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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete
1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, Κείμενα, Αναδημοσιεύσεις, Άλλα στοιχεία ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition the content of concepts. the Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ / Const.ofGE. ATHANASOPOULOS acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term * Ευγεν. Μ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ * Γ.ΚΑΦΟΥΣΗΣ * the term 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, (or gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) 1 (andΝ. ΜΑΡΑΒΕΓΙΑΣ * Στ. ΠΕΡΕΝΤΙΔΗΣ *areathis, gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually low-income and theremoval placement Ιερ. Δ.ofΠΙΝΤΟΣ * Κ. ΣΥΡΙΓΟΣ * fromthere ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless ΣΤΡΑΤΙΩΤΙΚΗ ΕΠΙΤΡΟΠΗ ΕΥΡΩΠΑΪΚΗΣ ΕΝΩΣΗΣ, ΠΡΟΕΔΡΟΣ * of the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof ΤΟresults ΒΗΜΑalso rising of land prices (and the whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ buy property in poor Γ.Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ * Ευγ. Γ. the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof Τεύχοςsometimes 1, 1995 there and thus old residents are London, upgrade them, stay themselves being indirectly “squeezed”. ΑΠΟΚΕΝΤΡΩΣΗΣ ΤΟΠΙΚΗΣ being indirectly “squeezed”. A description ofΕΠΙΘΕΩΡΗΣΗ this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere theΑΝΑΠΤΥΞΗΣ work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at theΑΥΤΟΔΙΟΙΚΗΣΗΣ same whileΚΑΙ similar recorded in other major ΠΕΡΙΦΕΡΕΙΑΚΗΣ GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Διεύθ. Μεταφραστικού: and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Ε. - Μ. Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ termat comes fromΕικοστό Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruthέκδοσης GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search έβδομο έτος συνεχούς Διοικητ. Υπηρεσίες: Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Epitheorisi-athanasopoulos.webnode.gr Ε. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Α. ΚΥΡΑΓΓΕΛΟΥ Επιστημονικός Υπεύθυνος Έκδοσης in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 she teacher in the to another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate,Facebook.com/Κωνσταντίνος etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Ε-mail: kongeathan@gmail.com 2521 11 Researchgate.com/Googlescolar.com Τηλ.:0030/6944.626140, 0030/210.8647120, Fax:0030/210.8658868
Τεύχος / Ν. 106 ΑΘΗΝΑΙ / ATHENES / ATHENS 20211
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KˆÓÛÙ·ÓÙ›ÓÔ˜ °E. A£ANA™O¶OY§O™ competence of state affairs in¶·ÓÂ. their Region, based on EÈÛÙËÌ., Article 101 of current K·ıËÁËÙ‹˜ ¶·ÓÙ›Ԣ KÔÈÓ. Î·È ¶ÔÏ. 3 Constitution. ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙËÌ›Ô˘ AıËÓÒÓ (EÈÛÎ.), AbolitionEx of Ch.L.U.L. the 13 Regions of the Government Decree of 6/3/1987. 13 new Bruxelles, Ex Int. I.I.A.P., Paris Regions come in their place (Organizations of second grade local government) along with municipalities (Organizations of first grade) as an expression of ΤΕΥΧΟΣ Ν.the 106/2021/ ΠΕΡΙΕΧΟΜΕΝΑ/SOMMAIRE/CONTENTS popular sovereignty, they consist a fundamental institution of the Greek public life, as guaranteed by the provisions of Article 102 of the current Constitution4 andΣελ./P. the By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS 5 E¶IKOINøNIA European Charter of Local Self-Government. Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, -Περιεχόμενα…………………………………………………………………………………………… 2 Abolition from 1/1/2011KOINH of the Prefecture, Local Government of second grade, By°NøMH Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect -Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ / Const. GE. ATHANASOPOULOS: Τοις Student of thewas School Architecture as it was provided by EI¢H Law 1622/1986 (which ultimately not of implemented ¢HMO™IOTHTA™ Εντευξομένοις: Οι αναπτυξιακές αρμοδιότητεςTechnical των Περιφερειών: University of Crete AN£Pø¶INE™ ™XE™EI™ Ετερόκλητες προσεγγίσεις, τρέχουσες πρακτικές…………………………………… 3 ¢IAºHMI™H 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept -Ναπ. ΜΑΡΑΒΕΓΙΑΣ: Νέα οικονομική πολιτική μετά την πανδημία;…………… 6 1. approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), 3. Introductory Article 101 of current Constitution 1975/1986/2001/2008: MARKETING ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, -Κ. ΣΥΡΙΓΟΣ: Θύματα τηςisπανδημίας Παιδιάtoκαι .………………………… 8 ñ State’s administration organized according theΈφηβοι. decentralized system. ¶PO¶A°AN¢A the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise division heritage he left us, established a great the ñ Administrative ofΠροβολή the country ishe formed on the basis of geo-economic, social and 10 -+Γ. ANTISTHENIS, Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ: τουριστικής ιδέας..…………………………… among wise TO heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: «¶PO´ON» TøN ME™øN transportother conditions. concepts. the 11 acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content -ΠΑΝΤΕΙΟ Π.Κ.Π.Ε.: Γ.MAZIKH™ ΚΑΦΟΥΣΗΣ………..………………………………………………….. ñ Regional Institutions of starts the State generally have decisive competence on issues of their E¶IKOINøNIA™ acquisition of knowledge with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this apart “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term province. Central Government, from special cases, has the general direction, coordination 12 -ΠΑΝΤΕΙΟ Π.Κ.Π.Ε.: Στ. ΠΕΡΕΝΤΙΔΗΣ………………………………………………………. 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term ENNOIA KAI £EøPHTIKH £EME§Iø™H (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification and control of legitimacy of the Regional institutions as provided by law. 1 (and -Ιερ. Δ. ΠΙΝΤΟΣ: Ιδρυτική Διακήρυξις Ε.Ε.Ε.Ο. …………………………………………. TøN ¢HMO™IøN ™XE™EøN gentrification urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or 13 ñ Common legislator and Administration, when theythe actremoval normative, theythis, are obliged to take Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, from (in various into account the special conditions of island and mountainous areas, ensuring their growth. -ΤΟ ΒΗΜΑ: Δ.well), ΧΑΡΟΝΤΑΚΗΣ / of Κωνστ. Sociology as as the “refining” of aΓΕ. cityΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ………………….. area, removal fromthere this, of (inartists, various 15 OI «APXE™» TøN ¢HMO™IøN ™XE™EøN ways), of social groups, usually low-income andthe the placement Article ways), of 101A social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, -ΔΗΜΟΤΙΚΑ ΤΡΑΓΟΥΔΙΑ ΔΥΤΙΚΗΣ ΘΕΣΣΑΛΙΑΣ……………………………………….. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of 16 H OP°ANø™H TøN Y¶HPE™IøN Where Constitution provides for the establishment and operation of an Independent the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of TøN ¢HMO™IøN ™XE™EøN whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the Authority, its Members are appointed for a fixed tenure and they are governed by personal -Ευγ.-Μαρ. Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ: Καταγραφή στην αχλύ του Μύθου and functional independence, as specified by law. whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative TA speculation). ME™A TøN ¢HMO™IøN ™XE™EøN Δημοτικών Τραγουδιών…………………………………………………………………………… 17 4. Article 102 of the Constitution 1975/1986/2001/2008: potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to TY¶O™, PA¢IOºøNIA, TH§EOPA™H ñ Administration of local affairs belongs to Local Government Organizations of first and second -Στρατιωτική Επιτροπή Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, Πρόεδρος / Καθηγητής The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to the then observed trend ofiswealthy grade. INTERNET to buy property in poor areas of 23 Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ………………………………………………………………… of wealthy sometimes people buy property in poor areas of theTo then observed trend Local Government Organizations there isto presumption of competence for the London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and thus old residents are TOthemselves ¢E§TIO TY¶OY -Επιθεώρηση Αποκέντρωσης, Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης και Περιφερειακής administration of local affaires. Law defines the extendthere and types of local affairs andare the London, upgrade them, stay sometimes and thus old residents being indirectly “squeezed”. distribution between each grade. Law may ¢HMO™IøN delegate to Local Government organizations the H ¢EONTO§O°IA TøN ™XE™EøN Ανάπτυξης, τεύχος being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of 1/1995……………………………………………………………………….. this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth 24 exercise of powers that consist state’s mission. NOMIKE™ PY£MI™EI™ A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is administrative included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth -Εκδότης, Υπεύθυνος……………………………………………….………. ñ Local Government Organizations have and financial Their 26 GLASS at Επιστημονικός the same while similar situations recorded inautonomy. other major authorities are elected by universal and secret voting, as provided byrecorded law. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were in other major H TEXNIKH TH™ ¶PO™ø¶IKH™ ¶POBO§H™ cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. ñ Law may provide the establishment of compulsory or voluntary associations of Local cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied otheror Researchers. EI¢IKA £EMATA ¢HMO™IøN ™XE™EøN for its more Since then, the issue has several scholars Government Organizations for works provision of services. Theseand associations may be andthe for various its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars administrated by elected bodies comprehensive approach TH™ are being summarized below, from H ¶EPI¶Tø™H E§§HNIKH™ A™TYNOMIA™ ñ State exercises supervision over Government Organizations, which concerns solely to comprehensive approach areLocal being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: legitimacy control and it is not allowed to block their initiative and freedom of action. Legitimacy interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is a trend new category of social groups Aı‹Ó·È, 2010of asanctions control is exercised as provided bydue law.to Disciplinary to elected bodies of local apart casesthe involving automatic deduction or idleness, are being applied toadministration, “return” to the city,from leaving purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money only with the consent of a Council, consisted at majority of regular judges, as provided by law. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the ñ The State takes all the legislative, regulatory and fiscal measures needed to ensure economic GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better independence and providesEπείγ�υσα the necessary resources for the accomplishment of the tasks and the ανακ�ίνωση Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published ansimultaneous important study entitled: exercise of competences of Local Government Organizations with ensuring of of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for services Youth Unemployment. The �σ�ι same επιθυµείτε year she left Germany anddefines after continuous transparency in the management of these resources. Law the relative with the and Παρακαλείσθε θερµώς να λαµ�άνετε τακτικώς στ� µέλλ�ν lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.where she came to back totheir London, studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and distribution, among Local Government Organizations ofNew taxesYork or fees, determined in favour, and την EΠIΘEΩPHΣH AΠOKENTPΩΣHΣ TOΠIKHΣ in 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 she teacher the and According to Each another approach, the isAYTO∆IOIKHΣHΣ due tobecame a systematic collected by State. transferral of competences from state’s central or regional bodies toin Local University College of London, where she continued her social Her and 120research. Φεβρουαρίου 2022 μ.Χ. KAI ΠEPIΦEPEIAKHΣ �πως µέ�ρι �κτω�ρί�υ 2012 µ.X. Government implies transfer of corresponding resources. Law provides the public relative regarding long-term informal effort ANAΠTY�HΣ, by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying work are by arevenues passiondirectly for justice. See also: COLLINS organizations. ENGLISH DICTIONARY. her definition andcharacterized collecting of local fromεπ’ Local Government απ�στείλετε την συνδρ�µή σας �ν�µατι and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially ofκυρίας part of the urban web, in 5.edit. Because of their importance, issues of Local2009. Government Organizations have become COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 10th Wil. A.of KYPAΓΓEΛOY, Ίµ�ρ�υ 6, 11257 Aθήναι subject series Conferences, International Conferences as well as regulations G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actuallyat a Gentrification: varietyofofa ways, ή να επικ�ινωνήσετε σ�ετικώς µε την Γραµµατεία Έκδ�σης, 2521 11 14 24 τηλ. (210) 8647120, 6944 626140, fax (210) 8658868
GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns
Eντευξομένοις ∆ιευθύνεται υπ� Συντακτικής Eπιτρ�πής εκ KαθηγητώνΤοις Πανεπιστηµί�υ και Eιδικών Eπιστηµ�νων. Σύστηµα Kριτών. Ή Dirigée par Comité de rédaction de Professeurs d’ Université et de Οι αναπτυξιακές αρμοδιότητες των Περιφερειών: Scientifiques Spécialisés προσεγγίσει, τρέχουσες πρακτικές Directed by EditionΕτερόκλητες Board of University Professors and Specialized Scientists System of external evaluators *
By Mr. George-Sp. C.ATHANASOPOULOS ATHANASOPOULOS Του κ. Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ / Const. Tιµή τεύ��υς: 9 f Συνδρ�µές ετήσιες: Φιλίας: GE. 300 f ∆ηµ�σίων
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Introductory approach: the € BC - 370 BC, Athens), Etranger: US $concept 100, 100(444 ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, Ex Προέδρου Σχολής Δημοσιογραφίας Αθηνών, Price: 9 f the Subscriptions: Friendship: 300 f Public Services, ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 και BC,Σ.Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Δικηγόρου, παρ΄ Α.Π., Σ.τ.Ε., Ελ. Σ., Δικ. Ε.Ε. τ. Ευρ., Legal Persons of Public or Private Law, Communities, Prefecture Administrations, among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the Κατόχου και Εθνικών Διακρίσεων ofΤιμ. concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the Banks, Societies: 150 f Ευρωπαϊκ. Individuals: 30content f acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Ex Ch. L. U. L., Bruxelles, 25 f Abroad: Students: 15 USif$not 100,final, Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, 100 €approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, theParis term * is Exof Int. I.I.A.P., gentrification) area Planning) (or gentrification ΥπεύθυνοςTυπ�γρα�εί�υ Τυπογραφείου 1 (and urban gentrification) Yπεύθυν�ς gentrification is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well),ΕΚΤΥΠΩΣΕΙΣ as the “refining” of a city area, the ΔΗΜΗΤΡΗΣ removal from this, (in various ΘΕΟΔΩΡΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ EI∆IKH EK∆OTIKH A.E.E.B.E. Sociology as well), as the “refining” ofΠλ. a city area,Αθήνα, the removal fromthere this, of (inartists, various Μάρνη Βάθης, ways), of social groups, usually of 25, low-income the placement Xαλκ�κ�νδύλη 35,Tηλε�. Kέντρ�: (210) 5242177,and (210) 5226641, FAX: (210)κατά 5232409 Οιofεξελίξεις και usually οι εμφανισθείσες νέες συνθήκες ζωής τις τηλ.: 210.5234559, φαξ: email: theogi@otenet.gr ways), social groups, of2105203633, low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of * συνθήκες, πολιτικές, κοινωνικές, τελευταίες δεκαετίες, εξελίξεις και the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof Tα δηµ�σιευ�µενα κείµενα απη��ύν τις απ�ψεις των Συντακτών τ�υς(and the οικονομικές, δημογραφικές, πολιτιστικές, whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, περιβαλλοντολογικές, results also rising of land prices potential relative και δεν δεσµεύ�υν την EΠIΘ. AΠOK.,TOΠ. AYT. KAI ΠEP. AN. δημιούργησαν πολλές, ιδιότυπες καιinsui generis ανάγκες, οποίες potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first the UK in early 1960s andτις it refers to * The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refersofto σπεύδουν να καλύψουν, εν τω μέτρω του εφικτού, τα σύγχρονα Κράτη of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas theOιthen observed trend εντ�ςtrend πλαισί�υ των νέωνpeople εκδ�σεων απ�τελ�ύν �ιλική πρ�σ��ρά wealthy to buy property inείτε poor areasοιof the αναγγελίες then observed Δυτικού Τύπου, (δηλαδή Κράτη Δικαίου και Πρόνοιας), διότι London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents τ�υ Eπιστηµ�νικ�ύ Yπευθύν�υ τ�υ Περι�δικ�ύ πρ�ς τ�υς Συγγρα�είς τ�υς are London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are Πολίτες αδυνατούν να τις καλύψουν, being indirectly “squeezed”. * είτε διότι αυτά τα ίδια, πρέπει να being indirectly “squeezed”. ABάσει description of this phenomenon is included in the of Sociologist Ruth δικαιώσουν αποστολή Κρατών Δικαίου και Πρόνοιας. τ�υτην N. 2121/1993 καιτους των ως σ�ετικών καν�νων τ�υwork ∆ιεθν�ύς ∆ικαί�υ απαAΗ description ofperiod, thisόμως phenomenon isτων included in the work of Sociologist γ�ρεύεται η αναδηµ�σίευση ή ηαυτών αναπαραγωγή (�λική ή µερική) µε �π�ι�ν δήπ�τε GLASS atπροσέγγιση the same while similar situations were recorded in other major αναγκών οδηγεί μοιραίως Ruth σε GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major τρ�π� και µε �π�ι� δήπ�τε µέσ� των κειµένων τ�υ παρ�ντ�ς, �ωρίς πρ�ηγ�ύµενη cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. «μετάλλαξη», «αναμόρφωση», «μεταποίηση» των δομών τους, εν σχέσει με έγγρα�η άδειαthe τ�υ εκδ�τ�υ. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. andισχύοντα for its more then, issue has several scholars τα Since κατά το παρελθόν, και υπό διάφορες βεβαίως συνθήκες και Toute then, reproduction d’ has un extrait quelconque de cette Revue, par quelque and for its more Since the issue several scholars comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the various procédé que ceεπ΄αυτών soit, et notamment par photocopie ouνομικά microfilm, est strictement «εναποθέτει» νέες αρμοδιότητες, νέα μορφώματα, νέες comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interdite. δραστηριότητες, νέες μορφές θετικών παρεμβάσεων, αλλά και «μειώνει», interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, following: wholethe ofof the material appearing Review isthe a copyright and may not be InThe a sense, phenomenon is dueof toin athis trend of a new category of social groups ενίοτε, το εύρος των παραδοσιακών αρμοδιοτήτων τους, αφού whole in partthe without the permission the Editor. toreproduced “return” tointhe city,or leaving purlieus for several of reasons: high costs in money καταδεικνύει τηνfrom ανάγκη εκχώρησής άσκηση σε τρίτους * τους προς and time to travel the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack ήofτην the άσκησή τους εν συνεργασία με τρίτους, ανεξαρτήτως της νομικής ∆ιεύθυνση / Adresse / Address 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for was born in termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, better Ίµ�ρ�υ 6, 11257 Aθήναι, τηλ.: 8647120, fax: (210) 8658868study entitled: Berlin, where she made her first studies. In (210) 1932 she an important υπόστασης των τρίτων. of(210) the city”, (possibly) services of health, entertainment “at published the heart 6, education, GRThe - 11257, / ATHENS, 8647120, Youth IMVROY Unemployment. same ATHENES year she left Germany andteleph.: after continuous movements for Μεταξύ «αναπόφευκτων» δομικών αλλαγών περιλαμβάνονται lower living costτων of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where Neweasier York she came to back to London, studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car fax: (210) 8658868 οιin According νέες, διευρυμένων αρμοδιοτήτων διοικητικές δομές Περιφερειών, the 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheτων became teacher in systematic and to another approach, the is due to a * her social research. Her public and University College of London, where she continued (υπό τη διοικητική και την οικονομική προσέγγιση τουπερι�δικά όρου), τωνofaction Νομών long-term informal effort by organized groups, brokers buying http : // library.panteion.gr/pandemos •manufacturers, Eλληνικά her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part the urban web,να in ή10th Νομαρχιακών Αυτοδιοικήσεων Δήμων, οι of οποίες χωρίς * των SONS AND Ltd. και London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: edit. Wil. G.της ALEXANDRI: Gentrification: wetzel/gentry.htm in παραδοσιακής order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually aαφίστανται variety of ways, ISSNhttp://www.uncanny.net/ 1106-91-71 αποστολής τους, καλούνται να
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns
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εξυπηρέτηση των πολιτών, τόσο επί «παραδοσιακών» πεδίων, όσο και επί νέων τομέων, π.χ. χρηματοδότηση ιδιωτικών επενδύσεων. Προς τις «μεταλλαγμένες» αυτές δομές, προσβλέπουν μετά μεγίστων προσδοκιών, τόσο το σύγχρονο Κράτος Δικαίου και Προνοίας, όσο και δύο άλλες κατηγορίες εμπλεκομένων: οι Τοπικοί Αιρετοί και οι Πολίτες Μέλη των Τοπικών Κοινωνιών: το Κράτος επιχειρώντας να καταστεί By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS «λειτουργικότερο», με Harvard την αποκοπή δραστηριοτήτων ποικίλλων, αλλά University, Graduate School of Design, Student, τοπικής εμβέλειας, οι Τοπικοί Αιρετοί υπό το κράτοςC.φιλόδοξων επιλογών By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect και οι τρίτοι, οι Πολίτες, αναμένοντες την μέσω συλλογικών παρεμβάσεων Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete διευθέτηση ζωτικού χαρακτήρος υποθέσεών τους και αναγκών τους, όπως π.χ. η υποβοήθηση της τοπικής ανάπτυξης. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Τοπική Αυτοδιοίκηση, ιδίως του βαθμού (επίπεδο Περιφέρειας), 1. Η Introductory approach: Defining theΓ΄ concept ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), προσφέρεται ή δίνειthe την εικόνα, ότι προσφέρεται, περισσότερο από ό,τι το ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Κεντρικό Κράτος, δηλαδή τοheίδιο τοus,νομικό πρόσωποa της Πολιτείας, λόγω among other wise heritage left he established great “principle”: acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. the του μεγέθους των Πολιτικών και Μονάδων για την acquisition of knowledge starts with theΔιοικητικών the content ofτης, concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term ανάληψη νέων πρωτοβουλιών, δράσεων και καθηκόντων και για 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the την term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urbanσυμμετοχικών ανάληψη εισαγωγής οικονομικών διαδικασιών και gentrification gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various συμπράξεων, επί σκοπώ παραγωγής ποιοτικώς καλλιτέρου και Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement θεματολογικώς διευρυμένου έργου τοπικής επ΄ωφελεία των ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andεμβέλειας, thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless υπ΄αυτής διοικουμένων. whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of prices (and the Τα relative πλεονεκτήματα της Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης Γ΄land βαθμού, (επίπεδο potential potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK it refers to Περιφέρειας), συμποσούνται εν προκειμένω, καιinενearly τίνι 1960s μέτρωand οφείλονται, The term gentrification found at first in the UK in earlyεξαιρέσεων, 1960s and itareas refers the observed ofiswealthy people toτης, buy property in poor ofto στοthen μέγεθος τωνtrend διοικητικών μονάδων πλην στην the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them,τους, stay themselves there and thus old residents areof εγγύτητα της δομής σε σχέσηsometimes με το Κράτος, με τους Πολίτες, στον London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. νέο της ρόλο ως μοχλού ενδογενούς ανάπτυξης, στην δυνατότητα άμεσης being indirectly “squeezed”. A descriptionτυχόν of thisαστόχων phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth αναθεώρησης αποφάσεων, κ.ά. A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar other major Μεταξύ των period, νέων while αρμοδιοτήτων, τις were οποίες οι inΠεριφέρειες GLASS at the same situations recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by othersimilar Researchers. καλούνται να countries, ασκήσουν, είναιResearchers. και εκείνες επενδυτικού εν γένει cities in Western bypreoccupied other Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more χαρακτήρος, επί σκοπώ παροχής προς several τους Πολίτες υπηρεσιών και Since then, the issue has scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from αγαθών τέτοιας υφής, που αυτοί, δεν μπορούν να παραγάγουν, λόγω comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon ofείτε gentrification, thebelow, following: της φύσης των πραγμάτων για τον εαυτό τους, είτε γιατί το σχετικό interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups κόστος γι΄αυτούς αποτρεπτικό, είτε reasons: γιατί το της to “return”είναι to the city, leaving the purlieus for several high μέγεθος costs in money Περιφέρειας λειτουργεί and time to travel from theαποτρεπτικώς. purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS for wasbetter born Η ανάληψη δραστηριοτήτων επενδυτικού χαρακτήρος απόin sense1.of safety theτέτοιων distributed residencies outside town centres, search Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health,καθίσταται education, entertainment “at the heartεπιτακτική, of the city”,λόγω (possibly) τις Περιφέρειες συνεχώς περισσότερον των Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, παγκοσμιοποίησης, “withdrawal” from private access to markets, etc.where νέων συνθηκών, ισοπέδωσης και «ομογενοποίησης» studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came back to London, in According 1943 she studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. 1950 sheto became teacher in the toαξιών another approach, the is due and αρχών καιpublished κ.ά., δεδομένου, ότι Inτελικώς οιa systematic Περιφέρειες University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying «εμπεριέχουν» μεγέθη,by (γεωγραφικά, δημογραφικά, οικιστικά, πρώτων her work are characterized a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially ofείτε part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: υλών, αναγκών κατανάλωσης κ.ά.), τα2009. οποία, επιτρέπουν, είτε Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aεπιβάλλουν variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually την «εμπλοκή» τους σε επενδυτικές δραστηριότητες αυτών των ιδίων, των Περιφερειών δηλαδή, τρίτων ή συμπραττόντων από 2521 11
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns
κοινού πολυμερών σχημάτων, (Κράτος, Περιφέρειες, Νομοί, Δήμοι, Ιδιώτες, Αλλοδαπά νομικά μορφώματα).
By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, ΓΑΛΛΙΑ By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Δήμοι και Κοινότητες, προϋπήρχανStudent της Γαλλικής Επανάστασης. of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete 1789: Εισαγωγή της διαίρεσης σε Νομούς.
Περιφέρειες: Ολοκληρώνεται η δομή τους κατά την δεκαετία 1980.
1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 22 Μητροπολιτικές Περιφέρειες, 4 Υπερποντίων Εδαφών. 1. Σήμερα: Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444ενίσχυση BC - 370 BC, Το σύστημα ευνοεί την αποκέντρωση και την τουAthens), θεσμού ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the της Περιφέρειας καιheritage των Δήμων. Οιus, Περιφέρειες συμμετέχουν όχι μόνο στη among other wise he left he established a great “principle”: acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. the σχεδίαση και στις δαπάνες των προγραμμάτων, αλλά και acquisition of knowledge starts withαναπτυξιακών theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term στον τομέα των ιδιωτικών επενδύσεων. Συγκεκριμένα, οι Περιφέρειες 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 στην συμμετέχουν προσέλκυση ξένων επενδύσεων προβαίνοντας σε gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various δραστηριότητες, οι οποίες διαφέρουν από Περιφέρεια σε Περιφέρεια Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement αναλόγως μεofτις εκάστοτε ανάγκες και τιςand κοινωνικές, γεωγραφικές και ways), of social groups, usually of low-income thethis placement there of artists, the operation art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless οικονομικές συνθήκες. whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences results also rising of land prices (and the Παρέχονται τα ακόλουθαhas, κίνητρα: potential relative potential relative speculation). The- term gentrification found at first in the UKΕταιρειών. in early 1960s and it refers to Επιχορηγήσεις γιαisτην Δημιουργία νέων The term gentrification found atpeople first inνέων the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend wealthy to buy property in poor - Επιχορηγήσεις γιαofis την δημιουργία θέσεων εργασίας. the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves που sometimes there and old residents areof -Προώθηση δραστηριοτήτων, σχετίζονται με thus την έρευνα και την London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. τεχνολογία. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist νέων Ruth Λειτουργείofofthis Περιφερειακό Ταμείο Χρηματοδότησης A description this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar in other major επιχειρηματικών δραστηριοτήτων, όπως: GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. -Επιχειρήσεις μεταφοράς τεχνολογίας. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more -Επιδότηση συγκεκριμένων δραστηριοτήτων ανά from Περιφέρεια. Τα Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized προγράμματα αυτά ποικίλλουν από Περιφέρεια σεbelow, Περιφέρεια με σκοπό comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: την αξιοποίηση των Τοπικών παραγωγικών δυνατοτήτων (γεωργία, interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups ξυλεία, τουρισμός) την διάδοση τηςfor τεχνολογίας και της to “return” to the city,και leaving the purlieus several reasons: highκαινοτομίας. costs in money Παραλλήλως Περιφέρεια λειτουργεί and time to travel fromσε theκάθε purlieus to downtown, where workΕιδική place is, Υπηρεσία lack of the 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in Προσέλκυσης Ξένων Επενδύσεων. sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, entertainment “at theσυνδράμει heart of the το city”,Υπουργείο (possibly) Τέλος, στηeducation, δράση των Περιφερειών Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, Ανάπτυξης, “withdrawal” from private access markets, Περιφερειακής παρέχοντας σε she συνεργασία μεetc.where τα studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the toΌργανα another approach, the is due a systematic and Περιφερειακά πρόσθετες ενισχύσεις. University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Επισημαίνεται, ότι, τωνSee αναλογιών, mutatis mutandis, η her work are characterized by aτηρουμένων passion for justice. also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate,ως etc., theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.θεωρείται Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Γαλλία, ηfor Χώρα εκείνη, η οποία πρωτοπορούσα εισήγαγε Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aμηχανισμούς variety of ways, in order επενδυτικών to achieve theδράσεων “assisted”, (actually αυτονόμων σε “voluntary”, επίπεδο Περιφέρειας
αμέσως μετά τον Β΄ Παγκόσμιο Πόλεμο.
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Νέα οικονομική πολιτική μετά την πανδημία; Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Του κ. Ναπ. ΜΑΡΑΒΕΓΙΑ Καθηγητού Πολιτικής Οικονομίας Concerns Εθνικού και Καποδιστριακού Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών τ. Υπουργού
By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Μετά τη υποχώρηση της πανδημίας, τουλάχιστον στις αναπτυγμένες By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect χώρες, τίθεται το ερώτημα για το μείγμαStudent οικονομικής πολιτικής που θα of the School of Architecture μπορούσε να συμβάλει σε μια ταχύρρυθμη αναπτυξιακή πορεία. Γιατί μια Technical University of Crete
μεγάλη αναπτυξιακή ώθηση είναι απολύτως αναγκαία για να καλυφθεί το 1. Introductory Defining αναπτυξιακό κενόapproach: που αφήνει πίσω the τηςconcept η υγειονομική κρίση, καθώς είναι 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept γνωστό ότι η οικονομική ύφεση έπληξε όλες τις(444 ανεπτυγμένες με ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC,χώρες Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), διαφορετική ένταση 2020) ανάλογα με -τη σημασία που among other βέβαια wise heritage he(4-11% left us,το he established a great “principle”: the among wise leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: έχουν σεother κάθε χώρα,heritage οι κλάδοι παραγωγής, οι οποίοι συγχρωτισμό, acquisition of knowledge startshe with of theαπαιτούν content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore,ηon this “principle” in a first, if not final,ανθρώπων approach, the term όπως ο τουρισμός, εστίαση, η ψυχαγωγία, οι μεταφορές κά. 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the δεν term (and urban indicated (inαν theοι area of Planning) (or gentrification Η ύφεση αυτή θαgentrification) ήταν πολύ isυψηλότερη, κυβερνήσεις 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” a city area, the removal from this, (in δαπανούσαν τεράστια ποσά γιαofνα στηρίζουν τις επιχειρήσεις καιvarious τους Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, removal fromthere this, (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe the placement of εργαζόμενους στους πληττόμενους κλάδους. Όμως, αυτές οι δημόσιες ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of δαπάνες δημιουργούν μεγάλα ελλείμματα στους κρατικούς προϋπολογισμούς, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the τα οποία προφανώς αυξάνουν τα δημόσια χρέη σ’ όλες τις χώρες και ιδιαίτεραof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results risingδυστυχώς of land prices the potential relative στις υπερχρεωμένες του Ευρωπαϊκού Νότου,also οι οποίες είχαν(and και τη potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is Ισπανία, found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to μεγαλύτερη ύφεση (Ιταλία, Ελλάδα κλπ). The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to property in μόνο poor Συνεπώς, η ταχύρρυθμη ανάπτυξη είναιbuy αναγκαία, όχι για την the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, them, themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof κάλυψη upgrade του κενού τηςstay ύφεσης, αλλά και για τηνthere αποπληρωμή των δημοσίων London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. και των ιδιωτικών χρεών που έχουν δημιουργηθεί. Φαίνεται ότι στις ΗΠΑ being indirectly “squeezed”. A description thisΕΕ phenomenon is συνειδητοποιηθεί included in the work of Sociologist κυρίως, αλλά καιof στην έχει πλήρως η ανάγκη για έναRuth νέο A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major μείγμα πολιτικής που θα περιλαμβάνει κεϋνσιανά στοιχεία. Η αρχή έχει γίνει GLASS at the same period, similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile other Researchers. από τις Κεντρικές Τράπεζες και των δύο πλευρών του Ατλαντικού, οι οποίες cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then,μία the εξαιρετικά issue has preoccupied several scholars andακόμη for itsκαι more ακολούθησαν «χαλαρή» νομισματική πολιτική, με Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from την αγορά κρατικών ομολόγων, στον αντίποδα της νομισματικής ορθοδοξίας comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: που ίσχυε για πολλά χρόνια πριν τηνofπανδημία. Η «χαλαρή» αυτή νομισματική interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups πολιτική έχει στόχο να δώσει ώθηση στην οικονομική ανάπτυξη, μέσω των to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money εξαιρετικά χαμηλών επιτοκίων, ακόμη και σε χώρες με πολύ υψηλό χρέος, and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the όπως ηThe Ελλάδα και Ιταλία. 1.of termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the ηdistributed residencies outside town centres, νομισματική πολιτική ακολούθησε η δημοσιονομική πολιτική Berlin,Τη where she made her first studies. In 1932 she και published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. Theκαι same year sheστην left Germany and after continuous περισσότερο στις λιγότερο Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση. Πράγματι, εκτός lower living cost of,ΗΠΑ “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, where από τη δημοσιονομική «ένεση» τουthe πρώην Προέδρου οa νέος Πρόεδρος in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, isΤραμπ, due systematic and Μπάϊντεν αποφάσισε ναby χορηγήσει τεράστια ποσάresearch. από τον Ομοσπονδιακό University informal College of London, where she continued her social Her public and long-term effort organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized byαντιμετώπιση a passion for justice. also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Προϋπολογισμό για την της See πανδημίας (1,9τρις), αλλά και για and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: τον εκσυγχρονισμό των υποδομών στη χώρα του (2 τρις). Η Ευρωπαϊκή G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Ένωση ακολούθησε με το Ταμείο Ανάκαμψης και βέβαια με τις δημόσιες
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns δαπάνες των επιμέρους χωρών-μελών της. Για πρώτη φορά λειτούργησε,
έστω μια «ιδιοτελής αλληλεγγύη» προς τις λιγότερο αναπτυγμένες χώρες του Ευρωπαϊκού Νότου που έχουν και By τη Mr. μεγαλύτερη ανάγκη. Από το συνολικό George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ποσό των 750 δις του Ταμείου 50% θα School κατευθυνθεί σ’ αυτές τις HarvardΑνάκαμψης, University, Graduate of Design, Student, χώρες, ενώ οι ίδιες συνεισφέρουνByστο συνολικό ΑΕΠ της ΕΕ μόνο 25% Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect περίπου, με τη χώρα μας είναι περισσότεροStudent ευνοημένη. σημαντικό για of theΕίναι School of Architecture Technical of από Crete την οικονομική ενοποίηση της ΕΕ, ότι για πρώτη φορά γίνεταιUniversity δανεισμός κοινού (δηλ. αμοιβαιοποίηση του χρέους) ενώ μέχρι τώρα, κάθε λιγότερο 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept αναπτυγμένη χώρα-μέλος που βρισκόταν δύσκολη θέση, δανειζόταν μόνη 1. Introductory approach: Defining the σε concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, - 370 BC, της και πλήρωνε μόνη της το χρέος (π.χ η Ελλάδα (444 στηνBC περίοδο της Athens), κρίσης), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the χωρίς τη συνεισφορά των περισσότερο αναπτυγμένων χωρών – μελών. among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge withδημοσιονομική the definition ofλιτότητα the content concepts. Η παρέκκλιση και starts από την στιςofΗΠΑ και στην acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based,πέραν therefore, this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term Ευρώπη της on νομισματικής ορθοδοξίας, αρχικά λόγω της πανδημίας, 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification φαίνεται να 1παίρνει τη μορφή μιας ενεργού δημόσιας παρεμβατικής gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various πολιτικής που στηρίζει την ανάπτυξη, όπως έγινε αμέσως μετά τον Β’ Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, low-income theremoval placement Παγκόσμιο Πόλεμο μεusually βάση of την κεϋνσιανήand αντίληψη για την οικονομική ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of πολιτική. Μήπως βρισκόμαστε, μπροστάetc. σεHowever αλλαγή παραδείγματος; Aπο τα the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, regardless whatever other has, results also risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof «οικονομικά της consequences προσφοράς» στα «οικονομικά της ζήτησης», εφόσον το whatever other potential relative speculation). has, results also rising of land prices (and the κράτος με την τεράστια δημοσιονομική του δαπάνη δημιουργεί ζήτηση σε potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to συνθήκες ύφεσης; Αν συνεκτιμήσουμε και την απόφαση τουandΠροέδρου The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Μπάϊντεν για αύξηση της φορολογίας για τις κερδοφόρες επιχειρήσεις και τα the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof πολύ υψηλά εισοδήματα, φαίνεται να sometimes είμαστε στον τηςresidents πολιτικής London, upgrade them, stay themselves thereαντίποδα and thus old are being indirectly “squeezed”. Τραμπ για τη μείωση της φορολογίας των επιχειρήσεων. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth είναι νωρίς ναisεκτιμηθεί η the αποτελεσματικότητα των AΠροφανώς, description of thisπολύ phenomenon included inwere work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations recorded in other major παραπάνω δημόσιων παρεμβάσεων στο πεδίο της οικονομικής ανάπτυξης. GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. Υπάρχουν εκτιμήσεις ότι has η by μαζική παρέμβαση και τα δημοσιονομικά cities in Western countries, otherκρατική Researchers. Since then, the issue preoccupied several scholars and for its more ελλείμματα που δημιουργεί, παρά τις συνθήκες ύφεσης και αποπληθωρισμού, Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the μπορεί να έχουν πληθωριστικό αποτέλεσμα. Επιπλέον έχουν συσσωρευθεί comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: αποταμιεύσεις πολλών δις στις αναπτυγμένες χώρες, λόγω της αναγκαστικής In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups εποχής από την city, κατανάλωση Αυτές οι αποταμιεύσεις μαζί με τις to “return” to the leaving the κυρίως. purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money δημόσιες δαπάνες ενδεχομένως να προκαλέσουν and time toμεγάλες travel from the purlieus to downtown, where workμεγάλη place is,αύξηση lack ofτης the ζήτησης, όταν πολλές αλυσίδες προσφοράς δεν1912-1940. μπορούν, έστω προσωρινά, ναin 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important studyτέτοια entitled: ανταποκριθούν, με αποτέλεσμα να ενταθεί το πληθωριστικό κύμα. Μια services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for εξέλιξη μπορεί την from χαλαρή νομισματική πολιτική των Κεντρικών lower living costνα of,ανακόψει “withdrawal” private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 sheκαι published studies regarding city planning. In με 1950 sheto became teacher in the Τραπεζών να αυξηθούν τα επιτόκια αποτέλεσμα την toσυνεπώς another approach, the phenomenon is άμεσο due a systematic and Universityτων College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public and ανακοπή επιθυμητών ρυθμών ανάπτυξης. Επειδή δεν υπάρχει προφανώς long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate,για etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in καμιά βεβαιότητα τα θετικά αρνητικά αποτελέσματα αυτής της 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. ή London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aδιαφαινόμενης variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually νέας οικονομικής πολιτικής, ας περιοριστούμε μόνο σε διαπιστώσεις και σε ερωτήματα
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Θύματα πανδημίας Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns ofτης Gentrification Παιδιά και Έφηβοι Concerns Του κ. Κων. Νικ. ΣΥΡΙΓΟΥ
By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS ΚαθηγητούC. Ιατρικής Σχολής ΕΚΠΑ Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Προέδρ. των Παιδικών Χωριών SOS Ελλάδος By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student ότι of the School Architecture Καθώς από την αρχή της πανδημίας φάνηκε παιδιά καιofέφηβοι δεν Technical University of Crete
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νοσούν σοβαρά από λοίμωξη COVID-19, είδηση αποτέλεσαν μόνο οι ελάχιστες περιπτώσεις που ηapproach: έκβασή τους ήτανthe δυσμενής. 1. Introductory Defining conceptΕν τούτοις, διεθνείς μελέτες διαπιστώνουν σημαντικές επιπτώσεις τηςconcept πανδημίας στον ψυχισμό, στην 1. Introductory approach: Defining the ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ψυχοκοινωνική ανάπτυξη και στην ομαλή κοινωνικοποίηση τωνBC, νεότερων ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the μελών της κοινωνίας μας. among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. the Ταtherefore, ευρήματα και ανησυχητικά: ύπνου, αίσθημα acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, onπολλά this “principle” a first, ifδιαταραχές not final, approach, the term μοναξιάς, θλίψη, άγχος, φόβοι, διατάραξη της διατροφής και μειωμένη 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term (or gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) 1 (and urban gentrification) σωματική δραστηριότητα. Και εάν η εξ αποστάσεως εκπαίδευση κάλυψε, ως gentrification is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ένα βαθμό, το γνωστικό σκέλος της σχολικής ζωής, η συναισθηματική και Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement κοινωνική ανάπτυξη των παιδιών παρέμεινε στάσιμη ή“change”, και οπισθοδρόμησε, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However regardless of σε ορισμένες περιπτώσεις. the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof whatever otherκαι consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and με the Παιδιά νέοι αντιδρούν σε ψυχοπιεστικές καταστάσεις potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). διαφορετικούς τρόπους ανάλογα με το αναπτυξιακό τους στάδιο, την The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and διάφορα itareas refersofto αντίληψη, τον ψυχισμό το περιβάλλον αναπτύσσοντας the then observed trend και ofiswealthy toτους, buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas συμπτώματα: απόσυρση, άγχος, αίσθημα ενοχής, διέγερση, συχνές London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes thereθυμό, and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are αλλαγές στη διάθεση, παλινδρόμηση στην αυτοφροντίδα και σε προηγούμενα being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. στάδια ανάπτυξης πουphenomenon είχαν κατακτήσει, εφιάλτες, ενούρησηRuth και A description of this is included in theνυχτερινή work of Sociologist A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth χειριστικές για να προκαλέσουν την προσοχή, είναι major μόνο GLASS at theσυμπεριφορές same while similar in other GLASS at the same similar were recorded in other major cities in από Western countries, bywhile other Researchers. μερικά αυτά. Τα period, ευάλωτα παιδιά, με situations ιστορικό δυσκολιών ψυχικής υγείας, cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. then, the issue has preoccupied several and for its more με Since ψυχοκοινωνικά / οικογενειακά προβλήματα καιscholars τραυματικές εμπειρίες ή Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andβιώνουν for various its more comprehensive approach are being εναλλακτικής summarized from the τα παιδιά που βρίσκονται σεpreoccupied δομές φροντίδας, πιο comprehensive approach are being summarized from various interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: έντονα και μεofπιο δραματικές συνέπειες τον εγκλεισμό και οιtheανάγκες interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon dueδιαφοροποιούνται. to a trend of a new category ofαπό social groups υποστήριξής τους αυξάνονταιisκαι Για πολλά αυτά τα to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money παιδιά, η δια ζώσης διδασκαλία και η εμπειρική απόκτηση γνώσης είναι and time to travel from theενώ purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the καθοριστικής σημασίας, η τηλεκπαίδευση δημιουργεί ανισότητες στην 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, πρόσβαση, στις επιδόσεις και στην ανάπτυξη επιπλέον μαθησιακών Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) δυσκολιών στο μέλλον. Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Κατά τον εγκλεισμό, εύθραυστες οικογενειακές σχέσεις in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and δυναμιτίζονται, τα περιστατικά παραμέλησης, ενδοοικογενειακής βίας και University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying κακοποίησης αυξάνονται, η δυνατότητα θυμάτων να DICTIONARY. μιλήσουν her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See των also: COLLINS ENGLISH and selling realCOLLINS estate,είναι etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: περιορίζεται, καθώς υποχρεωμένα να βιώνουν τον εγκλεισμό μαζί με τον Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aυπαίτιο varietyτης of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually κακοποίησής τους, ενώ δεν έχουν πρόσβαση σε άλλους ενήλικες εμπιστοσύνης, στους οποίους μπορούν να μιλήσουν. Επιπλέον, ο εγκλεισμός 2521 11
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns
οδήγησε σε μεγάλη αύξηση της ενασχόλησης παιδιών και εφήβων με το Διαδίκτυο, η οποία αυξάνει την πιθανότητα θυματοποίησής τους. Από την άλλη, οι συνθήκες κοινωνικής απομόνωσης δυσκολεύουν τους επαγγελματίες των δομών παιδικής προστασίας και ψυχικής υγείας να ταυτοποιούν τέτοια περιστατικά και να ανταποκρίνονται επαρκώς, με αποτέλεσμα ο κίνδυνος γι΄αυτά τα παιδιά να αυξάνεται. By «τα Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Η επικρατούσα άποψη ότι παιδιά είναι ανθεκτικά και θα Harvardλανθασμένη University, Graduate School of Τα Design, Student, ανακάμψουν» είναι εν πολλοίς και επικίνδυνη. παιδιά είναι By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect ανθεκτικά και προσαρμοστικά αλλά σε μία τόσο ψυχοπιεστική και απειλητική Student of the School of Architecture κατάσταση που επικρατεί στο σύνολο της κοινωνίας και μην έχοντας καμία Technical University of Crete διέξοδο, οι αντοχές τους απειλούνται σοβαρά. Η κατά τα λοιπά αναγκαία εφαρμογή των μέτρων κοινωνικής φαίνεται να έβλαψε 1. Introductory approach: Definingαποστασιοποίησης, the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept παιδιά και εφήβουςthe περισσότερο απόphilosopher, ό,τι ο ίδιος (444 ο ιός, δημιουργώντας μια ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek BC - 370 BC, Athens), γενιά που, καθώς το left παιχνίδι μεestablished τους φίλους θα ANTISTHENIS, the και ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -«παράνομο», 370 BC, Athens), among other wiseακόμη heritage he us, he a είναι great “principle”: the αποκτήσει ψυχικά τραύματα που θα εκδηλωθούν μακροπρόθεσμα. among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. the Είναι να τονιστεί που λήφθηκαν για term τον acquisition ofσημαντικό knowledge starts with theότι the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a τα first,μέτρα if of not final, approach, the 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the περιορισμό της πανδημίας επηρέασαν αρνητικά την προστασία βασικών (or gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning)term 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification δικαιωμάτων τωνasπαιδιών: το δικαίωμα στην στην εκπαίδευση και Sociology as well), the “refining” of a city area, theυγεία, removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of aασφάλειάς city area, removal this, of (inartists, various στην προστασία της ζωής και της τους, και from ανέδειξαν άλλες, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe the placement there ways), of«πανδημίες» social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, χρόνιες της κοινωνίας μας, όπως η this εφηβική παχυσαρκία, η the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation art galleries, restaurants, etc. However regardless εξάρτηση από of οθόνες κ.ά. Η υποστήριξη τηςalso ψυχικής υγείας παιδιών whatever other consequences has, results risingthis of “change”, landτων prices (and και theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences results also rising ofστην land prices (and σε the potential relative των οικογενειών / φροντιστώνhas, τους, η διευκόλυνση πρόσβαση potential relative speculation). The termψυχικής gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s τηλεφωνικών and it refers to υπηρεσίες υγείας, η δημιουργία θεσμικού πλαισίου The term gentrification found at first μόνο in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trendβοηθειών ofiswealthy people to buy property in ofto ψυχολογικών πρώτων είναι κάποιες από τιςpoor βάσεις του the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stayημέρας. themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof σχεδιασμού της επόμενης London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Η τακτική υποστηρικτική παρακολούθηση του old ανθρώπινου being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work Sociologist δυναμικού προνοιακών και ψυχοκοινωνικών δομών θα of πρέπει επίσηςRuth να A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major αποτελέσει ύψιστη προτεραιότητα της πολιτείας. GLASS at the same period, similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile other Η Ιατρική Σχολή του ΕΚΠΑResearchers. μέσω των ψυχιατρικών και παιδιατρικών cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, has preoccupied several έργο scholars for its more κλινικών της the έχειissue προσφέρει σημαντικότατο σε and ψυχοκοινωνικό, Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from ερευνητικό και εκπαιδευτικό επίπεδο. Η εμπειρία αυτή πρέπει να comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of theμε phenomenon of gentrification, the following: κεφαλαιοποιηθεί την μετατροπή της Ψυχοκοινωνικής Γραμμής interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is dueof togentrification, aσε trend of a new of social groups Υποστήριξης που δημιουργήθηκε, εθνική γραμμή, με διαχρονική to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money λειτουργία. Η ενδυνάμωση του ρόλου των υπηρεσιών ψυχοκοινωνικής υγείας and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack the της Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης, η ανάπτυξη προγραμμάτων άθλησηςof και 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, δημιουργικής απασχόλησης παιδιών και εφήβων, η στελέχωση Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at published the heartan of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. Theψυχικής same yearυγείας she leftγια Germany and after continuous πρωτοβάθμιων δομών το παιδί και την οικογένεια, με τηfor lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, συνεργασία και τη σύμπραξη όλων μας είναι επίσης πιεστική ανάγκη. Γιαwhere να in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and δώσουμε δυνατή φωνή στα παιδιά και στους νέους της κοινωνίας μας, University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work areνα characterized by a passion for justice.τους See also: DICTIONARY. οφείλουμε απαντήσουμε στις ανάγκες με COLLINS γρήγοραENGLISH αντανακλαστικά and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ώστε να βοηθήσουμε τη νέα γενιά να ανακάμψει το συντομότερο και να G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually μπορέσει πάλι να ελπίζει σε ένα μέλλον που δικαιούται και της αξίζει.
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns
competence of state affairs in their Region, based on Article 101 of current Constitution.3 Abolition of the 13 Regions of the Government Decree of 6/3/1987. 13 new Regions come in their place (Organizations of second grade local government) along with the municipalities (Organizations of first grade) as an expression of popular sovereignty, they consist a fundamental institution of the Greek public life, 4 and the as guaranteed by the provisions of Article of the current Constitution By Mr.102 George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΟ ΑΝΟΙΚΤΟ ΠΑΝΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΙΟ ΣΤΕΡΕΑΣ 5 Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, European Charter of Local Self-Government. ΠΑΝΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΙΟ ΕΛΛΑΔΑΣ By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Abolition 1/1/2011 of the Prefecture, Local Government of second grade, ΣΧΟΛΗfrom ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΩΝ ΤΜΗΜΑ ΠΕΡΙΦΕΡΕΙΑΚΗΣ Student of the School of Architecture ΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΩΝ ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΙΚΗΣ ΑΝΑΠΤΥΞΗΣ as it was provided by Law 1622/1986 (which ultimately was not implemented ΠΡΟΓΡΑΜΜΑ ΣΠΟΥΔΩΝ
Technical University of Crete Λουκάς ΖΑΧΕΙΛΑΣ
1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), 3.ΔΙΟΙΚΗΣΗ Article 101 ofΤΟΥΡΙΣΤΙΚΩΝ current Constitution 1975/1986/2001/2008: ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, Η επίδραση του Εθνικού Πλαισίου ñ State’s administration organized according to theΠροσόντων decentralized system. ANTISTHENIS, theisancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΗΣΕΩΝ στα συστήματα among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the ñ Administrative division of thehe country is formed on the basisa of geo-economic, social the and among other wise heritage left us, he established great “principle”: εκπαίδευσης και κατάρτισης και στη acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. transport conditions. acquisition ofInstitutions knowledge with theindefinition the content ofon concepts. Κωνστ. ΠΑΠΑΓΙΑΝΝΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ τηςapproach, σχέσης τους Based, therefore, on this “principle” aβελτιστοποίηση first,decisive if of not final, theμεterm ñ Regional of starts the State generally have competence issues ofτην their 1 αγορά εργασίας province. Central Government, apart from special cases, has the general direction, coordination Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the (or gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning)term 1 (and and control of legitimacy of the Regional institutions as provided bythe law.area of Planning) (or ΤΟΥΡΙΣΤΙΚΗ gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in Sociology as well), asΑΝΑΠΤΥΞΗ: the “refining” of a city the removal from this, (in various ñ Common legislator and Administration, when theyΔΙΔΑΚΤΟΡΙΚΗ act normative, they are obliged to take Η ΠΕΡΙΠΤΩΣΗ ΤΟΥ ΔΗΜΟΥ ΔΙΟΥ ΔΙΑΤΡΙΒΗ Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there artists, into account the special conditions of island and mountainous areas, ensuring theirof growth. -of ΟΛΥΜΠΟΥ ΠΙΕΡΙΑΣ ways), social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, Article 101A the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of Τριμ. Συμβουλ. Επιτρ. Constitution provides for the establishment andthis operation of anregardless Independent theWhere operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However “change”, of whatever other has, results rising of land prices (and the ΔΙΠΛΩΜΑΤΙΚΗ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ Καθηγητής Χαρ. ΜΠΟΤΣΑΡΗΣ Authority, its Members are appointed for a fixed tenure and they are governed by personal and whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential speculation). functionalrelative independence, as specified by law. Καθηγητής Ομότ. Κωνστ. ΓΕ. potential relative speculation). 4. Article 102 of the Constitution 1975/1986/2001/2008: The term gentrification is found at first in the UKΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ in early 1960s and it refers to Επιβλέπων καθηγητής: ñ Administration oftrend local affairs belongsat topeople Localin Government Organizations of firstit and second The term gentrification found first the UK in earlyΣπ. 1960s and refers the then observed ofiswealthy to Καθηγητής buy property in poor areas ofto Ιωάν. ΚΑΡΑΜΑΝΙΔΗΣ ΒΛΙΑΜΟΣ grade. the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are To Local Government Organizations there is presumption of competence for the London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectlyΠΑΤΡΑ “squeezed”. administration of local affaires. Law defines the extend and types of local affairs and the being indirectly “squeezed”. distribution between each grade. Law may Local organizations the ΙΟΥΝΙΟΣ 2012 Λιβαδειά, 2012 Ruth A description of this phenomenon is delegate includedtoin the Government workΙούλιος of Sociologist exercise of powers that consist state’s mission. A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major ñ Local Government Organizations have administrative and financial autonomy. Their GLASS atare the same similar situations werebyrecorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile other Researchers. authorities elected byperiod, universal and secret voting, as provided law. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. ñ Law may provide the establishment of compulsory or voluntary associations of Local 5.5. Οπτικές Στρατηγικών Διαχείρισης Γνώσης Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Government Organizations for works or provisionseveral of services. These associations may be Since then, the issue has preoccupied scholars and for its more Οι Byounggu & Heesok (2002), αναφέρουν τις from παρακάτω τρείς comprehensive approach are being summarized below, the various administrated by elected bodies comprehensive approach areLocal being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: οπτικές στρατηγικών Διαχείρισης Γνώσης: ñ State exercises supervision over Government Organizations, which concerns solely to interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: legitimacy control and it is not allowed to block their initiative and freedom of action. In a sense, theαναφέρεται phenomenon due to a trend οπτική, of a new που category of socialLegitimacy groups Πρώτη η isισορροπημένη υποστηρίζει ότι οι control is exercised as provided by law. Disciplinary sanctions to elected bodies of local to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for reasons: high costs in money Οργανισμοί πρέπει ναcases πετυχαίνουν μιαseveral ισορροπία μεταξύ δύο administration, apart from involving automatic deduction or idleness, are των being applied and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the only with the consent of a Council, consisted at majority of regular judges, as provided by law. προαναφερόμενων στρατηγικών. ñ The State takes alldistributed the legislative, regulatory and fiscal measures needed to ensure economic term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born sense1. ofThe safety at the residencies outside town centres, search for better Δεύτερη provides εμφανίζεται η δυναμική for οπτική, που υποστηρίζει ότι οιin independence necessary accomplishment of thestudy tasksentitled: and the Berlin, where and she made herthe first studies.resources In 1932 she the published an important services of health, education, entertainment “atπροαναφερθείσες the heart the city”, (possibly) Οργανισμοί πρέπει ναof same ευθυγραμμίζουν τις στρατηγικές exercise of competences Local Government Organizations withof simultaneous ensuringfor of Youth Unemployment. The year she left Germany and after continuous movements lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” private car easier access markets, transparency in the management offrom these resources. defines theto relative withetc. the and studies and research Geneva, Prague, London andγνώσης NewLaw York she came back to London, where τους με τα πραγματικά χαρακτηριστικά της που κατέχουν. distribution, Localstudies Government Organizations of taxes In or fees, determined in their favour, and in According 1943Τρίτη sheamong published regarding cityphenomenon planning. 1950 she teacher in the to another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and εμφανίζεται, ηofεστιασμένη οπτική, που υποστηρίζει ότι οι collected byCollege State. Each transferral competences from state’s central or regional bodies to Local University of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying Οργανισμοί πρέπει να σεresources. μία μόνο στρατηγική από τις Government implies transfer corresponding Law provides the relative regarding her work are characterized by of aεστιάζουν passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate,ofetc., theCodepreciation initially of partorganizations. of the urban web, in definition collecting localfor revenues directly from Local Government 10th edit.and Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: προαναφερθείσες. 5. Because of ALEXANDRI: their issues ofthe Local Government“voluntary”, Organizations have become G. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in importance, order Abstract. to achieve “assisted”, (actually subject of a series of Conferences, International Conferences as well as regulations at
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of of Intervention, Intervention, Definition, of Concerns of Definition, Types of intervention, intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Gentrification Concerns Concerns By By Mr. Mr. George-Sp. George-Sp. C. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School Harvard University, Graduate School of of Design, Design, Student, Student, By Architect By Mr. Mr. George-Sp. George-Sp. C. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student Student of of the the School School of of Architecture Architecture Technical University Technical University of of Crete Crete
1. 1. Introductory Introductory approach: approach: Defining Defining the the concept concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC BC -- 370 370 BC, BC, Athens), Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, BC, Athens), Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of starts with the definition of concepts. among other wise heritage left us, he established a greatof acquisition of knowledge knowledge startshe with the definition of the the content content of“principle”: concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, on “principle” aa first, not final, approach, the acquisition of knowledge starts with thein the content of concepts. Based, therefore, therefore, on this this “principle” indefinition first, if if of not final, approach, the term term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning)(or gentrification (or 1 Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various Sociology as as “refining” of the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there Sociology as well), well), as the the “refining” of aa city city area, area, the removal from this,of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of groups, usually of and placement there of the operation of galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of ways), of social social groups, usually of low-income low-income and the the placement there of artists, artists, the operation ofofart art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless ofof the operation art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this “change”, regardless of whatever other has, results rising of land prices (and the whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is at in UK in 1960s and itit refers to potential relative speculation). The term gentrification isisfound found atatfirst first ininthe the UK ininearly early 1960s and refers toto The term gentrification found first the UK early 1960s and itit refers the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and refers to the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, being indirectly “squeezed”. London, upgrade them, stay stay themselves themselves sometimes sometimes there there and and thus thus old old residents residentsare are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth being indirectly “squeezed”. AAdescription ofofthis phenomenon isisincluded in the work of Sociologist Ruth this included the work Ruth GLASS at the same while similar were in other major A description description ofperiod, this phenomenon phenomenon is situations included in in the recorded work of of Sociologist Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities ininWestern countries, by other Researchers. cities countries, by other Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more cities in Western Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations ofofthe phenomenon ofofgentrification, the following: interpretations the gentrification, the following: In phenomenon is to aa trend of interpretations the phenomenon phenomenon thecategory following: In aa sense, sense, the theof phenomenon is due dueof togentrification, trend of of aa new new category of social social groups groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the and time toterm travel from the purlieus to downtown,1912-1940. where work place is, lack of the from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1. ofThe safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasentitled: born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies town centres, for better Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932outside she published an important study services of health, education, “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Berlin,Unemployment. where she made hersame first entertainment studies. 1932 she published important study entitled: Youth The year sheIn left Germany and afteran continuous for services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youthliving Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous for lower cost of, in “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and her work are characterized a passion for justice. Seemanufacturers, also: COLLINS ENGLISH long-term informal effortbyby organized groups, brokersDICTIONARY. of buying herselling work characterized byfor aAND passion for justice. also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and real estate, etc., theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.are Wil. SONS Ltd. LondonSee 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. of Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 2521 11 25214511
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns By Mr. Mr. George-Sp. George-Sp. C. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ATHANASOPOULOS By Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Design, Student, Student, Harvard University, Graduate School of By Mr. Mr. George-Sp. George-Sp. C. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect By Architect Student of of the the School School of of Architecture Architecture Student Technical University University of of Crete Crete Technical
1. Introductory Introductory approach: approach: Defining Defining the the concept concept 1. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the the ancient ancient Greek Greek philosopher, philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC --“principle”: 370 BC, BC, Athens), Athens), among other wise wise heritage heritage he left left us, he he established great “principle”: the ANTISTHENIS, the Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 among other he us, established aa great the among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. the acquisition of knowledge knowledge starts with the thein definition of the content of concepts. concepts. Based, therefore, therefore, on this this “principle” in first, if ifof not final, approach, the term term acquisition of starts with definition the content of Based, on “principle” aa first, not final, approach, the 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term 1 gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning)term (or gentrification (and 11 (and gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various gentrification urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social social groups, usually of low-income low-income andthe theremoval placement there of artists, artists, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (in various ways), of groups, usually of and the placement ways), of social social groups, usually of low-income low-income and the the placement there of artists, artists, the operation of art art galleries, restaurants, etc. However However this “change”, regardless of ways), of groups, usually of and placement there of the operation of galleries, restaurants, etc. this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results results also risingthis of “change”, land prices prices (and the theof the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, rising of land (and whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). potential relative potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found found at at first first in in the the UK UK in in early early 1960s 1960s and and itit refers refers to to The term gentrification is The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas ofto the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are London, upgrade them, stay stay themselves themselves sometimes sometimes there there and and thus thus old old residents residentsare are London, upgrade them, being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description description of of this this phenomenon phenomenon is is included included in in the the work work of of Sociologist Sociologist Ruth Ruth A A description description ofperiod, this phenomenon phenomenon is situations included in in the recorded work of of Sociologist Sociologist Ruth A of this is included the work Ruth GLASS at the the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at same while similar were in other major 1 GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. cities in countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars scholars and and for for its its more more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars and for its more scholars and for its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the various from the various below, from the the various various comprehensive approach are being summarized from interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: following: following: interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: category of of social social groups groups In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category reasons: high high costs costs in in money money to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: work place place is, is, lack lack of of the the and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Sociologist Ruth GLASS, GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in in centres, search for better The term comes from Ruth 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born sense1. safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where where she she made made her her first first studies. studies. In In 1932 1932 she she published published an an important important study study entitled: entitled: Berlin, services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. Unemployment. The The same same year year she she left left Germany Germany and and after after continuous continuous movements for Youth lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private car access to markets, etc. access markets, etc. studies and research research in Geneva, Prague, Prague, London and New Neweasier York she she cameto back to London, London, where studies and Geneva, London and York came back to where in According 1943 she she published published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In In 1950 1950 sheto became teacher in in the to another approach, the is due to systematic and in 1943 studies regarding city planning. she became teacher the aa systematic and University College College of of London, London, where where she she continued continued her her social research. Her public action and University social research. Her public action and manufacturers, brokers brokers of of buying buying long-term informal effortbyby organized groups, manufacturers, her work work are are characterized characterized by a passion passion for for justice. justice. See See also: also: COLLINS COLLINS ENGLISH ENGLISH DICTIONARY. DICTIONARY. her a part of the urban web, in and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm “voluntary”, (actually 1 G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Βλέπετε το υπόλοιπο του κειμένου στην ηλεκτρονική διεύθυνση της ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α., τ. 73/2013. 2147 25 11 21 25 11
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete
1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term (or gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 2521 11
13
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete
1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term (or gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 2521 11
14
E¶.A¶. A¶.TO¶. TO¶.AYT. AYT.¶EP. ¶EP.AN. AN./ R.DEC. / R.DEC.ADM. ADM.LOC. LOC.DEV. DEV.REG. REG./ R. / R.DEC. DEC.LOC. LOC.GOV. GOV.REG. REG.DEV. DEV. E¶.
GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete
1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term (or gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 2521 11
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types ofΓεώργιος Intervention, Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ (1916-1983 μ.Χ.) Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns
Ευγενία Γ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ (1916-1992 μ.Χ.)
By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete
ΔΗΜΟΤΙΚΑ ΤΡΑΓΟΥΔΙΑ ΔΥΤΙΚΗΣ ΘΕΣΣΑΛΙΑΣ ΚΑΙ ΙΔΙΩΣ ΤΗΣ ΠΕΡΙΟΧΗΣ ΣΟΦΑΔΩΝ
16
1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term (or gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and Επιστημονική Επιμέλεια long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Δρος Ευγενίας -Ltd. Μαρίας Κ. initially ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Β’ έκδοση G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Κ.Ε.Μ.Ε.ΑΝ. 2521 11 Αθήναι, 2021
E¶.A¶. A¶.TO¶. TO¶.AYT. AYT.¶EP. ¶EP.AN. AN./ R.DEC. / R.DEC.ADM. ADM.LOC. LOC.DEV. DEV.REG. REG./ R. / R.DEC. DEC.LOC. LOC.GOV. GOV.REG. REG.DEV. DEV. E¶.
GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention,
Δημοτικά Τραγούδια Δυτικής Θεσσαλίας και ιδίως της Definition, Types ofΣοφάδων intervention, Concerns of Gentrification ευρύτερης περιοχής Καταγραφές στην αχλύ του Μύθου Concerns Της Δρος Ευγενίας - Μαρίας Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ
By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS
Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Α. Γενική προσέγγιση By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Η αυγή της δεκαετίας της αρχομένηςStudent το έτος 1950 (μ.Χ.) συνάντησε of the School of Architecture ολόκληρη την Ανθρωπότητα μετά την τραγική Technical δεκαετίαUniversity 1940 - of 1950, Crete «ένθεν κακείθεν», σε κατάσταση αλλοφροσύνης, ελπίδας, προσδοκιών και 1. Introductory approach: Defining theπολιτική, concept κοινωνική, οικονομική, ονείρων για ειρήνη, πολιτειακή, 1. Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC,ερειπίων, Athens), πολιτισμική ευημερία καιDefining ανάταξη εν μέσω φόβου, 1 ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the εκατομμυρίων νεκρών και επισφαλούς διεθνούς σταθερότητας… Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge the definition of the content of concepts. Η Ελλάδα, παράstarts τουςwith ποταμούς αίματος των τέκνων της και τις acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on thisτις “principle” in a first, if not approach, the term τεράστιες καταστροφές, οποίες υπέστη κατά τονfinal, Β΄ Παγκόσμιο Πόλεμο 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification επεδίωξε από1το έτος 1950 την ανασυγκρότησή της σε όλους τους τομείς, gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various ενSociology μέσω as πλήθους δυσχερειών και όχι πάντοτε ευνοϊκής διεθνούς well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement συγκυρίας. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of Οι προσπάθειες εκτείνονταν σεetc. επίπεδο Εθνικό, Περιφερειακό και the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, However regardless whatever other has, results also risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof Τοπικό με όχι πάντοτε επαρκήhas, διαθέσιμα μέσαrising και οιofεπί μέρους whatever other consequences results also land pricesΤοπικές (and the potential relative speculation). Κοινωνίες και τα Μέλη τους αξιοποίησαν κάθε δεδομένη δυνατότητα potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to «ανασύστασης» στο έπακρο των at Κοινωνικών Δομών τους, της ανάκτησης The term gentrification found first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy people to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas της ευημερίας τους, και, βεβαίως, διάσωσης της πολιτιστικής τους London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are μακραίωνης being indirectlyταυτότητας “squeezed”. και της από αρχαιοτάτων χρόνων, (και 2 being indirectly “squeezed”. , με όσαinστοιχεία είναι δυνατόνRuth να προφορικής) Δημοτικής Παράδοσης A description of this phenomenon is included the work of Sociologist A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major προσδοθούν στον εν λόγω όρο. GLASS the same period, similar situations were recorded otherαυτή major cities in Western countries, bywhile other Researchers. Ηatπαρούσα έκδοση φιλοδοξεί να συνεισφέρει ακριβώςinπρος cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. then, the issue hasμε preoccupied several for itsαρχής more τηνSince τελευταία κατεύθυνση τις καταγραφές καιscholars τις κατάand καιρούς, Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from γενομένης το έτοςapproach 1950, ηχογραφήσεις επί τόπου Δημοτικών Τραγουδιών comprehensive are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: της Δυτικής Θεσσαλίας και ιδίως της ευρύτερης περιοχής Σοφάδων. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Η πρώτηphenomenon δημοσιοποίηση των εν λόγω Δημοτικών Τραγουδιών σε to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money ηχητική μορφή έγινε το έτος 1964 υπό μορφή μαγνητοταινιών, οι οποίες and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: 1 services ofΚωνστ. health, entertainment the heart of the city”, (possibly) Βλ. ΓΕ.education, ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ: Ο ρόλος των“at Ενόπλων κατά τους συγχρόνουςfor Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany andΔυνάμεων after continuous movements lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private car access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London Neweasier York she came to back London, καιρούς. Λόγος εκφωνηθείς εν Αθήναις (Ιερός Ναόςand Μητροπόλεως), παρόντος τουtoΠροέδρου της in According 1943 sheΚωνστ. published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she the to another approach, the phenomenon isτης due tobecame a systematic and Δημοκρατίας ΣΤΕΦΑΝΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ, της Πολιτικής Ηγεσίας Χώρας, της teacher Ηγεσίας in των University College ofΞένων London, where she her social research. Her public action and Ενόπλων Δυνάμεων, κ.ά.continued Τοgroups, κείμενο βλ. στην ΕΠ.Α.Τ.Α.Π.Α., τ. of 104/2021, long-term informal effortΠρέσβεων by organized manufacturers, brokers buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. (αναδημοσίευση). and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 2 Η σημασία τηςin Δημοτικής Παράδοσης είναι κατά“voluntary”, μία μάλιστα άποψη (Φώτης G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, order Abstract. to achieve the δεδομένη, “assisted”, (actually ΚΟΝΤΟΓΛΟΥ) «εάν ένας Λαός έχει ξεχάσει την παράδοση, είναι όπως ένας Άνθρωπος ο οποίος έχει χάσει την μνήμη του». 2521
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns
παρεδόθησαν σε διάφορους Φορείς, ενώ η έντυπη έκδοσή τους έγινε το έτος 1997, λόγω των επισυμβάντων θανάτων των αειμνήστων Ευγενίας και Γεωργίου ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ. Στην ανά χείρας έντυπη δεύτερη επανέκδοση προστίθενται νέα στοιχεία για την πληρέστερη κατανόηση του χώρου, του χρόνου και των Κοινωνικών Δομών, εντός των οποίων αυτά τα Δημοτικά Τραγούδια By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS «γεννήθηκαν», τραγουδήθηκαν, (πολλά εξ αυτών έχουν ηχογραφηθεί Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, μεταγενέστερα από σπουδαίους Λαϊκούς Ερμηνευτές) και ήταν η κύρια By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect αναφορά σε Λαϊκά Πανηγύρια. Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete
Β. Οι «Μαγούλες» κατά την Νεολιθική Εποχή της ευρύτερης περιοχής 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Σοφάδων (Ν. Καρδίτσας) 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, Ως γνωστόν, η Θεσσαλία εμφανίζεται στο (444 προσκήνιο της Ιστορίας ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: κατά την Νεολιθική Εποχή (6.500 π.Χ. 3.000 π.Χ) η οποία υποδιαιρείται acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. the 3. with thein acquisition ofυποπεριόδους knowledge starts definition the content of concepts. σε διάφορες Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term urban gentrification) the areaδημιουργούνται of Planning) (or gentrification Στην (and Θεσσαλία κατά την is indicated περίοδο (inαυτή 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of aαπό city area, the οποίους removal from (in various πολυάριθμοι Οικισμοί, πολλούς τους η this, Αρχαιολογική Sociology as well), as the “refining” of aέτσι city area, removal fromthere this, (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually low-income andthe the placement of Σκαπάνη έφερε στο φωςof και μας προσπορίζουν πολύτιμες ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of πληροφορίες για τις συνθήκες υποτυπωδών Κοινωνικών Δομών και the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this “change”, regardless of whatever other has, results rising of land prices (and the δράσεων των κατοίκων τους. has, results also rising of land prices (and the whatever other consequences potentialΣτους relative speculation). Σοφάδες και στην ευρύτερη περιοχή τους έχουν εντοπισθεί potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to διάφοροι νεολιθικοί Οικισμοί, Μαγούλες, γήλοφοι, αποτελούμενοι The term gentrification found atpeople first inχαμηλοί the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor συνήθως από 40 50 πλινθόκτιστες κατοικίες με ξύλινες σκεπές ή καλύβες the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof από κλαδιά δένδρων (υπό κώνου). London, upgrade them, stayμορφή themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Οι «πλίνθοι», νεώτερη ονομασία «πληθιά», κατασκευάζονταν από being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A και description ofperiod, this και phenomenon is situations included theμετά workκατασκευάζονταν of Sociologist Ruth χώμα (ακόμη στηνsimilar δεκαετία 1950in και GLASS at νερό, the same while were recorded in other major GLASS at theΣοφάδων same period, situations were recorded other major στην περιοχή κατά τονsimilar ίδιο τρόπο «πληθιά», αλλά μεinπροσθήκη cities in Western countries, bywhile other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other4 Researchers. άχυρων για μεγαλύτερη συνοχή). Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive being summarized below, from Σε μικρή approach απόστασηare από τις Μαγούλες, κατά την εκσκαφή για την comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, following: «λάκκες», απόληψη χώματος δημιουργούνταν μεγάλες the κοιλότητες, οι interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups οποίες εν συνεχεία λειτουργούσαν ως συλλεκτήρες νερού κατά τις βροχές, to “return” toστοιχείου the city, leaving the purlieus for several high costs in money αναγκαίου επιβίωσης, αντλούμενο καιreasons: από άλλες πηγές, όπως and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the π.χ. παρακείμενοι ποταμοί. termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Οι Ιστορικοί μεsheβάση διάφορα ανασκαφικά Berlin, where she made herκατατάσσουν, first studies. In 1932 published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same yearΜέση she leftΝεολιθική Germany andΠερίοδο, after continuous ευρήματα τις Μαγούλες στην (5.000 π.Χ. έωςfor lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 3 Βλ. real Κ. ΚΑΤΑΡΑΧΙΑΣ: Οι Μαγούλες της περιοχής Σοφάδων. Σε: of Λαογραφικό Μουσείο and selling estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Σοφάδες. Λάρισα, 1994, Abstract. σελ. 23. http://www.uncanny.net/ Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: wetzel/gentry.htm aΣοφάδων: variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 4 Η Οικογένειά μου διέθετε στους Σοφάδες από την δεκαετία του έτους 1910 και μετά, τέτοιες κατασκευές, οι οποίες κατεστράφησαν ολοσχερώς κατά το σφοδρό σεισμό του έτους 1954. 2521
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns
4.400 π.Χ.) καθώς και στην Νεώτερη Νεολιθική Περίοδο (4.400 π.Χ. έως 3.000 π.Χ.). Ενδεικτική αναφορά: Μαγούλες περιοχής Σοφάδων: Μαγούλα Χαμμάμια. Μαγούλα Καρέλα. Μαγούλα Αρβανίτη, εγγύς του ποταμού Ξερότροφος. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Τζάνη Μαγούλα, Harvard εγγύς του ποταμού Βρένικου. University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Μαγούλα Τσικαρλή, μεταξύBy των Ίτουλη και Βρένικου. Mr.ποταμών George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Μαγούλα Μεγάλο Παζαράκι. Student of the School of Architecture Technicalστο University of Crete Μαγούλα Ιερού Ναού Αγίου Γεωργίου Σοφάδων, κέντρο της πόλης, εγγύς του ποταμού Ονόχωνος, ο οποίος διασχίζει την πόλη. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Μαγούλα στο κέντρο της πόλης Σοφάδων, εγγύς των Σχολείων. 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), Μαγούλα Αμάραντος. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Μαγούλα Παλαιομάγουλα. among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. the Μαγούλα Βάλτος starts κ.ά. with the definition of the content of concepts. acquisition of knowledge Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term Κατά την Ιστορική προσέγγιση Οικισμοί, (και άλλοι, οι 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated aαυτοί first, ifοι(in not final, approach, the term gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1αναφέρονται οποίοι δεν εδώ), αποτελούν μία ενότητα, η various οποία gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in the areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal from (in αποκαλείται Ανατολική Ομάδα της Δυτικής Θεσσαλίας, ενώ σημαντικές Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ανασκαφές έχουν γίνει κατά Μαγούλες Τζάνη Μαγούλα, ways), of social groups, usually ofκαιρούς low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.στις However “change”, regardless of the operation ofconsequences art και galleries, restaurants, etc. However regardless Μεγάλο Παζαράκι αλλού, βεβαίως, από διακεκριμένους Αρχαιολόγους whatever other has, results also risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the Έλληνες και Ξένους. potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found atγια firstπερισσότερα in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Για όσους ενδιαφέρονται στοιχεία αναφέρονται The term gentrification found atpeople first inπηγές the UK in early 1960s and σειρά. itareas refers 5ofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor εν συνεχεία αρχαιολογικές και αρχειακές κατά χρονολογική the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Γ. Ειδικώτερη αναφορά περί Σοφάδων being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth Οat Οικισμός Σοφάδων επίσημα σε κρατικό έγγραφο GLASS the same whileαναφέρεται similar in other major GLASS at the same while situationsτου were recorded other major στην γενομένη από period, τουςby Τούρκους απογραφή έτους 1454inως Σοφού cities in Western countries, othersimilar Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. και υπό στοιχείο 55 τουhas σχετικού κειμένου, Τιμάριο του Σπαχή Φαναρίου Since then, the issue several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various και ανήκε διοικητικά στο Βιλαέτι Φαναρίου. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, the σε following: Άλλες of αναφορές περί Σοφάδων γίνονται διάφορα έγγραφα, interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a6sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups όπως: to “return” to the city,Απογραφή leaving the των purlieus for1454, several reasons: high costs in money Η Τουρκική ετών 1455. and timeΗtoΠρόθεση travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 215 της Μονής Βαρλαάμ, του έτους 1613/1614. termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for was bornουin sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, 17 Η Πρόθεση 39β Τρικάλων, των study 16ου -better Berlin, where she made her της first Μονής studies. Δούσικου In 1932 she των published an important entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for αιώνα. lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Η Πρόθεση της Μονής Δρακότρυπας, του έτους 1740. in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and ου - 19ου αιώνων. Ο Κώδικας της Μονής Φουρνά, τωνher 18 University College of London, where she continued social research. brokers Her public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 5 ΣΠΑΝΟΣ: Ιστορικά για Οικισμούς της περιοχής Σοφάδων. Σε: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: varietyΒλ.ofΚ.ways, in order to στοιχεία achieve the12“assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Λαογραφικό Μουσείο Σοφάδων: Σοφάδες. Λάρισα, 1994, σελ. 46 επόμ. 6 Βλ. Κ. ΣΠΑΝΟΣ: Ό.π., σελ. 49.
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Το αρχείο του Αλή Πασά του 19 αιώνα. Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Δ. Η ετυμολογία του τοπωνυμίου Σοφάδες Οι επί του θέματος Concerns απόψεις των ενασχοληθέντων συναφώς ου
Συγγραφέων, Αρχαιολόγων, Λαογράφων διΐστανται, ενώ εξ αυτών επικρατέστερες φέρονται δύο: By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Graduate School Design, Student, Κατά την πρώτηHarvard άποψη,University, μάλλον πλέον πιθανή, ο of όρος προέρχεται Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect από την χρήση «σοφάδων», By ήτοι υπερυψωμένων τετράπλευρων the School of Architecture χωμάτινων ή πέτρινων κατασκευών, υπό Student μορφή of εξέδρας ή ανακλίντρου Technical University of Crete επί των οποίων κάθονταν, εγευμάτιζαν, δειπνούσαν και κοιμόνταν, όταν οι 7: καιρικές συνθήκεςapproach: το επέτρεπαν 1. Introductory Defining the concept 1. Introductory Defining the concept «Προφανώςapproach: τοancient όνομα Σοφάδες προήλθε έξωθι των ANTISTHENIS, the Greek philosopher, (444 εκ BC -των 370 BC, Athens), κατοικιών εκ he χώματος ανακλίντρων υπόAthens), των ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, among otherκατασκευαζομένων wise heritage he left us, established a great the among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: κατοίκων του χωριού επί Τουρκοκρατίας. Τα τοιούτου είδους εκ χώματος acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with the of the content of concepts. κατασκευάσματα ωνομάζοντο τουρκιστί λόγω του ότι Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, ifΣοφάδες not final, approach, the term 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term (and urban is indicated (in the areaαυτών, of Planning) (or gentrification εχρησιμοποιούντο υπό gentrification) των κατοίκων προς ανάπαυσιν οσάκις 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology well), as the “refining” of aοικιών». city area, the removal from this, (in various ήθελαν ναasδιαμείνουσιν εκτός των Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityΣοφάδες area, fromthere this, of (in various ways), ofΚατ΄άλλη social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement artists, άποψη, το τοπωνύμιο ίσως προέρχεται από το ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of όνομα παλαιού ιδιοκτήτου της περιοχής, με βάση την πληροφορία, ότι the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this “change”, regardless of whatever other has, results rising of land prices (and the (ενδεχομένως) κατά την περίοδο της Νεολιθικής Εποχής, (άγνωστο σε whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). ποία υποπερίοδό της), η κατάληξη του πληθυντικού των επωνύμων ήταν potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to σε -άδες, όπως π.χ. Σοφός Σοφάδες, Μαυραχάς Μαυραχάδες κ.ά). The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofis8wealthy to buy property in poor : «Κατά την σημερινήν θέσιν των Σοφάδων Κατ΄άλλη αναφορά the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residentsεκεί areof ήτο η αρχαιοτάτη πόλις Φημίαις, κέντρο της λεγόμενης Αρχαίας Χώρας, London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. κοιτίδος των Βοιωτών». being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description of this is situations included inwere the δεν workυπάρχουν of Sociologist Ruth Σε σχέση μεperiod, τονphenomenon χρόνο ίδρυσης της πόλης πολλές GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, were recorded in other major ενδείξεις και γίνεται παραπομπή σε όσαsituations αναφέρθησαν προηγουμένως υπό cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied otherπερί Researchers. στοιχεία: Γ. Ειδικότερη Σοφάδων καιscholars όσα παρατίθενται Since then, the issueαναφορά has several and for its εδώ. more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more comprehensive being summarized below, from the Η πρώτηapproach γραπτή are αναφορά περί των Σοφάδων απαντάται σε comprehensive approach are Τρικάλων being summarized fromέτους the various 9 της of interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: Μονής Δούσικου υπ΄αριθμόν 36β του 1.530 Πρόθεση interpretations of the phenomenon of thecategory following: Inέτη a sense, phenomenon is due togentrification, a trendόπως of a new of social groups (86 μετάthe την απογραφή των Τούρκων, έχει ήδη αναφερθεί). to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high in money «”Χωρίον Σοφάδες” και ακολουθούν ένδεκα ονόματαcosts Αφιερωτών: and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the “Ιωάννου, Ιωάννου ποτε Ιερέ(ως) Ασπρούδος. Γιάννους Παναγιώτης termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for 7 lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc.where studies and Geneva, London and car NewΛάρισα, York she came to back to London, Βλ. research Περιοδική έκδοση: Prague, ΘΕΣΣΑΛΙΚΑ ΧΡΟΝΙΚΑ. 1935, σελ. 213. Θάνος Κ. in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became in the toΣοφάδες: another the phenomenon isΑθήναι, due a systematic and ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ: Ο approach, Τόπο μας: Μέρος Α΄: Τα Τοπωνύμια. 1994, σελ.teacher 181 επόμ. 8 University College of London, where she continued her social Her public and Βλ. ΕΓΚΥΚΛΟΠΑΙΔΙΚΟ ΕΛΕΥΘΕΡΟΥΔΑΚΗ. Αθήναι, ά. research. χρ., τόμ. 11, σελ. 661.ofaction long-term informal effortΛΕΞΙΚΟ by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 9 Πρόθεση ή Παρρησία: χειρόγραφη καταγραφήinitially υπό μορφή Βιβλίου υπόurban Καλογέρων and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation of part of the web, σε in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: όπου τα Χριστιανών, που αφιέρωναν τάματα στο (actually Μοναστήρι Gentrification: G.καταχωρούνταν ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aΜοναστήρια variety of ways, in order Abstract. to ονόματα achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, και οι Μοναχοί «ανταποδοτικά» τους εμνημόνευαν κατά τις λειτουργίες υπέρ σωτηρίας των ψυχών. 2521
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns
Ιερέ(ως). Στέριου Γεωργίου, Ιωάννου. Ιωάννου ποτέ Ιερέ(ως). Αργύρι. Περιστέρ(ας)”. Άλλα ονόματα μεταγενέστερης γραφής του 18ου - 19ου αιώνα, είναι: “Δημητρίου, Ακριβού, Ασπρούδος, Πρεσβυτέρας, Κυρίτζη, Στρατίκη”». Ε. Σοφάδες: μία σύγχρονη πόλη
Οι Σοφάδες ανήκουν διοικητικά στον C.Ν.ATHANASOPOULOS Καρδίτσας της By Mr. George-Sp. University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Περιφέρειας Θεσσαλίας,Harvard αποτελούν Καποδιστριακό Δήμο και αριθμούν By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect 12.000 περίπου κατοίκους. of the School of Architecture 10 και Η Πόλη έχει σύγχρονες υποδομές,Student μεγάλη επαγγελματική Technical University of Crete οικονομική δραστηριότητα, (ως παλαιό Κεφαλοχώρι), σημαντικές αγροτικές μονάδες και, Defining πέραν theαυτών, 1. Introductory approach: concept σημαντικές πολιτιστικές 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), καταγραφές. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, ης -Μαρτίου 1934 Η Εφημερίδα σε φύλλο της 11 ANTISTHENIS, the«ΚΑΡΔΙΤΣΑ» ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the 11 among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: αναφέρει: acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. ΣΟΦΑΔΕΣ. Ηon ΩΡΑΙΑ ΚΩΜΟΠΟΛΙΣ ΜΑΣ Based, therefore, this “principle” aΤΗΣ first,ΕΠΑΡΧΙΑΣ if of not final, approach, the term 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term (andπου urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification «Ο ξένος επισκέπτεται σήμερα τις Σοφάδες ευρίσκει αμέσως 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various μεγάλη διαφορά, τόσο εις την γενικήν εμφάνισιν της κωμοπόλεως όσον και Sociology asγένει well), as the “refining” of area, removal fromthere this,γεωργική (inartists, various ways), social groups, usually of low-income andthe the placement of εις τηνof εν κίνησιν αυτής. Οιa city Σοφάδες, άλλοτε καθαρώς ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of κωμόπολις σήμερα έχουν εξελιχθεί εις σημαντικόν αστικόν κέντρον χωρίς the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this “change”, regardless of whatever other has, results rising of land prices (and the βέβαια να other χάσουν ολότελα τονhas, γεωργικόν τουςrising χαρακτήρα. Ο πληθυσμός whatever consequences results also of land prices (and the potential relativeανερχόμενος speculation). εις 4.500 κατοίκους ασχολουμένους κατά το των Σοφάδων potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to πλείστον εις gentrification γεωργικάς εργασίας εν πάντοτε μεand την γύρωto The term found atpeople firstσυναρτήσει in the UK in early 1960s itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor of περιφέρειαν των 15stayχωρίων συναλλασσομένων κωμόπολιν the then observed trend of wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, themselves sometimes andμεthusτην old residents areof αποτελούν το “squeezed”. σημαντικότερο τμήμαsometimes της Επαρχίας Καρδίτσης μετά την London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and thus old residents are being indirectly πόλιν Καρδίτσα εις την συμβολήν τόσο της κινήσεως της Επαρχίας being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this is situations included the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth Καρδίτσης όσον και της phenomenon ενισχύσεως της ΕθνικήςinΟικονομίας. GLASS at the same while similar were in other major GLASS the same period, similar situations wereτης recorded in other major Η atζωτικότης εξ άλλου των κατοίκων αυτής κωμοπόλεως έχει cities in Western countries, bywhile other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied otherτης Researchers. επιφέρει την τεραστίαν εξέλιξίν και αποτελεί ασύνηθεςand φαινόμενον δι’ Since then, the issue has several scholars for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approachο are being του summarized below, various αγροτικήν περιφέρειαν τρόπος σκέπτεσθαι καιfrom του the δραν που comprehensive approach areΚαι being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: χαρακτηρίζει τους Σοφαδίτες. μπορεί να λεχθή μετά βεβαιότητος ότι interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups όλαι αι κατακτήσεις της κωμοπόλεως εις διάφορα ζητήματα έχοντα την to “return” city,πρωτεύουσαν leaving the purlieus for several reasons:αποκλειστικώς high costs in money αρχή των toειςtheτην ή αλλού οφείλονται εις and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work lack of the αυτήν την ζωτικότητα των Σοφαδιτών, η οποία κάνειplace την is, καλλιτέραν 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies town εντύπωσιν επισκέπτην, ο outside οποίος δεν centres, είναι δυνατόν εκentitled: των Berlin, whereεις she τον madeξένον her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germanyσκέψεως and after continuous προτέρων να περιμένη παρόμοιον τρόπον και αντιλήψεως εκfor lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, μέρους ανθρώπων κατοικούντων μια μικρή επαρχιακή γωνιά». in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work 10 are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Βλ. real Θάνος Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ: Σοφάδες: Ο Τόπος μας. Μέρος Επαγγέλματα. Αθήνα, and selling estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of partΒ΄:of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a1998. variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 11
Βλ. Θάνος Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ: Σοφάδες: Ο Τόπος μας: Μέρος Α΄: Τα Τοπωνύμια. Αθήναι, 1994, σελ. 179 επόμ. 2521
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns Η πόλη βομβαρδίστηκε την 2 Νοεμβρίου 1940 από ετά ιταλικά α
αεροπλάνα, άγνωστο για πιο λόγο, με υλικές ζημίες. 1941 από Ο βομβαρδισμός επαναλήφθηκε την 17η C.Απριλίου By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS γερμανικά αεροπλάνα και είχε ως συνέπεια τον θάνατο του Σταθμάρχη Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect του Σιδηροδρομικού Σταθμού Σοφάδων της γραμμήςC.Βόλου - Καλαμπάκας Student of the School of Architecture και της θυγατέρας του. of Crete Ιουλίου University 1943 από 43 Ο τρίτος βομβαρδισμός έγινε την 21η Technical γερμανικά αεροπλάνα, πουDefining προκάλεσαν τεράστιες καταστροφές, αλλά οι 1. Introductory approach: the concept Σοφαδίτες διεσώθησαν μετά από τολμηρή παρέμβαση Προέδρου της 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCτου - 370 BC, Athens), πόλης Φαρμακοποιού Γεωργίου ΖΟΥΡΝΑΤΖΗ συγγενούς της Οικογένειάς ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the μου, ο οποίος εξήγησε στον επί κεφαλής Γερμανό Διοικητή σε γαλλική among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. the γλώσσα, ότιofπροφανώς οι“principle” Σοφάδες επελέγησαν εκ παραδρομής, έναντι acquisition knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term άλλης γειτονικής περιοχής, εντός της οποίας δολοφονήθηκε γερμανός (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification πιλότος μετά αναγκαστική προσγείωση ελλείψει καυσίμων… Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of«ΘΕΣΣΑΛΙΚΗ a city area, removal fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), ofΠαρά social groups, of low-income andthe the placement ταύτα, ηusually Εφημερίδα ΦΩΝΗ» της Καρδίτσας σε ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ης the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of φύλλο της της 23 Αυγούστου 1946, σε καιρούς μάλιστα χαλεπούς…), the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the αναφέρει, μεταξύ άλλων: whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential«Στους relativeΣοφάδες speculation). έβλεπε πάντοτε κανείς ένα αέρα πολιτισμένο, μια potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to κοινωνία πουgentrification ήξερε το καλλίτερο και επιδίωκε αυτό με κάθε τρόπο. The term iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Από πολύ ενωρίς υπήρχαν κέντρα αναψυχής και “το ευρωπαϊκό the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof φουστάνι” φιγουράριζε όσο και στιςsometimes μεγαλουπόλεις. ένας London, upgrade them, stay themselves there andΜε thusμια old λέξη, residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. άνθρωπος συνηθισμένος από τη μεγάλη πόλη δεν αισθανόταν άσχημα, αν being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth βρισκόταν στους Σοφάδες, μπορούσε να κινηθεί με recorded κάποια η οποία A description ofperiod, this phenomenon isδεsituations included inwere the work of άνεση, Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major είναι απαραίτητη γιαperiod, τον by πολιτισμένο άνθρωπο». GLASS at the same while situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, othersimilar Researchers. cities inΟι Western countries, by otherκαι Researchers. περιπέτειες πόλης τωνseveral κατοίκων της, (και και Since then, the issueτης has preoccupied scholars and βεβαίως for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more της Οικογένειας Γ. Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ) δεν τελείωσαν εδώ: την 30ή comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various Απριλίου 1954of σεισμός 7 βαθμών της κλίμακας Ρίχτερ κατέστρεψε εκ interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend a new category socialμεταξύ groups θεμελίων κτήρια και άλλες υποδομές, ενώ of σκοτώθηκαν 7 of άτομα to “return” to και the city, leavingΠρόεδρος the purlieus for several reasons: highκαι costs money των οποίων ο άλλοτε Γεώργιος ΖΟΥΡΝΑΤΖΗΣ η in Σύζυγός and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the του Ελένη… termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Για άλλα θέματα Σας παραπέμπω στο γοητευτικό, συγκινητικό, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at με the heart of theτου city”, (possibly) Ανθρώπινο Πρόλογο πρώτης Συντάκτες Γονείς τουfor Youth Unemployment. Theτης same year she έκδοσης, left Germany and after continuous movements lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, πατέρα μου Καθηγητού Κωνσταντίνου ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ, Ευγενία Γ. in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ, (1916 1992) και Γεώργιο Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. (1916 - 1983). and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Τέλος, παρατίθενται, τονthe Πρόλογο, ενδεικτικές φωτογραφίες G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to μετά achieve “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually της εποχής.
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, ΠΡΟΛΟΓΟΣ Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Η καταγραφή των δημοτικών Concerns τραγουδιών που περιλαμβάνονται
στην ανά χείρας έκδοση είναι μία Byπράξη Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS αγάπης και σεβασμού για τους Harvard University, Graduateκαι School Design,με Student, Ανθρώπους τονofΤόπο, τους Byοποίους Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect και στον οποίο μεγαλώσαμε Student of the School of Architecture και ζούμε μαζύ εδώ και δεκάδες Technical University of Crete χρόνια. Και οφείλουμε αυτή την 1. Introductory approach: Defining έκφραση the concept της αγάπης και του 1. Introductory approach: the conceptγιατί οι Άνθρωποι αυτού ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek σεβασμού philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), Τόπου μας έδωσαν χαρές αι among other wise heritage he left us,του he established a great the among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the λύπες, definition of the content of concepts. αγωνίσθηκαν μαζύ μας για acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle”ευγενικούς in a first, if not final, approach, the term σκοπούς, πικράθηκαν για 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notτους final, approach, the term gentrification) is the area ofγια Planning) (or gentrification τις αποτυχίες και τις ιδικές 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various μας ατυχίες, είδαν να γκρεμίζωνται τα Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income theremoval placement σπίτιαand τους και τα σπίτια μας και ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of έκλαψαν δίπλα “change”, μας στους ίδιους the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of land prices (and theof τάφους, την ώραofπου όλοι whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising landπαλεύαμε prices (and the potential relative μαζύ να κρατηθούμε όρθιοι σε μπόρες potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to και inκατατρεγμούς The term gentrification found atpeople first the UK in earlyκαι 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in καταστροφές poor και σεισμούς και πλημμύρες και άνευ the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are λόγου, μερικές φορές, πάθη και μίση. being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included the work of Τραγούδια Sociologist Ruth ΤαininΔημοτικά της A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar were in other major πόλης μας, were των recorded Σοφάδων και major της GLASS at the same period, situations in other cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. ευρύτερης περιοχής της Δυτικής cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more μας νανούριζαν στα Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being Θεσσαλίας, summarized from πρώτα χρόνια της ζωής μας,various μας comprehensive approach are being summarized from the interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: συντρόφευαν αργότερα σε γάμους interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups καιfor several πανηγύρια και in money μας to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus reasons: high costs «παρηγορούσαν» πικρές ώρες and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where workσεplace is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in θανάτων προσφιλών προσώπων… sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Και ήταν πολλοί αυτοί οι θάνατοι το Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private car access to markets, etc.where έτος μ.Χ., τα κατοπινά πικρά studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and1940 Neweasier York she came back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. she teacher του in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due tobecame a systematic and χρόνια, τιςIn 1950 ώρες του σεισμού University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying έτουςSee 1954 …..….ENGLISH DICTIONARY. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. also:μ.Χ. COLLINS and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Ήταν τα“voluntary”, ίδια Τραγούδια που G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, (actually άνδρες και γυναίκες τραγουδούσαν Στρατηγός Διοικητής Στρατιωτικής Επιτροπής της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης επιδίδων 2521 11 τιμητική διάκριση στον Καθηγητή Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟ. Βρυξέλλες, 2018. 23
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete
1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term (or gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 2521 11
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete
1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term (or gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 2521 11
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, EΠIΘEΩPHΣH AΠOKENTPΩΣHΣ, TOΠIKHΣ AYTO∆IOIKHΣHΣ KAI ΠEPIΦEPEIAKHΣ ANAΠTY�HΣ Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification REVUE DE DECENTRALISATION, D’ ADMINISTRATION LOCALE ET DE DEVELOPPEMENT Concerns REGIONAL
REVIEW OF DECENTRALIZATION, LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT By*Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Tριµηνιαία Eπιστηµ�νική Έκδ�ση By Mr. George-Sp. Edition scientifique trimestrielle C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Quartely scientific review * Technical University of Crete Έτος ιδρύσεως έκδοσης1995 Α΄ τεύχους Έτ�ςκαι ιδρύσεως µ.X. 1995 μ.Χ. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the * concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept 106 /(444 2021BC - 370 BC, Athens), Numb.philosopher, Tεύ��ςDefining / Greek Numéro / Issue 68 / 2012 ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Απρίλι�ς, Μάϊ�ς, Ι�ύνι�ς 2012(444 Οκτώβριος, Νοέμβριος, Δεκέμβριος 2021 ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the * among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. the Kωδικ�ς: 014297 acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 * Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term (or gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) Iδι�κτήτης / Propriétaire / Owner gentrification1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or
Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually ofMEΛETΩN low-income andthe theremoval placement KENTPO EΠIMOPΦΩΣHΣ EPEYNAΣ KAI ANAΠTY�HΣ ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Aστική µη κερδ�σκ�πική Eταιρεία the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof whatever other consequences also of land prices (and the CENTRE DE FORMATIONhas, DESresults ETUDES DErising RECHERCHE ET DU potential relative speculation). DEVELOPPEMENT potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Société civile sans in butthe lucratif The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, CENTER upgrade them, stay themselves sometimesAND thereDEVELOPMENT and thus old residents areof OF EDUCATION RESEARCH London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there being indirectly “squeezed”. Civil not lucrative Association and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is *included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included/Editeur/Editor inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth Yπεύθυν�ς κατά ν�µ�, Eκδ�της GLASS at the same whileτ�ν similar in other major Kαθηγητής Kωνστ. ΓE. AΘANAΣOΠOYΛOΣ GLASS at the same period, similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile other Researchers. Prof. Const. GE. ATHANASSOPOULOS cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more * Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from Eπιστηµ�νικ�ς Yπεύθυν�ς: Kαθηγητής Kωνστ. ΓE. AΘANAΣOΠOYΛOΣ comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Responsable Scientifique: Professeur Const. GE. ATHANASSOPOULOS interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Scientific GE. In a sense, the Responsible: phenomenonProfessor is due toConst. a trend ofATHANASSOPOULOS a new category of social groups * for several reasons: high costs in money to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus Σύµ��υλ�ς Έκδ�σηςwhere work place is, lack of the and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, EΛΛHNIKO KENTPO AΠOKENTPΩΣHΣ, termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.TOΠIKHΣ ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, ΠEPIΦEPEIAKHΣ ANAΠTY�HΣ Berlin, where she AYTO∆IOIKHΣHΣ made her first studies.KAI In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Conseiller édition Youth Unemployment. The same year she leftd’ Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private car access markets, etc.where CENTER HELLENIQUE DE and DECENTRALISATION, studies and research Geneva, Prague, London Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the D’ ADMINISTRATION LOCALE ET DE DEVELOPPEMENT to another approach, the phenomenon is due aREGIONAL systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Edition Counsellor her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in HELLENIC CENTER FOR LOCAL 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd.DECENTRALIZATION, London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: GOVERNMENT REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. toAND achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 2521 11 29
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns
∆ιευθύνεται υπ� Συντακτικής Eπιτρ�πής εκ Kαθηγητών Πανεπιστηµί�υ και Eιδικών Eπιστηµ�νων. Σύστηµα Kριτών. Dirigée par Comité de rédaction de Professeurs d’ Université et de Scientifiques Spécialisés Directed by Edition Board of University Professors and Specialized Scientists System of external evaluators By*Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Tιµή τεύ��υς: 9 f Συνδρ�µές ετήσιες: Φιλίας: 300 f ∆ηµ�σίων Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Yπηρεσιών, N.Π.∆. και I.∆., ∆ήµων, N�µαρ�ιακών Aυτ�δι�ικήσεων,Tραπε�ών, By Mr. 30 George-Sp. C. 25 ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Eταιρειών: 150 f Iδιωτών: f Φ�ιτητών: 15 f Student of the School of Architecture E�ωτερικ�ύ: US $ 100, 100 € Technical University ofde Crete Prix: 9 f Abonnements: Prix d’ ami: 300 f Services Publics, Personnes Morales Droit Public ou Privé, Communes, Administrations Départementales, Banques, 1. IntroductorySociétés: approach: the concept 150 Defining f Individuels: 30 f Etudiants: 25 15 f 1. Introductory approach: the € BC - 370 BC, Athens), Etranger: US $concept 100, 100(444 ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, Price: 9 f the Subscriptions: Friendship: 300 f Public Services, ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us,Communities, he established a great the Legal Persons of Public or Private Law, Prefecture Administrations, among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the30content of concepts. the Banks, Societies: 150 f Individuals: f acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. 25 f Abroad: Students: 15 USif$not 100,final, Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, the term 100 €approach, 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term * is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification (and urban gentrification) ΥπεύθυνοςTυπ�γρα�εί�υ Τυπογραφείου 1 (and urban gentrification) Yπεύθυν�ς gentrification is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well),ΕΚΤΥΠΩΣΕΙΣ as the “refining” of a city area, the ΔΗΜΗΤΡΗΣ removal from this, (in various ΘΕΟΔΩΡΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ EI∆IKH EK∆OTIKH A.E.E.B.E. Sociology as well), as the “refining” ofΠλ. a city area,Αθήνα, the removal from this, of (inartists, various Μάρνη Βάθης, ways), of social groups, usually of 25, low-income the placement Xαλκ�κ�νδύλη 35,Tηλε�. Kέντρ�: (210) 5242177,and (210) 5226641, FAX:there (210) 5232409 τηλ.: 210.5234559, φαξ: email: theogi@otenet.gr ways), of social groups, usually of2105203633, low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of * the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof Tα δηµ�σιευ�µενα κείµενα απη��ύν τις απ�ψεις των Συντακτών τ�υς(and the whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices potential relative και δεν δεσµεύ�υν την EΠIΘ. AΠOK.,TOΠ. AYT. KAI ΠEP. AN. potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first * in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto theOιthen observed trend of to buy property in poor αναγγελίες εντ�ςtrend πλαισί�υ των νέωνpeople εκδ�σεων απ�τελ�ύν �ιλική πρ�σ��ρά the then observed of wealthy to buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade them,Yπευθύν�υ stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents τ�υ Eπιστηµ�νικ�ύ τ�υ Περι�δικ�ύ πρ�ς τ�υς Συγγρα�είς τ�υς are London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. * being indirectly ABάσει description of this phenomenon is included in the of Sociologist Ruth τ�υ N. “squeezed”. 2121/1993 και των σ�ετικών καν�νων τ�υwork ∆ιεθν�ύς ∆ικαί�υ απαA description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere work µε of �π�ι�ν Sociologist Ruth γ�ρεύεται η αναδηµ�σίευση ή η αναπαραγωγή (�λική ήthe µερική) δήπ�τε GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major GLASS atµε the�π�ι� same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major τρ�π� και δήπ�τε µέσ� των κειµένων τ�υ παρ�ντ�ς, �ωρίς πρ�ηγ�ύµενη cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. έγγρα�η άδειαthe τ�υ εκδ�τ�υ. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, issue has several scholars and for its more Toute reproduction d’ has un extrait quelconque de cette Revue, par quelque Since then, the issue preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various procédé que ce soit, et notamment par photocopie ou microfilm, est strictement comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interdite. interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: wholethe of the material appearing Review is a copyright may not be InThe a sense, phenomenon is due toinathis trend of a new category and of social groups whole in partthe without the permission the Editor. toreproduced “return” tointhe city,or leaving purlieus for several of reasons: high costs in money * and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the / Adresse / Address termat comes from∆ιεύθυνση Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Ίµ�ρ�υ 6, 11257 Aθήναι, τηλ.: 8647120, fax: (210) 8658868study entitled: Berlin, where she made her first studies. In (210) 1932 she published an important services of health, entertainment “at the heart of(210) the city”, (possibly) 6, education, GRThe - 11257, / ATHENS, 8647120, Youth IMVROY Unemployment. same ATHENES year she left Germany andteleph.: after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, fax: (210) 8658868 in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and * University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, ofaction buying http : // library.panteion.gr/pandemos •manufacturers, Eλληνικά περι�δικά her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in * 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually ISSNhttp://www.uncanny.net/ 1106-91-71
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