Issue 104 by peny

Κείμενα, Αναδημοσιεύσεις, Άλλα στοιχεία

ΑΘΑΝΑΣΙΟΣ * Γ. Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ * E. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ * Ευγ. Γ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ * Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ (Επιστημονικός Υπεύθυνος Έκδοσης) * Ακαδημία Αθηνών * Ακαδημία Αεροπορική Ελλάδος * Amer. Biogr. Inst., Τιμητική Διάκριση σε Const. GE. ATHANASOPOULOS * Νίκ. ΑΝΑΣΤΑΣΙΑΔΗΣ (Πρόεδρος Κυπριακής Δημοκρατίας) * Ι. - Δ. ΑΦΕΝΤΟΥΛΗ * Β. ΒΑΣΙΛΙΚΟΣ * Π. ΒΕΛΗΣ * Ιω. ΒΛΑΣΣΗΣ * Γ. ΒΛΑΧΟΣ * Βρυξέλλες: Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ Επιστ. Υπεύθ. Επιστ. Ημερίδων * Άρ. ΓΑΡΟΥΦΑΛΗΣ * Γ. ΓΕΩΡΓΗΣ * Μ. ΓΙΑΝΝΑΚΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ * Μιχ. ΓΚΙΟΚΑΣ * Ν. ΓΟΥΛΑΝΔΡΗ * Αν. ΔΙΑΜΑΝΤΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ * Β. ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ * Δικηγορικός Σύλλογος Αθηνών * Λ.Δ. * Ιω. ΔΡΑΓΩΝΑΣ * ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α. / πρώτο τεύχος 1995 * Ε. ΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΟΥ * ΕΥΡΩΠΑΪΚΗ ΕΝΩΣΗ: Στρατιωτική Επιτροπή, Πρόεδρος * EUROPEAN COMMISSION Programme, Leader Prof. Const. GE. ATHANASOPOULOS * The ECONOMIST * Ελ. ΖΑΧΑΡΙΟΥΔΑΚΗΣ * ZIMBABWE: Συντονιστής δράσης Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ * J. - Cl. JUNKER * Ίδρυμα ΩΝΑΣΗ * Ελ. ΚΑΒΒΑΔΙΑ * Β. ΚΑΖΕΙΡΑ * Α. ΚΑΪΛΗΣ * Θ. ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΣ * Αθ. ΚΑΛΟΚΑΙΡΙΝΟΥ * Ίκαρος ΚΑΝΕΛΛΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ * Π. ΚΑΝΕΛΛΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ (Πρωθυπουργός Ελλ.) * Εγκώμιον ΚΑΡΑΪΣΚΑΚΗ * Γ. ΚΑΡΚΟΥΛΙΑΣ * Χρ. ΚΑΝΤΖΙΟΥ * Κωνσταντίνος ΚΑΡΑΜΑΝΛΗΣ (Πρόεδρος Ελλ. Δημ.) * Κ. ΚΑΡΑΜΑΝΛΗΣ * Π. ΚΑΡΒΟΥΝΗΣ * Αγγ. ΚΑΠΕΤΑΝΙΔΗΣ * Ρ. ΚΑΠΙΤΣΑΛΑ * Γ. ΚΑΣΙΜΑΤΗΣ * ΜΟΥΣΙΚΟΣ ΚΑΙ ΔΡΑΜΑΤΙΚΟΣ ΣΥΛΛΟΓΟΣ, 1871 - 2021 ΩΔΕΙΟ ΑΘΗΝΩΝ, Πρόεδρος Ν. ΤΣΟΥΧΛΟΣ * Γ. ΚΑΦΟΥΣΗΣ * Ν. ΚΟΝΣΟΛΑΣ * Μ. ΚΟΥΤΣΟΦΤΑΣ * Μ. ΚΟΥΛΟΥΜΠΗ * Χ. ΚΥΡΙΑΚΙΔΗΣ * Αμ. ΚΩΤΣΑΚΗ * Β. ΛΑΜΠΡΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ * Γ.Μ. ΛΕΠΤΟΣ * Κ. ΛΕΠΤΟΥ * Π. ΛΕΠΤΟΣ * + Μιχ. ΛΕΠΤΟΣ * Μιχ. Γ. ΛΕΠΤΟΣ * Ξ. ΛΙΑΝΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ * Δικαστ. ΛΟΥΞΕΜΒΟΥΡΓΟΥ * Ν. ΜΑΡΑΒΕΓΙΑΣ * Γ. ΜΑΡΗΣ * Πρ. (Μ.) ΜΑΥΡΙΔΗΣ * Α. MAVROUDIS * Π. ΜΕΛΑΪΣΗΣ * Σπ. ΜΕΛΑΣ * Π. ΜΗΛΙΑΡΑΚΗΣ * Κυριάκος ΜΗΤΣΟΤΑΚΗΣ (Πρωθυπουργός Ελλ.) * Π. ΜΙΧΑΪΛΙΔΗΣ * Ανδρ. ΜΟΛΕΣΚΗΣ * P. MOSCOVICI * Ντόρα ΜΠΑΚΟΓΙΑΝΝΗ * Ε. ΜΠΑΚΟΓΙΑΝΝΗΣ * Κ. ΜΠΟΥΡΜΑΣ * Δ. ΝΟΥΣΗ * Σόλ. ΞΕΝΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ * O.E.C.D., Athens UNIVERSITY, Leader Prof. Const. GE. ATHANASOPOULOS * Κληροδότημα Σπ. ΠΑΛΑΣΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ * Ηλ. ΠΛΑΣΚΟΒΙΤΗΣ * Ευαγόρας ΠΑΛΛΗΚΑΡΙΔΗΣ * Γρ. ΠΑΓΚΑΚΗΣ * Πανεπιστήμιο ΘΕΣΣΑΛΙΑΣ: Πρωτεργάτες * Πανεπιστήμιο ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος * Μ. ΠΑΠΑΓΙΑΝΝΗ * Κ. ΠΑΠΑΓΙΑΝΝΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ * Ιωσήφ ΠΑΠΑΔΑΤΟΣ * Ιερ. ΠΑΠΑΔΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ * Ι. ΠΑΠΑΖΑΧΑΡΙΑ * Πάντειον Π.Κ.Π.Ε. * Θαν. ΠΑΠΑΜΙΧΑΗΛ * Γεώργιος ΠΑΠΑΝΔΡΕΟΥ * G. PAPANDREOU * Ι. ΠΑΠΑΖΑΧΑΡΙΑ * Γ.Μ. ΠΑΠΑΧΑΤΖΗΣ * Κάρολος ΠΑΠΟΥΛΙΑΣ (Πρόεδρος Ελλ. Δημ.) * Ι. PARGINOS * Στ. ΠΕΡΕΝΤΙΔΗΣ * Γιάγκος ΠΕΣΜΑΖΟΓΛΟΥ * Περιφέρεια ΑΤΤΙΚΗΣ * Αναστ. Ιερ. ΠΙΝΤΟΥ * Ιερ. Δ. ΠΙΝΤΟΣ * Ηλ. ΠΑΣΚΟΒΙΤΗΣ * Νικ. ΡΑΠΤΗ * O. REHN * Άρτ. ΣΑΒΒΙΔΟΥ * Κ. ΣΑΛΩΝΙΤΗΣ * Χρήστος ΣΑΡΖΕΤΑΚΗΣ (Πρόεδρος Ελλ. Δημ.) * ΚΕΝΤΡΟ ΕΡ. ΠΕΡ. ΑΝΑΠΤ. Ιερ. Δ. ΠΙΝΤΟΣ και Αν. Ιερ. ΠΙΝΤΟΥ, Πρόεδρος Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ * Γ. ΣΤΑΜΑΤΗΣ * Δ. ΣΕΒΑΣΤΑΚΗΣ * Ανδρ. ΣΚΑΡΤΣΙΛΑΣ * Σχολή Εθνικ. Αμύνης: Επίτιμος Διαλέκτης Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ * Π. ΣΚΛΙΑΣ * Π. ΣΟΥΡΤΖΗ * Μιχαήλ ΣΤΑΣΙΝΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ (Πρόεδρος Ελλ. Δημ.) * Κ. ΣΤΕΡΙΑΔΟΥ * Κωνσταντίνος ΣΤΕΦΑΝΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ (Πρόεδρος Ελλην. Δημ.) *

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Epitheorisi-athanasopoulos.webnode.gr Επιστημονικός Υπεύθυνος Έκδοσης Διοικητ. Υπηρεσίες: Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ Ε. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ hephaestus.nup.ac.cy/Athanasopoulos Constantinos GE Α. ΚΥΡΑΓΓΕΛΟΥ http: // library.panteion.gr/pandemos - Ελληνικά περιοδικά Facebook.com/Κωνσταντίνος ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ Ε-mail: kongeathan@gmail.com researchgate.com/Googlescolar.com Τηλ.:0030/6944.626140, 0030/210.8647120, Fax:0030/210.8658868 Ε. - Μ. Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ

Τεύχος / Ν. 104 ΑΘΗΝΑΙ / ATHENES / ATHENS 2021

E¶. A¶. TO¶. AYT. ¶EP. AN. / R.DEC. ADM. LOC. DEV. REG. / R. DEC. LOC. GOV. REG. DEV.

KˆÓÛÙ·ÓÙ›ÓÔ˜ °E. A£ANA™O¶OY§O™ KˆÓÛÙ·ÓÙ›ÓÔ˜ °E. A£ANA™O¶OY§O™ K·ıËÁËÙ‹˜ ¶·ÓÙÂ›Ô˘ KÔÈÓ. Î·È ¶ÔÏ. EÈÛÙËÌ., Αθ. ΣΤΙΒΑΚΤΗ * Κ. ΣΥΡΙΓΟΣ Ιω. ¶·ÓÂ. competence of *state affairs inK·ıËÁËÙ‹˜ their ¶·ÓÙÂ›Ô˘ Region, ¶·ÓÂ.based KÔÈÓ. Î·È on ¶ÔÏ. Article EÈÛÙËÌ., 101 of current ΤΑΣΣΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ * Ελ. ΤΖΙΝΗ * ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙËÌ›Ô˘ AıËÓÒÓ (EÈÛÎ.), 3 Constitution. Τιμητικές -Κληροδότημα Διακρίσεις Διεθνείς, (EÈÛÎ.), Σπ. ΠΑΛΑΣΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ, Ελάτεια…………………………………………. 2 Ex Ch.L.U.L. Bruxelles, Ex Int.¶·ÓÂÈÛÙËÌ›Ô˘ I.I.A.P.,AıËÓÒÓ Paris εξ Ελλάδος * Abolition ΤΟ ΒΗΜΑ of* the Αθ.13 Regions ofExthe Government Decree of 6/3/1987. 13 new Ch.L.U.L. Bruxelles, Ex Int. I.I.A.P., Paris της Γραφειοκρατίας…………………………………………………………….. 3 ΤΡΙΚΟΥΠΗΣ-«Το * Γ.Τέρας» ΤΡΟΥΠΗΣ Θ. Regions come in* their place (Organizations of second grade local government) ΤΡΟΥΠΗΣ -Απονομή * Δ. ΤΣΑΚΑΛΑΚΗΣ * Βεβαιώσεων……………………………………………………………………………... 3 along the municipalities (Organizations of first grade) as an expression of Ν. ΤΣΟΥΧΛΟΣ * with Υποτροφίες * -Βασίλης ΒΑΣΙΛΙΚΟΣ: ΤΑ ΣΙΛΟ…………………………………………………………….……. 3 Υπουργείο popular Δημόσιας Τάξηςthey consist a fundamental institution of the Greek public life, sovereignty, Βεβαιώσεων 3 Ελλάδος *-Επίδοση Υπουργείο Δημόσιας Συμμετοχής σε δραστηριότητες Βρυξελλών………….. as guaranteed by *the of Article 102 of the current Constitution4 and the Τάξης Κύπρου * Κ. ΦΛΩΡΑ Α.provisions E¶IKOINøNIA -Επίδοση Βεβαιώσεων Συμμετοχής σε δραστηριότητες εν Βρυξέλλες…….…. 3 E¶IKOINøNIA 5 ΧΑΡΑΛΑΜΠΟΥΣ * Δ. ΧΑΡΟΝΤΑΚΗΣ European CharterKOINH of Local Self-Government. °NøMH KOINH °NøMH Βρυξελλών……….…. -Επίδοση Βεβαιώσεων Συμμετοχής σε δραστηριότητες 3 * Ι. ΧΑΤΖΗΕΛΕΥΘΕΡΙΟΥ AbolitionEI¢H from 1/1/2011 of the Prefecture, Local Government of second grade, ¢HMO™IOTHTA™ EI¢H ¢HMO™IOTHTA™ -Prodromos MAVRIDIS: La Securite Sociale……………………………………………….. Ευγ. - Μ. Κ. as ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ * Law 1622/1986 (which ultimately was not implemented3 it was provided by AN£Pø¶INE™ ™XE™EI™ AN£Pø¶INE™ ЕВГЕНИЯ МАРИА АФАНАСОПУЛУ -Ίδρυμα ΩΝΑΣΗ: Διάλεξη Κωνστ.™XE™EI™ ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ………………………….. 3 * G. - S. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ¢IAºHMI™H * ¢IAºHMI™H -Γιάγκος ΠΕΣΜΑΖΟΓΛΟΥ………………………………………………………………………….. 3 Θαν. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ * Ευστ. MARKETING MARKETING Β. ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΗΣ * Α. BENTENIOTIS * -Βρυξέλλες: Επιστημονικές Ημερίδες………………………………………………………… 3 3. Article 101 of current 1975/1986/2001/2008: ¶PO¶A°AN¢A Ελ. ΒΟΜΒΟΛΑΚΗΣ * Π.Κ. ΒΟΥΡΝΑ * Constitution ¶PO¶A°AN¢A -Πάντειον Π.Κ.Π.Ε.: επίδοση Πτυχίων………………………………………………………… 3 State’s administration is organized according to the decentralized system. Ελ. ΓΑΒΡΙΗΛ * Στ.ñΓΕΩΡΓΙΟΥ * Μ. - Σπ. TO «¶PO´ON» TøN ME™øN TO «¶PO´ON» TøN ME™øN ñ Administrative division of the country is formed on the basis of geo-economic, social and δραστηριότητες εν Βρυξέλλες……………………………….………….. 3 ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΣ-Επιστημονικές * M. - Sp. DELITHEOS MAZIKH™ E¶IKOINøNIA™ transport conditions. E¶IKOINøNIA™ * Αθ. ΔΟΥΣΗΣ * Ανδρ. MAZIKH™ ΕΥΡΙΠΙΔΟΥ -Επιστημονικές δραστηριότητες εν Βρυξέλλες………………………………………….. KAI £EøPHTIKH £EME§Iø™H ñ Regional Institutions of the StateENNOIA generally have decisive competence on issues of their3 * Ιλ. ΕΥΡΙΠΙΔΟΥ * K. ZENIOU * ENNOIA KAI £EøPHTIKH £EME§Iø™H TøN ¢HMO™IøN ™XE™EøN province. Central Government,Πανεπιστήμιο apart from special cases, has the general direction, coordination3 -Εκδήλωση Αποφοίτησης, HARVARD………………………………….. Ιατρικός Σύλλογος Πάφου *¢HMO™IøN Στ. of the Regional™XE™EøN and controlTøN of legitimacy institutions as¢HMO™IøN provided ™XE™EøN by law. OI «APXE™» TøN ΚΑΒΒΑΔΙΑΣ-Επιστημονικές * ñ Μ. ΚΑΡΑΓΙΑΝΝΗ δραστηριότητες, Παρίσι, Αθήναι…………………………….………... Common legislator and Administration, when they act normative, they are obliged to take3 OI «APXE™» TøN ¢HMO™IøN ™XE™EøN H and OP°ANø™H TøN Y¶HPE™IøN * Κ. ΚΑΤΑΡΓΙΑ Α. ΚΑΤΣΗ * Κατ.conditions of island into*account the special mountainous areas, ensuring their growth. -Βιβλιοθήκη Πανεπιστημίου U.L.B……………………………………………………..….…... 3 TøN ¢HMO™IøN ™XE™EøN ΚΩΝΣΤΑΝΤΙΝΙΔΗArticle - ΒΛΑΔΙΜΗΡΟΥ * H 101A OP°ANø™H TøN Y¶HPE™IøN -Foreign Assoc………………………………………………………………………………… Λαμπρ. ΚΟΥΦΑΚΗ * Press. Χρ. ΚΩΤΣΙΑΣ * provides for ™XE™EøN TøN ¢HMO™IøN Where Constitution the establishment and™XE™EøN operation of an Independent3 TA ME™A TøN ¢HMO™IøN Ι. ΜΑΡΚΑΤΟΥ * Ν. ΜΕΓΑΣ * Γ. ΜΕΗ Authority, its Members are appointed for a fixed tenure and they are governed by personal and -Δραστηριότητες του Κέντρου Προώθησης Ηθικών και Πνευματικών TA ME™A TøN ¢HMO™IøN TY¶O™,™XE™EøN PA¢IOºøNIA, TH§EOPA™H * Α. ΜΑΡΜΑΡΑ * Αικ.independence, ΜΑΚΡΙΔΗ * as specified by law. functional Δ. ΚΑΡΛΟΣ…………………………………………………………………………..….……… 3 INTERNET PA¢IOºøNIA, TH§EOPA™H Β. ΜΕΛΕΤΗΑξιών. * Στ. ΜΗΤΡΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 4.TY¶O™, Article 102 of the Constitution 1975/1986/2001/2008: * Δ. - Μ. ΜΙΧΑΛΑΚΟΠΥΛΟΥ *ofΕλ. ñ Administration local affairs belongs to Local Government Organizations of first and second TO ¢E§TIO TY¶OY -Επιβράβευση έργων ευποιίας………………………………………………………….………. 3 INTERNET ΜΟΥΓΚΟΥ * grade. Χ. Μ. ΜΟΥΝΤΟΥΦΑΡΗ HTY¶OY ¢EONTO§O°IA TøN ¢HMO™IøN ™XE™EøN -Δημοτικά Τραγούδια Δυτικής Θεσσαλίας και ιδίως περιοχής TO ¢E§TIO * Μ. ΜΠΑΛΑ * Στ. ΜΟΛΕΣΚΗ * To Local Government Organizations there is presumption ofτης competence for the NOMIKE™ PY£MI™EI™ administration of local affaires. Law defines the extend and types of local affairs and the3 Χ. ΝΤΟΝΑΔΟΣ * Χρ. ΠΑΝΑΓΗ Σοφάδων……………………………………………………………………………………………...….. H ¢EONTO§O°IA TøN ¢HMO™IøN ™XE™EøN distribution between grade. Law may delegate to Local Government * Ευαγ. ΠΑΛΛΗΚΑΡΙΔΗΣ * each Β. H TEXNIKH TH™ ¶PO™ø¶IKH™ ¶POBO§H™ organizations the3 -Άρης ΓΑΡΟΥΦΑΛΗΣ……………………………………….………………………………………... NOMIKE™ PY£MI™EI™ exercise of powers consist state’s mission. ΠΑΠΑΓΙΑΝΝΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ * thatΠ. EI¢IKA £EMATA ¢HMO™IøN ™XE™EøN ñΠΑΠΑΝΑΣΤΑΣΙΟΥ Local Πανεπ. Government have administrative and financial autonomy. Their3 -Πάντειον Κ.Π.Ε…………………………………………………………………………….. ΠΑΠΠΑ * Μύρ. - Organizations H TEXNIKH TH™ ¶PO™ø¶IKH™ ¶POBO§H™ H ¶EPI¶Tø™H TH™ E§§HNIKH™ are elected by universal and secret voting, as providedA™TYNOMIA™ by law. ΛΟΪΖΙΔΗ * -Το Γ.authorities ΣΑΒΒΑ * Στέφ. ΣΕΦΕΡ τραύμα ωςprovide χωρική ασυνέχεια. Σπουδή. Γ. - Σπ. Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ….. 3 EI¢IKA ¢HMO™IøN ™XE™EøN LawΣΚΑΡΛΟΣ may£EMATA - ΚΑΒΒΑΔΙΑΣ *ñ Δ. * Γ.the establishment of compulsory or voluntary associations of Loca Government Organizations for works or provision of services. These associations may be Αξιωματικών ΕΛΑΣ - EUROPA 3 Aı‹Ó·È,COLLEGE…………………………. 2010 H-Μετεκπαίδευση ¶EPI¶Tø™H TH™ E§§HNIKH™ A™TYNOMIA™ ΤΣΑΓΚΟΥΛΗΣ * Δ. ΤΖΙΟΝΗΣ * Μαρ. administrated by elected bodies ΤΡΟΥΠΗ * Ανδρ. * -Βασ.ñ ΧΑΡΑΛΑΜΠΟΥΣ ΑΡΤΙΝΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ……………………………………………………………………………… State exercises supervision over Local Government Organizations, which concerns solely to3 2010 legitimacy control andAı‹Ó·È, it is not allowed to block their initiative and freedom of action. Legitimacy3 -Συμβούλιο της Επικρατείας……………………………………………………………..………. control is exercised as provided by law. Disciplinary sanctions to elected bodies of loca Eπείγ�υσα ανακ�ίνωση -Ν. ΑΝΑΣΤΑΣΙΑΔΗΣ / Μιχ. Γ. ΛΕΠΤΟΣ………………………………………………...……... administration, apart from cases involving automatic deduction or idleness, are being applied3 Παρακαλείσθε θερµώς επιθυµείτεofναregular λαµ�άνετε τακτικώς στ�as µέλλ�ν only with the consent of a Council, consisted at �σ�ι majority judges, provided by law. 3 -Μιχ. Γ. 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1821of Intervention, GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types ΟΙ ΧΕΙΡΟΓΡΑΦΕΣ ΕΦΗΜΕΡΙΔΕΣ Definition, Types intervention, Concerns of Gentrification ΟΠΛΟ ΤΩΝ ΕΠΑΝΑΣΤΑΤΩΝ ΚΑΙ of ΕΜΨΥΧΩΣΗΣ ΤΟΥ ΛΑΟΥ Η ΣΥΜΜΕΤΟΧΗ ΚΥΠΡΙΩΝ ΑΓΩΝΙΣΤΩΝ ΣΤΗΝ ΕΠΑΝΑΣΤΑΣΗ Concerns Του κ. Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ Καθηγητού Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Καθηγητού Πανεπ. Αθηνών, Harvard University, GraduateΠρογρ. SchoolΣπ. of Design, Student, By Mr.Ομοτ. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Καθηγητού ΠΑΝΤΕΙΟΥ Architect Π.Κ.Π.Ε., Student of the School Architecture Ex Ch. L. U. L., Bruxelles, Ex Int. of I.I.A.P., Paris, Technical University Crete Δικηγόρου παρ΄ Α.Π., Σ.τ.Ε., Ελ. Σ., Δικ. Ε.Ε. και Σ. τ.ofΕυρ., Κατόχου Τιμητ. Διακρ. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept LE PRIX EUROPEEN DES 12 ETOILES 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 Athens), among other he left us, he established a great the Με δέοςwise και heritage σεβασμό επιχειρείται στο ανά χείρας κείμενο η BC, προσέγγιση among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition ofόχι knowledge starts with the content concepts. της ωρισμένων, ιδιαίτερα γνωστών, πτυχών του of συγκλονιστικού γεγονότος acquisition ofτου knowledge starts with οthe the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, term Επανάστασης 1821, όπως είναι Τύπος εκείνης της περιόδου και the ιδίως οι 1 (and urban Based, therefore, onτου. this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term χειρόγραφες εφημερίδες gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Στο as τέλος του κρίνεται, συνοπτική αναφορά στην Sociology well), as άρθρου the “refining” of aαναγκαίο city area,να theγίνει removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various συμμετοχή των Κυπρίων στο όλο εγχείρημα του 1821, ως ένδειξη ελάχιστης τιμής ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, στις θυσίες τους την απελευθέρωση τουetc. Έθνους απόthe την μακραίωνη δουλεία. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and placement of artists, the operation ofγια art galleries, restaurants, However this “change”,there regardless of Για την καλλίτερη κατανόηση αυτής της συνοπτικής καταγραφής αναφέρονται the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof 1. εδώ μερικά στοιχεία για την επικοινωνία και τα μέσα που την whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising ofεξυπηρετούν land pricesσήμερα (and the potential relative Έτσι, αντιπαράθεση με τα μέσα του 1821, θα μπορέσετε εκ του ασφαλούς να potential relative speculation). Theσεterm gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to εκτιμήσετε τις προσπάθειες τωνfound πρωτοπόρων του παρελθόντος. The term gentrification atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Είναι γνωστόν, ότι η επικοινωνία είναι ζωτικής για σύγχρονο the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buyσημασίας property in τον poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof κόσμο, γιατί παρέχει τηνstay βάση για τηνsometimes κατανόηση καιand στηthus συνέχεια για την London, upgrade them, themselves there old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. συνεργασία μεταξύ των ατόμων2 των ομάδων, των λαών. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Για να έχουμε σωστή επικοινωνία είναι απαραίτητες τρεις κυρίως, A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major προϋποθέσεις: GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Westernμέσα countries, by other Researchers. - Τεχνικά προσιτά. cities Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issueπου has several scholars -in Νόμοι, ήθη, έθιμα, θαpreoccupied διέπουν την χρησιμοποίησή τους. and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andτων forαναγκών its more comprehensive are being summarized from the various - Πρόσωπα, approach που θα αναλάβουν επαγγελματικά τηνbelow, ικανοποίηση comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various επικοινωνίας των interpretations ofάλλων. the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations of the gentrification, thecategory following: παρά τηνphenomenon ικανοποίηση και των τριών αυτών προϋποθέσεων, είναι In aΒέβαια, sense, the phenomenon is dueof to a trend of a new of social groups ενδεχόμενο να μην υπάρχει δυνατότητα άρτιας επικοινωνίας για άλλους λόγους. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in sense1.of 1 safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better Κ. Γ. she ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ: περί Τύπου Διοικητικά μέτρα. Β΄an έκδ. Αθήναι, 1983, 9. Berlin,Βλ. where made her first Τα studies. In 1932 she published important studyσ.entitled: services 2 of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, η (possibly) Youth Βλ. Unemployment. The same Μεθοδολογία year she left Germany and Η after continuous Κ. Γ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ: της Προβολής. δημοσιότητα. 15movements έκδ. Αθήναι,for lower living cost “withdrawal” from access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, London and car Neweasier York she came back to London, 2018, σ. 26. Για ταof, γεγονότα της Prague, εποχής βλ.:private Αμβροσίου ΦΡΑΝΤΖΗ: Επιτομή της Ιστορίας της in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher in the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and Αναγεννηθείσης Ελλάδος, 1715 - 1835, τόμ. 3. Εν Αθήναις, 1839. Διασωθέν αντίτυπο, Βιβλιοθήκη University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Οικογενείας του Συντάκτου του ανά χείρας άρθρου. Στο εν λόγω έργο (τόμος Α΄) γίνεται λόγος her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. πέραν των περί τουetc., Ρήγαfor ΦΕΡΡΑΙΟΥ, γιαLondon τον οποίο ο Συνθέτης, Πιανίστας και Παιδαγωγός and selling realCOLLINS estate, theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.άλλων Wil. SONS AND Ltd. 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Ιωσήφ ΛΙΒΕΡΑΛΗΣ (1819 1899) αφιέρωσε το πρώτο του μελόδραμα με ιταλικό κείμενο του Γερασ. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually ΜΑΡΚΟΡΑ, που έφερε τον τίτλο Ρήγας ΦΕΡΡΑΙΟΣ, θέατρο San GIACOMO, Κέρκυρα.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Τα μέσα που εξυπηρετούν σήμερα τις ανάγκες μαζικής επικοινωνίας στις Δημοκρατικές Πολιτείες, έχουν βελτιωθεί και πολλαπλασιασθεί λόγω της αλματώδους εξελίξεως της τεχνολογίας. Ακόμη, έχουν μία διπλή υπόσταση: είναι αφ΄ενός «εμπορικό» και αφ΄ετέρου «κοινωνικό» προϊόν. Αυτά ισχύουν σήμερα. Πώς ήταν όμως η κατάσταση στον τομέα της επικοινωνίας στον Ελλαδικό χώρο πριν από 200 χρόνια; «Δεν είναι ώρα να εξετάσωμεν εάν έγινε η Επανάστασις (του 1821) εις αρμόδιον καιρόν, μήτε αν οι Αρχηγοί αυτής έκαναν τα πρέποντα… Αλλά ας ίδωμεν τι By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS συμφέρει κατά το παρόν Harvard να κάμνωμεν… Φροντίσατε να συστήσετε υπέρτατην University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Διοίκησιν… ήτις να διασαλπίση τον σκοπόν μας… Οι εξ Ευρώπης Ομογενείς έφεραν By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect μαζί των τυπογραφίας, συστήσατε λοιπόν αμέσως εφημερίδας εις διάδοσιν Student of the School of Architecture ειδήσεων… Δια των εφημερίδων και των Ιεροκηρύκων εμπορείτε ναUniversity εξάψετε γενικόν Technical of Crete ενθουσιασμόν…». σε μία από Defining τις πρώτεςthe επιστολές Αυτά γράφει3approach: 1. Introductory conceptτου, προς τον Νεόφυτο ΒΑΜΒΑ, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the conceptαπό ο Αδαμάντιος ΚΟΡΑΗΣ (1748 1833) συγκλονισμένος επαναστατικό μήνυμα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444τοBC - 370 BC, Athens), του 1821. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the Ο Τύπος όμως heritage είχε απασχολήσει πολύ ενωρίτερα τους Έλληνες, ιδίως της among other wise leftthe us,definition he established a great acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content of“principle”: concepts. the Διασποράς. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Ενδεικτική αναφορά: 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Η πρώτη 1ελληνική εφημερίδα4 εκδόθηκε στην Βιέννη μεταξύ Απριλίου - Μαΐου gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various 1784, υπό του Ελληνος Λογίου Γεωργίου ΒΕΝΔΟΤΗ ή Βεντότη, εκ Ζακύνθου. Δεν Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), groups, usuallyότι of και low-income and theτον placement of artists, πρέπει of να social αγνοηθεί το γεγονός, άλλοι, πριν από ΒΕΝΤΟΤΗ,there προσπάθησαν of social groups, usually ofτης low-income and placement artists, the operation of προς art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”,there regardless of μεways), αιτήσεις τους το Υπουργείο Αστυνομίας τηςthe Αυστροουγγαρίας ναof πάρουν the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever otherεκδόσεως consequences has, results also of land prices (and theof προνόμια, άδειες εφημερίδων, αλλά δεν τα rising κατάφεραν. whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, αλλά results also rising ofο land prices (andέχει the potential relative Η εφημερίδα ήταν εβδομαδιαία, είναι άγνωστος τίτλος της. Δεν potential relative speculation). σωθεί αντίτυπο. Η έκδοσή σταμάτησε τονin Ιούλιο 1784 από Theκανένα term gentrification is foundτης at first in the UK earlyτου 1960s andύστερα it refers to The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first inΠρεσβευτή the UK in early 1960s and επειδή itareas refersof τουρκικά διαβήματα προςofτον Αυστριακό στην Τουρκία, ηto the then observed trend to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy people to there buyοιproperty in poor areas εφημερίδα κυκλοφορούσε καιof στην Ελλάδα και μάθαιναν Έλληνες τις ενέργειες της London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof τουρκικής κυβερνήσεως. φυσικάsometimes δεν συνέφερε στους Τούρκους, οι οποίοι London, upgrade them,Και stayτούτο themselves there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. 5. δεν είχαν και σε μεγάλη εκτίμηση την τυπογραφία being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth χρόνια μετά την παύση της εφημερίδος τουrecorded ΒΕΝΤΟΤΗ και AΤέσσερα description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar inαρχίζουν other major πάλι διαβήματα διαφόρων Ελλήνων (Δημήτριος ΘΕΟΧΑΡΙΔΗΣ, 1788) προς τις αρχές GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. της Βιέννης για να επιτύχουν προνόμιο, δηλαδή άδεια για την έκδοση εφημερίδων. 6 cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Τελικά είναι οι αδελφοί ΜΑΡΚΙΔΑΙ ΠΟΥΛΙΟΥ Πούμπλιος και Γεώργιος, Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe forοι itsοποίοι more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from various θα εκδώσουν στην approach Βιέννη την δεύτερη ελληνική εφημερίδα με τον τίτλοthe Εφημερίς, comprehensive are being summarized below, from various interpretations of the1790. phenomenon of gentrification, theτις following: Η Εφημερίς παύθηκε από Αυστριακές Αρχές τον την 31η Δεκεμβρίου interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups Ιανουάριο του 1798. η to “return” city, leaving purlieus από for several reasons: high in Άνθιμο money Ιανουαρίου 1811the εκδόθηκε τον Διδάσκαλο του costs Γένους Την 1to the and time to travel the purlieus to downtown, where work is, lack of the ΓΑΖΗ, στην Βιέννηfrom επίσης, η δεκαπενθήμερη εφημερίδα Λόγιοςplace Ερμής. Η έκδοση 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for was born sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies town centres, διεκόπη περί τα τέλη του έτους 1814 αλλάGLASS, οoutside Λόγιος Ερμής επανεκδόθηκε τοbetter 1816in Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: η Μαΐου 1821. από τουςof Θεόκλητο ΦΑΡΜΑΚΙΔΗ και Κώστα ΚΟΚΚΙΝΑΚΗ, μέχρι services health, education, entertainment “at the heart of την the1city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for

lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, 3 she published in According 1943 studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and Αδ. ΚΟΡΑΗ: Επιστολαί. Εκδ. Ν. Δαμαλά. Αθήναι, σ. 663 - 666. University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and 4 long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Βλ. Κ. Θ. ΠΑΠΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΟΥ: Φρούρια Ελευθερίας. Αθήναι, 1971, σ. 13, 78. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 5 ΕΠΙΘΕΩΡΗΣΙΣ ΤΕΧΝΗΣ. Αθήναι, 1955, σ.London 151 - 154. ΕΠΤΑΝΗΣΙΑΚΑ Αθήναι, Νοεμβρ. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of partΦΥΛΛΑ. of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 1958, σ. 170-171, (έγγραφα Αυστριακών Αρχών, δημοσιευθέντα υπό Γ. ΛΑΪΟΥ). G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 6

Βλ. Γ. ΛΑΪΟΥ: Ο ελληνικός τύπος της Βιέννης 1784 - 1821. Αθήναι, 1969, σ. 21.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Το 1811 εκδόθηκε, επίσης στην Βιέννη μία νέα ελληνική εφημερίδα με τίτλο Ειδήσεις δια τα Ανατολικά Μέρη. Εκδότης της εφημερίδος αυτής, η οποία κυκλοφορούσε κάθε Τρίτη και Παρασκευή, ήταν ο Ιωσήφ ΧΑΛΛ, Λογοκριτής ελληνικών βιβλίων και γενικός Διευθυντής Λυκείου στη Βιέννη, ο οποίος χρησιμοποίησε την σχετική άδεια, που έλαβε το 1807. Υπεύθυνος όμως για την σύνταξή της ήταν ο εκ Μακεδονίας Ευφρόνιος Ραφαήλ ΠΟΠΟΒΙΤΣ. Η εφημερίδα άλλαξε τίτλο την 3η Ιανουαρίου 1812 μετονομασθείσα σε: Ελληνικός Τηλέγραφος, ενώ νέος By διευθυντής ανέλαβε ο ιατρός Δημήτριος Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΙΔΗΣ εκ Τυρνάβου Θεσσαλίας, ο οποίος κατά διαστήματα εξέδιδε και Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, παράρτημα του Ελληνικού Τηλεγράφου, τον Φιλολογικόν Τηλέγραφον. Ο Ελληνικός By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Τηλέγραφος, συνέχισε την έκδοσή του μέχρι το 1829 ή κατ΄άλλους μέχριof τοArchitecture 1836. Student of the School Η τελευταία χρονολογικά εφημερίδα που εκδόθηκε στην University Βιέννη προ της Technical of Crete Επαναστάσεως του 1821 είναι η Καλλιόπη του Αθανασίου ΣΤΑΓΕΙΡΙΤΟΥ, εκ Μακεδονίας. Το πρώτο φύλλο Defining της κυκλοφορήθηκε 1. Introductory approach: the conceptτην 1η Ιανουαρίου 1819. Ήταν 1. Introductory Defining the concept δεκαπενθήμερη με 8 approach: συνήθως σελίδες, η δε δομή και το(444 ύφος της προσεγγίζει προς ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), τον Λόγιον Ερμήν, υστερούσα όμως σε φιλολογική βαρύτητα και αξία. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the η Μαΐου 1821, γιατί ο εκδότης της αρνήθηκε να Η Καλλιόπη παύθηκε την 15left among other wise heritage us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with the of the content concepts. the συμμορφωθεί την αξίωση τηςwith Αυστριακής Αρχήςof ναthe δημοσιεύσει εγκυκλίους acquisition ofπρος knowledge starts theindefinition content ofτις concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term του Πατριάρχου κατά του Υψηλάντου. 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification Όμως εφημερίδες ελληνικές εκδόθηκαν το 1819 και στο Παρίσι και στο 1 (and urban gentrification gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Λονδίνο. Στο Παρίσι: η Αθηνά την 28η Φεβρουαρίου 1918 ως εφημερίς περιοδική, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andΔιέκοψε the placement there artists, φιλολογική, επιστημονική, πολιτική και εμπορική. την έκδοσή τηςofτην 15 η ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of Μαΐου 1819. ΗofΜέλισσα, φιλολογική εφημερίς ελληνική, του Σ. ΚΟΝΔΟΥ, η οποία the operation ofconsequences artτης galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this regardless whatever other has, results rising of “change”, land prices συνέχισε την έκδοσή μέχρι το 1821. Στο Λονδίνο, εξ άλλου, εκδόθηκαν το(and 1819,the οιof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the εφημερίδες Ίρις ή speculation). Τα Νυν Ελληνικά και το Μουσείον, του οποίου εκδότης ήταν ο Π. potential relative potential relative speculation). ΙΩΑΝΝΙΔΗΣ. The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto Όλες αυτές οι trend εφημερίδες, όπωςatαναφέρει ο Κωνσταντίνος ΠΑΠΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΟΥ the then observed ofiswealthy people to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas «έφεραν εις πνευματικήν επαφήν τους διεσκορπισμένους Έλληνας την London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus εθεμελίωσαν old residents areof μεταξύ τωνupgrade εθνικήν αλληλεγγύην και αμοιβαίαν κατανόησιν, εμόρφωσαν πνεύματα, London, them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. εσκόρπισαν και εζωογόνησαν, με θαλπωρήν τον σπόρον της ελευθερίας διέδωσαν την being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth παιδείαν, απαραίτητον δια να επανακτήση η Ελλάς αρχαίαν της A description ofperiod, this προϋπόθεσιν, phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of την Sociologist Ruth GLASS atωςthe same while similar in other major άλκην και at δόξαν αφύπνισαν τας ψυχάς και ανέφλεξαν τας καρδίας, ετοιμάσασαι το GLASS the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. 7 γένος δια την μεγάλην απόφασιν του Σηκωμού». cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then,ήρθε the issue has several scholars andτων forελληνικών its more Και όταν ηissue ώρα του Σηκωμού, όλη αυτή η δραστηριότητα Since then, the has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from κύκλων της διασποράς σταμάτησε, με μόνη εξαίρεση την εφημερίδα Ελληνικός comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of οι theεκδότες, phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Τηλέγραφος. Και συντάκτες και συνεργάτες των φύλλων αυτών είτε interpretations of the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, phenomenon is due togentrification, aείτε trend of a new of social groups ανέλαβαν νέεςthe πρωτοβουλίες στη Δύση, κατέβηκαν στην Ελλάδα να πάρουν to “return” the city, leaving the several reasons: money μέρος στον to Αγώνα, φέρνοντας μαζίpurlieus τους καιfor την εκδοτική πείρα,high αλλάcosts και in πολύτιμα and time to travel from8 the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the τυπογραφικά σύνεργα. The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS was bornηin sense1.of safety atcomes theδεν distributed residencies town συνθήκες, centres, better Όμως ακόμη είχαν διαμορφωθεί οιoutside κατάλληλες ούτε for υπήρχε Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: δυνατότητα για τηνeducation, έκδοση έντυπων φύλλων. “at Έτσι, λύση παρέμεινε η έκδοση services of health, entertainment theμόνη heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for χειρογράφων εφημερίδων. Και τελικά αυτή η λύση ακολουθήθηκε για να εκδοθούν lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, συνολικά 3 χειρόγραφες εφημερίδες. in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 7 Βλ. Κ.Θ. Φρούρια Ελευθερίας, Αθήναι, 1971, σ. 67. and selling realΠΑΠΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΟΥ: estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 8 Βλ. ΝΕΑ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΗ ΒΙΒΛΙΟΘΗΚΗ (ΕΡΜΗΣ): Ο Τύπος στον Αγώνα. Επιμέλεια: Αικ. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

ΚΟΥΜΑΡΙΑΝΟΥ. Αθήναι, 1971, τ. Α΄, σ. Θ΄.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Με λίγα λόγια η διαδικασία για την έκδοση χειρογράφων εφημερίδων, που ακολουθήθηκε ήταν η εξής: Ο εκδότης του φύλλου (Αξιωματικός του Στρατού, Δημοδιδάσκαλος, Ιερεύς, απλός Πολίτης ή Αξιωματούχος του Κράτους) συνέλεγε το υλικό του από προφορικές διηγήσεις, από στοματικήν πληροφορίαν ή από επιστολές φίλων και συνεργατών. Ύστερα έγραφε ο ίδιος τα πρώτα ή περισσότερα φύλλα, που τα αντέγραφαν άλλοι και με απεσταλμένους, τους πεζοδρόμους, τα έστελναν στα γύρω χωριά και στις πόλεις. Εκεί τα φύλλα διαβάζονταν ή αντιγράφονταν πάλι και 9. έτσι όλο και περισσότεροι μάθαιναν τα νέα By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Η πρώτη χειρόγραφηHarvard εφημερίδα εκδόθηκε στο Γαλαξείδι. φύλλο Student, της που University, Graduate School Ένα of Design, σώθηκε έχει ημερομηνία 27 Μαρτίου 1821. Ο πρώτος που έγραψε γι΄αυτήν είναι ο By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect και Ψευτοεφημερίδα και Κωνσταντίνος ΣΑΘΑΣ10. Η εφημερίδα ωνομάσθηκε Student of the School of Architecture Ψευτοφυλλάδα «δια τας εν αυτή γραφομένας τερατολογίας και ανυπόφορα ψεύδη». Technical University of Crete Στο φύλλο που σώθηκε αναγράφονται ειδήσεις για την Επανάσταση παραποιημένες ή φανταστικές. Αλλά, γραμμένα αυτά τα κείμενα «με τρόπο που 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept μπορούσαν να μπαίνουν όχι μόνο στο μυαλό, αλλά και (444 στηνBC καδιά των Ανθρώπων, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, - 370 BC, Athens), διατυπωμένα κιόλας έτσι που να μηGreek μπορείphilosopher, να αμφισβητηθεί εύκολα ή BC, εγκυρότητά ANTISTHENIS, the ancient (444 BC 370 Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great11“principle”: the …. τους, σίγουρα θα έπαιρναν… διαστάσεις και προεκτάσεις μυθικές» among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Ο Κ. ΣΑΘΑΣ γράφει σχετικά: «Οι the αποτελούντες τηνthe Επαναστατικήν Επιτροπήν acquisition of knowledge starts with definition content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if of not final, approach, the term Γαλαξιδίου, δυσφορούντες επί τη απραξία των άλλων επαρχιών, επενόησαν εύλογον 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification το τέχνασμα εις εξανάγκασιν των δισταζόντων και ενθάρρυνσιν των μαχομένων, 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various έγγραφον δηλαδή εφημερίδα δια της οποίας εβεβαίουν πάντας περί των συμπαθειών Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of εις low-income and the placement there of artists, και ενεργειών της Ευρώπης, ιδία δε μεν τους Πελοποννησίους διεκοίνουν τας εν τη ways), of social groups, of low-income thethis placement there ofεπί artists, the operation of restaurants, etc. “change”, regardless of Στερεά μάχας ειςart δεgalleries, τους usually Στερεοελλαδίτας ταςHowever ενand Πελοποννήσω, τερατωδώς το the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof πλείστον παραμορφούντες τα πράγματα…». whatever other consequences has, results also rising επηρέαζε of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). Πάντως, φαίνεται πως η εφημερίδα του Γαλαξειδίου τους τοπικούς potential relative speculation). πληθυσμούς «μεγάλως επενήργησε πνευμάτων τυφλώς πιστευομένη υπό The termκαι gentrification is found at επί firstτων in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto του Λαού». the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy people to οι buyΣυντάκτες property in poor areas Από την εφημερίδα που sometimes δυστυχώς παραμένουν London, upgrade them, stay αυτή, themselves there and thus της old residents areof άγνωστοι, διαβάστε τώραstay μίαthemselves είδηση και sometimes κρίνετε μόνοι σας (μια και London, upgrade them, there and thus oldγνωρίζετε residentsτα are being indirectly “squeezed”. πραγματικά περιστατικά) για την ακρίβεια των στοιχείων της: being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth μαςofήρθαν ειδήσεις απόisσημαντικά πρόσωπα πόλης και του A«Σήμερα description this phenomenon included inwere the recorded workτης of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations in other major Μορέως και μας λένε τοperiod, πώς οιwhile Ρούσσοι επέρασαν τα Μπαλκάνια και τραβάνε ντρίτα GLASS at the same similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. στην Πόλη. Το στράτευμα θα ήναι 200.000 της στερηάς και 100.000 του πελάγου (Νο cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more 300.000). Η αρμάτα 8 βατσέλα τριπόντιδες καιseveral φριγάδες 24 (Νο and 32). for Οι Τούρκοι Since then, the issue has preoccupied scholars its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the τραβιώνται στην πέρα πάντα». are being summarized below, from thevarious comprehensive approach various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the κυκλοφορήθηκε following: Η δεύτερη χειρόγραφη εφημερίδα, η Αιτωλική, την 10 η interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon dueof to trend of a και new of social groups Αυγούστου 1821 στο Μεσολόγγι.is Από τηνa αρίθμηση χρονολόγηση των φύλλων to to the the purlieus for several reasons:αλλά high costs money της“return” φαίνεται, ότι city, δεν leaving εκδίδονταν κατά τακτά διαστήματα, όταν in υπήρχαν and time to from theήpurlieus downtown, where work place is, lack ofείναι the ειδήσεις γιαtravel ανακοίνωση άλλοι to λόγοι. Πόσα φύλλα εκδόθηκαν τελικά 1.of The term from αλλά Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, for άγνωστο. Δεν αναφέρεται, συνάγεται ασφαλώς ότι η Αιτωλική εκδίδονταν απόin Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: την Διοίκηση. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for

Βλ. ΤΑΚΗ ΛΑΠΠΑ: Ρουμελιώτικος τύπος 1821 - 1880: Αθήναι, 1959, σ. 12.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Κατά τον Σπυρ. ΛΑΜΠΡΟ12 ο Νικόλ. ΛΑΥΡΙΩΤΗΣ έγραψε το πρώτο φύλλο της εφημερίδος, βοηθούμενος πιθανόν και από άλλους, και κατόπιν το φύλλο αντιγράφονταν. Και στην Αιτωλική υπάρχουν ειδήσεις, που δεν ανταποκρίνονται στα πράγματα. Αναγράφονται όμως με μετριοπάθεια και όχι με τον τρόπο, που παρουσίαζε τα νέα η εφημερίδα του Γαλαξειδίου. Η ειδησεογραφία της Αιτωλικής κάλυπτε τα πολεμικά γεγονότα στην ξηρά και στην θάλασσα και παρέχει μία πολύ καλή εικόνα των πολεμικών επιχειρήσεων στην Ήπειρο καιC.στην Στερεά, καθώς και By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS για τις διαπραγματεύσεις Harvard Αλβανών και Ελλήνων για κοινή αντιμετώπιση των University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Τούρκων. Εξ άλλου, σε δημοσιευόμεναBy ποιήματα υμνείται ο Αθανάσιος ΔΙΑΚΟΣ και Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect επαινούνται άλλοι Έλληνες πολεμιστές. Student of the School of Architecture Η τρίτη στη σειρά χειρόγραφη εφημερίδα της Επαναστάσεως του 1821, ο Technical University of Crete Αχελώος, (Εφημερίς Πολιτική της Δυτικής Χέρσου Ελλάδος), εκδόθηκε στο Βραχώρι 1822. (Αγρίνιο) την 24η Φεβρουαρίου 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining theεπίσημων concept κυβερνητικών Μπορεί να ονομασθεί πρόδρομος των γιατί ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 φύλλων, BC, Athens), πέραANTISTHENIS, από τις ειδήσεις,the δημοσίευε Θεσπίσματα και Αποφάσεις της Γερουσίας ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: της the Δυτικής Ελλάδος. amongΧέρσου other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Συντάκτης του Αχελώου ή υπεύθυνος έκδοσής του, πρέπει να ήταν ο Νικόλαος acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the ΛΟΥΡΙΩΤΗΣ. Άλλως τε κάτω από τον τίτλο της εφημερίδος διαβάζει κάποιος «ειςterm όλα 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification τα εις την εφημερίδα ταύτην εμπεριεχόμενα Δημόσια Ψηφίσματα, αντιγεγραμμένα 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various όντα εκ των πρωτοτύπων του αρχιγραμματείου της Επικρατείας, χρεωστάται παρά Sociology as well), as υποταγή. the “refining” of a city area, the fromthere this,13 (in various ways), ofή social groups, usually ofΑρχιγραμματέας low-income andΝικόλαος theremoval placement of . artists, πάντων προσήκουσα Ο ΛΟΥΡΙΩΤΗΣ» ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, of Όπως διαπιστώνεται όλες οι χειρόγραφες εφημερίδες εκδόθηκανregardless στην Στερεά the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences results rising of land prices (and theof Ελλάδα, αλλά δημοσίευαν ειδήσειςhas, και από άλλεςalso περιοχές. whatever other consequences has, results also rising of landενθουσιάζονταν, prices (and the Μ΄αυτές τις speculation). χειρόγραφες εφημερίδες, ο Λαός ενημερώνονταν, potential relative potential relative speculation). απογοητεύονταν και συνέχιζε Αγώνα, θυσιάζοντας αγαθά1960s του και ζωή του The term gentrification is τον found at first in the UK τα in early andτην it refers to TheΠατρίδα, term gentrification found first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto για την πλάιtrend σε Έλληνες της at Διασποράς, Οπλαρχηγούς, Πολιτικούς the then observed ofiswealthy people toόψιμους buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas Ταγούς, Φιλέλληνες και, βεβαίως, ενίοτε, εντός κλίματος διχόνοιας… London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof 14 μετέφερε Μόλις άρχισε η Επανάσταση του 1821 ο Δημήτριος London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes thereΥΨΗΛΑΝΤΗΣ and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. μαζί του ένα «πλήρες» τυπογραφείο που χρησιμοποιήθηκε για την έκδοση της being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth εφημερίδας «Σάλπιγξ Ελληνική» τονsimilar Αύγουστο 1821in στην Καλαμάτα, Διευθυντή A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while were inμεother major τον Αρχιμανδρίτη Θεόκλητο ΦΑΡΜΑΚΙΔΗ, και με τον οποίο ο Δ. in ΥΨΗΛΑΝΤΗΣ GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. διεφώνησε έντονα countries, για θέματαby «ελευθεροτυπίας», και αποτέλεσμα να παραιτηθεί ο Θ. cities in Western other Researchers. Since then,και the issue hasη preoccupied several scholars and for its more ΦΑΡΜΑΚΙΔΗΣ να διακοπεί έκδοση της εφημερίδας! Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied beingτου summarized from Από το 1825 με την συνδρομή Ελληνικού Κομιτάτου του Λονδίνου η comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Ελλάδα «πλημμύρισε» από τυπογραφεία και άρχισε η έκδοση εφημερίδων σε πολλές interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In aτης sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend ofΝαύπλιο, a new of social groups πόλεις Ελλάδος, όπως η «Γενική Εφημερίς» στο τα «Ελληνικά Χρονικά» to “return” to theηcity, leaving the purlieus for several reasons:κ.ά., highμεcosts money στο Μεσολόγγι, «Εφημερίς των Αθηνών», στην Αθήνα τηνinσυνήθη and time toέντονων travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work(ενίοτε place is, of της the κατάσταση δια του Τύπου πολιτικών αντιπαραθέσεων, γιαlack χάριν termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for 12 lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private easier access to markets, etc.where studies Σπ. and ΛΑΜΠΡΟΥ: research Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, Χειρόγραφες εφημερίδες τουcar Αγώνος. ΝΕΟΣ ΕΛΛΗΝΟΜΝΗΜΩΝ, Α΄, in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher in the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and Αθήναι, 1904, σ. 450 έπ. University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and 13 long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Βλ. Δ. ΜΑΡΓΑΡΗ: Οι χειρόγραφες εφημερίδες του 1821. Ημερολόγιον το Ελληνικόν. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Αθήναι, 1929, σλ.COLLINS 132 επόμ.etc., and selling real estate, for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 14 Βλ. Σπ. ΜΕΛΑ: Ο ερχομός του ΥΨΗΛΑΝΤΗ. Εφημερίς ΕΛΕΥΘΕΡΟΝ ΒΗΜΑ. Αθήναι, 12 G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

Νοεμβρίου 1930.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

αντιπαράθεσης….)15, με αποτέλεσμα ο Κυβερνήτης Ι. Α. ΚΑΠΟΔΙΣΤΡΙΑΣ να εκδώσει «Εν Ναυπλίω τη 1η Μαΐου 1831» το υπ΄αρ. 2085 Ψήφισμα κανονίζον τα του Τύπου, προβλέπον άδεια έκδοσης, προληπτική λογοκρισία κ.ά…. Ενώ αυτά ετεκταίνονται στην Ηπειρωτική Ελλάδα στην θαλασσοφίλητη Κύπρο, «απώτερο προμαχώνα του Ελληνισμού στην Ανατολική Μεσόγειο» 16, τα ανήσυχα τέκνα της δεν διστάζουν να μετάσχουν σε επαναστατικές απελευθερωτικές κινήσεις, όπως πχ. στην επαναστατική ομάδα των Συνεργατών του ΡΗΓΑ ο Ιωάννης ΚΑΡΑΤΖΑΣ από την Λευκωσία του στραγγαλίστηκε μαζί τους στο Πύργο Νεμπόϊζα By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS του Βελιγραδίου μεταξύ 13Harvard και 24 University, Ιουνίου 1798 και τα σώματά πετάχθηκαν Graduate School ofτους Design, Student, στον Δούναβη… By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Ακολουθεί συνοπτική και ενδεικτική αναφορά για of την ποικίλη Student theσημαντική School ofκαι Architecture Κυπριακή συμμετοχή στην Ελληνική Επανάσταση του 1821 (με την ελπίδα ο Technical University ofότι Crete υπογράφων θα έχει την δυνατότητα να επανέλθει επί του θέματος στο μέλλον). Κατ΄αρχάς, αναφέρονται εδώ οι εκ Κύπρου καταγόμενοι Επίσκοποι ΦΙΛΟΘΕΟΣ 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept τηςANTISTHENIS, Δημητσάνας (εξέπνευσε σε φυλακή της Τρίπολης the ancient Greek philosopher, πριν (444 από BC -την 370απελευθέρωσή BC, Athens), της το 1821), Αθανάσιος ΚΑΡΥΔΗΣ, συνεργάτης του Πατριάρχη ΓΡΗΓΟΡΙΟΥ του Ε΄, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the 17, που κρεμάσθηκε από τους Τούρκους τον Απρίλιο 1821, ΛΑΥΡΕΝΤΙΟΣ among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Μητροπολίτης Κυρηνείας (1816 1821), ο οποίος καρατομήθηκε από τους acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Οθωμανούς κ.ά.. 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification Με την 1έκρηξη της Επανάστασης, χίλιοι τουλάχιστον Κύπριοι από την Κύπρο gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various και από άλλες χώρες έσπευσαν ως Εθελοντές στην ηπειρωτική Ελλάδα για να Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, δεν usually low-income andσε the placement of artists, πολεμήσουν. Ο αριθμός είναιofευκαταφρόνητος, σχέση με τον there τότε πληθυσμό ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of της Μεγαλονήσου. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising land prices (and της theof Όλοι αυτοί είχαν παράλληλα στο νου τους, και of την απελευθέρωση whatever other consequences has, results also rising of έμειναν land prices the potential relative speculation). Κύπρου και εργάζονταν γι΄αυτήν. Πολλοί σκοτώθηκαν, άλλοι στην (and Ελλάδα potential relative speculation). καιThe όσοιterm επέστρεψαν στην Κύπρο αντιμετώπισαν διοικητικά gentrification is found at first in theποικίλλα UK in early 1960s προβλήματα. and it refers to TheΠαρά term gentrification iswealthy foundτου atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers ταύτα, με τηνofπάροδο χρόνου επαναστατικό από την the then observed trend toτοbuy property inμήνυμα poor ofto the then observed trend wealthy people από to there buy property in poor areas ηπειρωτική Ελλάδα διαδόθηκε στην Κύπρο Κύπριους Λόγιους, όπως οof London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are Επαμεινώνδας ΦΡΑΓΚΟΥΔΗΣ, Απόφοιτος sometimes της Ιονίου there Ακαδημίας, ο οποίος τύπωσε London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. στην και διένειμε Κύπρο προκηρύξεις τονof Λαό της Κύπρου σε being indirectly “squeezed”. A Αθήνα description of this στην phenomenon is includedκαλώντας in the work Sociologist Ruth 18 επανάσταση… A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Τους καιρούς, «Επαναστατικές» εκδηλώθηκαν GLASS at theίδιους same period, situationsδράσεις were recorded in other κατά major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. περιόδους στην Κύπρο σε επίπεδο εθνικό, περιφερειακό και τοπικό, παρά το cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more με αυταπάρνηση, γενναιότητα και ολιγάριθμο των the κατοίκων στοpreoccupied τελευταίο19, several Since then, issue has scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the μεγαλωσύνη, την οποία εξύμνησαν σπουδαίοι Κύπριοι Λογοτέχνες, Ποιητές, Καλλιτέχνες.

comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a15sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Βλ. Γενικά στοιχεία στο Απόστ. ΔΑΣΚΑΛΑΚΗ: Τα πιεστήρια και τα Τυπογραφεία έφθασαν στην to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Ελλάδα πριν από τα πυρομαχικά. Αθήναι, 1971. 16 to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the and time Βλ. την σημαντική καταγραφή του Γιώργου ΓΕΩΡΓΗ: Η συμβολή της Κύπρου στους Αγώνες και 1.of The term fromκαι Sociologist RuthΠανεπιστήμιο GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth ΚΥΠΡΙΑΚΑ, GLASS for was born sense safety atcomes theΕθνικό distributed residencies outside town centres, search better την Πρόοδο του Έθνους. Καποδιστριακό Αθηνών: Σειρά: Τόμος Α΄,in Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Ανάτυπο. Αθήναι, 1989, σ. 73, 76. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth17Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Βλ. Κωστή ΚΟΚΚΙΝΟΦΤΑ: Ο Εθνομάρτης Μητροπολίτης Κυρηνείας ΛΑΥΡΕΝΤΙΟΣ (1816 etc. - 1821). lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, where Αποστ. ΒΑΡΝΑΒΑΣ, Επίσημο περιοδικό της Εκκλησίας Κύπρου. Περ. Γ΄, τ. ΝΘ΄, Λευκωσία, Φεβρουάρ. in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and 1998, τεύχ. 2, σ. 37 επόμ. University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and 18 long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Βλ.are Γιώργης ΓΕΩΡΓΗΣ: Ενθ΄αν., σ. 79. for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. her work characterized by a passion 19 and selling realCOLLINS estate, theCodepreciation initially of part Επίσκοπος of the urban web, in Βλ. Wil. μεταξύ άλλων: etc., Χριστ.for ΠΑΠΑΝΙΚΟΛΑΟΥ: ΧΡΥΣΑΝΘΟΣ: Τιτουλάριος Τριμυθούντος 10th edit. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: εκ Γιόλου. Κωνσταντινούπολη, περίοδος 1821 1859. Πάφος, Μάϊος 2014, σ. 5. Εμμ. ΠΡΩΤΟΨΑΛΤΗ: Η G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

Κύπρος εις τον Αγώνα του 1821. Αθήναι, 1971.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Τοις Εντευξομένοις Concerns ή Ηξιώθην χάριτος…

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate of Design, Student, Του κ. Κωνστ.School ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Καθηγητού Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ,Architect Πάφος, Student of the Σπ. School of Architecture Καθηγητού Προγρ. Πανεπ. Αθηνών, Technical University of Crete

Ομοτ. Καθηγητού ΠΑΝΤΕΙΟΥ Π.Κ.Π.Ε., Ex Ch. U. L., Bruxelles, Ex Int. I.I.A.P., Paris, 1. Introductory approach: Defining theL.concept Δικηγόρου παρ’ Α.Π., Σ.τ.Ε., Ελ. Σ.,BC Δικ.- Ε.Ε. τ. Ευρ., 1. Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 370 και BC,Σ.Athens), Διακρ. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370Τιμητ. BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a Κατόχου great the LE PRIX EUROPEEN DES 12 ETOILES among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the from this, of (inartists, various Η low-income τρέχουσα παγκόσμιος συγκυρία έχει ways), of social groups, usually of and theremoval placement there ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, προκαλέσει καιetc.προκαλεί πλήθος προβλημάτων, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, However this “change”, regardless of the operation ofconsequences art galleries, etc.also However this whatever other has, results of “change”, land prices (and theof ενίοτεrestaurants, τραγικών, επίrising δικαίων και regardless αδίκων, whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). πλουσίων και πενήτων, ανεξαρτήτως φύλου, potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in theδέρματος, UK in early τόπου 1960s andκατοικίας, it refers to φυλής, χρώματος The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor υψηλού ή μη πνευματικού εχόντων ή μηof the then observed trend wealthy people to there buyεπιπέδου, property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are υψηλό προσδόκιμο ζωής… London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Δεν είναι μόνον in η the νόσος COVID-19, η οποία being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included work of Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ενσπείρει τον φόβο και την ανασφάλεια επί GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major πάντων, αναστέλλουσα κάθε συνήθη ή cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more ενθουσιώδη προσπάθεια καθημερινής ή Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from φιλόδοξης υφής, αλλά και πλήθος άλλων comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: παρεμβαινόντων παραγόντων, μεταξύ των interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups οποίων συγκαταλέγονται η οικονομική ύφεση, η to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money μείωση παραγωγικών δραστηριοτήτων, οι and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the περιφερειακοί πόλεμοι, οιRuthδιασυνοριακές termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search Berlin, where she made her first studies. In διεκδικήσεις 1932 she published an important study entitled: εντάσεις, οι ισχυρών ή μη έναντι services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for ισχυρών ή private αδυνάτων, ηaccess μετανάστευση εκ lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from to markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due aκαταστάσεων, systematic and ποικίλων αιτίων, (εμπολέμων University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying καιCOLLINS διώξεων, κλιματικών her work are characterizedπολιτικών by a passion forταραχών justice. See also: ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: αιτιών, ανεργίας, επιθυμίας αναζήτησης G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order to achieve theκ.ά.). “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually καλλίτερης τύχης

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Ως εκ τούτου η υπόμνηση, ότι η ανά χείρας GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, ΕΠΙΘΕΩΡΗΣΗ συνεπλήρωσε με το παρόν τεύχος είκοσι έξη έτηDefinition, συνεχούς και αδιάλειπτης έκδοσης, προϊόν Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification έμπνευσης του αειμνήστου πατρός μου Γεωργίου Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ, θυσιών Concerns εμού και της οικογένειάς

μου, αλλά και πλειάδος πιστών, ανιδιοτελών και σπουδαίων Συνεργατών, τους Byοποίους ευχαριστώ Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS θερμώς, και από την θέση αυτή, παρέλκει. Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Υπογραμμίζεται όμως εμφαντικώς η πεποίθηση Student of the School of Architecture όλων όσων έχουν συμμετάσχει στο εν λόγω εγχείρημα Technical University of Crete ανιδιοτελώς, ότι οι αγώνες, οι θυσίες, οι κοπιώδεις 1. Introductory approach: the concept προσπάθειες, οι πικρίες, οιDefining ενθουσιώδεις έπαινοι, οι μη 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept λογικές κριτικές ενίοτε και Greek η αναγνώριση της- 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient philosopher,υπό (444 BC ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among otherκαι wise he left us, he established(444 a great the Κοινωνίας τηςheritage Πανεπιστημιακής Κοινότητος, εντός among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. και εκτός Ελλάδος, της σύνολης προσφοράς μας, acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term εκφρασθείσης και με την δημοσίευση δωρεάν 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is in a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification εκατοντάδων άρθρων Μελών της καιisindicated της εν συνεχεία 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal (in various αξιοποίησής τους σε εκλογές Καθηγητών, συνιστούν Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, έργον σημαντικόν, πρωτοποριακόν, επωφελές και ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of λυσιτελές. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results προς also rising of land prices (and the Καταληκτικώς εκφράζονται όσους potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to συνέβαλαν με οίον δήποτε τρόπο στο όλο εγχείρημα The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor ευγνώμονες ευχαριστίες από βάθους καρδίας και ευχές the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof για την επόμενη ημέρα, την οποία ο γράφων επιθυμεί London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ως συμβάλλουσα στην δημιουργία «ενός κόσμου being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ηθικού, αγγελικά όπως in τον έχει of Sociologist A description ofperiod, thisπλασμένου», phenomenon is situations included the recorded work Ruth GLASS at the same while similar were in other major ονειρευθεί ο Εθνικός Ποιητής Δ. ΣΟΛΩΜΟΣ, στην GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. ικανοποίηση πόθων κατ΄ΑΡΙΣΤΟΤΕΛΗΝ, Since then, ανθρωπίνων the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more ειπόντος «πάντες Άνθρωποι του ειδέναι ορέγονται», comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of theκατ΄ΑΙΣΧΥΛΟΝ phenomenon of gentrification, the following: δεδομένου, ότι «το εύ πράσσειν interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense,έφυ theof phenomenon is dueof to aευτυχία trend of aείναι new of social groups ακόρεστον πάσι βροτοίσι», (ηgentrification, κάτι to to οι theΆνθρωποι city, leavingποτέ the purlieus for several1…). reasons: high costs in money με“return” το οποίο δεν χορταίνουν and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for 1 lower living costχείρας of, in “withdrawal” from private easier access to markets, etc.where studiesΣτο andανά research Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she came back to London, τ. 104/2021, όπως και στα προηγούμενα τ. 101/2020, 102/2020, in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher in the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and 103/2021 αναδημοσιεύονται και κείμενα εν όλω ή εν μέρει από προηγούμενα τεύχη University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying της ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α., (ΕΠΙΘΕΩΡΗΣΗΣ ΑΠΟΚΕΝΤΡΩΣΗΣ, ΤΟΠΙΚΗΣ ΚΑΙ her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINSΑΥΤΟΔΙΟΙΚΗΣΗΣ ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of τους part και of the urban web, in ΠΕΡΙΦΕΡΕΙΑΚΗΣ ΑΝΑΠΤΥΞΗΣ), λόγω της ιδιαίτερης σημασίας προς ενημέρωση 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aιδίως variety of ways, in orderκαι to Φοιτητών achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, των νέων Επιστημόνων και φωτογραφικό υλικό. Η θέση (actually τους στην

14 σειρά σελίδων της ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α. δεν συνιστά και αξιολόγησή τους.

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Ε.Ε. of Intervention, GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types Επιτεύγματα και Προσδοκίες Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Του κ. Κυριάκου ΜΗΤΣΟΤΑΚΗ ConcernsΠρωθυπουργού της Ελλάδος

Εξοχώτατοι, Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Κυρία Πρόεδρε της Ελληνικής By Δημοκρατίας, Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Κύριε Πρόεδρε του Ευρωπαϊκού Κοινοβουλίου, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Κύριε Πρόεδρε του Ευρωπαϊκού Συμβουλίου, Student of the School of Architecture Κύριε Αντιπρόεδρε της Ευρωπαϊκής Επιτροπής,Technical University of Crete Μακαριώτατε, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Κύριε Πρόεδρε της Βουλής, 1 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Κυρίες και Κύριοι, ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the «Από την 1η Ιανουαρίου του 1981, η Ελλάδα ξαναβρίσκει τη θέση της among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. στην Ευρώπη τηνon οποία συνδέεται ιστορικά πολιτιστικά, έχοντας acquisition ofμε knowledge starts with the the content of concepts. Based, therefore, this “principle” indefinition a first,και if of not final, approach, theκοινά term συμφέροντα Με αυτά ταis Καραμανλής 1και Based, therefore, on this “principle” inλόγια a first,οifΚωνσταντίνος notthe final, approach, the term (andστόχους». urban gentrification) indicated (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 υποδεχόταν πριν από 40 χρόνια την ένταξη της Ελλάδας στις τότε gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Ευρωπαϊκές Οικονομικές Κοινότητες, ως μόλις το 10ο μέλος τους. Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the ο Μέλος των termat comes from 10 Sociologist RuthΕυρωπαϊκών GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in Ηthe Ελλάδα Κοινοτήτων sense1.ofThe safety distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Για τον ιστορικό ηγέτη έκλεινε θριαμβευτικά προσωπικό στοίχημα. lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier Yorkένα she came to back to London, Ενώ για she τη published χώρα άνοιγε έναregarding συναρπαστικό ταξίδι την in According 1943 studies cityphenomenon planning. In με 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is τριπλό due aπροορισμό: systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 1 Ομιλία του Πρωθυπουργού κ.depreciation Κυριάκου την διάρκεια ειδικής and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo initially ofκατά part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. LondonΜΗΤΣΟΤΑΚΗ 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: εκδήλωσης στο Ζάππειο Μέγαρο των Αθηνών, 27 Μαΐου 2021. Εδώ παρατίθενται μερικά σημεία G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually της ομιλίας.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Ασφάλεια, τη Δημοκρατία και την Ευημερία. Αυτό το ταξίδι συνεχίζουμε σήμερα, κρατώντας σταθερά την ίδια πυξίδα αλλά έχοντας πια πιο δυνατό άνεμο στα πανιά μας, περισσότερους επιβάτες στο ευρωπαϊκό σκάφος. Και στο τιμόνι του ισχυρούς θεσμούς, που γιορτάζουν τώρα μαζί μας και τους οποίους ευχαριστώ θερμά για την παρουσία τους. Εκείνη η στιγμή του 1981, πάντως, δεν ήλθε χωρίς περιπέτειες. Ας θυμηθούμε ότι η σύνδεση της Ελλάδας με την Ευρώπη είχε ήδη αποφασιστεί By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS το 1961. Η απριλιανή δικτατορία όμως, στα πολλά δεινά που προκάλεσε Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, πρόσθεσε και αυτό του «παγώματος» της ευρωπαϊκής προοπτικής της By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect πατρίδας μας, υπονομεύοντας την ελευθερία, την οικονομία και τον Student of the School of Architecture εκσυγχρονισμό της. Ο χαμένος χρόνος έληξε μαζί με Technical την τυραννία. Κι έτσι, το University of Crete 1975, η δημοκρατική Ελλάδα απευθύνθηκε και πάλι στην Ευρώπη. 1. Introductory approach: Definingκαι theόραμα. conceptΓιατί σφράγιζε τη μετάβαση Ήταν μια κίνηση με ρεαλισμό 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept στην πολιτική ομαλότητα με την ευρωπαϊκή ταυτότητα. ταυτόχρονα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - Και 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCμας -“principle”: 370τις BC, Athens), among heritage he left us,θα he βάδιζε established a great the χάραζε other και τηwise λεωφόρο στην οποία η πατρίδα επόμενες among other wise heritage he left us,αντέδρασαν he established a great the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content concepts. δεκαετίες. Ήταν πολλοί εκείνοι που τότε. Όλοιof“principle”: τους, ωστόσο, acquisition of knowledge starts with the the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first,ακόμα if of not final, approach, the term αγνοούσαν τη συγκυρία της εποχής, μεindefinition νωπή την Κυπριακή τραγωδία 1 (and urban on μας this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the την term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification και Based, με τη therefore, δημοκρατία στα πρώταis της βήματα. Όπως, όμως, και 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various εμβέλεια του εγχειρήματος, με ένα μεσαίο ευρωπαϊκό κράτος να βρίσκει, Sociology as well), asλιμάνι the “refining” of a cityυπερεθνική area, fromthere this, of (in various ways), of social groups, usually andthe theremoval placement επιτέλους, ασφαλές σε of μίαlow-income ισχυρή συμμαχία, μέσα σεartists, έναν ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of αβέβαιο κόσμο. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….of whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential Στιςrelative δεκαετίες που μεσολάβησαν από τότε η κοινή μας διαδρομή, κύριοι potential relative speculation). The termυπήρξε gentrification is found atΗfirst in the της UK in early 1960sσυνάντησε and it refers to Πρόεδροι, συναρπαστική. επιταγή ανάπτυξης την The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor αναγκαιότητα της πολιτικής συνεννόησης. Το πρόταγμα της δικαιοσύνης την the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves andπολύχρωμο thus old residents areof εξέλιξη των δικαιωμάτων. οι εθνικές αποχρώσεις το «ουράνιο London, upgrade them, stayΚαι themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. τόξο» της ενιαίας“squeezed”. ευρωπαϊκής κουλτούρας. being indirectly A description this phenomenon included in the work ofχώρα Sociologist Ruth και ηofof Ελλάδα του 2021 isείναι μία διαφορετική από εκείνη AΌμως description this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar in other major που έκανεatτα πρώτα δειλά της βήματα στην ευρωπαϊκή κοινότητα. Μία χώρα GLASS the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. ταλαιπωρημένη από κρίσεις, δικτατορίες, εμφυλίους και συχνά cities in Western countries, byκαταστροφές, other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more ταλαιπωρημένη από ένα αίσθημα εθνικήςseveral μοναξιάς, βιώνει and σήμερα τηνmore πιο Since then, και the issue has scholars for various its comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the σταθερή και ανοιχτή δημοκρατία που γνώρισε ποτέ. below, from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Η ενσωμάτωση των ευρωπαϊκών κανόνων ενίσχυσε το κράτος δικαίου. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Ήλθαν νέες αντιλήψεις για το Περιβάλλον, για τον Πολιτισμό, για την in Παιδεία. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs money Ενώ η κοινοτική ομπρέλα πλαισίωσε, ενίσχυσε, τη διπλωματική και αμυντική and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the μας 1. φαρέτρα. termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin,Με where she made δεν her first studies. In υπάρχει 1932 she published an important studyνα entitled: λίγα λόγια, πιστεύω ότι δημόσιο πεδίο το οποίο μην services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year sheτη leftσυμβολή Germany and after continuous for ευεργετήθηκε με κάποιο τρόπο από της Ευρώπης. Όπως και στην lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, οικονομία: πόροι της Ένωσης προίκισαν τη χώρα μας με in According 1943 she oι published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due aυπερπολύτιμες systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public and υποδομές.informal Στήριξαν -εδώ πολλέςgroups, δεκαετίεςτην αγροτική παραγωγή, long-term effort by και organized manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. ενθαρρύνοντας τον εξαγωγικό της προσανατολισμό. Η άρση των δασμών and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: έστρεψε, αναγκαστικά, την ελληνική παραγωγή, την ελληνική βιομηχανία G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, προς την ανταγωνιστική καινοτομία. Μεof το intervention, εμπόριο, τις υπηρεσίες, τον Definition, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification τουρισμό, να δρουν πλέον μέσα στη μεγάλη, πανευρωπαϊκή αγορά. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. Concerns

Υπάρχει, από την άλλη πλευρά, και ο θετικός απολογισμός: η Ελλάδα άσκησε πέντε επιτυχημένες προεδρίες, δύο από τις οποίες, μάλιστα, Mr. George-Sp. συνέπεσαν και με διευρύνσεις. By Εργάστηκε για C. τη ATHANASOPOULOS διαμόρφωση των Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Μεσογειακών Προγραμμάτων, όπως και της Συνθήκης του Μάαστριχτ. Πολλοί By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Έλληνες στελεχώνουν καίριες θέσεις σε ενωσιακούς θεσμούς. Δεκάδες Student of the School of Architecture χιλιάδες νέοι μας μοιράζονται το ευρωπαϊκό όραμα μέσω των προγραμμάτων Technical University of Crete Erasmus. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Θυμίζω Introductory approach: the concept ότι το η Greek κυβέρνηση του Κωνσταντίνου Μητσοτάκη ANTISTHENIS, the1992, ancientDefining philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), προώθησε τη Συνθήκη του Μάαστριχτ, με ευρύτατη πλειοψηφία τότε, χάρη ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the στην ωριμότητα και των άλλων πολιτικών κομμάτων. Αλλά και among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. ως acquisition of knowledge starts with the the content ofστόχους: concepts. αντιπολίτευση, η Νέα στήριξε τους δύο εθνικούς την Based, therefore, on Δημοκρατία this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1Κύπρου Based, on this “principle” inΈνωση a first, ifκαι notthe final, approach, term ένταξη τηςtherefore, στην Ευρωπαϊκήis την είσοδό μαςtheστην (and urban gentrification) indicated (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Οικονομική Νομισματική ένωση τελικά στοremoval ευρώ. from this, (in various Sociology as και well), as the “refining” of aκαι city area, the Sociology as well), asτο the “refining” of aτης city area, fromthere this, of (in various Γύρω από ζητούμενο δυνατής ευρωπαϊκής Ελλάδας ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, οικοδομήθηκαν, και this κοινωνικές συναινέσεις the operation of artλοιπόν, galleries,ευρύτερες restaurants,πολιτικές etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless αναβαθμίζοντας την ποιότητα has, της εσωτερικής πολιτικής ζωής. Με ένα whatever other consequences results also rising of land prices (andμόνο theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results rising of land prices (and the potential relative σκοτεινό διάλειμμα: την περίοδο κατά την also οποία επικράτησε ο διχαστικός potential relative speculation). The termτο gentrification found first οδηγήθηκε in the UK inένα earlyμόλις 1960sβήμα and itπριν refers to λαϊκισμός, 2015. Τότεisπου η at χώρα τον The Και term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople firstδυνάμεις in the UK in early 1960s andδιέλυσαν itareas refersofto the then observed trendοιof to buy property in poor γκρεμό. πάλι όμως, προοδευτικές αντιστάθηκαν και the then observed trend wealthy people buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and residents areof τα έωλα συνθήματα. Κράτησαν τον τόπο στηνto Ευρώπη καιthus στοold κοινό νόμισμα. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Και τελικά συνέτριψαν τη δημαγωγία μαζί με το διπλό αντιευρωπαϊκό και being indirectly “squeezed”. A description ofψέμα, this phenomenon included in the work of Sociologist Ruth αντιδημοκρατικό τόσο αυτό μεis το αριστερό προσωπείο όσο και εκείνο description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major με τοAακροδεξιό πρόσωπο του φασισμού και του μίσους. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several οκτώ scholars and for itsηγέτες more Είμαι υπερήφανος, καθώς μαζί με άλλους ευρωπαίους Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from πρωτοστατήσαμε -με μια επιστολή που είχαμε στείλει τον Μάρτιο του comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: περασμένου έτους στον Πρόεδρο του Ευρωπαϊκού Συμβουλίουίδρυση interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: στην a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a Κάτι trend το of aοποίο new socialαπό groups τουInΕυρωπαϊκού Ταμείου Ανάκαμψης. φάνταζεofπριν 1,5 to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money χρόνο όνειρο απατηλό έγινε πραγματικότητα. Και αυτό θα είναι και ο οδηγός and to travel δεκαετίες. from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the μας time τις επόμενες The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside townΕλλάδας centres, νιώθω καιstudies. για τη συμβολή της σε δύο Berlin,Περήφανος where she made her first In 1932 she published an important studyακόμα entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. same year sheτην left Germany and after continuous μεγάλα ευρωπαϊκά The βήματα προς μετα-Covid εποχή. Την από κοινούfor lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London New York sheΠιστοποιητικού came back to London, προμήθεια εμβολίων και την έκδοση τουand Ευρωπαϊκού Covid in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and που θα επιτρέψει και πάλιwhere στουςshe πολίτες μαςher ναsocial ταξιδέψουν με ασφάλεια. University College of London, continued research. Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying her work are characterized by a passionμήνυμα for justice. also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Κλείνω με το αισιόδοξο τοSeeοποίο πιστεύω ότι πρέπει να and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: εκπέμψει και η Διάσκεψη για το κοινό μας Μέλλον. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Συμπολίτες μου της Ευρώπης, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Μπορούμε! Μπορούμε να Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, απαντήσουμε θετικά στην πρόκληση By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect της γενιάς μας. Και να κάνουμε πιο Student of the School of Architecture πράσινη, πιο ψηφιακή, πιο Technical University of Crete παραγωγική, πιο δίκαιη, πιο 1. Introductory ευαίσθητη, την approach: ήπειρό Defining μας γιαthe concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), εκείνους που την κατοικούν. Κυρίως ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other left μας, us, he established(444 a great the όμως για τις wise νέες heritage και τους he νέους among other wise he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge with of the content concepts. the τις ανησυχίες καιheritage ταstarts όνειρα των acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this a first, if of not final, approach, the term οποίων κανείς δεν μπορεί να“principle” αγνοεί. 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Τα επόμενα χρόνια είναι στο χέρι 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various μας να γίνουν τα χρόνια της Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ανόρθωσης. Με μεγαλύτερη ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, of γεωπολιτική επιρροή της Ένωσής μας. etc. However this “change”, regardless the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the Με περισσότερη συνοχή στις whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential speculation). κοινωνίεςrelative μας. Και με ανάδειξη της potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to κοινής μας ταυτότητας, που συνδυάζει The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor την ευρωπαϊκή με την εθνική the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents υπερηφάνεια. Αυτό είναι τοthemselves στοίχημαsometimes there and thus old residentsare London, upgrade them, stay are being indirectly “squeezed”. που πρέπει να κερδίσουμε. Και θα το being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth κερδίσουμε. A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS the same while similar in other major Η atΕλλάδα βαδίζει γοργά στην situations GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. τρίτη του 21ου αιώνα, cities inδεκαετία Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more γιορτάζοντας τα 200 χρόνια της Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from ελευθερίας της και τα 40 χρόνια της summarized below, from the various comprehensive approach are being interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: ευρωπαϊκής διαδρομής της. of Και interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups θυμάται ότι πάντα σε αυτή την to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money πολυκύμαντη καιfrom ταραχώδη διαδρομή, and time to travel the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the πάντα στις δυσκολίες, έστρεφε το GLASS, 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. Inη1932 she published an important study entitled: βλέμμα της στην Ευρώπη. Και services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same she left Germany and after continuous movements for Ευρώπη ήταν πάντα εκεί year για την lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Ελλάδα, όπως η studies Ελλάδα ήταν the και in According 1943 she published regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the toκαι another approach, is due a systematic and University College London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and είναι εδώ για τηνofΕυρώπη. long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Σας ευχαριστώ. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Νέα οικονομική πολιτικήof μετά την πανδημία; GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types Intervention, Definition, of intervention, Του κ. Ναπ. ΜΑΡΑΒΕΓΙΑ ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Καθηγητού Πολιτικής Οικονομίας Concerns Εθνικού και Καποδιστριακού Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών τ. Υπουργού

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS

Μετά τη υποχώρηση της πανδημίας, τουλάχιστον αναπτυγμένες Harvard University, Graduate Schoolστις of Design, Student, χώρες, τίθεται το ερώτημα για τοByμείγμα οικονομικής πολιτικής που θα Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect μπορούσε να συμβάλει σε μια ταχύρρυθμηStudent αναπτυξιακή πορεία. Γιατί μια of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete μεγάλη αναπτυξιακή ώθηση είναι απολύτως αναγκαία για να καλυφθεί το αναπτυξιακό κενό που αφήνει πίσω της η υγειονομική κρίση, καθώς είναι 1. Introductory approach:ύφεση Defining the concept γνωστό ότι η οικονομική έπληξε όλες τις ανεπτυγμένες χώρες με 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek το philosopher, διαφορετική βέβαιαthe ένταση (4-11% 2020) ανάλογα με τη σημασία που ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other heritage he left us, he established a great the έχουν σε κάθεwise χώρα, οι κλάδοι παραγωγής, οι οποίοι(444 απαιτούν συγχρωτισμό, among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. όπως ο τουρισμός, η εστίαση, η ψυχαγωγία, οι μεταφορές ανθρώπων κά. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term Η ύφεση αυτή θα ήταν πολύ υψηλότερη, αν οι κυβερνήσεις δεν 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification δαπανούσαν τεράστια ποσά για να στηρίζουν τις the επιχειρήσεις και τους 1 (and urban gentrification gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various εργαζόμενους στους πληττόμενους κλάδους. Όμως, αυτές οι δημόσιες Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of δημιουργούν social groups, μεγάλα usually of low-income and κρατικούς the placement there of artists, δαπάνες ελλείμματα στους προϋπολογισμούς, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of τα οποία προφανώς αυξάνουν τα δημόσια χρέη σ’ όλεςthis τις“change”, χώρες και ιδιαίτερα the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the στις υπερχρεωμένες του Ευρωπαϊκού Νότου,also οι οποίες δυστυχώς είχαν(and και τη whatever other consequences has, results rising of land prices the potential relative speculation). μεγαλύτερη ύφεσηspeculation). (Ιταλία, Ισπανία, Ελλάδα κλπ). potential relative The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Συνεπώς, η ταχύρρυθμη ανάπτυξη αναγκαία, όχι μόνο για τηνto The term gentrification found atpeople first inείναι the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor of κάλυψη του κενού της ύφεσης, αλλά και για την αποπληρωμή των δημοσίων the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof και των ιδιωτικών χρεών έχουν sometimes δημιουργηθεί. ότιresidents στις ΗΠΑ London, upgrade them, stayπου themselves thereΦαίνεται and thus old are being indirectly “squeezed”. κυρίως, αλλά και στην ΕΕ έχει πλήρως συνειδητοποιηθεί η ανάγκη για ένα νέο being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth μείγμα πολιτικής που θαphenomenon περιλαμβάνει κεϋνσιανά στοιχεία. Η αρχή έχειmajor γίνει A description ofperiod, this is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other από τις Κεντρικές Τράπεζες και των δύο πλευρών του Ατλαντικού, οι οποίες GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. ακολούθησαν εξαιρετικά «χαλαρή» νομισματική πολιτική, με cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then,μία the issue has several scholars andακόμη for itsκαι more την αγορά κρατικών ομολόγων, στον αντίποδα της νομισματικής ορθοδοξίας Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various που ίσχυε για πολλά χρόνια πριν πανδημία. Η «χαλαρή» αυτή comprehensive approach are την being summarized fromνομισματική the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: πολιτική έχειthe στόχο δώσειisώθηση ανάπτυξη, μέσω των interpretations of theνα phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, phenomenon dueof togentrification, aστην trendοικονομική of a new of social groups εξαιρετικά χαμηλών επιτοκίων, ακόμη και σε χώρες με πολύ υψηλό χρέος, to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money όπως η Ελλάδα η Ιταλία. and time to travelκαι from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Τη νομισματική πολιτική ακολούθησε και η δημοσιονομική πολιτική 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for was born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, better Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study εκτός entitled: περισσότερο στις ΗΠΑ και λιγότερο στην Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση. Πράγματι, services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for από τη δημοσιονομική «ένεση» του πρώην Προέδρου Τραμπ, ο markets, νέος Πρόεδρος lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private car access etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and Neweasier York she came to back to London, Μπάϊντεν ναapproach, χορηγήσει τεράστια ποσά in According 1943 sheαποφάσισε published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 sheτον teacher in the to another the phenomenon isαπό due tobecame a Ομοσπονδιακό systematic and University informal College of where she continued her social research. Her public and Προϋπολογισμό γιαLondon, την αντιμετώπιση της πανδημίας (1,9τρις), αλλάofaction και για long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. τον εκσυγχρονισμό υποδομών στη χώρα τουof(2 τρις). Ηurban Ευρωπαϊκή and selling realCOLLINS estate,των etc., for theCodepreciation initially part of the web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aΈνωση varietyακολούθησε of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, με τοAbstract. Ταμείο Ανάκαμψης και βέβαια με τις (actually δημόσιες

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification δαπάνες των επιμέρους χωρών-μελών της. Για πρώτη φορά λειτούργησε, Concerns έστω μια «ιδιοτελής αλληλεγγύη» προς τις λιγότερο αναπτυγμένες χώρες του

Ευρωπαϊκού Νότου που έχουν και τη μεγαλύτερη ανάγκη. Από το συνολικό ποσό των 750 δις του Ταμείου Ανάκαμψης, 50% θα κατευθυνθεί σ’ αυτές τις By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS χώρες, ενώ οι ίδιες συνεισφέρουν στο συνολικό ΑΕΠ της ΕΕ μόνο 25% Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect περίπου, με τη χώρα μας είναι περισσότερο ευνοημένη. Είναι σημαντικό για Student of the School of Architecture την οικονομική ενοποίηση της ΕΕ, ότι για πρώτη φορά γίνεται δανεισμός από Technical of Crete κοινού (δηλ. αμοιβαιοποίηση του χρέους) ενώ μέχρι τώρα,University κάθε λιγότερο αναπτυγμένη χώρα-μέλος που βρισκόταν σε δύσκολη θέση, δανειζόταν μόνη 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept της 1. καιIntroductory πλήρωνε μόνη της το χρέος (π.χ η Ελλάδα στην περίοδο της κρίσης), the concept ANTISTHENIS,approach: the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), χωρίς τη συνεισφορά των περισσότερο αναπτυγμένων χωρών – μελών. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the Η παρέκκλιση και από την δημοσιονομική λιτότητα στις ΗΠΑ και στην among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Ευρώπη πέραν της νομισματικής αρχικά λόγω της πανδημίας, acquisition of knowledge starts withορθοδοξίας, theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term φαίνεται να παίρνει τη μορφή μιας ενεργού δημόσιας παρεμβατικής 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and πολιτικής στηρίζει την ανάπτυξη, όπως αμέσως τον Β’ gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (in the areathis, ofμετά Planning) (or Sociology asπου well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, theέγινε removal from (in various Παγκόσμιο Πόλεμο με βάση την κεϋνσιανή αντίληψη για την οικονομική Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, πολιτική. βρισκόμαστε, αλλαγή παραδείγματος; Aπο τα ways), of Μήπως social groups, usually ofμπροστά low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.σε However “change”,there regardless of «οικονομικά της προσφοράς» στα «οικονομικά της ζήτησης», εφόσον τοof the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the κράτος με την τεράστια δημοσιονομική τουalso δαπάνη ζήτηση whatever other consequences has, results rising δημιουργεί of land prices (and σε the potential relative speculation). συνθήκες ύφεσης; Αν συνεκτιμήσουμε και την απόφαση του Προέδρου potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Μπάϊντεν γιαgentrification αύξηση τηςof φορολογίας γιαin τιςthe και τα The term iswealthy found atpeople first UK in earlyεπιχειρήσεις 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend toκερδοφόρες buy property in poor ofto the then observed trend of wealthy people to στον buy property inτης poor areas πολύ υψηλά εισοδήματα, ναsometimes είμαστε αντίποδα πολιτικής London, upgrade them, stayφαίνεται themselves there and thus old residents areof London, them, themselvesτων sometimes there and thus old residents are Τραμπ γιαupgrade τη μείωση τηςstay φορολογίας επιχειρήσεων. being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. Προφανώς, είναι πολύ νωρίς να εκτιμηθεί αποτελεσματικότητα των A description of this phenomenon is included in ηthe work of Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth παραπάνω δημόσιων παρεμβάσεων στο πεδίο της οικονομικής ανάπτυξης. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Υπάρχουν εκτιμήσεις ότι ηbyμαζική κρατική παρέμβαση και τα δημοσιονομικά cities in Western countries, other Researchers. cities in Western countries, byπαρά otherτις Researchers. ελλείμματα πουthe δημιουργεί, συνθήκες ύφεσης και αποπληθωρισμού, Since then, issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more μπορεί να έχουνapproach πληθωριστικό αποτέλεσμα. Επιπλέον έχουν συσσωρευθεί comprehensive are being summarized below, from the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various αποταμιεύσεις of πολλών δις στις αναπτυγμένες χώρες, της αναγκαστικής interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, the λόγω following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, phenomenon is κυρίως. dueof togentrification, a trend a new of social εποχής από the τηνof κατανάλωση Αυτέςofοι αποταμιεύσεις μαζί groups με τις to “return”μεγάλες to the city, leavingενδεχομένως the purlieus for reasons:μεγάλη high costs in money δημόσιες δαπάνες να several προκαλέσουν αύξηση της and time to travel fromαλυσίδες the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the ζήτησης, όταν πολλές προσφοράς δεν μπορούν, έστω προσωρινά, να 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better ανταποκριθούν, με αποτέλεσμα να Ruth ενταθεί το πληθωριστικό κύμα. Μια τέτοια Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly)for εξέλιξη μπορεί να education, ανακόψει νομισματική πολιτική των movements Κεντρικών Youth Unemployment. The sameτην yearχαλαρή she left Germany and after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and και research in Geneva, London New York came back to London, Τραπεζών συνεπώς να Prague, αυξηθούν τα and επιτόκια μεshe άμεσο αποτέλεσμα την in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher in the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and ανακοπή των επιθυμητών ρυθμών ανάπτυξης. Επειδή δεν υπάρχει προφανώς University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying καμιά βεβαιότητα γιαbyτα θετικά ή αρνητικά της her work are characterized a passion for justice. See also: αποτελέσματα COLLINS ENGLISHαυτής DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web,σε in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd.πολιτικής, London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: διαφαινόμενης νέαςetc., οικονομικής ας περιοριστούμε μόνο Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aδιαπιστώσεις variety of ways, inερωτήματα order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually και σε

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"Culture GENTRIFICATION Definition, TypesMatters" of Intervention, για την τουριστική ανάπτυξη Definition, Types of intervention, of και Concerns την αξιοποίηση του Gentrification πολιτιστικού αποθέματος Concerns Tου Καθηγητού Ιωσήφ ΠΑΠΑΔΑΤΟΥ

Αναπλ. Πρύταν. Ιονίου Πανεπιστημίου

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School για of Design, Student, “Culture Matters” … Ο πολιτισμός «μετράει»: Μετράει την κοινωνική By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect και οικονομική ανάπτυξη και τη βιωσιμότητα, τον διάλογο και την κατανόηση Student of the School of Architecture των πολιτιστικών αξιών που μπορούν να μετουσιωθούν ως σημαντικές Technical University of Crete

δυναμικές της ανάπτυξης. Ο πολιτισμός είναι το πρίσμα μέσα από το οποίο κατανοούμε τον approach: κόσμο καιDefining το «εργαλείο» με το οποίο διαμορφώνουμε 1. Introductory the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept βιώσιμες κοινωνίες και οικονομίες, όπως ανέφερε ο κάτοχος ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370του BC,βραβείου Athens), Νόμπελ φιλόσοφος και οικονομολόγος Amartya Sen. Είναι η διαδρομή κατά ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the την οποία «συνδιαλεγόμαστε» με άλλους ανθρώπους, βιώνοντας ένα μεγάλο among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the εύρος εννοιών και εμπειριών. Είναι κάτι από τα μνημεία, acquisition of knowledge starts with the the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition aπολύ first, περισσότερο if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and Based, therefore, on this inindicated a first,αυτό if (in notπου final, approach, the term τις τέχνες και τα urban βιβλία. O“principle” πολιτισμόςis είναι είμαστε. Είναι μια gentrification) the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification ανεξάντλητη πηγή και area, φαντασίας, μια πηγή που (in ανήκει σε Sociology as well), asδημιουργικότητας the “refining” of a city the removal from this, various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various μια εποχή αλλαγών και μια δύναμη για την καινοτομία στην σύγχρονη εποχή ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually low-income and thethis placement of artists, των έντονων μεταβολών καιrestaurants, τηςofεξέλιξης. the operation of art galleries, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, rising of land prices (and theof Καμία κοινωνία δεν μπορεί ναresults ανθίσειalso χωρίς τον πολιτισμό. whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Η τουριστική ανάπτυξη δεν μπορεί να είναι ουσιαστική και βιώσιμη potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to χωρίς αυτόν. The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Ο πολιτισμός κάνει διαφορά μεταξύ της ύπαρξης και old της διαβίωσης. the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stayτη themselves and thus residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there και and thus residents are Διαμορφώνει την αίσθηση του εαυτού μας αλλά του old χώρου όπου being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. διαβιώνουμε. Προσδίδει σε μια κοινότητα -μια οικογένεια, ένα χωριό, μια A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth description ofperiod, this is situations included the recorded work Sociologist Ruth πόληA ή τηνphenomenon αίσθηση της συνοχήςinwere και της of ταυτότητας, της GLASS atένα the έθνοςsame while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major υπερηφάνειας της αξιοπρέπειας, μια συλλογική αντίληψη και κοινή cities in Western και countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. εμπειρία που αποτελεί θεμέλιο της ιδιότητας πολίτη. από τη Since then, the issueτο has preoccupied several του scholars andΜέσα for its more Since την then,παιδεία the issue several below, scholars andthe for πλαίσιο its more γλώσσα, καιhas τιςpreoccupied τέχνες, ο πολιτισμός παρέχει το comprehensive approach are being summarized from various comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various λειτουργίας του ατόμου-πολίτη. είναι εκπληκτικά ανθεκτικός και interpretations of the phenomenon of Και gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: «επιδραστικός». Οthe πολιτισμός κοινωνικής και In a sense, theof phenomenon isείναι dueof toμοχλός a trendκαι of aπαράγοντας new of social groups to “return” toανάπτυξης. the city, leaving purlieus several high costs in money οικονομικής Είναιthe επίσης έναfor κανάλι γιαreasons: τη δημιουργία ευκαιριών and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and  University College ofθα London, where she continued her social research. Her public and Πρωτίστως ήθελα να ευχαριστήσω την Επίκουρη Καθηγήτρια κ. ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying herτον work are characterized byκ.a Κωνστ. passionΓΕ. for justice. See also: COLLINS DICTIONARY. και Ομότιμο Καθηγητή ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟ γιαpart τηνENGLISH πρόσκλησή τους and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of of the urban web,να in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: συμμετάσχω στην εν εξελίξει Επιστημονική Ημερίδα και την ευκαιρία να εκφράσω εδώ G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually μερικές σκέψεις μου (Αθήναι, Ιαν. 2020).

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns ανάπτυξης τουριστικών προορισμών και νέων μορφών τουριστικού

προϊόντος, επί παραδείγματι του «πολιτιστικού τουρισμού». Οι τέχνες και ο πολιτισμός διαμορφώνουν τις δημιουργικές βιομηχανίες. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Αυτές υποστηρίζουν τηνHarvard οικονομική ανάπτυξη με την παροχή νέων θέσεων University, Graduate School of Design, Student, εργασίας, φέρνοντας τη ζωή στους By δρόμους μας, τις επιχειρήσεις στις πόλεις Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect μας και την οικονομική ευρωστία στιςStudent χώρεςof μας. Οι δημιουργικές the School of Architecture Technical Universityκαι of Crete βιομηχανίες ενισχύουν το εμπόριο και τις επιχειρήσεις, την πολιτική τη διπλωματία, παρέχοντας επίσης μια δίοδο για την αντιμετώπιση δύσκολων 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept και διαμορφώνοντας μια ζητημάτων με την οικοδόμηση εμπιστοσύνης 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, ευρύτερη μορφή ανθρώπινων σχέσεων και κατανόησης. Οι δημιουργικές ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 και BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, στο he established a great the βιομηχανίες συμμετέχουν έντονα τουριστικό προϊόν τελικά among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. διαμορφώνουν τον «δημιουργικό τουρισμό». Ο δημιουργικός τουρισμός είναι acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term ένα νέο είδος1 τουρισμού, όπου εμπλέκονται οι ίδιοι οι τουρίστες αλλά και οι Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification ντόπιοι στη (and του τουριστικού προϊόντος (συν-δημιουργία). 1δημιουργία gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various Προσφέρει επί της as ουσίας στους επισκέπτες την ευκαιρία να αναπτύξουν τη Sociology as well), the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andσυμμετοχής the placement of artists, δημιουργική τους δυναμική μέσω της ενεργούς σε there μαθήματα και ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of βιωματικές εμπειρίες, οι οποίες είναι χαρακτηριστικές του εκάστοτε the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof προορισμού διακοπών. Συνεπώς, τέχνεςalso καιrising ο πολιτισμός μπορούν whatever other consequences has,οιresults of land prices (andνα the potential relative speculation). διαμορφώσουν ένα ισχυρό μέσο προσέλκυσης επισκεπτών, αξιοποιώντας τη potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to δημιουργικότητα και προβάλλοντας την παράδοση μέσω δημιουργικών The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor δραστηριοτήτων και εμπειριών για τους επισκέπτες. the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stayπολιτισμό themselves sometimes and thus are Οι πολιτικές για τον οφείλουν ναthere συνδεθούν μεold τιςresidents πολιτικές being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. για τον τουρισμό. Η σύνδεση αυτή έχει επιστημονικό ενδιαφέρον αλλά και A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, thisεπενδύσεων phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth σημασία και συζητήσεων για τη δυναμική της GLASS atσε the επίπεδο same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major ανάπτυξης και στους δύοbyοικονομικούς τομείς δηλ. και στον πολιτισμό και cities in Western countries, other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. στον τουρισμό. Υπό αυτή has την έννοια, οι σημαντικές στην και Since then, the issue several επενδύσεις scholars and forτέχνη its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied severalσε scholars and for various its more τον πολιτισμό επιδρούν στην οικονομική ανάπτυξη τοπικό, περιφερειακό ή comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: ευρύτερο επίπεδο, δημιουργώντας νέες ποιοτικές θέσεις εργασίας, interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof toκαι a trend of a new of social groups καλλιεργώντας νέες δεξιότητες ικανότητες που αυξάνουν την to “return” to the the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money εμπιστοσύνη καιcity, τηνleaving αυτοεκτίμηση, ενισχύοντας ταυτόχρονα την ποιότητα and travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the ζωήςtime τουto ατόμου. The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.of safety the οdistributed residencies outside town centres, τέχνες κατέχουν και κάποια χρόνια καίριο ρόλο Berlin,Οι where sheκαι made πολιτισμός her first studies. In 1932 εδώ she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “atπροκλήσεων the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) συμβάλλοντας στην αντιμετώπιση δύσκολων σε τοπικό επίπεδοfor Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous lower cost of, “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car New York came to back toανάπτυξης. London, με τηνliving ενίσχυση του δημιουργικού δυναμικού και τηνshe τόνωση της in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Ειδικότερα, τα τελευταία 30 χρόνια, έχει σημειωθεί σημαντική επιτυχία σε University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also:της COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. επενδύσεις στον πολιτισμό ως μέσο στήριξης βιώσιμης οικονομικής and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ανάπτυξης και αναγέννησης. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Στο Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο για παράδειγμα, το πολιτιστικό φεστιβάλ της Γλασκώβης που συνοδεύει τους Αγώνες της Κοινοπολιτείας από το 2014, καθώς και η επένδυση στο Λόντονντερι ως Πολιτιστική Πρωτεύουσα του Ηνωμένου Βασιλείου του 2013, επιτρέπουν στις πόλεις αυτές να χτίσουν ισχυρότερες και ευημερούσες κοινότητες. Στο Λίβερπουλ επίσης, μετά το πέρας της Πολιτιστικής Πρωτεύουσας της Ευρώπης το 2008, το 85% των κατοίκων της πόλης συμφωνεί ότι είναι ένα καλύτερο μέρος για να ζει By Mr.πλέον George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS κανείς. Αντιστοίχως η Βαρκελώνη, η οποία αντιμετώπιζε σοβαρά προβλήματα Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, αστικής αποσύνθεσης τόσο στις By κεντρικές όσο και στις περιφερειακές Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect περιοχές, χρησιμοποίησε τους Ολυμπιακούς Αγώνες 1992 ως μέσο Student of theτου School of Architecture Technical Crete ολιστικής μεταρρύθμισης. Ως αποτέλεσμα, η πόλη πλέον University αποτελείofέναν κορυφαίο πολιτιστικό τουριστικό προορισμό, αλλά, το σημαντικότερο, ο 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept της πολιτιστικής ανάπτυξης τουρισμός είναι πλέον ένα σημαντικό υποπροϊόν 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), the ancient GreekΦεστιβάλ philosopher, της.ANTISTHENIS, Στο ίδιο πλαίσιο, το Διεθνές του Εδιμβούργου, το οποίο ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC πιο -“principle”: 370επιτυχημένα BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the ιδρύθηκε το 1947, άνοιξε το δρόμο για μερικά από τα among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. φεστιβάλ στον κόσμο και έφερε τεράστια οικονομικά, κοινωνικά και acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term καλλιτεχνικά1οφέλη στην πόλη μέσω του πολιτιστικού τουρισμού. Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and Στο as σημείο αυτό θα αναφερθώ σε ένα σημαντικό ελληνικό gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in the areathis, ofπαράδειγμα. Planning) (or Sociology well), as the “refining” of a city the removal from (in various Σύμφωνα με πολύ πρόσφατα στοιχεία, η Εθνική Λυρική Σκηνή μετά την Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, μετεγκατάστασή της στο Κέντρο Ίδρυμα Στ. ΝΙΑΡΧΟΣ είχεofταartists, δύο ways), of social groups, usually ofΠολιτισμού low-income and thethis placement there the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of τελευταία έτη περισσότερους από τριάντα χιλιάδες επισκέπτες από τοof the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the εξωτερικό, που παρακολούθησαν τιςresults παραστάσεις του of λυρικού θεάτρου whatever other consequences has, also rising land prices (andκαι the potential relative speculation). άλλες εκδηλώσεις. Αριθμός που ξεπερνά κατά πολύ τις παλαιότερες ευχές και potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to προβλέψεις. The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy peopleμία to there buy in poor areas London, them, stay themselves sometimes and old residents areof Ο upgrade πολιτιστικός τουρισμός αποτελεί απόproperty τις thus ταχύτερα και πιο London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. δυναμικά αναπτυσσόμενες αγορές σε παγκόσμιο επίπεδο, ενώ το διεθνές being indirectly “squeezed”. A description this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth περιβάλλον μέσαof στο οποίο συντελείται η ανάπτυξη αυτή είναι ιδιαίτερα A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations recorded inΟικονομικής other major ανταγωνιστικό. Σχετική πρόσφατη έρευνα του Οργανισμού GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Συνεργασίας και Ανάπτυξης - ο Researchers. ΟΟΣΑ αναφέρει ότι, σε αρκετές μεγάλες cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more οικονομίες, η αξία την οποία παράγουν οι πολιτιστικές βιομηχανίες Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from ισοδυναμεί με ένα ποσοστό της τάξης του 3% έως 6% του Ακαθάριστου comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the τους. phenomenon of gentrification, the ηfollowing: Εθνικού Προϊόντος Με δεδομένο μάλιστα ότι συγκεκριμένη έρευνα interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense,σε theχώρες phenomenon dueof to trend ofΒρετανία a new of socialγίνεται groups αναφέρεται όπως οιisΗΠΑ, η aΜεγάλη και η Γαλλία, to “return” to leaving theτουρισμός purlieus for several reasons: costs in money προφανές ότιthe ο city, πολιτιστικός πρόκειται για μιαhigh βιομηχανία στην and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the οποία διακυβεύονται τεράστια συμφέροντα και διακινούνται υπέρογκα 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, χρηματικά ποσά. Επίσης, σύμφωνα με1932 στοιχεία του Παγκόσμιου Berlin, where she made her first studies. In she published an importantΟργανισμού study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Τουρισμού εκτιμάται αξία του στοmovements 40% τουfor Youth Unemployment. Theηsame year she πολιτιστικού left Germany andτουρισμού after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, συνόλου του τουριστικού προϊόντος. in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Μία informal ακόμαofέρευνα καταλήγει στο συμπέρασμα ότι περισσότερο από το University College London, where she continued her social research. Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work characterized by a passion for justice.στην See also: COLLINSέχει ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 50% τηςarereal τουριστικής δραστηριότητας Ευρώπη ως κινητήρια and selling estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: δύναμη την πολιτιστική κληρονομιά και ότι ο πολιτιστικός τουρισμός είναι η G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

συνιστώσα εκείνη του τουρισμού η οποία αναμένεται να έχει τη μεγαλύτερη ανάπτυξη. Ειδικότερα, η βιομηχανία του πολιτισμού και της δημιουργικότητας στην Ευρώπη αναδεικνύεται παγκόσμιος ηγέτης, κατέχοντας το 70% της παγκόσμιας αγοράς. Ο τομέας αυτός συνεισφέρει το 3% του ΑΕΠ της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης -μη συμπεριλαμβανόμενου του χρηματοπιστωτικού τομέα- και απασχολεί περισσότερους από 7 εκατομμύρια ανθρώπους. Επιπλέον, με βάση τα τελευταία στοιχεία του Παγκόσμιου By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Συμβουλίου Ταξιδίων και Τουρισμού, ο παγκόσμιος κλάδος ταξιδίων και Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, τουρισμού συνεισέφερε με 319 εκατ. θέσεις το 2018C.παγκοσμίως, έχοντας By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect δημιουργήσει 1 στις 5 νέες θέσεις συνολικά τα τελευταία χρόνια, ενώ οι Student of the School of Architecture προβλέψεις για τον ορίζοντα της επόμενης δεκαετίας κάνουν λόγο για Technical University of Crete επιπλέον 100 εκατ. νέες θέσεις εργασίας. 1. Introductory approach: Defining concept Για την Ελλάδα, προβλέπεται ότιthe μέσα στην επόμενη δεκαετία ο κλάδος 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept the ancientναGreek philosopher, (444 BC - 370από BC, Athens), τουANTISTHENIS, τουρισμού αναμένεται δημιουργήσει περισσότερες 300.000 ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the άμεσες και έμμεσες θέσεις εργασίας. Συνεπώς, αποτελεί πολιτική και among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. επιστημονική πρόκληση για τη χώρα μας η περαιτέρω αξιοποίηση της acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term σημαντικής δυναμικής του πολιτισμού αποθέματος ως μέσο τουριστικής 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area Planning) (or gentrification ανάπτυξης με την ενίσχυση της ομορφιάς των παραδόσεων, τηςofπροβολής της 1 (and urban gentrification) gentrification isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various ιστορίας, της καλλιτεχνικής έκφρασης και της δημιουργικότητας. Αυτά που Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, of low-income and the placement there of artists, μας χαρακτηρίζουν ως usually Έλληνες. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of Σε αυτή την κατεύθυνση, το Ιόνιο Πανεπιστήμιο την τελευταία διετία the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof προχώρησε στηνspeculation). ίδρυση και λειτουργία στη(and Σχολή whatever other consequences has, resultsΤμήματος also risingΤουρισμού of land prices the potential relative Οικονομικών Επιστημών με έδρα την Κέρκυρα. Το Τμήμα Τουρισμού, έχει ως potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to αποστολή την παροχή και in την στην The term gentrification found atpeople first the UK in earlyεπιστημόνων 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trendεκπαίδευσης ofiswealthy to κατάρτιση buy property in poor ofto the then observed trend wealthy people buy property in poor areas επιστήμη του them, Τουρισμού, εντόςsometimes ενός to there διεπιστημονικού πλαισίου, London, upgrade stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are συνδυάζοντας τις Κοινωνικές και Ανθρωπιστικές Επιστήμες όπως ενδεικτικά being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. τη Διοίκηση, την Οικονομία, την Ιστορία, τον Πολιτισμό και την Πληροφορική. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth Σύμφωνα με τις ανάγκες και τις ιδιαιτερότητες της εγχώριας GLASS at the same while similar inτουριστικής other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major αγοράς στο Τμήμα Τουρισμού του Researchers. Ιονίου Πανεπιστημίου: cities in Western countries, by other cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more 1. Παρέχονται θεμελιώδεις γνώσεις στρατηγικής, διοίκησης, οικονομίας, Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from και μάρκετινγκ, comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: 2. Πραγματοποιείται η χρήση σύγχρονων εργαλείων πληροφορικής, interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups όπως είναι οι εικονικοί κόσμοι, οι ψηφιακές πλατφόρμες, τα πληροφοριακά to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money συστήματα και η ανάλυση μεγάλου όγκου δεδομένων, και and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 3. Μελετάται και Sociologist προβάλλεται οoutside πολιτισμός ως βασικός μοχλός The termat comes from Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS for was born in sense1.of safety the distributed residencies town centres, search better Berlin, where ανάπτυξης. she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: τουριστικής services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.where Το όραμα του Τμήματος Τουρισμού του Ιονίου Πανεπιστημίου είναι να studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came to back to London, in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher in the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and γίνει κέντρο αναφοράς που εξελίσσει, συνθέτει και ολοκληρώνει τις University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying επιστήμες που εξετάζουν την forτουριστική ανάπτυξη με στόχο την her work are characterized by a passion justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in αποτελεσματική διοίκηση των σύγχρονων τουριστικών επιχειρήσεων και 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aοργανισμών. variety of ways, in order Abstract. toτου achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Η ALEXANDRI: εκπλήρωση οράματος θα πραγματοποιηθεί μέσω της

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

αριστείας στην εκπαίδευση και την έρευνα στους τομείς των επιστημονικών ενδιαφερόντων του προγράμματος σπουδών, μεταξύ των οποίων περιλαμβάνεται και τομέας του Πολιτισμού, σε τοπικό, περιφερειακό, εθνικό και διεθνές επίπεδο. Η φιλοσοφία του προγράμματος σπουδών εξετάζει τη φύση και τα χαρακτηριστικά της βιομηχανίας τουρισμού και του πολιτισμού και εξερευνά, πώς αυτή μπορεί να προωθηθεί, ναBy διοικηθεί και να μετασχηματιστεί με την Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS υποστήριξη σύγχρονων Harvard διοικητικών εργαλείων αλλά και των Τεχνολογιών University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Πληροφορικής και Επικοινωνιών. By ΤοMr. πρόγραμμα σπουδών του Τμήματος George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Τουρισμού ακολουθεί τα διεθνή πρότυπα και έχει αναπτύξει συνεργασίες με Student of the School of Architecture Technical Crete επιχειρήσεις που δραστηριοποιούνται στον τουριστικό κλάδο University καθώς καιofστον κλάδο του πολιτισμού. Το μεγαλύτερο μέρος των μαθημάτων είναι 1. Introductory theνα concept σχεδιασμένο, έτσιapproach: ώστε οιDefining φοιτητές μελετούν πραγματικές μελέτες 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greekσε philosopher, BC - 370 τουριστικών BC, Athens), περίπτωσης και ναthe δίνουν λύσεις υπαρκτά (444 προβλήματα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the επιχειρήσεων και οργανισμών. among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Η τουριστική και η starts πολιτιστική δεν αποτελούν έναν ενιαίο acquisition of knowledge with theβιομηχανία the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term παραγωγικό κλάδο αλλά μία μεγάλη γκάμα επιχειρήσεων και οργανισμών 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and που παρέχουν ποικιλία υπηρεσιών. βιομηχανία περιλαμβάνει gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a Η cityτουριστική the removal (in various την ανάπτυξη και την παραγωγή προϊόντων και υπηρεσιών για τους Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, καταναλωτές τουςusually ιδιωτικούς όσο καιandτους δημόσιους φορείς της ways), of social groups, of low-income thethis placement of artists, the operation ofτόσο art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of οικονομίας. Από την άλλη, η πολιτιστική βιομηχανία μπορεί να περιλαμβάνει the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof αμιγώς πολιτιστικά αγαθά, αλλά και αγαθά ταrising οποίαofείναι μιας whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also landπροϊόντα prices (and the potential relative ευρύτερης δημιουργικής διαδικασίας. Τα αγαθά αυτά σύμφωνα με τη χρήση ή potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to τον σκοπό παραγωγής τους ενσωματώνουν ή διαβιβάζουν πολιτιστικές The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy people buyμπορεί property in poor areas εκφράσεις, ανεξάρτητα απόof την εμπορική αξίαtoπου να έχουν. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Υπό αυτό το πρίσμα, οι μελλοντικοί απόφοιτοι του Τμήματος being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included theυπολοίπων work of Sociologist Ruth Τουρισμού του Ιονίου Πανεπιστημίου, πέραν in των ειδικεύσεων, this phenomenon isστον included inwere theτου workπολιτιστικού of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations recorded in other major είναιA description δυνατό ναofperiod, απασχοληθούν τομέα και GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by Researchers. δημιουργικού τουρισμού, καιother ειδικότερα, ως στελέχη κέντρων πληροφόρησης cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and forμουσείων, its more τουριστών, κέντρων μεθερμήνευσης της πολιτιστικής κληρονομιάς, Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from πινακοθηκών, εγκαταστάσεων πολιτισμού και αναψυχής, στους τομείς της comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, the following:προϊόντων ανάπτυξης, τουofσχεδιασμού, και της προώθησης τουριστικών και interpretations of the phenomenon of thecategory following: social groups In a sense, the phenomenon isοιdue togentrification, a trend of a new υπηρεσιών. Επιπροσθέτως, απόφοιτοι του Τμήματος of θα έχουν τη to “return” to the leaving the purlieusείτε for several high costs in money δυνατότητα να city, δραστηριοποιηθούν οι ίδιοιreasons: επιχειρηματικά είτε ως and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the στελέχη σε φορείς τεχνολογίας, δημιουργώντας ενισχυμένα τεχνολογικά 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies town centres, τουριστικά προϊόντα καιoutside υπηρεσίες, οποία εντάσσονται Berlin, whereκαι she πολιτιστικά made her first studies. In 1932 she published τα an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) στον της δημιουργικής οικονομίας. Youthκλάδο Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Η περαιτέρω ανάδειξη του πολιτισμού και ειδικότερα του πολιτιστικού in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and αποθέματος είναιof δυνατό ναorganized πραγματοποιηθεί σε συνεργασία Τμήματος University informal College London, where she continued her social research. brokers Herτου public and long-term effort by groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work areμε characterized by a passion forκαι justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Τουρισμού τους τοπικούς φορείς τις επιχειρήσεις, ενδεικτικά, μέσω: and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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προϊόντων στηριζόμενα στην ανάδειξη Introductoryτου approach: Defining the concept της1.ταυτότητας τόπου ως ένα είδος 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, πολιτιστικής κληρονομιάς για τον ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the τουρισμό. among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. 2. Τηςof διαμόρφωσης εναλλακτικών acquisition knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term πολιτιστικών τουριστικών διαδρομών 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification για τους ντόπιους και τους επισκέπτες οι indicated (in the area of Planning) (or 1 gentrification (and urban gentrification) Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal from this, (in various οποίες μπορεί να as αποτελέσουν κομβικό Sociology as well), the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement σημείο στην συγκρότηση των νέων ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of τουριστικών προϊόντων στο πλαίσιο του the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof πολιτιστικού τουρισμού. whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). Τηςgentrification ανάδειξης της χειροτεχνικής The3.term is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Theκαι term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto αλλά της καλλιτεχνικής μουσικής the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas παράδοσης του them, τόπου πολιτιστικό London, upgrade stayως themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are τουριστικό προϊόν μεstay έμφαση στους being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. εναλλακτικούς τουριστικής A description ofτρόπους this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major εμπειρίας. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in4.Western otherτοπικής Researchers. Της countries, ανάδειξηςbyτης cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more ταυτότητας με issue τη has δημιουργία Since then, the preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from επισκέψιμων χώρων για τηare δημιουργία comprehensive approach being summarized below, from the various interpretations ofεργαστηρίων the phenomenonμε of gentrification, the following: βιωματικών τη interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups συμμετοχή των επισκεπτών. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Κλείνοντας ήθελα να επαναλάβω and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the τον τίτλο της σημερινής ομιλίας: 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: "Culture Matters", πολιτισμός “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) services of health, education,Οentertainment Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where μετράει για την τουριστική ανάπτυξη καιand car studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943αξιοποίηση she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another the is due a systematic and την τουapproach, πολιτιστικού University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying αποθέματος. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Ευχαριστώ γιαetc., τηνfor πρόσκληση και 2009. Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aτην variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually προσοχή σας!

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TO ΩΔΕΙΟ ΑΘΗΝΩΝ ΣΤΗ ΝΕΑ ΕΠΟΧΗ GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, ΕΝΑ ΣΧΟΛΙΟ ΜΕ ΤΗΝ ΕΥΚΑΙΡΙΑ 150 ΧΡΟΝΩΝ ΑΠΟ ΤΗΝ ΙΔΡΥΣΗ ΤΟΥ Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification ΜΟΥΣΙΚΟΥ ΚΑΙ ΔΡΑΜΑΤΙΚΟΥ ΣΥΛΛΟΓΟΥ (1871 – 2021) Concerns

Του κ. Νίκου Β. ΤΣΟΥΧΛΟΥ Αρχιμουσικού By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Αναπληρωτή Καθηγητή ΤΜΣ του Ιονίου Πανεπιστημίου Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Προέδρου Δ.Σ. του Μουσικού και Δραματικού Συλλόγου «Ωδείον ΑθηνώνArchitect – 1871» By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Εισαγωγικά Το Ωδείο Αθηνών, αρχαιότερο μουσικοθεατρικό εκπαιδευτικό 1. Introductory approach:το Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept ίδρυμα της νεότερης λειτουργεί υπό τη (444 σκέπη και ANTISTHENIS, theΕλλάδας, ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BCτου - 370Μουσικού BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), Δραματικού «Ωδείον (ΜΔΣΩΑ),a ενός among other Συλλόγου wise heritage he leftΑθηνών» us, he established great Σωματείου “principle”:που the among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a great the acquisition of knowledge with of the content of“principle”: concepts. που ιδρύθηκε τον Ιούνιο τουstarts 1871. Στο πρώτο καταστατικό του Σωματείου, acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term συνυπογραφόταν από εξέχουσες προσωπικότητες της εποχής μεταξύ των 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification οποίων ο Χαρίλαος οριζότανis οindicated αμιγώς (in κοινωφελής 1 (and Τρικούπης, gentrification urban gentrification) thefrom areathis, ofχαρακτήρας Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal (in various του, ο οποίος διατηρείται αναλλοίωτος μέχρι σήμερα. Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, Στον σχεδόν ενάμιση αιώνα λειτουργίας του, το Ωδείο Αθηνών the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences results also of land (and theof διακρίθηκεother για το επίπεδο, τηνhas, εγκυρότητα καιrising το εύρος του prices εκπαιδευτικού whatever other consequences has, results also rising land prices (and the potential relative speculation). του έργου και για τη σημαντικότατη προσφορά του ofστη μουσική και τη potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found first inτης the UK in early‘κλασικής’ 1960s and itμουσικής refers to θεατρική παιδεία του τόπου. Στονatat τομέα λεγόμενης The term gentrification found first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy people to buy property in poor εδώ σπούδασαν ή trend δίδαξαν μουσικέςsometimes προσωπικότητες διεθνούς εμβέλειας the then observed wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof όπως ο Σπύρος Σαμάρας, Δημήτρης sometimes Μητρόπουλος, Νίκος Σκαλκώτας, η London, upgrade them, stayοthemselves there οand thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. Μαρία Κάλλας, η Τζίνα Μπαχάουερ, η Αλεξάνδρα Τριάντη, ο Μίκης A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the οsame while similar situations recorded in other major Θεοδωράκης, Δημήτρης Σγούρος καιisπολλοί άλλοι, ενώ η σημερινή Κρατική GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Ορχήστρα Αθηνών αποτελεί ιστορική μετεξέλιξη (1943) της Συμφωνικής cities in Western countries, byτην other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Ορχήστρας του Ωδείου Αθηνών. Σημαντική several υπήρξε scholars η ιστορική συμβολή του Since then, the issue has and for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the Ωδείου Αθηνών και στη διδασκαλία και καλλιέργεια της Βυζαντινής μουσικής: comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: the phenomenon thecategory following: ηinterpretations ιστορική Σχολή Βυζαντινής Εκκλησιαστικής Μουσικής ιδρύθηκε το 1904 ως In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city,του leaving purlieus for reasons: high costsΝάζου in money κοινή πρωτοβουλία τότεthe Διευθυντή τουseveral Ωδείου, του Γεωργίου και and to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where του workΠατριάρχη place is, lack of the του time Μητροπολίτη Αθηνών Θεόκλητου, με τις ευλογίες Ιωακείμ 1. The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the residencies outside town centres, Γ’Berlin, καιofδιευθυντή τονdistributed σπουδαίο Κωνσταντίνο Στον τουstudy θεάτρου, where she made her first studies. In 1932 sheΨάχο. published an τομέα important entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. Theτου same year she left Germany and after δραματική continuous movements στη Δραματική Σχολή Ωδείου Αθηνών, την πρώτη σχολή της lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came to back to London, χώρας, ήstudies δίδαξαν κατάthe καιρούς επιφανείς θεατράνθρωποι, όπως in According 1943σπούδασαν she published regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, is due a systematic and College of London, where she continued social research. Her public and οUniversity Αιμίλιοςinformal Βεάκης, ο Δημήτρης Ροντήρης, ο her Κώστας Μουσούρης, ο Δημήτρης long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in Μυράτ κ.ά. 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

2. Ιστορία και ιστορικό αρχείο του Ωδείου Αθηνών Κάποια σημαντικά εκδεδομένα ιστορικά κείμενα τεκμηριώνουν σημαντικές στιγμές της παλαιότερης και νεότερης ιστορίας του Ωδείου Αθηνών, όπως για παράδειγμα το θαυμάσιο βιβλίο με τίτλο Ο Γεώργιος Νάζος και το Ωδείο Αθηνών, που εκδίδεται το 1938 με την υπογραφή του Γεωργίου Δροσίνη, ή ο πανηγυρικός τόμος που εκδίδεται από το Μουσικό και By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Δραματικό Σύλλογο το 1971 με την ευκαιρία του εορτασμού 100 χρόνων Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, λειτουργίας του. Εντούτοις, μια ολοκληρωμένη αφήγηση της ιστορίας ενός By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect φορέα που για δεκαετίες ταυτίστηκε όχι μόνο με τη μουσική θεατρική Student of the Schoolκαι of Architecture University ofμένει Crete εκπαίδευση αλλά και με την εν γένει πολιτιστική ζωήTechnical της πρωτεύουσας, ακόμα να γραφτεί.approach: Σπάνια πρώτη ύληthe για μια τέτοια αφήγηση προσφέρει η 1. Introductory Defining concept 1. Introductory Defining the concept (444 BC γραπτή αποτύπωσηapproach: των πολυσχιδών δραστηριοτήτων του- 370 Ωδείου ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC, Αθηνών, Athens), πολυτιμότατη (και, για μερικές περιόδους, μοναδική σχεδόν) πηγή ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the among other wise heritage left us, he established a greatof“principle”: the πληροφοριών για την ιστορία της μουσικής και θεατρικής κίνησης acquisition of knowledge startshe with the definition of the content concepts.στην acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term ελληνική πρωτεύουσα, που φυλάσσεται στο ιστορικό Αρχείο του Ωδείου 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification Αθηνών, από (and πλευρές το πλουσιότερο και σημαντικότερο μουσικό 1πολλές gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various αρχείο στηas χώρα μας. Εσωτερικά έγγραφα, όπως χειρόγραφα πρακτικά Sociology well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, συνεδριάσεων Δ.Σ. από το 1871 έωςetc. σήμερα, έγγραφα σχετικά με ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andποικίλα thethis placement there of artists, the operation ofτου art galleries, restaurants, However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless την λειτουργία του Ωδείου, ετήσια έντυπα Λεπτομερείς whatever other consequences has, results alsoΠεπραγμένα rising of landκαι prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results alsoκαι rising of land prices (and the potential relative Εκθέσεις, μαθητολόγια, βαθμολόγια, πρακτικά γραπτά εξετάσεων κ.λπ. potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found atγια first την in theεκπαίδευση UK in early 1960s and it refers to προσφέρουν πολύτιμα στοιχεία και σταδιοδρομία The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor σημαντικών Ελλήνων μουσικών όπως ο Σπύρος Σαμάρας,in οpoor Δημήτρης the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof Μητρόπουλος, ο Νίκος Σκαλκώτας και η Μαριάννα (που London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes thereΚαλογεροπούλου and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. αργότερα έγινε διεθνώς γνωστή ως Μαρία Κάλλας). Διάφορα εισερχόμενα και A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, thisαλληλογραφίας phenomenon is situations included inwere theπρόσβαση work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at theέγγραφα same while similar recorded in στη otherσκέψη major εξερχόμενα προσφέρουν GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by otherόπως Researchers. σημαντικών προσωπικοτήτων ο Αλέξανδρος Ρίζος Ραγκαβής, ο cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for more Δημήτριος Βικέλας, ο Γεώργιος Βιζυηνός, ο Άγγελος Βλάχος, ο its Κωστής Since then, the issue has several scholars andthe for its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from various Παλαμάς, ο Γεώργιος Δροσίνης, Νίκος Καζαντζάκης, ο Ελευθέριος Βενιζέλος comprehensive approach areοbeing summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations of the Μέσα phenomenon of thecategory following: και άλλοι. στη αλληλογραφία ή τα In πολλοί a sense, the phenomenon is dueσωζόμενη togentrification, a trend ofδιεθνή a new of social groups προγράμματα συναυλιών συναντούμε ονόματα όπως εκείνα των Ambroise to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time toAlphonse travel from the purlieusLouis-Albert to downtown,Bourgault-Ducoudray, where work place is, lackAugust of the Thomas, Danhauser, 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Gevaërt, Camille Saint-Saëns, Sergei Rachmaninov, Carl Nielsen, Armand Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany after continuous Marsick, Ludwig Wassenhoven, Felix Petyrek,and Filhelm Furtwängler, Felixfor lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, Weingartner, Paul Wittgenstein, José Iturbi, Egon Arthur Schnabel, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the isPetri, due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social Her public and Alfred Cortot, Alfredo Gabriel Pierné, Elviraresearch. de Hidalgo, Woldemar long-term informal effortCasella, by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate,Godowsky, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in Fremann, Leopold César Thomson, Arthur Rubinstein, Borislav 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. wetzel/gentry.htm aHuberman, variety of Wilhelm ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, (actually Kempff, Lottehttp://www.uncanny.net/ Lehmann, Bruno “voluntary”, Walter, Samuel Baud-

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Bovy, Herbert von Karajan, Richard Strauss, κ.ά. Σημαντικά όσο και σπάνια βιβλία φυλάσσονται επίσης εδώ, όπως το πρώτο βιβλίο μουσικής θεωρίας γραμμένο στα ελληνικά, η Συνοπτική Γραμματική, είτε Στοιχειώδεις Αρχαί της Μουσικής του Νικολάου Φλογαΐτη (1830), ή το περίφημο Rapporto (1851) του Νικολάου Χαλικιόπουλου Μάντζαρου, αλλά και το πρώτο δοκίμιο υποκριτικής γραμμένο στα ελληνικά το Δοκίμιον Υποκριτικής του Ηλία By Mr.εδώ George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Ωρολογά Δασσαρήτη (1883). Επίσης βρίσκονται συλλογή σπάνιων Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, μουσικών και θεατρικών ελληνόγλωσσων περιοδικών (όπως, το ομώνυμο By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Ωδείον του 1904 και η Ελληνική Σκηνή του 1904-5), μεγάλη συλλογή Student αλλά of theκαι School of Architecture Technical University of Crete ξενόγλωσσων περιοδικών και βιβλίων για τη μουσική, το θέατρο, τις τέχνες, την1. ιστορία, τη λογοτεχνία. Αυτά και Introductory approach: Defining the πολλά conceptάλλα συμπληρώνονται από 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ηχητικά αρχεία, σπάνιες φωτογραφίες, έντυπες(444 αλλά ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -και 370 χειρόγραφες BC, Athens), παρτιτούρες Ελλήνων και ξένων συνθετών και προσωπικά αρχεία ή ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a great “principle”: the κατάλοιπα προσωπικοτήτων που of πέρασαν ως of μαθητές acquisition ofδιαφόρων knowledge startshe with the content concepts.ή ως acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term καθηγητές από το Ωδείο όπως, του Γεωργίου Νάζου, του Μανώλη Καλομοίρη, 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) of Planning) (or gentrification του Γεωργίου (and του Δημήτρη Μητρόπουλου, του area Γεωργίου Λυκούδη, 1Σκλάβου, gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various του Γεράσιμου Κουντούρη, της Τζίνας Μπαχάουερ, της (inΑύρας Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Θεοδωροπούλου, Κωνσταντίνου Κυδωνιάτη, Το“change”, Αρχείοthere αυτό, που ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andκ.ά. thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless συνεργάζεται συστεγάζει επίσης και άλλα αρχεία,ofόπως λ.χ. εκείνο whatever otherκαι consequences has, results also rising land prices (and του theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences resultsή also of landΧουρμουζίου prices (and the potential relative Κέντρου Σύγχρονης Μουσικής has, Έρευνας του rising Ιδρύματος – potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Παπαϊωάννου, ενώ εμπλουτίζεται συνεχώς με νέες δωρεές πολύτιμου υλικού, The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor αποτέλεσε τη βάσηtrend για τηνwealthy ίδρυσηpeople το 2014, πάντοτε στοin πλαίσιο τουof the then observed to there buy property poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are Μουσικού και Δραματικού Συλλόγου, του Κέντρου Έρευνας και Τεκμηρίωσης London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. του Αθηνών, που σήμερα ασχολείται ενεργά τη μελέτη, ταξινόμηση AΩδείου description of this phenomenon is included in theμεwork of Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations wereτου, recorded in καθίσταται other major και εμπλουτισμό του, καθώς και με την ψηφιοποίησή η οποία GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. δυνατή χάρη σε μια πρόσφατη ειδική χρηματοδότηση της Περιφέρειας cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Αττικής. Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations theεκπαιδευτικής phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: Οι όροι της του Ωδείουof Αθηνών In a3.sense, theof phenomenon is dueof toλειτουργίας a trend of a new social groups Σήμερα, την εκπαιδευτική λειτουργία του Ωδείου Αθηνών ρυθμίζει μια to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to διασύνδεση travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lackμε of the ιδιαίτερη του Μουσικού και Δραματικού Συλλόγου το 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Ελληνικό Δημόσιο. Η διασύνδεση αυτή ορίζεται από μια σύμβαση μεταξύ Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left κυρώθηκε Germany and after continuous Συλλόγου και Ελληνικού Δημοσίου που δια νόμου το 1980 και πουfor lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, υπεγράφη, αναφέρεται στο προοίμιό της, «(...) τωtobecame πλαισίω της από in According 1943 she όπως published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 she teacher in the to another approach, the isεν due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public and εκατόν οκτώ (108) ήδη by ετών αδιακόπτου προσπαθείας τουbrokers [ΜΔΣΩΑ] προς long-term informal effort organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of εν partΕλλάδι, of the urban web, in παροχήν υψηλής στάθμης μουσικής εκπαιδεύσεως έτι δε και 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aπροαγωγής variety of της ways, in orderαισθητικής to achieve “voluntary”, (actually καθόλου ενthe τη“assisted”, χώρα παιδείας, εις τον τομέα της

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

μουσικής και δραματικής τέχνης και εν τη επιθυμία εξασφαλίσεως των προς πραγμάτωσιν των σκοπών τούτων μέσων και ιδία της οικονομικής ενισχύσεως του Δημοσίου, καθισταμένης όλως αναγκαίας προς συνέχισιν της λειτουργίας του». Έκτοτε, οι Σχολές του ΜΔΣΩΑ, δηλαδή α) οι Μουσικές Σχολές που συναπαρτίζουν το Ωδείο Αθηνών, β) η Δραματική Σχολή του ΩΑ καθώς και γ) Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS οι νεοϊδρυθείσες Ερασιτεχνική καιByΕπαγγελματική Σχολή Χορού του ΩΑ, Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, λειτουργούν υπό την εποπτεία του Υπουργείου Πολιτισμού, το οποίο στηρίζει By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect οικονομικά τη λειτουργία τους. Η στήριξη αυτή, σε συνδυασμό έσοδα Student of the Schoolμεofίδια Architecture University of Crete από κληροδοτήματα, χορηγίες και δωρεές, δίνει Technical στις Σχολές του Ωδείου Αθηνών τη δυνατότητα λειτουργούν με χαμηλότερα του συνήθους 1. Introductory approach:ναDefining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept δίδακτρα, να μην καταφεύγουν σε (κατά τα άλλα(444 δυστυχώς ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BC - 370συνηθισμένες BC, Athens), στην ωδειακή αγορά) αδιαφανείς χρεώσεις, να ασφαλίζουν το ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370κανονικά BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the διδακτικό διοικητικό προσωπικό τους, ofνα συντηρούν ένα ευρύ acquisition ofκαι knowledge startshe with the content concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term πρόγραμμα υποτροφιών για διάφορες κατηγορίες σπουδαστών με κοινωνικά 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the term area of Planning) gentrification και οικονομικά κριτήριαgentrification) κ.λπ. Σημειώνεται ότι, με the σημερινά δεδομένα,(or η 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various κρατική χρηματοδότηση επιδοτεί of έτσι κατά μέσοremoval όρο περίπου το (in 1/3various του Sociology as well), as the “refining” a city area, fromthere this, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe the placement of artists, πραγματικού ανά σπουδαστή (ποσοστό όχι παράλογο, αν ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of κόστους art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless αναλογιστεί κανείς ότι η πλειονότητα των μαθημάτων στις Μουσικές Σχολές, whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of landστη prices (and the potential relative speculation). που αφορά περίπου 500 σπουδαστές, παρέχεται εξ ορισμού βάση μιας potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found–atμαθητή first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to αριθμητικής σχέσης διδάσκοντα 1/1). Ταυτόχρονα, η ρύθμιση αυτή The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor επιτρέπει στο Μουσικό και Δραματικό Σύλλογο να συντηρεί στοιχειωδώς το the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof εμβληματικό, φιλόδοξο αλλά εξόχως προβληματικό κτίριο στο οποίο London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. στεγάζονται οι σχολές A description of thisτου. phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in countries, byΩδείου other Researchers. 4.Western Το νέο κτίριο του Αθηνών cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and forτων its more Το εμβληματικό κτίριο του Ωδείου Αθηνών στη συμβολή Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various itsοδών more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from Ρηγίλλης και Βασιλέως Γεωργίου Β’ στο κέντρο της Αθήνας, συνολικού comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: εμβαδού περίπου 13.500 τμ,isμνημειώδες του αείμνηστου καθηγητή In a sense, theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trendέργο of a new of social groups αρχιτεκτονικής Ιωάννη Δεσποτόπουλου και μοναδικό δείγμα του ελληνικού to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travelμοντερνισμού, from the purlieus to downtown, where placeτου is, lack of the αρχιτεκτονικού σχεδιάστηκε κατά τη work δεκαετία 1950 ως 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, μέρος του τότε φιλόδοξου σχεδίου περί δημιουργίας Πολιτιστικού Κέντρου Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The sameπερί year she Germany after continuous Αθηνών, διεθνή διαγωνισμό τουleft οποίου είχεand κερδίσει την εποχή εκείνη οfor lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, σπουδαίος Έλληνας αρχιτέκτων. Το κτίριο, «νέα διώροφος οικοδομή in According 1943 she αυτός published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 she teacher in the to another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and University College(Μουσικής of London, where she continued her social μουσική research. brokers Her public and Ωδείου Αθηνών Ακαδημίας) δι΄ ανωτάτη μόρφωση» όπως long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web,να in γράφει ηAND αρχική άδεια, ξεκίνησε τελικά 10th edit.χαρακτηριστικά Wil. SONS Co Ltd. οικοδομική London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aχτίζεται varietyστα of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually τέλη της δεκαετίας του 1960, χρηματοδοτούμενο αφενός μεν

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

από ίδια κεφάλαια, αφετέρου δε από το Κράτος. Το έργο συνεχίστηκε με έντονους ρυθμούς μετά τη Μεταπολίτευση, ενώ οι εργασίες διακόπηκαν απότομα το 1976, χρονιά κατά την οποία το Ωδείο Αθηνών μετεγκαταστάθηκε από το παλιό του ιστορικό κτίριο της οδού Πειραιώς στον πρώτο όροφο του νέου του ακόμα ημιτελούς κτιρίου. Έκτοτε, το φιλόδοξο αρχιτεκτόνημα του Δεσποτόπουλου, που θα είχε να προσφέρει πολλά στην By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS υπόθεση όχι μόνο της εν στενή εννοία καλλιτεχνικής εκπαίδευσης αλλά και Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, γενικότερα της νεανικής δημιουργικότητας, παρέμεινε ημιτελές, σεArchitect μεγάλο By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS μέρος ανεκμετάλλευτο, ασυντήρητο και εξόχως προβληματικό. Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete Στην εκκρεμότητα αυτή επεδίωξε ανεπιτυχώς να δώσει λύση μια σύμβαση του 1979 μεταξύ Ελληνικού Δημοσίου και Μουσικού και 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining theέθετε concept Δραματικού Συλλόγου. Η σύμβαση αυτή τους όρους ανταλλαγής ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - μιας 370 BC, Athens), μεταξύ των μερών, ως εξής: ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the among wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a great the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content of“principle”: concepts. - οother μεν ΜΔΣΩΑ υποσχόταν να προβεί στη δωρεά προς το Ελληνικό acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term Δημόσιο του παλαιού ιστορικού του κτιρίου επί των οδών Σοφοκλέους 60 – 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 70 και Πειραιώς 35, urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or 1 (and gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various -ofτοsocial δεwell), Δημόσιο υποσχόταν αντάλλαγμα την αποπεράτωση του Sociology as as the “refining” ofσε a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, κτιρίου της οδού Ρηγίλλης μέχρι το 1986 («… το Δημόσιον θέλει μεριμνήσει the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of theπραγματοποιήσει operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However “change”, regardless whatever other has, rising of land prices (and theof και δαπάναις τουresults εντός πέντε (5)this ετών από της νομίμου whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). τελειώσεως της παρούσης δωρεάς δια την αποπεράτωσιν του potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to μνημονευθέντος κτιρίου του Ωδείου Αθηνών (κατά την συμβολήν οδώνto The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s andτων itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor of Ρηγίλλης και Βασιλέως Γεωργίου αριθμός 17) to βάσει μελέτης the then observed trend of wealthy people buyτης property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there andυφισταμένης thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stayτου themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are δια την αρτίαν λειτουργίαν όλου συγκροτήματος και των εγκαταστάσεων being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. αυτού.») A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth AΜολονότι description this phenomenon isιστορικού included inwere the recorded work Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations in other major η of δωρεά του παλαιού κτιρίου τουofΩδείου Αθηνών GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by ολοκληρώθηκε other Researchers. προς το Ελληνικό Δημόσιο κανονικά, η περί αποπεράτωσης cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more του Since νέου κτιρίου υποχρέωση του Ελληνικού several Δημοσίου ποτέ μέχρι σήμερα δεν then, the issue has scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from υλοποιήθηκε (πιθανώς μεταξύ άλλων και διότι εν τω μεταξύ η υπόθεση της comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: ολοκλήρωσης του μεταγενέστερου Μεγάρου κατά τηofδεκαετία του In a sense, the phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend Μουσικής of a new social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus several reasons: high του costsΚράτους). in money 1980 απορρόφησε όλη την προσοχή και for τα διαθέσιμα κονδύλια and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Έτσι, από την εκεί μετεγκατάστασή τους το 1976, οι σχολές του Ωδείου termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Αθηνών συνέχισαν ναher λειτουργούν πρώτο όφορο an τουimportant νέου κτιρίου τους Berlin, where she made first studies. στον In 1932 she published study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous με όλα ταcost πολλαπλά προβλήματα που car συμπαρέσυρε ο markets, ημιτελήςetc.του lower living of, in “withdrawal” from private access studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and Neweasier York she came to back to London, where χαρακτήρας. in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying Η σοβαρή αυτή κτιριακή εκκρεμότητα σαράντα και πλέον ετών her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in απασχόλησε συστηματικά την τρέχουσα διοίκηση του Μουσικού και 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aΔραματικού variety of ways, in order toτοachieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Συλλόγου απόAbstract. 2013, όταν ανέλαβε τα ηνία του φορέα. Ως

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

αποτέλεσμα των προσπαθειών αυτών, εγκρίθηκε εν τέλει το 2014 από το Δήμο Αθηναίων η ένταξη στο ΕΣΠΑ πράξης με τίτλο Αποπεράτωση και Εκσυγχρονισμός των Κτιριακών Υποδομών του Ωδείου Αθηνών στον Άξονα Προτεραιότητας Βελτίωση της Ποιότητας Ζωής στο Αστικό Περιβάλλον του Επιχειρησιακού Προγράμματος Αττική, στη βάση προωθημένων μελετών που χρηματοδοτήθηκαν εξ ολοκλήρου από δωρεές και χορηγίες που κατάφερε ο By Mr. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Μουσικός και Δραματικός Σύλλογος ναGeorge-Sp. συγκεντρώσει. Λόγω διαφόρων Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, διαδικαστικών και γραφειοκρατικών καθυστερήσεων, η εν λόγωArchitect πράξη By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS κατέστη αναπόφευκτο να μεταφερθεί, και εν τέλειofεπανεντάχθηκε στη νέα Student the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete διαχειριστική περίοδο 2014-2020, περνώντας πλέον στη δικαιοδοσία της Περιφέρειας Αττικής. Η εν λόγω πράξη, που σήμερα βρίσκεται σε εξέλιξη, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept συγχρηματοδοτείται από το Ευρωπαϊκό Ταμείο Περιφερειακής η ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370Ανάπτυξης, BC, Athens), δε σχετική επιλέξιμη δημόσια δαπάνη ανέρχεται σε περίπου 6.300.000 €. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the among wise leftthe us, he established a greatof“principle”: the Το other έργο αυτό heritage δημοπρατήθηκε, οdefinition ανάδοχος στο κτίριο acquisition of knowledge startshe with of εγκαταστάθηκε the content concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term και η όλη πράξη βρίσκεται ήδη στην φάση της ολοκλήρωσής της, που 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification αναμένεται εντός 2021. Περιλαμβάνει την αποπεράτωση και τον 1 (and του gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various εκσυγχρονισμό του ενός τρίτουof aπερίπου του ημιτελούς κτιρίου, και Sociology as well), as the “refining” city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, συγκεκριμένα χώρων πολιτισμού, α)this του Αμφιθεάτρου του ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of των art galleries, restaurants, etc.δηλαδή However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless Ωδείου Αθηνών, χωρητικότητας θέσεων, β) Πειραματικής whatever other consequences has,600 results also rising of land pricesΜουσικής (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and δ) the potential relative Σκηνής χωρητικότητας 200 θέσεων, γ) Φουαγιέ και χώρων εκδηλώσεων, potential relative speculation). The termΜουσικής gentrification is found at first in the UK in early and itστούντιο refers to Κέντρου Τεχνολογίας αποτελούμενου από1960s πέντε The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ηχογράφησης και χώρων διδασκαλίας και ε)toχώρου εστίασης – καφέ στοof the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves there and thus old residents are ισόγειο. Στα παραπάνω προστίθεται η λειτουργία του Ελληνικού Παιδικού London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. Μουσείου, υποστηριζόμενη από το isΔήμο Αθηναίων ήδη από το 2016, Ruth ενώ A description of this phenomenon included in the work of Sociologist A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at theτους sameεπόμενους period, while similar situations were recorded otherΣτέγης major αναμένεται μήνες η έναρξη λειτουργίας της inνέας GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Ελληνικών Ιδεών, αποτέλεσμα συνεργασίας του Ωδείου Αθηνών με το Εθνικό cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars for its more Κέντρο Έρευνας και Επιστημών Δημόκριτος υπό την αιγίδα and του Since then, the issue has several scholars andΥπουργείου for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the Πολιτισμού. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups 5. Το Ωδείο Αθηνών στη νέα εποχή to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, whereυποδομών work placeσυμπίπτει is, lack of the Η προσεχής έναρξη της λειτουργίας των νέων με 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, α τα 150 γενέθλια του Μουσικού και Δραματικού Συλλόγου και σηματοδοτεί Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. TheΑθηνών same year Germany after continuous την είσοδο του Ωδείου σεshe μιαleftνέα εποχήand προσφοράς στα πολιτιστικάfor lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, πράγματα Οι βασικές κατευθύνσεις πάνω στις οποίες in According 1943 she της published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to πρωτεύουσας. another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued social research. brokers Her public and σχεδιάζεται η προσφορά αυτή, είναι οιgroups, εξής: hermanufacturers, long-term effort by organized ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in - η Wil. διασφάλιση της βιωσιμότητας ηWIKIPEDIA: περαιτέρω θωράκιση του 10th edit. SONS AND Ltd. Londonκαι 2009. The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aκοινωφελούς variety of ways, in order toφορέα, achieve “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually χαρακτήρα του σεthe πιστή εφαρμογή των σχετικών όρων

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του Καταστατικού του, με κύρια στόχευση την GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, ενίσχυση της νεανικής δημιουργικότητας στον Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of των Gentrification τομέα παραστατικών τεχνών, - η διαφύλαξη, καλλιέργεια, τεκμηρίωση Concerns και δημιουργική αξιοποίηση της ιστορικής

μνήμης ενάμιση αιώνα αδιάλειπτης λειτουργίας Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS του By Ωδείου Αθηνών C.στο επίκεντρο της Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, πολιτιστικής ζωής της πρωτεύουσας, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect - η επίλυση Studentτων of the λοιπών School of κτιριακών Architecture Technical University of Crete εκκρεμοτήτων που απομένουν, και η πλήρης ανάδειξη αρχιτεκτονικής και ιστορικής 1. Introductory approach: Defining theτης concept 1. Introductory approach: theτου concept σημασίας κτιρίου Δεσποτόπουλου ως ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), σημαντικού αθηναϊκού τοπόσημου, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the among other wise heritage leftthe us, he established a great the ηdefinition περαιτέρω αξιοποίηση acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content of“principle”: concepts. της acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term συσσωρευμένης εμπειρίας του διδακτικού 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification προσωπικού των σχολών του Ωδείου Αθηνών, 1 (and urban gentrification) gentrification indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various στο of οποίο συγκαταλέγονται σήμερα μερικοί Sociology as well), as the “refining” a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, από τους πλέον διακεκριμένους Έλληνες ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless ώστεrising η εκπαιδευτική προσφορά whatever other consequencesκαλλιτέχνες, has, results also of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has,στους resultsτρεις also rising of land prices (and the potential relative του καλλιτεχνικούς τομείς που potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in(μουσική, the UK in early 1960s and it refersνα to υπηρετεί θέατρο, χορός) The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ανταποκρίνεται πολλαπλές προκλήσεις the then observed trend wealthy people to στις buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof μιας ολοένα μεταβαλλόμενης σύγχρονης London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. πραγματικότητας, A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon included the work of στην Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major - is η situations ενεργόςinwere συμβολή επίλυση GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. χρόνιων θεσμικών προβλημάτων της cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholarsστην and Ελλάδα, for its more καλλιτεχνικής εκπαίδευσης που Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from αφορούν ζητήματα όπως ο αδιαβάθμητος comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon following: ηthecategory έλλειψη In a sense, theof phenomenon isχαρακτήρας dueof togentrification, a trendτης, of a new of ορθολογικής social groups διασύνδεσης μεταξύ των φορέων την to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs που in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, work place is, lack of the παρέχουν, τα where πεπαλαιωμένα ωδειακά termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, προγράμματα με βάση τα οποία αυτή Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after λειτουργεί, η ελλιπής έωςcontinuous ανύπαρκτη διεθνής lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, της δικτύωση, αλλά και η απουσία από την in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and πρωτεύουσα χώρας ενός brokers φορέα of παροχής long-term informal effort by organized groups,της manufacturers, buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of partεκπαίδευσης of the urban web, in ανώτατης καλλιτεχνικής στον 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to τομέα achieve theπαραστατικών “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually των τεχνών.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, ΤΕΧΝΕΣ ΚΑΙ ΠΟΛΙΤΙΣΜΟΣ ΣΤΑ ΙΟΝΙΑ ΝΗΣΙΑ Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Η ΠΡΟΣΦΟΡΑ ΤΟΥ ΤΕΧΝΟΛΟΓΙΚΟΥ ΕΚΠΑΙΔΕΥΤΙΚΟΥ Concerns ΙΔΡΥΜΑΤΟΣ ΙΟΝΙΩΝ ΝΗΣΩΝ Καθηγητού Ιωάν. ΔΡΑΓΩΝΑ ByΤου Mr. George-Sp. C.κ. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Προέδρου Τ.Ε.Ι. Ιονίων Student, Νήσων By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

Το Τεχνολογικό Εκπαιδευτικό Ίδρυμα Ιονίων Νήσων1, συνεχίζει με αμείωτο ενδιαφέρον την προσπάθεια γύρω από την έρευνα και την ανάδειξη 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductoryπολιτισμού. approach: Defining the concept τουANTISTHENIS, επτανησιακού the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Ηother ενασχόληση Ιδρύματος μας με θέματα ANTISTHENIS, theτου ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCτου -“principle”: 370 πολιτισμού, BC, Athens), among wise heritage he left us, he established a great the among other wise heritage he leftthe us, he established a greatof“principle”: the επιβάλλεται, εφ’ όσον τα γνωστικά αντικείμενα τμημάτων μας, μεταξύ acquisition of knowledge starts with definition ofτων the content concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of αναγνώριση concepts. άλλων, αφορούν τηνon τέχνη συνδυασμένη τηνifτεχνολογία, την Based, therefore, this “principle” aμε first, not final, approach, the term 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notκαι final, approach, the term και διαχείριση της urban πολιτισμικής κληρονομιάς καθώς την αποκατάσταση gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification και προστασία μνημείων και έργων Sociology as well), as the “refining” of τέχνης. a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), asαυτή the “refining” of a city area, the from this, of (inartists, various Η έχειofως αποδέκτες πέρα από τους φοιτητές και το ways), ofπροσπάθεια social groups, usually low-income and theremoval placement there ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of artπροσωπικό, galleries, restaurants, etc.αλλά However this “change”, regardless of εκπαιδευτικό μας την τοπική και ευρύτερη κοινωνία. the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this regardless whatever other has, results risingχάρη of “change”, land (and theof Η ανάδειξη της επτανησιακής τέχνης ξεκίνησε στηνprices πρωτοβουλία whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). της προηγούμενης Διοικούσας Επιτροπής και τον Πρόεδρό της Καθηγητή, κ. potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UKκέντρου in early 1960s and Παρθένης it refers to Ναπολέοντα Μαραβέγια με τη δημιουργία του Κων/νος The term gentrification iswealthy found first in the UK βρισκόμαστε in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the observed trend ofτόπο people to που buy property in poor στονthen όμορφο και ιστορικό τηςatΠεσσάδας, σήμερα. the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof Η αποψινή βραδιά αποτελεί συνέχεια της εκδήλωσης «Η τέχνη της London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. επτανησιακής σχολής τον 18 και 19 αιώνα», η οποία είχε λάβει χώρα στην being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon included inΠαλαμάς» the work ofκαι Sociologist Ruth αίθουσα του Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνώνis «Κωστής συγκέντρωσε A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major το ενδιαφέρον της επιστημονικής και εκπαιδευτικής κοινότητας. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities inΗWestern countries, by other Εκπαιδευτικού Researchers. Ιδρύματος με τον πολιτισμό επαφή του Τεχνολογικού cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several and for its more των Επτανήσων ξεκίνησε αρχικά σε συνεργασία με scholars τις τοπικές κοινωνίες των Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from φορείς και καλλιτεχνικούς νησιών μας, επεκτάθηκε σε επιστημονικούς και comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: τώρα κορυφώνεται με την κατάρτιση συμφώνων συνεργασίας με interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups εκπαιδευτικούς φορείς όπως το Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιά, το Πάντειο to “return” to the leaving the purlieus reasons: high costs in μας money Πανεπιστήμιο, τοcity, Ιόνιο Πανεπιστήμιο καιfor τοseveral ΤΕΙ Αθήνας. Η συνεργασία δε and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the αυτή1.επεκτείνεται και σε ευρωπαϊκά Πανεπιστήμια. termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Ίδρυμά μας είναι Inτο1932 πνευματικό του study επιφανούς Berlin,Το where she made her που first studies. she publishedτέκνο an important entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The sameΥπουργού year she leftΓεράσιμου Germany andΑρσένη, after continuous οραματιστή Κεφαλλονίτη, ιδρύθηκε για ναfor lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, υλοποιήσει τις προσδοκίες του επτανησιακού ελληνισμού για τεχνολογική in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and πρόοδο, εκπαίδευση, καινοτομία καιcontinued ανάπτυξη. University College of London, where she her social research. brokers Her public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 1

Νυν Μέρος του Ιονίου Πανεπιστημίου. Σημ. τ. Εκδ.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns Προσδίδουμε μεγάλη σημασία στην εξωστρέφεια του Ιδρύματος μας και By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS στην ανάγκη για διαρκή όσμωση με όσο το δυνατόν μεγαλύτερο κομμάτι της Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, κοινωνίας. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Πρόσφατα άλλωστε, είχαμε την ιδιαίτερη τιμήofνα τον Student theαναγορεύσουμε School of Architecture Πρόεδρο της Δημοκρατίας και Καθηγητή κ. ΠροκόπηTechnical Παυλόπουλο σε επίτιμο University of Crete Καθηγητή του ΤΕΙ Ιονίων νήσων, γεγονός που ενίσχυσε θεσμικά το κύρος Introductory approach: Defining the concept του1.Ιδρύματος. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Η δύσκολη εποχή την οποία διανύουμε μας καλεί να -προσαρμοστούμε ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he leftγια us,να he established(444 a αποτελεσματικά great the στις νέες συνθήκες και ανάγκες συμβάλλουμε στην amongκαι other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition ofτην knowledge starts with of the content concepts. the πρόοδο εξέλιξη της χώρας. acquisition of knowledge starts with the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, term Η ορθολογική αξιοποίηση τωνthe περιορισμένων οικονομικών μαςthe πόρων, 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification η συνεχής και 1επίμονη δραστηριότητά γύρω από τα θέματα της έρευνας term και gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various του πολιτισμού, καθώς και η τελευταία θετική εξωτερική αξιολόγηση, μας Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social usually of and the there of artists, επιτρέπουν ναgroups, αισιοδοξούμε καιlow-income να ελπίζουμε, ότιplacement η πολιτεία αλλά και η ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andνα thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of επτανησιακή κοινωνία θα μας ενισχύσουν ώστε συνεχίσουμε, με αμείωτο the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the ενδιαφέρον την προσπάθεια μας. whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential speculation). Το relative Τεχνολογικό Εκπαιδευτικό Ίδρυμα Ιονίων νήσων έχει αποδείξει potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at firstτου in theόπως UK inαποτυπώνεται early 1960s and itαπό refers to εμπράκτως την τεράστια δυναμική την The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor ιδιαιτέρως θετική Αξιολόγηση που συνέταξαν πρόσφατα διακεκριμένοι the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves old residents areof Έλληνες και Ξένοι αξιολογητές. Αποτελεί χρέοςthere μαςand ναthus αξιοποιήσουμε London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residentsτη are being indirectly “squeezed”. δυναμική αυτή “squeezed”. προς όφελος της ακαδημαϊκής μας κοινότητας και των being indirectly A description of this phenomenon in the work of Sociologist Ruth τοπικών κοινωνιών των νησιών μας. isisincluded A description ofperiod, this phenomenon included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations in other major ευγνωμοσύνη μας την Για atάλλη μια φορά, θέλουμε να εκφράσουμε GLASS the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. απέναντι στην οικογένεια Γεράσιμου Αρσένη, η οποία cities in Western countries, byτου otherαείμνηστου Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more γενναιόδωρα καθιέρωσε τραπεζικό λογαριασμό μνήμηand του την Since then, the issue has severalστη scholars forγια its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the various χορήγηση υποτροφιών στο όνομά του,summarized με αποτέλεσμα να συγκεντρωθεί το comprehensive approach are being below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: ποσό των 50.000 ευρώ περίπου. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Η προσφορά αυτή θα αξιοποιηθεί επωφελώς για την ανάδειξη του to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Ιδρύματος προάγοντας την αριστεία και τη διεύρυνση των ακαδημαϊκών and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the οριζόντων τωνatcomes φοιτητών μας. residencies 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed outside town centres, Berlin,Σας where she made και her first studies. In να 1932 she published an important study στους entitled: ευχαριστώ σας εύχομαι απολαύσετε το αποψινό ταξίδι services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous δρόμους τηςcost επτανησιακής επιστήμης και τέχνης, μέσα από τα κείμενα των lower living of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, ομιλητών που ακολουθούν. in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and  University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and . organized Σας informal ευχαριστώ πολύ long-term effort by groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually  Προσλαλιά σε Συνέδριο περί Ιονίων Νήσων, Πεσσάδα Κεφαλληνίας, 2016.

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the 1concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th 1 edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Βλέπετε υπόλοιπο του κειμένου στην ηλεκτρονική διεύθυνση της ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α., G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of το ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually τ. 73/2013.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Το έργο της Ευρωπαϊκής Επιτροπής για την Πρόληψη Concerns των Βασανιστηρίων και της Απάνθρωπης ή Ταπεινωτικής Μεταχείρισης ή Τιμωρίας

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate of Design, Student, Του κ.School Πέτρου ΜΙΧΑΗΛΙΔΗ By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Πρέσβη ε.τ. – ΜέλουςStudent της Επιτροπής για την Κύπρο of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: theΠαγκοσμίου concept Μετά το τέλος του Defining Δευτέρου Πολέμου παρατηρείται 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greekτην philosopher, 370 BC, Athens), διεθνώς μια κινητοποίηση με σκοπό παρεμπόδιση της -επανάληψης των ANTISTHENIS, theτων ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC είχαν -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the σοβαρών παραβιάσεων ανθρωπίνων δικαιωμάτων που διαπραχθεί among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. κατά την περίοδο αυτή. Αναλαμβάνονται πολλές πρωτοβουλίες και acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term καταρτίζονται διεθνή έγγραφα για τη ρητή και οριστική απαγόρευση των 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban area of Planning) (or gentrification βασανιστηρίων(and και τηςgentrification) απάνθρωπηςis indicated ή ταπεινωτικής μεταχείρισης ή 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or 1as well), Sociology as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various τιμωρίας. Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), ofΚανένας social groups, of low-income and theremoval placement όμως usually από τους μηχανισμούς που προτείνονται δεν είχε την ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of απαιτούμενη εξαναγκαστική δύναμη και δομή ώστε να διασφαλίζει κάποια the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof πραγματικά αποτελεσματική συμμόρφωση ή εποπτεία. Ο έλεγχος, ακόμα whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). και όπου προβλεπόταν στις σχετικές διατάξεις, ήταν μεταγενέστερος των potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to γεγονότων και, επομένως, να in προκαταλάβει την1960s εκδήλωσή τους. The term gentrification found atpeople first the UK in early and itareas refers the then observed trend ofisανίσχυρος wealthy to buy property in poor ofto Κάτω από τις περιστάσεις αυτές η προσοχή επικεντρώνεται στην εξεύρεση the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof μεθόδων προληπτικής φύσεως, ώστεsometimes το φαινόμενο των London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and thusβασανιστηρίων old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. ν΄αντιμετωπισθεί και να πληγεί στη γένεσή του. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth Το 1976 οofJean Jacques Gautier, ιδρυτής και πρώτος Πρόεδρος της GLASS at the same period, while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Ελβετικής Επιτροπής εναντίον βασανιστηρίων, προτείνει σε σχετική cities in Western countries, by otherτων Researchers. cities inτου, Western countries, by other έκθεσή που ετοίμασε τοpreoccupied 1976 Researchers. για τηνseveral Ελβετική Κυβέρνηση, τη its σύναψη Since then, the issue has scholars and for more then, the severalεπισκέψεων scholars andαπό for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the μιαςSince Σύμβασης πουissue να has διαλαμβάνει σύστημα ομάδα comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon σε of gentrification, the following: ανεξάρτητων εμπειρογνωμόνων κάθε χώρο όπου κρατούντο πρόσωπα interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups στερημένα της ελευθερίας τους. to “return” the city, leaving the purlieus for several του reasons: high costsΕυρώπης in money Το to 1983, η Κοινοβουλευτική Συνέλευση Συμβουλίου and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack the υιοθετεί τη Σύσταση 971 για την προστασία των κρατουμένων ofαπό 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, βασανιστήρια, ενσωματωθεί προσχέδιο της Ευρωπαϊκής Berlin, where sheστην made οποία her firstείχε studies. In 1932 she και an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at published the heart theΑπάνθρωπης, city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year sheΒασανιστηρίων left Germany and after continuous Σύμβασης για την πρόληψη των και of της ήfor lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, Ταπεινωτικής Μεταχείρισης ή Τιμωρίας. in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 1 Βλέπετε το υπόλοιπο του κειμένου στην ηλεκτρονική διεύθυνση της ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α., τ. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 80/2015.

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Sicilianos, The Greek GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Modernist Intervention, Joseph (Iosif) PAPADATOS Definition, Types ofProf. intervention, Concerns of Gentrification (Ionian University, President of the Greek Composers’ Union) Dr Anastasios R. A. MAVROUDIS Concerns

Violinist and Musicologist

2020 marks Greek modernist By composer Yorgos Sicilianos’s (1920-2005) Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS centennial celebrations. The centennial coincides with the publication of Student, the first Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, By appreciation Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS monograph dedicated to the study and of Sicilianos’s workArchitect written the book School of Architecture by an author who never met the composer inStudent person.ofThe “Sicilianos, The Technical University of Crete Greek Modernist – Performing Selected Chamber Works and Concerto for Violin and Orchestra, Op. 51” (Athens: Benaki Museum, 2020) was written by London-based 1. Introductory approach: theR. concept violinist and musicologist, DrDefining Anastasios A. Mavroudis, with a foreword by 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greekthe philosopher, Professor Elly Yotopoulou – Sicilianou, late composer’s wife. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise he left us,was he established a great the Sicilianos Theheritage Greek Modernist first conceived as a-“principle”: doctoral thesis among other wiseDepartment heritage us,definition heatestablished aCollege, greatof“principle”: acquisition of startshe with the of the content concepts. completed in knowledge the ofleft Music Goldsmiths University the of acquisition of knowledge starts withYorgos theindefinition the content of concepts. Based,intherefore, this “principle” a Sicilianos’s first, if of not final, approach, the term London, 2015. Theon book analyses compositional influences, 1 (and urban Based, onreflected this “principle” inindicated a first, ifNo. not2, final, approach, the term gentrification) (in the area Planning) (or gentrification process andtherefore, technique in Stringis Quartet Op. 13of(1955), String 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Quartet No. 4, Op. 28 (1967), Sonata for Violin and Piano, Op. 45 (1981), and Sociology asViolin well), as the “refining” of a51 city area, removal fromthere this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe the placement artists, Concerto for and Orchestra, Op. (1987). It also evaluates the of extent to ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation art galleries, restaurants,of etc. However this “change”, regardless of which analysisofinforms the performance each piece and suggests interpretative the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless approaches. The book’s objectives areresults to provide editions these compositions, whatever other has, risingthis ofof“change”, land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising land prices (and to the currently unpublished and commercially unavailable, and of to provide guidance potential relative potential relative speculation). future of theseiscompositions enabling to 1960s be interpreted with The performers term gentrification found at first in the UKthem in early and it refers to Thetoterm gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto fidelity the composer’s the then observed trendvision. ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy people buy in poor areas The introductory chapter, sets the tone to forthere its property subject outlining London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thusmatter, old residents areof London, upgrade them, stayprovides themselves sometimes there and thus oldstudies residents are Sicilianos’s stylistic periods, a literature review of previous and being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. publications on the composer’s life and work. The second chapter broaches the A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth philosophical practical question of what the role of a performer posing the GLASS at theand same while similar recorded inis,other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major question “Is performance an art, or duty?”, and examining this concept in sections cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. discussing the views of composers versus performers; the role of thefor musician as Since then, the issue has several scholars and its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for its more “performer” or “interpreter”; the being interpretation of musical meaning; thevarious path to comprehensive approach are summarized below, from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, the various performance; performance preparation; and, finally, the as from intermediary. interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, theartist following: interpretations of thechapters phenomenon of thecategory following: next are dedicated to of analysing the selected works of In aThe sense, thefour phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend a new of social groups Sicilianos. Chapter two juxtaposes Sicilianos’s String Quartet No. 2, Op. 13 (1955), to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money which was by the of to Bartók, with the Hungarian composer’s work and time toinspired travel from the music purlieus downtown, where work place is, lack of the using the analyses of János Kárpáti, Professor of Musicology at the Budapest 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932Sicilianos’s she published an important study entitled: Academy Music in order to entertainment contextualise work for an international services ofofhealth, education, “at the heart of the city”, (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after Quartet continuous movements audience. A detailed performance analysis of the Second follows which lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where ends with advice for future performers of this composition. Chapter three in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and contextualises Sicilianos’s String Quartet No. her 4,manufacturers, Op. 28research. (1967) brokers withpublic theofwork of University informal College of London, where she continued social Her action and long-term effort by organized groups, buying her work are (1924-1990) characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS DICTIONARY. Luigi Nono and Brian Ferneyhough (1947-), theENGLISH most well-known and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: exponent of the New Complexity movement. The Fourth Quartet presents unique G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually technical challenges to its performers with its strict “serialisation” of all musical

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

parameters, and so the performance analysis tries to resolve the question of fidelity versus exactitude with regard to the composer’s vision and intention. Chapter four presents Sicilianos’s most diverse work with regard to its sources of inspiration. The Sonata for Violin and Piano, Op. 45 (1981), begins with a fantasy on Bach’s Chaconne for solo violin, then morphs into a violin and piano duo inspired by a poem by Giannis Ritsos (1909-1990), At the Edge of the Port (1961). The second movement uses as scaffolding for the movement’s structure Mr. George-Sp. Giorgos Seferis’s (1900-1971) poem,By Pantoum, inspiredC.byATHANASOPOULOS the Javanese poetic Harvard Graduate School Design, Student, technique that uses repetitions as University, a form of development. The of final movement of By Mr.inspired George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect the Sonata is effectively programme music by another of Seferis’s works, Student of the School the surrealist short story Nijinsky. Here the work is examined using of asArchitecture a starting Technical University Crete point Sicilianos’s own analysis, presented at the work’s premiere. This thenofleads to a1.detailed exploration of how Sicilianos’s compositional choices are expressed Introductory approach: Defining the concept practically on the two instruments and how affects the performative aspects 1. Introductory approach: the that concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), of this piece. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great Chapter five analyses Sicilianos’s Concerto for Violin and Orchestra, Op.the 51 among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. (1987) and its relationship to Samuel Beckett’s (1906-1989) one-act play That acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term Time (1975), whose structure the composer uses as a framework for the 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of (or gentrification Concerto’s form. To contextualise this composition the the origins of Planning) the concerto 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various genre are discussed using Joseph Kerman’s (1924-2014) book Concerto Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social(1998), groups,based usually low-income andNorton the placement of artists, Conversations onofhis Charles Eliot Lecturesthere at Harvard in ways), of social usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of 1997-1998, and agroups, performance strategy is developed that will deliver what the the operation ofconsequences artagalleries, restaurants, etc. However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof writer hopes will be performance faithful to also the composer’s intentions. whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and in the potential Therelative book’s conclusion attempts to reconcile the information presented potential relative speculation). term gentrification is found at first in question the UK inofearly and to it refers to theThe previous chapters and tries to settle the what1960s it means present The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of an authentic performance of Sicilianos’s works. This final chapter is followed by ato the then observed trend wealthy people buy property in poor areas London, them, stay of themselves there and old residents areof series of upgrade appendices presenting a fairlysometimes detailedtotimeline of thus Sicilianos’s life; brief London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. biographical information concerning the composer’s teachers; a list of being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of thisrecordings phenomenon is included in the work of aSociologist Ruth commercially available of the composer’s work; also list of works by description ofperiod, this phenomenon included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations in other major otherAcomposers who were inspired byisthe literary works of Samuel Beckett; a GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in otherofmajor cities in Western countries, bywhile other Researchers. detailed comparative analysis of thesimilar two commercially available recordings the cities in countries, byTatsis other Apostolides Researchers. Since then, issue preoccupied several scholarsand andAris forGaroufalis its more Sonata forWestern Violinthe and Pianohas by (1928-2009) Since then, the issue has preoccupied scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive are being below, from (1942-2013), and approach Giorgos Demertzis andsummarized Mariaseveral Asteriadou. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various The final of appendix contains critical editions ofthe allfollowing: the works presented in interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: the printed editions indispensable and Inbook. a sense,These theof phenomenon is dueof toincorporate a trend of a new of context social groups performance suggestions to the aid purlieus performers. Utilizing various to “return” to the city, leaving for several reasons: highmethodological costs in money approaches, the analyses that inform them reveal critical structural and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is,parameters lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in that 1.not only impact subjective aspects of interpretation, butsearch also for in better some sense ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: instancesofdetermine practicalentertainment matters such “at as the thatcity”, the performer services health, education, the bowings heart of the (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for must execute. The book’s ultimate goal is to make accessible to performers lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.and studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where audiences alike of the seminal works of YorgosInSicilianos, one of the leading in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. 1950 sheto became teacher in the tosome another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and lights of post-war modernism in Greece. long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. For those who may not beCo familiar with Yorgos Sicilianos’s life and work, it and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: is worth giving a brief summary of his life. Born in Athens, Sicilianos studied at the G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Hellenic Conservatoire with Marios Varvoglis (1885 – 1967) and at the Athens Conservatoire with Giorgos Sklavos (1886-1976). In 1952 he continued his studies at the Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia in Rome, one of the oldest and most prestigious musical institutions in the world, in the class of Ildebrando Pizzetti (1880 – 1968). While in Rome Sicilianos formed lifelong friendships with his fellow classmates Franco Donatoni (1927-2000), Reginald Smith Brindle (1917-2003), and Frederic Devreese (1929-) and received new stimuli, hearing By Mr.Bartók, George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS works by composers such as Stravinsky, and Schoenberg, Webern and Harvard of Design, Student, Berg, composers of the 2nd SchoolUniversity, of Vienna,Graduate and was School introduced to Italy’s most By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect prominent exponent of the twelve-tone method at the C. time, Luigi Dallapiccola Student of the School of Architecture (1904-1975). Sicilianos later continued his studies auditing the classes of Tony Technical University of Crete Aubin (1907-1981) at the Conservatoire de Paris. In 1955 he travelled to the Unitedthe States as a Fulbright Scholar and studied 1. Introductory approach: Defining concept with1.Walter Piston (1894-1976) at Harvard and Boris Blacher (1903-1975) at Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -and 370 Peter BC, Athens), Tanglewood, as well the as with Vincent Persichetti (1915-1987) Mennin ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the (1923-1983) at the Juilliard School in New York City. In New York he first met among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Dimitri Mitropoulos (1896-1960), the famous music director of the New York acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term Philharmonic Orchestra, who had already expressed admiration for Sicilianos’s 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on Op. this “principle” is inindicated a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) the of Planning) (or gentrification Concerto for Orchestra, 12 (1954) and invited (in him toarea attend the NYPO’s 1 (and urban gentrification gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various rehearsals. Mitropoulos and the Philharmonic later commissioned and performed Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social usually low-income the placement there ofHall. artists, Sicilianos’s Firstgroups, Symphony, Op.of14 (1955) inand March 1958 at Carnegie In ways), of social groups, usually of No. low-income andwon thethis placement ofatartists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, However “change”, regardless of 1962, Sicilianos’s String Quartet 3,etc. Op. 15 the third there prize the the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.in However this regardless whatever other has,Quartets results also rising of “change”, land prices (and theof International Competition for String Liège, Belgium. whatever othercontinued consequences has,artistic resultsand alsoadministrative rising of land endeavours prices (and in the potential relative speculation). Sicilianos both his potential relative speculation). Theas term gentrification is found at first in the UK inProgramme early 1960s and refers to music Director of the Greek National Radio’s Third (theitspecialist The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas ofto classical music station) from 1960 to 1962 and was President of the refers Greek the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are Composers’ Union between 1981 and 1989. He also held administrative posts inof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. several other organisations, promoting the advancement of thus the arts and music being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work ofmusicians’ Sociologistrights Ruth education in Greece, scholarships abroad, actively promoting description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at thetosame while in other major and A working disseminate theirsimilar artistic output internationally throughout his GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. lifetime. cities in Western countries, by other Since then, the issue has preoccupied several and forasitswell more Sicilianos wrote more than 60Researchers. orchestral and scholars chamber works, as Since then, the issue has preoccupied severalinspired scholars for various itsGreek more comprehensive approach are being below, from the ballets and music for theatrical plays,summarized primarily byand ancient comprehensive approach are during being summarized the various literature. Theyofwere performed his lifetimethe in below, Greece from and abroad, and interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, following: interpretations the phenomenon the following: more 33the ofof them were released commercial recordings. 1990, the In athan sense, phenomenon is dueof togentrification, aastrend of a new category of In social groups French Government awarded him the distinction of Chevalier of the Ordre des Arts to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money et des Lettres and from in 1994 was awarded the Irene G. Papaioannou Prize and time to travel thehe purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lackby of the the 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born Academy of Athens. In 1999 the University of Athens conferred onfor him anin sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search better Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: honoraryofdoctorate for his contribution to the of music. passed services health, education, entertainment “at field the heart of theSicilianos city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for away in March 2005, five months after completing his last work Timbres, Op. 63 lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, (2004), sextet piano and strings.the in According 1943ashe published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the tofor another approach, is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd.Modernist London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: Free Encyclopedia: Information: Sicilianos, The Greek is published by The the Benaki Museum Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a(Athens, variety2020). of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Θύματα της πανδημίας Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of και Gentrification Παιδιά Έφηβοι Concerns

Του κ. Κων. Νικ. ΣΥΡΙΓΟΥ Καθηγητού Ιατρικής Σχολής ΕΚΠΑ By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Προέδρ. των Παιδικών Χωριών SOS Ελλάδος Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS

Architect Καθώς από την αρχή της πανδημίας φάνηκε ότι παιδιά και έφηβοι δεν Student of the School of Architecture νοσούν σοβαρά από λοίμωξη COVID-19, είδηση αποτέλεσαν μόνο οι ελάχιστες Technical University of Crete περιπτώσεις που η έκβασή τους ήταν δυσμενής. Εν τούτοις, διεθνείς μελέτες 1. Introductory approach:επιπτώσεις Defining theτης concept διαπιστώνουν σημαντικές πανδημίας στον ψυχισμό, στην 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ψυχοκοινωνική ανάπτυξη και στην ομαλή κοινωνικοποίηση των ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC,νεότερων Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), μελών της κοινωνίας μας. among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the amongΤα other wise heritage left us,definition he established a greatύπνου, the ευρήματα πολλά και ανησυχητικά: διαταραχές αίσθημα acquisition of knowledge startshe with the of the content of“principle”: concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts withδιατάραξη theindefinition the content of μοναξιάς, θλίψη, άγχος, φόβοι, διατροφής καιconcepts. μειωμένη Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first,της if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based,δραστηριότητα. therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if (in notεκπαίδευση final, approach, the term σωματική Και εάν η εξ is αποστάσεως κάλυψε, ως gentrification) indicated the area of Planning) (or gentrification gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (inηthe areathis, of Planning) (or ένα βαθμό, το1 (and γνωστικό σκέλος της σχολικής ζωής, συναισθηματική και Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal from (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various κοινωνική ανάπτυξη παιδιών παρέμεινεand στάσιμη ή και οπισθοδρόμησε, ways), of social groups,των usually of low-income the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of σε ορισμένες περιπτώσεις. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results rising of landκαταστάσεις prices (and the Παιδιά και νέοι αντιδρούν σε also ψυχοπιεστικές μεof whatever otherτρόπους consequences has, με results rising of land (andτην the potential relative speculation). διαφορετικούς ανάλογα το also αναπτυξιακό τουςprices στάδιο, potential relative speculation). The termτον gentrification is found at first in theτους, UK inαναπτύσσοντας early 1960s and itδιάφορα refers to αντίληψη, ψυχισμό και το περιβάλλον The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refersofto the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas συμπτώματα: απόσυρση, άγχος, αίσθημα ενοχής, θυμό, διέγερση, συχνές the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof αλλαγές στη διάθεση, παλινδρόμηση στην αυτοφροντίδα και σε προηγούμενα London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. στάδια ανάπτυξης που είχαν κατακτήσει, εφιάλτες, νυχτερινή ενούρηση και being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the of Sociologist Ruth χειριστικές συμπεριφορές για να προκαλέσουν τηνwork προσοχή, είναι μόνο A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major μερικά από αυτά. Τα ευάλωτα παιδιά, με ιστορικό δυσκολιών ψυχικής υγείας, GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. με ψυχοκοινωνικά / οικογενειακά προβλήματα και τραυματικές εμπειρίες ή cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and βιώνουν for its more τα παιδιά που βρίσκονται σε δομές εναλλακτικής φροντίδας, πιο Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from έντονα και με πιο δραματικές συνέπειες τον εγκλεισμό και οι ανάγκες comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: υποστήριξής τους αυξάνονται και διαφοροποιούνται. Για πολλά από αυτά τα interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups παιδιά, η δια ζώσης διδασκαλία και η εμπειρική απόκτηση γνώσης είναι to “return” to the city, leaving for several reasons: high costs in money καθοριστικής σημασίας, ενώthe η purlieus τηλεκπαίδευση δημιουργεί ανισότητες στην and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the πρόσβαση,termστις επιδόσεις και Ruth στηνGLASS, ανάπτυξη επιπλέον μαθησιακών from Sociologist 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, δυσκολιών στο μέλλον. Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. same year she left Germany and after continuous movements Κατά τον Theεγκλεισμό, εύθραυστες οικογενειακές σχέσεις lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came to back to London, δυναμιτίζονται, τα περιστατικά παραμέλησης, ενδοοικογενειακής βίας και in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and κακοποίησης αυξάνονται, η δυνατότητα των θυμάτων να μιλήσουν University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying her work are characterized by υποχρεωμένα a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISHμαζί DICTIONARY. περιορίζεται, καθώς να βιώνουν τον εγκλεισμό με τον and selling realCOLLINS estate,είναι etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: υπαίτιο της κακοποίησής τους, ενώ δεν έχουν πρόσβαση σε άλλους ενήλικες G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually εμπιστοσύνης, στους οποίους μπορούν να μιλήσουν. Επιπλέον, ο εγκλεισμός

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

οδήγησε σε μεγάλη αύξηση της ενασχόλησης παιδιών και εφήβων με το Διαδίκτυο, η οποία αυξάνει την πιθανότητα θυματοποίησής τους. Από την άλλη, οι συνθήκες κοινωνικής απομόνωσης δυσκολεύουν τους επαγγελματίες των δομών παιδικής προστασίας και ψυχικής υγείας να ταυτοποιούν τέτοια περιστατικά και να ανταποκρίνονται επαρκώς, με αποτέλεσμα ο κίνδυνος γι΄αυτά τα παιδιά να αυξάνεται. Η επικρατούσα άποψη ότι «τα παιδιά είναι ανθεκτικά και θα By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ανακάμψουν» είναι εν πολλοίς λανθασμένη και επικίνδυνη. Τα παιδιά είναι Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, ανθεκτικά και προσαρμοστικά αλλάBy σεMr. μίαGeorge-Sp. τόσο ψυχοπιεστική και απειλητική C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect κατάσταση που επικρατεί στο σύνολο της κοινωνίας και μην έχοντας καμία Student of the School of Architecture διέξοδο, οι αντοχές τους απειλούνται σοβαρά. Η κατά τα λοιπά αναγκαία Technical University of Crete εφαρμογή των μέτρων κοινωνικής αποστασιοποίησης, φαίνεται να έβλαψε 1. Introductory approach: Defining concept παιδιά και εφήβους περισσότερο απόthe ό,τι ο ίδιος ο ιός, δημιουργώντας μια 1. Introductory approach: Defining the γενιά που, καθώς ακόμη και το παιχνίδι με concept τους φίλους «παράνομο», θα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 είναι BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage heπου left he established a great the αποκτήσει ψυχικά τραύματα θαus, εκδηλωθούν μακροπρόθεσμα. amongΕίναι other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he τα established a great the acquisition of knowledge starts with of theπου content of“principle”: concepts. σημαντικό να τονιστεί ότι μέτρα λήφθηκαν για τον acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” aαρνητικά first, if of not final, approach, the term περιορισμό της πανδημίας επηρέασαν την προστασία βασικών 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated aστην first, υγεία, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification δικαιωμάτων των παιδιών: το δικαίωμα στην εκπαίδευση και 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various στην προστασία της ζωής και της ασφάλειάς τους, και ανέδειξαν άλλες, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of aμας, city area, from this, of (inartists, various ways), of «πανδημίες» social groups, usually of low-income andthe the placement there χρόνιες της κοινωνίας όπως ηremoval εφηβική παχυσαρκία, η ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation art galleries, etc. However this “change”, regardless of εξάρτηση απόofοθόνες κ.ά. Ηrestaurants, υποστήριξη της ψυχικής υγείας των παιδιών και the operation ofconsequences art/galleries, restaurants, etc. However regardless whatever other has,τους, results risingthis of “change”, land (and the των οικογενειών φροντιστών η also διευκόλυνση στηνprices πρόσβαση σεof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). υπηρεσίες ψυχικής υγείας, η δημιουργία θεσμικού πλαισίου τηλεφωνικών potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found atείναι first inμόνο the UK in earlyαπό 1960s it refers to ψυχολογικών πρώτων βοηθειών κάποιες τιςand βάσεις του The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor σχεδιασμού της επόμενης ημέρας. the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, them, stay of themselves and thus residents areof Ηupgrade τακτική παρακολούθηση τουold ανθρώπινου London, upgrade them,υποστηρικτική stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. δυναμικού προνοιακών και ψυχοκοινωνικών δομών θα πρέπει επίσης να being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenonτης is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth αποτελέσει ύψιστη προτεραιότητα A description ofperiod, this phenomenon isπολιτείας. included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations in other major Η at Ιατρική Σχολή τουwhile ΕΚΠΑsimilar μέσωsituations των ψυχιατρικών και παιδιατρικών GLASS the same period, were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. κλινικών της έχει προσφέρει έργο σε ψυχοκοινωνικό, cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied otherσημαντικότατο Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more ερευνητικό καιthe εκπαιδευτικό επίπεδο. several Η εμπειρία αυτή πρέπει να Since then, issue has scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from κεφαλαιοποιηθεί με την are μετατροπή της Ψυχοκοινωνικής Γραμμής comprehensive approach being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Υποστήριξης πουtheδημιουργήθηκε, σε εθνική the γραμμή, με διαχρονική interpretations phenomenon following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new category of social groups λειτουργία. Η ενδυνάμωση του ρόλου των υπηρεσιών ψυχοκοινωνικής to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in υγείας money της time Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης, η toανάπτυξη and to travel from the purlieus downtown,προγραμμάτων where work placeάθλησης is, lack of και the δημιουργικής απασχόλησης παιδιών και1912-1940. εφήβων, ηGLASS στελέχωση 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, Ruth search wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she δομών herψυχικής first studies. In 1932 published important study entitled: πρωτοβάθμιων υγείας για she το παιδί καιan την οικογένεια, με τη services of health,made education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year sheμας left Germany and after continuous συνεργασία και τη σύμπραξη όλων είναι επίσης πιεστική ανάγκη. Για ναfor lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, δώσουμε δυνατή φωνή στα παιδιά και στουςInνέους της in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. 1950 she teacher μας, in the to another approach, the is due tobecame aκοινωνίας systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public and οφείλουμεinformal να απαντήσουμε στις ανάγκες τους με γρήγορα brokers αντανακλαστικά long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. ώστε να βοηθήσουμε τηfor νέα γενιά να ανακάμψει τοpart συντομότερο και and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., theCo depreciation initially of of the urban web,να in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: μπορέσει πάλι να ελπίζει σε ένα μέλλον που δικαιούται και της αξίζει. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification «ΕΓΚΩΜΙΟΝ ΚΑΡΑΪΣΚΑΚΗ» Έργο του Καθηγητού / Συνθέτη Ι. Στ. ΠΑΠΑΔΑΤΟΥ Concerns παρουσιάζεται στο Κάστρο Φαναρίου By Mr. ATHANASOPOULOS Σε παγκόσμια πρώτη εκτέλεση στοGeorge-Sp. Βυζαντινό C. Κάστρο Φαναρίου (Ν. Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Καρδίτσης), θα παρουσιασθείBy Mr. προσεχώς το έργο «Εγκώμιον George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect ΚΑΡΑΪΣΚΑΚΗ», του διαπρεπούς ΣυνθέτηStudent Ιωσήφ Στ.School ΠΑΠΑΔΑΤΟΥ, τ. of the of Architecture Αντιπρύτανη, νυν Κοσμήτορα και Καθηγητή από πολλών ετών του Ιονίου Technical University of Crete Πανεπιστημίου, με έδρα την Κέρκυρα. 1. Introductory approach: Defining concept Ενημέρωσης ο Συνθέτης Σε δηλώσεις του σε Μέσα the Μαζικής 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greekέχει philosopher, Καθηγητής σημείωσε, ότι το έργο γραφεί για Τραγουδιστές, Μεικτή ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 Αφηγητή. BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Χορωδία, Βυζαντινό Χορό, Συμφωνική Ορχήστρα και (βεβαίως) among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Τα κείμενα, τα οποία θα αναγνωσθούν, προέρχονται από acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term σπουδαίους 1Έλληνες Ποιητές όπως ο ΠΙΝΔΑΡΟΣ, ο Διονύσιος ΣΟΛΩΜΟΣ, ο Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area ofτην Planning) (or gentrification Αχιλλέας ΠΑΡΑΣΧΟΣ, ο Κωστής ΠΑΛΑΜΑΣ και, βεβαίως, από Δημοτική 1 (and urban gentrification gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Παράδοση και Ποίηση του Λαού μας. Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Κατά πληροφορίες, ήδη έχει ζητηθεί τοand έργο να παρουσιασθεί σε ways), of social groups, usually of low-income thethis placement there ofκαι artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of άλλες πόλεις της που με ταthis ένδοξα γεγονότα the operation of artΕλλάδος, galleries, restaurants, etc.also However “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has,συνδέονται results rising of land prices (andτου theof 1821. whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). εντυπωσιακός της δεσπόζει στους TheΟterm gentrification isχώρος found at firstεκδήλωσης in the UK in early 1960s πάνω and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto πρόποδες των Αγράφων και «γειτονεύει» με την χιλιοτραγουδισμένη the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas σπηλιά, εντός της οποίας γεννήθηκε ο ένδοξος πολεμιστής «Γιος της London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ΚΑΛΟΓΡΙΑΣ», Γεώργιος ΚΑΡΑΪΣΚΑΚΗΣ. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of Καθηγητής this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Ο Συνθέτης Ιωσήφ Στ. ΠΑΠΑΔΑΤΟΣ είναι ένας εκ πλέον A description ofperiod, this της phenomenon is situations included inwere theτούδε work επιτεύγματά of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at theΣυνθετών same while similar recorded in other major σημαντικών εποχής μας και τα μέχρι του GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities Western countries, otherτου Researchers. είναι inεντυπωσιακά και by εκτός Τμήματος Μουσικών Σπουδών του cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Ιονίου Πανεπιστημίου, στο οποίο διδάσκει Σύνθεση. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from Σπούδασε στην Ελλάδα μεbeing τους Α. ΚΑΡΜΠΟΝΕ, Α. ΚΑΠΟΔΙΣΤΡΙΑ και comprehensive approach are summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Γ.interpretations ΙΩΑΝΝΙΔΗ. Συνέχισε και ολοκλήρωσε τις σπουδές του στο Ντύσελντορφ the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups της Γερμανίας με τον Γκ. ΜΠΕΚΕΡ και παράλληλα παρακολούθησε to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Μαθήματα Αλγοριθμικής Σύνθεσης με τον Κλ.where ΜΠΑΡΛΟΟΥ καιis, Βυζαντινής and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, work place lack of the Μουσικής με τον Δ. ΤΕΡΖΑΚΗ. 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin,Αργότερα where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: ολοκλήρωσε τον Δεύτερο Κύκλο Σπουδών του κοντά στον services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Συνθέτη Χανς-Ούλριχ ΧΟΥΜΠΕΡΤ στην Κολωνία. lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private car access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she γράψει published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the Έχει περισσότερες από 100 Συνθέσεις: Τέσσερις Συμφωνίες to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying και άλλα Έργα Συμφωνικής Μουσικής, Μουσικής Δωματίου, Φωνητικά her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate,για etc., for theCo depreciation initially of partΜουσικής, of the urban web, in Έργα, Συνθέσεις Σόλο Όργανα, Ηλεκτρονικής μία 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns Μονόπρακτη Όπερα, ένα Πολύτεχνο Έργο By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS αφιερωμένο στη ΜνήμηHarvard του Γιάννη ΧΡΗΣΤΟΥ, University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. και George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS καθώς και μουσική για το Θέατρο το Architect Student of the School of Architecture Αρχαίο Δράμα. Τα έργα του έχουν εκτελεστεί και Technical University of Crete παρουσιαστεί ραδιοφωνικά στην Eλλάδα και 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept στο Εξωτερικό και έχει δεχθεί πολυάριθμες 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, αναθέσεις / παραγγελίες. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the Έχει δώσει πολλές Διαλέξεις και among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Σεμινάρια μεknowledge θέματα, που αφορούν στην acquisition of starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, notthe final, approach, the term Σύγχρονη Μουσική Δημιουργία, έχειif (in urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification συμμετάσχει σεas the σχετικές Sociology as well), “refining” Ημερίδες of a city area,και the removal from this, (in various Sociology as as the “refining” of aδιδάξει city area, the fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually low-income and theremoval placement Συνέδρια μεwell), Εισηγήσεις καιof έχει σε ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of σπουδαία Ωδεία. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has, results Έχειother λάβει πολλές υποτροφίες καιalso έχειrising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative βραβευθεί κατ’ consequences επανάληψη σε σημαντικούς potential relative speculation). The term gentrificationΣύνθεσης. is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Διεθνείς Διαγωνισμούς The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed ofiswealthy buy property in poor Επίσης έχειtrend συνεργαστεί τοtotoΓ΄ the then observed trend wealthy με people buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof Πρόγραμμα της them, Eλληνικής Pαδιοφωνίας ως there and thus old residents are London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes being indirectly “squeezed”. Παραγωγός Μουσικών Εκπομπών, ενώ έχει being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth συμμετάσχει ωςofperiod, Μέλος και similar ως isΠρόεδρος A description this phenomenon included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while situations in other major Κριτικών Επιτροπών σε σημαντικούς GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied otherΔιαγωνισμούς Researchers. Ελληνικούς και Διεθνείς Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more Σύνθεσης. comprehensive approach are being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Είναι Μέλος της Ένωσης Eλλήνων the following: interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, interpretations of the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, the(Ε.Ε.Μ.) phenomenon is due togentrification, a trendΑπό of a new of social groups Mουσουργών από το έτος 1988. to the city, leaving the ανελλιπώς purlieus for several το“return” έτος to1995 εκλέγεται στο reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus where work place is, lack of the Διοικητικό Συμβούλιο, από τοto downtown, έτος 1999 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside ανέλαβε την θέση του Γενικού Γραμματέα καιtown centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, entertainment “at the of the city”, (possibly) από το έτος education, 2013 την του Α’andheart Youth Unemployment. The same year θέση she left Germany after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New back to London, Αντιπροέδρου. Μάλιστα πρόσφατα εξελέγη γιαYork she came to in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and δεύτερη θητείαof London, Πρόεδρος του Διοικητικού University informal College where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized Συμβουλίου της Ε.Ε.Μ. by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia:

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

Δρ Ευγενία - Μαρία ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ

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ΤΟ «RESET» ΤΗΣ ΕΥΡΩΠΑΪΚΗΣ ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΙΑΣ: GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, ΚΙΝΔΥΝΟΙ ΚΑΙ ΕΥΚΑΙΡΙΕΣ Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Του κ. Θεοδώρου Α.ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΥ Concerns Δρος Οικονομ. και Κοινων. Επιστημ. Παν. Αμβούργου,

Επισκ. Καθηγητού Ευρωπαϊκής Ολοκλήρωσης Παν/μίου Βόννης, Στελέχους της Ε.Ε. By Mr. George-Sp. C.πρ. ATHANASOPOULOS

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Περίληψη διαδικτυακής διαλέξεως προς Φοιτητάς του ΠΑΝΤΕΙΟΥ By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect ΠΑΝΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΙΟΥ στα πλαίσια του Μαθήματος ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΙΚΟΙ ΚΑΙ Student of the SchoolΘΕΣΜΟΙ of Architecture ΠΟΛΙΤΙΚΕΣ ΤΗΣ Ε.Ε. κατόπιν πρωτοβουλίας και προσκλήσεως της Μ. Επ. Technical University of Crete Καθηγήτριας κ.Βασιλικής Δεληθέου και του Καθηγητού κ.Ηλία Πλασκοβίτη.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory Defining the concept “…I believeapproach: thatancient the greatest error in economics seeing the ANTISTHENIS, the Greek philosopher, (444 BC - is 370inBC, Athens), economy as a stable , immutable structure.” ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the John Galbraith inthe The since the Wars, among other wise heritage left us,definition heWorld established a great the acquisition ofKenneth knowledge startshe with ofEconomy the content of“principle”: concepts. 1994 acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Abstract: gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various The “RESET ofasthe European Economy: risks & challenges” is the of outcome Sociology as well), the “refining” of a city area, removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe the placement there artists, of a presentation via video-conference which was followed by a discussion ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of among more than 60 undergraduate students of the Panteion University ofof the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the Athens (after invitation of Prof.I.Plaskovitis, Prof.V.Delitheou). of the whatever other consequences has, results also rising of landOne prices (andkey the potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). conclusions was that in the case ofatGreece a specific effort1960s should The term gentrification is found first in the UK in early andbeit made refers in to The gentrification found atpeople firstthe in the UK in early 1960s and it refers order toterm implement on time and within scheduled priorities and with the the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor areas ofto the then observed wealthy sometimes people toand buyresilience property in poor areas financial support of trend the EUof prepared recovery program (after London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are COViD-19 pandemic). At the same time the political conflict with Turkey being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. should not create any further obstacles and risks to this economic reset . A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Ο τίτλος της διαλέξεως περιέχει τον αγγλικό όρο “RESET”, ο οποίος GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. σκοπίμως δεν μεταφράζεται ελληνικά, ως π.χ. «επανεκίνηση», διότι κατά cities in Western countries, byστα other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more την Since άποψήthen, μου the δενissue αποδίδει την πραγματική τηςscholars σημασίαand στηfor σημερινή has several its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the various οικονομία της Ευρώπης, η οποία απειλείται με νέα κρίση λόγω της the πανδημίας comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: COVID-19. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Στις αρχές του έτους (Ιανουάριος 2021), διεξήχθει στο Davos της to “return” to theο city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Παγκόσμιο Οικονομικό Φόρουμ (World Forum), Ελβετίας 51 from and time toτοtravel the purlieus to downtown, where workEconomic place is, lack of the υπό τον γενικό τίτλο “GREAT RESET”, προτείνοντας την ανάγκη 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better Berlin, where she made herπροτεραιοτήτων first studies. In 1932 sheάμεση published an important study entitled: επανακαθορισμών των για δράση για ανάκαμψη της services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for οικονομίας παγκοσμίως. lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Η άμεση καιapproach, ο συντονισμός της επιβάλλεται, λόγω τωνteacher γνωστών in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 she in the toδράση another the is due tobecame a systematic and University(Global College of trends) London, where she continued her social Her public and των τάσεων και επιπροσθέτως της research. αλληλοεξάρτησης long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. των of μεταλλαγών των οικονομικών των διαφόρων κρατών, την ταχύτητα and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification δυνάμεων της αγοράς, καθώς και την πολυπλοκότητα των οικονομικών Concerns σχέσεων (εμπόριο, επενδύσεων). Ήτοι οι τάσεις αυτές:

 Δημογραφία /Μετανάστευση migration  Κλιματική αλλαγή (GR-Coastal state) By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS  IT - Ψηφιακή Harvard Μεταλλαγή (Συμπεριφορά, ατομική, κοινωνική, University, Graduate School of Design, Student, διακυβέρνηση, εμπόριο, οικονομία)By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture  Geopolitic Technical University of Crete  Geoeconomic Trends κ.α. απαιτούν συνεχή αναπροσαρμογή της οικονομικής στρατηγικής των 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept «ΘΕΣΜΩΝ» & ΑΓΟΡΑΣ) 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancientDefining Greek Το κατωτέρωthe διάγραμμα είναι philosopher, ενδεικτικό της πολυπλοκότητος των ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444great BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left he established the πολιτικοοικονομικών σχὲσεων των us, διαφόρων κρατώνaτης Ευρώπης: among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars and for various its1950, more Από την εποχή της Διακήρυξης του Ρομπέρτ Σουμάνfrom (9 Μαίου comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Παρίσι), η αρχή της αλληλεγγύης είναι η βάση της συνεργασίας και interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations theισχυροτὲρων phenomenon of thecategory following: αλληλοστήριξης των προς ταofασθενέστερα. In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueοικονομικά togentrification, a trend ofκρατών a new social groups («εξισσοροποιητικό χαρακτήρα» αυτής της ακρογωνιαίας για την ευρωπαϊκή to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money ολοκλήρωση αρχής). and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the term from ερμηνευόμενη Sociologist Ruth αρχή GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in κατά τον Σουμάν της αλληλεγγύης στην περίφημη sense1.H ofThe safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: διακήρυξη σημειώνει ότι,entertainment «Η Ευρώπη δεν δια μιας, ούτε services of του health, education, “at θα theδιαμορφωθεί heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for σε ένα συνολικό οικοδόμημα: θα διαμορφωθεί μέσα από συγκεκριμένα lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher. in the επιτεύγματα που θα δημιουργήσουν πρώτα μια πραγματική αλληλεγγύη» to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying Ωστόσο οποιαδήποτε προσπάθεια οικονομικής πολιτικής σε επίπεδο ΕΕ her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the initially of part of the urban web, in πρὲπει να λαμβάνει υπόψη της :Codepreciation 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order toμεταξύ achieve theκρατών “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Τις διαφορετικές δομές των μελών της ΕΕ-ενδεικτικά-

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

1.Συνταγματικές ανομοιομορφίες  Διοικητικά / Κυβερνητικά Συστήματα διαφόρων Δημοκρατικών Πολιτευμάτων1.  «Οικονομική» Διακυβέρνηση της ανοικτής αλλά «Κοινωνικής Οικονομίας της αγοράς.  Συμμετοχή (ή μη Συμμετοχή) στην Ευρωζώνη 19/27.  Συμμετοχή (ή μη Συμμετοχή)By σεMr. διεθνής οργανισμούς (ΗΕ, ΠΟΕ, ΟΟΣΑ, George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ΝΑΤΟ, η ad hoc, G-7, G-20). Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect

2.Κοινοοικονομικές ανισότητες / ευκαιρίες Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

3.Ασσύμετρες επιπτώσεις των παγκόσμιων τάσεων 1. Introductory approach:της Defining Η ΕΕ με αποφάσεις στις the 17 concept Δεκεμβρίου 2020 προέβλεψε ένα 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek «εκτεταμένο σχέδιοthe ανάκαμψης» για philosopher, την μετά COVID-19 περίοδο με βάση ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC,βιώσιμη, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the «έναν ισχυρό και σύγχρονο προϋπολογισμό της ΕΕ για μια πιο among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. ψηφιακή και δίκαιη Ευρώπη» συνολικού ύψους 1,8 τρις.ΕΥΡΩ, acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term συμπεριλαμβάνοντας και τις 6 προτεραιὸτητες της Επιτροπής Von der Leyen, 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 2019-24. (Ευρωπαϊκή πράσινη συμφωνία, Μετάβασηthe στην ψηφιακή εποχή, 1 (and urban gentrification gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various Οικονομία στην υπηρεσία των ανθρώπων, Ισχυρότερη Ευρώπη στον Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, of low-income andζωής, the placement there of κόσμο,Προώθηση του usually Ευρωπαϊκού τρόπου Νέα ώθηση γιαartists, την ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of ευρωπαϊκή Δημοκρατία). the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Εξ άλλου για τον συντονισμό, οι προβλεπὸμενοι 3 Πυλώνες potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to αφορούν: The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor  ΠΥΛΩΝΑΣ Ιtrend – Συνδρομή στην Ανάκαμψη για την Συνοχή και τις the then observed wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof περιοχές της Ευρώπης (REACT-EU,SURE). Στήριξη μιάς δίκαιης μετάβασης London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. (κοινωνικοοικονομικές επιπτώσεις στης περιφέρειες, διαρθρωτικές αλλαγές being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth σύμφωνα ευρωπαϊκή Πράσινη Συμφωνία). A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at με theτην same while similar in other major  ΠΥΛΩΝΑΣ ΙΙ Μέσο Στήριξης της Φερεγγυὸτητας (πληττόμενες GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. βιώσιμες επιχειρήσεις από τον COVID-19). Ενισχυμένο πρόγραμμα cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for InvestEU its more (περιλαμβάνεται ο Μηχανισμός Στρατηγικών Επενδύσεων. Πρόγραμμα για Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from την Υγεία (μελλοντικές απειλές κατά της Υγείας), rescEU/Μηχανισμός comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: Πολιτικής Προστασίας της ΕΕ is (έκτακτες ανάγκες κλίμακος). In a sense, theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trend of aμεγάλης new of social groups  ΠΥΛΩΝΑΣ ΙΙΙ Ενίσχυση άλλων προγραμμάτων (καταπολέμηση to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money πανδημίας, Έρευνα και Ανθρωπιστική Μετανάστευση and time to travel from theκαινοτομία, purlieus to downtown, whereΒοήθεια, work place is, lack of the και διαχείρηση συνόρων, νεολαία, προενταξιακή βοήθεια κ.α.) 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin,Σημειώνεται where she madeότι her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: τα entertainment κράτη Μέλη “at θα the πρέπει ναthe εκπονήσουν και services of health, education, heart of city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for υποβάλουν στην Ευρωπαïκή Επιτροπή για έγκριση βάσει τών δεδομένων lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where κριτηρίων, τα προσαρμοσμένα/αναθεωρημένα τους in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a«Προγράμματα systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 1 Βλ. εκτενώς: Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ: Το Δίκαιο της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης (Νέα G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Έκδοση), Αθήναι, 2012, σ. 7 επόμ., σ. 58 - 63.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Διάγραμμα βασικών σταδίων εφαρμογής Οικονομικής Πολιτικής Concerns (ενδεικτικό)

Ανάκαμψης και Ανθεκτικότητας» (Recovery and Resiliance Plans) μέχρι τις 30 Απριλίου 2021. ΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΙΚΟ ΕΠΙΠΕΔΟ

ΠΟΛΙΤΙΚΟ ΕΚΤΕΛΕΣΤΙΚΟ ΕΛΕΓΧΟΣ By Mr.ΕΠΙΠΕΔΟ George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ΕΠΙΠΕΔΟ ΕΚΤΕΛΕΣΗΣ/ Harvard University, Graduate School ofΑΞΙΟΛΟΓΗΣΗ Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect 1.Επιλογή 1.Εκλογή των 1.Έλεγχος εκτέλεσης Student of the School of Architecture πολιτικής: εκτελεστικών αποτελεσμάτων Technical University of Crete α.κοινωνική μέσων και φορέων 2.Έλεγχος

1. Επιλογή και καθορισμός των συγκεκριμένων επιδράσεων 1. Introductoryβ.συγκοινωνιακή approach: Defining2.Οργάνωση the concept γ.ενεργειακή πολιτικών 3.Υλική 3. Σύγκριση 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, - 370 BC, Athens), 2.ANTISTHENIS, Εκλογή των δ.γεωργική εκτέλεση/εφαρμογή Κόστους/Ωφέλειας ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the ε.ανταγωνισμός περιοχών των μέτρων 4. -“principle”: among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. εφαρμογής στ.περιβαλλοντική κτλ Αποτελεσματικότητα acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term των μέτρων Κτλ.on this …..

1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Σημείωση: Ενδείκνειται η μέγιστη δυνατή ποσοτικοποίηση και εκπόνηση Sociology as well), asσε the “refining” of a city fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually low-income andthe theremoval placement χρονοδιαγραμμάτων όλες τιςofφάσεις του area, διαγράμματος. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the Η συζήτηση ανέδειξε ως κινδύνους, κυρίως τις αρνητικές επιπτώσεις whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relativeλόγω speculation). στην οικονομία της απρόβλεπτης και μη ελέγξιμης πανδημίας COVID-19. potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first the UKκρίσης in early 1960s and it refers to Προκάλεσε όχι μόνο την στασιμότητα μεinαπειλή της παραγωγής, αλλά The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor και γενικότερη απραξία και αβεβαιότητα. το αρνητικό κλίμαareas έγινεof theμια then observed trend of wealthy people toΑυτό buy property in poor London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are εντονότερο εντός them, της ΕΕ, των παλινωδιών του ‘’BREXIT’’ ωςresidents προς την London, upgrade stayλόγω themselves sometimes there and thus old are being indirectly “squeezed”. ευρωπαϊκή ολοκλήρωση, καθώς και οι ακραίες τοποθετήσεις των being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ευρωσκεπτικιστών πολιτικών κινήσεων και κομμάτων. A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Περαιτέρω οι period, ακραίες θέσεις των λαϊκιστών, προβαλλόμενες από GLASS at the same while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. μερίδα τύπου, δημιούργησαν δημιουργούν εσφαλμένες εντυπώσεις cities inτου Western countries, bypreoccupied other και Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more στηνSince κοινή γνώμη, αντλώντας επιχειρήματα, το προ του its1950, then, the issue has severalαπό scholars andthe for more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from various βεβαρημένο παρελθόν της Ευρώπης ή επίκαιρα μεταναστευτικά προβλήματα comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: (π.χ. interpretations theξενοφοβία). phenomenon thecategory following: InΓερμανοφοβία, a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Από την άλλη πλευρά απεδείχθη, ότι πράγματι σε περιόδους κρίσεων, η to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money ΕΕ βρίσκει σχετικά γρήγορα συναινετικές απαντήσεις και αποδεκτές and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lackλύσεις, of the όπως π.χ. στις μεγαλύτερες κρίσεις της περασμένης 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASSδεκαετίας wasbetter born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin, where she made δημοσίου her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: (χρηματοοικονομική χρέους, πανδημία). services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Με άλλα παρά τις κριτικές και τα εμπόδια ηcame «αλληλεγγύη» και η lower living costλόγια of, in “withdrawal” from private access to markets, etc. studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she back to London, where οικονομική συνεργασία μεταξύ των κρατών μελών, αποδίδουν. in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where sheομοίως continued her social research.υλοποίηση Her public Θέμαinformal κριτικής αποτέλεσε και η έγκαιρη και and η long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. εναρμόνιση των προτεραιοτήτων των κρατών μελών στο πλαίσιο εκείνων της and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: καθώς και οinελλειπής ελέγχου επιτυχίας των οικονομικών Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aΕΕ, variety of ways, order Abstract. to βαθμός achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

προγραμμάτων. Η «απορροφητικότητα» των διατιθέμενων χρηματικών πόρων, δεν πρέπει να αποτελεί ποσοτικό αυτοσκοπό μεγιστοποίησης, αλλά ποιοτικής παραγωγικής επένδυσης. Διευκρινίστηκε λόγω των σχετικών ερωτήσεων, ότι οι Ευρωπαϊκές Ενότητες καθώς και το ΝΑΤΟ, θα λειτουργήσουν θετικά στην εξομάλυνση των διενέξεων των γειτόνων Ελλάδας και Τουρκίας, προς όφελος της σταθερότητας, αναγκαίας για οποιαδήποτε προσπάθεια οικονομικής By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ανάκαμψης. Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Συμπερασματικά φαίνεται, ότιByτοMr. έλλειμμα καλύψεως και υιοθετήσεως George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect των Ευρωπαϊκών Πρωτοβουλιών για την ανασύνταξη και αναδιάρθρωση της Student of the School of Architecture Ευρωπαϊκής Οικονομίας (‘’RESET’’) απαιτεί: βαθιάTechnical και έγκαιρη ενημέρωση University of Crete καθώς και συνειδητοποίηση της πολυπλοκότητας της και συνεχή 1. Introductoryκαι approach: Defining the concept παρακολούθηση διόρθωση εσφαλμένων χειρισμών από φορείς θεσμικούς, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), αλλά και από τους συντελεστές της αγοράς. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Στο πλαίσιο αυτό εντάσσεται και η προετοιμασία του BC, ελληνικού among other wise «ανάκαμψης heritage leftthe us, he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with definition of the content concepts. προγράμματος και ανθεκτικότητας» Greece2.0 acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term https://greekreporter.com/2021/04/14/greece-2-0-greek-economic1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first,στην if (in notεπιτροπή final, approach, the term gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification recovery-plan-post-pandemic/ που στηρίχθηκε Πισσαρίδη και 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various το οποίο αποτελεί αντικείμενο εγκρίσεως σύμφωνα με τις διαδικασίες της Sociology asΕπιτροπής. well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement Ευρωπαϊκής ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Ο δρόμος τηςgalleries, επιτυχίας του ‘’RESET’’ απαιτεί άμεσες κινήσεις ενεργειών the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the και καινοτόμων ιδεών από όλους τους φορείς της οικονομίας. Η επίγνωση ωςof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential εκ τούτουrelative της πραγματικότητος των δυνατοτήτων ελλείψεων και ευκαιρειών potential relative speculation). term gentrification found at first inπαραμένει the UK in early 1960s and it refers to πουThe χαράζουν το μέλλονisτης Ευρώπης, να προσδιορισθεί. Στην The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor λογική αυτή εντάσσεται και η διάσκεψη για το μέλλον της Ευρώπης, που the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof ξεκίνησε τον Απρίλιο 2021 με πρωτοβουλία της there Ευρωπαϊκής και London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thusΕπιτροπής old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. εμπλοκή όλων “squeezed”. των οργανωμένων φορέων της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης και being indirectly A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth κυρίως των πολιτών της. https://ec.europa.eu/info/strategy/priorities-2019A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major 2024/new-push-european-democracy/conference-future-europe_en GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Βιβλιογραφικές παραπομπές: Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized 1. KLAUS SCHWAB, THIERRY MALLERET: Covid-19: The from Great Reset, Form comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations publishing, 2020of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a2.sense, theof phenomenon is dueWITHOUT togentrification, a trendCOMPASS? of a new of socialΚΕΜΕΑ, groups THEODOROS A. KALLIANOS: ΧΩΡΙΣ ΠΥΞΙΔΑ; to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money ΑΘΗΝΑΙ, 2019 (σελ.36-41 και 230-239). and time travel fromCOMMISSION: the purlieus to downtown, place is, lack of the 3. to EUROPEAN Recovery planwhere for work Europe, στον ιστότοπο: 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search https://ec.europa.eu/info/strategy/recovery-plan-europe _en στις 14/4/2021 Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: 4. of M.LEVITT+CHR. LORD:entertainment THE POLITICAL MONETARY UNION, services health, education, “atECONOMY the heart OF of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for LONDON, 2000. lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, 5. ΚΡΗΤΙΚΟΣ ΑΛΕΚΟΣ :Πολιτική Συνοχής στην In Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση: Η επόμενη in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and μέρα μετά την πανδημία, ΕΛΙΑΜΕΠ, 2021 στον ιστότοπο: long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. https://www.eliamep.gr/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Policy-paper-65and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Kritikos.pdf G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Ιωσήφ Λιβεράλης (1819-1899) GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Βιογραφική και μουσικολογική προσέγγιση βάσει των Definition, Types of ευρημάτων intervention, Concerns of Gentrification πρόσφατων αρχειακών ConcernsΤου Δρος Αθαν. ΤΡΙΚΟΥΠΗ Αναπλ. Καθηγ. Τμήμ. Μουσ. Σπουδών

Ιωαννίνων By Mr. George-Sp. C. Παν/μίου ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Ο συνθέτης, πιανίστας και By παιδαγωγός Ιωσήφ Λιβεράλης /Architect Joseph of the School Architecture (Giuseppe) Liberali γεννήθηκε στην ΚέρκυραStudent το 1819. Ήταν γιοςofτου Ιταλού Technical University of Crete αρχιμουσικού της Αγγλικής Φρουράς στην Κέρκυρα Domenico Liberali και της

Ζακυνθίας Αικατερίνης Μηλιοράτη. Μεγαλύτερος αδελφός του υπήρξε ο πρόωρα 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept χαμένος συνθέτης, αρχιμουσικός και ιδρυτικό μέλος της Φιλαρμονικής Εταιρείας 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370Μάντζαρου, BC, Athens), Κερκύρας, ένας από the τους αγαπημένους μαθητές του Νικόλαου ο ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC,μουσικές Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the Αντώνιος Λιβεράλης (1814-1842). Ο Ιωσήφ Λιβεράλης ξεκίνησε τις among other wise στον heritage he left us, he established a great the acquisition of δίπλα knowledge starts with the definition of the content of“principle”: concepts. σπουδές του αδελφό του και στον Μάντζαρο. Ακολούθως συνέχισε acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term στο Κονσερβατόριο της Νάπολης. Ο Σπύρος Μοτσενίγος αναφέρει ότι σπούδασε 1 (and urban therefore, on this inτο a first, notthe final, approach, term 1“principle” gentrification) indicated (in area of Planning) (or gentrification και Based, στο Ωδείο του Μιλάνου. Επέστρεψεis 1840if στην Κέρκυρα και τοthe1841 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various διορίσθηκε υπαρχιμουσικός στην αρτισύστατη Φιλαρμονική (υποδιδάσκαλος του Sociology as well), the “refining” of a εξ cityαρχής area, fromthere this, (in various 2as ways), of Σώματος), social groups, usually low-income andthe theremoval placement artists, Αστικού στην οποίαofδίδαξε ενόργανη μουσική καιof μετά το ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of artΜετά galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, of 1849 θεωρητικά. το θάνατο του αδελφού του, τον Ιανουάριο regardless του 1842, ο the operation art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of “change”, land (and theof Μάντζαρος τονofεπέλεξε για αρχιμουσικό. Κατά τη δεκαετία τουprices 1840 και στις whatever otherspeculation). consequences resultsεργάστηκε also risingκαι of ως land prices (andτου the potential αρχές τηςrelative δεκαετίας του 1850 ο has, Λιβεράλης ιμπρεσάριος potential relative speculation). The term found at first in the οUK in early 1960s it refers to θεάτρου Sangentrification Giacomo της isΚέρκυρας. Το 1851 Λιβεράλης και οand μαθητής του, The term gentrification foundως atpeople first in the UK in early– 1960s and refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy todibuy property in poor Δημήτριος Αγαθίδης, αναφέρονται direttori orchestra maestri al itareas cembalo the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy in Κέρκυρας. poor areas 3 of London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thusτης old residents are στην παράσταση των Lombardi του Verdi που έγινε στοproperty Θέατρο London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Ο Λιβεράλης, ως ιμπρεσάριος του θεάτρου της Κέρκυρας είχε επισκεφτεί being indirectly “squeezed”. 4 A description of this phenomenon included in προς the work of Sociologist αποδεδειγμένα τουλάχιστον δύο φορέςisτην Bologna ανεύρεση θιάσου. Ruth Στην A description ofperiod, this phenomenon isότι included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS atαυτοβιογραφία the same while similar situations in other major ανέκδοτη του αναφέρει συναντήθηκε το 1846 στην Bologna GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major 5 με τον Gioachino Rossini by (1792-1868), ο οποίος τον εκτίμησε ιδιαίτερα. Το cities in Western countries, other Researchers. cities in μάλλον Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. γεγονός επαληθεύεται από μία αναμνηστική κάρτα από αρχεία της Since then, the issue has several scholars andταfor its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various 1 interpretations of Σπύρος the phenomenon ofΜουσική. gentrification, following: Μοτσενίγος Γ., Νεοελληνική Συμβολήthe εις την Ιστορίαν της, Αθήνα 1958, of the phenomenon thecategory following: In aΔυστυχώς sense, the phenomenon is dueof togentrification, aδεν trend of aναnew of social groups σ.interpretations 224. η πληροφορία του Μοτσενίγου μπορεί επαληθευτεί διότι στο Αρχείο του Κονσερβατόριου του Μιλάνου δεν σώζονται μαθητολόγια πριν το 1847. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money 2 «Πρακτικό Φιλαρμονικής where Εταιρείας», Κέρκυρα στο and time to travelΣυνέλευσης from theΕπιτροπής purlieusτης to downtown, work place3/15-6-1841 is, lack of the Μοτσενίγειο Αρχείο (εφεξής ΜΑ), Εθνική Βιβλιοθήκη της Ελλάδος (εφεξής ΕΒΕ), Φ. 575α. 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in sense of 3 safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better Temistocle Solera, GiuseppeIn(1813-1901), I lombardi alla prima study crociata: da Berlin, where she made herVerdi, first studies. 1932 she published an important entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany anddiafter continuous rappresentarsi nel Nobile Teatro Comunale di Corfù nelle stagioni autunno 1851 e carnevale 1852,for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, Tipografia Scheria, Corfùin1851. 4 she published in According 1943 studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher the to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and “Teatri”, Teatri, arti e letteratura, έτ. 24, τόμ. 45, τεύχ. 1175, Bologna 13/8/1846, σ. 192in και University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying “Agenzie Teatrali”, Teatri, arti e letteratura, έτ. 28, τόμ. 53, τεύχ. 1325, Bologna 11/5/1850, σ. 79. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 5 Τάκης Ελλήνων Ιωσήφ Λιβεράλης», απόκομμα and selling realΛάππας, estate,«Μορφές etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web,από in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd.Μουσουργών. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: άγνωστο περιοδικό, Κομοτηνή 2/1955, σ. 8 και 28 στο Βιογραφία Ιωσήφ Λιμπεράλλη G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

(Ελευθεριάδη), ΜΑ ΕΒΕ, Φ. 629/Γ1.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

ΦΕΚ, η οποία φέρει μία χειρόγραφη μελωδική μινιατούρα του Rossini με την υπογραφή του και την ένδειξη «Bologna 10 Agosto 1846”.6 Πιθανώς η σχέση των δύο ανδρών να ξεκίνησε από την εκλογή του τελευταίου ως επιτίμου μέλους της Φιλαρμονικής Εταιρείας Κέρκυρας το 1842. Άλλωστε ο Ιωσήφ Λιβεράλης διετέλεσε αρχιμουσικός της Εταιρείας από τον Ιανουάριο του 1842 έως το 1853.7 Το 1852 εγκαταστάθηκε στη Ζάκυνθο, όπου εργάστηκε ως καθηγητής πιάνου, αλλά και ως μαέστρος στο Θέατρο της Ζακύνθου. Εκεί παντρεύτηκε τη By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS μαθήτριά του, Αικατερίνη Χαριάτη. Το 1870 μετέβη στην Πάτρα, όπου επίσης Harvard Graduate School of Design, Student, ασχολήθηκε με τη διδασκαλία τουUniversity, πιάνου. Στην Πάτρα παρέμεινε τουλάχιστον By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect για 16 χρόνια. Ο Πατρινός Τύπος της εποχής τον εγκωμιάζει χαρακτηρίζοντάς τον of theεπίσης School γίνονται of Architecture ως ικανό και ακούραστο μουσικοδιδάσκαλο.Student Αναφορές για Technical University of Crete πιανιστικές συνθέσεις του που εκδίδονται από ιταλικούς εκδοτικούς οίκους και είναι αφιερωμένεςapproach: σε Πατρινούς του.8 Σε προχωρημένη ηλικία 1. Introductory Definingμαθητές the concept ξαναγύρισε στη Ζάκυνθο, όπου Defining και πέθανε τοconcept 1899. 1. Introductory approach: the ANTISTHENIS, the ancient philosopher, (444στις BC Βρυξέλλες - 370 BC, Athens), Έργα του εκδόθηκαν στηνGreek Ιταλία, στην Ελλάδα, και στο ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Παρίσι. Το πρώτο του μελόδραμα, που γράφτηκε πάνω σε ιταλικό κείμενο του among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Γεράσιμου Μαρκορά, έφερε τον τίτλο Ρήγας Φεραίος. Για πολιτικούς λόγους δεν acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term επετράπη στην εποχή του η παρουσίασή του στην Κέρκυρα, παρά μόνο 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification επίλεκτων αποσπασμάτων που ερμηνεύθηκαν στο Θέατρο San Giacomo. Επίσης 1 (and urban gentrification) gentrification is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various έγραψε την όπερα Μάρκος Μπότσαρης, της οποίας η πρώτη πράξη Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually ofτο low-income the placement there ofτενόρο, artists, παρουσιάστηκε στην Κέρκυρα 1857, τηνand καντάτα για σοπράνο, ways), ofκαι social groups, usually of κείμενο low-income and thethis there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.αγνώστου However “change”, regardless of χορωδία ορχήστρα σε ιταλικό μεplacement τίτλο Η επιστροφή του the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this “change”, regardless whatever other has,τουρκικού results rising ofτη land prices Κανάρη μετά την πυρπόλησιν του στόλου και δυωδία με(and τίτλοthe Οof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential speculation). Αλής και οrelative Τζαβέλας. Η προαναφερθείσα θεματολογία αποδεικνύει την επίδραση potential relative speculation). The term gentrification at first in the UKκαι in early 1960s and it refers to που άσκησε στον συνθέτη is η found ελληνική επανάσταση γενικότερα η προσπάθεια The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto 9 the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor του ελληνικού έθνους για την παλιγγενεσία. the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof Μία άγνωστη πτυχή του συνθέτη είναι ότι υπήρξε δεινός σκακιστής. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Μάλιστα, το περιοδικό Brooklyn Chess Chronicle, που δημοσίευσε σκακιστικά του being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon included in the work of τεύχος Sociologist προβλήματα, εμπεριέχει κατά εντελώςis ασυνήθιστο τρόπο στο της Ruth 15ης A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere theστη work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded inενός other major Νοεμβρίου 1884 μια ελεγεία του για πιάνο, αφιερωμένη μνήμη μεγάλου GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more 6 comprehensive approach are being summarized from Η μελωδία, γραμμένη για φωνή και πιάνο, αποτελεί μία από τις πολλές μελοποιήσεις που comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of“Mi gentrification, the following: έχει αφήσει ο συνθέτης πάνω στους στίχους: lagnerò tacendo / della mia sorte amara, ah! / Ma interpretations of gentrification, thecategory following: Innon a sense, phenomenon is due to aMetastasio. trend of aΒλ. new of social groups ch'io t'ami, othe cara, /the nonphenomenon lo sperar da me.”of του ΜΑ ΕΒΕ, Φ. 575α/Β27-30. 7 Πέτρος Γ. Γιοχάλας, «Σημειώσεις περί της Φιλαρμονικής Εταιρίας Εκ του to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: highΚερκύρας. costs in money αναμνηστικού τεύχους της 50ετηρίδος της 1840-1890 του συγγραφέντος υπό του αειμνήστου and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the καθηγητού Σ. Παπαγεωργίου», ΜΑ residencies ΕΒΕ, Ruth Φ. 576/Δ1 και Σπυρίδων Παπαγεώργιος, Επί τηin 1.of The term from Sociologist GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS for wasbetter born sense safety atcomes the distributed outside town centres, search πεντηκονταετηρίδι εν Κερκύρα Εταιρίας. κατά τηνan Φιλαρμονικήν Εταιρίαν από Berlin, where sheτης made her firstΦιλαρμονικής studies. In 1932 she Τα published important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. The same year sheτυπ. left Ανέστη Germany and after continuous της συστάσεως μέχρι της σήμερον 1840-1890, Κωνσταντινίδου, Αθήνα 1890, σ. 10. 8 lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.στην studies Ανδριόπουλος and research inΠαναγιώτης, Geneva, Prague, London and New sheκαι came back toμουσικοί London, where «Ιταλοί Μουσικοί στηνYork Πάτρα Πατρινοί in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher in the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and Ιταλία (19ος – αρχές 20ού αι.)», ανακοίνωση στο Διεθνές Συμπόσιο με θέμα Πολιτισμική University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying αλληλογονιμοποίηση Νότιας Ιταλίας και Δυτικής Ελλάδας μέσα από την Ιστορία, Περιφέρεια her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Δυτικής Ελλάδος, Πάτρα 2007. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 9 Λεωτσάκος Γιώργος, Σπύρος Σαμάρας (1861-1917). Ο μεγάλος αδικημένος της έντεχνης G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually ελληνικής μουσικής, Μουσείο Μπενάκη, Αθήνα 2013, σ. 123 και 334-338.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Αμερικανού σκακιστή, του Paul Charles Morphy (1837-1884), που πέθανε τον Ιούλιο του ίδιου έτους.10 Ο Λιβεράλης υπήρξε φίλος του Διονυσίου Σολωμού (1798-1857), του Ανδρέα Μουστοξύδη (1785-1860) και του Ιουλίου Τυπάλδου (1814-1883). Στην αυτοβιογραφία του ο Λιβεράλης αναφέρει το εξής περιστατικό: «Ηγάπα (ο Σολωμός) υπερβολικά την μουσικήν. Ενθυμούμαι ότι εις τον επιτάφιον μιας μεγάλης Παρασκευής εγώ και ο ποιητής ακολουθούσαμεν την μουσικήν της Byεθαύμαζα Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS φιλαρμονικής. Ιδών ο ποιητής ότε εγώ διότι ακολούθει καθ’ όλον τον University, School Design, Student, δρόμον πλησίον μου, μούHarvard είπε: “Σε τιμώ διαGraduate να τιμήσω την ofτέχνην και να σε By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect εκτιμήσουν”. Τον ηρώτησα αν το πένθιμον εμβατήριον το οποίον έπαιζεν η Student of the School ofμεArchitecture Φιλαρμονική του ήρεσε (ηγνόει ότι ήτο έργον μου) και μου απήντησε γλυκείαν Technical University of Crete πραότητα: “Είναι πολύ συγκινητικόν, αλλά δεν είναι έργον μεγάλου διδασκάλου, είναι νεανικόν έργον και υποθέτω ιδικόνthe σου”. Όταν το 1846 επέστρεψα από την 1. Introductory approach: Defining concept Βολωνίαν, του είπα ότι ο Ροσσίνι μ’ εξετίμησε πολύ και με ήθελε πάντοτε πλησίον 1. Introductory approach: the concept ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), του.ANTISTHENIS, Ο Σολωμός μου the απήντησε: “Φαίνεται ότι εκείνη (444 η μεγαλοφυΐα εύρεν εις σε ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the εκείνο, το οποίον εγώ ακόμη προσπαθώ ν’ ανακαλύψω”.» among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Στα μέσα του 19ου αιώνα, οι Επτανήσιοι περνούν στο επόμενο επίπεδο acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term πραγμάτωσης εθνικής μουσικής μέσω της χρήσης υλικού από την ελληνική 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification δημοτική μουσική. Το Ξύπνημα του Κλέφτη, Αναμνήσεις ελληνικών δημοτικών 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various τραγουδιών σε μορφή παραλλαγών για πιάνο (Le Réveil du Klépht, Souvenirs des Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), social groups, of low-income and the placement artists, chants of populaires de la usually Grèce variés pour le piano) γράφτηκε τοthere 1847.ofΤο έργο ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of ανακάλυψε ο μουσικολόγος Γιώργος Λεωτσάκος στηthe βιβλιοθήκη τουthere Ωδείου Luigi the operation art galleries, etc.also However this whatever other consequences has, results rising of “change”, land prices (and theof Cherubini της of Φλωρεντίας τοrestaurants, 1994, σε έκδοση του οίκου Lucca τουregardless Μιλάνου. whatever other consequences also rising και of land prices (andστη the potential relative speculation). Στην έκδοση αναφέρεται ότι has, το results έργο συντέθηκε αφιερώθηκε potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at firstτον in the UK in early andτης it refers to Φιλαρμονική Εταιρεία Κέρκυρας από Δάσκαλο και 1960s Μέλος Ιωσήφ The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers 11 the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of Λιβεράλη. Το Ξύπνημα του Κλέφτη μπορεί να χαρακτηριστεί ως μία πρώτηto the then observed trend of wealthy people to there buy την property in poor areas London, upgrade them, themselves sometimes andίδια thus old residents Ελληνική Ραψωδία γιαstay πιάνο. Γράφεται ακριβώς περίοδο με are τιςof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Ουγγρικές Ραψωδίες (1846-1853) του Franz Liszt (1811-1886), τις οποίες δεν being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of thisαφού phenomenon in the SociologistμεRuth γνωρίζει ο Λιβεράλης αρχίζουν isναincluded εκδίδονται τοwork 1851.ofΣύμφωνα τον A description ofοperiod, this phenomenon is situations included the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar were in Γιάννη Ιωαννίδη, Λιβεράλης συλλαμβάνει ωςin μουσουργός τοother είδοςmajor της GLASS atδηλαδή the same while similar situations wereανεξάρτητων recorded in other major cities in Western countries, other Researchers. Ραψωδίας, το period, είδοςby της κατά διαδοχή συρραφής μελωδιών, cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars andσεfor its more και καινοτομεί τόσο σε επίπεδο ελληνικής μουσικής, όσο και παγκόσμιο Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andότι forσυνέθεσε its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various επίπεδο.12 Δύο χρόνια αργότερα, το 1849, ο Λιβεράλης αναφέρει comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: 10 interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of aLiterature, new ofMacmillan, social groups Wainwright Michael, Faulkner’s Gambit. Chess and Palgrave New York 2011, σ. 51. Ο τίτλος του έργου είναι Ai scacchisti Americani: “una lagrima” tomba to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costssulla in money dell’immortale scacchista Americano Paolo Morphy: pensiero where elegiacowork per piano-forte G. Liberali. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, place is,dilack of the Το χειρόγραφο, από την Πάτρα (Patrasso), που χρονολογείται από τις 5 Οκτωβρίου 1884, βρίσκεται 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better στις Η.Π.Α., http://www.worldcat.org/wcidentities/lccn-no2006061771. Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services 11 of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The (επιμ.), same year sheυπό leftτον Germany continuous movements Λεωτσάκος Γιώργος Λύχνος μόδιον.and Έργαafter για πιάνο: για 2 χέρια και για 4for lower living cost Αθήνα of, in “withdrawal” private access markets, etc.where studies andMusic, research Geneva, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, χέρια, Panas 2012, σ. Prague, 24-27.from 12 she published in According 1943 studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher the to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and Γιάννης Ιωαννίδης, «Το Ξύπνημα του Κλέφτη του Ιωσήφ Λιβεράλη και η σημασίαin του University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying στην ιστορία της έντεχνης ελληνικής μουσικής», εισαγωγική ομιλία σε μουσική βραδιά που her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. διοργάνωσε ηreal Ελληνική Αποστολή τουLondon Στρατιωτικού καιofΝοσοκομειακού Τάγματος and selling estate,Μεγάλη etc., for theCodepreciation initially part of the urban web,της in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Ιερουσαλήμ και το Φιλανθρωπικό Σωματείο «Ο Άγιος Λάζαρος της Ιερουσαλήμ», Ίδρυμα Β. & Μ. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

Θεοχαράκη, Αθήνα 29 Απριλίου 2014.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

διάφορα έργα βασιζόμενος στα «ωραιότερα και θελκτικότερα εκ των παρθενικών του έθνους ασμάτων», διατυπώνοντας με σαφήνεια τις θέσεις και τις προθέσεις του.13 Τον Αύγουστο του 1846, ο Λιβεράλης εκδίδει στον οίκο του Francesco Lucca (1802- 1872) στο Μιλάνο το έργο του Gran Fantasia di Concerto per Piano Forte sopra alcuni motivi nell’Opera “I Lombardi” del Mo Verdi. Το έργο φέρει ιδιαίτερες τεχνικές και ερμηνευτικές απαιτήσεις και έμμεσα καταδεικνύει την Byδημιουργού Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS πιανιστική εκτελεστική δεινότητα του του. C. Αξίζει να αναφερθεί ότι Harvard University, Schoolηofπρώτη Design, Student, τον Νοέμβριο του 1852 εκδίδεται πάλι από Graduate τον οίκο Lucca Φαντασία Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect του μαθητή του Λιβεράλη και επίσηςByδεξιοτέχνη πιανίστα, Δημητρίου Αγαθίδη, the School of Architecture πάνω σε Όπερα Ιταλού συνθέτη (Fantasia perStudent Piano of Forte sopra alcuni motivi Technical University Crete 14 dell'Opera “La regina di Leone” del M.° Villanis). Η επιρροή του Λιβεράληofείναι φανερή και μόνο από τον τίτλο. Ας μηνthe ξεχνάμε επίσης, ότι τον Μάιο του 1851 1. Introductory approach: Defining concept έχει 1. προηγηθεί η έκδοση μιας άλλης Φαντασίας του το πρώτο του έργο Introductory approach: the conceptΑγαθίδη, the Fantasia ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 - 370 BC, Athens), πουANTISTHENIS, εκδίδεται, με τίτλο per Pianoforte sopra unaBC Mazurka originale, η ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the οποία φέρει την αφιέρωση: «Dedicata al suo Mo G. Liberali» (αφιερωμένη στον among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition ofΙ.knowledge with of the content concepts. the 15 δάσκαλό του Λιβεράλη).starts acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term Όσον αφορά τη διάδοση και την αποδοχή που είχε η συνθετική δημιουργία 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification του Ιωσήφ Λιβεράλη στην ευρύτερη περιοχή της δυτικής Ευρώπης στην εποχή 1 (and urban gentrification gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various του, η έρευνα αποδεικνύει ότι έργα του εκδόθηκαν στην Ιταλία από τον οίκο G. Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement of artists, Canti, Milano [ενδεικτικά αναφέρεται: La Fanciulla Ateniese. Polkathere per Pianoforte ways), ofαπό social groups, of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation ofτον art galleries, etc. However “change”, regardless of (6612)], οίκοusually D.restaurants, Vismara, Milano [ενδεικτικά αναφέρεται: Una the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever has, resultsRomantico also rising ofPianoforte land prices (and the Passeggiataother sulle consequences Sponde del Lago. Pensiero per (8104)] καιof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of Fantasia land prices (and the potential relative speculation). από τον οίκο F. Lucca, Milano [ενδεικτικά αναφέρονται: Gran di Concerto potential relative speculation). term gentrification is found first in the IUK in early 1960s and(5130), it refersLe to perThe Pianoforte sopra alcuni motiviatdell’Opera Lombardi di Verdi The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of Réveil du Klépht. Souvenirs des chants populaires de la Gréce, variés pour Pianoto the then observed trend of wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and L’Espagnole. thus old residents areof (6339), Les Demoiselles de Corfù. Polkasometimes pour Piano (6399), Redowa London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Mazurka pour Piano (7079), Rosina. Redowa per Pianoforte (8082), Guarda che being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth bianca luna. Serenata perphenomenon due voci in chiave di Sol con accomp. di Flauto e A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in 13 Western countries, by other Researchers. Κώστας Καρδάμης, «Οι μουσικές ταυτότητες της Επτανήσου: θεωρήσεις και cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and forΠρακτικά its more αναθεωρήσεις μέσα the από issue την νεότερη έρευνα» στο Αλίκη Δ. Νικηφόρου (επιμ.), Θ΄ Since then, has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from Πανιονίου Συνεδρίου (Παξοί 26- 30/5/2010), Εταιρεία Παξινών Μελετών, τόμ. Β΄, Παξοί 2014, 246. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various 14 interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, theαποτελούν following: Οι πιανιστικές διασκευές των συγκεκριμένων συνθετών και ένα ουσιαστικό interpretations theτου phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueέργου togentrification, a trend of aδιαμονής new ofτην social groups τεκμήριο της παρουσίασης πρωτότυπου στον τόπο τους κατά περίοδο που γράφονται οι διασκευές. Πράγματι η Όπερα I Lombardi του Verdi παρουσιάστηκε στο Θέατρο San to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Giacomo της Κέρκυρας κατά την καλλιτεχνική περίοδο 1845-46 και το La regina di Leone του Angelo and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Villanis τοsafety 1851. Βλ. Έντεχνη Ελληνική Μουσική στους χρόνους, 1.of The termat comes fromΡωμανού, Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruthνεότερους GLASS for was born in sense theΚαίτη distributed residencies outside town centres, search better Κουλτούρα, Αθήνα 95-96. Ο Ιταλός In συνθέτης Angelo Villanisan(Torino 1821study – Astientitled: 1865) Berlin, where she2006, madeσ. her first studies. 1932 she published important services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth 9 Unemployment. The same yearστην she εποχή left Germany έγραψε όπερες που παρουσιάστηκαν του, απόand το after 1849 continuous έως το 1865, σε διάφοραfor lower living cost (στο of, in “withdrawal” from private car access to markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and Neweasier York she came back to London, θέατρα της Ιταλίας Τορίνο, στη Βενετία και στο Μιλάνο). Τρίτη στη σειρά είναι η Όπερα La in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and Regina di Leone που παρουσιάστηκε για πρώτη φορά στο Teatro Apollo στη Βενετία στιςin 22 University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Φεβρουαρίου 1851. Βλ. Corrado Ambìveri, Operisti minori dell'ottocento Italiano, Gremese Editore, her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Ρώμη 1998, σ. 156. and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 15 Inventario OLD 66475, Collocazione MISC.MUS. 12428, Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana, G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Βενετία.

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competence of state affairs in their Region, based on Article 101 of current Constitution.3 Abolition of the 13 Regions of the Government Decree of 6/3/1987. 13 new Regions come in their place (Organizations of second grade local government) along with the municipalities (Organizations of first grade) as an expression of popular sovereignty, they consist a fundamental institution of the Greek public life, 4 and the as guaranteed by the provisions of Article 102 of the current Constitution ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΟ ΑΝΟΙΚΤΟ ΠΑΝΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΙΟ ΣΤΕΡΕΑΣ By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS European Charter of Local Self-Government.5 ΠΑΝΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΙΟ ΕΛΛΑΔΑΣ Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Abolition 1/1/2011 of the Prefecture, Local Government of second grade, ΣΧΟΛΗfrom ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΩΝ ΤΜΗΜΑ ΠΕΡΙΦΕΡΕΙΑΚΗΣ By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect ΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΩΝ ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΙΚΗΣ ΑΝΑΠΤΥΞΗΣ of thewas School Architecture as it was provided by Law 1622/1986 (whichStudent ultimately not of implemented

GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

ΠΡΟΓΡΑΜΜΑ ΣΠΟΥΔΩΝ

Technical University of Crete Λουκάς ΖΑΧΕΙΛΑΣ

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 3.ΔΙΟΙΚΗΣΗ Article 101 ofΤΟΥΡΙΣΤΙΚΩΝ current Constitution 1975/1986/2001/2008: 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Η επίδραση Πλαισίου ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444του BCΕθνικού - 370 BC, Athens), ñ State’s administration is organized according to theΠροσόντων decentralizedστα system. ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΗΣΕΩΝ συστήματα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wisedivision heritage hecountry left us,ishe established a great “principle”: the ñ Administrative of the formed on the basis of geo-economic, social and εκπαίδευσης και κατάρτισης και στηthe among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: transport conditions. acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Κωνστ. ΠΑΠΑΓΙΑΝΝΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ βελτιστοποίηση της σχέσης τους μεofτην ñ Regional of starts the State generally have decisive competence issues their acquisition ofInstitutions knowledge with theindefinition the content ofon concepts. Based, therefore, on “principle” acases, first, if of not final, approach, the term Pianoforte (27353), La this danza streghe. Allegro fantastico di bravura per αγορά εργασίας province. Central Government, apartdelle from special has the general direction, coordination 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated aFantasia first, if (in not final, approach, the term (andΑΝΑΠΤΥΞΗ: urban is the area ofper Planning) (or gentrification and ΤΟΥΡΙΣΤΙΚΗ control (29249), of legitimacy of thegentrification) Regional as provided law. Pianoforte Carnevale di institutions Venezia. diby Concerto Pianoforte 1 (andIlurban gentrification gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or ñ Common legislator and Administration, when they act normative, they are obliged to take Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Η ΠΕΡΙΠΤΩΣΗ ΤΟΥ (29250), ΔΗΜΟΥ ΔΙΟΥ pei giovanetti pianisti L’artista avvilito. ΔΙΔΑΚΤΟΡΙΚΗ Andante elegiacoΔΙΑΤΡΙΒΗ per Pianoforte into account the special conditions of island and mountainous areas, ensuring their growth. Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, of low-income and the there of artists, - ΟΛΥΜΠΟΥ (29251), fanciullo eΠΙΕΡΙΑΣ il usually campanello. Valzer brillante perplacement Pf. (29253), La preghiera ArticleIl101A ways), of social groups, usually ofthe low-income and the placement there of artists, Συμβουλ. Επιτρ. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.per However this “change”, regardless of del mattino. Pensiero romantico Pf. Τριμ. (29254)], στην Ελλάδα, στο Where Constitution provides for religioso establishment and operation of an Independent the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of ΔΙΠΛΩΜΑΤΙΚΗ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ Καθηγητής Χαρ. ΜΠΟΤΣΑΡΗΣ Authority, its Members are appointed for aresults fixed tenure and they of are governed byde personal and whatever other consequences has, also rising land prices (and the Βέλγιο από την Comptoir de Musique Moderne, Bruxelles [Album Danses functional independence, as specified by law. whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the Καθηγητής Ομότ. Κωνστ. ΓΕ. potential relative speculation). (M.M.No.109-116, Cahier 23/1889)] και στη Γαλλία (Παρίσι). 4. Article 102 of the Constitution 1975/1986/2001/2008: Επιβλέπων καθηγητής: ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found first in Government the UK in early and it refers to Μελετώνταςofτο τουat to σωζόμενου έργου του1960s παρατηρούμε ότι, ñ Administration localσύνολο affairs belongs Local Organizations of first and second Ιωάν. ΚΑΡΑΜΑΝΙΔΗΣ Καθηγητής Σπ. ΒΛΙΑΜΟΣ The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of grade. τουλάχιστον από τη δεκαετία του 1840, υφίσταται μία ρομαντική δεξιοτεχνικήto theTo then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas Local Government Organizations there isτης presumption of οcompetence for the London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and thus old residents are πιανιστική σχολή στην Κέρκυρα, κύριοι sometimes φορείς οποίας είναι Λιβεράλης και οof ΠΑΤΡΑ administration of local affaires. Law defines the extendthere and types of local affairs and are the London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents being indirectly “squeezed”. μαθητής του, ο Αγαθίδης. Η σχολή αυτή είναι απολύτως συγχρονισμένη με τηνthe distribution between each grade. Law may delegate to Local Government organizations ΙΟΥΝΙΟΣ 2012 Λιβαδειά, Ιούλιος 2012 being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon includedστις in the work of Sociologist εποχή της και αποδεικνύει πόσο mission. καλάis ενήμερη καλλιτεχνικές εξελίξειςRuth της exercise of powers that consist state’s A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is administrative included inwere the work ofστη Sociologist Ruth ñ Local Government Organizations have and financial Their GLASS at Ευρώπης the same while similar situations recorded inautonomy. other major κεντρικής υπήρξε η Κέρκυρα. Ο Λιβεράλης, ζώντας συνέχεια το authorities are elected byperiod, universal and secret voting, as provided byrecorded law. GLASS at the same while similar situations were in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. μεγαλύτερο μέρος της ζωής του στη Ζάκυνθο και στην Πάτρα, αναγκάστηκε να ñ Law may 5.5. provide the establishment of compulsory or voluntary associations of Local Οπτικές Στρατηγικών Διαχείρισης Γνώσης cities in Western countries, by other Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more συμβιβαστεί συνθέτοντας ως επί τοorResearchers. πλείστον πιοservices. ανάλαφρα και απλά έργα γιαbe Government Organizations for works provision of These associations may Οι then, Byounggu & Heesok (2002), αναφέρουν τις παρακάτω Since the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for itsτρείς more administrated by elected bodies τις ανάγκες των μαθητών του της τοπικής κοινωνίας. Άλλωστε τα various ρεσιτάλ comprehensive approach areκαι being summarized below, from οπτικές στρατηγικών Διαχείρισης Γνώσης: ñ State exercises supervision over Local Government Organizations, which concerns solely to comprehensive approach areτόπο being summarized below, from the various πιάνου στην εποχή του και στον διαμονής του δεν πρέπει να ήταν ιδιαίτερα interpretations ofand the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: legitimacy controlαναφέρεται it is not allowed to block their initiative and freedom of action. Legitimacy Πρώτη η ισορροπημένη οπτική, που υποστηρίζει ότι οι interpretations of the phenomenon ofDisciplinary gentrification, theπρωτότυπη following: δημοφιλή καιthe σίγουρα δεν αντικαθιστούσαν την παρουσίαση In a sense, phenomenon is due a trendούτε of asanctions new category of social groups control is exercised as provided by law.to to elected bodies of local Οργανισμοί πρέπει να πετυχαίνουν μια ισορροπία μεταξύ των δύο administration, apart from casesthe involving automatic deduction orτης idleness, are being applied της όπερας,to που αποτελούσε τοpurlieus καλλιτεχνικό γεγονός εποχής, ούτε ένα to “return” the city, leaving for several reasons: high costs in money only withτραγουδιού. the consent ofστρατηγικών. a Council, consisted at majority of regular judges, as provided by law. προαναφερόμενων σουαρέ Το πιάνο είχε ακόμα θέση σχεδόν αποκλειστικά στο σαλόνι and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the ñ The State takes all the legislative, regulatory and fiscal measures needed to ensure economic Δεύτερη εμφανίζεται η δυναμική οπτική, που υποστηρίζει ότι οιin 1. term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born των μεγαλοαστών και των ευγενών με κύριο ρεπερτόριο τους χορούς εποχής sense ofThe safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better independence and provides the necessary resources for the accomplishment of theτης tasks and the Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Οργανισμοί πρέπει να ευθυγραμμίζουν τις προαναφερθείσες στρατηγικές exercise of competences of Local Government withofsimultaneous ensuring of και γενικότερα τη μουσική τουentertainment σαλονιού. Organizations services of health, education, “at the heart the city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left GermanyLaw anddefines after continuous for transparency in theέρευνα management of these resources. theπου relative with the and τους με τα πραγματικά χαρακτηριστικά της γνώσης που κατέχουν. Η αρχειακή αποδεικνύει ότι οι Έλληνες συνθέτες ασχολήθηκαν lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and shedetermined came backin totheir London, distribution, among Local Government Organizations of New taxesYork or fees, favour, and Τρίτη εμφανίζεται, ηof εστιασμένη οπτική, που υποστηρίζει ότι οι και υιοθέτησαν τη ρομαντική δεξιοτεχνική γραφή στο πιάνο από ταteacher μέσα του in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 she the to another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and collected by State. Each transferral competences from state’s central or regional bodies toin Local University College London, where she continued her social Her action and Οργανισμοί πρέπει να by εστιάζουν σεresources. μία μόνο στρατηγική από τις 19ου αιώνα ή καιofνωρίτερα είναι ελάχιστοι και ακριβώς αυτός είναι ο λόγος που Government implies transfer of corresponding Lawresearch. provides the public relative regarding long-term informal effort organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying her work are by arevenues passiondirectly for justice. also: COLLINSorganizations. ENGLISH DICTIONARY. definition andcharacterized collecting local fromSee Local Government αναβαθμίζει την αξίαofτου εγχειρήματός τους, τόσο σε ατομικό όσο και σε web, εθνικό προαναφερθείσες. and selling real estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban in 10th Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 5.edit. Because of their importance, issues of Local2009. Government Organizations have become επίπεδο. Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a subject varietyofofa series ways, inConferences, order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actuallyat of International Conferences as well as regulations

60 14 24

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns George-Sp. C. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ATHANASOPOULOS By Mr. George-Sp. School of of Design, Design, Student, Student, Harvard University, Graduate School By Mr. George-Sp. George-Sp. C. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Architect Student of of the the School School of of Architecture Architecture Technical University of Crete Crete Technical University of

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept BC -- 370 370 BC, BC, Athens), Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC BC --“principle”: 370 BC, BC, Athens), Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC 370 great “principle”: the among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the greatof “principle”: content of concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. content of concepts. approach, the term term Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the 1 (and urban final, approach, the term term Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the area of Planning) Planning) (or gentrification) area of (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area areathis, of Planning) Planning) (or gentrification of (or from this, (in various various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from (in removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement there of artists, placement there of artists, placement there of artists, artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless land prices prices (and (and the theof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land land prices (and the whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). 1960s and and itit refers refers to to The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK property in early 1960s 1960s and itit refers to and refers property in poor poor areas ofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy in areas of property in poor poor areas of the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in areas of thus old old residents are London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus residents are thus old old residents residentsare are London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. of Sociologist Sociologist Ruth Ruth A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of work of of Sociologist Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work Ruth recorded in other other major major GLASS at the same while similar in recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. scholars and and for for its its more more Since then, the issue has several scholars scholars andthe forvarious its more more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars and for its below, from the various comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of category of social social groups groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: reasons: high high costs costs in in money money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work work place place is, is, lack lack of of the the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, centres, search for better Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 1932 she she published published an an important important study study entitled: entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the (possibly) the city”, city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany for Germany and and after after continuous continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London where London and and New New York York she she came came back back to to London, London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. she became teacher the city planning. In In 1950 1950 sheto became teacher in in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due aa systematic and to systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social Her action and continued her social research. research. brokers Her public public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying manufacturers, brokers of buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. justice. See See also: also: COLLINS COLLINS ENGLISH ENGLISH DICTIONARY. DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part the urban web, part of of the urban web,in in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: London 2009. 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm “voluntary”, (actually 21 6111 2145 25 25 11

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept BC -- 370 370 BC, BC, Athens), Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC BC --“principle”: 370 BC, BC, Athens), Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC 370 great “principle”: the among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the greatof “principle”: content of concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. content of concepts. approach, the term term Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the 1 (and urban final, approach, the term term Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the area of Planning) Planning) (or gentrification) area of (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area areathis, of Planning) Planning) (or gentrification of (or from this, (in various various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from (in removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement there of artists, placement there of artists, placement there of artists, artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless land prices prices (and (and the theof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land land prices (and the whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). 1960s and and itit refers refers to to The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK property in early 1960s 1960s and itit refers to and refers property in poor poor areas ofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy in areas of property in poor poor areas of the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in areas of thus old old residents are London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus residents are thus old old residents residentsare are London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. of Sociologist Sociologist Ruth Ruth A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of work of of Sociologist Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work Ruth recorded in other major GLASS at the same while similar in other major 1 recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. scholars and and for for its its more more Since then, the issue has several scholars scholars andthe forvarious its more more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars and for its below, from the various comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of category of social social groups groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: reasons: high high costs costs in in money money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work work place place is, is, lack lack of of the the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, centres, search for better Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 1932 she she published published an an important important study study entitled: entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the (possibly) the city”, city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany for Germany and and after after continuous continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London where London and and New New York York she she came came back back to to London, London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. she became teacher the city planning. In In 1950 1950 sheto became teacher in in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due aa systematic and to systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social Her action and continued her social research. research. brokers Her public public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying manufacturers, brokers of buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. justice. See See also: also: COLLINS COLLINS ENGLISH ENGLISH DICTIONARY. DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part the urban web, part of of the urban web,in in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: London 2009. 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm “voluntary”, (actually 1 Βλέπετε το υπόλοιπο του κειμένου στην ηλεκτρονική διεύθυνση της ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α., 21 62τ. 73/2013. 2147 25 11 25 11

E¶.A¶. A¶.TO¶. TO¶.AYT. AYT.¶EP. ¶EP.AN. AN./ R.DEC. / R.DEC.ADM. ADM.LOC. LOC.DEV. DEV.REG. REG./ R. / R.DEC. DEC.LOC. LOC.GOV. GOV.REG. REG.DEV. DEV. E¶.

GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Η επίσημη Ελληνική οικονομική «εμπλοκή» στην Βαλκανική, υπό την μορφή της άμεσης χρηματοδότησης από το Ελληνικό Κράτος: αναδρομή και αξιολόγηση του Ελληνικού Σχεδίου για την Οικονομική Ανασυγκρότηση των Βαλκανίων1 Της κυρίας Ελένης ΚΑΒΒΑΔΙΑ Visiting Research University of Luxembourg By Mr.Associate, George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Κατά την εικοσαετία 1990-2010, η Βαλκανική αποτέλεσε τη ofμόνη Technical University Crete

Εισαγωγή

Ευρωπαϊκή περιοχή, η οποία έζησε ένα είδος «σκωτσέζικου ντους». Από την μία γνώρισε την ευχάριστη μετάβασή της ελεύθερη οικονομία, παρά τις 1. Introductory approach: Defining theστην concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ενεχόμενες δυσκολίες, τις οποίες εκλήθη να ξεπεράσει. γνώρισε ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444Από BC την - 370άλλη, BC, Athens), όμως, το ανελέητα δυσάρεστο πρόσωπο του πολέμου, καθώς η περιοχή ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the «εσείσθη» σχεδόν καθ’ ολοκληρίαν και κατά κύματα, από διαδοχικές among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. και διαφορετικές ένοπλες αναμετρήσεις. Οι συγκρούσεις αυτές, είχαν σαν acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term αποτέλεσμα και εκτεταμένα μετά-συγκρουσιακά συμπτώματα, όπως 1έντονα Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 διαλυμένους οικονομικούς και κοινωνικούς ιστούς με ανεργία και ανέχεια στα gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various όρια της ανθρωπιστικής κρίσης, καταρρακωμένο ηθικό και κατεστραμμένες Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, υποδομές. Η πολυδιασπασμένη καιlow-income βρίθουσα and αντιπαραθέσεων περιοχή, έγινε ways), of social groups, usually of thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of όμως παράλληλα και θέατρο της μόνης στην ιστορία «σύμπραξης» της Διεθνούς the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof κοινότητας, τέτοιας ποσοτικής και ποιοτικής εμβέλειας. Η land «συνθετική» δράση whatever other consequences has, results also rising of prices (and the potential relative speculation). περισσότερων απόspeculation). 22 χωρών δωρητών/χορηγών, διεθνών και πολυμερών potential relative The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to οργανισμών, καθώς και επενδυτών του inιδιωτικού τομέα υπολογίζεται ότιto The term gentrification found atpeople first the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor of ξεπέρασαν τα 150 δις ευρώ κατά την περίοδο 1990-2010. Ως εκ τούτου, η the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof περιοχή αποτέλεσε υπόδειγμα διεθνούς συμπράξεως για την ανασυγκρότηση, London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. αναδιάρθρωση και οικονομική της ανάπτυξη. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth AΕνταγμένη description ofperiod, this phenomenon included inwere theκαι work of Sociologist Ruth στο γενικότερο αυτόis situations γεωπολιτικό οικονομικό κλίμα, η GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Ελλάδα βασίστηκε στις αρχές τουResearchers. κονστρουκτιβισμού και «συστρατεύθηκε» cities in Western countries, by other cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. (engaged) στην the προσπάθεια ένταξης των μικρών χωρών που προήλθαν από τον Since then, issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its κατακερματισμό της περιοχής στην «Ευρωπαϊκή οικογένεια» και μάλιστα σεmore μια comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the comprehensive approach being summarized from the various «συνεκτική Ευρώπη ίσων» are (Plaskovitis, 2000). the Ως below, εκ τούτου, η Ελλάδα interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, following: interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: συμμετείχε οικονομικά από κοινού μεof στην «αναγέννηση» και In a sense, theof phenomenon is due toάλλους a trend«παίκτες», of a new of social groups ένταξη της περιοχής στη Διεθνή κοινότητα, μέσω των πολυμερών οργανισμών to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money στους συμμετέχει (Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση, Ευρωπαϊκή Τράπεζα and timeοποίους to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Επενδύσεων, Ευρωπαϊκή Τράπεζα Ανασυγκρότησης και Ανάπτυξης, Οργανισμός 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better Berlin, whereΕθνών, she made Παγκόσμια her first studies. In 1932 sheΠαράλληλα, published an important study entitled: Ηνωμένων Τράπεζα). λόγω της άμεσης services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. The same year she Germany andτούτου after continuous γειτνίασης με την περιοχή καιfrom γιαleft την ως εκ εξυπηρέτηση lower living cost of, “withdrawal” private car easier access to markets, etc.των studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where γεωπολιτικών της προτεραιοτήτων ασφάλειας και ευημερίας, η Ελλάδα in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and προβαίνει σε μίαofάνευ κίνηση οικονομικής τόσο University informal College London, where she continued her social research.διπλωματίας Her public and long-term effortπροηγουμένου, by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINSμέσω ENGLISH DICTIONARY. άμεσα με are την παροχή Αναπτυξιακής Βοήθειας-ΕΑΒ του Ελληνικού and selling real estate,Επίσημης etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 1 Βλέπετε υπόλοιπο κειμένου στην ηλεκτρονική διεύθυνση της ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α., τ. 101/2020.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns Του κ. Olli REHN By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS European Comissioner for Enlargement Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

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Μεταβολές του Types χώρου στην της κρίσης: GENTRIFICATION Definition, ofΑθήνα Intervention, Συγκριτική μελέτη της εμπορικής δραστηριότητας Definition, of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification σεTypes τρεις γειτονιές Concerns Της κυρίας Βασιλικής ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ,

Του κυρίου Ευθυμ. ΜΠΑΚΟΓΙΑΝΝΗ, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Του κυρίου Χαράλ. ΚΥΡΙΑΚΙΔΗ, By Mr.Μαρίας George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect και της κυρίας Κωνσταντίνας ΚΑΤΑΡΓΙΑ, Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Εισαγωγική approach: αναφορά, οριοθέτηση έννοιας της ανάπτυξης. Ορισμένοι 1. 1. Introductory theτης concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), όροι,ANTISTHENIS, χρησιμοποιούνται γενικώς και υποδηλώνονται μέσω BC αυτών the ancient Greek philosopher, 370«αυτονόητα» BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great-“principle”: the θέματα, αλλά η σαφής οριοθέτησή τους θεωρείται «αδύνατη». among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Ένας of όρος εξ αυτών είναι και ο όρος «οικονομική ανάπτυξη», όρος acquisition knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term 1 χρησιμοποιούμενος ευρύτατα. 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification Κατά μία προσέγγιση η (οικονομική) ανάπτυξη δεν υποδηλώνει μία 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal from this, (in various κατάσταση, μία επιδιωκόμενη μέλλουσα κατάσταση και μία διαδικασία εντός Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, προσδιορισμένης εξ υπαρχής πορείας. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of Με βάση προσεγγίσεις Εγχειριδίων Βασικώνthis Οικονομικών Όρων «η the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the οικονομική ανάπτυξη ουσιαστικώς είναι μία διαδικασία, που τίθεται σε whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). λειτουργία, προκειμένου να επιτευχθεί ανώτερο επίπεδο τεχνικής και potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found firstαύξηση in the UK early 1960s and it refers to βιομηχανικής απόδοσης, με στόχοatτην τηςinπαραγωγικότητας και της The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor απασχόλησης, ως και την διασφάλιση δημογραφικής ευρωστίας, με τελικό the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay andυψηλότερου thus old residents areof αποτέλεσμα την αύξηση τηςthemselves παραγωγής και την επίτευξη βιοτικού London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. επιπέδου μίας Χώρας». being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the of Sociologist Ruth Ο όρος «ανάπτυξη» δύναται να εκληφθεί ως work υποδηλώνων ανάπτυξη A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other οικονομική, κοινωνική, πολιτιστική, «σύμμετρη και λελογισμένη», ο δε major όρος GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, other Researchers. «οικονομική ανάπτυξη» σε by συνάρτηση με την έννοια «χώρος» ως περιλαμβάνων cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied scholars and for its more Εθνική διάσταση, (που καλύπτει, αδιακρίτωςseveral άλλων συνθηκών και παραμέτρων, Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its στην more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the ολόκληρη την επικράτεια Κράτους), Περιφερειακή διάσταση, (που στοχεύει comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification,ή the following: Περιφερειών εν γένει ανάπτυξη επί μέρους Γεωγραφικών Διοικητικών interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of socialμικρών groups Κράτους) και Τοπική διάσταση, (που αποβλέπει στην ενcategory γένει ανάπτυξη to “return” to the city, leavingΕνοτήτων the purlieus several reasons: high costs in money Γεωγραφικών ή Διοικητικών τουfor Κράτους). and time travel from the to downtown, where place is, lack of the Σε toσυνάρτηση με purlieus τις διακρίσεις αυτές η work οικονομική ανάπτυξη 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety theως distributed residencies outside town centres, for εκλαμβάνεται εδώ εστιάζουσα τοRuth ενδιαφέρον της κυρίως σεsearch μη ποσοτικούς Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at theσυναφείς heart of the city”, ως (possibly) οικονομικούς στόχους, σε αντίθεση προς άλλες έννοιες, π.χ. η Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. οικονομική μεγέθυνση, στα πλαίσια της οποίας προσδίδεται έμφαση studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, στα where in According 1943 she published studies cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and ποσοτικά χαρακτηριστικά τηςregarding Οικονομίας. University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 1 Βλέπετε το υπόλοιπο του κειμένου στην ηλεκτρονική διεύθυνση της ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α., τ. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 101/2020.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns Των Μαρίας ΚΟΥΛΟΥΜΠΗ,

«Ο θεσμός του επιτελικού κράτους στην ελληνική δημόσια διοίκηση – προβλήματα και προοπτικές»

Χρυσάνθης ΚΑΝΤΖΙΟΥ, Ιων. ΒΛΑΣΣΗ1

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗ By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Με την παρούσα εισήγηση επιχειρείται μια συνοπτική παρουσίαση του νόμου Student of the School of Architecture 4622/2019 «Επιτελικό Κράτος: οργάνωση, λειτουργία και διαφάνεια της Κυβέρνησης, Technical University of Crete των κυβερνητικών οργάνων και της κεντρικής δημόσιας διοίκησης» ανά θεματικό πυλώνα, εστιάζοντας κυρίως στον νέο τρόπο οργάνωσης της κεντρικής δημόσιας 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept διοίκησης. Ειδικότερα, αναλύονται και αξιολογούνται με το προϊσχύον 1. Introductory approach: the concept συγκριτικά ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 - 370οργάνωσης BC, Athens), θεσμικό πλαίσιο, οι προβλεπόμενες διαρθρωτικές αλλαγές σε BC θέματα και ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the λειτουργίας των Υπουργείων και καταδεικνύονται τα αναμενόμεναBC, οφέλη, οι among other wise heritage he left us,definition he established a great the acquisition of knowledge starts with the of the content of“principle”: concepts. ανακύπτουσες ανάγκες καθώς και τα αναδυόμενα προβλήματα, καταλήγοντας σε μια acquisition of knowledge starts withεφαρμογής theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, onτοις this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term κριτική θεώρηση της εν πράγμασι του.

1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or ΛΕΞΕΙΣ-ΚΛΕΙΔΙΑ gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Επιτελικό κράτος, μεταρρύθμιση, δημόσιας διοίκησης Sociology as well), as the “refining” ofεκσυγχρονισμός a city area, from this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement there ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of 1. ΕΙΣΑΓΩΓΗ the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the Ο ν.4622/2019 «Επιτελικό κράτος: οργάνωση, λειτουργία και διαφάνεια της whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Κυβέρνησης, των speculation). κυβερνητικών οργάνων και της κεντρικής δημόσιας διοίκησης» potential relative speculation). The term gentrification found at first in the UK inπου earlyστοχεύει 1960s and it refers to (ΦΕΚ Α΄ 133) αποτελεί ένα isολοκληρωμένο νομοθέτημα στον εν γένει The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of εξορθολογισμό του τρόπου άσκησης της εκτελεστικής εξουσίας με παράλληληto the then observed trend of wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stayκαθώς themselves sometimes and old residents areof ενδυνάμωση του ρόλου της και στην επικαιροποίηση τωνthus σχετικών διατάξεων, London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ώστε να ανταποκρίνονται στις σύγχρονες απαιτήσεις. Η έννοια του «επιτελικού being indirectly “squeezed”. κράτους» συνδέεται άμεσα με τις αναφερόμενες στο άρθρο 19 του νόμου αρχές της A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description this phenomenon is situations included the work «η of Sociologist Ruth αναγκαιότητας καιofεπικουρικότητας, σύμφωνα με in τις οποίες λειτουργία της GLASS at the same period, while similar were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Κεντρικής Δημόσιας Διοίκησης πρέπει να συμπεριλαμβάνει τις απολύτως αναγκαίες cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. προς την εκπλήρωση τηςhas αποστολής της δράσεις, οποίες and δεν for μπορούν να Since then, the issue several οι scholars its more αναληφθούν από χαμηλότερα επίπεδα διοίκησης». Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Ως δομικά καιphenomenon λειτουργικά της κεντρικής διοίκησης θα comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the ofπροβλήματα gentrification, thebelow, following: μπορούσαν να αναφερθούν η απουσία στρατηγικού προγραμματισμού, η πολυνομία interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups – κακονομία, η έλλειψη συντονισμού και συνεργασίας μεταξύ των φορέων to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money σχεδιασμού και υλοποίησης πολιτικών, η αναποτελεσματικότητα και η ελλιπής and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in sense1.of 1 safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better Τμήμα Χημείας, Ε.Σ.Δ.Δ. Τμήμα Διοίκησης Υπηρεσιών Berlin, ΚΟΥΛΟΥΜΠΗ where she made herΕ.Κ.Π.Α. first studies. In 1932 she important study Υγείας, entitled: services of health, Μαρία, education, entertainment “at published the heartan of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same Υγείας, year she left Germany and after continuous movements Ε.Σ.Δ.Υ. ΜΠΣ Διοίκησης Υπηρεσιών Προϊσταμένη Τμήματος Οργάνωσης, Εκπαίδευσης καιfor lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc.where studies andΟργανικών research Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she came to back toΔυναμικού London, Στοχοθεσίας Μονάδων Κεντρικής Υπηρεσίας – Διεύθυνση Ανθρώπινου και in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, is due a systematic and Διοικητικής Υποστήριξης, Υπουργείο Υγείας. the University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying ΚΑΝΤΖΙΟΥ Χρυσάνθη, MSc, Απόφοιτος ΕΣΔΔ, Προϊσταμένη Αυτοτελούς Τμήματος Εποπτείας, her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Ανάπτυξης Λειτουργίας ΕΟΠΥΥ – Υπουργείο and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.και Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. Υγείας. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ΒΛΑΣΣΗΣ Ιωάννης, PhD, Οικονομολόγος, Εντετ. Διδάσκων ΜΠΣ Διοίκησης Υπηρεσιών Υγείας, G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

Υπηρεσιακός Γραμματέας, Υπουργείο Υγείας.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

αποδοτικότητα των δημόσιων πολιτικών και των δημόσιων θεσμών, η υστέρηση σε θέματα ηλεκτρονικής διακυβέρνησης, η μη ορθολογική διαχείριση και αξιοποίηση του προσωπικού. Επίρρωση των ανωτέρω αποτελεί η έκθεση του ΟΟΣΑ για την ελληνική κεντρική διοίκηση, στην οποία καταγράφεται ότι «μεταξύ των συνθηκών που ευνοούν τη διαφθορά συμπεριλαμβάνεται η αδυναμία της κεντρικής εξουσίας, η πολυπλοκότητα του νομικού πλαισίου, η έλλειψη ή απουσία βασικών δεδομένων, η αδυναμία μηχανισμών δημοσιονομικών και λοιπών ελέγχων και η ανεπάρκεια διοίκησης του ανθρώπινου δυναμικού». νόμος 4622/2019 αποσκοπεί στη By Mr.ΟGeorge-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS διαμόρφωση των συνθηκών εκείνων ώστε να αποκατασταθεί η εμπιστοσύνη των Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, πολιτών αλλά και των επιχειρήσεων απέναντι τόσο στους κυβερνητικούς θεσμούς By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect όσο και στη δημόσια διοίκηση. Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete 2. ΑΝΑΛΥΣΗ ΒΑΣΙΚΩΝ ΠΥΛΩΝΩΝ ΤΟΥ ΝΟΜΟΥ 2.1. Συστηματοποίηση – κωδικοποίηση διατάξεων και εισαγωγή κανό1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept νων καλής νομοθέτησης ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Με τον ν.4622/2019 επιχειρείται συγκέντρωση διάσπαρτων διατάξεων που ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us,η he established a great the διέπουν την οργάνωση και λειτουργία της Κυβέρνησης, των κυβερνητικών οργάνων among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the και της κεντρικής δημόσιας starts διοίκησης συστηματοποίησή τους σε σύγχρονο acquisition of knowledge withκαι theηindefinition the content ofένα concepts. Based, therefore, on thisυπό “principle” aενός first, πλήρους if of not final, approach, the term εγχειρίδιο διακυβέρνησης, τη μορφή χάρτη του κεντρικού 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification διοικητικού συστήματος. 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Ενδεικτικά, αναφέρονται τα εξής: Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), social groups, usually of andthe theremoval placement ofΣτο Μέρος Α΄, Κεφάλαιο Γ΄, low-income «Μέλη της Κυβέρνησης και Υφυπουργοί» συγκεways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of the operationκαι of art galleries, restaurants, etc.όλες However this “change”, regardless of ντρώνονται αποτυπώνονται συνεκτικά οι κωδικοποιούμενες με τοartists, π.δ. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results rising of land prices (and the 63/2005 σχετικές διατάξεις. Επισημαίνεται ότι,also το π.δ. 63/2005 έχει καταργηθεί, ε-of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). ξαιρουμένου του άρθρου 90, το οποίο προϋποθέτει την εγγραφή σχετικής πίστωσης potential relative speculation). στον Προϋπολογισμό του Κράτους γιαatτην έκδοση πράξης. The term gentrification is found first in theκανονιστικής UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first inοιthe UKπου in early 1960s and itareas refers  Στο άρθρο 19trend παρατίθενται συνολικά αρχές πρέπει να διέπουν τη δηthe then observed ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto the then observed trend wealthy peopleαποτελεσματικότητας to there buy property in poor areas μόσια διοίκηση (αρχές νομιμότητας, διαφάνειας, και αποδοτιLondon, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them,και stay themselves sometimes thereκαι and thus old residents are κότητας, αναγκαιότητας επικουρικότητας, αξιοκρατίας επαγγελματισμού). being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.  Στο Μέρος Β΄, Κεφάλαιο Δ΄ «Γενικοί και Ειδικοί Γραμματείς» συγκεντρώνοA description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth νται σε ένα ενιαίο κείμενο όλες οι μέχρι πρότινος επιμερισμένες σε διάφορα νομοθεA description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major τήματα ρυθμίσεις σχετικά με τους Γενικούς και Ειδικούς Γραμματείς. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. inΣτο Μέρος Γ΄,issue Κεφάλαιο Γ΄ «Νομοπαρασκευαστική Διαδικασία και Καλή Νοcities Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the has several scholars and for its more μοθέτηση» τίθενται εκissue νέου has οι αρχές καλής νομοθέτησης και ορίζεται συνεκτικά η Since then, the preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various νομοπαρασκευαστική διαδικασία υπό τον συντονισμό τηςbelow, Γενικήςfrom Γραμματείας Νοcomprehensive approach are being summarized the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: μικών και Κοινοβουλευτικών Θεμάτων,ofηgentrification, οποία συνεπικουρείται από την Επιτροπή interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups Αξιολόγησης Ποιότητας της Νομοπαρασκευαστικής Διαδικασίας, ένα ανεξάρτητο, to “return” to the city, leavingόργανο. the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money διεπιστημονικό, γνωμοδοτικό

and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, 2.2. Συντονισμός κυβερνητικής δράσης και ολοκληρωμένος στρατηγικός Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) προγραμματισμός Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access to markets, etc.where  Με άρθρο 1Geneva, θεσπίζεται ένας συντονιστικός τη μορφή του studies and το research Prague, London and car Neweasier Yorkπυρήνας she cameυπό back to London, in According 1943 she Συμβουλίου, published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the isΠρωθυπουργό, due a systematic and Υπουργικού το οποίο αποτελείται από In τον1950 τους ΑντιUniversity informal College of London, where sheΥπουργούς. continued her social research. Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying προέδρους της Κυβέρνησης και τους Σύμφωνα με το άρθρο 2, το Υπουρher work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. γικό Συμβούλιο είναι τοetc., αρμόδιο για την2009. έγκριση του ετήσιου προγραμματιand selling realCOLLINS estate, for theόργανο depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: σμού και την παρακολούθηση του κυβερνητικού έργου. Με το άρθρο 6 προβλέπεται η G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

252173 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

δημιουργία καινοτόμων συλλογικών κυβερνητικών οργάνων, των Κυβερνητικών Συμβουλίων και των Κυβερνητικών Επιτροπών. Τα δύο Κυβερνητικά Συμβούλια είναι αρμόδια για θέματα οικονομικής πολιτικής και εθνικής ασφάλειας ενώ οι Κυβερνητικές Επιτροπές μπορούν να συστήνονται κατά περίπτωση με ad hoc πράξεις του Υπουργικού Συμβουλίου.  Με το άρθρο 21 θεσπίζεται η Προεδρία της Κυβέρνησης, αποτελούμενη από έξι Γενικές και Ειδικές Γραμματείες, η οποία υπάγεται στον Πρωθυπουργό και αποσκοπεί στον προγραμματισμό και την υλοποίηση των κυβερνητικών δράσεων μέσα By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS σε συγκεκριμένα χρονοδιαγράμματα καθώς και στην παρακολούθηση επίτευξης των Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, βασικών προτεραιοτήτων. Ειδικότερα,By η Προεδρία της Κυβέρνησης αναλαμβάνει εMr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect νεργότερο ρόλο στη νομοπαρασκευαστική διαδικασία, μέσω της Γενικής Γραμματείας Student of the School of Architecture Νομικών και Κοινοβουλευτικών Θεμάτων, η οποία μεριμνά για τονUniversity κεντρικό συντοTechnical of Crete νισμό της νομοπαρασκευαστικής διαδικασίας, την τήρηση των αρχών και εργαλείων της1.Καλής Νομοθέτησης και τη Defining θεραπεία the της concept πολυνομίας και κακονομίας. ΤαυτόχροIntroductory approach: 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 να, ANTISTHENIS, καταργείται η Γενική Γραμματεία της Κυβέρνησης, η οποία με το the ancient Greek philosopher, BCείχε - 370συσταθεί BC, Athens), π.δ. 32/2004. Μέσω των δύο Γενικών Γραμματειών Συντονισμού (Εσωτερικών ΠολιANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the τικών καιother Οικονομικών και Αναπτυξιακών Πολιτικών) της Προεδρίας της Κυβέρνηamong wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the σης, συντονίζεται ο σχεδιασμός και η εφαρμογή του κυβερνητικού έργου, επιλύονται acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based,μεταξύ therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term διαφορές συναρμόδιων Υπηρεσιών, όπου αυτές αναφύονται, και διαμορφώ1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification νεται το πλαίσιο1 της αποτελεσματικής παρακολούθησης και αξιολόγησης της κυβερgentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various νητικής πολιτικής. Οι νεοσυσταθείσες Γραμματείες Συντονισμού έχουν διευρυμένο Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), ofπλαίσιο social groups, usually σε of σχέση low-income and theΓραμματεία placementΣυντονισμού there of artists, ρόλο και αρμοδιοτήτων με τη Γενική του ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, However “change”,there regardless of ν.4109/2013, ενώ συνεργάζονται άμεσα με etc. τις Υπηρεσίες Συντονισμού των αρμοδίων the operation art galleries, etc.also However regardless whatever other consequences has, σύνταξη results risingthis of “change”, landΣχεδίου prices (and theof Υπουργείων με of σκοπό την από restaurants, κοινού του Ενοποιημένου Κυβερνηwhatever other consequences results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). τικής Πολιτικής. Προβλέπεται, τέλος,has, η λειτουργία Ειδικής Γραμματείας Ολοκληρωμέpotential relative speculation). νουThe Πληροφοριακού Συστήματος γιαatτην και1960s Αξιολόγηση του Κυterm gentrification is found firstΠαρακολούθηση in the UK in early and it refers to The term gentrification found first in the UK in early and itareas refersofto βερνητικού Έργου που διευκολύνει καιatυποστηρίζει το έργο των 1960s υπολοίπων Γενικών the then observed trend ofiswealthy people to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas Γραμματειών. London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are  Ο upgrade συντονισμός κυβερνητικής δράσης και η συνεργασία σε επίπεδο Υπουρbeing indirectly “squeezed”. γείων, ιδιαίτερα για δράσεις που διατρέχουν οριζόντια όλες τις διοικητικές και πολιbeing indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth τικέςAδομές, εξασφαλίζεται μέσα από την is συνιστώμενη σε Υπουργείο Υπηρεσία description ofperiod, this phenomenon included inwere theκάθε work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations recorded in other major Συντονισμού. Σύμφωνα με το άρθρο 38, η Υπηρεσία Συντονισμού λειτουργεί σε επίGLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. πεδο Διεύθυνσης, υπάγεται απευθείας Υπηρεσιακό Γραμματέα και έχει ως αποcities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other στον Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more στολή τον συντονισμό όλων των Υπηρεσιών του Υπουργείου και τωνand εποπτευόμενων Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from the από αυτό φορέων. Αποτελείται από being δύο Γραφεία, που λειτουργούν σε επίπεδο Τμήcomprehensive approach are summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: ματος, ήτοι το Γραφείο Συντονισμού Δημοσίων Πολιτικών και το Γραφείο Νομικών interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: a sense, theof phenomenon καιIn Κοινοβουλευτικών Θεμάτων. is due to a trend of a new category of social groups to “return” the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money  Στο to επίκεντρο της λειτουργικής αναδιάρθρωσης της δημόσιας διοίκησης εand time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where workκαι place is, lack of the γκαινιάζεται ένα νέο σύστημα προγραμματισμού, συντονισμού παρακολούθησης 1.of The termat comes from Ruthτο GLASS, Ruth GLASS for wasbetter born sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search του κυβερνητικού έργου σεSociologist ετήσια βάση, οποίο1912-1940. αποτελεί μια ολοκληρωμένη καιin Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) κεντρικά συντονισμένη απόπειρα εδραίωσης ενός συστήματος στοχοθεσίας και λο-for Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where γοδοσίας από την πλευρά των φορέων της δημόσιας διοίκησης, στη βάση προκαθοstudies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon In 1950 she teacher in the ρισμένων στόχων, οι οποίοι εντάσσονται σεplanning. ένα Ενοποιημένο Σχέδιο Κυβερνητικής to another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and University (Ε.Σ.Κυ.Π.). College of London, where her social research. Her and Πολιτικής Σύμφωνα μεshe ταcontinued οριζόμενα στα άρθρα 49-52, τοpublic Ε.Σ.Κυ.Π. συlong-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. ντάσσεται από την Προεδρία της Κυβέρνησης ως σύνθεση τωνof επιμέρους σχεδίων and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: δράσης των Υπουργείων και αποτυπώνει τις κυβερνητικές προτεραιότητες, τους G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually στόχους, τις στρατηγικές επιλογές, τους άξονες πολιτικής και τις βασικές δράσεις της 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

κυβέρνησης, καθώς επίσης και τις απαραίτητες νομοθετικές και κανονιστικές ρυθμίσεις για την υλοποίηση αυτών. Ιδιαιτέρως σημαντικές είναι οι προβλέψεις για την παρακολούθηση εφαρμογής του κυβερνητικού έργου, κατά τα οριζόμενα στα άρθρα 53-56, η οποία πραγματοποιείται σε μηνιαία βάση τόσο σε πολιτικό επίπεδο (Υπουργικό Συμβούλιο) όσο και από συλλογικά όργανα στα οποία έχει ανατεθεί η εν λόγω αρμοδιότητα.

2.3. Αποσαφήνιση ορίων πολιτικού διοικητικούC.επιπέδου με ενίσχυση By Mr.–George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS του ρόλου του δεύτερου Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Ο ν.4622/2019 στοχεύει στη By διάκριση ΔιοίκησηςC.– ATHANASSOPOULOS Κυβέρνησης Architect και την Mr. George-Sp. αποσαφήνιση των ορίων πολιτικού και διοικητικού επιπέδου με ταυτόχρονη Student of the School of Architecture μεταφορά αρμοδιοτήτων σε κατώτερα διοικητικά ιεραρχικά επίπεδα, στο πλαίσιο Technical University of Crete εφαρμογής της αρχής της επιτελικότητας. Ειδικότερα: approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory 1. approach: Defining the concept Introductory Με τις διατάξεις άρθρου 109 philosopher, ανατίθεται στους Γενικών ANTISTHENIS, theτου ancient Greek (444 Προϊσταμένους BC - 370 BC, Athens), Διευθύνσεων των Υπουργείων, οι οποίοι επιλέγονται και τοποθετούνται σύμφωνα με ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the τις πάγιες διατάξεις του Υπαλληλικού Κώδικα, η αρμοδιότητα τελικής υπογραφής σε among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the κάθε ατομικήof διοικητική πράξη γιαwith τα θέματα που εμπίπτουν στην αρμοδιότητα των acquisition knowledge starts theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, theεπιτάterm Υπηρεσιών των οποίων προΐστανται. Η διάταξη αυτή έχει ως αποτέλεσμα την 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification χυνση των διοικητικών διαδικασιών με την έκδοση διοικητικών πράξεων σε κατώτε1 (and urban gentrification gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various ρο ιεραρχικά επίπεδο, την αποτροπή εμπλοκής κομματικών στοιχείων σε αμιγώς διSociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually and the placement there of artists, οικητικές διαδικασίες, όπως είναιofη low-income έκδοση ατομικών ήτοι εφαρμοστικών των αντίways), of social groups, usually ofπράξεων, low-income andεξασφάλιση thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.και However “change”, regardless of στοιχων κανονιστικών διοικητικών την της there συνέχειας στη the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However “change”, regardless whatever other has,ανεξαρτήτως results risingthis of εναλλαγών. land prices (and theof λειτουργία του κρατικού μηχανισμού, πολιτικών whatever other consequences has, also risingη διοικητική of land prices (and the potential relative speculation).  Με τις διατάξεις των άρθρων 36 results και 37 ανατίθεται και οικονομιpotential relative speculation). term gentrification is found atΥπηρεσιακούς first in the UKΓραμματείς, in early 1960s and it refers to κή The διαχείριση των Υπουργείων στους οι οποίοι τοποθεTheμέσω term gentrification found atpeople firstεπιλογής in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers τούνται θεσμοθετημένης διαδικασίας από πενταμελή Επιτροπή Επιthe then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas λογής Στελεχών του Δημοσίου, στην οποία δεν μετέχει κανένα στέλεχος. London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes andκυβερνητικό thus old residents areof upgrade them, stay στο themselves there and thus old residents are ΗLondon, βασική καινοτομία έγκειται γεγονόςsometimes ότι οι Υπηρεσιακοί Γραμματείς που ηγούbeing indirectly “squeezed”. νται των διοικητικών και οικονομικών Υπηρεσιών των Υπουργείων αλλά και της Υbeing indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth πηρεσίας είναι τακτικοί δημόσιοι υπάλληλοι, αντίθεση τουςmajor προA description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere theσε work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS atΣυντονισμού, the same while similar recorded inμε other βλεπόμενους στον ν.4369/2016 Διοικητικούς Γραμματείς, οι οποίοι δεν υπηρετούσαν GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. υποχρεωτικά στονcountries, τομέα. Οι Researchers. Υπηρεσιακοί Γραμματείς εφεξής έχουν αρμοcities in Western bypreoccupied other Since then, theδημόσιο issue has several scholars and for its more διότητα σχετικά μεthe θέματα διαχείρισης ανθρώπινου δυναμικού, αναλαμβάνουν Since then, issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various itsκαθήmore comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from κοντα αποφαινόμενου οργάνουare στοbeing πλαίσιο της διενέργειας διαδικασιών ανάθεσης comprehensive approach summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, the following: και εκτέλεσης δημοσίων συμβάσεωνof και ορίζονται διατάκτες του προϋπολογισμού interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new social groups του Υπουργείου τους. Με τη ρύθμιση αυτή διαρρηγνύεται category η εμπλοκήofτου πολιτικού to “return” the city, leaving the purlieus several reasons: highπροσώπων costs in money επιπέδου σεtoαμιγώς διοικητικά θέματα και for αποτρέπεται η επιλογή στην and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the υπηρεσιακή ιεραρχία με κομματικά κριτήρια. termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin,2.4. where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: και ακεραιότητα στην κρατική λειτουργία services ofΔιαφάνεια health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Η προαγωγή μέτρων που αποσκοπούν στη διαφάνεια καιback ακεραιότητα του lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came to to London, κρατικού μηχανισμού αποτυπώνεται στις διατάξεις του ν.4622/2019, ως εξής: in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. ασυμβιβάστων Her public and  Ο νόμος διατυπώνει μεorganized σαφήνεια το πλαίσιο κωλυμάτων, και long-term informal effort by groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work αποφυγής are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. κανόνων σύγκρουσης των μελών της Κυβέρνησης, των Υand selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theσυμφερόντων depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: φυπουργών, των Γενικών καιAND Ειδικών Γραμματέων και των οργάνων διοίκησης του G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

δημοσίου τομέα. Παράλληλα, ρυθμίζεται η στελέχωση των ιδιαίτερων γραφείων των 252175 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

κυβερνητικών στελεχών από μετακλητούς υπαλλήλους και αποσπασμένους συνεργάτες ενώ καθορίζονται οι υποχρεώσεις, οι ευθύνες και τα ασυμβίβαστα των δημοσίων υπαλλήλων.  Με την παράγραφο 4 του άρθρου 4 θεσμοθετείται η ενημέρωση των πολιτών μέσω επίσημου ανακοινωθέντος ως προς τα θέματα που απασχόλησαν το Υπουργικό Συμβούλιο, κατόπιν ολοκλήρωσης της κάθε συνεδρίασης.  Στο άρθρο 28 προβλέπεται η λειτουργία της Γενικής Γραμματείας Επικοινωνίας και Ενημέρωσης, η οποία μεριμνά, By μεταξύ άλλων, για την της έγκυMr. George-Sp. C. «διασφάλιση ATHANASOPOULOS ρης, αντικειμενικής και πολυφωνικής πληροφόρησης των Ελλήνων πολιτών». Η ΓενιHarvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, κή Γραμματεία Επικοινωνίας και Ενημέρωσης αποτελεί διάδοχο σχήμα της Γενικής By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Γραμματείας Επικοινωνίας και της Γενικής Γραμματείας Ενημέρωσης, οι Architecture οποίες συStudent of the School of στάθηκαν με το ν.3242/2004. Technical University of Crete  Σε κάθε Υπουργείο συνιστάται Μονάδα Εσωτερικού Ελέγχου, επιπέδου Διεύ1. Introductory approach: Defining concept θυνσης, η οποία υπάγεται απευθείας στονthe οικείο Υπουργό, σύμφωνα με το άρθρο 39, 1. Introductory Defining the concept καιANTISTHENIS, είναι αρμόδια γιαapproach: το Υπουργείο και τους εποπτευόμενους αυτό οι the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCαπό - 370 BC,φορείς, Athens), οποίοι δεν έχουν δική τους Μονάδα Εσωτερικού Ελέγχου. Διαρθρώνονται σε δύο ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the Γραφεία, επιπέδου Τμήματος, ήτοι το Γραφείο Σχεδιασμού και Διενέργειας Εσωτεριamong other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a great the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content of“principle”: concepts. κών Ελέγχων και το Γραφείο Εσωτερικών Ερευνών και Διερεύνησης Καταγγελιών. Οι acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Μονάδες Εσωτερικού Ελέγχου έρχονται να συμπληρώσουν να εκσυγχρονίσουν το 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notκαι final, approach, the term gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification υφιστάμενο σύστημα εσωτερικού ελέγχου, βάσει των διατάξεων του ν. 3492/2006 1 gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various για την «Οργάνωση συστήματος ελέγχου για area, τη διασφάλιση της χρηστής δημοσιονοSociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usuallyΠροϋπολογισμού of low-income and there of artists, μικής διαχείρισης του Κρατικού και the τωνplacement εκτός του Κρατικού Προϋways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of πολογισμού φορέων και άλλες διατάξεις» και ιδίως το άρθρο 12, όπως τροποποιήθηthe operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this regardless of whatever other has, results rising of “change”, land prices (and κε και ισχύει, αναφορικά με τη σύσταση Μονάδων Εσωτερικού Ελέγχου σε όλαthe τα whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential Υπουργείαrelative και τις speculation). Αποκεντρωμένες Διοικήσεις της Χώρας καθώς και τους εποπτευόpotential relative The φορείς term gentrification is found atαπό firstτον in the UK in early 1960s and it refers Εto μενους τους.speculation). Η προβλεπόμενη ν.4622/2019 Μονάδα Εσωτερικού Theπεριλαμβάνει term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and refersμε the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor areas ofto λέγχου ευρύτερο και ουσιαστικότερο πεδίο αρμοδιοτήτων σε it σχέση theπροϋπάρχουσα then observed trend of wealthy people to there buy property inστην poor areas την μονάδα, οποίας ηsometimes δράση περιορίζεται ελεγκτική London, upgrade them, stayτης themselves andκυρίως thus old residents areof upgrade them, stay themselves there and old residents are –London, συμβουλευτική δραστηριότητα παροχής sometimes διαβεβαίωσης περί τηςthus επάρκειας των συbeing indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. στημάτων διαχείρισης και ελέγχου των Υπηρεσιών και των εποπτευόμενων φορέων A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth του Υπουργείου. Ειδικότερα, ενσωματώνει, μεταξύ άλλων, και A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the διαδικασίες work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in πλήρους other major ενδελεχούς διερεύνησης υποθέσεων και καταγγελιών, συμπεριλαμβανομένης της GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. προκαταρκτικής εξέτασης προανάκρισης, της ένορκης εξέτασης των cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issueήhas several διοικητικής scholars and for itsκαι more διαδικασιών για την πειθαρχική ήpreoccupied και την ποινική δίωξη scholars των υπαλλήλων, σύμφωνα Since then, the issue has several and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various μεcomprehensive τις κείμενες διατάξεις, ενώ διενεργεί προγραμματισμένους και έκτακτους approach are being summarized from theεσωτεριvarious interpretations ofεντολή the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: κούς ελέγχους με του Υπουργού και βάσει εγκεκριμένου προγράμματος ελεinterpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups γκτικών αποστολών. to “return” to the city,43leaving the purlieus for several high costs in money  Με το άρθρο θεσμοθετείται ένα νέο σύστημαreasons: προγραμματισμού και αξιοand time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack the λόγησης του έργου των κυβερνητικών στελεχών, το Συμβόλαιο Απόδοσης, το of οποίο 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, Ruth search GLASS for born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, better συνάπτει κάθε Γενικός και Ειδικός Γραμματέας με 1912-1940. τον οικείο Υπουργό καιwas περιέχει Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) τους στόχους αλλά και τις same δράσεις αυτόν κατά τη διάρκεια τηςfor Youth Unemployment. The yearπου sheαναμένονται left Germany από and after continuous movements lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. θητείας του. Το συμβόλαιο αυτό είναι προσβάσιμο στους πολίτες, μέσω της ανάρτηstudies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In και 1950 she teacher in the to another the is due tobecame a systematic and σής του στην ιστοσελίδα τηςapproach, Προεδρίας της Κυβέρνησης του οικείου Υπουργείου. University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying  Μεinformal το άρθρο 82 συνιστάται η Εθνική Αρχή Διαφάνειας, ωςbrokers Ανεξάρτητη Αρχή, her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. που αποσκοπεί στην ενίσχυση της διαφάνειας, ακεραιότητας και της λογοδοσίας and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. Londonτης 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: στην κρατική και κυβερνητική δράση, όπως επίσης στην πρόληψη και την αντιμετώG. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns 2.5. Προσαρμογή του ανθρώπινου δυναμικού στις σύγχρονες ανάγκες

πιση φαινομένων διαφθοράς. Στην Εθνική Αρχή Διαφάνειας λειτουργεί Μονάδα Επιθεωρήσεων και Ελέγχων, η οποία συγκροτείται σε Τομείς ανά θεματικό αντικείμενο. Ειδικότερα, όσον αφορά τον χώρο της υγείας, αντίστοιχος Τομέας της Αρχής λειτουργεί αντί του καταργηθέντος Σώματος Επιθεωρητών Υπηρεσιών Υγείας και Πρόνοιας.

της Δημόσιας Διοίκησης Η προσαρμογή του ανθρώπινου δυναμικού στις σύγχρονες ανάγκες της By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Δημόσιας Διοίκησης επέφερε αλλαγές στο Προσοντολόγιο – Κλαδολόγιο. Ειδικότερα, Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, με το άρθρο 104 συστήνεται διυπουργικός κλάδος προσωπικού ΠΕ Επιτελικών By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Στελεχών, ο οποίος διατρέχει το σύνολο των φορέων της δημόσιας διοίκησης και Student of the School of Architecture αποτελείται από τους επιμέρους κλάδους ΠΕ Αναλυτών Δημοσίων Πολιτικών, ΠΕ Technical University of Crete Νομοτεχνών και ΠΕ Αναλυτών Ψηφιακής Πολιτικής. Αποστολή των ως άνω κλάδων είναι η συνδρομή της πολιτικήςDefining και διοικητικής ηγεσίας με την εμπειρογνωμοσύνη 1. Introductory approach: the concept τους1. στους αντίστοιχους τομείς και η υποστήριξη του επιτελικού κέντρου Introductory approach: the concept (444 ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), διακυβέρνησης.

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startsΕΦΑΡΜΟΓΗ with of the content concepts. the 3. ΠΡΟΒΛΗΜΑΤΑ ΣΤΗΝ ΤΟΥ ΝΟΜΟΥ acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 3.1. Το ζήτημα τηςthis «επιτελικότητας» 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term Η επιτελικότητα του κρατικού μηχανισμού συνίσταται κυρίως στη δυνατότητα gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification του Κράτους και ειδικότερα των Υπουργείων να περιορίζονται σε επιτελικού τύπου Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various δραστηριότητες, ήτοιasτον σχεδιασμό και εφαρμογής Sociology as well), the “refining” of aτην cityπαρακολούθηση area, fromthere this,δημοσίων (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement of πολιτικών. Στην πράξη όμως, σύμφωνα με τους ισχύοντες Οργανισμούς των ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Υπουργείων, ένα μεγάλο ποσοστό των αναφερόμενων αρμοδιοτήτων the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof συγκαταλέγονται στις διαχειριστικού εκτελεστικού τύπου δραστηριότητες, οι whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, –results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative οποίες συνιστούν ένα σημαντικό καθημερινό φορτίο εργασίας και λειτουργούν συχνά potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to ανταγωνιστικά με την ενάσκηση καιandεποπτείας, The term gentrification found atστρατηγικού first in the UKσχεδιασμού in early 1960s itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy people to buy property in poor λαμβάνοντας υπόψη τους περιορισμούς σε ανθρώπινους και υλικούς πόρους. Δενof the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents are είναι άλλωστε σπάνιο φαινόμενο, μια τέτοια προσπάθεια αποσυμφόρησης των London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Υπουργείων από διαχειριστικού τύπου αρμοδιότητες και μεταφοράς τους σε being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included theπροσκρούει work of Sociologist Ruth περιφερειακές υπηρεσίες ή εποπτευόμενους φορείς,inνα σε παγιωμένες A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar major διοικητικές κουλτούρες που ενστερνίζονται τον συγκεντρωτισμό και in τηνother αντίσταση GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western by other Researchers. στην αλλαγή και countries, να δημιουργεί ένα περιβάλλον αβεβαιότητας και ανασφάλειας σε cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more αυτούς που τις ασκούν. Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from 3.2. Οργανική διάρθρωση Υπουργείων comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Ο ν.4622/2019 προβλέπει διαρθρωτικές αλλαγές στη δομή και λειτουργία των interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Υπουργείων. Ενδεικτικά αναφέρουμε τα οριζόμενα στην παράγραφο 2 του άρθρου 35, to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money σύμφωνα με την οποία, οι οριζόντιες υποστηρικτικές υπηρεσίες, ανεξαρτήτως and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the επιπέδου, που προβλέπονται στις οικείες οργανικές διατάξεις, ιδίως υπηρεσίες 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, ανθρώπινου διοικητικής υποστήριξης, και προϋπολογισμού, Berlin, whereδυναμικού, she made her first studies. In 1932 she οικονομικών published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for πληροφορικής, προμηθειών, οργάνωσης και μέριμνας, Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and απλούστευσης after continuousδιαδικασιών, lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague,υπάγονται London and New she came στον back to Υπηρεσιακό London, ποιότητας και αποδοτικότητας, εξ York ολοκλήρου in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and Γραμματέα. Η προβλεπόμενη από τον νόμο οργανική διάρθρωση συχνά in δεν University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying αποτυπώνεται στους ισχύοντες Οργανισμούς, με αποτέλεσμα, πράξη, να μην her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS στην ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., theCodepreciation initially of part the urban web, in τηρείται το γράμμα τουfor νόμου. το ίδιοof σκεπτικό, όπως 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd.Ακολουθώντας London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aπροαναφέρθηκε, variety of ways, order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually οι inΥπηρεσιακοί Γραμματείς εφεξής αναλαμβάνουν καθήκοντα

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

αποφαινόμενου οργάνου στο πλαίσιο της διενέργειας διαδικασιών ανάθεσης και εκτέλεσης δημοσίων συμβάσεων και ορίζονται διατάκτες του προϋπολογισμού του Υπουργείου τους. Η μη υπαγωγή των αντίστοιχων οργανικών μονάδων στον Υπηρεσιακό Γραμματέα, κατά τα οριζόμενα στους ισχύοντες Οργανισμούς, μπορεί να επιφέρει τη διατάραξη της εύρυθμης λειτουργίας του Υπουργείου, καθώς, για τα εν λόγω θέματα, εξουσία τελικής υπογραφής φέρει ένα διοικητικό όργανο, το οποίο δεν προΐσταται των αρμοδίων για την έκδοση των σχετικών διοικητικών πράξεων Υπηρεσιών. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Επιπρόσθετα, η αυτοδίκαιη με τον Graduate νόμο μεταφορά αρμοδιοτήτων σε Harvard University, School of Design, Student, νεοσύστατες Υπηρεσίες, όπως η Υπηρεσία Συντονισμού και η Υπηρεσία Εσωτερικού By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Ελέγχου, οι οποίες, μέχρι πρότινος, ασκούνταν από of προϋπάρχουσες οργανικές Student the School of Architecture μονάδες που εξακολουθούν να περιγράφονται στους ισχύοντες Οργανισμούς, συχνά Technical University of Crete επιφέρει σύγχυση και προβλήματα σχετιζόμενα με επικάλυψη ρόλων. Τέλος, οι λειτουργία μονάδων 1. Introductory approach:οργανικών Defining the conceptαπευθείας υπαγόμενων στην 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept πολιτική ηγεσία αίρει στην πράξη τη βούληση του νομοθέτη για- αποσαφήνιση των ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), ορίων πολιτικού και διοικητικού επιπέδου και ενδυνάμωση τουBC τελευταίου, μέσω της ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the ανάθεσης στους Προϊσταμένους Γενικών Διευθύνσεων της αρμοδιότητας τελικής among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the υπογραφής των ατομικών διοικητικών acquisition of knowledge starts with πράξεων. theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term Αναμφίβολα, η εναρμόνιση της λειτουργίας των Κεντρικών Υπηρεσιών των 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification Υπουργείων με 1τις επιταγές του νόμου δεν μπορεί να λειτουργήσει ανεξάρτητα από gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various την οργανική τους διάρθρωση και το γεγονός αυτό επιτάσσει την επικαιροποίηση Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usuallyδιαταγμάτων of low-income the placement there of artists, των υφιστάμενων προεδρικών πουand αποτυπώνουν τους Οργανισμούς με ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, etc. However “change”, regardless of λειτουργική ανακατανομή τωνrestaurants, περιγραφόμενων αρμοδιοτήτων τους. there

the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the 3.3. Εναρμόνιση νομοθετικών διατάξεων με τον ν.4622/2019 potential relative speculation). Κατά την εφαρμογή του νόμου, διαπιστώνονται περιπτώσεις όπου οι potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to νεοεισαχθείσες διατάξεις δεν τελούν σε αρμονία με το ισχύον θεσμικό πλαίσιο, όσον The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor αφορά στη ρύθμιση συναφών θεμάτων. the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof Χαρακτηριστικό παράδειγμα αποτελεί η περίπτωση από London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there του and προβλεπόμενου thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. τον ν.4622/2019 «Ενοποιημένου Σχεδίου Κυβερνητικής Πολιτικής», being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of thisτων phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth συμπεριλαμβανομένων «Σχεδίων Δράσης των inΥπουργείων», και της άμεσα A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar were in other major συναρτώμενης από αυτό, θεσμοθετημένης από το 2004, «Διοίκησης μέσω στόχων». GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Westernμεcountries, Researchers. Αναλυτικότερα, το άρθρο by 22other του ν.4369/2016 που αφορά στη στοχοθεσία, τίθεται cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has scholars των and for its more συγκεκριμένο πλάνο και χρονοδιάγραμμα γιαseveral τον καθορισμό στρατηγικών Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various στόχων και τη γνωστοποίηση και κατανομή τους σε κατώτερα ιεραρχικά επίπεδα, comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of theδεν phenomenon gentrification, theσυμβαδίζουν following: χρονικά διαδικασίες οι οποίες συνδέονται of λειτουργικά και δεν με το interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is κυβερνητικού dueof togentrification, a trendπρογραμματισμού, of a new of social groups ημερολογιακό πλάνο του ετήσιου σύμφωνα με τα οριζόμενα άρθρο του ν.4622/2019. to “return”στο to the city,52leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Συνεχίζοντας με το purlieus ίδιο σκεπτικό, υπενθυμίζουμε ότι, place σύμφωνα and time to travel from the to downtown, where work is, lackμεof την the παράγραφο 3 του άρθρου 37 του ν.4622/2019, «οι Υπηρεσιακοί 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, searchΓραμματείς for Berlin, where she made first studies. In 1932 published τους, important study entitled: ορίζονται τουher προϋπολογισμού των she Υπουργείων εξαιρουμένων των services ofδιατάκτες health, education, entertainment “at the heartan of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. Theαπόφαση same year του she left Germanyορίζει and after continuous for δαπανών για τις οποίες Υπουργού διατάκτη τον ίδιο ή άλλο lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, όργανο». Ο νόμος 4270/2014 «Αρχέςthe δημοσιονομικής διαχείρισης καιteacher εποπτείας in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became in the to another approach, phenomenon is due a systematic and (ενσωμάτωση τηςofΟδηγίας 2011/85/ΕΕ) - δημόσιο λογιστικό καιHer άλλες διατάξεις» University College London, where she continued her social research. public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her εναρμονιστεί work are characterized by aάνω passion for justice. also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. έχει με την ως πρόβλεψη, ωςSee προς την παράγραφο 1 του άρθρου and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS London 2009. The Free Encyclopedia: 65, όπου αναφέρεται πλέονAND ρητά Ltd. ο ορισμός του WIKIPEDIA: Υπηρεσιακού Γραμματέα ως Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aδιατάκτη variety του of ways, in order Abstract. to του achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually προϋπολογισμού Υπουργείου του. Εντούτοις, εξακολουθούν και

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

βρίσκονται σε ισχύ μη τροποποιημένες διατάξεις του ν.4270/2014 οι οποίες δημιουργούν σύγχυση όσον αφορά το εν λόγω θέμα, αναφέροντας ενδεικτικά το άρθρο 22, σύμφωνα με το οποίο, κάθε Υπουργός και κάθε επικεφαλής φορέα Γενικής Κυβέρνησης «διαχειρίζεται και εκτελεί τον προϋπολογισμό του Υπουργείου του ή του φορέα που προΐσταται». Επιπροσθέτως, στο πλαίσιο άσκησης καθηκόντων του Υπηρεσιακού Γραμματέα, έχουν ανακύψει ζητήματα σχετικά με την εφαρμογή του Υπαλληλικού Κώδικα, για τα οποία δεν υφίσταταιByάμεση νομοθετικήC. πρόβλεψη. Ενδεικτικά Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS αναφέρονται η απουσία πρόβλεψης αρμοδίου οργάνου και σχετικού ρυθμιστικού Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, πλαισίου για τη χορήγηση αδειών στους Υπηρεσιακούς Γραμματείς καθώς και η By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect απουσία πρόβλεψης αρμοδίου οργάνου για την Student αναπλήρωση αυτών σε περίπτωση of the School of Architecture απουσίας τους. Επίσης, δεν υφίσταται ρητή πειθαρχική αρμοδιότητα των Technical University of Crete Υπηρεσιακών Γραμματέων, όπως προβλέπεται άλλωστε στον Υπαλληλικό Κώδικα για το σύνολο της λοιπήςapproach: υπαλληλικής ιεραρχίας. 1. Introductory Defining the concept

1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, 4. ΣΥΝΟΨΗ - ΠΡΟΤΑΣΕΙΣ ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the Αδιαμφισβήτητα, ο ν.4622/2019 αποτελεί ένα ολοκληρωμένο νομοθέτημα που among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof “principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the στοχεύει στηof αύξηση της συνοχής καιthe τη definition βελτίωση of τηςthe λειτουργίας κρατικού acquisition knowledge starts with content ofτου concepts. Based, therefore, onπερίπτωση, this “principle” in a first,ενός if not final, approach, the term μηχανισμού. Σε κάθε η επιτυχία τέτοιου εγχειρήματος δεν 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification αξιολογείται μόνο σε επίπεδο θετού δικαίου αλλά κυρίως κατά την πρακτική 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various εφαρμογή του και τα παραγόμενα από αυτήν αποτελέσματα, όσον αφορά στη Sociology as well), as the “refining” ofκαι, a cityκατ΄ area, the fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andεπέκταση, theremoval placement λειτουργία της δημόσιας διοίκησης στην ποιότητα των ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation υπηρεσιών of art galleries, restaurants, of παρεχόμενων στους πολίτες. etc. However this “change”, regardless the operation ofconsequences artηgalleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and the Καταληκτικά, ουσιαστική και απρόσκοπτη ενσωμάτωση ενός σύγχρονου καιof other consequences has, results rising και of land prices (andτης the potential relative speculation). μεwhatever συστημική προσέγγιση νομοθετήματος στη also λειτουργία την κουλτούρα potential relative speculation). δημόσιας διοίκησης, προϋποθέτει πρωτίστως: The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term found atpeople first the UK in early 1960s and refersof  Την ενgentrification τοις πράγμασι εφαρμογή τωνin διατάξεων του νόμου, τηνitareas πιστή ε-to the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property inμε poor the then observed of wealthy sometimes people του to there buy property in poor areas φαρμογή των όρων καιtrend των (προάγοντας υποχρεωτική London, upgrade them, stayχρονοδιαγραμμάτων themselves and thusτην old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay sometimes there and thus old residents are και όχιindirectly ενδεικτική τήρηση τωνthemselves προθεσμιών) και με την αποφυγή εισαγωγής νεώτεbeing “squeezed”. ρων και ειδικότερων ρυθμίσεων που στην ουσία αίρουν το πνεύμα και τη βούληση being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth του νομοθέτη. A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major  Την προσαρμογή και εναρμόνιση του λοιπού υφιστάμενου θεσμικού πλαισίGLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. ου στιςinεπιταγές του νόμου, by συμπεριλαμβανομένου και του οργανωτικού πλαισίου cities Western countries, other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more των Since Υπηρεσιών. then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from  Την ενδυνάμωση του θεσμού του Περιφερειακού Κράτους και την ενίσχυσή comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: του σε πόρους και τεχνογνωσία, προκειμένου να γίνει αρωγός ενός αληθινά Επιτελιinterpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: a sense,2. theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups κούIn Κράτους to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Πηγές termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, The ν.4622/2019 (ΦΕΚ Α΄ 133), όπως ισχύει Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Αιτιολογική Έκθεση ν.4622/2019 YouthUnemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 2 Βλ.Wil. Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ: Διοίκηση και of Τοπική Αυτοδιοίκηση: and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part the urban web, in 10th edit. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd.Περιφερειακή London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Ελλάδα, άλλες Χώρες Μέλη Ε.Ε. Τόμοι Α΄ και Β΄. Αθήναι, 2012. Έκδοση Κέντρου Επιμόρφωσης, G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Μελετών, Έρευνας, Ανάπτυξης.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ Concerns Πανεπιστήμιο ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, 16/10/2019 By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, ΑξιότιμονArchitect Κύριον By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Student of the School of Architecture Μιχαλάκη ΛΕΠΤΟ Technical University of Crete Ιδρυτή και Πρόεδρο

Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Πάφος 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Σεβαστέ μου acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, onΠρόεδρε, this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Με την ευκαιρία της ΓΕΝΕΘΛΙΑΣ ΗΜΕΡΑΣ του Πανεπιστημίου, 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and (16 Οκτωβρίου, 2010) Σας εύχομαι βάθους καρδίας να έχετε ένα gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityαπό the removal (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Πανεπιστήμιο, όπως το ονευρευθήκατε, λειτουργικό, εθνοφελές, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, διεθνούς αναγνώρισης και εμβέλειας. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences resultsΣας, also rising of land το prices (and theof Εμπνεόμενος από τοhas, Όραμά αποστέλλω πρόσφατο whatever other consequences resultsεπί also26 rising of land (and the potential relative speculation). τεύχος του περιοδικού, πουhas, εκδίδω χρόνια, μεprices 21 κείμενα potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found«Τιμής at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to αναφερόμενα στο ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ Ένεκεν». The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Με κάθε τιμή being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ.recorded ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Μέλοςthe του Διοικ. Συμβ., Μέλοςseveral της Συγκλήτου, τ. Πρόεδρος και cities inτ.Western countries, by otherτ.Researchers. Since then, issue has preoccupied scholars and for its more νυν Καθηγητής Σχ. Νομ. και Κοιν. Επιστ. Πανεπ. ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various* Καθηγητής Μ.Π.Σ.Δ.Δ. Πανεπ. ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος Πάντειον comprehensive approach are being summarized from *the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: Πανεπιστήμιον Κοιν. και Πολιτ. Επιστημών, Ομότιμος * Καθηγητής Μετ. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Προγρ. Ινστιτ. Περιφ.the Ανάπτ. * Καθηγητής επί τιμή, Σχολής Εθνικής to “return” to the city, leaving purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Αμύνης Ελλάδος * Πανεπιστήμιον Αθηνών: Καθηγ. Προγρ. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack Τμήμ. of the Φαρμακευτικής * ExSociologist Καθηγητής Αξιωματικ. καιsearch Σχολ.for Εθνικής termat comes from RuthΣχολής GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in sense1. ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, better Berlin, where she made her Αστυνομίας first studies. In *1932 she publishedΑνωτ. an important study entitled: Ασφάλειας Ελληνικής Ex Καθηγητής Υγειονομ. Σχολ. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Αθηνών * Exof, Πρόεδρος Σχολής Δημοσιογραφίας Αθηνών *markets, Μέλος Δικηγ. lower living cost “withdrawal” from private access etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Συλλόγου *studies Δικηγόρος παρ. Αρείω Πάγω, Συμβ. Επικρατ., Ελεγκτ. in According 1943 sheΑθηνών published regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued social research. Her public action Συνεδρ. και Δικαστ. Ευρωπ. Ένωσ. καιher Συμβουλίου Ευρώπης *ofEx Ch. and L. long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Universite L. de Bruxelles *the Ex Inter. a l’ I.I.A.P., Paris * Κάτοχος Τιμητικής and selling real estate, etc., for depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Διακρίσεως LE PRIX EUROPEEN DES 12 ETOILES * Ιμβρου 6, 112 57, G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Αθήναι, τηλ. 00306944626140, 0035726843600

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Τα φιλολογικά σαλόνια της GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types ofΚωνσταντινούπολης Intervention, Definition, of intervention, Της Καλλιόπης ΣΤΕΡΙΑΔΟΥ ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Διδάκτορος του Παντείου Πανεπιστημίου Κοινωνικών Concerns και Πολιτικών Επιστημών, Συγγραφέως

Ο θεσμός του «φιλολογικού σαλονιού» ανάγεται C. περίπου στις αρχές του By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS κοσμοπολίτικη Κωνσταντινούπολη έφτασε στα 17ου αιώνα στο Παρίσι. Στην Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, άγνωστο στους κατοίκους, κυρίως μέσα του 18ου αιώνα και δεν ήταν By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect ευρωπαϊκής καταγωγής1. Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete Έτσι, πρέσβεις και αντιπρόσωποι της διπλωματίας, ταξιδιώτες και περιηγητές είναι εξοικειωμένοι με το θεσμό και τον προάγουν μαζί με το 1. Introductory approach: Defining the τοπικό στοιχείο και στην πρωτεύουσα τηςconcept αυτοκρατορίας. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient philosopher, Στη δημιουργία και τηνGreek λειτουργία των σαλονιών συνετέλεσαν η ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established great the ανάγκη των ανθρώπων να επικοινωνήσουν, αλλά και(444 ηa κοινωνική άνοδος της among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. γυναίκας, που ήταν η ψυχή και η κυρία του σαλονιού. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term Γιατί όμως «φιλολογικά»; 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area Planning) (or gentrification Ο όρος προϋποθέτει τον ευρύτεροisόρο «φιλολογία», απόofτον οποίο και 1 (and urban gentrification) gentrification isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various παράγεται. Δεν συνδέεται αυστηρά όμως με την επιστήμη της «φιλολογίας», Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of socialδηλαδή groups,των usually of low-income and the thereτου, of artists, με τη μελέτη στοιχείων του λόγου και placement των μνημείων αλλά ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of σχετίζεται με συζητήσεις προφορικές για έναν νεότερο κλάδο της φιλολογίας, the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this “change”, regardless of whatever other has, results rising of land prices (and the δηλαδή το δημιουργικό λόγο. also rising of land prices (and the τη λογοτεχνία, whatever other consequences has, results potential speculation). Οι relative συζητήσεις γίνονταν μεταξύ ατόμων που είχαν ανάλογα potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to ενδιαφέροντα σε χώρους isσυγκεκριμένους πουUK ήταν ιδιωτικοί ή δημόσιοι. The term gentrification found atpeople first in the in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of wealthy to buy property in poor των σπιτιών, τους δημόσιους τα Τους ιδιωτικούς τους αποτελούσαν οι σάλες the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof καφενεία, οι ταβέρνες, τα βιβλιοπωλεία, τα γραφεία περιοδικών και London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. εφημερίδων. Ακόμη και φαρμακεία. Στην Αθήνα ήταν το φαρμακείο του being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Χαρίλαου Χατζή στο Παγκράτι, θείου του inwere Δημήτρη Χατζή και major στη A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other Θεσσαλονίκη το φαρμακείο του Νίκου Γαβριήλ Πεντζίκη. Αλλά αυτά GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. αποτελούν ένα the άλλο θέμα, γιατί εδώ μας ενδιαφέρουν οι ιδιωτικοί τα cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, issue has preoccupied several scholars and forχώροι, its more σαλόνια. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Ένα μέρος της μόρφωσής του ο summarized άνθρωποςthe τοbelow, οφείλειfrom σ’ αυτούς που comprehensive approach are being the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, following: συναναστρέφεται. Και οι συναναστροφές μας, ανάλογα με την groups εποχή interpretations the phenomenon the following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new category of social στρέφονται περισσότερο ή λιγότερο προς το πνεύμα. Καμιά φορά ένα σημείο, to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money μια στιγμή, ένα γεγονός ρόλο καθοριστικό για τη ζωή μας.of the and time to travel from theσχετικό, purlieusπαίζει to downtown, where work place is, lack Έχω να διηγηθώ κάτι προσωπικό, που σχετίζεται μ’ αυτό που μόλις 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: είπα: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and 1 University College of London, where she continued research. brokers Her public and Η παρουσίαση αυτού του κειμένου έγινε:her α.social Σε εκδήλωση που διοργανώθηκε long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. από το Κέντρο Σπουδής και Ανάδειξης Μικρασιατικού Πολιτισμού (ΚΕ.ΜΙ.ΠΟ.) and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web,την in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 30/3/2015. β. Σε εκδήλωση του Συνδέσμου των τ. Γενικών Διευθυντών του Δημοσίου, των G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Ν.Π.Δ.Δ. και των Ο.Τ.Α. την 11/12/2019.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Στο Γυμνάσιο, είχα ένα μικρό τετράδιο, όπου μάζευα τα ποιήματα που μου άρεσαν. Το δάνεισα σ’ έναν συμμαθητή που μου το ζήτησε. Είχαμε και την τύχη να έχουμε και άριστους φιλολόγους και οι φιλολογικές συζητήσεις ήταν έντονες και στην τάξη και στα διαλείμματα. Έπειτα από πάρα πολλά χρόνια, μεγάλοι πλέον οι συμμαθητές, συναντηθήκαμε. Ο συμμαθητής που ανέφερα με πλησίασε και με συγκλόνισε μ’ αυτό που μου είπε: «Εγώ το ότι έγινα ψυχίατρος, το οφείλω στο τετράδιο By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS με τα ποιήματα που μου δάνεισες». Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Ποιοί λοιπόν σύχναζαν στα σαλόνια και C. έπαιρναν μέρος στις By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect συζητήσεις; Και τί είδους ήταν αυτές οι συζητήσεις; Student of the School of Architecture Λογοτέχνες, φιλόλογοι, δημοσιογράφοι, γιατροί και λόγιοι, ζωγράφοι, Technical University of Crete γλύπτες, μουσικοί, ηθοποιοί. Μιλούσαν και σχολίαζαν την πνευματική κίνηση, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept θέματα τέχνης και αισθητικής, ακόμα θέματα θρησκευτικά και εθνικά. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the ανέκδοτα concept (444 Έκριναν τις νέες the εκδόσεις, διάβαζαν έργα, ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, BC - προγραμμάτιζαν 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC στον -“principle”: 370 τύπο. BC, Athens), among otherκαι wise heritage heέκαναν left us,σχετικές he established a great the εκδηλώσεις πολλές φορές ανακοινώσεις among wise heritage he leftthe us, he established a greatof the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Καιother κάτι σημαντικό επίσης: Σεdefinition πολλές περιπτώσεις η“principle”: ιδέα για τη acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term δημιουργία και έκδοση ενός περιοδικού γεννήθηκε σ’ ένα φιλολογικό σαλόνι. 1 (and urban Based,επηρεασμένοι therefore, on this “principle” inindicated aάλλων first, ifπου notthe final, approach, the στο term gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification Κάποιοι, από τα γραπτά επίσης σύχναζαν 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various σαλόνι, ένοιωθαν την ανάγκη κι αυτοί να γράψουν, κι έτσι γεννήθηκαν οι Sociology as well), as απ’ the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this,γενιές» (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval of λογοτεχνικές παρέες τις οποίες σχηματίστηκαν οιplacement «λογοτεχνικές ή ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of ακόμα κι οι «σχολές», δηλαδή οι τεχνοτροπίες στο γράψιμο, ποιητικό ή πεζό. the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this regardless whatever has, results of “change”, land prices (and theof έπαιξαν Εκείother όμως που τα φιλολογικά σαλόνια τηςrising Κωνσταντινούπολης whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relativeρόλο, speculation). ήταν στο γλωσσικό ζήτημα. σημαντικότατο potential relative speculation). TheΑς term gentrification is τους: found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to δούμε την απαρχή The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to property in poor Οι μεταρρυθμίσεις που καθιερώθηκαν μεbuy το Τανζιμάτ (αναδιοργάνωση the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof στην Τουρκική γλώσσα), στις 3 Νοεμβρίου 1839, κατήργησαν την London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimesτου there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ανισότητα μεταξύ των υπηκόων του Οθωμανικού κράτους και έκαναν being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this της phenomenon inκαι the work of Sociologist Ruth αποδεκτό το δόγμα πολιτικήςisisincluded ισότητας του A description ofperiod, this phenomenon included in theτης workανεξαρτησίας of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations were recorded in other major θρησκεύματος, στο οποίο ανήκε ο κάθε ένας. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Οι μεταρρυθμίσεις αυτές άνοιξαν το δρόμο για τη δραστηριοποίηση των cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Ελλήνων τομέα της εκπαίδευσης. Έδωσαν τη δυνατότητα στο Sinceστον then,ζωτικό the issue has several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from Οικουμενικό Πατριαρχείο ναare αναπτύξει ακόμη περισσότερο την the εθναρχική comprehensive approach being summarized below, from various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: του ιδιότητα, ιδίως ρόλο πουofαυτό διαδραμάτιζε στην προώθηση της interpretations theστο phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups παιδείας. Τη δυνατότητα επίσης να αναπτύξει τη φιλολογική, to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high εκπαιδευτική, costs in money λαογραφική και from επιστημονική δραστηριότητά του Ελληνικός and time to travel the purlieus to downtown, where work place Φιλολογικός is, lack of the Σύλλογος Κωνσταντινουπόλεως, που ιδρύθηκε τοtown 1861 και η search δραστηριότητά 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside centres, Berlin, where sheέως madeτο her1923. first studies. In 1932 she published an important studyφορείς entitled: του διήρκησε Υπήρξε ένας από τους λαμπρότερους services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. Theστόχο same year she left Germanyτης and παιδείας, after continuous πολιτισμού με of, κύριο την προώθηση όχι μόνο etc. στην lower living cost “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where ελληνορθόδοξη κοινότητα της Κωνσταντινούπολης, αλλά σε ολόκληρη την in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and αυτοκρατορία. long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Ήδη real απόestate, το 1860forμια συντροφιά που τηνof αποτελούσαν ο and selling theCoμικρή depreciation initially of part the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS etc., SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ιατροφιλόσοφος Κωνσταντίνος Ηρακλής Βασιάδης, οι λόγιοι αδελφοί G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Δημήτριος και Κωνσταντίνος Καλλιάδης και ο διπλωμάτης Αριστείδης Παλαιολόγος συγκεντρώνονταν στην οικία του αρχίατρου Σπυρίδωνος Μαυρογένους. Εκεί αποφασίσθηκε η ίδρυση του σωματείου. Στις 17 Απριλίου 1861, οι ενδιαφερόμενοι συγκεντρώθηκαν στη Μεγάλη Οδό του Πέραν, στο μέγαρο του Χατζή Γεωργίου Κωνσταντινίδη (σημερινό Προξενείο της Ελλάδας) και ίδρυσαν τον «Εν Κωνσταντινουπόλει Ελληνικό Φιλολογικό Σύλλογο» κατά τα By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS πρότυπα των Ακαδημιών της Δυτικής Ευρώπης. Στην πρώτη συνεδρίαση του Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Συλλόγου, στις 4 Μαΐου εκλέχτηκε By Πρόεδρός του ο καθηγητής της Ιατρικής Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Σχολής, Σύμβουλος του Υπουργείου της Student Εκπαίδευσης και of the School προσωπικός of Architecture γιατρός του Σουλτάνου Μαχμούτ Β’, Στέφανος Καραθεοδωρής. Technical University of Crete Οι μεταρρυθμίσεις άνοιξαν το δρόμο επίσης στον πληθωρικό και 1. Introductory approach: the concept πολιτικοποιημένο ημερήσιο Defining και περιοδικό τύπο της ομογένειας. Τέλος στην 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), γενική πνευματικότητα της Κωνσταντινούπολης. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Έτσι αναπτύχθηκαν και οιGreek «απογευματινές συναντήσεις» λογίων και among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. καινοτόμων γυναικών διανοουμένων καθώς και ταhe «φιλολογικά σαλόνια» acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, on this “principle” a first, not final, approach, the term όπως τηςtherefore, Σοφίας Σπανούδη, αλλά και τηςif of μπροστάρισας Αλεξάνδρας 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification Παπαδοπούλου, της καλλίτερης ίσως διηγηματογράφου της εποχής της.the term 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Στα σαλόνια υπήρχε οξεία, αλλά πολύ ενδιαφέρουσα αντιπαράθεση Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, removal fromthere this, of (in various ways), of«καθαρολόγων social groups, usually of low-income andthe theαπό placement artists, μεταξύ και δημοτικιστών» γύρω το γλωσσικό ζήτημα. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of this “change”, of Σημειώνεται ότιartτοgalleries, Μεικτόrestaurants, Συμβούλιο etc. τουHowever Πατριαρχείου συχνά regardless καλούσε σε the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the απολογία δημοτικιστές εκπαιδευτικούς που κατηγορούνταν ότιof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative καλλιεργούσαν τη «μαλλιαρή» γλώσσα. Ο Πατριάρχης Ιωακείμ ο Γ’ το 1911 με potential relative speculation). The termτου gentrification found της at first in the UK inτης earlyκαθαρεύουσας 1960s and it refers to εγκύκλιό τασσόταν isυπέρ προστασίας από The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor οποιαδήποτε «μαλλιαρική και χυδαϊστική» επιρροή. Στο σημείο αυτό βεβαίως, the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, themselves thus old residents areof πρέπει να αναφερθεί οstay ρόλος της Φαναριώτικης ελίτ,and που ήταν London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus oldαντίθετη residentsσε are being indirectly “squeezed”. κάθε λαϊκότροπη κουλτούρα και το Οικουμενικό Πατριαρχείο ήταν εκ being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth φύσεως συντηρητικό. φιλολογικά σαλόνια λοιπόν ως A description ofperiod, this Τα phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded workλειτούργησαν of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar inκατάστασης other major ζυμωτήρια ιδεών και ως προπύργια αγώνων για την αλλαγή της GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. που επικρατούσε. Είχαν σημαία τους, τον αγώνα για την καθιέρωση στην cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more εκπαίδευση της γλώσσας λαού, της δημοτικής. Since then, the issueτου has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from Ας, δούμε λοιπόν ορισμένα απ’ αυτά τα σαλόνια, που πρέπει να τα comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: τοποθετήσουμε χρονολογικά από το 1900 και μετά. Τους πρωτεργάτες και interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups τους κύκλους των ανθρώπων που σύχναζαν σ’ αυτά. Το ρόλο επίσης που to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money έπαιξαν πνευματικά μόνο του καιρού τους, καιofτων and time στα to travel from the ζητήματα, purlieus to όχι downtown, where work placeαλλά is, lack the μετέπειτα χρόνων. 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin,1.where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: (1849 – 1936), Πριν από το1900 ακόμα, ο γιατρός Φώτης Φωτιάδης services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for δεχόταν στο σπίτι του στο Σταυροδρόμι, τη διανόηση του καιρού του. lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Γεννήθηκε στοstudies Νεοχώρι του the Βόσπορου το In 1849. Ηsheγυναίκα του, γόνος in According 1943 she published regarding cityphenomenon planning. 1950 teacher in the to another approach, is due tobecame a systematic and University CollegeΣταύρου of London, where she continued social καλή research. Her public action and της οικογένειας Σουβατζόγλου, είχεher επίσης μόρφωση. Έχοντας long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. κερδηθεί οreal Φωτιάδης από «το Ταξίδι» του initially Ψυχάρηofκαι τοurban πάθος του and selling estate, etc., for theCodepreciation partαπό of the web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: δεύτερου για την καθιέρωση της γλώσσας του λαού, επιδόθηκε παράλληλα με G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

την άσκηση της ιατρικής και στη μελέτη του γλωσσικού ζητήματος, το οποίο ταύτιζε με την αναγέννηση της Ελλάδας. Θεωρείται ο εισηγητής του εκπαιδευτικού δημοτικισμού. Είναι επίσης από τους πρώτους που έγραψαν επιστημονικές εργασίες στη δημοτική γλώσσα αποδεικνύοντας την αποτελεσματική χρήση της και στην επιστήμη. Το κήρυγμά του επηρέασε δημοτικιστές όπως ο Αλέξανδρος Δελμούζος και ο Μανόλης Τριανταφυλλίδης. Στο σαλόνι, ανάμεσα στις βαριές βιβλιοθήκες του, κυριαρχούσαν η λεπτή By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS σκέψη, τα συναισθήματα του σοφού γιατρού, αλλά και πρακτικού ανθρώπου Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, και φωτεινού κοινωνικού οδηγητή. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Ήταν ένας απ’ αυτούς τους χώρους,Student που γνώρισμά τουςof είχαν, την of the School Architecture επαναστατικότητα και την εναντίωσή τους στο λογιοταυτισμό, τη Technical University of Crete σχολαστικότητα, την αλύγιστη καθαρεύουσα που κυριαρχούσε στον Τύπο, Introductory conceptή όχι. στο1.Σχολείο, σ’ όλοapproach: το φάσμαDefining της ζωής,the δημόσιας 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept που Εκεί συγκεντρώνονταν οπαδοί Ψυχάρη, μετρημένοι, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greekτου philosopher, (444τότε BC -ήταν 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, among other wise heritage left us,τους. he established a great the αλλά γεμάτοι πάθος για τιςhe απόψεις Μετά το (444 Φωτιάδη, ήταν ο Athens), λόγιος, among wise left us,definition he και established a greatυποστήριξη the acquisition of knowledge startshe with the of οικονομική the content of“principle”: concepts. του που ήτανother ικανός στηheritage δημιουργική εργασία την acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, ifκαι not final, approach, term αγώνα Αλέξανδρος Πάλλης, Πειραιώτης ποιητής μεταφραστής τηςthe Ιλιάδας 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first,Σιώτης if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area ofκαι Planning) (or gentrification και της Αγίας Γραφής στη δημοτική, ο Ιωάννης γιατρός Υπουργός 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various το 1923 της Παιδείας στην Ελλάδα, ο δημοκράτης Γιάγκος Παπάς, ο γιατρός Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), ofΜιλτιάδης social groups, usually ofοlow-income andthe theremoval placement επίσης Λογοθέτης, ποιητής Δημήτριος Τανταλίδης. Στο ίδιο ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, However μουσικός, this “change”, regardless of σαλόνι σύχναζαν επίσης: restaurants, Η Σοφία etc. Σπανούδη, μουσικολόγος, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the συγγραφέας, η Αλεξάνδρα Παπαδοπούλου. Ο Ίων Δραγούμης, πολιτικόςof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Γραμματέας τότε της Ελληνικής Πρεσβείας τους Πόλης. Ο θεατρικός potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to συγγραφέας, τρυφερός πεζογράφος, ασκητικός ποιητής Άγγελος Σημηριώτης: The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor (1870 – 1944). the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ΠΡΟΣ ΤΗΝ ΜΗΤΕΡΑ ΜΟΥ ΝΕΚΡΑΝ being indirectly “squeezed”. A description ofήθελα this phenomenon is included inΣταυρωμένοι, the work of Sociologist Ruth Θα εκκλησιές ειν’ οι A description ofperiod, this στις phenomenon isπου included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations major ν’ ακολουθώ μονάχος μουsituations το ψυχομάχημά των, ininother GLASS at the same period, while similar were recorded other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. κιcountries, η ώρα ναby ‘ναι, βραδινή κι ο ήλιος να παθαίνει cities in Western other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more στα πόδια των και να θωρώ τα several μαύρα δάκρυά των! Since then, the issue has scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Κι απ’ τους παπάδες, που ‘ν’ εκεί θαμμένοι, όμπροστά μου, interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups θα ήθελα να στυλωθεί κανείς, που να νομίσει to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money είμαι άγαλμα και στηνwhere ακινησιά μου and time to travelπως from the λύπης purlieus to downtown, work place is, lack of the πάρει το θυμιατερό και να 1912-1940. μεtown λιβανίσει. termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety theναdistributed residencies outside centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous Κι΄ ακόμα για να πάψουνε οι μαύροι λογισμοί μου, lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, ανάμεσα σεregarding δυό κεριά να ήμουν ξαπλωμένος! in According 1943 she published studies city planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where sheποθεί continued her social Her public and Μα ειν’ εκείνο, που περσότερο η research. ψυχή μου, long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. ναestate, ‘μουν νεκρός, καλά νεκρός, βαθιά στη γη θαμμένος. and selling real for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS etc., SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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αυτοδημιούργητος γλωσσολόγος Μένος GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Δημοτική - Καθαρεύουσα Concerns «Ο λογοτέχνης έχει κάθε δικαίωμα να κατασκευάζει και να τεχνουργεί τη

Ο παθιασμένος επίσης Φιλήντας: (1870 – 1934).

δημοτική του άδολη, άμιχτη, ιδανική, χωρίς να επιτρέπεται στους διαστρεμμένους από την καθαρεύουσα να του κατηγορούνε τη δημοτική του, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS αυτή, πως είναι τάχα αυθαίρετη, πως δεν είναι η κοινά μιλούμενη ελληνική, πως Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, δεν την καταλαβαίνουνε κτλ. μόνο By καιMr. μόνο γιατί δενC.τη γράφει μιχτά, δεν George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect ανακατώνει δηλαδή μαυτήνε στοιχεία από Student την καθαρεύουσα, που γιαυτόνε of the School of Architecture βέβαια είναι περιττά, είναι και αντικαλλιτεχνικά και αντιαισθητικά ως προς το Technical University of Crete ιδανικό που επιδιώκει. 1. Introductory theδικαίωμα concept να τον κρίνουνε αν ξέρει τη Το δημοτικό approach: συγγραφέαDefining έχουνε το 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept δημοτική, αν γράφει the καλά τη δημοτική, είναι αριστοτέχνης ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek αν philosopher, (444 BC -στη 370δημοτική. BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 Athens), amongΗother wise heritage he left γενεά us, heναι established a great the τρεχούμενη σπουδασμένη μεν παραδέχτηκε σταBC, θεωρητικά among other wiseεπηρεασμένη heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of αλλά knowledge startshe with ofτου the content concepts. του τη δημοτική, από την επίδραση καθαρευουσιάνικου acquisition of knowledge starts withστη theδημοτική of the content of concepts. Based,ανέχεται therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, ifστοιχεία not final, approach, theξαίρει term σχολείου αισθητικά μέσα ξένα, γιατί δεν 1 (and urban Based, therefore, “principle”να inindicated aτηfirst, if (in not final, approach, the term gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification τη δημοτική. Κι αντί on να this προσπαθήσει μάθει, προτιμά από οκνηρία να 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various γράφει μιχτά, και για να στηριχτεί, κατηγορεί από εγωισμό τους προκομμένους Sociology as well), as the of a city area, fromthere this, (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually andthe theremoval placement of δημοτικούς λογοτέχνες με“refining” όλες of τηςlow-income ανεπιστημοσύνες που είπαμε πιο απάνου». ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation galleries,τη restaurants, However this “change”, regardless of Ήθελε of ο art Φωτιάδης δημοτικήetc. γλώσσα όργανο για όλους, λεύτερο, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the λεύτερου νου. Το αίτημά του ξεκίνησε με τα περίφημα έξη γράμματα του στηνof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative εφημερίδα «Ταχυδρόμος» ανέδειξε το σαλόνι του σε έναν παράγοντα που potential relative speculation). The termτην gentrification is found at first in the UK inκαι early it refers to επηρέασε κοινωνία της Κωνσταντινούπολης το 1960s έκανεand κέντρο μιας The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor ξεχωριστής πνευματικής ζωής, συγκινώντας, επηρεάζοντας και κερδίζοντας the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof τη λαϊκήupgrade ψυχή. them, Δεν περιορίστηκε μόνο στη θεωρητική του London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and αντιμετώπιση thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. κινήματος για την καθιέρωση της δημοτικής, αλλά προχώρησε τολμηρά και being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of συλλόγου this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth στην ενός στην Κωνσταντινούπολη το 1905 με το όνομα Aίδρυσή description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major «Ανάσταση» όπως ονομάστηκε στην αρχή, αλλά σε were πολλές γραπτές μαρτυρίες GLASS at the same period, while similar situations recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. αναφέρεται ως «Αδελφάτο τηςother Εθνικής Γλώσσας»: cities in Western countries, by Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from η Στο σπίτιbelow, του Φωτιάδη Συνεδρία 1approach comprehensive are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: 3 Απρίλη 1905 Κεριακή interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Εμείς οι τέσσερις: Φώτης Φωτιάδης γιατρός, Γιάννης Σιώτης γιατρός, to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Γιάγκος Παντελίδης Παππά έμπορος και Δημητρός Τανταλίδης ελεχτής and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack ofτου the Μονοπωλείου του Τουμπεκιού, συναγμένοι σήμερις, 3 Ruth Απρίλη 1905 μέραin 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. GLASS wasbetter born sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin, where she her first studies. In 1932 she published an important entitled: Κεριακή 7 made τα απομεσήμερο, στο σπίτι τουheart γιατρού Φωτιάδη, services ofώρα health, education, entertainment “at the of theΦώτη city”,study (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for αποφασίσαμε και ιδρύσαμε αδελφάτο με τα’ όνομα: lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Η Ανάσταση in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public and Μια informal ιδέα μας ένωσε:by Όσο η Κυβέρνηση στην Ελλάδα καιbrokers η Εκκλησία εδώ long-term effort organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. μας επιβάλλουν για όργανο γλωσσικό την καθαρεύουσα είναιofαδύνατο τοweb, έθνος and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part the urban in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: να νοιώση τη ψυχή του, αδύνατο και να την καλλιεργήση κατά το δικό της τον G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 252185 11

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ιδιαίτερο χαραχτήρα, αδύνατο να ιδή των νέων γενεών το νού να βλαστήση στα 1. Introductory approach: Defining the γράμματα, στην τέχνη, στις επιστήμες, στονconcept ανθρωπισμό. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Μια απόφαση the μας ancient δεσμεύει από δω και μπρος.(444 Να κάνουμε ANTISTHENIS, Greek philosopher, BC - 370ό,τι BC,μπορούμε Athens), . να του ANTISTHENIS, the Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370ναBC, Athens), among other wiseκαι heritage he left us, he established a δώσουμε great the καταλάβη για να σπείρουμε στοancient έθνος την ιδέα αφτή among other wise us,definition he established a επίσημη greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with the of theτην content concepts. πόση ανάγκη έχει ναheritage γκρεμίση τοleft γρηγορώτερο αυτή και φκιαστή acquisition of knowledge starts theστον the content of concepts. Based,πόση therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the μόνη term γλώσσα, ανάγκη έχει ναwith βάλη τόπο της τη δημοτική, τη 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inστο a first, if (in notthe final, approach, term gentrification) indicated area of Planning) (or gentrification αληθινή της ψυχής του γλώσσα, αυτήis σκολειό, αυτή στο νόμο,theστην 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification . Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various πολιτεία, σ’ όλα τέλος ότι όσο δεν το κάνει αυτό θα μένη η ψυχή του σκλάβος Sociology as well), as the “refining” of area, the from this, (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of andτην theremoval placement there of αλευτέρωτος, δίχως ελπίδα ναlow-income ιδήa city ποτές αληθινή του εσωτερική ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of ξαναγέννηση. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the Ξέρουμε τον κατατρεγμό που γίνεται στους οπαδούς της δημοτικήςof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative παντού: στην Ελλάδα μέσα από το Πανεπιστήμιο, από τους υπουργούς της potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found first in the UKαπό in early 1960s andΞέρουμε it refers εκ to από τοatΠατριαρχείο, τις Εφορίες. παιδείας, από το νόμο. εδώ The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor πείρας, από μια τελευταία μας επίσκεψη στον Πατριάρχη, τι μας περιμένει. the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves andξεριζώση thus old residents areof Ξέρουμε όμως πως για κάθε ιδέα πουsometimes σκοπό έχει να παλιές και London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. βαθυοριζωμένες στραβιές χρειάζεται να είναι ο καθένας έτοιμος για κάθε θυσία being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ακόμα και σ’ εξευτελισμό και σε ταπείνωση. A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in της other major Υπομονή λοιπόν είναι το πρώτο που χρειάζεται κάθε οπαδός Ιδέας κι GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. αυτό ας του θυμίζη και η ρήτρα μας η επίσημη: «Τάς σιαγόνας μου έδωκα είς cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more ραπίσματα, το the πρόσωπόν μου ούκ απέστρεψα από and αισχύνης και Since then, issue has several below, scholars for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from the εμπτυσμάτων». comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Υπομονή καιthe μ’ αυτή μαζή κι of επιμονή για πάηthe ωςfollowing: την άκρη του δρόμου interpretations phenomenon In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new category of social groups που θα ‘ναι δύσκολος και μακρύς. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Η toκίνηση όπως ήταν επόμενο, προκάλεσε τηνplace πολεμική and time travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work is, lack ofτων the συντηρητικών λόγιων, καιRuth τηνGLASS, παρακολούθηση του σπιτιού τουin 1.of The termat comes from ακόμα Sociologist 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS wasbetter born sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin, where she made her firstΑστυνομία. studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Φωτιάδη την Τουρκική services ofαπό health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for YouthΤο Unemployment. The same είχε year she Germanyσημαντικών and after continuous Αδερφάτο όμως τη left στήριξη ανθρώπων lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.του studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where πνεύματος στην Ελλάδα και στην Ευρώπη: Της Πηνελόπης Δέλτα, του Ίωνα in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College London, where sheφυσικά, continued her social research. brokers Her public and Δραγούμη, του of Γιάννη του Αλέξανδρου Δελμούζου, του long-term effort Ψυχάρη by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Κωστή Παλαμά. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Συνεχίζεται… G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION THE TRAFFIC Definition, Types ofLIGHT Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Georgios-Spyridon Gentrification ATHANASOPOULOS PhD Candidate - Department of Engineering - University of Cambridge Concerns Lecturer in Digital Architecture - Kent School of Architecture and Planning

Harvard University - Graduate School of Design MAUD 2014 Technical University ofBy Crete School of Architecture BArch 2012 Mr. -George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

Introduction The purpose of this essay is to make an attempt to detect the influences 1. Introductory approach:in Defining concept of the theory of anarchism utopianthe projects that were conducted through 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept theANTISTHENIS, twentieth century. The selected projects that include the ancient Greek philosopher, (444are BC -analyzed 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 among other wise heritage he left he established a great the Ebenezer Howard’s Garden City, Leus, Corbusier’s Contemporary CityBC, andAthens), Frank among other wise heritage he us,definition he to established a greatof “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the the content concepts. Lloyd Wright’s Broadacre City. Inleft addition theof investigation of influences of acquisition knowledge starts theindefinition the content concepts. Based, on this “principle” aorfirst, if of not final, approach, the the theorytherefore, ofofanarchism to the with architects to the projects, theofessay willterm try 1 (and urban Based, therefore, “principle” inindicated a first,utopia if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area (or gentrification to examine the degreeoninthis which each proposed could beofa Planning) reflection of 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various an ideal world that would be based on anarchism. At this point, in order for Sociology astowell), asathe “refining” of aperhaps city area, removal this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there artists, the reader have clear picture, itthe would be from useful to of refer to ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, 1: the operationdefinition of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Kropotkin’s of anarchism the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof “Anarchism (from the Gr. has, άν-, results and αρχή, authority), is the whatever otherspeculation). consequences alsocontrary rising oftoland prices (and the potential relative name given to a principle or theory of life and conduct under which society is potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to conceived without government-harmony in such a society being obtained, not by The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed of wealthytosometimes people to there buy property in poor areas submission to law, ortrend by any authority, but thus by free agreements London, upgrade them, stayobedience themselves and old residents areof London, upgrade them, themselves sometimes there andprofessional, thus old residents are concluded between thestay various groups, territorial and freely being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. constituted for the sake of production and consumption, as also for the A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth satisfaction of the infinite variety needs and aspirations of a civilized being.” GLASS at the same while of similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. For both Howard’s Garden City and Frank Lloyd Wright’s Broadacre City cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more the Since influences theissue anarchist Peter Kropotkin arescholars quite evident. is then,ofthe has several andthe forWhat its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from various more interesting isapproach the case ofare Le being Corbusier’s Contemporary City. Even though comprehensive summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: the persists in the issignificant roleof of architecture shaping a interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: Inarchitect a sense, the phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trend a new ofinsocial groups utopian world and probably denies proposing new social structures, there to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money might be to still an attempt expresstohis political ideas his project. and time travel from thetopurlieus downtown, wherethrough work place is, lack of the From a single perspective what all projects seem to have in for common 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search better Berlin, where sheabsence made her of firstany studies. In 1932inshe published an city important study entitled: would be the element the utopian that stops the services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for movement, by any means, of the individual. In other words, all projects are lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, characterized by the absence of the traffic light. The traffic light marks a in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and system of informal laws andeffort canons that are required by a society in orderof forbuying it to long-term by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 1 azʹ 1842-1921., Emile Capouya ed., and Keitha Tompkins G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually ed. The Essential Kropotkin. 1st ed. New York: Liveright, 1975. Print. p. 108.

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work properly. Removing the traffic light probably underlines a position of such laws being unnecessary. In that sense, one axis of this essay would be the understanding of the role of infrastructure in the examined utopian projects. In addition to that, each utopian project will not only be examined in terms of its architectural qualities, but as well as in terms of its proposed social structure as a utopian model. The attempt is to decode each project in terms of its political principles and to detect these extensions that could be related to By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS anarchism.

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Ebenezer Howard’s Garden City Technical University of Crete

Town and country mustthe beconcept married, and out of this joyous union 1. Introductory approach: Defining 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept will spring a new hope, a(444 newBC life,- a370 new civilization ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established Ebenezer a great “principle”: the Howard, 1898 among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Ebenezer Howard’s model for garden cities first published in 1898 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, ifwas notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification through his book “To-morrow: a PeacefulisPath to Real butPlanning) it was the 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (inReform”, thefrom areathis, of (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal (in various second edition of the book in 1902ofthat was entitled as “Garden Cities of ToSociology as well), as the “refining” a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, mor-row” that made hisusually modelofpopular. Theand plan ofplacement Howard’sthere garden city ways), of social groups, low-income thethis of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of consists of clear geometries that are articulated through concentric circles. the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof The innerrelative circle the role ofhas, a central hosting additional whatever otherplays consequences resultspark, alsocapable rising ofofland prices (and the potential speculation). recreational activities, and the outer ring is the place where factories and potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to workshops are located. The disc is divided by six radiuses that play the role The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersof the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto boulevards, and through that division,sometimes a number of plots created in order toof the then observed trend of wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves andisthus old residents are accommodate houses gardens. A circlethere in the as are a London, upgrade them,and staymore themselves sometimes andmiddle thus oldworks residents being indirectly “squeezed”. 2“squeezed”. that is dedicated to circulation. The outer ring is also “grand avenue” being indirectly A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth connected to asame railway connects theinwere garden cityoftoSociologist other A description ofperiod, thissystem phenomenon is situations included the recorded work Ruth GLASS at the whilethat similar in othergarden major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities and facilities the transportation of goods, as well as the transfer of raw cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, byfor other Researchers. materials that the are needed manufacturing. In scholars a similarand way, Since then, issue has preoccupied several for by its using more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more concentric circles, in his model for what he calls as ”social city” comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from theEbenezer various comprehensive approach aregarden being summarized below, the various Howard combines a number of cities in order createfrom a network that interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, theto following: interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: could usedthe asof a potential plan to be applied in amultiple scalesof ofsocial growth. In abe sense, phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of new groups Eventothough simplicity of for geometries seemshigh to costs be ain crucial to “return” the city, the leaving the purlieus several reasons: money component in Ebenezer Howard’s for example, in work orderplace to keep a specific and time to travel from the purlieus plan, to downtown, where is, lack of the 3, thefor 1.of The term comes from Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in British tolerance of at scales andSociologist distances, according to Peter Hall sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search better Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services ofwas health, entertainment “atforms. the heart the city”, (possibly) visionary not education, at all interested in physical Hisof main concern was to Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. generate a series of radical social processes. From that point of view, a first studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and 2 long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Eb z H wa d “T T w -C u y Mag ” Ga d C f T m w [1898] her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. (Cambridge MA: MIT, 1965),etc., p. 24. and selling real estate, for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 3 Ha “T C y Ga d ” C f T m w. 3 d Ed . (Camb dg Ma .: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

Blackwell, 1995), p.95.

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thing that is interesting about Howard’s model, regarding the purposes of this essay, and independently from the structural components of the plan, would be the new social structure of his utopian venture. Howard’s new social structure lies, first of all, in the relocation of the industries. By moving the industries to the periphery of his garden cities, Howard attempts to provide equal healthy living conditions to the inhabitants of his settlements, by removing all the polluting and harmful functions outside of the city. In By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS addition to that by creating a series of gardens and open spaces, Howard tries Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, to create conditions of interactions among the residents. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Regarding the relocation of industries, Peterof Hall arguesof about the Student the School Architecture influences of Howard from the British economist Alfred Marshall, who had Technical University of Crete already suggested, since 1884, the removal of “large classes of population into 4, and approach: Introductory Defining the concept how this would benefit both the ones who would move and the1.country” 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept theANTISTHENIS, ones that would Booth,(444 a British philanthropist, theremain ancientback. GreekCharles philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 Athens), among other heritage he left us,of he established a great the shared similarwise ideas about the rights the labor force to “live asBC, families in among other wise being heritage he left us, he established a well greatof “principle”: the 5 But acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the concepts. industrial groups, well fed, well-housed, andcontent warmed”. acquisition of knowledge starts with the of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on not this “principle” indefinition afor first, not final, approach, term Howard’s attempt was to create cities theifpoor. His goal was tothe release 1 (and urban Based, this “principle” inindicated aslum. first, And if (in notprobably final, approach, the term gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification the city andtherefore, the labor on force from the urban this proves his 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various influences from the anarchist Peter Kropotkin. These influences could be Sociology as well), asin the “refining” of a city fromthere this, of (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement artists, detected not only Howard’s will toarea, relocate the industries on the ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation ofof arthis galleries, etc. However this “change”, of Hall remarkably pointsregardless out, but in circumference gardenrestaurants, cities6,as Peter the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the Howard’s will to create towns of limited population that would be surroundedof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative by agricultural green belts. In other words, Kropotkin’s influence to Howard potential relative speculation). term gentrification found at firstininhis thegarden UK in cities, early 1960s it refers to liesThe in the latter’s vision toisincorporate both and the industrial The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor and the agricultural parts of the city. And this aspect could be found in the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents 7 about the division of functions in the cities that are is Kropotkin’s ideasthem, London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. condemned to disappear, which is a condition that, according to the Russian being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of industries this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth anarchist, will lead to be located side by side to agriculture. A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar ingarden other major Another aspect regarding the socialsituations structurewere of Howard’s cities GLASS at the same period, while similar recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. that would be interesting to with the scope of this paper, would be cities in Western countries, byexamine other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more his ideas the outcoming wealth of several his cities. Howard’s was Sinceregarding then, the issue has scholars andattempt for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the tocomprehensive create a surplusapproach value of the agricultural land where the garden city various would are being summarized below, from the interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: be located. That would come through the development of the garden city and interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups its ability to produce goods. But Howard’s political intentions were to in offer the to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs money wealth that would come from the surplus of land values back to the and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth4Unemployment. year after Ha “T CThe y sameGa d she ” left C Germany f T m andw. 3 d continuous Ed . (Camb dg Ma .:for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research Blackwell, 1995), p.91. in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, 5 she published in According 1943 studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and ibid. University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and 6 long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying ibid. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 7 azʹ Fields, Factories and Workshops : Or, and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. 1842-1921. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Industry Combined with Agriculture and Brain Work with Manual Work. New, rev., and enlarged ed. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually New York ; London: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1913. Print. p. 22.

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community. The community then would have the ability to invest the funds in services and amenities that the city would need. And probably this reflects ideas that could be found in common with the ideology of anarchism, the sense of common good that comes as a result of individual action. Peter Hall argues how Howard dreamed of “voluntary selfgoverning communities”8, and how his garden cities could be used as “the vehicles for a progressive capitalist society into an infinity of cooperative By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS commonwealths.” Howard’s attempt was to create a third socio- economic Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, system that would exceed both capitalism and centralized government. Both By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect the role of the community and the role of the individual would be of equal Student of the School of Architecture importance in his garden cities. The individuals thatTechnical would produce goods in University of Crete small scale workshops and manufactures would offer the surplus back to the 1. Introductory approach: Defining concept services. community that would then be capablethe of providing 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept A final aspectthe of ancient Howard’s model that probably indicates influences ANTISTHENIS, Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage leftinus,which he established avisionary great the from Kropotkin would be theheway the British perceives the among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition hedecentralization established a great the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content of“principle”: concepts. idea of transportation. For Kropotkin, the of industries could acquisition knowledge starts theindefinition of the content of would concepts. Based, on this “principle” a first,ofif technology not final, approach, theallow term only cometherefore, toofreality through thewith achievements that 1 (and urban therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated asystems first, if (in not final, the term gentrification) the area of Planning) (or gentrification the Based, construction of rapid transportation both forapproach, goods and for 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various people. It seems that for both Kropotkin and Howard the role of the Sociology as asthese the “refining” of a city area, this, (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement there of advantages ofwell), using systems had to be offered in equalfrom terms among the ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation art galleries, etc.the However “change”, regardless of members of aofsociety. And restaurants, this is exactly point this where the significance of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the Howard’s geometry plays an important role, even if this was a priority for theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative planner or not. Howard, by creating his garden cities with circular shapes, for potential relative speculation). The termand gentrification is foundthe at first in the in early 1960sfacilitates and it refersthe to instance, then dividing total in UK equal parts, The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor transportation of both the inhabitants and of the products in an egalitarian the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof way. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth Le Contemporary City GLASS atCorbusier’s the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. OnWestern the day when society, at present so and sick, for hasits become Since then, the issue contemporary has several scholars more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for itsexact more properly aware that only architecture city planning can from provide comprehensive approach are being and summarized below, thethe various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various prescription forofitsthe ills, then the time have come the for following: the great machine to be interpretations phenomenon ofwill gentrification, interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: put inamotion and begin its functions. In sense, the phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Le Corbusier and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Corbusier’s City’s consists of a rectangular Berlin,Le where she made Contemporary her first studies. In 1932 structure she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany andgrid, after where continuous grid that forms equal blocks. Infrom the center of the is actually the lower living cost of, “withdrawal” private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, center of the city, a bigger rectangle hosts a number of skyscrapers that are in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and intended for business purposes. What is remarkable about their cruciform University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 8 Ha “T C y Ga d ” C f T m w. 3 d Ed . (Camb dg Ma .: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

Blackwell, 1995), p.88.

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geometry is that they allow plenty of open space around them and work sufficiently in providing lighting through them. The center is the only place where a station exists, since it is the only place that all residents visit every day. Fading out from the center the blocks that are formed by the grid accommodate houses for higher classes and the periphery of the city garden cities are placed for low-income classes. Like Howard’s proposal, Le Corbusier chooses to remove the industries from inside the city and to locate them at the By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS periphery. It could be claimed that the planner’s first priority would be to Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, provide low densities that would contribute to the circulation of air and light By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect in order to create healthy living conditions forStudent the city’s residents. of the School of Architecture Le Corbusier’s Contemporary city is not accompanied by University a strict political Technical of Crete and social proposed structure in terms of mechanisms of production or in 1. Introductory approach: Defining thecase concept terms of political organization as in the of Howard. The Swiss architect 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept chooses to correspond the pragmatic aspects of (444 his contemporary context. ANTISTHENIS, the to ancient Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, thehe ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370organization BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the From that point of view, chooses to maintain an existing social among other wiseupon heritage he left us, he established a great the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition thetrue, content of“principle”: concepts. that is structured classes. But even if thisofis probably there are acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the of concepts. Based, therefore, “principle” athat first,need if of not final, approach, the term hidden extensions ofon histhis political thinking to becontent revealed. Based, on this “principle” inindicated a first, notthe final, approach, the urban gentrification) is (in ofchance Planning) (or gentrification Even therefore, if1 (and it cannot be argued directly thatifthere isarea any of term Le 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Corbusier’s utopian projects to be influenced by the theory of anarchism and Sociology well), as the a city fromthere this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement artists, the ideas ofasKropotkin, it“refining” would beofstill bearea, interesting to follow the of scope of ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of the of art galleries, restaurants,One etc.way However thisto “change”, of thisoperation essay in the case of Le Corbusier. for this happen regardless would artists, be to the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the reverse the question of the essay and ask: would there be by any chance anyof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative resemblance of Le Corbusier’s utopian projects with Kropotkin’s ideal world? potential relative speculation). The term is found at firstto in discover the UK inany early 1960s and it refers of to Another waygentrification would be make an attempt potential influences The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Corbu through the work of Ebenezer Howard. the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, themselves thus old residents areof Starting from thestay latter, it is remarkable how Le and Corbusier uses the idea London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ofbeing the garden city“squeezed”. that he places on the perimeter of his ideal plan. For Corbu, indirectly A description of this phenomenon is included in the of Sociologist Ruth garden cities would work as the dormitory places of work the workers after eight A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major hours of at work in theperiod, centerwhile of the city.situations However,were probably in in a similar as GLASS the same similar recorded other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Howard had imagined, these places would not only play the role of night cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more shelters, but their land could also be used as agricultural. In and thatfor sense, the Since then, the issue has several scholars its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the various residents would have the opportunity tosummarized cultivate theirbelow, land, and in the thatvarious way a comprehensive approach are being from interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: hybrid system of capitalism with self-organization orthe autonomous dimensions interpretations the phenomenon following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new category of social groups could be articulated. From that point of view, this could be considered one to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in as money influence of Howard to the Swiss master, even if Le Corbusier imagined an and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the ideal1.world comparable the one of Howard or1912-1940. not. term fromto Sociologist Ruth GLASS, Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense ofThe safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin,Another where sheaspect made heroffirst studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Le Corbusier’s plan that would be interesting services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. same year would she left be Germany and in after continuous regarding the aims ofThe this essay the way which Corbu treats the lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, land. For the master, the land works as a canvas that waits for him to unfold in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College oftalent. London, where sheacontinued her social research. Her public and his architectural But, for strange reason Le Corbusier decides to long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. divide the land only inetc., terms ofCo function, something Kropotkin would disagree and selling realCOLLINS estate, for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: about, and avoids the question of dividing the land in terms of property. But G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

this is exactly the point where Corbu’s political argument is exposed. Le Corbusier had no intention in dividing the land in terms of property just because, probably for him, property would not be a value of his ideal world. It could be argued that the Swiss master perceives property in a similar way as Kropotkin does. Proprietorship gives its place to common ownership. And in the case of the Contemporary City this takes place in architectural terms. Even if for the plan, Le Corbusier differentiates functions and social By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS classes, and constructs these differences in architectural terms, it seems that Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, there are no differences in the effort the architectC.puts in each category. Bythat Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect The plan constructs architectural qualities that vary from garden with Student of the School ofcities Architecture two storey houses to skyscrapers and large open spaces or gardens. But the Technical University of Crete intention of the creator is to offer these qualities to all classes. In other words, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept regarding The Contemporary City, what would be the difference for one to live 1. Introductory approach: Defining the in ANTISTHENIS, the garden city or be located theconcept center?(444 Corbu’s is all about thetoancient Greekinphilosopher, BC - plan 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, theinancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other heritage left us, he established a to great the equality, but wise equality a he way that would provide all -“principle”: inhabitants the among other wise heritage he left us,definition he established atogreat the acquisition knowledge starts with the the content of“principle”: concepts. pleasure ofofexperiencing the city. Corbu wants toofoffer the citizen the right of city knowledge starts withterms. theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, this “principle” aAnd first,this if of not final, approach, the term toacquisition admire the inon architectural even happens through the 1 (and urban Based,oftherefore, on this “principle” inindicated a rationalism, first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of to Planning) (or gentrification systems circulation that, through aims facilitate 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various transportation and to diminish all the distances plus the time that is needed to Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement circulate. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of Le Corbusier’s persistence in architecture criesthis through his skyscrapers. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the Probably the Swiss architect perceives them as an absolute manifestation ofof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative the celebration of human civilization that could be used as landmarks for the potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found about at firstthese in theskyscrapers UK in early is 1960s and that, it refers to city. However, what is interesting the fact once The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor again, what the architect proposes for them in terms of function remains a the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas of London, them, stay of themselves and thus old residents little bitupgrade blur. Corbu that sometimes the skyscrapers used are to London, upgrade them, proposes stay themselves there andshould thus oldbe residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. accommodate businesses, but the architect does not go beyond that. It seems being indirectly “squeezed”. description of imagines this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth likeAA Le Corbusier a similar communal working or of description ofperiod, this phenomenon issituation included of inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations recorded in other major sharing the indoor space of them. As a result, once again, probably in the mind GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. ofcities Le Corbusier, the skyscraper, the Researchers. celebration of human civilization does not in Western countries, by other Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more belong to an individual, buthas to the community.several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Frank Lloyd Wright’sisBroadacre City to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Is the city a persistent form of social disease, infor thebetter fatein The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS was born sense1.of safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside towneventuating centres, Berlin,ofwhere she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: all cities has met? services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access to markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came back to London, Frank Lloyd Wright in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially ofofpart of the urban web, in What isCOLLINS always interesting about the work Frank Lloyd Wright 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G.aALEXANDRI: wetzel/gentry.htm aand variety of as ways, in order Abstract. to the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually works challenge forachieve thehttp://www.uncanny.net/ researcher is to try to distinguish the

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elements of his work that could be characterized as parts of his genius from the elements that would come out of his idiosyncratic character. However, it seems that in most cases, what is forgotten is the peculiar environment in which the architect lived and worked. Frank Lloyd Wright’s idiosyncrasy is the result of the special conditions of the United States, a context of extreme individualism and of ultimate faith By Mr. C.where ATHANASOPOULOS in natural evolution processes. This isGeorge-Sp. the context Frank Lloyd Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Wright had to act, and in this context it will be examined in thisStudent, essay. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect From that point of view, probably it doesStudent not seem that grotesque that of the School of Architecture the character of his architectural vocabulary, notTechnical only in University terms of of taste, Crete but also in terms of origin, is also reflected in his utopian dream of the 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Broadacre City. If Frank Lloyd Wright’s architecture was aiming at a 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, theaancient Greek philosopher, Pan-American or at universal architectural language, then certainly ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the his vision of the Broadacre City was aiming at creating an ideal global among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. society, or at of a social structure that would be able to the acquisition of least knowledge starts with theindefinition the content ofexpress concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term spirit of the United But what is important at this point,theisterm to 1 (and Based, therefore, onStates. this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 understand that through his attempt to create this universal built gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various environment, in a similar way that his architectural vocabulary went Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, back toofprimitive forms, his vision ofetc. the Broadacre City would have to the operation of art galleries, restaurants, However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other has, results also rising of land (and theof go back to pastconsequences on its turn. In other words, it should not prices be surprising whatever other consequences has,back results rising ofand landtoprices (and the potential relative speculation). the fact that Broadacre City, goes to also agriculture the absence potential relative speculation). The city, term and gentrification at first inof theurban UK inform, early 1960s it refers to of the as resultistofound the absence sinceand Frank Lloyd The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Wright’s architecture waswealthy all about investigating the notion of theof the then observed trend people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are origin. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Frank Lloyd Broadacre City is work structured uponRuth an being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of thisWright’s phenomenon is included in the of Sociologist agrarian grid that is based on the Jeffersonian grid. Wright’s intention A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while recorded in other major with his Broadacre City,byaccording to situations Kenneth were Frampton, was to create cities in Western countries, othersimilar Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Sinceform then,ofthe issue has preoccupied several and more a new civilization that had been madescholars possible byfor theits“mass Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more 9 comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various ownership of the automobile” . For Wright the automobile was an ideal comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, following: mode of transportation that would enable thethe “general mobilization of interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category social 10 car, andgroups this the human being” . Every citizen would own his own of to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money would offer him the ability to be transferred in any place according to and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the his 1.own will. This idea of an infrastructural system thatfor makes term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS was born in sense ofThe safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, better Berlin, where she made her first studies. In inhabitants 1932 she published an important study entitled: transportation convenient for all shares similarities with services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for the projects ofof, the Socialist planners. What distinguishes Frank Lloyd lower living cost “withdrawal” from private car access markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and Neweasier York she came to back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and 9 long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Frampton, Kenneth. Modern Architecture : A Critical History. Rev. and enl. ed. London: her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Thames and Wil. Hudson, 1985. etc., Print. p.AND 187. and selling realCOLLINS estate, for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. SONS Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 10 F a L yd W g “B ada C y: N w C mmu y a ” u a R d 77 . G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

4 (April 1935), p. 244.

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Wright from the Russians is the nature of the transportation systems, since the Socialists imagined public transit infrastructure, but the result is similar, and that would be the freedom of the inhabitant to move from one point of the settlement to the other at any time. But for Frampton, the resemblances extend as well to the ideas that both the Socialists planners and Wright shared regarding the use of Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS electricity, and how technology By would be in position to provide an 11 Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, invention of “immeasurable widening of human contact” through the By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect the automobile and the airplane. This aspect of the Broadacre City is Student of the School of Architecture also remarked by Fishman, as he underlines the Technical significance of Wright’s University of Crete transportation system that would unite the citizens and would facilitate Introductory approach: the concept the1.transfer of goods in theDefining Broadacres. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greekanother philosopher, Frampton also remarks resemblance of Wright’s ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the conceptions with the ideas of anarchism, where he states that the among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Broadacre wouldstarts be with an the update of Kropotkin’s smallscale acquisition ofcity knowledge of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if not final, approach, the term 12 as it was described in his Fields, agricultural industrial economy,is 1and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and Factories Workshops in 1898. This idea an autonomous gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in the areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology asand well), as the “refining” of a city theof removal from (insociety various that is in position to be organized into groups and produce the goods, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement of artists, both industrial and agricultural, that would cover their there needs. In of a the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless 13 the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences results how also rising of land prices Wright’s main goal(and wasthe toof similar way, Robert Fishmanhas,argues whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and potential speculation). diminishrelative the distinction between urban and rural lifestyles and as the a potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to result to the disappearance of the boundaries between urban and rural The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor areas. Toobserved put it in Fishman’s words: “Broadacre City was planned to the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof ensure that the houses, thethemselves factories,sometimes the stores, theand office and London, upgrade them, stay there thusbuildings, old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. the cultural centers would all be in the midst of farmland and forests.” being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth on this blurring the Broadacre City’s political manifestation lies exactly A description of this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar in other of major GLASS at the same period, situations were in both otherleads major boundaries between the functions of a city, which at the recorded same time cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. andSince comes as the a result the blurringseveral of the scholars boundaries then, issue from has preoccupied andamong for its social more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more classes. comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various Notably,ofFrampton regards the correspondence of Frank Lloyd interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups Wright’s Broadacre City to the concepts of the Communist Manifesto of to “return” to theof city, the purlieus several reasons: high costs money 1848, because itsleaving advocating of thefordissolution of the city, asin“one of and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 14 the ironies of the twentieth century” . However, it is not surprising termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth11Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous Frampton, Kenneth. Modern Architecture: A Critical History. Rev. and enl. ed. London:for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studiesand and research in Geneva, London and New York she came back to London, Thames Hudson, 1985. Print. p. Prague, 190. 12 she published in According 1943 studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and Ibid, p. 191. University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and 13 long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Fishman, Robert, 1946-. Urban Utopias in the Twentieth Century: Ebenezer Howard, Frank her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Lloyd Wright, andCOLLINS Le Corbusier. New York: Basic 1977. Print., p and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of128. part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. Books, London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 14 Frampton, Kenneth. Modern Architecture: A Critical History. Rev. and enl. ed. London: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

Thames and Hudson, 1985. Print. p. 187.

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how Wright’s Broadacre City corresponds to ideals of socialism, or even anarchism, since the perception of Wright towards the city and the ideas of both the socialist planners and Kropotkin initiate from the needs of the inhabitant itself, and all admit individualism as a first step to collectivity or communal social organization. Even if for Wright this starts from an extreme individualism as an American background, and Mr.that George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS for Kropotkin from the individualBywill generates his ideal society, a Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, society that is based on the individual still remains the main basis of By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect their perceptions. And even if Wright denies answering the question of Student of the School of Architecture is University the factofthat class struggle,15 what would be worth mentioning Technical Crete Wright’s utopian world would lie exactly on the dissolution of the 1. Introductory the concept classes that givesapproach: its way toDefining the dissolution of the city.

1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Conclusion acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Whattherefore, examined through isin the pages ofthe this essay was 1was Based, on this “principle” a first, if (in not final, approach, the the term (and urban gentrification) indicated area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 potential influences of the theory of anarchism in the work of Ebenezer gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Howard, Le Corbusier, and Frank Lloyd Wright. In addition to that and Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, of low-income and the placement of artists, especially inofthe case usually of Le Corbusier, it was also questioned how the the operation art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results alsoreflect rising of prices (andthat theof above architects’ utopian projects could anland ideal world whatever other consequences has,ofresults also rising of land be prices (andon the potential relative speculation). would fulfill the requirements a society that would based potential relative speculation). The term gentrification found atwould first in be the the UK fact in early 1960s and it refers to anarchism. A first final isremark that each one of the The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor proposals was conducted inwealthy specificpeople conditions space and time areas and in the then observed trend to there buyofproperty in poor London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof that way upgrade maintained unique qualities and principles. In old other words, London, them,its stay themselves sometimes there and thus residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. there are many differences between a British visionary in Great Britain, being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth a European mastermind in France, and aninwere American the A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included the recorded work ofgenius Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in otherinmajor GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major United States. What is surprising though is how these personalities can cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. share common ideas utopian worlds andscholars the wayand in for which they Since then, the issueabout has several its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various transform them in architecture and urban form each one on its own comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: way. From that point of view, the concluding remarks of this paper lie interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups exactly on the different ways in which Howard, Le Corbusier, and to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Wright attempted to articulate their utopian visions, always as a result and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the of their intentions regarding an ideal social organization. 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin,Regarding where she made her first studies. Incities, 1932 she published an important study entitled: Howard’s garden it could be claimed that even if services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for itstudies is the one that could bePrague, more easily applied terms of planning, it lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private car access markets, etc.where and research Geneva, London and Neweasier Yorkin she came to back to London, in According 1943still she published studies regarding planning. In and 1950 sheto became in the would betomore than crucial tocity understand attempt toteacher generate another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying the forces that would construct his vision, not as a physical plan, but as her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 15 Ibid, p. 191.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns a social structure. At this point it could be argued that this Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS misunderstanding of his proposalBywas probably the cause of failure of Harvard University, Graduate School Design,was Student, any attempts to realize his model. The result of suchofefforts the By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect creation of suburban communities thatStudent were offar beyond Howard’s the School of Architecture utopian dream. For that reason, it is likely that Howard has ofbeen Technical University Crete misunderstood in general through history. 1. Introductory Defining concept It is almostapproach: clear that Frank the Lloyd Wright’s utopia seems to be 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ideas ancientthan Greek closer to Kropotkin’s thephilosopher, ones of Howard or Le Corbusier’s, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the and at this point it may be maybe it would be worth asking: Since the among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. work of Frank Lloyd Wright negotiates the notion of the of origin, and if acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term oneBased, admits this is also in area hisapproach, vision for 1that therefore, on principle this “principle” inindicated aembodied first, if (in notthe final, the the term (and urban gentrification) is of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Broadacre City, how close would Kropotkin’s world be to the past? In gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various other words, would Kropotkin’s social ideas refer to the future, or it Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), ofargued social groups, usually ofworld low-income and thethis placement there of artists, could be that his ideal already existed in the past? the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of

the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other results risingthis of “change”, landplan prices (and the theof What is consequences interesting has, about Le also Corbusier’s for whatever other consequences has, results rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). Contemporary City is the fact that the great architect challenges an ideal potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to world the roleofof architecture. In buy other words, raises the Thethrough term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend to property inhe poor ofto question: wouldthem, any kindof architecture be needed in anthus ideal And the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in world? poor areas London, upgrade stay themselves and old residents areof upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus oldaccepts residents are ifLondon, not,indirectly then how would mankind celebrate civilization? If one his being “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description thissignificance phenomenon of is included in thein work Sociologist Ruth argument aboutofthe architecture anyofstage of human A description of this phenomenon includedhow inwere the workarchitecture of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at thethen same period, while similar situations recorded in other major civilization another question isisraised: would and GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. civilization come to reality without the division of a population into cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more social classes? How architecture would be possible without and Since then, the issue has several scholars andwealth for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the poverty? It seems like Le Corbusier is acknowledged that a world that comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: would be based on anarchism would have to tear down architecture. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups But the Swiss master still attempts to provide the privilege of to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money experiencing architecture not to particular social classes but to society and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the The termat comes from Sociologist Ruthshould GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born sense safety the distributed residencies outside centres, for as a1.of whole. Le Corbusier’s model betown understood as one thatin Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, entertainment “at heart of the city”, (possibly) approaches the education, socialist from thethe point view ofmovements commonfor Youth Unemployment. The sametheories year she left Germany and afterof continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York came backapproximate to London, ownership. In other words, if Howard andsheWright in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Kropotkin’s world through the dimension of individualism which is University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized passion for justice. also: COLLINS DICTIONARY. Kropotkin’s one half, by Lea Corbusier may See correspond toENGLISH Kropotkin ideas and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: in terms of the other half, which would be collectiveness. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Appendix of illustrations GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Bibliography

Deheane, Michiel. "Broadacre City: The City in the Eye of the Beholder." Journal of architectural & planning research 19.2 (2002): 91-109. Print. Fishman, Robert, 1946-. Urban Utopias in the Twentieth Century : Ebenezer Howard, Frank Lloyd Wright, and Le Corbusier. New York: Basic Books, 1977. Print. Fitting, Peter. "Urban Planning/Utopian Dreaming: Le Corbusier's Chandigarh Today." Utopian Studies 13.1 (2002): 69. Print. Fitzpatrick, Sheila, American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Research and, DevelopmentHarvard Committee, and Russian Institute Columbia University. University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Cultural Revolution in Russia, 1928-1931. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect 1978. Print. Student of the School of Architecture Frampton, Kenneth. Modern Architecture : A Critical History.University Rev. and enl. ed. Technical of Crete London: Thames and Hudson, 1985. Print. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Hall, Peter Geoffrey. Cities of Tomorrow : An Intellectual History of Urban 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Planning and Design in the Twentieth Century. Updated ed. BC Oxford, ;Cambridge, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 - 370UKBC, Athens), Mass.: Blackwell Publishers, 1996. Print. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the Howard, Ebenezer, Sir, 1850-1928., et al. Garden Cities of Tomorrow. New among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. rev. ed. Eastbourne, Sussex: starts Attic Books, 1985. Print. acquisition of East knowledge with the the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term Johnson, Donald Leslie. "Frank Lloyd Wright's Planning." Journal of 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first,Community if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification planning history 3.1 (2004): 3-28. Print. 1 gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or

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Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Kropotkin, PetrasAlekseevich,knia zʹ,a1842-1921., Emile Capouya ed., Keitha Sociology as well), the “refining” of city area, removal fromthere this,and (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe the placement of Tompkins ed. The Essential Kropotkin. 1st ed. New York: Liveright, 1975. Print. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Kropotkin, Petr Alekseevich,kniazʹ, 1842-1921., and Read, Herbert Edward,of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the Sir,1893-1968, ed. Kropotkin : Selections from His Writings. press, whatever other consequences has, results also rising London: of land Freedom prices (and the potential relative speculation). 1942. Print. potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Kropotkin, Petr Alekseevich,knia zʹ, first 1842-1921. Fields, Factories Workshops The term gentrification found at in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy people to buy property in and poor : the Or, Industry Combined with Agriculture and Brain Work with Manual Work. New,of then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents are rev., and enlarged ed. New York ; London: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1913. Print. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Le Corbusier, “The Great City,” and “A Contemporary City,” The City of being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Tomorrow [Urbanisme,1924] (Cambridge, MA, 1971). Wright, Frank Lloyd, 1867A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major 1959. Broadacre City: A New Community Plan.Print. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Image sources Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Image 1:http://hollis.harvard.edu/fullrecordinnerframe.ashx?itemid=|misc/ interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups via|olvwork286281&componenti d=olvsurrogate605359 to “return” city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Imageto2:the http://hollis.harvard.edu/fullrecordinnerframe.ashx?itemid=|misc/ and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the via|olvwork286281&componenti d=olvsurrogate605357 The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Image 3: at http://hollis.harvard.edu/fullrecordinnerframe.ashx?itemid=|misc/ Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: via|olvwork9065&componentid= olvsurrogate621177 services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Image 4: http://hollis.harvard.edu/fullrecordinnerframe.ashx?itemid=|misc/ lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, via|olvwork9065&componentid= olvsurrogate621940 in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and Image 5: http://hollis.harvard.edu/fullrecordinnerframe.ashx?itemid=|misc/ long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. via|olvwork9067&componentid= olvsurrogate31104 and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Image 6: http://hollis.harvard.edu/fullrecordinnerframe.ashx?itemid=|misc/ G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually via|olvwork9067&componentid= olvsurrogate617879

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ΝΟΣΗΛΕΥΤΙΚΗ ΦΡΟΝΤΙΔΑ ΔΙΑΦΟΡΕΤΙΚΗΣ GENTRIFICATION Definition, TypesΑΣΘΕΝΩΝ of Intervention, ΠΟΛΙΤΙΣΜΙΚΗΣ ΠΡΟΕΛΕΥΣΗΣ ΣΤΗΝ Μ.Ε.Θ Definition, Types ofΝΟΜΟΥ intervention, Concerns of Gentrification ΔΗΜΟΣΙΟΥ ΝΟΣΟΚΟΜΕΙΟΥ ΑΤΤΙΚΗΣ Concerns Της κυρίας Ιωάν. ΧΑΤΖΗΕΛΕΥΘΕΡΙΟΥ , 1

της κυρίας Αθ. ΚΑΛΟΚΑΙΡΙΝΟΥ2, της κυρίας Παν. ΣΟΥΡΤΖΗ3, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS του κυρίου Κων. ΜΠΟΥΡΜΑ4, Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,5 της κυρίας Μαργ. ΓΙΑΝΝΑΚΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗ University of Crete πολιτισμικές αξίες που έχει Εισαγωγή: Το κάθε άτομο φέρνει μαζί του τις Technical

υιοθετήσει μέσα από την κοινωνία στην οποία ζει. Η πολιτισμική ιδιοσυγκρασία μιας 1. Introductory Defining the χώρας αντανακλάται approach: στο σύστημα της υγείας καιconcept στην προαγωγή των συνηθειών υγείας.

1. Σκοπός: Introductory approach: Defining the concept Ο σκοπός παρούσας είναι η διερεύνηση τωνBC, γνώσεων και ANTISTHENIS, the της ancient Greekμελέτης philosopher, (444 BC - 370 Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BCδιαχείριση -“principle”: 370 BC,ασθενών Athens), των στάσεων σεleft σχέση τη φροντίδα(444 και τη among other των wiseνοσηλευτών heritage he us, με he established a great the other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: μεamong διαφορετική πολιτισμική προέλευση. acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. the Μεθοδολογία: Πρόκειται για μιαthe ποιοτική μελέτη στην οποία συμμετείχαν 16 acquisition of knowledge starts with the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term ΤΕ Νοσηλευτές της Μ.Ε.Θ. Οι συμμετέχοντες αφηγήθηκαν την εμπειρία τους από την 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban παροχή νοσηλευτικής φροντίδας σε ασθενείς διαφορετικής προέλευσης gentrification gentrification) indicated (inπολιτισμικής thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various μέσα από ερωτηματολόγια μικτού τύπου - συνεντεύξεις που πραγματοποιήθηκαν Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, στην ΜΕΘ νοσοκομείου. Η ανάλυση των ποιοτικών δεδομένων έγινε σύμφωνα με ways), of του social groups, usually of low-income and the placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”,there regardless of την τεχνική Weft QDA και η ανάλυση των ποσοτικών δεδομένων έγινε με το SPSS . the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this “change”, regardless of whatever other has, results rising of land prices (and the Αποτελέσματα: Από την ανάλυση των αφηγήσεών των Νοσηλευτών, whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). αναδύθηκαν τέσσερις βασικές κατηγορίες: α) Οι Νοσηλευτές έχουν πεποιθήσεις – potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found first in the UK inστη earlyσωστή 1960s φροντίδα and it refers to προκαταλήψεις που μπορούν να at σταθούν εμπόδιο των The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of ασθενών. β) Εκφράστηκε η επιθυμία ύπαρξης διερμηνέα για την επικοινωνία με τον the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are ασθενή, γ) Το νοσηλευτικό προσωπικό θα πρέπει να αποκτήσει την κατάλληλη London, upgrade them, stayώστε themselves sometimes there andμε thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. διαπολιτισμική εκπαίδευση, να μπορεί να προσεγγίσει σωστότερο τρόπο being indirectly “squeezed”. τους δ) Οι που έχουν παρακολουθήσει σεμινάρια ή διαλέξεις με Aασθενείς. description ofΝοσηλευτές this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth θέματα φροντίδας και διαχείρισης ασθενών GLASS atδιαπολιτισμικής the same while similar inδιαφορετικής other major GLASS at the same period, similar situations recorded in στάσεις other major κουλτούρας έχουν υψηλότερο επίπεδο γνώσεων και were καταλληλότερες σε cities in Western countries, bywhile other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. σχέση με τη φροντίδα ατόμων διαφορετικής προέλευσης. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Συμπεράσματα: Η has διαπολιτισμική παρέμβαση που from εναρμονίζεται σε Since then, the issue several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized σύγχρονα κοινωνικά και πολιτισμικά ζητήματα συμβάλλει αναμφίβολα στην comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: προάσπιση προαγωγή τηςis υγείας. νοσηλευτικό προσωπικό πρέπει να interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense,και theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, aΤο trend of a new of social groups αποκτήσει την κατάλληλη διαπολιτισμική εκπαίδευση, ώστε να προσεγγίζει και να to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money διαχειρίζεται ασθενείς διαφορετικής πολιτισμικής προέλευσης. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Λέξεις – Κλειδιά: διαφορετική κουλτούρα, πολιτισμική προέλευση, στάσεις 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, νοσηλευτών. Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, 1 she published in According 1943 studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and Νοσηλεύτρια, Msc, Ν.Ε.Ε.Σ, Msc,Phd(c). University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and 2 long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Καθηγήτρια, Τμήμα Νοσηλευτικής, Ε.Κ.Π.Α.. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 3 Καθηγήτρια, Τμήμα Νοσηλευτικής, Ε.Κ.Π.Α.. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 4 Φυσικός. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 5 Καθηγήτρια Τμήμα Νοσηλευτικής.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

ΑΓΓΛΙΚΗ ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗ NURSING CARE OF PATIENTS OF DIFFERENT CULTURAL BACKGROUNDS IN I.C.U. IN A PUBLIC HOSPITAL IN ATTICA Introduction: Every single person comes with the cultural values adopted by means of the society in which he lives. The cultural temperament of each country is reflected in the health system and the promoting health habits. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge and attitudes of nurses in relation to the care management C. of ATHANASOPOULOS patients with different By and Mr. George-Sp. cultural backgrounds. Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Methodology: This is a qualitative involving 16C.registered nurses of ICU. Bystudy Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Participants recounted their experience of providing nursing care to patients of Student of the School of Architecture different cultural backgrounds through semi-structured interviews conducted in the Technical University of Crete ICU of the hospital. The analysis of the qualitative data was done according to the technique Weft QDAapproach: and analysis of quantitative data was performed with SPSS. 1. Introductory Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Results: The analysis of the narratives of nurses main ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher,emerged (444 BCfour - 370 BC,categories: Athens), a) nurses have beliefs - the prejudices that couldphilosopher, constitute an(444 obstacle to370 theBC, proper care ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek BC Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the ofamong patientsother ,b) there was the interpreter existence desire for communication with the wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the patient ,c) the nursing staff must acquire the appropriate intercultural education to be acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. therefore, on tune this “principle” ad)first, if of not final, approach, the term ableBased, to approach to fine their patients, nurses who have attended seminars 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is in a first, if (in not final, approach, the term urban gentrification) area of from Planning) (or gentrification and lectures on (and of intercultural care andindicated managementthe of patients different 1issues gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various cultures have a higher level of knowledge and appropriate attitudes in relation to the Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), social care of of people of groups, differentusually origins.of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of Conclusions: Intercultural intervention that consorts with the there contemporary the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has,contributes results also of land and prices (and the social and cultural issues undoubtedly to rising the protection promotion ofof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the health .The nursesspeculation). should acquire adequate intercultural education to verge on and potential relative potential relative speculation). manage patients of different cultural The term gentrification is foundbackgrounds. at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification iswealthy foundcultural atpeople firstbackground, in the UK in early attitudes. 1960s and itareas refersofto Key-Words: different culture, nurses the then observed trend of to buy property in poor

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the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof ΚΥΡΙΩΣ ΚΕΙΜΕΝΟ London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Εισαγωγή being indirectly “squeezed”. A description ofείναι this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Ηdescription κουλτούραof πολύπλοκη και σφαιρικήinπαράμετρος, επηρεάζειRuth τη A thisμια phenomenon is situations included the recorded work ofπου Sociologist GLASS at the same period, while similar were in other major συμπεριφορά με πολλούς τρόπους. Το κάθε άτομο φέρνει μαζί του τις πολιτισμικές GLASS at the same period, similar situations were recorded in other major cities Western countries, bywhile other αξίες in που έχει υιοθετήσει μέσα από Researchers. την κοινωνία στην οποία ζει. Η πολιτισμική cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, μιας the issue preoccupied several scholars for και its more ιδιοσυγκρασία χώραςhasαντανακλάται στο σύστημα της and υγείας στην Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various προαγωγή των συνηθειών υγείας. comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: της Κουλτούρας In aΟρισμοί sense, the phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Σύμφωνα με τη Leininger, «…η κουλτούρα αναφέρεται στη γνώση γιαin τιςmoney αξίες, to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs τα πιστεύω, τις αντιλήψεις, τους τρόπους ζωής, η οποία μαθαίνεται, μοιράζεται και and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the μεταφέρεται στον τρόπο σκέψης, λήψης αποφάσεων και δράσης μιας συγκεκριμένης 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for betterin ομάδας» (Leininger 2002). Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) YouthΗUnemployment. The ηsame yearκοινωνικό-πολιτισμικών she left Germany and afterπιστεύω continuous αναγνώριση και γνώση και πρακτικώνfor lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and Geneva, Prague, Londonτου and ρόλου New York she came back to London, αποτελεί έναresearch αρχικόinβήμα στην κατανόηση της προαγωγής υγείας , μέσα in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and στην καθημερινή κουλτούρα. Κάθεshe άτομο έχει ταher πιστεύω, τις θρησκευτικές τεχνικές University College of London, where continued social research. Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying και τις συνήθειές του για την υγεία, επηρεαζόμενο από την κουλτούρα του her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban web,της in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: περιβάλλοντος μέσα στο οποίο ζει, δημιουργώντας το πορτραίτο της ταυτότητας, Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aατομικότητας variety of ways, in προσωπικότητάς order Abstract. to achieve theΣυνεπώς, “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually και της του. οι επαγγελματίες υγείας και

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification ΣΚΟΠΟΣ Concerns Με βάση τα παραπάνω, σκοπός της παρούσας μελέτης είναι η διερεύνηση των

όσοι ασχολούνται με την προαγωγή της υγείας πρέπει να λάβουν υπόψη την κουλτούρα ως μια παράμετρο ζωτικής σημασίας για την αποτελεσματική και επαρκή προαγωγή της υγείας και την παροχή ποιοτικής φροντίδας.

γνώσεων και των στάσεων των νοσηλευτών σε σχέση με τη φροντίδα και τη διαχείριση ασθενών με διαφορετική πολιτισμική προέλευση.C. ATHANASOPOULOS By Mr. George-Sp.

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Επιμέρους στόχοι By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect ● Η δημιουργία ενός ερωτηματολογίου στην ελληνική γλώσσα το οποίο θα Student of the School of Architecture αξιολογεί τις γνώσεις και τις στάσεις των νοσηλευτών σε σχέση με τη διαπολιτισμική Technical University of Crete φροντίδα και την κουλτούρα. ● Η μελέτη της σχέσης μεταξύ γνώσεων διαπολιτισμικής φροντίδας και της 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept κουλτούρας ασθενών μέσω προγραμμάτων σπουδών ή παρακολούθηση σεμιναρίων. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the ΜΕΘΟΔΟΛΟΓΙΑ among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Σχεδιασμός acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content Based, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Στηνtherefore, παρούσα μελέτη το αντικείμενο εξετάζεται μέσα από of τοconcepts. πρίσμα της 1 (and urban Based,Περιεχομένου. therefore, onΗthis “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term Ανάλυσης επιλογή της μεθόδου της ποιοτικής ανάλυσης έναντι της gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification ποσοτικής στατιστικής ανάλυσης έγινε υπόψη πωςfrom : Sociology as well), as the “refining” of λαμβάνοντας a city area, the removal this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityσεarea, this, (inartists, various 1. αντικείμενο της μελέτης αφορά απόψεις, στάσειςfrom καιthere εμπειρίες των ways), ofΤο social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement of συμμετεχόντων και όχι σε ποσοτικά μετρήσιμες μεταβλητές. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of 2. Ηother μελέτη αποβλέπει στηνresults περιγραφή και this κατανόηση κοινωνικών the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However “change”, regardless whatever has, rising of land prices (and theof συμπεριφορών όπως αυτές εκδηλώνονται σε πραγματικές συνθήκες, δίχως whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and να the potential relative speculation). επιχειρείται έλεγχοςspeculation). ή επηρεασμός των συνθηκών αυτών. potential relative The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to 3. Η κατανόηση των γνώσεων των που αναφέρεται στο τουto The term gentrification foundκαι atpeople firstστάσεων in the UK in early 1960s andμέρος itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in μιας poor of Σκοπού της εργασίας, επιχειρείται μέσω της απόπειρας διαμόρφωσης εποπτικής, the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents are καθολικής εικόνας του αντικειμένου και όχι μέσω της ανάλυσης ενός London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. προκαθορισμένου συνόλου μεταβλητών. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description this phenomenon is included theβιωματικών work of Sociologist 4. Η εργασίαofαποβλέπει στη συγκριτική μελέτηinτων εμπειριώνRuth των A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded inδείγμα otherκαι major συμμετεχόντων για την εξαγωγή συμπερασμάτων για το συγκεκριμένο όχι GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. στον έλεγχο κάποιας προϋπάρχουσας θεωρίας. Ως εκ τούτου η παραγωγική μέθοδος cities Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has scholars for its more και η in στατιστική (ποσοτική) ανάλυση δεν several προσφέρεται για and τη συγκεκριμένη Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more προσέγγιση. comprehensive approach are being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various 5. Για τη συλλογή των δεδομένων θα ήταν απαραίτητη η άμεση αλληλεπίδραση interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: the για phenomenon the following: μεinterpretations τους συμμετέχοντες, την παράδοση τη συλλογή των ερωτηματολογίων που In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, aκαι trend of a new category of social groups χρησιμοποιήθηκαν. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Περαιτέρω, Ανάλυση Περιεχομένου επιλέχθηκε κατά μείζονα διότι τα and time to travel ηfrom the purlieus to downtown, where work place λόγο is, lack of the δεδομένα θα περιορίζονταν σε καταγραφές των βιωματικών εμπειριών των 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for betterin συμμετεχόντων τους ίδιους μέσω ημιδομημένων ερωτήσεων με study την χρήση Berlin, where sheαπό her first studies. In 1932 she published an important entitled: services of health,made education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for μαγνητοφώνου. lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and Δείγμα μελέτης University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Λόγω του ειδικού by χαρακτήρα του αντικειμένου εξέτασης, για τηνDICTIONARY. παρούσα her work are characterized a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH and selling realCOLLINS estate,ηetc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in εργασία χρήση σκόπιμης δειγματοληψίας με τη στρατηγική του 10th edit.επιβλήθηκε Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ aομοιογενούς variety of δείγματος. ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, Στο δείγμα συμπεριλήφθηκαν άτομα“voluntary”, μεwetzel/gentry.htm κριτήρια: (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

α) την ακαδημαϊκή τους κατάρτιση σε Τμήμα Νοσηλευτικής ΑΤΕΙ, β) την επαγγελματική τους εμπειρία σε Μονάδα Εντατικής Θεραπείας και γ) την από μέρους τους παροχή φροντίδας σε ασθενείς διαφορετικής πολιτισμικής προέλευσης, προκειμένου να μελετηθούν μέσω των εμπειριών τους, οι γνώσεις και οι στάσεις τους σε σχέση με τη φροντίδα και τη διαχείριση ασθενών με διαφορετική κουλτούρα. Το μέγεθος του δείγματος ήτανByΝ=16 και καθορίστηκε από το διαθέσιμο Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS προσωπικό της Μονάδας Εντατικής Θεραπείας, κρίθηκε δε πως είναι ικανοποιητικά Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, επαρκές για τις ανάγκες μιας ποιοτικής By ανάλυσης των δεδομένων. Το δείγμα αυτό δεν Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect μπορεί να θεωρηθεί αντιπροσωπευτικό του αντίστοιχου πληθυσμού όλων των Student of the School of Architecture νοσηλευτών ,που υπηρετούν στις ΜΕΘ όλης της χώρας.. ΗTechnical παρούσα University μελέτη απέβλεπε of Crete στη λεπτομερέστερη κατανόηση των μελετούμενων αντιλήψεών τους για το συγκεκριμένο δείγμα. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory the conceptεπιστράφηκαν Από τα 16 ερωτηματολόγια που μοιράστηκαν, ANTISTHENIS,approach: the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370συμπληρωμένα BC, Athens), τα 15, γεγονός που διαμορφώνει τοGreek βαθμόphilosopher, ανταπόκρισης 93.8%. 15 ANTISTHENIS, the ancient BC -“principle”: 370 Από BC, τους Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 aστο great the νοσηλευτές που συμμετείχαν στη μελέτη, η πλειοψηφία ήταν γυναίκες (ποσοστό 80% among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the έναντι 20% που ήταν άνδρες).γράφημα 1 Ηdefinition μέση τιμήof της ηλικίας υπολογίστηκε στα acquisition of knowledge starts with the the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term 39 έτη. Όλοι 1οι συμμετέχοντες (100%) δήλωσαν ως χώρα καταγωγής τους την Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification Ελλάδα και ως υπηκοότητα την ελληνική. 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Το σύνολο των συμμετεχόντων διαθέτει επαγγελματική εμπειρία, με μέσο όρο Sociology well), as the “refining” ofσυμμετεχόντων a city area, removal fromthere this,πως (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually ofτων low-income andthe the(86,7%) placement of τα 15 έτη. Ηasμεγάλη πλειοψηφία δήλωσαν έχουν ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, of φροντίσει ασθενείς διαφορετικής πολιτισμικής προέλευσης κατά την regardless κλινικήartists, τους the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this regardless whatever other consequences has, results risingκάνει of “change”, land (and της theof άσκηση, ενώ όλοι ανεξαιρέτως (100%) τοalso έχουν στηprices διάρκεια whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the επαγγελματικής τους πορείας ως νοσηλευτές. potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). 86,7% των συμμετεχόντων ότιUK γνωρίζουν ξένη γλώσσα, TheΤο term gentrification is found atδήλωσαν first in the in early κάποια 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK early 1960s and itareas refers ενώ then το 26,7% ότι έχειtrend ζήσειof στο εξωτερικό. Μόνο ένας εκin των συμμετεχόντων (6.7%) the observed to buy property in poor ofto the then observed trend wealthy people toνοσηλευτική. buy property in poor areas διαθέτει μεταπτυχιακό δίπλωμα στη διαπολιτισμική London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof

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London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Συλλογή δεδομένων being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the -work of Sociologist Ruth μελέτη διεξάχθηκε στη Μ.Ε.Θ τουis Κοργιαλενείου στην Αθήνα, AHdescription ofperiod, this phenomenon included inwere the Μπενακείου work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations recorded in other major κατά την περίοδο Ιανουαρίου-Δεκεμβρίου του 2014 εως σήμερα. Ως εργαλείο GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. συλλογής των δεδομένων χρησιμοποιήθηκε ερωτηματολόγιο μικτού τύπου, που cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more παραδόθηκε στους συμμετέχοντες κατά τη διάρκεια της παραπάνω περιόδου. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from various Το ερωτηματολόγιο διαρθρώθηκε σε δύο μέρη. Το πρώτο the μέρος, που comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification,περιελάμβανε the following: 16 ερωτήσεις τιτλοφορήθηκε of“Δημογραφικά χαρακτηριστικά”, interpretations of the phenomenon of the following: In a sense, theΟι phenomenon is due togentrification, a4)trend of a new category of social groups κλειστού τύπου. πρώτες 4 (ερωτ. 1 εως αφορούσαν στον καθορισμό της ηλικίας, του φύλου, της υπηκοότητας και του τόπου καταγωγής του συμμετέχοντα. Οι to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money ερωτήσεις 5 και 11 αφορούσαν στο είδος και το επίπεδο μόρφωσης και τη γνώση and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the ξένων γλωσσών, ενώ ερωτήσεις 6, 13 και GLASS, 14outside στόχευαν στην άντληση πληροφοριών 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety the οι distributed residencies town centres, for Berlin, where she εξειδικευμένη made her first studies. In 1932 πάνω she published an important study entitled: σχετικά με την επιμόρφωση στη διαπολιτισμική φροντίδα services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. The(ερωτ. same year she left Germany and after continuous ασθενών. Μία ερώτηση 9) from αφορούσε στο συνολικό χρόνο επαγγελματικής lower living cost of, “withdrawal” private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, υπηρεσίας ακόμα (ερωτ. 12)the αφορούσε εάν καιtobecame για πόσο χρονικό in According 1943 sheκαι published studies regarding city planning.στο In 1950 she teacher in the toμια another approach, phenomenon is due a systematic and διάστημα συμμετέχων έχειwhere στοcontinued εξωτερικό. Τρεις συνάφειας (ερωτ. Universityοinformal College of London, she her socialερωτήσεις research. brokers Her public and long-term effort byζήσει organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying are characterized by aβαθμό passionκαι for την justice. See also: COLLINSτου ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 7,her 10work και 15) αφορούσαν στο έκταση της επαφής συμμετέχοντα με and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd.προέλευσης London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ανθρώπους διαφορετικής πολιτισμικής γενικώς (ερωτ. 15) και ειδικώς G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aμεGentrification: variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually τη φροντίδα ασθενών διαφορετικής πολιτισμικής προέλευσης, κατά την κλινική

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

άσκηση του συμμετέχοντα (ερωτ. 7) και κατά τη διάρκεια της επαγγελματικής του υπηρεσίας (ερωτ. 10). Οι υπόλοιπες δύο ερωτήσεις (ερωτ. 8 και 16) αποτελούσαν στοιχεία Likert και απέβλεπαν στην αξιολογική κρίση ως θετικών ή αρνητικών, των εμπειριών τους με άτομα (ερωτ. 16) ή ασθενείς (ερωτ. 17) διαφορετικής κουλτούρας. Το δεύτερο μέρος του ερωτηματολογίου, που τιτλοφορήθηκε “Ερωτηματολόγιο”, περιελάμβανε 2 ερωτήσεις κλειστού τύπου πολλαπλών απαντήσεων με την επιλογή “άλλο”, και 4 ερωτήσεις ανοικτού τύπου. Η πρώτη ερώτηση (ερωτ. 1, κλειστού τύπου) αφορούσε στην πηγή ήC.τις πηγές πληροφοριών By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS και γνώσεων του/της συμμετέχοντα για διαφορετικές κουλτούρες την Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, και Student, αξιοποίησή τους στη φροντίδα ασθενών από διαφορετικά πολιτισμικά υπόβαθρα. Η By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect δεύτερη (ερωτ. 2, ανοικτού τύπου) στον Student προσδιορισμό των διαφορετικών of the School of Architecture πολιτισμικών πλαισίων όπως τα αντιλαμβάνεται ο/η συμμετέχων. τρίτη ερώτηση Technical Η University of Crete (ερωτ. 3, ανοικτού τύπου) ζητούσε την καταγραφή μιας εμπειρίας από τη φροντίδα ασθενούς διαφορετικής κουλτούρας. Η τέταρτη απέβλεπε στον καθορισμό, κατά την 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept αντίληψη του συμμετέχοντα, αυτού που θεωρούσε τη(444 μεγαλύτερη στη ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC - 370πρόκληση BC, Athens), φροντίδα ασθενών διαφορετικής κουλτούρας. Η πέμπτη ερώτηση (ερωτ. 5, ανοικτού ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the τύπου) απόheritage το συμμετέχοντα να established αναφέρει τίa great τον/την βοήθησε σε amongζητούσε other wise leftthe us,definition he acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content of“principle”: concepts. the περιπτώσεις που αντιμετώπισε δυσκολίες η προκλήσεις κατά την ανωτέρω φροντίδα, acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term δίνονταν δε ενδεικτικά 4 πιθανές απαντήσεις για την καλύτερη αποσαφήνιση του 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification περιεχομένου της ερώτησης. Τέλος, η (κλειστού τύπου πολλαπλών απαντήσεων 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning)με gentrification (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various την επιλογή “άλλο”) ερώτηση 6 αφορούσε στον καθορισμό και την αξιολόγηση των Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually low-income the placement there of artists, πιθανών εναλλακτικών τρόπωνof αρωγής τουand συμμετέχοντα στην προσπάθεια ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.ορθότερης However “change”, regardless of παροχής καλύτερης ποιότητας ή πολιτισμικά φροντίδας σεthere ασθενείς από the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof διαφορετικές πολιτισμικές καταβολές.

whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Θέματα ηθικής - Δεοντολογίας potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Ο σχεδιασμός, η ανάληψη καιatpeople ηfirst διεξαγωγή μελέτης πλήρη The term gentrification found in the UKτης in early 1960s andμε itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property inέγινε poor ofto συμμόρφωση προς τα προβλεπόμενα από τη Διακήρυξη του Ελσίνκι (4η αναθεώρηση the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof 1996), τηνupgrade Επίσημη Ευρωπαϊκή Οδηγία sometimes του Ευρωπαϊκού Κοινοβουλίου και του London, them, stay themselves there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Συμβουλίου της Ευρώπης (2001/20/EC της 4 Απριλίου 2001), την Ευρωπαϊκή being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Διακήρυξη για τα Ανθρώπινα Δικαιώματαis και τη Βιοϊατρική (1997), ενώ λήφθηκαν A description ofperiod, this phenomenon included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations in other major υπόψη τα προβλεπόμενα από το Ευρωπαϊκό Φόρουμ για την Ορθή Κλινική Πρακτική GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western by otherαποδεκτά Researchers. (EFGCP) καθώς countries, και τα ευρέως πλαίσια των Beauchamp-Childress cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has for its (Israel more (Beauchamp-Childress, Principles of Biomedicalseveral Ethics, scholars 1986) καιand Ιsrael-Hay Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various και Hay, Research Ethics for Social Scientists, 2006). comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Ειδικότερα, η διαδικασία συλλογής των δεδομένων της παρούσας μελέτης interpretations of theθεμελιώδη phenomenon gentrification, the following: συνάδει πλήρως τη του τοcategory άτομο, το των In a sense, theμε phenomenon isαρχή dueof to a σεβασμού trend of a για new ofδικαίωμα social groups συμμετεχόντων στον αυτοπροσδιορισμό και τη λήψη ενημερωμένων και to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money τεκμηριωμένων αποφάσεων που αφορούν στη διεξαγωγή της μελέτης, τόσο αρχικά and to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of και the όσο time και κατά τη διάρκεια της (αρχή της ελεύθερης και ενήμερης συγκατάθεσης) 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, την ηθική δέσμευση των ερευνητών απέναντι στους συμμετέχοντες σχετικά με Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, και education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) θέματα εχεμύθειας εμπιστευτικότητας. Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Η συμμετοχή των υποκειμένων στην ήταν απολύτως εθελοντική. lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London andέρευνα Neweasier York she came back to London, Καθένας απόpublished τους συμμετέχοντες επιβεβαίωσε οικειοθελώς την του/τηςin να in According 1943 she studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheεπιθυμία teacher the to another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and συμμετάσχει στη συγκεκριμένη έρευνα απαντώντας στο ερωτηματολόγιο, αφού είχε University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying ενημερωθεί όλες τις πτυχές της που είναι συναφείς με την απόφαση να her work areγια characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH του/της DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: συμμετάσχει και μπορούσε να άρει τη συγκατάθεσή του οποιαδήποτε στιγμή. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns By Mr. George-Sp. + C.Του ATHANASOPOULOS Μιχάλη ΓΚΙΟΚΑ* Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the content of concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the the term Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more andthe for various its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) services Youth* Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Ευγνώμων αναφορά εκ τουfrom τεύχους 15/1999. Εκ των Πρωτεργατών της ανά lower living cost of, “withdrawal” private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, χείρας Εκλεκτός Ευπατρίδης και Φίλος. Θιασώτης Ιδιωτικής In 1950 in According 1943έκδοσης. she published studies regarding city planning. sheτης teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due tobecame aυγιούς systematic and University informal CollegeΤα of London, where she continued social research. Her public and γιαher το καλλιεπές τουbrokers ύφους, την πλήρη Πρωτοβουλίας. άρθρα του διεκρίνοντο long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH η DICTIONARY. τεκμηρίωση την etc., συνεκτικότητα λόγου. Απεβίωσε 29 Αυγούστου and selling realκαι estate, for theCodepreciation initially of part την of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd.του London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a2016. variety of ways, inΟικείους order Abstract. toεκφράζονται achieve the και “assisted”, Προς τους από την“voluntary”, θέση αυτή (actually ειλικρινή συλλυπητήρια. 106 252119 11 Καθηγητής Κων. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ

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International Conference on Business and Economics GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, of the Hellenic Open University 2020 in Athens June 26-27, Athens, Greece Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of2020, Gentrification EXPORT ORIENTATION AND ITS EFFECT ON THE GREEK SMALL AND Concerns MEDIUM ENTERPRISES PERFORMANCE AND VIABILITY DURING AN ECONOMIC DEPRESSION

Abstract

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By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Ilias P. PARGINOS, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Ph.D. Student of the School of Faculty of Business Management, University ofArchitecture Bolton UK Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Orientation, as a growth Strategy adopted by the SMEs, has great 1. Export Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444hand, BC - declined 370 BC, firms Athens), importance for their performance and viability. On the other due ANTISTHENIS, the that ancient Greek philosopher, BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise crisis, heritage he left us, he established a great to recent economic incorporate this strategy,(444 into their-“principle”: strategy mix the for among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a great “principle”: the acquisition ofand knowledge starts with of the content concepts.While stabilization growth, havehe also significant expectations for of recovery. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, competition therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, thethose term increasing could lead to lower prices and reduced profitability, for 1 (and therefore, on this inindicated a first,and if (in not final, approach, the SMEsBased, are facing significant fall“principle” for their products services demand due toterm an urban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification economic depression, it “refining” is crucial of to adedicate research, focusing their Sociology as well), as the city area,more the removal from this, (inon various expansion through the orientation Therefore, within the aims the Sociology as well), asexport the “refining” of astrategy. city area, the from this, (inand various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and theremoval placement there of artists, scope of this study, the effects of the Greek SMEs export orientation have been ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of analysed inother relation performance andrising viability achieving as well. The the operation ofconsequences artwith galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this regardless whatever has, improving results of “change”, land prices (and theof empirical research has been focused to a sample of Greek SMEs and its results may whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). help to explain whyspeculation). export orientation could be a significant factor, leading Greek potential relative The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to SMEsThe to aterm better performance is rate ensuring at in thethe same their1960s viability. gentrification found atpeople first UKtime in early and itareas refersofto the then observed trendOrientation, of wealthy toPlanning, buy property in poor Keywords: Export Strategic SMEs Performance andof the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents are Viability, Greek SMEs, Economic Depression, Turnaround Strategies. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth 1. Introduction A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at means the same whilebusiness similar recorded in other The through which organizations seek to achieve theirmajor aims GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western by other and objectives is countries, undoubtedly their Researchers. strategic planning on the one hand and their cities inadaptation Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more strategic on the other. Since then, the issue has several scholars and forfar its been more A considerable amount ofpreoccupied research by many researchers has the so comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various devoted to the widely recognized importance of strategic planning as a significant interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: factor affects the business isorganizations’ for highoforganizational In athat sense, theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trendattainment of a new social groups performance (Robert and Peter, 2012). Export orientation, as a significant that to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costsfactor in money positively affects the SMEs performance and viability, and furthermore the increasing and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the importance for at the SMEs’ presence in the global markets, has been and studied 1.of The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruthnoted GLASS was born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better by manywhere researchers et studies. al.,2013;InParginos, 2019). According to World Trade Berlin, she made(Kiran her first 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. year internationalization she left Germany and types after continuous Report 2016, SMEs useThe onesame or more or modes, for direct orfor lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, London came back to engaging London, indirect trade, whichin is often Prague, considered toand be New the York firstshe step towards in in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and international markets. Thus,where SMEsshe targeting to her internationalization benefits need to University College of London, continued social research. Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying undertake specific actionsbyina order toforpenetrate inalso: foreign markets. By this point of her work are characterized passion justice. See COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: view, SMEs contribute to for their countries exports depending on the sector they Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aoperate. varietyGreek of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, economy has recently experienced the effects of the deep (actually economic

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

recession that has engulfed the country. During this period the country’s SMEs and specifically, micro small and Medium-Sized enterprises (micro SMEs) have suffered the greatest blow from this continuous recession (OECD, 2009 annual report). The role and importance played by SMEs in both the global economy and the Greek economy have been reported by many authors and researchers (Avlonitis and Salavou, 2007). For the Greek reality, the Greek SMEs play an important and active role becoming the backbone for the national economy. Thus, this paper aims to study the impact of the Export Orientation, By as aMr. strategy adopted the SMES, on their George-Sp. C. by ATHANASOPOULOS performance and viabilityHarvard during University, an economic depression. The adoption and Graduate School of Design, Student, implementation by the SMEs of an optimal strategy such as Export Orientation By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect depends on a number of internal and external factors. The more the SMEs’ external Student of the School of Architecture business environment is responsible for declined business organizations, due an Technical University oftoCrete economic or financial crisis, the more the SMEs have to enhance their innovation and market strategies byapproach: investing (Robbins 1992). On the other hand, export1. Introductory Definingand thePearce, concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept oriented SMEs need to adopt and implement a specific strategy will take ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC mix - 370which BC, Athens), into ANTISTHENIS, consideration factors such as Greek the crisis effect on (444 the SMEs, the BC, competition the ancient philosopher, BC 370 Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the intensity, the SMEs’ organizational level and change, as well as their owners or among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the managers personal profile characteristics. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, on this a first, if of not final, approach, the term This therefore, paper is based on “principle” a quantitative research approach, while this empirical 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification survey, focusing1 on a sample of Greek SMEs which consist of export and non-exportgentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various oriented SMEs that implemented turnaround strategies, studies the effects of export Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually low-income and placement there artists, orientation on the Greek SMEs’of performance and the viability during an of economic ways), of social groups, usually ofaslow-income and the placement ofexport artists, the operation ofpaper art galleries, restaurants, etc.In However this “change”,there of depression. The is organized follows. section 2, a literature ofregardless SME the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences resultsdepression also rising land prices (and theof orientationother and growth during anhas, economic is of reviewed by highlighting whatever other consequences has, results alsobyrising of landSMEs. pricesSection (and the potential relative speculation). turnaround strategies adopted and implemented the Greek 3 potential relative speculation). analyses the gentrification methodological approach regarding the definition SME export The term is found at first in the UK in early 1960sofand it refers to The term foundafter atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers orientation andgentrification growth, specifically, a turnaround process asinapoor procedure for the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property ofto the then observed wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas recovery. Section 4, is trend dedicated to the survey results analysis theold export-oriented London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes andof thus residents areof and the non-export-oriented in Greece, by examining business characteristics London, upgrade them, staySMEs themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. (SME characteristics, SMEs owners or managers personal profile characteristics), being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth turnaround strategies adopted by similar them isfor recovery, growth including A description ofperiod, this phenomenon included inwere the workstrategies of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while situations recorded in other major innovation and market strategies (export orientation iswere considered as one of market GLASS at the same period, while similar situations recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. strategies). Furthermore, section 4 provides an analysis regarding the impact of the cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more export orientation, as a growth strategy, on the employedscholars by the SMEs’ turnaround Since then, the issue has preoccupied several andthe for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from various strategies as well approach as on their performance and viability during anthe economic comprehensive are being summarized below, from various interpretations of the ofstudy, gentrification, the following: depression. Finally, thephenomenon findings of this the conclusions and limitations as well interpretations the phenomenon the following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is presented dueof togentrification, a trend of a new as future research on this topic are in Section 5. category of social groups

to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 2. Literature review The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born sense1.of safety the distributed outside town centres, for SMEs areat characterized as residencies vulnerable business organizations according to anin Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: OECD report in 2009. Factorsentertainment deriving from“atthe business services of health, education, theexternal heart ofor theinternal city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for environment, seriously affect their performance leading them to decline. The lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, successful implementation of aregarding Turnaround Process, with use of an appropriate in According 1943 she published studies cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 she teacher in the to another approach, the isthe due tobecame a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and Turnaround Strategies Mix, is the requirement for performance recovery and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. consequently, SMEs’etc., survival sustainability. Turnaround Literature suggests and selling realthe estate, for theand depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: specific Turnaround Strategies which can help declined organizations to cope with G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

financial crisis. These Turnaround Strategies have been categorized into several 109 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

categories, such as: Organizational Change, Retrenchment vs Investment, Market Strategies, and Innovation Strategies. During the last three decades a large number of studies have focused on Turnaround Strategies used by SMEs’, making up a great portion of the literature on Turnaround Management (e.g., Arogyaswamy et al., 1995; Barker and Duhaime, 1997; Castrogiovanni and Bruton, 2000; Cater and Schwab 2008; Chathoth et al., 2006; Chu and Siu, 2001; Filatotchev and Toms, 2006; Hambrick and Schecter 1983; Harker, 1998; Jeyavelu, 2009; Li et al, 2011; Lohrke et al., 2004; Murphy, 2008; Rasheed, 2005; Robbins and Pearce,C.1992; Shapiro, 1989; By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS Sundarsanam and Lai, 2001;Harvard Tikici etUniversity, al., 2011). Graduate School of Design, Student, SMEs in Greece, compared withBy those in the European Union, differ in two Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect essential characteristics: 1) The average number of employees which is approximately Student of the School of Architecture 2 employees per enterprise (Wymenga et al., 2011) and 2)Technical Greek SMEs belong mostly University of Crete to the Family Business type (Zopounidis, 2006) which is associated with the special characteristics and approach: problems analysed the study of Cater and Schwab (2008). 1. Introductory Defininginthe concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept According to Cater and Schwab (2008) research approach, strategies should ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444specific BC - 370 BC, Athens), be employed during thethe firstancient stage ofGreek a Turnaround Process, namely: top management ANTISTHENIS, philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the level change or hiring of externalhe management (in the case of small and very among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he expertise established a great acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content of“principle”: concepts. the small-micro SMEs) and organizational retrenchment. Human capital is a very acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term important strategic resource for modern businesses as it contributes substantially to 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification the creation of 1intangible capital and business capabilities, such as innovation, new gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as and the “refining” of a(through cityisarea, the removal (in various product development diversification research and development) and the Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and(2013) the placement therestates of artists, development of workforce skills. The United Nations Annual Report that ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the adoption and development of other systems of knowledge management within the the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However “change”, regardless whatever other has, rising of land prices (and organization is essential and critical forresults the preservation ofthis intangible capital and the forof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). the success of recovery. potential relative speculation). Orientation is isconsidered, by in many researchers, as a growth strategy TheExport term gentrification found at first the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term found atpeople first ina the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers that then should begentrification employed the firm after successful Turnaround Process for the observed trend by ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto the then observed trend of wealthy people to there buy property in2006; poor areas recovery and expansion (Barker and Duhaime, 1997; Chathoth et al., Chu and London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof Siu, 2001; Li et“squeezed”. al, 2011; et al.,sometimes 2004; Murphy, 2008; 2005; London, upgrade them, stayLohrke themselves there and thusRasheed, old residents are being indirectly Sundarsanam and Lai, 2001; Tikici et al., 2011). According to Atabay (2008), Export being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Performance be defined as the degree of the in achievement the objectives A description of this phenomenon is situations included the recorded work ofofSociologist Ruth GLASS at thecould same period, while similar were in other major expected on foreign markets. External and internal factors have been categorised by GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. several researchers as determinant factors that have a significant impact on the cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Export Performance (Beleska-Spasova, 2014; several Carneiro,scholars Rocha and Silva, Since then, the issue has preoccupied andthe for various its2011; more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from Torrens et al., 2014). Firm competencies, product diversification and characteristics, comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of theorganizational phenomenonstructure of gentrification, the following: firm characteristics, and management perception could be interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new ofcharacteristics, social groups categorised as internal factors, while sector’s or industry’s to “return” to the city,local leaving purlieus for several reasons:could high costs in money competition intensity, andthe foreign markets characteristics be categorized and time tofactors travel (Chen from the purlieus as external et al., 2012). to downtown, where work place is, lack of the The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasbetter bornisin sense1.of safety theBalabanis distributed residencies outside town centres, for According to and Katsikea (2003), entrepreneurial orientation Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: positive associated export performance, though this relationship could(possibly) moderate services of health, with education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for by contextual variables such as organizational and environmental factors. This lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where positive has also been indicated by several out,in not in According 1943 relationship she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. Inresearchers, 1950 sheto became teacher the to another approach, the is due apointing systematic and University College of association London, where she continued her social research. Her public and only the positive between entrepreneurial orientation and export long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by atechnological passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. performance butestate, also with innovativeness well (Aaby and web, Slater, and selling real for theCodepreciation initially ofaspart of the urban in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS etc., SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 1989; Zou and Stan, 1998). SMEs’ owners or managers personal profile characteristics G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually such us adaptive cognition and risk propensity play a crucial role regarding the export 110 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

orientation levels for their business organizations (Parginos, 2015). According to Ibeh (2004), entrepreneurs with high levels of orientation are those that pursue productmarket innovations and opportunities without being affected by several risks or disincentive that are related with their operation. By this point of view the SMEs’ owners or managers export orientation level is a determinant factor for their export performance. Thus, the argument of this paper is that SMEs’ export orientation is more likely to have a positive impact on their performance and viability and furthermore a significant impact (positive) the adopted by them turnaround By Mr. on George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS strategies, such as organizational change strategies, investment retrenchment Harvard University, Graduate School of vs Design, Student, strategies, innovation strategies and market strategies, contributing to a successful By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect turnaround process. Thus, this research aims to answer questions: Studentthe of following the School of Architecture  How the SMEs’ owners or managers personal profile characteristics affect the Technical University of Crete Export Orientation of an SME? 1. Introductory Defining the concept  Is the Crisis approach: Effect on SMEs a significant factor that enhance the SMEs’ Export 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Orientation profile? ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens),  other What are Turnaround Strategies that could (444 positively affect theAthens), SMEs’ ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, among wisethe heritage he left us, he established a great the Export Orientation? among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the  Has theknowledge Export Orientation significant impact the acquisition of starts withathe the content ofon concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, (positive) if of not final, approach, theSMES’ term Performance and Viability? 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term

gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various 3. Methodology and Research Design Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways),Literature of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement research suggests that SMEs’ Export Orientation in Greece, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of arteconomic galleries,depression restaurants, etc. However need this “change”, regardless of specifically during circumstances, further research while the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the the impact of the employed turnaround strategies by the SMES on their performance whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative and viability need speculation). to be studied. By this point of view the research has been designed speculation). The term gentrification is found aiming at first to in evaluate the UK in 1960s andbetween it refersthe to topotential be able torelative answer these questions theearly relationships The term found atpeople first in the UK in 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy to model buy property in poor ofto variables of thegentrification proposed research model. Research isearly presented below as seen then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas inthe figure 1. London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stayanalysis themselves and are Based on the foregoing and sometimes the researchthere model as thus well,old theresidents formulated being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. research hypotheses are the following: A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth AHypothesis description this owners phenomenon is situations included inwere the work cognition of Sociologist Ruth 1:of SMEs managers’ whose adaptive is one of GLASS at the same period, whileor similar recorded in other major their personal profile characteristics, is more likely to be exporters than those they GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. don’t, while Crisis Effect onhas SMEs is a Researchers. condition that could lead SMEs to be cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Since then, the issue several scholars and for itsExport more Oriented. Furthermore, SMEshas thatpreoccupied adopt and implement the Turnaround Strategies: Since then, the issue several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Organizational Change, Investment Retrenchment and Innovation is more to comprehensive approach arevs being summarized from thelikely various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: be Export Oriented. interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: In aHypothesis sense, the2: phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups SMEs Export-Oriented is more likely to significantly improve their to “return” torate thethan city,those leaving theare purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money performance they not Export-Oriented. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where place lack oftheir the Hypothesis 3: SMEs Export-Oriented is more likely towork achieve andis,ensure 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Viability than those they are not Export-Oriented. Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where 3.1 Measures – Geneva, Research Instrument studies and research Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 shequestionnaire published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 she teacher the to another approach, is due tobecame a systematic and The created to the collect the necessary primary data for in the Universityof College of London, where continued social research. Her public and purposes this survey onshe a series of her published and tested for reliability, long-term informal effortbased by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. construct validity internal consistency and factorability measurement instruments and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: (scales). The Measurement Instrument to measure the SMEs’ owners or managers G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

personal profile characteristics (Adaptive Cognition) which used by this present research is the scale of the Haynie and Shepherd (2009) consisting of 36 items. The scale used to measure the Crisis Effect on the SMEs is the scale of Lopez et al. (2011). The scale used to measure the Turnaround Strategies impact on the SMEs Export Orientation, is the TSMI measurement instrument consisting of 36 items (Parginos, 2015). Scales to measure the SMEs’ Viability (Current and future Viability) were taken from Parginos’

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS FigureUniversity, 1: Research Model School of Design, Student, Harvard Graduate By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

112

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof s (2019) doctoral thesis. Finally, the scale that used to measure the SMEs’ London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Performance was the scale of Roach (2011) consisting of eight (8) items. These scales being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this is included inwhich the work SociologisttoRuth were included into an phenomenon open type questionnaire was ofdistributed the A description ofsample this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while in other major formulated research for that similar purpose. GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. 3.2.then, Sample Since the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Since then, the has several scholars and for its more The survey wasissue conducted from 2013 tobelow, February 2014. A various random comprehensive approach arepreoccupied beingOctober summarized from the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various stratified sampleofof Greek SMEs in the Islands region was interpretations the550 phenomenon of operating gentrification, theIonian following: created by thethe researcher and 550 questionnaires included the itemsinterpretations of the phenomenon of the following: In a sense, phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of -that a new category of scales’ social groups were distributed to SMEs from different business sectors. The survey yielded 209 to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money usable responses, providing a response rate of 38%. These responses include 48 and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the companies from the services sector (22.97%), 5 from constructions (2.39%), 16 from termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, manufacturing (7.66%), 6 from fisheriesIn(2.87%), from tourism (16.74%), 61entitled: from Berlin, where she made her first studies. 1932 she35 published an important study services of health, education, entertainment “at thetransportation heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth(29.19%), Unemployment. Thewholesale same year(6.70%), she left Germany after continuous movements retail 14 from 10 fromand (4.78%), and 14for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, studies and business research Geneva,(6.70%). Prague, London and car New York she came to back to London, where from other sectors Regarding theeasier respondents’ gender, 164etc. were in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and male (78.47%) and 45 were female (21.53%). The distribution of the respondents University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying according to characterized age was: 17-25 26-35 (28.4%), 36-45 (25.0%), 46-55 (24.0%), her work are by a(2.4%), passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially part of the urban web, in and 56 above (20.2%). The distribution of WIKIPEDIA: the ofrespondents’ educational 10th edit.or Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm abackground variety of according ways, in order to achieve theLegal “assisted”, (actually to orientation was: (1.0%), “voluntary”, Economics/Management

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Table 1: Concerns Sample’s demographics Percentage

(31.4%), IT/New Technologies (6.3%), Classical (1.3%), Positive Sciences (7.7%), Medical/Paramedical (4.3%), Polytechnic (5.8%), Technological (15.0%), General Education (15.9%) and Other (11.1%). Frequency (n=209)

Gender

Age

(%) Male 164 78.5 By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Female 45 21.5 By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect 17 - 25 5 2.4 Student of the School of Architecture 26 - 35 59 38.2 Technical University of Crete

36 - 45 51 24.9 46 55 50 23.9 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 55 or more 43 20.1 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, missing 1 0.5 ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the Highscool 97 46.40 among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Education University 85 40.66 acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term Master/MBA 26 12.44 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the gentrification) area of (or gentrification PhD is 1 Planning) 0.50term 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various up to 1200€ 69 33.00 Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a -city area, from this, of (in17.20 various 1201 1700€ 36there ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, 1701 2200€ 21 10.00 the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless 2201 2700€ 14 6.70 whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof Monthly Income 2701 - 3200€ also rising of land 22prices (and 10.50 the whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results potential relative 3201 4200€ 16 7.70 to potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers 4201 5200€ 11 5.30 to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor of more than 5200€ 17 8.10 of the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents are missing 3 1.40

London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description this phenomenon includedofin the the work Sociologist Ruth As seen inofTable 1, the vast ismajority SMEs’ofowners/managers A description ofmale this phenomenon is situations included the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at thewere same period, while similar were recorded in otherofmajor respondents (78.47%). while 21.53%in (valid percentage) the GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major respondents werecountries, female. The percentages of the respondents’ age showing cities in Western by relative other Researchers. cities Western bypreoccupied other Researchers. that theinmajority ofcountries, the respondents (valid percentage) ages from 45 more years Since then, the issue has severalwere scholars and 17 for–its Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its old, while the largest portion was the ages of 26below, – 35 (28.2%) and 36 more – 45 comprehensive approach are between being summarized from comprehensive approach are being below, the various (24.9%) years age, respectively. Table alsosummarized depicts that out offrom 209 (53.60%) of interpretations of the phenomenon of1gentrification, the112 following: the respondents holders of aisBachelor’s, Master’s a PhD degree, which groups means interpretations of the phenomenon the following: In a sense, theare phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trend of a or new category of social that they have thecity, required forfor absorbing Adaptivehigh Cognition to “return” to the leavingpossibilities the purlieus several reasons: costs in(Haynie money 2009). The majority of the respondents has a monthly income up to 1.200,00€. As a and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the general conclusion of from the demographic analysis, based on the formulated forborn thisin termat comes Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, research sample, it is obvious that includes well educated, mostly young participants, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of to health, entertainment the heart of the city”, (possibly) that belong the 26education, – The 35 age interval earning a “at low-income level. Youth Unemployment. same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and 3.3. Findings University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Theare collected data with the useforofjustice. the survey’s wereDICTIONARY. processed her work characterized by a passion See also:questionnaire COLLINS ENGLISH and selling realCOLLINS estate,Package etc., for the initially of part of the urban web, in using the Wil. Statistical forCodepreciation the (SPSS). The measurement 10th edit. SONS AND Ltd. Social London Sciences 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm ainstruments variety of were ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, tested under a Cronbach’s Alpha reliability analysis. (actually Reliability

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Table 2: Cronbach Alpha Reliability Analysis Concerns Cronbach's Number Reliability

analysis is essential for the correct calculation of the variables composite scores. According to Robson (2002), in order for this calculation to be meaningful, scales have to achieve an acceptable level of reliability.

Scale / Instrument

Alpha of Items Assessment By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Adaptive Cognition (Haynie and Shepherd, 2009) 0.843 36 Good Harvard University, Graduate School Student, Adaptive Cognition (Factor 1) (Haynie and Shepherd, 2009) 0.901 of Design, 5 Excellent By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Adaptive Cognition (Factor 2) (Haynie and Shepherd, 2009) 11 of Good Student 0.883 of the School Architecture Adaptive Cognition (Factor 3) (Haynie and Shepherd, 2009) 0.792 8 Acceptable Technical University of Crete Adaptive Cognition (Factor 4) (Haynie and Shepherd, 2009) 0.808 5 Good 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Adaptive Cognition (Factor 5) (Haynie and Shepherd, 2009) 0.903 7 Excellent 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancient philosopher, 0.949 21 Excellent Financial Crisis Effect onthe SME's (LopezGreek et al., 2012) ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 Athens), among other wise -heritage he left us, he established a great the Turnaround Strategies Investment vs Retrenchment (Original) (444 0.852 14 BC, Good among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Turnaround Strategies - Organizational Change (Original) 0.734 7 Acceptable acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term Turnaround Strategies - Export Strategies (Original) 0.954 7 Excellent 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the term gentrification) the area of Planning) (or gentrification Turnaround Strategies - Innovation (Original) 0.918 Excellent (or 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom area6this, of Planning) Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various SME Performance (Factor 1) (Roach, 2011)of a city area, the removal 3there Sociology as well), as the “refining” from this,Good (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the 0.876 placement of SME Performance (Factor 2) (Roach, 2011) 0.739 4 Acceptable ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Export Orientation (Original) 0.977 9 Excellent the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever other consequences has, results of land5prices (and the Perceived Current Viability - Human Resources (Original)also rising 0.747 Acceptable potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). Perceived Current Viability - Capital Goodsat(Original) The term gentrification is found first in the UK in 0.769 early 1960s6andAcceptable it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto Perceived Current Viability - Capital Adequacy (Original) the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in7 poor 0.869 Good the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof Perceived Current Viability - Production Capacity (Original) 0.741 4 Acceptable London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Perceived Current Viability - Market Position (Original) 0.776 6 Acceptable being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of thisphenomenon is included work of Sociologist Perceived Current Viability Financial Performance (Original)in the0.862 5 Good Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Perceived Future Viability - Humanwhile Resources (Original) 0.730recorded 5 in Acceptable GLASS at the same period, similar situations were other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Perceived Future Viability - Capital 0.952 6 Excellent cities in Western countries, byGoods other(Original) Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Perceived Viability - Capital Adequacy (Original)several 0.807 7 for Good SinceFuture then, the issue has scholars and its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the various Perceived Future Viability Production Capacity (Original) 0.889 6 Good comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Perceived Futurethe Viability Market Position (Original) interpretations of the-phenomenon the following: 0.774 5of social Acceptable In a sense, phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new category groups 0.980 5 Excellent Perceived Future Viability Financial Performance (Original) to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money

114

and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Tableterm 2 depicts the results Ruth of the conducted reliability analysis. All from Sociologist GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, measurement instruments (scales) were reliable under the Cronbach’s Alpha Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services oftest health, education, entertainment “atthe the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. samescores year she left above Germany and continuous reliability analysis The as their were 0.70after cut-0ff point which provesfor lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, London and New York shefor came to London, the reliability of the scale. AfterPrague, the successful reliability test theback scales that used, a in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and multiple linear regression analysis conducted in order to test the survey’s hypotheses. University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, ofaction buying Furthermore, in order to determine impact ofmanufacturers, export orientation as aDICTIONARY. significant her work are characterized by a passionthe for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH and selling realCOLLINS estate, and etc., for theCodepreciation initially partsurvey’s of the urban web, in factor for Wil. the export non-export-oriented SMEsWIKIPEDIA: onofthe model key10th edit. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm avariances variety aofone-way ways, in orderanalysis to achieve the “assisted”, (actually ANOVA conducted to test each “voluntary”, one of them. Testing the

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

hypothesis 1, a multiple linear regression analysis was conducted whose results are depicted in the following Table 3, whish reveals the significant (positive) impact of the Adaptive Cognition, Crisis Effect on SMEs, Organizational Change, Investment vs Retrenchment and Innovation on the SMEs Export Orientation, showing that each one of them exerts a significant influence, for the development and improvement, on global market expansion by the SMEs.

Table 3: Model Summary, DV: Export Orientation IVs: Adaptive Cognition, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Crisis Effect on SMEs, Organizational Change, Investment vsDesign, Retrenchment Harvard University, Graduate School of Student, and Innovation By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Adjusted Std. Error of Model R R² Technicalthe University of Crete R² Estimate

1. Introductory approach: the concept .558 1 .754aDefining .569 .65576 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient philosopher, (444on BC - 370Organizational BC, Athens), a. Predictors: (Constant), AdaptiveGreek Cognition, Crisis Effect SMEs, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the Change among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Investment vs Retrenchment and Innovation acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term Summary statistics also reveal how important is a successful completed 1 (and urban Based, therefore, ongrowth this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of SMEs’ Planning) (or gentrification Turnaround process on strategies and specifically on the Export 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Orientation. The coefficient of correlation ® = 0.754; the coefficient of Sociology as well), the “refining” of a city area, from this, of (in various ways), of social groups, usually low-income andthe the placement there artists, determination (R²) =as0,569; andofthe standard error ofremoval estimate 0.65576, indicate ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the artSMEs galleries, restaurants, etc.profile However this “change”, regardless of thatoperation 56,9% ofof the Export Orientation perception is associated with the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land (and the the SMEs’ owners or managers personal profile characteristics andprices the adopted byof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has,Presults alsoshowing rising ofthe land prices (and the potential relative them Turnaround Strategy Mix, while value (sig.) significance of the potential relative speculation). Theisterm gentrification model smaller than 0.05. is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor Table 4: upgrade ANOVA, DV:trend Export Orientation Ivs: Adaptive Cognition, Crisisareas Effect London, them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves there thus old residents are on SMEs, Organizational Change, sometimes Investment vsand Retrenchment and being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. Innovation A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, thisSum phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while in other major of similar Mean Model DF situations were recorded F Sig. GLASS at the same period, while similar in other major Squares Square cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Regression 135.259 5 45.086scholars 41.644and for .000b Since then, the issue has several its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the various 1 Residual approach comprehensive are being summarized below, from the various 221.946 of gentrification, 203 1.083 interpretations of the phenomenon the following: interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: Totaltheof 357.205 208 In a sense, phenomenon is dueof to a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money a. Dependent Variable: Orientation and time to travel fromExport the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in b. Predictors: (Constant), Adaptive Cognition, Crisis Effect onfor SMEs, sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Organizational Change services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Investment vs Retrenchment and Innovation lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College where she continued social Her public action and As seen ininformal Tableof4London, and by the following Tableher 5manufacturers, thereresearch. is a significant effect of long-term effort organized groups, brokers of buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Adaptive Cognition, Change, Investment vs of Retrenchment and and selling realCOLLINS estate,Organizational etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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E¶.A¶. A¶.TO¶. TO¶.AYT. AYT.¶EP. ¶EP.AN. AN./ R.DEC. / R.DEC.ADM. ADM.LOC. LOC.DEV. DEV.REG. REG./ R. / R.DEC. DEC.LOC. LOC.GOV. GOV.REG. REG.DEV. DEV. E¶.

GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Table 5: Coefficients, DV: Export Orientation Ivs: Adaptive Cognition, Crisis Effect on SMEs, Organizational Change, Investment vs Retrenchment and Concerns Innovation Innovation on Export Orientation at the p<0.05 level for the six conditions [F (5,203) = 41.644, p<0.000].

116

Standardi By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Unstandardised sed Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Coefficients Coefficien Model t Sig. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect ts Student of the School of Architecture Std. B Beta Technical University of Crete Error (Constant) approach: -0.084 0.467 -0.181 0.857 1. Introductory Defining the concept Turnaround 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, Strategy: ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), 0.042 0.225 (444 4.071 0.000 among other wise heritage0.170 he left us, he established a great the Organizational among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Change acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term Turnaround 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification Strategy: (and 1 (and urban 0.230 0.071 0.176 3.225 0.001 gentrification gentrification) isarea, indicated (in the areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal from (in various 1 Investment vs Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways),Retrenchment of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of Turnaround the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences results also rising of 7.643 land prices0.000 (and theof Strategy: 0.330has, 0.043 0.438 whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Innovation potential relative TheCrisis termEffect gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to onspeculation). 0.045 2.895 The term gentrification iswealthy found at first in the UK in early 1960s and0.004 itareas refersofto the then observed trend of0.131 people to0.143 buy property in poor SMEs the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents Adaptive Cognition 0.226 0.076 0.155 2.959 0.003 areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. a. Dependent Variable: Export Orientation being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, thisby phenomenon included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations in major Hypothesis 2 was tested conducting aislinear regression analysis asother well whose GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. results are depicted in the following Table 6 which reveals that there is a cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and forand its more significant (positive) linear relationship between Export Orientation SMEs Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from Performance. comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations the phenomenon of the following: Table 6: Model Summary, DV: SMEs IV: Export of Orientation In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, aPerformance trend of a new category social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs Std. Error of in themoney Model R² to downtown, Adjusted R² and time to travel R from the purlieus where work place is, lack Estimate of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the1.09884 city”,movements (possibly)for 1 Unemployment. .489a .228 Youth The same.239 year she left Germany and after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, a.inPredictors: (Constant), Export Orientation 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the According to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work arestatistics characterized by a passion for justice. Seeimpact also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Summary thedepreciation significant thetheSMEs’ Export and selling realCOLLINS estate,confirm etc., for the initially ofthat part of urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Orientation exert on their Performance. The coefficient of determination (R²) = G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 0.228; and the standard error of estimate 1.09884, indicating that 22.80% of SMEs

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Table 7: ANOVA, DV: SMEs Performance IV: Export Orientation Sum ofConcerns Model DF Mean Square F

Performance is explained by the model, while P value (sig.) showing the significance of the model is smaller than 0.05. Sig. Squares Regression 77.882 1 25.961 21.500 .000b Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS 1 Residual 247.528 By 207 1.200 Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Total 325.410 208 By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect a. Dependent Variable: SMEs Performance Student of the School of Architecture b. Predictors: (Constant), Export Orientation Technical University of Crete As seen in Table 7 and the following Table 8 there is a significant effect of Export Orientation on the SMEs’ Performance theconcept p<0.05 level for the three conditions 1. Introductory approach: Definingatthe 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept [F (1,207) = 21.500, p<0.000]. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the Table 8: Coefficients, DV: SMEs Performance IV: Export Orientation among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Unstandardised Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if Standardised not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, ifCoefficients notthe final, approach, Coefficients gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification Model t the term Sig. 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various B Std. Error Beta Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of(Constant) social groups, usually of low-income and the placement 4.200of low-income 0.514 and the placement there 8.163 of artists, 0.000 ways), of social groups, usually the1 operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Export the operation ofconsequences art galleries,0.287 restaurants, etc.also However this regardless whatever other has, results rising0.227 of “change”, land prices (and 0.007 theof 0.105 2.732 Orientation whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). a. Dependent Variable: SMEs Performance potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Finally, Hypothesis 3 trend was also tested bypeople conducting a property linear regression analysis the then observed wealthy to there buy in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof whose results are depicted in themselves the following Table 9. Results confirm that there isare a London, upgrade them, stay sometimes there and thus old residents being indirectly “squeezed”. significant (positive) linear relationship between Export Orientation and SMEs being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Viability (Current and Future). A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities Table in Western countries, by other 9: Model Summary, DV:Researchers. SMEs Viability IV: Export Orientation cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars Std. andError for its of more the comprehensive approach are being summarized Model R R² Adjusted R²below, from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Estimate interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: In phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend.510 of a new of social groups 1 a sense, the .721a .520 0.55006 to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money a. Predictors: (Constant), Export Orientation and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin,As where she made her first studies. Inthere 1932 is shea published an impact important study entitled: seen in Summary statistics, significant of the SMEs’ services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. The year she left (Current Germany and continuous Export Orientation on thesame SMEs Viability andafter Future). The coefficient of lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, determination (R²) = 0.510; and the standard error of estimate 0.55006, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and indicating that 51.00% of the SMEs (Current Future) explained by University informal College of London, where sheViability continued her socialand research. Herispublic and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying hermodel, work arewhile characterized by(sig.) a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. the P value showing the significance of the model is smaller and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: than 0.05, confirming that Export Orientation is a significant Factor that positively G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually affect the SMEs’ Viability (Current and Future).

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Table 10: ANOVA, DV: SMEs Viability IV: Export Orientation Mean Definition, Types Concerns of Gentrification Model Sum of Squares DF of intervention, F Sig. Square Regression Concerns 66.812 1 16.703 55.204 .000b

207 0.303 208 By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS a. Dependent Variable: SMEs Viability Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, b. Predictors: (Constant), Export Orientation By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect As seen in Table 10 and the following Table 11 thereofisthe a significant (positive) Student School of Architecture impact of Export Orientation on the SMEs’ Viability (Current and Future) of atCrete the Technical University

118

Residual Total

61.725 128.537

p<0.05 level for the three conditions [F (1,207) = 55.204, p<0.000]. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Table 11: Coefficients, DV: SMEsphilosopher, Viability IV:(444 Export ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek BCOrientation - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), Unstandardised Standardised among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Coefficients Coefficients among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the Model t Sig. acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with definition the content of concepts. B thein Std. Error Beta Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a0.296 first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification (Constant) 2.805 9.461 0.000 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various 1 Export Orientation 0.109 0.054 0.137 0.043 Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this,2.032 (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement of ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation Variable: of art galleries, etc. However this “change”, regardless of a. Dependent SMEs restaurants, Viability the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). 4. Discussion potential relative speculation). TheThe term gentrification is found at firstwere in thestudied UK in early 1960s and it refers to study’s formulated hypotheses by using linear regression The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas ofto analysis for the first hypothesis while linear regression analysis was used for the then observed wealthy sometimes people buy property in conducted poor areas London, upgrade stay of themselves there and thus old residents are hypotheses 2 andthem, 3. trend Export Orientation ANOVAtoanalysis was also toof London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and thus oldand residents are compare the impact of Export Orientationsometimes on the SMEs Performance Viability being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. (Current and Future). The results of the tested hypotheses are presented in the A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description this phenomenon is situations included the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth following 12.ofperiod, Taking into consideration, the in results of the multiple linear GLASS atTable the same while similar were in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major regression analysis that used to test hypothesis 1 (Tables 3, 4 and 5), showed that all cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. five independent variables were found to have a significant (positive) relationship on cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more the SMEs Thus, the Hypothesis 1 is supported. SinceExport then,Orientation. the issue has several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from A linear regression analysis was usedsummarized to test the hypothesis 2 (Tables 6,various 7 and comprehensive approach are being below, from the interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: 8)interpretations as well as the of Export Orientation ANOVA analysis (Table 13) for the export and the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups non-export-oriented SMEs on the SMEs Performance and Viability (Current and to “return” to thethat city,Export leavingOrientation the purlieus forfound several high costs (positive) in money Future), showed was toreasons: have a significant and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the relationship on the SMEs Performance. Thus, the Hypothesis 2 is supported. Finally, a 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, linear regression analysis was used to test hypothesis 3 (Tables 9, 10 and 11) as well Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at13) the heart the city”, (possibly)for asYouth the Export Orientation analysis for the of export and movements non-exportUnemployment. The ANOVA same year she left(Table Germany and after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where oriented SMEs on the SMEs Performance and Viability (Current and Future), showed studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, in According 1943 sheOrientation published studies regarding cityphenomenon In(positive) 1950 sheto became teacher the to another the is due a systematic and that Export wasapproach, found to have aplanning. significant relationship onin the University College(Current of London, where she continued social research. brokers Her and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying SMEs Viability and Future). Thus,her the Hypothesis 3 public is supported. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Furthermore, the Export Orientation ANOVA analysis, as sheen the following Table and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of partinof the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 13, confirmed that when an SME is export oriented, then there is a positive impact on G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Table 12: Results of the tested Hypotheses Concerns

its Performance and Viability. Moreover, the results suggest that when an SME is export oriented, higher performance rates could be achieved so that to ensure its Viability during an economic depression. HYPOTHESES

RESULT

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS

There is a positive relationship between Adaptive Cognition, Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Crisis Effect on SMEs, Organizational Change, Investment vs Supported By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Retrenchment, Innovation and Export Orientation

Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

There is a positive relationship between Orientation and 1. Introductory approach: Defining theExport concept H2 Supported 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept SMEs Performance ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of isknowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based,There therefore, on this “principle” a first,Orientation if of not final, a positive relationship between Export andapproach, the term H3 Supported 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification SMEs Viability (Current and Future) 1 gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of 5. Conclusions and Implications the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the The study examined the impact of the SMEs’ Export Orientation on their whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Performance and speculation). Viability during depression circumstances. Furthermore, also potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found atMix first in the UK in early it refers to studied how a Turnaround Strategies adopted by the SMEs 1960s duringand a Turnaround The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor ofto Process towards with their owners or managers personal profile characteristics could the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are have a positive impact (enhance) their Export Orientation. Taking into considerationof London, upgrade them,Greek stay themselves andsample thus oldaccounted residentsup are being indirectly “squeezed”. that the export oriented SMEs of thesometimes formulatedthere survey’s being indirectly “squeezed”. to aApercentage of of 42,10% on the total and based on in thethe findings, theSociologist study concluded description this phenomenon is included work of Ruth ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth that A fordescription the Greek SMEs there is stillsimilar a way to go in order torecorded be considered as Export GLASS at the same while in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Oriented. Furthermore, research’s results also confirmed that Crisis Effect on SMEs is cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. in Western countries, by other Researchers. acities significant factor which positively affects the SMEs’ Export Orientation profile. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Although is anthe easily understood issue,summarized thereseveral are however, a lot of obstacles that Sincethis then, issue has scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being below, from the Greek SMEs have to overcome in order to obtain an Export Orientation profile. Since comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: access bankingofor other kind of financing is almost non-existent for Greek interpretations theany phenomenon thecategory following: In a to sense, the phenomenon is dueoftogentrification, a trend of a new of social groups SMEs, while at the same time suffering from a serious lack of resources, then securing to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money the necessary requirements for Investment Strategies implementation is, in fact, and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the extremely difficult. This is the reason why export-oriented Greek SMEs are mainly in 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety theand, distributed residencies outside town centres, the tourism sector, especially, the In hotel industry. For the SMEs, it would Berlin, where she made her first studies. 1932 she published an Greek important study entitled: services of exaggeration health, education, entertainment “at the heartasof city”, (possibly) not be Unemployment. an claim that Orientation, athe part of movements the marketfor Youth Thetosame year sheExport left Germany and after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies andisresearch in Geneva, Prague, and New sheto came back tosurvival London, strategies, the main spearhead in London an attempt forYork them achieve and in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher in the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and viability. Although the placement of products and services produced by the Greek University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying SMEs’ in foreign markets is a complex and targeted process, that mostly requires the her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially ofofpart of the urban in adoption Investment Strategies for London the integration innovation intoweb, these 10th edit. of Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: products and services, nevertheless, during economic or financial crisis G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

circumstances, it is the antidote to the shrinking domestic market. Regarding future implications, this study has succeeded in evaluating the effect of the Greek Ionian Islands SMEs Export Orientation profile on their Performance and Viability in the volatile environment of recession in Greece. Thus, this research could be used in other regions of Greece, or even in other countries that also face recession circumstances. It doesn’t only serve the purpose of explaining, but also helps with choosing Turnaround Strategies that could lead SMEs to develop and improve their Export Orientation profile, in order to return to profitable outcomes. The C. proved reliability of the By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS Instruments can be very useful for research on SMEs’ and their growth Strategies. On Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, the other hand, the present study’s results as those obtained by the use of the By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect proposed model, could be used by other Greek regions or even by other Student of SMEs’ the School of Architecture countries SMEs’ that cope with financial or economic crisisTechnical circumstances. University of Crete

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1. Introductory the conceptANOVA Analysis Tableapproach: 13: SMEs Defining Export Orientation 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, The SMEs' Export Orientation Effect on Performance Descriptives ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established 95% Confid Intervala great “principle”: the SMEs N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Maximum Lower Bound Upper Bound among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatMinimum acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content of“principle”: concepts. the Non Export 121 4.2665 1.30053 0.11823 4.0324 4.5006 1.00 6.75 Oriented SMEs acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Export Oriented 4.6222 1.15470 0.12309 4.8668 1.00 7.00 188 SMEs Based, therefore, on this “principle” in4.3775 a first, if (in not final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) is indicated the area of Planning) (or gentrification 4.2457 4.5868 Total 209 4.4163 1.25079 0.08652 1.0 7.00 1 gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various The SMEs' Export Orientation Effect on Performance ANOVA Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social of low-income and Fthe placement Sumgroups, of Squares usually Df Mean Square Sig. there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, 6.443 6.443 etc. However 4.182 0.042 there Between Groups 1 restaurants, the operation of art galleries, “change”, regardless of 318.966 1.541 Within Groups 207 the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless Total 208 whatever other325.409 consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof The SMEs' Export Orientation Effect on Viability (Current and Future) Descriptives whatever other consequences has, results95% also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). Confid Interval SMEs N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Minimum Maximum Lower Bound Upper Bound potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Non Export 121 4.8272 0.84235 0.07658 4.9788 2.62 6.71 The term gentrification found atpeople first 4.6756 in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers Oriented SMEs the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto Export Oriented 88 5.0892 0.67715 0.07218 4.9458 5.2327 3.09 6.59 the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas of SMEs London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents are Total 209 4.9375 0.78611 0.05438 2.62 6.71 4.8303 5.0447 London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. The SMEs' Export Orientation Effect on Viability (Current and Future) ANOVA being indirectly Sum of“squeezed”. Squares Df Meanis Square A description of this phenomenon included inF the work ofSig.Sociologist Ruth 3.499 3.499 Between Groups 1 A description of this phenomenon is included5.792 inwere the recorded work 0.017 of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period,207while similar situations in other major 125.038 0.604 Within Groups GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Total 208 128.537 cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: REFERENCES interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” the city,S.leaving purlieusInfluences for several high costsAin money Aaby, to N. & Slater, (1989). the Management on reasons: Export Performance: Review of the Empirical Literature. International Marketing Review, 26where (6), 1978-1988. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, work place is, lack of the Arogyaswamy, Barker, V.residencies & Yasai-Ardekani, M. (1995). Firmsearch turnarounds: Anin The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. 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C.-Y. & Olsen, M. D. (2006). Turnaround strategy: A study of Technical University of Crete restaurant firms. Hospitality management, 25. Chu, P. and Siu, W. (2001). Coping with the Asian Economic Crisis: The Rightsizing 1. Introductory Defining the The concept Strategies of Small andapproach: Medium-sized Enterprises. International Journal of Human Resource 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Management, 12, 845–58.the ancient Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, Chen, Yen-Chun, Li,the Po-Chien Evans, Kenneth, R. (2012). Effects of Interaction and ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he and left us, he established a great the Entrepreneurial Orientation on Organizational Performance: Insights into Market Driven and among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Market Driving. 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TheHaynie, term gentrification is found at first in theA UK in early 1960s and it refersfor to Michael & Shepherd, Dean. (2009). Measure of Adaptive Cognition The term gentrification found atpeople first inand the UK in early and itareas refersofto Entrepreneurship Research. Entrepreneurship Theory 33 (3).1960s the then observed trend ofiswealthy to Practice. buy property in poor Ibeh, K. (2004). Furthering export participation performing developing countries. the then observed trend wealthy peopleintoless buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof International Journal of Social Economics. 311 (2), 94-110. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Jeyavelu, S. (2009). Organizational Identity Dissonance in Organizational Decline and being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Turnaround. The Journal of Business Perspective, 13 (2), 33-45. A description ofperiod, this phenomenon includedmarketing inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same whileK,similar situations inforother Kiran V, Majumdar M, Kishore 2012,is Innovative strategies Micro,major small GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major & medium enterprises, Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Bangalore India, the (online) June 2012Researchers. Vol 4, No 2, pp1059-1066, Since then, issue has several scholars and for(journal its morearchieves19.webs.com/1059-1066.pdf accessed October 22, 2012) Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Li, X., Roca, P. approach S. & Papaoikonomou, E. (2011). SMEs’ responses to the financial and comprehensive are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon the following: economic crisis and policy implications: of angentrification, analysis of agricultural and furniture sectors in interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Catalonia, Spain.the Policy Studies, 32, 397-412. Lohrke, F. T., Bedeian, A. G. & Palmer, T. B. (2004). The role of top management in to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs inteams money formulating and implementing turnaround strategies: a review and research agenda. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the International Journal of Management Reviews 5 (6), 63-90. 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, Monroy, Cervino, E. (2011). The impact of financial crisis onstudy profitability, Berlin,Lopez, whereA.,she made A. her&first studies. In 1932 she published an important entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) asset turnover and state aid in SMEs. African Journal of Business Management, Vol: 5 (33), pp.for Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, 12749-12753. in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 she teacher from in the to another approach, is due tobecame a systematic and Murphy, J. (2008). The place of the leadership in turnaround schools: Insights University informal College of London, where sheprivate continued her social research. Her public and organizational recovery in the by public and sectors. Journal of Educational Administration, long-term effort organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 46, 74-98. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: OECD, (2009). TheSONS Impact of the Global Crisis on SME and Entrepreneurship Financing Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aand variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Policy Responses. 26-27 of March Italy.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns Okpara, J., (2009). "Strategic choices, export orientation and export performance of

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SMEs in Nigeria", Management Decision, Vol. 47 Issue: 8, pp.1281-1299. Parginos, P., I. (2015). Evaluating SMEs’ Turnaround Strategy Mix Effects on their Performance & Viability during Financial By Crisis Evidence from Greece. In: Mr. Circumstances: George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS International Conference on business EconomicsGraduate of the Hellenic University 2015, Harvard & University, SchoolOpen of Design, Student, February 6-7, Athens, Greece. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Parginos, P., I. (2015). Measuring the Turnaround StrategyofMix SMEs during Economic Student theofSchool of Architecture Crisis: Evidence from Greece. In: Advances in Business–Related Scientific Research Conference Technical University of Crete 2015, 25-27 March Venice (ABSRC 2015), Italy. Parginos, I., P. (2019). Factors Affecting the Utilization of Specific Turnaround Strategies 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept by SMEs During an Economic Depression [Ph. D Thesis, Bolton University] 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, https://books.google.gr/books?id=PDBLygEACAAJ. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCBusiness: -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), Rasheed, H., S. (2005). Turnaround Strategies for Declining The Effects among other wise heritage he left us, he established a Small great the of Performance and Resources. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 10, 239. among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Roach, D., (2011). Thestarts Impactwith of Product Managementthe on SME Performance: Evidence acquisition of C. knowledge theindefinition content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term from Canadian Firms. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 18, 695-714. 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notRetrenchment final, approach, the term (and gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification Robbins, D., K. urban and Pearce, J. A. (1992). Turnaround: and Recovery. 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Strategic Management Journal, 13, 287-309. Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Roberts, N.C., & Peter, L. (2012). The dilemma of planning in large-scale public ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, organizations: ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of The case of the United States Navy. The Journal of Publicthis Administration Research andof the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the Theory, 4(4), 469-491. whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Robson, C. (2002). Real World Research: A Resource for Social Scientists and Practitioner potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Researchers, Oxford: Blackwell. The term gentrification found atpeople first Strategy. in the UK early 1960s and itareas refers Shapiro, C. (1989). The Theory of Business Thein Rand Journal Economics, 20, the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in of poor ofto the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas 125-137. London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof Sudarsanam, S. and stay Lai, themselves J. (2001). Corporate Financial Distress and residents Turnaround London, upgrade them, sometimes there and thus old are being indirectly “squeezed”. Strategies: An Empirical Analysis. British Journal of Management, 12, 183-199. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included of Sociologist Ruth M., Ece Omayb, Neslihan Derinc, Seçkind,inS.the N. work and Cureoglue, M. (2011). ATikici, description ofStrategies this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS the same period, while recorded in other major Operating at Turnaround duringsimilar Crisis Periods: A Research on Manufacturing Firms. 7th GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. International Strategic Management Conference. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences 49-60. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other & Researchers. Torrens, & Amal,has Mohamed Tontini,several Gérson. (2014). Determinants of Export Since then,Edson the issue scholars and for its more Performance of Small and Medium-sized Brazilian Enterprises the Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for from its more comprehensive approach are beingManufacturing summarized below, from various Perspective of Resource-based View and Uppsala Model. Revista Brasileira de Gestao de comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Negocios, 16, 511-539. interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In aUnited sense, Nations theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of aKnowledge new of social Strategy groups Development Program (2014). Management to “return”Annual to theReport city, leaving theYork. purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Framework 2013, New World Trade from Organization (WTO)to(2016). Levelling the trading field for SMEs.ofWTO and time to travel the purlieus downtown, where work place is, lack the Annual Report, Geneva 2016. 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Spanikova, Derbyshire, and Barker, an A. important Are EU entitled: SMEs Berlin,Wymenga, where sheP., her first V., studies. In 1932J.she published study services of Annual health,made education, entertainment “at the heart of (2011). the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The year and she left Germany and after continuous movements Recovering. Report onsame EU Small Medium–sized Enterprises 2010/2011. Rotterdam,for lower living costEcorys of, in “withdrawal” private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Cambridge, 2011: Nederland Bv.from in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and Zopounidis, K. 2006. SMEs in Greece: General Characteristics and Financial Profile. University[Online]. College [Accessed of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and disabled.gr 23/10/2012]. long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Zou, S.real andestate, Stan, S., (1998). Thedepreciation Determinants of Export of Performance: Aurban Review of the and selling for the initially part of the web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS etc., SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Empirical Literature between 1987 and 1997. International Marketing Review, Vol 15, No. 5, pp. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 333-356.

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Ιδιαίτερα σημαντική είναι η συμβολή της πρόσφατης επιστημονικής Ιδιαίτερα σημαντική είναι η συμβολή της πρόσφατη δραστηριότητας του διεθνούς κύρους περιοδικού The Economistδραστηριότητας στην έγκυρη του διεθνούς κύρους περιοδικού The Econo ενημέρωση της Διεθνούς Κοινής Γνώμης, μέσω εκδόσεων, virtual events ενημέρωση κ.ά. της Διεθνούς Κοινής Γνώμης, μέσω εκδόσεων, virtual Λόγω του σπουδαίου ενδιαφέροντος των τελευταίων εκδηλώσεων του Λόγω The του σπουδαίου ενδιαφέροντος των τελευταίων εκδ Economist παρουσιάζονται εδώ συνοπτικά μερικές αναφορές με την Economist υπόμνηση παρουσιάζονται εδώ συνοπτικά μερικές αναφορές ότι η διοργάνωση είναι έργο του Οργανισμού hazlis & rivas Τhe Economist ότι η διοργάνωση Events είναι έργο του Οργανισμού hazlis & rivas Τhe for Greece, Cyprus, Malta and south-east Europe, Οργανισμού με μακρά, for Greece, διεθνή, Cyprus, Malta and south-east Europe, Οργανισμού ευδόκιμη προσφορά. ευδόκιμη προσφορά. 24η Συζήτηση Στρογγυλής Τραπέζης με την Ελληνική Κυβέρνηση: “Europe: 24η Συζήτηση Στρογγυλής Τραπέζης με την Ελληνική Κυβ Reinforcing cohesion in turbulent times”. 15, 16 Σεπτεμβρίου 2020.Reinforcing Διαδικτυακή cohesion in turbulent times”. 15, 16 Σεπτεμβρίου 2 σύνδεση: www.hazliseconomist.com σύνδεση: www.hazliseconomist.com Συμμετέχοντες: Συμμετέχοντες: Joan HOEY, Διευθύντρια για την Ευρώπη, The Economist IntelligenceJoan Unit.HOEY, Διευθύντρια για την Ευρώπη, The Economist I François HOLLANDE, τ. Πρόεδρος της Γαλλίας. François HOLLANDE, τ. Πρόεδρος της Γαλλίας. Sigmar GABRIEL, πρώην Ομοσπονδιακός Υπουργός Εξωτερικών Sigmar της GABRIEL, πρώην Ομοσπονδιακός Υπουργός Γερμανίας. Γερμανίας. Χρήστος ΣΤΑΪΚΟΥΡΑΣ, Υπουργός Οικονομικών Ελλάδος. Χρήστος ΣΤΑΪΚΟΥΡΑΣ, Υπουργός Οικονομικών Ελλάδος. Klaus REGLING, Διευθύνων Σύμβουλος, ESM. Klaus REGLING, Διευθύνων Σύμβουλος, ESM. Fabio PANETTA, μέλος της Εκτελεστικής Επιτροπής, Ευρωπαϊκή Κεντρική Fabio PANETTA, μέλος της Εκτελεστικής Επιτροπής, Ευρ Τράπεζα. Τράπεζα. Παύλος ΜΥΛΩΝΑΣ, Διευθύνων Σύμβουλος, Εθνική Τράπεζα Ελλάδος.Παύλος ΜΥΛΩΝΑΣ, Διευθύνων Σύμβουλος, Εθνική Τράπεζ Θόδωρος ΣΚΥΛΑΚΑΚΗΣ, Αναπλ. Υπουργός Οικονομικών, Ελλάδος. Θόδωρος ΣΚΥΛΑΚΑΚΗΣ, Αναπλ. Υπουργός Οικονομικών, Ε Tuomas SAARENHEIMO, Πρόεδρος, Eurogroup Working Group. Tuomas SAARENHEIMO, Πρόεδρος, Eurogroup Working G Declan COSTELLO, Αναπλ. Γενικός Διευθυντής, Γ.Δ. Οικονομικών Declan και COSTELLO, Αναπλ. Γενικός Διευθυντής, Γ.Δ. Χρηματοδοτικών Υποθέσεων, Ευρωπαϊκή Επιτροπή Χρηματοδοτικών Υποθέσεων, Ευρωπαϊκή Επιτροπή Francesco DRUDI, Επί κεφαλής της Αποστολής της ΕΚΤ για την Ελλάδα. Francesco DRUDI, Επί κεφαλής της Αποστολής της ΕΚΤ γι Γιώργος ΠΑΓΟΥΛΑΤΟΣ, Γενικός Διευθυντής ΕΛΙΑΜΕΠ, Καθηγητής Γιώργος στο ΠΑΓΟΥΛΑΤΟΣ, Γενικός Διευθυντής ΕΛΙΑΜΕΠ, Οικονομικό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών. Οικονομικό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών. Paolo FIORETTI, Επί κεφαλής του ESM για την Ελλάδα. Paolo FIORETTI, Επί κεφαλής του ESM για την Ελλάδα.

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Τιμητική επιλογή από τον GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, The Economist, London, Ελληνίδας Πιανίστα Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Η Concerns κυρία Ευγενία-Μαρία ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ

επελέγη την 5η Ιουνίου 2020 και κάλυψε μουσικά διαδικτυακά παίζοντας πιάνο για 40 λεπτά από την By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Διεθνούς φήμης έκδοση THE ECONOMIST: Virtual Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Event: EUROByZONE’S QUEST C. FOR A CORONAVIRUS Student of the School of Architecture VACCINE, διάρκειας 6 ωρών.Technical University of Crete Ομιλητές ήταν: Valdis DOMBROVSKIS, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Executive President Commission, 1. Introductory approach: the conceptEuropean ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Bruxelles, Mario CENTENO,(444 Eurogroup ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established aPresident, great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatPortugal, the Bruxelles, Minister ofof the Finance, acquisition of knowledge startshe with content of“principle”: concepts.Chr. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on STAIKOURAS, this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term Minister of Finance, Greece, 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification Chr.MEGAS, CEO Bank, Joan HOEY, Reg.Dir., The 1 (and urban gentrification gentrification) indicated (in the areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal from (in various Economist Intelligence Unit, London, Colin ELLIS, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of Chief Credit Officer, London, Zeolt DARVAS, Sen. Fel. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the Bruegel, Bruxelles. whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). Την atεκδήλωση παρακολούθησαν potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found first in the UK in early 1960s and itχιλιάδες refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and refersofto ενδιαφερόμενοι από 74buy χώρες. Ο στόχος τηςitareas κυρίας the then observed trend ofiswealthy to property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents Ευγενίας - Μαρίας παραμένει, κατά δήλωσή της are σεof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. σχετική ραδιοφωνική εκπομπή, πάντοτε ο ίδιος, being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, thisανεξαρτήτως phenomenon isτων included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth δύσκολων περιστάσεων, να GLASS at the same while similar situations in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. προβάλλει, εν τω μέτρω του εφικτού, πάντοτε την cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and its more χώρα της τόσο στο Εσωτερικό όσοfor και στο Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the various Εξωτερικό και να επιχειρείthe νέα δρώμενα, με comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from σχετικά the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, following: interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: την κλασική πρωτότυπο In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof toμουσική a trend ofσε a new ofύφος, socialκαθώς groups to “return” to the city, leaving theότι purlieus for several high costs in money θεωρεί, υπάρχει ισχυρήreasons: σχετική παρακαταθήκη and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the στον τόπο μας, πρέπει να αξιοποιηθεί. termat comes from Sociologist Ruthπου GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first Το studies. In 1932 sheδιαδικτυακό published an important study entitled: επόμενο Συνέδριο του services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private car access markets, Economist έλαβε χώρα την 29/9/2020 καιetc. έχει studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and Neweasier York she came to back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and καλυφθεί μουσικά την Her κυρία ΕυγενίαUniversity informal College of London, where sheεπίσης continued her socialαπό research. public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterizedΜαρία by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Σ.

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ΠΡΟΔΙΚΑΣΤΙΚΗ GENTRIFICATION GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Definition, TypesΠΑΡΑΠΟΜΠΗ ofIntervention, Intervention, Definition, Types of Definition, Types ofintervention, Concerns of Concerns ofGentrification Gentrification Του κ.intervention, Μάριου Α. ΚΟΥΤΣΟΦΤΑ Πτυχιούχ. Νομικής ΑΠΘ, Διπλ. ΑΑΚ, Πανεπ. ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ Concerns Concerns LLM Δημοσίου Κατηγόρου, Νομική Υπηρεσία της Κυπριακής Δημοκρατίας

ByByMr. Mr.George-Sp. George-Sp.C.C.ATHANASOPOULOS ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School ofofDesign, Student, Harvard University, Graduate School Design, Student, Κατά το άρθρο 267 ΣΛΕΕ, δικαίωμα για προδικαστική παραπομπή ByByMr. Mr.George-Sp. George-Sp.C.C.ATHANASSOPOULOS ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Architect έχει ένα Δικαστήριο κάποιου κράτους μέλους. Οι αποφάσεις αυτού του Student Studentofofthe theSchool SchoolofofArchitecture Architecture Δικαστηρίου πρέπει να περιβάλλονται το κύρος της Technical νομολογιακής απόφασης ofofCrete TechnicalUniversity University Crete

και είναι δεσμευτικές. Έτσι, δικαίωμα για προδικαστική παραπομπή έχει και μια1.επιτροπή για την οποία ισχύουν ταthe ανωτέρω. approach: Defining 1.Introductory Introductory approach: Defining theconcept concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Σύμφωνα με το άρθρο 267 παρ. 1 ΣΛΕΕ, μπορούν να Athens), τεθούν ANTISTHENIS, (444 ANTISTHENIS,the theancient ancientGreek Greekphilosopher, philosopher, (444BC BC- 370 - 370BC, BC, Athens), ερωτήματα που αφορούν την ισχύ ή την ερμηνεία του δευτερογενούς ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among the amongother otherwise wiseheritage heritageheheleft leftus, us,heheestablished establisheda agreat great“principle”: “principle”: the among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great Ενωσιακού Σ’ starts αυτά περιλαμβάνεται ηofof ερμηνεία των Συνθηκών, ηthe acquisition ofΔικαίου. the definition the ofof“principle”: concepts. acquisition ofknowledge knowledge startswith with the definition thecontent content concepts. the acquisition ofofknowledge starts with the of the content ofofconcepts. acquisition knowledge starts with the of the content concepts. ισχύς ή ερμηνεία των πράξεων των οργάνων Ένωσης, των διάφορων Based, therefore, ononthis “principle” indefinition a afirst, not final, approach, the Based, therefore, this “principle” indefinition first,ifτης if not final, approach, theterm term 1 (and 1 (and Based, ononthis “principle” inis aεπιτρέπεται not final, approach, the Based,therefore, therefore, this “principle” in afirst, first,if if(in not final, approach, theterm term οργανισμών και θεσμών της Ένωσης. Δεν να τεθούν ερωτήματα urban gentrification) is indicated the area ofofPlanning) (or gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (in the area Planning) (or gentrification 1 1 (and gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in area of (or gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (inthe the area ofPlanning) Planning) (or σχετικά μεasas την ισχύ του εσωτερικού δικαίου. Ούτε ερωτήματα που αφορούν Sociology well), asasthe “refining” ofofa acity the from this, (in Sociology well), the “refining” city theremoval removal from this, (invarious various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various τη συμβατότητα του ενωσιακού με το εσωτερικό δίκαιο ή ερωτήματα ways), ways),ofofsocial socialgroups, groups,usually usuallyofoflow-income low-incomeand andthe theplacement placementthere thereofofartists, artists, ways), ofofsocial groups, usually ofΈτσι, and the placement there ways), social groups, usually oflow-income low-income andμε the placement there ofartists, artists, the operation ofofart galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless ofof συνταγματικής συμβατότητας. σύμφωνα τα ανωτέρω, ο of εθνικός the operation art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless ofof the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other has, also rising ofofαν land prices (and the whateverπρέπει otherconsequences consequences has,results results also rising land prices (and the δικαστής να θέσει το ερώτημα γενικά, όπως π.χ ένα τέτοιο μέτρο whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and potential relative potential relativespeculation). speculation). που αντιστοιχεί στον τάδε νόμο θα ήταν γενικά συμβατό με το ενωσιακόthe potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). The gentrification isisfound atatfirst and it itrefers Theterm term gentrification found firstin inthe theUK UKininearly early1960s 1960s and referstoto δίκαιο. Αν ένα κράτος μέλος, μονομερώς στην προσπάθεια του να ερμηνεύσει The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas ofto the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas ofto το ενωσιακό δίκαιο, το ερμηνεύσει ευρύτερα απ’ ότι του αναλογεί , τότεrefers και the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are πάλι το Δικαστήριο θα αποφασίσει σχετικά, αφού το ενδιαφέρον του για of London, upgrade them, stay sometimes there are London, upgrade them, staythemselves themselves sometimes thereand andthus thusold oldresidents residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. ενιαία ερμηνεία του Ενωσιακού Δικαίου παραμένει. Αν το ερώτημα being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. AAdescription ofofthis phenomenon isisincluded ininthe work Ruth description this phenomenon included the workofofSociologist Sociologist Ruth διατυπωθεί λάθος, τότε το Δικαστήριο θα μεταβάλει το ερώτημα AAdescription ofof this isissituations included the work Ruth description thisphenomenon phenomenon includedinwere inwere therecorded workofofSociologist Sociologist Ruth GLASS atatthe period, while in GLASS thesame same period, whilesimilar similar situations recorded inother othermajor major αυτεπάγγελτα. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities Western countries, citiesinin Western countries, byother other Researchers. Κατ’ αρθρο 267 by παρ. 2 Researchers. ΣΛΕΕ, πρέπει η τεθείσα ερώτηση του cities inin Western countries, byby other cities Western countries, otherResearchers. Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied scholars and Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andfor forits itsmore more ερωτώντος δικαστηρίου, κατά την άποψηseveral του ίδιου Δικαστηρίου, να είναι Since issue preoccupied several scholars and for its Sincethen, then,the the issuehas has preoccupied severalbelow, scholars and for itsmore more comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various αποφασιστικής σημασίας. Το Δικαστήριο εξετάζει below, αυτή την προϋπόθεση comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations the ofofgentrification, the interpretations of thephenomenon phenomenon gentrification, thefollowing: following: κοιτάζοντας ανofof είναι υποθετικής φύσεως ερωτήματα (π.χ προσπάθεια interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations of theμόνο phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category social groups In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category social groups επίτευξης μιας γνωμοδότησης). Εξετάζει, περαιτέρω, αν μεταξύofof της εξέτασης to “return” the purlieus for high to “return” tothe thecity, city,leaving leaving the purlieus forseveral severalreasons: reasons: highcosts costs inmoney money ισχύος τουto Ενωσιακού Δικαίου και της συγκεκριμένης απόφασης δενin υπάρχει and time tototravel from the purlieus totodowntown, where work place is,is,lack ofofthe and time travel from the purlieus downtown, where work place lack the καμία σύνδεση, καθιστώντας τοRuth ερώτημα άνευ σημασίας και was καθαρά 1.of The term from Sociologist GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS born inin 1. term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born sense safety atcomes the residencies outside town search for better sense ofThe safety atcomes thedistributed distributed residencies outside towncentres, centres, search for better θεωρητικού ενδιαφέροντος. Έτσι,InIn1932 τα εθνικά Δικαστήρια πρέπει να Berlin, where she made her first studies. she published anan important study entitled: Berlin, where she made her first studies. 1932 she published important study entitled: services of entertainment “at heart of the (possibly) services ofhealth, health,education, education, entertainment “atthe the heart of thecity”, city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany after continuous movements Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements διατυπώνουν τους λόγους για τους οποίους το and ερώτημα είναι σημαντικό. Ηforfor lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research inin Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back toto London, where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back London, where διαδικασία καθίσταται άνευ αντικειμένου αν In ηIn1950 διαδικασία ενώπιον του inin 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. she teacher in the 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. she teacher in the According totoanother approach, the phenomenon is1950 tobecame a asystematic and According another approach, the phenomenon isdue due tobecame systematic and εθνικού Δικαστηρίου έχει πλέον περατωθεί. University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and long-term long-terminformal informaleffort effortbybyorganized organizedgroups, groups,manufacturers, manufacturers,brokers brokersofofbuying buying her work are characterized by a passion forfor justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. her work are characterized by a passion justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Εξετάζοντας το άρθρο 267 παρ.2 ΣΛΕΕ, διαπιστώνει κανείς ότι τα and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially ofofpart the urban web, inin and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially partof of the urban web, 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ......................... εθνικά Δικαστήρια έχουν δικαίωμα για υποβολή ερωτήματος. Αντιθέτως το G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: ininorder toAbstract. the (actually avariety varietyofofways, ways, order toachieve achieve the“assisted”, “assisted”,“voluntary”, “voluntary”, (actually άρθρο 267 παρ. 3 ΣΛΕΕ, ιδρύει μια υποχρέωση για τα εθνικά Δικαστήρια, οι Βλέπετε το υπόλοιπο του κειμένου στην ηλεκτρονική διεύθυνση της ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α., 151 211111 124 2521 25 τ. 87/2017.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Δρος Βασιλικής Π. Definition, Types ofΜΕΛΕΤΗ intervention, Concerns of Gentrification ΈμφυλαConcerns Πρόσωπα σε Κρίση:

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By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Της C. Δρος Βασ. ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Μ. Επίκ. Καθηγήτριας Παντείου Π.Κ.Π.Ε. Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete Ο πολυετής αγώνας για κάθε σημαντική γυναικεία κατάκτηση βρήκε στην πορεία του χρόνου σθεναρή αντίσταση ανδρικό φύλο. Αρκετοί ήταν εκείνοι 1. Introductory approach: Definingαπό the το concept 1.επωνύμως Introductory Defining the concept πουANTISTHENIS, και approach: δημοσίως δεν δίστασαν να χλευάσουν διεκδίκηση ενός the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCτη - 370 BC, Athens), δικαιώματος που σήμερα φαίνεται αυτονόητο. Η ελληνική κοινωνία ειδικότερα δεν ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the αποδέχθηκε τη γυναίκα ως κοινωνικά και πολιτικά ενήλικο άτομο, παρά μετά τα μέσα among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the του 20ού αιώνα. Σήμερα, ηstarts γυναικεία υποψηφιότητα και συμμετοχή σε ανώτατα acquisition of knowledge with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term αξιώματα της δημόσιας ζωής ή θέσεις ευθύνης σε εθνικούς και ευρωπαϊκούς θεσμούς 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification δεν προκαλεί βεβαίως μειδιάματα. Συχνά δε αποτελεί θεσμική απαίτηση με τη μορφή 1 (and urban gentrification gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various ποσοστώσεων και παρακολουθείται, ρητά ή άρρητα, ως δείκτης προόδου του Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually low-income and the placement there of artists, πολιτικού μας πολιτισμού και τηςof ποιότητας της δημοκρατίας. ways), social groups, usually of and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of Τοofκρινόμενο σύγγραμμα τηςlow-income Βασιλικής Π. ΜΕΛΕΤΗ (Δρος Κοινωνικής the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has, results also rising land prices (and theof Πολιτικής other του Παντείου Πανεπιστημίου Κοινωνικών και of Πολιτικών Επιστημών), whatever otherspeculation). consequences also rising land prices (and the potential relative εξετάζει ενδελεχώς το διαχρονικό,has, όσοresults και επίκαιρο αυτόofζήτημα της ισότητας, potential relative speculation). επιχειρώντας μια ενδελεχή ανασκόπηση τουin διαρκώς αυτού The term gentrification is found at first the UKεπαναπροσδιοριζόμενου in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto πεδίου εντός και εκτός Ελλάδας. the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy peopleκαι to there buy property in poor areas Μεupgrade αφετηρία μια ιστορική αναδρομή κάνοντας χρήση συγκριτικού London, them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof εργαλείου, η Συγγραφέας προχωράει στην sometimes αξιολόγησηthere των υφιστάμενων συνθηκών, London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. την παρουσίαση ευρωπαϊκών πολιτικών και την αναζήτηση βέλτιστων πρακτικών being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth για A τηνdescription ελληνική πραγματικότητα. Μάλιστα, ως πλαίσιο της μελέτης τίθεται η ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major εμπειρία της παγκόσμιας οικονομικής κρίσης,situations με άξονα τις διακινδυνεύσεις που αυτή GLASS at the same period, while similar were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. έθεσε για τα γυναικεία δικαιώματα. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Ειδικότερα, στο πρώτο κεφάλαιο του συγγράμματος επιχειρείται μια Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe forιστορική its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from various αναδρομή στη θέση approach της Γυναίκας στην ελληνική κοινωνία, below, από τη μινωική εποχή έως comprehensive are being summarized from the various interpretations of παράλληλα the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: και σήμερα, ενώ αναπτύσσεται και το ζήτημα της διεκδίκησης των interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups πολιτικών δικαιωμάτων των Ελληνίδων. to “return” to the city,είναι leaving the purlieus forελληνικό several reasons: highαπό costsτον in money Ενδιαφέρουσα η αναφορά σε ένα παράδειγμα νομικό and time travel from theμετά purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lackηof the κόσμο. Τοto 1929, έναν χρόνο την ίδρυση του Συμβουλίου της Επικρατείας, Αγνή 1.of The termat comes fromαίτηση Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for ΡΟΥΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ άσκησε ακυρώσεως ενώπιόν του επειδή η Εξεταστική Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Επιτροπή είχεeducation, απορρίψειentertainment τη συμμετοχή“atτης διαγωνισμό για services ofτου health, theστον heartπρώτο of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for πρόσληψη δικαστών, με το σκεπτικό ότι είναι Γυναίκα. Την Ρουσοπούλου, πτυχιούχο lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where της Νομικής μεtoμεταπτυχιακές σπουδές στη Λειψία In και1950 Ρότσεστερ, ανέλαβε να in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. sheto became teacher in the another approach, the phenomenon isτοdue a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. Her Χρειάστηκε public and εκπροσωπήσει ο κορυφαίος συνταγματολόγος Αλέξανδρος ΣΒΩΛΟΣ. να long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. περάσουν τρεις δεκαετίες μέχρι να depreciation διοριστεί το See 1958 η Πηνελόπη ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: πρώτη γυναίκα Δικαστής στο ΣτΕ και εξήντα χρόνια ακόμη, το 2018, μέχρι την πρώτη G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Πρόεδρο του Δικαστηρίου, Κατερίνα Σακελλαροπούλου, σημερινής Προέδρου της 125 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Δημοκρατίας. Γεγονός είναι, ότι η διαχείριση των γυναικών σε όλες τις εκφάνσεις της δημόσιας και ιδιωτικής ζωής παραμένει στη χώρα μας άνιση. Παρά τις μεγάλες αλλαγές της δεκαετίας του 1980 στο οικογενειακό, εργατικό και κοινωνικοασφαλιστικό Δίκαιο για την εξίσωση των δικαιωμάτων Ανδρών και Γυναικών, στην πράξη οι ανισότητες διατηρούνται. Η απάλειψη καταστάσεων ανισότητας που οφείλονται σε κοινωνικά στερεότυπα και προκαταλήψεις δεν μπορεί να επιτευχθεί μόνο με την απαρέγκλιτη της αρχής της ισότητας. Η άρση Byεφαρμογή Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS των πραγματικών ανισοτήτων προϋποθέτει τη λήψη θετικών μέτρων. Υπό τοStudent, πρίσμα Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, αυτό, στο δεύτερο κεφάλαιο του βιβλίου παρατίθονται καλές πρακτικές για την By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect προώθηση της ισότητας στην οικονομική ζωή και στην αγορά εργασίας μέσα από Student of the School of Architecture συγκεκριμένα παραδείγματα από επιλεγμένες χώρες. Technical University of Crete Προς την κατεύθυνση αυτή, πρωτοπόρες στη μείωση των διακρίσεων μεταξύ ανδρών και γυναικών υπήρξαν Defining οι σκανδιναβικές χώρες. Αυτό δεν επιτεύχθηκε μόνο 1. Introductory approach: the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept χάρη σε θεσμικές παρεμβάσεις που διασφάλιζαν ίσα δικαιώματα, αλλά πρωτίστως ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), μέσωANTISTHENIS, της ανάπτυξης τουthe κράτους πρόνοιας. ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the Το τρίτο κεφάλαιο πραγματεύεται συνακόλουθα το ζήτημα της ενσωμάτωσης among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the των στόχων της ευρωπαϊκής στρατηγικής για την ισότητα των φύλων στις εθνικές acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based,πολιτικές therefore, on this “principle” a first, ifκυκλοφορίας not final, approach, the term δημόσιες απασχόλησης. Το 2020, έτος του βιβλίου της 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification Βασιλικής Π. ΜΕΛΕΤΗ, γιορτάστηκε για πρώτη φορά σε διεθνές επίπεδο η Παγκόσμια 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Ημέρα για την Ισότητα των Αμοιβών μεταξύ Γυναικών και Ανδρών. Εν τούτοις, αξίζει Sociology as well), as the “refining” ofαπό a city area, the from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and theremoval placement there artists, να θυμηθούμε, ότι έχει περάσει πάνω μισός αιώνας από τότε που η of αρχή της ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, of ισότητας των αμοιβών ενσωματώθηκε σε διεθνή σύμβαση του Διεθνούςregardless Οργανισμού the operation ofτο artαίτημα galleries, restaurants, However “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also risingthis ofδιαρκώς land prices (and the Εργασίας (ILO), «ίση αμοιβή γιαetc. ίση εργασία» επιστρέφει. Οιof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land (and αν the potential relative speculation). εκτιμήσεις του Παγκόσμιου Οικονομικού Φόρουμ, σύμφωνα με prices τις οποίες, potential relative speculation). συνεχίσουμε με αυτό τον ρυθμό, θα at απαιτηθούν παγκόσμια κλίμακα The term gentrification is found first in the257 UKχρόνια in earlyσε1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found at firstαφορά in the UKεπαγγελματικές in early 1960s and itareas refers για να εξισωθούν Γυναίκες Ανδρες όσον τις ευκαιρίες και the then observed trend και ofiswealthy people to buy property in poor ofto theαποδοχές then observed trend wealthy people toμακρύ buy property in έχουμε poor areas τις τους,them, καταδεικνύουν τον εξαιρετικά δρόμο που ακόμη London, upgrade stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof μπροστά μας για “squeezed”. τηνthem, ισότητα δύο φύλων. London, upgrade stayτων themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly Όπως καταγράφεται και αναδεικνύεται στοinσύγγραμμα, πραγματικότητα being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included the work ofη Sociologist Ruth είναι αμείλικτη: οι Γυναίκες συνήθως έχουν χαμηλότερες αποδοχές, μικρότερη A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recordedSociologist in other major συμμετοχή στην αγορά εργασίας, μεγαλύτερο κίνδυνο φτώχειας καιin κοινωνικού GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. αποκλεισμού, υποεκπροσώπηση σε θέσεις ευθύνης, ενώ επωμίζονται δυσανάλογα το cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and forφροντίδας. its more βάρος της «αόρατης εργασίας» που σχετίζεται με several την παροχή της οικιακής Since then, the issue has preoccupied scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from Στη δύσκολη περίοδο που διανύουμε, τοsummarized χάσμα των φύλων γίνεται ακόμη πιο comprehensive approach are being below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, following: αισθητό, αν αναλογιστούμε, ότι οι Γυναίκες εργάζονταιthe σε κλάδους στους οποίους οι interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of επιπτώσεις a new of social groups αμοιβές είναι χαμηλότερες και έχουν πληγεί από τις της πανδημίας. Είναι to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money η ώρα να καθιερώσουμε καλύτερους κανόνες για τη διασφάλιση της πρόσβασης των and time toσεtravel from the purlieus downtown, where work place lack ofτου the γυναικών αναπτυσσόμενους καιtoκαλά αμειβόμενους τομείς, τη is,μείωση 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS for wasbetter born sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, search μισθολογικού χάσματος στον δημόσιο και τον ιδιωτικό τομέα, την καταπολέμηση τωνin Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: στερεοτύπων, που γεννούν ανισότητες και διακρίσεις τη διαμόρφωση συνθηκών services of health, education, entertainment “at theκαι heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for για την καλύτερη ισορροπία μεταξύ επαγγελματικής και προσωπικής ζωής. lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, Παράλληλα, ζητούμενο παραμένει σήμερα η Inσύζευξη και in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. 1950 sheεπαγγελματικής teacher in the to another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and University informal College of Ανδρών London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and οικογενειακής ζωής και Γυναικών, η εξισορρόπηση της συμμετοχής δυο long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofτων buying her workστα are characterized by a passion for justice. η See αντιμετώπιση also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. φύλων κέντρα λήψης αποφάσεων, της σεξουαλικής and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: παρενόχλησης και η ενεργητική προστασία της μητρότητας. Η αναγνώριση των G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually σημαντικών πραγματικών ανισοτήτων καθιστά κρίσιμη, παράλληλα με τις νομικές 126 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

ρυθμίσεις, τη στρατηγική ενσωμάτωσης του αιτήματος για ισότητα μεταξύ ανδρών και γυναικών σε όλες τις δημόσιες πολιτικές (mainstreaming). Το τέταρτο κεφάλαιο του έργου, αφιερωμένο τις πολιτικές για την ισότητα των φύλων στα κέντρα λήψης πολιτικών αποφάσεων στην Ελλάδα, εστιάζει, μεταξύ άλλων, στο νομοθετικό πλαίσιο για την ισόρροπη συμμετοχή γυναικών και ανδρών. Η ελληνική κοινωνία δεν έχει ακόμα εξοικειωθεί με την εικόνα μιας Γυναίκας σε ανώτατα αξιώματα και θέσεις υψηλής ευθύνης. Αξίζει στο σημείο αυτό να αναφερθεί, ότι η εκλογή μίας Γυναίκας, ως Προέδρου της Ελληνικής Δημοκρατίας,By έγινε με μεγάλα ποσοστά κοινωνικής Mr. δεκτή George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS αποδοχής, όμως δεν έλειψαν οι σεξιστικές επιφυλάξεις. Στην υπόλοιπη Ευρώπη Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, τέτοιες αντιλήψεις έχουν ξεπεραστεί προ πολλού. Στην Ελλάδα, δυστυχώς αργόσυρτα By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect θεωρούνται τα όποια βήματα της εξοικείωσης με Student την επιλογή Γυναικών στα ανώτατα of the School of Architecture αξιώματα. Technical University of Crete Ακολούθως, εξετάζονται εύλογα οι πολιτικές που υιοθετούνται σε εθνικό και ευρωπαϊκό επίπεδο approach: για την άρση των έμφυλων ανισοτήτων και ιδίως στοιχεία του 1. Introductory Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept νομοθετικού και θεσμικού πλαισίου, τα οποία αφορούν, τόσοBC το-οριζόντιο εργαλείο ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 370 BC, Athens), της ANTISTHENIS, ενσωμάτωσης τηςthe διάστασης της ισότητας σε όλες τιςBC κεντρικές πολιτικές ancient Greek philosopher, (444 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the (gender mainstreaming), όσο και τις πολιτικές θετικών δράσεων υπέρ των Γυναικών. among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Στη λογική αυτή, το πέμπτο starts κεφάλαιο έργου παρουσιάζει πρωτοβουλίες, οδηγίες acquisition of knowledge withτου thein definition the content of concepts. therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, theπεδία term καιBased, νομοθετικές ρυθμίσεις σε ευρωπαϊκό και παγκόσμιο επίπεδο. Ως ενδεικτικά 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification άσκησης πολιτικών στις χώρες εντός και εκτός Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, 1 (andισότητας gentrification urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various αναφέρονται η απασχόληση και η επαγγελματική κατάρτιση, η εκπαίδευση, οι δομές Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, of low-income and the placement there of artists, κοινωνικής πρόνοιας, η usually μη άσκηση βίας κατά των Γυναικών, η αντιμετώπιση της ways), of σωματεμπορίας social groups, usually of low-income and the placement artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.ζητήματα However this “change”, regardless of διεθνικής (trafficking), τα που αφορούνthere την of έμφυλη the operation ofconsequences art galleries, etc.also However “change”, regardless whatever other rising of land prices (and theof ιδιότητα του πολίτη -εν όψει restaurants, καιhas, τωνresults σύγχρονων ροώνthis μετανάστευσης και των whatever other consequences has, results also οι rising of land prices (andγια the potential relative speculation). θεμάτων που άπτονται της πολυπολιτισμικότητας-, αντισεξιστικές πολιτικές potential relative speculation). τηνThe προβολή στερεοτύπων. term έμφυλων gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found first inφάνηκε the UKναin early 1960s and itareas refersofto Η κατανομή ρόλων των at φύλων επιστρέφει περασμένες the then observed trendμεταξύ ofiswealthy people to buy property in σε poor the then observed trend peopleαπό to there buy in poor areas δεκαετίες, αποδεικνύοντας, ότιwealthy η μετάβαση την property κατ’thus επίφαση προς την London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and old residents areof ουσιαστική ισότητα προϋποθέτει μια στρατηγική ενσωμάτωσης τουold αιτήματος London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus residentsγια are being indirectly “squeezed”. πραγματική άρση των ανισοτήτων σε όλες τις δημόσιες πολιτικές.Αυτό το κοινωνικό being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth και οικονομικό πλαίσιο αναλύεται έκτο κεφάλαιοin του και ηmajor θέση A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included theβιβλίου, work ofκαθώς Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same whileστο similar were recorded in other της σύγχρονης γυναίκας σε αυτό. Η similar μελέτη situations του ρίσκουwere τωνrecorded κρίσεων, in όπως γίνεται GLASS at the same period, while other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. αντιληπτό, καθίσταται επιτακτική, δεδομένου, ότι η πανδημία έχει επιδράσει με cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more διαφορετικό τρόπο στα δικαιώματα των Γυναικών, επιφέροντας δυσανάλογη Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from επιβάρυνσή τους και λειτουργώντας ως μεγεθυντικός φακός για τις ανισότητες, comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the gentrification, ιδιαίτερα σε σχέση μεphenomenon τα εργασιακάofδικαιώματα καιthe τονfollowing: ρόλο της γυναίκας στη interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: social groups In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueτου togentrification, a υποχρεωτικού trend of a new σύγχρονη οικογένεια. Την περίοδο οικιακού of εγκλεισμού τα to “return” to the city,οιleaving the purlieus forπρακτικές several reasons: high in money έμφυλα στερεότυπα, προκαταλήψεις και οι έμφυλης βίαςcosts διογκώθηκαν and time to travel from theτο purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the και αποκαλύφθηκαν σε όλο εύρος τους. The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth παρατίθενται GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born sense1.of safety the residencies outside town centres, for Στο έβδομο καιdistributed τελευταίο κεφάλαιο στρατηγικές βελτίωσης τηςin Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: θέσης των σε οικονομικό και πολιτικό μέσα services of Γυναικών health, education, entertainment “at επίπεδο. the heartΌπως of theδιαφαίνεται city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for από τις 424 σελίδες του έργου της Συγγραφέως, τις τελευταίες δεκαετίες, οι lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where Ελληνίδες έχουν με μικρότερη ή phenomenon μεγαλύτερη να με in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. Inεπιτυχία, 1950 sheto became teacher in the toεπιδιώξει, another approach, the is due aαναμετρηθούν systematic and University College of London, where social ζωή. research. Her public and άρρενες συνυποψηφίους για she μια continued θέση στη her δημόσια Κάποιες επιτυγχάνουν long-term informal effortτους by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her στόχο work are characterized by a passion for justice. also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. τον τους, κάποιες όχι, λυγίζοντας υπό See τοinitially βάρος των ευθυνών, and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation of partπολλαπλών of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: χωρίς ουσιαστική υποστήριξη και συνθήκες συμφιλίωσης επαγγελματικής και G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually προσωπικής ζωής. Κάποιες για να επιβιώσουν υιοθετούν “ανδρικά” πρότυπα, που δεν 127 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification ανανεώνουν επί της ουσίας τον πολιτικό λόγο, αλλά και δεν προωθούν το γυναικείο Concerns αίτημα. Όλες όμως αργά ή γρήγορα θα συναντήσουν “γυάλινες οροφές”, που

καθιστούν σχεδόν ανέφικτη την ισότιμη πρόσβαση σε όλες τις βαθμίδες της ιεραρχίας, στη διοίκηση, στην οικονομία,Byστους θεσμούς, στην των Πολιτών. Mr. George-Sp. C.κοινωνία ATHANASOPOULOS Διερωτάται, λοιπόν, κανείς εάν υπάρχει τρόπος να διαρραγεί αυτό το αόρατο εμπόδιο. Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Υπάρχει τρόπος να “μάθει” μια Γυναίκα να διεκδικεί αποτελεσματικά στο σύγχρονο By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect πολιτικό τοπίο; Η απάντηση είναι “ναι”, και Student αυτό επιτυγχάνεται γνώση, με of the Schoolμε of Architecture δικτύωση και με τις κατάλληλες προσωπικές δεξιότητεςTechnical επικοινωνίας και άσκησης University of Crete ηγεσίας. Όπως είναι γνωστό, το θέμα της ισότητας είναι ζήτημα κοινωνικό, οικονομικό, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept αναπτυξιακό, αλλά κυρίως πολιτικό. Γιατί η πολιτική είναι η σύνθεση κοινωνικής, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370της BC, Athens), οικονομικής και αναπτυξιακής πραγματικότητας, την (444 οποία πραγματικότητα η ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the πολιτική επιχειρεί να επηρεάσει. Επισημαίνουμε, ότι τα Πολιτικά Κόμματα οφείλουν among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startsκέντρα with of the content concepts.τους. να προωθούνofτιςknowledge γυναίκες στα λήψης των αποφάσεων στο εσωτερικό acquisition starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term Το θέμα είναι1 αν υπάρχει η κρίσιμη μάζα των Γυναικών να αλλάξει τα δεδομένα. Based, therefore, on this “principle” is in a first, if (in not final, approach, the term urban gentrification) of Planning) (or gentrification Χρειάζεται αυτή(and η κρίσιμη μάζα, που δίνει τηindicated δυνατότητα the στιςarea γυναίκες να παίξουν 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various διαπραγματευτικό ρόλο με βάση τα διαφορετικά τους βιώματα και τις διαφορετικές Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, τους ανάγκες. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andότι thethis there of artists, the operation of art galleries, etc. However “change”, regardless of Ανακεφαλαιώνοντας, ηrestaurants, Συγγραφέας εκτιμά, ηplacement ισότιμη συμμετοχή των the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has, results also rising of landείναι prices theof Γυναικών other στα κοινωνικά, οικονομικά και πολιτικά δρώμενα η (and ειρηνική whatever other consequences results rising of land prices (and the απάντηση στον πόλεμο και συνιστάhas, αντίβαρο στιςalso μονοδιάστατες και ορθολογιστικές potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). ανδρικές προσεγγίσεις. Οι Πολιτικοί, αλλά η Κοινωνία στο 1960s σύνολόand τηςitοφείλουν The term gentrification is found at firstκαι in the UK in early refers to The term gentrification iswealthy found atτις first in the UK early 1960s and itareas refers να προστατεύουν και να of στηρίζουν Γυναίκες καιin τα Κορίτσια. Στήριξη της the then observed trend people to buy property in poor ofto the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy in poor areas Γυναίκας σημαίνει διασφάλιση των δικαιωμάτων της property για thus ίσες old ευκαιρίες στην London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and residents areof εκπαίδευση και την εργασία, διττού της ρόλου ως εργαζόμενης London, upgrade them, stayπροστασία themselvesτου sometimes there and thus old residentsκαι are being indirectly “squeezed”. μητέρας, στήριξη του δικαιώματος στην επιλογή και τη γνώση, άρνηση της εξάρτησης being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth και της υποτέλειας. A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Είναι σαφές, ότιperiod, σε μια while εποχή,similar που πολλοί αρέσκονται να υπογραμμίζουν τα GLASS at the same situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. στοιχεία, που υποτίθεται, ότι διαφοροποιούν τους Ανθρώπους, ας αντισταθούμε στη cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then,αυτή the issue has several scholars and for its more συγκρουσιακή λογική, προωθώντας και αξιοποιώντας τα στοιχεία εκείνα, που Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from various ενώνουν προς όφελος της Παγκόσμιας Κοινότητας, μέσω ενός ανοιχτού, ουσιαστικού comprehensivethe approach are being summarized from the various interpretations phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: διαλόγου, που ofβασίζεται στο σεβασμό των αξιών κάθε πολιτισμού, της interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof to a trend of a new of social groups διαφορετικότητας και των ανθρωπίνων δικαιωμάτων. to “return” to the ηcity, leaving purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Συνοπτικά, σοβαρή καιthe συστηματική μελέτη των έμφυλων ανισοτήτων και η and time toεφαρμόσιμων travel from the purlieus to downtown, work is, της lackκυρίας of the αναζήτηση πρακτικών που επιχειρεί where επιτυχώς στοplace βιβλίο 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS wasbetter born sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Βασιλικής Π. ΜΕΛΕΤΗ, συμβάλλουν στη δύσκολη μετάβαση απόsearch τη θεωρία τηςin Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: ισότηταςofστην εφαρμογή της entertainment στην πράξη. Ο “at αναστοχασμός στη (possibly) διάσταση services health, education, the heart of πάνω the city”, Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for μεταξύ αφ ενός συνταγματικού και νομοθετικού πλαισίου και αφ ετέρου lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, πραγματικότητας, η studies συγκριτική ανάλυση με το in According 1943 she published regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher στις in the to another approach, the isβλέμμα due aστραμμένο systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public and ιδιαιτερότητες κάθε έννομης τάξης, η μελέτη της ιστορίας ωςbrokers υπενθύμιση της long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work areπορείας characterized by a passion for justice.αναζήτηση See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. εξελικτικής και, κυρίως, επίμονη πρακτικών and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCoηdepreciation initially ofεφαρμόσιμων part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: αποτελούν παραδείγματα του τρόπου, με τον οποίο η επιστημονική μελέτη μπορεί να G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually συμβάλει στη διαμόρφωση της πραγματικότητας των δικαιωμάτων. 128 2521 11

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129 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types ofIntervention, Intervention, GENTRIFICATION KENTPO EPEYNA™ Definition, Types of Definition, Types ofintervention, intervention, ConcernsTypes ofGentrification Gentrification ¶EPIºEPEIAKH™ ANA¶TY•H™ Definition, of Concerns of «IÂÚÒÓ˘ÌÔ˜ ¢. ¶INTO™ Concerns Concerns Î·È AÓ·ÛÙ·Û›· IÂÚ. ¶INTOY»

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate Aνάπτυ�ης, School of Design, Student, Mε σκ�π� την πρ�ώθησηHarvard της Iδέας της Περι�ερειακής (Oικ�ν�µικής, University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect K�ινωνικής και Π�λιτιστικής), έ�ει συσταθεί σήµερα στην Aθήνα απ� Oµάδα KαθηγηBy Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture τών Πανεπιστηµίων και Eιδικών Eπιστηµ�νων τ� Kέντρ� Έρευνας Περι�ερειακής AνάStudent of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete Technical University of Crete πτυ�ης «Iερώνυµ�ς ∆. ΠINTOΣ και Aναστασία Iερων. ΠINTOY» (αστ. µη κερδ�σκ. εταιρ.), ως �υσιαστικ�ς διάδ��ς, (κατ’ επιθυµία της αειµνήστ�υ Aναστασίας Iερων. Introductoryapproach: approach:Defining Definingthe theconcept concept 1.1.1. Introductory Introductory approach: Defining the concept ΠINTOY), τ�υ Kέντρ�υ Έρευνας Περι�ερειακής Aνάπτυ�ης Iερών. ∆. ΠINTOΣ, συANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444BC BC--370 370 BC,Athens), Athens), 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC, σταθέντ�ς εν Aθήναις τηνthe 28ηancient Aυγ�ύστ�υ ANTISTHENIS, Greek philosopher, (444 BC--“principle”: 370BC, BC,Athens), Athens), among other wiseheritage heritage heleft left us,1986. he established great the ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 among other wise he us, he established aagreat “principle”: the O εκ των Πρωτ�π�ρων της Iδέας της Περι�ερειακής Aνάπτυ�ης Kαθηγητής Πανεamong other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition ofof knowledge starts with ofof the content concepts. πιστηµίων Iερώνυµ�ς ∆. ΠINTOΣ απε�ίωσε την 5/8/1981, η δε διακριθείσα διά τ� π�λυacquisition knowledge starts with the definition the content of concepts. Based,therefore, therefore, onthis this “principle” first,ififof not final, approach, theterm term acquisition of knowledge starts with theinin definition the content of concepts. Based, on “principle” aafirst, not final, approach, the 1 (and σ�ιδές κ�ινωνικ�, �ιλανθρωπικ� και π�λιτιστικ� έργ� της Σύ�υγ�ς τ�υ Aναστασία απεBased, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 �ίωσε την 14/4/2009. gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or 1 Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology asτων well), asas the “refining” ofσυγκαταλέγ�νται a city thethe removal (in various Sociology as well), the “refining” of a city area, removal from this, (in various Mετα�ύ σκ�πών τ�υ Kέντρ�υ και �ι ε�ής, εντ�ς πνεύµατ�ς ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), ofof social groups, usually ofof low-income and thethe placement ways), social groups, usually low-income and placement there ofartists, artists, πάντ�τε παραγωγής έργ�υ επ’ αγαθώ της Eπιστήµης καιthe τηςthis K�ινωνίας: the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and placement there of thethe operation ofof artart galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of operation galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of H συµ��λή στην πρ�αγωγή της Eπιστήµης και της Iδέας της Περι�ερειακής Aνάπτυwhatever other consequences has,results results also rising of“change”, landprices prices (andthe the the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this regardless of whatever other has, rising of land (and whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the �ης εν γένει, δι’ �ί�υ δήπ�τε ν�µίµ�υ τρ�π�υ, της Περι�ερειακής Aνάπτυ�ης ν��υµένης potential relative speculation). has, results also rising of land prices (and the whatever otherspeculation). consequences potential relative potential relative speculation). ωςpotential Oικ�ν�µικής, K�ινωνικής, Π�λιτιστικής. The term gentrification foundatatfirst firstininthe theUK UKininearly early1960s 1960sand andititrefers refersto to relative speculation). The term gentrification isisfound The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of HThe µελέτη σ�έσεων Περι�ερειακής Aνάπτυ�ης και συνα�ών ∆ράσεων και Π�λιτικών. term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofisof wealthy toto buy property inin poor the then observed trend wealthy people buy property poor areas of London, upgrade them, stayεν themselves sometimes there andthus thus oldpoor residents are H συµ��λή των them, Iδιωτικών γένει Eπενδύσεων στην υπ�στήρι�η στρατηγικών, π�λιthe then observed trend of wealthy people to there buy property in areas of London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes and old residents are London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. τικών και µέτρων «παραγωγής» Περι�ερειακής Aνάπτυ�ης. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. description ofthis thisηphenomenon phenomenon included thework work ofSociologist Sociologist Ruth H Mελετών, διενέργεια Eρευνών, η �ργάνωση Συνεδρίων, Hµερίδων, Σεbeing indirectly “squeezed”. AAεκπ�νηση description of isisis included ininin the of Ruth A description of this phenomenon included the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major µιναρίων, ∆ιαλέ�εων επί θεµάτων Περι�ερειακής Aνάπτυ�ης. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at at thethe same period, while similar situations were recorded in in other major GLASS same period, while similar situations were recorded other major cities inWestern Western countries, bywhile other Researchers. GLASS at the same period, similar situations were recorded in other major H έκδ�ση Mελετών, Eρευνών, Περι�δικών, Eντύπων εν γένει, η παραγωγή σ�ετικ�ύ cities in countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issuehas has preoccupied severalscholars scholarsand andfor forits itsmore more cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. ραδι��ωνικ�ύ καιthe τηλε�πτικ�ύ υλικ�ύ. Since then, issue preoccupied several Since then, the issuehas has preoccupied severalscholars scholars andthe forits itsmore more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from various Since then, the issue preoccupied several and for H ��ρήγηση υπ�τρ��ιών, η �ρά�ευση εργασιών Tρίτων below, και η έκδ�σή τ�υς. comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon ofgentrification, gentrification, thebelow, following: comprehensive approach being summarized from theπαρεµ�εvarious H συνεργασίαof µεthe �ί�ν δήπ�τε,are ανε�αρτήτως ν�µικής µ�ρ�ής, επιδιώκ�ντα interpretations phenomenon of the following: interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups interpretations theεκτ�ς phenomenon thecategory following: ρείς σκ�π�ύς, και Eλλάδ�ς. In a sense,εντ�ς theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money H συνεργασία ∆ιεθνή M�ρ�ώµατα, (ενδεικτικώς) to “return” to the µε city, leaving the purlieus�πως for several reasons:Eυρωπαϊκή high costs inΈνωση, money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack ofthe the Oργανισµ�ς Συνεργασίας και Aνάπτυ�ηςwhere κ.ά. work place is, lack of and time to Oικ�ν�µικής travel from the purlieus to downtown, 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in sense of safety at thedistributed distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruthπρ�ς GLASS was born in sense of safety residencies outside town centres, search for better H1.παρ��ή επί θεµάτων Περι�ερειακής Aνάπτυ�ης �ί�ν δήπ�τε Berlin, whereυπηρεσιών shethe made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services ofhealth, health, education, entertainment “atpublished the heart thecity”, city”, (possibly) Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she anof important study entitled: Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and afterof continuous movements for services of education, entertainment “at the heart the (possibly) του Eνδια�ερ�µεν�, �άσει ειδικών συµ�ωνιών, µερίµνει τ�υ ∆ι�ικητικ�ύ Συµ��υλί�υ της εYouth living Unemployment. The same yearfrom she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower cost of, “withdrawal” private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. ταιρείας κ.ά. κέντρου κ.ά studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the toanother another approach, the due asystematic systematic and in∆ιεύθυνση: 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the According to isis due aHer and Ίµ�ρ�υ 6, 112approach, 57 Aθήναι, τηλ.: 2108647120, 6944626140, fax:public 2108658868. University College of London, where shethe continued her social research. action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and long-term informal effortby bya organized groups,See manufacturers, brokers DICTIONARY. of buying her work are characterized passion for justice. also: ENGLISH Aθήναι, 5 Aυγ�ύστ�υ 2009COLLINSENGLISH her work arereal characterized by afor passion for justice. Seeinitially also: COLLINS DICTIONARY. and selling estate,etc., etc., theCo depreciation ofpart partof of the urban web,inin 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London initially 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: and selling real estate, for the depreciation of the urban web, O Eπιστηµ�νικ�ς τ�υ Kέντρ�υ 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. Yπεύθυν�ς London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in orderKωνσταντίν�ς to achieve the “voluntary”, (actually Kαθηγητής ΓE.“assisted”, AΘANAΣOΠOYΛOΣ 141 2521 11 130 2521 11 10 24

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

competence of state affairs in their Region, based on Article 101 of current Constitution.3 Abolition of the 13 Regions of the Government Decree of 6/3/1987. 13 new Regions come in their place (Organizations of second grade local government) along with the municipalities (Organizations of first grade) as an expression of popular sovereignty, they consist a fundamental institution of the Greek public life, as guaranteed by the provisions of Article 102 of the current Constitution4 and the By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS 5 European Charter of Local Self-Government. Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Abolition from 1/1/2011 of the Prefecture, Local Government of second grade, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of thewas School Architecture as it was provided by Law 1622/1986 (which ultimately not of implemented Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), 3. Introductory Article 101 of current Constitution 1975/1986/2001/2008: ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, ñ State’s administration is organized according to the decentralized system. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise division heritage he country left us,ishe established a great the ñ Administrative of the formed on the basis of geo-economic, social and among wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: transportother conditions. acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the ñ RegionalofInstitutions of starts the State generally competence issues of their acquisition knowledge with theindefinition the content ofon concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a have first,decisive if of not final, approach, the term province. Central Government, apart from special cases, has the general direction, coordination 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification and control of legitimacy of the Regional institutions as provided by law. 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification ñ Common legislator and Administration, when theythe actremoval normative, theythis, are obliged to take Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, from (in various into account special of mountainous areas, ensuring theirof growth. Sociology asthe well), as conditions the “refining” of aand city area, fromthere this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually ofisland low-income andthe theremoval placement artists, Article 101A ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Where Constitution provides for the establishment and operation of an Independent the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of whatever consequences has, alsoand rising prices (and the Authority, other its Members are appointed for aresults fixed tenure theyof areland governed by personal and functional independence, as specified by law. whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). 4. Article 102 of the Constitution 1975/1986/2001/2008: potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at to first in Government the UK in early 1960s and it refers to ñ Administration of local affairs belongs Local Organizations of first and second The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor grade. theTo then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people buy property in poor areas of Local Government Organizations there isto presumption of competence for the London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and thus old residents are administration of local affaires. Law defines the extendthere and types of local andare the London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus oldaffairs residents being indirectly “squeezed”. distribution between each grade. Law may delegate to Local Government organizations the being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth exercise of powers that consist state’s mission. A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is administrative included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth ñ Local Government Organizations have and financial Their GLASS at the same while similar situations recorded inautonomy. other major authorities are elected by universal and secret voting, as provided byrecorded law. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were in other major citiesñ in Western countries, by other Researchers. Law may provide the establishment of compulsory or voluntary associations of Local cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied otherorResearchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars for its more Government Organizations for works provision of services. Theseand associations may be Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more administrated by elected bodies arepreoccupied comprehensive approach being summarized from ñ State exercises supervision over Government Organizations, which concerns solely to comprehensive approach areLocal being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: legitimacy control and it is not allowed to block their initiative and freedom of action. Legitimacy interpretations the phenomenon ofDisciplinary gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon a trend of asanctions new of social groups control is exercised as provided is bydue law.to to elected bodies of local administration, apart from cases involving automatic deduction or idleness, are being applied to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money only with the consent of a Council, consisted at majority of regular judges, as provided by law. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the ñ The State takes all the legislative, regulatory and fiscal measures needed to ensure economic 1.of The term fromthe Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, for independence and provides necessary resources for the accomplishment of the tasks and the Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published ansimultaneous important study entitled: exercise of competences of Local Government Organizations with ensuring of services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. The same year she left GermanyLaw anddefines after continuous transparency in the management of these resources. the relative with the and lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and she came to back totheir London, distribution, among Local Government Organizations ofNew taxesYork or fees, determined in favour, and in 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 she teacher the According to Each another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and collected by State. transferral of competences from state’s central or regional bodies toin Local University College of London, where she continued her social Her and Government implies transfer of corresponding resources. Lawresearch. providesbrokers the public relative regarding long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are by arevenues passiondirectly for justice. also: COLLINS organizations. ENGLISH DICTIONARY. definition andcharacterized collecting of local fromSee Local Government and selling real estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 5.edit. Because of their importance, issues of Local2009. Government Organizations have become 10th Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: subject series of International Conferences as well as regulations G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: varietyofofa ways, inConferences, order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actuallyat

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the content of concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the the term Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more andthe for various its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) services Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, «Απόβαση» Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns ofΚυπρίων Gentrification Νέων Ελλήνων και Επιστημόνων και Φοιτητών στηνConcerns έδρα της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης στις Βρυξέλλες

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Της κυρίας Μαρίας Θ. ΤΡΟΥΠΗ Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Φοιτήτριας, Εθνικ. και Καποδιστριακού By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Αθηνών Student ofΠανεπιστημίου the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

138

Με ιδιαίτερηapproach: επιτυχίαDefining ολοκληρώθηκαν οι εργασίες της 53ης Σειράς 1. Introductory the concept 1. Introductory approach: the Επιστημονικών Ημερίδων γιαDefining Έλληνες καιconcept Κύπριους Νέους και ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - Επιστήμονες 370 BC, Athens), Φοιτητές, που ωργανώθηκαν στις Βρυξέλλες προ τινός, από Υπηρεσίες της ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the among other wise heritage he left us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the Ευρωπαϊκής μεstarts επίδοση των Βεβαιώσεων Επιτυχούς Συμμετοχής acquisition of Ένωσης, knowledge with the of the content concepts. σε acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ειδική εκδήλωση στις τουtheΓραφείου τουofΕυρωπαϊκού Based, therefore, on αίθουσες this “principle” indefinition a first, ifΣυνδέσμου not final, approach, the term 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term Κοινοβουλίου στηνurban Ελλάδα. gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Οι 47asΣυμμετασχόντες στις εν δραστηριότητες παρακολούθησαν Sociology well), as the “refining” of λόγω a city area, from this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement there στις έδρες των οικείων Κοινοτικών Οργάνων στις Βρυξέλλες σειρά διαλέξεων ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Ευρωβουλευτών, Διπλωματών, Ανώτατων Διοικητικών Στελεχών,of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the Καθηγητών Πανεπιστημίου ποικίλλων ευρωπαϊκού whatever other consequencesκ.ά., has, επί results also risingθεμάτων of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). ενδιαφέροντος. potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atστις first νέες in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy people to εγκαταστάσεις buy property inτου poor ofto Πέραν αυτών, ενημερώθηκαν ΝΑΤΟ από the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are Ανώτατα Στελέχη του για τις δραστηριότητές του, καθώς και στην έδρα τηςof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Αντιπροσωπείας της Εκκλησίας της Ελλάδος για την εκεί αποστολή της. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon isηςincluded in the work of Sociologist Ruth Σειράς Ημερίδων είχεofορισθεί η κυρία Υπεύθυνη 53 is situations AΕπιστημονική description ofperiod, this phenomenon included inwere the recorded work Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same whileτης similar in other major Βασιλ. ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ, Καθηγήτρια Επίκ. του Παντείου Πανεπιστημίου GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Κοινωνικών καιthe Πολιτικών των Αθηνών καιand Σύμβουλος του cities in Western countries, byΕπιστημονικών other Researchers. Since then, issue has preoccupied several scholars for its more Προγράμματος ο από ετών πρωτοπόρος εμπνευστής του Καθηγητής των Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Πανεπιστημίων το οποίο εδρεύει στηνthe Πάφο της from Κύπρου του comprehensive approach are being summarized below, theκαι various interpretations ofΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, the phenomenon of gentrification, following: interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, the following: Εθν. Καποδ. Πανεπ. Αθηνών ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, In aκαι sense, theof phenomenon is dueof toΚωνσταντίνος a trend of a new category of social groups συνεπικουρούμενοι επί του πρακτέου υπό του Φοιτητού της Ιατρικής to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs inΣχολής money του time ΕΚΠΑ Μάριου ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ. and toκ.travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Την εκδήλωση παρακολούθησαν Πρυτάνεις, Καθηγητές Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health,Εκπρόσωποι education, entertainment “at the heart ofοι theΣυμμετασχόντες, city”,movements (possibly)for Πανεπιστημίων, Επιστημονικών Συλλόγων, Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where andτους research Geneva, Prague,μηνύματα London and New York sheανέγνωσε came back to οιstudies Γονείς κ.ά.,in ενώ σχετικά τα οποία ο London, κ. Μάριος in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΣ, απέστειλαν οwhere επί κεφαλής τηςher Αντιπροσωπείας της Εκκλησίας University informal College of London, she continued social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying της στην Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΙΟΣ και ο Καθηγητής Επ. του her Ελλάδος work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Πανεπιστημίου Βόννης, τ. Ανώτατο Στέλεχος της Επιτροπής κ. Θεόδ. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΣ.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, REPRÉSENTATION DE L’ ÉGLISE DE GRÈCE Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification AUPRÈS DE L’UNION EUROPÉENNE Concerns Κυρία ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ,

Το μήνυμα του κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΙΟΥ έχει ως εξής:

Κύριε ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΕ By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Φίλοι, Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Αγαπητοί Συνέλληνες, By Mr.έδρα George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Το Πρόγραμμα Επισκέψεων στην της Ε.Ε., στις Βρυξέλλες, που of theκ.School of Architecture δεκαετίες τώρα οργάνωνε πρώτα ο αγαπητόςStudent Καθηγητής ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ University Crete και συνεχίζει επάξια η κ. ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ, αγκάλιασα με όληTechnical μου την καρδιά. Το of έκανα γιατί ως σύγχρονοςapproach: Έλληνας δεν μπορώthe ναconcept αντικρίσω το μέλλον της χώρας μας 1. Introductory Defining ανεξάρτητα από την Ευρώπη. Αυτή την Ευρώπη επιθυμώ να γνωρίσετε, με τα 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, theνα ancient Greek philosopher, BCτης - 370 BC, Athens), καλά της που πρέπει διαφυλαχθούν και με τα(444 κακά που πρέπει να ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the διορθωθούν. Δεν είναι όμως αυτονόητο, ότι αυτό γίνεται αμέσως κατανοητό. among other wise heritage leftthe us, he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with the content Χρειάζεται γνώση, την οποίαν εν μέρει definition παρέχει τοofΠρόγραμμα τωνconcepts. Επισκέψεων acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term στις Βρυξέλλες και οι συναφείς δράσεις Σας……………………………… 1 (and urban Based, therefore, onτης this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) Planning) (or gentrification Η Αντιπροσωπεία Εκκλησίας της Ελλάδος στην ΕΕarea πουofοργάνωσα και 1 (and urban gentrification gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various διευθύνω εδώ και είκοσι χρόνια παρακολουθεί τις ευρωπαϊκές εξελίξεις με Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the there of artists, γνώμονα τον σεβασμό στο ανθρώπινο πρόσωπο και placement στόχο να αναδεικνύονται ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. “change”, regardless of στις αποφάσεις των Θεσμικών Οργάνων τηςHowever Ευρώπης αξίες όπως ηthere αλληλεγγύη, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other results also μέσον rising που of land prices (and the η δικαιοσύνη καιconsequences η ισότητα για has, όλους. Το κύριο χρησιμοποιούμε γιαof whatever other consequences has,οresults also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). την επιτυχία της αποστολής μας είναι διάλογος………….. potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first +Ο in the UK in earlyΑχαΐας 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Μητροπολίτης ΑΘΑΝΑΣΙΟΣ the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Το μήνυμα του κ. Θ. ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΥ, έχει ως εξής: being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth AΔρ description ofΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΣ this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS atΘεόδωρος the same period, while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Επ. Καθηγητής Ευρωπαϊκής Ολοκληρώσεως cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Παν/μίου Βόννης, Πρ. Ανωτ. Στέλεχος της Ε.Ε. scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from Εκλεκτοί και approach αγαπητοί φίλοι, comprehensive are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Επιτρέψτε μου να Σας συγχαρώ, για την συμμετοχή Σας, στις διεξαχθείσες interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Επιστημονικές Ημερίδες τρ. έτ. στις Βρυξέλλες. Στο πλαίσιο του εξαιρετικού to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money αυτού Προγράμματός Σας, περιελαμβάνονταν, επισκέψεις και ομιλίες, μετά and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the διαλόγου, στιςcomes έδρες των Ευρωπαϊκών Οργάνων και GLASS Διπλωματικών 1.of The termat from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Αντιπροσωπειών. Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of theωςcity”, (possibly) YouthΕίχα Unemployment. The συμμετάσχω same year she ενεργά left Germany and after continuous movements την τιμή να στο Πρόγραμμα Ομιλητής, μίαfor lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and in Geneva, London andπολλά New Yorkχρόνια she came to London, ιδιότητα μεresearch την οποία με Prague, τιμά εδώ και ο back εμπνευστής και in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and πρωτεργάτης Ημερίδων αυτών, Καθηγητής κ. Κωνσταντίνος ΓΕ. University informal Collegeτων of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ. Η πρωτοβουλία αυτή απετέλεσε ξεχωριστή διαδρομή στο her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also:μια COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Ευρωπαϊκό γίγνεσθαι, γεγονός για το οποίο εβραβεύθη σε ειδική τελετή στις G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns Εκ των λοιπών παρισταμένων ωμίλησαν οι εξής:

Βρυξέλλες ο Καθηγητής κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, με την ευρωπαϊκή διάκριση PRIX EUROPEEN DES DOUZE ETOILES…………………………………….. Τη διαδρομή αυτή των Ευρωπαϊκών Επιστημονικών Ημερίδων στις Βρυξέλλες συνεχίζει επαξίως, η Καθηγήτρια κυρία ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ.

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Ο Εκπρόσωπος του Γραφείου Συνδέσμου του Ευρωπαϊκού Κοινοβουλίου By Mr.οGeorge-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS στην Ελλάδα κ. Άγγελος ΚΑΠΕΤΑΝΙΔΗΣ, οποίος ανεφέρθη στην πολυσχιδή Harvard University, Graduate School Design, Student, αποστολή του Ευρωπαϊκού Κοινοβουλίου και επήνεσε τουςof υπευθύνους της By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect πρωτοβουλίας. Student of the School of Architecture Ο Αν. Πρύτανης Διεθνών και Δημοσίων Σχέσεων,Technical Διασφάλισης Ποιότητας, University of Crete Έρευνας και Δια βίου Εκπαίδευσης του Ιονίου Πανεπιστημίου, Καθηγητής Ιωσήφ 1. Introductory approach: the concept ΠΑΠΑΔΑΤΟΣ, ο οποίος είπε ταDefining εξής: 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, Αξιότιμη κ. Δεληθέου, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), amongΑξιότιμε other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the κ. Αθανασόπουλε, among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Αγαπητές φοιτήτριες,starts αγαπητοί φοιτητές, acquisition of knowledge with the the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 Αγαπητές φίλες αγαπητοί φίλοι, Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Σε μία εκδήλωση την σημερινή είναι απαραίτητο ναfrom τονιστεί η σημασία Sociology as well), as theσαν “refining” of a city area, the removal this, (in various Sociology as well), the “refining” of a city removal fromthere this,εξελίξεων, (inartists, various της συνεχούς και ειςasβάθος ενημέρωσης και area, μελέτης ευρωπαϊκών ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theτων placement of ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, δεδομένης της συμμετοχής της χώρας στον σημαντικό αυτό θεσμό. Θα ήταν, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless επίσης, αναμενόμενο ο ομιλητήςhas, να αναφερθεί σεrising μία σειρά απόprices ζητήματα, whatever other consequences results also of land (andπου theof whatever other consequences results also rising of land prices θεωρούνται εξαιρετικά σημαντικάhas, για την εκπαίδευση και την πρόοδο των(and νέων.the potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). TheΠιο term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to συγκεκριμένα: The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend buy property in poor Η εξέλιξη και η of εδραίωση υψηλήςtoποιότητας εκπαιδευτικών και the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof ερευνητικών ιδρυμάτων και οι συνέργειες στην περιοχή των Βαλκανίων, της London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ευρύτερης Μεσογείου και γενικότερα του Ευρωπαϊκού χώρου, ώστε να being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this έρευνας, phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth εδραιωθούν ως φορείς αριστείας, καινοτομίας και μάθησης με ενεργό A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major και ουσιαστική συμμετοχή στον παγκόσμιο χώρο έρευνας. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Ηinσύνδεση με την αγορά εργασίας και τον παραγωγικό ιστό. cities Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Ο καταλυτικός ρόλος,has που πρέπει να έχουν τα ιδρύματα αυτά στις τοπικές Since then, the issue several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from κοινωνίες και κατ’ επέκταση και πέραν των συνόρων, ως χώρος διαλόγου και comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: παραγωγής τεκμηριωμένων προτάσεων για τα μεγάλα πολιτικά, οικονομικά, interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups πολιτιστικά και κοινωνικά προβλήματα της εποχής. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Αναμφίβολα πρόκειται για to τοdowntown, ζητούμενοwhere των work καιρών. θαofμου and time to travel from the purlieus placeΑλλά is, lack the επιτρέψετε να μην συνεχίσω την ομιλία αναλύοντας τα αναφερθέντα. Αντ’ 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for αυτού better Berlin, where she made herπρωτίστως first studies.στις In 1932 an important study entitled: θα ήθελα απευθυνθώ νέεςshe καιpublished τους νέους μας city”, διατυπώνοντας services ofναhealth, education, entertainment “at the heart of the (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for μερικές σκέψεις. lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is Σοφία due a systematic and Η πραγματική πνευματική πρόοδος και η αληθινή δεν είναι δυνατόν University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying να μετρηθούν με δείκτες τεχνολογικούς ή οικονομικούς. Ας μην ξεχνάμε ότι το her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. μέλλον ανήκει σε εκείνους που υπερβαίνουν τουςWIKIPEDIA: περιορισμούς, που χτίζει and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban web,με in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm χρόνος και παραδίδεται σε εκείνους που με τα πανιά της (actually ενόρασης aαγωνία varietyο of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”,

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

αρμενίζουν στον ωκεανό της αιωνιότητας. Κάθε όραμα είναι στην ουσία μια συνεχής πρόκληση στις άπειρες δυνατότητες και εκδοχές της δημιουργίας. Και ταυτοχρόνως προβάλει από την ίδια του την φύση μια ποιότητα αναπαραγωγής. Για να υλοποιηθεί όμως το όραμα, πρέπει να είναι ικανό να συγκινήσει και να ερεθίσει την αρχέγονη μήτρα. Και εδώ ακριβώς είναι που θα ξεχωρίσουν οι ονειροπόλοι από τους οραματιστές. Το όνειρο φέρει το στίγμα του υποκειμενικού. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Το Όραμα - με κεφαλαίο όμικρον - φέρει την ιερή σφραγίδα της Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Υπέρβασης. By Mr.σε George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Με βάση τα παραπάνω οδηγούμαστε δύο αντιλήψεις του κόσμου. Student School Architecture Η πρώτη αντίληψη βαρύνεται από την θολήof the θέαση καιofτο πνεύμα Technical University Crete δυσκολεύεται να διακρίνει την ουσία και μαγνητίζεται από τις μορφές. Αργάofαλλά σταθερά συστέλλεται, το διακατέχει η concept απομόνωση, η αβεβαιότητα και η 1. Introductory approach: Defining the καχυποψία. Το πνεύμα περιορίζεται και κατακερματίζοντας τον χώρο, τοποθετεί 1. Introductory approach: Definingphilosopher, the concept (444 BC ANTISTHENIS, the ancient 370ροπές BC, Athens), επιγραφές και ονόματα επάνω Greek στα πράγματα αναλόγως με- τις και τις ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the εμπειρίες του. Όπως αναφέρει ο Επίκτητος: ταράσσει ανθρώπους ου τα πράγματα among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. αυτά, αλλά τα περί των πραγμάτων δόγματα. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Η δεύτερη αντίληψη μας οδηγεί στην θα έλεγα, σύλληψη 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated aυπερβατική, first, if (in notthe final, approach, theτων term urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification αντιθέτων. Μας οδηγεί στον πυρήνα των πραγμάτων, συμφιλιώνεται με το Όλον 1 gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various χωρίς να ξεχνά το as επιμέρους, φωτίζει τηνarea, θέαση του κόσμου και ισορροπεί Sociology as well), the “refining” of a city the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, επιδέξια στο σχετικό και το απόλυτο, and χωρίς όμως ποτέ να τα συγχέει. ways), ofανάμεσα social groups, usually of low-income thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of Διαπλέοντας τον ωκεανό της ανθρώπινης περιπέτειας και έχοντας κατά νου τηνof the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the Υπέρβαση που προανέφερα, ας θυμηθούμε ταalso λόγια του Τίμαιου, ότι το (and πνεύμα whatever other consequences has, results rising of land prices the potential relative speculation). προτιμά τις κορυφές. potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Καταλήγοντας στα of καθ’ ημάς,atpeople διότι ότιearly ήδη1960s σας κούρασα, θα The term gentrification iswealthy found first inπιστεύω the UK in and itareas refers the then observed trend to buy property in poor ofto ήθελα να σας υπενθυμίσω ότι η μαθητεία δεν τελειώνει ποτέ, αεί διδασκόμενος, the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof έλεγαν. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. Όπως αναφέρεται από τον Κικέρωνα civitas περιγράφειRuth το A description of this phenomenon is includedοinόρος the work of Sociologist A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth κοινωνικό σώμα των cives, των πολιτών, οι οποίοι διατελούν υπό τους ίδιους GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, similar situations were recorded in other νόμους έχοντας ευθύνες λόγω της πολιτειότητάς τους, έκαστος έναντι όλων.major Σας cities in Western countries, bywhile other Researchers. προτρέπω σε κάθε πράξη του βίου σας να μην αμελείτε το κοινωνικό καθήκον. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Αποτελεί νομίζω, αρχή της λύσης των ζητημάτων. Sinceπάντοτε, then, the issueτην has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Και τέλος,ofμία αναφορά στην κρίση, the πουfollowing: ακούμε και διαβάζουμε interpretations theσύντομη phenomenon of gentrification, interpretations the phenomenon of the following: συνεχώς. Η σύγχρονη χρήση isτου αναφέρεται στην αμφισβήτηση των In a sense, theof phenomenon dueόρου togentrification, a trend of a new category of social groups παραδεδομένων αξιών και την αναγνώριση της πρόσκαιρης δυσλειτουργίας λ.χ. η to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money πολιτική, θεσμική, οικονομική, κλιματική, μεταναστευτική κρίση. Στην αρχαία and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1.of The fromτην Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in διανόηση ηterm κρίσις αφορά δυνατότητα ορθολογικής επιλογής. sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, entertainment “at heart of σας the city”, (possibly) λοιπόν,education, επιλέξετε την she συνέχιση τωνthe σπουδών σε υψηλότερες YouthΕίτε, Unemployment. The same year left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where βαθμίδες, είτε επιλέξετε την διαδικασία εύρεσης εργασίας, έχετε μία δύσκολη και studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and πιθανώς ομιχλώδη διαδρομή μπροστά σας, όμωςInευτυχώς έχετε την νεανική University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying ορμή, το σφρίγος αλλά και τον χρόνο να υποδείξετε, να επαναπροσδιορίσετε και her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially ofαναγκαίες, part of the urban web, in να δημιουργήσετε τις προϋποθέσεις, που εσείς2009. θεωρείτε όπως απαιτεί 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aηGentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually πληρότητα μιας ολοκληρωμένης στάσης ζωής.

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και τυφλή άρνηση των κανόνων της ηθικής και κοινωνικής μας συμπεριφοράς, όπως υπαινίχθηκα προηγουμένως. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory the Σας εύχομαι να το αναγνωρίσετε ναconcept το αλλάξετε. ANTISTHENIS,approach: the ancientDefining Greekκαι philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Διαλέξτε τον δρόμο σας με θάρρος, σύνεση και καθαρότητα του BC, νου.Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Συγχαρητήρια και among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Καλήtherefore, επιτυχία σε επιλέξετε! acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, on ό,τι this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and Ο Ομότιμος Καθηγητής της Ιατρικής Αθηνών κ. Γεώργιος ΤΡΟΥΠΗΣ, gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in the areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityΣχολής the removal from (in various ο οποίος επήνεσε όσους έλαβαν μέρος στις σχετικές δραστηριότητες για την Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, φιλομάθειά τους, την εργατικότητά τους,etc. αλλά και υπευθυνότητά τους. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andτην thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, However “change”,there regardless of Ο Διευθυντής Τομέα της Ιατρικής Σχολής Αθηνών Καθηγητής κ. Θεόδ. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof ΤΡΟΥΠΗΣ, οother οποίος παρώτρυνε τους νέους να αναζητούν δυνατή whatever consequences has, results also rising of την landμέγιστη prices (and the potential relative speculation). ενημέρωσή τους επί των τρεχουσών κοινοτικών υποθέσεων. potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Υπό το αυτό πνεύμα ωμίλησαν επίσης κ. - Γρ. ΣΜΙΓΑΔΗΣ, οand τ. Πρόεδρος The term gentrification iswealthy found at first inο the UK in early 1960s itareas refersofto the then observed trend of people toΠ.buy property in poor του Δικηγορικού Συλλόγου Πάφου κ. Ιωάν. ΠΑΠΑΖΑΧΑΡΙΑ και η Δήμαρχος the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof Αμφίκλειας Ελάτειας κυρία Αθανασία ΣΤΙΒΑΚΤΗ. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Εξ άλλης πλευράς, σύντομες προσλαλιές απηύθυναν η κυρία ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth και A ο description κ. Κ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ. Ο isτελευταίος ως της δράσης ofperiod, this phenomenon included inwere theεμπνευστής work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations recorded in other major καταφανώς συγκινημένος ανέφερε, ότι είναι ευτυχής διότι μία κοινή ιδέα ιδική GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. του καιinτου αειμνήστου Πατέρα του Γεωργίου Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ ευτύχησε να cities Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more έχει Since τέτοιαthen, καλή the τύχηissue και μακροβιότητα και εκατοντάδες Νέοι Επιστήμονες και several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approachhas arepreoccupied being summarized from Φοιτητές να μπορούν να ενημερώνονται επί τόπου below, στις Βρυξέλλες για όσα comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: αποφασίζονται εκείthe γιαphenomenon εκατομμύρια of Ανθρώπους. interpretations thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Πέραν αυτών, ευχαρίστησε την Διεύθυνση του Συνδέσμου του Ευρωπαϊκού to “return” to the city, leavingγια theτην purlieus for several reasons: high in money Κοινοβουλίου στην Ελλάδα φιλοξενία της εκδήλωσης σταcosts Γραφεία του and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack the και τους Γονείς των Φοιτητών για την εμπιστοσύνη τους να επιτρέψουνofστα 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, τέκνα ναshe συμμετάσχουν τουInστις σχετικές δραστηριότητες. Berlin,τους where made her firstμαζί studies. 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, “at the heart of the city”, επιτυχούς (possibly)for την επίδοση από entertainment τουςshe προλαλήσαντες των Βεβαιώσεων YouthΜετά Unemployment. The same year left Germany and after continuous movements lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, συμμετοχής και σχετικών συστατικών επιστολών, επακολούθησε δεξίωση, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and προσφερθείσα υπό των Καθηγητών της δράσης. University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Τέλος, σημειώνεται, οι Συμμετασχόντες στην σχετική δράση DICTIONARY. πλήρωσαν her work are characterized by ότι a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part12 of the urban web, in edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: εξ10th ιδίων τις σχετικές δαπάνες συμμετοχής τους, των Πανεπιστημίων Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aπροέλευσής variety of τους ways, order Abstract. to achieve “voluntary”, (actually μηinκαταβαλλόντων ούτεthe την“assisted”, αξία ενός γεύματος…

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Διατάξεις για την ανάλωση κεφαλαίου GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, προηγουμένων ετών. Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Προσαύξηση περιουσίας Concerns

Της Δρος Νικ. ΡΑΠΤΗ Ειδ. Επιθ. παρά τω By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Γεν. Επιθ. Δημόσιας Διοίκησης Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

Α' Ανάλωση κεφαλαίου προηγουμένων ετών Η Ανάλωση Κεφαλαίου ετών, δεν είναι μια 1. Introductory approach: Definingπροηγούμενων the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept καινούργια διαδικασία που προβλέπει ο νέος Κώδικας ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370Φορολογίας BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Εισοδήματος (ΚΦΕ) του Ν. 4172/2013. Προϋπήρχε και Athens), στον among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the among other wise he leftthe us,definition he established a greatπου the acquisition of knowledge with of the«όπλο» content of“principle”: concepts. προηγούμενο ΚΦΕheritage καιstarts αποτελεί το βασικότερο μπορεί να acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term χρησιμοποιηθεί για την κάλυψη των τεκμηρίων . 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification Μέχρι(and 31/12/2013, ο φορολογούμενος μπορούσε να 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various επικαλεστεί αποκτηθέντα εισοδήματα του the παρελθόντος, αλλά για τα Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, έτη πουofείχε επέλθει ηusually παραγραφή του δικαιώματος του Δημοσίου, θα ways), social groups, of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of έπρεπε να ofαποδείξει δικαιολογητικά απόκτηση the operation art galleries, με restaurants, etc.also However this regardless whatever other consequences has, results risingτην of “change”, land prices (andτων theof εισοδημάτων ή results αφορολόγητων) καιland δενprices αρκούσε η whatever other(φορολογητέων consequences has, also rising of (and the potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). καταγραφή τους απλά isστις δηλώσεις στα The term gentrification foundφορολογικές at first in the UK in early του, 1960s άρα and itκαι refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor εκδοθέντα εκκαθαριστικά. the then observed of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade themselves and thus old residents areof Έτσι αν them, καιtrend ο stay προηγούμενος ΚΦΕ δεν έθετε χρονικό περιορισμό London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. στην επίκληση εισοδημάτων προηγούμενων ετών, στη πράξη ήταν being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in theτις work of Sociologist Ruth ανέφικτο να επικαλεστεί ο φορολογούμενος χρήσεις που είχαν A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major παραγραφεί γιατί απλά οιwhile Δ.Ο.Υ δεν situations διέθετανwere στοιχεία (δηλώσεις και GLASS at the same period, similar recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. δικαιολογητικά), αφού μετάResearchers. το several πέρας scholars της and δεκαετίας τα cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Since then, the issue has for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more είχαν, καταστρέψει. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized the various Οι διατάξεις των άρθρων 17, 18 και 19 τουfrom ν. 2238/1994, interpretations of the phenomenon of15,16, gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations of the phenomenon of following: In a sense, phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend και of a new category of social groups καθώς και οιtheδιευκρινιστικές εγκύκλιοι οιthe διοικητικές λύσεις που to “return” to the city, leaving purlieus for several 2013, reasons:προβλέπουν high costs in money είχαν εκδοθεί μέχρι καιthe31 Δεκεμβρίου τον and time to travelφορολογητέας from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack ofτων the προσδιορισμό ύλης με βάση τις δαπάνες διαβίωσης 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, φορολογουμένων και προσώπων συνοικούν με αυτόν καιentitled: τον Berlin, where she made herτων first studies. In 1932που she published an important study services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous βαρύνουν, όταν το συνολικό ποσό που προσδιορίζεται με τα παραπάνωfor lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier she came to back to London, σχετικά είναι ανώτερο από το York συνολικό εισόδημά in According 1943 sheάρθρα published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became teacherτου. in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research.ζ'brokers Her public and Ειδικότερα, σύμφωνα τις διατάξεις της περίπτωσης της παρ. 2 του long-term effortμε by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. ......................................................................................................................................................... and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 1

http://www.ethnos.gr/entheta.asp?catid=34095&subid=2&pubid=64005894

Βλέπετε το υπόλοιπο του κειμένου στην ηλεκτρονική διεύθυνση της ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α., τ. 82/2015.

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Ethics and Leadership: GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, The example of Healthcare Sector Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Spyridon Marios DELITHEOS, Concerns Student, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS

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It is commonly accepted that the modern citizen mustofbe characterized Harvard University, Graduate School Design, Student, Mr.society George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS by the concept of morality in orderBy the to maintain its cohesion and Architect Student the School Architecture progress. In the case of workers in Institutions withofpower or in of positions of Technical University of and Crete high responsibility, it is necessary for them to embrace the moral values principles of society as a whole, as well as in the field of healthcare services. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept order to explore the terms of “morality”, and the role of 1. In Introductory approach: Defining the concept“leadership” ANTISTHENIS, the itancient Greek philosopher, - 370 BC, Morality Athens), morality in leadership, is reasonable first to give(444 theirBC definitions. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the ,in a society, is defined as the set of rules that regulate man's behavior towards among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. himself and of others. In more detail word morality comes from the ancient acquisition knowledge starts withthe thein definition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Greek wordtherefore, «ήθος», which in turn comes the «έθος/ethos» 1 (and urban Based, on this “principle” inindicated afrom first, if notword final, approach, thethat term gentrification) is (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification used to mean habit, that is, the constant act of free logical beings. Ethics are 1 gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various distinguished in philosophical, religious, social and professional according to Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the Modern Dictionary of the basic concepts ofand D. the Diamantopoulos. Regarding ways), of social groups, usually of low-income placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”,there regardless of the term manager according to the definition of M. Hoyle and P. Newman the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof ''Manager is thespeculation). person responsible for aalso group of of people or things whatever other consequences has, results rising land prices (and or the potential relative activities'' and has as its role the settlement and resolution of, both everyday potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to and then more complex, issues. In addition, is buy the in responsible person for The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK early 1960s and itareas refers the observed trend ofiswealthy to property in poor ofto organizing a group of individuals who are trying to achieve a common goal the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof over aindirectly specific period of stay time,themselves with specific resources at and theirthus disposal. London, upgrade them, sometimes there old residents are being “squeezed”. It is of great importance to accent that these two conditions, namely being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth those of morality and leadership, are closely linked. As it is logical, a GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in otherleader major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major must obey the moral code of the company or organization he works for and at cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. the same time respect the moral values and principles of the society in which Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue several scholars and for its more his company develops its has business activity. More specifically, thethe leader of a comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the working groupof should be characterized at least by professional not by interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, the following:ethics, if various interpretations phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: all moral values. It the is essential leader should respect the members of his In a sense, theof phenomenon isthat dueaof to a trend of a new of social groups team, not violate their rights and accept their right to self-determination. In to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money other words, a leader must respect and ensurewhere that others respect theofselfand time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, work place is, lack the 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth orientation, GLASS for wasbetter born sense safety distributed residencies town search determination ofthe their partners in terms ofoutside religion andcentres, sexual butin Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services health, education, “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) also not of discriminate relatedentertainment to gender, origin, economic background, age and Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where marital status. As Barry Simmonds mentioned “We had to resolve conflicts studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and with individuals who felt their position was to defend their home countryin or University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying their particular function. On a global team you are a voice, an expert on that her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in topic”, a phrase that shows that working effectually with people from different 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm acultures varietyrequires of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually effort and Abstract. mutual respect among members.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

The mental relationship between leader's ethics and its effective outcome on his company's performance is strong. It is morality that will allow the leader to judge his associates on the main criterion of their performance in their work and their contribution to the team spirit. As Mary Kim Stuart mentioned “Managers are solely responsible for evaluating their employees..Each manager designs his or her own evaluation system”. Otherwise, when the leader does not follow the moral code of the organization By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS or company he works for, he will not be able to judge his colleagues Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, objectively, which will result in By him withArchitect higher Mr.disserving George-Sp.employees C. ATHANASSOPOULOS performance or more resources and favoringStudent othersofwho are less efficient or the School of Architecture who do not have sufficient resources to be promotedTechnical to a position with higher University of Crete demands and standards. As Couturiaux Paris said “Managing people fairly 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept means giving everyone objective appraisals and honest and direct feedback”. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept If aANTISTHENIS, manager is notthe fair, the company will be harmed the BC, positions of ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCas- 370 Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 Athens), among other wise hebe left us, he established a great the responsibility will heritage gradually staffed by people(444 who will notBC, have the among other wise leftthe us,definition he a great the acquisition knowledge startshe with of capable the content of“principle”: concepts. capacity toofmeet theheritage requirements and theestablished most individuals will be acquisition ofand knowledge starts with thethe the content concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a rate first,ofif of not final, approach, the disappointed leave. Subsequently, production of of goods andterm the 1 (and urban therefore, this “principle” inindicated a first, notcompany's final, approach, the term gentrification) is (in the area of performance Planning) (or gentrification rateBased, of production ofon wealth will decrease and if the 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various will decline. In addition, the leader or persons in positions of high Sociology as well), the “refining” of adefend city area, the removal this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and theserve placement there responsibility in aascompany should and thefrom interests of the ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of the operation art galleries, restaurants, etc. However regardless of company theyofwork for, without deviating for their this own“change”, benefit, such asartists, gifts the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the or monetary rewards at the expense of the company. Moreover, the leader andof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential managersrelative through their behavior and therefore their ethics compose the potential relative speculation). Theof term is found first in the UK in early Brown 1960s and it refers to“ ethics thegentrification company towards theatcustomers. As Patricia mentioned The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Nice perks may help somewhat in recruiting, but to keep people here we’ve the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof got to demonstrate that wethemselves offer a culture where they and London, upgrade them, stay sometimes there and are thusrespected old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. treated as adults,“squeezed”. one that shows people that we really do care about them.” being indirectly A shows description this phenomenon included in the of Sociologistto Ruth This howofimportant it is foristhe company towork behave its A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of ethically Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major customers in order to survive and grow. GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. The importance of ethics in Researchers. positions of high responsibility, such as cities in Western countries, by other Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more those of leader and issue manager,preoccupied is not limitedseveral to thescholars narrow and confines of more the Since then, the for various its comprehensive approachhas are being summarized below, from the organization or business, but extends to the rest ofbelow, society. Individuals in comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: positions of high responsibility are the guardians of the social values and interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups social contract that every community subscribes to in order to have and to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costsorder in money prosperity in society, as they are responsible not only for the production of and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the goods and services, but also forresidencies assessing the efficiency of citizens. They 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasassess born in sense safety atcomes the distributed outside town centres, for better Berlin, where she made her society first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: the performance of civil either indirectly by setting criteria when they services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany andor after continuous are in positions of State, political or social power directly when they arefor lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, called to meetstudies these criteria and to assess they belong, for in According 1943upon she published regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon iswhen due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and example, to economic power, such as agroups, manager working in anbrokers organization or long-term informal effort by organized manufacturers, of buying work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. aher company of large Therefore, individuals in positions of responsibility and selling real estate,sizes. etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: hold the fate of society in their own hands, because if they follow the ethical G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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rules they will reward those who try to improve, are tired of gaining supplies, work hard and give them the opportunity to develop professionally and personally and take on more responsibilities, participating more actively in the production of goods, services and wealth. Otherwise, however, where people who evaluate others, such as the leader or managers do in a company, operate without morality, then they will automatically endanger the whole of society and social cohesion, since citizens who have worked less and have less By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS resources will occupy important positions with high earnings and prospects, Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, at the expense of those who reallyBy deserve all these C. and have triedArchitect harder. Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS This will not only adversely affect the production of new wealth and the Student of the School of Architecture defense of moral values in society, but will also cause the community to feel Technical University of Crete injustice and indignation which will gradually deteriorate, causing society as a 1. Introductory Defining the concept whole to react andapproach: in turn violate the social contract it is serving. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept The role of thethe leader in the modern era is multi-party, as demands are ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 through BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the constantly increasing. Theancient leader must first of all inspire everyone his among wiseand heritage he lefthis us,colleagues he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition ofand themembers content ethos, hisother behavior his actions ofconcepts. his team. As acquisition of knowledge starts withcannot theindefinition content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a expect first, if of not final, approach, the term Carla Paonessa mentioned “You tothe delight your customers 1 (and urban Based, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification unless youtherefore, as an employer delight your employees”. He has the role of 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various motivating them to take initiatives, to believe in themselves and their Sociology as well), as the “refining” a city area, the removal this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there potential, giving them the space toofdevelop their ideas andfrom should have the ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, etc. However this “change”, regardless of ability and willingness to restaurants, motivate them. At the same time, however, the the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the leader must maintain his leadership role in the group, being in charge. Theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative leader must make a fair division of work, oversee the progress of each potential relative speculation). The term is found atto first the UK ingoal early and itThis refers member andgentrification keep them committed theincommon of 1960s the group. isto a The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor delicate balance that must be maintained between the obligations of members the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade them, themselves and thus old residents towards the group andstay the view of each there member how work are on London, upgrade them, staypersonal themselves sometimes andon thus old to residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. abeing thematic, a job“squeezed”. or on the resolution of an issue. It is the balance that the indirectly A description of thistophenomenon is included the work of Sociologist Ruth leader is called upon in order for the in group achieve the goals he A description ofperiod, this create phenomenon is situations included inwere the to work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major has set. As Windle Priem said “Tomorrow’s leader will be a team player who GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. will seek to decentralize leadership and work towards creating an entire cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more organization of leaders”, includes theseveral idea that the leader works a Since then, the issuewhich has scholars andthe for various its as more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from member of the team and tries to improve, underbelow, his responsibility, the comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: performance of thethe other members.ofIngentrification, addition, thethe leader is responsible for interpretations phenomenon following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups creating reflection mechanisms in order to get insight into the views of to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money patients and partners on the services provided. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Furthermore, the Sociologist leader should look1912-1940. in modern literature forin The termat comes from Ruth GLASS, Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, wherenew she made her first studies. In 1932 shetopublished an important study entitled: innovation, ideas and practices in order face the changes and improve services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. The same she left Germany and after continuous the way hiscost team works or itsyear result by bringing in new techniques. As etc. Dawn lower living of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where Gould Lepore mentioned “What we must have…is a core competence in in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and reinventing ourselves the needs of our customers brokers changeofin the long-term informal effort as by organized groups, manufacturers, buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. marketplace”, which etc.,shows that an organization or company is web, stable and selling realCOLLINS estate, for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: because it moves, evolves and adapts to new needs by developing new ideas G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

and new culture. However, as Paul Strebel notes, employees tend to resist to the changes promoted by senior executives. In this case the leader must try to convince his colleagues for the necessity of change and the benefits that the group will reap in the future. In other words, it is not enough simply to force them to change their work without understanding the reasons, because then they are more likely to continue to resist to change, but to adopt a culture. As Dr Anastasios Karandreas1 mentioned, especially in the field of health By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS services, science and technology development are companions and the Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, medical community accepts methods are tested first in time in order to Bythat Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect judge their reliability and are later adopted. Student He also of noted that it is essential, the School of Architecture in the field of health, that knowledge should be shared and disseminated, so Technical University of Crete that more health workers have access to it and therefore more patients access Introductory approach: Defining the the concept to 1. these health services, which is also main meaning of the phrase “ 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Nobody wants to work for someone can’t learn from”, Steve Jobs ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greekthey philosopher, (444 BC -which 370 BC, Athens), ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC,promote Athens), among other wise he us, he established a great the said.ANTISTHENIS, Especially in heritage thethe field of left healthcare services, the leader must among other wise heritage he leftthe us, he established a training greatof“principle”: the acquisition ofthe knowledge starts with thethe content concepts. and support continuous training ofdefinition staff, suchofas of doctors in acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term new treatments for aon disease. 1 (and urban Based, therefore, “principle” is inKarandreas, a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) indicated of Planning) (or gentrification According to on Dr.this Anastasios thearea most important 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various characteristics that a leader must have in the field of health services is first the Sociology as well), asknowledge, the “refining” of a city area, this, (invalues various ways), of social groups, usually ofinlow-income and theremoval placement of artists, ethos and secondly this order. In the more detail,from thethere moral ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of thatoperation are reasonable and necessary to characterize the leader in this space are the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the morals, honesty, integrity of character, sincerity and condescension. It is theseof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative moral values that will help the leader maintain team spirit in the team he runs potential relative speculation). term gentrification is found firstItinisthe UKnecessary in early 1960s and itvalues refers to to andThe overcome the difficulties that at arise. also for these The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor be embraced and respected by all members of the group in order to work the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof together and succeed as a whole. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Inindirectly addition,“squeezed”. Dr. Anastasios Karandreas emphasized that the leader at the being A description ofshould this phenomenon included in the workasofa Sociologist Ruth Healthcare sector ensure thatisis the team functions In other A description ofperiod, this phenomenon included inwere the recorded work ofwhole. Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations in other major words, itsatmembers should while cooperate harmoniously in recorded serving the common GLASS the same period, similar situations were in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. objective, while the separation of responsibilities should be clear and effective. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more The Since role ofthen, the leader is clear, the group should succeed in functioning a the issue has several scholars andthe for various its as more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from whole, as, as he said, the pathare to success is never unique and the members of a comprehensive approach being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: group succeed or the failphenomenon together. That is why the leader is tasked with the interpretations thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups difficult role of choosing the suitable partners who will make up the team, to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money since it also carries its responsibility. He also made it clear that it is necessary and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the for the health to fully respect the patient. He stressed that for the 1.of The termleader from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS washealth born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better Berlin, where she made her for firstand studies. In 1932 she publishedprovision an important study entitled: care provider he works for him the excellent of services to services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The sameand yearachieved she left Germany andboth afterhuman continuous for the patient is a prerequisite through resources and lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and 1 University College London, where she continued her social research. Herof public and Part of theof interview with Dr Anastasios Karandreas, Director Μetropolitan long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her worksurgery are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Hospital clinic, ofthe thedepreciation American College of Surgeons FACS, Member of the and selling realCOLLINS estate,Member etc., for initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: British Medical Association, Member of the Hellenic Surgical Society, Member of the G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

Greek Coloproctology Company. Extensive CV; https://tinyurl.com/yxtslto5. (2020, Oct.). 147 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

logistics. As he characteristically said, the leader in the group is like the conductor in a symphony orchestra, as the perfect result is produced under the instructions of the leader who shakes the baguette and everyone plays the same rhythm. In this way, the best result for the patient is produced. It is becoming clear that morality is the driving force behind the progress and prosperity of society. The leaders and managers of a society, just like managers of a business, need to defend these moral values and promote By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS them as beacons of morality even in the darkest times, especially in the health Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, service sector, where people's greatest good, health, is at By Mr. George-Sp. C. stake. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture

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Indicative Bibliography (primordial and derivative) Technical University of Crete Al-Sawai,A.(2013,jul;28(4):285-287).Leadership of Healthcare 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Professionals:Where Do We Stand?. Oman Med J. October 15,2020, from 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3725246/ . - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), amongArthur,J.B. other wise&heritage he left us, he established a great the Aidman-Smith,L.(2001). Gainsharing and-“principle”: Organizational among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a great acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content of“principle”: concepts. Learning: An Analysis of Employee Suggestions Over Time. Academy the of acquisition ofJournal knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Management 44:this 737-754. Based, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if provider notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification Bell,J.therefore, &1 (and Breslin,J.(2008, oct-dec.).Healthcare moral distress as 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various a leadership challenge.PubMed.gov.October 05/2020,from Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and theremoval placement . the https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19060648/ ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art restaurants, etc. However this “change”,and regardless of Dauvrin, M. galleries, & Vincent,L.(2015, may-june). Leadership cultural the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the competence of healthcare professionals: a social network analysis. Abstract.of whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative October 02,2020, from PubMed.gov. potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the .UK in early 1960s and it refers to https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25871625/ The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers to the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Delitheos, S.M. (2020, oct.).Ethics and Leadership: The example of of the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof Healthcare Sector”. Deree. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Feder,B.J.(1994, July 1). Deere Sees a Future in Health Care. New York being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Times. A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the whiledec. similar in other stHo,A. & same Pinney,S. (2015, 8). Redefining ethical leadership in amajor 21 GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. century healthcare system. PubMed.gov. September 29,2020, from cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26656391/ . Since then, the issue has several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from Hoyle,M. & approach Newman,P. (2011). SIMPLY A below, GREAT from MANAGER The comprehensive are being summarized the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: fundamentals of being a successful manager.London: Marshall Cavendish interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Business. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Jackson,S.E. & Schuler,R.S. (2003). Managing Human Through and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where workResources place is, lack of the Strategic Partnerships. Canada: South-Western, Thomson Learning. 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin,Jenkins,H.M.(1989).Ethical where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: dimensions of leadership in community services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. The same she left Germany and after PubMed.gov. continuous movements health nursing. Abstract. J year Community Health Nurs, October lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came to back to London, 04,2020, from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2723699/ . in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public Béalinformal ,E.(2008, septembre 05).Les gros défauts du management à and la long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. française. Liaisons Sociales Magazine 92. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Διαχείριση Τεχνικών Έργων – Πάτρα, 7-8 Σεπτεμβρίου 2019 Σχολή Θετικών Επιστημών και Τεχνολογίας – ΕΑΠ Διαχείριση Τεχνικών Έργων – Πάτρα, 7-8 Σεπτεμβρίου 2019

Αξιολόγηση Ενεργειακής Αναβάθμισης Δημόσιου Αξιολόγηση Ενεργειακής Αναβάθμισης GENTRIFICATION Definition, TypesΚτηρίου of Intervention,

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Δημόσιου Κτηρίου Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Παναγιώτα Κ. Βουρνά Σαλωνίτης Κωνσταντίνος Concerns Σαλωνίτης Κωνσταντίνος Παναγιώτα Κ. Βουρνά

Αγρονόμος και Τοπογράφος Μηχανικός Π.Ε., Πολιτικός Αν. Καθηγητής Πανεπιστημίου Cranfield, Μέλος ΣΕΠ Μηχανικός Π.Ε. και Μεταπτ. Φοιτήτρια ΔΧΤ/ΣΘΕΤ, ΕΑΠ ΔΧΤ/ΣΘΕΤ ΕΑΠ Τηλ. +30 697 2556106 ksalonitis@yahoo.gr pvourna@gmail.com, std123089@ac.eap.gr Αγρονόμος και Τοπογράφος Μηχανικός Π.Ε., Πολιτικός Αν. Καθηγητής Πανεπιστημίου Cranfield, Μέλος ΣΕΠ Μηχανικός Π.Ε. και Μεταπτ. Φοιτήτρια ΔΧΤ/ΣΘΕΤ, ΕΑΠ ΔΧΤ/ΣΘΕΤ ΕΑΠ By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Τηλ. +30 697 2556106 ksalonitis@yahoo.gr Harvard University, Graduate School of Design,υπερθέρμανση Student, std123089@ac.eap.gr Περίληψη pvourna@gmail.com, – Η εξοικονόμηση ενέργειας αποτελεί επιτακτικό άνθρακα στην ατμόσφαιρα προκαλώντας ζήτημα της σύγχρονης εποχής λόγω του ενεργειακού By Mr. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS τουGeorge-Sp. πλανήτη και ατμοσφαιρική ρύπανσηArchitect (Schreiber, προβλήματος που εμφανίζεται εντονότερο όσο ποτέ. Ο 2007). Η ενεργειακή αναβάθμιση ενός υφιστάμενου Student of the School of Architecture κτηριακός τομέας ευθύνεται για περισσότερο από το ένα δημόσιου κτηρίου αποτελεί λύση στο παραπάνω Περίληψη – Η εξοικονόμηση ενέργειας αποτελεί επιτακτικό προκαλώντας υπερθέρμανση τρίτο της συνολικής ενεργειακής κατανάλωσης, με τα άνθρακα στην ατμόσφαιρα Technical University of Crete ζήτημα της σύγχρονης εποχής λόγω του ενεργειακού πρόβλημα βελτιστοποιώντας τις ενεργειακές του δημόσια κτήρια να είναι ίσως τα πιο ενεργοβόρα στην του πλανήτη και ατμοσφαιρική ρύπανση (Schreiber, προβλήματος που εμφανίζεται εντονότερο όσο ποτέ. Ο 2007). Η ενεργειακή και μειώνοντας τις ενός ενεργειακές του αναβάθμιση υφιστάμενου Ελλάδα. Η ενεργειακή αναβάθμιση των υφιστάμενων απαιτήσεις κτηριακός τομέας ευθύνεται approach: για περισσότερο από το ένα the 1. Introductory Defining concept χωρίς αποτελεί όμως να επηρεάζει συνθήκες δημόσιου κτηρίου λύση στοτις παραπάνω δημόσιων κτηρίων αποτελεί τη λύση του προβλήματος. Οι καταναλώσεις τρίτο της συνολικής ενεργειακής κατανάλωσης, με τα άνεσης των χρηστών που το χρησιμοποιούν. σε the ενεργειακές επεμβάσεις που επιλέγονται να υλοποιηθούν 1. Introductory approach: Defining concept πρόβλημα βελτιστοποιώντας τις ενεργειακές του δημόσια κτήρια να είναι ίσωςthe τα πιο ενεργοβόρα στην philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek Η Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση, τιςμε ενεργειακές μακροπρόθεσμη ένα δημόσιο κτήριο θα πρέπει να αποτελούν προϊόν μιας απαιτήσεις και μειώνοντας του Ελλάδα.ANTISTHENIS, Η ενεργειακή αναβάθμιση των υφιστάμενων the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), ολοκληρωμένης αξιολόγησης διαφορετικώνhe πτυχών, περιβαλλοντική πολιτική και πολιτική μείωσης της amongκτηρίων other wiseτηheritage left ήτοι us, established aόμως great the καταναλώσεις χωρίς να “principle”: επηρεάζει τις συνθήκες Οι he δημόσιων αποτελεί λύση του προβλήματος. ενεργειακή και οικονομική αξιολόγηση καθώς και εκτίμηση ενεργειακής εξάρτησης, αντιλαμβάνεται το πρόβλημαthe και άνεσης των χρηστών που το χρησιμοποιούν. among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: επεμβάσεις που επιλέγονται να υλοποιηθούν σε definition ενεργειακές acquisition of knowledge starts with the of the content of concepts. των αναγκών και των προτιμήσεων των τελικών χρηστών. Ο οδηγιών Ένωση, και συγχρηματοδοτούμενων Ευρωπαϊκή με μακροπρόθεσμη ένα δημόσιο κτήριο θα πρέπει να αποτελούν προϊόν μιας με Η σειρά τελευταίος παράγοντας ωστόσο,on συχνά αγνοείται και the δε definition acquisition of knowledge starts with the of concepts. Based, therefore, this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term προγραμμάτων ωθεί ταcontent κράτη να στοχοθετήσουν και να ολοκληρωμένης αξιολόγησης διαφορετικών πτυχών, ήτοι in λαμβάνεται υπόψη κατά τη φάση σχεδιασμού αλλά ούτε και περιβαλλοντική πολιτική και πολιτική μείωσης της 1 (and ενεργειακή και οικονομική αξιολόγηση καθώς και εκτίμηση is αναβαθμίσουν τα δημόσια κτήρια τους. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term ενεργειακής εξάρτησης, αντιλαμβάνεται το πρόβλημα και urban gentrification) indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification μετά την ολοκλήρωση μιας αναβάθμισης. Έτσι, στο παρόν των αναγκών και των προτιμήσεων των τελικών χρηστών. Ο με Τοσειρά παρόν άρθρο επικεντρώνεται στην κατηγορία (or της 1 (and οδηγιών και συγχρηματοδοτούμενων με σκοπό την αξιολόγηση άρθρο πραγματοποιείται έρευνα gentrification urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various τελευταίος παράγοντας ωστόσο, συχνά αγνοείται και δε προγραμμάτων συγκεκριμένα σχολικά κτήρια.και Λόγω τα κράτη στα να στοχοθετήσουν να της ενεργειακής αναβάθμισης ενός δημόσιου κτηρίου από εκπαίδευσης καιωθεί λαμβάνεται υπόψη κατά τη φάση αλλά ούτε Sociology as well), as σχεδιασμού the “refining” ofκαιa city the removal from this, (inartists, various της area, παλαιότητας της κατασκευής των σχολείων δεν έχει ways), of social groups, usually low-income and the placement there of την οπτική του τελικού χρήστη. Έπειτα, of εξετάζεται αναβαθμίσουν τα δημόσια κτήρια τους. μετά την ολοκλήρωση μιας αναβάθμισης. Έτσι, στο παρόν εφαρμοσθεί ο άρθρο Κανονισμός Θερμομόνωσης και έχουν ανασχεδιασμός ενεργειακής αναβάθμισης τουof παρόντος Το παρόν επικεντρώνεται στην κατηγορία της ways), ofτης social groups, usually low-income and thethis placement there ofδεν artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of άρθρο πραγματοποιείται έρευνα με σκοπό την αξιολόγηση δημόσιου κτηρίου με σκοπό την περαιτέρω βελτίωση της εκπαίδευσης τη κτήρια. βιοκλιματική οι αρχές που υποστηρίζουν και συγκεκριμένα στα σχολικά Λόγω τηςthe ενεργειακής αναβάθμισης ενός δημόσιουrestaurants, κτηρίου από τηρηθεί operation of art galleries, etc. However this “change”, regardless of ενεργειακής του other απόδοσης. Επιλέγονται τέσσερα σενάρια whatever consequences has, results also rising of land prices (andδενthe μετης αποτέλεσμα τη χαμηλή ενεργειακή τους της παλαιότητας κατασκευής των σχολείων έχει την οπτική του τελικού χρήστη. Έπειτα, εξετάζεται αρχιτεκτονική, ενεργειακής αναβάθμισης και πραγματοποιείται σφαιρική whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the απόδοση. Ιδιαίτερο ενδιαφέρον αποτελούν οι τρόποι με ανασχεδιασμός της ενεργειακής αναβάθμισης του παρόντος εφαρμοσθεί ο Κανονισμός Θερμομόνωσης και δεν έχουν potential αξιολόγηση με relative σκοπό την speculation). ανάδειξη του πιο συμφέροντος τους οποίους μπορεί να επιτευχθεί βελτίωση της δημόσιου κτηρίου με σκοπό speculation). την περαιτέρω βελτίωση της τηρηθεί οι αρχές που υποστηρίζουν τη βιοκλιματική potential relative σεναρίου. The term gentrification foundσενάρια at firstαπόδοσης in the UK inώστε early and ενεργειακά it refers τους to ενεργειακής του απόδοσης. Επιλέγονταιisτέσσερα τους,με να 1960s επιτευχθούν και αρχιτεκτονική, αποτέλεσμα τη χαμηλή ενεργειακή Theαναβάθμισης term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK early 1960s and οι itareas refers to ενεργειακής και trend πραγματοποιείται σφαιρική οικονομικά οφέληin αλλά και να βελτιωθούν the then observed of to buy property in poor απόδοση. Ιδιαίτερο ενδιαφέρον αποτελούν οιεσωτερικές τρόποιof με ενεργειακή αναβάθμιση, Λέξεις-Κλειδιά: με σκοπό την ανάδειξη του of πιο εξοικονόμηση συμφέροντος people αξιολόγηση ανέσεις τωνthere τελικών τους χρηστών. Οι ενεργειακές the then observed trend wealthy to buy property in poor areas of τους οποίους μπορεί να επιτευχθεί βελτίωση της London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents are ενέργειας, σεναρίου. οικονομική αξιολόγηση, ενεργειακή αξιολόγηση, επεμβάσεις που δύνανται να υλοποιηθούν σε αυτού του απόδοσης τους, ώστεand να επιτευχθούν ενεργειακά are και τελικός χρήστης,upgrade ερωτηματολόγια, Κ.Εν.Α.Κ. London, them, stay themselves sometimes there thus old residents

being indirectly “squeezed”.

να διακριθούν σε τρεις είδους τα κτήρια μπορούν οικονομικά οφέλη αλλά και να βελτιωθούν οι εσωτερικές

Λέξεις-Κλειδιά: ενεργειακή αναβάθμιση, εξοικονόμηση μεγάλες being indirectly “squeezed”. ανέσεις κατηγορίες: των τους of χρηστών. Οι ενεργειακές A description of this phenomenon is included in τελικών the work Sociologist Ruth ενέργειας, οικονομική αξιολόγηση, ενεργειακή αξιολόγηση, • Επεμβάσεις στοwork κτηριακό κέλυφος I.ΕΙΣΑΓΩΓΗ επεμβάσεις που δύνανται να υλοποιηθούν σε αυτού του A description of this phenomenon is included in the of Sociologist Ruth τελικός χρήστης, Κ.Εν.Α.Κ. GLASS at ερωτηματολόγια, the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major

• Επεμβάσεις Η/Μ εγκαταστάσεις τα κτήρια στις μπορούν να διακριθούν σε τρεις Τα δημόσιαatκτήρια είναι ίσως τα πιο ενεργοβόρα GLASS the same period, similarείδους situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile other κατηγορίες: τεχνολογιών ΑΠΕ • Ενσωμάτωση κτήρια στην Ελλάδα σήμερα. Η παλαιότητα τους Researchers. λόγω μεγάλες cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. •several Επεμβάσειςscholars στο κτηριακόand κέλυφος I.Ε τουΙΣΑΓΩΓΗ τρόπου τους issue και η απουσία συντήρησης Sinceκατασκευής then, the has preoccupied for its more Είναι σαφές ότιστις οι παρεμβάσεις πουfor ενδείκνυνται για • several Επεμβάσεις Η/Μ εγκαταστάσεις λόγω πόρων έχουν ως αποτέλεσμα Since then, the issue preoccupied scholars and its more Ταέλλειψης δημόσιαοικονομικών κτήρια είναι ίσως τα has πιο ενεργοβόρα comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various το ένα μπορείτεχνολογιών να είναι εντελώς την ύπαρξη «γηρασμένων» στο τους ελληνικό • σχολείο Ενσωμάτωση ΑΠΕ απαγορευτικές για κτήρια στην Ελλάδα σήμερα. Ηκτηρίων παλαιότητα λόγω summarized comprehensive approach are being below, from the various ένα άλλο. Είναι να ληφθούν υπόψη η interpretations theκαιphenomenon of gentrification, the αναγκαίο following: Ταυτόχρονα, ο τους χαρακτήρας των κτηρίων αυτών δημόσιο. του τρόπου κατασκευήςof η απουσία συντήρησης τους, τοοιcategory κόστος τουςof σε συνδυασμό με για το interpretations the phenomenon the following: Είναιof σαφές ότι παρεμβάσεις που ενδείκνυνται λόγω μη a ύπαρξης ιδιοκτήτη, επιτρέπει αναπόφευκτα την έλλειψης οικονομικών πόρων έχουν ως αποτέλεσμα In sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a εφικτότητά trend a new social groups ο χρόνος τους αλλά και για οι το ένα σχολείο μπορείαποπληρωμής να είναι εντελώς απαγορευτικές έλλειψη αντίληψης του ενεργειακού κόστους κτηρίου όφελος, την ύπαρξη «γηρασμένων» κτηρίων στοτουελληνικό to “return” toανάγκης the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs inπουmoney των χρηστών συχνά ανάγκες και την απουσία εξόφλησης των ενεργειακών ένα άλλο. Είναι αναγκαίο να ληφθούν υπόψη η δημόσιο. Ταυτόχρονα, ο χαρακτήρας των κτηρίων αυτών πραγματικές παραγνωρίζονται. απαιτήσεων με travel αποτέλεσμα τον περιορισμό to των εφικτότητά τους, το work κόστος place τους σεis, συνδυασμό andμηtime to from the αναπόφευκτα purlieus downtown, where lack of με theτο λόγω ύπαρξης ιδιοκτήτη, επιτρέπει την Έτσι, το βασικό που πραγματεύεται παρόν ενεργειακών τους αναβαθμίσεων. ο1912-1940. χρόνος ζήτημα αποπληρωμής τους was αλλάτο και οι έλλειψη τουat ενεργειακού του κτηρίου 1.αντίληψης term comes fromκόστους Sociologist Ruth όφελος, GLASS, Ruth GLASS born in sense ofThe safety theείναι distributed residencies outside centres, search for better άρθρο είναι ηtown απουσία πολύπτυχης αξιολόγησης μιας πραγματικές ανάγκες των χρηστών που συχνά Το πρόβλημα ένα από τα σύγχρονα ανάγκης εξόφλησης των ενεργειακών απουσία καιBerlin, τηνενεργειακό where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: ενεργειακής αναβάθμισης, παραμελείται η services of education, “at the heart of theκαθώς city”,movements (possibly)for προβλήματα της ανθρωπότητας η entertainment τωρινήshe του απαιτήσεων με health, αποτέλεσμα τονκαι περιορισμό των Youth Unemployment. The same year left παραγνωρίζονται. Germany and after continuous σημασία εκτίμησης των πραγματικών αναγκών και στηνprivate παρουσία είναι πολύ έντονη. Συνίσταται κυρίως Έτσι, το βασικό ζήτημα που πραγματεύεται το παρόν ενεργειακών τους αναβαθμίσεων. lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, Londonπροτιμήσεων and New York she came back toτων London, where τελικών χρηστών υπό εξέταση έλλειψη ενέργειαςπρόβλημα λόγω εξάντλησης των ορυκτών άρθρο είναι ητων απουσία πολύπτυχης αξιολόγησης μιας Το1943 ενεργειακό είναι ένα απόregarding τα σύγχρονα in she published studies cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacherκαιin the According to another approach, the isμεdue a systematic and κτηρίων συγκριτικά τους περιβαλλοντικούς τους καυσίμων καιτης αύξησης του κόστους αναβάθμισης, καθώς παραμελείται η προβλήματα ανθρωπότητας και προμήθειας η τωρινή τους του ενεργειακής 1 University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and οικονομικούς παράγοντες. σημασία εκτίμησης των πραγματικών αναγκών και καθώς και στην αύξηση των εκπομπών του διοξειδίου του long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying παρουσία είναι πολύ έντονη. Συνίσταται κυρίως στην her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS DICTIONARY. προτιμήσεων των τελικών ENGLISH χρηστών των υπό εξέταση έλλειψη ενέργειας λόγω εξάντλησης των and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCoορυκτών depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. SONS AND Ltd. 2009. WIKIPEDIA: Free Encyclopedia: κτηρίων συγκριτικά με τους The περιβαλλοντικούς και τους καυσίμων και Wil. αύξησης του κόστους προμήθειας τουςLondon G.των ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety ways, in order to achieve “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually οικονομικούς παράγοντες. καθώς και στηνof αύξηση εκπομπών τουAbstract. διοξειδίου του the

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ ΚΑΙ ΔΙΑΦΘΟΡΑ Εθνικές και Διεθνείς Definition, Types ofΕκφάνσεις intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Ετερόκλητες Προσεγγίσεις Διαχείρισης Concerns Της κυρίας Δ. ΣΑΒΒΙΔΟΥ By Mr. George-Sp. C. Άρτ. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect  Student of the School of Architecture Εκλεκτοί Παριστάμενοι , Technical University of Crete

Παρακαλώ βεβαιωθείτε, ότι διακατέχομαι από ιδιαίτερη συγκίνηση γιατίapproach: έχω την τιμή the να concept απευθύνομαι σε ένα εκλεκτό 1. Introductory Defining 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ακροατήριο, όπως το ιδικό Σας. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the Οργανωτική ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC,για Athens), Συγχαίρω την Επιτροπή του Συνεδρίου την among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the among other wise leftthe us,definition heκαι established a great the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. πρωτοβουλία της heritage διοργάνωσής του, ευχαριστώ γιαof“principle”: την τιμή της acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term σύντομης Εισήγησης, που θα Σας παρουσιάσω. 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification Εκτιμώ, ότι διοργανώσεις αυτού του είδους είναι ιδιαιτέρως 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various σημαντικές για σειρά λόγων: Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Πρώτον επιτρέπουν διάχυση πληροφοριών, ways), of social groups, usually ofτην low-income andπολύτιμων thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of ενίοτε δυσχερούς ανίχνευσης. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has,βάση results also rising of land prices (and the Δεύτερον αποτελούν την δημιουργικών προβληματισμών potential relative potential relative speculation). ή και επιστημονικών οποίες, άλλης πλευράς, The term gentrificationαντιπαραθέσεων, is found at first in theοιUK in earlyεξ 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ίσως λειτουργούν «παραγωγικώς». the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof Σπεύδω ευθύς εξ αρχής να Σας πληροφορήσω, ότι δεν είναι London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. εφικτό να Σας παρουσιάσω ένα γλαφυρό κείμενο επιστημονικού λόγου, being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in theμου work of Sociologist εξ αιτίας της ιδιάζουσας υφής του θέματός περί ΚράτουςRuth και A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major διαφθοράς. GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. Θα είμαι εκ των πραγμάτων αποσπασματική και ελπίζω cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for σαφής. its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more Ο Έλληνapproach Κυνικός are Φιλόσοφος ΑΝΤΙΣΘΕΝΗΣ μας κληροδότησε comprehensive being summarized below, from the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various ένα σπουδαίο επιστημονικό «Αρχή σοφίας ονομάτων interpretations of the phenomenon of αξίωμα: gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups επίσκεψις». to “return” the city, theλοιπόν, purlieus σπεύδω for severalνα reasons: high costs in money Υπ’toαυτή τηνleaving έννοια, οριοθετήσω ορισμένες and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack the βασικές παρεμπίπτουσες έννοιες για την πληρότητα της ανάπτυξηςofτου 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, θέματός μου. Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying  her work are characterized by a passionΣυνέδριο for justice.Ποινικού See also: Δικαίου COLLINSκαι ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Εισήγηση στο Α΄ Παγκύπριο Εγκληματολογίας. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Λευκωσία, Μάρτιος 2015. Βλέπετε το υπόλοιπο του κειμένου στην ηλεκτρονική G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, ΠΟΛΙΤΙΣΤΙΚΕΣ ΔΡΑΣΕΙΣ ΤΟΥ ΤΕΧΝΟΛΟΓΙΚΟΥ Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification ΕΚΠΑΙΔΕΥΤΙΚΟΥ ΙΔΡΥΜΑΤΟΣ ΙΟΝΙΩΝ Concerns ΝΗΣΩΝ 2010-2015 By Mr. -George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS Της Κυρίας Ευγενίας Μαρίας Κ.C.ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Το ΤΕΙ Ιονίων Νήσων έχει συμβάλλει θετικά και πρωτοποριακά Student of the School of Architecture εκπαιδευτικά και ερευνητικά δεδομένα της τοπικής κοινωνίας Technical University of Crete

στα όσον αφορά στην πλειοψηφία των Τμημάτων του. Οι συνεργασίες με 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept τους ήδη υπάρχοντες φορείς αλλά και με νέους στο μέλλον θα 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greekκαι philosopher, συμβάλλουν στηνtheαναβάθμιση καθιέρωση του Τεχνολογικού ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wiseΙδρύματος heritage he Ιονίων left us, he established a great the Εκπαιδευτικού Νήσων στον επαγγελματικό και among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the εκπαιδευτικό χώρο όσο και στην παγκόσμια καλλιτεχνική και acquisition of knowledge starts with the the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term επιστημονική σκακιέρα. Μέσω πρωτότυπων καλλιτεχνικών δρώμενων, 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 μέσω των πιο επίκαιρων θεμάτων για διερεύνηση, μέσω διεθνών gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various διαγωνισμών, μέσω της δημιουργίας «πολύτεχνου» και συνεργασιών Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually ofμεlow-income andτο thethis placement of artists, των Σχολών Τεχνών το etc. Ίδρυμα, ΤΕΙ Ιονίωνthere Νήσων θα the operation ofΚαλών art galleries, restaurants, However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results alsoδημιουργίας rising of landτης prices (and theof αποτελέσει έναν πιο ενισχυμένο πυρήνα σύγχρονης whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (andπιο the potential relative εποχής όπως και πόλο έλξης και τόπο συνάντησης ακόμα potential relative speculation). The term gentrification found at firstπροσωπικοτήτων. in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to σημαντικών φορέων καιisεξεχουσών The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property poor Ο observed στόχος της διοργάνωσης πολιτιστικών και in καλλιτεχνικών the then trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof δράσεων του“squeezed”. Τεχνολογικού Εκπαιδευτικού Ιδρύματος των Ιονίων London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly Νήσων είναι η παρουσίαση πρωτότυπου καλλιτεχνικού και being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations includedκαι inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth πολιτιστικού έργου στην τοπική κοινωνία εν recorded συνεχεία επίτευξη GLASS at the same while similar inηother major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major της γνώσης μέσα από by την ενδιαφέρουσα cities in Western countries, other Researchers. και πρωτοποριακή οπτική cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue several scholars and for its more που αναδεικνύουν οι has εκάστοτε εκδηλώσεις των διαφορετικών σε Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various λειτουργία και ταυτόχρονα πρωτοποριακών Τμημάτων του Ιδρύματος. comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: Πιο συγκεκριμένα, το «Τμήμα Προστασίας και Συντήρησης interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups Πολιτισμικής Κληρονομιάς» με έδρα τη Ζάκυνθο και το «Τμήμα to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Τεχνολογίας Ήχου και Μουσικών Οργάνων» με έδρα την Κεφαλονιά and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the στοχεύουν στην πολλαπλών 1.of The termat comes fromανάδειξη Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruthνεωτεριστικών GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside townκαι centres, search Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: προσεγγίσεων όσον αφορά στα πολιτιστικά, μουσικά και απαραίτητα services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for εκπαιδευτικά οποία αποτελούν καιshe πρωτοποριακή δίοδο lower living cost δεδομένα of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva,τα Prague, London and car Neweasier York came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 she teacher in the to another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and που συνενώνει τα πανεπιστημιακά ιδρύματα εντός και εκτός συνόρων University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying και δημιουργεί ευκαιρίες τόσοCOLLINS τωνENGLISH καλλιτεχνικών her work are characterized by a passionανάδειξης for justice. See also: DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., theCodepreciation initially of part the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: προσωπικοτήτων όσοfor και τηςLondon πολιτιστικής καιof καλλιτεχνικής Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: wetzel/gentry.htm aκληρονομιάς variety of ways, order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, τωνin Επτανήσων σε http://www.uncanny.net/ τοπικό και παγκόσμιο επίπεδο.(actually 151 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Το φολκλόρ και η παράδοση, η φιλοσοφία και η αισθητική της μουσικής, οι κανόνες και τα πρότυπα, οι κοινωνικές συμβάσεις και επιταγές προτάσσουν συγκεκριμένους τρόπους εκτίμησης και απορρόφησης της κουλτούρας οι οποίες όμως μπορούν να καθοριστούν εκ νέου μέσω μιας νεωτεριστικής προσέγγισης της έννοιας της συνολικότερης τέχνης. Ο λόγος για το παρελθόν παρόλα By Mr.καθώς George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS αυτά, κρίνεται εντελώς απαραίτητος ανοίγει μια συζήτηση για Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, την ερμηνεία της πραγματικότητας και των πολύπλευρων διαστάσεών By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect της. Το παρελθόν διαμορφώνει το μέλλον, για την ακρίβεια παρελθόν Student of the School of Architecture και μέλλον συνδιαμορφώνονται και αναπροσαρμόζουν τα δεδομένα Technical University of Crete κάθε τοπικής κοινωνίας και ευρύτερα. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Οι τέχνες αποτελούσαν ανέκαθεν ιδιαίτερο πεδίο ενδιαφέροντος 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Greekόχι philosopher, καιANTISTHENIS, ειδικώτερα γιαthe τα ancient Ιόνια Νησιά μόνο λόγω της Ενετικής επιρροής ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wiseτης heritage he left us,τους he established a great the αλλά και λόγω γεωγραφικής θέσης η(444 οποία τα καθιστούσε among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. κέντρα πολιτισμού καθώς συνδέονταν με τις πλησιέστερες acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content ofΕυρωπαϊκές concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term χώρες πολύ από ότι άλλες Ελλαδικού χώρου. 1περισσότερο Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated aπεριοχές first, if (in notτου final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Η κάθε δράση που έχει διοργανώσει το Τεχνολογικό Εκπαιδευτικό gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various ίδρυμα των Ιονίων Νήσων, έχει το δικό της χαρακτήρα. Ταυτόχρονα, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually ofμαζί low-income and thethis placement of artists, αναδεικνύει και μία θεματική με προβληματισμό της εποχής. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.έναν However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other has,δράσης results also rising ofστην landαναζήτηση prices (and και theof Η ανάλυση και consequences αποτίμηση κάθε μας οδηγεί whatever other consequences has, results also rising land prices (and the potential relative speculation). δημιουργία ενός ευρύτερου συνόλου δράσεων το of οποίο θα αναδείξει potential relative speculation). The term is found at first in the UK in early 1960s andδράσης. it refers to τελικά και gentrification τον πρωτότυπο χαρακτήρα κάθε μεμονωμένης Ο The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor κύκλος που προκύπτει από το μερικό στο ολικό και από το ολικό στο the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof μερικό εξασφαλίζει την ποιότητα και την μοναδική σημαντικότητα του London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. όλου εγχειρήματος των φορέων του Ιδρύματος. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth

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A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major *Δράσεις σχετικές μεResearchers. την Κατεύθυνση Προστασίας και cities in Western countries, by other cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, Πολιτισμικής the issue has several scholars and for its more Συντήρησης Κληρονομιάς Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andτο for2009 its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Το Τμήμα αυτό ξεκίνησε την επίσημη λειτουργία του με comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: εργαστήρια φυσικοχημείας, συντήρησης ζωγραφικών και ανόργανων interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueυλικών togentrification, a trend of aεργαστήριο new of social groups υλικών, συντήρησης ευπαθών και πληροφορικής to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money τα οποία ενίσχυσαν την ανάδειξη των νέων τεχνικών αποκατάστασης and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the των1.κειμηλίων καιdistributed τωνSociologist έργων τέχνης. Το περιβάλλον, ο search πολιτισμός, termat comes from Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS wasbetter bornηin sense ofThe safety the residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where sheηmade her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: έρευνα και καινοτομία αποτέλεσαν αντικείμενα μελέτης του services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Τμήματος αυτού. ΗGeneva, σύνδεση της Κατεύθυνσης αυτής μεmarkets, τα Τμήματα lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access etc.where studies and research Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. 1950 sheto became teacher in the Πληροφορικής τόσο στον ελληνικό χώρο Inόσο και στο εξωτερικό to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying αποδείχθηκε ευεργετική καθώς συνέβαλλε στην δημιουργία μιας her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.που Wil. SONS AND Ltd. 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: διόδου λειτουργεί άμεσα καιLondon αποτελεσματικά όσον αφορά στην Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: wetzel/gentry.htm aπροστασία variety of ways, order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually και τηinσυντήρηση τηςhttp://www.uncanny.net/ πολιτισμικής κληρονομιάς.

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Το πεδίο της συντήρησης μουσικών οργάνων GENTRIFICATION Definition, Typesκαιofεπισκευής Intervention, παραδοσιακών και μη εξοικείωσε τους συμμετέχοντες με την ιστορία, Definition, Types of intervention, ofκαι Gentrification τη χρήση, τηConcerns σωστή συντήρηση επισκευή των μουσικών οργάνων τους και ιδιαίτερα μέσα από ειδικές επιδείξεις και πρακτική εφαρμογή Concerns των διδασκόμενων μεθόδων.

Απώτερος στόχος του προγράμματος ήταν ο χώρος των Mr.πλούσια George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Επτανήσων, εκμεταλλευόμενος By την και μοναδική μουσική Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, παράδοσή του, να καταστεί πανελλαδικό σημείο αναφοράς όσον By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect αφορά στο αντικείμενο της επιστημονικής συντήρησης των Student of the School of Architecture παραδοσιακών οργάνων. Technical University of Crete Η δυνατότητα συνεργασίας του Τμήματος Προστασίας και 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Συντήρησης Πολιτισμικής Κληρονομιάς του ΤΕΙ Ιονίων Νήσων με τα 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, μουσεία της Ζακύνθου κρίνεται υψίστης σημασίας Δράση καθώς ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the αποτελεί βασικό άξονα σύνδεσης της Επτανησιακής κουλτούρας με την among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ιστορία καιofτις ρίζες της.starts with the definition of the content of concepts. acquisition knowledge Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term Ο κύκλος με θέματα συντήρηση και 1 (andδιαλέξεων Based, therefore, on this “principle” inσχετικά a first, if με notτη final, approach, the τον term urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 πολιτισμό αφορούσε σε πολύ συγκεκριμένα θέματα όπως: gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various -ways), Δυτικοευρωπαϊκές επιδράσεις στην Μεταβυζαντινή Αγιογραφία της Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), ofκαι social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, Κρήτης των Ιονίων Νήσων the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever otherκαι consequences has, results rising of land prices (and theof -Πολιτισμός Τεχνολογία: Μια also Πρόσφατη Σχέση. Διδασκαλία whatever other consequences has, results rising of land prices (andμε the potential relative μαθημάτων με speculation). θέμα τον πολιτισμό στηνalso τριτοβάθμια εκπαίδευση potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to χρήση της ψηφιακής τεχνολογίας The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in Ανακάλυψηpoor -Aπολιθωμένο Δάσος της Λέσβου: the then observed trend wealthy people toΔημιουργίαbuy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof ΠροστασίαΈργα Συντήρησης London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. -Συντήρηση Χειρογράφων από Αιθιοπία being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth -Βυζαντινές Μεταβυζαντινές Τοιχογραφίες στη A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included in theΖάκυνθο work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the&same while similar were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major -Υφάσματα τουcountries, Αγ. Όρους: Καταγραφή & Συντήρηση cities in Western by other Researchers. cities in&Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, issue has several scholars and for its more -Τέχνη Νέεςthe Tεχνολογίες Since then, the issue has several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from -Συντήρηση Φορητών Εικόνων: Παναγία η Επισκοπιανή comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Οι διαλέξεις αυτές περιείχαν ποικίλα θέματα τα οποία interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, το theof phenomenon is dueof toενδιαφέροντος, a trend of a new of socialσε groups διευρύνουν γεωγραφικό πεδίο απευθύνονταν ένα to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money ευρύτερο κοινό πέρα από μαθησιακό, είχαν επιμορφωτικό χαρακτήρα and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the και 1. ανέδειξαν πτυχές του πολιτισμού λιγότερο γνωστές. termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In θέμα 1932 she published anκαι important study entitled: Το Διεθνές Σεμινάριο με «Θρησκεία Διαφωτισμός» services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for εστίασε σεresearch μιαof, σημαντική διάσταση για της με τις lower living cost “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and in Geneva, Prague, London and τη Newσχέση York she cameθρησκείας back to London, in According 1943 sheΔιαφωτισμού. published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the ιδέες του to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Φιλοδοξία του σεμιναρίου ήταν να εξελιχθεί σε έναν θεσμό που θα her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd.για London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: αποτελούσε κέντροetc., αναφοράς τη2009. συνεργασία ερευνητών που Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aπροέρχονταν variety of ways, order to achieve “assisted”,Με “voluntary”, (actually απόin την περιοχή τηςthe Μεσογείου. προσκεκλημένους 153 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

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έγκριτους επιστήμονες από σημαντικά εκπαιδευτικά ιδρύματα της Ελλάδας και του εξωτερικού, συζητήθηκαν ζητήματα σχετικά με τις θέσεις του κινήματος του Διαφωτισμού που αναπτύχθηκαν στη Σκωτία και η σχέση τους με τη θρησκεία. Η ομάδα εργασίας που διενέργησε μελέτη για τη φυσική και πολιτισμική κληρονομιά της Ζακύνθου και της Κεφαλονιάς παρήγαγε By Mr.την George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS πρωτότυπο έργο καθώς ανέδειξε αρχιτεκτονική πολιτισμική Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, κληρονομιά της Ζακύνθου μετά από την επιλογή μελέτης By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect αρχιτεκτονικών μνημείων με γνώμονα τοStudent γεγονός ότι τα μνημεία αυτά of the School of Architecture δεν είναι ευρέως γνωστά, αλλά έχουν υψηλή ιστορική Technicalσημαντικότητα University of Crete και παράλληλα υπάρχει ανάγκη περαιτέρω έρευνας και μελέτης τους, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept υπάρχει και η ανάγκη στις περισσότερες δε των περιπτώσεων 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, αποκατάστασής τους. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he leftτης us,πόλης he established a great the Στην ευρύτερη περιοχή της Ζακύνθου επιλέχθηκαν τα among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ακόλουθα: acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Η γέφυρα του Αργασίου, στα Βρυσάκια, η 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle”το inindicated aΥδραγωγείο first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Παναγία η Σκοπιώτισσα, το Αρχοντικό Μεσσαλά, ο Μύλος του Ρορού, η gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Βαρδιόλα στο Μικρό Νησί, οι λαξευτοί ληνοί. Στόχος του προγράμματος Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), social groups, usually ofάμεσο low-income andτα the placement of artists, ήταν ναofχρησιμοποιηθούν στο μέλλον στοιχεία τηςthere μελέτης σε the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever otherμε consequences has, results also rising prices (and the συνδυασμό νέες τεχνολογίες ώστε ναof land ενημερωθούν οιof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (andκαι the potential relative ενδιαφερόμενοι και τα μνημεία αυτά να τύχουν περαιτέρω έρευνας potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to μελέτης. The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trendΠροστασίας ofiswealthy buy property inΠολιτισμικής poor Το Τμήμα και totoΣυντήρησης the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves there and thus old residents areof Κληρονομιάς της Ζακύνθου, συνέχισε κανονικά καιthus αδιάλειπτα London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and old residentsτο are being indirectly “squeezed”. επιστημονικό του έργο ερευνώντας τους ναούς και τις μονές της being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Κεφαλονιάς καιofperiod, της Ζακύνθου. πρωταρχικός σκοπός ήτανmajor να A description this phenomenon isΟsituations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major εξεταστεί η αρχιτεκτονική του κάθε μνημείου και, με βάση τα ιστορικά cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue στην has scholars and its more στοιχεία, να ενταχθεί ιστορία καιseveral την παράδοση τηςforεκάστοτε Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various κοινότητας. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations theτα phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Οι ναοίofκαι μοναστήρια αποκτούν ιδιαίτερο χαρακτήρα όταν interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense,με theτην phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups συνδεθούν τοπική κοινωνία. Οι παραδόσεις που συνδέονται με to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money τα κτίρια δίνουν μια διαφορετική χροιά στα ίδια τα μνημεία. Στο and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the εσωτερικό φυλάσσονται σημαντικά έργα τέχνης. Οι εκκλησιαστικοί 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, search Berlin, where she made her firstπαράδοσης studies. In 1932του she published anείναι important study entitled: θησαυροί, τμήμα της τόπου, ανάγκη να services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for διαφυλαχθούν κληροδότημα για τις easier επόμενες γενιές, καθώς lower living cost of,ως “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. 1950 sheto became teacherκάτι in the αντιπροσωπεύουν συγκεκριμένες στιγμές τηςInιστορίας που πάντα to another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying μας διδάσκει. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, for the depreciation initially ofπολιτιστικού part of the urban web, in 10th edit. SONS AND Co Ltd. 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ΣεWil. μίαCOLLINS ακόμηetc., δράση για τηνLondon ανάδειξη του πλούτου Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aτων variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Ιονίων Νήσων προχώρησε τo Τμήμα Προστασίας και Συντήρησης

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Πολιτισμικής Κληρονομιάς του ΤΕΙ Ιονίων Νήσων στη Ζάκυνθο. Η δράση αφορούσε στην πρωτότυπη συλλογή πολιτιστικού υλικού σε ψηφιακή μορφή, που ήδη παρουσιάστηκε σε τοπικά σχολεία και η οποία διαρθρώθηκε με απλό και κατανοητό τρόπο, ώστε μελλοντικά να αποτελέσει το πρόπλασμα για μια εικονική ξενάγηση μέσω υπολογιστή στον πολιτισμό των δύο νησιών. By Mr. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Η μελέτη έγινε στο πλαίσιο τουGeorge-Sp. προγράμματος «Εκπαιδευτικές Harvard University, Graduate School of δράσεις για την ανάδειξη του πολιτιστικού πλούτουDesign, των Student, Ιονίων By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Νήσων». Θεωρώντας ως πολιτιστική κληρονομιά κάθε υλικό ή άυλο Student of the School of Architecture πνευματικό δημιούργημα, καθώς και τις Technical εκφράσεις καιof Crete τις University δραστηριότητες που αποτελούν μαρτυρίες πολιτισμού (από τη 1. Introductory approach: Defining concept μουσική, τους χορούς και τα έθιμα the μέχρι τους μύθους και τα δρώμενα), 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, σχεδιάστηκε και η the καταγραφή-μελέτη του πολιτισμικού περιβάλλοντος ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the των δύο γειτονικών νησιών του Ιονίου, Ζακύνθου και Κεφαλονιάς, για among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. την ανάδειξη της ιστορικής τους με έναν τρόπο που να acquisition of knowledge starts with theδιαδρομής, the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term συνομιλεί το παρόν. 1 (and Based, με therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification

1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various *Δράσεις με την Μουσικής, Sociology as well), as σχετικές the “refining” of a city area, the fromthere this, (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andΚατεύθυνση theremoval placement of ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Τεχνολογίας Ήχου, Ψηφιακών Μέσων the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has, results alsoκαι risingΜουσικών of land pricesΟργάνων (and theof Τοother Τμήμα Τεχνολογίας Ήχου whatever other consequences has, resultsμουσικής also rising με of land (and the potential relative speculation). διοργάνωσε εκδηλώσεις σύγχρονης τη prices υποστήριξη potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to προηγμένου εξοπλισμού ταat first οποία διαθέτει η Κατεύθυνση, The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor προβάλλοντας έτσι τον συνδυασμό μουσικής και τεχνολογίας πουof the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents are απαντάται στη σημερινή εποχή. Προσεγγίσεις της and σύγχρονης ηχητικής London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. τεχνολογίας όπως soundscapes, live electronics, βίντεο being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth αυτοσχεδιασμούς καιphenomenon ηχητικά καθώς καιinwere εικονικά A description ofperiod, this is situations included the work ofπεριβάλλοντα Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major αποτελούν καίριες δημιουργίες των φοιτητών του Τμήματος ενώ η cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then,μουσική the issueτεχνολογία, has several επεξεργασία scholars and for its και more δημιουργική η ψηφιακή ήχου η Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various οργανοχρησία αποτελούν επίκαιρα αντικείμενα μελέτης τα οποία comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: ερευνώνται στη σύγχρονη εποχή της ψηφιακής τέχνης και των interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, art. theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups multimedia to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Επιπλέον, η συμβολή της τεχνολογίας στο μουσικό χώρο έχει and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the εισάγει νέους τρόπους ακρόασης καιGLASS, εκ νέου προσέγγιση και εκτίμηση 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made herΤο firstτι studies. In 1932 she publishedδεν an important study entitled: του όρου «μουσική». ορίζεται ως μουσική οριοθετείται στη services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for σύγχρονη εποχή καθώς ο κάθε μουσικός ή she ερευνητής να lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York came to back toμπορεί London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the δημιουργήσει δική του μουσική παλέτα, προτείνοντας δεδομένα toτη another approach, the phenomenon is due a νέα systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying στο χώρο της μουσικής ακρόασης και επιτέλεσης. Η δημιουργία νέων her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London όπως 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: μορφών τέχνης μέσω της μουσικής το video art αποτελεί Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aπρωτοποριακή variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually βάση στην εκπαίδευση και εν τέλει διαμορφώνει τα

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

επίκαιρα καλλιτεχνικά και μουσικά δεδομένα. Τα μουσικά δρώμενα διαμορφώνονται βάσει του υποκειμενικού πλέον στοιχείου ή του στοιχείου της συνένωσης μιας συλλογικότητας η οποία αποδίδει με μοναδικό τρόπο την αποτύπωση μιας καλλιτεχνικής δημιουργίας. Η εκδήλωση σχετικά με το παραδοσιακό μουσικό όργανο του «άσκαυλου» που διοργανώθηκε από το Τμήμα Τεχνολογίας Ήχου και By Mr. σημασίας George-Sp.καθώς C. ATHANASOPOULOS Μουσικών Οργάνων κρίνεται ειδικής επαναφέρει το Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, ζήτημα της επιτέλεσης και απόδοσης της παραδοσιακής μουσικής By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect βάσει παρελθοντικών τακτικών. Ταυτόχρονα αναδεικνύει πτυχές του Student of the School of Architecture πολιτισμού των Επτανήσων οι οποίες είναι λιγότερο γνωστές στοofευρύ Technical University Crete κοινό. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Η Κοινωφελής Επιχείρηση Δήμου Κεφαλονιάς και το Τμήμα 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, BC, Athens), Τεχνολογίας Ήχουtheκαι Μουσικών Οργάνων (444 του BC ΤΕΙ- 370 Ιονίων Νήσων ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the διοργάνωσαν μουσική εκδήλωση για την πρώτη εμφάνιση της among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Ορχήστρας του Μουσικού του Τμήματος, στο Δημοτικό acquisition ofκαι knowledge starts withΣυνόλου theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Θέατρο «Ο“principle” ΚΕΦΑΛΟΣ» και 1 (and urban Based,Αργοστολίου therefore, on this inindicated a στις first, if14 notΔεκεμβρίου final, approach, theστο term gentrification) is (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Δημοτικό Θέατρο Ληξουρίου «ΤΟ ΜΑΡΚΑΤΟ» στις 15 Δεκεμβρίου gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various αντίστοιχα. Ο θεσμός της «ορχήστρας» προβάλλει την έννοια της Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, συλλογικότητας και αποτελούσε ανέκαθεν παραδοσιακό στοιχείο των the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other has, results rising ofστην land εδραίωση prices (andτου theof Επτανήσων. Η consequences εκδήλωση είχε στόχο ναalso βοηθήσει whatever other consequences has, results alsoτόσο rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). Μουσικού Τμήματος του ΤΕΙ Ιονίων Νήσων στην τοπική κοινωνία potential relative speculation). The term is found at first in theκρίνεται UK in early and it refers to όσο και σταgentrification Ιόνια Νησιά. Η Δράση αυτή ως 1960s πρωτότυπη γιατί The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor προάγει τον θεσμόtrend της «ορχήστρας», κάτιtoτοbuy οποίο έχει αναδειχθεί σε the then observed wealthy sometimes people in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves thereproperty and thus old residents areof πολύ λιγότερο βαθμό με άλλες μουσικές London, upgrade them, σε stayσχέση themselves sometimes thereεκδηλώσεις. and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Μια ξεχωριστή εκδήλωση με οπτικοακουστικά διοργάνωσε being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work έργα of Sociologist Ruth στηAΖάκυνθο το of Τμήμα Τεχνολογίας Ήχου και Μουσικών του description this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Οργάνων Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major ΤΕΙ Ιονίων Νήσων, στο πλαίσιο του έργου Οπτικοακουστική Οικολογία: cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, του the issue has several scholars for its more Αποτύπωση φυσικού περιβάλλοντος του Ιονίουand Πελάγους σε Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various μορφή Ψηφιακού Μουσείου Περιβαλλοντικής Εκπαίδευσης. Η ημερίδα comprehensivethe approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations phenomenon gentrification, following: ξεκίνησε με ofενημέρωση για ofτην ιδιαίτερηthe φύση του έργου της interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueτο togentrification, aοποίο trend συνίσταται of a new social groups Οπτικοακουστικής Οικολογίας, στηνof καταγραφή to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money των λεγόμενων «ηχοτοπίων», υπό την έννοια της διάσωσης του and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the φυσικού περιβάλλοντος μέσω παρακολούθησης τηςsearch διαχρονικής 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her περιβάλλοντος. first studies. In 1932Παράλληλα, she published an important study entitled: πορείας του ηχητικού έγινε η παρουσίαση services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for του καινοτόμου «ψηφιακής εμβύθισης» ως το lower living cost of, συστήματος “withdrawal” from private easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she cameΑRTE270, back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the κατ’ εξοχήν μέσο αναπαραγωγής της πολυκαναλικής πληροφορίας η to another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying οποία έχει συλλεχθεί κατά τη διάρκεια των καταγραφών που έγιναν her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: στο πλαίσιο της δράσης. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Συνεχίζεται.........

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Του κ. Ευσταθίου Β. ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΗ Concerns Φοιτητού Νομικής

ΖΗΤΗΜΑΤΑ ΑΠΟ ΤΗΝ ΕΦΑΡΜΟΓΗ ΤΟΥ ΚΛΕΙΣΘΕΝΗ

1. Η ιστορική διαδρομή των ΟΤΑ By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Η Τοπική Αυτοδιοίκηση (Τ.Α.) στην Ελλάδα εμφανίσθηκε ήδη από την εποχή Harvard University, Graduate School Design,οStudent, του Κλεισθένη το 508 π.χ. και αναγνωρίσθηκε ως θεσμός τωνofΔήμων, οποίος By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS διατηρήθηκε κατά την ρωμαϊκή εποχή και μετά την πτώση του Βυζαντίου καιArchitect κατά τη Student ofρόλο the School of Architecture διάρκεια του Τουρκοκρατίας διαδραμάτισε καθοριστικό στη διαφύλαξη του Technical University of Crete εθνικού χαρακτήρα του υπόδουλου Ελληνισμού. Η Τ.Α. καθιερώθηκε νομοθετικά με την πράξη του Όθωνα της 27ης Δεκεμβρίου 1833/8ης Ιανουαρίου 1834 «Περί 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept συστάσεως των Δήμων» και στη συνέχεια κατοχυρώθηκε συνταγματικά με το 1. Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, theσήμερα ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 370 BC, Athens), σύνταγμα του 1925 και προβλέπεται ως θεσμός καιBC ως -οργανωτικό σχήμα ANTISTHENIS, the Greek philosopher, (444 BC102, -“principle”: 370 Athens), among otherδιοίκησης wise heritage he left us, he established a great the της δημόσιας στηancient συνταγματική διάταξη του άρθρου η BC, οποία ορίζει among wise heritage he left us,definition he established a great the acquisition knowledge starts with the of the content of“principle”: concepts. στην παρ.other 1ofότι η διοίκηση των τοπικών υποθέσεων ανήκει στους οργανισμούς acquisition of knowledge starts withδεύτερου theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, onπρώτου this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης και βαθμού (αρχή της καθολικότητας), 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the που term χωρίς πλέον ονομαστική αναφορά στους δήμους και τις κοινότητες urban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area1of Planning) (or gentrification . συγκροτούσαν πριν από αναθεώρηση τουarea, 2001the τονremoval πρώτο βαθμό Sociology as well), as theτην “refining” of a city from this, (in various

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement 2. Οι σύγχρονες μεταρρυθμίσεις: από τον Καποδίστρια, στον ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Καλλικράτη και τον Κλεισθένη the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof Με τον ν. 2539/1997 (Σχέδιοhas, Καποδίστριας) πρώτος whatever other consequences results alsoαναμορφώθηκε rising of landριζικά pricesο (and the potential relative speculation). βαθμός τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης με την κατάργηση πλειόνων δήμων και κοινοτήτων potential relative speculation). gentrification foundκαι at first in the UK in με early and itδιαφόρων refers to καιThe την term 900 νέων isδήμων τη 1960s συνένωση Theσύσταση term gentrification iswealthy found at133 firstκοινοτήτων in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of people to buy property in poor 2 ΟΤΑ . Η εδαφική περιφέρεια των καταργούμενων ΟΤΑ αποτελεί υποδιαίρεση του the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof νέου ΟΤΑ και λέγεται δημοτικό ή κοινοτικό διαμέρισμα. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Αξιοποιώντας την εμπειρία του Σχεδίου «Καποδίστριας» με τον ν. 3852/2010 being indirectly “squeezed”. A descriptionεκofνέου this phenomenon included in the work Sociologist Ruth αναμορφώθηκε ο θεσμός τωνis ΟΤΑ εντείνοντας την of τάση συγκρότησης A description ofκαι thisισχυρότερων phenomenon is situations included inwere the work Sociologist Ruth 3. Ο GLASS at the same period, while similar recorded in other major νέοςofνόμος συνέστησε ευρύτερων εδαφικά διοικητικά Δήμων GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major 325 δήμους με την συνένωση δήμων και κοινοτήτων που είχαν συσταθεί με τον cities in Western countries, byτων other Researchers. 4. in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. ν.cities 2539/1997, ενώ οι κοινότητες καταργήθηκαν Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from 1 comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Α. Γέροντας, Διοικητικού Δικαίου, 2020, σελ. 439 Κωνστ. ΓΕ. Αθανασόπουλος, interpretations of Επιτομή the phenomenon of gentrification, theεπ. following: interpretations of the 153 phenomenon thecategory following: Διοικητικό Δίκαιο,the 2014, σελ. επόμ., για την of Τοπική Αυτοδιοίκηση άλλων Κρατών, of σελ.social 190 επόμ. In a2 sense, phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new groups Βλ. ΣτΕ 2239/1999 και 976/2000 για τη συνταγματικότητα του ν. 2539/1997. Κωνστ. ΓΕ. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Αθανασόπουλος, Περιφερειακή Διοίκηση και Τοπική Αυτοδιοίκηση, Ελλάδα, άλλες Χώρες Μέλη της Ε.Ε., and toεπόμ. travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 2010,time σελ. 92 3The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in sense1.of safety at the distributed residencies town centres, for better Βλ. Παπαδόπουλος/Ζυγούρης, Πρόγραμμα outside «Καλλικράτης» - Νέα search Αρχιτεκτονική της Berlin, where her first studies. In 2010, 1932 τ.1 she an important study entitled: Αυτοδιοίκησης καιshe τηςmade Αποκεντρωμένης Διοίκησης, , σ.published 47 επ. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth4 Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Για τη συνταγματικότητα του ν. 3852/2010 βλ. ΣτΕ 35-36/2013 και 37-40/2013 που έκριναν ότι η lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, ανασυγκρότηση των ΟΤΑ με τη μορφή της κατάργησης ή συνένωσής τους δεν αποτελεί τοπική υπόθεση, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is κεντρικής due aεξουσίας systematic and αλλά γενικότερης σημασίας ζήτημα, πουshe επιλύεται στο her επίπεδο τηςresearch. και για and τη University College of London, where continued social Her public action long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying ρύθμισή τους υπόψη τόσο τοfor γενικότερο δημόσιο και εθνικόENGLISH συμφέρονDICTIONARY. όσο και οι her work are λαμβάνονται characterized by a passion justice. See also: COLLINS and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in ιδιαίτερες συνθήκες των οικείων περιοχών και δεν London υφίσταται συνταγματική υποχρέωση να ζητείται, κατά 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: τη διαδικασία της διοικητικής αναδιάρθρωσης της ΤΑ, η προηγούμενη γνώμη των τυχόν θιγομένων G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually οργανισμών, των κατοίκων ή των εκλογέων τους (πρβλ. και ΣτΕ 1427-1430/1981, 3194/1990).

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Με τις διατάξεις του ν. 4555/2018 «Πρόγραμμα Κλεισθένης», κατατάσσονται, για πρώτη φορά, οι δήμοι της χώρας σε κατηγορίες, λαμβανομένων υπόψη των γεωμορφολογικών και γεωοικονομικών χαρακτηριστικών τους, του πληθυσμού τους, του βαθμού αστικοποίησης, της θέσης τους στο διοικητικό χάρτη της χώρας και του δυναμικού τους σε ανθρώπινους και υλικοτεχνικούς πόρους. Συγκεκριμένα, οι δήμοι της χώρας διακρίνονται, πλέον, στις εξής έξι κατηγορίες: α. Δήμοι Μητροπολιτικών Κέντρων, β. Μεγάλοι Ηπειρωτικοί Δήμοι και Πρωτεύουσες Νομών, γ. Μεσαίοι Ηπειρωτικοί Δήμοι, δ. Μικροί Ηπειρωτικοί καιGeorge-Sp. Μικροί Ορεινοί Δήμοι, ε. Μεγάλοι και By Mr. C. ATHANASOPOULOS 5. Οι κατηγορίες αυτές, Μεσαίοι Νησιωτικοί Δήμοι Harvard και στ. Μικροί Νησιωτικοί Δήμοι University, Graduate School of Design, Student, λαμβάνονται υποχρεωτικώς υπόψη για τονGeorge-Sp. καθορισμό C. των αρμοδιοτήτων των By Mr. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect δήμων, για την κατάρτιση των Οργανισμών Εσωτερικής Υπηρεσίας των Ο.Τ.Α. α΄ Student of the School of Architecture βαθμού, για την κατανομή των κεντρικών αυτοτελών πόρων (Κ.Α.Π.) καθώς και για Technical University of Crete την κατανομή και αξιοποίηση των πάσης φύσεως προγραμμάτων χρηματοδότησης των1.δήμων από εθνικούς ή ευρωπαϊκούς Introductory approach: Definingπόρους. the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the τα concept Η διαφοροποίηση των δήμων με βάση προρρηθέντα παρίσταται ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCκριτήρια - 370 BC, Athens), εύλογη καθώς η όμοιαthe οργανωτική, διοικητική και δημοσιονομική αντιμετώπιση, ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the περιοχών της Χώρας με ουσιωδώς ανόμοια χαρακτηριστικά, διακριτές ανάγκες και among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the διαφορετικές οργανωτικές και οικονομικές δυνατότητες, αναπαράγει και διαιωνίζει acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. therefore, this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term τις Based, ανισότητες μεταξύonτων γεωγραφικών περιοχών και των τοπικών διοικητικών 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification μονάδων και δημιουργεί το έδαφος για ένα ασύμμετρο και αναποτελεσματικό 1 (and urban gentrification gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various αναπτυξιακό πρότυπο.

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, 3. Η τοπική υπόθεση restaurants, ως θεμελιώδες κανονιστικό μέγεθος regardless του θεσμού the operation of art galleries, etc. However this “change”, of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless της ΤΑ – ο διάλογος νομολογίας και αναθεωρητικού νομοθέτη whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences results also αναφέρεται rising of land prices (and the Το relative αναθεωρημένο Σύνταγμαhas, (μετά το 2001), ρητά σε «τεκμήριο potential αρμοδιότητας για τη διοίκηση των τοπικών υποθέσεων» υπέρ των ΟΤΑ (άρθ. 102to § potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers 1). Η αόριστη νομική έννοια των «τοπικών υποθέσεων» προσδιορίζεται διττώς: αφ’ The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ενός βάσει του τοπικού συμφέροντος ενδιαφέροντος για κάθε the εδαφικά·αφετέρου, then observed trend of wealthy people to there buy και property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof 6. υπόθεση London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Οindirectly συντακτικός νομοθέτης επιχείρησε να υπερβεί τα εμπόδια που έθεσε η being “squeezed”. A description ofπαραδοσιακά this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth νομολογία, η οποία ερμήνευε στενά τον όρο «Κράτος» (ως το νομικό A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major πρόσωπο του Κράτους, ήτοι το stricto sensu Δημόσιο) και κατ’ επανάληψη απεφάνθη GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western by otherαπό Researchers. ότι υποθέσεις πουcountries, χαρακτηρίζονται το Σύνταγμα ως αποστολή του Κράτους (λ.χ. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has scholars for its more η ρύθμιση πολεοδομικών ζητημάτων ή τηςseveral εκπαίδευσης) δενand επιτρέπεται να Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the αναλαμβάνονται από τους ΟΤΑ. comprehensive approach are being summarized from various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: Ως αντίδραση στην ανατροπή των σχεδίων του κοινού νομοθέτη γιαthe μεταφορά interpretations of the gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is dueof toμετά a trend a new of social groups αρμοδιοτήτων στην ΤΑ,phenomenon το Σύνταγμα το of 2001: α)category Εξουσιοδοτεί ρητά τον νομοθέτη να καθορίσει «το εύρος και τις κατηγορίες» των τοπικών υποθέσεων, to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money καθώς την κατανομή τους στους επί μέρους βαθμούς»·β) τη and time«και to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work placeΠροβλέπει is, lack of the δυνατότητα να ανατίθεται στους ΟΤΑ «η άσκηση αρμοδιοτήτων που συνιστούν 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for betterin Berlin, where she made herΌταν first studies. 1932 she published study entitled: αποστολή Κράτους». οι ΟΤΑ In ασκούν δοτές τα όργανά τους services ofτου health, education, entertainment “at theαρμοδιότητες heartan ofimportant the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 5 άρθρο 2COLLINS του ν. 4555/2018. and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 6 Ν. Χλέπας σε Φ. Σπυρόπουλος/Ξ. Κοντιάδης/Χ. Ανθόπουλος/Γ. Γεραπετρίτης, Σύνταγμα, G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

λειτουργούν ως όργανα του νομικού προσώπου του κράτους και υπάγονται στους αντίστοιχους κανόνες («λειτουργικός διπλασιασμός»)7. Παραταύτα, το αναθεωρητικό εγχείρημα είχε περιορισμένη εμβέλεια, καθώς το κέντρο βάρους της καταδήλως διστακτικής έναντι της ανάθεσης ευθυνών και αρμοδιοτήτων στους ΟΤΑ νομολογίας μετατοπίστηκε από την διάκριση τοπικών και κρατικών υποθέσεων στο άρθρο 43 Συντ. Κατά τη νομολογιακή αυτή θέση, η «γενικότερη σημασία» μιας ρύθμισης, καθιστά επιτακτική την έκδοση προεδρικού διατάγματος (κατά το άρθ. 43 Συντ.)Byαναιρώντας τη δυνατότητα άσκησης της Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS αρμοδιότητας από τα αυτοδιοικητικά όργανα (που συνιστούν «άλλα όργανα της Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, διοίκησης», δυνάμενα να επιληφθούνByμόνον ειδικότερων, τοπικών, τεχνικών ή Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect λεπτομερειακών θεμάτων)8. Student of the School of Architecture Στο πλαίσιο της ερμηνείας του άρθρου 43 Συντ.Technical έχει κριθεί συναφώς ότι University of Crete θέματα σχετικά με την προστασία του φυσικού και πολιτιστικού περιβάλλοντος δεν έχουν τοπικό χαρακτήρα. έχει τοπικό χαρακτήρα η έγκριση 1. Introductory approach:Ομοίως, Definingδεν the concept 9. Δεν 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept πολεοδομικών σχεδίων, εκτός εάν πρόκειται για εντοπισμένες ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCτροποποιήσεις - 370 BC, Athens), έχουν επίσης τοπικό the χαρακτήρα η ίδρυση, η κατάργηση η συγχώνευση ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCή-“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise10heritage he left us, he established a great the . περισσοτέρων ΟΤΑ among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the

acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” aως first, if of not final, approach, the term 4. Ασαφής κατανομή αρμοδιοτήτων παράγων ανασφάλειας δικαίου. 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the του term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Βασικός 1κανόνας της κατανομής αρμοδιοτήτων, κατά την παγία θέση gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) 11 Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ή ΣτΕ , είναι ο σαφής καταμερισμός των αρμοδιοτήτων, κατά τρόπο ώστε η αυτή (or Sociology as well), as να the “refining” ofμία a city area, fromthere this, (inartists, various ways), of αρμοδιότητα social groups, usually of από low-income and the placement of συναφής ασκείται μόνο καιthe όχιremoval περισσότερες υπηρεσίες. Σε 12. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, διαφορετική περίπτωση επέρχεται σύγχυση αρμοδιοτήτων και δυσλειτουργία the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless Πρόκειται για κανόνα γενικεύσιμο τόσο εντός του αυτού Οργανισμού, όσο μεταξύ whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the των διαφορετικών επιπέδων διοίκησης. potential relative Το πρόβλημα της ασαφούς αρμοδιοτήτων τωνit βασικών potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is foundκατανομής at first in the UK in early μεταξύ 1960s and refers to φορέων της Διοίκησης (Κεντρικής Διοίκησης και Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης) The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s andδημιουργεί itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor σύγχυση, εξαφανίζει την ευθύνη, καλλιεργεί την to αδράνεια-αδιαφορία, και εν τέλει the then observed trend of wealthy people buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof καταλήγει σε κακοδιοίκηση και αναποτελεσματικότητα. Τις δυσμενείς συνέπειες London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. υφίσταται κατ’ ανάγκη ο πολίτης, χάριν του οποίου (οφείλει να) ενεργεί η διοίκηση. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major 7 Ν. Χλέπας, «Λειτουργική Επέκταση και Οργανωτικός Κατακερματισμός; Οι αρμοδιότητες GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. των ΟΤΑin και οι τρέχουσες τάσεις για την μετάθεσή τους σε άλλους φορείς», σε: του Ίδιου (Επιμ.), cities Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars andγια forτην its more Προοπτικές της Τοπικής Δημοκρατίας. Ένας ελληνογερμανικός διάλογοςand Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars for various itsτοπική more comprehensive approach are being summarized from the αυτοδιοίκηση, 1998, 190 επ. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various 8 interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, the following: Βλ. Ολ ΣτΕ of 3665/2005. Πρβλ. για τηνofκατάρτιση πολεοδομικών σχεδίων που «είναι δυνατόν interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups να θίξουν ευαίσθητα στοιχεία του περιβάλλοντος ή που αφορούνthe παραδοσιακούς οικισμούς» ΣτΕ 552/2000. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money 9 ΣτΕtoΟλ 38/2013, 1732, 2101, 4065/2012, 2381, 4619/2011, Ολ and time travel from1731, the purlieus to 2102, downtown, where work place is,843/2009, lack of the 3661/2005: «…σύμφωνα με τις διατάξεις του άρθρου 24 του Συντάγματος, η έγκριση και 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for betterin τροποποίηση των πολεοδομικών σχεδίων οποιασδήποτε και θέσπιση study με ρυθμίσεις Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she κλίμακας, an important entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at published the heart ofηthe city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. same year she Germany δεν and μπορεί after continuous κανονιστικού χαρακτήρα The πάσης φύσεως όρωνleftδομήσεως, να θεωρηθεί ειδικότεροfor lower living cost of,του “withdrawal” from private access to markets, etc.where studies and in Geneva, Prague, and car Neweasier York came back to London, θέμα, κατά τηνresearch έννοια άρθρου 43 παρ. 2London του Συντάγματος ούτεshe θέμα τοπικού ενδιαφέροντος ή in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher in the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and τεχνικού ή λεπτομερειακού χαρακτήρα. Συνεπώς οι ρυθμίσεις αυτές πρέπει να επιβάλλονται μόνον University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying με την έκδοση προεδρικού διατάγματος…» her work 10 are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. ΣτΕWil. Ολ 38/2013. and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 11 Επ’ αφορμή ιδίως της επεξεργασίας Οργανισμών. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 12 Βλ. ενδ. ΣτΕ ΠΕ 160/2017 (Οργανισμός Υπουργείου Εσωτερικών).

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Ενδεικτικά, οι αρμοδιότητες, για τις οδούς του λεκανοπεδίου Αττικής, έχουν καθοριστεί με τον ν. 3155/1955, σύμφωνα με τον οποίο 48 οδοί συνολικού μήκους 77 χλμ ανήκαν στη Νομαρχία Αθηνών, ενώ οι άλλοι μοιράζονταν μεταξύ (πρώην) Υπουργείου Δημοσίων Έργων (λεωφόροι Πανεπιστημίου και Σταδίου), το οποίο έχει και την συντήρηση των παρτεριών με πράσινο καθώς και τα φανάρια και του δήμου, ο οποίος έχει την αρμοδιότητα γενικά και για τα πεζοδρόμια. Ομοίως, για το υπόλοιπο οδικό δίκτυο της χώρας, των 40.000 χλμ, η κατάσταση είναι εξίσου περίπλοκη. Πέραν των εθνικών οδών που κατά κανόναByανήκουν στο πρώην Υπουργείο Δημοσίων Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Έργων, του περιφερειακού Harvard οδικού δικτύου που ανήκει στην Περιφέρεια, του Student, τοπικού University, Graduate School of Design, οδικού δικτύου και του μη χαρακτηρισμένου οδικού δικτύου, που ανήκει στους By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Δήμους, ταυτόχρονη αρμοδιότητα έχει και η Τροχαία για τις πινακίδες τροχαίας Student of the School of Architecture κίνησης. Όσο για το πράσινο, τα πράγματα είναι ακόμη πιο περίπλοκα. Αν βρίσκεται Technical University of Crete στη νησίδα, η συντήρησή του ανήκει στον -συχνά άγνωστο- φορέα του δρόμου. Αν είναι πεζοδρόμιο, approach: κατοχυρώνεται στον the αρμόδιο δήμο 13. 1. σε Introductory Defining concept 1. Η Introductory approach: the concept σύγχυση επιτείνεται εκDefining του κανόνος κατανομής του ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 των BC -αρμοδιοτήτων 370 BC, Athens), άρθρου 7 παρ. 2, 3 ν. the 3481/2006 συμφώνως προς το οποίο: «2.- Με απόφαση ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: του the Υπουργού Περιβάλλοντος, Χωροταξίας και Δημόσιων Εργων καθορίζονται οι οδοί του among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Νομού Αττικής έχουν πρωτεύουσα για τηνof κυκλοφορία των και acquisition ofπου knowledge starts withσημασία theindefinition the content ofοχημάτων concepts. therefore, on this “principle” a first, ifπου not final, approach, the term τα Based, ολοκληρωμένα τμήματα των αυτοκινητοδρόμων ανήκουν στην αρμοδιότητα 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is in a first, if (in not final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification των υπηρεσιών(and τηςurban Γενικής Γραμματείαςindicated Δημόσιων the Εργων του Υπουργείου 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various Περιβάλλοντος, Χωροταξίας και Δημόσιων Εργων. 3. Με αποφάσεις των κατά τόπους Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually των of low-income placement there of artists, αρμόδιων Γενικών Γραμματέων Περιφερειώνand τηςthe Χώρας (ήδη Αποκεντρωμένων ways), of social groups, usually of υπόψη low-income and thethis placement there of 2artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of Διοικήσεων), οι οποίες λαμβάνουν την απόφαση της παραγράφου και the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has, results rising land prices (andστην theof εκδίδονται other εντός έξι (6) μηνών από την έναρξηalso ισχύος τηςofκαι δημοσιεύονται whatever other consequences has, results alsoπου rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). Εφημερίδα της Κυβερνήσεως, καθορίζονται οι οδοί ανήκουν στην αρμοδιότητα potential relative speculation). συντήρησης των υπηρεσιών της at οικείας και1960s των and Νομαρχιακών The term gentrification is found first in Περιφέρειας the UK in early it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in earlyδημόσιων 1960s andοδών itareas refers Αυτοδιοικήσεων. Αρμόδιοι συντήρηση όλων των υπόλοιπων είναι the then observed trendπρος ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto then observed trend of wealthy people buy property in περιφέρειας». poor areas οιthe δήμοι και οι κοινότητες, ο καθένας μέσαsometimes στα όριαtoτης διοικητικής London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and thusτου old residents areof Κατόπιν αυτών, η αναζήτηση αρμοδίου φορέα γιαthere κάθεand δρόμο έργο London, upgrade them, stay του themselves sometimes thusκαθίσταται old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. σισύφειο. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth δεν phenomenon περιορίζονται στην καθ’ ύλην αρμοδιότητα· AΤα description ofperiod, this is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS atπροβλήματα the same while similar recorded inεπεκτείνονται other major και στην τοπική αρμοδιότητα πλειόνων ΟΤΑ. Ενδεικτική, αλλά εύλγωττη είναι η GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. περίπτωση των Λιμενικών Ταμείων. Συναφώς, κρίθηκε από το ΣτΕ ότι πρέπει cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more απαραιτήτως να the ρυθμισθεί η τύχη του Λιμενικού Ταμείου Ν. Φωκίδας και του Since then, issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from Δημοτικού Λιμενικού Ταμείου Γαλαξιδίου, τα οποία ενδείκνυται να ενοποιηθούν σε comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, theοριζόμενα following: ένα Δημοτικό Λιμενικό Ταμείο Δελφών, σύμφωνα με τα στο άρθρο 103 interpretations the phenomenon the following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups παράγρ. 1 περίπτ. β΄ του ν. 3852/2010, δεδομένου ότιcategory η διατήρησή τους, που to “return” toκίνδυνο the city, σύγχυσης leaving theαρμοδιοτήτων, purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money συνεπάγεται αύξηση λειτουργικών εξόδων και and time to travel from προσωπικού, the purlieus toδεν downtown, place lackπνεύμα of the απασχόληση επιπλέον συνάδει where με το work γράμμα καιis, το termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and 13 long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Βλ. Κωνσταντίνου Παπαδημητρίου, Η κατανομή αρμοδιοτήτων μεταξύ κεντρικής her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. διοίκησης τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης, από οργανωτική, διοικητική καιpart πολιτική σκοπιά, 2014 σελ. and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of of the urban web, in 10th edit.και Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 8. Βλ. επίσης την έρευνα της Χαράς Τζαναβάρα στην εφημερίδα Ελευθεροτυπία, 28-2-2007 με G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

κειμένων διατάξεων και δεν είναι ορθολογική, εν όψει μάλιστα της δυσχερούς δημοσιονομικής καταστάσεως στην οποία ευρίσκεται η χώρα14. Η διαιώνιση του ανωτέρω οργανωτικο-θεσμικού προβλήματος, που αδρομερώς μόνον σκιαγραφήθηκε ανωτέρω, αναδεικνύει την ευθύνη του πολιτικοδιοικητικού συστήματος εξουσίας που προτιμά να αναπαράγει μια ανορθολογική πραγματικότητα σε βάρος της ποιότητας της δημόσιας διοίκησης και εν τέλει της δημοκρατίας15.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS 5. Η μεταρρύθμιση του Κλεισθένη – μακροσκοπική θεώρηση Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Ο ν. 4555/2018 επιφέρει, κατά την πρόθεση του ιστορικού νομοθέτη, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect σημαντικές τομές στην κατηγοριοποίηση τωνStudent δήμων,of the στοSchool εκλογικό σύστημα of Architecture ανάδειξης των δημοτικών και των περιφερειακών αυτοδιοικητικών αρχών, στο Technical University of Crete σύστημα διοίκησης των Ο.Τ.Α., στην εποπτεία των Ο.Τ.Α., στην εισαγωγή θεσμών άμεσης συμμετοχής και δημοκρατικής έκφρασης των πολιτών μέσα από δημοτικά και 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept περιφερειακά δημοψηφίσματα, αλλά και θεσμών δημοτικής ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -και 370περιφερειακής BC, Athens), διαμεσολάβησης, στην αναπτυξιακή δράση philosopher, και την οικονομική λειτουργία τωνAthens), Ο.Τ.Α., ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek (444 BC 370 BC, among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the αλλά και στην οργάνωση και τον σχεδιασμό της κατανομής αρμοδιοτήτων και among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the διαδικασιών, ανάμεσα στην κρατική διοίκηση (κεντρική και αποκεντρωμένη) και την acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 16. αυτοδιοίκηση 1

Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various 6. Το εκλογικό σύστημα – θεμελιώδης αδυναμία του νέου συστήματος. Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement Μία από τις εξαγγελθείσες τομές του area, συστήματος «Κλεισθένης» υπήρξε η ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, However thisεκλογές, “change”, of καθιέρωση της απλής αναλογικής στις etc. αυτοδιοικητικές μεregardless παράλληλη the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof διατήρηση της άμεσης εκλογής του Δημάρχου. whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relativeγια speculation). Πρόκειται ατυχή επιλογή τόσο σε επίπεδο αρχής όσο και σε επίπεδο potential relative speculation). αποτελέσματος και αποτελεσματικότητας. νέο σύστημα, το ότι The term gentrification is found at firstΕπί in της the αρχής UK inτο early 1960s andπαρά it refers to The term found atpeople first the UK in early 1960s andσε itareas refers εδράζεται καθ’gentrification υπόθεσιν ισότητα της in ψήφου, καταλήγει ενinτέλει πλήρη the then observed trendστην ofiswealthy to buy property poor ofto the then observed trend of wealthy peopleγίνονται to there buy καθοριστικές. property in poor areas ανισοδυναμία ψήφου: οιstay ψήφοι της μειοψηφίας Οι αρνητικές London, upgrade them, themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof επιπτώσεις γίνονται, ιδίως εμφανείς στο επίπεδο πρακτικής London, upgrade them,όμως, stay themselves sometimes there and thusτης old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. (αν)αποτελεσματικότητας. Δήμαρχοι μειοψηφίας, έλλειψη συμπαγούς πλειοψηφίας, being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth αδυναμία αποφάσεων και similar εν τέλει ακυβερνησία και of μόνιμη αστάθεια· A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work Sociologist Ruth GLASS at λήψης the same while in other major αδυναμία εφαρμογής του προγράμματος του Δημάρχου· διάλυση των δημοτικών GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. παρατάξεων· συγκρότηση ευκαιριακών συμμαχιών· ενίσχυση φυγόκεντρων τάσεων, cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issueεπικίνδυνες has several scholars and for its more αποτελούν όλα εν δυνάμει συνέπειες του νέου scholars συστήματος. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from Ενόψει του κινδύνου αποδυνάμωσης της διοίκησηςbelow, των δήμων, ο νεότερος comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, following: νομοθέτης επιδίωξε την άμβλυνση των συνεπειών τουthe νέου εκλογικού συστήματος, interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of τη social groups πουInεφαρμόστηκε στις αυτοδιοικητικές εκλογές του 2019, ιδίως με μεταφορά to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in sense1.of 14 safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better Επεξεργασία διατάγματος «Μεταφορά Berlin, ΣτΕ whereΠΕ she173/2016 made her first studies. Inσχεδίου 1932 sheπροεδρικού an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at published the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The Ταμείου same year she left Germany continuous αρμοδιοτήτων του Λιμενικού Νομού Φωκίδας στο and Δήμοafter Δωρίδος Νομού Φωκίδας καιfor lower living cost of,επωνυμία “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and NewΔωρίδος”. York she came to back to London, σύσταση ΝΠΔΔ με την "Δημοτικό Λιμενικό Ταμείο 15 she published in According 1943 studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and Bλ. σχετικά Κωνσταντίνου Παπαδημητρίου, Η κατανομή αρμοδιοτήτων μεταξύ κεντρικής University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying διοίκησης και τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης, από οργανωτική, διοικητική και πολιτική σκοπιά, δ.δ., 2014, her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. passim. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 16 Αιτιολογική Έκθεση προς τη Βουλή των Ελλήνων του σχεδίου νόμου του Προγράμματος G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Κλεισθένης Ι, σ. 1.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Types of intervention, Concerns of 7. Definition, Η μεταρρύθμιση που δεν έγινεGentrification Μεγαλύτερη ίσως σημασία από την κριτική για το εκλογικό σύστημα και άλλες Concerns επιμέρους διατάξεις του ν. 4555/2018 (όπως η επίταση της κρατικής εποπτείας, και η αρμοδιοτήτων σε άλλα όργανα του δήμου, πρωτίστως την οικονομική επιτροπή, όπου η δημοτική παράταξη του Δημάρχου διαθέτει πλειοψηφία 17.

καταστατική θέση των αιρετών) έχουν οι παραλείψεις του, που θα έπρεπε να αποτελούν προτάγματα στη σύγχρονη αυτοδιοίκηση: By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS  Κατανομή αρμοδιοτήτων με βάση την αρχή της επικουρικότητας και της Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, εγγύτητας, ώστε οι αποφάσεις να λαμβάνονται όσο το C. δυνατόν πιο κοντά στον By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect πολίτη. Student of the School of Architecture  Αποσαφήνιση αρμοδιοτήτων και άρση επικαλύψεων, προς εμπέδωση Technical University of Crete ασφάλειας δικαίου.  Ισχυρή διοικητικά καιDefining οργανωτικά τοπική αυτοδιοίκηση, με ισχυρούς 1. Introductory approach: the concept θεσμούς, επαρκή διοικητική υποστήριξη και εν τοις πράγμασιν οικονομική 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), αυτοτέλεια. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the  Ανάδειξη του ιδιαίτερου ρόλου της ΤΑ στην προαγωγή του κοινωνικού among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the κράτους. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, onτων this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Η εμπραγμάτωση στόχων αυτών θα μπορούσε να επιτευχθεί με τις κάτωθι 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification μεταρρυθμιστικές τομές: 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Πρώτον, με πραγματική -και όχι κόλουρη- en bloc αποκέντρωση και Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, μεταφορά πόρων και αρμοδιοτήτων. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andαυτοδιοίκησης thethis placement there of artists, the operation ofμε art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of Δεύτερον, την ανάληψη ηγετικού ρόλου της στην κοινωνική the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever has, results also rising land prices theof πολιτική other και τοconsequences κράτος πρόνοιας. Πρακτικώς, τούτοofσημαίνει ότι (and οι δομές whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the πρόνοιας όπως και όλες οι προνοιακές πολιτικές, όπως το ελάχιστο εγγυημένο potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). εισόδημα, πρέπει να μεταβιβαστούν όλους1960s τους and απαραίτητους The term gentrification is found atστους first inΔήμους the UKμε in early it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto πόρους. the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy people buy property in poor areas Τρίτον, με την ανάθεση της ευθύνης τουtoπεριφερειακού στην London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thusσχεδιασμού old residents areof Περιφέρεια, ώστε“squeezed”. ναthem, καταστεί της παραγωγικής ανασυγκρότησης. London, upgrade stay μοχλός themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly Τέταρτον, με this τηνphenomenon υλοποίηση isτων προγραμμάτων και being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of included in the work ofκατάρτισης Sociologist Ruth απασχόλησης από τις περιφέρειες και τους δήμους, καθώς γνωρίζουν τις τοπικές A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major ανάγκες και GLASS at προτεραιότητες. the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. Πέμπτον, με countries, την δημιουργία έξυπνων πόλεων, που χρησιμοποιούν τις νέες cities in Western by other Researchers. Since then, the issue hasτην preoccupied several scholars and forοικολογικό its more τεχνολογίες για να βελτιώσουν ποιότητα ζωής των δημοτών με θετικό Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from αντίκτυπο, σύμφωνα με τη συνταγματική αρχή της αειφορίας. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Έκτον, με of τηνthe αναβάθμιση του ρόλου της αυτοδιοίκησης στην εκπαίδευση, όχι interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In στο a sense, theof phenomenon is dueδομών togentrification, a trend of a εκπαίδευσης, new of social μόνο πλαίσιο των υπαρχουσών τυπικής αλλά και groups με την to “return” toμηtheτυπικών city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money καλλιέργεια μορφών εκπαίδευσης με βάση τις τοπικές ανάγκες και and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the ιδιαιτερότητες. termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and 17 long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Το σχετικό άρθρο 72 ν. 3852/2010 τροποποιήθηκε διαδοχικά με το άρθρο 3 her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Ν.4623/2019,ΦΕΚ Α 134,τοetc., άρθρο 10the Ν.4625/2019,ΦΕΚ Αinitially 139,WIKIPEDIA: το άρθρο Ν.4635/2019,ΦΕΚ Α and selling realCOLLINS estate, for depreciation of part177 of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. The Free Encyclopedia: 167,το άρθρο 10 παρ.4 Ν.4674/2020,ΦΕΚ Α 53 και εν συνεχεία αντικαταστάθηκε με το άρθρο 40 G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

8. Συμπερασματική τοποθέτηση Η ΤΑ αποτελεί διοικητικό θεσμό μείζονος σημασίας α) διότι ευρίσκεται εγγύτερα στον πολίτη από κάθε άλλο κρατικό θεσμό, με αποτέλεσμα να είναι πρόσφορη για την εισαγωγή δημοκρατικών θεσμών και θεσμών συμμετοχής σε τοπικό επίπεδο· β) τα όργανά της έχουν γνώση των τοπικών ιδιαιτεροτήτων και αναγκών, με αποτέλεσμα να είναι κατάλληλο όχημα υποστασιοποίησης της κοινωνικής πολιτικής και της κοινωνικής προστασίας· και γ) γνωρίζει τα τοπικά πλεονεκτήματα και τις συνθήκες της με αποτέλεσμα να δύναται να By αγοράς, Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS λειτουργήσει ως μοχλός βιώσιμης ανάπτυξης. Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Παρά τα μεμονωμένα θετικάBy χαρακτηριστικά των μεταρρυθμιστικών Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect προσπαθειών, ιδίως του πρόσφατου Προγράμματος Κλεισθένης, η of Πολιτεία δεν Student of the School Architecture κατόρθωσε μέχρι σήμερα να παράσχει τα αναγκαία θεσμικά εργαλεία, ώστε η ΤΑ να Technical University of Crete φανεί αντάξια της ιστορικής της κληρονομιάς , των προσδοκιών των πολιτών και των αναγκών της χώρας.approach: Η θεσμική αναβάπτιση της αυτοδιοίκησης, υπό το φως των 1. Introductory Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept επιταγών του Συντάγματος και του διεθνούς δικαίου Χάρτη ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher,(ιδίως (444 του BC -Ευρωπαϊκού 370 BC, Athens), Τοπικής Αυτονομίας) για πραγματική οικονομική αυτοτέλεια και μεταβίβαση ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the αρμοδιοτήτων και heritage πόρων σύμφωνα μεheτην αρχή τηςa great εγγύτητας, αποτελεί among other wise leftthe us,definition established acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content of“principle”: concepts. the μονόδρομο ώστε η ΤΑ να αξιοποιήσει την εγγενή της δυναμική και of να concepts. στηρίξει την acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term εθνική προσπάθεια παραγωγικής ανασυγκρότησης. 1

Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement Βιβλιογραφία: ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However thisεν “change”, regardless of Γ. Αγγελοπούλου, Περί της αυτοδιοικήσεως εν Ελλάδι, συγκρίσει προς artists, τα εν the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has, results also of land prices (and theof Γαλλία καιother Αγγλία, 1879. Η λαϊκή δικαιοσύνη και rising η αυτοδιοίκηση στην ελεύθερη whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). Ελλάδα, έκδοση 1943/1944 (ανατύπωση). potential relative speculation). ΓΕ. Αθανασόπουλου, Διοικητικό Του1960s Ίδιου,and Περιφερειακή TheΚωνστ. term gentrification is found at first inΔίκαιο, the UK2014. in early it refers to The term gentrification foundτης atpeople first in the UK Β΄. in early 1960s and itareas refersofto Διοίκηση: Ελλάδα, άλλες Χώρες Μέλη Ε.Ε., 2010, the then observed trend ofiswealthy to τομ. buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas Δ. Ζέπου, Λαϊκή δικαιοσύνη, 1945 (1986). London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof Κ. Παπαδοπούλου, ελληνική ΤΑ. Η ιστορική τηςthere εξέλιξις, 1947/2, 166. are London, upgrade them,Ηstay themselves sometimes andΤΑ, thus old residents being indirectly “squeezed”. Κ.indirectly Γεραγά, Σελίδες την διοικητικήν ιστορίαν 13, 76.Ruth being “squeezed”. A description of thisαπό phenomenon is included in της theΕλλάδος, work of 1948, Sociologist Μ. Στασινοπούλου, Η ΤΑ εν Ελλάδι, σε του ίδιου, Νομικαί Μελέται, 1972,major 182, A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other 182. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Μ. - Β. Ανδρονοπούλου, Αποκέντρωσις-Αυτοδιοίκησις, 1974. cities in Μαθιουδάκι Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and forΕΤΑ, its more Π. Παπαγαρυφάλλου, Αι καταβολαί του θεσμού τηςscholars ΤΑ εν Ελλάδι..., Since then, the issue has preoccupied several andthe for various its1974, more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from 10. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the Συμβολή phenomenon ofανωτέραν gentrification, theΤΑ, following: Κ. Κατσαδώρου, εις την βαθμίδα 1978. interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In aΕ.sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups Βελώνια, Η τοπική και περιφερειακή αυτοδιοίκηση στις Χώρες της δυτικής to “return” to the city,4/1980, leaving45, the5/1981, purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Ευρώπης, Διοικ. Μετ., 41. and time to travel from theΔΚΚ, purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Θ. Θεοδώρου, Ο νέος ΕΕΝ, 1981, 649. The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for was born sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Γ. Κοντογιώργη, Κοινωνική δυναμική και πολιτική αυτοδιοίκηση (Οιbetter ελλ.in Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Κοινότητες τουρκοκρατίας), 1982. services of επί health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Θ. Παπαθανασοπούλου, Λαϊκό δημόσιο δίκαιο 1982. lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car New(1941-45), York she came back to London, Χ. Κλειώση, Ιστορία της ΤΑ, 1983. Δ. Νικολακάκη, ΤΑ μέσα από το teacher νομοθετικό in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. InΗ1950 sheto became in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and έργο της Αντιβασιλείας (ΕπΕπετ Αρμεν, 19/1998, 15). long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized a passion for See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Γ. Δημακόπουλου, Ηby θεμελίωσις τουjustice. δημοτικού συστήματος 1833-1834, 2001. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Ε. Μπέσιλα-Βήκα, Τοπική Αυτοδιοίκηση, Ι, 2004, 187. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete Κ. Ρέμελη, Προβλήματα Αρμοδιοτήτων των Οργανισμών approach: Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης , 1. Introductory Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Νομικές Μελέτες Ν. 2. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, Γ. Σωτηρέλης the Η ancient μεταρρύθμιση της ANTISTHENIS, Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης. Προκλήσεις και among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the προοπτικέςof knowledge μετά την συνταγματική acquisition starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term αναθεώρηση, Προσκήνιο Άγγελος 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification Σιδεράτος, 2002· 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Α. Τάχου, Ιδιοκτησία ΝΠΔΔ και ΟΤΑ Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement Ιδιωτική ιδιοκτησία ΟΤΑ - Μεταβίβαση σεarea, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, theΟργαν. operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Αποχέτευσης Θεσ/νίκης, σε ΕλλΔνη the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever 2/1993 other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results potential Θ.relative Τσάτσου Η τοπική αυτοδιοίκησις εν also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). Ελλάδι, ΕΤΑgentrification 1933.3 επ.· is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term TheΣ.term gentrification found atέννοιες first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto Φλογαΐτη, Θεμελιώδεις the then observed trend ofiswealthy people to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy people buy property in poor areas διοικητικής οργανώσεως, 1982, ο ίδιος, Το to there London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof Ελληνικό Διοικητικό Σύστημα, 1987· London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Ν. Χλέπα, “squeezed”. Η Αυτοδιοίκηση. being indirectly A description ofΠολυβάθμια this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Θεωρητικές αναζητήσεις και θεσμικές A description of this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar in other major μεταμορφώσεις, 1994. while Του similar Ίδιου, GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Λειτουργική Επέκταση και Οργανωτικός cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Κατακερματισμός; Οι αρμοδιότητες των ΟΤΑ several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various και οι τρέχουσες approach τάσεις γιαare τηνbeing μετάθεσή comprehensive summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: τους σε άλλους φορείς, σε: του ίδιου (Επιμ.), interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, the is dueof togentrification, aΈνας trend of a new of social groups Προοπτικές της phenomenon Τοπικής Δημοκρατίας. toελληνογερμανικός “return” to the city, leaving the for several reasons: high costs in money διάλογος για purlieus την τοπική and time to travel1998.183 from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the αυτοδιοίκηση, επ., Του Ίδιου, 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the residencies outside town centres, Αποκέντρωση και distributed Αυτοδιοίκηση μετά GLASS, τη Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: συνταγματική αναθεώρηση, σε: Ξ. Κόντι,“at the heart of the city”, (possibly) services of health, education, entertainment Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Πέντε χρόνια μετά τη συνταγματική lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, αναθεώρηση 2001. Αποτίμηση και in 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the According toτου another approach, the is due a systematic and University College where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and προτάσεις για of London, μια νέα συνταγματική long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. μεταρρύθμιση, Τόμ. Β’, 2006, επ.for justice. See and selling real estate, etc., for139 the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia:

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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ЕВГЕНИЯ МАРИА АФАНАСОПУЛУ

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept [Ευγενία-Μαρία ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ] 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the ,, Краткое содержание acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first,Выводы” if of not final, approach, the term 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various была продолжением личности Скрябина.Через это Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of«Мистериа» social groups, usually of low-income and theremoval placement произведении композитор попытался выразить свои философские ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation ofconsequences art galleries, etc.also However regardless взгляды иother поделиться ими restaurants, соhas, своей аудиторией. whatever results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). Вpotential «Предварительном Деиствии» Скрябин сделал попытку объяснить relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s itareas refersofto необъяснимое через музыкальное изображение женского иand мужского the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend people buy property in poor areas начала, идеи мифа «Эрос иwealthy Психея» в тоtoвремя какthus в «Божественной London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents being indirectly “squeezed”. Поэме» и «Поэме Экстаза» композитор пытался соединить музыку are и being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth поэзию. A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries,Деиствии» by other Researchers. В «Предварительном Скрябин может быть хочет выразить cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more отсутствие Эго и понятия времени. Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, following: он написал Затем вдохновленный древним мифом о « the Прометее» interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, aмифического trend of a new of social groups музыку, основанную на подвигах героя, чтобы воспеть to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high in money сили и подвиги человеческои сущности которые могли быcosts приблизить and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the человека к божественному началу. termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Композитор выразил свои идеи музыкальные Youth Unemployment. The same yearфилософские she left Germany and afterчерез continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, пометок Prague, London New York she came back London, мотивы поэтических и andкомментариев в toкасательно in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and динамичности Музыка Скрябина тесно переплетается с University informal College произведения. of London, where she continued her social research. Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her философскими work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. его идеями. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Что касается работы пад Types «Мистерией» и её составными частями Definition, of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification важную роль сыграли философские тексты в духе того времени, оказавшие огромное влияниеConcerns на композитора. Символизм, теософия, эсхатология как характерная черта эпохи, By составляли Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS западная и индийская философия идейную и социальную Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, основу творчества композитора.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture к теургии через своё произведение. Он Technical University of Crete

Скрябин пытался приблизиться сам имелцель стать теургом и руководить действием в, «Мистерии». 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept

« Прометей» или approach: «Поэма Огня» этоthe сочинение выходящее за пределы 1. Introductory concept (444 ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), музыки через композитор намерем(444 на Athens), свою ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, among other wise которое heritage he left us, he established a повлиять great the аудиторию. among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the

acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Световая определяем философскую и of музыкальную 1 (and партитуры Based, строка therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is area Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban оснобу произведения. Но главной целью композитора было заставить gentrification gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various аудиторию переживать деиствие и участвовать в нём. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of Музыка выражает первоначальный хаос перед творением, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results alsoсознания, rising of land prices жизин, (and the рождением,болей мыслью, пробуждением радостью potential relative potential relative speculation). любовью,грустью долью The term gentrificationсильным is found at firstжеланием, in the UK in early 1960s andлюбовью, it refers to The term gentrification found at first in the UK in early через 1960s and itareas refersof the then observed trend wealthy people to buy property in poor самореализацией и в ofisитоге творческое начало смерть иto the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are возрождение. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included the work of Sociologist Ruth Скрябин пытался создать радикально новое in музыкальное произведение A description of this phenomenon is свои included inwere the recorded workиofцвета. Sociologist Ruth GLASS at theсвоё same period, while similar situations in other major с используя видение гармоний, тональности GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, композитора the issue has several scholars andсинестесию, for its more Вcities соченении можно выделить биполярност, Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the мистик корд-Прометеев аккорд которые он связал с философским comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: символизмом.Он использовал такие понятия, как смерть и interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups возрождение, свет и тьма, экстаз, таинственный зов.... to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and to travelработал from theнад purlieus to downtown, where своих work place is, lack of the Он time постоянно формой и структурой произведений. 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Не исключено,что он first использовал части своих композиций не entitled: втех Berlin, where she made her studies. In 1932 she published an important study services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year Germany and after continuous роизведениях для которых он she их left писал изначально. Музыка которуюfor lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, он сочинял шлавсовокупности сLondon отдельной философской in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due aидеей. systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are Скрябина characterized была by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISHМузыки DICTIONARY. Гармония новаторской в истории Русской и and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: стала уникальним феноменом как считала В.Дернова (1979:449). G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns Очень сложно отнести последние произведения Скрябина к определённому хронологическому на пример для By Mr.периоду George-Sp.так C. ATHANASOPOULOS University,так Graduate School ofмузыка! Design, Student, «Мистерии» характернаHarvard как тональная и атональная

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect

Student of the School of Architecture Скрябин первым создал «tastiera per luce» и использовал цвета в своей Technical University of Crete музыке.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept

Тем1.самым он внёс огромный вклад в развитие технологического Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), процесса.

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Но несмотря на быстрое развитие технологий их было недостаточно acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term чтобы полностью осуществить идею «Мистерии» как того the хотел 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification Скрябин. 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, removal fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually andthe the placement Вяч. Иванов считал чтоofoflow-income теургическая идея «Мистерии» была ways), of social groups, usually low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of утопической и невыполнимой, хотя и был согласен со Скрябиным в the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof теургическом смысле искусства! whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Если что идея «Мистерии» теургия тогда этоto Theпредставить term gentrification found at first in the UKэто in early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy people to buy property in poor of произведение должно быть исполнено только один раз. Это the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof подтверждает мнение Вяч.Иванова. Произведение далеко выходило London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residentsза are being indirectly “squeezed”. рамки привычной формы искусства. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Очень важную роль в осознаний «Мистерии» сыграли ключевые идеи GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Символизма которые говорили о радикальном обновлений Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its через more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more творческое начало. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, the following: Скрябин имел целью помочь обществу был вестник высокой In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof to a trend of aонnew category of social groups философской мысли. «Мистерия» несёт в себе черты универсализма и to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money глубокий философский контекст в челом, and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, whereиз workчего place видно is, lack ofчто the 1.of The termнаходился from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, for композитор под влиянием разных философских текстов. Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Это произведение переносим слушателя в мир свободы которая lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access to markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and является неотъемлимой частью Гармонии в широком смысле которую University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying мы воспринимаем ноby aнеобязательно ЭтуENGLISH Гармонию мы her work are characterized passion for justice. понимаем. See also: COLLINS DICTIONARY. and selling estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: слышим вrealПрометеевской «дерзости» композитора которы украл у Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aбогов variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually огонь созидания чтобы сотворить свою Поэму Огня- Мистерию.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Δήμητρας ΝΟΥΣΗ Concerns

Κριτικά σημειώματα

Σελίδες γραμμένες από πείσμα Εκδόσεις Δήμου Βύρωνα, 2020 By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Της Βασ. of ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ Student ofΔρος the School Architecture Μ. Επίκ. Καθηγήτριας Παντείου Π.Κ.Π.Ε. Technical University of Crete

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1. Introductory approach: Defining concept Το καλαίσθητο εξώφυλλο ενός the βιβλίου είναι ένας καλός λόγος που σε 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek παρακινεί να το πάρεις στα χέρια σου.philosopher, Ο δεύτερος λόγος μπορεί να είναι ένας ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among otherτίτλος. wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the ελκυστικός Όταν λοιπόν, στον τίτλο κυριαρχεί η -λέξη «ΠΕΙΣΜΑ» among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. δύσκολα αντιστέκεσαι στην περιέργειά σου να το ξεφυλλίσεις κα να δεις περί acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term τίνος πρόκειται. 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a είναι first, ifο(in not final, approach, theπου term gentrification) is the area of βιβλίου, Planning) (or gentrification «Σελίδες γραμμένες από ΠΕΙΣΜΑ», τίτλος του 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various εξέδωσε ο Δήμος Βύρωνα το 2020 στο πλαίσιο του Προγράμματος που Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social usually low-income placement there of artists, υλοποιεί κάθε groups, χρόνο με τίτλοof«Στο βλέμμα and τουthe Μπάιρον». «Πείσμα»; Ποιος ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of πείσμωσε; Για ποιο λόγο; Ποιοι ή ποίος μπορεί να γράφει με πείσμα, ή από the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this “change”, regardless of whatever other has, results rising of land prices (and the πείσμα, ενάντια σεconsequences τι; Τελικά, τι είναι το «πείσμα», επίθεση ή άμυνα; whatever other has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential Καιrelative μόνο, speculation). που σε μια στιγμή ο τίτλος ενός βιβλίου γέννησε τόσα potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found firstηinευχάριστη the UK inέκπληξη early 1960s and it refers to ερωτήματα, πέτυχε το σκοπό του.atat Και ακολουθεί μόλις The term gentrification found first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy people to buy property in poor ofto πιάσει κάποιος το trend βιβλίο στα χέρια του.to Ποιος είναι οin πεισματάρης the then observed wealthy people buy property poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof δημιουργός; Η νιότη. Εξήντα πέντε Αγόρια και Κορίτσια δεκατριών London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there andαπό thus old residentsως are being indirectly “squeezed”. τριάντα ετών συναντιούνται σε αυτό το πρωτότυπο ανθολόγιο κειμένων και being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth μας A αποκαλύπτουν τον τους για in δυο ζητήματα του description ofperiod, thisπροβληματισμό phenomenon is situations included theκορυφαία work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar were recorded in other major πλανήτη: την κλιματική αλλαγή, τη σχέση του Ανθρώπου με την φύση και την GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. απειλή της καταστροφής, αλλά και για την πανδημία, την απειλή της cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more αρρώστιας και την πραγματικότητα της απομόνωσης και της αιχμαλωσίας Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various της καραντίνας.of the comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: Από τη σελίδα 30 έως τη σελίδα 104 του βιβλίου εκτείνονται τα κείμενα interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups ο Πανελλήνιο των Μαθητών και Φοιτητών που βραβεύτηκαν στον 6 to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Λογοτεχνικό Διαγωνισμό Δήμου Βύρωνα. Ο where διαγωνισμός απευθύνεται σε and time to travel from the του purlieus to downtown, work place is, lack of the εφήβους και νέους, που πριν ένα χρόνο ένιωσαν την ανάγκη να γράψουν 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for betterin Berlin, whereκαι sheποιήματα made her first studies. In 1932 she published entitled: διηγήματα γιαentertainment ένα πλανήτη, που από study εμάς τους services of health, education, “at theπληγώνεται heartan ofimportant the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for ίδιους εδώ και Η έκπληξη εξακολουθεί να είναι ευχάριστη για τον lower living costδεκαετίες. of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Αναγνώστη, ειδικά για αρκετούς και αρκετές από εμάς που σε in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due tobecame aδιδάσκουμε systematic and University CollegeΗofγλώσσα London, where she continued her social research. Her public and νέους και informal νέες. είναι η γλώσσα της εποχής μας, η έκφραση, άλλοτε long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. καλαίσθητη, άλλοτε αφελής, μερικές περιπτώσεις and selling realCOLLINS estate, συγκροτημένη, etc., for theCodepreciation initially ofσεpart of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd.άλλοτε London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ακόμη και άγαρμπη, όπως επιτάσσει η εφηβεία. Διαβάζεις τα κείμενα και G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

έρχεσαι σε επαφή με την απάντηση των Παιδιών που βραβεύτηκαν για έναν ομορφότερο κόσμο. Βλέπει κάποιος, καθώς διαβάζει τα κείμενα, νέους ανθρώπους που με το πείσμα τους γύρισαν την πλάτη σε έναν απειλητικό, άρρωστο κόσμο, που τα έχει καταδικάσει σε έναν εγκλεισμό ικανό να σκοτώσει τη σκέψη, αλλά και να την απελευθερώσει. Οι φωνές και τα γραπτά των μαθητών μιλούν και συγκινούν: «Ήμουν μια σταγόνα βροχής που κύλησε στο ποτάμι πριν χυθεί στη By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS θάλασσα. Μα τώρα φούσκωσα, καθώς έλιωσαν οι πάγοι, και έγινα πνιγμός, Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, προαιώνιος κατακλυσμός. Ο Νώε προνόησε να σώσει κάθε είδος ζωής. Εσείς δεν By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect θα προλάβετε να σώσετε ούτε τον εαυτό σας!»Student … of the School of Architecture «Όποιος σπέρνει ανέμους θερίζει θύελλες. ΕγώTechnical είμαι. Συστήνομαι ένα University με of Crete βουητό, σαν ένας αγέρας δυνατός. Όμως όταν ο ουρανός σκοτεινιάζει στη δύνη approach: concept μου1. Introductory γίνομαι θάνατος. Στο Defining πέρασμάtheμου πολιτείες σαρώνονται, δέντρα 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 ξεριζώνονται, ζώα αφανίζονται, μαζί και άνθρωποι. Δεν είμαι της ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC - δημιούργημα 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCμε-“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise he left us, he established a great the φύσης. Η Φύση όλαheritage μεthe σοφία ποιεί. Εσείς με δημιουργήσατε, θρέψατε με την among other wise heritage he left us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the of the content concepts. απληστία και την αχαριστία σας. Εσείς μπορείτε να με τιθασεύσετε» (Νικόλαος of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term –acquisition Ιάσονας ΜΙΚΕΛΑΚΗΣ) Based, on this “principle” inindicated a first,από if (in not final, approach, the term gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification «Εγώ,therefore, η1 (and μικρήurban Ροδάνθη, θα προσπαθήσω εδώ και πέρα να έχω ως 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various πρότυπα εσένα Μαχάτμα ΓΚΑΝΤΙ, εσένα Νίκο ΓΚΑΤΣΟ, Μάνο ΧΑΤΖΙΔΑΚΗ μα Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, this, (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually low-income andthe theremoval placement of και εσένα Λόρδε ΒΥΡΩΝΑ που of εγκατέλειψες την πατρίδα σουfrom καιthere ερωτεύτηκες ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation ofΜεσολόγγι. art galleries, restaurants, However thisοι “change”, of το λιλιπούτειο «Οι καιροί ου etc. μενετοί» έλεγαν Αρχαίοι.regardless Πράγματι η the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the φύση είναι πάντα ωραία. Ας τη φροντίσουμε χωρίς να περιμένουμε άλλο!»of whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential (Δήμητραrelative ΠΑΠΑΔΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ). potential relative speculation). TheΜετά term από gentrification is found at first inγραφή the UKενός in early 1960s and it refers to καιρό η ομοιοκατάληκτη νεαρού δημιουργού μου The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor τράβηξε την προσοχή: the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade stay of themselves thusσε old residents areof «Όταν όλα them, τα ψάρια σε λίμνηsometimes νεκρά δείτε, /and Όταν χώρες άγονες London, upgrade them, stayσας themselves there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. και άδεντρες θα ζείτε, / Όταν η τελευταία πηγή θα έχει πια στερέψει. / Τότε θα being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of thisθα phenomenon included in the work of Sociologist Ruth καταλάβετε: το χρήμα αχρηστέψει»isis(Χρήστος A description ofperiod, this phenomenon includedΚΑΓΙΑΥΤΑΚΗΣ). inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations in ίδια otherτηmajor Το δεύτερο μέρος του while βιβλίου είναιsituations βγαλμένοwere μέσαrecorded από την ζωή GLASS at the same period, similar in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. μας, που ανέλαβαν οι νέοι by να other την περιγράψουν. Ένα ηλεκτρονικό εργαστήρι cities in Western countries, Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more γραφής τηνissue καραντίνα» και ενώνει φωνέςscholars από όλη Since«σπάει then, the has several andτην forΕλλάδα. its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the various Γίνεται ένα σημείο συνάντησης όπου summarized ο Αλμπέρ ΚΑΜΥ «συνομιλεί» με τα comprehensive approach are being below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: παιδιά μας για τη δική του μυθιστορηματική «πανούκλα», που γράφτηκε τη interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups δεκαετία του 1940, αλλά και με την πανδημία του 2020. Νεαροί δημιουργοί to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money συνομιλούν για πανδημία σε συνθήκες πανδημίας, για work τον κίνδυνο and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where place is,της lackυγείας of the των 1.ανθρώπων και distributed την μιαςRuth ολόκληρης κοινωνίας. Να,search λοιπόν, που ταin termat comes fromαπειλή Sociologist GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born sense ofThe safety the residencies outside town centres, for better Berlin, where she made herστρέφονται first studies. In 1932 she publishedενάντια an important study entitled: Παιδιά μας πείσμωσαν: με τη δημιουργία στη σιωπή και services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. The same she left Germany and afterγια continuous το φόβο που επιβάλλει η year αρρώστια, εκφράζονται τηνmarkets, ανάγκη της lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, «αιχμαλωσίας» βιώνοντας την ελευθερία του στοχασμού, της σκέψης και την in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her and κατάθεση των ιδεών τους. Διαβάζεις τα γραπτά των παιδιών και public θαυμάζεις το long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. πείσμα τους να μιλούνetc., όταν οι καιροί επιβάλλουν σιωπές καιof περιορισμούς. and selling real estate, for the depreciation initially of part the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification competence of state affairs in their Region, based on Article 101 of current Concerns Constitution.

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Πριν από ένα χρόνο όταν όλοι μας κληθήκαμε να αναλάβουμε τις Abolition of the 13 Regions of the Government Decree of 6/3/1987. 13 new ευθύνες μας απέναντι στον εαυτό μας αλλά και σε όλους τους άλλους γύρω Regions come in their place (Organizations of secondC. grade local government) By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS μας, στο όνομα μια αρρώστιας που απειλεί και ήδη σκότωσε τόσες ζωές, Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,of along with the municipalities (Organizations of first grade) as an δεν expression αυτοί οι Μαθητές και Φοιτητές τουBy βιβλίου «έμειναν σπίτι» αλλά έμειναν Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect popular αδρανείς. sovereignty, they consistόλοι a fundamental institution ofοthe Greek public life, καθόλου Γνωρίζουμε ότι ο περιορισμός που αυτοπεριορισμός Student of the School of Architecture 4 and the as guaranteed by the provisions of Article 102 of the current που όλοι εμείς κληθήκαμε να κάνουμε πράξη είναι για τουςConstitution νέους των είκοσι Technical University of Crete 5 European Charter of Local Self-Government. και είκοσι πέντε χρονών μια ωμή άσκηση βίας ενάντια σε κάθε εσωτερική 1.Abolition Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1/1/2011 of theτην Prefecture, Local Government of second grade, ανάγκη τους. from Σε αυτήν λοιπόν καθήλωση ορθώνεται η απάντηση του 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept asANTISTHENIS, it was provided by Law 1622/1986 (which ultimately was notBC, implemented στοχασμού, που μετουσιώνει σε θέμαphilosopher, την ίδια την καθήλωση, την ίδια την the ancient Greek (444 BC - 370 Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he πανδημίας: left us, he established(444 a great the εμπειρία του αιχμαλώτου μιας among other wise heritage he leftthe us, he κάναμε established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with definition of the content concepts. 39 «Τους καλύτερους διαλόγους τους μονολογώντας» (Αντώνης θα διαγράφονται χρέη . Οπότε φυσιολογικά πολλοί θεώρησαν σκόπιμο acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term ΚΙΤΣΙΟΣ) πριν3. Article αποταθούν σταConstitution Πρωτοδικεία να κάνουν μία προσπάθεια να 101 of current 1975/1986/2001/2008: 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated aπεριορισμών. first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is of Planning) (or gentrification «το ίδιο μας το σώμα αποτελεί κελί / area Για ποια Ελευθερία ñ State’s administration is organized according to the decentralized system. ενταχθούν στο Ν. urban 3869/2010 κυρίως isπροβάλλοντας τον ισχυρισμό ότι 1 (and gentrification gentrification) indicated (in the area of Planning) (or ñ Administrative division of the country is formed on the basis of geo-economic, social and Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various μιλάμε; / Αυτή που χρειάζεσαι, είναικρίσης εκείνη /οπου σου δίνει την Ψευδαίσθηση κατά τα τελευταία χρόνια της κύκλος εργασιών τους ήταν/ transport conditions. Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, πως ακόμη, να διαμορφώσεις το μέλλον». (Νάντια ΒΟΥΚΑΤΖΗ) ñμπορείς, Regional Institutions of the State generally have decisive competence onελέχθη, issues of σε their ελάχιστος και άρα ήταν μικρέμποροι, που ως ήδηthere ways), ofCentral social groups, usually of low-income the placement of πάρει artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.σκεπτικό, However this “change”, regardless of «Σκλαβιά είναι να φοβάσαι μέρα νύχτα / and μην ο Χάρος και σου province. Government, apart from special cases, hasέρθει the general direction, coordination γενικές γραμμές δεν έγινε αποδεκτός χωρίς τη this συνδρομή και άλλων the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless and control of legitimacy of the Regional institutions as provided by law. whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the την καρδιά / Σκλαβιά είναι να είσαι ζωντανός και να ζεις σαν πεθαμένος»of στοιχείων που συνηγορούσαν υπέρ μιας μικρής εμβέλειας ñ Common legislator and Administration, when they act normative, theyprices are εμπορικής obliged to take whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land (and the potential relative speculation). (Τόνια ΜΑΛΟΓΙΑΝΝΗ) into account the special conditions ofηisland and mountainousπλειοψηφία areas, ensuring their growth. potential relative speculation). δραστηριότητας. Βέβαια συντριπτική από την The term gentrification foundτο at first in the UK inναearly 1960s and it refersνα to Article 101A «…Δεν αντέχουμε isάλλο φόβο…Φόβο μιλήσουμε, φόβο The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UKand in early 1960s and itareas refers to προαναφερθείσα κατηγορία αιτούντων αποσκοπούσε κατά βάση στη the then observed trend of to buy property in poor of Where Constitution provides for the establishment operation of an Independent αγκαλιάσουμε, φόβο να φιλήσουμε, και εν τέλει φόβο να ζήσουμε». (Βλάσης the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property inμακροχρόνια poor areas of Authority, its Members are appointed for αλλά a fixed tenure and they arethus governed by personal and διάσωση της κύριας κατοικίας και σε μία ευνοϊκή London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and old residents are ΜΑΓΓΙΔΗΣ) functionalupgrade independence, specified by law. sometimes there and thus old residents are London, them,asstay themselves being indirectly “squeezed”. ρύθμιση αποπληρωμών που θαοι ίδιοι. τους / εξασφάλιζε ο Ν. να3869/2010. 4.«… Article 102 of ο the Constitution 1975/1986/2001/2008: Σήμερα γείτονας, αύριο Κανείς δεν μπορεί εξαγοράσει being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of δραστηριότητά Sociologist ñ Administration of local affairs belongs to Local Government Organizations ofδεν firstυπάρχει andRuth second Επιπλέον, όσοι επιθυμούσαν να συνεχίσουν την εμπορική τη σειρά του. / Να ζήσει άλλη μια μέρα υγιής! Σαν έρθει η ώρα σου Aευλόγως description ofσυνεκτίμησαν this phenomenon isμικρότερο included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth grade. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations in other major τους θα το ενδεχομένως στιγματισμό γυρισμός». (Έλενα ΧΑΔΙΟΥ) To Local Government Organizations there is presumption of competence for the GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. τους στους εμπορικούς κύκλους. Όλα ταextend παραπάνω administration of local affaires. Lawτην defines the typesκαταδεικνύουν of από local affairs andμε the «Ας αφήσουμε ελεύθερη καρδιά / Ναandσπάσει τα δυνατά cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andorganizations for its more distribution between each grade. Law may delegate toνωρίς Local Government σαφήνεια τη βαρύτητα που είχε από πολύ ο προσδιορισμός των χτυποκάρδια / Ας παραβιάσουμε τις πόρτες several και ας τσακίσουμε τα for τείχη Μεthe Since then, the issue has preoccupied scholars and its /more exercise of powers that consist state’s mission.summarized comprehensive approach are being below, from the various κριτηρίων οριοθέτησης της έννοιας του μικρεμπόρου, που όμως στην σφυρί το ήθος /… Το όνειρο αςare μην είναι ενοχή. (Γιώργος ΣΙΟΥΤΖΟΣ) ñ Local Government Organizations have administrative and financial autonomy. Their comprehensive approach being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: authorities are elected by universal and secret voting, asοprovided by law. πράξη ήταν αρκετά δύσκολο να προβλεφθούν με εξαντλητική λεπτομέρεια Ένα συναφές έργο εκδίδει κάθε χρόνο Δήμος Βύρωνα και το στέλνει interpretations of thethe phenomenon thecategory following: Inñ aLaw sense, phenomenon is dueof toofgentrification, acompulsory trend of a new of social groups maythe provide establishment or voluntary associations Local με τη μορφή μίας λίστας βάσει της οποίας κάποιος θα ήταν ήofmay όχι δωρεάν σε όλες τις βιβλιοθήκες της Ελλάδας. Government Organizations for works or provision of services. These associations be to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Τέλος, θα ήταν παράλειψη να μην αναφερθεί ότι αυτή η πρωτοβουλία μικρέμπορος. τελευταίο δεν ήταν απαραιτήτως αρνητικό με την έννοια administrated byΤο elected bodies and time toexercises travel from the purlieus to Government downtown,Organizations, where work which placeconcerns is, lack of theto ñ State supervision overστο Localπείσμα solely παίρνει σάρκα και οστά χάρη της κυρίας Δήμητρας ΝΟΥΣΗ που ότι έτσι αφέθηκαν και κάποια περιθώρια στο δικαστή να αξιολογεί και τιςin 1.of The term Sociologist 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born sense safety atcomes the residencies outside town search for better legitimacy control and distributed itfrom is not allowed to Ruth block GLASS, their initiative andcentres, freedom of action. Legitimacy Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: εδώ και εφτά χρόνια συντονίζει το Πρόγραμμα «Στο βλέμμα του Μπάιρον», ιδιαίτερες περιστάσεις της κάθε υπόθεσης. control of is exercised as providedentertainment by law. Disciplinary sanctions tothe elected bodies of local services health, education, “at the heart of city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The cases same year she left Germany and after administration, from involving automatic deduction orcontinuous idleness, are being applied προεδρεύει τηςapart Κριτικής Επιτροπής των κειμένων, είναι επί κεφαλής τουfor lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and Prague, London and NewofYork shejudges, came back to London, where only with theresearch consentin ofGeneva, a Council, consisted at majority regular as provided by law. Ηλεκτρονικού Γραφής του Δήμου,measures σχεδιάζει, και in According 1943 published studies regarding city planning. 1950 she teacher in the toΕργαστηρίου another approach, the phenomenon is due tobecame a συντονίζει systematic and ñ Theshe State takes all the legislative, regulatory and fiscal In needed to ensure economic University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action επιμελείται όλη διαχείριση του Προγράμματος. independence andτην provides the necessary resources formanufacturers, the accomplishment of the tasks andand the long-term informal effort by organized groups, brokers of buying 39 are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. her work Πρβλ. Βενιέρη Ι., Κριτική αποτίμηση τηςinitially διαδικασίας του Ν. 3869/2010 (τα exercise of competences of Local Government Organizations with simultaneous ensuring of and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND of Cothese Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: transparency inνοικοκυριά) the management resources. Law defines the relative with the and «υπερχρεωμένα και της αναμόρφωσής της με το Ν. 4161/2013, σε Σύνδεσμο G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety ofamong ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, (actually distribution, Local Government Organizations of taxes or fees,“voluntary”, determined in their favour, and ο Συνέδριο Ελλήνων Η αντιμετώπιση της αφερεγγυότητας, 23 orΠανελλήνιο collectedΕμπορικολόγων, by State. Each transferral of competences from state’s central regional bodies to Local

170 Εμπορικού Δικαίου, σελ. 318-321, όπου καταδεικνύει ότι η the αποπληρωμή των 2521 11 Government implies 2014, transfer of corresponding resources. Law provides relative regarding definitionεντός and collecting of local revenues directly from Localπτώχευση Government organizations. οφειλών του Ν. 3869/2010 σε σύγκριση με την δεν παρουσιάζει τελικά 5. Because of their importance, issues of Local Government Organizations have become τόσο μεγάλες subject of a αποκλίσεις. series of Conferences, International Conferences as well as regulations at

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification “What is theGENTRIFICATION business model of for innovation in your chosen Concerns Definition, Types Intervention, company? How can it be improved?” TESLA Inc. Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes ofByGentrification Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS By Michael LEPTOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Concerns Student at Westminster University of London By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS

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Architect MSc Estate of Department Student ofReal the School Architecture Technical University of Crete By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Introduction Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, 1. Introductory Defining Bythe Mr.concept George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect We live in a approach: world where technology has taken over our everyday lives, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Student of the of Architecture the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCSchool - 370 BC, Athens), andANTISTHENIS, most of the essential elements of our existence depend on it. The internet, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -towards 370 BC, Athens), Technical University of Crete among other wise he left us, he established a role great “principle”: the smartphones and heritage electronic devices play a major human

among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. survival. Thus, theapproach: global market and the industries surrounding it operate 1. Introductory Defining concept acquisition of knowledge starts with thethe definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term upon1.the creation ofapproach: products Defining that workthe towards that goal, and due to the fastIntroductory 1 (and urban ANTISTHENIS, the Greek philosopher, (444the BC -approach, 370 BC, Athens), Based, therefore, onancient this “principle” inindicated aconcept first, if (in not final, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification paced movement of consumer’s needs, organizations must rapidly evolve and 1 (and ANTISTHENIS, the“refining” ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a the great the gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the of a city the removal from this, (in various move accordingly so that competition can be overpassed. With various among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, strategies and techniques organizations are constantly looking for acquisition ofofknowledge starts with thein definition the content ofthere concepts. Based, on this “principle” aglobally first, if of not final, approach, the term ways), of therefore, social groups, usually of low-income and the placement of artists, the operation art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of ways to maintain their advantages and keep a healthy on-going momentum. 1 therefore, on this “principle” in aalso first,rising if (in notthis final, approach, the term (and gentrification) is indicated the area of Planning) (orof gentrification theBased, operation ofconsequences arturban galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless whatever other has, results of land prices (and the Competition is1tight, and“refining” space for success isindicated very gentrification (and urban gentrification) (in the areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology asother well), as the of aresults cityisarea, thelimited. removal (in(and various whatever consequences has, also rising of from land prices the potential relative speculation). Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various This paper will critically analyze successful business models of ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to ways), social groups, of low-income and the placement there ofrefers artists, innovation and specifically the one Tesla Inc. with the aim highlighting Theof term gentrification found atof first the UK in early 1960s and itareas the operation of art galleries, etc.inHowever this “change”, regardless ofto the then observed trendusually ofisrestaurants, wealthy people to buy property inofpoor of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of their strengths and weaknesses to make room forrising recommendations regarding the then observed trend wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of whatever other consequences has, results also of land prices (and the London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are 1 whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the theoretical implementations that can besometimes applied inthere the "real world". London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents are potential relative speculation). being indirectly “squeezed”. potential relative speculation). being indirectly “squeezed”. The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other majorto Innovation the then trend of wealthy people to there buy property in in poor areas GLASS atobserved the same period, while similar situations were recorded other major London, upgrade them, stayby themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof cities in Western countries, other Researchers. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are Despite the fact that there are over 40 definitions for innovation; the cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. being indirectly “squeezed”. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more being indirectly “squeezed”. most complete is the one by Crossan and Apaydin and is as follows: Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various A"Innovation description of this phenomenon isadoption, included assimilation, inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth comprehensive approach are similar being summarized from the various GLASS at the same while situations inexploitation other major isperiod, the production and interpretations of the phenomenon ofor gentrification, thebelow, following: GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major of the phenomenon of thecategory following: cities Western by in other Researchers. ofinterpretations a in novelty andofsocial spheres; and In avalue-added sense, thecountries, phenomenon is economic due togentrification, a trend a new ofrenewal social groups cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied otherand Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more enlargement of products, services, markets; development of new methods to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Since then, the issue has scholars andthe forisvarious its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being below, from of production; and the establishment ofsummarized new several management systems. both a and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is,Itlack of the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of thedistributed phenomenon ofRuth gentrification, the following: 1.of The term from Sociologist GLASS for wasbetter born in process and anatcomes outcome" (Edison, H., Ali,GLASS, N.B. & 1912-1940. Torkar, R.,Ruth 2013). sense safety the residencies outside town centres, search interpretations theher phenomenon thecategory following: Berlin, where she made first studies. In 1932 sheof published an important studygroups entitled: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend a new of social services of health, education, entertainment the heart of the city”, (possibly) is an factor for“at staying ahead of the competition YouthInnovation Unemployment. Theimportant same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, and being successful within an industry. 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See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. services ofWil. health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, infor Youth Unemployment. The same year she Germany and after continuous movements 10th edit. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd.left London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 2001). lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Organizations such as Tesla, Amazon, and Apple are among the ones in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and 1 Βλέπετε το υπόλοιπο του κειμένου στην ηλεκτρονική διεύθυνσηHer τηςpublic action 25 University College of London, where she continued socialthrough research. and 21 171 11 that have managed to create a unique sellingher point innovation within long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α., τ. 95/2019. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. their industry having, as a result, a continuous path to success. Brands like the and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: have innovation as their primary themselves to Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aabove variety of ways, in order to achieve thephilosophy “assisted”,enabling “voluntary”, (actually 252187

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, Types of intervention, ΚΛΗΡΟΔΟΤΗΜΑ Concerns of Gentrification Αθλητικό Κέντρο Concerns

Σπύρος Ι. ΠΑΛΑΣΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS του Δήμου Ελάτειας

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

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Ο αντίκτυπος της οικονομικής κρίσης στα συστήματα υγείας

GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Του κ. Χαραλ. ΝΤΟΝΑΔΟΥ Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns



Ορθοπαιδικός Χειρουργός, Ιατρικός Λειτουργός 1ης Τάξης του Γενικού Νοσοκομείου Πάφου, Κύπρος. Κάτοχος Μεταπτυχιακού Msc στη Δημόσια Byοικονομικής Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Ο αντίκτυπος της κρίσης Διοίκηση (Κατεύθυνση Υπηρεσιών Υγείας), Πανεπιστήμιου “Νεάπολις”, Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Πάφου Κύπρου. Ειδεικευθείς στην Ορθοπαιδική Χειρουργική στο στα συστήματα υγείας By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Πανεπιστημιακό Γενικό Νοσοκομείο Πατρών, Ελλάδος. Πτυχιούχος Ιατρικής Student of the School of Architecture  Σχολής, του Πανεπιστημίου «Carol Davila» Βουκουρεστίου, Ρουμανίας. ΝΤΟΝΑΔΟΥ Του κ. Χαραλ. Technical University of Crete

-Μοντέλα και συστήματα υγείας 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Τέσσερα είναι τα βασικότερα πρότυπα οργάνωσης και διοίκησης των Ορθοπαιδικός Χειρουργός, Ιατρικός Λειτουργός 1ης BC Τάξης του Γενικού ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 - 370 BC, Athens), συστημάτων υγείας. Το πρώτο αναφέρεται στο αγγλοσαξονικό μοντέλο, το ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), Νοσοκομείου Πάφου, Κύπρος. Κάτοχος Μεταπτυχιακού Msc στη Δημόσια among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the οποίο αναπτύχθηκε στην Αγγλία από τον Sir William Beveridge. Οι among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the Διοίκηση (Κατεύθυνση Υπηρεσιών Υγείας), Πανεπιστήμιου “Νεάπολις”, acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with στην theindefinition the content of concepts. πρυτανεύουσες αρχές είναι η διασφάλιση ίσης πρόσβασης στις υπηρεσίες Πάφου Ειδεικευθείς Ορθοπαιδική Χειρουργική στο Based, Κύπρου. therefore, on this “principle” aτης first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, theτων term υγείας, η κοινωνική ισότητα, η αποτελεσματικότητα στη διαχείριση Πανεπιστημιακό Γενικό Νοσοκομείο Πατρών, Ελλάδος. Πτυχιούχος Ιατρικής urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification πόρων και η γεωγραφική αποκέντρωση των υπηρεσιών υγείας. Η Αγγλία και Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Σχολής, του Πανεπιστημίου «Carol Davila» Βουκουρεστίου, Ρουμανίας. as well), as the “refining” of a city area, removal from this, of (inartists, various ηSociology Ιρλανδία αποτελούν τις πιο αντιπροσωπευτικές χώρες του αγγλοσαξονικού ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe the placement there 1 ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, μοντέλου. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of -Μοντέλα και συστήματα υγείας the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless Το δεύτερο σύστημα ονομάζεται ηπειρωτικό αναφέρεται whatever otherείναι consequences has, results alsoοργάνωσης risingμοντέλο of land prices (andτων theof Τέσσερα τα βασικότερα πρότυπα καικαι διοίκησης whatever other consequences results also of land prices (and το the potential relative speculation). στην πολιτική φιλοσοφία και τιςhas, μεταρρυθμίσεις που πρότεινε ο μοντέλο, Bismark συστημάτων υγείας. Το πρώτο αναφέρεται στο rising αγγλοσαξονικό potential relative speculation). TheΗterm gentrification is found at first in the UKSir in early 1960sBeveridge. and it refers Οι to 1883. βασική ιδέα του ήταν η δημιουργία ενός ασφαλιστικού συστήματος οποίο αναπτύχθηκε στην Αγγλία από τον William The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of το οποίο θα βασίζεται στην αυτονομία και την αυτοδιαχείριση των επιμέρους πρυτανεύουσες αρχές είναι η διασφάλιση της ίσης πρόσβασης στις υπηρεσίεςto the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, them, stay of themselves sometimes andστη thus old residents are εργατικών και επαγγελματικών ταμείων. Η Γερμανία καιτων οιof υγείας, ηupgrade κοινωνική ισότητα, η ασφαλιστικών αποτελεσματικότητα διαχείριση London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. άλλες Κεντρικήςαποκέντρωση Ευρώπης υιοθέτησαν αυτό το υγείας. σύστημα. πόρωνχώρες και η της γεωγραφική των υπηρεσιών Η Αγγλία και being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of thisτις phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Το τρίτο πρότυπο αναφέρεται στο σκανδιναβικό μοντέλο, όπου η η Ιρλανδία αποτελούν πιο αντιπροσωπευτικές χώρες του αγγλοσαξονικού A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations includedείναι inwere theεπιφορτισμένες work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major κεντρική και κυρίως η τοπική αυτοδιοίκηση με την μοντέλου. GLASS at the same period, similar situations were recorded in other major cities inΤο Western countries, bywhile other Researchers. οικονομική διαχείριση και αξιολόγηση του συστήματος και δεύτερο σύστημα ονομάζεται ηπειρωτικό μοντέλο κοινωνικής και αναφέρεται cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then,φροντίδας. the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more υγειονομικής Ηκαι Σουηδία, με τη Δανία και τις άλλες σκανδιναβικές στην πολιτική φιλοσοφία τις μεταρρυθμίσεις που πρότεινε ο Bismark το Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are summarized from χώρες έχουν υιοθετήσει αυτή τηηbeing φιλοσοφία. 1883. Η βασική ιδέα του ήταν δημιουργία ενός ασφαλιστικού συστήματος comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, theένα following: Τέλος, τοofνοτιοευρωπαϊκό μοντέλο αποτελεί αυτόνομο πρότυπο το οποίο θα βασίζεται στην αυτονομία και την αυτοδιαχείριση των επιμέρους interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense,υπηρεσιών theof phenomenon is Το dueμοντέλο togentrification, a trendαυτό of a new ofτου social groups οργάνωσης υγείας. έχει τις ρίζες τόσο εργατικών και επαγγελματικών ασφαλιστικών ταμείων. Η Γερμανία καιστη οι to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money άλλες χώρες της Κεντρικής Ευρώπης υιοθέτησαν αυτό το σύστημα. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Το τρίτο πρότυπο αναφέρεται στο σκανδιναβικό μοντέλο, όπου η The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. GLASS was born in sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search better Ορθοπαιδικός Χειρουργός, Ιατρικός Λειτουργός 1ηςRuth Τάξης τουfor Γενικού κεντρική καιshe κυρίως η first τοπική αυτοδιοίκηση είναι επιφορτισμένες μεentitled: την Berlin, where made her studies. In 1932 she published an important study services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart theΔημόσια city”,movements (possibly) Νοσοκομείου Πάφου, Κύπρος. Κάτοχος Μεταπτυχιακού Mscof στη Διοίκησηfor Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous οικονομική διαχείριση και αξιολόγηση του συστήματος κοινωνικής και lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where (Κατεύθυνση Υπηρεσιών Υγείας), Πανεπιστήμιου “Νεάπολις”, Πάφου Κύπρου. studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, υγειονομικής φροντίδας. Η Σουηδία, με τη Δανία και τις άλλες σκανδιναβικές in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Ειδεικευθείς στην Ορθοπαιδική Χειρουργική στο Πανεπιστημιακό Γενικό Νοσοκομείο χώρες έχουν υιοθετήσει τηshe φιλοσοφία. University College ofΠτυχιούχος London, where continued her social research. brokers Her «Carol public and long-term informal effortαυτή by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying Πατρών, Ελλάδος. Ιατρικής Σχολής, του Πανεπιστημίου Davila» her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Τέλος, το νοτιοευρωπαϊκό μοντέλο αποτελεί πρότυπο Βουκουρεστίου, Ρουμανίας. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially ofένα partαυτόνομο of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: οργάνωσης υπηρεσιών υγείας. Το μοντέλο αυτό έχει τις ρίζες του τόσο στη 1 G.υπόλοιπο ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order to achieve “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Βλέπετε το του Abstract. κειμένου στηνthe ηλεκτρονική διεύθυνση της ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α., τ. 85/2016.

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Η επίδραση τηςTypes μη λεκτικής στην GENTRIFICATION Definition, ofεπικοινωνίας Intervention, αποτελεσματικότητα της εκπαιδευτικής διαδικασίας Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Της Δρος Στάλ. ΓΕΩΡΓΙΟΥ Concerns

Εισαγωγή Παρά τη σημασία τους, οι λέξεις δεν είναι ο μόνος τρόπος που επικοινωνούν οι By Mr. C. ATHANASOPOULOS δάσκαλοι και οι μαθητές. Οι χειρονομίες καιGeorge-Sp. οι συμπεριφορές μεταδίδουν επίσης Harvard University, Schoolαλλά of Design, Student, πληροφορίες, υποστηρίζοντας συχνά τα λόγια Graduate ενός δασκάλου, μερικές φορές Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS επίσης αντιφατικά. Οι μαθητές και οι By καθηγητές εκφράζονται μη λεκτικά Architect σε κάθε Student of the School of Architecture επικοινωνία, τόσο ελεύθερα και αυτόματα στην πραγματικότητα, ώστε αυτή η μορφή University of Crete επικοινωνίας να μπορεί εύκολα να παραβλεφθεί. Ο κύριοςTechnical στόχος αυτού του άρθρου είναι να προσδιορίσει την επίδραση της μη λεκτικής επικοινωνίας των εκπαιδευτικών 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept στην επιτυχία τους στη διδασκαλία χρησιμοποιώντας τα ευρήματα των μελετών που 1. Introductory approach: Definingphilosopher, the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient BC -της 370ποιότητας BC, Athens), διεξήχθησαν τα τελευταία χρόνιαGreek σχετικά με τη σχέση(444 μεταξύ της ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heμη left us, he established(444 aαπό great the διδασκαλίας και της heritage χρήσης των λεκτικών επικοινωνιών τους εκπαιδευτικούς among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a great the και της αντίκτυπο στην επιτυχία στη διδασκαλία (Gregersen, 2007). Στην έρευνα, acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content of“principle”: concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts withστη thein definition the content of concepts. χρησιμοποιήσαμε όρους αφορούν λεκτική μη λεκτική επικοινωνία, τις Based, therefore, onπου this “principle” a first,και if of not final, approach, theκαι term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term διάφορες δεξιότητες επικοινωνίας που χρησιμοποιούνται στη διδασκαλία. Σκοπός gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and επίσης είναι να διαπιστωθούν ταofεμπόδια στην αποτελεσματική μη gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” a cityisarea, the removal (in λεκτική various επικοινωνία κατά τη διάρκεια της διδασκαλίας και προτάσεις για την επιτυχία των Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, εκπαιδευτικών αποτελεσματική μη λεκτική επικοινωνία με τους μαθητές. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation ofστην art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of

the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof Θεωρητικό Υπόβαθρο whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). Η επικοινωνία σημαίνει κοινωνική ανάπτυξη και πηγή κουλτούρας και potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at firstεπικοινωνίας in the UK in early 1960sσε andμια it refers to πνευματικής ανάπτυξης, ώστε η έλλειψη να οδηγεί σχετική The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor στατική κατάσταση στην ανθρώπινη ζωή, η οποία αποτρέπει κάθε είδους κοινωνική the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, themselves and thusείναι old residents areof ανάπτυξηupgrade (6). Έναthem, από stay τα χαρακτηριστικά των εκπαιδευτικών η ικανότητά London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. τους να εμπλέκονται σε αποτελεσματική, ουσιαστική και σκόπιμη σχέση με τους being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of thisπου phenomenon is included in the workικανός, of Sociologist μαθητές. Σε περίπτωση ένας δάσκαλος είναι επιστημονικά αλλά δεν Ruth είναι A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work Sociologist Ruth GLASS at same while similar in other major σε θέση να the επικοινωνήσει αποτελεσματικά με τους μαθητές, δεν of μπορεί να διδάξει GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries,2002). by other Researchers. ικανοποιητικά (McCafferty, Έτσι, η διαδικασία διδασκαλίας-μάθησης δεν έχει cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. εφαρμοστεί πλήρως. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issueμε has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more Για το σκοπό αυτό, σκοπό τηνsummarized καλύτερη γνώση τωνfrom εκπαιδευτικών, οι comprehensive approach are being below, comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various μελετητές του τομέα εκπαίδευσηςof πρέπει πρώτα να the αποκτήσουν interpretations of theτης phenomenon gentrification, following:τις πληροφορίες interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: και δεξιότητες που απαιτούνται για καλή μεofτους μαθητές. Inτιςa sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, aτην trend of aεπικοινωνία new social groups Διάφορες μέθοδοι επικοινωνίας υποδηλώνουν αυτές τις δεξιότητες ως αυτές της to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money σχέσης μεταξύ εθελοντικής και ακούσιας, επίσημης και ανεπίσημης, μονόπλευρης and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of και the αμφίδρομης, καιcomes λεκτικής και μη λεκτικής επικοινωνίας (Noller, Ruth 2006). term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) YouthΗUnemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for έννοια της διδασκαλίας lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private easier access to markets, etc.where studies research in Geneva, Prague, London and car New York cameδοθεί back to London, Ο and Safavi (2001) επισημαίνει στην έρευνά του ότιshe έχουν διαφορετικοί in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and ορισμοί τηςCollege διδασκαλίας από διαφορετικούς ερευνητές, αλλά όλοι τους έχουν δύο University informal of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying κοινά χαρακτηριστικά: μεταξύ δασκάλων και her work are characterizedτην by a αλληλεπίδραση passion for justice.και See τη also:σχέση COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in εκπαιδευομένων που etc., ξεκινά όμως εκ London μέρους2009. του WIKIPEDIA: δασκάλου. Ως εκ τούτου, η 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aδιδασκαλία variety of μπορεί ways, inναorder to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually οριστεί ως οι προγραμματισμένες δραστηριότητες του

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

δασκάλου για τη δημιουργία μιας διαρκούς αλλαγής στη συμπεριφορά των εκπαιδευομένων, η οποία γίνεται με τη μορφή αμοιβαίας σχέσης. Όσο ισχυρότερη είναι αυτή η σχέση και οι δεξιότητες επικοινωνίας, τόσο βαθύτερο θα είναι το αποτέλεσμα αυτής της αλληλεπίδρασης, δηλαδή η σταθερή και αποτελεσματική μάθηση. Μόνο με αυτόν τον τρόπο ο δάσκαλος μπορεί να αναπτύξει και να αναδείξει τις δυνατότητες των μαθητών (Chami-Sather, et al, 2005). Επομένως, πριν από οποιαδήποτε δράση για τη διδασκαλία, η σχέση του δασκάλου με τους μαθητές πρέπει να ενισχυθεί στην αρχή. C. ATHANASOPOULOS By Mr. George-Sp.

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Σημασία της μη λεκτικής επικοινωνίας By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Η μη λεκτική επικοινωνία είναι συχνά πιοStudent λεπτή και πιο School αποτελεσματική από of the of Architecture τη λεκτική επικοινωνία και μπορεί να μεταφέρει νόημα καλύτερα από τις λέξεις. Για Technical University of Crete παράδειγμα, ίσως ένα χαμόγελο μεταφέρει το συναίσθημα μας πολύ πιο εύκολα από τα 1. λόγια. Η σιωπηλήapproach: ομιλία έχειDefining μεγάλη σημασία στις καθημερινές αλληλεπιδράσεις Introductory the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept τουANTISTHENIS, ανθρώπου και επηρεάζει τις πιθανότητες αποτυχίας ή επιτυχίας προσωπικές the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370σεBC, Athens), και επαγγελματικές κοινωνικές συναντήσεις. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the Σύμφωνα με τις μελέτες που πραγματοποιήθηκαν, σε κάθε συζήτηση μόνο το among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the 7% των εννοιών εκφράζεται με τη μορφή προφορικών λέξεων. Οι περισσότερες από acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. therefore, on this “principle” a first, συνδυασμού if of not final, approach, term τις Based, πληροφορίες μεταφέρονται μέσω του σύνθετου εμφάνισης,the στάσης, 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification κίνησης των άκρων, της όρασης και των εκφράσεων του προσώπου (Sigman, 2013). 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various Από την άλλη πλευρά, η επίδραση της γλώσσας του σώματος ενεργεί χαμηλότερα από Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income the placement thereτα of artists, την επίγνωση του παραλήπτη, δηλαδή ο and παραλήπτης λαμβάνει βαθιά ways), of social groups, usually of να low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of αποτελέσματα του ζητήματος χωρίς το γνωρίζει (Fujita, 2006). Έτσι, οι άνθρωποι the operation art galleries,ναrestaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and the που έχουνother τηνofconsequences ικανότητα χρησιμοποιούν αυτές τις δεξιότητες έχουν τηof whatever other consequences results also rising of land prices (and the δυνατότητα να καθοδηγήσουν τουςhas, άλλους σε μια συγκεκριμένη κατεύθυνση για να potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). επιτύχουν τους στόχους τους, και ακριβώς αυτόν λόγο 1960s οι περισσότερες από The term gentrification is found at firstγια in the UKτον in early and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersof τις then ανθρώπινες αλληλεπιδράσεις περιλαμβάνουν τη μη λεκτική Ηto the observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property inεπικοινωνία. poor the then observed trend wealthy people toτις buy property inσυναισθήματα poor areas γλώσσα του σώματος έχει τηof δύναμη να μεταφέρει στάσεις και τα London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof των ανθρώπων σε them, άλλους καιthemselves σε πολλέςsometimes περιπτώσεις μπορεί να είναι ακόμη πιο London, upgrade stay there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. αποτελεσματική από τα λεκτικά μηνύματα being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth

176

A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Ποικιλία δεξιοτήτων επικοινωνίας στη διδασκαλία GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Όπως αναφέρθηκε παραπάνω, σωστή επικοινωνία μεταξύ του δασκάλου και cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied otherηResearchers. Since then, the issue has several στη scholars and for itsαυτή more των Since μαθητών είναι από τις πιο σημαντικές δεξιότητες διδασκαλία. Εάνits η then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for more comprehensive approach are being summarized from various σχέση είναι καλά εδραιωμένη, οι εκπαιδευτικοί στόχοι θα επιτευχθούν πιο εύκολα με comprehensivethe approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations phenomenon of gentrification, following: υψηλή ποιότητα.ofΣτη διαδικασία επικοινωνίας, τρεις the βασικοί παράγοντες παίζουν interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: In aόπως sense,η the phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social ρόλο, σηματοδότηση (δάσκαλος), τα μηνύματα (εκπαιδευτικά), ο groups δέκτης to “return”Κατά to theσυνέπεια, city, leaving the purlieus several reasons: high costs money (μαθητής). πρώτα απ 'όλα, for ο ίδιος ο δάσκαλος στέλνει έναinμήνυμα and time to travel the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the στους μαθητές ως from παραλήπτες του μηνύματος (Mason, 2004). Στο επόμενο βήμα, οι 1.of The termat comes from στα Sociologist Ruthτου GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruthστέλνουν GLASS for was born sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search better μαθητές ανταποκρίνονται μηνύματα εκπαιδευτικού και ένα νέοin Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: μήνυμα στον καθηγητή που είναι ο παραλήπτης“at του μηνύματος αυτήν τη φορά. Ένα services of health, education, entertainment the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for σημαντικό σημείο στη διαδικασία επικοινωνίας είναι ότι η σχέση δασκάλου-μαθητή lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where στην τάξη μια studies από τις πολύπλοκες ανθρώπινες σχέσεις, και σίγουρα in According 1943 she είναι published regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 she teacher in the to another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and University informal College of London, where she τη continued her social Her public and εμπλέκονται διαφορετικοί για δημιουργία αυτήςresearch. της επικοινωνίας, π.χ. δύο long-term effort τρόποι by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. τύποι λεκτικής και μη λεκτικής επικοινωνίας. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Λεκτική επικοινωνία στη διδασκαλία Μια τέτοια επικοινωνία μπορεί να οριστεί ως οι ολικές σχέσεις που μπορούν να επιτευχθούν μέσω της ομιλίας και της συνομιλίας. Οι εκπαιδευτικοί πρέπει να χρησιμοποιούν προσεκτικά τις λέξεις για να είναι επιτυχημένοι στη διδασκαλία τους. Κάθε λέξη προκαλεί μια εντύπωση στους ανθρώπους, συγκεκριμένα συναισθήματα και ξεχωριστή λειτουργία. Εάν οι λέξεις εφαρμόζονται στη σωστή τους θέση, θα επηρεάσουν αμέσως την ψυχή και το σώμα του δέκτη. Επομένως, είναι σκόπιμο ο δάσκαλος να αποφεύγει τη χρήση αρνητικών λέξεων κατά αντιμετώπιση των By Mr. George-Sp. C.την ATHANASOPOULOS μαθητών, δηλαδή λέξεις «Δεν μπορώ, είναι αδύνατο, δεν είναι δυνατό, ποτέ, κλπ ...». Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Ένας επιτυχημένος εκπαιδευτικός στον τομέα της διδασκαλίας πρέπει να By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect γνωρίζει τη δύναμη των λέξεων και τον αντίκτυπόStudent του στοofκοινό και να αποφεύγει τη the School of Architecture χρήση λέξεων συνήθως χωρίς να σκέφτεται. Επίσης, ηTechnical εντολή είναι μια από τις University of Crete συγκρούσεις που οδηγεί σε αποτυχία στην ανθρώπινη αλληλεπίδραση. Ο δάσκαλος πρέπει να εκφράσειapproach: τη γνώμηDefining του με σωστά λόγια και εντός του καθορισμένου 1. Introductory the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept πλαισίου για να είναι αποτελεσματικά και διεισδυτικά τα(444 σχόλιά (Babelan,2012). ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BCτου - 370 BC, Athens), Επομένως, ο δάσκαλος, ως Greek αποστολέας του μηνύματος, πρέπει πρώτα να ANTISTHENIS, the ancient philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the καθορίσει το πλαίσιο του μηνύματός του και στη συνέχεια να εκφράσει ειλικρινά τις among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the προσδοκίες του από τους μαθητές με τον τόνο καιcontent λέξεις. of Η έκφραση των acquisition of knowledge starts with theκατάλληλο definition of the concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term λέξεων ξεκάθαρα και εύγλωττα από τον εκπαιδευτικό αναγκάζει τους μαθητές να 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification ακούσουν με αξιοπρέπεια και προθυμία, να συνοψίσουν τα γεγονότα, και να 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as the “refining” και of a να cityδώσουν area, the this, (in various σκεφτούν as ναwell), λύσουν το πρόβλημα τοremoval σχόλιο from του δασκάλου χωρίς Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups,Αλλά usually of low-income and φράσεων the placement καμία ένταση ή πλήξη. η χρήση μεροληπτικών συχνάthere δημιουργεί μια ways), ofπείσματος social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, However “change”, regardless of αίσθηση και ταπείνωσης στονetc. εκπαιδευόμενο, τον βάζειthere έξω από τον the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this regardless whatever has,κατανόηση results rising of “change”, land prices (and theof κύκλο της other μάθησης και τη βαθιά του επιστημονικού περιεχομένου whatever other consequences results also rising of land pricesΚατά (andτην the potential relative speculation). εντελώς και αφήνει ανεπανόρθωτεςhas, ψυχολογικές επιπτώσεις στον μαθητή. potential relative speculation). επιλογή των gentrification λέξεων, η επιδιωκόμενη να in είναι ακριβώς στα itλόγια The term is found atέννοια first inπρέπει the UK early 1960s and refersτου to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UKσυνοπτική, in early 1960s and ευγενική, itareas refersofto εκπαιδευτικού. Είναι trend σκόπιμο χρησιμοποιείτε σαφή, ακριβή, the then observed ofisνα wealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy people to buy property in κοινό poor areas σωστή και πλούσια έκφραση στην προφορική επικοινωνία με το για are ναof London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents μεταδώσετε σωστά τις stay προθέσεις του sometimes ομιλητή στο (Bambaeeroo, and London, upgrade them, themselves thereκοινό and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Shokrpour, 2017). being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth λεκτικές δεξιότητες χωρίζονται σε τέσσερα μέρη:ofακρόαση, AΟι description ofperiod, this phenomenon isγενικά included inwere the recorded work Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations in otherομιλία, major ανάγνωση και γραφή. Μεταξύ while αυτώνsimilar των δεξιοτήτων, η ομιλία έχει τον υψηλότερο GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. βαθμό σπουδαιότητας και χρησιμότητας και έχει πιο αποφασιστικό αντίκτυπο στην cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for itsομιλίας more προφορική επικοινωνία με το κοινό. Αξίζει να several σημειωθεί ότι η ικανότητα Since then, the issue has preoccupied scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from απαιτεί μη λεκτική approach επικοινωνίαare ή τη γλώσσα του σώματος για να ολοκληρωθεί η comprehensive being summarized below, from the various interpretations of κοινό. the phenomenon of gentrification, επίδρασή της στο Στη διαδραστική επικοινωνία the πουfollowing: βασίζεται μόνο σε λέξεις interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: a sense,και theοof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups καιIn φράσεις αποστολέας μηνυμάτων δεν χρησιμοποιεί μεθόδους μη λεκτικής to “return” toόπως the city, leaving the for several reasons: highκαι costs money επικοινωνίας εκφράσεις τουpurlieus προσώπου, επαφή με τα μάτια τη in συνολική and time to της travel from του the purlieus downtown, where work place lack of the κατάσταση κίνησης σώματοςto και των χεριών, δεν μπορούμε ναis, περιμένουμε 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, τη σωστή κατανόηση του μηνύματος από τοGLASS, κοινό (Okon, (2011). Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Μη λεκτική κατά τη διάρκεια της lower living cost of,επικοινωνία “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier Yorkδιδασκαλίας she came to back to London, Πάνω από το ήμισυ των συνομιλιών μας πρόσωπο μεtobecame πρόσωπο είναιin μη in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 she teacher the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she her social research. Her public and λεκτική καιinformal νοηματική γλώσσα, και οιcontinued χειρονομίες εκφράζουν τα brokers συναισθήματα και long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying herστάσεις work areμας characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. τις χωρίς να πούμε μιαdepreciation λέξη. Υπάρχει μια σημαντική συσχέτιση μεταξύ and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: της κατάλληλης και έγκαιρης λεκτικής και μη-λεκτικής συμπεριφοράς του δασκάλου G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

και του επιτεύγματος των μαθητών και της καλής συμπεριφοράς. Τα αποτελέσματα 177 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

της αρκετών μελετών έδειξαν ότι υπήρχε συσχέτιση μεταξύ των δεξιοτήτων λεκτικής και μη λεκτικής επικοινωνίας των εκπαιδευτικών και της μάθησης και των κινήτρων των μαθητών. Η ασάφεια στην ομιλία του δασκάλου είναι γνωστό ως το κύριο εμπόδιο στη σχέση των δασκάλων και των μαθητών και, συνολικά, σύμφωνα με τους δασκάλους, τα περισσότερα από τα εμπόδια επικοινωνίας στα σχολεία σχετίζονται με τη μη ικανότητα του δασκάλου (Sukris, 2018). Εάν ο δάσκαλος έχει έναν ενθαρρυντικό τρόπο προσαρμοσμένο στην κατάσταση των μαθητών, μπορεί να επιτύχει αποτελεσματικά αποτελέσματαBy μεMr. τηνGeorge-Sp. επικοινωνίαC. του με τους μαθητές. ATHANASOPOULOS Η έκφραση του προσώπου είναι πιο αποτελεσματική από άλλους τρόπους μη Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, λεκτικών ενδείξεων και μας δίνει πολλές πληροφορίες σχετικά με τη συναισθηματική By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect κατάσταση των άλλων στο βαθμό που ορισμένοι θεωρητικοί πιστεύουν ότι η Student of the School of Architecture έκφραση του προσώπου είναι η πιο σημαντική πηγή πληροφοριών μετά τη γλώσσα. Technical University of Crete Στον τομέα της διδασκαλίας, σίγουρα ένα από τα κύρια χαρακτηριστικά των καλών δασκάλων είναι η καλή ικανότητα επικοινωνίας στην τάξη, και το μεγαλύτερο μέρος 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept τουANTISTHENIS, παρατηρούμενου άγχους στην τάξη προκύπτει κατάλληλης the ancient Greek philosopher,από (444την BCέλλειψη - 370 BC, Athens), επικοινωνίας (Mortazavi, 2013). ΗGreek διαχείριση της τάξης και η- 370 εποικοδομητική ANTISTHENIS, the ancient philosopher, (444 BC BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the επίλυση συγκρούσεων στην τάξη απαιτούν καλές δεξιότητες επικοινωνίας, η πιο among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the σημαντική από τις οποίες είναι οιwith μη λεκτικές δεξιότητες. Χρησιμοποιώντας αυτήν acquisition of knowledge starts theindefinition the content of concepts. therefore, on this “principle” aπαίξουν first, if of not final, approach, the term τηνBased, ικανότητα, οι εκπαιδευτικοί μπορούν να σημαντικό ρόλο στην επιτυχία 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification των μαθητών 1τους. Μέσω της χρήσης μη λεκτικής γλώσσας, οι εκπαιδευτικοί gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various εφιστούν την προσοχή του μαθητή σε περισσότερη κατανόηση και παρακινούν τους Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), ofήsocial groups, of low-income and στους the placement there ofμαθητές. artists, μαθητές, μπορεί και ναusually προκαλέσουν ενθουσιασμό βαριεστημένους of social groups, usually ofμη low-income and the placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”,there regardless of Οιways), μαθητές λαμβάνουν ασυνείδητα λεκτικά σήματα που αποστέλλονται από τον the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences results also rising of land prices (andαπό theof δάσκαλο. Παρατηρούν αμέσως ότιhas, αυτός που στέκεται μπροστά τους διδάσκει whatever otherspeculation). has,τοresults alsoτάξης rising of landetprices (and the potential όλη του τηrelative θέληση ήconsequences περιμένει συνεχώς τέλος της (Noureen, al, 2012). potential relative speculation). πρέπει ναis αναφερθεί ότιinηthe μηUK λεκτική επικοινωνία μπορεί TheΕπομένως, term gentrification found at first in early 1960s and it refersνα to The term foundτηatpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto συμπληρώσει ήgentrification να αντικαταστήσει λεκτική επικοινωνία. Είναι επανάληψη the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property inείτε poor the then observed trend of wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas λεκτικών μηνυμάτων, καθιστώντας τηsometimes λεκτική επικοινωνία εμφανή και London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thusπιο old residents areof συγκεκριμένη, ή“squeezed”. ολοκληρώνει τη λεκτική επικοινωνία. Ταthus ανθρώπινα όντα London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and old residents are being indirectly χρησιμοποιούν μη λεκτική συμπεριφορά για να ολοκληρώσουν τη διαπροσωπική being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth τουςA αλληλεπίδραση. Στηρίζονται μη λεκτική συμπεριφορά γιαofναSociologist αναγνωρίσουν description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work Ruth GLASS at the same whileσεsimilar in other major πότε να μιλήσουν, πότεperiod, να αφήσουν τους άλλους να μιλήσουν και πώς ναinμιλούν. Η μη GLASS at the same while similar situations were recorded other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. λεκτική επικοινωνία κάνει συχνά αλληλεπιδραστικές έννοιες, δεδομένου ότι η cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and νοήματος, for its more επικοινωνία έχει πάντα δύο κυριολεκτικά και εννοιολογικά επίπεδα και Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive arepreoccupied being summarized from αυτός ο τύπος approach επικοινωνίας σχετίζεται με το below, σημασιολογικό επίπεδο. comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations phenomenon ofΑυτός gentrification, the following: Αντικατοπτρίζειof τιςthe πολιτιστικές αξίες. ο ισχυρισμός υποδηλώνει σιωπηρά ότι interpretations of the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, theαπό phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend ofαποκτώνται a new groups οι περισσότερες τις μη λεκτικές συμπεριφορές κατάof τηsocial διάρκεια της to “return” to the city, the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money κοινωνικοποίησης και leaving είναι εντελώς μεταβλητές, ανάλογα με τον πολιτισμό και τις and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the παραδόσεις The term from Sociologist GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASSαυτής wasbetter born sense1.of safety atcomes the distributed outside town centres, search for Ένα σημαντικό σημείο στηresidencies μη Ruth λεκτική επικοινωνία είναι η χρήση τηςin Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: σχέσης, of ειδικά όταν διδάσκονται σωστά “at καιthe έγκαιρα. παράδειγμα οι services health, education, entertainment heart of Για the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for εκπαιδευτικοί που χρησιμοποιούν μη λεκτικές τεχνικές επικοινωνίας για να lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where αλληλοεπιδράσουν με studies μαθητές με σωματική και κινητική δυσλειτουργία in According 1943 she published regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 she teacherείχαν in the to another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and University informal College of London, where sheστην continued her social research. brokers Her public action and διαδραματίσει αποτελεσματικό ρόλο αύξηση της αυτοεκτίμησης των of μαθητών long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, buying herστη work are characterized by aτους passion for justice. See also: ENGLISH DICTIONARY. και μείωση της ντροπής (York-Barr, 2004). ΜιαCOLLINS κατάλληλη μέθοδος χρήσης and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: μη λεκτικής επικοινωνίας είναι ότι ο δάσκαλος δίνει ανάθεση επίλυσης προβλημάτων G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually στον μαθητή σύμφωνα με την πνευματική του ικανότητα. 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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

ικανότητές του και δημιουργεί κίνητρα. Έτσι, είναι πρόθυμος να λύσει το πρόβλημα. Από την άλλη πλευρά, εάν ο δάσκαλος λέει έμμεσα στους μαθητές ότι δεν πιστεύει ότι είναι σε θέση να λύσουν το πρόβλημα, οι μαθητές θα έχουν ένα συνεχόμενο φόβο (Lewis, 2005). Η έγκαιρη χρήση της μη λεκτικής επικοινωνίας από τον καθηγητή μπορεί να γίνει μέσω ενός απλού χαιρετισμού με τους μαθητές, ο οποίος είναι ο καλύτερος τρόπος για να ξεκινήσει η τάξη και είναι φυσικά αδύνατο χωρίς μη λεκτική γλώσσα. Ένας έμπειρος ομιλητής ξεκινά την ομιλία του George-Sp. μιλώντας απευθείας σε έναν από τους By Mr. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ακροατές, προσπαθεί να κοιτάξει κάθε μαθητή καθ 'όλη τη διάρκεια της ομιλίας ένας Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, και έναν και αλλάζει τον τόνο της φωνής του κατά τη διάρκεια μιας ομιλίας, έτσι By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect ώστε οι μαθητές να μην κουράζονται. Η μη λεκτική γλώσσα των δασκάλων μπορεί να Student of the School of Architecture είναι αποτελεσματική εάν οι μαθητές μπορούν να δουν τον δάσκαλο και όχι ο Technical University of Crete δάσκαλος να κρυφτεί πίσω από ένα γραφείο ή πίνακα ή να διδάσκει ενώ γυρίζει την πλάτη του στους μαθητές (Salimi, 2014). the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Ο δάσκαλος δημιουργεί περισσότερες εντυπώσεις μη λεκτικών ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444μέσω BC - των 370 BC, Athens), μηνυμάτων στην τάξηthe παρά από Greek τη γνώση του αντικειμένου και της ANTISTHENIS, ancient philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC,λεκτικής Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the ευχέρειας. Σε μελέτη του ο Μίλερ (1988) δείχνει ότι η συνειδητοποίηση των among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the εκπαιδευτικών τις δικές starts τους μη λεκτικές συμπεριφορές στην τάξηofτους επιτρέπει acquisition ofγια knowledge with theindefinition of the content concepts. Based, therefore, on thisπιο “principle” a first, ifεπιτυχώς. not final, approach, the term να παραδίδουν τις διαλέξεις αποτελεσματικά και Μελέτες που γίνονται 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification στο περιβάλλον1 της τάξης δείχνουν ότι τα μη λεκτικά στοιχεία στέλνουν πολύ σαφή gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various και διακριτά μηνύματα. Επιπλέον, αυτά τα «μη λεκτικά μηνύματα μπορούν να είναι Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), social usually low-income the placement there of artists, ένα πιοofρητό καιgroups, ειλικρινές μέσο of καθορισμού τηςand πρόθεσης παρά μόνο η προφορική ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and εξετάσει thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. έχουν However “change”, regardless of λέξη» (Rosa, 2000, σ. 1). Άλλες μελέτες την επίδραση μιας the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other has, results also rising ofτων land prices (and theof συγκεκριμένης μηconsequences λεκτικής συμπεριφοράς στα αποτελέσματα μαθητών. whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land(1978) pricesκατέληξε (and the potential Για relative παράδειγμα, σε μια μελέτη παιδιών δημοτικού, ο Otheson potential relative speculation). στοThe συμπέρασμα ότι η τάση is του δασκάλου με τους term gentrification found at firstναinέχει theοπτική UK in επαφή early 1960s andμαθητές it refersτου to The gentrification found atpeople first the UK in 1960s and itareas refers ενώ then τουςterm διαβάζει μια ιστορία μπορεί να in ενισχύσει τηνearly ικανότητά τους να τη the observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto the then observed trend wealthyέχουν people to there buy property in poor areas θυμούνται. Άλλες them, εμπειρικές μελέτες τεκμηριώσει ότιthus οι old χειρονομίες του London, upgrade stay of themselves sometimes and residents areof εκπαιδευτικού μπορούν επηρεάσουν μάθηση των Ειδικά όταν το London, upgrade them,να stay themselvesτη sometimes thereμαθητών. and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. υλικό που καλύπτεται είναι πολύπλοκο και / ή περιλαμβάνει επιστημονικές ή being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth μαθηματικές έννοιες (McNeil et al, 2000) A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Τηνat ίδια η Rosa (2000) διεξήγαγε μια έρευνα σχετικά με την GLASS theχρονιά, same period, situations were recorded in κατανόηση other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. του ρόλου και του δυνητικού αντίκτυπου της μη λεκτικής επικοινωνίας στην τάξη cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, ένταξης, the issueσκοπός has preoccupied several scholars and for itsλεκτική more πρωτοβάθμιας της οποίας ήταν να συγκρίνει τη μη Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from συμπεριφορά των approach μέσων μαθητών με εκείνους που θεωρούνται ωςthe γνωστική comprehensive are being summarized below, from various interpretations phenomenon gentrification, theευρήματα following: πρόκληση τόσο of σε the μικρές όσο και σε of μεγάλες ομάδες. Τα στην έρευνά της interpretations of the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, phenomenon is due togentrification, a μεταξύ trend ofτου a new of social groups έδειξαν ότι όσοthe λιγότερη απόσταση υπήρχε λέκτορα και του μαθητή τόσο to to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money πιο“return” αποτελεσματική ήταν η διαδικασία κατανόησης των πληροφοριών, ανεξάρτητα and to travelικανότητα from the του purlieus to downtown, where work(2002), place is, lack(2005) of the από time τη γνωστική μαθητή. Ομοίως, οι Christopher Lewis 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, Ruth search GLASS wasbetter bornΟin sense safety atcomes theπραγματοποίησαν distributed residencies outside town for και Hassan (2007) έρευνες για1912-1940. τις μη centres, λεκτικές επικοινωνίες. Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Christopher έφτασεeducation, στο εύρημα ότι τα αγόρια πιοthe ενεργή λεκτική services of health, entertainment “atεμφάνισαν the heart of city”,μη (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for συμπεριφορά από τα κορίτσια. Το αποτέλεσμα του Lewis έδειξε ότι οι γυναίκες lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, μαθητές κάνουν μεapproach, ταregarding μάτια the περισσότερο μαθητές και in According 1943 she published studies cityphenomenon planning. από In 1950 sheάνδρες teacher in the to επαφή another isτους due tobecame a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and χαμογελούν συχνότερα στοby περιβάλλον της τάξης και η μελέτη τουbrokers Hassan έδειξε ότι long-term effort organized groups, manufacturers, of buying work areδεν characterized by a passion for justice.επικοινωνία See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. οιher φοιτητές γνωρίζουν μόνο τη μη λεκτική τους, αλλά and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially ofτων partδασκάλων of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: είναι επίσης προκατειλημμένοι έναντι ορισμένων τύπων μη λεκτικών ενδείξεων και G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually συμπεριφοράς. 179 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Αρχές της μη λεκτικής επικοινωνίας Οι μη λεκτικές συμπεριφορές είναι έμφυτες και καθολικές, δηλαδή οι άνθρωποι σε διαφορετικούς πολιτισμούς έχουν μια κοινή κατανόηση των μη λεκτικών ενδείξεων. Ωστόσο, η συνολική έννοια του λόγου μπορεί να προσδιοριστεί πολιτιστικά και να διαφέρει σε διαφορετικές χώρες. Για παράδειγμα, όπως λέει ο Davis (1990), οι καθηγητές του Καυκάσου συνδέουν την αποφυγή της οπτικής επαφής των μαθητών με την εξαπάτηση, ενώ οι ασιατικοί μαθητές βλέπουν τέτοια αποφυγή ως σημάδι σεβασμού. Οι περισσότερες από τις μη συμπεριφορές By Mr. George-Sp. C.λεκτικές ATHANASOPOULOS είναι ακούσιες. Για παράδειγμα, οι εκφράσεις του προσώπου όπως το κοκκίνισμα, η Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, εφίδρωση ή το χασμουρητό κ.λπ. είναιBy σεMr. μεγάλο βαθμό πέρα από τον έλεγχο του George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect ατόμου. Σε μια τέτοια περίπτωση, το πλαίσιο Student και οι σχέσεις ισχύοςofμεταξύ των of the School Architecture συμμετεχόντων διαδραματίζουν ζωτικό ρόλο (Burgoon et Technical al, 1989). University of Crete Η μη λεκτική επικοινωνία χρησιμοποιεί μεγάλες ποικιλίες μη γλωσσικών ενδείξεων όπως σωματικές 1. Introductory approach: στάσεις, Defining εκφράσεις the conceptτου προσώπου, συγκινητικές 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept συμπεριφορές και ούτω καθεξής ταυτόχρονα με (444 τις BC γλωσσικές. οι ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, - 370 BC,Αυτές Athens), συμπεριφορές μπορεί να αλλάξουν με την πάροδο του χρόνου και από γενιά σε γενιά ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the λόγω τωνother μεταβαλλόμενων πολιτιστικών παραγόντων (Maxim, et al, 2003). among wise heritage leftthe us, he established a great acquisition of knowledge startshe with definition of the content of“principle”: concepts. the Επιπλέον, οι Woolfolk και Brooks (1983) ανέφεραν ότι ofη concepts. μη λεκτική acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term συμπεριφορά 1επηρεάζει συχνά την συμπεριφορά των δασκάλων και των μαθητών. Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification Στην πραγματικότητα η επιτυχία τόσο του μαθητή όσο και του δασκάλου εξαρτάται 1 (and urban gentrification gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various από την αποτελεσματική επικοινωνία μεταξύ τους στην τάξη, αλλά η επικοινωνία Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and placement there of artists, καθίσταται ανάπηρη χωρίς την κατάλληλη χρήση μηthe λεκτικών συμπεριφορών. Από ways), social groups, usually of επισημαίνει low-income and Ηthethis placement of artists, the operation of art restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of αυτή τηνofάποψη, ο galleries, Stevick (1982) ότι: γλώσσα του there σώματος ενός the operation art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has,πράγμα results rising of land (and που theof δασκάλου είναιofconsequences το πιο σημαντικό στην τάξηthis ... “change”, είναι prices ο τρόπος whatever other consequences has, results risingαπό of τους land μαθητές prices (and potential relative χρησιμοποιείτε ταspeculation). μάτια σας, η απόσταση που also στέκεστε σας, the ο potential relative speculation). τρόπος που gentrification αγγίζετε ή αποφύγετε ταinαγγίξετε όλα αυτά τα and απαρατήρητα The term is found atνα first the UK in early 1960s it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UKπου in early 1960s andμια itareas refers πράγματα στην τάξη φέρνουν σημαντικά σήματα δημιουργούν βαθιά the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy in poor areas επίδραση στα αισθήματα καλωσορίσματος και άνεσης τωνproperty μαθητών. London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof Ο Boyd (2000), ο οποίος διεξήγαγε sometimes έρευνα για there τις μη-λεκτικές συμπεριφορές London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. αποτελεσματικών εκπαιδευτικών μαθητών μεσαίου σχολείου αποκάλυψε ότι όταν οι being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth αποτελεσματικοί καθηγητές αλληλοεπίδρασαν με τους μαθητές της μέσης σχολής A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major που ήταν at σεthe κίνδυνο, συχνά βρίσκονταν σεsituations κοντινή απόσταση, άλλαξαν τη φωνή GLASS same period, were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. τους, έκαναν επαφή με τα μάτια, εισέβαλαν στο «προσωπικό πεδίο» των μαθητών cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, theδύο issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more (ήταν σε απόσταση μέτρων) χειρονομώντας στους μαθητές. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from Στο άρθρο «Ένα μη λεκτικό μάθημαsummarized επικοινωνίας» παρουσιάζει τον various τρόπο comprehensive approach are being below, from the interpretations of the of gentrification, following: διδασκαλίας της μη phenomenon λεκτικής επικοινωνίας. Οι the τεχνικές που μπορούν να interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is due trend of aεπικοινωνίας new of social groups χρησιμοποιηθούν για τη διδασκαλία τηςtoμηa λεκτικής περιγράφονται ως to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money εξής: and time to travel from the purlieus downtown,για where place lack of the • Οι μαθητές καλούνται να to συζητήσουν το work νόημα τηςis,χειρονομίας 1.of The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasbetter bornήin sense safety theέκφρασης distributed residencies outside town centres, for (χειρονομία) καιat της (που επιδεικνύεται από τον δάσκαλο, μέσω εικόνων Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: άλλου υλικού) services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for • Οι μαθητές σωματικά όσοcar καιeasier συναισθήματα. lower living cost of,μιμούνται “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva,τόσο Prague, London and New York she came to back to London, • Οι καλούνται να παρακολουθήσουν κλιπ χωρίς ήχο,in να in According 1943 sheμαθητές published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. Inτο1950 sheto became teacher the to another approach, the isβίντεο due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social τα research. Her public and συζητήσουν τη γλώσσα σώματος, τις σχέσεις, συναισθήματα και τα long-term effort του by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized a passionτο forδιάλογο. justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. συναισθήματα και μετάetc., ναbyγράψουν and selling realCOLLINS estate, for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: • Οι μαθητές κάνουν διάλογο με τη χρήση χειρονομίας και έκφρασης μόνο. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually • Οι μαθητές ενισχύουν τον διάλογο με βάση τα αποτελέσματα της μίμησης. 180 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

• Οι μαθητές, σε ζευγάρια, ακούνε ο ένας τον άλλον για 30 λεπτά, χρησιμοποιώντας μόνο μη λεκτικές απαντήσεις. (York-Barr, & Duke, 2004). Ο Darn εξηγεί ότι η χρήση αποτελεσματικής μη λεκτικής επικοινωνίας στην τάξη θα πρέπει να προσθέσει μια επιπλέον «γλώσσα», δηλαδή: μείωση του χρόνου ομιλίας, αύξηση της συμμετοχής των μαθητών, δημιουργία εμπιστοσύνης, μείωση φόβου για τους υπόλοιπους, παροχή σαφών οδηγιών, αποτελεσματική διαχείριση της τάξης, δημιουργία ατμόσφαιρας στην τάξη, βελτίωση των δεξιοτήτων ακρόασης, βελτίωση των επιδόσεων σε ζευγάρια ή ομάδες, αμοιβαίους φίλους και αυτο By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS διόρθωση, αποφυγή παρεξηγήσεων και ενίσχυση της διαπολιτισμικής ικανότητας. Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Συμπέρασμα Student of the School of Architecture Η μη λεκτική επικοινωνία παίζει και απαραίτητο Technical ρόλο στηνUniversity καθημερινή ζωή of Crete και είναι εξίσου σημαντική στο εκπαιδευτικό πλαίσιο. Ο τρόπος με τον οποίο οι εκπαιδευτικοί επικοινωνούν μαθητές τους μη λεκτικά είναι ένας από τους 1. Introductory approach:στους Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444διδασκαλία πολλούς παράγοντες που καθορίζουν την αποτελεσματική και πώς αυτό ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), γίνεται αντιληπτό από the τους μαθητές μπορεί να επηρεάσει τηBC συναισθηματική και ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, (444 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the γνωστική τους μάθηση (York-Barr, & Duke, 2004). among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Οι δεξιότητες επικοινωνίας είναι πολύ σημαντικές για content το μέλλον, ποιότητα acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the of την concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, term ζωής και την1 επιτυχία στην ακαδημαϊκή επίδοση. Η λεκτική και μη the λεκτική Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification επικοινωνία των εκπαιδευτικών διαδραματίζουν σημαντικό ρόλο στην υποστήριξη 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various της εκπαιδευτικής επιτυχίας. Οι εκπαιδευτικοί που κατανοούν τη σημασία αυτής της Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social usually low-income and the placement there of και artists, επικοινωνίας θαgroups, είναι σε θέσηofνα γίνουν εκπαιδευμένοι εκπαιδευτικοί να ways), of social groups, usually of Για low-income and the placement of artists, the operation ofουσιαστική art galleries, restaurants, However “change”,there regardless of δημιουργήσουν μάθηση. τοetc. λόγο αυτό, οι this εκπαιδευτικοί θα πρέπει να operation art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this regardless whatever other consequences has, results rising of “change”, land prices (and τοtheκάνουν μεofεπιπλέον προσπάθεια κάνοντας θετική επικοινωνία που the ναof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of ηland prices (and the potential relative speculation). περιλαμβάνει λεκτική και μη λεκτική επικοινωνία. Τέλος, επικοινωνία στην potential relative speculation). εκπαίδευση μια συγκεκριμένη πουinγίνεται ειδικάand έτσι ώστε to ο The termείναι gentrification is found atεπικοινωνία first in the UK early 1960s it refers The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople firstτους in the UK in earlyολόκληρη 1960s and refersofto δάσκαλος να είναι σεtrend θέσηof να κατανοήσει και τηitareas σχολική the then observed toμαθητές buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas κοινότητα. London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof

London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Βιβλιογραφία being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Κωνστ. ΓΕ., (2018). Δημόσιες Σχέσεις / Επικοινωνία. Αθήναι, Κέντρο AΑθανασόπουλος description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major Επιμορφ., Μελετ., Έρευν., Ανάπτυξης. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western by other Researchers. Babelan AS.countries, The correlation between verbal and non-verbal communication and its cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. relationship with the students’ success. Journal of School Psychology. 2012;1: 46-61 Since then, the issue academic has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several scholars andthe fornon-verbal its more Bambaeeroo, F., and Shokrpour, N. (2017). The impact of the from teachers’ comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, various communication on success in teaching. of Advances in Medical and comprehensive approach are being summarized fromEducation the various interpretations of the phenomenon of Journal gentrification, thebelow, following: Professionalism, 5(2): 52-59. interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: In aBurgoon, sense, the is dueof togentrification, a trend"Nonverbal of a new of social groups J. , phenomenon Guerrero, L. & Floyd, K. (1989). Communication." New York: to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Routledge and time to travel from purlieusR.to(2005). downtown, where work is, lack of the Chami-Sather, G. & the Kretschmer, Lebanese/Arabic andplace American children’s discourse in term group-solving situations. Language Education, 19(1), 10–22. 1.of The from Sociologist Ruthand GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin,Fujita, whereK.,she made herM., first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Henderson, Eng, J., Trope, Y., & Liberman, N. (2006). Spatial distance and services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youthconstrual Unemployment. The same year she left 17(4), Germany and after continuous movements for mental of events. Psychological Science, 278–282. lower living costT.S. of, in “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and Newwords: York she came to back tobody London, Gregersen, (2007). Language learning beyond Incorporating language in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and into classroom activities. Journal of reflections on English language teaching, Vol. 6, pp. 51-64in University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Lewis, T.N. (2005). Gender and non-verbal communication in the foreign language her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. classroom. edu.. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.tnlewis@ucdavis. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Manninen, T. & Kujanpaa, T. (2002). Non-verbal communication forms in multi-player G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually game session. Finland: Department of Information Processing Science. University of Oulu

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Maxim, L.A. and Nowicki S.J. (2003). Developmental associations between non-verbal ability and social competence. Journal of Philosophy, Sociology and Psychology. Vol. 1, pp. 745758 McCafferty, S.G. (2002). Gesture and creating zones of proximal development: Evidence from bilingual children. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 9(6), 192-196. Mortazavi, M. (2013) Meta-analysis of communication patterns in math learning journal article. Journal of Educational Technology, 9(2): 155– 164 Noller, P. (2006). Nonverbal communication in close relationships. In V. Mansunov & M. Patterson (Eds.), Handbook of nonverbal communication, pp. 403–420 By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Noureen, A., Chaudhry,Harvard and Manzoor, A. (2012). Teachers’ nonverbal behavior and its University, Graduate School of Design, Student, impact on student achievement. CanadianByCenter of Science and Education, International Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Education Studies, 5(4): 56-64 Student of the School of Architecture Okon, J. J. (2011). Role of non-verbal communication in education. Mediterranean Journal Technical University of Crete of Social Sciences, 2(5): 39-67 Rosa, S.B. (2002). Understanding the role and potential impact of non-verbal 1. Introductory approach: Defining the An concept communication in the primary inclusion classroom. Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation, Graduate 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), School of the University of Massachusetts ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, Salimi A. wise The attitudes of he EFLleft learners about English vocabulary ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -and 370comprehension BC, Athens), among other heritage us, he established a great “principle”: the using non-verbal communication. Journal of Educational Technology. 2014;1: 1-9 among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Sukris, S. (2018). The effect of teacher’s verbal communication and non-verbal acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” aJournal first, ifofof not final, approach, term communication on students’ English achievement. Language Teaching andthe Research, 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification 9(2): 430-437 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification York-Barr, J., &as Duke, K. (2004). "What do we know teacher leadership? Sociology as well), the “refining” of a city area, theabout removal from this, (in Findings various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, removal from this, of (inartists, various from two of scholarship." UK:of Sage Journals, Review of Educational Research. ways), ofdecades social groups, usually low-income andthe the placement there

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ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of ΣΗΜΕΙΩΜΑ ΤΗΣ ΣΥΝΤΑΞΗΣ the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever other consequences has, resultsκαταξιωμένη also rising ofμουσικoσυνθέτρια land prices (and με the potential relative speculation). Η Δρ Στάλω ΓΕΩΡΓΙΟΥ είναι διεθνώς potential relative speculation). The termδιακρίσεις gentrification found at in the UK inΕίναι earlyΠτυχιούχος 1960s and itΜουσικής refers to σημαντικές στηνisΚύπρο καιfirst το εξωτερικό. The term gentrification found(Hull atpeople firstUniversity), in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property inΜεταπτυχιακού poor - Μουσικολογίας και Σύνθεσης κάτοχος the then observed trend of wealthy people to there buy Διπλώματος property in στη poor areas London, upgrade stayΣύνθεση themselves and thus old residents areof Διπλώματος στη them, Μουσική καιsometimes Διδακτορικού Μουσική London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Σύνθεση για ταινίες και Media (University of Hertfordshire). Είναι επίσης κάτοχος being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of thisκαι phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Πτυχίου Επικοινωνίας Δημοσιογραφίας (Intercollege Cyprus) ενώ συνεχίζει A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included the recorded workστο of Sociologist Ruth περεταίρω Μεταπτυχιακές Σπουδές στη Δημόσιαin Διοίκηση Πανεπιστήμιο GLASS at the same while similar were in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Νεάπολις. Αξιοσημείωτη η συμμετοχή με δική της σύνθεση στην τελετή cities in Western countries,είναι by other Researchers. cities inτων Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. έναρξης Ολυμπιακών του Λονδίνου, με την παρουσίασή τηςits από την Since then, the issue Αγώνων has several scholars and for more Since then, the issue has several scholars andthe for various its more Παροικιακή Χορωδία του Λονδίνου, την οποία και είχε διευθύνει. comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various Έχει συνθέσει τη μουσική αρκετές θεατρικές παραστάσεις και interpretations of the phenomenon ofγια gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: μιούζικαλ στην και στη isΜεγάλη αρκετάofβραβεία τόσο In a sense, theΚύπρο phenomenon dueof togentrification, aΒρετανία, trend of aκέρδισε new social groups σε“return” παγκύπριους σε διεθνείς διαγωνισμούς υπήρξε διοργανωτής και to to theόσο city,και leaving the purlieus for severalκαι reasons: high costs in money κριτής σε μουσικούς διαγωνισμούς ταλέντων. Επιπλέον, έχει εκδώσει σημαντικό and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the αριθμό έργων της ψηφιακούς δίσκους σε συνεργασία μεRuth διάσημους Έλληνες 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. GLASS for was born in sense safety theσεdistributed residencies outside town centres, search better Berlin, where she made herΠαράλληλα first studies. In 1932 she published an important δίσκους study entitled: και ξένους καλλιτέχνες. έχει εκδώσει τρεις ψηφιακούς με services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for μουσική για εκπαιδευτικούς σκοπούς, με την Παιδική Παροικιακή Χορωδία του lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Λονδίνου και σεanother συνεργασία με τοthe Υπουργείο και της in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.Παιδείας In 1950 she teacher in the to approach, phenomenon is due tobecame aΠολιτισμού systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public and Κύπρου και έχει επενδύσει μουσικά αρκετές ταινίες μικρού μήκους στην Κύπρο long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying herστη workΜ. are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. και Βρετανία. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Ευγενία – Μαρία Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Ψηφιακός μετασχηματισμός: νέα κατεύθυνση στην εκπαιδευτική διοίκηση Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Concerns Της Δρος Κατερίνας ΚΩΝΣΤΑΝΤΙΝΙΔΗ - ΒΛΑΔΙΜΗΡΟΥ Εκπαίδευσης, ByΕπιθεωρήτριας Mr. George-Sp.Μέσης C. ATHANASOPOULOS Υπουργείο Παιδείας, Πολιτισμού Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

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ΠΕΡΙ ΕΛΕΥΘΕΡΙΑΣ GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Της Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes ofΕυγενίας-Μαρίας Gentrification Όπως έχει συμβεί σε πολλούς Ανθρώπους να έχει συνδεθεί το όνομά τους Concerns με συγκεκριμένη δραστηριότητα ή πρόσωπα, υποπτεύομαι, ότι το όνομά μου

έχει συνδεθεί με την μελέτη μου σχετικά με τον Ρώσο Συνθέτη Αλεξάντερ By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Σκριάμπιν της εποχής λίγο πριν την Πρωτοπορία στις Τέχνες. Σε αυτό το Harvard University, Graduate Schoolένα of Design, σημείο θα ήθελα να υπενθυμίσω, ότι αυτό είναι απλώς από ταStudent, κύρια By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect πεδία της έρευνάς μου και ήταν αναπόφευκτο να συμβεί καθώς όλοι οι the School of Architecture καλλιτέχνες έχουμε ένα συγκεκριμένο πεδίο Student δράσης of μετά από κάποια χρόνια Technical University of Crete πορείας μας στη μουσική. Αυτό που έχω διαπιστώσει κατά την μουσική μου πορεία, λοιπόν, είναι, ότι τελικά φαίνεται, ότι το ελληνικό στοιχείο έχει παίξει 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory Defining the concept βαρυσήμαντο ρόλοapproach: στα καλλιτεχνικά έργα και (444 στις BC Τέχνες ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, - 370 παγκοσμίως, BC, Athens), καθώς και σε όλο το φάσμα της καλλιτεχνικής δημιουργίας της ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the ανθρωπότητας πρωτίστως σε επίπεδα έμπνευσης και δευτερευόντως με την among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the παρουσία του σε καλλιτεχνικά, λογοτεχνικά, μουσικά και acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, εικαστικά, if of not final, approach, the κάθε term 1 είδους άλλα θαυμαστά δημιουργήματα. Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and Ως γνωστόν ένας καλλιτέχνης να και this, να μπορεί να gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a οφείλει cityisarea, theγνωρίζει removal (in various διακρίνει τις ρίζες του καθώς και να μπορεί να τις διαχειρίζεται πριν από Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually low-income andξένες. thethis placement there of artists, οποιαδήποτε τουrestaurants, να ofδιαχειριστεί τις Αυτό είναι κάτι που the operation ofενέργειά art galleries, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless προϋποθέτει μεγάλη και αγωνιώδη προσπάθεια αν θέλει να είναι τίμιος μεof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the whatever other consequences has, results also of διαχειριστεί land prices (and the τον εαυτόrelative του προκειμένου να μπορεί να είναι σεrising θέση να επίσης potential speculation). potential relative speculation). τίμια ενασχόλησή τουisμεfound ξένα at δημιουργήματα μετά. and it refers to Theτην term gentrification first in the UK αμέσως in early 1960s The gentrification found first«2021» in the UK in early 1960s andθέλω itareas refers Με term δεδομένο, ότι το έτος at μας είναι Επετειακό, να the then observed trend ofiswealthy people to buy property in poor ofto the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in ανατρεπτική poor areas υπογραμμίσω ότι δεν θα of παρεκκλίνω παρόλα αυτά από την London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes thereΣυνθέτη and thusτου old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. πλην όμως διαχρονική διάθεση του μεγάλου αυτού Σκριάμπιν being indirectly “squeezed”. A description this phenomenon is included the work Sociologist λέγοντας, ότι ο of Επετειακός χαρακτήρας του in έτους 2021ofμας εφιστάRuth την A description this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS atστο the same period, whileτην similar in other major προσοχή να of μην ξεχνάμε αναγκαιότητα τουrecorded να επιδιδόμεθα στην GLASS atσκέψη the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile other Researchers. ελεύθερη προκειμένου να similar προάγεται ο πνευματικός σκοπός σε κάθε cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Sinceστο then, the έχει issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more επίπεδο οποίο αντίστοιχο μερίδιο να συμβάλλει ο καθένας μας. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the Αυτό δε, είναι κάτι που έχει διαφανεί ειδικά μέσα στις Τέχνες various και πιο comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, ειδικά ακόμα, αρχίζοντας από τα of Επτάνησα παράthe τιςfollowing: καλλιτεχνικές εισροές interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of aΑνεξαρτήτως new of social groups απόIn το Ενετικό καθεστώς του παρελθόντος. καλλιτεχνικών to “return” to the την city, leaving purlieus several reasons: costs επιρροών ανά Ελλάδαtheκαι ανά for τους αιώνες και high παρά τονin money τρόπο and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the διαχείρισης τους σε συνδυασμό με το ελληνικό στοιχείο, η ελληνική σκέψη 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, κυριαρχούσε ανέκαθεν ως νοοτροπία στα πνευματικά επίπεδα παγκοσμίως Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services ofσηματοδότησε health, education, entertainment “atτων the heart of ανά the city”, (possibly) και αυτό εξ αρχής τηνleft άνθιση Τεχνών τουςmovements αιώνες. Ηfor Youth Unemployment. The same year she Germany and after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague,δημιουργημάτων London and New Yorkτων she came back to London, μεγαλειότητα τωνinθαυμαστών προγόνων μας, μας in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is ηdue a systematic and έδωσε την τέλεια ευκαιρία για continued ναphenomenon συντελεστεί απελευθέρωση του University College of London, where she her social research. Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying πνεύματος. Αυτό είναιbyβεβαίως κάτι το See οποίο her work are characterized a passion for justice. also:εγείρει COLLINS πολλά ENGLISHερωτήματα DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.καθώς Wil. SONS AND London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: σήμερα παρατηρούμε μιαLtd. καθοδική πορεία σε πολλαπλούς τομείς G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually διαχείρισης κρίσεων παγκοσμίως κατά τα τελευταία χρόνια, όμως δεν πρέπει

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

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να απομακρυνόμαστε από τις ουσιαστικές μας και υψηλές πνευματικά καταβολές, οι οποίες λειτουργούν ως αφανείς και αδιάκοποι μάρτυρες της ιστορίας μας σχετικά με την ελευθερία σκέψης και δράσης προς τις κατευθύνσεις που θα είχε νόημα να στρέφεται διαρκώς η ανθρωπότητα με επίκεντρο την αρχαία γνώση, που όμως δεν ήταν ποτέ πρωτόγονη, αλλά αντιθέτως φαίνεται σήμερα να είναι η μόνη σωτήρια οδός προς την απελευθέρωση από τα δεσμά και κατ’ επέκταση την ελευθερία για την οποία By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS πάλεψαν τόσο να διασφαλίσουν οι πρόγονοί μας. Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Δεν είναι λίγα τα παραδείγματα έχουμε σε κάθε μορφή Τέχνης, τα By που Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect οποία αντλούν το θέμα τους από την Ελευθερία ξεκινώντας από τους Student of the School of Architecture Αρχαίους Έλληνες και φτάνοντας με αποκορύφωμαTechnical τον Σκριάμπιν, που μας University of Crete μίλησε για έννοιες προς την πνευματική απελευθέρωση μέσω της μουσικής. approach: the concept Πιο1. Introductory ειδικά ακόμα, έχουμε Defining και αρκετά παραδείγματα της καλλιτεχνικής 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept επίδρασης της Ελληνικής Επανάστασης στις Τέχνες(444 πρωτίστως μέσαAthens), από το ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCενώ -“principle”: 370ακολουθούν BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us,πίνακες he established a great the κίνημα του Ρομαντισμού, όπως σε ζωγραφικής, among other wiseποιητικά heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of theολόκληρα content concepts. σε λογοτεχνικά και κείμενα ακόμη και κινήματα acquisition of knowledge starts with the of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on “principle” indefinition a first, not final, the term παγκόσμιο επίπεδο μεthis ιδεολογικό άξονα την ifέννοια τηςapproach, απελευθέρωσης. 1 (and urban Based, therefore, this “principle” inindicated aκαι first,στην if (in notσύγχρονη final, approach, the της term gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification Μεταγενέστερα του on Σκριάμπιν έχουμε ιστορία 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various μουσικής καθώς και στην σύγχρονη Τέχνη ακόμη περισσότερα παραδείγματα Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement σε παγκόσμια κλίμακα. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of artπαγκόσμια galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Η σπουδαία καλλιτεχνική και μουσική παρακαταθήκη δεν the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the είναι όμως το ζητούμενο αυτού του κειμένου, καθώς είναι αδιαμφισβήτηταof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative και ανεξάντλητα τα παραδείγματα προς αναφορά και δεν δύναται να potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found first in the UK early αυτού 1960s and to καλυφθούν μέσα από μια απλή at απαρίθμηση. Η in ουσία τουit refers άρθρου The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor έγκειται στην έννοια της ελευθερίας που ενέπνευσε από το αρχέγονο κιόλας the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stayμε themselves and thus old residents areof σκότος τους πολιτισμούς έδρα το ελληνικό σύμπαν την οποία London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes thereπληροφορίας and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. διέχυσε προς το υπόλοιπο. Το πλεονέκτημα αυτό του πολιτισμού μας το οποίο being indirectly “squeezed”. description this phenomenon included inαπό the work of Sociologist Ruth μαςAA δόθηκε, μας of έδωσε και την is υποχρέωση αρχή. Οι καταβολές description ofperiod, this μαζί phenomenon is situations included inwere theτην work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major μας, μας έκαναν πάντα να βγαίνουμε νικητές σε κάθε δύσκολη συγκυρία με GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. μοναδικό εφόδιο τον απελευθερωτικό σκοπό σε κάθε στάδιο ύπαρξης. Η cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more ανύψωση σε πνευματικές σφαίρες μέσω του απελευθερωμένου νου από τα Since then, the issue has several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from οποιαδήποτε δεσμά έδινε πάντα διέξοδο προς τη Νίκη.below, from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Ας διατηρήσουμε την διαδρομή μας μέχριtheσήμερα με σκοπό να interpretations the phenomenon following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new category of social groups ανατρέχουμε στα παραδείγματα των προγόνων μας, τα οποία είναι to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money διαχρονικά και επίκαιρα καθώς και στην γραπτή μας παρακαταθήκη and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the προκειμένου διαφυλάττουμε τηνRuth ελευθερία μεtown τρόπο που αποτίει φόρο 1.of The termνα from Sociologist GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruthθα GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside centres, search for Berlin,στο where she made her first studies. Inτο 1932 she published an important study entitled: τιμής θαυμαστό μας παρελθόν, οποίο μας δόθηκε με την ελπίδα να services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for προκύπτουν από αυτό νέες εμπνεύσεις και νέα μεγαλουργήματα, τόσο lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, θαυμαστά, τουapproach, παρελθόντος μας και να στεκόμαστε με teacher αρετή in και in According 1943 she όσα published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became the to αυτά another the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and τόλμη παρά τις εκάστοτε με τρόπο ευρηματικό long-term informal effort byαποθαρρυντικές organized groups,συγκυρίες, manufacturers, brokers of buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. και αποτελεσματικό πάντα προς την κατεύθυνση and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially ofτης partαπελευθέρωσης of the urban web,με in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: σκοπό την τελική ελευθερία. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, TypesΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΟΥ of Intervention, Ευάγγελος Φωτογράφος, Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns ofΚινηματογραφιστής, Gentrification Concerns ΦΕΣΤΙΒΑΛ ΝΤΟΚΙΜΑΝΤΕΡ Απρ. 2021: Υποβολή στο 6ο Διεθνές Φεστιβάλ Ντοκιμαντέρ Καστελλορίζου Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS 2021 «Πέρα από τα Σύνορα» και By στο 8ο Διεθνές C. Φεστιβάλ Ντοκιμαντέρ Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Πελοποννήσου 2022 του ντοκιμαντέρ μικρού μήκους C. μεATHANASSOPOULOS τίτλο “ΤΗΛΕΣΚΟΠΙΟ By Mr. George-Sp. Architect ΑΡΙΣΤΑΡΧΟΣ”. Student of the School of Architecture

Technical University of Crete Ιουλ. 2020: Επιλογή και προβολή στο 8ο Φεστιβάλ Κινηματογράφου Χανίων του ντοκιμαντέρ μικρού μήκους με τίτλο “ΤΗΛΕΣΚΟΠΙΟ ΑΡΙΣΤΑΡΧΟΣ” – 1η 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), συμμετοχή. ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), amongΝοε. other wiseΕπιλογή heritageστο he Φεστιβάλ left us, he established(444 aΧαλκίδος great 2019: Ντοκιμαντέρ docfest μεthe το among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. ντοκιμαντέρ μικρού μήκους «ΕΛΛΑΔΑ & ΥΔΡΟΒΙΟΤΟΠΟΙ – ο Θαυμαστός Κόσμος acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term των Πουλιών» και προβολή αυτού στο μη διαγωνιστικό τμήμα με τίτλο 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification «Πανόραμα». 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of ΔΙΑΚΡΙΣΕΙΣ the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever other consequences results also ΟΠΤΙΚΟΑΚΟΥΣΤΙΚΩΝ rising of land prices (and the potential Ιαν.relative 2020: speculation). ΠΑΝΕΛΛΗΝΙΟΣhas, ΔΙΑΓΩΝΙΣΜΟΣ ΜΕΣΩΝ potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to 2019: The term gentrification is found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to the then observed trend of to buy “Αργυρό Μετάλλιο” γιαwealthy το timelapse “Follow theproperty Light”. in poor areas of the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus residents areof “Έπαινος” για το Διαπόραμα του sometimes ντοκιμαντέρthere "ΕΛΛΑΔΑ &old ΥΔΡΟΒΙΟΤΟΠΟΙ London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. - being ο Θαυμαστός των Πουλιών - trailer ". indirectlyΚόσμος “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth AΙαν. description of this phenomenon is situations included in the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth 2019: ΠΑΝΕΛΛΗΝΙΟΣ ΔΙΑΓΩΝΙΣΜΟΣ ΟΠΤΙΚΟΑΚΟΥΣΤΙΚΩΝ ΜΕΣΩΝ GLASS at the same period, while similar were in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities 2018:in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, byγια other Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars its more “Αργυρό Μετάλλιο” το Researchers. timelapse “LIMNI EVIASand– for Milky Way Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from Nightscapes. comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: “Έπαινος”ofγια το Διαπόραμα “THESSALONIKI –Heritage Walks”. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Νοε. 2018: Επιλογή φωτογραφίας από συμμετοχή στο διαγωνισμό 2018 to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money της Ελληνικής Μετεωρολογικής Εταιρείας (Ε.ΜΤ.Ε.) με θέμα: and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1.of The termat comes from Ruth 1912-1940. Ruthημερολόγιο GLASS for wasbetter born "ΦΩΤΟΓΡΑΦΙΖΟΝΤΑΣ ΤΑ Sociologist ΝΕΦΗ" για GLASS, να κοσμήσει το τηςin sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Ε.ΜΤ.Ε. 2019. Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Ιουν. 2016: Έπαινος από London την Ε’ Δημοτική του Δήμου in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is Κοινότητα due a systematic and Θεσσαλονίκης. University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate,Έπαινος etc., for theCodepreciation initially of partγια of the urban web, in 18. Δεκ. 2015: στο φωτογραφικό διαγωνισμό τοFree Εθνικό Πάρκο 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G.θέμα ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aΔέλτα variety of ways, in «Φωτογραφίζω order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Αξιού, με το Δέλτα μου» στη Χαλάστρα.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, 10-05-2019: Τίτλος Έργου “ Το Πέταγμα”. Κωδικός κατοχύρωσης στην Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Ένωση Σεναριογράφων Ελλάδος: 02347-02745-4CG216O068P32AI5 12-09-2019: Τίτλος ΈργουConcerns “ Η Υπέρβαση”. Κωδικός κατοχύρωσης στην ΣΥΓΓΡΑΦΗ ΣΕΝΑΡΙΟΥ

Ένωση Σεναριογράφων Ελλάδος: 02522-02745-CD79EN102DE4G40M

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, ΠΕΡΑΙΤΕΡΩ ΘΕΩΡΗΤΙΚΗ ΕΠΙΜΟΡΦΩΣΗ By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Ιουν.2020: Επιμόρφωση στο Ντοκιμαντέρ e-learning ΕθνικόUniversity και Technical of Crete

Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Σεμινάριο για Defining το Δημιουργικό Ντοκιμαντέρ από τον Πολιτιστικό 1. Φεβ.2020: Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, Οργανισμό ARTENS. the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great Απρ.2019: Σεμινάριο «Τέχνη και Τεχνική τουof Σεναρίου» απόof“principle”: την Ένωση the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition the content concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Σεναριογράφων Ελλάδος στο IST with College. 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and 2015-2019: Διάφορα σεμινάρια gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of aφωτογραφίας. cityisarea, the removal (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of Evangelos EPISKOPOU has attended programs and there seminars on the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the documentary, screenwriting and photography. He has written the screenplays whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). entitled "The Flying" and "The Overcoming". His works have been distinguished in potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found first in the in UK in early 1960s and it refers to pan-Hellenic competitions and haveat participated international festivals. The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Οι αλλαγές που επέφερε η πανδημία στον τρόπο λειτουργίας της διοίκησης ανθρώπινου δυναμικού στις επιχειρήσεις του δημόσιου και του ιδιωτικού τομέα Προβλήματα και Προοπτικές Της κυρίας Πηνελόπης ΠΑΠΠΑ Μεταπτ. Φοιτήτρ. Προγράμματος επί θεμάτων Δημόσιας Διοίκησης, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Πανεπ. ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect

Εισαγωγή Student of the School of Architecture Στην παρούσα εργασία εξετάζονται τα προβλήματα και οι University προοπτικές που Technical of Crete γεννήθηκαν σε συνθήκες πρωτοφανούς υγειονομικής κρίσης, στον τομέα της 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Διοίκησης Ανθρωπίνων Πόρων και επηρέασαν τόσο τον δημόσιο, όσο και τον 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ιδιωτικό τομέα. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370με BC, Αρχικά, παρουσιάζονται και οι αρμοδιότητες τιςAthens), οποίες among other wise heritage heκάποιοι left us,ορισμοί he established a great the among other wise heritage he left us,definition he established a great “principle”: the είναι επιφορτισμένη η starts Διοίκηση Ανθρώπινου Δυναμικού καιof στη συνέχεια acquisition of knowledge with the of the content concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. αναπτύσσονται οι προκλήσεις και οι προοπτικές εμφανίστηκαν εν μέσω της Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first,που if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and Based, του therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, πως if (in notηthe final, approach, the term πανδημίας ιού Covid-19. Αξίζει να σημειωθεί χρήση της τεχνολογίας urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and στην προσαρμογή του δημοσίου τομέα των ιδιωτικών ωφέλησε gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (in επιχειρήσεων thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a και cityis area, the removal (in various σε μεγάλο βαθμό τη λειτουργία τους, καθώς έδωσε λύσεις σε προβλήματα που Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, προέκυψαν ως φυσικό επακόλουθο των μέτρων που λήφθηκαν από τις ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of κυβερνήσεις ανά τον κόσμο για την αντιμετώπιση της πανδημίας και της the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof κατέστησαν αποτελεσματικές ακόμα σε συνθήκες απομακρυσμένης εργασίας. whatever other consequences has,και results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). Η εργασία θα ολοκληρωθεί με την εξαγωγή συμπερασμάτων που αφορούν potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to τα νέα και τη συνεχή αναγκαία του 1960s δημόσιου και του Theδεδομένα term gentrification found atpeople first inπροσαρμογή the UK in early and itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto ιδιωτικού τομέα σε αυτά. Θα διαπιστώσουμε ότι οι προκλήσεις που the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof αντιμετωπίζουν σεthem, δημόσιο και ιδιωτικό περιβάλλον είναι αρκετά London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes there εργασίας and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. παρεμφερείς, αφού επί της ουσίας και οι δύο τομείς καλούνται αφενός να being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth προστατέψουν τηνofυγεία του προσωπικού τους και αφετέρου ναSociologist διασφαλίσουν A description this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar in other major τη λειτουργικότητά τους. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Στο πλαίσιο της συγγραφής εργασίας θα scholars απαντηθούν cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied otherτης Researchers. Since then, the issue has several and τα forακόλουθα its more ερωτήματα: Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the 1. Ποιές είναιapproach οι προκλήσεις που εντοπίζονται στον τομέα τηςthe Διοίκησης comprehensive are being summarized below, from various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Ανθρώπινου Δυναμικού στην εποχή της πανδημίας του Covid-19; interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups 2. Ποιές νέες μεθόδους έχει υιοθετήσει η Διοίκηση Ανθρωπίνων Πόρων σε to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money δημόσιο και ιδιωτικό τομέα; and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Χρησιμοποιήθηκαν επιστημονικά συγγράμματα, επιστημονικές termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, δημοσιεύσεις και άρθρα επιχειρηματικού περιεχομένου που αναφέρονται στο Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for ανωτέρω ζήτημα. lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and 1. Διοίκηση Πόρων: Ορισμός καιresearch. Αρμοδιότητες University College of Ανθρωπίνων London, where she continued her social Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying Η Διοίκηση Ανθρωπίνων Πόρων είναι τμήμα τηςENGLISH επιχείρησης που her work are characterized by a passion for justice. Seeτο also: COLLINS DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ασχολείται μεCOLLINS το ανθρώπινο δυναμικό, το οποίο και θεωρεί τοthe σημαντικότερο Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aπόρο variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, της επιχείρησης. ΚύριαAbstract. συμβολή του είναι η διαμόρφωση άριστων(actually σχέσεων

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τόσο μεταξύ των εργαζομένων και της επιχείρησης, όσο και μεταξύ των εργαζομένων εντός του εργασιακού περιβάλλοντος, ώστε να ωφελούνται οι εργαζόμενοι, η επιχείρηση αλλά και η κοινωνία (Barney, Wright & Ketchen, 2001, Κωνσταντίνος ΓΕ. Αθανασόπουλος, Επ. Υπεύθ., 2007). Ιδιαίτερα σημαντικό ρόλο για την γενικότερη απόκτηση ενός ανταγωνιστικού πλεονεκτήματος για την επιχείρηση έχει η ανάλογη ανάπτυξη του ανθρώπινου δυναμικού και η συνεχής τριβή των εργαζομένων με νέα By Mr. George-Sp. C.όλα ATHANASOPOULOS γνωστικά πεδία (Boxall, 1996). Είναι, επίσης, σημαντικό δε αυτά να κινούνται University, School of Design, Student, προς την κατεύθυνση τουHarvard οφέλους για την Graduate επιχείρηση και να υιοθετείται ένα Mr.θα George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect πλαίσιο κανόνων και συμπεριφορώνByπου επιτρέψειC.στην επιχείρηση ή τον Student of the School of Architecture οργανισμό να επιτύχει τους στόχους του (Wright, Dunford & Snell 2001). Technical University Για την επίτευξη του σκοπού αυτού τίθενται οι ακόλουθοι στόχοι: of Crete ● Η αύξηση approach: της ανταγωνιστικότητας, η οποία επιτυγχάνεται μέσω της 1. Introductory Defining the concept απασχόλησης καταλληλότερων ατόμων που θα συντελέσουν στο να παραμείνει η 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC επιχείρηση ανταγωνιστική μέσω της επίτευξης των στόχων της.- 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the ● Η βελτίωση της παραγωγικότητας και της εργασιακής ικανοποίησης, με among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. την επισήμανση και επίλυση προβλημάτων του προσωπικού, καθώς και την acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term ανάπτυξη και διευκόλυνση της επικοινωνίας και της συνεργασίας τόσο των 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if μεταξύ notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification εργαζομένων-επιχείρησης και εργαζομένων τους. Κάτι τέτοιο 1 (and urban όσο gentrification gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various εξυπηρετεί τόσο την παραγωγικότητα όσο και την ποιότητα σε επιχειρηματικό Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of όσο social usually of low-incomeσεand the placement επίπεδο, καιgroups, την εργασιακή ικανοποίηση ατομικό επίπεδο. there of artists, ways), of τήρηση social groups, usually of low-income andτην thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of ●Η των νομικών υποχρεώσεων, για εναρμόνιση των σχέσεων the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, νομοθεσία, results also για rising land prices theof και συμβάσεων εργασίας με την τηνof εύρυθμη και(and νομικά whatever otherλειτουργία consequences has, resultsΑφορά also rising of land prices (andκαι the potential relative speculation). συμμορφούμενη της επιχείρησης. το επίπεδο των αμοιβών potential relative speculation). term gentrificationμέχρι is found at first in the UKσύμβασης in early 1960s and it refers to τις The ώρες απασχόλησης τον ορισμό της εργασίας και τη The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of διαδικασία απόλυσης, αποχώρησης και συνταξιοδότησης. the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are ● Η επίτευξη των επιχειρησιακών στόχων γενικότερα, που οδηγεί στην London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. επαρκή αποτελεσματικότητα και επιτυχία του οργανισμού (Παπαλεξανδρή & being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Μπουραντάς, 2002). AΠιο description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work Δυναμικού of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same similar in other major αναλυτικά, η while Διοίκηση του Ανθρώπινου είναι GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Westernμεcountries, by other Researchers. επιφορτισμένη τις ακόλουθες αρμοδιότητες: cities inΠρογραμματισμός Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more 1. Ανθρωπίνων Πόρων. Since then, the has several below, scholars andthe for various its more 2. Ανάλυση και issue Περιγραφή Θέσεων Εργασίας. comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the 3. Προσέλκυση και Επιλογή (Selection) Υποψηφίων. various interpretations of the (Recruitment) phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: Εκπαίδευση Προσωπικού καιof Ανάπτυξη των Ανθρωπίνων Πόρων. In a4.sense, theof phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups 5. Εσωτερική Επικοινωνία. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money 6. Αξιολόγηση απόδοσης προσωπικού. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in 7. safety Ανταμοιβή sense of at theπροσωπικού. distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin,8.where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Εργασιακές σχέσεις. entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) services of health, education, Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for 9. Οργανωσιακή και Διοικητική Ανάπτυξη (Χυτήρης, 2013). lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she came to back to London, Γιαsheναpublished γίνουν καλύτερα κατανοητές οι αρμοδιότητες της teacher Διοίκησης in According 1943 studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued socialμορφή research. brokers Her public and Ανθρωπίνων Πόρων μεher τη σχεδιαγράμματος long-term effortπαρουσιάζονται by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. (Σχεδιάγραμμα 1.1). etc., and selling realCOLLINS estate, for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Σχεδιάγραμμα 1. Πηγή: Παπαλεξανδρή. Ν., (2002). Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, this “change”, regardless of 2. Covid-19: Η προσαρμογή σταetc. νέαHowever δεδομένα, οι προκλήσεις και οι the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof προοπτικές whatever other consequences results also rising of land (and the potential speculation). Απόrelative την αρχή της πανδημίαςhas, το HR απέκτησε έναν ακόμα πιοprices κρίσιμο ρόλο potential relative speculation). termπου gentrification is found first in the UKπου in early 1960s and it refers to απόThe αυτόν ήδη είχε, λόγω τωνatνέων αναγκών προέκυψαν στην αγορά The term found atpeople first in the UK in earlyεύρυθμη 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor εργασίας. Πιοgentrification συγκεκριμένα κλήθηκε να διασφαλίσει την λειτουργία the then observed wealthy sometimes people buyαποτελεσματικότητα property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves there and thus old residents areof μιας επιχείρησης ή trend ενός δημόσιου φορέα, toτην των London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. διαδικασιών, την δομή της οργανωτικότητας και τη διαχείριση του ήδη being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included υπάρχοντος προσωπικού (Ubachs & Ulrici, 2020). in the work of Sociologist Ruth AΣτο description of thisανωτέρω phenomenon is situations includedόπως inwere theήταν workφυσικό of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at πλαίσιο the same period, while αρμοδιοτήτων, similar recorded in other major των η πανδημία GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major του Covid-19 αλλαγές στη Διοίκηση του Ανθρώπινου cities in Westernεπέφερε countries,σημαντικές by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Δυναμικού, καθώς κρίθηκε αναγκαίος ο επαναπροσδιορισμός της for στρατηγικής Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and its more then, the issueανθρώπινων has scholars andτις forαλλαγές, its more και Since της διαχείρισης των πόρων.several Πολλέςbelow, από αυτές comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various μάλιστα, θεωρείται ήρθαν γιαofνα μείνουν. Σύμφωνα με τους ειδικούς οι interpretations of theπως phenomenon gentrification, the following: interpretations of the phenomenon of thecategory following: αλλαγές που the παρατηρήθηκαν κατά διάρκεια πανδημίας στον τομέα της In a sense, phenomenon is dueτη togentrification, a trend ofτης a new of social groups εργασίας είναι θαcity, αφορούν τομείς όπως η for αύξηση τηςreasons: τηλεργασίας, η οποία λόγω to “return” to the leaving the purlieus several high costs in money των συνθηκών, το ποσοστό της εξ’ αποστάσεως εργασίας θα αυξηθεί σε 48%, and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the έναντι του 30% που ίσχυε μέχρι σήμερα. Αυτό πρακτικά σημαίνει ότι 1 στους 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born2in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better Berlin, where she her first studies. In 1932 sheευέλικτης entitled: εργαζομένους θαmade ακολουθήσει αυτή τη μορφή εργασίας καιstudy αυτό ήδη services of health, education, entertainment “at published the heartan ofimportant the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for επηρεάζει ταcost Τμήματα του Ανθρώπινου Δυναμικού, αφούaccess αρμοδιότητά τουςetc. είναι lower living of, in “withdrawal” from private markets, studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, where να φροντίσουν τηνstudies ψηφιακή συνεργασία και τη In χάραξη νέας στρατηγικής in According 1943 she published regarding cityphenomenon planning. 1950 she teacher που in the toγια another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and University College of London, where she continued social research. brokers Her and να συνάδειinformal με τους στόχους της εταιρείας και her δεν θα εμποδίσει τηνpublic αναπτυξιακή long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. τάση της.arereal and selling estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Συνεχίζεται… G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Του κ. Ελευθ. ΒΟΜΒΟΛΑΚΗ Concerns Πτυχ. Αρχιτέκτονα Μηχανικού, Παν. ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος

Ο ΚΟΣΜΟΣ ΤΗΣ ΑΡΧΙΤΕΚΤΟΝΙΚΗΣ ΜΕΣΑ ΑΠΟ ΤΗΝ ΕΞΕΛΙΞΗ ΤΗΣ ΜΑΘΗΜΑΤΙΚΗΣ ΣΚΕΨΗΣ

Οι απεριόριστες αριθμητικές τιμές πηγάζουν από μια μόνο πηγή, το μέτρο 113, το ύψος By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS του στομαχιού ενός ανθρώπου έξι ποδιών, που υπακούει στιςC. παρακάτω κατηγορίες: Το Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, διπλάσιο / Τη χρυσή τομή με πρόσθεση / Τη χρυσή τομή με αφαίρεση. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Le Corbusier, 1948

Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1.Περίληψη Στην παραπάνω διατύπωση του Charles-Édouard Jeanneret-Gris γνωστός ως 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept και Le Corbusier εμπεριέχεται όλη η αξίαthe τηςconcept μαθηματικής σκέψης ως εργαλείου 1. Introductory approach: Defining ANTISTHENIS, the ancient (444 BCσυγκροτώντας - 370 BC, Athens), οργάνωσης του τυχαίου. Ο ίδιος Greek αντλεί philosopher, από τα μαθηματικά νέες ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wiseμεheritage heοργάνωση left us, he established a great the αφαιρετικές δομές στόχο την της μορφής. Η(444 πνευματική αναζήτηση του among other wiseστη heritage left us, he established a greatof “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with the definition of the content concepts. ανθρώπου οδήγησε δημιουργία και την εξέλιξη των επιστημών. Η αρχιτεκτονική acquisition of knowledge starts with theπνεύματος of the content of concepts. Based,την therefore, onτου this “principle” indefinition a first, ifκαθώς, not final, approach, term αποτελεί έκφραση ανθρώπινου μέσω αυτής, τοthe πνεύμα 1 (and Based,μορφή therefore, on this “principle” inindicated aαλλά first,και if (in not final, approach, the term λαμβάνει καιurban υπόσταση. Ως τέχνη ωςthe επιστήμη καθορίζεται, gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification διαμορφώνεται και as αναδεικνύεται μέσα σύνολο άλλων διαφορετικών πεδίων Sociology as well), the “refining” of aαπό cityένα area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology well), asηthe “refining” a city area, removal from this,ανέκαθεν, (inartists, various όπως είναι ηasμουσική, φυσική και ταofμαθηματικά. Ηthe μαθηματική σκέψη, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe placement there of στην πορεία της ιστορίας έχει να αποδώσει εξαιρετικά παραδείγματα άριστης ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of αρχιτεκτονικής σύνθεσης με τα αποτελέσματα αυτής της συνεργασίας να the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (andείναι theof κατασκευές μοναδικές. whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative

potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to 2.Εισαγωγή The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Τα μαθηματικά και ηofμαθηματική σκέψηtoσυνεισφέρουν στην εξέλιξη τηςof the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and thus old residents are αρχιτεκτονικής και των επιστημών σε ένα ευρύτερο πλαίσιο. Η γεωμετρία και London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residentsτα are being indirectly “squeezed”. μαθηματικά αποτέλεσαν και θα αποτελέσουν κινητήρια δύναμη του πολιτισμού. Η being indirectly “squeezed”. A description this phenomenon is εξέλιξης includedόπου, in theοwork of Sociologist Ruth μαθηματική σκέψηofαποτελεί το εργαλείο αριθμός μετατρέπεται σε A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same similar in other σημείο. Αυτό στη συνέχεια σεwhile γραμμή και αργότερα εξελίσσεται σε επίπεδο καιmajor τέλος GLASS atαπόδοση the same period, situations were recorded in other cities inτην Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. έχουμε του τρισδιάστατου χώρου. Δημιουργείται έτσι ένας χώροςmajor που cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issue και hasτην preoccupied several scholars and for its more εκφράζεται με την αρμονία ισορροπία, βασισμένος σε ένα ρυθμό μοναδικό. Since then, the issue preoccupied several scholars andκανείς for various itsναmore comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the «το τυχαίο είναι έναhas πράγμα σπάνιο, μια παγίδα, μπορεί το comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various κατασκευάσει ως ορισμένο σημείο, πολύ δύσκολα,the µεfollowing: τη βοήθεια πολύπλοκων interpretations of ένα the phenomenon of gentrification, interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: συλλογισμών πουof συνοψίζονται που μπορεί κανείς να In a sense, the phenomenon isµε dueμαθηματικούς togentrification, a trend of aτύπους, new of social groups 1 κατασκευάσει ολίγον αλλά ποτέ να το αυτοσχεδιάσει, να το μιμηθεί διανοητικώς .» to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Παρατηρώντας τηthe σχέση αυτήto στο πέρασμα where των αιώνων θα μπορούσαμε να and time to travel from purlieus downtown, work place is, lack of the πούμε ότι, ο άνθρωπος από την εμπειρική γεωμετρία της αρχαιότητας προχωράει στη 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for betterin μελετημένη σκέψη και Inστην εφαρμογή σχεδιασμό Berlin, whereμαθηματική she made her first studies. 1932 she publishedαυτής an important entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of theστον city”,study (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany after continuous movements for κατασκευών πολυσύνθετων πνευματικά αλλά απλών and οπτικά. lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc. studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Από τον Πυθαγόρα και τις γεωμετρικές χαράξεις στο ιδανικά ωραίο where της in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Αναγέννησης και στο λειτουργικό και continued χρήσιμο του Μοντέρνου. H Her αρχιτεκτονική και University College of London, where she her social research. public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying τα μαθηματικά γεννιούνται, και μεταλλάσσονται ανάλογα μεDICTIONARY. την εποχή. her work are characterized by εξελίσσονται a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 1

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Ι. Ξενάκης, «Το µοναστήρι της La Tourette », (Αρχιτεκτονικά Θέµατα, Αθήνα 1987), σ.78

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Και τα δύο πεδία εκφράζουν τους προβληματισμούς και τις εξελίξεις κάθε εποχής έχοντας στο επίκεντρο τον άνθρωπο. Μαθηματικά και αρχιτεκτονική ως επιστήμη και τέχνη, ως λογική και ελευθερία ακολουθούν παράλληλους δρόμους. Ερωτήματα όπως πώς συνδέεται ο κόσμος της νόησης με τον κόσμο των αισθήσεων, ποιες είναι οι άμεσες επιρροές των μαθηματικών στη διαμόρφωση μορφής και χώρου, πως συσχετίζονται οι μορφές και η αίσθηση του ωραίου σε κάθε εποχή καθώς και πώς συσχετίζονται όλα αυτά με τη μαθηματική σκέψη είναι ερωτήματα τα οποία προβληματίζουν και δημιουργούν την ανάγκη για περαιτέρω Όλα αυτά είναι By Mr. George-Sp. C.έρευνα. ATHANASOPOULOS ερωτήματα που δημιουργούν προβληματισμούς όσον αφορά στον τρόπο συσχέτισης Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, των δύο αυτών πεδίων, της αρχιτεκτονικής και των μαθηματικών. Η εξελικτική By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect πορεία του ανθρώπου, μέσα στο πέρασμα των αιώνων της School παγκόσμια ιστορίας, Studentκαι of the of Architecture καταδεικνύει ότι το πεδίο των μαθηματικών αποτελεί ένα δημιουργικό φορτίο το Technical University of Crete οποίο είναι αστείρευτο και έχει μια αμφίδρομη σχέση με την αρχιτεκτονική.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. 3. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Η γεωμετρία καιancient τα μαθηματικά ANTISTHENIS, the Greek philosopher, Ιστορικά, η γεωμετρία αποτελεί τον philosopher, πρώτο κλάδο (444 μαθηματικών έναν ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek BC -“principle”: 370 BC,και Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he establishedτων a great the από τους βασικότερους. Είναι ο κλάδος ο οποίος εφευρέθηκε από τους Αιγύπτιους και among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Βαβυλώνιους έτσι ώστε να μπορέσουν να μετρούν τη γη στις όχθες του Νείλου μετά acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. therefore, on this “principle” first, if of not final, approach, τις Based, πλημμύρες. Οι αρχαίοι Έλληνες, λόγω aτης στενής εμπορικής σχέσηςthe μεterm την 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification Αίγυπτο, σύντομα παρέλαβαν αρκετά αξιόλογα στοιχεία και μπόρεσαν να αναγάγουν 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various τη γεωμετρία σε βαθύτερα σημεία, με τον Θαλή και τον Ευκλείδη, να είναι οι πρώτοι Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement που εκφράζουν νέες σκέψεις και θεωρήσεις. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, However this “change”, regardless of Οι αρχαίοι Έλληνες πίστευαν ότι η etc. γεωμετρία προσφέρει το μέσο, ώστε να the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever otherκόσμος consequences has,των results also rising of land prices (and the ενωθεί ο υλικός με τον κόσμο αισθήσεων. Από πολύ νωρίς, φιλόσοφοι καιof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (andστη the potential relative ερευνητές κατανόησαν αυτή τη θεώρηση και έδωσαν την κατάλληλη σημασία potential relative speculation). μαθηματική και στηisγεωμετρική θεώρηση. Το in αρχιτεκτονικό πεδίο έχει να The term σκέψη gentrification found at first in the UK early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople firstαυτής in the UKθεώρησης in early 1960s and refersofto αναδείξει πολλά παραδείγματα της αξίας ανά τουςitareas αιώνες, the then observed trend ofiswealthy to της buy property in poor the then observed of wealthy people buy της property in poor areas δηλαδή τον τρόποthem, με trend τον οποίο ο υλικόςsometimes κόσμοςto μέσω γεωμετρικής απόδοσης London, upgrade stay themselves there and thus old residents areof συνεισφέρει στην αναγωγή του επισκέπτηsometimes στον κόσμο τωνand αισθήσεων. Αυτή είναι London, upgrade them, stay themselves there thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. και η μεγαλύτερη συνεισφορά της γεωμετρίας στην αρχιτεκτονική. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth γνώση τωνofperiod, αρχαίων Ελλήνων και η κατανόηση γεωμετρικής AΗdescription this phenomenon is situations included inwere theτης work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in otherλογικής major οδήγησαν σεthe μια βαθιά αρχιτεκτονική άνθηση ως αποτέλεσμα μιας ευρύτερης GLASS at same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. πολιτισμικής ακμής. Κατανόησαν ότι Researchers. θα ήταν αδύνατο να προχωρήσουν σε μια cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Since then, the issue has several scholars andαναλογιστούμε for its more ανώτερη αρχιτεκτονική δημιουργία χωρίς τη μαθηματική σκέψη. Αν Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from την πορεία της αρχιτεκτονικής, ανά τους αιώνες, θα μπορούσαμε εύκολα να πούμε ότι comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: οι μεγαλύτερες of επαναστάσεις στην αρχιτεκτονική σε όλη τη διάρκεια των αιώνων interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: In aαπό sense, theof phenomenon is dueof toνέες a trend of a new of social groups έγιναν αρχιτέκτονες που σκέφτηκαν γεωμετρίες. to “return” the city, leaving the purlieus several reasons: high costs in money Αλλά to στη συνέχεια και αρκετά χρόνιαfor αργότερα, οι αρχιτέκτονες έστρεψαν το and timeτους to travel the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack the βλέμμα στηνfrom Ευκλείδεια Γεωμετρία ενώ, σύντομα, η ενασχόληση με of αυτή 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruthθεωρίες GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth σαν GLASS wasbetter born sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for οδήγησε σε νέες διατυπώσεις και απεικόνισης, αυτή τωνin Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: αναγεννησιακών αρχιτεκτόνων Fillippo Brunelleschi, και Leon Baptista Alberti, οι services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for οποίοι μίλησαν για μια προοπτική γεωμετρία. Ο Leonardo Da Vinci (1452‐1519), ως lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, μαθηματικός, φιλόσοφος, αρχιτέκτονας, μηχανολόγος, γλύπτης, μουσικός in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. Inζωγράφος, 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and University informal College where she her social research. Her public and ασχολήθηκε με of τηLondon, γεωμετρία καιcontinued μεgroups, μαθηματική σκέψη brokers εμπνεύστηκε και long-term effort by organized manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. also:προς COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. δημιούργησε. Τα μαθηματικά αποτέλεσαν τοSee θέμα συζήτηση για πολλούς and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: αρχιτέκτονες της εποχής με την επιτυχία του έργου τους να βασίζεται στην G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually πρωτοπορία της εφαρμογής της.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

4.Σύνδεση μεταξύ μαθηματικών και αρχιτεκτονικής Εκ πρώτης όψεως, θα μπορούσαμε να πούμε ότι μιλάμε για δύο διαφορετικά πεδία ανεξάρτητα μεταξύ τους και αυτό διότι βασίζονται σε διαφορετικά μοντέλα σκέψης. Στην πραγματικότητα όμως τα δύο μοντέλα σκέψης είναι πολύ κοντά. Η γεωμετρική γνώση και η ευρύτερη μαθηματική σκέψη συνέβαλε αποφασιστικά στον κλάδο της αρχιτεκτονικής και στην εξέλιξή της. Η γεωμετρία της αρχιτεκτονικής σύνθεσης είναι βασικό στοιχείο μετάλλαξης και πειραματισμού, καθώς, οι εκάστοτε αρχιτέκτονες, από πολύ νωρίς, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS πειραματίστηκαν και αντιλήφθηκαν τη γεωμετρία ως το εργαλείο μαθηματικών Harvard University, Graduate School ofτων Design, Student, που ορίζει και δημιουργεί τον χώρο, που αποτελεί βασικό στοιχείο για την By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect αρχιτεκτονική. Student of the School of Architecture Προσπαθώντας να κατανοήσουμε την αξία Technical της γεωμετρίας γιαof Crete την University αρχιτεκτονική δημιουργία, θα μπορούσαμε να πούμε ότι αυτή δεν είναι, απλώς, οι εξωτερικές μορφές των τρισδιάστατων όπως αυτό θα ίσχυε για ένα γλυπτό. 1. Introductory approach: Definingόγκων, the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Αντιθέτως, στην αρχιτεκτονική, σημασία έχει η επιφάνεια, όπου ή κοίλη ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCάλλοτε - 370 κυρτή BC, Athens), και άλλοτε επίπεδη, περικλείει ένανGreek χώρο. philosopher, Και αυτό, διότι, στην αρχιτεκτονική δεν ANTISTHENIS, the ancient (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the υπάρχει ουσιαστικά κενός χώρος. Η γεωμετρική λογική συνεισφέρει στην οργάνωση among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the του χώρου και απόδοση ηρεμίας σε αυτόν. Ο κάθε acquisition ofστην knowledge starts withκαι theισορροπίας definition of the content of οργανωμένος concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, theμορφή term χώρος με τα κατάλληλα ανοίγματα με τις σωστές αναλογίες και τη σωστή 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) gentrification έρχεται να φιλοξενήσει ένα σύνολο από δραστηριότητες δίδοντας ουσία στον χώρο.(or 1

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gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways),5.Η of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, αναγκαιότητα της μαθηματικής σκέψης ways), social groups, of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of Η of αναγκαιότητα τηςusually μαθηματικής λογικής για τον κλάδο της αρχιτεκτονικής the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results μια alsoποιητική rising ofγνώση, land prices (andτους theof είναι αδιαμφισβήτητη και σίγουρα αποτελεί όπου, ανά whatever other consequences rising ofσεland prices κλάδους (and the potential relative speculation). αιώνες, οδήγησε τους αρχιτέκτονες has, αλλά results και τουςalso επιστήμονες διάφορους potential relative speculation). γιαThe μια βαθύτερη ανάλυση των πραγμάτων. μέσα από and τη μαθηματική term gentrification is found at first Οinαρχιτέκτονας, the UK in early 1960s it refers to Theκατανόησε term gentrification found atpeople first the UK in early and itareas refersofto λογική, καλύτερα τη λογική τωνinκατασκευών και 1960s της συμπεριφοράς the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy people to there buyπεδία property in poor areas αυτών ενώ, ταυτόχρονα, από ταsometimes μαθηματικά και old τους διάφορους London, upgrade them, stayμέσα themselves and thus residents areof κλάδους, κατάφερε να αποδώσει στις κατασκευές στοιχεία όπως η old ελαφρότητα, η London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ισορροπία και η αρμονία με το σύνολο. Ο αριθμός Φ, η χρήση της χρυσής τομής, η being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth σπείρα αποτελούν και εκφράζουν μαθηματικές εκφράσεις της μαθηματικής σκέψης A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major όπου απέδωσαν τεράστια σύνολα πληροφορίας και έδωσαν βάση για εξέλιξη GLASS at the same period, situations were τη recorded in την other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. για πολλές επιστήμες, μαζί με αυτές, και της αρχιτεκτονικής. Για να συλλάβει κανείς cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then,και theναissue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more μια κατασκευή δώσειhas τις ακριβείς της αναλογίες, θα πρέπειand να ακολουθήσει Since then, the issue preoccupied several below, scholars for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from the τόσο το μονοπάτι της διαίσθησης όσοbeing και των μαθηματικών. comprehensive approach are summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a6.sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Ο Κλασικισμός και η μαθηματική σκέψη to “return” to the city,και leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Το πιο άρτιο μεγαλειώδες αρχιτεκτόνημα της κλασικής εποχής που and time to travel fromτου the μέτρου, purlieusτου to downtown, where work place is, lack of the ενστερνίζεται τις αρχές ρυθμού και της τάξης είναι ο Παρθενώνας. Η 1.of The term from Sociologist GLASS, 1912-1940. GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for μορφή του αντανακλά την αίσθηση τηςRuth απόλυτης ομορφιάς τωνRuth αρχαίων Ελλήνων. Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Τοofαπόλυτα ωραίο προκύπτει μέσα από ανάλυση, από τον services health, education, entertainment “atλογική the heart of theπηγάζει city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for αριθμό και τη μετατροπή του σε γεωμετρικές ή αρμονικές αναλογίες όπως η etc. χρυσή lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where τομή. Το she απόλυτα ωραίο πηγάζει, κατά την ποιητικήInφιλοσοφία των Ελλήνων, από in According 1943 published studies regarding city planning. 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social Her public and την αρμονία, το μέτρο και την τάξη, που αποτελούν και τιςresearch. αρχές της δημιουργίας της long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. φύσης, του ανθρώπου των κατασκευών του.See and selling real estate,και etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Ο Ελληνικός δωρικός και ιωνικός ναός αποτελείται, στην κάτοψη, από πρόναο, G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

ναό και άδυτο, στην όψη από βάση, κορμό και στέψη. Η αρμογή των διαστάσεων του 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Παρθενώνα γίνεται με βάση την έκφραση της αναλογίας μέσω ρητών, άρρητων και άλογων αριθμών. Σύμφωνα με τη θεωρία του Hambidge2 το ορθογώνιο στο οποίο εγγράφεται η όψη αποτελείται από δύο κατακόρυφα Φ ορθογώνια, μεταξύ των οποίων, υπάρχει ακόμη ένα και επιπλέον δύο τετράγωνα. Η αναλογία του συνολικού είναι 2:Φ 4 . Το ορθογώνιο αυτό διαιρείται από μια οριζόντια γραμμή ΑΒ με αναλογία χρυσής τομής.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of όψης the phenomenon ofΕικόνα gentrification, the following: Εικόνα 1: Ανάλυση κατά 2: Σκίτσο Παρθενώνα με την αναλογία της χρυσής interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: Inθεωρία a sense, theof phenomenon is dueτομής. togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups τη τουHambidge to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place Συνεχίζεται… is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth2 Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for O Hambidge χωρίζει τα ορθογώνια σε στατικά, δηλαδή έχουν σχέση πλευρών ακέραιο lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London andόσα New York she came back to London, ή in κλασματικό π.χ. 1,2,1/2,1/3 .. και σε δυναμικά, όσα In έχουν πλευρών ασύμμετρο ή 1943 sheαριθμό published studies regarding city planning. 1950 sheto became teacher in the According to another approach, the phenomenon is σχέση due a systematic and Universityαριθμό College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and , ευκλείδειο π.χ. long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a από passion for justice. See also:εμβάτης COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Ο αριθμός που προκύπτει τηdepreciation σχέση αυτή καλείται του ορθογωνίου. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo initially of partmodule of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Κατ’ αυτόν στην αρχαία ελληνική τέχνη μεταχειρίστηκαν κυρίως τα δυναμικά ορθογώνια με σχέση G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually πλευρών

, και Φ=1,618

197 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention,

Βελτίωση της φαρμακευτικής αγωγής εθισμού σε οπιοειδή Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns ofαποδέσμευσης Gentrification μέσω παρατεταμένης ναλτρεξόνης: συγκριτική, πειραματική, εργαστηριακή προσέγγιση Concerns Του κ. Στέφ. ΣΕΦΕΡ-ΚΑΒΒΑΔΙΑ,

ΕΚΠΑ,C. Τμήμα Φαρμακευτικής By Φοιτητή Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect 1. Εισαγωγή Student of the School of Architecture Πληθώρα προβλημάτων υγείας και κοινωνικών σχέσεων, όπως Technical University of Crete αυξημένος κίνδυνος για τον ιό HIV, θνησιμότητα, εγκληματικότητα, ανεργία

198

και1.διαταραγμένες διαπροσωπικές σχέσεις σχετίζονται με την εξάρτηση από Introductory approach: Defining the concept ναρκωτικές ουσίες, με τα οπιοειδή να καταλαμβάνουν προεξέχουσα θέση. Ο 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, - 370 BC, Athens), εθισμός στα οπιοειδήthe θεωρείται γι΄αυτό σημαντικό πρόβλημα για BC, τη δημόσια ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the υγεία (Haug et al., 2005) και χαρακτηρίζεται ως «χρόνια υποτροπιάζουσα among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the ασθένεια» και αποτελεί σημαντική ανησυχία τηthe δημόσια υγεία (Haug et acquisition of knowledge starts with the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first,για if of not final, approach, the term al., 2005), όπως άλλωστε ο εν γένει εθισμός σε ναρκωτικές ουσίες και στο 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and αλκοόλ (Voon etas the al.,“refining” 2020). Πέραν της κοινωνικής υποστήριξης και gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), of a cityisarea, the removal this, (in various ψυχοθεραπευτικής αντιμετώπισης, η θεραπεία της εξάρτησης από τα Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, οπιοειδή στη φαρμακευτική αγωγή. ways), ofβασίζεται social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of Υπάρχουν τρεις κύριες κατηγορίες φαρμακευτικών θεραπειών έναντι the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof της εξάρτησης τα οπιοειδή, οι results οποίες also αφορούν των whatever otherαπό consequences has, rising στους of landαγωνιστές prices (and the potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). οπιοειδών, ανταγωνιστές, τα in μηthe οπιοειδή φάρμακα. Μίαit refers από τις The term τους gentrification is foundκαι at first UK in early 1960s and to Theδιαδεδομένες term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in earlyέναν 1960s and itareas refersofto πλέον φαρμακευτικές αγωγές ανταγωνιστή the then observed trend ofiswealthy to στηρίζεται buy property in poor the οπιοειδών then observed trend wealthy people to there buy inγια poor areas των την ναλτρεξόνη, καθότι μειώνει τηνproperty επιθυμία οπιοειδή, London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay sometimes there residents are μπορεί να χορηγηθεί και themselves εκτός νοσοκομείου, ενώ and δεν thus έχειold δυνατότητες being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. κατάχρησης (Minozzi al., 2006). is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description of thisetphenomenon A description of this phenomenon is όμως included inwere theασθενείς work of Sociologist Ruth Κατά τηsame διάρκεια μίας θεραπείας αρκετοί ξεχνούν GLASS at the period, while similar situations recorded in otherσυχνά major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major κάποια δόση, λαμβάνοντας στην Researchers. συνέχεια διπλή δόση στον επόμενο χρόνο cities in Western countries, by other cities in Western countries, byΑυτό otherέχει Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and περιπτώσεις for its more χορήγησης σε αντιστάθμιση. ως συνέπεια σε ορισμένες Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from the να μην επιτυγχάνονται τα θεραπευτικά επίπεδα, ενώbelow, σε άλλες περιπτώσεις να comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: εμφανίζονται ανεπιθύμητες (παρ)ενέργειες. Για το λόγο αυτό, ειδικά στην interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, μακροπρόθεσμων theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trendπολλών of a new of social groups περίπτωση θεραπειών νόσων, συνίσταται η to “return” to theμεσοδιαστημάτων city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high ο costs in money παράταση των της δοσολογίας, έτσι ώστε ασθενής να and time toτοtravel from the to downtown, where placeή is, lackφορές of the λαμβάνει φάρμακο, μίαpurlieus μόνο φορά την ημέρα, αντίwork για δύο τρεις 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, την ημέρα. Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services ofσυστήματα health, education, entertainment “at παρατεταμένης the heart of the city”, (possibly) μεταφοράς φαρμάκων αποδέσμευσης YouthΤα Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.του studies and in Geneva, Prague, London andχρόνου, New York που she came back to London, where μπορούν ναresearch οδηγήσουν στην αύξηση του η συγκέντρωση in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and φαρμάκου στο πλάσμα είναι μέσα στο θεραπευτικό εύρος, μειώνοντας τις University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying ανεπιθύμητες ενέργειεςby και αυξάνοντας συμμόρφωση των DICTIONARY. ασθενών. her work are characterized a passion for justice. την See also: COLLINS ENGLISH and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: (Perrie et al., 2016). Υπάρχουσες μελέτες έχουν καταδείξει ενθαρρυντικά Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aαποτελέσματα, variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually και ιδιαίτερα από εναλλακτικές χορηγήσεις της,

2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

συμπεριλαμβανομένης της παρατεταμένης αποδέσμευσης, επιτυγχάνοντας αύξηση διάρκειας δράσης και καλύτερη συμμόρφωση, λόγω της λιγότερο συχνής χορήγησής της (Comer et al., 2006). Για τον λόγο αυτό θεωρείται σκόπιμο να ερευνηθεί περαιτέρω η παρατεταμένη αποδέσμευση θεραπειών εξάρτησης σε οπιοειδή, και συγκεκριμένα της ναλτρεξόνης, η οποία αποτελεί, μια από τις πλέον διαδεδομένες φαρμακευτικές αγωγές. Η παρούσα μελέτη είναι στην γραμμή υπαρχουσών ερευνών By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS (Papadopoulou et al., 2005; Efentakis et al., 2000; Vlachou et al., 2000) και Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, εξετάζει συγκριτικά την διάφοραByπαρασκευαζόμενα δισκία ναλτρεξόνης Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect παρατεταμένης αποδέσμευσης με στόχο την εύρεση του καταλληλότερου Student of the School of Architecture προς αποδέσμευσή στο στόμαχο και στο λεπτό έντερο. Για τον σκοπόofαυτό Technical University Crete τα δισκία παρασκευάζονται με τρία διαφορετικά έκδοχα, δηλαδή αδρανείς 1. Introductory approach: Defining the δισκία conceptπέραν της φαρμακευτικής ουσίες που συμπεριλαμβάνονται στα 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ουσίας. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), amongΤα other wiseπροσδίδουν heritage heστα left δραστικά us, he established a great the έκδοχα συστατικά επιθυμητές ιδιότητες among other wiseδιαμορφώνουν heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. και ως εκ τούτου το φάρμακο επηρεάζοντας σε σημαντικό acquisition ofποιότητα knowledge starts with theindefinition the content concepts. Based,την therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term βαθμό και τα χαρακτηριστικά του. Τα ofέκδοχα που 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the του term gentrification) is the area (or gentrification χρησιμοποιήθηκαν στην παρούσα μελέτη είναι: Polyox ή of Planning) οξείδιο 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various πολυαιθυλενίου (ΡΕΟ), Eudragit ή πολυμεθακρυλικά πολυμερή και στεατικό Sociology as as the “refining” of a city area, removal from (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of υποστηρίζει low-income and the placement of μαγνήσιο. Η well), παρούσα μελέτη οτιthe ανάλογα με there τοthis, στόχο του ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of σχεδιασμού μίας φαρμακοτεχνικής μορφής καιthis τον επιθυμητό τρόπο the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the αποδέσμευσης του δραστικού συστατικού, επιλέγονται τα κατάλληλα έκδοχα,of whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative για την παράταση/τροποποίηση της αποδέσμευσης εντός προκαθορισμένου potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to χρονικού διαστήματος. The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Συγκεκριμένα η συγκριτική πειραματική εργαστηριακή μελέτη των the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents τριών εκδόχων καταδεικνύει ότι, ως προς there την δυνατότητά τους are να London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. παρατείνουν την“squeezed”. αποδέσμευση της υδροχλωρικής ναλτρεξόνης, η απουσία being indirectly of this phenomenon included in the work αποδέσμευση of Sociologist Ruth τουAAdescription εκδόχου Eudragit οδηγεί σε isis σχετικά της description ofperiod, this phenomenon includedταχύτερη inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations in other major δραστικής ουσίας. Επιπλέον, όταν μεταβάλλονται οι αναλογίες του Polyox GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. και του Eudragit,countries, με την ποσότητα του Eudragit L100-55 να αυξάνεται, η cities in Western by other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more αποδέσμευση τηςthe δραστικής ουσίας επιβραδύνεται. Since then, issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from Το παρόν άρθρο έχει την εξής διάταξη πέραν της εισαγωγής: η Ενότητα comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: 2interpretations σκιαγραφεί ενofτάχει το θεωρητικό πλαίσιο, τα υλικά, όργανα και μεθόδους the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups διεξαγωγής της έρευνας, καθώς και τα αποτελέσματα. Τέλος στα to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money συμπεράσματα ανακεφαλαιώνονται περιληπτικά τα ευρήματα. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin,2.where she made her first studies. Inαποτελέσματα 1932 she published an important study entitled: Εργαστηριακή έρευνα και services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for YouthΕργαστηριακή Unemployment. The sameπου year διεξήχθη she left Germany and afterΠτυχιακής continuous Εργασίας έρευνα στα πλαίσια 5 lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, (ΣΕΦΕΡ-ΚΑΒΒΑΔΙΑΣ και ΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΑΚΗΣ, 2021), μελετήθηκε η αποδέσμευση in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her socialδιάλυσης research. brokers Her public and της ένωσης Naltrexone σε δύο μέσα με pH 1.2 και 6.8 long-term informal efforthydrochloride, by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. αντίστοιχα, μέσω του σχεδιασμού κατάλληλων συστημάτων ελεγχόμενης and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: αποδέσμευσης από υδρόφιλες πολυμερικές μήτρες. Η ναλτρεξόνη επιδρά G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

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ανταγωνιζόμενη τους υποδοχείς των οπιοειδών, με υψηλότερη συγγένεια ως προς τους υποδοχείς, τύπου μ, με αξιοσημείωτα θεραπευτικά αποτελέσματα έναντι της εξάρτησης και του εθισμού, που προκαλούνται από τα οπιοειδή και το αλκοόλ. Παρασκευάστηκαν δισκία παρατεταμένης αποδέσμευσης, για τη μελέτη της αποδέσμευσής της από συγκεκριμένα συστήματα μεταφοράς φαρμάκων. Τα αποτελέσματα τα οποία ελήφθησαν από τις μελέτες της By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS αποδέσμευσης, της Naltrexone hydrochloride, υποδηλώνουν ότι η απουσία Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, του εκδόχου, Eudragit L100-55, οδηγεί σε σχετικά ταχύτερη αποδέσμευση της By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect δραστικής ουσίας από τα συγκεκριμένα δισκία. Επιπλέον, όταν Student of the School of Architecture μεταβάλλονται οι αναλογίες του Polyox (7 x 106) και του Eudragit L100-55, Technical University of Crete με την ποσότητα του Eudragit L100-55 να αυξάνεται, η αποδέσμευση της 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept δραστικής ουσίας επιβραδύνεται. 1. Introductory Defining the concept (444 Όσον αφορά approach: στηancient στατιστική των BC αποτελεσμάτων, και ANTISTHENIS, the Greekεπεξεργασία philosopher, - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among heritage heτων left us, he established(444 a great the μετά other από wise προσαρμογή διαφορετικών εμπειρικών μοντέλων among other wise left us,definition he established a greatότι the acquisition of knowledge startshe with the of the content of“principle”: concepts. αποδέσμευσης στα heritage πειραματικά δεδομένα, παρατηρήθηκε το μοντέλο acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content ofσε concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, ifπροσαρμογές not final, approach, the term Korsmeyer-Peppas αποφέρει ικανοποιητικές όλες τις 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a εργασίας first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification συνταγές. Τα δεδομένα της παρούσας ακολουθούν κανονική 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various κατανομή, και επομένως, η στατιστική επεξεργασία διεξήχθη μέσω των Sociology as well), as the “refining” of aANOVA. city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement παραμετρικών δοκιμασιών, t-test και ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, of Τέλος, κατά τη διάρκεια της παραγωγής δισκίων, αλλά καιregardless στα έτοιμα the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the δισκία, πραγματοποιήθηκαν κρίσιμοι έλεγχοι που αφορούν στην ποιότητάof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative τους. Μέσω των ελέγχων αυτών, διαπιστώθηκε ότι οι ιδιότητες και τα potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first inτις theαπαραίτητες UK in early 1960s and it refers Οι to χαρακτηριστικά των δισκίων πληρούν προδιαγραφές. The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor έλεγχοι που έγιναν περιλαμβάνουν την ομοιομορφία βάρους, την the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof ομοιομορφία πάχους, καθώς και τη μέτρηση London, upgrade them, τη stayμέτρηση themselvesσκληρότητας, sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ευθρυπτότητας των δισκίων. Με βάση αυτά τα αποτελέσματα, διαπιστώθηκε being indirectly “squeezed”. description of εντός this phenomenon is included the work of Sociologist Ruth ότιA τα είναι των προδιαγραφών τηςinin Ελληνικής A δισκία description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included the recorded workΦαρμακοποιίας. of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar were major Ως atσυμβολή στην αντιμετώπιση της υγειονομικής καιininother κοινωνικής GLASS the same period, while similar situations were recorded other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. μάστιγας του εθισμού στα οπιοειδή, και ειδικά για την παρατεταμένη cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more αποδέσμευση εξάρτησης σε οπιοειδή, και συγκεκριμένα της Since then,θεραπειών the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from ναλτρεξόνης, η approach οποία αποτελεί, μια από τιςbelow, πλέονfrom διαδεδομένες comprehensive are being summarized the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: φαρμακευτικές αγωγές, η παρούσα of μελέτη παρασκεύασε δισκία για τη μελέτη interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups της τροποποιημένης αποδέσμευσης της υδροχλωρικής ναλτρεξόνης, στόχο to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs με in money την εύρεση των κατάλληλων εκδόχων για την αποδέσμευσή της στο στόμαχο and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the και στο λεπτό έντερο, δηλαδή σε pHRuth 1.2 GLASS, και 6.8,1912-1940. αντίστοιχα. Συμπερασματικά, 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search Berlin, whereτων she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an να important study entitled: η κατάταξη εκδόχων, ως προς την δυνατότητά τους παρατείνουν την services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year sheναλτρεξόνης, left Germany and after Polyox continuous αποδέσμευση της υδροχλωρικής είναι (7 x 106) <for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Eudragit Η approach, παρούσα έρευνα στον σχεδιασμό in According 1943 sheL100-55. published studies regarding city planning.συμβάλει In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another the phenomenon is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public and φαρμακοτεχνικών μορφών για τηνgroups, επίτευξη του επιθυμητού τρόπου long-term informal effort by organized manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. αποδέσμευσης του etc., δραστικού συστατικού, επιλέγοντας τα κατάλληλα and selling realCOLLINS estate, for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: έκδοχα, τα οποία επιτρέπουν την παράταση/τροποποίηση της αποδέσμευσης G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Βιβλιογραφία Comer SD, Sullivan MA, Yu Concerns E, Rothenberg JL, Kleber HD, Kampman K, Dackis

εντός προκαθορισμένου χρονικού διαστήματος, και κατά συνέπεια την διευκόλυνση της φαρμακευτικής θεραπείας των ασθενών. C, O'Brien CP. Injectable, sustained-release naltrexone for the treatment of opioid dependence: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2006 By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Feb;63(2):210-8. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.63.2.210. PMID: 16461865; PMCID: Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, PMC4200530. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Efentakis M, Vlachou M. (2000). Evaluation of high molecularArchitect weight Student of the School of Architecture poly(oxyethylene) (Polyox) polymer: studies of flow properties and release rates Technical University of Crete of furosemide and captopril from controlled-release hard gelatin capsules. Pharm Dev1.Technol. 2000;5(3):339-46. doi: 10.1081/pdt-100100549. PMID: 10934733. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Haug, N. A., Sorensen, J. L., Gruber, V. A., & Song, Y. S. Relapse for 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370prevention ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BC, Athens), opioid dependence. In G. A. Marlatt & D. M. Donovan (Eds.), Relapse prevention: ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the Maintenance strategies in the treatment of addictive behaviors, 2005, p. 151−178. among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the 2nd Edition, New York, NY:starts Guilford acquisition of knowledge withPress. theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Minozzi S, Amato L, Vecchi S, Davoli M, Kirchmayer U, Verster the A. Oral 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, term (and urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification naltrexone maintenance treatment for opioid dependence. Cochrane Database 1 gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various Syst Rev. 2006 Jan as25;(1):CD001333. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001333.pub2. Sociology as well), the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), ofin:social groups, usuallySyst of low-income and the placement of artists, Update Database 2011;(2):CD001333. PMID:there 16437431. ways), of Cochrane social groups, usually ofRev. low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of Papadopoulou V, Kosmidis K, Vlachou M,However Macheras P. “change”, (2005). Onregardless the use of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. this of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the the Weibull function for the discernment of drug release mechanisms. Int J Pharm. whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential speculation).doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2005.10.044. Epub 2005 Dec 2006 Febrelative 17;309(1-2):44-50. potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to 20. PMID: 16376033. The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the buy UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of property in poor Perrie, Y., Rades, T., & Graeser, K. (2016).to Principles of controlled release. In the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof A. M. Hillery, & K. Park (Eds.), Drug Delivery: Fundamentals and Applications (pp. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. 25-46). doi.org/10.1201/9781315382579. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description this N, phenomenon is included theAndreopoulos work of Sociologist Ruth Vlachou M,ofHani Efentakis M, Tarantili in PA, AG. (2000). A description of this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS theuse same while similar in other Polymersatfor in period, controlled release systems: the effectrecorded of surfactants onmajor their GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. swelling properties. J Biomater Appl. 2000 Jul;15(1):65-77. doi: 10.1106/GX1Tcities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more 2JC6-QWC6-69GC. PMID: 10972160. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from Voon V, Grodin E, Mandali A, Morris L, Doñamayor N, Weidacker K, Kwako comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations phenomenon of gentrification, following: NeuroImaging L, Goldman D,of the Koob GF, Momenan R. (2020).the Addictions interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense,(ANIA): theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new of use social groups Assessment Towards an integrative framework for alcohol disorder. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus 2020 for several reasons: high costs in money Neurosci Biobehav Rev. Jun;113:492-506. doi: and time to travel from the purlieusEpub to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.04.004. 2020 Apr 13. PMID: 32298710. The termat comes fromΣ.Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside town Μελέτες centres, for Σέφερ-Καββαδίας, και Στρατηγάκης, Α. (2021). παρατεταμένης Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) αποδέσμευσης της Naltrexone hydrochloride (υδροχλωρική 17Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. (κυκλοπροπυλμεθυλ)-4,5α-επoξυ-3,14-διυδρoξυμορφιναν-6-όνη), από στερεές studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the isΕργαστήριο due a systematic and φαρμακοτεχνολογικές μορφές. Πτυχιακή Εργασία, του Τομέα University informal College of London, where her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying Φαρμακευτικής Τεχνολογίας υπόshe τηνcontinued επίβλεψη της Αναπληρώτριας Καθηγήτριας her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of partΑθηνών: of the urban web, in Μαριλένας Βλάχου. Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθήνα. 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Σύγκριση των διαφορετικών GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, προσεγγίσεων των θεωριών Definition, Types ofδιαπιστώσεις intervention, Concerns of Τελικές Gentrification προσωπικότητας. Concerns Των κυριών Σταμ. ΜΗΤΡΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ, Αγγελ. ΜΑΡΜΑΡΑ,

Α. - Μ. ΜΙΧΑΛΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ, Ελ. ΜΟΥΓΚΟΥ, Χ. - Μ. ΜΟΥΝΤΟΥΦΑΡΗ, Μ. ΜΠΑΛΑ, Αικ. ΜΑΚΙΡΛΗ

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS 1 Φοιτητρ. ΨΥΧΟΛΟΓΙΑΣ, Πανεπ. ΔΥΤΙΚΗΣ ΜΑΚΕΔΟΝΙΑΣ HarvardΤμ. University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Περίληψη Student of the School of Architecture Στην παρούσα εργασία στόχο αποτελεί η ανίχνευση των University ομοιοτήτων και Technical of Crete

των διαφορών μεταξύ των θεωριών της προσωπικότητας. Αρχικά, 1. Introductory Defining concept παρουσιάζονται οι approach: κεντρικές ιδέες των the θεωριών της προσωπικότητας, έπειτα οι 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ομοιότητες και οι διαφορές μεταξύ τους και, τέλος, προσωπική άποψη για ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher,η(444 BC - 370μας BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), την πιο other αξιόπιστη ύστερα από συστηματική των θεωριών. the among wiseθεωρία, heritage he left us,τηhe establishedμελέτη a great “principle”: among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Ψυχοδυναμική acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, onπροσέγγιση this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Η ψυχοδυναμική μια Σχολή,is κύριος εκπρόσωπος της the ήτανterm ο 1 (and urban Based, therefore, onείναι this “principle” inπου a first, if (in not final, approach, gentrification) indicated the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Sigmund FREUD, που ήταν νευρολόγος και ψυχίατρος και ‘πατέρας’ της gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Ψυχολογίας. Ασχολήθηκε κυρίως με την υπεροχή του ασυνείδητου και την Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, κρίσιμη σημασία των πρώιμων εμπειριών. Ακόμη, μίλησε για τη ψυχική αιτιότητα ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of και επικεντρώθηκε κυρίως σε τρία βασικά μοντέλα α) το τυπογραφικό μοντέλο, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof β)whatever το ψυχοσεξουαλικό και γ) το δομικό μοντέλο. Σχολήofαυτή otherspeculation). consequences has, results alsoΗrising landπροσπάθησε prices (and να the potential relative εξηγήσει γιατί κάποιοι άνθρωποι αναπτύσσονται κανονικά και άλλοι με potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to ψυχοπαθολογικά προβλήματα. Αντιθέτως με the τονUK Freud, αλλά1960s συμβάδιζε με τηνto The term gentrification found atpeople first in in early and itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor of κλασική του θεωρία ήταν ο Erikson. Ωστόσο, όσον αφορά τις σύγχρονες the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof προσεγγίσεις, πουthem, και αυτές ήταν αντίθετες, ήταν των μαθητών του Alfred London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ALDER (ψυχαναλυτής) και Carl G. JUNG (ψυχαναλυτής). Άλλοι ψυχαναλυτές ήταν being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth η Karen HORNEY και othis Harry Stack SULLIVAN και η in Nancy CHODOROW. A description ofperiod, phenomenon is situations included the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar were in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Συμπεριφορισμός cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has forαιώνα its more Ο Συμπεριφορισμός κυριαρχούσε στο several πρώτο scholars ήμισυ τουand 20ου ως Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from Σχολή Σκέψης στην Ψυχολογία, στη συνέχεια όμως η επιρροή του έπεσε κάθετα. comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the gentrification, thebelow, following: Ωστόσο, η κλασική καιphenomenon συντελεστικήofμάθηση συνεχίζουν να αποτελούν μέρος της interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, trend of a new of social groups σύγχρονης Ψυχολογίας (DOMJAN, 2005 /a STADDON & CERRUTI, 2003). Σύμφωνα to “return” to the city, leaving theηpurlieus for several reasons: costs in money λοιπόν με τον Συμπεριφορισμό προσωπικότητα του ατόμουhigh είναι αποτέλεσμα and to travel theπεριβάλλον purlieus to (CERVONE downtown,&where work2013). place Αποτελεί is, lack of μια the των time εμπειριών τουfrom με το PERVIN, 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist GLASS, Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, μηχανιστική θεωρία αφού βλέπει το Ruth άτομο ως μια1912-1940. μηχανή και ερευνά πώς μπορεί Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of αυτή health,η education, “atαυτή the heart of the city”, (possibly) να μάθει μηχανή. Ηentertainment αντιμετώπιση από τουςfor Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany andτων after ανθρώπων continuous movements lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.που Συμπεριφοριστές, μηχανές, έχειLondon ως αποτέλεσμα θέση studies and researchως in Geneva, Prague, and New Yorkμια she φιλοσοφική came to back to London, where in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher in the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and ονομάζεται Ντετερμινισμός. Ντετερμινισμός, όταν αφορά σε θέματα ανθρώπινης University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 1 Εργασία εκπονηθείσα στα πλαίσια του Μαθήματος «Θεωρίες Προσωπικότητος». G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

συμπεριφοράς, “είναι η πίστη πως η συμπεριφορά των ατόμων διέπεται από επιστημονικούς νόμους”. Δύο βασικές θέσεις του Συμπεριφορισμού είναι, ότι α) η συμπεριφορά έχει αιτιολογική σχέση αντίδρασης του περιβάλλοντος στον άνθρωπο και β) οι θεωρίες κατανόησης θα πρέπει αποκλειστικά να στηρίζονται σε ελεγχόμενη επιστημονική έρευνα, με ζώα ή με ανθρώπους. Όσον αφορά στα ζώα, οι Συμπεριφοριστές ήταν υπέρ της χρήσης πειραματόζωων, είτε ανθρώπων είτε ζώων. Η θεωρία ωστόσο του Συμπεριφορισμού χτίστηκε πάνω σε πειράματα Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS σε ζώα γιατί αυτά αποτελούν “απλά By συστήματα” για μελέτη. Μια άλλη ισχυρή Harvard Graduate of Design,βούληση, Student, θέση των Συμπεριφοριστών είναι University, ότι οι άνθρωποι δεν School έχουν ελεύθερη By Mr.κόσμου. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect αφού αποτελούν τμήμα του φυσικού Συγκεκριμένα ο SKINNER, of theπως School of Architecture “αναγνώριζε, ότι οι άνθρωποι δεν θέλουν ναStudent πιστεύουν η συμπεριφορά Technical University of Crete ελέγχεται, και επομένως θα ταχθούν εναντίον της εφαρμογής συμπεριφοριστικής τεχνολογίας. Ωστόσο, έφτασε Defining στο άλλοthe άκρο, ισχυριζόμενος, ότι η συμπεριφορά 1. Introductory approach: concept πάντοτε ελέγχεται από το περιβάλλον. Ιδρυτής του Συμπεριφορισμού υπήρξε ο 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, - 370 BC,Behavior”. Athens), WATSON ο οποίος τράβηξε την προσοχή με το άρθρο(444 του BC “WATSON’s ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Έδινε ιδιαίτερη βαρύτητα στη μελέτη της παρατήρησης της συμπεριφοράς. among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Ιδιαίτερα σημαντική είναι η θεωρία κλασικής εξαρτημένης μάθησης του PAVLOV. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term Αποτελεί μια αρχή μάθησης με ισχυρό αντίκτυπο στο χώρο της Ψυχολογίας. Ο 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” για inindicated aνα first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification PAVLOV εκτέλεσε πειράματα σε σκύλους is μελετήσει την αποδιοργανωμένη 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various συμπεριφορά τους, που αποτελεί και το πιο γνωστό του πείραμα. Η κλασική Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income placement there of artists, εξαρτημένη μάθηση “είναι μια διαδικασία κατάand τηνthe οποία ο οργανισμός μαθαίνει ways), of social groups, usually of ουδέτερο”. low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of να αντιδρά σεof ένα ερέθισμα αρχικά the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Κοινωνικογνωστική θεωρία potential relative speculation). TheΗterm gentrification is found first in the UK in early 1960sτων andγνωστικών it refers to Κοινωνικογνωστική θεωρίαatεστιάζει στην μοναδικότητα The term gentrification found atpeople first UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto ικανοτήτων των ατόμων, οποία δενin the μένουν έρμαια των εξωτερικών the then observed trend ofisτα wealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy in poor areas παραγόντων. Έχουν την σκεπτόμενα ταproperty παρελθοντικά βιώματα, London, upgrade them, stayδυνατότητα themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves there thusβαθμό old residents are αλλά και τις μελλοντικές προοπτικές ναsometimes επηρεάζουν σε and μεγάλο την ίδια being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. τους την ανάπτυξη. Η συνεχής αλληλεπίδραση με το κοινωνικό περιβάλλον A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon included the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth οδηγεί σταδιακά στην ανάπτυξη τηςis situations σκέψης, in ενώ οι σχετικές ενέργειες, GLASS at the same period, while similar were in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major ονομάζονται κοινωνικογνωστικές. εκφραστές και με μεγάλη επιρροή στην cities in Western countries, by otherΚύριοι Researchers. cities inτης Western countries, byθεωρίας other Researchers. εξέλιξη συγκεκριμένης είναι several οι Albert BANDURA καιitsWalter Since then, the issue has preoccupied scholars and for more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more MISCHEL. comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: Προσωποκεντρική θεωρία interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Η Προσωποκεντρική θεωρία αναπτύχθηκε από τον Carl ROGERS τοmoney 1940. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in Πυρήνας της ανθρωπιστικής προσέγγισης είναι, φυσικά, ο άνθρωπος, and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of και the συγκεκριμένα ηcomes ιδέα που προωθεί την εξέλιξη, την ανάπτυξη καιsearch την αυτονομία 1.of The termat from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for του. Ο ROGERS, Κληρικός, είδε she τονpublished πελάτη, ως αλλά ως Berlin, where sheοmade herήταν first studies. In 1932 an important study entitled: services of health,οποίος education, entertainment “at the heartόχι of theασθενή, city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous for ένα άτομο, χωρίς να αγνοεί τη φυσική, πνευματική και συναισθηματική του lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, διάσταση, ούτε τα βιώματά του. the Για το λόγο αυτό, ηshe θεωρία του αρχικά in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 teacher in the to another approach, is due tobecame a systematic and ονομαζόταν Πελατοκεντρική και she γύρω στο 1970 πήρεresearch. τη σημερινή ονομασία. Η University College of London, where continued her social Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying her work are characterized by δίνοντας a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. προσέγγιση αυτή, λοιπόν, έμφαση στην αξία που έχει το κάθε άτομο, and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. στο Wil. SONS AND London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: στοχεύει να το βοηθήσει μέσωLtd. της ψυχανάλυσης να αναπτύξει το ίδιο τον G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually εαυτό του. Γι’ αυτό και ο ROGERS ωθεί τον πελάτη του σε ενδοσκόπηση και στην

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

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απόκτηση επίγνωσης και συνείδησης του πραγματικού του εαυτού. Στην θεωρία του, μάλιστα, δίνεται και μία ιδιαίτερη προσοχή στη φύση του ανθρώπου, δηλαδή στο ότι ο άνθρωπος έχει μία εσωτερικευμένη τάση να θέλει να ζήσει με όλες του τις δυνατότητες (ROGERS,C. R., 1957). Παράλληλα, τονίζει και το περιβάλλον όπου αναπτύσσεται, καθώς θεωρεί μείζονος σημασίας τα παιδικά χρόνια ως βάση για την αυτογνωσία, που θα έχει το άτομο όταν ενηλικιωθεί. Με άλλα λόγια, η ανθρωπιστική προσέγγιση κινείται γύρω από την ιδιοσυγκρασία του κάθε By Mr. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ατόμου, δηλαδή τους φόβους, τις ελπίδες, τιςGeorge-Sp. φιλοδοξίες και τους αγώνες του. Harvard School of Design, Όσον αφορά στον ρόλο του University, θεραπευτήGraduate σε αυτή την θεωρία, αυτόςStudent, ενεργεί By που Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect ως ένας οδηγός-ειδικός για τον πελάτη, θα τον βοηθήσει να ανακαλύψει τον Student ofκαι the School of Architecture εαυτό του. Η σχέση τους βασίζεται στο σεβασμό στην αντιμετώπιση University of Crete ανθρώπου προς άνθρωπο. Συγκεκριμένα υποστηρίζει,Technical ότι ο πελάτης χρειάζεται τις 1.κατάλληλες θεραπευτικές συνθήκες να μπορέσει να αναπτυχθεί. Ο Introductory approach: Defining the για concept θεραπευτής πρέπει να διατηρεί στάση ανεπιφύλακτης θετικής αναγνώρισης προς 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 ANTISTHENIS, theαπαραίτητη ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, στον πελάτη, ενώ είναι η παρουσία της ενσυναίσθησης απόAthens), μέρους ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great του θεραπευτή. Ουσιαστικό στοιχείο της θεραπευτικής διαδικασίας είναιthe η among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the concepts. δυναμική μίας γνήσιας συναναστροφής μεταξύ των δύοcontent υποκειμένων (ROGERS, acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition the content of concepts. Based, on this a first, if of not final, approach, the term C. R, 1992).therefore, Για τον Rogers ο“principle” εαυτός είναιinένα πεδίο θέασης του κόσμου μέσα στο 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) gentrification οποίο εισχωρεί1 ο θεραπευτής για μία επιτυχημένη ψυχοθεραπεία (ROGERS, C.(or R. gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various 1947). Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways),OofROGERS social groups, usually of low-income theαφορά placement there of artists, παρά το γεγονός ότι φαίνεται,and όσον την επιστημολογική ways), of social groups, of low-income and placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of του προσέγγιση, να κλίνειusually στην φαινομενολογία, δεν the έχασε το ενδιαφέρον του για the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever otherτης consequences has, results also rising ofπαρατήρηση land prices(ROGERS, (and theof την διατήρηση αντικειμενικότητας στην επιστημονική other consequences του has, βασίζονται results alsoσε rising of land δεδομένα, prices (and the potential relative C.whatever R. 1955). Οι speculation). παρατηρήσεις μετρήσιμα ενώ potential relative speculation). The termστοιχείο gentrification is found at firstότι in the UK in earlyτις 1960s and it refers to σημαντικό αποτελεί το γεγονός ηχογραφούσε συνεδρίες του, (με The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of την συγκατάθεση του πελάτη), ώστε να μπορεί να κάνει αντικειμενικότερεςto the then observed trend of people δεν to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stayότι themselves sometimes andναthus old residents areof παρατηρήσεις. Θεωρούσε, ηwealthy ψυχοθεραπεία πρέπει εμφανίζεται με την London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ασάφεια μίας διαίσθησης αλλά με την σταθερότητα συγκεκριμένων και being indirectly “squeezed”. A description this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ελεγμένων αρχώνof (ROGERS, C. R. 1942). AΤέλος, description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included the recorded work Sociologist Ruth GLASS at theαξίζει same while similar were in other major να γίνει αναφορά και σταin δύο κύριαof κινήματα, που GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western έχοντας countries,ως byπρόδρομο other Researchers. αναπτύχθηκαν, αυτή την προσέγγιση του ROGERS. Το cities inπου Western countries, by other Since then, the issue has preoccupied and δυναμικό, for its more πρώτο, εμφανίστηκε ήταν το Researchers. κίνημαseveral για τοscholars ανθρώπινο με Since then, the issue has several below, scholars and for various its more πρεσβευτή του τον ανθρωπιστή Abraham H. MASLOW, το οποίο προωθούσε την comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, various θετική πλευρά of τηςthe ζωής του ανθρώπου. Βασική θέση ήταν,from ότι οthe άνθρωπος interpretations phenomenon of gentrification, theτου following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: έχει τάσηthe ναof αναπτυχθεί, και ότι of αυτό που τον εμποδίζει τον Inτην a sense, phenomenon isκαθώς dueof togentrification, a trend a new of socialκαι groups οδηγεί συχνά σε ψυχολογικά προβλήματα είναι οι κοινωνικές δομές. Γύρω στο to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money 2000, οι toSELIGMAN όπως και where άλλοιwork σύγχρονοι and time travel fromκαι the PETERSON, purlieus to downtown, place is,Ψυχολόγοι, lack of the 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in ανέπτυξαν το κίνημα της θετικής ψυχολογίας ή των ανθρώπινων δυνατοτήτων. sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Και αυτήofτη φορά,education, στο επίκεντρο βρίσκεται“at τοthe θετικό του ανθρώπου. services health, entertainment heartπνεύμα of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Στόχος αυτού του Κινήματος ήταν να στρέψει το ενδιαφέρον μακριά απ’ την lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, παθολογία τιςanother αρνητικές πτυχές της ανθρώπινης Γι’ αυτό και ανέδειξε in According 1943 sheκαι published studies regarding city planning. Inφύσης. 1950 she teacher in the to approach, the phenomenon is due tobecame a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public and την αξία των θετικών συναισθημάτων και ασχολήθηκε με τηνbrokers ταξινόμηση των long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. ανθρώπινων δυνατοτήτων. and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Συνεχίζεται… G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns Της κυρίας Βασιλικής ΠΑΠΑΓΙΑΝΝΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ

ΓΝΩΣΙΟ - ΚΕΝΤΡΙΚΗ ΚΑΙ ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΟ - ΚΕΝΤΡΙΚΗ ΠΡΟΣΕΓΓΙΣΗ ΚΑΙ ΤΟ ΜΟΝΤΕΛΟ ΤΟΥ ΚΡΙΤΙΚΟΥ ΕΓΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΙΣΜΟΥ

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, ΜΕΡΟΣ 1Ο : ΓΝΩΣΙΟ - ΚΕΝΤΡΙΚΗ ΚΑΙ ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΟ - ΚΕΝΤΡΙΚΗ By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect ΠΡΟΣΕΓΓΙΣΗ Student of the School of Architecture Technical of Crete 1.1 ΕΙΣΑΓΩΓΗ ΣΤΗΝ ΓΝΩΣΙΟ - ΚΕΝΤΡΙΚΗ ΚΑΙUniversity ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΟ -

ΚΕΝΤΡΙΚΗ ΠΡΟΣΕΓΓΙΣΗ 1. Introductory approach: Defining the του concept Εδώ και πολλά χρόνια, ο θεσμός σχολείου μεταλαμπαδεύει από 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek γενιά σε γενιά γνώσεις, δεξιότητες καιphilosopher, αξίες που θεωρεί αναγκαίες, τόσο για ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the τη γνωστική ανάπτυξη του ατόμου, όσο και για την ένταξή τουAthens), στην among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. κοινωνία. Ωστόσο, σε πολλές περιπτώσεις το έργο του εκπαιδευτικού acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term καθίσταται δυσκολότερο, όταν αυτές οι αξίες συγκρούονται με τις επιθυμίες 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the term gentrification) of Planning) (or gentrification αλλά και γενικότερα τους προσανατολισμούς της the νέαarea γενιάς (Φύκαρης, 1 (and urban gentrification) gentrification isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various 2010). Βάσει αυτής της διάκρισης, η βιβλιογραφία διαχωρίζει τη διδασκαλία Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and και the placement there of artists, σε δύο προσεγγίσεις, τη γνωσιοκεντρική τη κοινωνιοκεντρική ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of αντίστοιχα. the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this “change”, regardless of whatever other has, results rising of land prices (and the Η γνωσιοκεντρική προσέγγιση, έχει rising ως βασικό γνώμονα τη whatever other consequences has, results also of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). διδασκαλία της επιστημονικής γνώσης, ενώ σκοπός της είναι η γενική potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to ανάπτυξη καιgentrification μόρφωση τουis ανθρώπου. με άλλες προσεγγίσεις, ηto The term found atpeople firstΣεinαντίθεση the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersof the then observed trend of wealthy to buy property in poor κατάκτηση της σχολικής γνώσης δε θεωρείται αυτοσκοπός, αλλά δυναμικό the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof μέσον γιαupgrade την ανάπτυξη σκέψης,sometimes του πνεύματος ικανότητα London, them, stayτης themselves there andκαι thusτην old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. επίλυσης σημαντικών προβλημάτων της κοινωνίας, μέσω της τεχνολογίας. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Σημαντικό χαρακτηριστικό είναι ότιis situations λαμβάνονται A description ofperiod, this phenomenon included inwere the υπόψη work of οι Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in εσωτερικές other major δυνατότητες σκέψης του μαθητή, τις οποίες αξιοποιεί, για να κατανοήσει GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. βαθύτερα τη γνώση καιhas τη μεθοδολογία της επιστήμης Η γνωστική cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue several scholarsτου. and for its more ανάπτυξη του ατόμου, τον απαλλάσσει από προκαταλήψεις, δεισιδαιμονίες, Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the στερεότυπα, από το αίσθημα της άγνοιας, καθώς δημιουργεί γνωστικά, comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: κοινωνικά πολιτικά αυτόνομο ανεξάρτητο και In a sense,και theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a πολίτη, trend of aελεύθερο, new of social groups υπεύθυνο για τις επιλογές του. Γι’ αυτόν ακριβώς το λόγο, παρατηρείται πως to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money έχειtime μελλοντικό όχι Ως προς ρόλο τουis,δασκάλου, and to travelκαι from theπαροντικό purlieus toχρόνο. downtown, whereτον work place lack of the λειτουργεί ως μέντορας, δεδομένου ότι προσπαθεί να μη δώσει 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS wasάμεσο born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, searchμε for better Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: τρόπο τις γνώσειςeducation, στους μαθητές, αλλά να μυήσει εξειδικευμένο services of health, entertainment “atτους the heart of στον the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for τρόπο σκέπτεσθαι και εργάζεσθαι της εκάστοτε επιστήμης. Ωστόσο, αξίζει ν’ lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, αναφερθεί η γνωσιοκεντρική διδασκαλία, περισσότερο in According 1943 she πως published studies regarding city planning. In εστιάζει 1950 sheto became teacher στο in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued social HerΤέλος, public and «πώς» θαinformal διδαχθεί η γνώση και όχιgroups, στο her «τι» θα research. διδαχθεί. βασική long-term effort by organized manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. παραδοχή αποτελεί το γεγονός, ότιLondon το παιδί ωςofμαθητής, έχει έμφυτες and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: wetzel/gentry.htm aικανότητες variety of και ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually ενδιαφέροντα για http://www.uncanny.net/ γνώση και μέσω αυτής, οδηγείται στην

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

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ανάπτυξη του πνεύματος και του εαυτού του, αλλά και στην καλύτερη κατανόηση και αντιμετώπιση του κόσμου (Ματσαγγούρας, 2009). Από την άλλη πλευρά, η κοινωνιο- κεντρική προσέγγιση εστιάζει στις ανάγκες της κοινωνίας και την ανασυγκρότησή της. Σύμφωνα μ’ αυτή, το σχολείο οφείλει να συμβάλλει στο κοινωνικό γίγνεσθαι, αναδεικνύοντας τις άνισες καταστάσεις που έχουν διαμορφωθεί στην κοινωνία και αναπτύσσοντας συνείδηση και ικανότητες στους μαθητές για κοινωνικές By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS αλλαγές. Σκοπός της, είναι η χειραφέτηση των μαθητών και η Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, ευαισθητοποίησή τους, σε θέματα όχιGeorge-Sp. μόνο ταξικών και κοινωνικών By Mr. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect ανισοτήτων, αλλά και σε θέματα εθνικού,Student οικολογικού και of the Schoolπολιτισμικού of Architecture περιεχομένου. Μ ’αυτό τον τρόπο, οι μαθητές θαTechnical αποκτήσουν με φυσικό University of Crete τρόπο γνώσεις και δεξιότητες για τη στάση του πολιτεύεσαι, του 1. Introductoryκαι approach: Defining concept χειραφετημένου κριτικού πολίτη.the Μια διαρκώς εξελισσόμενη κοινωνία, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept απαιτεί την ανάπτυξη την Greek καλλιέργεια αυτόνομης κριτικής σκέψης των ANTISTHENIS, the και ancient philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -και 370στάσεων BC, Athens), among other wise συμβάλλει heritage heστην left us, he established a great “principle”: the μαθητών, η οποία διαμόρφωση δεξιοτήτων για among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. να προσαρμοστούν στις κοινωνικές μεταβολές (Καρακατσάνη, 2004). the Η acquisition of knowledge starts with theτην the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition aάποψη first, if of final, approach, theγια term προσέγγιση αυτή, υποστηρίζει ενεργά «not Αλλάξτε το σχολείο, να 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first,(Ματσαγγούρας, if (in notthe final, approach, term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification αλλάξει η κοινωνία» και όχι το αντίστροφο 2009:the 263). 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Αναφορικά με τον ρόλο του δασκάλου, αξιοποιεί το περιεχόμενο της Sociology as well), as the “refining” of aνα cityμη area, the fromthere this,τη (inγνώση various ways), of social usually ofώστε low-income and theremoval placement of artists, διδασκαλίας μεgroups, τέτοιο τρόπο, μεταφέρει παθητικά ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, However this “change”, regardless of στους μαθητές, αλλά αντίθετα, να τους etc. εμπλέκει ενεργά για να είναι σε θέση ν’ the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the αναζητούν οι ίδιοι τη γνώση. Κάτι τέτοιο, επιτυγχάνεται μέσω τουof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative διαχωρισμού των μαθητών σε ομάδες, με τον οποίο αναδεικνύεται η potential relative speculation). The termδράση, gentrification is found atτης firstσύγχρονης in the UK κοινωνίας. in early 1960s andσημαντικό it refers to συλλογική χαρακτηριστικό Είναι The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor ν’ αναφερθεί, πως η προσέγγιση αυτή έχει εξίσου μελλοντικό και όχι the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof παροντικό χαρακτήρα, ότι δε βλέπει το μαθητή ως old τελικό σκοπό, London, upgrade them, δεδομένου stay themselves sometimes there and thus residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. αλλά ως μέσον για να επιτύχει την κοινωνική ανασυγκρότηση που επιθυμεί. being indirectly “squeezed”. description of this phenomenon is included the work of Sociologist Ruth Σε A αντίθεση με την παραπάνω προσέγγιση, εδώinin δίνεται βάση στο «πώς», A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included the recorded work of και Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar were in other major αλλά και στο «τι» τηςperiod, διδασκαλίας. Καταλήγοντας, βασική παραδοχή είναιmajor ότι GLASS at the same while similar situations were recorded in other cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. το σχολείο έχει τη δυνατότητα να συμβάλλει στο κοινωνικό γίγνεσθαι των cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more μαθητών, υπό την προϋπόθεση της ενεργούςseveral θεωρητικής, αλλάand καιfor πρακτικής Since then, the issue has scholars its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the various εμπλοκής τους σεapproach κοινωνικάare θέματα, αξιοποιώντας γνώσειςfrom και the δεξιότητες comprehensive being summarized below, various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: για να προωθηθεί η ιδέα της κοινωνικής ανασυγκρότησης (Ματσαγγούρας, interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups 2009). to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1.2 ΚΡΙΤΙΚΗ ΠΡΟΣΕΓΓΙΣΗ ΕΠΙΛΟΓΗΣ ΜΕΘΟΔΟΥ ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΙΑΣ The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin,Μετά whereτην she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: ανάλυση των δύο παραπάνω προσεγγίσεων και βάσει των services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left ως Germany and διδασκαλίας after continuous for δικών μου πεποιθήσεων, θα επέλεγα μέθοδο την γνωσιοlower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, κεντρική προσέγγιση. Στόχος, είναι ηphenomenon απόκτηση της σχολικής γνώσης με in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she teacher in the to another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and απώτερο informal σκοπό όμως, μόρφωση τη γνωστική ανάπτυξη του long-term effortτη by γενική organized groups, και manufacturers, brokers of buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. ατόμου. Ηreal κατάκτηση της είναιinitially αποτελεσματικότερη, όταν η and selling estate, etc., for theγνώσης depreciation of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: διδασκαλία εφαρμόζεται με έμμεσο και όχι άμεσο τρόπο. Παραδείγματα, G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

αποτελούν οι συζητήσεις που γίνονται, ώστε ν’ αποδοθεί το περιεχόμενο του μαθήματος στην απλούστερη μορφή του, καθώς και ο διάλογος μεταξύ δασκάλου – μαθητών, περί βιωματικών γνώσεων στο θέμα. Μέσα σ’ ένα τέτοιο πλαίσιο, θα διαμορφωθεί ένα κλίμα συλλογικότητας, συνεργασίας και συμμετοχής στην τάξη, το οποίο θα μπορούσε να αποτελέσει μια μικρογραφία της κοινωνίας και να αντανακλά τις σχέσεις των μελών της. Λαμβάνοντας υπόψη τον κλάδο δραστηριοποίησής μου, ως οικονομολόγου, δεν By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS παραγκωνίζω σε καμία περίπτωση τα προβλήματα της κοινωνίας, αλλά Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, θεωρώ πως, μέσω της ανάπτυξης του των μαθητών, θα εξελιχθούν Byπνεύματος Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect σε ώριμους, ηθικούς, υπεύθυνους, ανεξάρτητους και όχι σε χειραγωγημένους Student of the School of Architecture πολίτες. Έχοντας ως γνώμονα τα Αναλυτικά Προγράμματα Σπουδών, Technical University of Crete θίγονται πολλά κοινωνικά θέματα προς συζήτηση, για τα οποία οι μαθητές θα 1. Introductory approach: Defining theκαι concept έχουν τη δυνατότητα να λάβουν γνώση να μάθουν να τα αντιμετωπίζουν, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC χωρίς αυτό να σημαίνει πως θα Greek πρέπειphilosopher, να διαμορφώσουν ανατρεπτική στάση ANTISTHENIS, the ancient - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wiseγεγονότα. heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the για τα κοινωνικά among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of 2: knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term ΜΕΡΟΣ ΚΡΙΤΙΚΟΣ ΕΓΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΙΣΜΟΣ 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification 2.1 ΤΟ ΜΟΝΤΕΛΟ ΤΟΥ ΚΡΙΤΙΚΟΥ ΕΓΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΙΣΜΟΥ 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Ο Κριτικός Γραμματισμός, αποτελεί ένα πρόγραμμα κατά το οποίο Sociology as well), asν’ the “refining” of a city the this, of (inartists, various ways), ofπροσπάθεια social groups, usually of low-income and theremoval placement there γίνεται αντιληφθούμε, αν ηarea, οργάνωση και from η διδασκαλία της ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of γλώσσας, μεταδίδουν ή αμφισβητούν νοήματα, πουthis αφορούν ευρύτερα την the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the κοινωνία. Προτείνει, δηλαδή, τρόπους επεξεργασίας των αυθεντικώνof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential κειμένων,relative εστιάζοντας στη σχέση των κειμένων με την κοινωνική potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first the UK να in early 1960s and to πραγματικότητα, στις ιδεολογίες που inθέλουν περάσουν καιit refers στο τι The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor υπονομεύουν (Κωστούλη, 2009). Με βάση τις εκπαιδευτικές επιδιώξεις, the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents are αναδιπλώνονται δύο αντιλήψεις σχετικά με τον there Κριτικό Η London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and Εγγραμματισμό. thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. μια, προέρχεται από την ατομο- κεντρική προσέγγιση και η άλλη, από την being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth κοινωνιοκεντρική. A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS the same while similar in που other έχουν major Η atat πρώτη αντίληψη, αφορά τη situations γνωστική ικανότητα GLASS the same period, while similar were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. αναπτύξει οι μαθητές, μέσωbyτης ατομοκεντρικής προσέγγισης, να κατανοούν cities in Western countries, other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more σε βάθος γνώση. Ως απόρροια αυτού, συμπεραίνεται ότι είναι σε να Since τη then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe forθέση its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from various αντιλαμβάνονται σε βάθοςare τονbeing γραπτό λόγο και έτσι from να εντοπίζουν comprehensive approach summarized below, the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: υπόρρητες παραδοχές του κειμένου και παράλληλα, να κατανοούν τις interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups προθέσεις του συγγραφέα και στο τι αποσκοπεί. Επιπρόσθετα, εξασκώντας to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money σε καθημερινή βάση την κριτική τους σκέψη, αναγνωρίζουν εύκολα τόσο and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the προκαταλήψεις, όσοdistributed και Sociologist στερεότυπα της κοινωνίας αντανακλώνται στοin 1.of The termat comes from Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS for wasbetter born sense safety the residencies outside townπου centres, search Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: κείμενο. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for YouthΣτον Unemployment. Theηsame year she που left Germany andστην after continuous αντίποδα, αντίληψη εστιάζει κοινωνιοκεντρική lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, προσέγγιση, σχετίζεται με το επίπεδο του μαθητή για κριτική ανάλυση και in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and αποδόμηση του κειμένου, να αναγνωρίσει ποιές κοινωνικές και long-term informal effort byώστε organized groups, manufacturers, brokers αξίες of buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. ιδεολογίες προβάλλονται, αλλά και ποιές διαβάλλονται ήFree ακόμα και and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Encyclopedia: παραβάλλονται. Η αποδόμηση του κειμένου, συνδέεται με τα γλωσσικά μέσα G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, που χρησιμοποιούνται για Types να υλοποιηθεί η αναπαράσταση αυτή της Definition, of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification πραγματικότητας, καθώς τονίζονται τα υπέρ και τα κατά του ατόμου που την αναπαριστά. Αξιοσημείωτη ανάλυση στην αποδόμηση, είναι να κατανοήσει ο Concerns αναγνώστης , με ποιό τρόπο προσπαθεί να τον τοποθετήσει, είτε θετικά είτε αρνητικά, στην πραγματικότητα που προβάλλεται (Ματσαγγούρας, 2009).

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate of Design, Student, 2.2 ΕΠΙΛΟΓΗ ΕΡΩΤΗΜΑΤΩΝ ΑΝΑΛΥΣΗΣ ΣΤΗSchool ΔΙΔΑΚΤΙΚΗ ΠΡΑΞΗ By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Στα πλαίσια του σχολικού μαθήματος, ως οικονομολόγος και Student of the School of Architecture μελλοντική εκπαιδευτικός, θεωρώ εύλογο να παρουσιάσω στην τάξη, ένα Technical University of Crete

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απόσπασμα από το βιβλίο «Οικονομικές Εξελίξεις του Κέντρου Προγραμματισμού και Οικονομικών (ΚΕΠΕ)», με τίτλο «Επιδείνωση 1. Introductory approach: DefiningΕρευνών the concept 1. Introductory γήρανσης: approach: Defining the concept τηςANTISTHENIS, πληθυσμιακής συγκριτικά δεδομένα Ελλάδας καιBC, χωρών της the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 Athens), Ε.Ε». Αναλυτικότερα, ένα τέτοιο κείμενο αφορά τόσο τον οικονομικό, όσο ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: και the τον κοινωνικό τομέα, δεδομένου ότι αναφέρεται among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a ένα greatφαινόμενο the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of theσ’ content of“principle”: concepts. που acquisition of κοινωνία knowledge starts withτην thein definition the content of concepts. μαστίζει μας. Για προσέλκυση του ενδιαφέροντος των Based, την therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and Based, θα therefore, on σε this “principle” inindicated a first, που if (in notαφορούν final, approach, the term μαθητών, εστιάσω μερικά ερωτήματα διδακτική urban gentrification) is the area ofτη Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification πράξη. Πιοasσυγκεκριμένα, θα χρησιμοποιούσα γιαremoval την καλύτερη διευκόλυνσή Sociology well), as the “refining” of a city area, the from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” ofτης a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various μου, τομέα ανάλυσης «Προβαλλόμενης Άποψης και ways), ofτον social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Πραγματικότητας». Αρχικά,restaurants, γεννάται etc. το However ερώτημα, προς ποιά πλευρά the operation of art galleries, thisως “change”, regardless of the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc. However regardless κοινωνικής πραγματικότητας προβάλλει τοalso κείμενο, καθώς ποιά εικόνα whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, landκαι prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising land prices (and the potential relative της πραγματικότητας θέλει να κατασκευάσει. Μέσα απόofτη συζήτηση μεταξύ potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is foundθα at first in the in early αντιληπτό, 1960s and it refers εκπαιδευτικού και μαθητών, γίνει πιοUKεύκολα πως to η The term gentrification found atpeople first inαποτελούν the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend wealthy to buy property in poor ofto πληθυσμιακή γήρανση καιofis μετανάστευση, κοινωνικά ζητήματα τα the then observed trend wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade stay of themselves sometimes there and thus residents areof οποία, μέσω τωνthem, γραφημάτων του κειμένου, προβάλλουν μια old χαοτική εικόνα London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. της πραγματικότητας. Τέλος, για ν’ αποδοθεί βαθύτερη ανάλυση στο παρόν being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of thisν’phenomenon is included in theπεριστάσεις work of Sociologist Ruth θέμα, θα προτιμούσα αναφερθώ στις αντίστοιχες του θέματος A description of this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded workαυτή, of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, similar inσυμβάλλουν other major σε διαφορετικούς τόπους ήwhile και χρόνους. Στην προσπάθεια GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western by other Researchers. οι πίνακες με countries, τα ποσοτικά δεδομένα των χωρών της Ε.Ε, τα οποία cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has and for its more διευκολύνουν το μαθητή στην κατανόησηseveral και τηνscholars αντίληψη νοημάτων του Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from κειμένου. comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In aΒΙΒΛΙΟΓΡΑΦΙΑ sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several costs in money Καρακατσάνη, Δ. (2003). Εκπαίδευση και reasons: Πολιτικήhigh Διαπαιδαγώγηση. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Αθήνα: Μεταίχμιο. The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Τ. (2009). Διδακτική Γλώσσα και Κριτικός Γραμματισμός. Berlin,Κωστούλη, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The sameΠανεπιστήμιο. year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Θεσσαλονίκη: Αριστοτέλειο lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague,Εισαγωγή London andστις Neweasier York she came back to London, Ματσαγγούρας, Η. (2009). Επιστήμες της Παιδαγωγικής, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Εναλλακτικές Προσεγγίσεις, Διδακτικές Προσεγγίσεις. Αθήνα: Gutenberg. University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also:του COLLINS ENGLISHΈργου DICTIONARY. Φύκαρης, Ι. (2010). Σύγχρονες Διαστάσεις Διδακτικού και and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Ρόλου του Εκπαιδευτικού. Θεσσαλονίκη: Αφοί Κυριακίδη. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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EUROPEAN COMMISSION GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect PROGRAMME Student of the School of Architecture GREEK UNIVERSITY PROFESSORS Technical University of Crete

Brussels 12 - 14 JANUARY 2010

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC18, -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), Conference room: Commission, Rue Van Maerlant -2/33 among other wise European heritage he left us, he established a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Participants: 19knowledge Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Organisation: Lise RAVNFELDT, Directorate General “Education & Culture” Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the artmeet galleries, regardless of Theoperation hostess of will the restaurants, visitors at etc. the However entrance this and“change”, accompany them to the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the conference room -2/33 whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found- “Visits at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Wellcome by Ms Lise Ravnfeldt Commission” Unit The term gentrification found atpeople firstto inthe the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof LEADER London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Prof. Konstantinos ATHANASOPOULOS being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major FUTURE OF EUROPE, THE EU INSTITUTIONS AND THE LISBON GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. TREATY cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several scholars andthe for various its more Dr. Theodoros KALLIANOS, Directorate General forbelow, Translation comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: COMMUNICATION PRIORITIES In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Mr. Panayotis CARVOUNIS, Deputy Director General for Communication to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense theVan distributed residencies outside Lunch atsafety Brasserie Maerlant - Buffet hosted bytown the centres, Commission. Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, LONG LIFE LEARNING in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher in the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and Ms. Varvara KAZIRA, Directorate General for Education and Culture. University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

COHESION POLICY IN GREECE - EDUCATION AND STRUCTURAL FONDS Mr. Argyrios PISIOTIS, Directorate General for Regional Policy and Mr. Haralabos FRAGOULIS, Directorate General for Employment, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities tbc. THE EU POLICY IN THE AREA OF DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Mr. Dimitrios MAGHIOROS, Directorate General for School Development. Harvard University, Graduate of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect

Thursday: 14 January 2010 Student of the School of Architecture VISIT AT THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept EUROPEAN RESEARCH POLICY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept EUROPEAN RESEARCH AREA: THE CASE OF ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444THE BC - FRAMEWORK 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), PROGRAMME among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the among other wise heritage he left us,definition heDirectorate established a greatfor the Mr. Dimitri Head of the Unit, Science and acquisition ofCORPAKIS, knowledge starts with of theGeneral content of“principle”: concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Research. 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various INTERCULTURAL DIALOGUE Sociology asATHANASOPOULOU, well), as the “refining” of Directorate a city area, removal from this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe the placement there Ms. Anna General for Education and ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Culture. the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences results also rising land (and the Lunch in relative restaurant Crowne Plazahas, Brussels Europa, hostedofby the prices Commission. potential potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Listthen of participants: The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor KONSTANTINOS AT the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are MARIA AD being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. NIKOLAOS A description of thisAS phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth VASILIKI DEphenomenon GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major PANAGIOTIS EF by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue several scholars and for its more ASPASIA EF has Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach being summarized from APOSTOLOS GO arepreoccupied comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: HELEN KA interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups AMALIA KO to “return” to the city, leaving CHRISTOS LA the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from LO the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the DIMITRIOS 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, MICHAIL VA Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) IOANNIS VLsameentertainment Youth Unemployment. The year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Neweasier York she came to back to London, SPYRIDON VL Prague, London and car in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and ANTONIA BO where she continued her social research. Her public action and University informal College of London, long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. EVANTHIA BO and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: TATIANA PA G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage heEUROPEAN left us, he established(444 a great the COMMISSION among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, PROGRAMME results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences results also rising of land prices (and the GREEKhas, UNIVERSITY PROFESSORS potential relative Brussels 12 14 JANUARY potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in2010 early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof Conference room: European Commission, Rue Van Maerlant 18, -2/33 London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Participants: being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this19phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at theOrganisation: same while similar other major Lise RAVNFELDT, Directorate General “Education & in Culture” GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Thethe hostess willhas meet the visitors at the entrancescholars and accompany to more Since then, issue several and them for its conference room -2/33 Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the by phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Wellcome Ms Lise Ravnfeldt - “Visits to the Commission” Unit interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups LEADER to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Prof. Konstantinos ATHANASOPOULOS and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1. The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for was born in sense of safetyFUTURE atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, OF EUROPE, THE EU INSTITUTIONS AND THE LISBON better Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) TREATY Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Dr. Theodoros KALLIANOS, Directorate General for Translation lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and COMMUNICATION PRIORITIES University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Mr. Panayotis CARVOUNIS, Deputy Director General for Communication her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Lunch at Brasserie Van Maerlant Buffet hosted by the Commission. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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LONG LIFE LEARNING Ms. Varvara KAZIRA, Directorate General for Education and Culture.

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Πώς αποτυπώνεται η γυναίκα στην εξτρεμιστική / GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types Intervention, τρομοκρατική βία από τα ΜΜΕ; of Οι ρόλοι που μπορεί να της αποδίδονται, τα στερεότυπα και τα πιθανά αποτελέσματα στην Definition, Types ofδράση. intervention, Concerns of Gentrification αντιτρομοκρατική Του κ. Δημ. ΤΖΙΟΝΗ Concerns Φοιτ. Μετ. Πρόγρ. Σπουδών Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

competence of state affairs in their Region, based on Article 101 of current 3 Constitution.τις αποφύγουν αμφισβητήσεις που θα δημιουργούσε η εφαρμογή του Abolition of the 13 Regions of the Decreeδιατάξεις of 6/3/1987. new εκάστοτε τοπικού θετικού δικαίου, το Government οποίο δεν περιείχε για 13 κάθε Regions come in their of second grade local government) εμπορική διαφορά πουplace θα (Organizations μπορούσε Ανδρέας να προκύψει. Ιστορικά, τα πρώτα Π. ΧΑΡΑΛΑΜΠΟΥΣ along with (Organizations of firstτο grade) as an expression βήματα τηςthe lexmunicipalities mercatoria πραγματοποιήθηκαν μεσαίωνα από τουςof ευρωπαίους εμπόρους που επιδίωκαν να δημιουργήσουν ένα αποδεκτό popular sovereignty, they consist a fundamental institution of theκοινά Greek public life, πλαίσιο εθιμικών κανόνων καιofβέλτιστων πρακτικών στις as guaranteed by the provisions Article 102 of the currentκαταξιωμένων Constitution4 and the By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS 16. Μπορεί να μην είχε δηλαδή 5 μια θεσμική βάση σε συγκεκριμένο συναλλαγές European Charter of Local Self-Government. Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, εθνικό δίκαιο, from αλλά 1/1/2011 το ζητούμενο η αποτελεσματικότητα της εφαρμογής Abolition of the ήταν Prefecture, Local Government of second grade, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect του και το ότι ήταν γνωστό σε όλους τους εμπλεκόμενους. Εξάλλου, η Student of thewas School Architecture as it was provided by Law 1622/1986 (which ultimately not of implemented ευρύτατη γνώση του κανόνα είναι στην ουσία μια Technical μήτρα κανονιστικότητας University of Crete πολύ πιο ισχυρή από την νομιμοποίηση μέσω της θεσμικής διαδικασίας. 1. Introductory Defining θεσμοί, the concept Άλλωστε και οι approach: νομοπαραγωγικοί με όλο το τελετουργικό που 1. approach: Defining the concept 3. Introductory Article 101 of current Constitution 1975/1986/2001/2008: ακολουθούν, αυτό επιδιώκουν: η θέσπιση των νόμων γίνεται όσο το ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCνα- 370 BC, Athens), ñ State’s administration is organized according to the decentralized system. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise division heritage he country left us,μπορεί established a great the δυνατόν πιο δημόσια, ώστε ουδείς να να άγνοια δικαίου. ñ Administrative of the ishe formed onεπικαλεστεί the basis of geo-economic, social and among other left us,definition he established aσύνολο greatof“principle”: the transport conditions. acquisition of knowledge startshe with the of the concepts. και Αρχικά ηwise lex heritage mercatoria εμφανιζόταν ως έναcontent κανόνων ñ RegionalofInstitutions of starts the State generally decisive competence issues of their acquisition knowledge theindefinition the content ofon concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” first, if of not final, approach, the term αρχών που ακολουθούσαν οιwith ίδιοι οιa have έμποροι, για να ρυθμίσουν τις province. Central Government, apart from special cases, has the general direction, coordination 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification συμφωνίες τους και να διευθετήσουν γρήγορα τις διαφωνίες τους καθώς ως and control of legitimacy of the Regional institutions as provided by law. 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification ñ Common legislator and Administration, when theythe actremoval normative, theythis, are obliged to take Sociology as well), as the “refining” a city area, from (in various γνωστόν οι νομικές επιπλοκές καιofκαθυστερήσεις λειτουργούν ανασταλτικά into account the special conditions of island and mountainous areas, ensuring their growth. Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually ofΈτσι low-income andεπέλεγαν the placement there of artists, στηνArticle προαγωγή του εμπορίου. οι έμποροι οι ίδιοι δικαστές για ways), of 101A social groups, usually of low-income thethis placement there of τους, artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of να εφαρμόσουν την lex mercatoria κατά τηνand επίλυση των διαφορών Where Constitution provides for the establishment and operation of an Independent the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the Authority, its Members are appointed for a fixed tenure and they are governed by personal and παρακάμπτοντας τα κρατικά δικαστήρια που θα εφάρμοζαν το εθνικό δίκαιο. functional independence, as specified by law. whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). Οι Άγγλοι δικαστές ειδικότερα, οι οποίοι πάντοτε εστίαζαν στην ανάγκη 4. Article 102 of the Constitution 1975/1986/2001/2008: potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found atκαι first in Government the UK στη in early 1960s and it refers to εξυπηρέτησης των συναλλαγών λιγότερο θεσμική έδραση των ñ Administration of local affairs belongs to Local Organizations of first and second The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor grade. κανόνων -όπως οι δικαστές σε χώρες που εφαρμόζεται το ηπειρωτικό δίκαιοtheTo then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people buy property in poor areas of Local Government Organizations there isto presumption of competence for the London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and thus old residents are από πολύ νωρίς κήρυξαν lex mercatoria ως μέρος του εφαρμοστέου administration of local affaires. Law defines the extend and types of local affairs andare the London, upgrade them, stay την themselves sometimes there and thus old residents being indirectly “squeezed”. distribution each grade. Law mayέγινε delegate to Local κανονιστικό Government organizations δικαίου. Έτσιbetween το “squeezed”. αγγλικό κοινοδίκαιο το πρώτο σύνολο πουthe being indirectly A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of έθιμα Sociologist Ruth exercise of powers that consist state’s mission. περιείχε αυτούσιες τις βέλτιστες εμπορικές πρακτικές και τα που είχαν A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is administrative included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth ñ Local Government Organizations have and financial autonomy. Their GLASS at the same while similar situations recorded in other major 17 . αναπτύξει οι έμποροι authorities are elected by universal and secret voting, as provided byrecorded law. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were in other major citiesñ in Western countries, by other Researchers. Law may provide the establishment of compulsory or voluntary associations of Local Ωστόσο, η lex mercatoria έχειResearchers. δεχθεί και αρνητική κριτική, κυρίως, ως cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Since then, the issue has several scholars for its more Government Organizations for works or provision of services. Theseand associations may be προς τη μη δεσμευτικότητα των κανόνωνseveral της, την έλλειψη Since then, the issue scholars andμηχανισμού for various its more administrated by elected bodieshas comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the επιβολής τηsupervision δυσκολίαover απόδειξής της καιOrganizations, τη μηbelow, συστηματοποίησή της. to ñ Stateτους, exercises Local Government which concerns solely comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations ofand theitphenomenon of gentrification, the following:of action. Legitimacy legitimacy control is not allowed to block theirέννομη initiativeτάξη and freedom Αν και δεν έχει αναγνωρισθεί ως αυτόνομη από τις περισσότερες interpretations the phenomenon ofDisciplinary gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon a trend of asanctions new of social groups control is exercised as provided is bydue law.to to elected bodies of local εθνικές έννομες τάξεις, οι τελευταίες ανέχονται την ύπαρξή της, αφενός, για administration, apart from cases involving automatic deduction or idleness, are being applied to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money λόγους των διεθνών συναλλαγών και, αφετέρου, διότι only withενθάρρυνσης the consent of a Council, consisted at majority of regular judges, as provided by law.η and time to travel fromthethe purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the ñ The State takes all legislative, regulatory and fiscalοποίο measuresαναπτύσσεται needed to ensure economic λειτουργικότητά της στο residencies πλαίσιο στο δενin 1.of The term fromthe Sociologist GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born sense safety atcomes the distributed outside town centres, for independence and provides necessaryRuth resources for the accomplishment of the tasks and the Πάφος Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she είναι published an2019 important study entitled: αμφισβητείται. Η σημασία της, εντούτοις, εμφανής, ιδιαίτερα στο exercise of competences of Local Government Organizations with simultaneous ensuring of services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. The same year she left GermanyLaw anddefines after continuous transparency in the management ofδιαιτησίας. these resources. the relative with the and πλαίσιο της διεθνούς εμπορικής lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and she came to back totheir London, distribution, among Local Government Organizations ofNew taxesYork or fees, determined in favour, and in 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 she teacher the According to Each another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and collected by State. transferral of competences from state’s central or regional bodies toin Local University College of London, where she continued her social Her and Government implies transfer of corresponding resources. Lawresearch. providesbrokers the public relative regarding ISBN 978-9925-7542-0-5 long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work characterized by arevenues passiondirectly for justice. also: COLLINS organizations. ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 16 are definition and collecting of local fromSee Local Government Βλ. έτσι σε https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lex_mercatoria. and selling real estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 5.edit. Because of their importance, issues of Local2009. Government Organizations have become 10th Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 17 Β. Σωτηρόπουλος, Ούτε "Αγγλικό", ούτε "Ελληνικό" δίκαιο: lex mercatoria, σε E-at subject series of International Conferences as well as regulations G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: varietyofofa ways, inConferences, order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Lawer, διαθέσιμο σε http://elawyer.blogspot.com/2012/01/lex-mercatoria.html.

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Γεωπολιτική και Γεωστρατηγική By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Ανατομία της Ανατολικής Μεσογείου Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, και οι Επιπτώσεις μιας Μεγάλης Γεωπολιτικής Δίνης Architect By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Student of the School of Architecture σε Κύπρο και Ελλάδα Technical University of Crete

Πρόλογος 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Κων. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: concepts. the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content content of concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto to buy property in poor the then observed trend ofiswealthy wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas the then observed trend London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more andthe for various its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) services Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where Neweasier York she came to back to London, studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the and to another approach, the is due a systematic University informal College of London, where sheΠάφος continued social research. brokers Her public and 2019 her long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 10th edit. Wil. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually a Gentrification: variety of ways,

Ανδρέας Π. ΧΑΡΑΛΑΜΠΟΥΣ

Γεωπολιτική και Γεωστρατηγική Ανατομία της Ανατολικής Μεσογείου και οι Επιπτώσεις μιας Μεγάλης Γεωπολιτικής Δίνης σε Κύπρο και Ελλάδα

GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Ανδρέας Π. ΧΑΡΑΛΑΜΠΟΥΣ Concerns

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

competence of state affairs in their Region, based on Article 101 of current 3 Constitution. ΔΙΑΧΕΙΡΙΣΗ ΓΝΩΣΗΣ ΣΤΟ ΠΕΡΙΒΑΛΛΟΝ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑΣ Abolition of the 13 Regions of the Government Decree of 6/3/1987. 13 new Regions come in their place (Organizations ofΤης second grade local government) κυρίας Μαρ. ΠΑΠΑΓΙΑΝΝΗ along with the municipalities (Organizations of first asΑνθρωπ. an expression M.Sc.grade) Διαχείρ. Πόρωνof popular sovereignty, they consist a fundamental institution of the Greek public life, * 4 1. Η Γνώση στο περιβάλλον εργασίας as guaranteed by the provisions of Article of the current Constitution and the By Mr.102 George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Στο εμπορικό περιβάλλον εργασίας γνώση πρέπει τοποθετηθεί σε 5 Harvard University,η Graduate Schoolνα of Design, Student, European Charter of Local Self-Government. τρεις βασικούς τομείς: By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Abolition from 1/1/2011 of the Prefecture, Local Government of second grade, α) Ανάγκες των πελατών, Student of the School of Architecture as it β) was provided by Law 1622/1986 (which ultimately was not implemented Το ενδιαφέρον για τις μεθόδους και Technical University of Crete

γ) Το σύνολο της γνώσης (Gamble και Blackwell, 2001). 1. Introductory Defining the concept Κάθε μέλος approach: του Οργανισμού πρέπει να κατανοήσει πώς η εργασία του 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept συμβάλλει στην εκπλήρωση των Greek αναγκών των πελατών και πώς τα BC, προϊόντα και ANTISTHENIS, the ancient philosopher, (444 BC - 370 Athens), 3. Article 101 of current Constitution 1975/1986/2001/2008: ñ State’s administration is organized according to the decentralized ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCsystem. -“principle”: 370 BC,τα Athens), οι υπηρεσίες παρέχουν πελατειακή αξία. Στη συνέχεια, μέλη among otherτης wiseεπιχείρησης heritage he left us, he established a great the ñ Administrative division of the country is formed on the basisa of geo-economic, social the and among other wise heritage leftthe us, he established great “principle”: του Οργανισμού πρέπει να he κατανοήσουν τον τρόπο που ηof εργασία acquisition of knowledge starts with definition of the content concepts.τους transport conditions. acquisition ofInstitutions knowledge with theτελευταίο of the content ofon concepts. επηρεάζει την εργασία άλλων. Το της διαδικασίας είναι η Based, therefore, on των this “principle” indefinition a have first,decisive ifμέρος not final, approach, the term ñ Regional of starts the State generally competence issues of their 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated aο first, if (in not final, approach, the term province. Central Government, apart from special cases, has theπρέπει general direction, coordination ροή της γνώσης από άτομο σε άτομο, που καθένας να σε urban gentrification) is the area ofκατανοήσει Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban and control βαθμούς legitimacy the Regional institutions as bythe law.area gentrification gentrification) isarea, indicated (in of Οργανισμού Planning) (or ποικίλους τοof “refining” θέμα με of το οποίο οιprovided εργαζόμενοι του Sociology asofwell), as the a city the removal from this, (in various ñ Common legislator and Administration, when they act normative, they are obliged to take ασχολούνται. Η γνώση πρέπει να ρέει συνεχώς στον Οργανισμό. Η μετάδοση των Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups,conditions usually of ofisland low-income and the areas, placement there artists, into account the special and mountainous ensuring theirof growth. γνώσεων άλλους και η νέας γνώσης, όπως there περιγράφεται ways), ofπρος social groups, usually ofκαταγραφή low-income and the placement of artists, Article 101A the operation ofτους art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Constitution provides for the establishment and operation of anregardless Independent από τον Nonaka (1991),καθώς και τους Nonaka και Takeuchi (1995), οι οποίοι the Where operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this “change”, of whatever other has, results rising of land prices (and the Authority, its Members are appointed for a fixed tenure and they are governed by personal and εξετάζουν την έννοια της γνώσης από την άποψη ενός φαύλου κύκλου γνώσης. Ο whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential speculation). functionalrelative independence, as specified by law. κύκλος αυτός περιλαμβάνει τέσσερεις βασικές μορφές αλληλεπίδρασης μεταξύ potential relative speculation). 4. Article 102 of the Constitution 1975/1986/2001/2008: The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to ñ Administration of local affairs belongs to Local Government Organizations of first and second άρρητης και ρητής γνώσης: The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto grade. a. κοινωνικοποίηση, the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents are To Local Government Organizations there is presumption of competence for the b. εξωτερίκευση, London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus oldaffairs residents administration of local affaires. Law defines the extendthere and types of local andare the being indirectly “squeezed”. c.indirectly συνδυασμός καιphenomenon distribution between each grade. Law may Local organizations the being “squeezed”. A description of this is delegate includedtoin the Government work of Sociologist Ruth exercise of powers that consist state’s mission. d. εσωτερίκευση A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded other major ñ Local Government Organizations have administrative and financialin autonomy. Their ροή της γνώσης από άτομο σεvoting, άλλοasάτομο έχει ως αποτέλεσμα τις GLASS atare the same period, while similar situations were in other major cities inΗWestern countries, by other Researchers. authorities elected by universal and secret provided byrecorded law. συλλογικές προσπάθειες για την ολοκλήρωση προγραμμάτων ελέγχου για την cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. ñ Law may provide the establishment of compulsory or voluntary associations of Local Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Government Organizations works or provisionseveral of services. These associations be ενισχύσει οργανωτικής αποτελεσματικότητας. Sinceτης then, the issuefor has preoccupied scholars and for its may more comprehensive approach administrated by elected bodies are being summarized below, from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: ñ State exercises supervision over Local Government Organizations, which concerns solely to Ρητή και Άρρητη interpretations of the phenomenon of the following: legitimacy control and it is not Γνώση allowed to block their initiative and freedom of In a2.sense, the phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new category ofaction. socialLegitimacy groups control is exercised as provided by law. Disciplinary sanctions to elected bodies of local Σύμφωνα με τους Gamble&Blackwell (2001), μπορούμε να διαχωρίσουμε toadministration, “return” to the city,from leaving purlieus for several reasons: high costsbeing in money apart casesthe involving deduction or idleness, applied την γνώση που αποκτάμε σε ρητήautomatic (explicit), άρρητη γνώσηare(tacit) και only withto thetravel consent of a the Council, consisted at majority ofwhere regularwork judges, as provided and time from purlieus to downtown, place is, lackby oflaw. the ενσωματωμένη (embedded) γνώση. Η ρητή γνώση μεταδίδεται με το προφορικό ñ of The State the legislative, regulatory and fiscal measures needed to ensure The termtakes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS waseconomic born in sense1. safety atcomes thealldistributed residencies outside town centres, search for better independence and provides necessary resources for the accomplishment of the tasks and και γραπτό λόγο, την άρρητη την αποκτάμε με την εμπειρία καιentitled: τηνthe Berlin, where she made herthe first studies. In 1932 she an important study services of education, “at published the heart the city”,movements (possibly) exercise of health, competences of same Localentertainment Government Organizations withof simultaneous of Youth Unemployment. year she left Germany andδιάφορες after continuous ενσωματωμένη με τηνThe παρατήρηση, την ανάλυση και τεχνικές. ensuringfor transparency in the management offrom these resources. Law defines theto relative withetc. the and lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” private car easier access markets, studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where Σύμφωνα μεLocal τους Gamble Organizations & Blackwellof(2001), εντοπίζουν τις διαδικασίες distribution, Government taxes In or fees, determined in their favour, and in 1943 she among published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. 1950 sheto became teacher in the According to another approach, the is due a systematic and αναγνώρισης των υφιστάμενων πηγών γνώσης, καθώς και τηνpublic ανακάλυψη collected byCollege State. Each transferral of she competences from state’s central or regional bodies to Local University of London, where continued her social research. Her action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying Government implies transfer ofpassion corresponding resources. provides the relative regarding κρυμμένης στα δεδομένα και πληροφορίες. Αυτή η γνώση βρίσκεται her work areγνώσης characterized by a for τις justice. See also:Law COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. definition and collecting ofetc., localfor revenues directly from 2009. Local Government organizations. and selling real estate, the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: τόσο5.εντός τουof Οργανισμού όσοissues και εκτός, όπως σε πελάτες, προμηθευτές και Because their importance, of Local Government Organizations have become Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aσυνεργάτες, variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually subject of a κ.λ. series of Conferences, International Conferences as well as regulations at

220 24*Αναδημοσιεύεται από το τ. 99/2020. Αναζητήστε το υπόλοιπο του κειμένου στην 2521 11 14 ηλεκτρονική διεύθυνση της ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Intervention, GENTRIFICATION Definition, of The definition of Types the Foreign Direct Investment

Definition, Types of intervention, intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Gentrification Definition, of Concerns of By Ioanna MARKATOU, Concerns Lawyer, LL.M Commercial Law, Concerns University of Lausanne

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS

188

Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS In recent years although theBy trend of globalization the economy is Harvard University, University, Graduate School of of Design, Design, Student, Harvard Graduate School of Student, obvious, still there is no comprehensive governing By Mr. Mr. international George-Sp. C. C.framework ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect By George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture the international investment law. In this article I will refer to the definition of Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete foreign direct investment. Technical University of Crete On a legal person the question that arises is what kind of investment it 1. Introductory Introductory approach: approach: Defining Defining the the concept concept is. 1. Has the definition of the investment been defined? Under this framework 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCway 370ofBC, BC, Athens), 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept theANTISTHENIS, best international forGreek the definition in a(444 broad theAthens), foreign theforum ancient philosopher, BC -- 370 ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the ANTISTHENIS, Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 Athens), direct investment is the the ancient International Centre for Settlement of BC, Investment among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. among other wise heritage he left us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: DisputesICSID. Article 25 ICSID does not define the content investment because the it acquisition ofofknowledge starts with the ofofthe concepts. acquisition knowledge starts with the definition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. wants to be formed through the practices of the states. It aims to protect the Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, therefore, on this this “principle” is inindicated first, if if (in notthe final, approach, the term term gentrification) area of Planning) Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and Based, on “principle” in aawant first, not final, approach, urban gentrification) is indicated the area of (or gentrification flexibility of the definition and it does not to (in put obstacles inPlanning) thethe future 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of (or 1 Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology asaswell), asas the “refining” ofofa acity the removal (in various development of(and the international investment law. Sociology well), the “refining” city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social social groups, usually of low-income low-income andthe theremoval placement there of artists, Sociology as well), as the “refining” ofthe a city area, this, (inartists, various ways), of groups, usually of and the placement of Forty years later, after entry into force from thethere Washington ways), of social groups, usually of low-income low-income and thethis placement there of artists, artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of ways), of social groups, usually of and the placement there of the operation art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Convention inofof 14.10.1966, the characteristics of foreign investments have the operation art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences rising ofofland prices (and been consolidated in the casehas, lawresults by thealso ICSID whereby in order to the be whatever other consequences has, results also rising land prices (and the potential relative speculation). whatever other consequences also under rising of prices the potential relative speculation). considered an economic activityhas, as results investment theland Article of (and 25 (1), potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found found at at first first in in the the UK UK in in early early 1960s 1960s and and it it refers refers to to potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is should gather cumulatively the following elements: The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of The a) term gentrification iswealthy found first in the UKc) in earlycontribution 1960s and itareas refers to the then observed trend ofof toto buy property ininpoor ofof A long-term project b) Aatpeople business risk The of the the then observed trend wealthy people buy property poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade stay and old are investor must bethem, financial valuable assets d) The financial assets London, upgrade them, staythemselves themselves sometimes there andthus thusvaluable oldresidents residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly must contribute to country. being indirectly“squeezed”. “squeezed”. A description description of the thisdevelopment phenomenon of is the included in the the work work of of Sociologist Sociologist Ruth Ruth being indirectly “squeezed”. A of this phenomenon is included in The initial case law was highly expansionary concept of the A description of this phenomenon is included inwere thesince workthe of Sociologist Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations recorded in other major A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Ruth GLASS atatthe same period, while similar situations were recorded ininother major investment was including all activities which were characterized as GLASS the same period, while similar situations were recorded other major cities in Western Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. commercial transactions. However, in ‘Mihaly v. Sri Lanka’ case, the recourse Since then, the the issue has has preoccupied several scholars scholars and and for for its its more more cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, issue several Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its of an investor before the arbitral tribunal was rejected due to the fact that the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more more comprehensive approach are being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various economic activity did not subject under the concept of from the investment interpretations of the the phenomenon of gentrification, gentrification, thebelow, following: comprehensive approach are being summarized the various interpretations of phenomenon of the following: interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: according to Article 25(1) of ICSID. In this case was held that thegroups preIn a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups investments costs were not covered by the concept of the investment because to “return” “return” to to the the city, city, leaving leaving the the purlieus purlieus for for several several reasons: reasons: high high costs costs in in money money to any time investment agreement was absent. The arbitral tribunal introduced aoffifth and to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack the and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in element in the concept of investment, if we accept the ‘Sallini’s test’. This sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better 1.of The termat comesdistributed from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for was born in sense safety residencies town centres, Berlin, where she the made her first studies. In 1932outside she published an important study better entitled: element that the economic activity have been by thefor services of health, education, “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Berlin, where she made her first entertainment studies. In 1932should she an important study entitled: services ofwas health, education, “at published the heart theaccepted city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same entertainment year she left Germany and after of continuous movements Youthliving Unemployment. The same yearfrom she left Germany and after continuous for adequate authorities of the host state or the economic activity should have lower cost of, “withdrawal” private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and Neweasier York she came back to London, where lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another another approach, the is due due systematic and been implemented according to the the law ofplanning. the hostIn in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon Instate. 1950 sheto became teacher in the to approach, aa systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social is research. Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying Even though thebyby aforementioned the emphasized that there University College of London, where she continued hertribunal social research. Her public and long-term informal effort organized groups, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized a passion for justice. Seemanufacturers, also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. herselling work are characterized byagreement, a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in was not any investment however the court did not examine the 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm variety of ofexpectations’ ways, in order order to achieve achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually created to the investor i.e. that“voluntary”, the investment would ............ Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aa‘legitimate variety ways, in to the “assisted”, (actually

21 221 2521 11 Βλέπετε το υπόλοιπο του κειμένου στην ηλεκτρονική διεύθυνση της ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α., 25 11 τ. 87/2017.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification ΕΥΡΩΠΑΪΚΗ ΕΝΩΣΗ Concerns ΘΕΣΜΙΚΟ ΠΛΑΙΣΙΟ, ΚΥΡΙΕΣ ΠΟΛΙΤΙΚΕΣ By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS κυρίας Στέλλας ΜΟΛΕΣΚΗ Harvard University,Της Graduate School of Design, Student, George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Μ.By Sc.Mr. Διεθν. και Ευρωπ. Οικονομ. Architect Δικαίου Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. ΕΙΣΑΓΩΓΗ1 Η Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση (ΕΕ) αποτελεί μια οικογένεια ευρωπαϊκών 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept δημοκρατικών χωρών που συνεργάζονται για τη τρόπου ζωής 1. Introductory approach: the conceptβελτίωση ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - του 370 BC, Athens), τωνANTISTHENIS, πολιτών τους καιancient για τη δημιουργία ενός(444 κόσμου. the Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established aκαλύτερου great theΗ Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση αποτελεί σήμερα ένα μοναδικό σχηματισμό οικονομικής among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the και πολιτικής συνεργασίας ανάμεσα 28 ευρωπαϊκές χώρες, όλες μαζί acquisition of knowledge starts with theσε the content ofπου concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term καλύπτουν ένα μεγάλο μέρος της ευρωπαϊκής ηπείρου. 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban Η Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση είναι στον κόσμο. Δενthis, ένα gentrification gentrification) indicated (in thefrom area ofαποτελεί Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of μοναδική a cityisarea, the removal (in various ομόσπονδο κράτος όπως οι Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες της Αμερικής, καθώς οι χώρες Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, που την αποτελούν εξακολουθούν να κυρίαρχα έθνη. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andανεξάρτητα, thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.είναι However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless Επίσης, δεν είναι ούτε απλώς ένας διακυβερνητικός οργανισμός όπως ταof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results rising of μέρος land prices (and the Ηνωμένα Έθνη, καθώς οι χώρες μέλη της also συνενώνουν των εθνικών potential relative potential relative speculation). κυριαρχιών τους και έτσι αποκτούν μεγαλύτερη συλλογική δύναμη The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refersκαι to The term found μεμονωμένα. atpeople first in the UK early 1960s and itareas refers επιρροή απ' gentrification ότι αν ενεργούσαν Ταin κράτη μέλη ασκούν την the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas εθνική κυριαρχία τους απόof κοινού, λαμβάνοντας συλλογικά μέσω London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thusαποφάσεις old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and thus old residents are κοινών θεσμικών οργάνων, όπως είναιsometimes το Ευρωπαϊκό Κοινοβούλιο, το οποίο being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. εκλέγεται από ofτους πολίτες τηςis included ΕΕ και inτο Συμβούλιο, στο οποίο A description this phenomenon the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofοιperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major εκπροσωπούνται εθνικές κυβερνήσεις. Οι αποφάσεις λαμβάνονται βάσει GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western by other Researchers. προτάσεων τηςcountries, Ευρωπαϊκής Επιτροπής, η οποία εκπροσωπεί τα συμφέροντα cities Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more της ΕΕinως σύνολο. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andπλαισίου for various its more comprehensive approach are being below, from the Σκοπός του παρόντος είναι μια summarized απεικόνιση του θεσμικού της comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, του πλαισίου συνεργασίας και αλληλεπίδρασης μεταξύ interpretations the phenomenon of the following: In aοργάνων, sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new category social groups των καθώς και των κύριων πολιτικών που έχουνofυιοθετηθεί με to “return” the city,των leaving the purlieus for several reasons: costs in money σκοπό τηνto επίτευξη θεμελιωδών αξιών και θεσμών τηςhigh Ένωσης. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe the distributed residencies outside town centres, 2.safety ΘΕΣΜΙΚΟ ΠΛΑΙΣΙΟ Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at heart ofθεσμικό the city”, (possibly)for Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση έναthe μοναδικό σύστημα Youth Η Unemployment. The sameέχει year εισαγάγει she left Germany and after continuous movementsτο lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studiesλειτουργεί and researchως in Geneva, Prague, London York she came back to London, οποίο ακρογωνιαίος λίθοςand τουNew ευρωπαϊκού οικοδομήματος. Τα in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and κράτη μέλη έχουν θεσπίσει κοινά θεσμικά όργανα στα οποία εκχωρούν University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying ορισμένες τους να for μπορούν ναalso: λαμβάνονται δημοκρατικές…. her work are εξουσίες characterized by aγια passion justice. See COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 1 G.υπόλοιπο ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of το ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Βλέπετε του κειμένου στην ηλεκτρονική διεύθυνση της ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α., τ. 78/2014. 222 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Η διαχείριση μη σύννομων δράσεων εντός της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης: Concerns θεσμικές ρυθμίσεις, συναφή όργανα

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ΤηςGraduate κυρίαςSchool Ελένης Π. ΓΑΒΡΙΗΛ Harvard University, of Design, Student, ΔικηγόρουArchitect Ασκ., By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Student of the School of Architecture Μ.Π.Σ. LLM, Πανεπ. ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος Technical University of Crete

Η τρέχουσα διεθνής πρακτική έχει αποδείξει, ότι όπου 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ασκούνται οικονομικές δραστηριότητες, και ιδίως ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444μεγάλης BC - 370 κλίμακας, BC, Athens), αυτές δεν είναι πάντοτε στο σύνολό τους σύννομες, για λόγων, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -σειρά 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: όπως επιδίωξη παράνομου κέρδους, επιδίωξη πρόκλησης ζημίας σε the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Τρίτους, άγνοια διαδικασιών κ.ά. 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Είναι αυτονόητο, ότι το φαινόμενο αυτό παρουσιάζει ιδιαίτερη 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various έξαρση εντός μεγάλων διεθνών οντοτήτων, όπως είναι π.χ. η Sociology as well), as1the “refining” of a city area, the from this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, of low-income theremoval placement , usually Οργανισμός suiand generis με there πολλαπλές Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of δραστηριότητες, (πολιτικές, οικονομικές, περιβαλλοντικές, πολιτι- of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the στικές, κοινωνικές, ανθρωπιστικές κ.ά.), also αλλά καιof με whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results rising landενδεχόμενες prices (and the potential relative αδυναμίες διαχείρισης μη σύννομων δράσεων, εντός των κόλπων potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and itτης. refers to The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers Έτσι, παράλληλα με σχετικές δράσεις των Κρατών Μελών, η ofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes peopleσυναφείς to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents Ένωση επιδιώκει να αντιμετωπίσει προκλήσεις εκareof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents being indirectly “squeezed”. παρανόμων δραστηριοτήτων Τρίτων, (απάτης, διαφθοράς κ.ά.), are being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of thisΟργανισμών, phenomenon is Επιχειρήσεων, included in the work of Sociologist Ruth (Κρατών, Διεθνών άλλων Νομικών A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Οντοτήτων, -the π.χ. Οργανισμών Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης -, Ιδιωτών κ.ά.), GLASS at same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. προς προστασία της ιδίαςbyτης υπόστασης και του χρήματος εκ των cities in Western countries, other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more φόρων τωνthen, Πολιτών, το οποίο θεσμικώς διαχειρίζεται. Since the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Σε επίπεδο Κρατών Μελών της Ένωσης έχουν θεσπισθεί ειδικές interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: ρυθμίσεις ποινικής υφής καιis Δικαστήρια επιπέδων, όπως In a sense, theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trend διαφόρων of a new of social groups π.χ. πέραν to των Ποινικών, το purlieus Ελεγκτικό Συνέδριο, προς διαχείριση to “return” the city, leaving the for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from theαπάτης purlieusκ.ά. to downtown, where work place is, lack of the φαινομένων διαφθοράς, termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for 1living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. lower studiesΒλ. andγενικά research in Geneva, and New York sheΔίκαιο came back London, where στοιχεία στο:Prague, Κωνστ.London ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ: της to Ευρωπαϊκής in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due tobecame a2010. systematic and Ένωσης. Επιστημ. Συμβολή: Β. ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ, Ελ. ΚΑΒΒΑΔΙΑ. Αθήναι, νέα εκδ. University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Βλέπετε το υπόλοιπο του κειμένου στην ηλεκτρονική διεύθυνση της her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α., τ. 82/2015. 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of of Intervention, Intervention, Definition, of Concerns of Definition, Types of intervention, intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Gentrification ΗγέτηςConcerns και Πειθαρχία Concerns

competence of state affairs in their Region, based on Article 101 of current Constitution.3 Abolition of the 13 Regions of the Government Decree of 6/3/1987. 13 new Regions come in their place (Organizations of second grade local government) along with the municipalities (Organizations of first grade) as an expression of popular sovereignty, they consist a fundamental institution of the Greek public life, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Της Δρος Ιλιάδ. ΕΥΡΙΠΙΔΟΥ 4 and the By Mr.102 George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS as guaranteed by the provisions Article of the current Constitution HarvardofUniversity, Graduate School of Design, Student, Μ.Π.Σ. Δημόσιας Διοίκησης 5 Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, European Charter of Local Self-Government. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Πανεπ.C. «ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ», Πάφος By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect of the School Architecture Abolition from 1/1/2011 of the Prefecture, Student Local Government ofofsecond grade, Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete as it was provided by Law 1622/1986 (which ultimately was not implemented Technical University of Crete

ΕΙΣΑΓΩΓΗ

1. Introductory approach: Definingυπό the concept Το 400 π.Χ. οι Μύριοι την αρχηγία του Ξενοφώντα, 1.1.Introductory approach: Defining the Introductory approach: Defining theconcept concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, αντικρίζοντας τον Εύξεινο Πόντο, αναφώνησαν την- 370 ιστορική ιαχή 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC, Athens), 3. Article 101 of current Constitution 1975/1986/2001/2008: ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), 1 among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the «Θάλαττα! Θάλαττα! και με ανακούφιση πλέον, συνέχισαν την theis»ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), ñANTISTHENIS, State’s administration organized according to the decentralized system. among other wise heritage he left us, he established aagreat the among other wise heritage he left us, he established great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. ñ Administrative division of the country is formed on the basis of geo-economic, social and τελική τους πορεία προς την Ελλάδα. Είχαν ήδη επιβιώσει για μεγάλο among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition ofofknowledge starts with ofofthe content ofofconcepts. acquisition knowledge starts withthe thedefinition definition the content concepts. transport conditions. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. χρονικό διάστημα σε εχθρικό περιβάλλον, διανύοντας εκατοντάδες Based, therefore, on this “principle” ininahave ififnot approach, the term 1Institutions ñ Regional ofthis the State generally decisive competence issues their Based, therefore, onένα “principle” afirst, first, notfinal, final, approach, theof term urban gentrification) isinindicated the area of on Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if (in not final, approach, theστις term (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or province. Central Government, apart from special cases, has the general direction, coordination gentrification 1 χιλιόμετρα και χρωστούσαν τη ζωή τους στον Ξενοφώντα. Χάριν gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various 1 (and urban and controlas ofwell), legitimacy of the Regional institutions as provided by the law. gentrification gentrification) isarea, indicated (in areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology asasthe “refining” of aικανότητες, city the removal from (in various ηγετικές και διοικητικές του πραγματοποιήθηκε το Sociology as well), the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ñ Common legislator and Administration, when they act normative, they are obliged to take Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), ofofsocial groups, usually ofof low-income and the placement ways), social groups, usually low-income and thethis placement there of αυτό artists, into account the conditions of island and mountainous areas, ensuring their growth. ακατόρθωτο. Ακόμη και σήμερα, φαντάζει δύσκολο να επιτευχθεί the operation ofspecial art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless ofof Article 101A of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless the operation που έγινε πριν 2500 χρόνια. Υπό την αρχηγία του ενός, σώθηκαν οι whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the theWhere operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However “change”, of Constitution provides for theresults establishment and this operation of anregardless Independent whatever other has, rising of land prices (and the whatever consequences results also rising of governed land prices (and the potential relative speculation). πολλοί. Authority, itsother Members are appointed has, for a fixed tenure and they are by personal and whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). functional independence, as specified byat law. The term gentrification is found first inαπό the UK early 1960s and it Πολλά είναι τα παραδείγματα τηνin Ιστορία, όπου ο refers ένας to ο potential relative speculation). The term gentrification isisfound atatfirst UK early and refers to 4. Article 102 of the Constitution 1975/1986/2001/2008: The term gentrification found firstininthe the UKinin early1960s 1960s andititareas refersof to the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor ηγέτης, πέτυχε κάτι που φαινομενικά ήταν ακατόρθωτο και άφησε The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to ñ Administration oftrend local affairs belongs topeople Local Government Organizations of firstareas and second the then observed ofofwealthy totobuy property ininpoor ofof the then observed trend wealthy people buy property poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are grade. the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of ανεξίτηλα την σφραγίδα του σε κάποιο γεγονός. London, upgrade them, themselves sometimes there old are London, upgrade them,stay stay themselves sometimes thereand andthus thus oldresidents residents Toindirectly Local Government Organizations there is presumption of competence for are the being “squeezed”. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Ακόμη και από την Βίβλο ένα τρανταχτό παράδειγμα ηγέτη ο administration of local affaires. Law defines the extend and types of local affairs and the being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth being indirectly “squeezed”. distribution between each grade. Law λαό may to in Local Government organizations the AAdescription ofofthis phenomenon isisdelegate included the work ofof Sociologist Ruth Μωυσής οδήγησε τον ατίθασο του Ισραήλ στην Γή της Επαγγελίας description this phenomenon included in the work Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same whilemission. similar were in other major exercise of powers that consist state’s A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included in the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at40 theχρόνια same period, situations were in other major μετά από περιπλάνησης. ñ in Local Government Organizations have administrative andrecorded financial autonomy. Their cities Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. GLASS atare the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities ininΗ Western countries, by other Researchers. authorities elected by universal and secret voting, as provided by law. cities Western countries, by other Researchers. ηγεσία είναι έννοια διαχρονική, της οποίας η σημασία και ο Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. ñ Law may provide the establishment of compulsory orscholars voluntary associations ofmore Local Since then, the issue has several and Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andfor forits itsmore comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various ρόλος είναι καθοριστική οπουδήποτε και οποτεδήποτε. Government Organizations works or provision several of services. These associations may be Since then, the issueforhas preoccupied scholars andthe for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from comprehensive approach being summarized below, from thevarious various administrated byof elected bodies are interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations ofof the ofof gentrification, the following: interpretations thephenomenon phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: exercises supervision over Government which solely to Inñ State a sense, the phenomenon is Local due to a trend ofOrganizations, a new ofconcerns social groups ΟΡΙΣΜΟΣ interpretations of the of gentrification, thecategory following: legitimacy control and it isphenomenon not allowed to block their initiative and freedom of action. Legitimacy In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups tocontrol “return” to the city, the for several reasons: costs in money as leaving provided by purlieus law. Disciplinary tohigh elected bodies of local Ηis exercised λέξη ηγεσία προέρχεται από τοsanctions αρχαίο ρήμα «ηγέομαι» toadministration, “return” the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high in money apart from cases involving automatic deduction or idleness, are beingof applied and time to to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work placecosts is, lack the (ηγούμαι), το οποίο σημαίνει προπορεύομαι, οδηγώ, and to travel from theSociologist purlieus to downtown, work place is,διευθύνω. lack of thein onlytime the consent ofdistributed a Council, consisted at majority ofwhere regular judges, as provided law. 1.with term from Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS wasby born sense ofThe safety atcomes the residencies outside town centres, search for better 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born ñ The State takes all the legislative, regulatory and fiscal measures needed to ensure economic sense ofwhere safety atτην the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for entitled: better Berlin, made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study Συνεπώς μεshe ηγεσία ορίζουμε την καθοδήγηση ανθρώπων απόin services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Berlin,Unemployment. where she provides made herthe first studies. In 1932 she published an important study independence and necessary resources for the accomplishment of the tasksentitled: and the Youth The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) κάποιον, προς κατεύθυνση. Αυτό στη συνέχεια Youthliving Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for exercise of competences ofσυγκεκριμένη Local Government Organizations with simultaneous ensuring of lower cost of,μια “withdrawal” from private access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came back to London, lower living cost of, “withdrawal” private easier access to transparency in management of from these resources. Law the relative withetc. the and studies in Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she came back to teacher London, where δημιουργεί μια σχέση αλληλεξάρτησης, μεταξύ του ηγέτη και των in 1943and sheresearch published studies regarding city planning. In defines 1950 she in the According tothe another approach, the phenomenon is due tobecame a markets, systematic and distribution, among Local Government Organizations ofher taxes or determined in their favour, and in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In fees, 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued social research. Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofνα buying ανθρώπων. Άρα κανένας δεν ηγέτης χωρίς ανθρώπους τον ........ collected State. Each transferral of competences from state’s central orENGLISH regional bodies to Local University College of London, sheείναι continued her social research. Her public action and her work by are characterized byby awhere passion for justice. See also: COLLINS DICTIONARY. long-term informal effort organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying Government implies transfer of corresponding resources. Law the relative regarding and real estate, etc., theCodepreciation initially ofprovides part of the urban web, in herselling work characterized byfor aAND passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 10th edit.are Wil. COLLINS SONS Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in definition and collecting of local revenues directly from Local Government organizations. 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 1 ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in importance, order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 1 τοG. του Abstract. κειμένου στην ηλεκτρονική διεύθυνση της ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α., 5.Βλέπετε Because ofυπόλοιπο their issues of the Local Government Organizations have become «Ξενοφών, ηinΚάθοδος Μυρίων». G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, order Abstract. toτων achieve “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 72/2013. of a series of Conferences, International Conferences as well as regulations at 21 224τ. subject

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns ΣτρεςConcerns και Ηγεσία

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Της ΔροςSchool Ανδρ. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate ofΕΥΡΙΠΙΔΟΥ Design,Architect Student, Student theATHANASSOPOULOS School of Architecture By Mr. George-Sp. C. Μ.Π.Σ. of Δημόσιας Διοίκησης Architect Technical University of Crete Student«ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ», of the School ofΠάφος Architecture Πανεπ. Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Introductoryapproach: approach: Defining theconcept concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), 1.1.Introductory Defining ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek the philosopher, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 Η έννοια του στρες ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC- -370 370BC, BC,Athens), Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, philosopher, he established a great “principle”: the ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek BC among other wiseheritage heritage he left us,definition heestablished established agreat great “principle”: the ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), acquisition of knowledge starts with the of the content of concepts. among other wise he left us, he a “principle”: Στρες είναι η ένταση που προκαλείται, η πίεση που νιώθουμε the acquisition knowledge starts with the the content ofconcepts. concepts. among wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a great the Based,other therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, ifofof not final, approach, the term acquisition ofofknowledge starts with the content of“principle”: από τις συνθήκες της προσωπικής και επαγγελματικής μας ζωής. Τοterm 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term 1 1(and στρες εσωτερικεύεται και προκαλεί ένα ψυχοσωματικό σύνδρομο gentrification (and urban gentrification) (inthe thearea area ofPlanning) Planning) (or Based, on“refining” this “principle” inis aindicated first, not final, approach, the term Sociology astherefore, well), asurban the of a cityis area, theifremoval from this, (in various gentrification) indicated (in of (or gentrification 1 (and 1 Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various gentrification urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or ways), social groups, usually of low-income and placement of various artists, που τοofονομάζουμε άγχος. Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, thethe removal fromthere this, (in ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various the operation ofgroups, art galleries, restaurants, etc. “change”, regardless of 1 ways), ofΆγχος social usually ofαπό low-income and thethis placement there of artists, που στην (προέρχεται το However ρήμα άγχω, the operation ofart artgalleries, galleries, restaurants, etc.However However this “change”, regardless ways), of other social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, whatever consequences has, results also rising of“change”, land prices (and the the operation of restaurants, etc. regardless ofof ελληνική_γλώσσα, αρχαία ελληνική γλώσσα σημαίνει σφίγγω ή whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless potential relative speculation). whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof πνίγω) είναι η speculation). δυσάρεστη πνευματική και φυσική που potential relative speculation). whatever other consequences has, results also rising ofκατάσταση land prices (and to the The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers potential relative The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers potential relative speculation). προκύπτει σαν αποτέλεσμα μιας διαφαινόμενης απειλής, την οποία the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers toto the then observed trend wealthy people buyin property inpoor poor areas The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK early 1960s and itareas refers to London, upgrade them, stayofof themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are the observed trend totobuy property in ofof δεν then μπορούμε να αντιμετωπίσουμε άμεσα. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of being indirectly “squeezed”. London,Οι upgrade them,του stay στρες themselves sometimes there and thus old residents συνέπειες και του συνακόλουθου άγχους για το are being indirectly “squeezed”. London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes and of thus old residents are A description ofthem, this phenomenon is included in there the work Sociologist Ruth being indirectly “squeezed”. άτομο είναι ψυχοσωματικές και συμπεριφοράς. Ανάμεσά τους: A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth being indirectly “squeezed”. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations recorded in other major A description of this phenomenon is included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS thesame same period, while similar situations were recorded other major Aindescription ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth κούραση και αδυναμία, πονοκέφαλοι, σφίξιμο στοrecorded στήθος και στο cities Western countries, by othersimilar Researchers. GLASS atatthe while inin other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. GLASS atπεπτικές the the same period, similar situations recorded in other major Since then, issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more cities in Western countries, bywhile other Researchers. στομάχι., διαταραχές, διαταραχές τουwere ύπνου, καταχρήσεις Since then,the the issuehas has preoccupied severalscholars scholars andfor forits itsmore more cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Since then, issue preoccupied several and κάθε είδους, ευερεθιστότητα, σεξουαλικές διαταραχές, αυξημένη comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Since then, has several scholars andthe for various its more interpretations ofthe the issue phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from αρτηριακή πίεση, καρδιαγγειακά προβλήματα, ταχυκαρδία, interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: αρρυθμίες, μυϊκές εντάσεις, έξαψη, απογοήτευση,, interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: to “return” to the phenomenon city, leaving the for several reasons: highof costs in money In a sense, is purlieus due to a trend of a new category social groups and time to to travel fromleaving the purlieus to downtown, where workhigh placecosts is, lack of the αναποφασιστικότητα, απώλεια μνήμης, αρνητικές σκέψεις, to “return” the city, the purlieus for several reasons: in money 1.of The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS wasbetter born sense safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of thein απόσυρση, αδυναμία ανησυχίας, Berlin, where she made her χαλάρωσης first studies. In και 1932 αίσθημα she published an importantέλλειψη study entitled: services ofterm health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the search city”, 1. The from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS(possibly) wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, for YouthofUnemployment. Theδιαύγειας same year sheσκέψης, left Germany and after continuous movements for συγκέντρωσης και δερματικά προβλήματα, Berlin, wherecost sheof, made her first studies. Inprivate 1932 she published an important studyetc. entitled: lower living “withdrawal” from car easier access to markets, services of health, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) studies and researcheducation, in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for κρίσεις πανικού... in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the toof, another approach, the phenomenon is access due a markets, systematic and lower living cost “withdrawal” from private etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, where University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another the is due a systematic and her work are characterized byapproach, a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. University College of London, where she continued her social of research. Her public action and and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially part of the urban web, in long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: her 1work are characterized by aκειμένου passion for justice. See also: διεύθυνση COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Βλέπετε το υπόλοιπο του στην ηλεκτρονική της ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α., Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aand variety of ways, in order tothe achieve the “assisted”, (actually selling real estate, etc., for depreciation initially of“voluntary”, part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: τ. 72/2013. G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 1 225 2521 11 Άγχος – Βικιπαίδεια el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Άγχος. 25211911

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Definition, Types ofIntervention, intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns Η Ηλεκτρονική Διακυβέρνηση Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Του Ελ. ΖΑΧΑΡΙΟΥΔΑΚΗ ΤουΔρ. κ. Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Μ.Π.Σ.C.Δημόσιας Διοίκησης By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Student of the School of Architecture Πανεπ. «ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ», Πάφος By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Technical University of Crete Student of the School of Architecture 1. Ιστορική διαδρομή 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Technical University of Crete

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the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is foundhas, at first in the UKrising in early 1960s and it refers whatever other consequences results also of land prices (and to the Χρήστες Internet potential relative speculation). The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in theto UK in property early 1960sinand it refers to the then observed trend wealthy people buy areas London, them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus oldpoor residents areof The upgrade term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers to the then observed trend of to buy property in poor of London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade“squeezed”. them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly A description ofthem, this phenomenon is included in there the work Sociologist Ruth London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes and of thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. Aindescription ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issue haswhile preoccupied several were scholars and for its more GLASS at the same period, similar situations recorded in other major citiesSince in Western other Researchers. then, countries, the issue by has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. 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Ruth search GLASS for born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, better and timewhere to travel fromher thefirst purlieus toIndowntown, where work place is,study lack entitled: of the Berlin, she made studies. 1932 she published an important services ofterm health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The year she left GLASS, Germany and after continuous movements 1.of The fromsame Sociologist Ruth 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasbetter bornfor in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, studies and research in Geneva, London and New York she an came back to London, where Berlin, where she made her firstPrague, studies. In 1932 she published important studyetc. entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at theInheart of the (possibly) in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.and 1950 she became teacher in the Youth Unemployment. The same year she leftphenomenon Germany after continuous movements for According to another approach, the is due to acity”, systematic and lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public and studies andinformal research in Geneva, London and New York she came brokers back to London, long-term effort by Prague, organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her workshe are characterized byapproach, a passion for justice. See also: DICTIONARY. in According 1943 published studies regarding city planning. InCOLLINS 1950 sheENGLISH became teacher in the to another the phenomenon is part due to a systematic and * initially of and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation of the urban web, in Σχήμα1. 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying *Βλέπετε το υπόλοιπο του κειμένου στην ηλεκτρονική διεύθυνση της ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α., G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of characterized ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually her work are by a Abstract. passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. τ.and 71/2013. selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 227 G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 2521 11 2.400 2.200 2.000 1.800 1.600 1.400 1.200

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Θεόδωρος Α. ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΣ Concerns

WITHOUT COMPASS? ΧΩΡΙΣ ΠΥΞΙΔΑ; By Mr. 30+… steps forGeorge-Sp. Europe C. ATHANASOPOULOS

Harvard University, Graduate Αθήναι, 2018, σελ. 280 School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Έκδοση Κέντρου Επιμόρφωσης, Μελετών Student of the School of Architecture Έρευνας και Ανάπτυξης, Αθήναι Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining theτου concept Σε ειδική εκδήλωση στα Γραφεία Ευρωπαϊκού Κοινοβουλίου στην 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Αθήνα εκλεκτές προσωπικότητες το BC νέο- 370 βιβλίο με τον ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greekπαρουσίασαν philosopher, (444 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -της 370Ευρωπαϊκής BC, Athens), αναγραφόμενο ανωτέρω τίτλο του διακεκριμένου Στελέχους among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the among other wise heritage he leftthe us, heΠανεπιστημίου established a great the Ένωσης καιofΚαθηγητού Επισκέπτου του Βόννης κ. Θεοδώρου acquisition knowledge starts with definition of the content of“principle”: concepts. of knowledge starts with the the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, Α.acquisition ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΥ, ενώπιον ενός πυκνού ενθουσιώδους ακροατηρίου . the term 1 (and urban Based, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of κ. Planning) (or gentrification Την therefore, σχετική συζήτηση συντόνισε ο Δημοσιογράφος Γεώργιος 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ΛΥΚΟΥΡΕΝΤΖΟΣ, ενώ τον λόγο έλαβαν κατά σειράν η κυρία Μαριέττα Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityκαι area, the fromthere (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and theremoval placement of ΓΙΑΝΝΑΚΟΥ, πρ. Βουλευτής, Υπουργός Ευρωβουλευτής, οthis, κ. Γεώργιος ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, of ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΙΚΑΚΗΣ, Kαθηγητής Πανεπιστημίου, πρ. regardless Πρύτανις, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the Ευρωβουλευτής, ο κ. Γιάννης ΜΑΝΙΑΤΗΣ, Καθηγητής Πανεπιστημίου,of whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Βουλευτής, πρ. Υπουργός και ο κ. Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, Καθηγητής potential relative speculation). The term gentrification found atΠρόεδρος first in theΝομικής UK in early 1960sΠανεπιστημίου and it refers to Πανεπιστημίων, και εκτόςis άλλων, Σχολής The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, το οποίο εδρεύει στην Πάφο της Κύπρου. the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof Άπαντες οι Ομιλητές την sometimes αξία και την σημασία London, upgrade them, stayεξήραν themselves there and thusτου oldκρινομένου residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. έργου και υπεγράμμισαν την ανάγκη να επιδιωχθεί η μεγαλύτερη δυνατή being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is του included in the work of φιλοσοφίας Sociologist Ruth διάχυση των σημαντικών μηνυμάτων και της κεντρικής του A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Συγγραφέως. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Μέχρι την ώρα εκτύπωσης του ανά χείρας τεύχους διαθέσιμα στοιχεία cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more προςSince δημοσίευση ήταν εκείνα των κυρίων ΜΑΝΙΑΤΗ και ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ, then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from τα οποία και καταχωρούνται εν συνεχεία. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Την εκδήλωση έκλεισαν με θερμούς λόγους ευχαριστιών ο κ. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΣ και ο Καθηγητής ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, ο οποίος επέδωσε στον κ. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟ και ειδική αναμνηστική πλακέτα ως ελάχιστη συμβολή στην and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the αναγνώριση και σημαντικού έργου τουsearch τιμωμένου 1.of The termτου from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS wasbetter bornκin sense safety atcomes theπολυσχιδούς distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΥ. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the -aΣπ. ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΣ to another approach, the isΜάριος due systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia:  Αναδημοσιεύεται από το τ. 95/2019 της ανά χείρας έκδοσης. Άλλα στοιχεία G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

ΣΗΜΕΙΩΜΑ ΤΟΥ ΕΚΔΟΤOY ΤΟΥ ΒΙΒΛΙΟΥ Το Κέντρο Επιμόρφωσης Μελετών Έρευνας και Ανάπτυξης, συσταθέν εν έτει 1990, εν τη επιθυμία των Μελών της Διοίκησής του, συγκειμένης εκ Καθηγητών Πανεπιστημίου και Ειδικών Επιστημόνων, να «διαχέεται», κατά το δυνατόν, σε ευρύτερους κύκλους η γνώση και να προβάλωνται διαπρεπείς Επιστήμονες, αποφάσισε την παρούσα έκδοση του έργου του κ. Θεοδώρου Α. ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΥ, WITHOUT COMPASS? ΧΩΡΙΣ ΠΥΞΙΔΑ; 30+… steps for Europe. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Τα Μέλη του Δ.Σ. Του Κέντρου έκριναν, ότι το εν λόγω έργον, προϊόν Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, μακράς, συστηματικής, επίπονης έρευνας και λίαν ευδοκίμου επιστημονικής By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect και επαγγελματικής δραστηριότητας, είναι ιδιαζόντως υψηλής ποιότητας και Student of the School of Architecture αναφέρεται σε εξόχως ενδιαφέροντα θέματα γενικήςTechnical αποδοχής. University of Crete Σημειώνεται, ότι τα Ευρωπαϊκά βήματα του κ. Θεοδώρου Α. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΥ αρχίζουν από την εποχή των σπουδών του στην Ελλάδα και στην 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Γερμανία, ενώ τα θέματα τηςGreek κρατικής παρέμβασης στην οικονομία της ANTISTHENIS, the ancient philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage heκαι left us, he established(444 aανάπτυξης great the αγοράς, της μετανάστευσης της περιφερειακής αποτελούν among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he ότι established a great the acquisition of knowledge startshe with content of“principle”: concepts. προτεραιότητές του. Είναι αυτονόητο, σεof the αυτά τα θεματικά πεδία acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, ρόλο therefore, this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the κεντρικό έχει on η Ελληνική πραγματικότητα, αντικείμενο άλλως τε term των 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on Ευρωπαϊκή this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification αρμοδιοτήτων του στην Ένωση. 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Πέραν αυτών, ο κ. Θεόδωρος Α. ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΣ έχει Ακαδημαϊκή Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, removal fromthere this, (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe the placement of συνεργασία στο Πανεπιστήμιο της Βόννης επί θεμάτων Ευρωπαϊκής ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art restaurants,Πολιτικών, etc. However “change”, regardless of Ολοκλήρωσης καιgalleries, Διαρθρωτικών η this οποία του επιτρέπει να the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the προσκτάται νέες εμπειρίες και να διαμορφώνει την άποψη, ότι θέματαof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative ευρωπαϊκού ενδιαφέροντος πρέπει να διδάσκωνται στις Σχολικές και potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK inτου early 1960s and it refers to Πανεπιστημιακές αίθουσες, επί σκοπώ προβολής Αξιακού Συστήματος The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης. the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof Το όλον έργοthem, διακρίνεται για την sometimes πρωτότυπη «σύλληψη» τουresidents κεντρικού London, upgrade stay themselves there and thus old are being indirectly “squeezed”. πυρήνος, τον πλούτο των στοιχείων, το μεγάλο εύρος της θεματολογίας, την being indirectly “squeezed”. A description ofθεώρηση this phenomenon is included in theδιαφόρων work of Sociologist Ruth συνθετική κριτική των επί μέρους πτυχών και A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of ζητημάτων Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major μάλιστα σε τέσσερις διαφορετικές γλώσσες. GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. Εν κατακλείδι, το εν by λόγω έργον, εκτός της σημαντικής επιστημονικής cities in Western countries, other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more συμβολής του the στηνissue εν γένει έρευνα συγχρόνων θεμάτων πολλαπλού Since then, several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approachhas arepreoccupied being summarized from ενδιαφέροντος, συνιστά, πέραν τωνsummarized άλλων, αφ'εαυτού ένα the πολύτιμο comprehensive approach are being below, from various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: εργαλείο, για όλους εκείνους, οι οποίοι αντιμετωπίζουν συναφή ζητήματα interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups εντός εθνικού, διεθνούς, ευρωπαϊκού και παγκοσμίου περιβάλλοντος. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Καθηγητής Κων.centres, ΓΕ.Ruth ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town search Berlin, where she made her first studies.Σχολής In 1932 Πανεπιστημίου she published an important study entitled: Πρόεδρος Νομικής ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος, services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. The same yearΑθηνών, she left Germany andΚαθηγητής after continuous Καθηγητής Πανεπιστημίου Ομότιμος Πανεπιστημίου lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, Κοινωνικών καιapproach, Πολιτικών Επιστημών, Αθηνών, Επί τιμή in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.ΠΑΝΤΕΙΟΝ, In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social Her public action and Διαλέκτης Σχολής Εθνικής Αμύνης Ελλάδος, Ex Ch. L.research. U. L., Bruxelles, Ex Inter. long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. I.I.A.P., Paris, Κάτοχος Τιμητικής Διακρίσεως LEofPRIX DES and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially partEUROPEEN of the urban web,12 in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ETOILES, HONORIS CAUSA G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Η ΠΡΟΚΛΗΣΗ ΕΙΣΑΓΩΓΗΣ ΤΗΣ ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΗΣ Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΗΜΑΤΙΚΟΤΗΤΑΣ ΣΤΗΝ ΕΚΠΑΙΔΕΥΣΗ Concerns Του κ. Δημ. ΣΚΑΡΛΟΥ

Φοιτητού της Σχολής Πολιτικών Επιστημών και Δημόσιας Διοίκησης του Εθνικού καιBy Καποδιστριακού Αθηνών Mr. George-Sp. Πανεπιστημίου C. ATHANASOPOULOS ΤηςSchool κυρίας ΚΑΤΣΗ Harvard University, Graduate of Αναστ. Design, Student, By Mr.Λογιστικής George-Sp.και C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Φοιτήτριας του Τμήματος Χρηματοοικονομικής Student ofΠανεπιστημίου the School of Architecture του Οικονομικού Αθηνών Technical University of Crete

Η Κοινωνική Επιχειρηματικότητα αποτελεί μια διακριτή μορφή 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept επιχειρηματικότητας η οποία έχει ως σκοπό την εξυπηρέτηση μιας 1. Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), κοινωνικής ανάγκης μέσω της δημιουργίας κοινωνικήςBC αξίας ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, 370και BC,στοχεύει Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great-“principle”: the στην επίλυση πιεστικών κοινωνικών προβλημάτων όπως η προστασία του among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the περιβάλλοντος, η εκπαίδευση, η παροχή υπηρεσιώνthe υγείας, η of αντιμετώπιση acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition content concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term της Based, φτώχειας, η ενέργεια, οι υδάτινοι πόροι. Η αντιμετώπιση 1 therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the του term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 προβλήματος που αναλαμβάνει τίθεται στο κέντρο των δραστηριοτήτων της gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various κοινωνικής επιχείρησης και η επίλυσή του συχνά έρχεται μέσα από την Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, 1. εφαρμογή καινοτόμων προσεγγίσεων ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of Η κοινωνική επιχειρηματικότητα μπορεί να λαμβάνει τόσο the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof κερδοσκοπική όσο και μη κερδοσκοπική μορφή, χωρίςof ναland αλλάζει ο τελικός whatever other consequences has, results also rising prices (and the potential relative speculation). στόχος της, δηλαδή η επίτευξη ενός κοινωνικού σκοπού. Οι κοινωνικές potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to επιχειρήσεις ξεκινούν απόofανθρώπους με in όραμα καιin επιμονή να επιτύχουν το The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first the UK early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend to buy property in poor ofto the then observed trend of wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas στόχο της κοινωνικής αλλαγής και της επίτευξης λύσεων με διάρκεια καιare οιof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and thusστη old λειτουργία residents are οποίοι εφαρμόζουν βασικές αρχές τηςsometimes επιχειρηματικότητας being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. των οργανισμών τους. Κρίσιμο στοιχείο που διαχωρίζει τις «κοινωνικές» από A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth τις «παραδοσιακές» επιχειρήσεις είναι το γεγονός ότι οι πρώτες στοχεύουν GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major στην inεπίλυση συγκεκριμένων cities Western countries, by otherκοινωνικών Researchers. προβλημάτων και όχι στην cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. επίτευξη οικονομικού αποτελέσματος, το οποίο χρησιμοποιούν για Since then, the issue has several scholars and ως for μέσο its more Since then, issueτους. has several below, scholars andthe for various its more την επιτυχία τουthe σκοπού comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach being summarized below, from theμοντέλο various Τα τελευταία χρόνια ηare Ελλάδα παρουσιάζει ένα μη βιώσιμο interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations of the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense,Ηthe phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend a new of social groups ανάπτυξης. ελληνική οικονομία γνώρισε μιαofπρωτοφανή κατάρρευση μετά to to the city, leaving purlieus forΑΕΠ several reasons: high30%, costs ποσοστό in money το“return” 2009, με αποτέλεσμα τηthe μείωση του κατά σχεδόν and timeως to προς travelτο from theστο purlieus where work place lackΓια of the χρέους ΑΕΠ 177,1to%downtown, και ποσοστό ανεργίας στο is, 17%. να 1.of The term comes from η Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS for was born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search better μπορέσει να at επιβιώσει χώρα χρειάζεται να επιτύχει υψηλούς ρυθμούς Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, “at the heart ofδραστηριότητες the city”,movements (possibly) ανάπτυξης, ρυθμούς που οι entertainment παραδοσιακές οικονομικές δενfor Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies andνα research in Geneva, London and New York she came back toδηλαδή London, where μπορούν παρέχουν σε Prague, σύντομο χρονικό διάστημα. Πρέπει να in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due aτις systematic and επαναπροσδιορίσουμε τον καπιταλισμό και να γεφυρώσουμε σχέσεις της University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying επιχειρηματικότητας μεby την κοινωνία και τον her work are characterized a passion for justice. Seeπλανήτη. also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 1 G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety ofτοways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Βλέπετε υπόλοιπο του κειμένου στην ηλεκτρονική διεύθυνση της ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α., τ. 99/2020.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Μεταρρυθμίσεις στους Οργανισμούς ΤοπικήςConcerns Αυτοδιοίκησης

Η περίπτωση της Κύπρου By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. Architect Της κυρίας Μυρ. ΛΟΪΖΙΔΗC.- ATHANASSOPOULOS ΠΑΠΑΝΑΣΤΑΣΙΟΥ Student of the School of Architecture M.Sc. Δημόσιας Διοίκησης Technical University of Crete

Πανεπ. «ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ», Πάφος

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), 1.ΕΙΣΑΓΩΓΗ ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC,από Athens), among other wise heritageΤοπικής he left us,Αυτοδιοίκησης he established(444 aαποτέλεσαν great the Οι Οργανισμοί τα among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. πρώτα χρόνια της Κυπριακής Δημοκρατίας έναcontent βασικό αποδέκτη acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term προβλημάτων καιurban απειλών ως αποτέλεσμα κατοχής 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, της if (in notεισβολής final, approach, the term gentrification) is the area ofκαι Planning) (or gentrification 1 gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areaοιthis, ofΟργανισμοί Planning) (or στο νησί as μας. Τότε όλος ο Κρατικός Μηχανισμός μαζί και Sociology well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης έδωσαν ένα πολύ δύσκολο αγώνα γιαartists, την ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of αντιμετώπιση των πληγέντων, την αποκατάσταση των προσφύγων και the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless of whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and the 1. την ανοικοδόμηση μιας υγιούς κοινωνίας σ’ όλους τους τομείς whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). Ταrelative γεγονότα αυτά οδήγησαν Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία στην potential speculation). The term gentrification is found at first inτην the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto αναβάθμιση της trend Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης μεin τη δημιουργία ενός the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof σύγχρονου θεσμικού πλαισίου που people περιλάμβανε τόσο τους Δήμους, όσο London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. και τιςindirectly Κοινότητες. Παρ’ όλα αυτά λόγω της ραγδαίας οικονομικής being “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ανάπτυξης, αστικοποίησης, τηςisανεργίας κ.λ.π. προκλήθηκαν A description ofperiod, this phenomenon included in the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at theτης same while similar situations were in otherπολλά major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major προβλήματα ύπαιθρο με αποτέλεσμα cities in Westernστην countries, by other Researchers. ο θεσμός αυτός να μην έχει cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more την επιθυμητή εξέλιξη. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from Στις σύγχρονες κοινωνίες είναι κοινά αποδεκτό, ότι οι comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Οργανισμοί Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης, συμπληρωματικοί interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of aείναι new of social groups μηχανισμοί άσκησης εξουσίας και διοίκησης και αποτελούν θεμελιώδη to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money 2,3 and timeγια to travel from the purlieus to downtown,.where work place is, lack of the θεσμό, την ποιότητα της Δημοκρατίας termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth1Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Βλ. Βάσος: ’ΗPrague, Δημόσια Διοίκηση στην Κύπρο’. Διοικητικό δίκαιο, lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private easier access to markets, etc.where studies andΓεωργίου research Geneva, London and car New York she came back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she teacher in the Νομολογία και εισαγωγή στη Διοικητική Επιστήμη. Λευκωσία, 2012. to another approach, the phenomenon is due tobecame a systematic and 2 University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her Αυτοδιοίκηση public and Βλ.informal Αθανασόπουλος Κ.ΓΕ.: ‘Περιφερειακή Διοίκηση και Τοπική long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Ελλάδα-Άλλα Κράτη Μέλη της Ε.Ε‘. Αθήναι, 2010. initially and selling real estate, etc., for theCo depreciation of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 3 Βλέπετε το υπόλοιπο του κειμένου στην ηλεκτρονική διεύθυνση της G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α., τ. 79/2015.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Definition, Types ofIntervention, intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Definition, Types of intervention, intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Gentrification Definition, of Concerns of Concerns Concerns Concerns

Όμως το «πεπρωμένο φυγείν αδύνατο». Ο πραγματικός καλλιτέχνης 3 Constitution. αργά ή γρήγορα θα οδηγηθεί στο «δεύτερο συρτάρι» και επιστρέφει ώριμος ofΟ the 13 γεννήθηκα. Regions of the Government Decree of 6/3/1987. 13 new όσο Abolition ποτέ «Εκεί όπου /σχολικού Στη χώρα που μου χάρισε το φως / ρόλος του ηγέτη Regions come in their place (Organizations of second grade local government) τρεμάμενος το γόνα μου συγκλίνω / και στα ρημάδια μένει λειτουργός / along withτοthe municipalities (Organizations ofΤης first grade) as an expression χωμάτινος πνεύμα μου αφήνω». Είναι πια ένας αρχιερέας, ένας μύστης τηςof κυρίας Γεωργ. ΣΑΒΒΑ Θεσσαλικής γης καιthey τηςconsist ανθρώπινης συμπεριφοράς. Οιthe αποσπασματικές popular sovereignty, a fundamental institution Μ. of Greek public life, Sc. Publ. Admin., 4 φωτογραφικές μνήμες γίνονται υπέροχοι στίχοι «Σοφάδες», «ο Θεριστής», «ο as guaranteed by the provisions of Article 102 of the currentΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, ConstitutionΠάφος and the By Mr.Πανεπιστήμιο George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS 5 θεσσαλικός κάμπος πάλλεται Ζευγάς», «ηCharter Καραγκούνα», «ο αλωνισμός». Ο European of Local Self-Government. Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ξανάAbolition από την from καθομιλουμένη Δημοτική Επαρχιακή Γλώσσα τουofποιητή. Όλα 1/1/2011 of the Prefecture, Local Government second grade, ATHANASOPOULOS By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Harvardγλώσσα, University,ιδεολογία, Graduate School of Design, Student, Η δομή του σχολικού συστήματος φαίνεται να είναι αρκετά δένονται αρμονικά εικόνα, συναίσθημα, σκοπός. Harvard University, Graduate School of not Design, Student, Student of theATHANASSOPOULOS School of Architecture as it was provided by Law 1622/1986 (which ultimately was implemented By Mr. George-Sp. C. Architect περίπλοκη, καθώς δεντου ακολουθείται από την αρχή μέχρι το τέλος ένα Νιώθουμε τον ιδρώτα προσώπου, βαριανασαίνουμε μαζί με την ανάσα By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Technical University of Crete Student of the School of Architecture ολοκληρωμένο οργανωτικό πρότυπο. Το σύγχρονο σχολείο καλείται Student of the School of Architecture του ξωμάχου αγρότη. Έχουμε μπροστά μας άξια ένα «ναΐφ»University ποιητή, που οι Technical of Crete 1. Introductory approach: Definingπροσωπικότητες, the Technical University of Crete πλέον να διαμορφώσει σύνθετες που να είναι ικανές στίχοι του είναι εικόνες ολογράμματα μιαςconcept ολόκληρης εποχής. 1. approach: Defining the concept 3. Introductory Article 101 of current Constitution 1975/1986/2001/2008: Introductory approach: Defining the concept Αν το νεανικό τραύμα του ξεριζωμού από (444 την επαρχιακή γηAthens), βρίσκει ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC - προκλήσεις. 370 BC, να 1. ανταποκριθούν στις κοινωνικές και τεχνολογικές Το ñIntroductory State’s administration is organized according to the decentralized system. 1.ANTISTHENIS, approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the την λύτρωση με τους ρομαντικούς λυρικούς στίχους, εξειδανικεύοντας ως ñ Administrative division of the country formed onνα theαποτελέσει basisBC of geo-economic, social and ανθρώπινο δυναμικό σχολείων μπορεί κλειδί της ANTISTHENIS, the των ancient Greekisphilosopher, (444 - 370το BC, Athens), 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - -370 BC, Athens), among other wiseheritage heritage he left us,definition heestablished established agreat great “principle”: the transport conditions. acquisition ofεφαρμογής knowledge starts with the of the content of concepts. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), ουτοπία τον γενέθλιο τόπο, το αστικό περιβάλλον κρύβει πολύ πιο σκοτεινές among other wise he left us, he a “principle”: the επιτυχούς πολιτικής και των όποιων αλλαγών. Για την ANTISTHENIS, the Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), ñ Regional Institutions ofancient thehe State generally have decisive on issues ofthe their among other wise heritage left us, he acompetence great acquisition ofknowledge knowledge starts with the definition the ofconcepts. concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in first, ifofof not final, approach, the term among other wise heritage left us,definition heaestablished established acontent great “principle”: the εσοχές. Το δεύτερο συρτάρι σ'he αυτό το περιβάλλον είναι πιο επώδυνο. acquisition of starts with the the content of“principle”: αποτελεσματικότητα των εκπαιδευτικών μονάδων, βασικός province. Central Government, apart from special cases, has the general direction, coordination among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the 1knowledge acquisition of starts with the the content of Based, therefore, on this “principle” inaindicated afirst, first,ifofifof not final, approach, theterm term (and urban gentrification) is (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification acquisition knowledge starts with thedefinition definition the content ofconcepts. concepts. Η αγροτική αθωότητα κονιορτοποιείται εις τα εξ ων συνετέθη. «Με and control ofof legitimacy of this the Regional institutions as provided by law. Based, therefore, on “principle” in not final, approach, the παράγοντας θεωρείται οstarts σχολικός ηγέτης. 1knowledge acquisition of with definition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in aarea, ififof not final, approach, the term gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thearea area of (or 1legislator ñ Common and Administration, when they act normative, they are obliged to take Sociology as well), asαντιμετωπίζεται the “refining” of the aη city the removal from (in various Based, therefore, on this “principle” inis afirst, first, not final, approach, the term σπασμένα φτερά» πραγματικότητα «περνούν οιPlanning) μέρες θλι(and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the ofthis, Planning) (or gentrification 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term Ο ηγέτης του σχολείου, σύμφωνα με τον παραδοσιακό του ρόλο, into account the special conditions of island and mountainous areas, ensuring their growth. 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), groups, usually of low-income and the placement ofvarious artists, gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom area of Planning) (or βερά /of κιsocial ούτε καμιά χαρά /ofστ' αλήθεια δεν ανάβει /area τη there θεία λαμπάδα, Sociology as well), as the “refining” a city the removal this, (in 1καμιά, Article 101A gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in the of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a acity the removal from this, (in various είναι ο κυρίαρχος ηγέτης του χώρου αυτού που ασχολείται με την ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Sociology as well), as the “refining” of city area, the removal from this, (in various και ξανά το λογισμό μου δεν πλανά πρώτα το καράβι». Το σύννεφο της ways), of /social groups, usually of andthe the placement there of artists, Where Constitution provides forlow-income the and operation ofthis, an Independent Sociology asτων well), as the “refining” of/establishment aσαν city area, removal from (in various ways), ofofsocial groups, ofhas, and the placement there of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of επίβλεψη υφιστάμενων αρχών και παραγόντων και τη whatever other consequences also rising of land prices (and the ways), social groups, usually oflow-income low-income and the placement there ofartists, artists, Authority, its Members areusually appointed for aresults fixed tenure and they are governed by personal and the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of ζωής μαυρίζει, ο πόνος δεν περνά, ο «Ξενιτεμός» σημαδεύει ανεξίτηλα την ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of functional independence, as specified by law. whatever other consequences has, results alsorising rising landprices prices (andthe the potential relative speculation). the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of διεκπεραίωση διοικητικών και υπηρεσιακών υποθέσεων. Ωστόσο, whatever other has, results also ofof land (and εσωτερική ψυχή «τώρα έρχεται βαρεία η Μελαγχολία τις νύχτες regardless συντροφιά Article 102ofof the Constitution 1975/1986/2001/2008: the 4. operation art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to σήμερα, στην κοινωνία της πληροφορίας, της τεχνολογίας της potential relative speculation). μου καθήσει!» «Κάπου... εκεί» στηtoresults κοντινή καιrising μακρινή Αθήνα βρωsecond το ñνα Administration of local affairs belongs Local Government Organizations of«θα firstκαι and whatever other consequences has, also of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). Theterm term gentrification isfound found atfirst firstininthe the UKinin early 1960s andititareas refersof potential relative speculation). the then observed trend of wealthy people toUK buy property inτων poor grade. The gentrification is at early 1960s and refers toto παγκοσμιοποίησης, οι απαιτήσεις των εκπαιδευτικών, μαθητών χάρτη / που με αόρατη γραφή / γράφτηκε/η τεθλασμένη γραμμή της ζωής potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of To Local Government Organizations there is presumption of competence for the The term gentrification is foundκοινωνικού atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers to London, upgrade them, stay sometimes there and thus old residents are the then observed trend ofthemselves wealthy toσυνόλου buy property in poor of μου» γιατί «επιστροφή και λύτρωση όνειρο/χαμένο για πάντα». Και και γενικότερα ευρύτερου είναι αυξημένες και The term gentrification is found at/είναι first inένα the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers to administration of του local affaires. Law defines the extend and types of in local affairs and the the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property poor of London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of being indirectly “squeezed”. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are distribution between each grade. Law delegate toπολλαπλούς Local Government μέσα σ'indirectly αυτή τη “squeezed”. πνευματική αντίληψη, που τόνα συρτάρι σφαλιστά κλειστό οthe οbeing σχολικός ηγέτης καλείται ναmay αναλάβει ρόλους, στους the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property inorganizations poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents are London, upgrade them, staystate’s themselves sometimes there andξεπηδά thus old residents are A description of this phenomenon issometimes included inthere the work of Sociologist Ruth exercise of powers that consist mission. being indirectly “squeezed”. ποιητής θέλει να κρατήσει, ένας έντονος καρυωτακισμός για να φέρει London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are οποίους να ανταποκριθεί αποτελεσματικά. being “squeezed”. A description ofthis this phenomenon includedininwere the work Sociologist Ruth ñ indirectly Local Government Organizations have administrative and financial Their being indirectly “squeezed”. GLASS atπρέπει the same period, while similar situations recorded inautonomy. major A description ofαν phenomenon isisincluded the work ofofSociologist Ruth τη «Γαλήνη». Κι πεις κάθε καημός, πως έχει σβήσει, θολή ηinother ματιά μας being indirectly “squeezed”. authorities are elected by universal and secret voting, as provided byrecorded law. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Ο ρόλος του σχολικού ηγέτη του σχολείου καθίσταται πλέον GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were other major A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. GLASS atσυντυχαίνει the provide same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major ñ Law may the establishment of compulsory orthe voluntary ofσαν Local ξάφνου ασάλευτο ένα μαύρο κυπαρίσσι, A description ofperiod, this phenomenon isαφού included inwere work ofassociations Sociologist Ruth GLASS at same while similar situations recorded inμοιάζει other cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. πολύ σημαντικός και περίπλοκος, καλείται να που εκπληρώσει μια GLASS atthe the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its major more Government Organizations for works or provision of services. These associations may cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. θαμπόφωτο στα βάθη, κραυγή στην ανεπνιά μαρμαρωμένη, πουand κλαίει βουβά τ'be GLASS atthen, the same period, while similar situations were recorded infor other cities ininWestern countries, by other Researchers. Since the issue has preoccupied several scholars its major more administrated by elected bodies cities Western countries, by other Researchers. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from theits various σειρά πολύπλευρων σκοπών και στόχων. Ουσιαστικά, καλείται να Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for more cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. ανθρώπινα τα πάθη! ñ State exercises supervision over Local Government Organizations, which concerns solely to comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: παίξει σημαντικό ρόλο στη δημιουργία κλίματος σχολική comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various legitimacy control and itissue is not allowed to block their θετικού initiative and freedom ofστη action. Legitimacy Since then, the has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Με το εσωτερικά του πάθος να συμβαδίζει με τ' ανθρώπινα τα πάθη, ο interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various In a sense, the a trend of asanctions new category of social groups control is ενώ exercised asphenomenon provided is bydue law. Disciplinary elected bodies of local interpretations ofηphenomenon the ofto gentrification, the following: μονάδα, προσωπικότητα, οι γνώσεις και οιto καλλιτεχνική ικανότητές του comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various δημιουργός Αθανασόπουλος βάζει ανεξίτηλα και την του interpretations of the phenomenon ofofgentrification, the administration, apart from casesthe involving deduction or idleness, are being applied interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, thefollowing: following: to “return” to the the city, leaving purlieus for several reasons: highofcosts in groups money In with a sense, phenomenon is due toautomatic aτου trend of a Με new category social καθορίζουν σετεράστιο μεγάλο βαθμό την επιτυχία του σχολείου του. Παύει interpretations of the of gentrification, the following: only theστο consent of aphenomenon Council, consisted at majority ofaregular judges, asof provided byπροσφραγίδα πνευματικό έργο. συντεταγμένο και In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of new category social groups and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work placecosts is, lack oflaw. the to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for reasons: high in money ñ The 6ήμα State takes all the legislative, regulatory andseveral fiscal measures needed to ensure economic πλέον να είναι ένας απλός διοικητής που διεκπεραιώνει σεκτικό βιωματικά και όχι υστεροβουλικά ο ποιητής έφτασε εκεί πουin to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money 1.of The term comes fromthe Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born sense safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, for independence and provides necessary resources for the accomplishment of the tasks and the and timewhere to travel from thefirst purlieus to downtown, where work place is,study lack entitled: of the γραφειοκρατικές λειτουργίες της σχολικής και ηinof Berlin, sheβιαστείς made her studies. In 1932 she published ansimultaneous important προείδε «Μην στη κορυφή να φτάσεις /μονάδας θαρρώντας πως εκεί θα and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is,γίνεται lack of the exercise of competences of Local Government Organizations with ensuring services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born sense ofThe safety atcomes themanagement distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for transparency in the of these resources. Law defines the ο relative with the and 1.of term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in ξαποστάσεις... /το βλέμμα σου, με πόνο θα στραφεί στον δρόμο, /που πριν είχες κινητήρια δύναμη, το των εκπαιδευτικών και αρωγός τους sense safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin, where she made her πρότυπο first studies. Inprivate 1932 she published an important study entitled: lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) distribution, among Local Government Organizations of taxes or fees, determined in their favour, and Berlin, where she madeThe hersame first studies. Inleft 1932 she published an important movements study entitled: Youth Unemployment. year she Germany and after continuous for χαράξει. /Μην στην κορυφή ναphenomenon φτάσεις/ θα είναι αργά, μαteacher πλέον θα services of health, education, entertainment “at the of the (possibly) σ’ όλα τα ζητήματα που τους απασχολούν στα πλαίσια της σχολικής in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. Inheart 1950 she became the According toβιαστείς another approach, the is due to acity”, systematic and collected by research State. Each transferral of competences from state’s central or regional bodies toin Local Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and continuous for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and in Geneva, Prague, London and New Yorkafter she came back to movements London, where University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. 'χεις φτάσει...». Government implies transfer of corresponding resources. Law provides the relative regarding studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where μονάδας. long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and her workshe are characterized byapproach, arevenues passion for justice. See also: ENGLISH DICTIONARY. definition and collecting of local directly from Local Government in 1943 published studies regarding city planning. In COLLINS 1950 sheorganizations. became teacher in the According to another the phenomenon is due to athe systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and and selling real estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of urban web, in Με άλλα λόγια, ηγέτης είναι αυτός που έχει την ικανότητα να long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying 5.edit. Because of their importance, issues of Localher Government Organizations have become 10th Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Αθήνα 16 Μαρτίου 2014 University College of London, where she continued social research. Her public and her work are characterized by a κειμένου passion for justice. Seemanufacturers, also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. long-term informal effort by organized groups, brokers of buying Βλέπετε το υπόλοιπο του στην ηλεκτρονική διεύθυνση της ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α., subject ofof acharacterized series of International Conferences asENGLISH well as regulations Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aand variety ways, inConferences, order tothe achieve the “assisted”, (actually her work byfor aAND passion for justice. See also: COLLINS DICTIONARY. selling real estate, etc., depreciation initially of “voluntary”, part of the urban web, Η inat επηρεάζει κάποιους ανθρώπους να κάνουν κάτι που αυτός θέλει. Κώστας Γκέκας (Φαίδων Ευπειθέας) 10th edit.are Wil. COLLINS SONS Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in τ. 89/2017. 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually μια διαδικασία κοινωνικής επίδρασης κατά την οποία το 24 2521 11 14aaηγεσία Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm varietyείναι of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 232 2521 11 72 2521 11

GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, GENTRIFICATION Αξιολόγηση Προσωπικού Types Intervention, άτομοDefinition, καταφέρνει να εξασφαλίσει τηof βοήθεια άλλων, για να πετύχει Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification κάποιο Definition, στόχο. Ενδεικτικά οι Katzk και Kjahn (1978), αναφέρονται σε Δημοσίων Υπηρεσιών και Οργανισμών Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification τρία βασικά συστατικά της ηγεσίας: α) την απόδοση μιας θέσης, β) τα Concerns χαρακτηριστικά του ατόμουConcerns και γ) την κατηγορία Του μιαςκ. συγκεκριμένης Χρ. ΠΑΝΑΓΗ

διοικητικής συμπεριφοράς. ο όρος ηγεσία είναι υπεράνω της Διοίκησης διοίκησης Μ.Sc. Δημόσ. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS και της διεύθυνσης ενώHarvard ταυτόχρονα όποιος είναι καλός ηγέτης πρέπει Πανεπ. ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS να είναι και καλός διοικητικός καιByκαλός σχολικός ηγέτης. Καθένας από Architect Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Student of the School of Architecture τους όρους δεν μπορεί να λειτουργήσει από μόνος του και να αποδώσει By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Technical University of του Crete Αξιολογικές κρίσεις για Student την αξιολόγηση απόδοσης of the of Architecture αυτό που πρέπει να κάνει και έναςσχόλια σύγχρονος ηγέτης. Ο School ένας όρος πρέπει εργαζομένου και τη συμπεριφορά του μπορεί να κάνει όποιος Universityηγέτης of Crete να 1.λειτουργεί συμπληρωματικά άλλο . Technical Ένας σχολικός Introductory approach: Definingμεtheτον concept συνεργάζεται ή έχει κάποια επαγγελματική σχέση μαζί του και είναι σε Introductory approach: Defining theconcept concept μιας σχολικής μονάδας, για να μπορεί να ανταποκριθεί στις 1.1.Introductory approach: Defining the ANTISTHENIS, the στοιχεία, ancient Greek philosopher, (444να BC τον - 370 BC,ανάγκες Athens), θέση να έχει τόσα ώστε να μπορεί αξιολογήσει, τηςANTISTHENIS, κοινωνίας, θα πρέπει να συνδυάζει όλα αυτά τα 1.σύγχρονης Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, theancient ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC- -370 370BC, BC, Athens), among other wise heritage heDefining left us, he established a να great “principle”: the the Greek philosopher, (444 BC Athens), αντικειμενικά και δίκαια. Οι άνθρωποι που μπορούν αξιολογήσουν τον among other wiseheritage heritage he left us,definition heestablished established agreat great “principle”: the χαρακτηριστικά και τα εφαρμόζει καθημερινά, κυρίως στοAthens), χώρο acquisition of knowledge starts with the of the of concepts. ANTISTHENIS, theνα ancient Greek philosopher, (444 370 BC, among other wise he left us, he acontent the 1BC -“principle”: εργαζόμενο και να δώσουν πληροφορίες γι’ αυτό είναι: acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term εργασίας του, και ανάλογα με την περίπτωση που απαιτούνται. among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the 1 (and urban Based, therefore, onthis this “principle” inaindicated afirst, first, ifof not final, approach, theterm term gentrification) is (in the area of (or gentrification acquisition of knowledge starts withσύγχρονης theindefinition the content ofPlanning) concepts. Πράγματι οι ανάγκες της κοινωνίας απαιτούν από το Based, therefore, on “principle” if not final, approach, the 1 (and urban 1. 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Απαιτεί απ’ αυτόν να έχει όραμα για την σχολική μονάδα, whatever other consequences has, results also rising landprices prices (andthe the Επίσης μπορεί ναgalleries, εισηγηθεί γιαresults την προαγωγή του υφιστάμενου, potential relative speculation). the operation ofconsequences art restaurants, etc.also However this regardless of whatever other has, rising ofof“change”, land (and να καθοδηγεί το διδακτικό έργο και να ασκεί τα διοικητικά του potential relative speculation). μετάθεσή του ή την επιβράβευσή του. Τα αποτελέσματα της αξιολόγησης whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to potential relative speculation). The term gentrification found first the UKinin early 1960s andititareas refers καθήκοντα, να speculation). ασκείof συμβουλευτικό έργο, συμβάλλοντας στην potential relative the then observed trend wealthy people toUK buy property inβελτίωση poor of από τον άμεσο προϊστάμενο είναι καθοριστικά για τη της The term gentrification isisfound atatfirst ininthe early 1960s and refers toto the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers to London, upgrade them, stay sometimes there and thus old residents are ενδυνάμωση της κοινότητας, να επικοινωνεί με όλα τα μέλη του απόδοσης στο τμήμα του και το μέλλον αξιολογουμένου. Οι δύο the then observed trend ofthemselves toτου buy property in poor ofof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy in poor areas of being indirectly “squeezed”. σχολείου και της κοινότητας δημιουργώντας καλές – προϊστάμενος φιλικές σχέσεις, London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are προϋποθέσεις που πρέπει να ισχύουν: η πρώτη, οproperty κάθε να being indirectly “squeezed”. London, upgrade stayτο themselves sometimes and thus old residents are A διαχειρίζεται description ofthem, thisορθά phenomenon is included in there the work of Sociologist Ruth being indirectly “squeezed”. να τα της σχολικής μονάδας εκπαιδεύεται ειδικά για πως οικονομικά να αξιολογεί σωστά και η δεύτερη, η A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth being indirectly “squeezed”. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major A description of this phenomenon isώστε included in the work και of Sociologist Ruth αξιολόγηση να λαμβάνεται υπόψη, να μην αδυνατίζει σε κύρος και συμβάλλοντας ταυτόχρονα στην εφαρμογή προώθηση GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Aindescription ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth cities Western countries, by other Researchers. GLASS at the same while similar in other major εξουσία , έναντι των υφισταμένων του. εκπαιδευτικών προγραμμάτων, καινοτομιών και εντολών που cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more cities in Westernαπό countries, by other Researchers. προέρχονται τις εκπαιδευτικές αρχές.several below, Since then, the issue has preoccupied scholars andthe for various its more cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. comprehensive approach are being summarized Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholarsfrom and for its more 2. Οι συνάδελφοι και οι συνεργάτες comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Ο ηγέτης του σύγχρονου σχολείου καλείται να ανακαλύψει τον Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more interpretations of approach the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: comprehensive are being summarized below, from the various Υπάρχουν περιπτώσεις που η φύση της δουλειάς όπως οι interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: κοινό τόπο του οράματος με τους εκπαιδευτικούς της σχολικής του comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various In a sense, the is due a trend of a new category of social groups interpretations ofphenomenon the phenomenon ofto gentrification, the following: εξωτερικοί πωλητές δεν επιτρέπουν στον άμεσο προϊστάμενο να έχει interpretations of the phenomenon of the following: μονάδας και τους στόχους του σχολείου μεofτους συντελεστές επίτευξής to “return” to the the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: highofcosts in groups money In a sense, phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend a new category social άμεση και συχνή επαφή με τον υφιστάμενό του. Οι συνάδελφοι του όμως and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack ofΣτις the τους (εκπαιδευτικούς, μαθητές, γονείς, τοπική κοινότητα). to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money 1.of The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS was born έχουν πιο πολλές ευκαιρίες να παρατηρούν τη συμπεριφορά του και ταin sense safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, for better and time to travelόπου from the to downtown, where work place is, lack of the περιπτώσεις ο purlieus σχολικός ηγέτης είναι προσκολλημένος σε Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: αποτελέσματα του. Σε αυτές τις περιπτώσεις μερικές επιχειρήσεις ζητούν services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in sense safety atτεχνικές the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better παρωχημένες και studies. δε διαθέτει τα ποιοτικά χαρακτηριστικά τουfor YouthofUnemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements Berlin, where she made her first In 1932 she published an important study entitled: lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. να τηνand κάνουν ίδιοι οι στόχων συνάδελφοι ή και συνεργάτες του studies researcheducation, in οι Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where services health, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) ηγέτη, ηof επίτευξη αυτών δεν είναι εφικτή. Πραγματικός Youth Unemployment. The same των year she left Germany and after continuous movements for in According 1943 she cost published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and αξιολογουμένου. lower living of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research inείναι Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where σχολικός ηγέτης αυτός που μπορεί να μεταδώσει. Ακόμη, η University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another the phenomenon is due a systematic and her work are characterized byapproach, a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. διασαφήνιση των προσδοκιών που διατυπώνονται απ’ το public προσωπικό University College of London, where she continued her social of research. Her and and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially part of the urban web, in long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: her work are characterized by aποιοτική passion forδιεύθυνση justice. See also: ENGLISH DICTIONARY. του σχολείου, οδηγεί σε τηςCOLLINS σχολικής μονάδας. Ενώ Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aand variety of ways, in etc., order tothe achieve the “assisted”, (actually selling real estate, for depreciation initially of “voluntary”, part of the urban web, in 1 Wil. 10th COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 1 edit. Χυτήρης, Λ. Διοίκηση ανθρωπίνων πόρων, Εκδόσεις Interbooks,2001, σ. 29. Βλέπετε το υπόλοιπο του κειμένου στην ηλεκτρονική διεύθυνση της ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α., στην αποτελεσματικότητα της τελευταίας μπορεί να οδηγήσει ο G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 137 2521 11 τ. 76/2014. 21 233 25 11

GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Implementations of Web 2.0 academic libraries GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types ofinIntervention, Intervention,

Definition, of Concerns of Definition, Types of intervention, intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Gentrification By Kiki ZENIOU Concerns Concerns BLISc, MBA | Librarian

The evolution of technology is rapid, within a few years we moved from By George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ATHANASOPOULOS By Mr. Mr. George-Sp. C. Harvard University, Graduate School of Web 1.0 to Web 2.0 and will soon be discussions on Web 3.0.4Student, These Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS changes are found in both the By daily needs of modern societies that Architect Student of the of prospects, the School School of of Architecture Architecture people seek, with knowledge and Student career Technical and the University of Crete Technical University of Crete requirements of users of libraries who do not seem to be met by the 1. approach: Defining the services they provide. The Web 2.0 services and libraries go a step 1. Introductory Introductory approach: Defining the concept concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining theThe concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC BC, Athens), further by creating Library term Library 2.0 was first ANTISTHENIS, thethe ancient Greek2.0. philosopher, (444 BC -- 370 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC --“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great reported by Michael Casey, Ken Chad and Paul Miller in 2005 who tried ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the the other wise heritage he left us, he aa great “principle”: the acquisition of starts with definition of of concepts. among other wise heritage leftthe us, heinestablished established great the toamong implement the services of Web 2.0 libraries. The definition of the acquisition of knowledge knowledge startshe with the definition of the the content content of“principle”: concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in aa first, if not final, approach, the term acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in first, if not final, approach, the term term Library 2.0 was discussed several times yet there is something 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on “principle” in aa first, not final, approach, the gentrification) is (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this this “principle” inindicated first, if ifTo notimprove final, approach, the term term gentrification) is indicated (in the area ofthe Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban definite to determine the precise meaning. services gentrification gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or 1 Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various provided to users by the academic libraries the activefrom participation of Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), ofofsocial groups, usually ofoflow-income and the placement there ofofartists, the librarians isgroups, required. The must understand the potential ways), usually low-income and placement there the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of ways), of social social groups, usually of librarian low-income and the the placement there of artists, artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless ofof the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Web 2.0 services and learn to use those new tools (Twitter, whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). Del.icio.us, Youtube, Blogger, etc.). Web 2.0 tools should be used by the whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is at in in 1960s and it to users, to see whether using these tools canUK provide better services and potential relative speculation). The term gentrification isisfound found atatfirst first ininthe the UK ininearly early 1960s and ititrefers refers toto The term gentrification found first the UK early 1960s and refers the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of Thetheir term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK All in early 1960s and itareas refersin to meet needs in the best possible way. research centres the then observed trend of to buy property in poor of the observed trend of wealthy people to buy in areas of London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents are the then then observed trend of wealthy people to there buy property property in poor poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are general have to examine how Web 2.0 services to improve both the London, upgrade them, themselves sometimes there and thus are being indirectly “squeezed”. London, upgrade them, stay stay sometimes thus old old residents residents are being indirectly services they “squeezed”. provide to themselves their audience andthere the and communication and being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth being indirectly “squeezed”. AAdescription ofofthis phenomenon isisincluded the work of- Sociologist Ruth cooperation within the organization among in employees librarians. IfRuth it this included the work GLASS at the same while similar in other major A description description ofperiod, this phenomenon phenomenon is situations included in inwere the recorded work of of Sociologist Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major isGLASS found that users are similar using situations the 4 Third Network. at the same period, while were recorded major cities in countries, by other Researchers. GLASS at the library same period, while similar situations wereGeneration recorded in in other other major cities ininWestern Western countries, byby other Researchers. cities Western countries, other Researchers. Web 3.0 "is seamless 'anytime, anywhere' business, entertainment and Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various social networking over reliable and several secure below, networks." Since then, the issue fast has preoccupied scholars and19 forinternet its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various for their research rather thanofits printed material, then the library interpretations ofofthe phenomenon gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: should develop the services available onofthe internet toofattract their In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend a new social groups groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money interest. is aleaving website is reasons: createdhigh andcosts enriched by to “return”AtoWiki the city, the whose purlieuscontent for several in money and time to from the to downtown, where place is, lack of the and time to travel travel fromneed the purlieus purlieus tocomputer downtown,skills wheretowork work place is, lack of the users. Users do not special create it. It is a Web 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies town centres, 2.0 tool that libraries to communicate with their users. Because Berlin, where she made hercan firstuse studies. In 1932outside she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Berlin, where she made her first entertainment studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of to health, education, the heart the city”, (possibly) Unemployment. The same entertainment year she left Germany and after of continuous movements itYouth is easy use the library can use itGermany in“at conjunction with the public infor Youth Unemployment. 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The Library 2.0 can use a Wiki to long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. herselling work are characterized byfor a passion for justice. ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and real estate, the depreciation initially of part the urban in .............. promote the intercommunication useSee italso: asWIKIPEDIA: aCOLLINS research guide. Aweb, Wiki 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. or London 2009. The Free Encyclopedia: and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. 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competence of state affairs in their Region, based on Article 101 of current Constitution.3 Η προβληματική τηςofστοιχειοθέτησης τουofισχυρού Abolition of the 13 Regions the Government Decree 6/3/1987. 13 new κλονισμού της έγγαμης σχέσης ως λόγου διαζυγίου Regions come in their place (Organizations of second grade local government) κατά το Κυπριακό of Δίκαιο along with the municipalities (Organizations first grade) as an expression of popular sovereignty, they consist a fundamental institution of the Greek public life, as guaranteed by the provisions of Article 102 of the current Constitution4 and the Της κυρίας Γεωργίας ΜΕΗ By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS 5 European Charter of Local Self-Government. Harvard University, Graduate of Design, Student, Πτυχιούχου Νομικών καιSchool Κοινωνικών Επιστημών Abolition from 1/1/2011 of the Prefecture, Local Government of second grade, By Mr. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS τουGeorge-Sp. Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ Architect , Πάφος as it was provided by Law 1622/1986 (which ultimately was not of implemented Student of the School Architecture Πτυχιούχου Πολιτικής Επιστήμης και Δημόσιας Διοίκησης Technical University of Crete ΒΙΒΛΙΟΓΡΑΦΙΑ (Κατεύθυνσης Διεθνών και Ευρωπαικών Σπουδών) του Εθνικού και Καποδιστριακού Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 3. Article 101 of current Constitution 1975/1986/2001/2008: 1. Introductory Defining theΔίκαιο conceptτης Κωνστ. ΓΕ. approach: Αθανασόπουλος: Το ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444Ευρωπαϊκής BC system. - 370 BC,Ένωσης. Athens), ñ State’s administration is organized according to the decentralized ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), ñ Administrative division of the country is formed on the basis of geo-economic, social and among other wise leftΜελετ. us, he established a great the Νέα Έκδοση. Εκδ.heritage Κέντρο he Επιμ. Έρευν. Ανάπτ. Αθήναι, 2010. 1. Η ΤΡΟΠΟΠΟΙΗΣΗ ΤΟΥ Α.111 ΤΟΥ ΣΥΝΤΑΓΜΑΤΟΣ . transport conditions. amongJ.E other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with ofΑνταγωνιστικές the content concepts. Pfaltzgraff, JR:decisive θεωρίες ñ RegionalDougherty, Institutions of R.L the State generally have competence on issues of their acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term province. Central Government, apart from special cases, has the general1992. direction, coordination Διεθνών Σχέσεων, Βon Τόμος. Εκδόσεις Παπαζήση, Αθήνα Η ΨΗΦΙΣΗ 1995/1989. 1legitimacy therefore, this “principle” inindicated a as first, if (in notby final, approach, the term andBased, control of ofΝΟΜΟΥ the Regional institutions provided law. (andΤΟΥ urban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification Π.Κ. Ιωακειμίδης: Ευρωπαϊκή πολιτική Θεμέλιο, 1 (and urban ñ Common legislator and Administration, when they actένωση. normative, they of arePlanning) obliged to take gentrification gentrification) isarea, indicated (in theΕκδόσεις area (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal from this, (in various into account the special conditions of προκειμένου island and mountainous areas, ensuring their growth. Αθήνα 1995. Η επιτακτική ανάγκη να αντιμετωπιστούν και να Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social Article 101A groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ρυθμιστούν με και εκκλησιαστικούς νόμους κανόνες που ways), of social groups, usually ofόχι low-income and the placement there of artists, Ν. Μαραβέγιας, Μ.restaurants, Τσινισιζέλης: Η ολοκλήρωση τηςοιofΕυρωπαϊκής Where Constitution provides for the establishment and operation an Independent the operation of πολιτειακούς art galleries, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Authority, its Members are appointed for a fixed tenure and they are governed by personal and διέπουν τα οικογενειακά θέματα στην Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία ώστε να the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Ένωσης, Εκδόσεις Θεμέλιο, Αθήνα 1995.also rising of land prices (and the whatever other consequences has, results functional independence, as specified by law. συμβδίζουν με τη διεθνή πραγματικότητα και τις επιταγές της Ευρωπαικής whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential Θ.relative Κουλουμπής: Διεθνείς σχέσεις, Εξουσία και Δικαιοσύνη. 4. Article 102 ofspeculation). the Constitution 1975/1986/2001/2008: potential relative speculation). Ενωσης, αλλά και λόγω της εξέλιξης της The term gentrification is found at first in Government the UKκοινωνίας, in early 1960sοδήγησε and it refers to ñ Administration of local affairs belongs to Local Organizations of first andστην second Εκδόσεις Παπαζήση, Αθήνα 1995. The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople firstτου in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers to grade. επιβαλλόμενη τροποποίηση του Α.111 Συντάγματος με επίκληση του the then observed trend of to buy property in poor of Ν. Μαραβέγιας: Ευρωπαϊκή Δημιουργία, Εξέλιξη, Local Government Organizations thereΈνωση, isto presumption of competence for the 1 theTo then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people buy property in poor areas of δικαίου της ανάγκης. London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and thus old residents are administrationΕκδόσεις of local affaires. Law Αθήνα defines the extend and types of local affairs and the Προοπτικές. Κριτική, 2016. London, upgrade them, themselves sometimes there and old residents are Το Ανώτατο Δικαστήριο μεmay μιαdelegate πρωτοφανή για ταthus χρονικά ενέργεια being indirectly “squeezed”. distribution between eachstay grade. Law to Local Government organizations the Άρθρα εφημερίδας «Καθημερινή» Αθηνών. η being indirectly “squeezed”. exercise of powers that consist state’s mission. τροποποίηση μη του, αποφάσισε να προβεί και να επιτρέψει την 1 A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ñ Local Government Organizations have administrative and financial Their A description ofperiod, this phenomenon isΔιοικητικό included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth Κωνστ. ΓΕ. Αθανασόπουλος: Δίκαιο. Εκδόσεις Κέντρο θεμελιωδών άρθρων του Συντάγματος, στηριζόμενο στο Α.182(3) του GLASS at the same while similar situations recorded inautonomy. other major authorities are elected by universal and secret voting, as provided by law. GLASS at theprovide same while situations were recorded in Ελληνικής otherofmajor Συντάγματος μόνοperiod, την πλειοψηφία 2/3 των της cities Western countries, by othersimilar Researchers. Επιμόρφωσης Μελετών, Έρευνας και Ανάπτυξης, Αθήνα 2014. ñ in Law may με the establishment ofτων compulsory or βουλευτών voluntary associations Local cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Government Organizations for works or provision of services. Theseand associations may be SinceMitrany, then, theThe issue has preoccupied several scholars for its more Κοινότητας. Prospect of Integration: Federation or Functional? administrated by elected bodieshas preoccupied several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue comprehensive approach are being from the(Boston: various Ετσι,exercises τέθηκε σε εφαρμογή ο summarized Ν.95/89. Ο below, Νόμος αυτός επέφερε incomprehensive International Regionalism: Readings, ed.Organizations, Joseph S. which Nye Jr. ñ State supervision over Local Government concerns solely to approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: δραστικές και καινοτόμες αλλαγές στο Οικογενειακό Δίκαιο της Κύπρου. Πιο legitimacy control and it is not allowed to block their initiative and freedom of action. Legitimacy Little, Brown and Company, 1968), p. 5. interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: control is exercised as provided bydue law. to elected bodies of local In a sense, the phenomenon is toDisciplinary a trend of asanctions new of social groups συγκεκριμένα (αναφορικά με το θέμα της εργασίας μας), προβλέπονται πλέον administration, apart from cases involving automaticLiberalism deduction or idleness, are being applied Haas, Ernst B. 1997. Nationalism, and Progress. Vol. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: costs in money στο οι για τους οποίους μπορεί να high εκδοθεί διαζύγιο. only Σύνταγμα with the consent ofλόγοι a Council, consisted at majority of regular judges, as provided by law. 1. The Rise and Decline of Nationalism. Ithaca, NY: work Cornell Univ. Press. and time travel the purlieus to downtown, where place lack of the ñ The to State takesfrom allτο the legislative, regulatory and fiscal measures needed tois, ensure economic Σύμφωνα λοιπόν με Α.111(2)(Β)(β) του Συντάγματος εισάγεται για πρώτη independence and provides the necessary resources for the accomplishment of the tasks and 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in Haas, Ernst B. 2000. Nationalism, Liberalism andΕνώ, Progress. Vol.the sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better φορά ως λόγος διαζυγίου αυτός του «ισχυρού κλονισμού». παράλληλα exercise of competences of Local Government Organizations with ensuring of Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published ansimultaneous important study entitled: services of health, entertainment “atNY: the heart of theΣυντάγματος city”, (possibly) 2.Youth TheUnemployment. Dismal Fate of New Ithaca, Cornell Univ. Press. διατηρούνται ισχύ με Nations. βάση Α.111(2)(Β)(α) transparency inσε theeducation, management of these resources. the relative with the οι and The same year sheτο left GermanyLaw anddefines after του continuous movements for lower living costλόγοι of, “withdrawal” from private easier access to markets, etc.where distribution, among Local Government Organizations taxes or fees, determined in their favour, and studies and in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back toProcesses: London, De research Vree, Johan K .Foundations ofofcar Social and Political παραδοσιακοί διαζυγίου του Καταστατικού Χάρτη της Εκκλησίας της collected by State. Each transferral of competences from state’s central or regional bodies toin Local in 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 she became teacher the According to another approach, the is due to a systematic and Κύπρου. The Dynamics of Human Behaviour, Politics, and Society: Vol. 1, Theory. Government implies transfer of corresponding resources. Lawresearch. providesHer the relative regarding University College of London, where she continued her social public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying definition andcharacterized collecting of local from Local Government her work are by arevenues passiondirectly for justice. See also: COLLINS organizations. ENGLISH DICTIONARY. (Bilthoven, Netherlands: Prime Press, 1982. 5.edit. Because of their importance, issues of Local2009. Government Organizations have become and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 1 subject of a series of Conferences, International Conferences as well as regulations Βλέπετε το υπόλοιπο του κειμένου στην ηλεκτρονική διεύθυνση της ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α., τ.at G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

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ΤΡΕΧΟΥΣΕΣ ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΙΚΕΣ ΓΕΩΠΟΛΙΤΙΚΕΣ GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, ΕΞΕΛΙΞΕΙΣ ΚΑΙ ΕΚΤΙΜΗΣΕΙΣ Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Του κ. Χρήστου Β. ΚΩΤΣΙΑ Concerns Πτυχιούχου Σχολής Βιβλιοθηκονομίας και Επιστήμης της Πληροφόρησης

By George-Sp. C. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ATHANASOPOULOS By Mr. Mr. George-Sp. Βιβλιοθ. Πανεπ. ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος Harvard University, Graduate School Harvard University, Graduate School of of Design, Design, Student, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Η Παγκόσμια Οικονομική Κρίση τουStudent 2008 of λέγεται πωςof the Architecture Student of the School School ofσημάδεψε Architecture University εποχή μας. Όμως αυτή ουδέποτε κατά τηνTechnical άποψή μου τελείωσε. Technical University of of Crete Crete

την Μια δεκαετία αργότερα, εξελίσσεται και καθώς εξελίσσεται μεταβάλει 1. Introductory approach: Defining concept Introductory approach: Defining the theΤον concept τον1.1. κόσμο μας όπως τον γνωρίσαμε. μεταβάλει σε όλα τα επίπεδα. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC BC -- 370 370 BC, BC, Athens), Athens), Σε ANTISTHENIS, οικονομικό-τεχνολογικό, ενεργειακό, γεωπολιτικό, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC --“principle”: 370ισορροπίες BC, Athens), Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the δυνάμεων, συμμαχίες. Ήταν τόσο ισχυρή που έφτασε στο σημείο να among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the γονατίσει την υπερδύναμη, το χρηματοπιστωτικό της σύστημα και σαν acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 11 να Based, on this in aa first, if not final, approach, the αποτέλεσμα ραγίσει το “principle” παγκόσμιοis χρηματοοικονομικό οικοδόμημα. (and urban gentrification) indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Based, therefore, therefore, on this “principle” in first, if not final, approach, the term term (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) gentrification 11 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning)(or gentrification (or Sociology as as of aa city the (in Χρειάστηκαν να“refining” γίνουν τεράστιες ενέσεις thinair σε gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (inχρήματος thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), well), as the the “refining” of cityisarea, area, the removal removal from this, (in various various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various συνεργασία μεταξύ των κυριότερων και μεγαλύτερων Κεντρικών ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of groups, usually of and placement of the operation of galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of ways), of social social groups, usually of low-income low-income and the thethis placement there of artists, artists, Τραπεζών του Πλανήτη προκειμένου σταθεροποιηθεί ηthere κατάσταση the operation of art art galleries, restaurants, etc.να However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of landμηχανικής prices (andπου theof και να ακολουθηθούν τακτικές χρηματοικονομικής whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). ουδέποτε ως τα σήμερα είχαν ξαναχρησιμοποιηθεί. Για την ώρα potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is first the 1960s and potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found found at atνα first in in the UK UK in in early earlyμια 1960s καταστροφή and it it refers refers to to φαίνεται πως ο στόχος αποφευχθεί The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersof the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto ανυπολόγιστων διαστάσεων επετεύχθη, μα άφησε πίσω της πληγές the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there residents τόσες και τόσο βαθιές έχει χαραχτεί στοold being indirectly “squeezed”. London, upgrade them, stayπου themselves sometimesανεξίτηλα there and and thus thus oldπαγκόσμιο residents are are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth γίγνεσθαι και στις μνήμες των ανθρώπων αλλά και στις ζωές τους. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon included the work Ruth GLASS at while situations were recorded in major A Μέσα description ofperiod, this phenomenon isδίνης included in theαναταραχής, work of of Sociologist Sociologist Ruth αυτήν την εποχή τηςis και in της απόνερα GLASS at the theσsame same period, while similar similar situations were recorded in other other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major της οποίας δημιούργησε εξακολουθεί cities in Western countries, byκαι other Researchers.να δημιουργεί η μεγαλύτερη cities in countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issue has scholars and its more cities in Western Western countries, bypreoccupied other ποτέ Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for for its1929, more Οικονομική Κρίση που γνώρισε ο several κόσμος από το Κραχ του Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for its more more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from various Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various θα προσπαθήσουμε να δούμε ένα μέρος των μεταβολών που comprehensive approach are summarized below, from interpretations of phenomenon of the following: comprehensive approach are being being summarized from the the various various interpretations of the the phenomenon of gentrification, gentrification, thebelow, following: συμβαίνουν στο παγκόσμιο γίγνεσθαι. interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In phenomenon is to aa trend of interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In aa sense, sense, the theof phenomenon is due dueof togentrification, trend of of aa new new category of social social groups groups Το παρόν πόνημα πέραν ορισμένων καταγραφών και δεδομένων, to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money money προσπαθεί να from κάνειthe forecastingσε γεωπολιτικό και is, οικονομικό and time purlieus to where lack and time to to travel travel from theένα purlieus to downtown, downtown, where work work place place is, lack of of the the 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born επίπεδο, θα προσπαθήσει να εντρυφήσει στο κυρίως ευρωπαϊκό πεδίο, sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better Berlin, where she her studies. In published an important study entitled: Berlin, where she made made her first firstκαι studies. In 1932 1932 she she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) τις γεωπολιτικές τάσεις οικονομικές πτυχές που δημιουργούνται. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. The she Germany and continuous Youthliving Unemployment. The same same year yearfrom she left left Germany and after after continuous movements for lower cost of, “withdrawal” private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, Σημειολογικά και πρακτικά μιλώντας το forecasting είτε σε οικονομικό lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where in 1943 published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 1950 she became teacher in the to approach, the phenomenon is due aa systematic and in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In sheto became teacher in the According to another another approach, the phenomenon is due to systematic and είτε σε she γεωπολιτικό επίπεδο είναι μια πολύ δύσκολη υπόθεση, καθότι University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying her work are are characterized characterized by a passion passion for for justice. justice. also: υπάρχουν άπειροι by παράγοντες οι See οποίοι ανα ENGLISH πάσαDICTIONARY. στιγμή herselling work a See also: COLLINS COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of of the urban web, in 10th edit. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. και London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: μεταβάλλονται αλληλοεπιδρούν δημιουργούν νέα δεδομένα, τα ........ G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Βλέπετε το υπόλοιπο του κειμένου στην ηλεκτρονική διεύθυνση της ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α., 101 25 11 21 237 2521 11 τ. 92/2018.

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Constitution.3 Abolition of the 13 Regions of the Government Decree of 6/3/1987. 13 new ΤΟ ΣΥΣΤΗΜΑ ΥΓΕΙΑΣ ΤΗΣ ΚΥΠΡΟΥ, Η ΕΝΔΕΧΟΜΕΝΗ Regions come in their place (Organizations of second grade local government) ΜΕΤΑΒΑΣΗ ΤΟΥ ΣΤΟ ΓεΣΥ ΚΑΙ Η ΑΠΕΙΚΟΝΙΣΗ ΤΟΥ ΜΕΣΩof along with the municipalities (Organizations of first grade) as an expression ΦΩΤΟΓΡΑΦΙΚΟΥ popular sovereignty, they consist a fundamentalΥΛΙΚΟΥ institution of the Greek public life, as guaranteed by the provisions of Article 102 of the current Constitution4 and the 5 κ. Ανδρ. Γ. ΧΑΡΑΛΑΜΠΟΥΣ Του European Charter of Local Self-Government. By Mr. George-Sp. M. C. Sc.ATHANASOPOULOS Διοίκ.ofΥπηρ. Υγείας Abolition from 1/1/2011 of the Prefecture, Local Government second grade, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Πανεπιστήμιο ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος as it was provided by Law 1622/1986 (which ultimately was implemented Harvard University, Graduate School of not Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect

Τεχνολ. Νοσοκ. By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student ofC. the SchoolΕργαστηρίου of Architecture Student Technical of the School of Architecture University of Crete 1 Crete Technical University μετάβαση στο ΓεΣΥ και προτεινόμενες λύσειςof 3. Ενδεχόμενη Article 101 of current Constitution 1975/1986/2001/2008:

1.ñIntroductory approach: Defining the concept State’s administration organized according to the decentralized system.από το 1966 Οι μελέτες για τηνisεφαρμογή ενός σχεδίου υγείας άρχισε 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ñ Administrative division of the country is formed on the(444 basisBC of geo-economic, social and ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, - 370 BC, Athens), όταν τότε Υπουργοί Υγείας και Εργασίας και Κοινωνικών Ασφαλίσεων 1. οι Introductory approach: Defining the concept transport conditions. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise leftgenerally us, he established acompetence greatβοήθεια “principle”: ñ Regional thehe State have decisive on issues ofthe their ζήτησαν απόInstitutions το heritage Διεθνές Γραφείο Εργασίας τεχνική για την ANTISTHENIS, theof ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC direction, -“principle”: 370 BC,coordination Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he the among other wise heritage he left us,definition heestablished established agreat great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the of the content of concepts. province. Central Government, apart from special cases, has the a general εφαρμογή ενός σχεδίου υγείας. Αποτέλεσμα ήταν η έκθεση “Report to the among other wise heritage he left us,definition hea first, established acontent great the acquisition of knowledge starts with the the content of“principle”: acquisition knowledge starts with the the ofconcepts. concepts. and control ofof legitimacy the Regional institutions as provided by law. Based, therefore, onofthis “principle” indefinition ifofof not final, approach, the term Government of the Medical care within the framework of the Social Security ñ Common legislator and Administration, when they act normative, they are obliged to take acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. 1 Based, on “principle” approach, the Based,therefore, therefore, onthis this “principle”inis inaindicated afirst, first,ififnot notfinal, final, approach, theterm term (and urban gentrification) (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification intoBased, account the special conditions ofέγινε island and mountainous areas, ensuring their growth. 1 1 Scheme”. Η δεύτερη μελέτη το 1972 από τον ΠΟΥ και είχε τίτλο therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (inthe thearea areaofthis, ofPlanning) Planning) (or (and gentrification) isisarea, indicated (in (or gentrification Sociology well), asurban the “refining” of a city the removal from (in various Article as 101A 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification “Assignment report. Organisation of medical care services in Cyprus”. Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Where Constitution provides for the establishment and operation of an Independent ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists,Η Sociology asMembers well), asare the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Authority, its appointed for a fixed tenure and they are governed by personal and τρίτη έκθεση ολοκληρώθηκε το 1977 από τον καθηγητή Dr Detlev Zoellner ways), social groups, usually oflow-income low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), ofofsocial groups, usually of and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of functional independence, asusually specifiedof bylow-income law. ways), of social groups, and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless και αφορούσε εισήγηση για την εισαγωγή σχεδίου Κοινωνικής Ασφάλισης the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences results also rising of land prices (and theof 4. Article 102 of the Constitution has, 1975/1986/2001/2008: the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this regardless of whatever other consequences has, also–Smith rising of“change”, landprices prices (and the whatever other consequences has, results also rising ofο land the Υγείας. Το 1982speculation). κλήθηκε ο belongs καθηγητής οποίος ñ Administration of local affairs toresults LocalAbel Government Organizations ofολοκλήρωσε first(and and second potential relative whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the grade. potential relative speculation). potential relative τηνThe έκθεση τουspeculation). “Assignment Report. the1960s Proposed general term gentrification is found at first Comments in the UK inon early and it refers to To Local Government Organizations there is presumption of competence for the potential relative speculation). The term gentrification isfound found atfirst first inthe the UKinin early1960s 1960s andititareas refers The term gentrification is at in UK early and refers toto the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor of health scheme of Cyprus” (ΥΥ, 2015). administration of local affaires. Law defines the extend and types of local affairs and the The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in earlythus 1960s and itareas refers to the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of the then observed trend of to buy property in poor of London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and old residents are distribution between each grade. Law may delegate to Local Government organizations the Το 1992 ετοιμάστηκαν οι τέσσερεις τελικές εκθέσεις από ομάδα the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of exercise of powers that consist mission. London, upgrade them, staystate’s themselves sometimes thereand and thusold oldresidents residents are London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes thus are being indirectly “squeezed”. εμπειρογνωμόνων διεθνούς κύρους: Review ofthere Health Care System, Review ñ indirectly Local Government Organizations havesometimes administrative and financial autonomy. Their London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being “squeezed”. A of this phenomenon is included inFinal the work of Sociologist Ruth authorities are elected by universal and secret voting, as provided by law. ofbeing thedescription National Health Insurance Principles, report for a National indirectly “squeezed”. description this phenomenon includedininwere workofofassociations Sociologist Ruth AA ofofthis isofisincluded the work Sociologist Ruth GLASS atmay the provide same period, while similar situations recorded in other ñ description Law thephenomenon establishment compulsory orthe of Local Health Insurance Scheme και Technical report of avoluntary cost estimation. Τοmajor 1996 A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Government Organizations for works or provision of services. These associations may be GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. έγινε νέα μελέτη κοστολόγησης του ΓεΣΥ από were τον καθηγητή Hsiao W. η administrated by same elected bodies GLASS at the period, while similar situations recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, thesupervision issue hasover preoccupied several scholarswhich and concerns for its more ñ State exercises LocalResearchers. Government Organizations, solely to οποία μελέτη υπολόγισε τοpreoccupied κόστος στοseveral 9.2% του ΑΕΠ. and Ηand μελέτη αυτή cities in Western countries, by other Since then,the the has preoccupied several scholars forits its more Since then, issue has scholars for more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various legitimacy control and itissue is not allowed to block their initiative and freedom of action. Legitimacy Since then,ofthe issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for its επικαιροποιήθηκε το 2003 και ταgentrification, ευρήματα της ήταν παρόμοια μεofmore της comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from thevarious various control is exercised as provided by law. Disciplinary sanctions to elected bodies local comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from interpretations the phenomenon of the following: administration, apart from cases involving automatic deduction or idleness, are being applied comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various προηγούμενης. Μετά από μια μακρά περίοδο διαβουλεύσεως με όλους τους interpretations of thephenomenon phenomenon of gentrification, thefollowing: following: interpretations of the of gentrification, the In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups only with the consent of aphenomenon Council, consisted at majority of regular judges, as provided by law. interpretations of the of theΓεΣΥ following: εμπλεκόμενους φορείς το 2001 ψηφίστηκε ο aΠερί Νόμος 89in(Ι)2001 Inñ aThe sense, phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of new category ofcosts groups State takes all the legislative, regulatory andseveral fiscal measures needed tosocial ensure economic to “return” to the the city, leaving the purlieus for reasons: high money independence and provides the necessary resources for the accomplishment of the tasks (Βλέπετε παράρτημα Ι), που ήταν η αρχή για την εισαγωγή του ΓεΣΥ (ΥΥ, to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lackmoney ofand thethe exercise of competences of Local Government Organizations with simultaneous ensuring of and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of thein 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born 2016). sense of safetyin atthe themanagement distributed residencies outside town centres, search with for better transparency of these resources. Law defines the relative the and Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an Ruth important study entitled: 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. GLASS was born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better Το άρθρο του Νόμου πού έχει εφαρμοστεί μέχρι είναι and το distribution, among Local Government Organizations of taxes orheart fees, determined in their favour, services ofμόνο health, education, entertainment “at the of the σήμερα city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. year sheInleft Germany and afteran continuous movements for Berlin, where she Each madeThe hersame first studies. 1932 she published important study entitled: collected by State. transferral of competences from state’s central or regional bodies to Local services health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) lower living cost of,του “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where άρθρο 3of βάσει οποίου το 2003 έγινε διορισμός του Διοικητικό studies and research Geneva, London and Newο York she came back to movements London, Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous for Government implies in transfer of Prague, corresponding resources. Law provides the relative regarding lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.in in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher the studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and Συμβουλίου και συστάθηκε ο Οργανισμός Ασφάλισης Υγείας (ΟΑΥ). Το definition and collecting of local revenues directly from Local Government organizations. University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public and in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and 5. Because of their importance, issues of Local Government Organizations have become long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying 2006 Οίκος Συμβούλων σχεδίασε τον οδικό χάρτη για την εφαρμογή του her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and subject of a series of Conferences, International Conferences as well as regulations at long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in ......................................................................................................................................................... 10th edit.are Wil. COLLINS SONS Co Ltd. LondonSee 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: her work characterized by aAND passion for justice. also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, for depreciation initially of “voluntary”, part of the urban web, in G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm variety of ways, in etc., order tothe achieve the “assisted”, (actually 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 24 14a Gentrification: 1 G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Το κείμενο αποτελεί μέρος εκτενούς εργασίας του Σ. εκπονηθείσης το έτος 2016. 238 2521 11 Βλέπετε το υπόλοιπο του κειμένου στην ηλεκτρονική διεύθυνση της ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α., τ.2521 11 74 92/2018.

GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Definition, Types ofIntervention, intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes ofΘέμα: Gentrification Concerns Ο Ευαγόρας ΠΑΛΛΗΚΑΡΙΔΗΣ διαχρονικό αγωνιστικόConcerns σύμβολο της Νεολαίας

ΠΟΛΙΤΙΣΤΙΚΟΣ ΣΥΛΛΟΓΟΣ «Ευαγόρας ΠΑΛΛΗΚΑΡΙΔΗΣ» ΕΥΑΓΟΡΕΙΑ 2015

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Ευαγόρας ΠΑΛΛΗΚΑΡΙΔΗΣ By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect 26/2/1938 – 14/3/1957 Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Student of the School of Architecture

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Technical University of Crete Student of the School of Architecture Εισηγητής 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Technical University of Crete

Καθηγητής Κων. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek the philosopher, 1. Introductory approach: Defining concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 among other wise heritage he left us, he a great the Παρασκευή 6established Μαρτίου 2015 ANTISTHENIS,Πάφος, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based,other therefore, on this “principle” inhea first, ifofnot approach, the term among wise heritage he leftthe us,definition established a great the acquisition of1knowledge starts with thefinal, content of“principle”: concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification acquisition of1knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term Ο Αθάνατος Εθνικός Ήρωας, gentrification (and urban gentrification) (infinal, thefrom area of Planning) (or Sociology well), asurban the of a city theifremoval (in the various 1 (and Based,astherefore, on“refining” this “principle” inisarea, aindicated first, not approach, term gentrification) is indicated (in the area ofthis, Planning) (or gentrification Ο Αιώνιος Έφηβος, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various 1 ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various ways), of Ποιητής, social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there ofvarious artists, Ο the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this “change”, regardless of whatever other has, results rising of“change”, land prices (and the Ο Εραστής Ελευθερίας, ways), of Ανιδιοτελής social groups, usually ofτης low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential speculation). Οrelative Ωραίος ωςgalleries, Άγγελος Έλλην, the operation ofconsequences art restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the Ευαγόρας ΠΑΛΛΗΚΑΡΙΔΗΣ, υιός του Μιλτιάδη και της potential relative speculation). The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in theto UK in early 1960sinand itφωτεινό refers toof Αφροδίτης ΠΑΛΛΗΚΑΡΙΔΗ, αποτελεί διαχρονικό σύμβολο και the then observed trend wealthy people buy property poor areas London, upgrade them, stayofof themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to the then observed trend wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of μετέωρο, αυταπάρνησης, αυτοθυσίας, ηρωϊσμού και προς την London, upgrade them, stayofthemselves sometimes there andαγάπης thusin old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents are Πατρίδα, πηγή “squeezed”. ακένωτη φωτός, άσβεστη δάδα για τους επιγενομένους being indirectly A description of this phenomenon is included in there the work of Sociologist Ruth London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. και υλικό αναμνήσεων για το μέλλον μας. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in otherRuth major Προσέρχομαι ενώπιόν Σας, Εκλεκτοί Παριστάμενοι, νέες cities Western countries, by other Researchers. Aindescription ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. 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Ruth search GLASS for was born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, and time to travel from thefirst purlieus toIndowntown, where work placeσαρκός is,study lack better ofτου the Berlin, where she made her studies. 1932 she published an important entitled: Διότι ο Ευαγόρας ΠΑΛΛΗΚΑΡΙΔΗΣ, σάρξ εκ της services ofterm health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the search city”,movements (possibly) 1.of The fromsame Sociologist Ruth 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS wasbetter bornfor in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Youth Unemployment. The year she left GLASS, Germany and after continuous υπερηφάνου Λαού της θαλασσοφίλητης Κύπρου, με τις υπέρ Πατρίδος Berlin, where she made her first studies. 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Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying παληούς δρόμους αρχαίων ενδόξων Προγόνων, και επιβεβαίωσε με την in According 1943 studies regarding city planning. In COLLINS 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another the phenomenon is due a systematic and her workshe are published characterized byapproach, a passion for justice. See also: ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of partπρος of the urban web, in University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: μαρτυρική θυσία του το λεχθέν, ότι «Λαός βαδίζων τον long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofθάνατο buying her work are characterized by a Abstract. passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aand variety of ways, in την order tothe achieve the “assisted”, (actually 1 depreciation selling real estate, etc., for initially of “voluntary”, part of the urban web, in άδων, βαδίζει προς ζωή». 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 46 a Gentrification: 2521 11 1 Βλέπετε το υπόλοιπο του κειμένου στην ηλεκτρονική διεύθυνση της 239 2521 11 ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α., τ. 79/2015.

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GENTRIFICATION Types Intervention, TheDefinition, Greek Haircut and theof positions of Investors1 GENTRIFICATION Types Intervention, TheDefinition, Greek Haircut and theof positions of Investors1

Definition, Types ofIntervention, intervention, Concerns of Gentrification GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of By Argyrios BENTENIOTIS Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification at Law, By ArgyriosAttorney BENTENIOTIS Concerns Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification LLM International Concerns Law,M. Sc. Human Resources Management, Attorney at Law, Candidate LLM International Concerns Law,M. Sc. Human ResourcesPhD Management, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS

PhD Candidate*

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS A Collective Action Clause (CAC) leaves C. the supermajority of By By Mr. Mr. George-Sp. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Architect Student, bondholders to conclude toClause a University, debt restructuring, which binds in legal A Collective Action (CAC) leavesof the supermajority of Student the School of Architecture By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Harvard Graduate School of Design, Student, Architect Technical University of Crete terms all theto bondholders if they have not agreed to the bondholders conclude to a even debt restructuring, which binds in legal By Mr. George-Sp. Student ofC. theATHANASSOPOULOS School of Architecture Architect 2 In Student of the School of Architecture Technical University Crete 2012 the Greek Government introduced a retrofit restructuring. terms all the bondholders even if they have not agreed toofCAC the 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Technical University of Crete 2 with a threshold of 75% with the encouragement of International restructuring. In 2012 the Greek Government introduced a retrofit CAC

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Ainpossible description ofissue this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS atthe theresponses same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Since then, the has preoccupied several scholars and for itsLondon more Cyprus” elaborated for the International Law Program of recorded University College GLASS at same period, while similar in major cities countries, by other Researchers. states’ toLLM financial and economic crises. From Argentina toother Greece and Since the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more GLASS atthen, the the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities Western countries, by other Researchers. (UCL). comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various cities ininWestern countries, by other Researchers. Since then, has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Cyprus” elaborated forissue the LLM International Law Program of University College London comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various cities in2 Western countries, by other Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andfor for its more Collective Action Clauses (CAC) http://www.nasdaq.com/investing/ interpretations of the phenomenon ofResearchers. gentrification, the following: Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and its more (UCL). comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various 2 interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from thevarious various glossary/c/collective-action-clause accessed 18 Augustofhttp://www.nasdaq.com/investing/ 2014. In a sense, the is due asummarized trend a new category of social groups comprehensive approach being below, from the Collective Action are Clauses (CAC) interpretations ofphenomenon the phenomenon ofto gentrification, the following: 3 comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: MatinaStevis, ‘2nd UPDATE: Greece To Introduce Retroactive Collective Action to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: glossary/c/collective-action-clause accessed 18 August 2014. In a sense, phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups 3 interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Clauses-Source’, (The Wall Street Journal, 9 January 2012) and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the MatinaStevis, ‘2nd UPDATE: Greece To Introduce Retroactive Collective Action In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups to “return” to city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money accessed 9 August 2014. http://online.wsj.com/article/BT-CO-20120109-710447.html 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better Clauses-Source’, (The Wall Street Journal, 9 January 2012) to “return” the city, the purlieus for several reasons: in money and time4 to to travel fromleaving the purlieus to downtown, where workhigh placecosts is, lack of thein Berlin, where she made her first studies.vs. In 1932 she published an 'Haircut' importantand study entitled: Ioannis Glinavos, ‘Investors Greece: The Greek Investor accessed 9 August 2014. http://online.wsj.com/article/BT-CO-20120109-710447.html services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) 1. The from Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in and time toterm travel from theSociologist purlieus to downtown, where work place is,movements lack of thefor sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for YouthofUnemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous 4 Berlin, where she made her first studies. Inprivate 1932 she published an Ruth important study entitled: accessed 9 Investor August Arbitration Under BIT's’ (2012), http://ssrn.com/abstract=2021137 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. GLASS was born in Ioannis Glinavos, ‘Investors vs. Greece: The Greek 'Haircut' lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from car easier access to markets, etc. sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back toand London, where Youth Unemployment. The same year sheInleft Germany and afteran continuous movements for Berlin, where she made her first studies. 1932 she published important study entitled: 2014. in According 1943 sheUnder published studies regarding city planning. Inheart 1950 shethe teacher in the Arbitration BIT's’ (2012), http://ssrn.com/abstract=2021137 accessed 9 etc. August toof, another approach, the phenomenon is due tobecame acity”, systematic and services of health, education, entertainment “at the of (possibly) lower living cost “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, studies in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to movements London, where 5and research Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous for University CollegeGlinavos, of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and Ioannis ‘Haircut Undone? The Greek Drama and Prospects for 2014. long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher in the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and studies and research in Geneva, Prague, for London andSee New York she came back to London, where her work are characterized by a passion justice. also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 5 Investment Arbitration’, (Journal ofshe International Dispute Settlement, 11 June 2014) University College of London, where continued her social research. Her public and Ioannis Glinavos, ‘Haircut Undone? The Greek Drama and Prospects for in According 1943 published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of urban web, in to another approach, the phenomenon is due athe systematic and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying 10th edit.she Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. accessed 9 http://jids.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2014/06/11/jnlids.idu008.full University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and Investment Arbitration’, (Journal of International Dispute Settlement, 11 June 2014) Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aand variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying selling real estate, etc., forpassion theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.are Wil. COLLINS SONS Ltd. LondonSee 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: her work characterized by aAND for justice. also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. August 2014. accessed 9 http://jids.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2014/06/11/jnlids.idu008.full selling real estate, for depreciation initially of “voluntary”, part of the urban web, in Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm variety of ways, in etc., order tothe achieve the “assisted”, (actually 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 178 aand * 2521 11 August 2014. Βλέπετε το υπόλοιπο του κειμένου στην ηλεκτρονική διεύθυνση της G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 178ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α., τ. 87/2017. 2521 11 240 2521 11

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their holdings of Greek Debt . An example is German investors seeking 7 investors seeking 6. An examplein lawsuits because the debt their holdings of of Greek Debtrestructuring isGreece. German lawsuits because of the debt restructuring in Greece.7 a. Jurisdictional issues TheJurisdictional investigation of jurisdiction is the first step for an investor a. issues seekingThe to rely on the BIT in question. isThe terms investigation of jurisdiction theexamination first step forofanthe investor “investor” take place the BITofand seeking to and rely“investment” on the BIT inmust question. The under examination theArticle terms 25 of ICSID Convention. Thus if the has “investor” and “investment” must takehome place State underof thethe BITinvestor and Article By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS concluded to Convention. a BIT with Greece investor protected entity 25 of ICSID Thus the if the homequalifies State ofasthe investor has Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, 8. The Student, second and as well Article 25 the ofBythe ICSID Convention concluded to aunder BIT with Greece investor qualifies as protected entity Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect 8. The question regarding existence an “investment” case-bysecond and as well under the Article 25 ofofthe ICSID Convention Student of therequires School ofaArchitecture case examination to investigate whether bonds qualify as question regarding in theorder existence of an “investment” requires a case-byTechnical University of Crete 9 could throw to this investments. The Abaclat case whether case examination in orderv Argentina to investigate bondslight qualify as 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 9acould question. Before the examination of the case definition for bonds must throw light to this investments. The Abaclat v Argentina 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), the ancient Greek be ANTISTHENIS, given.Before Bonds are “country debtcase instruments acknowledging question. the examination ofphilosopher, the a definition for bonds must ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great indebtness and promising repayment of principal and interest on the an be given. Bonds are “country debt instruments acknowledging among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge starts10 with of the content concepts. the earlier advance of money.” indebtness and promising repayment principal and interest onterm an acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a of first, if of not final, approach, the 10 1 The Abaclat v Argentina includes a dispute for whether the earlier advance of money.” Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated gentrification thefrom area of Planning) (or treaty in question (Argentina-Italy BIT )(in covered bonds as The Abaclat Argentina a 11 dispute for this, whether the Sociology as well), as thev“refining” of aincludes city area, the removal (in various 11 Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various investments. The tribunal held that security entitlements arising from treaty in question (Argentina-Italy BIT ) covered bonds as ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and entitlements thethis placement there of from artists, the operation ofThe art galleries, restaurants, However “change”, regardless of investments. tribunal held thatetc. security arising

GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

6 other the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, However regardless whatever has,(n results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof Glinavos, ‘Investors vs. Greece’ 4). etc.also 7 whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential6Glinavos, relative speculation). James Wilson and vs. GerritWiesmann, ‘Investors Greece’ (n 4). ‘Germans seek lawsuits over Greek debt potential relative speculation). 7 The(Financial term gentrification is found first in‘Germans the UK seek in early 1960sover and Greek it refers to swap’, Times, 12 2012)athttp://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/79ed422c-6c67James Wilson andMarch GerritWiesmann, lawsuits debt The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of 11e1-bd0c-00144feab49a.html#axzz3BEk0lKuy accessed 9August 2014. swap’, (Financial Times, 12 March 2012) http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/79ed422c-6c678 the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are Convention on the Settlement of Investment Disputes between States and 11e1-bd0c-00144feab49a.html#axzz3BEk0lKuy accessed 9August 2014. 8 of London, upgrade them, staySettlement themselves there andentered thus oldinto residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Nationals Other States (opened for signature 18 March 1965, forceand 14 Convention on the ofsometimes Investment Disputes between States being indirectly “squeezed”. October 1966) (‘ICSID Convention’) available https://icsid.worldbank.org/ A description this phenomenon is included inatthe1965, workentered of Sociologist Ruth Nationals of Other of States (opened for signature 18 March into force 14 A description ofperiod, this phenomenon isavailable included accessed in thehttps://icsid.worldbank.org/ work of Sociologist Ruth ICSID/StaticFiles/basicdoc_en-archive/ICSID_English.pdf at 9 August 2014. major GLASS at1966) the same while similar situations were recorded in other October (‘ICSID Convention’) at 9 at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS Abaclat et al v Argentina (ICSID Case no ARB/07/5, Decision on Jurisdiction cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. ICSID/StaticFiles/basicdoc_en-archive/ICSID_English.pdf accessed at 9 August 2014. and cities in9Abaclat Western bypreoccupied other Admissibility, 4 countries, 2011)Researchers. <https://icsid.worldbank.org/ICSID/ Since then, the scholars for its more et alissue v August Argentina (ICSID Case at noseveral ARB/07/5, Decision and on Jurisdiction and * has Since then,4the issue scholars andthe for various its more FrontServlet?requestType=CasesRH&actionVal=showDoc&docId=DC3130_En&caseId=C95 comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from Admissibility, Augusthas 2011) at several <https://icsid.worldbank.org/ICSID/ approach areAmbiente being summarized from(ICSID the Case various >comprehensive accessed 17 August 2014; see also Ufficio SpA et v Argentina no interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thealbelow, following: FrontServlet?requestType=CasesRH&actionVal=showDoc&docId=DC3130_En&caseId=C95 interpretations of the phenomenon on also Jurisdiction and 8 February 2013) >No. accessed 17 August 2014; see UfficioAdmissibility, etthe alcategory vfollowing: Argentina no InARB/08/9, a sense, theDecision phenomenon is Ambiente dueof togentrification, a trend ofSpA a new of (ICSID social Case groups athttps://icsid.worldbank.org/ICSID/FrontServlet?requestType=CasesRH&actionVal=show No. ARB/08/9, Decision on Jurisdiction and Admissibility, 8 February 2013) to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Doc&docId=DC2992_En&caseId=C340 August 2014.work place is, lack of the athttps://icsid.worldbank.org/ICSID/FrontServlet?requestType=CasesRH&actionVal=show and time10to travel from the purlieusaccessed17 to downtown, where M Waibel ‘Opening Pandora’s Box: Sovereign Bonds in International 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in Doc&docId=DC2992_En&caseId=C340 accessed17 Augusttown 2014.centres, sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside for 10 (2007) Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Arbitration’ 101 The American Journal of International Law 711, 719. Waibel ‘Openingentertainment Pandora’s Box: Bonds in International services ofMhealth, education, “atSovereign the heart of the city”, (possibly)for 11 Youth Unemployment. The samethe year she left Germany and continuous Agreement between Argentine Republic andafter the Republic ofmovements Italy etc. on the Arbitration’ (2007) 101 The American Journal of International Law 711, 719. lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, studies 11 and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where Promotion and Protection of Investments, signed on 22 May 1990, entered into force 14 Agreement between the Argentine Republic and Republic of teacher Italy onin the in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 she the to another approach, the isthe due tobecame a systematic and October 2004 (Argentina-Italy BIT) at <http://www.sice.oas.org/Investment/ University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and Promotion and Protection Investments, onmanufacturers, 22 May 1990, entered into 14 long-term informal effortofby organizedsigned groups, brokers offorce buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. BITSbyCountry/BITs/ARG_Italy.pdf> accessed 17 2014. October 2004 (Argentina-Italy BIT) at August <http://www.sice.oas.org/Investment/ and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: BITSbyCountry/BITs/ARG_Italy.pdf> accessed 17 August 2014. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

11 *Αναδημοσιεύεται από το τ. 10/1997. Αναζητήστε το υπόλοιπο του κειμένου στην 2521241 ηλεκτρονική διεύθυνση της ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ Concerns ΠΡΟΣΚΛΗΣΕΙΣ ΔΙΕΘΝΩΝ ΟΡΓΑΝΙΣΜΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΞΕΝΩΝ ΚΥΒΕΡΝΗΣΕΩΝ ΑΝΑΤΕΘΕΙΣΕΣ ΔΙΕΘΝΕΙΣ ΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΟΝΙΚΕΣ ΔΡΑΣΤΗΡΙΟΤΗΤΕΣ ΑΛΛΕΣ ΔΡΑΣΤΗΡΙΟΤΗΤΕΣ

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Υποτροφίες By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect  Βελγικής Κυβέρνησης, Βρυξέλλες, 1990. Student of the School of Architecture  Γαλλικής Κυβέρνησης, Παρίσι, Sceaux 1986, 1987, 1988. Technical University of Crete

 Ιδρυμα ΩΝΑΣΗ, Κράτη Μέλη Ε.Ε., 1988, 1989. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept  Παντείου Πανεπιστημίου Κ.Π.Ε., Γαλλία, 1987. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher,  Ιδρυμα Κρατικών Υποτροφιών, 1974. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among wiseCultural heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the  other American Institute, 1960. among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Προσκλήσεις Διεθνών Οντοτήτων 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1.  Ευρωπαϊκής Βρυξέλλες, 2019 1 (and Ένωσης, gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various  Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, Βρυξέλλες, 2018. Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists,  Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, Βρυξέλλες, 2017. and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of  Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, Βρυξέλλες, 2016. the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof  Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, Βρυξέλλες, 2015.also rising of land prices (and the whatever other consequences has, results potential relative speculation).  Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, Βρυξέλλες, 2014. potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to  Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, Βρυξέλλες, 2013. The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor  Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, Βρυξέλλες, 2012. the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof  Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, Βρυξέλλες, sometimes 2011. London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. indirectly Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, Βρυξέλλες, 2010. in the work of Sociologist Ruth being “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included  Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, Βρυξέλλες, 2009. A description of this phenomenon is included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations in other major  Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, Βρυξέλλες, 2008. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. inΕυρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, 2007. cities Western countries, byΒρυξέλλες, other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more  Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, Βρυξέλλες, 2006. comprehensive approach are being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various  Ευρωπαϊκής Βρυξέλλες, 2005. interpretations of theΈνωσης, phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, Βρυξέλλες, In asense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a2004. trend of a new of social groups  Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, Βρυξέλλες, 2003. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money  Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, Βρυξέλλες, 2002. where work place is, lack of the and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in  Διεθνών Παρίσιοι, 2002. sense of safety at Οργανισμών, the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, Βρυξέλλες, 2001. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for  Διεθνών Οργανισμών, Παρίσιοι, 2001. lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and  Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, Βρυξέλλες, 2000. University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 1 Υπό την ιδιότητα του Καθηγητού Ε.Κ.Π.Α. και ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος, οι προσκλήσεις περίοδου G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

242

2011 - 2019.

2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

 Διεθνών Οργανισμών, Παρίσιοι, 1999.  Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, Βρυξέλλες, 1999.  Διεθνών Οργανισμών, Παρίσιοι, 1999.  Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, Aarchus (Δανία), 1999.  Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, Βρυξέλλες, 1998.  Διεθνών Οργανισμών, Παρίσιοι, 1998.  Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, Βρυξέλλες, 1997. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS  Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, Βρυξέλλες, 1996. Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,  Κυβέρνηση Κυπριακής Δημοκρατίας, Λευκωσία, 1996. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect  Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, Βρυξέλλες, 1995.Student of the School of Architecture  Πανεπιστημίου Σόφιας, 1995. Technical University of Crete  Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, Βρυξέλλες, 1994. 1. Introductory Defining the concept  Συμβουλίουapproach: της Ε.Ε., Βρυξέλλες, 1994. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept  Διακρατικού the Προγράμματος Ελλάδος, Βελγίου,(444 Βρυξέλλες, 1994. ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage left us, he established a great the Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης,he Oporto, Πορτογαλίας, 1994. among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the  Διακρατικού Προγράμματος Ελλάδος, Βελγίου, Βρυξέλλες, 1993. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a Εσωτερικών first, if of not final, approach, the term  Γαλλικής Κυβέρνησης, Υπουργείο Υποθέσεων, Παρίσιοι, 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1993. 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various  Προγράμματος ERASMUS, Μεγάλη Βρετανία, 1993. Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, removal fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), social groups, usually of low-income andthe the placement ofΚινεζικής Κυβέρνησης, Υπουργείο Παιδείας Κίνας, (Πεκίνο, 1992). ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. Ελλάδος, However Φλωρεντία, this “change”, regardless of  Διακρατικού Προγράμματος Ιταλίας, 1992. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has,Βελγίου, results also rising of land prices  Διακρατικού Προγράμματος Ελλάδος, Βρυξέλλες, 1992. (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative  Προγράμματος ERASMUS, has, Λονδίνο, 1991. potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is foundΒρυξέλλες, at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Προγράμματος ERASMUS, 1990. The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960spoor and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property  Βελγικής Κυβέρνησης (Commis. Gén. Des Relat. Intern. deinCom. Française, the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof U.L.B.), 1990. Y. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”.  Κυβέρνησης Zimbaboue, Harare, 1989. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of thisERASMUS, phenomenon is included in 1988. the work of Sociologist Ruth  Προγράμματος DATAR, Παρίσιοι, A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar other major  Ιδρύματος Α. Σ. ΩΝΑΣΗ, Στοκχόλμη Σουηδίας, Ελσίνκιin Φινλανδίας, GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western Παρίσιοι, 1988. Υ.countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars for its more  Γαλλικής Κυβέρνησης, I.I.A.P., Παρίσιοι, 1986, 1987. Υ. and Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from  Π.Α.Σ.Π.Ε., Παρίσιοι, 1986, 1987. Υ.summarized below, from thevarious comprehensive approach are being various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following:  Προγράμματος ERASMUS, Παρίσιοι, 1985. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In asense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Ε.Ο.Κ., Ρώμη, 1984. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Αναθέσεις εκπόνησης Μελετών υπό 1912-1940. της Ακαδημίας Αθηνών επί termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, θεμάτων Δημόσιας Διοίκησης Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) YouthUnemployment. The same Υπεύθυνος. year she left Germany and after continuous movements for 2009, Επιστημονικός lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London,  1999, Συντονιστής. in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying Επιστημονικός εκπόνησης Μελετών her work are characterizedΥπεύθυνος by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ΕχειWil. επιλεγεί Επιστημονικός Υπεύθυνος υπό των Οικείων Υπουργείων G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually για την εκπόνηση μελετών επί διαφόρων θεμάτων:

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

 Υπουργείο Εργασίας, Αθήναι 2008.  Υπουργείο Εθνικής Οικονομίας, Αθήναι 2001.  Υπουργείο Εσωτερικών, Αθήναι 1994.  Υπουργείο Εξωτερικών Ελλάδος, Ε.Ε., Κυβέρνηση Ζιμπάμπουε, Συντονιστής, 1998.  Υπουργείο Εργασίας, Ο.Α.Ε.Δ., Αθήναι 1993.  Κέντρο Επιστημονικού Προγραμματισμού καιATHANASOPOULOS Ερευνών, Μέλος, By Mr. George-Sp. C. Αθήναι 1982, 1986. Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect

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Άρθρα επιλεγέντα κατά το σύστημα κριτών και δημοσιευθέντα Student of the School of Architecture σε Τιμητικούς Τόμους Technical University of Crete  Επιστημονική Επετηρίς / Τιμ. Τόμ. Εις Μνήμην Καθηγητού Γ. 1. Introductory approach: DefiningΚ.Π.Ε., the concept ΚΑΨΟΥΣΗ, Πάντειον Πανεπιστήμιον Αθήναι 2016. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, theΕπετηρίς ancient Greek philosopher,  Επιστημονική / Τιμ. Τόμ. Καθηγητού Π. ΓΕΜΠΤΟΥ, Ε.Κ.Π.Α., ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other he left us, he established(444 a great the Αθήναι 2015. wise heritage among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts.  Επιστημονική Επετηρίς / Τιμ. Τόμ. Καθηγητού Ν. ΚΟΝΣΟΛΑ, Πάντειον acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term Πανεπιστήμιον Κ.Π.Ε. Κοιν. και Πολιτ. Επιστημών, Αθήναι 2005. 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification  Επιστημονική Επετηρίς Ινστ. Περιφ. Ανάπτ. Η αναπτυξιακή οργάνωση 1 (and urban gentrification gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various στον Χώρο. Αθήναι, Πάντειον Πανεπιστήμιον Κοιν. και Πολιτ. Επιστημών, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of2004. social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Αθήναι ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of  Universite de Tours,restaurants, CESA - etc. France: La this protection deregardless capitauxof the operation of art galleries, However “change”, whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the etrangers en Grece. Tours, 1992. has, results also rising of land prices (and the whatever other consequences potential relative speculation).  Ε.Ε.ΕΤ.Α.Α.: Νομικά Θέματα Αυτοδιοίκησης: Το καθεστώς potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to δανειοδότησης των Ο.Τ.Α. Αθήναι The term gentrification iswealthy found1990. atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor  Χαριστήριον Γ. Μ. ΠΑΠΑΧΑΤΖΗ: Η έννοια τηςproperty Δημόσιας the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy in Επιχείρησης. poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof Αθήναι 1990, Κοινή έκδοση Αθηνών. London, upgrade them, stay Πανεπιστημίων themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. indirectly Μελέτη “squeezed”. αξιολόγησης και isαναπροσαρμογής του Προγράμματος being A description of this phenomenon included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Ruth χωροθέτησης και ανάπτυξης ΒΙ.ΠΕ. Έκδοση ΚΕΠΕ. Αθήναι 1982, 1986. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recordedSociologist in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major  Λήμματα σε μεγάλη Εγκυκλοπαίδεια για θέματα περιφερειακής cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. ανάπτυξης αναπτυξιακών κινήτρων κ.λ., Αθήναι 1989. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has scholars andthe for its more  Πάντειος approach Α.Σ.Π.Ε. Τιμητικός τόμος ειςseveral Μνήμην Καθηγητού / Πρύτανη comprehensive arepreoccupied being summarized below, from various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, following:Αθήναι 1985. Παντείου Π.Κ.Π.Ε Ιερών. Δ. Πίντου,ofθέμα: Ιδιωτικές the επενδύσεις, interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Γνωμοδοτήσεις επί διαφόρων θεμάτων τη αιτήσει Συλλογικών to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Οντοτήτων και Ιδιωτών (κυριώτερες) and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruthαιτήσει GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS for was born The Σύνταξη γνωμοδότησης τη Ελλήνων Υπηκόων για τοin sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search better Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education,Ανθρωπίνων entertainmentΔικαιωμάτων, “at the heart of Στρασβούργο, the city”, (possibly) Ευρωπαϊκό Δικαστήριο επί Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. κρισίμου νομικού ζητήματος παράβασης από το Δικαστήριο διάταξης του studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she2018. teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon isτου, due tobecame a systematic and Εσωτερικού Κανονισμού Λειτουργίας του υπαιτιότητί University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying  Γνωμοδότηση θέματος εισαγωγής ξένωνENGLISH κεφαλαίων στην her work are characterizedεπί by a του passion for justice. See also: COLLINS DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in Ελλάδα, Αθήναι, 1998. 10th edit.Λονδίνο, Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

 Γνωμοδότηση επί θεμάτων Εργαστηρίων Ελευθέρων Σπουδών, Αθήναι, 1985.  Γνωμοδότηση επί του θέματος ελευθέρων, επιτρεπόμενων, δεσμευμένων, απαγορευμένων και αποκλειστικών αναδημοσιεύσεων, Αθήναι, 1982.

Διαλέξεις σε άλλα Πανεπιστήμια (κυριώτερες) By Mr. C. ATHANASOPOULOS  U.d, P, II, Ministere de l’ Interieur deGeorge-Sp. France - U.C.M.G.: Διαλέξεις με θέμα: Harvard University, Graduate School Design, Student, Οι Περιφερειακές και Τοπικές Δομές στις Χώρες - Μέλη των Ε.Κ.ofParis, 1993. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect  Πανεπιστήμιο Helsinki, Οικονομική Σχολή: Διάλεξη - συζήτηση με Student of the School of Architecture Φοιτητές των Οικονομικών Σχολών, ύστερα από πρόσκληση του Συλλόγου τους Technical University of Crete (σε συνεργασία με την εκεί Ελληνική Πρεσβεία) για θέματα Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης και Αποκέντρωσης στην Ελλάδα, Helsinki, Νοέμβριος, 1988. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 I.I.A.P. Enterprises Publiques et Developement: LesBC Enterprises ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, - 370 BC,Publiques Athens), en Grece, Paris, 1987. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great-“principle”: the  I.I.A.P. S.P.: heritage Administration Locale Comparee: Les of plus recentes among other wise leftthe us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with definition of the content concepts. reglementations legislatives intervenues dans le domaine des Collectivites Locales acquisition of knowledge starts with thein definition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term en Grece, la creation is deindicated Locales Deuxieme 1 (and urban Based,Particulierement therefore, on this “principle” in aCollectivites first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of de Planning) (or gentrification 1 Echelon. gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various  I.I.A.P. S.P.: Investissements Exterieurs prives dans les pays en Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, developement: et protection des etrangers enofGrece. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andcapitaux thethis placement there artists, the operation ofInvestisemment art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of Paris, 1987. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof  Universite de Paris, II, D.E.A.: et Civilisation: Financement whatever otherspeculation). consequences has,Developement results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative du Developement, Paris, 1986. Τμήμα της ανακοίνωσης αποτέλεσε το υλικό potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refersγια to από The κοινού δημοσιεύσεις isμε τονatΚαθηγητή J. Pin Courtheux, Βλ. itσχετικά term gentrification found first in the UK early 1960s and refersofto the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas δημοσιεύματα της Revue D’ Economie Urbaine, Paris, N. 5, p.of the then observed trend wealthy Regionale people toetthere buy property in 1987, poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are 709 718 και της Revue D’ Economie Financiere, Paris, 1988, n. V1. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included the work of Sociologist Ruth Μέλος Εκλεκτορικών Σωμάτων άλλωνin Πανεπιστήμιων A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in otherΔΕΠ major Έχει προσκληθεί και έχει μετάσχει σε διαδικασίες recorded εκλογής Μελών σε GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. διάφορα Τμήματα του Πανεπιστημίου Νεάπολις, Πάφος καθώς και σε άλλα cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then,όπως: the issue has several scholars and for its more Πανεπιστήμια, Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from  Τμήμα Οικονομικής και Περιφερειακής below, Ανάπτυξης, Πάντειον comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations theκαι phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Πανεπιστήμιον of Κοιν. Πολ. Επιστημών. interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: In asense, phenomenon is dueof togentrification, aΠ.Κ.Π.Ε. trend of a new of social groups Τμήμαthe Κοινωνιολογίας Παντείου to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus forΠ.Κ.Π.Ε. several reasons: high costs in money  Τμήμα Δημόσιας Διοίκησης Παντείου and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the  Χαροκόπειο Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών. The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Γεωπονικό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών. Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) YouthUnemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Πανεπιστήμιο Μακεδονίας, Θεσσαλονίκη. lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car access markets, etc.where studies research inΠανεπιστήμιο Geneva, Prague,Θράκης, London and Neweasier York she came to back to London,  and Δημοκρίτειο Κομοτηνή. in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and  Πανεπιστήμιο Στερεάς Ελλάδος, Λιβαδειά. University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY.  Πανεπιστήμιο Αιγαίου, (Μυτιλήνη). and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia:  Πανεπιστήμιο Πατρών, Οικονομικό Τμήμα, κ.ά. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ΜΙΧ. ΣΤΑΣΙΝΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement Πρόεδρος της Ελληνικής Δημοκρατίας, Πρόεδροςand τουthe Συμβουλίου Επικρατείας της ways), of social groups, usually of low-income placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Ελλάδος, Καθηγητής Παντείου Ανωτάτης Σχολής Πολιτικών και Κοινωνικών Επιστημών, the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has,Αθήναι. results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative ΕΥΓΝΩΜΩΝ potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at firstΑΝΑΓΡΑΦΗ in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to the then Σε χαλεπές περιόδους της ζωήςatτου Υπευθύνου ανά χείρας The term gentrification found firstΕπιστημονικού in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto observed trend ofiswealthy people to buy property in της poor έκδοσης συνεπικουρούμενος υπόwealthy του Αντιπροέδρου Συμβουλίου Επικρατείας the then observed trend people toτου buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus της old residents areof London, upgrade them, stayΑνωτάτης themselves sometimes there thus old Επιστημών, residents are και Πρυτάνεως της Παντείου Σχολής Πολιτικών καιand Κοινωνικών being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. Αθήναι, Γ. Μ. ΠΑΠΑΧΑΤΖΗ υπεστήριξεisενθέρμως ανιδιοτελώς επιστημονικές A description of this phenomenon includedκαι in όλως the work of Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth δραστηριότητές του… were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Δεξίωση του Προέδρου της Ελληνικής Δημοκρατίας Κωνστ. ΚΑΡΑΜΑΝΛΗ προς τιμήν Καθηγητών Πανεπιστημίου. Εξ αριστερών πρώτος ο Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. 2521247 11 ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ.

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and Ιερά Μητρόπολη Αθηνών. Ομιλία τουof Καθηγητή Κων. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ για gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” a cityisarea, theΓΕ. removal (in various την Ημέρα των Ενόπλων Δυνάμεων, 21 Νοεμβρίου. Αριστερά η Στρατιωτική Ηγεσία και Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, δεξιά ο of τ. Πρόεδρος Δημοκρατίας Χρ. ΣΑΡΤΖΕΤΑΚΗΣ και η Πολιτική Ηγεσία τηςof the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless Χώρας. whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Ιερά Μητρόπολη Αθηνών, Ομιλία Κων. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 248 2521 11 επί τη λήξει του Β΄ Παγκοσμίου Πολέμου, 8 Μαΐου 1945.

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof *Αναδημοσίευση εκ της ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α. whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and ΟUniversity Πρόεδρος της Δημοκρατίας Κωνστ. υποδέχεται Στελέχη College of London, where she ΣΤΕΦΑΝΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ continued her social research. Her public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by aαντίστοιχης passion for justice. See also: COLLINSΈνωσης, ENGLISHτα DICTIONARY. Δημοσίων Σχέσεων Μέλη της Ελληνικής και Διεθνούς οποία and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: αφιλοκερδώς και αδαπάνως προέβαλαν δραστηριότητες της Ελληνικής Προεδρίας. Σε G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually πρώτο πλάνο στο δεξιό άκρο συνομιλών με τον Πρόεδρο ο Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. 250 2521 11 ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ.

Αριστερά ο Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ και τρίτος εξ αριστερών ο Πρόεδρος της Ελληνικής Δημοκρατίας Καρ. ΠΑΠΟΥΛΙΑΣ

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a great acquisition ofτης knowledge startshe with the content of“principle”: concepts. Στελέχη πρώτης Σχολής Δημοσιογραφίας τηςofΕλλάδος επισκέπτονται τον the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, this “principle” aοfirst, if of not final, approach, the term Πρωθυπουργό Παν.on ΚΑΝΕΛΛΟΠΟΥΛΟ, οποίος ενέκρινε την λειτουργία της, 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Φεβρουάριος 11967. Δεξιά του Πρωθυπουργού ο Διευθυντής της Σχολής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), asΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ the “refining” of a cityμόλις the removal from this, (in various διακρινόμενος. Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Encyclopedia: Η Ελληνίδα ΕπίτροποςSONS Άννα AND ΔΙΑΜΑΝΤΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ συζητά με τον τ.Free Καθηγητή της G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Κωνσταντίνο ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟ πριν από την ομιλία της σε Έλληνες Επιστήμονες και 256 Φοιτητές Πανεπιστημίων σε Ημερίδα οργανωθείσα από τον Καθηγητή στις Βρυξέλλες2521 11 έπειτα από σχετική πρόσκληση της Επιτροπής.

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Κος Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, Καθηγητής ΠΑΝΤΕΙΟΥ Πανεπιστημίου, Καθηγητής επί Οικονομικών Θεμάτων.

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Βρυξέλλες, Μόνιμη Ελληνική της Ελλάδος Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση,the Γραφείο 1 (and Based, therefore, on Αντιπροσωπεία this “principle” inindicated a first, ifστην notthe final, approach, term urban gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Τύπου και Επικ.. Ενημερωτικές Ημερίδες για νέους Έλληνες Επιστήμονες και Φοιτητές. gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Ανώτατο Στέλεχος της Υπηρεσίας (αριστερά). Τρίτος δεξιάthe ο οργανωτής της δράσης Καθηγητής Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Κώνστ. ΓΕ. ways), of social groups, usually ofΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ. low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. ................................. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Στην η κυρία Ντόρα ΜΠΑΚΟΓΙΑΝΝΗ termat comes from Sociologist Ruthφωτογραφία GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: *** services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. The same year she leftΔιοικητικό Germany and after continuous Στο Συμβούλιο του Κέντρου μετέχουν: lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where η studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, Πρόεδρος κυρία Αναστασία ΠΙΝΤΟΥ, οι Καθηγητές in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Νίκος ΚΟΝΣΟΛΑΣ, Πρόεδρος τουofΙνστιτούτου, University informal College of London, where sheκ. continued her social research. Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers buying her work are characterized by a passion forκ.justice. also: COLLINS ENGLISH η DICTIONARY. Κωνστ.See ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, Δρweb, Μερόπη and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: Free Encyclopedia: ΒΙΟΛΑΚΗ-ΠΑΡΑΣΚΕΥΑ καιThe οι Καθηγητές κ. Σωτήρης G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually ΑΓΑΠΗΤΙΔΗΣ και κ. ΚΑΛΟΓΕΡΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ-ΣΤΡΑΤΗΣ. 259 2521 11

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Αθήνα, Επίδοση υπό Ανωτάτων Στελεχών Ελλήνων και εκ Βρυξελλών Βεβαιώσεων the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, this “principle” a first, not final, approach, the term Συμμετοχής σε1 ΈλληνεςonΕπιστήμονες και Φοιτητές σε ifσειρά Επιστημονικών Ημερίδων Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification στις Βρυξέλλες των1 οποίων Επιστημονική Υπεύθυνη είχε ορισθεί υπό τον Οικείων Οργάνων gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various της Ε.Ε., τουasΟ.Τ.Α.Ν., του “refining” Γραφείου της Εκκλησίας της Ελλάδος και άλλων Νομικών Sociology well), as the of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Οντοτήτων Καθηγήτρια Μ.Ε. Βασ.of Δ. low-income ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ αριστερά ο Ομότιμος Καθηγητής ways), ofηsocial groups, usually and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of ΕΚΠΑ Γ. ΤΡΟΥΠΗΣ. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work areτιμήν characterized by a passion for justice. also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Δεξίωση προς συμμετασχόντων Φοιτητών σε See Επιστημονικές Ημερίδες στις Βρυξέλλες, and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: οργανωθείσες υπό του Καθηγητού Κωνσταντ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ, Αθήναι, G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Ξενοδοχείο Μ. Βρεταννία. Επίδοση Βεβαιώσεων Συμμετοχής υπό διακεκριμμένων 260 Προσωπικοτήτων. Αριστερά ο Καθηγητής και δεξιά η κυρία Λ. Δ., Ανώτατο Στέλεχος2521 11 Αεροπορικής Εταιρείας.

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Εκδήλωση επίδοσης Βεβαιώσεων Συμμετοχής σε Έλληνες Επιστήμονες μετέχοντες σε Επιστημονικές Ημερίδες στις Βρυξέλλες. (Επιστημονική Υπεύθυνη η Μ. Ε. Καθηγήτρια Β. ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ). Εκ δεξιών προς αριστερά: ο Ομότιμος Καθηγητής Ιατρικής Ε.Κ.Π.Α. Γεώργ. ΤΡΟΥΠΗΣ, ο Καθηγητής και Κοσμήτωρ Ιονίου Πανεπιστημίου Ιωσήφ ΠΑΠΑΔΑΤΟΣ, ο ομιλών Καθηγητής Πανεπιστημίων Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ και ο Καθηγητής Ιατρικής Σχολής Ιατρικής Ε.Κ.Π.Α. Θεόδ. ΤΡΟΥΠΗΣ.

GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated aΑνώτατο first, if (in not final, approach, the term gentrification) is the area ofΚοινοβουλίου, Planning) (orτο gentrification Ευρωπαϊκό Κοινοβούλιο, Βρυξέλλες εξ αριστερών Στέλεχος του 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various οποίο εστήριξε ενθέρμως και ανιδιοτελώς τις Επιστημονικές Ημερίδες που είχε οργανώσει Sociology as well), as the “refining” of ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ a city area, fromthere this, (in various ways), social usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement artists, κατά of καιρούς οgroups, Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. (πρώτος εκ of δεξιών). ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Εκδήλωση επίδοσης Βεβαιώσεων Έλληνεςher Επιστήμονες συμμετασχόντες σε and University College of London, where sheσε continued social research. Her public long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by aΒρυξέλλες passion forοργανωθείσες justice. See also: ENGLISHΚωνστ. DICTIONARY. Επιστημονικές Ημερίδες στις υπόCOLLINS του Καθηγητού ΓΕ. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ. Επί του Βήματος Ανώτατο Στέλεχος της Επιτροπής. Αριστερά του G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually ο Οργανωτής των δράσεων.

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A Ξενοδοχείο description of Βρεταννία. this phenomenon work of Sociologist Στην δεξίωση παρευρέθη Ruth και η Αθήναι, Μ. Δεξίωση is included in the A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major εικονιζομένη κυρία Λ. Δ., Ανώτατο οργανωθείσα υπό τουsame Καθηγητού Κωνστ. ΓΕ. GLASS at the period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Στέλεχος Αεροπορικής Εταιρείας ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ, (Επιστημονικού cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several ηscholars andανιδιοτελώς for its more οποία όλως και Υπευθύνου Επιστημονικών Ημερίδων, στις Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from νομίμως συνέδραμε όλο Βρυξέλλες έπειτα από σχετικές προσκλήσεις comprehensive approach are being summarized from theτοvarious interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: εγχείρημα της συμμετοχής Οργάνων της Ε.Ε., του Ο.Τ.Α.Ν. και της interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Ελλήνων Φοιτητών Αντιπροσωπείας της Εκκλησίας της Ελλάδος, to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in στις money Επιστημονικές για προς των to downtown, where andΈλληνες time to Φοιτητές), travel from theτιμήν purlieus work placeΗμερίδες is, lack ofτων the Βρυξελλών. Επιστημονικός διακεκριμμένων Εισηγητών Ανωτάτων Στελεχών term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. RuthΟ GLASS wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin, where she made first studies. an important study entitled: Υπεύθυνος των Ημερίδων των οικείων στιςherΒρυξέλλες, οι In 1932 she services ofΥπηρεσιών health, education, entertainment “at published the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Καθηγητής Κωνσταντ. ΓΕ. οποίοι επέδωσαν στους Συμμετασχόντες τις lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ εκφράζει σχετικές βεβαιώσεις συμμετοχής. in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the toεπιτυχούς another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her socialκαι research. Her public από τηνbrokers θέση αυτή και εκand Το καλλιτεχνικό σκέλος της εκδήλωσης long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. μέρους Φοιτητών θερμές έχει επιμεληθεί η Ευγενία -for Μαρία and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., theCodepreciation initially of partτων of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm ευχαριστίες για την ευγενή και a Gentrification: variety of ways, inη order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ, οποία εικονίζεται τελεσφόρο συμβολή της. αριστερά παίζοντας πιάνο.

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, onπροσέρχεται this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or Ηgentrification κυρία Ιωάνναtherefore, ΤΣΑΤΣΟΥ σε is Εκδήλωση προς τιμήνofτου Καθηγητού 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated gentrification (in the area Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Επιστημονική Ημερίδα του Κέντρου Έρευνας Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups,Ιερών usually of low-incomeΣοφάδες. and the Εκ placement there artists, Δρ Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης Δ. ΠΙΝΤΟΣ δεξιών προς τα of αριστερά: ways), of social groups, usually ofΓΕ. low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. Ιωάν. However “change”, regardless of (Αθήναι). Δεξιά ο Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΒΛΑΣΣΗΣ, Δρ Βασ. ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ, the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this “change”, regardless of whatever other has, results rising of land prices (and the ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, Γραμματ. του Κέντρου Βουλευτής Σ. ΑΝΑΣΤΑΣΑΚΟΣ, Δρ Ξ. whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative ΛΙΑΝΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ. και Ομιλητής στηspeculation). εν λόγω Ημερίδα. potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Βρυξέλλες, Ο.Τ.Α.Ν., Ημερίδες για Νέους Έλληνες Επιστήμονες και Φοιτητές. University College ofΕνημερωτικές London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying Εξ αριστερών ο characterized Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, Ανώτατο Στέλεχος κυρία Ιν.her work are by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCoΑνώτατος depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Δέσπ. ΑΦΕΝΤΟΥΛΗ, Έλλην Διπλωμάτης, Στέλεχος της Υπηρεσίας. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Διάλεξη προς Αξιωματικούς της ΕΛ.ΑΣ. Ο ομιλητής Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ.2521269 11 ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ συνομιλεί με τον (τότε) Υπουργό Δημόσιας Τάξης και τους παριστάμενους συνεργάτες του.

E¶.A¶. A¶.TO¶. TO¶.AYT. AYT.¶EP. ¶EP.AN. AN./ R.DEC. / R.DEC.ADM. ADM.LOC. LOC.DEV. DEV.REG. REG./ R. / R.DEC. DEC.LOC. LOC.GOV. GOV.REG. REG.DEV. DEV. E¶.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other Επιστημονικές wise heritageΗμερίδες he left us, established a great the Βρυξέλλες, για he Νέους Έλληνες Επιστήμονες και Φοιτητές, among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. (Επιστ. Υπεύθ. Καθηγητής Κων. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ) 1996. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term Εξ αριστερών ΜΑΥΡΙΔΗΣ, Στέλεχος Ευρωπαϊκής Επιτροπής, (Ε.Ε.), 1 (andΠρ. Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated aτης first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification Καθηγητής Κων. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ και Ν. ΖΟΡΜΠΑΣ, Πρόεδρος Εργαζομένων 1 gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Ε.Ε. και εν συνεχεία Στέλεχος του Γραφείου Επιτρόπου Α. ΔΙΑΜΑΝΤΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Βρυξέλλες, Ενημέρωση Επιστημόνων και Φοιτητών επί Ευρωπαϊκών Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, (inartists, various ways), ofΕΠΙΤΡΟΠΗ: social groups, usually of Ελλήνων low-income andthe theremoval placement of Θεμάτων. Εξ αριστερών προς τα δεξιά: Π. ΚΑΡΒΟΥΝΗΣ, Εκπρόσωπος Τύπου της Επιτροπής ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of και του Προέδρου της, Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ (οργανωτής της εκδήλωσης), the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof Ελ. ΚΑΒΒΑΔΙΑ, Στέλεχος της Ευρωπαϊκής Τράπεζας Επενδύσεων (Λουξεμβούργο). whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate,Ημερίδες etc., for the initially of part of the urban web, in Βρυξέλλες, Επιστημονικές γιαCodepreciation Έλληνες Επιστήμονες και Φοιτητές, οργανωθείσες 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in orderΓΕ. to ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟ. achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually από τον Καθηγητή Κωνστ. Αριστερά του Ανώτατο Διπλωματικό Στέλεχος της Ελληνικής Πρεσβείας στο Βέλγιο. 271 2521 11

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Δικηγορικός Σύλλογος Αθηνών: Διάλεξη Καθηγητού Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ, οργανωθείσα υπό της Εταιρείας Διοικητικών Μελετών, της οποίας Πρόεδρος ήταν ο Καθηγητής, Αντιπρ. Σ.τ.Ε. Γ. Μ. ΠΑΠΑΧΑΤΖΗΣ.

GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification ZIMBABWE: Διεθνές Πρόγραμμα Υποστήριξης της Ανάπτυξης της Χώρας. Συντονιστής 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various του Προγράμματος Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ (τρίτος εξ αριστερών) Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of *** the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.Επιστήμονες In 1950 sheto became teacher the Βρυξέλλες, Επιστημονικές Ημερίδες για Έλληνες και επί in to another approach, the is due a Φοιτητές systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying Ευρωπαϊκών Θεμάτων, οργανωθείσες κατ’ επανάληψη από τον Καθηγητή Κωνστ. ΓΕ. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially ofΑνώτατων part of the urban web, ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟ (δεξιά φωτογραφία), τη 2009. συνδρομή Στελεχών της in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, inτης order to achieve theΕκκλησίας “assisted”, (actually Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, Αντιπροσωπείας της της“voluntary”, Ελλάδος στο Βέλγιο, τον Ο.Τ.Α.Ν. κ.α.. Εδώ αριστερά ο Καθηγητής Θ. ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΣ, Ανώτατο Στέλεχος της 274 2521 11 ΕΠΙΤΡΟΠΗΣ, κατά την διάρκεια συνεργασίας.

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the of concepts. Based,ΕΠΙΤΡΟΠΗ: therefore, onΣυζήτηση this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, theταterm Βρυξέλλες, επί Ευρωπαϊκών θεμάτων. Εξcontent Αριστερών προς δεξιά: 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Καθηγητής Κωνστ.1 ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ και δεξιά Π. ΚΑΡΒΟΥΝΗΣ, Εκπρόσωπος gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Τύπου της ΕΠΙΤΡΟΠΗΣ και του Προέδρου της. Παρόντες Έλληνες Νέοι Επιστήμονες. Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the web,Νέους in Αθήναι, Ξενοδοχείο “Μεγάλη Βρετανία”: Εκδήλωση επίδοσης Βεβαιώσεων σεurban Έλληνες 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety ofκαιways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Επιστήμονες Φοιτητές, οι οποίοι έλαβαν μέρος σε σειρά Επιστημονικών Ημερίδων στις Βρυξέλλες, τις οποίες οργάνωσε ο Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ. 2521275 11

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1. Επίτροπος Introductory Defining the concept Η Άνναapproach: ΔΙΑΜΑΝΤΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ ενημερώνει Έλληνες Επιστήμονες για 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept θέματα της αρμοδιότητάς της, κατά τηνphilosopher, διάρκεια Επιστημονικής στις ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek (444 BC - Ημερίδας 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), amongΒρυξέλλες other wise heritage he left us, Κωνστ. he established a great the (οργανωτής ο Καθηγητής ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ). among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition ofΗμερίδες knowledge starts with the of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, onστις this “principle” indefinition a first, ifυπό not final, approach, the term Επιστημονικές Βρυξέλλες, οργανωθείσες του Καθηγητού Κωνστ. ΓΕ. 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ, έπειτα από προσκλήσεις των Οικείων Οργάνων της Ε.Ε., του Ο.Τ.Α.Ν. 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various και άλλων Οντοτήτων, για Έλληνες Επιστήμονες, Στελέχη του Δημοσίου, των Ενόπλων Δυνάμεων, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), ofΣτην social groups, usually of εκ low-income theremoval placement Φοιτητές. φωτογραφία δεύτερος δεξιών προςand αριστερά ο Καθηγητής και τέταρτος ο ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Κωνστ. ΠΑΠΑΓΙΑΝΝΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, M.Sc.P.A., Ανώτ. ΣΤ. Ε. Δ. Ελλάδος. the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Βρυξέλλες: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Αριστερά ο συνεκδότης της ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α. Επαμ. Γ. 278 ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ και δεξιά ο Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. 2521 11 ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ

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Κατάθεση Στεφάνου στο μνημείο του Αγνώστου Στρατιώτου, Αθήναι, επ’ ευκαιρία της εορτής της Ημέρας των Ενόπλων Δυνάμεων, 21 Νοεμβρίου, κατά την οποία ο Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ είχε εκφωνήσει σχετική ομιλία στον Μητροπολιτικό Ναό Αθηνών. Στην φωτογραφία στην αριστερή πλευρά δεύτερος εκ δεξιών προς τα αριστερά.

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Γάλλος Αξιωματούχος απονέμει Τιμητική 1. Introductory approach: Definingphilosopher, the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Διάκριση στον Καθηγητή Κωνστ. ΓΕ. Greek ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟ (δεξιά) για την among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the συμβολή του στηνofδιάδοση του Γαλλικού acquisition knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Πολιτισμού διαχρονικώς. Κάτω αριστερά 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or άλλοςasΑξιωματούχος. gentrification Sociology well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Δημοσιογραφικές Προσωπικότητες αλλοτινών καιρών αναφερόμενες με ευγνώμονες αναμνήσεις: Άνω σειρά εξ αριστερών προς τα δεξιά: Σπ. ΜΕΛΑΣ, Πρόεδρος Ακαδημίας Αθηνών, Δ. ΑΒΡΑΜΙΔΗΣ, Γ.Γ.G.A.C.I., Ευαγγ. ΦΩΤΙΑΔΗΣ, Κ. ΠΑΠΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΟΥ. Κάτω σειρά εξ αριστερών προς τα δεξιά: Ε. ΠΡΩΤΟΨΑΛΤΗΣ, Αγγ. ΜΕΤΑΞΑΣ, Σπ. ΖΟΜΠΑΝΑΚΗΣ, Ι. ΠΡΑΣΣΑΣ.

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Σχολή Εθνικής Αμύνης. Ημερίδα επί διεθνών Θεμάτων.

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Αναζητώντας είδηση: Άνω: ΠΑΠΑΝΔΡΕΟΥ με νέους ENGLISH Δημοσιογράφους, τον her work areτην characterized by aΓεώργιος passion for justice. See also: COLLINS DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: οποίο χαιρετά ο Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ. G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in Βορ. order toΝοτ. achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Κάτω: Αρχιεπίσκοπος και Αμερικής ΙΑΚΩΒΟΣ, και πρώτος εξ αριστερών Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, Συντάκτης του Πρακτορείου TRANSORIENT.2521285 11

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification Θέματα Αποδήμων Ελλήνων επί τάπητος. Πέμπτος εξ αριστερών Πρωθυπουργός Γεώργ. 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (in the areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal from (in various ΠΑΠΑΝΔΡΕΟΥ, περιστοιχιζόμενος από Ανώτατα Στελέχη Ομογενειακών Οργαν. Δεύτερος εκ Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, δεξιών Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of Κάτω φωτογραφία: the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof Ελληνοαμερικανικό Ελλήνων whatever other consequencesΣυνέδριο has, results alsoΑποδήμων rising of ΗΠΑ land prices (and the potential relative speculation). Αριστερά: ο Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, Εισηγητής επίand σχετικού θέματος. potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the fromthere this,Παντείου (inartists, various Ο Καθηγητής Ιερώνυμος ΠΙΝΤΟΣ ανακηρύσσων Επίτιμο Διδάκτορα του ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and theremoval placement of ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However thisτον “change”, regardless of Πανεπιστημίου Κοινωνικών και Πολιτικών Επιστημών W. BRANDT. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Έλληνες Καθηγητές επισκέπτονται Όργανα Βρυξέλλες. Την ιδέα University College of London, where she Κοινοτικά continued her social στις research. Her public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying πρόταση στα Όργαναbyκαι την ευθύνη οργάνωσης είχεCOLLINS ο Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. her/work are characterized a passion for justice. See also: ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ. ΕξAND αριστερών η Καθηγήτρια Αμ. ΚΩΤΣΑΚΗ, Στέλεχος G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Επιτροπής, Στέλεχος Πανεπιστημίου Ελ. ΚΑΒΒΑΔΙΑ και Μ.Ε. Καθηγήτρια Παντείου 287 Π.Π.Κ.Π.Ε. Βασ. ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ. 2521 11

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ΠΙΝΤΟΥ, Κωνστ. ΧΑΤΖΗΔΑΚΗΣ, πρώην Πρωθυπουργός Ιωάν. ΓΡΙΒΑΣ. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Σχολή Αξιωματικών Ελληνικής Αστυνομίας, δεξίωση προς τιμήν Καθηγητών Συνεργατών. Εξ University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work Καθηγητής are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. αριστερών Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, Καθηγητής Γρ. ΠΑΓΚΑΚΗΣ, and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: η υπεύθυνη έκδοσης της ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α. Αντζ. ΚΥΡΑΓΓΕΛΟΥ και η Δρ Π. ΣΤΕΡΙΑΔΟΥ, G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Ανώτατο Στέλεχος Υπουργείου, Συγγραφεύς. 288 2521 11

E¶.A¶. A¶.TO¶. TO¶.AYT. AYT.¶EP. ¶EP.AN. AN./ R.DEC. / R.DEC.ADM. ADM.LOC. LOC.DEV. DEV.REG. REG./ R. / R.DEC. DEC.LOC. LOC.GOV. GOV.REG. REG.DEV. DEV. E¶.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Συνέδριο με θέμα: Τοπική Αυτοδιοίκηση και Μέσα Μαζικής Επικοινωνίας, Αθήναι. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless Από consequences αριστερά: Καθηγητής Κων. ΓΕalso ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ whatever other has, results rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, also rising of και land prices (and the potential relative και εν συνεχεία οι διακεκριμένοι Δημοσιογράφοι Β.results ΛΑΜΠΡΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ Ιωάν. ΤΑΣΣΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ. potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found at*** first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy people to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities inΝίκη Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Η κυρία Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from ΓΟΥΛΑΝΔΡΗ comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations προσέρχεται σε of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Επιστημονική Ημερίδα “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money τουto Κέντρου Έρευνας and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης 1.of The termat from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Ιερών Δ. ΠΙΝΤΟΣ.comes Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Δεξιά ο Καθηγητής Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Κωνσταντίνος ΓΕ. in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her του workΚέντρου are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Γραμματ. και and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Ομιλητής στην εν λόγω G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Ημερίδα. 289 2521 11

E¶.A¶. A¶.TO¶. TO¶.AYT. AYT.¶EP. ¶EP.AN. AN./ R.DEC. / R.DEC.ADM. ADM.LOC. LOC.DEV. DEV.REG. REG./ R. / R.DEC. DEC.LOC. LOC.GOV. GOV.REG. REG.DEV. DEV. E¶.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) gentrification Ο πρόδρομος της Ελληνικής Επιμορφωτικής Τηλεόρασης: Μήπως γνωρίζετε; Εκ(or 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various δεξιών ο κειμενογράφος Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, ο Ίκαρος Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ΚΑΝΝΕΛΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, εμπνευστής του Προγράμματος, η βασική Συνεργάτις Ρένα ways), of social groups, usually ofΚΑΠΙΤΣΑΛΑ. low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where sheΕκδήλωση continued her social research. Herσε public and Αθήναι, Ξενοδ. Μεγ. Βρεταννία: επίδοσης Βεβαιώσεων Νέους long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Επιστήμονες και Φοιτητές, οι οποίοι έλαβαν μέρος σεWIKIPEDIA: Επιστημονικές Ημερίδες στις in and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. The Free Encyclopedia: Βρυξέλλες, οργανωθείσες από τον Καθηγητή Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟ (επί G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually του βήματος). Εξ αριστερών προς τα δεξιά: Καθηγητής Παν. ΕΥΘΥΜΙΑΔΗΣ, Ανδρ. 290ΣΚΑΡΤΣΙΛΑΣ, Εμμ. ΜΠΕΝΤΕΝΙΩΤΗΣ, Διπλωμάτης, Ιερόθ. ΠΑΠΑΔΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, 2521 11 κυρία Δ. ΚΑΒΒΑΔΙΑ, Αναστ. ΚΑΒΒΑΔΙΑΣ, Α. ΚΥΡΑΓΓΕΛΟΥ, Ευγ. Μαρ. Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ.

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Πανεπιστήμιο ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος, Τελετή Αποφοίτησης. Στην πρώτη σειρά εκ δεξιών προς αριστερά ο Καθηγητής Κωνσταντίνος ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, Πρόεδρος της Νομικής Σχολής του Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος.

GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

291 2521 11

E¶.A¶. A¶.TO¶. TO¶.AYT. AYT.¶EP. ¶EP.AN. AN./ R.DEC. / R.DEC.ADM. ADM.LOC. LOC.DEV. DEV.REG. REG./ R. / R.DEC. DEC.LOC. LOC.GOV. GOV.REG. REG.DEV. DEV. E¶.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC Επιστήμονες -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among otherΕπιτροπή, wise heritage he left Ημερίδες us, he established a great Βρυξέλλες, Ενημερωτικές για Νέους(444 Έλληνες καιthe among other wise heritage he left us,definition he established aΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, greatof“principle”: acquisition knowledge starts with the of the content concepts. the Φοιτητές. Εξofαριστερών προς τα δεξιά: Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, onΕυγ.-Μαρ. this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the Ελ. ΚΑΒΒΑΔΙΑ, ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ, Κλαίρη ΠΛΕΤΣ, Γ. term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first,ΠΛΕΤΣ. if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification ΤΣΑΓΚΟΥΛΗΣ, Καθηγητής 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations theΕνημερωτικές phenomenon thecategory following: Βρυξέλλες, In a sense,Επιτροπή, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Επιστημονικές Ημερίδες στις Βρυξέλλες Ημερίδες για Νέους Έλληνες to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money για Έλληνες Επιστήμονες και Φοιτητές. Επιστήμονες και Φοιτητές. πιάνο to downtown, and time to travel from theΣτο purlieus where work place is, lack of the Επιστημονικός Υπεύθυνος, ορισθείς η1.Τατιάνα ΠΑΠΑΓΕΩΡΓΙΟΥ. term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense ofThe safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her firstτης studies. In 1932 sheτων published an important study entitled: υπό Οικείων Οργάνων της Ε.Ε. και Όρθιος δεξιά ο οργανωτής services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after Οντοτήτων continuous (Ο.Τ.Α.Ν. for άλλων Νομικών δράσης Καθηγητής Κωνσταντίνος ΓΕ. lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ. κ.λ.),Inο 1950 Καθηγητής ΓΕ. in in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. sheto became teacher the to another approach, the is due aΚωνστ. systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public and ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, των Πανεπιστημίων long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. ΠΑΝΤΕΙΟΝ Κ.Π.Ε., Ε.Κ.Π.Α. του in and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Ε.Κ.Δ.Δ., της Σ.ΕΘ.Α., της Σ.Α.Ε.Α. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Εκ των συμμετεχουσών Επιστημόνων εν 21 292 αναμονή έναρξης των συνεδριάσεων. 25 11

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Διεθνές Συνέδριο επί θεμάτων ανάπτυξης. Εξ αριστερών προς τα δεξιά: Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ και Πρόεδρος του Ι.Π.Α. Καθηγητής Ν. ΚΟΝΣΟΛΑΣ

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Νέοι Δημοσιογράφοι για continued τις διαδικασίες έκδοσης μεσημβρινής εφημερίδας. University College of ενημερώνονται London, where she her social research. Her public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying Εξ με λευκή ενδυμασία Αρχισυντάκτις ημερήσιας εφημερίδας των Αθηνών και herαριστερών work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and sellingWil. realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: Free Encyclopedia: δίπλα τηςedit. ο Διευθυντής Σπουδών της πρώτης Δημοσιογραφικής ΣχολήςThe Ελλάδος Καθηγητής G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Κωνσταντίνος ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ.

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Έλληνες Αιρετοί με Συναδέλφους τους γειτονικών Κρατών. Δεξιά πρώτος στην acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term πρώτη σειρά ο Γεώργ. Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ. 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of ***** a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theσθένος depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. δραστηριότητες London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Η10th ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α. υποστηρίζει με της Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης. G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Αντιπροσωπεία Ελλήνων Αιρετών προσέρχονται προς κατάθεση Στεφάνου, Μνημείο

Αγνώστου Στρατιώτου. Αθήναι. 297 2521 11 Εκ της πρώτης σειράς εξ αριστερών προς δεξιά εκ των ανιδιοτελών εργατών της Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης Γεωργ. Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ.

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Αποκαλυπτήρια Στρατηγού Σπ. ΠΑΛΑΣΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ, Ελάτεια, παρόντων lower living costΠροτομής of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, κ.ά. Eπισήμων και του Υπουργού Εσωτερικών Λ. ΠΑΠΑΔΗΜΟΥ. αείμνηστος in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due aΟ systematic and University College of London, where continued social research. brokers Her public Στρατηγός κατέλιπε όληby του τηνshe περιουσία τουher για την κατασκευή Αθλητικού και and long-term informal effort organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate,στην etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in Πνευματικού Κέντρου γενέτειρά του London Ελάτεια.2009. Το όλο εγχείρημα έχει ολοκληρωθεί 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aτη variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, (actually συνδρομή σπουδαίων Τοπικών Προσωπικοτήτων, κατά την“voluntary”, περίοδο διαχείρησής του κυρίως υπό της Διαχειρίστριας Β.Δ. ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ, θυγατρός της Αδελφής του Διαθέτου. 299 2521 11 Βλέπετε σχετικό κείμενο στην σελίδα 173 της ανά χείρας έκδοσης.

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Αθήναι, Ξενοδοχείο “Μεγάλη Βρετανία”. Εκδήλωση οργανωθείσα από τον Καθηγητή Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟ για την επίδοση Βεβαιώσεων συμμετοχής σε Νέους Έλληνες Επιστήμονες και Φοιτητές, που έλαβαν μέρος σε Επιστημονικές Ημερίδες στις Βρυξέλλες, οργανωθείσες από τον ίδιο. Ένθεν κακείθεν του επί κεφαλής της αντιπροσωπείας της Εκκλησίας της Ελλάδος στις Βρυξέλλες, Σεβασμιώτατου ΑΘΑΝΑΣΙΟΥ, Ανώτατα Στελέχη της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης. Τελευταία δεξιά απεικονίζεται η κυρία Αντζ. Α. ΚΥΡΑΓΓΕΛΟΥ, Στέλεχος της ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α..

GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof Επίδοση Βεβαιώσεων συμμετοχής σε results Επιστημονικές Ημερίδες στις prices Βρυξέλλες, whatever other consequences has, also rising of land (and the potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). Αθήναι, Βρετανία. Eξ is αριστερών ΤΣΑΦΑΡΑΣ, Μαρ. TheΜεγάλη term gentrification found atστην firstπρώτη in the σειρά: UK inΠ. early 1960s and itΕυγεν refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early πρώτος 1960s and refersoftoσειρά ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ καιtrend τελευταίος δεξιά Σπ. ΒΛΙΑΜΟΣ. Αριστερά στηνitareas δεύτερη the then observed ofiswealthy to buy property in poor theΔιευθυντής then observed trend of wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas o Γενικός Υπουργείου Παιδείας και Θρησκευμάτων Ι. ΘΕΟΔΩΡΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ. London, upgrade them, stayΕθνικής themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Αθήναι, Ξενοδοχείο “Μεγάλη Βρετανία”: Εκδήλωση 1912-1940. επίδοσης Βεβαιώσεων Συμμετοχής termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, σε συμμετέχοντες Επιστημονικές Ημερίδες στις Βρυξέλλες που Καθηγητής Berlin, where sheσε made her first studies. In 1932 she published anοργάνωσε important οstudy entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth ΓΕ. Unemployment. The same yearΕξ sheαριστερών left Germany and continuous Κωνστ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ. προς ταafter δεξιά: Ρ. to ΛΟΥΚΕΡΗ, Επαμ. lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where Γ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, Γ. ΤΣΑΓΚΟΥΛΗΣ, Θ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ. in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Αθήναι, Ξενοδοχείο “Μεγάλη Βρετανία”. Εκδήλωση επίδοσης Βεβαιώσεων Συμμετοχής σε συμμετέχοντες σε Επιστημονικές Ημερίδες στις Βρυξέλλες (2006), των οποίων είχε ορισθεί Επιστημονικός Υπεύθυνος ο Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ.

GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining theσυνεργασίες concept (444 Παρίσι: Ενημερωτικές στονBC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, Οργανισμό Οικονομικής Συνεργασίας και ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he establishedΑνάπτυξης. a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek Μεphilosopher, Έλληνες Συνεργάτες σε διεθνείς επιστημονικές ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a Τρίτος great the δραστηριότητες. εξ αριστερών το among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. Στέλεχος της Επιτροπής της Ε.Ε. Πρ. (Μ.) acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term ΜΑΥΡΙΔΗΣ. 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the term gentrification) the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Βρυξέλλες, Ευρωπαϊκό Κοινοβούλιο. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Αθήναι,lower Ξενοδοχείο “Μεγάλη Βρετανία” 2006. living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Από Δεξίωση προς Νέωνstudies Επιστημόνων, in According 1943 sheτιμήν published regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University από College London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and που οργανώθηκε τονofΚαθηγητή Κωνστ. long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Βρυξέλλες, Επιτροπή. Έλληνες Φοιτητές, ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟ. δεξιών προς and selling realCOLLINS estate,Εκ etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Υπεύθυνος Ημερίδας Καθηγητής Κων. ΓΕ. αριστερά Θάνοςof ΚΥΡΑΓΓΕΛΟΣ, G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety ways, in orderΑμαλία to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ. ΚΥΡΑΓΓΕΛΟΥ και Καίτη ΓΑΛΑΤΗ. 309 2521 11

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Μουσείο Βρυξελλών. Αριστερά Δρ Γ. - Σπ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ και δεξιά 1. Introductory approach: theΚ.concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ο οργανωτής τηςheritage επίσκεψης 42left Ελλήνων Επιστημόνων Κωνστ. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC,ΓΕ. Athens), among other wise he us, he establishedΚαθηγητής a great the ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ. among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Αθήναι, College Ξενοδοχείο “Μεγάλη Βρετανία”. Δεξίωση του ΚαθηγητούHer Κωνστ. ΓΕ. University informal of London, where she continued her social research. brokers public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ προς by τιμήν Νέων for Ελλήνων οι οποίοι έλαβαν μέρος σε her work are characterized a passion justice.Επιστημόνων, See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. The Free Επιστημονικές Ημερίδες επί Ευρωπαϊκών θεμάτων, (τιςWIKIPEDIA: οποίες οργάνωσε ο Encyclopedia: ίδιος). G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Άνω: Φοιτήτριες και Πρόεδρος του Φαρμακευτικού Τμήματος του Εθνικού και Καποδιστριακού Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών και δεξιά ο οργανωτής της εκδήλωσης. 311 2521 11

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Εξ αριστερών: Γεώργ.-Σπ. Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, MAUD.

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), asΚων. the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Παρίσι, Καθηγητής ΓΕ. Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, Έλληνες Μεταπτυχιακοί Πάντειο Πανεπιστήμιο Κοινων., Πολιτ. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operationΦοιτητές of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of και Προπτυχιακοί πριν εισέλθουν Επιστημών, Αθήναι. Υπερπλήρες Αμφιθέατρο. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences στα Γραφεία της other UNESCO προκειμένου has, να results also rising of land prices (and theof 2005. whatever other consequences has, results also rising prices (and the με Καθηγητής Κων. of ΓΕ.land ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ potential speculation). ενημερωθούν περίrelative αυτής από τον Πρέσβη Βασ. potential relative speculation). Φοιτητές του.it refers to The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and ΒΑΣΙΛΙΚΟ The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially ofΥπερπλήρες part of the urban web, in 10th edit.Πανεπιστήμιο Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd.Επιστημών, London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Πάντειο Κοινων., Πολιτ. Αθήναι. Αμφιθέατρο. G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety2006. of ways, in order achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Καθηγητής Κων.toΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ με Φοιτητές του.

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. The εξέδωσε same year she left Germany and after continuous Ειδικό τιμητικό τόμο ηfrom Πάντειος Ανωτάτη Σχολή Πολιτικών Επιστημών lower living cost of, “withdrawal” private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, αφιερωμένο στην Μνήμη και στο έργο the του αείμνηστου Ιερώνυμου Δ. πουand in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, is due aΠΙΝΤΟΥ, systematic διετέλεσε Πρύτανης και Καθηγητής τηςcontinued Σχολής επί μακρά σειρά ετών και Ιδρυτικός University College of London, where she her social research. Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying her work areτου characterized byΠεριφερειακής a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Πρόεδρος Ινστιτούτου Ανάπτυξης. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ALEXANDRI: Abstract. wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, Ανωτέρω οG.Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ.http://www.uncanny.net/ ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ ομιλών κατά(actually την παρουσίαση του τιμητικού τόμου (20/10/1984). 316 2521 11

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Κέντρο Προώθησης Ηθικών και Πνευματικών Αξιών «Δ. ΚΑΡΛΟΣ». lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Επίδοση βραβείων σε approach, αριστεύσαντες Νέους Επιστήμονες και Φοιτητές, in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another the phenomenon is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued social research. brokers Her public and παρόντοςinformal του Προέδρου Ακαδημίας Αθηνώνhermanufacturers, Γρ. ΣΚΑΛΚΕΑ, Υπουργών, long-term effort της by organized groups, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Βουλευτών, των Γονέων τουfor Δ.the ΚΑΡΛΟΥ κ.ά. Επισήμων. Στην εξ web, in and selling real estate, etc., depreciation initially of partφωτογραφία of the urban 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: αριστερών Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, ο Υπουργός (actually Ε. G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of οways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, ΜΠΕΝΤΕΝΙΩΤΗΣ και ο Γ. ΤΣΑΓΚΟΥΛΗΣ (εκ των βραβευθέντων).

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1.Έλληνες Introductory approach: Defining the Νέοι Επιστήμονες και Φοιτητές των concept συμμετεχόντων σε σειρά ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greekεκphilosopher, (444 BC - 370 Επιστημονικών BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), Ημερίδων στις Βρυξέλλες, τις οποίες οργάνωσε κατ’ επανάληψη ο BC Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. the ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came back to London, Εις ανάμνησιν.... Επιβράβευση έργων ευποιΐας.... in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Ευγενία Γ. Αθανασοπούλου Γεώργιος Κ. Αθανασόπουλος Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification (1916-1992 μ.Χ.) (1916-1983 μ.Χ.) Concerns By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

ΔΗΜΟΤΙΚΑ ΤΡΑΓΟΥΔΙΑ ΔΥΤΙΚΗΣ ΘΕΣΣΑΛΙΑΣ ΚΑΙ ΙΔΙΩΣ ΠΕΡΙΟΧΗΣ ΣΟΦΑΔΩΝ 1. Introductory approach:ΤΗΣ Defining the concept

1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Επιστημονική Επιμέλεια University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying ΔροςbyΕυγενίας Μαρίας ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ her work are characterized a passion-for justice.Κ.See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd.Β’London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: έκδοση G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Κ.Ε.Μ.Ε.ΑΝ. Αθήναι, 2021

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Καθηγητής Γ. Μ. ΠΑΠΑΧΑΤΖΗΣ.

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Αριστερά ο Ιδρυτής και Πρόεδρος του Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος, Μιχ. ΛΕΠΤΟΣ και δεξιά ο Πρόεδρος της Κυπριακής Δημοκρατίας Ν. ΑΝΑΣΤΑΣΙΑΔΗΣ.

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ιδιότητα του κράτους μέλους της Ε.Ε. και της Ευρωζώνης, με αυτά της ασφάλειας, της ποιότητας ζωής και του καλού κλίματος. Τα πιο πάνω, σε συνδυασμό με τα προσδοκώμενα οφέλη από την αξιοποίηση του E¶.A¶. A¶.TO¶. TO¶.AYT. AYT.¶EP. ¶EP.AN. AN./ R.DEC. / R.DEC.ADM. ADM.LOC. LOC.DEV. DEV.REG. REG./ R. / R.DEC. DEC.LOC. LOC.GOV. GOV.REG. REG.DEV. E¶. φυσικού αέριου, συνθέτουν περιβάλλον θετικής προοπτικής για DEV. τα επόμενα χρόνια. Παράλληλα, επιβεβαιώνουν ότι ο τομέας ακινήτων, Η ΔΥΝΑΜΙΚΗ ΕΠΑΝΑΔΡΑΣΤΗΡΙΟΠΟΙΗΣΗ ΑΚΙΝΗΤΩΝ παρά τις δυσκολίες που αντιμετώπισε στο πρόσφατο παρελθόν, ΩΦΕΛΕΙ ΣΗΜΑΝΤΙΚΑ ΤΗΝ ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΙΑ ΝΑΜΙΚΗ ΕΠΑΝΑΔΡΑΣΤΗΡΙΟΠΟΙΗΣΗ ΑΚΙΝΗΤΩΝ παραμένει κεντρικός πυλώνας ανάπτυξης της κυπριακής οικονομίας Η ΔΥΝΑΜΙΚΗ ΕΠΑΝΑΔΡΑΣΤΗΡΙΟΠΟΙΗΣΗ ΑΚΙΝΗΤΩΝ ΩΦΕΛΕΙ ΣΗΜΑΝΤΙΚΑ ΤΗΝκοινωνίας. ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΙΑ και προόδου της Συμβάλλει σημαντικά στο ΑΕΠ, στην ΩΦΕΛΕΙ ΣΗΜΑΝΤΙΚΑ ΤΗΝ ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΙΑ εισροή ξένων κεφαλαίων και στη δημιουργία θέσεων εργασίας σε χιλιάδες συμπατριώτες μας. Οι δυνατότητες για περαιτέρω ανάπτυξη του κλάδου είναι By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS θετικές. Ενδεικτικά, το 2018 οι πωλήσεις ακινήτων άνοδο Του C. κ.κατέγραψαν Παντ. Μ. ΛΕΠΤΟΥ Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, 6%, σε συνέχεια των Του αυξήσεων των προηγούμενων χρόνων, ενώ στο Αντιπροέδρου Ομίλου Εταιρειών ΛΕΠΤΟΣ, κ. Παντ. Μ. George-Sp. ΛΕΠΤΟΥ C. ATHANASSOPOULOS By Mr. Architect πρώτοΑντιπροέδρου τρίμηνο του 2019 καταγράφεται άνοδος Ταυτόχρονα, οι Προέδρου του Παγκύπριου Συνδέσμου Ομίλου Εταιρειών ΛΕΠΤΟΣ, Του κ. Μ. ΛΕΠΤΟΥ Student of11%. theΠαντ. School of Architecture τιμές τωνΠροέδρου ακινήτων,του ως Επιχειρηματιών συνέπεια της αύξησης της ζήτησης, συνεχίζουν Ανάπτυξης Γης και Οικοδομών. Παγκύπριου Συνδέσμου Αντιπροέδρου Ομίλου Εταιρειών ΛΕΠΤΟΣ, Technical University of Crete να καταγράφουνΑνάπτυξης σταδιακή Γης άνοδο σε όλες τις περιοχές της Επιχειρηματιών και Οικοδομών. Προέδρου τουσχεδόν Παγκύπριου Συνδέσμου 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. ελεύθερης Κύπρου. Αυτό περιλαμβάνει όλες τις κατηγορίες ακινήτων Επιχειρηματιών Ανάπτυξης Γης και Οικοδομών. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Η Κύπρος αποτελεί διαχρονικά ελκυστικό προορισμό γιαAthens), αγορά ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the ακίνητης περιουσίας. Συνδυάζει τα πλεονεκτήματα που προσφέρει η ρος αποτελεί διαχρονικά ελκυστικό προορισμό για αγορά among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the ιδιότητα του κράτους μέλους τηςthe Ε.Ε. και τηςnot Ευρωζώνης, αυτά της εριουσίας. Συνδυάζει τα πλεονεκτήματα που προσφέρει ηthe Η Κύπρος αποτελεί διαχρονικά προορισμό για αγορά acquisition of knowledge starts with content ofμε concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition aελκυστικό first, if of final, approach, the term 1 ασφάλειας, της ποιότητας ζωής και του καλού κλίματος. Τα πιο πάνω, . 1 υ κράτους μέλους τηςπεριουσίας. Ε.Ε. καιurban της Ευρωζώνης, αυτά ακίνητης Συνδυάζει ταμε πλεονεκτήματα που η Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first,της if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and gentrification) is indicated area ofπροσφέρει Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and σε συνδυασμό με τα “refining” προσδοκώμενα οφέλη από τηνfrom αξιοποίηση του gentrification urban gentrification) isπιο indicated (in the area of Planning) (or της ποιότητας ζωής και του καλού κλίματος. Τα πάνω, ιδιότητα του κράτους μέλους της Ε.Ε. και της Ευρωζώνης, με αυτά της Sociology as well), as the of a city area, the removal this, (in various 1 το υπόλοιπο κειμένου στο τεύχος 95/2019 της ΕΠΙΘΕΩΡΗΣΗΣ Sociology as της well), as the “refining” of a city the from this, (in various φυσικού αέριου, συνθέτουν περιβάλλον θετικής προοπτικής για τα ways), of. Αναζητείστε social groups, usually ofτου low-income and theremoval placement there of artists, μό με τα προσδοκώμενα οφέλη από την αξιοποίηση του ασφάλειας, ποιότητας ζωής και τουarea, καλού κλίματος. Τα πιο πάνω, ΑΠΟΚΕΝΤΡΩΣΗΣ, ΤΟΠΙΚΗΣ ΑΥΤΟΔΙΟΙΚΗΣΗΣ ΚΑΙ ΠΕΡΙΦΕΡΕΙΑΚΗΣ ΑΝΑΠΤΥΞΗΣ με βάση τις ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of artμεgalleries, restaurants, etc.οφέλη However thisτην regardless of επόμενα χρόνια. Παράλληλα, επιβεβαιώνουν ότι ο“change”, τομέας ακινήτων, ριου, συνθέτουν περιβάλλον θετικής προοπτικής για τα σε συνδυασμό τα προσδοκώμενα από αξιοποίηση του σχετικές ηλεκτρονικές διευθύνσεις της ΕΠΙΘΕΩΡΗΣΗΣ (βλ. εξώφυλλο). the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the παρά τις δυσκολίες που αντιμετώπισε στο πρόσφατο παρελθόν, όνια. Παράλληλα, επιβεβαιώνουν ότι ο τομέας ακινήτων, φυσικού αέριου, συνθέτουν περιβάλλον θετικής προοπτικής για τα whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). παραμένει κεντρικός πυλώνας ανάπτυξης τηςότι κυπριακής δυσκολίες που αντιμετώπισε στο πρόσφατο παρελθόν, επόμενα χρόνια. Παράλληλα, επιβεβαιώνουν ο τομέας οικονομίας ακινήτων, potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to και προόδου της κοινωνίας. Συμβάλλει σημαντικά στο ΑΕΠ, στην κεντρικός πυλώνας ανάπτυξης της κυπριακής παρά δυσκολίες που αντιμετώπισε στοin πρόσφατο παρελθόν, Theτις term gentrification found atpeople firstοικονομίας in the UK early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto εισροή ξένων κεφαλαίων και στο στη δημιουργία θέσεων inεργασίας σε υ της κοινωνίας. Συμβάλλει σημαντικά ΑΕΠ, παραμένει κεντρικός πυλώνας ανάπτυξης της κυπριακής οικονομίας the then observed trend of wealthy people toστην buy property poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof χιλιάδες συμπατριώτες μας. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there residents are ων κεφαλαίων και στη δημιουργία θέσεων εργασίας σε and thus και προόδου της κοινωνίας. Συμβάλλει σημαντικά στοoldΑΕΠ, στην being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. Οι δυνατότητες για περαιτέρω ανάπτυξη του κλάδου είναι μπατριώτες εισροή μας. ξένων κεφαλαίων και στη δημιουργία θέσεων εργασίας σε A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth description ofανάπτυξη this is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth θετικές. τοphenomenon 2018 οιsimilar πωλήσεις ακινήτων κατέγραψαν atΕνδεικτικά, the same period, whileτου in otherάνοδο major νατότητες GLASS για Aπεραιτέρω κλάδου είναι χιλιάδες συμπατριώτες μας. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major inΟι countries, by Researchers. 6%, συνέχεια των αυξήσεων των προηγούμενων χρόνων, ενώείναι στο εικτικά, το cities 2018σε οιWestern πωλήσεις ακινήτων κατέγραψαν άνοδο δυνατότητες γιαother περαιτέρω ανάπτυξη του κλάδου cities inτρίμηνο Western countries, byκαταγράφεται other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more πρώτο του 2019 άνοδος 11%. Ταυτόχρονα, οι έχεια των αυξήσεων των προηγούμενων ενώ στο θετικές. Ενδεικτικά, το 2018preoccupied οιχρόνων, πωλήσεις ακινήτων κατέγραψαν άνοδο Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from τιμές των ακινήτων, ως συνέπεια τηςsummarized αύξησης ζήτησης, συνεχίζουν ηνο του 2019 καταγράφεται άνοδος 11%. Ταυτόχρονα, οιτης 6%, σε συνέχεια των αυξήσεων των προηγούμενων χρόνων, ενώ στο comprehensive approach are being below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: να καταγράφουν άνοδοgentrification, σε όλες σχεδόν τιςΤαυτόχρονα, περιοχές της κινήτων, ωςπρώτο συνέπεια της αύξησης τηςκαταγράφεται ζήτησης, συνεχίζουν τρίμηνο του 2019 άνοδος 11%. οι interpretations theσταδιακή phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof to a trend of a new of social groups 1. ελεύθερης Κύπρου. Αυτό περιλαμβάνει όλες τις κατηγορίες ακινήτων άφουν σταδιακή άνοδο σε όλες σχεδόν τις περιοχές της τιμές των ακινήτων, ως συνέπεια της αύξησης της ζήτησης, συνεχίζουν to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money 1σχεδόν ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… . workτις ύπρου. Αυτό όλες τις purlieus κατηγορίες ακινήτων ναπεριλαμβάνει καταγράφουν σταδιακή άνοδο σε όλεςwhere περιοχές and time to travel from the to downtown, place is, lack ofτης the 1. in 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS wasbetter born ……………………………………………………………………………………… ελεύθερης Κύπρου. Αυτό περιλαμβάνει όλες τις κατηγορίες ακινήτων sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for

GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and 1 University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Στελέχη και Φοιτητέςτοτου Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ επισκέπτονται Επαρχιακό . Αναζητείστε υπόλοιπο του κειμένου στο τεύχος 95/2019 τηςτοΕΠΙΘΕΩΡΗΣΗΣ her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web,οτις in ΑΠΟΚΕΝΤΡΩΣΗΣ, ΤΟΠΙΚΗΣ ΑΥΤΟΔΙΟΙΚΗΣΗΣ ΚΑΙ ΠΕΡΙΦΕΡΕΙΑΚΗΣ ΑΝΑΠΤΥΞΗΣ με βάση Δικαστήριο Πάφου. Εξ αριστερών η Δρ ΣΑΒΒΙΔΟΥ, η Πρόεδρος του Δικαστηρίου, τ. 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ητείστε το υπόλοιπο του κειμένου στο τεύχος 95/2019 της ΕΠΙΘΕΩΡΗΣΗΣ Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually σχετικές ηλεκτρονικές διευθύνσεις της ΕΠΙΘΕΩΡΗΣΗΣ (βλ. εξώφυλλο). 1 Υπουργός και Πρέσβυς Π. ΜΙΧΑΗΛΙΔΗΣ, Ανώτατος Δικαστής, o Πρόεδρος της Νομικής Σ, ΤΟΠΙΚΗΣ ΑΥΤΟΔΙΟΙΚΗΣΗΣ ΚΑΙ ΠΕΡΙΦΕΡΕΙΑΚΗΣ βάση τις 95/2019 της ΕΠΙΘΕΩΡΗΣΗΣ . Αναζητείστε το υπόλοιπο ΑΝΑΠΤΥΞΗΣ του κειμένουμεστο τεύχος Σχολής (οργανωτής της επίσκεψης) Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, ρονικές διευθύνσεις της ΕΠΙΘΕΩΡΗΣΗΣ (βλ. εξώφυλλο). ΤΟΠΙΚΗΣ ΑΥΤΟΔΙΟΙΚΗΣΗΣ ΚΑΙ ΠΕΡΙΦΕΡΕΙΑΚΗΣ ΑΝΑΠΤΥΞΗΣ με βάση τις 326 ΑΠΟΚΕΝΤΡΩΣΗΣ, 2521 11 Φοιτητές. (βλ. εξώφυλλο). σχετικές ηλεκτρονικές διευθύνσεις της ΕΠΙΘΕΩΡΗΣΗΣ

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Πανεπιστήμιο ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος, διεθνείς συνεργασίες. Εξ αριστερών προς τα δεξιά: Σπ. ΜΑΚΡΥΔΑΚΗΣ, Γεώργιος Μ. ΛΕΠΤΟΣ, Αντιπρόεδρος του Πανεπιστημίου και του Ομίλου Εταιριών ΛΕΠΤΟΣ, Διπλωμάτης, Μιχ. ΛΕΠΤΟΣ, Ιδρυτής και Πρόεδρος του Πανεπιστημίου, Διπλωμάτης, Φ. ΦΑΙΔΩΝΟΣ, Διπλωμάτης και ο Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ.

GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, Πάφος. if (in notthe final, approach, the term Πανεπιστήμιο ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Εξ αριστερών προς τα Κυρία Κική Έπαρχος Πάφου, Sociology as well), as δεξιά: the “refining” of aΛΕΠΤΟΥ, city area, the removal fromΜιχ. this, ΛΕΠΤΟΣ, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” ofΚαθηγητής a city area, the fromthere this, of (inartists, various Ιδρυτής και Πρόεδρος του Πανεπιστημίου, ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andΚωνστ. theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, However of και restaurants, Χρ. ΒΟΛΟΣetc. (πρώτη σειρά).this “change”, regardless the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Εξ αριστερών προς τα δεξιά: Υπουργός Παιδείας της Κύπρου, ο Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ και ο Ιδρυτής και Πρόεδρος του 328 2521 11 Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος Μιχ. ΛΕΠΤΟΣ.

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts withΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, onΠανεπιστήμιο this “principle” a first, ifΠάφος. not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Ημερίδα επί θεμάτων Διεθνούς Δικαίου. 1 (and urban gentrification gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), asΔεξιά the “refining” of a city the removal (in various όρθιος ομιλών ο Πρύτανης Καθηγητής Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually ofΠαντ. low-income and the placement there of artists, ΣΚΛΙΑΣ. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially ofΧΑΤΖΗΜΗΝΑ. part of the urban web, in Ειδική Εκδήλωση προς τιμήν του London ευπατρίδη Σωτηρ. 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Πρώτοςofεξways, αριστερών στην Abstract. πρώτη σειρά καθημένων ο Ιδρυτής και Πρόεδρος του Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ Μιχ. ΛΕΠΤΟΣ. Πρώτος εκ δεξιών καθήμενος ο Πρέσβης 330 2521 11 και Κοσμήτωρ του Πανεπιστημίου Γ. ΓΕΩΡΓΗΣ. Επί του βήματος ο Καθηγητής Κων. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ.

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Πανεπιστήμιο ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος, 2014. from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a Διευθυντής city area, from this, of (inartists, various Ομιλητής: Ανδρ. ΜΟΛΕΣΚΗΣ, Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ. ways), ofΔρ social groups, usually ofΓενικός low-income andthe theremoval placement there ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Δεξιά, ο Πρόεδρος Νομικής Σχολής Καθηγητής Κων. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ. the operation of της art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Πτυχίων, Τελετή Αποφοίτησης, and selling realCOLLINS estate, Επίδοση etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Πανεπιστήμιο ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Από αριστερά: Καθηγητής Κων. ΓΕ ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, δεξιά ο 331 2521 11 Ιδρυτής και Πρόεδρος Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ Μιχαλ. ΛΕΠΤΟΣ

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and Εορτή τηςasΚυπριακής Αεροπορίας, 8area, Νοεμβρίου 2019: Εξ αριστερών gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), the “refining” of a cityis the removal this, (in various προς τα δεξιά ο Υπουργός Άμυνας της Κύπρου, ο Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, καιlow-income ο Διοικητής της Αεροπορίας. ways), ofΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ social groups, usually of andΚυπριακής thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at theΣτην heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for φωτογραφία: Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous Ανδρέας lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and NewΧΑΡΑΛΑΜΠΟΥΣ, York she came back toΔιευθυντής London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Πανεπιστημιούπολης, μαζίaction με την University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Πρέσβειρα της Ιαπωνίας Κύπρο, her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH στην DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. LondonIzumi 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: SEKI, κατά πρόσφατη επίσκεψήinτης G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually στο Πανεπιστήμιο ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος. 332 2521 11

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Φοιτητές του Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, συνοδευόμενοι από τους Καθηγητές Sociology as well), as the “refining” of cityΜΙΧΑΗΛΙΔΗ area, fromthere this, (inστο various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement of artists, Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟ καιa Π. σε επίσκεψή τους ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Ανώτατο Δικαστήριο της Κυπριακής Δημοκρατίας. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, *** results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Ψηφιδωτό της αρχαίας cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Κυπριακής Πόλης ΚΟΥΡΙΟ. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe forπερίοδος. its more Ρωμαϊκή comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from various comprehensive approach are being summarized from theκαι various Εκφράζονται από την interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups θέση αυτή θερμές ευχαριστίες to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons:γιαhigh in money την costs προγενομένη τιμή and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where workπρος placeόλα is, τα lack of the Μέλη του termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Ι.Σ.Π.search “ΑΣΚΛΗΠΙΟΣ” Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart ofκαι theιδίως city”, (possibly) προς τις κυρίες Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she cameΑδρ. back ΕΥΡΙΠΙΔΟΥ, to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic Γυναικολόγο καιand Ιλ. University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying ΕΥΡΥΠΙΔΟΥ, Παιδίατρο. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ. 334 2521 11

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Καθηγητής Κωνστ. Διεθνής 1 (and ΓΕ. Based, therefore, onΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ., this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban δραστηριότητα. κστ’ εντολήν gentrification gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology asΣυντονιστής well), as theπρογράμματος “refining” of aΑνάπτυξης cityisarea, the removal (in various Ε.Ε. Δεξία Υπουργός Οικονομίας Αφρικανικού Κράτους. Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Φοιτητές του ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, έλαβαν an important study entitled: Berlin, where sheΠανεπιστημίου made her first studies. In 1932Πάφου she published services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for γιαlower πολλοστή φορά μέρος σε σειρά Επιστημονικών Ημερίδων επί living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came to back to London, Ευρωπαϊκών που πραγματοποιήθηκαν πρόσφαταInστις in According 1943 sheθεμάτων published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her socialτου research. brokers Her public and Βρυξέλες. Την συνολική διαδικασία συντόνισε ο εμπνευστής long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also:Κωνστ. COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. εγχειρήματος, Καθηγητής Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ and selling realCOLLINS estate,του etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: mémoire... ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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EΠIΘEΩPHΣH AΠOKENTPΩΣHΣ, TOΠIKHΣ AYTO∆IOIKHΣHΣ GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, KAI ΠEPIΦEPEIAKHΣ ANAΠTY�HΣ REVUE DE DECENTRALISATION, ADMINISTRATION Definition, Types ofD’intervention, Concerns of Gentrification LOCALE ET DE DEVELOPPEMENT REGIONAL Concerns LOCAL REVIEW OF DECENTRALIZATION,

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1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various KENTPO EΠIMOPΦΩΣHΣ MEΛETΩN EPEYNAΣ KAI ANAΠTY�HΣ Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually and theremoval placement Aστική of µη low-income κερδ�σκ�πική Eταιρεία ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever otherDE consequences has, results alsoDE rising of land prices (and theof CENTRE FORMATION DES ETUDES RECHERCHE ET DU whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the DEVELOPPEMENT potential relative Société sans potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is foundcivile at first inbut thelucratif UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor CENTER OFtrend EDUCATION RESEARCH the then observed of wealthy people toAND buy DEVELOPMENT property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stayCivil themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof not lucrative Association London, upgrade them, stay themselves*sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectlyYπεύθυν�ς “squeezed”. κατά τ�ν ν�µ�, Eκδ�τηςin /Editeur/Editor A description of this phenomenon is included the work of Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon isAΘANAΣOΠOYΛOΣ included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth Kαθηγητής Kωνστ. ΓE. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations in other major Prof. Const. GE. ATHANASSOPOULOS GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. * cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Eπιστηµ�νικ�ς Yπεύθυν�ς: Kαθηγητής Kωνστ. ΓE. AΘANAΣOΠOYΛOΣ Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from Responsable Scientifique: Professeur Const. GE. ATHANASSOPOULOS comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations ofResponsible: the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Scientific Professor Const. GE. ATHANASSOPOULOS interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: *a trend of a new In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, of social groups Σύµ��υλ�ς Έκδ�σης to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money EΛΛHNIKO KENTPO AΠOKENTPΩΣHΣ, and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the TOΠIKHΣ AYTO∆IOIKHΣHΣ KAI ΠEPIΦEPEIAKHΣ ANAΠTY�HΣ 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense of safety at the distributedConseiller residencies outside town centres, d’ édition Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) CENTER HELLENIQUE DEGermany DECENTRALISATION, Youth Unemployment. The same year she left and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.where D’ ADMINISTRATION LOCALE ET DE DEVELOPPEMENT REGIONAL studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Edition Counsellor University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying HELLENIC CENTER FOR LOCALDICTIONARY. her work are characterized by a passion forDECENTRALIZATION, justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in GOVERNMENT AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

∆ιευθύνεται υπ� Συντακτικής Eπιτρ�πής εκ Kαθηγητών Πανεπιστηµί�υ και Eιδικών Eπιστηµ�νων. Σύστηµα Kριτών. Dirigée par Comité de rédaction de Professeurs d’ Université et de Scientifiques Spécialisés Directed by Edition Board of University Professors and Specialized Scientists System of external evaluators * Tιµή τεύ��υς: 9 f Συνδρ�µές ετήσιες: Φιλίας: 300 ∆ηµ�σίων By Mr. George-Sp. C.fATHANASOPOULOS Yπηρεσιών, N.Π.∆. και I.∆., ∆ήµων, N�µαρ�ιακών Aυτ�δι�ικήσεων,Tραπε�ών, Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Eταιρειών: 150 f Iδιωτών: 30 f Φ�ιτητών: 25 15 f By Mr.US George-Sp. Architect E�ωτερικ�ύ: $ 100, 100 €C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Student of the School of Architecture Prix: 9 f Abonnements: Prix d’ ami: 300 f Services Publics, Personnes Morales de Technical University of Crete Droit Public ou Privé, Communes, Administrations Départementales, Banques, Sociétés: 150 f Individuels: 30 f Etudiants: 25 15 f 1. Introductory approach: Defining Etranger:the USconcept $ 100, 100 € 1. Introductory approach: the concept Price: 9 f Subscriptions: Friendship: 300 f (444 PublicBC Services, ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, - 370 BC, Athens), Legal Persons of Public orancient Private Law, Communities, Prefecture Administrations, ANTISTHENIS, the Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Banks, Societies: 150 f Individuals: 30 f among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. 25 f Abroad: US $ 100, 100 € Students: 15 acquisition of knowledge starts with the*indefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Υπεύθυνος Τυπογραφείου 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term Yπεύθυν�ς Tυπ�γρα�εί�υ gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification ΕΚΤΥΠΩΣΕΙΣ ΘΕΟΔΩΡΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ ΔΗΜΗΤΡΗΣ 1 EI∆IKH EK∆OTIKH A.E.E.B.E. gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Μάρνη 25, Πλ. Βάθης, Αθήνα, Xαλκ�κ�νδύλη 35,Tηλε�. Kέντρ�: (210) 5242177, (210) 5226641, FAX: (210) 5232409 Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various τηλ.: 210.5234559, φαξ: 2105203633, email: theogi@otenet.gr ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, *etc. However ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, “change”,there regardless of Tα δηµ�σιευ�µενα κείµενα απη��ύν τις απ�ψεις των Συντακτών τ�υς the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof καιother δεν δεσµεύ�υν την EΠIΘ. AYT. KAI ΠEP. AN. (and the whatever consequences has,AΠOK.,TOΠ. results also rising of land prices potential relative speculation). * potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Oι αναγγελίες εντ�ς πλαισί�υ των νέων εκδ�σεων απ�τελ�ύν πρ�σ��ρά The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early�ιλική 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor τ�υ Eπιστηµ�νικ�ύ Yπευθύν�υ τ�υ Περι�δικ�ύ πρ�ς τ�υς Συγγρα�είς τ�υς the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves*sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Bάσει τ�υ N. 2121/1993 και των σ�ετικών καν�νων τ�υ ∆ιεθν�ύς ∆ικαί�υ απαbeing indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work ofµεSociologist Ruth γ�ρεύεται η αναδηµ�σίευση ή η αναπαραγωγή (�λική ή µερική) �π�ι�ν δήπ�τε A description ofδήπ�τε this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, whileτων similar in other major τρ�π� και µε �π�ι� µέσ� κειµένων τ�υ παρ�ντ�ς, �ωρίς πρ�ηγ�ύµενη GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major έγγρα�η άδεια τ�υ εκδ�τ�υ. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Toute reproduction un extrait quelconque de scholars cette Revue, cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issued’has several andpar forquelque its more procédé que ce soit, et notamment par photocopie ou microfilm, est strictement Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the interdite. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations ofthe thematerial phenomenon of gentrification, the following:and may not The whole of appearing in this Review is a copyright be interpretations of theorphenomenon gentrification, following: In a sense,in the phenomenon is dueof tothe a trend of a new category reproduced whole in part without permission ofthe the Editor. of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus * for several reasons: high costs in money / Address and time to travel from the∆ιεύθυνση purlieus to/ Adresse downtown, where work place is, lack of the Ίµ�ρ�υ 6, 11257 Aθήναι, τηλ.: (210) 8647120, fax:centres, (210) 8658868 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS for wasbetter born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town search GR 11257, ATHENES / ATHENS, teleph.: (210) 8647120, Berlin,IMVROY where she 6, made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year left 8658868 Germany and after continuous movements for fax:she (210) lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, * in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and http : // library.panteion.gr/pandemos • Eλληνικά περι�δικά University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying * her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd.1106-91-71 London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ISSN

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Εκτάκτως τιμή αυτού του τεύχους 15 € 339 22 30 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, Σελ./P. ConcernsTypes of Gentrification -Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣConcerns / Const. GE. ATHANASOPOULOS: 1821 Οι χειρόγραφες εφημερίδες όπλο των επαναστατών και εμψύχωσης του λαού. ΤΕΥΧΟΣ Ν. 104/2021/ ΠΕΡΙΕΧΟΜΕΝΑ/SOMMAIRE/CONTENTS

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Η συμμετοχή Κυπρίων αγωνιστών στην Επανάσταση………………………………. Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS -Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ / By Const. GE. ATHANASOPOULOS: Τοις Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Εντευξομένοις, Ή Ηξιώθην χάριτος…………………………………………………………… By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect -Κυρ. ΜΗΤΣΟΤΑΚΗΣ: Ε.Ε. Επιτεύγματα και Προσδοκίες…………………………… Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete -Ναπ. ΜΑΡΑΒΕΓΙΑΣ: Νέα οικονομική πολιτική μετά την πανδημία;…………… -Ιωσ. ΠΑΠΑΔΑΤΟΣ: “Culture Matters” για την τουριστική ανάπτυξη και την 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept αξιοποίηση του πολιτιστικού αποθέματος…………………..…………………………… 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, -Νικ.ANTISTHENIS, Β. ΤΣΟΥΧΛΟΣ: Τοthe Ωδείο Αθηνών στη νέα εποχή……………………………….. ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the -Ιωάν. ΔΡΑΓΩΝΑΣ: Τέχνες και Πολιτισμός στα Ιόνια Νησιά. Η προσφορά the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. του Τ.Ε.Ι. therefore, Ιονίων Νήσων…………………………………………………………………………… acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, -J.-Cl.Based, JUNKER: Remise du titre de Docteur honoris causa enPlanning) droitthe determ urban gentrification) is area of (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various l’Université d’Athènes…………………………………………………………………………......... Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the this, (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually low-income and theremoval placement there of -Π. ΜΙΧΑΗΛΙΔΗΣ: Το έργο τηςof Ευρωπαϊκής Επιτροπής γιαfrom την Πρόληψη ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the of art galleries, etc. However this “change”, regardless τωνoperation Βασανιστηρίων και τηςrestaurants, Απάνθρωπης ή Ταπεινωτικής Μεταχείρισης ή of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof Τιμωρίας………………………………………………………………………………………………….. whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative -J.potential PAPADATOS, An. MAVROUDIS: The Greek Modernist……………... relative speculation). The term gentrification is found Sicilianos, at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to -Κωνστ. ΣΥΡΙΓΟΣ: Θύματα της πανδημίας Παιδιά και Έφηβοι. .………………… The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas -Ευγ.-Μ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ: «ΕΓΚΩΜΙΟΝ ΚΑΡΑΪΣΚΑΚΗ»…………………………. London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, staycircumstances…………………………………………….…… themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are -K. KARAMANLIS: The new being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon included in the work of Sociologist Ruth -Εξώφυλλο / Περιεχόμενα τ. 44/2006isΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α………………………………….. A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major -G. PAPANDREOU: We are expecting………………………………………………….……… GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. -Ακαδημία Αθηνών…………………………………………………………………………………… cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more -Γ. ΚΑΦΟΥΣΗΣ: Γεώργιος ΒΛΑΧΟΣ…………………………………………………………… Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from -Θ. ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΣ, Ηλ. ΠΛΑΣΚΟΒΙΤΗΣ, Β. ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ: Το «RESET” της comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: Ευρωπαϊκής Κίνδυνοι Ευκαιρίες………….…………………………. In a sense, Οικονομίας: theof phenomenon is dueκαι togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups -Αθαν. ΤΡΙΚΟΥΠΗΣ: Ιωσήφ Λιβεράλης (1819 1899)……………………………….. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel purlieusΚαθηγητού to downtown, work place lack of the -Τιμητικός Τόμοςfrom εις the Μνήμην Γ. where ΚΑΦΟΥΣΗ του is, Παντείου 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety theΠ.distributed residencies outside town centres, Πανεπιστημίου Κ. Επιστημών Αθηνών………………………………………………….. Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of Στ. health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Πρόλογος ΠΕΡΕΝΤΙΔΗΣ……………………………………………………………………… Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research inΗGeneva, Prague, London and car New York she came back to London, -Ελ. ΚΑΒΒΑΔΙΑ: επίσημη Ελληνική οικονομική εμπλοκή στην in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Βαλκανική…………………………………………………………………………………..……………. University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized byΔιακήρυξις a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. -Ιερ. Δ. ΠΙΝΤΟΣ: Ιδρυτική Ετ. Ερευν. Επαρχ. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of Οικονομίας………….. part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: -Olli REHN: Βουλγαρία και Ρουμανία………………………………………………….……... G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

-Εξώφυλλο / Περιεχόμενα τ. 1/1995 ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α……………………………….…. 67 -Β. ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ, Ε. ΜΠΑΚΟΓΙΑΝΝΗΣ, Χ. ΚΥΡΙΑΚΙΔΗΣ, Μ.-Κ. ΚΑΤΑΡΓΙΑ: Μεταβολές του χώρου στην Αθήνα της κρίσης………………………………………… 69 -Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ: Καθ. Ν.Ι. ΚΟΝΣΟΛΑΣ: Σύγχρονη Περιφερειακή Οικονομική Πολιτική……………………………………………………….. 70 By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS -Μ. ΚΟΥΛΟΥΜΠΗ, Χρ. ΚΑΝΤΖΙΟΥ, Ιων. ΒΛΑΣΣΗΣ: Ο Θεσμός του επιτελικού Harvardδιοίκηση University, Graduate School of Design, Student, 72 κράτους στην ελληνική δημόσια - προβλήματα και προοπτικές… By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect 80 -Επιστολή προς Μιχαλάκη ΛΕΠΤΟ……………………………………………………………. Student of the School of Architecture -Κ. ΣΤΕΡΙΑΔΟΥ: Τα φιλολογικά σαλόνια της Κωνσταντινούπολης……………. Technical University of Crete 81 -G. - Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS: The Traffic Light……………………………………….. 87 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept -Ιωάν. ΧΑΤΖΗΕΛΕΥΘΕΡΙΟΥ, Αθ. ΚΑΛΟΚΑΙΡΙΝΟΥ, Παν. ΣΟΥΡΤΖΗ, Κων. 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ΜΠΟΥΡΜΑΣ, Μαργ. the ΓΙΑΝΝΑΚΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ: Νοσηλευτική Φροντίδα Ασθενών ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he Διαφορετικής Πολιτισμικής Προέλευσης established στην Μ.Ε.Θ.a great Δημοσίου Νοσ. Ν.the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Αττικής…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 101 acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term -Μιχ.Based, ΓΚΙΟΚΑΣ: Το μήνυμα των καιρών……………………………………………….…….. 1 (and therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or 106 gentrification 1 -Ε. - Μ. C. ATHANASOPOULOU: ArtofAcademy in the Greece……………………………… gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or107 Sociology as well), as the “refining” a cityisarea, removal (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various -Π. ΜΗΛΙΑΡΑΚΗΣ: Μικροσύστημα και Ευρωσύστημα. Πρόλογος Ν. ΚΟΤΖΙΑ. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, 107 ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement ofand artists, -Il. PARGINOS: Export orientation andetc. itsHowever effect onthis the greek there small the operation of art galleries, restaurants, “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also risingduring of landan prices (and theof medium enterprises performance and viability economic whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative depression……………………………………………………………………………………………...... 108 potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to 123 -The Economist: Events: E.-M. K. ATHANASOPOULOU, Pianist…………………… The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor -Μαρ. ΚΟΥΤΣΟΦΤΑΣ: Προδικαστική 124 the then observed trend wealthyπαραπομπή……………………………………… people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof -Βασ. ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ: Κριτικά σημειώματα: Βασ. ΜΕΛΕΤΗ: Έμφυλα Πρόσωπα London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. σε Κρίση:………………………………………………………………………………………………….. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth 125 A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth129 -Γ.ΓΙΩΡΓΗΣ: Καποδίστριας……………………………………………………………….... GLASS at theΙ.Α. same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. -ΚΕΝΤΡΟ ΕΡΕΥΝΑΣ ΠΕΡΙΦΕΡΕΙΑΚΗΣ ΑΝΑΠΤΥΞΗΣ «Ιερ. Δ. ΠΙΝΤΟΣ και cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more 130 Αναστασία Ιερ. ΠΙΝΤΟΥ»…………………………………………………………………………. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from -Δ. ΧΑΡΟΝΤΑΚΗΣ: approach Οι ξένοι προτιμούν να… τρώνε σίδερα…………………………. comprehensive are being summarized below, from the various131 interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: -Υπουργείον Δημόσιας Τάξεως. Υπουργός……………………………………………….. 132 interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups -+Γ. Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ: Μια πρότασις δια την προβολήν της τουριστικής to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money ιδέας εις to τον Νομόν Καρδίτσης………………………………………………………………… and time travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 133 -Β. ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ, Μ. ΚΑΡΑΓΙΑΝΝΗ: Τοπικές Ανθρωποενότητες, 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASSτοπική wasbetter born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: ανάπτυξη, βιωσιμότητα. Απ. “at ΓΕΩΡΓΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ, Καθηγητής services of health, education,Πρόλογος: entertainment the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where134 Universitat Wien. Εκδόσεις: Ερωδιός………………………………………………………… studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher the135 According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and -Συνέδριο για το Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλίας………………………………………………. in University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying -Κωνστ. ΓΕ.characterized ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ: Καθιερώνεται θεσμός του μόνιμου her work are by a passion for justice. See also:οCOLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd.Μαΐου London1992.....………………………………….. 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: υφυπουργού; ΤΟ ΒΗΜΑ Κυριακή 24 136 G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually -Περιφέρεια Αττικής: Ομιλία Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ…………………….. 137 341 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

-Mαρ. Θ. ΤΡΟΥΠΗ: «Απόβαση» Νέων Ελλήνων και Κυπρίων Επιστημόνων και Φοιτητών στην έδρα της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης στις Βρυξέλλες……………. 138 -Νικ. ΡΑΠΤΗ: Διατάξεις για την ανάλωση κεφαλαίου προηγουμένων ετών. Προσαύξηση περιουσίας………………………………………………………………………….. 143 -Sp. - M. DELITHEOS: Ethics and Leadership: The example of Healthcare By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS 144 Sector………………………………………………………………………………………………………. Harvard University, Graduate School of Αναβάθμισης Design, Student, -Κ. ΣΑΛΩΝΙΤΗΣ, Π.Κ. ΒΟΥΡΝΑ: Αξιολόγηση Ενεργειακής By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect 149 Δημόσιου Κτηρίου……………………………………………………………………………………. Student of the School of Architecture -Αρτ. Δ. ΣΑΒΒΙΔΟΥ: Κράτος και Διαφθορά. Εθνικές και Διεθνείς Εκφάνσεις. Technical University of Crete Ετερόκλητες Προσεγγίσεις Διαχείρισης…………………………………………………… 150 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept -Ευγ. - Μαρ. Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ: Πολιτιστικές δράσεις του Α.Τ.Ε.Ι. Ιονίων 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, Νήσων………………………………………………………………………………………...................... 151 ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the -Ευστ. Β. ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΗΣ: Ζητήματα από τον εφαρμογή του Κλεισθένη………. 157 among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the -ЕВГЕНИЯ МАРИА АФАНАСОПУЛУ [Ευγενία-Μαρία ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ]: acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term ,,Краткое 1 (and urban Based,содержание therefore, onВыводы”……………………………………………………………… this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or 165 gentrification 1 -Β. ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ: Κριτικά σημειώματα: Δήμητρα ΝΟΥΣΗ: Σελίδες gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in the areathis, ofγραμμένες Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal from (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various από πείσμα………………………………………………………………………………………………. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, 168 ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, -Μ. LEPTOS: “What is the business model for innovation in your chosen the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has, results rising of land prices (and theof171 company?other How can it be improved?” TESLA also Inc………………………………………… whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative -Θ. ΠΑΠΑΜΙΧΑΗΛ: Ευ Πολιτεύεσθαι…………………………………………………………. 172 potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to 173 -Κληροδότημα Σπ. ΠΑΛΑΣΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ………………………………………………………. The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor -Χ. Ο αντίκτυπος της οικονομικής κρίσης στα inσυστήματα theΝΤΟΝΑΔΟΣ: then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof υγείας………………………………………………………………………………………………………. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are174 being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. -Στ. ΓΕΩΡΓΙΟΥ: τηςis included μη λεκτικής επικοινωνίας στην A description of Η thisεπίδραση phenomenon in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth175 αποτελεσματικότητα της εκπαιδευτικής διαδικασίας……………………………… GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities Western countries,- by other Researchers. -Κατ. in ΚΩΝΣΤΑΝΤΙΝΙΔΗ ΒΛΑΔΙΜΗΡΟΥ: Ψηφιακός μετασχηματισμός: νέα cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more 183 κατεύθυνση στην εκπαιδευτική διοίκηση…………………………………………………. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from -Ευγ.-Μ. Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ: Περί Ελευθερίας……………………………………….. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various187 interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: -Ευάγ. ΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΟΥ………………………………………………………………………………….. 189 interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups -Πην. ΠΑΠΠΑ: Οι αλλαγές που επέφερε η πανδημία στον τρόπο λειτουργίας to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money της time διοίκησης ανθρώπινου δυναμικού στις επιχειρήσεις τουplace δημόσιου and to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work is, lackκαι of the του ιδιωτικού τομέα…………………………………………………………………………………. 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in191 sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: -Ελ. ΒΟΜΒΟΛΑΚΗΣ: Ο κόσμοςentertainment της Αρχιτεκτονικής τηνcity”, εξέλιξη της services of health, education, “at the μέσα heartαπό of the (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. Μαθηματικής Σκέψης……………………………………………………………………… studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where194 in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacherσε in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and -Στ. ΣΕΦΕΡ-ΚΑΒΒΑΔΙΑΣ: Βελτίωση της φαρμακευτικής αγωγής εθισμού University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying οπιοειδή μέσω παρατεταμένης αποδέσμευσης her work are characterized by a passion for justice. Seeναλτρεξόνης……………………. also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY.198 and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: -Στ. ΜΗΤΡΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ, κ.άλ.: Σύγκριση των2009. διαφορετικών προσεγγίσεων G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually των θεωριών προσωπικότητας………………………………………………………………… 202 342 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

-Β. ΠΑΠΑΓΙΑΝΝΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ: Γνωσιο - κεντρική και Κοινωνιο - κεντρική προσέγγιση και το μοντέλο του Κριτικού Εγγραμματισμού………………………. 205 -EUROPEAN COMMISION: Programme Greek University Professors………….. 209 -AVOCAT A LA COUR, Luxembourg:…………………………………………………………… 211 -OECD: PROGRAMME VISIT TO THE OECD ATHENS UNIVERSITY……………… 212 -Δ. ΤΖΙΟΝΗ: Πώς αποτυπώνεται η George-Sp. γυναίκα C. στην εξτρεμιστική By Mr. ATHANASOPOULOS University, Graduate School of Design, Student, 213 τρομοκρατική βία από ταHarvard Μ.Μ.Ε.;…………………………………………………………….. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect 218 -Βας. ΠΑΠΑΓΙΑΝΝΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ, κ.άλ.: Γυναίκα και Επιχειρηματικότητα………… Student of the School of Architecture -Ανδρ. Π. ΧΑΡΑΛΑΜΠΟΥΣ: Γεωπολιτική και Γεωστρατιγική τηςCrete TechnicalΑνατομία University of Ανατολικής Μεσογείου…………………………………………………………………………….. 219 Introductory approach: the concept -Μ.1.ΠΑΠΑΓΙΑΝΝΗ: ΔιαχείρισηDefining γνώσης……………………………………………………… 220 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), 221 -Ioan. MARKATOU: Foreign Direct Investment…………………………………………… ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a κύριες great the 222 -Στέλ. ΜΟΛΕΣΚΗ: Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση: Θεσμικό πλαίσιο, πολιτικές… among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. -Ελ. ΓΑΒΡΙΗΛ: Η διαχείριση μη σύννομων δράσεων εντός της Ευρωπαϊκής acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Ένωσης……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 223 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 -Ιλ. ΕΥΡΙΠΙΔΟΥ: Ηγέτης και Πειθαρχία………………………………………………………. gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or224 Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various -Ανδρ. ΕΥΡΙΠΙΔΟΥ: Στρες και Ηγεσία………………………………………………………… Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various225 ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, -Πανεπιστήμιο ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ: Προγράμματα Σπουδών…………………………………. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of 226 the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof227 -Ελ. ΖΑΧΑΡΙΟΥΔΑΚΗΣ: Η Ηλεκτρονική Διακυβέρνηση………………………………. whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the228 potential relative WITHOUT speculation). -Θ. ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΣ: COMPASS?............................................................................. potential relative speculation). term gentrification is found first in the εισαγωγής UK in early 1960s and it refers to -Δ. The ΣΚΑΡΛΟΣ, Αν. ΚΑΤΣΗ: Η at πρόκληση της κοινωνικής The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor επιχειρηματικότητας στην of εκπαίδευση……………………………………………………. 230 the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof -Μυρ. ΛΟΪΖΙΔΗ-ΠΑΠΑΝΑΣΤΑΣΙΟΥ: Μεταρρυθμίσεις Οργανισμούς London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes thereστους and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Τ.Α. Η περίπτωση της Κύπρου………………………………………………………………….. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth 231 A description ofτου thisσχολικού phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth232 -Γ. ΣΑΒΒΑ: Ο ρόλος ηγέτη……………………………………………………. GLASS at the same period, while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major -Χρ. ΠΑΝΑΓΗ: Αξιολόγηση Προσωπικού ……………………………………………..…….. 233 cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more 234 -K. ZENIOU: Implementations of Web 2.0 in Academic Libraries…………………. Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive arepreoccupied being summarized from -Λ. ΚΟΥΦΑΚΗ: Ηapproach συμβολή των γυναικών της Ρούμελης στην Επανάσταση comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: του 1821……………………………………………………………………………………………...…... 235 interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups -Γ. ΜΕΗ: Στοιχειοθέτηση ισχυρού κλονισμού έγγαμης σχέσης………………….. 236 to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money -Χρ. Β. ΚΩΤΣΙΑΣ: Τρέχουσες Οικονομικές Γεωπολιτικές Εξελίξεις και and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Εκτιμήσεις……………………………………………………………………………………….……….. 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in237 sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: -Ανδρ. Γ.ofΧΑΡΑΛΑΜΠΟΥΣ: Τοentertainment Σύστημα Υγείας services health, education, “atτης theΚύπρου……………………….. heart of the city”, (possibly) 238 Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for -Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ: Ευαγόρας ΠΑΛΛΗΚΑΡΙΔΗΣ…………………….. lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.where239 studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came to back to London, in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher the240 According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and -Arg. BENTENIOTIS: The Greek Haircut and the positions of Investors………..in University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying -Δ. Πανελλήνιος Αρχιτεκτονικός Διαγωνισμός Προσχεδίων herΤΣΑΚΑΛΑΚΗΣ: work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Encyclopedia: με θέμα: «Ανάδειξη και επανάχρηση Δυτικών Νεωρίων και Free ευρύτερου G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually περιβάλλοντος χώρου» Ηράκλειο…………………………………………………………….. 241 21 343 25 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

-Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ: Δραστηριότητες……………………………………… 242 -Γ. ΜΑΡΗΣ: Ο νομιζόμενος κόσμος της Ε.Ε………………………………………………… 246 -Μιχ. ΣΤΑΣΙΝΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ…………………………………………………………………………….. 247 -Κωνσταντίνος ΚΑΡΑΜΑΝΛΗΣ…………………………………………………………………. 247 -Διάλεξη Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ: Παριστάμενος μεταξύ άλλων Χρ. ΣΑΡΖΕΤΑΚΗΣ…………………………………………………………………………………………… By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS 248 Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, 249 -Κωνστ. ΣΤΕΦΑΝΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ……………………………………………………………………… By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect 250 -Ημέρα Ενόπλων Δυνάμεων……………………………………………………………………… Student of the School of Architecture -Κάρολος ΠΑΠΟΥΛΙΑΣ…………………………………………………………………………….… Technical University of Crete251 -Νίκ. ΑΝΑΣΤΑΣΙΑΔΗΣ……………………………………………………………………………….. 252 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept -Α.Β.Ι……………………………………………………………………………………………………...… 253 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), 254 -Σ.Ε.Θ.Α…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise Επιτροπή…………………………………………………………………….. heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the 255 -Ε.Ε.:ANTISTHENIS, Στρατιωτική among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. -Π. ΚΑΝΕΛΛΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ………………………………………………………………………………. 256 acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term -Α. ΔΙΑΜΑΝΤΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ…………………………………………………………………………….. 256 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 -Υπουργείο Δημόσιας Τάξης Ελλάδος……………………………………………………….. gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or257 Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various -Σ.Ε.Θ.Α.: Καθηγητές…………………………………………………………………………………. Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various257 ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, -Γραφείο Τύπου Πρεσβείας Ελλάδος, Βρυξέλλες………………………………………. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of 258 the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof259 -Διάλεξη Ντόρας ΜΠΑΚΟΓΙΑΝΝΗ……………………………………………………………… whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the260 potential speculation). -Δεξίωσηrelative εν Αθήναις προς τιμήν Νέων Επιστημόνων…………………………..……. potential relative speculation). The term gentrification at first in the in early 1960s and it refers to -Επίδοση Βεβαιώσεων is found Συμμετοχής σε UK Επιστημονικές Ημερίδες The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Βρυξελλών……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 261 the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof -Ευρωπαϊκό Κοινοβούλιο: Συνεργασίες Κωνστ. ΓΕ.there ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ…….. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents are262 being indirectly “squeezed”. -Δεξίωση εν Αθήναις προς τιμήν isΣυμμετασχόντων σε ofΕπιστημονικές being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon included in the work Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth263 Ημερίδες στις Βρυξέλλες……………………………………………………………………….….. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major -The American Research Association……………………….. 264 cities in WesternBiographical countries, byInstitute other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more 264 -Υποτροφία……………………………………………………………………………………………… Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied beingκαι summarized from -Διάφορες συνεργασίες εν Βρυξέλλες εν Ελλάδι……………………………..…. 265 comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: -Βραβείον Δικηγορικού Συλλόγου Αθηνών……………………………………………..… 266 interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups -Αεροπορική Ακαδημία Ελλάδος………………………………………………………………. 267 to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money -Υποτροφία…………………………………………………………………………………..………… and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 268 -Υπουργείο Δημόσιας Τάξης Ελλάδος……………………………………………………….. 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in269 sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: -Δραστηριότητες ΓΕ. entertainment ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ, Παρίσι…………. services of health, Κωνστ. education, “at theΒρυξέλλες, heart of the city”, (possibly) 270 Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for -Επιστημονικές δραστηριότητες Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ, lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher the271 According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and Βρυξέλλες…………………………………………………………………………………………………in University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying -Διάλεξη Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ, Δ.Σ.Α………………………………………….. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY.272 and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 273 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: -Εταιρεία Διοικητικών Μελετών, Πρόεδρος Γ.Μ. ΠΑΠΑΧΑΤΖΗΣ………………… G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually -ΖΙΜΒΑBWE…………………………………………………………………………………………...… 274 21 344 25 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

-Βρυξέλλες, Επιτροπή, Π. ΚΑΡΒΟΥΝΗΣ………………………………………………..……. 275 -Επίδοση Βεβαιώσεων σε Φοιτητές, Αθήναι……………………………………….…….. 275 -Εταιρεία Διεθνών Δημοσίων Σχέσεων……………………………………………………… 276 -Συνέδριο AIESEC: Θέμα: Βιομηχανία………………………………………………………... 276 -Αννα ΔΙΑΜΑΝΤΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ, Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, Ημερίδα, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS 277 Βρυξέλλες……………………………………………………………………………………………...…. Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, 277 -Εκπρόσωποι Πανεπιστημίων ΠΑΝΤΕΙΟΝ Κ.Π.Ε. και ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος…… By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect -Βρυξέλλες, Συμμετέχοντες σε Επιστημονικές Ημερίδες………………………….… 278 Student of the School of Architecture -Αθήναι, Μνημείον Αγνώστου Στρατιώτου, ΚατάθεσηTechnical Στεφάνων………………. University of Crete279 -Αθ. ΔΟΥΣΗΣ: Η προστασία του Περιβάλλοντος………………………………………... 280 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept -Γαλλική Τιμητική Διάκριση του Κων. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ……………….…… 281 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, -Δημοσίευση παραίτησης………………………………………………………………………….. 282 ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the -Παρουσίαση βιβλίου Θάνου Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ…………………………………… 282 among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the -Δημοσιογραφικές Προσωπικότητες………………………………………………………… 283 acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term -Δραστηριότητες εν: Ο.Τ.Α.Ν., Κύπρου και Αθήναις…………………………………… 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or 284 gentrification 1 -Αναζητώντας την Γ. ΠΑΠΑΝΔΡΕΟΥ μεthe νέους Δημοσιογράφους….. gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or285 Sociology as well), asΕίδηση: the “refining” of a cityisarea, removal (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various -Έλληνες Ομογενείς Η.Π.Α. συζητούν με τον Πρωθυπουργό Γ. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, ΠΑΠΑΝΔΡΕΟΥ………………………………………………………………………………………….. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of 286 the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof286 -Συνέδριο other Ελλήνων Ομογενών Η.Π.Α…………………………………………………………. whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative -Καθηγητής Ιερ. Δ. ΠΙΝΤΟΣ / Πρόεδρος W. BRANDT………………………………….. 287 potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK inΌργανα early 1960s and it refers to 287 -Έλληνες Καθηγητές Πανεπιστημίων επισκέπτονται της Ε.Ε………. The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor -Κέντρ. Έρευνας Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης Ιερ. ΠΙΝΤΟΣ………………………. 288 the then observed trend wealthy people toΔ.there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof -Δεξίωση Σχολής Αξιωματικών Ελληνικής Αστυνομίας………………………………. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are288 being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. -Δημοσιογράφοι Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης: Β. A description ofεπιμορφώνουν this phenomenonΣτελέχη is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth289 ΛΑΜΠΡΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, ΤΑΣΣΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ…………………………………………………. GLASS at the sameΙωάν. period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities Western countries, by other Researchers. -ΝίκηinΓΟΥΛΑΝΔΡΗ…………………………………………………………………………………… 289 cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more -Ίκαρος ΚΑΝΕΛΛΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, Ρένα Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from ΚΑΠΙΤΣΑΛΑ: Μήπως γνωρίζετε;…………………………………………………………….….. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various290 interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: -Δεξίωση εν Αθήναις…………………………………………………………………………………. 290 interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups -Πανεπιστήμιο ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος……………………………………………………..……… to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money 291 -Δραστηριότητες εν Βρυξέλλες……………………………………………………………..…… and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 292 -The ECONOMIST: Ε. Μ. ATHANASOPOULOU, Pianist………………………….……. 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in293 sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: -Aarhus, Denmark…………………………………………………………………………………….. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) 294 Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of,Σπουδών……………………………………………………………………….. “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where295 -Σ.Ε.Θ.Α.: Έναρξη studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher the296 According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and -Κ.Ε.Π.Α. Ιέρ. ΠΙΝΤΟΣ: Εκδήλωση…………………………………………………………….…in University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying -Νέοι Δημοσιογράφοι……………………………………………………………………………….. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY.296 and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: -Δραστηριότητες Ελλήνων Αιρετών / London Γ.Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ…………………… 297 G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually -Κ.Ε.Π.Α. Ι. ΠΙΝΤΟΣ: Απονομή Βραβείων…………………………………………………..... 296 345 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

-Κληροδότημα Σπ. ΠΑΛΑΣΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ, Ελάτεια…………………………………………. 299 -«Το Τέρας» της Γραφειοκρατίας…………………………………………………………….. 300 -Απονομή Βεβαιώσεων……………………………………………………………………………... 301 -Βασίλης ΒΑΣΙΛΙΚΟΣ: ΤΑ ΣΙΛΟ…………………………………………………………….……. 302 -Επίδοση Βεβαιώσεων Συμμετοχής σε δραστηριότητες Βρυξελλών………….. 303 Byδραστηριότητες Mr. George-Sp. C. -Επίδοση Βεβαιώσεων Συμμετοχής σε εν ATHANASOPOULOS Βρυξέλλες…….…. 304 Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, -Επίδοση Βεβαιώσεων Συμμετοχής σε δραστηριότητες Βρυξελλών……….…. 305 By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect 306 -Prodromos MAVRIDIS: La Securite Sociale……………………………………………….. Student of the School of Architecture -Ίδρυμα ΩΝΑΣΗ: Διάλεξη Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ………………………….. Technical University of Crete307 -Γιάγκος ΠΕΣΜΑΖΟΓΛΟΥ………………………………………………………………………….. 308 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept -Βρυξέλλες: Επιστημονικές Ημερίδες………………………………………………………… 309 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, -Πάντειον Π.Κ.Π.Ε.: επίδοση Πτυχίων………………………………………………………… 310 ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the -Επιστημονικές δραστηριότητες εν Βρυξέλλες……………………………….………….. 311 among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the -Επιστημονικές δραστηριότητες εν Βρυξέλλες………………………………………….. 312 acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term -Εκδήλωση Αποφοίτησης, Πανεπιστήμιο 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inHARVARD………………………………….. a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) indicated area of Planning) (or 313 gentrification 1 -Επιστημονικές δραστηριότητες, Παρίσι, gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or314 Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityΑθήναι…………………………….………... the removal (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various -Βιβλιοθήκη Πανεπιστημίου U.L.B……………………………………………………..….…... ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, 315 ways), ofPress. social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, -Foreign the operation of Assoc………………………………………………………………………………… art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of 316 the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also Ηθικών rising of και landΠνευματικών prices (and theof -Δραστηριότητες του Κέντρου Προώθησης whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential Αξιών. Δ. relative ΚΑΡΛΟΣ…………………………………………………………………………..….……… 317 potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to 318 -Επιβράβευση έργων ευποιίας………………………………………………………….………. The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor -Δημοτικά Τραγούδια Δυτικής Θεσσαλίας ιδίως της περιοχής the then observed trend wealthy people to και buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof Σοφάδων……………………………………………………………………………………………...….. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are319 being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. -Άρης ΓΑΡΟΥΦΑΛΗΣ……………………………………….………………………………………... A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth 320 A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth320 -Πάντειον Κ.Π.Ε…………………………………………………………………………….. GLASS at Πανεπ. the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Σπουδή. Researchers. -Το τραύμα ως χωρική ασυνέχεια. Γ. - Σπ. Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ….. 321 cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more -Μετεκπαίδευση Αξιωματικών ΕΛΑΣ - EUROPA COLLEGE…………………………. 322 Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from -Βασ. ΑΡΤΙΝΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ……………………………………………………………………………… comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various323 interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: -Συμβούλιο της Επικρατείας……………………………………………………………..………. 323 interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups -Ν. ΑΝΑΣΤΑΣΙΑΔΗΣ / Μιχ. Γ. ΛΕΠΤΟΣ………………………………………………...……... to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money 324 -Μιχ.time Γ. ΛΕΠΤΟΣ………………………………………………………………………………...……... and to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 325 -Παντ. Μ. ΛΕΠΤΟΣ…………………………………………………………………………….………. 1. The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in326 sense of safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: -Δικαστήριο Πάφου………………………………………………………………………….………. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) 326 Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc.where327 -Στελέχη Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος, Γ. ΛΕΠΤΟΣ………………………….. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she came to back to London, in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher the328 According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and -Εκδήλωση Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος………………………………………….in University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying -Υπουργός τηςbyΚύπρου………………………………………………………………. her work areΠαιδείας characterized a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY.328 and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: -Δωρεά Κικής Μ. ΛΕΠΤΟΥ……………………………………………………………………..…. 329 G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually -Παντ. ΣΚΛΙΑΣ…………………………………………………………………………………...……... 330 346 2521 11

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences Εις has,ανάμνησιν… results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative «Καραγκούνα»: Τυπική ενδυμασία των Γυναικών potential relative speculation). The term gentrification isτου found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Θεσσαλικού The term gentrification found atpeople first inΚάμπου. the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. -Γ. ΓΙΩΡΓΗΣ…………………………………………………………………………………..…………. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth 330 A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth331 -Ανδρέας ΜΟΛΕΣΚΗΣ………………………………………………………………………..……... GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major -Τελετή Αποφοίτησης, Πανεπιστήμιο ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ,……………………………………… 331 cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more 332 -Υπουργός Άμυνας της Κύπρου……………………………………………………………..…. Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from -Διευθυντής Πανεπιστημιούπολης ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος,…………………………..… 332 comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: -Εφημερίδα ΤΑΧΥΔΡΟΜΟΣ της Πάφου, Διευθυντής Π. ΜΕΛΑΪΣΗΣ………..….. 333 interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups -Ανώτατο Δικαστήριο Κύπρου………………………………………………………………….. 334 to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money -Ιατρικός Σύλλογος Πάφου «ΑΣΚΛΗΠΙΟΣ»……………………………………………..… and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 334 -Ημερίδα περί θεμάτων 1.of The termat comes fromΤρομοκρατίας……………………………………………….……. Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in335 sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made herΚύπρου……………………………………………………………..…. first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled:335 -Αστυνομική Ακαδημία services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for -Υπουργός Εσωτερικών σε Δήμους της Ελεύθερης περιοχής lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access to markets, etc.where336 studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she cameΑμμοχώστου.. back to London, in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher the337 According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and -Διεθνείς δραστηριότητες…………………………………………………………………………in University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying -Απόβαση Ελλήνων Επιστημόνων Βρυξέλλες……………………………………... her work are characterized by a passion στις for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY.337 and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 338 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: -Εκδότης, Επιστημονικός Υπεύθυνος……………………………………………….………. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually - Περιεχόμενα…………………………………………………………………………………………… 340 21 347 25 11

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