a great the περιβαλλοντικής αναβάθμισης.. among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Όσον αφορά στα «αρνητικά» έχουν προκύψει, acquisition of knowledge starts with theστοιχεία, of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, ifπου not final, approach, theαυτά term 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term έχουν ως εξής: (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Η προσπάθεια που γίνεται και οιtheπρωτοβουλίες που έχουν Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, removal from this, (in various Sociology asστο well), as the “refining” of a cityκαι area, the removal fromthere this, of (in various ways), of social groups, usually low-income and the placement artists, αναληφθεί πλαίσιο της of διάδοσης της αξιοποίησης των «Καλών ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation ofθα art galleries, restaurants, etc. However thisως “change”, regardless of Πρακτικών» μπορούσαν να χαρακτηριστούν αποσπασματικού the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof χαρακτήρα και χωρίς την απαραίτητη «συνέχεια». whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Σε πολλές από τις αποκαλούμενες «Καλές Πρακτικές» των ελληνικών potential relative speculation).

The term found atορισμένων first in the UK in earlyδομικών 1960s andστοιχείων it refers to Δήμων είναιgentrification ξεκάθαρη ηisέλλειψη βασικών The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor (κάλυψη κριτηρίων) που κατατάσσουν πρακτική ενός Δήμου ως the then observed trend wealthy sometimes peopleμία to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof πρότυπο – «Καλήthem, Πρακτική».

London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Τα μέσα διάδοσης των «Καλών Πρακτικών» στη χώρα μας φαίνεται being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth να είναι μία ofάποψη «πενιχρά» να πετύχουν ίσως βασικό A description this phenomenon isγια included inwere the recorded work of το Sociologist Ruth GLASS atαπό the same period, while similar situations inπιο other major 7 στόχο μίας «Καλής Πρακτικής» που είναι η «διάδοση».

GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, other Researchers. Είναι η byαπουσία κουλτούρας «αλλαγής» Since then,εμφανής the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for itsστους more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andτην for ανάγκη its more περισσότερους Δήμους τηςare χώρας. «αλλαγή» υποδηλώνει comprehensive approach being Η summarized below, from the various comprehensive approach being summarized from Πρακτικές the various ώστε όλοι οιof the Δήμοι να are επιδιώξουν ενεργάthebelow, τις Καλές interpretations phenomenon of gentrification, following: interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, theόχι phenomenon dueof to a trend of aανάγκη new of social groups αναζητώντας μόνη τη is λύση σε κάποια (πρόβλημα), αλλά to “return” to στόχο the city,τη leaving the βελτίωση purlieus forκαι several reasons: high costs inπρόοδο money έχοντας ως συνεχή τη πίστη για συνεχή and time travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the μέσα απόtoτις εμπειρίες άλλων Δήμων.

The termat from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside town Τέλος, ηcomes εργασία, αντί Επιλόγου, κατέληξε σεcentres, ορισμένες προτάσεις, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services ofουσιαστικά health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for οιYouth οποίες αναδεικνύουν τιςGermany σημαντικές προοπτικές Unemployment.

The same year she left and after continuous ανάπτυξης lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research inαπό Geneva, Prague, London and New«Καλών York she came back to London, που διαφαίνονται την προώθηση των Πρακτικών» στην in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying 7 her work are characterized by a passion for justice.

See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Αυτό αποτυπώνεται στην εμφανή έλλειψη γνώσης από τουςurban Δήμους and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the web,για in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: επιτεύγματα ακόμη και όμορων τους Δήμων.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

110

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS

εφαρμογή των δημόσιων πολιτικών των Δήμων.School Οι προτάσεις αυτές Harvard University, Graduate of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS μπορούν να συνοψισθούν στη δημιουργία ενός Εθνικού Ολοκληρωμένου Architect of theνα School of Architecture Προγράμματος Καλών Πρακτικών, το οποίοStudent θα πρέπει διαθέτει τα εξής Technical University of Crete «συστατικά»: Tον εντοπισμό των Καλών Πρακτικών μέσω επίσημης διαδικασίας, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept με ANTISTHENIS, τη συμμετοχή όχι μόνο των Δήμων, αλλά και(444 άλλων φορέων που θα 1. Introductory approach: the concept the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), προσδώσουν το heritage απαραίτητο κύρος και αξιοπιστία στη συνολική ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise he left us, he established a great the διαδικασία, όπως για παράδειγμα η συμμετοχή Ακαδημαϊκών Ιδρυμάτων. among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Να therefore, εφαρμόζει τυποποιημένη αποτύπωσης Καλών acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of των concepts.

Based, onμια this “principle” aμέθοδο first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 Based, therefore, onμεthis “principle” is inindicated a first, notthe final, theόσο term Πρακτικών σύμφωνα προδιαγραφές που θαifτεθούν, μεapproach, σκοπό την (and urban gentrification) (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification το δυνατόν καλύτερη, απλούστερη αλλά σαφή καταγραφή του(in συνόλου Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city removal from this, of (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there artists, των «βημάτων» που απαιτούνται γιαarea, τηνthe εφαρμογή τους. Δηλαδή, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, However this “change”, regardless of θεωρείται αναγκαία η τυποποίηση καιetc. η κωδικοποίηση των διαδικασιών. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences results also rising of landτων prices (and theof Να other λαμβάνει υπόψη ταhas, ιδιαίτερα χαρακτηριστικά ελληνικών whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Δήμων, όπως είναι οι νησιωτικοί και οι ορεινοί, καθώς και τις τρέχουσες potential relative speculation).

The term is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to ανάγκες καιgentrification προκλήσεις (π.χ. προσφυγικό ζήτημα).

The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Να observed προβαίνειtrend σε χρήση σύγχρονων διάδοσης όπως γιαof the then wealthy people toμέσων buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are παράδειγμα η έκδοση επίσημου Οδηγού Καλών London, upgrade them,ενός stay themselves sometimes thereΠρακτικών. and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Να θέτει ως βασικό στόχο τη δημιουργία εταιρικών σχημάτων με τη being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth συμμετοχή των τοπικών και μη φορέων A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the (Αρμόδια work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at theόλων same while similar recorded inΥπουργεία, other major Περιφερειακή Αυτοδιοίκηση, Ιδιωτικές Επιχειρήσεις, ΜΚΟ) και των GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. πολιτών.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has scholars andthe for its more Ο συγγραφέας καταλήγει το several συμπέρασμα πως οι various Καλές comprehensive approach arepreoccupied beingμεsummarized below, from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Πρακτικές μπορούν και πρέπει of ναgentrification, αποτελέσουν «καταλύτη» για τη interpretations of the phenomenon theτον following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, μίας theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups δημιουργία Βιώσιμης -is Τοπικής Ενδογενούς Ανάπτυξης μέσω της to “return” to της the city, leaving theκαι purlieus for severalδημιουργικών reasons: high costs in money προώθησης καινοτομίας της εξεύρεσης λύσεων στα and timeπροβλήματα to travel from the to downtown, where work place lack ofμας the τοπικά και purlieus προκλήσεις, ιδιαίτερα σήμερα που ηis,χώρα 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, βρίσκεται εν μέσω μιας βαθιάς και πολυεπίπεδης κρίσης. Οι Καλές Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Πρακτικές μπορούν καιsame πρέπει να left αποτελέσουν μάθησης γιαfor Youth Unemployment.

The year she Germany and «οχήματα» after continuous movements lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York νέους she cameτρόπους back to London, κάθε ελληνικό Δήμο, ώστε να «ανακαλύψουν» που θα in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and εξασφαλίζουν ανάκαμψης και ανάπτυξης των action κάτω».

University informal Collegeπροοπτικές of London, where she continued her social research.«εκ Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying her work characterized by a passion «αυτοσκοπό» for justice. See also: COLLINS DICTIONARY. Αυτό θαareπρέπει να αποτελεί για ένανENGLISH σύγχρονο Δήμο and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ανοιχτό στην «αλλαγή» και με κουλτούρα συνεχούς βελτίωσης και G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually γνώμονα πάντα τον πολίτη.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Κριτικό Σημείωμα GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Μ. ΣΤΑΥΡΙΔΟΥ: Concerns Σταθεροποίησης Το Πρόγραμμα Δημοσιονομικής

των Δήμων στην Ελλάδα

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, GraduateΓΕ.

School of Design, Student, Του κ. Κωνστ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Καθηγητού Σχολ. Νομικών και Επιστ.

Student of theΚοινωνικών School of Architecture Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος, Technical University of Crete

Καθηγητού Επισκ. Μετ. Προγρ. Σπ. Πανεπ. Αθηνών,

1. Introductory approach: DefiningΟμοτ. the concept Καθηγητού ΠΑΝΤΕΙΟΥ Π.Κ.Π.Ε., 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientEx Greek philosopher, Ch. L. U. L. Bruxelles, Ex. Int. I.I.A.P., Paris ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Η διπλωματική εργασία μεthe τίτλο «Το πρόγραμμα Δημοσιονομικής acquisition of knowledge starts with the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term Σταθεροποίησης στην Ελλάδα», εκπονήθηκε στο πλαίσιο 1 (andτων Based, therefore, onΔήμων this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the του term urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Μεταπτυχιακού Προγράμματος Σπουδών «Εφηρμοσμένων Οικονομικών gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various και Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης» του Παντείου Πανεπιστημίου (2015 – Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, 2016, Τμήμα Οικονομικής και Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης). Η εν λόγω ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However “change”, regardless εργασία πραγματοποιήθηκε υπόresults την επίβλεψη του Καθηγητή Ι.of whatever other has, risingthis of land prices (andκ.the whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the ΨΥΧΑΡΗrelative και μέλη της Επιτροπής την κ. Β. ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ και τον κ. Χρ. ΛΑΔΙΑ, potential speculation). potential relative speculation). Επίκουρους Καθηγητές και βαθμολογήθηκε της The term gentrification is found at first in the UK inμε earlyάριστα, 1960s andλόγω it refers to The term gentrification found atβιβλιογραφικών first in the UK in early 1960s andκαι itareas refers the then observed trendπλούσιων ofiswealthy people to buy property in poor ofto αρτιότητάς της, των αναφορών, των the then observed trend of wealthy people buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stayτης themselves and thus old residents areof πρωτότυπων στοιχείων έρευνάςsometimes της. to there London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Στην εν λόγω εργασία περιγράφονται και αναλύονται από την being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description this phenomenon in the work of Sociologist Ruth συγγραφέα οι of κατευθύνσεις και isοιincluded πολιτικές που εφαρμόστηκαν την A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major τελευταία περίοδο στη χώρα μας για τη δημοσιονομική σταθεροποίηση GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. των Ο.Τ.Α. α΄ βαθμού. Μιαby σειρά στο νομοθετικό πλαίσιο cities in Western countries, otherμεταρρυθμίσεων Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more εφαρμόστηκε τη διαδικασία του δημοσιονομικού εξορθολογισμού Since then,κατά the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from της χώρας μας, με ιδιαίτερη έμφαση στην κατάρτιση ρεαλιστικών και comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: ισοσκελισμένων προϋπολογισμών από τους δήμους, μέσω της interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups προτυποποίησης των διαδικασιών κατάρτισης αυτών. Η θεσμοθετημένη to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money πλέον παρακολούθησης και επεξεργασίας and timeπολιτική to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where workτων placeοικονομικών is, lack of the 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS πολιτική wasbetter born in στοιχείων sense of safetyτων at the δήμων, distributedσυνέβαλε residencies αποτελεσματικά outside town centres,στην search for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: εξυγίανσης των οικονομικών τους. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc.where Μέσα στο διεθνές και ευρωπαϊκό πλαίσιο πολιτικών εξυγίανσης, studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she came to back to London, in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 she became teacher in the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and στο οποίο εντάσσεται και η χώρα μας, εφαρμόστηκαν πολιτικές που University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying αφορούσαν στην επιχορήγηση και her work are characterized by a passionληξιπρόθεσμων for justice. See also: υποχρεώσεων COLLINS ENGLISHκαθώς DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of partόσους of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: στην υπαγωγή στο πρόγραμμα εξυγίανσης για Ο.Τ.Α. δεν Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aκατάφεραν variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, να ισοσκελίσουν τους προϋπολογισμούς τους. Το (actually θεσμικό

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

114

πλαίσιο του προγράμματος δημοσιονομικής εξυγίανσης εξετάστηκε εκτενώς και τροποποιήθηκε, προσαρμοζόμενο στη σημερινή πραγματικότητα. Προς την κατεύθυνση αυτή, σημαντικός ήταν ο ρόλος του Παρατηρητηρίου Οικονομικής Αυτοτέλειας των Ο.Τ.Α., του οποίου η θέσπιση απεδείχθη καταλυτική στην υλοποίηση των εφαρμοζόμενων πολιτικών. Στην παρούσα εργασία, επιχειρείται μια αποτίμηση της μεταβολής,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS που έχει επέλθει στηνHarvard οικονομική κατάσταση των δήμων από την University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS εφαρμογή των νέων πολιτικών,By μέσω δεικτών C.που υπολογίστηκαν Architect Student of the School of Architecture σύμφωνα με τα επίσημα στοιχεία του ΥΠ.ΕΣ.Δ.Α. για το σύνολο των δήμων Technical University of Crete της χώρας. Εν συνεχεία, παρατίθεται μελέτη περιπτώσεων δήμων που δεν κατάφεραν να ισοσκελίσουν τους προϋπολογισμούς τους, με αποτέλεσμα 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept τηνANTISTHENIS, υπαγωγή τους approach: στο πρόγραμμα δημοσιονομικής εξυγίανσης.

1.

Introductory the concept (444 the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), Ακολουθεί ηthe εξαγωγή συμπερασμάτων και η αξιολόγηση της ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the αποτελεσματικότητας των εφαρμοζόμενων πολιτικών, καθώς among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. και προτάσεις, που θα συνέβαλαν προςthe αυτήν την ifκατεύθυνση. acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, Η συγκεκριμένη μελέτη περιλαμβάνει αρχικά το area Κεφάλαιο 1,the με term τις gentrification) is of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification γενικές αρχές των οικονομικών της τοπικής το(inθεσμικό Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, theαυτοδιοίκησης, removal from this, various Sociology as well), as the of aπερί city area, the fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and theremoval placement τους πλαίσιο και τις“refining” οδηγίες κατάρτισης ρεαλιστικών και ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of artπροϋπολογισμών. galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of ισοσκελισμένων the operation ofconsequences art galleries, However this regardless whatever has, results also rising of “change”, landδημοσιονομικής prices (and theof Η other χώρα μας, έπειταrestaurants, από μια etc. δύσκολη περίοδο whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative προσαρμογής, έχει εισέλθει σε φάση σταθεροποίησης της διεθνούς θέσης potential relative speculation). term gentrification is found atτης. firstΣτη in the UK in early and it refers to καιThe των δημόσιων οικονομικών διάρκεια των1960s τελευταίων ετών The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor και στο observed πλαίσιοtrend τήρησης τουpeople Μεσοπρόθεσμου Προγράμματος the then wealthy to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof Δημοσιονομικής Σταθερότητας, η οικονομική πολιτική που ακολουθήθηκε, London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. είχε στόχο τη δημοσιονομική εξυγίανση και προσαρμογή, τόσο σε εθνικό, being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth όσο Aκαι επίπεδο. τη description ofperiod, this phenomenon is σημαντικών included inwere theπρωτοβουλιών work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS atσε theτοπικό same whileΜέσω similar situations recorded in otherγια major θέσπιση δημοσιονομικών κανόνων και εποπτικών πρακτικών για τους GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities inτοπικής Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. φορείς αυτοδιοίκησης, επιτεύχθηκαν σημαντικά Since then, the issue has several scholarsαποτελέσματα. and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its των more Σημαντικές παρεμβάσεις προσανατολίστηκαν στην εξυγίανση comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various οικονομικών of των Ο.Τ.Α. α΄ βαθμού. Με τη μητρώων interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, the δημιουργία following: interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend ofστοιχείων a new social groups δεσμεύσεων γιαof την υποβολή οικονομικών στηνofηλεκτρονική to “return” the city,βελτιώθηκε leaving the purlieus for several reasons: costs in money πύλη του toΓ.Λ.Κ., η παρακολούθηση τηςhigh εκτέλεσης των and time to travel from the purlieus downtown, where work place is, lack of the προϋπολογισμών των Ο.Τ.Α. to ώστε να εξοικονομηθούν σημαντικές 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies town centres, δαπάνες. Παράλληλα, βελτιώθηκε τοoutside νομοθετικό πλαίσιο για την Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,των (possibly) παρακολούθηση τηςThe πορείας εκτέλεσης των Προϋπολογισμών Ο.Τ.Α.for Youth Unemployment. same year she left Germany and after continuous movements lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back toτους London, και υπήρξε πρόβλεψη υποχρεωτικής αναμόρφωσής τους από ίδιους in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and σε περίπτωση ώστε να her μηνsocial καταστούν ελλειμματικοί.

University College ofαποκλίσεων, London, where she continued research. brokers Her public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice.δημοσιονομικής See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Αναμορφώθηκε το θεσμικό πλαίσιο διαχείρισης και and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: εποπτείας με την εισαγωγή του κανόνα ισοσκελισμένου προϋπολογισμού G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Γενικής Κυβέρνησης, έτσι ώστε η διαδικασία κατάρτισης και εκτέλεσής

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification του προϋπολογισμού των Ο.Τ.Α. να εναρμονιστεί πλήρως προς την επίτευξη ρεαλιστικών και ισοσκελισμένων προϋπολογισμών, με θέσπιση Concerns

κυρώσεων σε περίπτωση μη συμμόρφωσης. Θεσπίστηκαν τριμηνιαίοι στόχοι των Ο.Τ.Α. από το εποπτεύον Υπουργείο Εσωτερικών και Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Διοικητικής Ανασυγκρότησης, τωνByοποίων η στενή παρακολούθηση μαζί Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, με την έγκαιρη λήψη διορθωτικών μέτρων σε περίπτωση αποκλίσεων,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect συνέβαλαν την ορθή εκτέλεση των προϋπολογισμών τους.

Student of the School of Architecture Στο Κεφάλαιο 2, παρατίθεται η πολιτική Technical οικονομικής εξυγίανσης University of Crete των δήμων με παραδείγματα από το διεθνή και ευρωπαϊκό χώρο και 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept που ισχύει σήμερα στη ιδιαίτερη αναφορά στο πρόγραμμα εξυγίανσης 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek χώρα μας. Στο the πλαίσιο αυτό, philosopher, συντελέστηκε η εξόφληση των ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us,Ο.Τ.Α., he established a great the ληξιπρόθεσμων υποχρεώσεων των το οποίο συνέβαλε στην τόνωση among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. της ρευστότητας της οικονομίας καιof the στην εξυγίανση των acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term προϋπολογισμών, ώστε να εξασφαλιστεί μη final, συσσώρευση νέων 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, ηif (in not approach, the term gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 ληξιπρόθεσμων οφειλών μελλοντικά. gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Το Κεφάλαιο 3 παρουσιάζει το θεσμό του Παρατηρητηρίου Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Οικονομικής Αυτοτέλειας, με ιδιαίτερη αναφορά στο θεσμικό ρόλο και ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”,του regardless of την αποτελεσματικότητα των δράσεων του. Δημιουργήθηκε τοof the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the whatever otherspeculation). consequences results also rising land prices (andνα the Παρατηρητήριο Οικονομικήςhas, Αυτοτέλειας των of Ο.Τ.Α. ώστε potential relative potential relative speculation). διασφαλίζεται η ομαλή isεκτέλεση τωνinπροϋπολογισμών των στο The term gentrification found at first the UK in early 1960s andΟ.Τ.Α. it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UKεθνικών in early 1960s and itareas refers πλαίσιο των θεσμοθετημένων δημοσιονομικών μας στόχων, ενώ the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto the then observed trend wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof τέθηκε για πρώτη φορά σε εφαρμογή η there υπαγωγή στο πρόγραμμα London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. δημοσιονομικής εξυγίανσης για όσους Ο.Τ.Α δεν κατάφεραν να επιτύχουν being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description ofπροϋπολογισμούς. this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ισοσκελισμένους A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Στο Κεφάλαιο 4 παρατίθεται η εξέλιξη were στα recorded δημοσιονομικά των GLASS at the same period, while similar situations in other major cities inτης Western countries, other Researchers. Ο.Τ.Α. χώρας κατά τηbyby διάρκεια της τελευταίας τριετίας, μέσω δεικτών cities in Western countries, other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more αξιολόγησης, ενώ στο Κεφάλαιο 5 ακολουθεί η μελέτη περιπτώσεων Ο.Τ.Α.

Since then, the issue has several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from που δεν κατάφεραν να ισοσκελίσουν τους προϋπολογισμούς τους, με comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: αποτέλεσμα την υπαγωγή τους στο πρόγραμμα. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Στο Κεφάλαιο 6, παρατίθενται τα σημαντικότερα συμπεράσματα to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money πουtime προκύπτουν από the τηνpurlieus εν λόγωtoμελέτη, σε συνδυασμό προτάσεις and to travel from downtown, where workμε place is, lack ofπου the θα μπορούσαν να συμβάλουν στη οικονομία καιfor στην 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search Berlin, where she made her firstχρηστής studies. Inδημοσιονομικής 1932 she publishedδιοίκησης study entitled: αποτελεσματικότητα μιας των δήμων. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heartan ofimportant the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Εν ολίγοις, το ξέσπασμα της ελληνικής κρίσης και to ηback παρατεταμένη lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 she teacher in the toακόμα another approach, the is due a systematic and ύφεση έκανε πιο επιτακτική την ανάγκη γιαtobecame την υλοποίηση University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying μεταρρυθμίσεων σε τομείς νευραλγικούς, των οποίων η αποτελεσματική her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for depreciation initially of part the urban web, in λειτουργία θα μπορούσε ναthe συμβάλλει στη μείωση του of δημόσιου χρέους 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aκαι variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually ελλείμματος.

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Όπως υπογραμμίζεται και στην του ΟΟΣΑ , η κρίση GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types ofέκθεση Intervention, λειτούργησε ως καταλύτης για τις διαρθρωτικές μεταρρυθμίσεις, ειδικά Definition, of intervention, για χώρες όπως η Ελλάδα, οι Types οποίες υπέγραψαν συμφωνίες για διεθνή και Concerns of Gentrification ευρωπαϊκή βοήθεια που έθεταν ως προαπαιτούμενο μια σειρά από ριζικές Concerns αλλαγές και στον τρόπο οργάνωσης και λειτουργίας της δημόσιας 1

διοίκησης. Έχοντας ως στόχο την οικονομική ανάπτυξη, την ενίσχυση της απασχόλησης, της ανταγωνιστικότητας τη βελτίωση των επενδύσεων,

By Mr. και George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS η ελληνική πολιτικοδιοικητική καλείται ναSchool προβείofστο σχεδιασμό, Harvard μηχανή University, Graduate Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS συντονισμό, εφαρμογή και παρακολούθηση μιας C. σειράς διαρθρωτικών Architect Student of theτων School of Architecture μεταρρυθμίσεων. Προαπαιτούμενο της βιωσιμότητας διαρθρωτικών Technical University of Crete μεταρρυθμίσεων είναι η αποτελεσματική και λειτουργικά εύρυθμη ελληνική δημόσιαapproach: διοίκηση.Defining the concept 1. Introductory Σύμφωνα με τη μελέτηGreek του Συμβουλίου Ευρωπαϊκών Δήμων 1. Introductory approach: the concept των ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), και Περιφερειών, την οικονομική κατάσταση των δήμων στην ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC,Ελλάδα Athens), among other wise για heritage he left us, he established a great the 2, η χώρα μας είναι ένα από τα μέλη της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης που έχει among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the πληγεί περισσότερο τηνwith οικονομική κρίση και ωςapproach, αποτέλεσμα, οι acquisition of knowledge starts theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, onαπό this “principle” a first, if of not final, the term 1 Based, on this “principle” inindicated aχτυπήθηκαν first, if (in notthe final, approach, the την term τοπικές καιtherefore, περιφερειακές αρχές επίσης δριμύτατα από (and urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification κρίση αυτή. Επομένως, παρά το μεταρρυθμιστικό πλαίσιο που ο νόμος του Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of aνέες city area, the from this, of (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and theremoval placement there artists, Καλλικράτη εισήγαγε, δίνοντας αρμοδιότητες στους δήμους, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, However this “change”, regardless of μεταφέροντας νέες λειτουργίες σε etc. τοπικό επίπεδο, θεσπίζοντας μέτρα the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever otherπροϋπολογισμού consequences has, results risingκυβέρνηση, of land prices (and theof μείωσης του από την also κεντρική εντούτοις, whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential επήλθε ηrelative μείωση των χρηματοδοτικών ροών από την κεντρική κυβέρνηση potential relative speculation).

Theτην term gentrification is foundτης at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to προς Τ.Α. , σαν επακόλουθο δημοσιονομικής κρίσης.

The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property poor Οι observed μεταρρυθμίσεις που έλαβα χώρα, σύμφωνα μεininτην ενareas λόγωof the then trend wealthy people to there buy property poor London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are μελέτη, κατευθύνθηκαν την αποκέντρωση οι τοπικές αρχές London, upgrade them, stayπρος themselves sometimes thereκαι and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. βρέθηκαν με περισσότερες αρμοδιότητες, χωρίς ωστόσο να διαθέτουν τα being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth αντίστοιχα μέσα. Ως εκ τούτου, inwere προέκυψε αύξηση των A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included the recorded work ofηSociologist Ruth GLASS at theοικονομικά same while similar in other major δαπανών με παράλληλα μέτρα λιτότητας και χαμηλότερα επίπεδα εσόδων GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. και δαπανών τοπικό επίπεδο. Ειδικότερα, γιαscholars τα έσοδαand των οι Since then,σε the issue has several forδήμων, its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more ελλιπείς υποδομές , η υποστελέχωση, η κακή οργάνωση των the δημοτικών comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from various υπηρεσιών, ηofμεγάλη γραφειοκρατία και η the πολυνομία, η the αδυναμία interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, following: interpretations the phenomenon the following: In a sense, των theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, aδιαδικασιών trend of a new category of social groups εφαρμογής νόμιμων, τυπικών βεβαίωσης εσόδων, οι to “return” to the city, the purlieus for several reasons: high in money κακές πρακτικές καιleaving οι χρονοβόρες διαδικασίες άντλησης καιcosts διαχείρισης and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place lack of the στοιχείων και δεδομένων από άλλες υπηρεσίες , οδηγούν σεis,σημαντική 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the outside town centres, απώλεια αυτών καιdistributed σε χαμηλήresidencies εισπραξιμότητα.

Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, 1 (2012), Economic Policy Reforms 2012 for growth, Greecein According 1943 OECD she published studies regarding city planning.

In – 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon isGoing due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and country note, February 2012, by p.

27-28. long-term informal effort organized groups, manufacturers, of buying 2 are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. her work http://www.ccre.org/en/actualites/view/3079 -[Councilofofpart European Municipalities and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA:of The Free Encyclopedia: and Regions – CEMR (www.ccre.org)] G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

116

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Παράλληλα, τα φαινομένων κακοδιοίκησης και μη τήρησης των Concerns νόμιμων διαδικασιών, η επικράτηση της βούλησης του επικεφαλής

αιρετού οδηγούν νομοτελειακά στην αναποτελεσματικότητα και στην ελλιπή άσκηση αρμοδιοτήτων του φορέα. Παρόλα αυτά, την περίοδο

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS 2011-2015 διαπιστώθηκε ότι University, με την Graduate πολιτική School προτυποποίησης των Harvard of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS διαδικασιών κατάρτισης προϋπολογισμού, μέσα C. από τον έλεγχο των Architect Student the School of Architecture ποσών εσόδων που μπορούν να εγγραφούν σε of αυτόν, αποφεύχθηκε η Technical University of Crete υπερεκτίμηση εσόδων από τους Ο.Τ.Α.. Η πολιτικής της προτυποποίησης τροφοδοτήθηκε από the τις concept εκροές της πολιτικής συλλογής, 1. Introductory καθοριστικά approach: Defining παρακολούθησης και επεξεργασίας των οικονομικών στοιχείων. Ως 1. Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), αποτέλεσμα, θωρακίστηκε θεσμικό πλαίσιο κατάρτισης τουλάχιστον ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage heτοleft us, he established a great the ισοσκελισμένων προϋπολογισμών. Καταλυτικός προς αυτήν among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. την κατεύθυνση ο starts ρόλος Διεύθυνσης Οικονομικών Τοπικής acquisition of υπήρξε knowledge withτης theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and Based, therefore, onΥΠ.ΕΣ.Δ.Α., this “principle” inindicated a first,υποστηρίζει if (in notthe final, approach, the term Αυτοδιοίκησης του η οποία διοικητικά το urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Παρατηρητήριο Οικονομικής Αυτοτέλειας των Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, theΟ.Τ.Α.. removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of aμε city fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), ofΣυμπερασματικά, social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement σύμφωνα ταarea, στοιχεία που παρατίθενται στη ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of εργασία, art galleries, restaurants, etc. this “change”, regardless of συγκεκριμένη παρατηρείται η However αύξηση του χρέους της Τοπικής the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However whatever other has, results rising of “change”, land prices (and theof Αυτοδιοίκησης, κατά ένα όμως μικρό ποσοστό του this συνόλου τουregardless δημόσιου whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative χρέους. Η Τοπική Αυτοδιοίκηση μείωσε τις δαπάνες της, σε ποσοστό potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refersθα to μεγαλύτερο από εκείνο του συνόλου των δαπανών της χώρας. Ωστόσο, The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor πρέπει ναobserved σημειωθεί ότι wealthy ενδεχομένως περικοπές ότανof the then trend peopleοιto οριζόντιες buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are συντελούνται, ναthem, γεννούν αδικίες. Με τη θέσπιση τωνthus δημοσιονομικών London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes there and old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. κανόνων των “squeezed”. τελευταίων ετών, σχετικά με αναγκαιότητα της being indirectly A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth δημοσιονομικής εξυγίανσης Ο.Τ.Α., καταλήγουμε δεν θα A description of this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work στο of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, whileτων similar inότι other major έπρεπε να λειτουργεί τιμωρητικά προς τους φορείς, ταυτόχρονα όμως να GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. μην αίρεται και η ανάγκη παρεμβατισμού. Οι νομοθετικές πρωτοβουλίες, Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several scholars and for various its more θα πρέπει να αναλαμβάνονται, στο πλαίσιο της οικονομικής ενδυνάμωσης comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various των Ο.Τ.Α. καιofπρος την κατεύθυνση της αυτοτέλειάς τους, χωρίς ωστόσο interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations theήphenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend ofοι a new ofκίνδυνοι social groups να παραβλέπονται τυχόν υποβαθμίζονται ενδεχόμενοι που to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money λειτουργούν ανασχετικά. and timeΕν to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place of the κατακλείδι, η συγγραφέας συμπεραίνει πως is,ηlack Τοπική 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Αυτοδιοίκηση καλείται να πληρώσει ένα τίμημα για τη γενικότερη Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health,κατάσταση education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) δημοσιονομική τηςsheχώρας, ενώ κατέστη πιο εξαρτημένη Youth Unemployment.

The same year left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London New York she came back to London, δεδομένης της οικονομικής κρίσης καιand περισσότερο ελεγχόμενης από το in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and κράτος. οι πολιτικές λιτότητας, δενresearch. είναι Her πανάκεια στην UniversityΕπομένως, College of London, where she continued her social public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. οικονομική κρίση. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

117 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS + Του Μιχαήλ ΓΚΙΟΚΑ* Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth* Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Ευγνώμων αναφορά εκ τουfrom τεύχους 15/1999. Εκ των Πρωτεργατών της ανά lower living cost of, “withdrawal” private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, χείρας Εκλεκτός Ευπατρίδης και Φίλος. Θιασώτης Ιδιωτικής in According 1943έκδοσης. she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 sheτης teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due tobecame aυγιούς systematic and University informal CollegeΤα of London, where she continued social research.

Her public and Πρωτοβουλίας. άρθρα του διεκρίνοντο γιαher το καλλιεπές τουbrokers ύφους, την πλήρη long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH η DICTIONARY. τεκμηρίωση την etc., συνεκτικότητα λόγου. Απεβίωσε 29 Αυγούστου and selling realκαι estate, for theCodepreciation initially of part την of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd.του London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a2016. variety of ways, inΟικείους order Abstract. toεκφράζονται achieve the και “assisted”, Προς τους από την“voluntary”, θέση αυτή (actually ειλικρινή συλλυπητήρια.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Συνέδριο ΙΑΤΡΙΚΟΥ ΠΑΦΟΥ GENTRIFICATION Definition, TypesΣΥΛΛΟΓΟΥ of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Εισήγηση Concerns Ελληνική Μυθολογία, Γλώσσα και Ιατρική: Σχέσεις στοργής

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, GraduateΓΕ.

School of Design, Student, Του κ. Κωνστ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Καθηγητού Σχολ. Νομικών και ΚοινωνικώνArchitect Επιστ.

Student of the School of Architecture Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος, Technical University of Crete

Καθηγητού Επισκ. Μετ. Προγρ. Σπ. Πανεπ. Αθηνών,

1. Introductory approach: DefiningΟμοτ. the concept Καθηγητού ΠΑΝΤΕΙΟΥ Π.Κ.Π.Ε., 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept Ch. L.philosopher, U. L. Bruxelles, Ex. -Int. Paris ANTISTHENIS, the ancientEx Greek (444 BC 370I.I.A.P., BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the amongΑξιότιμε other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Κύριε Πρόεδρε, acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term Εκλεκτοί παριστάμενοι, 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification Χάριτι1 (and Θεία, έχον την τιμή να απευθύνομαι προς ένα gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various επικινδυνώδες και εκλεκτό ακροατήριο, όπως το ιδικό Σας, και Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ευχαριστώ ευγνωμόνως τους Οργανωτές για την τιμή, ναartists, με ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless συμπεριλάβουν στην Ομάδα των Εισηγητών. whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has,όπως resultsη also of land (and the Εκτιμώ, ότι εκδηλώσεις εν rising εξελίξει, είναιprices ιδιάζουσας potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found first in the UKτην in early 1960s and it refers to σημασίας, διότι αφ’ ενός μενat επιτρέπουν διάχυση πολύτιμων The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor πληροφοριών και αφ’ ετέρου αποτελούν την αφετηρία δημιουργικών the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof προβληματισμών.

London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Το θέμα“squeezed”. της Εισήγησής μου είναι: Μυθολογία, Γλώσσα και being indirectly A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Ιατρική: Σχέσεις και similar σπεύδω να απολογηθώ, διότι λόγωmajor της A description ofστοργής this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while in other υφής του και ελλείψει χρόνου, ο λόγος θα είναι βραχύς και GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. αποσπασματικός.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andτου for various itsΘεού more Όπως ίσως γνωρίζετε, ΑΣΚΛΗΠΙΟΣ, υιός comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being οsummarized from the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: ή ΑΙΓΛΗΣ, ΑΠΟΛΛΩΝΟΣ ofκαι της εκπάγλου καλλονής ΚΟΡΩΝΙΔΑΣ, interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new social groups θυγατέρας του ΦΛΕΓΙΟΥ και της ΚΛΕΟΦΗΜΗΣ, (κόρηςofτης Μούσας to “return” toετέχθη the city,υπό leaving the purlieus for several συνθήκες reasons: high in money ΕΡΑΤΟΥΣ), άκρως περιπετειώδεις καιcosts έζησε κατά and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the ο π.Χ. τον 1.

13Theαιώνα termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense of safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Τούτο διότι η ΚΟΡΩΝΙΣ, καίτοι έφερε στα σπλάχνα της τον Berlin, where sheδε, made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and ΘΕΟ, after continuous καρπόν του έρωτός της με τον πτερωτό τον ΑΠΟΛΛΩΝΑ, lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, απεφάσισε να τελέσει γάμο μεthe τον ΙΣΧΥΝ, Inκαταγόμενο εξ teacher Αρκαδίας in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

1950 sheto became in the to another approach, is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and κατά τον informal ΠΙΝΔΑΡΟΝ ή by εκ ΛΑΓΗΘΟΥ, κατά τον ΗΣΙΟΔΟΝ. long-term effort organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in Ο Wil. πάλευκος αγγελιοφόρος του ΑΠΟΛΛΩΝΟΣ ΚΟΡΑΞ, 10th edit.

COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. wetzel/gentry.htm aπληροφοριοθείς variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, την επιλογή τηςhttp://www.uncanny.net/ ΚΟΡΩΝΙΔΟΣ, ενημέρωσε τον (actually ΘΕΟΝ, ο

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

οποίος, αντί ευχαριστιών, καταράσθηκε τον ΚΟΡΑΚΑ, και το πτέρωμά του έγινε έκτοτε κατάμαυρο. Εκ παραλλήλου η ΑΡΤΕΜΙΣ, δίδυμη αδερφή του ΑΠΟΛΛΩΝΟΣ, ετόξευσε θανασίμως την ΚΟΡΩΝΙΔΑ. Καθ’ ον χρόνον το πτώμα της ΚΟΡΩΝΙΔΟΣ παρεδίδετο στις φλόγες, παρενέβη ο ΑΠΟΛΛΩΝ, απέσπασε από τα σπλάχνα της άπιστης

By Mr.ενδημούντα George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS το τέκνον του, και το παρέδωσε στον στο Πήλιο Κένταυρο Harvard University, Graduate School of Design,πώς Student, ΧΕΙΡΩΝΑ, ο οποίος ανέθρεψε και εδίδαξε στον ΑΣΚΛΗΠΙΟ, να

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect θεραπεύει τα νοσήματα και να διατηρεί Student σε καλήofκατάσταση την υγεία the School of Architecture των Ανθρώπων.

Technical University of Crete Κατά ωρισμένες αναφορές, όπως εκείνες του ΟΜΗΡΟΥ και του 1.

Introductory approach:δεν Defining the concept ΗΣΙΟΔΟΥ, ο ΑΣΚΛΗΠΙΟΣ εθεωρείτο ως Θεός, ως στερούμενος της 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek θείας ιδιότητας τηςthe Αθανασίας, ενώphilosopher, κατ’ άλλους, (ΠΙΝΔΑΡΟΣ, ΠΛΑΤΩΝ, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise he left us, he established aθεός great the ΞΕΝΟΦΩΝ), ο heritage ΑΣΚΛΗΠΙΟΣ εθεωρείτο ως (444 της Ιατρικής, among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. λατρευόμενος σε ολόκληρη την the Ελλάδα, και πέραν αυτής, εν Ρώμη, acquisition of knowledge starts with the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term Κηρυναϊκή, Λιβύη, Περγάμω και αλλαχού.

1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Τα συνηθέστερα σύμβολα του ΑΣΚΛΗΠΙΟΥ ήταν ο(inόφις, η gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal this, various ράβδος, τοasκύπελλο, (η κύαθος) και ο κύων.

Sociology well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Συνοδοί του ήταν συνήθως η ΗΠΙΟΝΗ και η ΥΓΕΙΑ, αλλά και η the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has, results rising ο of land prices (and the ΙΑΣΩ, η other ΠΑΝΑΚΕΙΑ, η ΑΙΓΛΗ, η also ΑΚΕΣΩ, ΤΕΛΕΣΦΟΡΟΣ, οof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). επονομαζόμενος και «Δαίμων αγαθός της αναρρώσεως».

potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor ΥΜΝΟΣ ΠΡΟΣ ΘΕΑΝ ΥΓΕΙΑΝ the then observed trend wealthyΤΗΝ people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ος αιώνας π.Χ. Του Ποιητού ΑΡΙΦΝΟΝΟΣ,is εκ Σικυώνος, being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon included in the5work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Κείμενον cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Υγεία, μεγίστη των μακαρίωνTypes Θεών, Definition, of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification είθε μετά σου να περάσω το υπόλοιπον του βίου μου, είθε σύ να μου είσαι πρόθυμος σύντροφος.

Concerns Ερμηνεία

διότι εάν ευχαρίστησίς τις πλούτου ή τέκνων ή της ισοθέου βασιλικής εξουσίας για τους

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ανθρώπους ή (απόλαυσις) πόθον Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, τους οποίους κυνηγούμεν με τα κρυφά της Αφροδίτης,

By Mr.δίκτυα George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture ή εάν κάποια άλλη απόλαυσις από τους θεούς Technical University of Crete στους ανθρώπους ή πόνων πνοή (στεναγμός) έχουν φανερωθή, με 1. σένα, μακαρία approach: Υγεία, Defining the concept Introductory όλαANTISTHENIS, ανθίζουν (ακμάζουν) καιDefining ακτινοβολεί το άσμα των 1.

Introductory approach: the concept the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCΧαρίτων.

- 370 BC, Athens), Χωρίς εσένα δε ουδείς είναι ευτυχής.

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the

among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Ο therefore, ΠΛΟΥΤΑΡΧΟΣ περιγράφει την θεραπευτική ικανότητα του Based, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification ΑΣΚΛΗΠΙΟΥ 1ως αποτελεσματική επί τραυμάτων, πυρετών, αλγηδόνων gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various και υποστηριζομένη με χειρουργικά μέσα, επωδούς, φάρμακα, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, επιθέματα εκ βοτάνων. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of Κατά ofτον ΑΠΟΛΛΟΔΩΡΟ, ο However ΑΣΚΛΗΠΙΟΣ μεταξύ άλλων the operation art galleries, restaurants, etc. this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof χρησιμοποιεί τις θεραπείες του,also καιrising το ofαίμα whatever otherκατά consequences has, results land της pricesΝύμφης (and the potential relative speculation). ΓΟΡΓΟΥΣ, το οποίο του παρέδωσε η θεά ΑΘΗΝΑ. potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to TheΜεταξύ term gentrification found atpeople firstκαι in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers των τόπων λατρείας ίασης του ΑΣΚΛΗΠΙΟΥ, ως of οto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas αρχαιότερος θεωρείται Θεσσαλική ΤΡΙΚΚΑ, ενώ ωςthus πλέον περίφημο London, upgrade them, stayηof themselves and old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves being indirectly “squeezed”. ΑΣΚΛΗΠΙΕΙΟΝ, το κείμενο παρά τηνsometimes Επίδαυρο.there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Η λατρεία του phenomenon ΑΣΚΛΗΠΙΟΥisδιατηρείται ευλαβικώς περισσότερο A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major από οκτώ αιώνες, οπότε και υποσκελίζεται από inτην άλλη GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. προσωπικότητα, τον Κώο θεωρούμενο πλέον ως Πατέρα cities in Western countries, byΙΠΠΟΚΡΑΤΗ, other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more της Since Ιατρικής Επιστήμης. then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from Ας περάσουμε τώρα από την αχλύ του μύθου, στην αναφορά comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: καταγεγραμμένων πηγώνis due λόγου, με ofιδιαίτερη μνεία σε groups δύο In a sense, theof phenomenon togentrification, a trend a new of social σημαίνουσες προσωπικότητες του Ιατρικού κόσμου, εκείνες του to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel και fromτου the ΓΑΛΗΝΟΥ. purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the ΙΠΠΟΚΡΑΤΟΥΣ term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASSΕλλήνων wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety atcomes the distributed outside town for Ο ΙΠΠΟΚΡΑΤΗΣ, ο residencies επιφανέστερος τωνcentres, αρχαίων Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services ofετέχθη health,εν education, entertainment “at έτους the heart the city”, (possibly)for Ιατρών, Κω, κατά Απρίλιον του 460of π.Χ. και movements απεβίωσε Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and90 research in Geneva, Londonεν andΛαρίση.

New York she came back to London, σε ηλικία ή κατ’ άλλουςPrague, 104 ετών, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Ήτο υιόςofτου Ασκληπιάδου ΗΡΑΚΛΕΙΔΟΥ και τηςbrokers ΦΑΙΝΑΡΕΤΗΣ, University College London, where she continued her social research.

Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying ος by her work are characterized a passion for justice.

See του also: ΑΣΚΛΗΠΙΟΥ, COLLINS ENGLISH κατά σειρά εγγονός εκDICTIONARY. Πατρός, εφέρετο δε ως ο 18etc., and selling real estate, for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ος και ως 20 του ΗΡΑΚΛΕΟΥΣ, εκ Μητρός.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Απεκλήθη μέγας καιTypes πατήρ της of Ιατρικής Επιστήμης.

GENTRIFICATION Definition, Intervention, Αρχικώς εγένετο μαθητής του ιατρού Πατρός του αλλά και Types of intervention, Concerns of ρητορικής Gentrification άλλων Definition, Κώων, όπως για θέματα του ΓΟΡΓΙΟΥ ΛΕΟΝΤΙΝΟΥ και για θέματα Φιλοσοφίας του ΔΗΜΟΚΡΙΤΟΥ, ενώ αργότερα Concerns επεσκέφθη επί σκοπώ περαιτέρω επιμόρφωσης, πλείστες όσες χώρες,

126

όπως την Σκυθία, την Θράκη, την Θάσο, την Θεσσαλία, όπου και

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS απέθανε.

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, ταχέως Student, Μη φιλάργυρος, εργατικός και σεμνός, κατέστη

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect διάσημος και κατέλειπε 57 συγγράμματα αξιοποιηθέντα επί πολλούς Student of the School of Architecture αιώνες, ταξινομούμενα ως εξής: Technical University of Crete - Γενικά, 8, μεταξύ των οποίων το ονομαστότερον σύγγραμμα 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept υπό τον τίτλο «Αφορισμοί», το οποίο αρχίζει με την περίφημη φράση: 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ancient philosopher, «ο ANTISTHENIS, μεν βίος βραχύς,the η δε τέχνηGreek μακρά».

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he a great the - Ανατομικά και Φυσιολογικά, 7.established(444 among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts.

- Διαιτητικά, 3. starts with the definition of the content of concepts. acquisition of knowledge Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term - Παθολογικά, 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on6.this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Προγνωστικά, 3.gentrification) gentrification (and urban indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Έργα ειδικής νοσολογίας, 5.

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, -ofΘεραπευτικά, 2. restaurants, the operation of art galleries, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof - Χειρουργικά, 8. whatever otherspeculation). consequences potential relative - Οφθαλμολογικά, 1. has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first - Μαιευτικά, Γυναικολογικά, 7.in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor - Παιδιατρικά, 1. the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof - Διάφορα, 4. stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are London, upgrade them, being indirectly “squeezed”. Ο κατά “squeezed”. πολύ του, οinΓΑΛΗΝΟΣ μ.Χ. – Ruth 210 being indirectly A description of this μεταγενέστερός phenomenon is included the work of(131 Sociologist μ.Χ.), εγεννήθη στην της Μυσίας ως υιός A Έλλην, description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same whileΠέργαμο similar inσπουδαίου other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major ανδρός, του αρχιτέκτονος και Researchers. αστρονόμου ΝΙΚΩΝΟΣ, ο οποίος τον cities in Western countries, by other cities in Western countries, by17 other Researchers.

Since then, σε the issue preoccupied scholarsεκandπαραλλήλου for its more παρεκίνησε ηλικίαhas ετών ναseveral σπουδάσει Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the Φιλοσοφία και Ιατρική. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of theπρώτων phenomenon of gentrification, following: Εκ των Διδασκάλων του theείναι ο οπαδός της interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a ΣΤΡΑΤΟΝΙΚΟΣ trend of a new groups Ιπποκρατικής ιατρικής ΣΑΤΥΡΟΣ και of ο social ΑΙΣΧΡΙΩΝ, to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money ανήκων στην «αίρεση» του Εμπειρισμού, μετέπειτα δε εν Αλεξανδρεία ο and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the διάσημος ιατρός ΗΡΟΦΙΛΟΣ, Έλλην εκ Χαλκηδόνος, θεραπευτής καιin 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS for wasbetter born sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, search Berlin, where she madeείχε her first studies. Inμαθητής 1932 she published an important study entitled: Χειρουργός, όστις διατελέσει του πατρός της ανατομικής services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for ΠΡΑΞΑΓΟΡΑ και συνεχιστής τουand έργου τουshe ΙΠΠΟΚΡΑΤΟΥΣ. lower living costεκof,Κω “withdrawal” from private car access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London Neweasier York came to back to London, in According 1943Ο she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.σε In 1950 sheto became teacher in the ΓΑΛΗΝΟΣ έζησε κατά the περιόδους διάφορες Ρώμη to another approach, is due a πόλεις, systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying κ.ά., επί σκοπώ εμπλουτισμού των ιατρικών γνώσεών του, μέχρι του her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: έτους 167 μ.Χ., οπότε επέστρεψε στην Πέργαμο.

G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order ιδιαιτέρως to achieve the (actually Ειχε ασχοληθεί με“assisted”, θέματα “voluntary”, ιατρικής ορολογίας,

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

αναφερόμενος δε στην δημιουργία ιατρικών όρων σημειώνει, ότι «νόμος εστί κοινός άπασι της Ελλησιν, ων μεν αν έχωμεν ονόματα πραγμάτων παρά τοις πρεσβυτέροις ειρημένα, χρήσθαι ταύτα. Ων δε ουκ έχομεν, ήτοι μεταφέρειν από τινός ων έχομεν, ή ποιείν αυτοίς κατά αναλογίαν τινά προς τα κατωνομασμένα των πραγμάτων, ή και καταχρήσθαι τοις αφ’ ετέρων κειμένοις».

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Πολλοί ιατρικοί όροι επινοηθέντες ή καταγραφέντες υπό του Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, ΓΑΛΗΝΟΥ, ευρίσκονται εν χρήσει και σήμερον.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Υπενθυμίζεται, ότι κατά ΓΑΛΗΝΟΝ, το όνομα σε παθήσεις Student of the School of Architecture δίδεται: Technical University of Crete - Είτε από το όργανο, το οποίο υπέστη βλάβη, π.χ. πλευρίτις, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept αρθρίτις, οφθαλμία, 1.

Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, - Είτε από το σύμπτωμα, ειλεός, σπασμός, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the - Είτε από ομοιότητα προς άλλο τι, καρκίνος, πολύπους, among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. σταφυλή, πριαπισμός. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Δενtherefore, αναφέρω άλλους όρους, ελλείψει χρόνου, αλλά 1 (and urban Based, on εδώ this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, theέχω term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 στην διάθεση των ενδιαφερομένων πολλά σχετικά στοιχεία. gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Κυρίες και κύριοι, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, Έχουν αναφερθεί ήδη ενδεικτικώς, οι τρεις there κυριώτερες the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising (and theof αφετηρίες επινόησης ιατρικών όρων, διότιof land κατάprices ΓΑΛΗΝΟΝ, whatever otherπράγματος consequences results rising of land (and the potential relative speculation). «καθ’εκάστου ενhas, όνομα, ίναalso μήτε παρά τηνprices ομωνυμίαν potential relative speculation).

The term is found at first in the UK in early 1960s it refers to ασάφεια τιςgentrification γένειται και σοφίσματα συνίστηται κατά τονand λόγον, μήτε The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor παραλείπηται τι πράγμα». the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof Έτσι, σπεύδω να themselves αναφέρω,sometimes ότι τα ονόματα τωνoldΕπιστημών London, upgrade them, stay there and thus residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. δηλώνονται με“squeezed”. όρους προερχομένους Ελληνική being indirectly A description of this phenomenon is includedαπό in theτην workαρχαία of Sociologist Ruth γλώσσα, όπως αρχαιολογία, αρχιτεκτονική, βιολογία, λογική, A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work ofηθική, Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major μουσική, χημεία, ψυχολογία κ.ά.Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other cities inΗWestern countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars andαποτελούσα for its more Ελληνική γλώσσα αξιοποιείται έτι περαιτέρω, Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from την βάση δημιουργίας και όρων εντός εκάστης Επιστήμης,the οι various οποίοι comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon μάλιστα υιοθετούνται διεθνώς. of gentrification, the following: interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Αναφέρονται όλως ενδεικτικώς: to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Διάγνωση, θεραπεία, ανατομία, γεροντολογία, δερματολογία, and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the γυναικολογία, καρδιολογία, χειρουργική, ψυχιατρική, γαστρίτιδα, 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: έκζεμα, κυάννωση, μικρόβιο, νεύρωση, παράλυση, τέτανος, services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for χημειοθεραπεία, αορτή, ογκολογία, θώραξ, προστάτης, lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private car access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London andγλωτίδα, Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the σκελετός, υπόφυση, φάρυγκξ, κυνικός, νεκρόφιλος, παιδόφιλος, to another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying ερωτισμός, πανικός, μορφίνη, θερμόμετρο, μικροσκόπιο. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Όπως γνωρίζετε, το λεξιλόγιο κάθε ζωντανής Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. wetzel/gentry.htm aγλώσσας variety of ways, in orderαπό to achieve the “assisted”, (actually συγκροτείται επί http://www.uncanny.net/ μέρους μονάδες, “voluntary”, 127 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

128

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Στο μέσο ο Κωνσταντίνος Αθανασόπουλος Διευθυντής Δημοτικού Σχολείου Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and με Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated aτου first, if (in not final, approach, the term άλλους συναδέλφους (φωτ.

1931). urban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ΣΥΝΤΑΚΤΗΣ ΤΩΝ ΣΥΝΤΑΓΩΝ Sociology as well), as the “refining” a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ΚΩΝ/ΝΟΣ Ι.of ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences results also land prices (and theof απροσδιορίστου αριθμού,has, συνεχώς δε rising λόγωofνέων καταστάσεων whatever otherνέες consequences risingείναι of land pricesβραχείας (and the potential relative speculation). «παράγονται» λέξεις, η has, τύχηresults των also οποίων άλλοτε potential relative speculation).

Theκαι term gentrification ζωής άλλοτε μακράς.is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofεδώ to buy property in poor Καιobserved σημειώνεται με έμφαση και σήμερα, ηareas αρχαία the then trend wealthy peopleότι to ακόμη buy property in poor London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof ελληνική γλώσσα, συμβάλλει ουσιωδώς στην there δημιουργία London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thusεπιστημονικών old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. όρων (μέσω επιθημάτων), π.χ., στον χώρο της Ιατρικής: ιτις, being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of επίθημη: Sociologist- Ruth .

–ωμα: ιτιδα: αρθρίτης, γαστρίτις, κυστίτις, πολυμυελίτις A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work ofεπίθημα Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major αιμάτωμα, καρκίνωμα, σάρκωμα κ.λ. cities in Western countries,μελάνωμα, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from Κυρίες και Κύριοι, comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of ένα the phenomenon gentrification, the following: Ασκείτε των πλέον of ιερών λειτουργημάτων των εν κοινωνία interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups ζώντων ατόμων. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Υπέρ πάσαν άλλην εποχήν είναι αναγκαίο να αναγάγετε σε and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the ύψιστη αρετή κατά τηνSociologist ενάσκησή του ανθρωποκεντρικές προσεγγίσεις.

1.of The termat comes from Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her first studies. και In 1932 sheαποτελείτε published an important study entitled: Οι καιροί είναι χαλεποί, Σεις μία εκ των πλέον services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for σημαντικών συναισθημάτων ηρεμίας ασφαλείας, σε ένα lower living costπηγών of, in “withdrawal” from private car access to markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and Neweasier York και she came back to London, in According 1943εξόχως she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the κόσμο toεπισφαλή. another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Σας ευχαριστώ για την τιμή της ακρόασης και την ενδεχόμενη her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: αποδοχή των σκέψεών μου.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types ofΑκίνητης Intervention, Αξιοποίηση και Διαχείριση Περιουσίας Εθνικής Τράπεζας Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification

Concerns Της Δρος Βασιλικής ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ,

Επίκ. Καθηγήτρ. Τμήματος Οικονομικής και Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Παντείου Πανεπιστημίου Κ.Π.Ε.

Harvard University, Graduate School ofvdelith@hua.gr Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture και της κυρίαςTechnical Ευανθίας ΜΙΧΑΛΑΚΗ University of Crete

Τελειόφ. Τμήματος Οικονομικής και Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Παντείου Πανεπιστημίου Κ.Π.Ε.

1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, michalakievanthia@gmail.com ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Περίληψη: του παρόντος είναι ναapproach, προβάλει τους 1 (and Σκοπός Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated aάρθρου first, if (in not final, the term urban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 τρόπους με τους οποίους διαχειρίζεται την ακίνητη περιουσία της η gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Εθνική Τράπεζα, σήμερα, και σεremoval περιόδους πριν την Sociology as well), asτόσο the “refining” of a όσο city area, fromthere this, (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe the placement of ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, οικονομική κρίση. Αναλύεται η πολιτική της Τράπεζας σε θέματα, που the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation ofconsequences artπροσανατολισμό galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this regardless whatever other has, results of “change”, land της prices (and theof αφορούν στον και τη rising διαχείριση ακίνητης whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (andκαι the potential relative περιουσίας της,speculation). σε περιόδους πριν την οικονομική ύφεση, όπως potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at firstστις in theεπιπτώσεις UK in early 1960s it refers to σήμερα. Δίνεται ιδιαίτερη έμφαση της and κρίσης στην The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Ελλάδας στον τομέα των πλειστηριασμών προσπάθεια να the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people toτης. buyΓίνεται property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves there and thus old residents areof κατηγοριοποιηθεί η περιουσία της sometimes τράπεζας there με την των London, upgrade them, stay themselves andομαδοποίηση thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ακινήτων που έχει στην κατοχή της μέχρι τις 31/12/2014. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major purpose of this article is to highlight the ways in which cities inThe Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western by other Researchers.

Since then, issue has preoccupied several scholars andand for in itstimes more National Bankthe ofcountries, Greece manages its property, both today Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various before the economic crisis. The Bank's policy is analyzed on matters comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon relating to the orientation andof gentrification, managementthe of following: real estate in times interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of emphasis social groups before the economic downturn, as at present too. Particular is to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money given to the impact of the crisis in Greece in the auction sector. Also, the and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the article attempts todistributed categorize theRuth bank's assets with the thein 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruthgrouping GLASS for wasof born sense safety the residencies outside town centres, search better Berlin, wherein she madepossession her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: properties their until 31/12/2014. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. sheto became teacher in the Λέξεις κλειδιά: Ακίνητα, ΕθνικήIn 1950 Τράπεζα, Περιουσία, to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Πλειστηριασμοί, Διαχείριση her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

132

Εισαγωγή Η Ελλάδα, σαν χώρα, είχε την ιδιαιτερότητα ότι για πολλά χρόνια η ακίνητη περιουσία να μην θεωρείται περιουσιακό στοιχείο που χρησιμοποιούταν ως επενδυτικό (δηλαδή πριν προβεί στην αγορά ενός ακινήτου ο αγοραστής δεν λάμβανε υπόψη το κόστος ευκαιρίας του, ώστε να διαθέσει τα χρήματά του σε μια άλλη επένδυση), αλλά

By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS οικογενειακή περιουσία που μεταβιβαζόταν απόC.την μια γενιά στην Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, άλλη.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Στην ελληνική αγορά ακινήτων από το 2010- Architect 2013 Student of the School of Architecture παρατηρούνται συνεχείς πιέσεις στην μείωση Technical των εμπορικών University αξιών of Crete και στα μισθώματα των οικιστικών και επαγγελματικών ακινήτων. Η 1. Introductory the concept κύρια αιτία πουapproach: οδήγησεDefining σε πτώση την αγορά ακίνητων ήταν η 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, δημιουργία υπερβάλλουσας προσφοράς με ταυτόχρονη μείωση της ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the ζήτησης. Οι κυριότεροι λόγοι, που προκάλεσαν(444 την υποχώρηση στην among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ζήτηση, ήταν η αύξηση της η μείωση τουof διαθεσίμου acquisition of knowledge starts withανεργίας, theindefinition the content concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term εισοδήματος, η αύξηση της“principle” φορολογίας η of αστάθεια 1 (and Based, therefore, on this inindicated a των first, ακινήτων, if (in notthe final, approach, theπου term urban gentrification) is area Planning) (or gentrification 1 επικρατεί στο φορολογικό σύστημα και η περιορισμένη ρευστότητα gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various λόγω των αυξημένων όρων, που πρέπει να τηρούνται προκειμένου να Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement of artists, λάβει ένα φυσικό ή νομικό πρόσωπο τραπεζική χρηματοδότηση. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other συνεχίστηκαν consequences has, also rising of land prices theof Το 2014 μεν results αλλά με μικρότερη ένταση, οι (and πιέσεις whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, also rising of land prices (and the potential relative στις εμπορικές αξίες, τις τιμές καιresults τα μισθώματα των ακινήτων. Από potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is foundτου at first2013 in the UK 1960s and it refers to τους τελευταίους μήνες καιin early μετά διαπιστώθηκε The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor σταθεροποίηση στην αγορά ακινήτων. Όμως προς το τέλος τουareas 2014of the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are λόγω τωνupgrade πολιτικών επέστρεψε στην αρνητική πορεία. Στηare London, them, εξελίξεων stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents being indirectly “squeezed”. διάρκεια του 2015, πιέσεις στις εμπορικές τιμές Ruth και being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of thisοι phenomenon is included in the αξίες, work ofστις Sociologist σταAμισθώματα ανis situations και με μικρότερη σε σχέση description ofσυνεχίστηκαν, this phenomenon included inwere the recorded workένταση of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major με τα προηγούμενα έτη. Στη δυσκολία ανάκαμψης της αγοράς cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, byεκτός other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied scholars and for its more έρχονται να προστεθούν από ταseveral υπάρχοντα προβλήματα (π.χ.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various αυξημένη φορολόγηση ακινήτων) η επιβολή των κεφαλαιακών comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations the δυσμενές phenomenon of gentrification, the following: περιορισμών, ofτο οικονομικό περιβάλλον και η έλλειψη interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups ρευστότητας. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Η αγορά ακινήτων είναι πολύ σημαντική για την νομισματική and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the πολιτική καιatcomes τις distributed οικονομικές εξελίξεις μιας Έχει αρκετές 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for was born in sense safety the residencies outside townχώρας. centres, better Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: ιδιαιτερότητες και έχει σημαντική επίδραση στην χρηματοοικονομική services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for σταθερότητα. Οιin μεταβολές των τιμών των ακινήτων, των ενοικίων lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she came to back to London, in According 1943 published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

1950 sheto became in the και τωνshe επιτοκίων τωνapproach, στεγαστικών δανείωνInεπηρεάζουν τη teacher συνολική to another the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying ζήτηση και τον πληθωρισμό. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

SONS AND Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Τα Wil. ακίνητα χρησιμοποιούνται από2009. τις Τράπεζες ως το κυριότερο Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aμέσο variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, (actually εξασφάλισης έναντι πιστωτικού κινδύνου“voluntary”, για τα στεγαστικά

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

δάνεια και ορισμένα από τα επιχειρηματικά δάνεια. Η μη εξυπηρέτηση των συγκεκριμένων δανείων οδηγεί την Τράπεζα να προχωρεί σε κατασχέσεις. Με αυτόν τον τρόπο εντάσσονται στην ιδιοκτησία τα ακίνητα που έχουν υποθηκευτεί και αυξάνουν την ακίνητη περιουσία της. Για τις τράπεζες όμως είναι προτιμότερο να πουλήσουν τα ακίνητα που κατάσχουν. Έτσι εκδίδουν προγράμματα πλειστηριασμών και George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS πωλούν το ακίνητο σε αυτόν πουBy θαMr. δώσει την μεγαλύτερη πρόσφορα.

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Αυτό γίνεται κατά κύριο λόγο για να αποκτήσει η Τράπεζα την

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect απαραίτητη ρευστότητα για να προχωρήσει σε εξυπηρέτηση των Student of the School of Architecture υποχρεώσεων της και να δώσει καινούρια δάνεια. Η περιουσία της Technical University of Crete Τράπεζας εκτός από κατασχέσεις περιέχει και ιδιοχρησιμοποιούμενα Introductoryακίνητα. approach: Defining the concept και1.επενδυτικά

1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), amongΣυνεργασία other wise heritage left us, he established a great the Εθνικήςhe Τράπεζας και Κράτους(444 among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Η Εθνική Τράπεζαstarts συνεργάζεται με το Κράτος προκειμένου να acquisition of knowledge with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term μισθώνει αυτό (Χαρακτηριστικό παράδειγμα αποτελεί η 1 (and από Based, κτίρια therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 ενοικίαση ενός καταστήματος στην Ρόδο με Διαχειριστή το Ταμείο gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Αρχαιολογικών Πόρων που ανήκει στο Ελληνικό Δημόσιο) ενώ η ίδια Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, αποφεύγει να εκμισθώνει στο Κράτος ακίνητα, που έχει στην κατοχή the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising prices (and theof της καθώς οι διαδικασίες που ακολουθούνται απόofτοland Ελληνικό Κράτος whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (andκαι the potential speculation). για τηνrelative καταβολή των ενοικίων είναι αρκετά χρονοβόρες potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found first inοι theπεριπτώσεις UK in early 1960s refers to γραφειοκρατικές. Για το λόγοatαυτό πουand η itΤράπεζα The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor ενοικιάζει στο δημόσιο είναιwealthy εξαιρετικά περιορισμένες. the then observed trend people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof Οι upgrade συνεργασίες Εθνικής Τράπεζας καιoldΕλληνικού London, them, stayμεταξύ themselves sometimes there and thus residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Δημοσίου δεν περιορίζονται μόνοis σε ενοικιάσεις ακινήτων. Η Εθνική being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Τράπεζα έχειsame πουλήσει στο δημόσιο ακίνητα. συγκεκριμένα, το A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere theΠιο work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the while similar recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major 1993inηWestern Εταιρίαcountries, Ακινήτων Δημοσίου αγόρασε από την Εθνική Τράπεζα cities by other Researchers. cities inτου Western countries, by9.182.000.000 other Researchers.

Since then, the issueτων has preoccupied several scholars and for its more έναντι αντίτιμου δραχμών το Ξενοδοχείο Astir Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Palace που βρίσκεται στην γωνία Βασιλίσσης Σοφίας more και comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon ofότι gentrification, thebelow, following: Πανεπιστημίου (σημειώνεται η εξόφληση της συγκεκριμένης interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, δεν theof phenomenon is dueof toκαθώς a trendσήμερα of a new of social groups συμφωνίας έχει ολοκληρωθεί καταβληθεί οι 23 από to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money τις 29 ετήσιες δόσεις που έχουν συμφωνηθεί). and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Η Εθνική Τράπεζα έχειresidencies επίσης προχωρήσει σε Ruth μίσθωση The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

GLASS πλήρους wasbetter born in sense1.of safety the distributed outside town centres, search for Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: κυριότητας από την Εταιρία Τουριστικών Ακινήτων Δημοσίου (ΕΤΑΔ) services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for της Πλαζ Γλυφάδας έκτασης 290 στρεμμάτων. Στηνto συνέχεια lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.την studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 she teacher της in the υπεκμίσθωσε εταιρία ΝΑΥΣΙΚΑ Α.Ε. για 35 έτη. Μετά το πέρας toστην another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying συμφωνηθέντος περιόδου θα επιστρέψει εξολοκλήρου στην ΕΤΑΔ η her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Πλαζ Γλυφάδας.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Συνεργασία Ο.Τ.Α. και Types Εθνικής Τράπεζας Η Εθνική Τράπεζα είναι επίσης ιδιαίτερα επιφυλακτική στην Concerns σύναψη συμφωνιών με τους Ο.Τ.Α. και έτσι δεν εκμισθώνει στους

Ο.Τ.Α. ακίνητά της.

George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Η αντίστροφη όμως σχέσηBy- Mr. αυτή της μίσθωσης από τους ΟΤΑ Harvard University, Graduate School of Student, ακινήτων - πραγματοποιείται κυρίως στις ΠεριφέρειεςDesign, Βορείου και

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Νοτίου Αιγαίου. Στη Λήμνο για παράδειγμα έχουν πραγματοποιηθεί Student of the School of Architecture δυο ενοικιάσεις. Η πρώτη είναι ένα κατάστημα στο ΔήμοUniversity Μυρινέων και Technical of Crete η δεύτερη είναι ένας χώρος στον όποιο έχει τοποθετηθεί ΑΤΜ. Ενώ 1. Introductory Definingηthe concept στην Περιφέρειαapproach: Νοτίου Αιγαίου Εθνική Τράπεζα έχει νοικιάσει από 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), the ancient Greek philosopher, τονANTISTHENIS, Δήμο Ροδίων κατάστημα στην περιοχή Κρεμαστή Ρόδου.

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among otherτομέα wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Στον των πωλήσεων η Εθνική Τράπεζα πραγματοποιεί among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the πωλήσεις σε Ο.Τ.Α. με starts χαρακτηριστικά παράδειγμα την πώληση ενός acquisition of knowledge with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Νεοκλασικού Διατηρητέου διώροφου κτιρίου 337,53τ.μ. με βοηθητικό 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and έναντι κτίσμα 41,91τ.μ. του αντιτίμου των 11.612.000 η gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, ofδραχμών, Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various εξόφληση του οποίου ολοκληρώθηκε το τέλος του 2001. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists,

ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof Διαχείριση Ακίνητης Περιουσίας whatever otherΤράπεζα consequences results also rising of land στην pricesΕλλάδα (and the potential relative speculation). Η Εθνική είναι has, ιδιοκτήτρια 1455 ακινήτων potential relative speculation). termεξωτερικό gentrification(έτος is found2015). at first inΤα the UK in earlyαυτά 1960s and it refers to καιThe στο ακίνητα είναι στην The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor πλειοψηφία τους κυρίως από πλειστηριασμούς ορισμένα απόareas αυτάof the then observed trend wealthy people to there buyκαι property in poor London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are ιδιοχρησιμοποιούμενα.

London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Ηindirectly γενική “squeezed”. που ακολουθεί είναι η being A description ofπολιτική, this phenomenon is included ηin Εθνική the work Τράπεζα of Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth πώληση της ακίνητης περιουσίας της. Με την κρίση που έχει υποστεί GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, similar situations recorded in other major όμως αγορά ακινήτων τα τελευταία χρόνιαwere λόγω της οικονομικής cities inηWestern countries, bywhile other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied scholars and for itsπολλά more ύφεσης, που επικρατεί στην Ελλάδα, ηseveral Τράπεζα αντιμετωπίζει Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from προβλήματα. Οι πωλήσεις ακινήτων έχουν μειωθεί δραματικά. Το 2015 comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: ηinterpretations Εθνική Τράπεζα προχώρησε σε πλειστηριασμό 50 ακίνητων εκ των the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups οποίων πουλήθηκαν μόλις 3. Την ίδια στιγμή από την κατοχή των to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money 1, με το ακινήτων και την προσωρινή τους από την αγορά and time to travel from the purlieusαπόσυρσή to downtown, where work place is, lack of the προσωρινό έχουν αυξηθεί ταtown έξοδα γιαsearch την τράπεζα 1.of The termκλείσιμο fromτους, Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside centres, for Berlin, where she made her firstακίνητα studies. In που 1932 she publishedπρέπει an important study entitled: καθώς η Τράπεζα στα διαθέτει να πληρώνει services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for ΕΝΦΙΑ καιresearch στα κοινόχρηστα χωρίς όμως αυτά να lower living cost of,διαμερίσματα “withdrawal” from private access to markets, etc.της studies and in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying 1 are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. her work Οι real προσωρινές αποσύρσεις αποτελούν initially σύνηθεςofφαινόμενο στην διάρκεια and selling estate, etc., for theCodepreciation part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: της Μεγάλης Ύφεσης (Arthur O’ Sullivan, 2011).

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

134

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

αποφέρουν αντίστοιχα έσοδα. Στη δε περίπτωση των αγροτεμαχίων, κατά τους θερινούς μήνες, είναι απαραίτητο να προβαίνει σε αποψιλώσεις για την αποφυγή πυρκαγιών. Επιπλέον, πριν προχωρήσει η Τράπεζα στους πλειστηριασμούς για την πώληση των ακίνητων της, θα πρέπει αυτά να τηρούνται οι προϋποθέσεις του Ν. 4178/2013. Το κόστος αυτό μπορεί να μην

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS φαίνεται εξαρχής πολύ μεγάλο, αλλά είναι αν αναλογιστούμε ότι πρέπει Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, να γίνει σε όλα τα πλειστηριαζόμενα ακίνητα της. Το συγκεκριμένο

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect κόστος επιβαρύνει την τράπεζα σε Student περίπτωση που δε βρεθεί of the School of Architecture ενδιαφερόμενος στον πλειστηριασμό.

Technical University of Crete Για αυτό τον λόγο από το 2011 και μετά η Τράπεζα προχώρησε 1. Introductory Defining the concept στην αξιοποίηση approach: της ακίνητης περιουσίας της, μισθώνοντας τα ακίνητά 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancientτα Greek philosopher, της, έτσι ώστε να the καλύπτει κόστη που δημιουργούνται. Η Τράπεζα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other he ενοικιάσεως left us, he established a great the σήμερα έχει wise 113 heritage συμβάσεις ακινήτων σε τρίτους με μόλις among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts.

20 εξ αυτώνofνα έχουν υπογραφεί το 2015. acquisition knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban Δομή Ακίνητης Τράπεζας gentrification gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as theΠεριουσίας “refining” ofΕθνικής a cityisarea, the removal (in various Από την έρευνα που έγινε, διαπιστώθηκε ότι η Εθνική Τράπεζα Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, έχει στην κατοχή της usually 322restaurants, ολόκληρα διαμερίσματα με τα περισσότερα the operation of art galleries, etc.

However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has,Περιφέρεια results also Αττικής rising of (78 landδιαμερίσματα) prices (and theof από αυτάother να βρίσκονται στην whatever otherspeculation). consequences also risingόπου of land prices (andκαι the potential και στηνrelative Κεντρική Μακεδονίαhas, (51results διαμερίσματα), βρίσκονται potential relative speculation). gentrification found at first the UK in early 1960s it refers to οι The δυοterm μητροπόλεις τηςisΕλλάδας. Τηςin ανήκουν επίσης 12 and δικαιώματα The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor ύψους καιobserved 52 διαμερίσματα εξ αδιαιρέτου. Τα property ημιτελή διαμερίσματα the then trend wealthy people to there buy in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof που διαθέτει είναι 48. παρατηρείται ιδιομορφία London, upgrade them, stayΕδώ themselves sometimesμια there and thus oldκαθώς residentsτα are being indirectly “squeezed”. περισσότερα από αυτά εντοπίζονται στην περιφέρεια Στερεάς being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Ελλάδας. Από αυτά 10 βρίσκονται σταinwere Καμένα καιmajor πιο A description ofperiod, thisτα phenomenon is situations included the recorded workΒούρλα of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major συγκεκριμένα ίδιο κτίριο. κατηγορία “Άλλα” περιλαμβάνονται cities in Western στο countries, by otherΣτην Researchers. in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars andμικρού for its more οιcities μεζονέτες και οι ψιλές κυριότητες που λόγω του τους Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various αριθμού δεν είναι ξεχωριστές κατηγορίες και είναι συνολικά 19. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon following: Επιπροσθέτως, η Εθνικήof gentrification, τράπεζα έχειthe207 επαγγελματικούς interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups χώρους. Από αυτούς οι 18 είναι βιομηχανίες και οι 16 είναι βιοτεχνίες. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Οι πλειοψηφία των βιομηχανιών βρίσκονται στην Περιφέρεια Δυτικής and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Ελλάδας (6 βιομηχανίες) ενώ οιRuth περισσότερες βρίσκονται 1.of The term from Sociologist GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside townβιοτεχνίες centres, for Berlin, Περιφέρεια where she made Θεσσαλίας her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: στην (4 βιοτεχνίες) ενώ στην Περιφέρεια services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Κρήτης Περιφέρεια Iονίων Νήσων Εθνική Τράπεζα lower living costστην of, in “withdrawal” from private car access markets, etc.δεν studies andκαι research Geneva, Prague, London and Neweasier Yorkηshe came to back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

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SONS AND Ltd.αυτά Londonνα 2009.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Μακεδονίας με 15 καταστήματα και η Περιφέρεια Δυτικής Ελλάδας με 13 καταστήματα. Στις Περιφέρειες Βορείου Αιγαίου και Ηπείρου η Τράπεζα δε διαθέτει καταστήματα (παρατηρείται ότι η Τράπεζα διαθέτει περισσότερα ακίνητα στις Περιφέρειες που συγκεντρώνεται ο περισσότερος πληθυσμός). Από την άλλη πλευρά, τα ακίνητα της Τράπεζας που ανήκουν στην κατηγορία των γραφείων είναι συνολικά

By Mr.στην George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS 48 με τα 40 από αυτά να βρίσκονται Περιφέρεια Αττικής. Γίνεται Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, άξιο προσοχή το γεγονός ότι στις 9 από τις 13 περιφέρειες της χώρας η

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Εθνική δεν διαθέτει γραφεία. Παρατηρείται έτσι μια συσσώρευση Student of the School of Architecture ακινήτων στην Αττική, Περιφέρεια που στηρίζεται κυρίως ofστον Technical University Crete τριτογενή τομέα. Μικρό τμήμα των επαγγελματικών χώρων 1. Introductory approach: Defining concept καταλαμβάνουν τα ξενοδοχεία ταthe οποία είναι συνολικά 10, εκ των 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientστο Greek philosopher, οποίων το 50% βρίσκονται Ν. Αιγαίο και στην Κρήτη (Περιφέρειες the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the πουANTISTHENIS, με other εκατομμύρια τουρίστες ετησίως). among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Ακόμαof knowledge έχει στην κατοχή της 255of the αγρούς με συνολική acquisition starts with theindefinition content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term αναπόσβεστη αξία 7.981.380,37 ευρώ και 203 η συνολική 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notοικόπεδα final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 αναπόσβεστη αξία των οποίων ανέρχεται σε 10.300.886,48 ευρώ. Οι gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various περισσότεροι αγροί εντοπίζονται στην Περιφέρεια Αττικής ( 75 αγροί) Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, και στην δεύτερη θέση (με σχεδόν τους μισούς αγρούς) είναι η the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

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2 των οποίων είναι εκτός εκμετάλλευσης, η αναπόσβεστη αξία being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ανέρχεται σεsame 14.638.814,88 31-12-2014. Ταof συγκεκριμένα A description ofperiod, this phenomenon isστις included inwere the recorded work Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the whileευρώ similar situations in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major ακίνητα είναι countries, στο σύνολο τουςResearchers. αξίας 37εκατ. (όλα βρίσκονται στην cities in Western by other cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

επένδυση αυτή δεν ευδοκίμησε. Η Περιφέρεια Αττικής βρίσκεται στην δεύτερη θέση στα ανεκμετάλλευτα ακίνητα από αγορά με μόλις 4 ακίνητα. Η μεγαλύτερη αναπόσβεστη αγορά από ακίνητα εκτός χρήσης παρατηρείται στο οκταώροφο κτίριο στην Φραγκφούρτη της Γερμανίας η αξία της οποίας είναι 3.445.370,76 ευρώ. Στην Ελλάδα η

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS μεγαλύτερη αναπόσβεστη αξία (1.166.157,72 ευρώ) εντοπίζεται στην Harvard University, Graduate School Student, περιφέρεια Νοτίου Αιγαίου και συγκεκριμένα στηνof Design, Ρόδο σε ένα

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect τριώροφο βιοτεχνικό χώρο.

Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

Ακίνητα για την κάλυψη των αναγκών της τράπεζας.

1. Introductory Defining the conceptη Εθνική Τράπεζα για την Τα ακίνηταapproach: που χρησιμοποιεί σήμερα 1.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Η Τράπεζα στο μέλλον έχει σκοπό να προχωρήσει σε διπλασιασμό των ιδιοχρησιμοποιούμενων ακινήτων της καθώς πρόκειται να χρησιμοποιήσει για τις δικές της ανάγκες ακόμα 43 ακίνητα. Τα περισσότερα από αυτά βρίσκονται στις περιφέρειες Αττική και Κεντρικής Μακεδονίας. Παράλληλα, δεν υπάρχει σχεδιασμός για να χρησιμοποιήσει ακίνητα που έχει στην κατοχή της σε καμία από τις

By Mr.της George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS τέσσερις νησιωτικές Περιφέρειες Ελλάδας, ενώ Περιφέρεια Harvard University, Graduate School of Design,της, Student, Πελοποννήσου, όπου δεν χρησιμοποιεί προς το παρόν ακίνητα στο

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect μέλλον θα ιδιοχρησιμοποιήσει 4.

Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

ΣΥΜΠΕΡΑΣΜΑΤΑ 1. Introductory approach: the concept Γίνεται αντιληπτό ότιDefining η ακίνητη περιουσία της Εθνικής Τράπεζας 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, theκαι ancient Greek philosopher, είναι πολύ μεγάλη η επεξεργασία των αντίστοιχων στοιχείων ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great ιδιαίτερα δύσκολη καθώς τα ακίνητα διαφέρουν μεταξύ τους the σε among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. μέγεθος, παλαιότητα, ύφος, εσωτερικά χαρακτηριστικά, παροχές και acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term τοποθεσία.

1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1όσον Επίσης αφορά τη δομή ακίνητης περιουσίας Εθνικής gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, ofτης Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a της cityisarea, the removal (in various Τράπεζας στις περισσότερες κατηγορίες ακινήτων η Περιφέρεια Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), ofκαι social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, Αττικής Περιφέρεια Κεντρικής συγκεντρώνουν τα the operation ofηart galleries, restaurants, etc.Μακεδονίας However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

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Since then, the issue has preoccupied several μη scholars andρευστότητα for its more Ο.Τ.Α.) από καθυστερήσεις, επαρκή Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the και έντονη γραφειοκρατία. Αντιθέτως, η Τράπεζα για την εξυπηρέτηση comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations the το following: των αναγκώνof the τηςphenomenon σε ακίνηταof gentrification, μισθώνει από Κράτος και τους interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Οργανισμούς Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης ( Ο.Τ.Α.). to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Τα στοιχεία ελήφθησαν κατόπιν συνεντεύξεως με Ανώτατο and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Στέλεχος τηςatοικείας Διεύθυνσης της GLASS, Ε.Τ.Ε.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, ΠΑΡΑΡΤΗΜΑ Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns ΒΙΟΜΗΧΑΝΙΕΣ

ΑΝΑΤΟΛΙΚΗ ΜΑΚΕΔΟΝΙΑΘΡΑΚΗ

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ΚΕΝΤΡΙΚΗ ΜΑΚΕΔΟΝΙΑ

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ΒΙΟΤΕΧΝΙΕΣ ΚΑΤΑΣΤΗΜΑΤΑ

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ΞΕΝΟΔΟΧΕΙΑ

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By 1 8 Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS10 Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect 3 15 2 8 31 Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete5 3 1 1

ΔΥΤΙΚΗ ΜΑΚΕΔΟΝΙΑ 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ΗΠΕΙΡΟΣ 1 2 3 approach: Defining ΘΕΣΣΑΛΙΑ1. Introductory 1 4 9 the concept 4 18 ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ΙΟΝΙΩΝ ΝΗΣΩΝ 4 philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the 4 ΔΥΤΙΚΗ ΕΛΛΑΔΑ 6 2 13 5 1 3 30 among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a great the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content of“principle”: concepts. ΣΤΕΡΕΑ ΕΛΛΑΔΑ 3 2 2 2 1 10 acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this a first, if of not final, approach, ΠΕΛΟΛΟΝΝΗΣΟΣ 1 “principle” 3 2the term 6 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or 1 gentrification ΒΟΡΕΙΟ ΑΙΓΑΙΟ 1 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ΝΟΤΙΟ ΑΙΓΑΙΟ 1 3 1 3 8 Sociology as well), as the “refining” of4a city area, this, of (in various7 ΚΡΗΤΗ 2from 1 artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement there ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and placement there ΑΤΤΙΚΗ 2 restaurants, 20 etc. However 40 the 1 9of artists, the operation of2 art galleries, this “change”, regardless of74 ΣΥΝΟΛΟ 18 16 84 48 10 31 207 the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof Πηγή στοιχείων για την κατασκευή του πίνακα από τα ιδιόκτητα ακίνητα της Τράπεζας 31/3/16. whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to ΔΙΑΜΕΡΙΣΜΑΤΑ The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑ the then observed trend wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of ΟΛΟΚΛΗΡΑ ΕΞ ΗΜΙΤΕΛΗ London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents ΥΨΟΥΣ ΑΛΛΑ ΣΥΝΟΛΟare ΔΙΑΜΕΡΙΣΜΑΤΑ London, upgrade them, stayΑΔΙΑΙΡΕΤΟΥ themselves ΟΡΟΦΟΥ sometimesΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΣ there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ΑΝΑΤΟΛΙΚΗ A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major ΜΑΚΕΔΟΝΙΑGLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major ΘΡΑΚΗ 17 3 5 2 26 cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. ΚΕΝΤΡΙΚΗ Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more ΜΑΚΕΔΟΝΙΑ 51issue has 1 several below, 5scholars 68 more Since then, the preoccupied andthe for various its comprehensive approach are10 being summarized from ΔΥΤΙΚΗ comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: ΜΑΚΕΔΟΝΙΑ 15 3 3 4 22 interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is1 dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups ΗΠΕΙΡΟΣ 2 2 3 9 to “return” high1 costs in 27 money ΘΕΣΣΑΛΙΑ to the city, 19 leaving the2 purlieus for several reasons: 3 and time to travel from where ΙΟΝΙΩΝ ΝΗΣΩΝ 2 the purlieus to downtown, 1 2 work place 1 is, lack5of the 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS was born in sense safety the38distributed residencies outside town for ΔΥΤΙΚΗ ΕΛΛΑΔΑ 5 8 centres, 1 53better Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: ΣΤΕΡΕΑ ΕΛΛΑΔΑ 35 15 of the city”, 1 51 services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for ΠΕΛΟΛΟΝΝΗΣΟΣ 31 3 from private car easier 1 access to markets,35 lower living cost of, “withdrawal” etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, ΒΟΡΕΙΟ ΑΙΓΑΙΟ 5 studies 1 due 6 in in 1943 she published regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher the According to another approach, the is a systematic and ΝΟΤΙΟ ΑΙΓΑΙΟCollege of London, 1 public action University where she continued her social research. brokers Her and long-term informal 12 effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of 13 buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

ΚΡΗΤΗ ΑΤΤΙΚΗ ΣΥΝΟΛΟ

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Πηγή στοιχείων για την κατασκευή του πίνακα από τα ιδιόκτητα ακίνητα της Τράπεζας 31/3/16.

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ΟΙΚΟΠΕΔΑ - ΑΓΡΟΙ By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ΟΙΚΟΠΕΔΑ ΣΥΝΟΛΟ HarvardΑΓΡΟΙ University, Graduate School of Design, Student, 10

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However this “change”, regardless of whatever ΠΕΛΟΛΟΝΝΗΣΟΣ other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the 17 27 44 whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation).

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The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for ΔΥΤΙΚΗ lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she came to back to London, ΜΑΚΕΔΟΝΙΑ 1 easier 1access in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 she became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and ΗΠΕΙΡΟΣ 1 1 2 University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

141 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ΘΕΣΣΑΛΙΑ 1 4 University, Graduate 5 School of Design, Student, Harvard ΙΟΝΙΩΝ ΝΗΣΩΝ

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2 7 24 being indirectly “squeezed”. ΔΥΤΙΚΗ A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ΜΑΚΕΔΟΝΙΑ A description ofperiod, this3 phenomenon is situations included inwere the 3recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major ΗΠΕΙΡΟΣ 1 1 recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

9 2 11 cities inΘΕΣΣΑΛΙΑ Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue4 has several scholars and for its more ΙΟΝΙΩΝ ΝΗΣΩΝ 4 Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from ΔΥΤΙΚΗ ΕΛΛΑΔΑ 13 5 3 21 comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various ΣΤΕΡΕΑ ΕΛΛΑΔΑ interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: 2 1 3 interpretations the phenomenon thecategory 3 4following: InΠΕΛΟΛΟΝΝΗΣΟΣ a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend1 of a new of social groups ΒΟΡΕΙΟ ΑΙΓΑΙΟ to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money ΝΟΤΙΟ ΑΙΓΑΙΟ 3 4 and time ΚΡΗΤΗ to travel from the purlieus 1to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 4 4 termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ 20 40 9 69 Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at heart the city”, (possibly) ΣΥΝΟΛΟ 48 left Germany 24 the 156of Youth Unemployment.

The84same year she and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came to back to London, Πηγή στοιχείων για την κατασκευή του πίνακα από τα ιδιόκτητα ακίνητα της Τράπεζας 31/3/16. in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Πηγή στοιχείων για την κατασκευή του διαγράμματος από τα ιδιόκτητα ακίνητα της Τράπεζας 31/3/16.

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof Ιδιοχρησιμοποιούμενα ακίνητα ανά whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results alsoπεριφέρεια rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK%inΙδιοχρησιμοποιούμενα early 1960s and it refers to Ιδιοχρησιμοποιούμενα The term gentrification found at first ανά in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy people to buy property in poor ακίνητα ακίνητα the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy ανά property in poor areas περιφέρεια περιφέρεια London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof ΑΤΤΙΚΗ 14 35,91% London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ΚΕΝΤΡΙΚΗ ΜΑΚΕΔΟΝΙΑ 6 15,39% being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ΔΥΤΙΚΗ ΕΛΛΑΔΑ 5 12,82% A description ofΜΑΚΕΔΟΝΙΑthis phenomenon is 4situations included inwere the recorded work Ruth GLASS at ΑΝΑΤΟΛΙΚΗ the same period, while similar in other major 10,26%of Sociologist GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major ΘΡΑΚΗ cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. ΗΠΕΙΡΟΣ countries, by other Researchers.

2 5,13% cities in Western Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more ΝΟΤΙΟ ΑΙΓΑΙΟ 2 5,13% Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from ΣΤΕΡΕΑ ΕΛΛΑΔΑ 1 2,56% comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various ΘΕΣΣΑΛΙΑ 1 2,56% interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: ΔΥΤΙΚΗ 2,56% of social groups In a sense, theΜΑΚΕΔΟΝΙΑ phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a1trend of a new ΒΟΡΕΙΟ ΑΙΓΑΙΟ 1 2,56% to “return”ΙΟΝΙΩΝ to theΝΗΣΩΝ city, leaving the purlieus1for several reasons: high costs in money 2,56% and time toΚΡΗΤΗ travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1 2,56% term from Sociologist Ruth 0GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, ΠΕΛΟΛΟΝΝΗΣΟΣ 0,00% Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an100% important study entitled: ΣΥΝΟΛΟ 39 services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. same yearτουshe left and after continuous Πηγή στοιχείωνThe για την κατασκευή πίνακα απόGermany τα ιδιόκτητα ακίνητα της Τράπεζας 31/3/16. lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement Πηγή στοιχείων για την κατασκευή του διαγράμματος από τα ιδιόκτητα ακίνητα της Τράπεζας 31/3/16. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Ακίνητα που πρόκειται ναat ιδιοχρησιμοποιηθούν περιφέρεια potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found first in the UK inανά early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Κτίρια που πρόκειται να %Κτίρια που πρόκειται να the then observed trend wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof ιδιοχρησιμοποιηθούν ανά ιδιοχρησιμοποιηθούν ανά London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are περιφέρεια περιφέρεια being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ΑΤΤΙΚΗ 12 included in the work 27,91% A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is of Sociologist Ruth GLASSΚΕΝΤΡΙΚΗ at the same while similar situations were recorded in other major ΜΑΚΕΔΟΝΙΑ 9 20,93% GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities inΣΤΕΡΕΑ Western countries, by other Researchers. ΕΛΛΑΔΑ 6 13,95% cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. ΘΕΣΣΑΛΙΑ 5 11,63% Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more ΠΕΛΟΛΟΝΝΗΣΟΣ 9,30% Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being 4summarized from ΑΝΑΤΟΛΙΚΗ ΜΑΚΕΔΟΝΙΑ2 summarized below, 4,65% comprehensive approach are being from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: ΘΡΑΚΗ interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a2 trend of a new ΔΥΤΙΚΗ ΕΛΛΑΔΑ 4,65% of social groups ΔΥΤΙΚΗ ΜΑΚΕΔΟΝΙΑ 2 to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons:4,65% high costs in money 1 and timeΗΠΕΙΡΟΣ to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work2,33% place is, lack of the ΝΟΤΙΟ ΑΙΓΑΙΟ 0 0,00% termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, 0 0,00% Berlin, ΒΟΡΕΙΟ where ΑΙΓΑΙΟ she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, entertainment “at the heart of 0,00% the city”,movements (possibly)for ΙΟΝΙΩΝ ΝΗΣΩΝeducation, 0 Germany Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left and after continuous ΚΡΗΤΗ 0 0,00% lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, 43phenomenon in According 1943ΣΥΝΟΛΟ she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she100% became teacher in the to another approach, the is due to a systematic and Πηγή στοιχείων για την κατασκευή του πίνακα από τα ιδιόκτητα ακίνητα της Τράπεζας 31/3/16.

University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Κριτικό σημείωμα GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, Concerns ofΧΑΤΖΗΓΕΩΡΓΙΟΥ: Gentrification ΓεώργιοςTypes Ν.

Concerns Καινοτόμοι τρόποι εκπαίδευσης και επιμόρφωσης του

στελεχιακού δυναμικού των Οργανισμών Τοπικής

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Αυτοδιοίκησης: Η περίπτωση της Περιφέρειας Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Κεντρικής ByΜακεδονίας Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical of Crete Της κυρίας Αρτ.University Δ. ΣΑΒΒΙΔΟΥ

Υποψηφ. Ε.Δ.Π. Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ 1. Introductory approach: DefiningΔιδ., the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, Η Μεταπτυχιακή Διπλωματική Εργασία πραγματοποιήθηκε στο ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the πλαίσιο του Προγράμματος Μεταπτυχιακών Σπουδών acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with thein definition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term ΕΦΗΡΜΟΣΜΕΝΩΝ ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΙΚΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΠΕΡΙΦΕΡΕΙΑΚΗΣ ΑΝΑΠΤΥΞΗΣ, 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification ΚΑΤΕΥΘΥΝΣΗ: ΑΣΤΙΚΗΣ & ΠΕΡΙΦΕΡΕΙΑΚΗΣ ΑΝΑΠΤΥΞΗΣ με 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ΕΙΔΙΚΕΥΣΗ: ΠΕΡΙΦΕΡΕΙΑΚΟΥ ΚΑΙ ΤΟΠΙΚΟΥ ΑΝΑΠΤΥΞΙΑΚΟΥ Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually low-income andthe theremoval placement ΠΡΟΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΙΣΜΟΥ με of Τριμελή Εξεταστική Επιτροπή: την κ. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Βασιλική Δεληθέου, Επίκουρη Καθηγήτρια (Επιβλέπουσα), τον κ. the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof Ιωάννη Ψυχάρη, Καθηγητή και κ. Αντώνιο Ροβολή, whatever otherspeculation). consequences has,τον results also rising of land Αναπληρωτή prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). Καθηγητή.

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The gentrification found atpeople first UK in early του 1960s and itareas refersofto Ο term συγγραφέας πωςin the ηto ανάπτυξη ανθρώπινου the then observed trendυποστηρίζει ofiswealthy buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof δυναμικού είναι η βασική προϋπόθεση για την αποτελεσματική πορεία London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. και βιωσιμότητα κάθε οργανισμού, είτε δημόσιου είτε ιδιωτικού. Η being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ανάπτυξη των ofof στελεχών ενός οργανισμού ευνοείται και ευδοκιμεί A description this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar in other major κυρίως μέσα από την εκπαίδευση και situations την επιμόρφωση των υπαλλήλων GLASS at the same period, while similar were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. και των στελεχών τους. by Ακριβώς το ίδιο ισχύει και στην περίπτωση cities in Western countries, other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more των Οργανισμών Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Η παρούσα αναφέρεται στους τρόπους εκπαίδευσης και interpretations of theεργασία phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations theστελεχιακού phenomenon gentrification, theΟργανισμών following: επιμόρφωσης του δυναμικού Τοπικής In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof to a trend of aτων new category of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: highτης costs in money Αυτοδιοίκησης μέσα από την καινοτομία, μέσω μελέτης and time to travel the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the περίπτωσης τηςfrom Περιφέρειας Κεντρικής Μακεδονίας.

The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.of safety theκεφάλαιο distributed residencies outside town centres, Στο πρώτο της εργασίας γίνεται αναφορά στη διοίκηση Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) ανθρώπινου δυναμικού στη Διοίκηση, στη σημασία και τηνfor Youth Unemployment.

The same yearΔημόσια she left Germany and after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, ανάγκη της εκπαίδευσης, στη διαδικασία της εκπαίδευσης προσωπικού in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and και στις informal μεθόδους εκπαίδευσης. Η διοίκηση δυναμικού University College of London, where she continued her socialανθρώπινου research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work areένα characterized by a passion for justice. also: COLLINSκαθώς ENGLISHεπηρεάζει DICTIONARY. αποτελεί σημαντικό κομμάτι των See Οργανισμών, and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: άμεσα την ανάπτυξη και τη βιωσιμότητά τους. Τα στελέχη και οι G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

146

υπάλληλοι εξελίσσονται μέσω της εκπαίδευσης και της επιμόρφωσης, εξελίσσοντας έτσι και τον ίδιο τον οργανισμό, και κάνοντάς τον πιο ανταγωνιστικό. Τα οφέλη από την επιμόρφωση είναι πολλά, μα το πιο σημαντικό είναι ότι βοηθά τον οργανισμό να πετύχει τους στρατηγικούς του στόχους και την αποστολή του. Η ραγδαία ανάπτυξη της τεχνολογίας και οι εξελίξεις στον τομέα

By Mr.και George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS της πληροφορικής, έχουν επηρεάσει τον τομέα της εκπαίδευσης, Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, εισάγοντας καινοτομικές εκπαιδευτικές και επιμορφωτικές μεθόδους,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect πέρα από τις συμβατικές μεθόδους, πάνωStudent στη θέση εργασίας και εκτός of the School of Architecture αυτής. Χρησιμοποιείται η τηλεδιάσκεψη, ηTechnical εκπαίδευση η Universityκαι of Crete επιμόρφωση εξ αποστάσεως, η ομαδική συνομιλία με τη χρήση του 1. Introductory approach: Defining the διαδικτύου μεταξύ του εκπαιδευτή καιconcept των ατόμων που εκπαιδεύονται, 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, η δυνατότητα να μοιράζονται μεγάλο εκπαιδευτικό υλικό σε όγκο μέσω the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 aόπου great του ANTISTHENIS, διαδικτύου, η δημιουργία ιστολογίων μπορούν the να among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. συνομιλήσουν άνθρωποι που επιμορφώνονται, είτε από την ίδια χώρα , acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term είτεBased, από όλη Ευρώπη ή“principle” τον υπόλοιπο κόσμο.

1 την therefore, on this inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Στο δεύτερο κεφάλαιο γίνεται αναφορά στον τομέα της Τοπικής gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in the areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal from (in various Αυτοδιοίκησης, στις αρμοδιότητες των φορέων της, καθώς και στις Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of Κεντρικής low-income and thethis placement there of artists, αρμοδιότητες της Περιφέρειας Μακεδονίας. Σημειώνεται ότι the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever otherΚεντρικής consequences has, results alsoηrising of land σε prices (and και theof η Περιφέρεια Μακεδονίας είναι μεγαλύτερη έκταση whatever other consequences has, results also risingΔιοικητικά of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). δεύτερη σε πληθυσμό περιφέρεια της Ελλάδας. αποτελεί potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first inαυτοδιοίκησης the UK in early 1960s it refers to δευτεροβάθμιο οργανισμό τοπικής και and γεωγραφικά The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor καλύπτει το κεντρικό κομμάτι της Μακεδονίας, με inεξαίρεση τη the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof χερσόνησο του them, Αγίουstay Όρους που sometimes διέπεται there από and ειδικό London, upgrade themselves thus καθεστώς. old residents Η are being indirectly “squeezed”. Περιφέρεια διαιρείται σε επτά περιφερειακές ενότητες, οι οποίες being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ταυτίζονται γεωγραφικά τους αντίστοιχους Στις A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work ofνομούς.

Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same whileμε similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Περιφερειακές Ενότητες οι 38 δήμοι που συνιστούν την cities in Western countries, by υπάγονται other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by otherκαι Researchers.

Since then,Μεγαλύτερη the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Περιφέρεια. πόλη πρωτεύουσα της περιφέρειας είναι Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various η Θεσσαλονίκη. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, the Στο τρίτο κεφάλαιο ofαναφέρονται οιfollowing: Οργανισμοί, που interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups ασχολούνται με την εκπαίδευση στη Δημόσια Διοίκηση, το καθεστώς, to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money που ισχύει για την εκπαίδευση στους Ο.Τ.Α., οι πρακτικές επιμόρφωσης and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the αιρετών και στελεχών στηνresidencies Ευρώπη και στην Ελλάδα, καθώς επίσης 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for was born in sense safety the distributed outside town centres, better Berlin, whereόλα she made her μπορούν first studies. να In 1932 she published an important study entitled: και πως αυτά παραγάγουν πιο καινοτόμα και services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for ρηξικέλευθα αποτελέσματα. lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher the Στην Ελλάδα, οι πιο σημαντικοί από αυτούς τους φορείς είναιin το to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Εθνικό Κέντρο Δημόσιας Διοίκησης και Αυτοδιοίκησης και τα her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Ινστιτούτα Επιμόρφωσης, που αναλαμβάνουν την εκπαίδευση και την Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aεπιμόρφωση variety of ways, order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”,που “voluntary”, (actually τωνinστελεχών και των υπαλλήλων εργάζονται στους

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Οργανισμούς Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης. Μέσω των επιμορφωτικών προγραμμάτων που πραγματοποιούνται μέσω του Ινστιτούτου Επιμόρφωσης (ΙΝ.ΕΠ.) και των Περιφερειακών Ινστιτούτων Επιμόρφωσης (Π.ΙΝ.ΕΠ.) αλλά και των υπόλοιπων εκπαιδευτικών οργανισμών, δίνεται η δυνατότητα στους υπάλληλους και τα στελέχη της Δημόσιας Διοίκησης και της Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης να ενισχύσουν Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS τις δεξιότητές τους και, μέσωByτης πιστοποίησης, να αποκτήσουν Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, επιπλέον μόρια και προοπτικές εξέλιξης στην Υπηρεσία τους. Το

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect επιστημονικό προσωπικό των αναφερθέντων Οργανισμών σε Student of the School of Architecture συνεργασία με τους φορείς του Δημοσίου και των Ο.Τ.Α.University ανιχνεύει τις Technical of Crete εκπαιδευτικές τους ανάγκες, σχεδιάζει και υλοποιεί προγράμματα και 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept τους επιχειρησιακούς δράσεις προσαρμοσμένες στις απαιτήσεις, 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, στόχους και τις οργανωσιακές αλλαγές κάθε δημόσιας υπηρεσίας.

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), amongΣτο other wise heritage he left us, he established aμεθοδολογία great τέταρτο κεφάλαιο παρουσιάζεται η(444 και the τα among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. αποτελέσματα της έρευνας που έγιναν στην Περιφέρεια Κεντρικής acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Μακεδονίας της δομημένου ερωτηματολογίου.

1μέσω Based, therefore, on χρήσης this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Στόχοι της συγκεκριμένης έρευνας ήταν να αν οι gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (inσυμπεράνουμε thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various εργαζόμενοι των Ο.Τ.Α. νιώθουν ικανοποιημένοι από τα προγράμματα Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, επιμόρφωσης, που έχουν παρακολουθήσει, κατά πόσο και there αν τους έχει the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences resultsτους, also rising of landσχετικά prices (and εξελίξει ήother ωφελήσει στην has, εργασία αν είναι με the ταof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). καθήκοντά τους τα θέματα, που έχουν παρακολουθήσει στα potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found first in the UK inτις early 1960s and it refers to προγράμματα επιμόρφωσης, ανatχρησιμοποιούν νέες τεχνολογίες και The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor την στην εργασία τους και στην επιμόρφωσή theπληροφορική then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in τους. poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof Η μελέτη περίπτωσης της παρούσας εργασίας ήταν Περιφέρεια London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thusηold residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Κεντρικής Μακεδονίας. Το δείγμαis included ήταν ταinδιοικητικά και οι being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon the work of στελέχη Sociologist Ruth υπάλληλοι τηςofperiod, Περιφέρειας. την of έρευνα που A description this phenomenon isΜέσα includedαπό inwere the recorded work Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major πραγματοποιήθηκε, οι εργαζόμενοι δεν είναι απόλυτα ικανοποιημένοι cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issueμεθόδους has several scholars and for its με τιςinεκπαιδευτικές που προσφέρει η Περιφέρεια, ανmore και Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various αυτές είναι αρκετές. Επιθυμούν, η Περιφέρεια να εφαρμόζει comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: περισσότερο καινοτόμες μεθόδους επιμόρφωσης των στελεχών της και interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof toΗ a trend of a new groups όχιInτις παραδοσιακές μεθόδους. πρόσβαση σε αυτές ofναsocial είναι πιο to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money εύκολη, να μην επιβαρύνονται οικονομικά οι εργαζόμενοι, να μπορούν and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the να εξελιχθούν μέσα στοSociologist περιβάλλον τους,centres, αλλά να for είναι σεin 1.of The termat comes from Ruth εργασίας GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth και GLASS was born sense safety the distributed residencies outside town search better Berlin,να where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: θέση διεκδικήσουν υψηλότερες βαθμίδες εργασίας. Η Περιφέρεια services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for πρέπει ναresearch υιοθετεί μεθόδους και πρακτικές που υιοθετούν και etc. άλλοι lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, studies and Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In sheto became teacher in the αντίστοιχοι Οργανισμοί Ο.Τ.Α. στην Ευρώπη, να1950 ενημερώνεται συνεχώς to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying για τις νέες μεθόδους, να αξιολογεί αν μπορούν να ωφελήσουν στην her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. The Free Encyclopedia: επιμόρφωση των etc., στελεχών τηςLondon και 2009. να WIKIPEDIA: είναι πρωτοπόρα στην Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aεφαρμογή variety ofνέων ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually καινοτόμων προγραμμάτων. Σήμερα, που ο ελεύθερος 147 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, of intervention, Concerns Gentrification χρόνος Definition, είναι μηδαμινός, Types ηof Περιφέρεια θα πρέπει να επιλέξει προγράμματα, που δεν θα μειώνουν ακόμα περισσότερο τον ελεύθερο Concerns χρόνο των στελεχών της, αλλά θα είναι ταυτόχρονα διασκεδαστικά και

148

ωφέλιμα τόσο για την προσωπική ανάπτυξη των εργαζομένων όσο και Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS για την ανάπτυξη και εξέλιξη της By Περιφέρειας.

Harvard University, Graduate of Design, Student, Στο πέμπτο κεφάλαιο, παρατίθενται ταSchool συμπεράσματα που

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect προέκυψαν από την έρευνα και μελλοντικές προτάσεις.

Student of the School of Architecture Η Περιφέρεια ως Οργανισμός Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης θα έπρεπε Technical University of Crete να χρησιμοποιεί και να εφαρμόζει περισσότερο, αρχικά την εκπαίδευση approach: the της concept και1. Introductory την επιμόρφωση σταDefining στελέχη με περαιτέρω καινοτόμες 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, μεθόδους εκπαίδευσης και επιμόρφωσης, που ακολουθούν την τάση ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great της εποχής προκειμένου να διευκολυνθούν οι εργαζόμενοι, αλλά καιthe οι among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. φορείς. Όμως, για να επιτευχθεί αυτό, θα πρέπει να δημιουργήσει και acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term κίνητρα εργαζόμενους σχετικά τηνif επιμόρφωσή τουςthe καιterm ο 1 (and Based,στους therefore, on this “principle” inindicated aμεfirst, notthe final, approach, urban gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Οργανισμός να βρίσκει συνεχώς τις κατάλληλες πηγές gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various χρηματοδότησης, που απαιτούνται. Οι πρακτικές χρηματοδοτούνται Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, από τιςofίδιες τις Περιφέρειες, από etc. τα However Υπουργεία και τις there αντίστοιχες the operation of art galleries, restaurants, “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has,με results also rising of landτους, pricesαπό (andτην theof Γενικές Γραμματείες ανάλογα το εκάστοτε θέμα whatever other consequences has, results also οργανισμούς rising of land στην pricesΕλλάδα (and the potential relative speculation). Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση και από εκπαιδευτικούς potential relative speculation). gentrification is found at first in theάλλα UK in early 1960s Κέντρα. and it refers to καιThe τηνterm Ευρώπη, όπως Πανεπιστήμια και Ερευνητικά The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in Οι διαδικασίες αυτέςwealthy προάγουν καιtoσυνδράμουν τηinpoor συνεργασία the then observed trend people buy property poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof τόσο τωνupgrade διοικητικών φορέων μέσαsometimes στα πλαίσια αλλά και London, them, stay themselves thereτης andΕλλάδας, thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης σε μία χιλιετία που χαρακτηρίζεται και being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth στιγματίζεται από τηνphenomenon τεχνολογία την καινοτομία και στελέχη A description ofperiod, this isκαι included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations inτα other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major πρέπει να είναιcountries, εκπαιδευμένα ενημερωμένα γύρω από αυτούς τους cities in Western by otherκαι Researchers. cities in Αν Western countries, bypreoccupied other Since then, the issue has several scholars and for και its more τομείς. η επιμόρφωση και ηResearchers. εκπαίδευση των στελεχών των Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various υπαλλήλων των Οργανισμών Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης εφαρμόζεται more και comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, λειτουργεί σωστά και με καινοτόμες μεθόδους,the οιfollowing: εργαζόμενοι θα είναι interpretations of the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, theικανοποιημένοι phenomenon is due togentrification, aτην trendεργασία of a new of social groups περισσότερο από τους, οπότε και πιο to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money αποδοτικοί, θα αναπτύσσονται ως επαγγελματίες και ως άνθρωποι, ο and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the οργανισμός λειτουργεί σε μικρότερους χρόνους και χαμηλότερο 1.of The termθα from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruthμε GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: κόστος. Τέλος, θα μπορούν να εξυπηρετήσουν καλύτερα τον πολίτη, services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for μειώνοντας τηof, γραφειοκρατία. lower living cost “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the Η she πολύ καιthe αναλυτική αυτή εργασία, με πλήθος toενδιαφέρουσα another approach, phenomenon is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying βιβλιογραφικών πηγών, πινάκων και ιστογραμμάτων, παρουσιάστηκε her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

The Free Encyclopedia: τον Ιούλιο του 2016 στη Αθήνα, στο WIKIPEDIA: Πάντειο Πανεπιστήμιο, Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aαξιολογήθηκε variety of ways, order Abstract. to achieve “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually καιinβαθμολογήθηκε μεthe άριστα.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

149 2521 11

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Κριτικό σημείωμα GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Γ. ΠΑΠΑΣΤΑΜΑΤΙΟΥ: ConcernsΤεχνικής (ΜΧΤ) : Τα Μέσα Χρηματοοικονομικής

Η λειτουργία τους μέσω του τραπεζικού συστήματος Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS και η επίδρασή τους στιςByΜικρομεσαίες Επιχειρήσεις Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, (ΜμΕ)

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete Της Δρος Βασιλικής ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Επίκουρης Καθηγήτριας 1. Introductory approach: the concept Τμήμ.Defining Οικονομικής και Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Παντείου Πανεπιστημίου Κ.Π.Ε.

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1. Γενικά Στοιχεία 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Η προς1 μελέτη και κρίση έρευνα έχει τίτλο «Τα the Μέσα gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various Χρηματοοικονομικής Τεχνικής (ΜΧΤ) : Η λειτουργία τους μέσω του Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of socialσυστήματος groups, usuallyκαι of low-income and the placement there of artists, τραπεζικού η επίδρασή στις Μικρομεσαίες ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and τους thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of Επιχειρήσεις (ΜμΕ)» και διερευνά την υλοποίηση των ΜΧΤ μέσω του the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof τραπεζικού συστήματος καθώς και την τουςprices στις(and ΜμΕ, whatever other consequences has, results alsoεπίδρασή rising of land the potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). προκειμένου να εντοπιστούν τα σημαντικότερα προβλήματα που The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification foundελληνική atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s andκατά itareas refers αντιμετωπίζει η μικρομεσαία επιχειρηματικότητα, τη the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are διάρκεια των τελευταίων ετών, όπου το οικονομικό και επιχειρηματικόof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents being indirectly “squeezed”. περιβάλλον διέπεται από συνθήκες εντεινόμενης ύφεσης και are η being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth πρόσβαση των ΜμΕ στην τραπεζική χρηματοδότηση έχει αποκτήσει A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar inΙδρυματικό other major ιδιαίτερο ενδιαφέρον. Η έρευνα είναι δημοσιευμένη στο GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

1 και εντάσσεται Αποθετήριο τουcountries, Ελληνικού Ανοικτού Πανεπιστημίου cities in Western bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more στηνSince ευρύτερη περιοχή των κοινωνικών ερευνών του της then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andχώρου for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Χρηματοοικονομικής και Τραπεζικής, της Περιφερειακής interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Ανάπτυξης interpretations theΠεριφερειακής phenomenon theΕυρωπαϊκής following: και της Πολιτικής Ένωσης.

Inειδικότερα a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a της new category of social groups to “return” to theτης city,είναι leavingοtheΓεώργιος purlieus forΠαπασταματίου, several reasons: highΣτέλεχος costs in money Συγγραφέας της and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Δ/νσης Επιχειρηματικών Πιστοδοτήσεων της Εθνικής Τράπεζας. Η 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, έρευνα του συγγραφέα αποτελεί αντικείμενο της διπλωματικής του Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at theτου heart of the city”,movements (possibly) εργασίας στο πλαίσιο των μεταπτυχιακών σπουδών τμήμαfor Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and after continuousστο lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, Τραπεζικής του Ελληνικού Ανοικτού Πανεπιστημίου (ΕΑΠ), η οποία in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and παρουσιάστηκε στις by 14.05.2016, ενώπιον της Επιτροπής University informal College of London, where she continued her social research.

Her public action and long-term effort organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofΚρίσης buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 1 G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Ηλεκτρονική διεύθυνση δημοσίευσης : https://apothesis.eap.gr/handle/repo/31101

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

διπλωματικών εργασιών του ΕΑΠ, με σύνθεση τους : α) Μαρία Ψυλλάκη, Αναπληρώτρια Καθηγήτρια του Τμήματος Οικονομικής Επιστήμης του Πανεπιστήμιου Πειραιά, με την ιδιότητα της επιβλέπουσας Καθηγήτριας και β) Άγγελο Κανά, Καθηγητή του Τμήματος Οικονομικής Επιστήμης του Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιά, με την ιδιότητα του Α' Μέλους της Επιτροπής Κρίσης, σύμφωνα με τον

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Κανονισμό Εκπόνησης Διπλωματικών Εργασιών του ΕΑΠ και Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, βαθμολογήθηκε με άριστα.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

2. Περιγραφή Η έρευνα έχει έκταση 150 σελίδων και διακρίνεται σε τέσσερις [4] 1. Introductory Defining the concept ενότητες: α) η approach: εισαγωγική ενότητα αναφέρεται στη μικρομεσαία 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, - 370 BC, Athens), επιχειρηματικότητα και στην πρόσβασή (444 τηςBCστην τραπεζική ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the χρηματοδότηση, β) η δεύτερη ενότητα, αναφέρεται στα Μέσα among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Χρηματοοικονομικής Τεχνικής και στηνtheεφαρμογή τους κατά acquisition of knowledge starts with(ΜΧΤ) theindefinition content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term την Based, προγραμματική περίοδο 2007-2013, γ) the η area τρίτη ενότητα, 1 (and urban therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the term gentrification) is of Planning) (or gentrification 1 περιλαμβάνει τα αποτελέσματα της εμπειρικής ανάλυσης που gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various πραγματοποιήθηκε με τη συμπλήρωση ερωτηματολογίων που Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, διατέθηκαν σεart ΜμΕ, δ)usually η restaurants, τέταρτη ενότητα, στην οποία διατυπώνονται the operation of galleries, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences also rising ofτης landανάλυσης prices (and και theof προτάσειςother πολιτικής μέσα has, απόresults τη διαδικασία whatever other consequences has, results also rising pricesενότητα (and the potential relative σύνθεσης των speculation). αποτελεσμάτων και τέλος ε) ηof land πέμπτη potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers42 to περιλαμβάνει την βιβλιογραφία. Περιλαμβάνει 21 Πίνακες, The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Διαγράμματα και 2trend Εικόνεςwealthy και πρόκειται ουσιαστικά για in μια ποσοτική the then observed people to buy property poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof έρευνα μεupgrade ποιοτικά χαρακτηριστικά.

London, them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are

being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth 3. Κριτική ανάγνωση A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major πρώτη ενότητα ο συγγραφέας, cities inΣτην Western countries, by other Researchers.μας εντάσσει στο περιβάλλον cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and more των μικρομεσαίων επιχειρήσεων τόσο σε Ευρωπαϊκό όσο καιfor σεits Εθνικό Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various επίπεδο αναδεικνύοντας τη καθοριστική συμβολή τους σε οικονομικό comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the επίπεδο phenomenonκαθώς of gentrification, the following: και κοινωνικό και τα ιδιαίτερα ποιοτικά interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups χαρακτηριστικά τα οποία διαθέτουν, παρουσιάζοντας παράλληλα τα to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money προβλήματα που αντιμετωπίζουν και επιφέρουν αρνητικές επιπτώσεις and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the στην1.ofThe ανάπτυξή τους, εστιάζονται κυρίως στοsearch θέμα τηςin termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: χρηματοδότησης των επιχειρήσεων, καθώς οι ελληνικές επιχειρήσεις services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for βρέθηκαν εκτεθειμένες σεPrague, έναfrom εξαιρετικά ασφυκτικό περιβάλλον κατά lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” private easier access to markets, etc. studies and research Geneva, London and car New York she came back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the τη διάρκεια κρίσης δημοσίου χρέους, σε to της another approach, the isαντιμετωπίζοντας due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying σημαντικό ποσοστό, αδυναμία πρόσβασης σε χρηματοδότηση. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate,ενότητα etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ΣτηWil. δεύτερη οCo συγγραφέας παρουσιάζει, στο πλαίσιο της Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aδυναμικής variety of και ways, in επενδυτικού order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually του χαρακτήρα της ευρωπαϊκής πολιτικής

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

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για τη συνοχή και τον περιορισμό του κλίματος οικονομικής αβεβαιότητας, τα μέσα χρηματοοικονομικής τεχνικής, ως μέρος μιας στρατηγικής με στόχο την παροχή νέων ανακυκλώσιμων μορφών μακροπρόθεσμης βιώσιμης ανάπτυξης των ευρωπαϊκών περιφερειών, σε σύγκριση με τις παραδοσιακές επιχορηγήσεις, παραθέτοντας το θεσμικό πλαίσιο που διέπει την εφαρμογή τους και τις μορφές των Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS εργαλείων που δημιουργήθηκανBy με σκοπό να C. διατεθούν προς τις Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, ελληνικές ΜμΕ, κατά την προγραμματική περίοδο 2007-2013. Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Στην τρίτη ενότητα παρατίθενται Student : α) ο στόχος της έρευνας που of the School of Architecture αποτελεί η ανάλυση της πρόσβασης των Technical ελληνικών ΜμΕ of στη University Crete χρηματοδότηση και η συμβολή των ΜΧΤ στην επίτευξη του 1. Introductoryστόχου approach: the concept συγκεκριμένου β) Defining η αναγκαιότητα για διερεύνηση του θέματος 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), the ancient Greekτης philosopher, η ANTISTHENIS, αποδίδεται στην έλλειψη εμπειρικής διερεύνησης του ANTISTHENIS, the ancient philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wiseτομέα, heritage he left us, he established aμε great the συγκεκριμένου τόσο μεGreek ποσοτικά όσο και ποιοτικά στοιχεία among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. καθώς η προγραμματική περίοδος 2007-2013 αποτέλεσε πρώτη acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of την concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term ουσιαστική εφαρμογή των ΜΧΤ άσκησης 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a στο first, if πλαίσιο notthe final, approach, the της term urban gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Περιφερειακής Πολιτικής της ΕΕ γ) η μεθοδολογία της έρευνας, η οποία gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various πραγματοποιήθηκε σε ΜμΕ, με τη σύνθεση του δείγματος να Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, κατανέμεται κατ’ αντιστοιχία μεetc. τοHowever πραγματικό πληθυσμό των the operation of art galleries, restaurants, “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other στις consequences has,περιφέρειες, results also rising land prices (and the επιχειρήσεων αντίστοιχες ώστεofνα διασφαλίζεται ηof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). αντιπροσωπευτικότητα του δείγματος. Η έρευνα πραγματοποιήθηκε potential relative speculation).

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Since then, αναλογιών the issue has preoccupied several andχ2fortest its more τη σύγκριση χρησιμοποιήθηκε το scholars Pearson’s ή το Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Fisher's exact test όπου ήταν απαραίτητο ενώ η ανάλυση των comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, following: στοιχείων δημιουργήθηκε μία βάση δεδομένωνthe στο στατιστικό πακέτο interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups SPSS 19.0. Ο έλεγχος αντιπροσωπευτικότητας, επιβεβαίωσε ότι ο to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money αριθμός των επιχειρήσεων του δείγματος ανά γεωγραφικό διαμέρισμα and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the και 1.of δραστηριότητα στατιστικά μη διαφορετικός τονin The termat comes fromείναι Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

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SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

εργαλείων, το οποίο δεν οφείλεται σε κάποια εγγενή τους αδυναμία (εκπαιδευτικό επίπεδο, ηλικία, μέγεθος επιχειρήσεις) αλλά στο γεγονός ότι η συγκεκριμένη πληροφόρηση διατίθεται αποσπασματικά και δεν παρέχεται ενιαία και με κατανοητό τρόπο προς τους επιχειρηματίες. Στην πλειοψηφία τους οι επιχειρήσεις, σε ποσοστό άνω του 81,5%, χαρακτηρίζουν ανεπαρκή την παρεχόμενη χρηματοδότηση από

By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS το τραπεζικό σύστημα αλλά παράλληλα μόνο τοC.42,59% δηλώνει ότι Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, αιτήθηκε (επιτυχώς ή ανεπιτυχώς) τη συμμετοχής του σε κάποιο ΜΧΤ.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Η παρατήρηση συνάδει με τη διαπίστωση ότι δεν διέθεταν την Student of the School of Architecture κατάλληλη ενημέρωση ώστε να αιτηθούν τα συγκεκριμένα εργαλεία Technical University of Crete αλλά και με τη διαπίστωση ότι στη μείωση της πιστωτικής επέκτασης 1. Introductory approach: conceptαπό τις επιχειρήσεις, λόγω συνέβαλε και η μείωση τηςDefining ζήτησηςthe δανείων 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), the ancient Greek philosopher, τουANTISTHENIS, κλίματος οικονομικής αβεβαιότητας.

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great Ένα σημαντικό ποσοστό επιχειρήσεων (37%) που δεν είναι the σε among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the θέση να υποστηρίξει με ιδίαwith μέσα την ανάπτυξή τους, of οδηγείται σε acquisition of knowledge starts theindefinition the content concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term αποεπένδυση καθώς στο διάστημα της τελευταίας πενταετίας, δηλώνει 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and ότι δεν as έχει πραγματοποιήσει επενδύσεις. Ο this, συγγραφέας gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom area of Planning) (or Sociology well), as the “refining” of aκαθόλου cityisarea, the removal (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various παραθέτει στοιχεία σύμφωνα με τα οποία προκύπτει ότι ο κλάδος που ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of είναι artists, the operation art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of δηλώνει το ofυψηλότερο ποσοστό μη υλοποίησης επενδύσεων the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever otherδιατροφής-διαμονής, consequences has, results also rising of land (and theof αυτός της αναδεικνύοντας έναprices ενδεχόμενο whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative κίνδυνο, σε περίπτωση μη συντεταγμένης αντιμετώπισής του, που potential relative speculation).

The term να gentrification isυποβάθμιση found at first inτου the UK in early 1960s and it refers to ενδέχεται επιφέρει τουριστικού προϊόντος της The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto χωράς, που αποτελεί και ένα σημαντικό πυλώνα οικονομίας μας. the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy της property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof Στον αντίποδα, προκύπτει ότι ένα σημαντικό ποσοστό London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. επιχειρήσεων ειδικότερα επιχειρήσεις μεSociologist εξαγωγική A description of και this phenomenon is included in the work of Ruth A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth δραστηριότητα, υλοποιήσει άμεσα επενδύσεις τη GLASS at the sameπροτίθεται period, whileνα similar situations were recorded in otherμε major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. συνδρομή κάποιου χρηματοοικονομικού εργαλείου ή μέσω τραπεζικού cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Since then, the issue has severalτους scholars and for itsμεmore δανεισμού και επιθυμούν την Researchers. ενημέρωσή αναφορικά τη Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from διαθεσιμότητα των χρηματοοικονομικών εργαλείων. comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: Χαρακτηριστικό αποτελεί, ότι στα σημαντικότερα εμπόδια στη interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups χρηματοδότησή τους όσο και στα προτεινόμενα εργαλεία την to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs για in money υλοποίηση τωνfrom επενδύσεών οι επιχειρήσεις επισημαίνουν and time to travel the purlieusτους, to downtown, where work place is, lack ofτην the αναγκαιότητα προγραμμάτων μικροπιστοδοτήσεων καθώς καιin 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin, where she made her first studies.τα In 1932 she published study entitled: προγραμμάτων εγγυοδοσίας, οποία απουσίαζαν διατέθηκαν services of health, education, entertainment “at the heartan ofimportant theήcity”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. περιορισμένα κατά την προηγούμενη προγραμματική περίοδο του studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 she became teacher in the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and ΕΣΠΑ 2007-2013.

University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying προκύπτει ότι οιforεπιχειρήσεις, του περιορισμένου her workΕπίσης are characterized by a passion justice. See also:λόγω COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. Londonπροκύπτει 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: Free Encyclopedia: και οικογενειακού χαρακτήρα τους, ότι The είναι αρνητικά G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually διακείμενες ή αγνοούν τα οφέλη από την αξιοποίηση προγραμμάτων 153 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

που αφορούν την παροχή επιχειρηματικών κεφαλαίων, περιορίζοντας τις δυνατότητες ανάπτυξής τους, τόσο από πλευρά κεφαλαίων όσο και τεχνογνωσίας. Η κυριαρχία της μικρής και κατά το πλείστον οικογενειακής επιχείρησης στην ελληνική οικονομία συνήθως εκτιμάται ως αρνητικό χαρακτηριστικό της, καθώς μειώνει την πρόσβαση σε πόρους που θα έκαναν δυνατή την παραγωγή διεθνώς

By Mr. George-Sp. C.αξία.

ATHANASOPOULOS εμπορεύσιμων προϊόντων, με υψηλή προστιθέμενη Harvard University, Graduate School of Design,ότι Student, Τα ευρήματα ολοκληρώνονται με τη διαπίστωση οι

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect επιχειρήσεις επιθυμούν την ύπαρξη προγραμμάτων συμβουλευτικής Student of the School of Architecture στήριξης και προσανατολισμού, ενώ προκύπτει απαιτείται Technicalότι University of Crete μεγαλύτερη έμφαση στις προσωπικές επιχειρήσεις καθώς διαθέτουν το 1. Introductory approach:εξαγωγών, Defining the concept χαμηλότερο ποσοστό περιορίζοντας τις προοπτικές 1.

Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the αντιμετωπίζουν ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ανάπτυξής τους, ενώ παράλληλα σημαντικό πρόβλημα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greekhe philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wiseκατανόησης heritage he left established a great the ανταπόκρισης, και us, διαχείρισης της γραφειοκρατίας που among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the διέπει τα συγκεκριμένα προγράμματα. acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts.

154

Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban Στην τέταρτη παρουσιάζονται οι(inπροτάσεις πολιτικής, gentrification gentrification) indicated thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as theενότητα, “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various σύμφωνα με τους νέους κανονισμούς που διέπουν τα ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually ofγια low-income and thethis placement there of2014 artists, χρηματοοικονομικά εργαλεία τηetc. νέαHowever προγραμματική περίοδο the operation of art galleries, restaurants, “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has, results rising of land (and the – 2020 other καθώς και σύμφωνα με ταalsoευρήματα τηςprices έρευνας, οιof whatever otherspeculation). consequences also rising landΜΧΤ, pricesείναι (and οι the potential relative προτεινόμενες βελτιώσεις γιαhas, τοresults σχεδιασμό των of νέων potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to ακόλουθες: The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Ενίσχυση της πρόσβασης των ΜμΕ ενημέρωση τωνof the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buyστην property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents are διαθέσιμων χρηματοοικονομικά εργαλεία και τα οφέλη που London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. παρέχονται προς αυτές. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is included theσκοπό work ofτην Sociologist Ruth Συντονισμός στη διάθεση των ΜΧΤinwere με αποφυγή GLASS at the same while similar situations recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. διάθεσης αλληλεπικαλυπτόμενων προγραμμάτων, με έμφαση στη cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more δημιουργία εργαλείων α) παροχής εξασφαλίσεων και μικροπιστώσεων, Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from καθώς απουσίαζαν κατά are την being προηγούμενη προγραμματική περίοδο, comprehensive approach summarized below, from the various interpretations of the προγραμμάτων phenomenon of gentrification, the following: και β) ειδικών για εξαγωγικές και τουριστικές interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups επιχειρήσεις, λόγω της σημαντικής συνεισφοράς τους στην ενίσχυση to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money της time οικονομίας and to travelμας. from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Παροχή μέσω για την μετατροπή τωνin 1.

The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth ΜΧΤ GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS for wasbetter born sense of safety theκινήτρων distributed residencies outside town centres, search Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: υφιστάμενων επιχειρήσεων σε νομικές services of health,προσωπικών education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,οντότητες (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where κεφαλαιουχικού χαρακτήρα, με στόχο την ενίσχυση της εξωστρέφειάς studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 she became teacher in the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and τους και την ενίσχυση της πρόσβασής τους στη χρηματοδότηση.

University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying των χρηματοδότησης των her workΠροώθηση are characterized by aεναλλακτικών passion for justice. μορφών See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: επιχειρήσεων (επιχειρηματικά κεφάλαια, crowdfunding κ.α.)

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

2521 11

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Έμφαση στην αναβάθμιση τωνof υφιστάμενων πολύ μικρών και GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types Intervention, μικρών επιχειρήσεων, με στόχο την ταχύτερη αποκόμιση θετικών Definition, of intervention, Concerns ofτην Gentrification επιπτώσεων στην οικονομίαTypes και απασχόληση.

Concerns Στην πέμπτη ενότητα παρατίθεται πλήθος ελληνόγλωσσης και

ξενόγλωσσης βιβλιογραφίας η οποία αφορά κυρίως έρευνες και Byέρευνας.

Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS μελέτες αναφορικά με το θέμα της

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect 4. Συνολική κριτική Student of the School of Architecture Η έρευνα αυτή είναι τεκμηριωμένη, σημαντική και University πρωτότυπη. Η Technical of Crete

πρωτοτυπία της έγκειται στο γεγονός ότι ο συγγραφέας 1. Introductory με approach: Defining theεπίκαιρο concept θέμα που αφορά την πραγματεύεται ένα εξαιρετικά 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, αποτελεσματικότητα των χρηματοοικονομικών εργαλείων η οποία ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the ακόμα δεν έχει αποτελέσει αντικείμενο έρευνας καθώς για πρώτη φορά among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the τα ΜΧΤ ofαξιοποιήθηκαν ουσιαστικά κατά τη διάρκεια της acquisition knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term προηγούμενης προγραμματικής περιόδου επίπεδο 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, (2007-2013) if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is area of σε Planning) (or gentrification 1 Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, ως μέσο Πολιτικής, gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a άσκησης cityisarea, theΠεριφερειακής removal (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various συνδυάζοντας τον τομέα της Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης με το ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, Χρηματοοικονομικό - Τραπεζικό τομέα. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results rising of land (and και theof Είναι επίσης αντικειμενική καθώςalso ο ερευνητής έχειprices συλλέξει whatever other consequences results also rising land prices (andνα the potential relative αναλύσει τα speculation). δεδομένα με has, αντικειμενικό τρόποofχωρίς δηλαδή potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to υπεισέρχονται προκαταλήψεις, ενδόμυχες επιθυμίες, προσωπικές The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor πεποιθήσεις, συναισθήματα και γενικά η to υποκειμενική αντίληψη στηνof the then observed trend wealthy people buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are ορθότητα των αποτελεσμάτων.

London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Είναι μεθοδική και συστηματική διότι η έρευνα διεξάγεταιRuth με being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth προδιαγραμμένο αριθμό επιχειρήσεων και διατέθηκε βάσει GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while situations wereμεrecorded in other major προγραμματισμού σε byεπιχειρήσεις ανάλογα το γεωγραφικό cities in Western countries, othersimilar Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, theτοissue has preoccupied several scholars more διαμέρισμα και αντικείμενο δραστηριοποίησής τουςand και for όχιits τυχαία Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various και συγχρόνως έχουν χρησιμοποιεί κατάλληλες μέθοδοι και τεχνικές comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following:στοιχεία που για να συγκεντρωθούν τα απαραίτητα πληροφοριακά interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new social groups χρειάζονται για το υπό μελέτη θέμα. Επιπρόσθετα, η of έρευνα είναι to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money αξιόπιστη καθώς πραγματοποιήθηκε έλεγχος αντιπροσωπευτικότητας and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the του 1.δείγματος ο οποίος επιβεβαίωσε ότι ο1912-1940. αριθμός των search επιχειρήσεων termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: του δείγματος ανά γεωγραφικό διαμέρισμα και δραστηριότητα είναι services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for στατιστικά μη of, διαφορετικός από τονand αντίστοιχο αριθμό επιχειρήσεων lower living cost “withdrawal” from private car access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published regarding cityphenomenon planning. 95%.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and του πληθυσμού, γιαstudies διάστημα εμπιστοσύνης University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Είναι έγκυρη διότι τα forαποτελέσματα της ENGLISH αναλύονται και her work are characterized by a passion justice. See also: COLLINS DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web,να in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

The Free Encyclopedia: ερμηνεύονται με ακρίβεια και σαφήνεια καιWIKIPEDIA: συγχρόνως μπορούν Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aγενικευθούν variety of ways, order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually στονinπληθυσμό. Επιπλέον, τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας 155 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept

συγκρούσεις, ανισότητες, εντάσεις the και concept 1. Introductory approach: ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), αντιφάσεις. Ένας τέτοιος Εκπαιδευτικός, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the είναι κατάλληλα γιατί σχετίζονται με παράλληλα με την προσπάθειά του να among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. τους σκοπούς της starts έρευνας. Η μεταλαμπαδεύσει τη στους acquisition of knowledge with the the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on thisγνώση “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term βιβλιογραφία καιurban οι βιβλιογραφικές 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term Μαθητές του, επιδιώκει να αναπτύξει gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 αναφορές παρουσιάζονται με τον gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as νοημοσύνη the “refining” of the removal (in various μέσω αυτής την καιa city την ενδεδειγμένο τρόπο και το λογισμικό Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways),τους of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ηθική στάση. ways), of social groups, usually ofείναι low-income and thethis placement of artists, (SPSS) που χρησιμοποιείται το However the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the κατάλληλο για τη στατιστική ανάλυση Ενδεικτική βιβλιογραφίαhas, results also rising of land prices (and the whatever other consequences potential relative speculation). των Γκότοβος δεδομένων. Συγχρόνως τα Αθ., Μαυρογιώργος Γ., potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is foundπίνακες) at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to παραρτήματα (σχήματα, Παπακωνσταντίνου Παν.: Κριτική The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy property in poor είναι καλά οργανωμένα κι totobuy the then observed trend wealthy people buy property in poor areas Παιδαγωγική καιthem, Εκπαιδευτική Πράξη.

London, upgrade stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof απαραίτητα για them, την κατανόηση London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are Εκδόσεις Gutenberg, Αθήνα, 1996. των being indirectly “squeezed”. αποτελεσμάτων έρευνας. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description ofτης thisΜιχ., phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Κασσωτάκης Φλουρής Γ.: ηofperiod, που AΤέλος, description thisγλώσσα phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS atκαι the same whileσύγχρονες similar in other major Μάθηση Διδασκαλία: GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major χρησιμοποιείται είναι byπροσεγμένη, cities in Western other Researchers. απόψεις για τις countries, διαδικασίες μάθησης και cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has επεξεργασμένη, επιστημονική και several scholars and for its more τη μέθοδο της διδασκαλίας. Ιδιωτική Since then,όπως the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from κυριολεκτική αρμόζει να είναι έκδοση, Αθήνα, 2006. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the of gentrification, the following: σε κάθε έρευνα. Τοphenomenon ύφος τουΑναλυτικά κειμένου Φλουρής Γ.: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In aσοβαρό, sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups είναι επίσημο, επιστημονικό, Προγράμματα για μια νέα εποχή στην to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money φροντισμένο και εναργές ενώ τα Εκπαίδευση. Εκδόσεις Γρηγόρης, and time to travel from the purlieus toΑθήνα, downtown, where work place is, lack of the συμπεράσματα και ταSociologist επιχειρήματά 1.of The termat comes from Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, 2010.

Berlin,συγγραφέα where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: του παρατίθενται με services of health, education, heart of the city”, (possibly) Ι.: entertainment Γνώθι το “at the YouthΧατζηγεωργίου Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for σαφήνεια, λογική οργάνωση, πειστική lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.where studies and research Prague, London and New York she came to back to London, curriculum: γενικάin Geneva, και ειδικά θέματα in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the τεκμηρίωση και κατάλληλο to another approach, the is due a systematic Αναλυτικών Προγραμμάτων και her social research. Her public actionand University informal College of London, where she continued and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying επικοινωνιακό ύφος, byόπως ταιριάζει her work are characterized a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Διδακτικής. Εκδόσεις Άτροπος, Αθήνα, and selling real estate, λόγο. etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: στον επιστημονικό 2004.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Κριτικό σημείωμα GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Μαυρ. ΠΑΝΟΥΡΓΙΑΣ: Η Συμβολή της Αυτοδιοίκησης Concerns

στην Τοπική Ανάπτυξη Μελέτη Περίπτωσης: Δήμος Μαραθώνος

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Της κυρίας Αρτ. Δ. ΣΑΒΒΙΔΟΥ Student of the School of Architecture Υποψ. Διδ., Μέλους Ειδ. Ειδ. Προσ.

Technical University of Crete

Πανεπ. ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος, Δικηγόρου

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Η Introductory the concept κρινομένηapproach: διπλωματική, η οποία βαθμολογήθηκε καιBC, μεAthens), άριστα ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), (10), other εκπονήθηκε και he παρουσιάστηκε τον Ιούνιο από τον among wise heritage left us, he established a great2016 “principle”: the among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a great acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content of“principle”: concepts. the Φοιτητή κ. Μαυρίκιο ΠΑΝΟΥΡΓΙΑ, στο πλαίσιο του Μεταπτυχιακού acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Προγράμματος Σπουδών «Εφηρμοσμένων Οικονομικών και 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης» του Τμήματος Οικονομικής και 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) gentrification (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης, τουofΠαντείου Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών με Sociology as well), as the “refining” a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, επιβλέποντα τον Καθηγητή κ. Ιωάννη και regardless Μέλη της ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andΨΥΧΑΡΗ thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there of Επιτροπής την Επίκουρη κ.also Βασιλική και τον the operation ofconsequences art galleries, Καθηγήτρια restaurants, etc.

However “change”, regardless whatever other has, results risingthis ofΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ land prices (and theof Αναπλ. Καθηγητή κ. Αντώνιο ΡΟΒΟΛΗ. whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). συγκεκριμένη μια and προσπάθεια TheΗterm gentrificationδιπλωματική is found at firstεργασία, in the UK συνιστά in early 1960s it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first inπου the UK in 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto συνδυασμένης μεθοδολογικής έρευνας έχει ωςearly απώτερο σκοπό την the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are διερεύνηση της σχέσης της τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης με την διαδικασίαof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. της τοπικής ανάπτυξης. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the workσυνδυάζοντας of Sociologist Ruth ολοκλήρωση της έρευνας γεφυρώνεται, το AΗ description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major θεωρητικό σκέλος βασισμένο σε πρωτογενείς πηγές (βιβλιογραφικές GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. αναφορές, νομικά κείμενα κ.α), με το εμπειρικό μέρος. Για εμπειρικό cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andτοfor its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more μέρος, ο συγγραφέας εκμεταλλεύτηκε καταρχήν, το εργαλείο της comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various «μελέτης περίπτωσης» (σ.σ Δήμος Μαραθώνα), και στη συνέχεια interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: εξειδίκευσε με of ποιοτικές (ημι-δομημένες ανοιχτού In a sense, the phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trendσυνεντεύξεις of a new of socialτύπου) groups to “return” to the city,(ανάλυση leaving the purlieus for severalέκδοση reasons: high costs in money και ποσοτικές ισολογισμών, αριθμοδεικτών) and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the μεθόδους.

The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, ακριβής δομή διαρθρώνεται ως εξής:study Berlin,Ηwhere she made herτης firstδιπλωματικής studies. In 1932 she published an important entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) YouthΣτο Unemployment.

The same year she left Germanyηand after continuous πρώτο κεφάλαιο, προσεγγίζεται έννοια της αυτοδιοίκησηςfor lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, και ο βαθμός της στο σύστημα διοικητικής οργάνωσης in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher της in the toσυμμετοχής another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and Ελλάδας. long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Το δεύτερο κεφάλαιο στον ρόλο τηςof αυτοδιοίκησης. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theαναφέρεται depreciation initially of part the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: οι αρμοδιότητες δήμου και περιφέρειας, καθώς και οι Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aΠαρουσιάζονται variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

βασικές πηγές εσόδων των δύο βαθμών, όπως έχουν καθοριστεί με βάση το Ν.3852/2010. Ιδιαίτερο ενδιαφέρον παρουσιάζει το τρίτο κεφάλαιο, όπου ορίζεται η έννοια της ενδογενούς – τοπικής ανάπτυξης, και αναλύεται το πλαίσιο του περιφερειακού προγραμματισμού. Αυτό που εξάγεται ως σημαντικό συμπέρασμα είναι ότι ο προγραμματισμός αποτελεί το

By Mr. ATHANASOPOULOS βασικό εργαλείο της αυτοδιοίκησης πουGeorge-Sp. την βοηθάC.να εκπληρώνει τους Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, στόχους της, στα πλαίσια των πολιτικών τοπικής ανάπτυξης.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Το τέταρτο κεφάλαιο, αποτελεί την εισαγωγή στο δεύτερο και Student of the School of Architecture εμπειρικό μέρος της έρευνας. Παρουσιάζεται η φυσιογνωμία του Δήμου Technical University of Crete Μαραθώνα και παρατίθενται ορισμένα βασικά στοιχεία (οικονομικά, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept μία πρώτη γνωριμία του κοινωνικά, γεωγραφικά κ.ά.) που επιδιώκουν 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, αναγνώστη με το περιβάλλον του δήμου.

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), amongΣτο otherπέμπτο wise heritage he left us, established(444 a great the κεφάλαιο, ο he συγγραφέας προβαίνει σε μια among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. επισκόπηση διάρθρωσης τουthe διοικητικού σχήματος του Δήμου και acquisition ofτης knowledge starts with the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term αναφέρεται συντομία στα νομικά is πρόσωπα 1εν Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if αυτού. notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Στο έκτο κεφάλαιο, εξειδικεύει την έρευνά του μέσα από μία gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal from this, (in various σειρά βασικών χρηματοοικονομικών αναλύσεων. Η προσπάθεια αυτή, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement of artists, αφενός αποτελεί σχετική καινοτομία, καθώς σε there γενικότερο the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever otherπλαίσιο consequences has, results also of land prices (andδεν theof ακαδημαϊκό και αναφορικά με rising ισολογισμούς δήμων whatever otherspeculation). consequences has,ανάλυσης results alsoμέσω risingαριθμοδεικτών of land prices (and the potential relative υπάρχει εκτεταμένη χρήση της στην potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found first in the UK in earlyμία 1960s and it refers to αντίστοιχη βιβλιογραφία και atαφετέρου συνιστά ενδιαφέρουσα The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor διαδικασία, μέσα trend από τηνwealthy οποία people προκύπτουν σαφή συμπεράσματα the then observed to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof αναφορικά με them, τα stay επίπεδα ρευστότητας, και London, upgrade themselves sometimes thereαποδοτικότητας and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. φερεγγυότητας του δήμου. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth κεφάλαιο, της AΤο description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included την inwere theποιοτική work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at έβδομο the same while περιλαμβάνει similar recorded inέρευνα other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major μελέτης. Ο συγγραφέας τον πίνακα συνεντεύξεων με cities in Western countries, byαφού other συνέθεσε Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholarsσε and forανάλυση its more ανοιχτού τύπου ερωτήματα, κατέληξε εν συνεχεία, μία Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various τύπου stakeholder analysis. Επέλεξε ένα δείγμα δέκα πληροφορητών, οι comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: απαντήσεις των οποίων διαμόρφωσαν ουσιαστικά την ενότητα αυτή. interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: In aτελευταία sense, theof phenomenon dueof to a trend ofκεφαλαίου, a new of social groups Στην παράγραφοis του εβδόμου παρουσιάζονται to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money οι βασικοί άξονες προτεραιότητας του νέου ΕΣΠΑ 2014-2020, and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the προσπαθώντας συνδέσουμε πιθανές προοπτικές τον δήμο 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruthγια GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety theνα distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin, where she made her τις firstχρηματοδοτικές studies. In 1932 she ευκαιρίες published anπου important study entitled: Μαραθώνα, μέσα από προσφέρονται services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for στην τρέχουσα προγραμματική περίοδο. lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In παραθέτει 1950 sheto became teacher in the Σεsheτελικό στάδιο, ο the συγγραφέας μία σειρά to another approach, is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying συμπερασμάτων σε ένα δομημένο κείμενο, που συνδέουν το θεωρητικό her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: με το εμπειρικό σκέλος της μελέτης.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Παρουσιάζοντας συνοπτικά τα βασικά συμπεράσματα Concerns έρευνας, προκύπτουν τα παρακάτω σημεία:

της

Αν και δεν είναι λίγες οι μεταρρυθμιστικές προσπάθειες σε Mr.τα George-Sp. C.μεταπολίτευσης ATHANASOPOULOS επίπεδο διοικητικής οργάνωσης, By από χρόνια της ως Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, και σήμερα, βασικά προβλήματα παραμένουν αδιόρθωτα. Καταρχήν,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect διατηρείται ο υψηλός βαθμός οικονομικής εξάρτησης της Student of the School of Architecture αυτοδιοίκησης από την κεντρική διοίκηση. Το Technical γεγονός University αυτό, εντείνει of Crete την ανάγκη επιτάχυνσης πολιτικών φορολογικής αποκέντρωσης.

1. Introductory the concept είναι σχεδόν βέβαιο ότι Ασκώνταςapproach: κριτική Defining στον Καλλικράτη, 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, έχει προκαλέσει σειρά χωροταξικών προβλημάτων στην πλειονότητα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great των πρωτοβάθμιων Ο.Τ.Α. Αποδείχθηκε προχειρότητα ως προς the τα among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. κριτήρια συνένωσης των νέων δήμων, κάτι που συνέβη και στην acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term περίπτωση του Καλλικρατικού Δήμου Μαραθώνα. Συνεπώς, απαιτείται 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 επαναξιολόγηση του Ν.3852/2010, ώστε να δώσει μια gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in ανάσα various ελευθερίας στη διοίκηση των δήμων.

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), groups, usually of low-income and έρευνας, thethis placement there of artists, Ωςof social προς το εμπειρικό σκέλος της ο συγγραφέας the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other επισημαίνει τα consequences παρακάτω: has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices the potential speculation). Ηrelative ανάλυση των οικονομικών καταστάσεων του (and Δήμου potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found first in the UK in2013), early 1960s and it refers to Μαραθώνα (οικονομικά έτη at2011, 2012, εμφάνισε μια The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ικανοποιητική οικονομική βάση για τον to δήμο, πουinσημαίνει ότιof the then observed trend wealthy people buy κάτι property poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are ενδεχόμενες αναπτυξιακές δράσεις δύναται να υλοποιηθούν (Όλα London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. αυτά, πάντα με“squeezed”. που συναντάμε συχνά στην οικονομική being indirectly A description ofτην thisπαραδοχή phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth επιστήμη -ceteris paribusότι οι λοιπές μεταβλητές του GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in ευρύτερου other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major οικονομικού περιβάλλοντος να παραμένουν cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. σταθερές). cities inΑπό Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, issue has preoccupied several scholars andσυμπέρασμα for its more τηνthe ανάλυση του ερωτηματολογίου, εξήχθη το Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from ότι υπάρχει διάθεση από την πλευρά των φορέων της σημερινής comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: διοίκησης του Δήμου για ανάληψη πρωτοβουλιών αναπτυξιακού interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups χαρακτήρα. Ωστόσο, επικαλούνται ανεπάρκεια πόρων και δυσκολία to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money πρόσβασης σε δανεισμό. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Όσον αφορά στις προοπτικές για τον Δήμο του search Μαραθώνα, termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter bornηin sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: αλήθειαofείναι ότιeducation, το ΕΣΠΑentertainment 2014-2020 συνιστά σημαντική ευκαιρία για services health, “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. την σημερινή διοίκηση. Ουτοπικά, θα μπορούσε να εντάξει studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the toδράσεις another approach, the is due aκενά, systematic and αναπτυξιακές που θα κάλυπταν τα υφιστάμενα εξαιτίας University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying της αδράνειας τωνby aπροηγούμενων ως προς την her work are characterized passion for justice. Seeδιοικήσεων also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ολοκλήρωση βασικών υποδομών.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Κριτικό σημείωμα GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification ΕΛ.Types ΣΤΑΥΡΑΚΑΚΗ Concerns Assessment of Master Thesis

“Sovereign Debt and FDI-A cross-country analysis with a

By Mr. George-Sp. special focus on Greece”C. ATHANASOPOULOS

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect of the SchoolΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ of Architecture ΤηςStudent Δρος Βασιλικής Technical University of Crete Επίκουρης Καθηγήτριας

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Τμήμ. Οικονομικής και Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Παντείου Κ.Π.Ε.

1. Introductory approach: the concept (444Πανεπιστημίου ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the The current assessment goes over the Master Thesis “Sovereign among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of on concepts.

Debt and therefore, FDI - A cross-country analysis withifaof special focus Greece”.

Based, on this “principle” a first, not final, approach, the term 1written Based, therefore, on “principle” inindicated a first, ifgraduated notthe final, approach, the term It has been bythis Eleonora Stavrakaki, student of the (and urban gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Master of Science in International Economics and Public Policy. It has Sociology as well), asby the “refining” of Doctor a city area, the from this,Chair (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and theremoval placement there of been supervised Professor Harms, from the of ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless of International Department Law and Economics of the the operation ofEconomics, art galleries, the restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other consequences has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof Johannes Gutenberg University Germany. whatever otherspeculation). consequences has,Mainz, resultsinalso rising ofThe landmotivation prices (and of the potential relative the thesis is based on the current economic crisis and how this problem potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to canthen be term tackled.

The objectives ofpeople theinresearch are by the The gentrification found at first the UK in earlyexpressed 1960s and itareas refers the observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas following questions: London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly Is upgrade there“squeezed”. athem, significant relationship between sovereign debt and being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon included in theextend? work of Sociologist Ruth Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)? Ifis yes, to which A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Would the case of Greece support the results?

GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

At first, the literature review presents the two main factors of cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more investigation the sovereign debt andsummarized FDI.several The first factor represents the Since then, the issue has preoccupied scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being below, from economic situation and the amount of indebtedness and the effect on comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations of the phenomenon of the following: the of each country.

Also, is category thoroughly reported, Ineconomic a sense, thegrowth phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a it new of social groups that the scientific community is divided into two groups, for and against to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from thebetween purlieus to downtown, where work place lack of the a possible connection debt and growth.

As far as is, the second 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruththe GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, for factor, it has been examined by perspective that FDI plays anin Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at heart ofand the has city”, (possibly) important role on the growth of athe country significant Youth Unemployment.

The economic same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague,progress.

London and This New York came back to London, contribution to technological canshebe derived from the in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and fact thatinformal many researches already tobrokers FDI’s University College of London, where shehave continued her socialtried research.

Herdefine public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passionthese for justice. also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. determinants.

Afteretc., reviewing twoSee parameters, is pointing out and selling realCOLLINS estate, for theCodepreciation initially of part it of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: that economic growth is their common parameter but they have an G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

opposite effect on it. Moreover, the relation between each other (sovereign debt - FDI) has not been under a systematic research by the scientific community. Many studies concentrate on high indebted countries or the interest of research has been triggered after the onset of crisis, but mainly focus on local or regional level.

Moreover, thesis provides a short, comprehensive and massive

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS economic analysis of the public debt and the FDI. The aim of this section Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, is to observe the evolution of the two main investigated variables and

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect their direct linkage not only in worldwide level but also in different Student of the School of Architecture income countries before and after the onset ofTechnical the economic crisis in University of Crete 2007. What can be deduced at this level is that the financial crisis has a 1. Introductory Defining concept increase of public debt reverse effect onapproach: the FDI level andthe a significant 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greekthat philosopher, in high income countries.

It seems the backing sector plays the link ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the between the two factors. among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts.

Exceptof from the theoretical and economicthereviews, the research acquisition knowledge starts with the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term approach continues an empirical analysis.

The purpose is term to 1 (and urban Based, therefore, onsetting this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 provide a better and more accurate justification of the linkage between gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various public debt and FDI in worldwide terms.

Therefore, a panel data set Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually ofcountries low-income and the placement artists, takes into consideration 102 which are observed in a of period the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other2001 consequences rising land (and theof of time from to 2012.has, Theresults modelalso tries to of find theprices appropriate whatever otherspeculation). consequences resultsand alsobring risingout of land prices (and of the potential relative variables which will be able tohas, describe the magnitude potential relative speculation). termExcept gentrification is found at first debt, in the these UK in early 1960s andopenness, it refers to theThe effect. from FDI or public are financial The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor remittances, inflation, taxation, political instability andof the then observed trend wealthyinfrastructure, people to there buy property areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus oldpoor residents are different incomethem, economies (high, lower middle, upper middle and high London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. income economies with public debt higher than 90% of GDP).

The being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth research that have been used are Pooled Effectmajor and A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the OLS, work Fixed of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at methods the same while similar recorded in other GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Random Effect.countries, For observing better the effect of the crisis and the cities in Western by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars its more evolution of the variables and their possible linkage, and the for period has Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various been divided into two sub-periods, 2001-2006 and 2007-2012. comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the thebelow, following: Regarding thephenomenon case study, of it gentrification, is a short theoretical analysis. It takes interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In aconsideration sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups into the high indebtedness of the country and its to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money consequences on country’s economic development and tries to find how and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the FDI 1.of could to residencies go Ruth backGLASS, on the track of search growth.

Thein The termcontribute from Sociologist 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born sense safety atcomes the distributed outside town centres, for Berlin, where sheismade her first studies. Inorder 1932 she published an important studyand entitled: presentation in chronological of those two variables it services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for helps toandbuild upin aGeneva, betterPrague, understanding about observe andetc. find lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private easier access to markets, studies research London and car New York them, she came back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the out the extent their linkage. toof another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying After an extensive research for defining the linkage between the her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web,at in 10th edit.

Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: public debt and theetc., FDI,for there some interesting conclusions.

Looking Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm athe variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually empirical model that sovereign debt has a significant negative effect 161 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns on FDI. Their relationship is also negative no matter whether the economy is in a recession period By or Mr. not.George-Sp. AccordingC.toATHANASOPOULOS the economic and Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, role Student, the empirical research, the financial sector plays an important on

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect the examined relation and it is considered as the link between them.

Student of the School of Architecture This could be the argument why the advanced Technical countriesUniversity are the ofmost Crete affected. As far as the upper middle income economies have been 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept affected, in less degree that the advanced countries. The link in their 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient philosopher, case is the trade channel.

InGreek the case of Greece, the linkage between ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage left us, he established a great the sovereign debt and FDI is he also negative.

The reasons are the continuous among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. loss of competiveness, the with increase of the difficulties ofconcepts. attracting acquisition of knowledge starts theindefinition the content of Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term foreign investments the decrease inflows and inwards stocks 1 (and urban Based, therefore, onand this “principle” inindicated aof first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 from the European counterparts after the onset of financial crisis. gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various The importance of this current master thesis is on its originality of Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the subject asart there is not such anetc. extended scientific research.

The the operation of galleries, restaurants, However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results and also rising of land prices theof familiarization with the literature in general with (and getting whatever other consequences also rising land prices (and the potential relative speculation). knowledge of the subject area has, and results the critical use ofof sources contributes potential relative speculation). term gentrification is found at first in the in early 1960sby andcreativity. it refers to to The set an empirical analysis.

Therefore, it isUK characterized The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor As as the choicetrend of research approach a logical connection to theof thefar then observed wealthy peoplehas to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are research task (economic, theoretical and empirical analysis).

The London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. solutions that derive from the empirical part, regarding the financial being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth sector, are aligned with the economic review. inwere A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major conclude, thisby master thesis poses clearly the negative cities inTo Western countries, other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then,between the issuethe has preoccupied for its more relationship sovereign debtseveral and thescholars FDI netand inflows.

Except Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various from the negative impact on the global economy, it seems that more the comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: advanced countries suffer more as their economies are financially interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend ofresearch a new groups interconnected.

Due to the originality of the topic,ofitsocial is pointing to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money the need for further research on the impact of debt on FDI, defining the and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the factors and the of residencies influence of the channels trade, 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruthsuch GLASSas was born in sense safety theextend distributed outside town centres, search for better Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: financial and business. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for V.markets, DELITHEOU lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the Professor to another approach, the is due aAss. systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences of Athens her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Πόπη ΣΤΕΡΙΑΔΟΥ Μία ευαίσθητη Συγγραφέας του καιρού μας Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Concerns Η Πόπη ΣΤΕΡΙΑΔΟΥ γεννήθηκε στα Ιωάννινα και μεγάλωσε στο

Βόλο. Η οικογένειά της κατοικούσε στην πόλη αυτή λόγω της υπηρεσίας του πατέρα της, ως ανωτέρουByστελέχους του C. Υπουργείου ΚοινωνιMr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS κής Πρόνοιας με έδρα Harvard του τηUniversity, Λάρισα. Graduate Σπούδασε πολιτικές επιστήμες School of Design, Student, Mr. George-Sp. Κοινωνικών C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect και είναι διδάκτωρ του ΠαντείουBy Πανεπιστημίου και ΠολιStudent of the School of Architecture τικών Επιστημών. Υπηρέτησε στη δημόσια διοίκηση σε θέσεις όλης της Technical University of Crete διοικητικής ιεραρχίας και συγκεκριμένα στο Υπουργείο Εθνικής Παιδείας και Θρησκευμάτων, όπου έφθασε μέχρι τον βαθμό της Γενικής 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept Διευθύντριας. Έχει αρθρογραφήσει και έχει με Athens), θέματα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher,εκδώσει (444 BC -έργα 370 BC, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), διοίκησης και εκπαίδευσης. Διετέλεσε επί σειρά ετών Πρόεδρος τουthe ιamong other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: among other wise heritage he left us,definition he established a greatof “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the of theΑττικής content concepts.Σύνστορικού πολιτιστικού φορέα της Νέας Ιωνίας «Ιωνικός acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, this “principle” a first,σημαντικό if of not final, approach, theέργο term δεσμος», θέση απόonτην οποία προσέφερε πολιτιστικό 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification στην πόλη αυτή. μέλος της Συντακτικής Επιτροπής του Περιοδι1 (andΕίναι gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various κού «Λυχνάρι», όπου και αρθρογραφεί και the Πρόεδρος και ιδρυτικό μέSociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, λος τουofΕργαστηρίου Νεωτερικής Ελληνικής Ποίησης Βασίλης Στεριάways), social groups, usually of low-income and the placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”,there regardless of δης, το οποίο ιδρύθηκε από την οικογένειά της μετά το θάνατο τουthe α-of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and δελφού της ποιητή Βασίλη Στεριάδη. Είναι μέλος Διοικητικού Συμwhatever other consequences has, results also risingτου of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). βουλίου του Κέντρου Σπουδής ΠολιτιThe term gentrification is found atκαι first Ανάδειξης in the UK inΜικρασιατικού early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople firstστη in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trendεδρεύει ofiswealthy to buy property in poor σμού(ΚΕ.ΜΙ.ΠΟ), που επίσης Νέα Ιωνία Αττικής. the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and residents areof Εμφανίσθηκε σταof γράμματα το έτος 2002 μεthus τοold μυθιστόρημα London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. «Το Κόμμα της Ανεμώνης» από τις εκδόσεις Ιωλκός. Στο έργο αυτό being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon δρόμοι is included the work ofδιοίκησης, Sociologist οRuth περιγράφονται οι πολυδαίδαλοι τηςinin δημόσιας διA description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar were in other major αρκής και σκληρός αγώνας των στελεχών της και όχι μόνο, για επικράGLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. τηση και εξουσία και η αναπόφευκτη άμεση σύνδεση διοίκησης καιmore ποcities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more λιτικής, φαινόμενο που χαρακτηρίζει τη δημόσια ζωή του τόπου μας, comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized from theβιβλίου various από την σύστασή του ως ανεξάρτητου κράτους. Οι ήρωες του interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations the phenomenon the following: συγκρούονται, επικρατούν, σε γεγονότα καιgroups περιIn a sense, theof phenomenon isανατρέπονται dueof togentrification, a trend ofμέσα a new category of social to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several high costs inκαι money γραφές διανθισμένες από την αστείρευτη πηγήreasons: της λογοτεχνίας της and timeγενικότερα, to travel fromδημιουργούν the purlieus toένα downtown, where is, lack of the τέχνης σκηνικό πουwork δεν place απέχει και πολύ 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, από την πραγματικότητα και τέλος δίνουν τη χαρά στον αναγνώστη Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment.

The sameτης yearγραφειοκρατίας, she left Germany and αλλά after continuous για την απομυθοποίηση και της εξουσίας.for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, Είναι ένα πολιτικό μυθιστόρημα. ΘαInμπορούσε του αποδοin According 1943 sheκαθαρά published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due aναsystematic and University College London, where she continued her social Her public and θεί και ο informal όρος of «διοικητικό» μυθιστόρημα, αφούresearch. η συγγραφέας διοχεlong-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. τεύει στη real γραφή της όλη την πολύχρονη εμπειρία τηςof από την υπηρεand selling estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: της ως στελέχους τηςthe Κεντρικής Διοίκησης.

Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aσία variety of ανωτάτου ways, in order to achieve “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Η διοικητικήGENTRIFICATION λογοτεχνία, όροςof πουIntervention, χρησιμοποιείται για να χαDefinition, Types ρακτηρίσει όσες αφηγηματικές προσπάθειες στοχεύουν ένα συγκεκριDefinition, Types ofδιοίκηση, intervention, Concerns of Gentrification μένο κομμάτι του επιστητού, τη δημόσια δεν αποτελεί παρά ένα από τα σημαντικά προϊόντα της μέθεξης μεταξύ αφήγησης και ποConcerns λιτικής ανάλυσης. Και ο όρος επίσης ΄΄Κόμμα της Ανεμώνης΄΄ είναι ένας

164

πολύ εύσχημος τρόπος για να κατονομάσει η συγγραφέας το κομματιBy Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS κό κράτος. Άλλωστε δεν είναι καθόλου τυχαίο, ότιC.στο Λεξικό των ΣυμHarvard University, Graduate School of Student, βόλων του Κούπερ, η ανεμώνη συμβολίζει τη θλίψη, τηνDesign, εγκατάλειψη

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect και τελικά το θάνατο.

Student of the School of Architecture Ο ήρωας εξάλλου του βιβλίου Μύρων, στοιχείο δεν πρέπει Technicalπου University of Crete να παραληφθεί, είναι η εκφορά της διακειμενικότητας, σύμφωνα με τη 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept θεωρία της Γαλλίδας ψυχαναλύτριας Julia Kristeva. Ο Σινόπουλος, ο 1.

Introductory approach: Definingphilosopher, the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Εμπειρίκος, ο Φράνσις ΣκωτGreek Φιντζέραλντ, ο Καρυωτάκης, ο Γιώργος ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great Θεοτοκάς με το Θεόφιλο Νοταρά του, ο Ουράνης, ο Γεώργιος Αθάνας,the ο among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with ofLuigi the content concepts. Καβάφης, ο Τίμος Μαλάνος, ο Καββαδίας, ο Piradello, ο Σεφέρης acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term κι οBased, κατάλογος είναι είναι όλοι το Μύρωνα, 1 (and therefore, onμακρύς, this “principle” inindicated a όσοι first, ifκρατάνε notthe final, approach, theπου term urban gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 είναι ανώτατο στέλεχος του Υπουργείου ΄΄Προστασίας και Ανάπτυξης gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Δασικού Πλούτου΄΄ της χώρας, στο απυρόβλητο της υπηρεσιακής φθοSociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of κι social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, ράς, όσο αν αυτό πολλές φορές τον σ’“change”, έναν ψυχολογικό, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.απορροφά However regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has, results also rising of land prices (andτου theof φροϋδικό,other εσωτερικό μονόλογο, προς τέρψιν σε κάθε περίπτωση, whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative αναγνώστη. potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found atτης first «Κυδωνιών in the UK in early and it refers to To δεύτερο μυθιστόρημά και1960s ΡέμπραντστραThe term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor ατ εκδόθηκε το wealthy έτος 2006 απόtoτον οίκο Εμπειρία the...γωνία», then observed trend people buyεκδοτικό property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof Εκδοτική. Καθώςthem, εκτυλίσσονται ταsometimes γεγονότα τηςand ζωής τηςresidents ηρωίδας London, upgrade stay themselves there thus old are being indirectly “squeezed”. Αναστασίας Σερέφη, εγγονής του εξέχοντος μέλους της τοπικής κοινωbeing indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth νίαςAΚλέαρχου Σερέφη, εξιστορούνται και τα in γεγονότα ιστορίας της description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included the recorded workτης of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar were in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major ΝέαςinΙωνίας Αττικής, από την ίδρυσή της έως τη σύγχρονη εποχή. Της cities Western countries, by other Researchers. cities inπου Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more πόλης, δικαίως ονομάστηκε «Μάντζεστερ» της Ελλάδας, γιατί σ' Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various αυτή ήκμασε η υφαντουργία, μία από τις σπουδαίες τέχνες που έφεραν comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, οι Μικρασιάτες πρόσφυγες στην Ελλάδα απόthe τιςfollowing: αξέχαστες πατρίδες interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In aΟ sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups τους. μυθιστορηματικός άλλωστε Κλέαρχος Σερέφης, διευθύνει μια to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money επιτυχημένη υφαντουργία. Η Αναστασία, μεγαλωμένη σε περιβάλλον and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the περιορισμού και γιαRuth το οποίο την ευθύνη δενsearch έχει μάλλον 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter bornοin sense safety theκαταπίεσης, distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she τον madeλατρεύει, her first studies.

In 1932οshe published an important study entitled: παππούς, που που είναι ήρωάς της άλλωστε, αποφασίservices of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for ζει να κάνει τηνof,επανάστασή της, ίσως γιατί θεωρεί και to τους lower living cost “withdrawal” from private car access markets, etc.της studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and Neweasier York she came back to γονείς London, where in According 1943 she published regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher the αδιάφορους γιαanother το studies άτομό της. Μια επανάσταση προς in έκto approach, the phenomenon isσοκαριστική, due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying πληξη του αναγνώστη. Το μυθιστόρημα αποτελεί ένα οδοιπορικό ανάher work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of partοδοιπορικό of the urban web,ηin 10th edit.

COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: μεσα στηWil. Νέα Ιωνία και σε πόλεις του εξωτερικού, της Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aρωίδας varietyαγωνιώδες, of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually επικίνδυνο και συναρπαστικό, που προκαλεί στον

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

αναγνώστη το επίσης αγωνιώδες ερώτημα, αν η Αναστασία θα κατορθώσει να απεγκλωβιστεί απ' αυτό. Στο βιβλίο συναντάμε και πάλι το Μύρωνα, πρωταγωνιστικό πρόσωπο και στο πρώτο βιβλίο της Πόπης ΣΤΕΡΙΑΔΟΥ και μάλλον από τα αγαπημένα της, με όλα τα προτερήματα και τα μειονεκτήματα, με τα οποία τον έπλασε η συγγραφέας. Η κριτική της λογοτεχνίας χαρακτήρισε και αυτό το βιβλίο ως πολιτικό. Η εξουMr. ελέχθη George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS σία κι εδώ, η πολιτική, ο εξέχων, By όπως Κλέαρχος Σεφέρης, η παHarvard University, Graduate School of Design,οStudent, ραστρατημένη εγγονή Αναστασία, ακόμη κι ο άλλος εγγονός, καλλιBy Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect τέχνης Στρατής, εμπλέκονται κι αυτοί σ’ ένα στρόβιλο επιβολής και Student of the School of Architecture αγώνα για κυριαρχία. Είναι όμως κι ένα ψυχογραφικό μυθιστόρημα, Technical University of Crete αφού όλοι οι ήρωες με πρώτη την Αναστασία, σκέπτονται, ενεργούν, 1. Introductory Defining the concept αντιδρούν, κάτω approach: από την πίεση έντονων ψυχολογικών συγκρούσεων.

1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient philosopher, To μυθιστόρημα «Με Greek το μαράζι του έρωτα», τίτλος παρμένος the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among wise he left us, he established aπου great the απόANTISTHENIS, τοother ποίημα «Ηheritage Αυτοψία» του Οδυσσέα Ελύτη, ανήκει στην ποιamong other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ητική του συλλογή «Έξη καιwith μία the τύψεις για τονthe ουρανό», εκδόθηκε το acquisition of knowledge starts content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term έτοςBased, 2009,therefore, επίσης από την ΕμπειρίαisinΕκδοτική είναι το τρίτο 1 (and urban on this “principle” a first, if (in notκαι final, approach, the της term gentrification) indicated the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Πόπης ΣΤΕΡΙΑΔΟΥ. gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Εδώ, όχι μόνο τα πρόσωπα αλλά κι ο χρόνος είναι πρωταγωνιSociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, στής. Ηofιστορία μιας οικογένειας που τωρινή μοναχική της απόληξη the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.ηHowever “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has, κοπέλες, results also rising of landπαράλληλα prices (and the είναι δύοother πανέμορφες δίδυμες εκτυλίσσεται μεof whatever other consequences results also rising of land prices (andΟthe potential relative την ιστορία τουspeculation). νησιού της has, ποιήτριας Σαπφούς, του νομπελίστα potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to δυσσέα Ελύτη.

The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trendεξομολογείται ofiswealthy to μεταπτυχιακές buy property in poor Η συγγραφέας ότι οι τηςof the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property inσπουδές poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents are κόρης της, ήταν them, η αφορμή για να γνωρίσει τοthere νησίand κι ότι έκθαμLondon, upgrade stay themselves sometimes thusέμεινε old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. βη στην πρώτη της επίσκεψη, όταν βγήκε από το αεροδρόμιο και αντίbeing indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth κρισε το του που isαπλώθηκε μπροστά της. Το τοπικό A description of thisΑιγαίου, phenomenon included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at θαύμα the same period, while similar situations in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major χρώμα του νησιού, η ποιήτρια Σαπφώ, ο Οδυσσέας Ελύτης, όπως ήδη cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied otherπου Researchers.

Since then, οthe issue has several scholars and forπλατείες, its more αναφέρθηκε, φοιτητόκοσμος κατακλύζει δρόμους και Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various οι ευγενείς κάτοικοι της Μυτιλήνης, η ιδιαίτερη και τιμητική αντιμετώcomprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of Λέσβιους the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: πιση από τους των γυναικών, η μεγάλη παράδοση στην παinterpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon dueπνευματικών togentrification, a trend of a new of groups ραγωγή ελαιολάδου, αλλά is και ανθρώπων. Η social μοναστική to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money παράδοση με τα ιστορικά μοναστήρια του νησιού. Το Μοναστήρι του and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Αγίου Ραφαήλ, η Μονή του Ταξιάρχη. Όλα ζήτησαν και τοsearch κατόρθωσαν 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, whereστο she made her first studies.

In 1932 sheάλλο published anκοινωνικοπολιτικό, important study entitled: να μπούνε βιβλίο. Και να συνθέσουν ένα services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for αλλά και μυθιστόρημα. lower living cost of,ψυχογραφικό “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies andβαθειά research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943Τα she πρόσωπα published studies regarding city planning.

1950 sheto became teacher in the του βιβλίου είναι έναςInξυπόλητος, θεληματικός, to another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying εργατικός γενάρχης, ένας επικούρειος σοφός καλόγερος, ένας γοητευher work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web,αin 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd.με London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: τικός παλαιοπώλης, μια μητέρα φύση καλλιτεχνική, οι δίδυμες Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aσφαλώς variety της of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually ιστορίας με όλα τα γνωρίσματα της λαϊκής παράδοσης αλ165 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

λά και της επιστήμης για τα δίδυμα τέκνα και ο Σοφοκλής με το μετέωρο βήμα που χρειαζόταν «μια καλοπροαίρετη σπρωξιά από μια καλή νεράιδα». Αλλά κι ένα αντικείμενο - οικογενειακό κειμήλιο - που φυλάσσεται μέσα σε πανί και σίδερο, παραδίδεται από πρόγονο σε επίγονο, χαράζει ψυχές και συνειδήσεις, ώσπου χάνονται τα ίχνη του, αφήνοντας στον αναγνώστη το ερώτημα αν θα ξαναβρεθεί. Ένας έρωτας Mr. George-Sp. C. τέλος, ανάμεσα σε βασανιστικέςByσυμπληγάδες. ΘαATHANASOPOULOS απεγκλωβιστεί ο Harvard University, Graduate School Design, Student, ήρωας; Άλλο ένα ερώτημα, που η Πόπη ΣΤΕΡΙΑΔΟΥ of υποβάλλει στον

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect αναγνώστη. Όλ’ αυτά περιγράφονται μεStudent αδρότητα, ευαισθησία, οξυof the School of Architecture δέρκεια και τρυφερότητα. Με έναν άρτιο λογοτεχνικό που of εντύTechnicalλόγο, University Crete πωση προκαλεί η μουσικότητα που τον διακρίνει, στοιχείο με το οποίο Introductory approach: οι Defining θα1.πρέπει να ασχοληθούν ειδικοί.the concept 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient philosopher, Ένα αφήγημα με όλη Greek της σημασία της έννοιας, στο βαθμό που ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the συμπυκνώνει όλες τις θεμελιώδεις συνιστώσες (444 και τους 370 βασικούς μηamong other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. χανισμούς της αφήγησης. Είναι ένα ψυχο-αφήγημα και of πάλι, επενδεacquisition of knowledge starts withκιthe the content concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term δυμένο με therefore, βαρύ ιστορικό υλικό, στοιχείο που ifδεν από κανένα 1 (and Based, on this “principle” inindicated a first, notλείπει final, approach, the έρterm urban gentrification) is (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 γο της συγγραφέως. gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Η Πόπη ΣΤΕΡΙΑΔΟΥ εν τέλει, αποδεικνύει με το έργο της αυτό, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, ότι έχειofκατακτήσει τους δύσκολους απαιτητικούς γνωστικά και the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.και However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land αφηγηματικής prices (and theof μορφωτικά κώδικες της ιστορικής και ιστοριογραφικής whatever otherαλλά consequences has, results also rising of land pricesδηλαδή (and the potential relative speculation). μυθοπλασίας, και της «μυθοπλασίας», της κατασκευής potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is foundτους at first inείναι the UK in early 1960s and itαλλά refers to χαρακτήρων, που η σύστασή δεν μόνο ψυχολογική, και The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor γονεακή και συλλογική καιwealthy ζήτημαpeople πολιτισμικών νοοτροπιών καιareas ταυ-of the then observed trend to there buy property in poor London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are τοτήτων.

London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are

166

being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth μια μέσα στην τέχνη», τιτλοφορείται το τέταρA description of thisζωή phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS«ΠΑΣΙΡΟ at the same period, while similar in other major το βιβλίο της συγγραφέως, που παρουσιάζουμε. Εκδόθηκε τον Ιούλιο GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. του 2013 και the αποτελεί, όπως γίνεται εμφανές από τονand τίτλο μια Since then, issue has several scholars for του, its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more βιογραφία. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various comprehensive approach being summarized below, various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Η συγγραφέας δίνειare στον αναγνώστη μέσα απόfrom την the αφήγηση interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In γεγονότων a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of of social groups των της ζωής του καλλιτέχνη, τηa new φλογερή προσπάθεια και to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money την αγάπη του για την τέχνη, που με ζήλο και εντιμότητα καλλιέργησε, and time to travel Τους from the purlieus to downtown, where work place του is, lack of the τη ζωγραφική. σταθμούς στη εξέλιξη1912-1940. του χρωστήρα Νεοϊωtermat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, νιώτη ΠΑΣΙΡΟ (Παρασκευά Πασίρογλου) και τις περιόδους Berlin, ζωγράφου where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment.

The same υιοθετηθεί year she left Germany and after continuous του έργου του,of, που έχουν απόcarτην κριτική της τέχνης. etc. Είναι lower living cost “withdrawal” from private easier access to markets, studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where ηinπρώτη πουstudies η approach, Πόπη ΣΤΕΡΙΑΔΟΥ καταπιάνεται με τοteacher δύσκολο 1943 sheφορά published regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became in the According to another the is due a systematic and University College London, where she her social research.

Her public action and αυτό είδος της ofλογοτεχνίας. Τη continued βιογραφία δηλαδή. Ωστόσο, τοofαποτέlong-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban web,Τα in λεσμα είναι εξίσου άρτιο με αυτά των προηγούμενων βιβλίων της.

10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns Βιβλιογραφικές αναφορές

σε καθαρή συναρπαστική λογοτεχνία. Το υπό έκδοση τελευταίο μυθιστόρημα της Πόπης ΣΤΕΡΙΑΔΟΥ είναι εμπνευσμένο από την κρίση.

1. Σπύρου Μακρή: «Η διοικητική λογοτεχνία ως πηγή πολιτικής ανάλυσης», Περιοδικό ΕΡΕΥΝΑ, αρ. φ. 37.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS 2. Γρηγορίου Παγκάκη: «Η απομυθοποίηση της γραφειοκρατίας», στο ίHarvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, διο ως άνω τεύχος, του ίδιου περιοδικού.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect 3. Χρήστου Ρουμελιωτάκη: Πόπης Στεριάδου, «Το Κόμμα τηςofΑνεμώνης», Student of the School Architecture Περιοδικό Λυχνάρι, τ. 10.

Technical University of Crete 4. Αργυρώ Βερυκίου – Μπαλντά: «Το Κόμμα της Ανεμώνης», Περιοδικό 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Νήρικος, τ. 53.

1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, 5. Νίκης Καλτσόγια – Τουρναβίτη: «Εκλογές 2009 και Δημόσια ΔιοίκηANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left he established(444 a great the ση», Περιοδικό Δημόσιος Τομέας, τ. us, 206. among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he «Το established a great the acquisition of knowledge with of the content of“principle”: concepts.

6. Κωνσταντίνος Γ.starts Αθανασόπουλος: Κόμμα της Ανεμώνης», Περιοacquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term δικό Επιθεώρηση Αποκέντρωσης Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης και Περιφερειακής 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification Ανάπτυξης, τ. 43.

1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various 7. «Κυδωνιών και Ρέμπρανστραατ…..γωνία», εφημερίδα Χτύπος, αρ. φ.

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London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”.

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12. inΑργυρώς Βερνικίουby Μπαλντά: «με το μαράζι του έρωτα» στην ίδια ως cities countries, other Researchers.

Since Western then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more άνω παρουσίαση.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from 13. Πόπης Στεριάδου: «Με το μαράζι του έρωτα», INDEX, ΜΗΝΙΑΙΟ ΠΕΡΙcomprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: ΟΔΙΚΟ ΓΙΑ ΤΟ ΒΙΒΛΙΟ, Τ.

33. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups 14. Δήμητρας Παυλάκου: «Η επιστήμη συναντά τον Πολιτισμό: περίto “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs inΗmoney πτωση της Πόπης Στεριάδου», ομιλία στην παρουσίαση του βιβλίου «με το and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the μαράζι του έρωτα», από τον Σύνδεσμο τέως Γενικών Διευθυντών των Υπουρ1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS was born sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for betterin Berlin,16-4-2010. where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: γείων, services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for 15. Πόπης «ΠΑΣΙΡΟ ΜΙΑ ΖΩΗ ΜΕΣΑ ΣΤΗΝ ΤΕΧΝΗ», περιοδικό lower living costΣτεριάδου: of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Λυχνάρι, τ. 53. in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued socialΣΤΗΝ research.

Her public action and 16. Πόπης Στεριάδου: «ΠΑΣΙΡΟ ΜΙΑ ΖΩΗher ΜΕΣΑ ΤΕΧΝΗ», ΗofΣπάρτη long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. της Ανατολής, περιοδική έκδοση της Ένωσης initially Σπάρτης Ασίας, αρ.web, φ. 6.in and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation ofΜικράς part of the urban 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Α.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Κωνστ. ΖΩΜΠΟΣ: Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Ο ρόλος της ΤοπικήςConcerns Αυτοδιοίκησης στην ενίσχυση Κριτικό σημείωμα

των Μικρομεσαίων Επιχειρήσεων και της επιχειρηματικότητας Ελλάδα. Ανάλυση By στην Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, εμπειρικών παραδειγμάτων

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Της κυρίας Αρτ.University Δ. ΣΑΒΒΙΔΟΥ Technical of Crete

Υποψηφ. Διδ., Ε.Δ.Π. Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ

168

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία με τίτλο «Ο ρόλος της Τοπικής ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wiseστην heritage he left των us, he established(444 a great the Αυτοδιοίκησης ενίσχυση Μικρομεσαίων Επιχειρήσεων και among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. της επιχειρηματικότητας στην Ελλάδα. Ανάλυση εμπειρικών acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term παραδειγμάτων», εκπονήθηκε και παρουσιάστηκε τον Ιούνιο 2016 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, theαπό term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 τον Φοιτητή κ. Κωνσταντίνο ΖΩΜΠΟ, στο πλαίσιο του Μεταπτυχιακού gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Προγράμματος Σπουδών «Εφηρμοσμένων Οικονομικών και Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης» τουetc. However Τμήματος Οικονομικής και the operation of art galleries, restaurants, “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης, του Παντείου Αθηνών μεof whatever other consequences has, results alsoΠανεπιστημίου rising of land prices (and the whatever other consequences has, resultsκ. also rising ofΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ. land prices (and the potential relative speculation). επιβλέπουσα την Επίκουρη Καθηγήτρια Βασιλική potential relative speculation).

TheΠριν termαναλυθεί gentrification is foundοatρόλος first inτης theΤοπικής UK in early 1960s and it refers to σε βάθος Αυτοδιοίκησης έγινε The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor από τον συγγραφέα μία περιγραφή –καταγραφή της σημερινής the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents are υπάρχουσας κατάστασης, όπου τα sometimes υψηλά δημοσιονομικά η London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thusελλείμματα, old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. μη ορθολογική διαχείριση των δημόσιων δαπανών, το τεράστιο being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth δημόσιο ηofperiod, έλλειψη εξαγωγών, η έλλειψη ανταγωνιστικότητας A description this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at χρέος, the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major και η λειτουργία της αγοράς εργασίας αποτελούν τα αίτια της cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. οικονομικής πουhas πλήττει την Ελλάδα καιscholars επισημάνθηκε τον Since then,κρίσης the issue several and for από its more Since then, the issue has several scholars for various its που more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied beingσυγκυρία summarized below, the ίδιο πως η τρέχουσα οικονομική καθώς και from ηand πολιτική comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations phenomenon ofαντιστάθμιση gentrification, thebelow, following: ασκείται μεof the στόχο την των ελλειμματικών interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend a new of social groups προϋπολογισμών και την ενδυνάμωση τηςofπροοπτικής διαχείρισης των to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money δημοσιονομικών χρεών, απαιτεί εξορθολογισμό του δημοσίου τομέα and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the τόσο σεsafety επίπεδο δαπανών όσο Ruth και GLASS, σεoutside επίπεδο αποτελεσματικότητας termat comes from Sociologist 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe the distributed residencies town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: και οργάνωσης. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year sheουleft Germany and after continuous movements for Κεφαλαίου καταδεικνύεται, ότι η Στα συμπεράσματα τουfrom 1London lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Τοπική Αυτοδιοίκηση δεν μπορεί ούτε πρέπει να απλός in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 she teacher in the to another approach, the is due tobecame a μείνει systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying παρατηρητής των αλλαγών. Όμως, δεν πρέπει να γίνει και μέρος του her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially ofτης partλύσης of the urban web, in προβλήματος, αντιθέτως οφείλει να γίνει μέρος του, αφού 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: wetzel/gentry.htm aσήμερα variety είναι of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually περισσότερο πιο http://www.uncanny.net/ επιτακτική η ανάγκη από ποτέ να

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

δημιουργηθεί ένα διαφορετικό μοντέλο διοίκησης και λειτουργίας της τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης σε σχέση με αυτό που επικρατούσε. Η αξιοποίηση ευρωπαϊκών και εθνικών προγραμμάτων για έργα ουσίας και όχι βιτρίνας, η συνεργασία με τον ιδιωτικό τομέα, οι συμπράξεις με διάφορους φορείς για περιβαλλοντικές και κοινωνικές πρωτοβουλίες, οι διαδημοτικές και διαπεριφερειακές συνεργασίες με George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS στόχο τις οικονομίες κλίμακας,Byη Mr. επένδυση στην τοπική ανάπτυξη Harvard University, Graduate School Design, Student, (επιχειρηματικότητα, τουρισμός, πολιτισμός, τοπικά ofπροϊόντα κτλ.)

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect είναι μόνο μερικοί από τους τομείς στουςStudent οποίους πρέπει να στραφεί η of the School of Architecture τοπική αυτοδιοίκηση, ώστε να μπορέσει να ανταποκριθεί Technical University ofστις Crete σύγχρονες ανάγκες.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Η δημιουργία δομών ανταγωνισμού, η προσέλκυση των 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientτης Greek philosopher, επενδύσεων, η προαγωγή επιχειρηματικότητας και η ανάπτυξη ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great αποτελεσματικού ανθρώπινου δυναμικού είναι το νέο στοίχημα που the θα among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. πρέπει να κερδίσει η τοπική αυτοδιοίκηση. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term ο Κεφάλαιο αναλύεται η έννοια της επιχειρηματικότητας και Στο 2therefore, 1 (and urban Based, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and των ΜΜΕ στην Ελλάδα. Οι ΜΜΕ αποτελούν σήμερα έναν gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom area of σημαντικό Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal this, (in various παράγοντα της οικονομικής ζωής, λόγω του μεγάλου αριθμού τους, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, of low-income andαπασχόληση. thethis placement of artists, αλλά κυρίως τηςusually συμβολής τους στην Ωστόσο ένα the operation ofλόγω art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has, results also rising of land prices theof μεγάλο other ποσοστό των MΜΕ έρχεται αντιμέτωπο με (and σοβαρά whatever other consequences has, results rising of landχρήματος prices (andκαι the potential relative speculation). προβλήματα μάνατζμεντ, αύξηση του also κόστους του potential relative speculation).

The term is found at first in the UK in earlyή1960s it refers to μείωση τηςgentrification ανταγωνιστικότητας των προϊόντων τωνand υπηρεσιών The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor τους. Σύμφωνα πάντοτε μεwealthy την άποψη συγγραφέως, ανάπτυξη the then observed trend peopleτου to there buy property in ηpoor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof των ΜΜΕ και them, η ενδυνάμωση τηςsometimes επιχειρηματικότητας London, upgrade stay themselves there and thus oldαποτελούν residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. πλέον βασικούς“squeezed”. της ανταγωνιστικότητας της και κυρίως being indirectly A description ofπυλώνες this phenomenon is included in the work of ΕΕ Sociologist Ruth της A Ελλάδας καιofηperiod, ανάγκη συνειδητοποίησης της αξίαςofτων ΜΜΕmajor και description this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major της προώθησης της επιχειρηματικότητας cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. είναι πλέον επιτακτική. Ως cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then,αυτού the issue has and forαλλά its more αποτέλεσμα οι ΜΜΕ θα πρέπει ναseveral έχουν scholars την ικανότητα και Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various την ταχύτητα να ανταποκριθούν στις συνθήκες της νέας comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: πραγματικότητας. Για να επιτευχθεί ο στόχος της κερδοφορίας και interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense,θα theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups ανάπτυξης πρέπει να διαθέτουν υψηλού επιπέδου οργάνωση και to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money υποδομές και παράλληλα να εξασφαλίσουν χαμηλότερο κόστος and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the απόκτησης κεφαλαίων τοsearch σύνολο τωνin 1.of The termδανειακών from Sociologist Ruth εκμεταλλευόμενες GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her first studies. Inεργαλείων 1932 she published an important study entitled: προσφερόμενων χρηματοδοτικών και κυρίως την υιοθέτηση services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for και προώθηση ενός επιχειρηματικού κλίματος που θα ευνοεί την lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc. studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she came to back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she teacher in the παραγωγή, την καινοτομία και την ανάπτυξη υγειών επιχειρήσεων. to another approach, the phenomenon is due tobecame a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and ο ο long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Στα επόμενα Κεφάλαια (3 και 4 ) περιγράφονται αναλυτικά ο her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.της Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: θεσμός τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης και 2009. ηinitially (παράλληλη) ανάπτυξη των Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aΜΜΕ. variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 169 2521 11

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Πρωταγωνιστικό ρόλο στην ανάπτυξη και διασφάλιση αυτών των προϋποθέσεων οφείλουν να έχουν οι ΟΤΑ ως ο πιο κοντινός στον πολίτη φορέας εξουσίας. Ο στρατηγικός σχεδιασμός είναι υποχρέωση των τοπικών αρχών και κυρίως της Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης. Το θεσμικό πλαίσιο της Τοπικής διακυβέρνησης στην Ελλάδα έχει παραχωρήσει στην Τοπική Αυτοδιοίκηση μικρότερο αριθμό

By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS αρμοδιοτήτων σε σχέση με την Ευρώπη, όμως τοC.τελευταίο διάστημα Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, οι αρμοδιότητες έχουν αυξηθεί και μάλλον αργά αλλά σταθερά θα

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect συγκλίνουμε με τα Ευρωπαϊκά δεδομένα. Άρα ο ρόλος της Τοπικής Student of the School of Architecture Αυτοδιοίκησης είναι καθοριστικός για τη χάραξη της στρατηγικής και Technical University of Crete για να μπορέσουν να αναπτύξουν αυτές τις πρωτοβουλίες οι ΟΤΑ θα 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept πρέπει να εξασφαλιστούν δύο βασικοί παράμετροι: Πρώτη και βασική 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, Greek philosopher, παράμετρος είναιtheηancient συμμετοχή των Δήμων στον αναπτυξιακό ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among otherτης wiseχώρας heritage left us, he established a great the σχεδιασμό μεheσεβασμό στις τοπικές ιδιαιτερότητες και among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. χαρακτηριστικά των περιοχών. προϋπόθεση είναι καθαρές acquisition of knowledge starts withΔεύτερη theindefinition the content of οι concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term λύσεις σεtherefore, αρμοδιοτήτων και κεντρικής 1 επίπεδο Based, on this “principle” is inindicated aαυτοδιοίκησης first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 διοίκησης. Η επικάλυψη αρμοδιοτήτων που παρατηρείται σε gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (inπολλές various περιπτώσεις δημιουργεί προβλήματα και στέκεται τροχοπέδη στην Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, ανάπτυξη και επιχειρηματικότητα. the operation of την art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences results rising ofστην land ανάκαμψη prices (andτης theof Η Τοπική Αυτοδιοίκησηhas, οφείλει ναalso συμβάλλει whatever other consequences also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). εθνικής οικονομίας και has, στηresults δημιουργία των κατάλληλων potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK inανάπτυξη, early 1960s and it refers to προϋποθέσεων για βιώσιμη οικονομική μέσω της The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor πολλαπλής στήριξης της wealthy επιχειρηματικότητας και των ιδιωτικών the then observed trend people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof επενδύσεων. Στοthem, επίκεντρο αυτής της προσπάθειας, οι εξής London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes there andβρίσκονται thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. κύριοι στόχοι: being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth μεγάλων πολεοδομικών που A•description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded workζητημάτων of Sociologist Ruth GLASS atΗtheτακτοποίηση same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major αφορούν σε χρήσεις γης, οικιστικού ελέγχου, τοπικά χωρικά και cities in Western countries, byζώνες other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Since then,που the issue has severalσεscholars and forγραφεία its more άλλα σχέδια λιμνάζουν εδώResearchers. και χρόνια πολεοδομικά Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Δήμων και υπουργείων comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, following: • Δημιουργία ενός ιδιαίτερα ευνοϊκού the περιβάλλοντος για τις interpretations of the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due togentrification, a trendπροσπάθειες of a new social groups υφιστάμενες επιχειρήσεις και συνεχείς γιαofπροσέλκυση to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money και άλλων επιχειρήσεων. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the •The Ανάδειξη των συγκριτικών πλεονεκτημάτων των προς termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruthκαι GLASS wasbetter born in sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin, where she made her first studies. Inγια 1932 she published an important study entitled: αξιοποίηση φυσικών πόρων αξιοποίηση, προκειμένου να services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for προσελκυσθούν ιδιωτικές επενδύσεις δημιουργούν θέσεις lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Newπου York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the απασχόλησης νέα εισοδήματα. toκαι another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying • Πολιτικές για την ενίσχυση των καινοτομιών και των her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially part of the urban web,τις in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd.ώστε Londonαυτές 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: τεχνολογιών σε τοπικό επίπεδο, ναofαξιοποιηθούν από Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aεπιχειρήσεις variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually και να προσελκυσθούν ιδιωτικά επενδυτικά κεφάλαια.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Η Τοπική Αυτοδιοίκηση μπορεί και οφείλει να γίνει η «γέφυρα» και ο «κύριος πόλος» για την προσέλκυση και διευκόλυνση της πραγματοποίησης ιδιωτικών επενδύσεων, δίνοντας κυρίως έμφαση στην υποστήριξη της νεανικής επιχειρηματικότητας με ενέργειες, όπως: • Δημιουργία Γραφείου Υποστήριξης Νέων Επιχειρηματιών, σε

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS επίπεδο Δήμου.

Harvard University, School of Design, • Ίδρυση Θερμοκοιτίδας ΝεοφυώνGraduate Επιχειρήσεων (start up)Student, για τη

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect «φιλοξενία» καινοτόμων επιχειρήσεων, που θα αξιοποιούν το τοπικό Student of the School of Architecture παραγωγικό δυναμικό.

Technical University of Crete • Συνεργασία με πιστωτικά ιδρύματα για την ανάπτυξη 1. Introductory approach: Defining theκαι concept χρηματοδοτικών εργαλείων ίδρυσης λειτουργίας επιχειρήσεων από 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, νέους.

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other heritage he left us,ηhe established(444 a great the Κεφάλαιο αναλύεται περίπτωση του Δήμου Αθηναίων, Στο 5ο wise among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ως επιτυχημένο παράδειγμα ΟΤΑ για theτην ενίσχυση της acquisition of knowledge starts with thein definition content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term επιχειρηματικότητας.

1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification

1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Δυναμικές, πρωτοβουλίες και οργανωμένο Sociology as well), asπρωτοποριακές the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, σχέδιο, όπως στην μελέτη περίπτωσης του Δήμου της Αθήνας, είναι τα the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other has, results also Επιχειρησιακό rising of land prices (and theof συστατικά πουconsequences πρέπει να περιέχει κάθε Πρόγραμμα whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, αυτοδιοίκηση results also rising prices (and the potential ώστε ναrelative αλλάξει μορφή η τοπική καιof ναland συμβάλει με τον potential relative speculation).

The term is found at first the UKανάπτυξη in early 1960s andνα it refers τρόπο αυτόgentrification στην περιφερειακή και inεθνική ώστε βγει to η The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor χώρα από την κρίση. the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof Το upgrade «Έργο: them, Αθήνα» αποτελεί sometimes ένα τέτοιο ολοκληρωμένο σχέδιο London, stay themselves there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ανάπτυξης, αποτελεί το όχημα του Δήμου Αθηναίων ώστε να being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth μεταμορφώσει την Αθήνα σεsimilar μια isδυναμική και A description ofperiod, this phenomenon included in theσύγχρονη work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while situations were recorded inευρωπαϊκή other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major πρωτεύουσα. πόληby μεother νέεςResearchers. παραγωγικές και κοινωνικές δομές και cities in WesternΜια countries, cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issueοικονομία, has and for its more ανθηρή καινοτομική που θαseveral σφύζειscholars από δημιουργικότητα, Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the με έντονα εξωστρεφή και νεανικό χαρακτήρα. Μια πόλη λειτουργική comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: για τους κατοίκους της και ελκυστική για τους επισκέπτες της. Το interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon togentrification, a trend of a Αθήνα», new of social groups πολυδιάστατο αναπτυξιακόis due σχέδιο «Έργο: υλοποιείται υπό to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money την εποπτεία της Εταιρείας Ανάπτυξης & Τουριστικής Προβολής and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Αθηνών (ΕΑΤΑ) και Sociologist στοχεύει την ολοκλήρωσή του ναin 1.of The term from Ruthμέχρι GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: χρηματοδοτήσει συνολικά έργα ύψους 189 εκατ. ευρώ περίπου. Ήδη services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for υλοποιούνται 66in έργα, Prague, προϋπολογισμού 132,14 εκατ. ευρώ, ενώ lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access to markets, etc. studies and research Geneva, London and car Neweasier York she came back to London, where in According 1943 she published regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the μελετώνται 20 έργαstudies ύψους 40 εκατ. ευρώ. to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Σχεδόν 11 χιλιάδες εταιρείες εδρεύουν και ασκούν επιχειρηματική her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web,με in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. Londonορίων 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: δραστηριότητα εντός των διοικητικών του Δήμου Αθηναίων, Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aτη variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve theστην “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually συντριπτική πλειοψηφία να ανήκει κατηγορία των Μικρών και

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

172

Πολύ Μικρών επιχειρήσεων. Οι εν λόγω εταιρείες καλύπτουν ένα ιδιαίτερα ευρύ φάσμα επιχειρηματικών δραστηριοτήτων, με την πλειοψηφία να συγκεντρώνεται στους ευρύτερους τομείς του Εμπορίου, του Τουρισμού, της Κατασκευής και Διαχείρισης Ακινήτων, καθώς και των Τεχνολογιών Πληροφορικής και Επικοινωνίας. Το Κέντρο Στήριξης Επιχειρηματικότητας προσφέρει ουσιαστική

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS βοήθεια και υποστήριξης στις επιχειρήσεις αυτές καθώς και στους Harvard University, Graduate School of Design,υψηλής Student, υποψήφιους επενδυτές, με την παροχή υπηρεσιών

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect προστιθέμενης αξίας και αξιόπιστης πληροφόρησης για το Student of the School of Architecture επιχειρηματικό περιβάλλον σε εθνικό και τοπικόTechnical επίπεδο.University of Crete Το Δίκτυο Επιχειρηματικότητας του Δήμου Αθηναίων στηρίζει Introductory approach:και Defining the concept ανάπτυξη της πόλης, με την1. επιχειρηματικότητα την οικονομική 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ancient Greek philosopher, τηνANTISTHENIS, συμμετοχή καιtheσυνεργασία δημοσίων οργανισμών, ακαδημαϊκών ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established aιδιωτικού great the ιδρυμάτων, κλαδικών φορέων και του ευρύτερου τομέα ενώ among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. μέσω του Δικτύου Επιχειρηματικότητας χαράσσεται η στρατηγική για acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term την Based, επιχειρηματικότητα του Δήμου Αθηναίων γίνεται μία δομημένη 1 (and urban therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, ifκαι notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 παρακολούθηση της επιχειρηματικής δραστηριότητας. gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Ο στρατηγικός σχεδιασμός του Δήμου Αθηναίων και ο στόχος για Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually ofτης low-income and thethis placement there of artists, την ενίσχυση και στήριξη επιχειρηματικότητας, δεν αποτελεί the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences alsoτων rising of land prices (and theof δυστυχώςother τον κανόνα μεταξύhas, τουresults συνόλου ΟΤΑ της χώρας. Πολλοί whatever otherspeculation). consequences results also risingπλαίσιο of land prices (and the potential relative ΟΤΑ καλυπτόμενοι πίσω από has, το ασαφές θεσμικό της Τοπικής potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found(μικρός at first inαριθμός the UK in early 1960s and σε it refers to διακυβέρνησης στην Ελλάδα αρμοδιοτήτων σχέση The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor με Ευρώπη) δεν χαράσσουν στρατηγική επιχειρηματικότητας. theτην then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof Απουσιάζει από them, μεγάλος μέρος τωνsometimes ΟΤΑ καιthere κυρίως των old μικρότερων, London, upgrade stay themselves and thus residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. των τωνphenomenon νησιωτικώνis περιοχών σχεδιασμός γιαRuth την being indirectlyκαι “squeezed”.

A ορεινών description of this included in κάθε the work of Sociologist ενίσχυση καιsame ανάπτυξη επιχειρηματικής δραστηριότητας, την παροχή A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major δυνατότητας καινοτόμων προϊόντων και υπηρεσιών, την cities in Westernδημιουργίας countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then,του the issue has several scholars and its more αξιοποίηση εξειδικευμένο ανθρώπινο κεφάλαιό τουςforώστε να Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various θέσουν τις προϋποθέσεις για να αποτελέσουν τον φορέα της αλλαγής. comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: Κλείνοντας, ο συγγραφέας επισημαίνει πως σε αυτή την interpretations of the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups κατεύθυνση του σχεδιασμού αναπτυξιακών στρατηγικών και μέσων to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money ενίσχυσης της επιχειρηματικότητα των ΜΜΕ οφείλει να στραφεί το and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the σύνολο των ΟΤΑ μας. Ο ρόλος της ΤΑcentres, κρίνεται σε for αυτό τοin 1.of The termat comes fromχώρας Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born sense safety the της distributed residencies outside town Berlin, where she made her first studies. In καθώς 1932 she έτσι published an important study entitled: επίπεδο κεφαλαιώδους σημασίας θα συμβάλλει όχι μόνο services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for στην ανάπτυξη σεin τοπικό καιfrom περιφερειακό επίπεδο αλλά σεtoεθνικό. Ως lower living cost of, “withdrawal” private access to markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came back London, in According 1943 she published studies cityphenomenon planning. σημασία In 1950 sheστις teacherτων in the εκ τούτου, απαιτείται να regarding δοθεί μεγαλύτερη δράσεις to another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying ΟΤΑ για να τονωθεί η επιχειρηματικότητα και η δημιουργία ΜΜΕ και her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web,τη in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

The Free Encyclopedia: ταυτόχρονα να παρασχεθούν στους ΟΤΑ ταWIKIPEDIA: απαραίτητα μέσα για Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aδημιουργία variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually ενός περιβάλλοντος ευνοϊκού για την ανάπτυξη των ΜΜΕ.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Συνεργασία δημοσίου – ιδιωτικού τομέα και τοπική GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, ανάπτυξη στην Ελλάδα: Κριτική αξιολόγηση της Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification εμπειρίας εφαρμογής του προγράμματος JESSICA

Concerns

Του κυρίου Σήφη ΠΛΥΜΑΚΗ Διδάσκ. Πανεπιστημίου Πελοποννήσου, Ερευν.

National Centre for

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Public Performance, Rutgers University Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture συμμετοχής των ιδιωτών στην Ελληνική Technical University of Crete

Η αποτίμηση της τοπική αυτοδιοίκηση αποτελεί ένα εγχείρημα ιδιαίτερα σύνθετο, καθώς βρίσκεταιapproach: σε άμεση συνάρτηση με τις ιδιαίτερες παραμέτρους 1. Introductory Defining the concept 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept διαμόρφωσης του εθνικού μοντέλου τοπικής Ένα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444διακυβέρνησης.

BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), μοντέλο τοπικής διακυβέρνησης στοestablished οποίο ανa great και έχουν επέλθει among other wise heritage he left us, he “principle”: the among other wise heritage leftthe us, he τελευταία established a greatof “principle”: the acquisition of μεταρρυθμίσεις knowledge startshe with definition of the content concepts. ως σημαντικές κατά την 20ετία κυριότερα acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term προς την προώθηση του εκδημοκρατισμού, την αποκέντρωση των 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification αρμοδιοτήτων και τη συνένωση των δήμων, εντούτοις παραμένει σε 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various μεγάλο βαθμό μονοπωλιακό και διακρινόμενο από την περιορισμένη Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, αποδοτικότητα. Μονοπωλιακή παροχή των δημοτικών υπηρεσιών η ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”,there regardless of οποία συνεχίζει χαρακτηρίζει τηνetc. Ελληνική τοπική the operation ofconsequences artνα galleries, restaurants, However regardless whatever other has, results also risingthis of “change”, land αυτοδιοίκηση, prices (and theof παρά τα σημαντικά προβλήματα αποδοτικότητας που τη διακρίνουν, whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). καθώς και gentrification το σημαντικό αριθμό νομοθετικών την The term is found at first in the UK inπρωτοβουλιών early 1960s and it για refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK που in earlyέχουν 1960s andεισαχθεί. itareas refersofto the then observed ofiswealthy to buy property in poor προώθηση της trend εναλλακτικής παροχής the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thusτων old residents areof Πρωτοβουλίες προώθησης της εναλλακτικής παροχής δημοτικών London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. υπηρεσιών, οι οποίες προωθήθηκαν ήδη από τα μέσα της δεκαετίας being indirectly “squeezed”. this phenomenon included in the work of Sociologist Ruth τουAAdescription 80, μέσωofofδράσεων όπως isisοι προγραμματικές η this phenomenon included inwere the recorded work ofσυμβάσεις, Sociologist Ruth GLASSdescription at the same period, while similar situations in other major διαδημοτική συνεργασία, οι συμβάσεις παραχώρησης και οι ΣΔΙΤ, τα GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. οποία όμως επέφεραν τελικά περιορισμένα αποτελέσματα της cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andεξαιτίας for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more κανονιστικής πολυπλοκότητας που διέκρινε τη λειτουργία τους, της comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various αυξημένης γραφειοκρατίας προς τηνtheεποπτεία interpretations of the phenomenon ως of gentrification, following: τους, της interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: περιορισμένης διοικητικής των φορέων και την In a sense, theof phenomenon isικανότητας dueof togentrification, a trend of aτοπικών new of social groups to “return” to the city, τους leaving the purlieus for several reasons: προγραμματισμό high costs in money αδυναμία ένταξης στον ευρύτερο αναπτυξιακό and to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1. της time τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies 1 and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where (2000), μεταξύ κράτους και αγοράς, Αθήνα: Εκδόσεις Παπαζήση in According 1943Καζάκος she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the toΠ.another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and University CollegeΠ,of(2009), London, continued her social research.

Her public action and Μαίστρος ταwhere τρίαshe κύματα τμεταρρυθμίσεων της δημόσιας διοίκησης long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying her work are characterized by aΠαπαζήση passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. στην Ελλάδα, Αθήνα: Εκδόσεις and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Kalyvas S – Pagoulatos G – Tsoukas H ed, (2011), From stagnation to forced G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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adjustment : reforms in Greece, 1974-2010, Columbia University Press

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Οι διάσπαρτες αυτές πρωτοβουλίες αποσκοπούσαν στη GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, βελτίωση της αποδοτικότητας των δημοτικών υπηρεσιών, μέσα από Definition, Types Concerns of Gentrification την προώθηση τoυ ανταγωνισμού και of την intervention, ανάπτυξη της συνεργασίας με τον ιδιωτικό τομέα. Άξονες μεταρρύθμισης της παροχής των Concerns δημοτικών υπηρεσιών, οι οποίες σε συνδυασμό με την αποκέντρωση

των αρμοδιοτήτων και την αναβάθμιση των διαδικασιών στρατηγικού

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS και οικονομικού προγραμματισμού των δήμων, απέβλεπαν στη Harvard University, Graduate School Design, Student, συνολική βελτίωση της αποδοτικότητας και της of ποιότητας των

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect δημοτικών υπηρεσιών. Ρύθμιση της Student ιδιωτικής συμμετοχής στην of the School of Architecture Ελληνική τοπική αυτοδιοίκηση η οποία όμως χαρακτηρίζεται από μία Technical University of Crete σειρά αστοχιών και προβλημάτων επικάλυψης, εξαιτίας της απουσίας 1. Introductory Defining the concept προώθησης μίαςapproach: συνεκτικής εθνικής πολιτικής για την απορρύθμιση 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, των μονοπωλίων the στην τοπική αυτοδιοίκηση και την προώθηση της ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a ρυθμιστικό great the 2 πλαίσιο, συνεργασίας με τον ιδιωτικό τομέα . Δαιδαλώδες among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. το οποίο αποτελούν 17 διαφορετικά και σε the ορισμένες περιπτώσεις acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term επικαλυπτόμενα νομοθετήματα γιαisinτο σύνολο σχεδόν των τομέων 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) indicated area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 παροχής των δημοτικών υπηρεσιών, η παρουσία των gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (inοποίων various δημιουργεί αβεβαιότητα και ασάφεια ως προς την νομιμότητα και το Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), ofανάπτυξης social groups, of low-income and the placement there of artists, πλαίσιο τηςusually ιδιωτικής συμμετοχής, καθώς και φραγμούς ως the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has, results also land prices (andτου theof προς τηνother αποτελεσματική εποπτεία τουςrising και of την προώθηση

whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor 1 the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof Μαίστρος Π, (2009), τα τρία κύματα τμεταρρυθμίσεων της δημόσιας διοίκησης London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. στην Ελλάδα, Αθήνα: Εκδόσεις Παπαζήση being indirectly “squeezed”. Γιαννίτσης Α. ιδιωτικοποιήσεις: η Ελληνική προβληματική, A description of(1996), this phenomenon is included in theεμπειρία work ofκαι Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth Αθήνα: Λιβάνης GLASS at the same while similar in other major 2 GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western byΝ, other Researchers. Γετίμης Π.countries, & Μαραβά (2005), Νέες σχέσεις μεταξύ ιδιωτικού και δημοσίου cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Since then, the issue has scholars and for its more τομέα στη παραγωγή και λειτουργία των Researchers. μεγάλωνseveral έργων υποδομής στην Ελλάδα Since then, the issue has severalτομέα: scholars andthe for itsεθνικό more Τροβά Ε (2007), συμπράξεις δημοσίου – ιδιωτικού Ευρωπαικό και comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various δίκαιο, Αθήνα: Ελληνικά Γράμματα interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations phenomenon gentrification, the following: G the (2005), The is Politics Redrawing the Public-Private In aPagoulatos sense, theof phenomenon dueof toof a Privatization: trend of a new category of social groups Boundary, West European politics, Vol 28(1), pp 111 – 131 to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money 2 Featherstone K. the (2008), The Limits of Europeanization: Structural and time to travel from purlieus to downtown, where work place is,Reform lack of and the Public Policy in 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin,Paraskevopoulos where she made C. her(2007), first studies.

In 1932and she public an in entitled: social capital policy Greece, LSE Hellenic services of health, education, entertainment “at published the heart ofimportant the city”,study (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for observatory working paper series No 9 lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Pagoulatos G, 2000, “Economic Adjustment Financial Greece’s in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.and In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due aReform: systematic and University informal College of the London, where she her social research.

Her public and Europeanization and Emergence of acontinued Stabilization State”, South European Society and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are pp. characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Politics, 5(2), 204 – 226 and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Hlepas N, (2013), Quality of life and local governance, SEARCH WP 5 G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

176

ανταγωνισμού, λειτουργώντας ανασταλτικά ως προς την ανάπτυξη μίας βιώσιμης και ελκτικής επενδυτικά εθνικής αγοράς. Ρυθμιστικός δυισμός στην ανάπτυξη των ΣΔΙΤ στην Ελληνική τοπική αυτοδιοίκηση, ο οποίος προέκυψε από την ανυπέρβλητη παρουσία γραφειοκρατικών φραγμών για τους δήμους και ο οποίος τους οδήγησε στην επιλογή της εναλλακτικής ρύθμισης για την Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS ανάπτυξη της συνεργασίας με τονByιδιωτικό τομέα.C. Ρυθμιστικός δυισμός Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, ο οποίος διακρίνεται από δύο βασικά χαρακτηριστικά ως προς την

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect ανάπτυξη του στην Ελληνική τοπικήStudent αυτοδιοίκηση. Το πρώτο of the School of Architecture χαρακτηριστικό αφορά την παρουσία Technical αυξημένου αριθμού University of Crete νομοθετημάτων, άνω των 17, τα οποία δίνουν τη δυνατότητα στους 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept με τους ιδιώτες σε τομείς δήμους για ανάπτυξη υβριδικών συμπράξεων 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, όπως η διαχείριση απορριμμάτων, η αξιοποίηση της δημοτικής ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great περιουσίας, η εναλλακτική παραγωγή ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας καιthe η among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. συντήρηση των δημοτικών υποδομών. Νομοθετήματα τα οποία δεν acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term ενσωματώθηκαν ήon καταργήθηκαν με τηif (in ψήφιση της σχετικής 1 (and urban Based, therefore, this “principle” is inindicated a first, not final, approach, the term gentrification) the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and νομοθεσίας για τιςthe ΣΔΙΤ το 2005 και ταthe οποία λόγω μεγαλύτερης gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in the areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as “refining” of a city removal from (in various ευελιξίας ως προς την ανάπτυξη της συνεργασίας με τον ιδιωτικό Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of επιλέχθηκαν social groups, usually of τους low-income and thethis placement there of στην artists, τομέα, από ως απάντηση the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.δήμους However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results alsoτου rising of land prices (and theof γραφειοκρατία και τις καθυστερήσεις επίσημου νομοθετικού whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative πλαισίου. potential relative speculation).

The term is found atμε first in the UK in early 1960s andιδιότυπου it refers to Μία gentrification δεύτερο παράμετρο ιδιαίτερο ενδιαφέρον του The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor αυτού ρυθμιστικού δυισμού, αποτελεί η buy σχετικά αποτελεσματική the then observed trend wealthy people to in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes thereproperty and thus old residents areof λειτουργία των έργων σύμπραξης των δήμωνthere με τον τομέα, σε London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes andιδιωτικό thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. αρκετά μεγάλο αριθμό έργων. Αποτελεσματική εναλλακτική παροχή being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth δημοτικών η while οποίαsimilar συμβάλει στον περιορισμό του κόστους A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at theυπηρεσιών same in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major παροχής των υπηρεσιών τηResearchers. διατήρηση ή ακόμα και βελτίωση της cities in Western countries, byκαι other cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issueπλειοψηφία has several scholarsσεand for its more ποιότητας τους, στην των περιπτώσεων, τομείς όπως η Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various διαχείριση απορριμμάτων, η καθαριότητα, η σίτιση, η συντήρηση των comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: δημοτικών υποδομών και εξοπλισμού και η αξιοποίηση της δημοτικής interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups περιουσίας. Βελτίωση της αποδοτικότητας και ποιότητας των to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money παρεχόμενων δημοτικών υπηρεσιών, η οποία όμως επέρχεται πέρα and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the των1.ορίων της επίσημης νομοθεσίας για τις ΣΔΙΤcentres, και μεsearch προϋπόθεση term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense ofThe safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town for Berlin, where she made her σειράς first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: της παρουσία μίας παραγόντων στρατηγικής ανάπτυξης, services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for αποτελεσματικής εποπτείας, αμοιβαίας και κλίματος lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Newσυνεργασίας York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the εμπιστοσύνης δήμων με τους ιδιώτες αναδόχους. toτων another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Συνέπεια των παραπάνω, το κυρίαρχο μοντέλο τοπικής her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part τα of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: διακυβέρνησης στην Ελλάδα συνεχίζει να διατηρεί μονοπωλιακά Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aτου variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually χαρακτηριστικά ως προς την παροχή των δημοτικών υπηρεσιών,

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

ενώ η συνεργασία και η συμμετοχή της κοινωνίας των πολιτών και του ιδιωτικού τομέα χαρακτηρίζεται ως αποσπασματική και με περιορισμένο εύρος εφαρμογή. Περιορισμοί του υφιστάμενου μοντέλου τοπικής διακυβέρνησης, οι οποίοι επιχειρήθηκε να αντιμετωπιστούν μέσα από μία σειρά από μεταρρυθμιστικές πρωτοβουλίες του συνόλου σχεδόν των Ελληνικών κυβερνήσεων για την προώθηση της ιδιωτικής

By Mr. George-Sp. C.ιδιαίτερα ATHANASOPOULOS συμμετοχής στην Ελληνική τοπική αυτοδιοίκηση, κατά την Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, τελευταία 2οετία.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture τη ρητορική της ανάπτυξης, στην Technical University of Crete

Πρόγραμμα JESSICA: από πραγματικότητα της γραφειοκρατίας 1. Introductory Defining theαυτά concept Απάντησηapproach: στα προβλήματα περιορισμένης ρυθμιστικής 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, - 370 BC, Athens), ποιότητας και αναποτελεσματικής εφαρμογής(444 τηςBC εθνικής πολιτικής ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the για τις ΣΔΙΤ στην τοπική αυτοδιοίκηση, επιχειρήθηκε να δώσει μέσα among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. από το πρόγραμμα Jessica Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης για την acquisition of knowledge starts withτης theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term ολοκληρωμένη ανάπλαση αστικών περιοχών, τουthe οποίου η εφαρμογή 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 ξεκίνησε το 2010. Ένα Ευρωπαϊκό πρόγραμμα για την gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (inαστική various ανάπτυξη και την προώθηση της επιχειρηματικότητας, στο επίκεντρο Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, του οποίου βρίσκεται η restaurants, συνεργασία δημοσίου και ιδιωτικού the operation of art galleries, etc.μεταξύ However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results rising of land prices (andτου theof τομέα, ως εργαλείο μόχλευσης των also χρηματοδοτικών πόρων whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results rising of land pricesαστικής (and the potential relative προγράμματος και την κατασκευή καιalso λειτουργία έργων potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in theυψηλής UK in early 1960s and it refers to ανάπλασης και την παροχή υπηρεσιών ποιότητας προς τους The term gentrification iswealthy found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to the then observed trend of people to buy property in poor areas of 3. Ειδικότερα οι διαθέσιμοι πόροι του πολίτες και τις επιχειρήσεις the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof προγράμματος ύψους εκατομμυρίων ευρώ τηνresidents Ελλάδα London, upgrade them, stay258 themselves sometimes there andγια thus old are being indirectly “squeezed”. αποσκοπούν στη χρηματοδότηση έργων στους τομείς των μεταφορών, being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth της Aύδρευσης, της καιofλυμάτων, της description ofperiod, thisεπεξεργασίας phenomenon isαπορριμμάτων included inwere the recorded work Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major παραγωγής ενέργειας, αξιοποίησης της δημοτικής περιουσίας και cities in Western countries, της by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several περιοχών, scholars andμεforαπώτερο its more της ανάπλασης υποβαθμισμένων αστικών Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: 3 https://www.jessicafund.gr/EIB, 2008, JESSICA evaluation study for Greece interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Υπουργείο Οικονομικών, Εθνικό πρόγραμμα Μεταρρυθμίσεων, εκθέσεις 2011 – to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money 2016 and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the ΤΑΙΠΕΔ, (2016), Επιχειρησιακό πρόγραμμα αξιοποίησης, εκθέσεις 2013 - 2016 termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, K. her (2008), The Limits of she Europeanization: Structural Reform Berlin,Featherstone where she made first studies.

In 1932 published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for and Public Policy in Greece, London: Macmillan lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Kalyvas Sto–another Pagoulatos G – Tsoukas Hplanning. ed, (2011), From stagnation to forced in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon In 1950 she teacher in the approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and adjustment : reforms in Greece, 1974-2010, Columbia University Press long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for local justice.

See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Hlepas N, estate, (2013), quality ofthe lifedepreciation and governance, SEARCH WPthe 5 urban and selling real for initially of part of web, in 10th edit.

Wil. COLLINS etc., SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 3 https://www.jessicafund.gr/ G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

σκοπό την ολοκληρωμένη τοπική ανάπτυξη. Κατηγορίες έργων οι οποίες αποτελούν ιδανικό πεδίο δράσης για την ανάπτυξη έργων ΣΔΙΤ σε επίπεδο τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης, εναλλακτική θεσμική μορφή παροχής δημοτικών η οποία και αποτέλεσε προτεραιότητα η διάχυση της κατά το σχεδιασμό του προγράμματος Jessica. Επιπρόσθετα η συμμετοχή του ιδιωτικού τομέα στο σχεδιασμό

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS και την υλοποίηση του προγράμματος JESSICA, αποτυπώνεται και από Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, τη σύνθεση και τις διαδικασίες λήψης αποφάσεων των περιφερειακών

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect ταμείων αστικής ανάπτυξης. Ταμεία Student αστικήςof the ανάπτυξης για την School of Architecture υλοποίηση του προγράμματος σε περιφερειακόTechnical επίπεδο,University στη διοίκηση of Crete των οποίων συμμετέχει το κεντρικό κράτος, οι περιφερειακές αρχές, οι 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept τοπικοί δήμοι, τα τραπεζικά ιδρύματα και οι ιδιωτικές εταιρείες 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, σύμβουλοι των the ταμείων. Συμμετοχικό σχήμα διοίκησης του ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the προγράμματος το οποίο έχει σαν στόχο την(444 συνολική και διαρκή among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. συνεργασία δημοσίου starts – with ιδιωτικού τομέα the καιcontent τη of συμμετοχική acquisition of knowledge theindefinition concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term εξειδίκευση της urban εφαρμογής του isin προγράμματος σεapproach, περιφερειακό 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if (in notthe final, the term gentrification) indicated area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 επίπεδο, σύμφωνα με τις πραγματικές ανάγκες των φορέων της gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης και τις επενδυτικές προτεραιότητες των Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of επενδυτών. social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, ιδιωτών Αντίστοιχα καιetc. σεHowever επίπεδο χρηματοδότησης των the operation of art galleries, restaurants, “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other ηconsequences has, results also rising land prices (and theof έργων ΣΔΙΤ, λήψη χρηματοδότησης από τοofπρόγραμμα Jessica whatever otherπαράλληλη consequences has, resultsχρηματοδοτικών also rising of land prices the potential relative speculation). απαιτεί την καταβολή πόρων(and των potential relative speculation).

The termσυμβάλλοντας gentrification is found in the UK in αυτό early 1960s it refers to εταίρων, και at μεfirst τον τρόπο στη and δημιουργία The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor αμοιβαίων κινήτρων μεταξύ τωνpeople εταίρων καιproperty διασφαλίζοντας τηνof the then observed trend wealthy to there buy in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are πραγματική συμμετοχή στο κεφάλαιο των and έργων, τομέας στον London, upgrade them, stayτους themselves sometimes there thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. οποίο παρουσιάζονταν προβλήματα κατά τα προηγούμενα χρόνια ως being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth 4 Συνεργασία δημοσίου – ιδιωτικού προςAτη description ofσυμμετοχή this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS atιδιωτική the same period, while. similar in otherτομέα, major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major με την ισότιμηcountries, συμμετοχή τωνResearchers. της τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης, η οποία cities in Western by other cities in Western countries, byνα other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and forαστοχίες its more επιλέχθηκε προκειμένου θεραπευτούν οι προηγούμενες Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the προώθησης της συμμετοχής του ιδιωτικού τομέα στην various αστική comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: διακυβέρνησηofστην Ελλάδα. Αστοχίες οι οποίες προέκυψαν εξαιτίας interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups τουInαυξημένου συγκεντρωτισμού σε επίπεδο κεντρικής διοίκησης ως to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money προς τη λήψη αποφάσεων, της απουσίας δομών διαβούλευσης και την and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the περιορισμένη συμμετοχή των φορέων της 1912-1940. τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης στοin 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, whereκαι she την madeανάπτυξη her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: σχεδιασμό των έργων. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for

lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies 4 and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where https://www.jessicafund.gr/Υπουργείο Οικονομικών, Εθνικό πρόγραμμα in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College εκθέσεις of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and Μεταρρυθμίσεων, - 2016 long-term effort2011 by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work characterized by a passion for for justice.

See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. EIB,are 2008, JESSICAetc., evaluation study Greece and selling realCOLLINS estate, for theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ΤΑΙΠΕΔ, (2016), Επιχειρησιακό πρόγραμμα αξιοποίησης, εκθέσεις 2013 2016 G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

178

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Παρά την καινοτόμες και συμμετοχικές αυτές διαδικασίες λήψης GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, αποφάσεων του προγράμματος Jessica, εντούτοις τα προβλήματα Definition, Types of πολιτικής intervention, Concerns of Gentrification εφαρμογής και αποτελεσματικότητας της για τις ΣΔΙΤ στην τοπική αυτοδιοίκηση παραμένουν. Ειδικότερα, 6 χρόνια μετά την Concerns έναρξη του η απορροφητικότητα του προγράμματος παραμένει σε

ιδιαίτερα χαμηλά ποσοστά, παρά τη σημαντική αύξηση κατά 25% κατά

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS το 2016, με εξαίρεση την περιφέρεια της Κρήτης η οποία και θα Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, αναλυθεί στη συνέχεια του άρθρου. Η χαμηλή αυτή απορροφητικότητα

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect του προγράμματος και παρά την πολιτική συναίνεση γύρω από την Student of the School of Architecture εφαρμογή του και την αυξημένη συμμετοχή του University συνόλου ofτων Technical Crete εμπλεκομένων φορέων, παρουσιάζεται να οφείλεται σε τρεις βασικούς 1. Introductory approach: Defining the προσδιοριστικούς παράγοντες. Ο concept πρώτος και σημαντικότερος 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, theτις ancient Greek επιπτώσεις philosopher, παράγοντας αφορά αρνητικές της οικονομικής κρίσης, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the οι οποίες περιόρισαν τη ρευστότητα τόσο των τραπεζικών ιδρυμάτων among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. που συμμετέχουν στα περιφερειακά ταμεία του προγράμματος, όσο και acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term τωνBased, ιδιωτών επενδυτών, αναστέλλοντας αριθμόtheτων 1 (and therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, ifσημαντικό notthe final, approach, term urban gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 προγραμματιζόμενων επενδύσεων ΣΔΙΤ. gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Μία δεύτερη κατηγορία ανασταλτικών παραγόντων αποτελεί η Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, διατήρηση αυξημένης γραφειοκρατίας και διοικητικών βαρών στην the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation ofπροτάσεων art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other consequences has, results risingthis of “change”, landβάρη prices theof έγκριση των ΣΔΙΤ. Αυξημένα διοικητικά τα(and οποία whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). προέρχονται από το συγκεντρωτισμό στη διοίκηση του προγράμματος potential relative speculation). term gentrification found at firstκαι in the UK in early 1960s and ΣΔΙΤ it refers to σε The επίπεδο ΥπουργείουisΑνάπτυξης ειδικής γραμματείας και The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor την αποτελεσματικού συντονισμού καιproperty συνεργασίας μεταξύ the έλλειψη then observed trend wealthy people to there buy in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof αυτών και τωνthem, περιφερειακών ταμείων there αστικής ανάπτυξης του London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. προγράμματος. Έλλειμμα συντονισμού και συνεργασίας το οποίο being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth προήλθε τηofδιατήρηση μη εμφανούς συγκεντρωτισμού στην A description this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at από the same period, whileενός similar recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major τελική λήψη εγκρίσεων των έργων ΣΔΙΤ από το Υπουργείο Ανάπτυξης cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, issue has several επίπεδο scholars and its more και παρά την the αποκέντρωση σε περιφερειακό της for εφαρμογής Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various και ανάπτυξης του προγράμματος και τη διαφορετική κουλτούρα comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations the phenomenon ofδημοσίων gentrification, the following: μεταξύ των ofεμπλεκόμενων αρχών, του Υπουργείου interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, the is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Ανάπτυξης καιphenomenon των Περιφερειών και των ιδιωτών εταίρων, των to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money τραπεζών και των τεχνικών συμβούλων των περιφερειακών ταμείων and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the ανάπτυξης, οποία δημιούργησε προστριβές καιcentres, διαφωνίες προς 1.of The termηat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASSως wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town for Berlin, where she made her και first την studies.

In 1932 she publishedήan important study entitled: τον προσανατολισμό ανταποδοτικότητα μη των έργων ΣΔΙΤ services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The 5. same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for του προγράμματος lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying 5 her work are characterized by a passion forπρόγραμμα justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Υπουργείο Οικονομικών, Εθνικό Μεταρρυθμίσεων, εκθέσεις 2011in – and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 2016 G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

ΤΑΙΠΕΔ, (2016), Επιχειρησιακό πρόγραμμα αξιοποίησης, εκθέσεις 2013 - 2016

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Σε συνάφεια με τα προβλήματα συντονισμού και GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, συγκεντρωτισμού μεταξύ των περιφερειακών ταμείων ανάπτυξης και Definition, of intervention, Concerns ofκεντρικής Gentrification των αδειοδοτικών φορέωνTypes της διοίκησης, βρίσκεται και η παρουσία αυξημένων διοικητικών βαρών και καθυστερήσεων Concerns αδειοδότησης των έργων, παράγοντες οι οποίοι οδήγησαν στην

πολυετή καθυστέρηση λήψης των απαιτούμενων αδειών των έργων

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS και την δημιουργία αυξημένων και κοστοβόρων υποχρεώσεων Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, συμμόρφωσης για την ανάπτυξη των ΣΔΙΤ από την πλευρά των

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect εταίρων. Απαιτήσεις συμμόρφωσης Student οι ofοποίες λειτουργούν the School of Architecture περιοριστικά ως προς τη συμμετοχή στο πρόγραμμα των φορέων της Technical University of Crete τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης, ιδιαίτερα των μεσαίων και των μικρών δήμων, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept οι οποίοι αποτελούν και την πλειοψηφία στην Ελληνική αυτοδιοίκηση, 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, εξαιτίας της περιορισμένης διοικητικής τους ικανότητας να ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the αναπτύξουν τα έργα ΣΔΙΤ και να χρηματοδοτήσουν τις 370 απαιτούμενες among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. μελέτες, απόρροια και του περιορισμού της χρηματοδότησης τους από acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term την Based, κεντρική διοίκηση, καθώς και isinτης δανειοδότησης τους από τα 1 (and therefore, on this “principle” a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) indicated area of Planning) (or gentrification 6.

1 τραπεζικά ιδρύματα gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Ένα τρίτο παράγοντα περιορισμένης απορροφητικότητας του Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income thethis placement there of artists, προγράμματος JESSICA αποτελεί ηandπολιτική επιλογή για the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results των also rising of landπεριφερειακών prices (and theof χρηματοδότηση σε προτεραιότητα μεγάλων whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land με prices (and the potential relative speculation). μονάδων επεξεργασίας απορριμμάτων, μία επιλογή ιδιαίτερο potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first ευαισθησία, in the UK in early 1960s οδήγησε and it refers to πολιτικό βάρος και περιβαλλοντική η οποία στη The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor δημιουργία σε αρκετές περιπτώσεις κοινωνικής εναντίωσης καιareas στηνof the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents are κατάρρευση τηςthem, τοπικής συναίνεσης που είχεthere δημιουργηθεί από London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes and thus old γύρω residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. το πρόγραμμα, ιδιαίτερα σε επίπεδο τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης και being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth 7. Τοπική συναίνεση και υποστήριξη από τους της επιχειρήσεων A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar inφορείς other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης και Researchers. τις τοπικές επιχειρήσεις η οποία cities in Western countries, by other cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied otherπεριπτώσεις Researchers.

Since then, the issue several scholars andεξαιτίας for its more υποβαθμίστηκε και σε has αρκετές αναστάλθηκε της Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various ουσιαστικής αναστολής μίας σειράς έργων των δήμων μικρής και comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: μεσαίας κλίμακας στους τομείς του περιβάλλοντος, της διαχείρισης interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups απορριμμάτων, της παραγωγής και εξοικονόμησης ενέργειας, εξαιτίας to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 5 Υπουργείο Οικονομικών, Εθνικό πρόγραμμα Μεταρρυθμίσεων, εκθέσεις termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS was2011 born–in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for better Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: 2016 services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Προσωπικές συνεντεύξεις στο from πλαίσιο της παρούσας έρευνας lower living cost of, “withdrawal” private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Αποτελέσματα ποιοτικής έρευναςthe in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, is due a systematic and 6 University College of συνεντεύξεις London, where she continued her social research.

Her public and Προσωπικές στο πλαίσιο της παρούσας έρευνας brokers long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Αποτελέσματα ποιοτικής and selling real estate, etc., forέρευνας the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

7 7 Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: https://www.jessicafund.gr/ G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

της προώθησης των ευρύτερων περιφερειακών έργων ΣΔΙΤ. Εύθραυστη κοινωνική συναίνεση, η υποβάθμιση της οποίας παρουσιάζει τον πολιτικό ανταγωνισμό Περιφέρειας – δήμων ως προς τη διαχείριση του προγράμματος, την απουσία περιφερειακής διαβούλευσης για την επιλογή ενιαίας αναπτυξιακής στρατηγικής, καθώς και τον οικονομικό ανταγωνισμό μεταξύ πολύ-εθνικών, εθνικών Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS και περιφερειακών οικονομικώνByδρώντων για C. την κατασκευή των Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, έργων ΣΔΙΤ.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Η περιορισμένη απορροφητικότητα του προγράμματος Architect Jessica, Student of the School of Architecture εξαιτίας της παρουσίας αυξημένων διοικητικών βαρώνUniversity ως προς τη Technical of Crete συμμετοχή των δήμων σε έργα ΣΔΙΤ, αποτυπώνεται και στο χαμηλό 1. Introductory approach: Defining the conceptέργων, σε σχέση με τις βαθμό συμβασιοποίησης και λειτουργίας 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, προτάσεις που υπέβαλαν οι δήμοι και βρίσκονται σε πολυετές ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the καθεστώς αξιολόγησης, καθώς σε σύγκριση με(444 το αρχικό επενδυτικό among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ενδιαφέρον έργα ΣΔΙΤ που εκφράσειthe οι content φορείςofτης τοπικής acquisition ofγια knowledge starts withείχαν theindefinition concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term αυτοδιοίκησης, τη “principle” διαβούλευση τουif προγράμματος και 1 (andκατά Based, therefore, on this inindicated a first, notthe final, approach, theτην term urban gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 αξιολόγηση των επενδυτικών ευκαιριών για την ανάπτυξη έργων ΣΔΙΤ. gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Την εικόνα αυτή περί περιορισμένης ενσωμάτωσης της συνεργασίας Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, δημοσίου –of art ιδιωτικού τομέα ως However εργαλείου εφαρμογής του the operation galleries, restaurants, etc. “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also of land prices αριθμός (and theof προγράμματος Jessica, επιβεβαιώνει και rising ο περιορισμένος whatever other consequences has, results also rising of ήland (and the potential relative έργων ΣΔΙΤ ως speculation). προς το σύνολο των υλοποιούμενων υπόprices αξιολόγηση potential relative speculation).

The term found at first in the UK in early 1960s to έργων, σε gentrification σχέση με is τον αρχικό προγραμματισμό καιand τοit refers αρχικό The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor επενδυτικό ενδιαφέρον. Περιορισμένο ποσοστό έργων ΣΔΙΤ το areas οποίοof the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents are παρουσιάζει τους περιορισμούς τηςsometimes εθνικής there κουλτούρας ωςresidents προς τη London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old are being indirectly “squeezed”. συνεργασία δημοσίου – ιδιωτικού τομέα, καθώς και την ατολμία τόσο being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth τωνAιδιωτικών, τωνsimilar δημοσίων γιαofτην ανάληψη description ofόσο this και phenomenon is situations includedεταίρων inwere the recorded work Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major κοινών επιχειρηματικών κινδύνων ως προς την παροχή μίας cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, byσυνεργασία other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for τομέα its more υπηρεσίας. Περιορισμένη δημοσίου – ιδιωτικού η Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various οποία αποτελεί ουσιαστικά το αποτέλεσμα έλλειψης εμπιστοσύνης comprehensivethe approach are being summarized from the various interpretations phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: μεταξύ των of εταίρων και κουλτούρας συνεργασίας στην Ελληνική interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups τοπική αυτοδιοίκηση και ευρύτερα. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Στον ίδιο άξονα περί σταδιακής υποβάθμισης της and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the αποτελεσματικότητας και residencies τηςRuth διάχυσης του προγράμματος Jessica, 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for was born in sense safety the distributed outside town centres, better Berlin, where sheαυξημένης made her first γραφειοκρατίας studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: εξαιτίας της και της υποχώρησης της services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for επιλογής της of,θεσμικής μορφής των ΣΔΙΤ, εντάσσονται και τα lower living cost “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the αποτελέσματα τα οποία προκύπτουν από την του θεσμού to another approach, the isανάπτυξη due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying πέρα από τα όρια του προγράμματος. Επεξηγώντας την παραδοχή her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: αυτή, παρουσιάζεται μία σημαντική αύξηση τουof αριθμού των Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aσυμβολαίων variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually παροχής δημοτικών υπηρεσιών από ιδιώτες, καθόλη τη 181 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification διάρκεια εφαρμογής του προγράμματος Jessica και ιδιαίτερα κατά τα Concerns δύο τελευταία έτη της προβλεπόμενης διάρκειας του, το 2013 και το

2014. Το γεγονός αυτό κατά τα αποτελέσματα της εμπειρικής έρευνας Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS επεξηγείται και στην περίπτωσηByαυτή από τις αρνητικές επιπτώσεις Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, που επέφερε στην ανάπτυξη του θεσμού των ΣΔΙΤ, μέσω του

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect προγράμματος Jessica, η παρουσία αυξημένων καθυστερήσεων στην Student of the School of Architecture έγκριση και αδειοδότηση έργων ΣΔΙΤ και το υψηλό κόστος συμμετοχής Technical University of Crete στο πρόγραμμα, εξαιτίας της διατηρούμενης γραφειοκρατίας και της 1. Introductory Defining concept έλλειψης πολύ approach: – επίπεδου καιtheαποκεντρωμένου συντονισμού8.

1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek - 370 BC, Athens), Προώθηση της συνεργασίας των philosopher, δήμων με (444 τον BC ιδιωτικό τομέα, το ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the οποίο αποτέλεσε τη βασική προτεραιότητα του προγράμματος Jessica, among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge starts with the content concepts. the στο πλαίσιο όμως των δυνατοτήτων πουofπαρέχει το ofεναλλακτικό acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term ρυθμιστικό του μοντέλου, σεisinδιαφορετικούς τομείς υπηρεσιών 1πλαίσιο Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) indicated area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) της τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης καιofσύμφωνα με διεξόδους που παρέχει gentrification indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” a cityisarea, theτις removal (in various η παρουσία 14 εναλλακτικών ρυθμιστικών οδών. Μία αναγκαστική Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), ofΠεριφέρειες social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there(βορράς), of artists, / Κοινότητες, τρεις, Ολλανδόφωνη, ways), ofτης social groups, usually of low-income and the placement of artists, επιλογή εναλλακτικής ρύθμισης από την πλευρά των there φορέων της the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless of Γαλλόφωνη (νότος), Γερμανόφωνη (πληθυσμός κάτω των 100.000 the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has, results rising of land prices (andτου theof τοπικής other αυτοδιοίκησης, εξαιτίας τωνalsoφραγμών συμμετοχής whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results rising land prices the 9. Προτάσεις potential relative έργωνalso ΣΔΙΤ τις of οποίες αρχικά(and είχαν προγράμματος Jessica ατόμων). potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UKοιin early 1960s and it refers to υποβάλλει ή σκόπευαν να υποβάλλουν δημοτικές αρχές στο δέκα.

TheΕπαρχίες, term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor πρόγραμμα Jessicatrend και τελικά λόγω καθυστερήσεων, επέλεξαν να τιςof the then observed wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and 19, thusΒαλλωνία old residents are Δήμοι / Κοινότητες, 589: Περιοχή Βρυξελλών 262, υλοποιήσουν, μέσω μεν,sometimes αλλά ταχύτερου δε εναλλακτικού London, upgrade them,του stayθολού themselves there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Φλάνδρα 308.πλαισίου. ρυθμιστικού being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations includedγια inwere theπολυβάθμια work of Sociologist Ruth GLASSΥπό at the same while similar recorded in other major τεχνική άποψη πρόκειται Τοπική GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Συνεχίζεται… cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Αυτοδιοίκηση μεcountries, Περιφέρειες, Επαρχίες και Δήμους. cities in Western bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since the issueασκούν has severalκατά scholars andthe for various its από more Οι then, Περιφέρειες αρμοδιότητες παραχώρηση comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from 8 comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various https://www.jessicafund.gr/ interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: την Κεντρική και αρμοδιότητες αποκλειστικές interpretations theΚυβέρνηση phenomenon thecategory following: Οικονομικών, Εθνικό πρόγραμμα Μεταρρυθμίσεων, εκθέσεις 2011 In aΥπουργείο sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups 2016 εκχωρούμενες σε αυτές δια νόμου. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money EIB,to2008, JESSICA evaluation study Greece where work place is, lack of the and time travel from purlieus to for downtown, Μεταξύ τωνtheαρμοδιοτήτων εν γένει των Περιφερειών Προσωπικές συνεντεύξεις στο πλαίσιο της παρούσας έρευνας 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, 9 Berlin, https://www.jessicafund.gr/ where she made her first ποιότητας studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: περιλαμβάνονται θέματα ζωής, περιβάλλοντος, χωροταξίας, services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Περιφέρεια Κρήτης, ΠΕΠ Prague, Κρήτης & Νήσων Αιγαίου 2007access –came 2013to lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva,πολιτικής, London and car Neweasier York she back toεποπτείας London, ενέργειας, βιομηχανικής μεταφορών, διοικητικής Περιφέρεια Κρήτης, ΠΕΠ Κρήτης 2014 - 2020 in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College Κρήτης, of London, where she her social research.

Her public and επί των επαρχιών και Επιχειρησιακό Δήμων κ.ά.continued Περιφέρεια πρόγραμμα Περιφέρειας Κρήτης , 2012 – 2014, long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 2015 - 2017 and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Προσωπικές συνεντεύξεις στο πλαίσιο της παρούσας έρευνας G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, KENTPO EPEYNA™ Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification ¶EPIºEPEIAKH™ ANA¶TY•H™ «IÂÚÒÓ˘ÌÔ˜ ¢. ¶INTO™ Concerns Î·È AÓ·ÛÙ·Û›· IÂÚ. ¶INTOY»

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS University, Graduate Aνάπτυ�ης, School of Design, Student, Mε σκ�π� την πρ�ώθησηHarvard της Iδέας της Περι�ερειακής (Oικ�ν�µικής, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect K�ινωνικής και Π�λιτιστικής), έ�ει συσταθεί σήµερα στην Aθήνα απ� Oµάδα KαθηγηStudent of the School of Architecture τών Πανεπιστηµίων και Eιδικών Eπιστηµ�νων τ� Kέντρ� Έρευνας Περι�ερειακής AνάTechnical University of Crete πτυ�ης «Iερώνυµ�ς ∆. ΠINTOΣ και Aναστασία Iερων. ΠINTOY» (αστ. µη κερδ�σκ. εταιρ.), ως �υσιαστικ�ς διάδ���ς,Defining (κατ’ επιθυµία της αειµνήστ�υ Aναστασίας Iερων.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

EΠIΘEΩPHΣH AΠOKENTPΩΣHΣ, TOΠIKHΣ AYTO∆IOIKHΣHΣ KAI ΠEPIΦEPEIAKHΣ ANAΠTY�HΣ REVUE DE DECENTRALISATION, D’ ADMINISTRATION LOCALE ET DE DEVELOPPEMENT REGIONAL REVIEW OF DECENTRALIZATION, LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT *

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

∆ιευθύνεται υπ� Συντακτικής Eπιτρ�πής εκ Kαθηγητών Πανεπιστηµί�υ και Eιδικών Eπιστηµ�νων. Σύστηµα Kριτών.

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Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the or ancient philosopher, (444 BC -Administrations, 370 BC, Athens), Legal Persons of Public PrivateGreek Law, Communities, Prefecture ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the Banks, Societies: 150 f Individuals: 30 f among other wise heritage left he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with definition the content concepts. the Students: 15the fus, Abroad: USof $ 100 acquisition of knowledge starts with the*indefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term ΥπεύθυνοςTυπ�γρα�εί�υ Τυπογραφείου 1 (and urban Yπεύθυν�ς Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification ΕΚΤΥΠΩΣΕΙΣ ΘΕΟΔΩΡΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ ΔΗΜΗΤΡΗΣ 1 (and urban EI∆IKH EK∆OTIKH A.E.E.B.E. gentrification gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Μάρνη 25, Πλ. Βάθης, Αθήνα, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various Xαλκ�κ�νδύλη 35,Tηλε�. Kέντρ�: (210) 5242177, email: (210) 5226641, FAX: (210) 5232409 τηλ.: 210.5234559, φαξ: 2105203633, theogi@otenet.gr Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, * ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of Tα δηµ�σιευ�µενα κείµενα απη��ύν τις απ�ψεις των Συντακτών τ�υς the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

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The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to OιThe αναγγελίες εντ�ς πλαισί�υ των νέων εκδ�σεων απ�τελ�ύν πρ�σ��ρά term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early�ιλική 1960s and itareas refers to the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor τ�υ Eπιστηµ�νικ�ύ Yπευθύν�υ τ�υ Περι�δικ�ύ πρ�ς τ�υς Συγγρα�είς τ�υς of the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof * London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”.

Bάσει τ�υ N. 2121/1993 και των σ�ετικών καν�νων τ�υ ∆ιεθν�ύς ∆ικαί�υ απαbeing indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work ofµεSociologist Ruth γ�ρεύεται η αναδηµ�σίευση ή η αναπαραγωγή (�λική ή µερική) �π�ι�ν δήπ�τε A description ofδήπ�τε this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth τρ�π� και µε �π�ι� µέσ� κειµένων τ�υ παρ�ντ�ς, �ωρίς πρ�ηγ�ύµενη GLASS at the same period, whileτων similar in other major έγγρα�η άδεια τ�υ εκδ�τ�υ.

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The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification ΤΕΥΧΟΣ Ν. 85/2016 / ΠΕΡΙΕΧΟΜΕΝΑ/SOMMAIRE/CONTENTS Concerns

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120 services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements - Α. ΤΣΑΚΛΑΓΚΑΝΟΣ: Βασικές αρχές του Marketing……………………………………………

122for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, - Κων. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ: Εισήγηση. Ελληνική Μυθολογία, Γλώσσα in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due aκαι systematic and Ιατρική: Σχέσεις στοργής……………………………………………………………………………………

123 University College of London, where she continued her social research.

Her public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. - + Κων. Ι. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ:…………………………………………………………………………….

129 and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. ο Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: - Δευκαλίων Θεσσαλός…………………………………………………………………………………….

130 G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement - Β. ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ - groups, Ε. ΜΙΧΑΛΑΚΗ: Αξιοποίηση και Διαχείριση Ακίνητης Περιουσίας ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Εθνικής Τράπεζας…………………………………………………………………………………………….

131 the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the - Αρτ. Δ. ΣΑΒΒΙΔΟΥ: Γ.Ν. ΧΑΤΖΗΓΕΩΡΓΙΟΥ: Καινοτόμοι τρόποι εκπαίδευσης και whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation).δυναμικού των Ο.Τ.Α.: Η περίπτωση της επιμόρφωσης του στελεχιακού potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Περιφέρειας Κεντρικής Μακεδονίας……………………………………………………………………

145 The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersof to the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor - Α. ΤΣΑΚΛΑΓΚΑΝΟΣ - Χ. ΣΠΑΘΗΣ: Χρηματοοικονομική Λογιστική ……………………..

149 then observed trend wealthy peopleΗ to buy property in poor - the Β. ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ: Γ. them, ΠΑΠΑΣΤΑΜΑΤΙΟΥ: Τα Μ.Χ.Τ.: λειτουργία του areas London, upgrade stay of themselves sometimes there andτους thusμέσω old residents areof London, upgrade them,και stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are τραπεζικού συστήματος η επίδρασή τους στις ΜμΕ……………………………………….

150 being indirectly “squeezed”. indirectly “squeezed”.

- being Αρτ. Δ. ΣΑΒΒΙΔΟΥ: Μαυρ. ΠΑΝΟΥΡΓΙΑΣ: Η Συμβολή της Αυτοδιοίκησης στην A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, thisπερίπτωσης: phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth Τοπική Ανάπτυξη Μελέτη Δήμος Μαραθώνος…………………………………

157 GLASS at the same while similar in other major -cities Β. ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ: ΕΛ. ΣΤΑΥΡΑΚΑΚΗ: Assessment of Master Thesis “Sovereign Debt GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major in Western countries, by other Researchers. and FDIin- Western Athen, crossthe - country withResearchers. a special focus onscholars Greece”……………………..

160 cities countries, bypreoccupied other Since issueanalysis has several and for its more - Π. ΣΤΕΡΙΑΔΟΥ: Μία ευαίσθητη Συγγραφέας του several καιρού μας……………………………..

163 Since then, the issue has preoccupied scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various - comprehensive Αρτ. Δ. ΣΑΒΒΙΔΟΥ: approach Κ. ΖΩΜΠΟΣ:are Ο ρόλος τηςsummarized Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης στηνthe various being below, from interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: ενίσχυση των Μικρομεσαίων Επιχειρήσεων και της επιχειρηματικότητας στην interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Ελλάδα. Ανάλυση εμπειρικών παραδειγμάτων……………………………………………………

168 to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money - Ινστ. Τοπ. Αυτοδ. ΚΕΔΕ …………………………………………………………………………………..

173 and time to travel from the purlieus downtown, where place is, lack of the - Σ. ΠΛΥΜΑΚΗΣ: Συνεργασία δημοσίουto- ιδιωτικού τομέα καιwork τοπική ανάπτυξη termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town του centres, στην1.Ελλάδα: Κριτική αξιολόγηση της εμπειρίας εφαρμογής Προγράμματος Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly)for JESSICA……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements174 lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where - studies Κέντρο Ερευνας Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης «Ιερώνυμος ΠΙΝΤΟΣ και and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier YorkΔ.she came to back to London, in According 1943 sheΙερ. published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Αναστασία ΠΙΝΤΟΥ»……………………………………………………………………………………

183 College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and - University Εκδότης, Επιστημονικός 184 long-term informal effortΥπεύθυνος…..…………………………………………………………….. by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. - 10th Περιεχόμενα……………………………………………………………………………………………………

186 and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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