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Προς μια GENTRIFICATION Ευρώπη των εθνικών συμφερόντων; Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Του κ. Ναπ. ΜΑΡΑΒΕΓΙΑ Καθηγητού του Εθνικού και Καποδιστριακού Concerns Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών, πρώην Αντιπρυτάνεως Ε.Κ.Π.Α.,
πρώην Υπουργού By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Τα τελευταία χρόνια υπάρχουν σοβαρές ενδείξεις ότιUniversity η Ευρωπαϊκή Technical of Crete
Ένωση διολισθαίνει προς μια διακυβερνητική διαμόρφωση σχεδόν όλων 1. Introductory approach: the concept των πολιτικών της που δενDefining συνδέονται με την οικονομική ολοκλήρωση, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, εγκαταλείποντας σταδιακά τα υπερεθνικά της στοιχεία. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the Μετά από πολλές περιπέτειες και όσο η οικονομία πίεζε προς among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the μεγαλύτερη ολοκλήρωση, ηa first, Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση acquisition ofοικονομική knowledge starts with theindefinition the content ofδημιούργησε concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” if of not final, approach, the term 1 therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, notthe final, approach, the term την Based, Τελωνειακή την Ενιαία Αγορά καιif την Νομισματική Ένωση, (andΈνωση, urban gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), asλειτουργία the “refining” of a οποίων city area, ανέπτυξε the removalπραγματικά from this, (in various για την εύρυθμη των κοινές Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the fromthere this, (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually low-income and theremoval placement of πολιτικές που ασκούνται σεofυπερεθνικό ευρωπαϊκό επίπεδο (εμπορική ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, However this “change”, of πολιτική, πολιτική ανταγωνισμού και etc. νομισματική πολιτική). Οιregardless υπόλοιπες the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof πολιτικές που speculation). δημιούργησε,has, εξελίσσονται σε of κοινοτικές, whatever other consequences results also rising land prices δηλαδή (and the potential relative ασκούνται με την ενεργό παρέμβαση και τη συγχρηματοδότηση των potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification foundμια atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s andΤέλος, itareas refersοι κρατών-μελών, ακολουθώντας τάση the then observed trend ofiswealthy toεπανεθνικοποίησης. buy property in poor ofto the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof κρίσιμες για την εθνική υπόσταση πολιτικές (εξωτερική, αμυντική και London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. δημοσιονομική) τα τελευταία χρόνια ασκούνται σχεδόν αποκλειστικά από being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth τα κράτη-μέλη της Ε.Ε., συχνά χωρίς is προηγούμενη συνεννόηση. A description ofperiod, this phenomenon included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations recorded in other major Όσον αφορά στην εξωτερική πολιτική, ενδεικτικές είναι οι GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. περιπτώσεις της Ε.Ε. προς τηνscholars Αλβανίαand καιfor τηitsΒόρεια Since then,της the διεύρυνσης issue has preoccupied several more Since then, the issue preoccupied several below, scholars andthe forσχετικά its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from various Μακεδονία καθώς και τηςhas πρόσφατης Διάσκεψης του Βερολίνου comprehensivethe approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations phenomenon theη following: με τον εμφύλιοofστη Λιβύη, όπου of καιgentrification, τις δύο φορές, Γερμανία υποστήριξε interpretations of the phenomenon of thecategory following: theκαι phenomenon is due togentrification, aΠαρομοίως, trend of a new of social groups τη In μίαa sense, πλευρά η Γαλλία την άλλη. στην αμυντική πολιτική, to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money η στάση Γερμανίας της Γαλλίας σχετικά μεwork τη συμπεριφορά and time toτης travel from the και purlieus to downtown, where place is, lack ofτης the Τουρκίας, στο της Ατλαντικής Συμμαχίας, δείχνειfor πόσο 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes theπλαίσιο distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where sheσυμφέροντα her first studies. 1932 she οι entitled: διαφορετικά έχουνIn αυτές χώρες-πυλώνες της services of health,made education, entertainment “at published the δύο heartan ofimportant the city”,study (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. ευρωπαϊκής ολοκλήρωσης. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Τέλος, όσον αφορά στη δημοσιονομική πολιτική, έχει διαπιστωθεί University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her ισχύει work areμόνο characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH ότι ο κανόνας του δημοσιονομικού ελλείμματος, μεDICTIONARY. βάση το and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Σύμφωνο Σταθερότητας που υπεγράφη το 2012 εν μέσω οικονομικής G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually
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