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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete
1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete
1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 252125 11
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification FOREWORD Themelis P Concerns PREFACE CONTENTS
Mergos G. and Patsavos N By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS CHAPTER 1 Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Introduction and overview By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Mergos G. and Patsavos N. Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete
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PART I: ARTICLES 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept CHAPTER 2 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek Towards an integrated approach to philosopher, funding cultural ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, established a great the heritage for Europe: Contribution byhe the European among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Investment Bank to funding cultural heritage projects acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Aymerich 1 (and urban Based, M. therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or CHAPTER 3 gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Euros are notwell), the as only fruit -ofreaping thearea, full harvest of from cultural Sociology as the “refining” of a city this,heritage (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually low-income andthe theremoval placement there of ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Bell G. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever CHAPTERother 4 consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices G. (and the potential relative Cultural heritage and the economic development agenda Mergos potential relative speculation). The term 5gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to CHAPTER The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Cultural Heritage: Investing in the future the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof Mendoni L. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. CHAPTER 6 “squeezed”. being indirectly A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth TheAcultural and public space fromin awere transnational description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the landscape same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major perspective cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities inD. Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Arnold Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from CHAPTER 7 comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the factor, phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Heritage as sector, and vector: Conceptualizing the shifting interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due a trend planning of a new of social relationship between heritage andtospatial Stegmeijer, E., groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Janssen J., Luiten E.and Renes H. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the CHAPTER 8 atcomes 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published study an important study entitled: Present the past, for whom, for what? Comparative of public services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for policy for economic and social values from rescued lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private car access markets, etc.where studies and creating research Geneva, Prague, London and Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the archaeological Inahata K. to heritage another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying CHAPTER 9 her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. heritage Wil. SONS AND Ltd.tourism: London 2009. The Free Encyclopedia: Cultural and sustainable TheWIKIPEDIA: challenges Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aCoccossis variety ofH.ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification CHAPTER 10 Intangible cultural heritage, local knowledge and sustainable Concerns management of cultural assets and environmental recourses
Fotopoulou S-V.
By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS CHAPTER 11 Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, The Maniatakeion inception of the ‘Historical memory and economic By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect development’ discourse Nanetti A. Student of the School of Architecture CHAPTER 12 Technical University of Crete
Cultural heritage and historical memory as a factor for the sustainable 1.development Introductory approach: Defining of the modern city:the A concept case study of the museum cluster 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, ‘Museumsinsel’ in Berlin Bitsani E. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great CHAPTER the 13 among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Investment and financing of cultural heritage projects Mergos G. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term CHAPTER 14 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Crowdfunding and social banking for cultural heritage projects gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Katseli L. and Boufounou P. Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, CHAPTER 15 the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results alsodevelopment rising of landMilanou prices (and theof Cultural tourism and regional economic K. and whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and16 the potential relative Tataridas G.CHAPTER potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UKdevelopment: in early 1960s and it refers to Cultural heritage for local economic Discovering The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor opportunities for cultural C. the then observed trend wealthy peopleentrepreneurship to there buy property inIkonomou poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof 1 are 7 London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thusCHAPTER old residents being indirectly “squeezed”. The economic value of cultural heritage assets: Methods and being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth approaches P. A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded inProntzas other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major CHAPTER 18 cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for more Financing heritage projects: Critical parameters and sources of its funding Since then, the issue has several below, scholars and for its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from the various Karaiskou E. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, theAND following: PART II:ofCASE STUDIES INTERVENTIONS interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups CHAPTER 19 to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Cultural heritage in dialogue with cultural identity: and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Ancient and contemporary mosaics incentres, Ravenna Marini M.G.in termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: CHAPTER 20 services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Promoting cross-curricular competences cultural heritage: The lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc. studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier Yorkin she came to back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the ST-ART-APP project PensoA. to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying CHAPTER 21 her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. value Londonand 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Cultural heritage asfor economic social opportunity: SPINNA G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually circle Dick E. and Ganguli R. 252127 11
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns CHAPTER 22
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Cultural heritage and spatial planning in Cyprus: The Integrated Urban By Mr. George-Sp. Development Plan of Pafos municipality PissouriosC.I. ATHANASOPOULOS and Sioulas M. Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, CHAPTER 23 By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Historic memory and sustainable development: An insight perspective Student of the School of Architecture by the Maniatakeion Foundation for the town of Koroni Inglezou V.of Crete Technical University CHAPTER 24 1. road Introductory approach: the concept The to ruin(s): How toDefining utilise historical and cultural resources for 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept the ancient Greek theANTISTHENIS, benefit of the community Best S.philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other he left us, he established(444 a great the CHAPTER 25wise heritage among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Aacquisition successfulofexample of starts development: Anavra Magnisias Rigos L, and knowledge with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Tsirigotis 1 (and urban Based, H. therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or CHAPTER 26 gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sustainable through the reactivation and revivalfrom of there Rural Sociology as growth well), as the “refining” of a city area, this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Network for the reuse of old school buildings Rigos I., and Tsirigotis H. of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever CHAPTERother 27 consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land Bank prices (and the potential relativeinspeculation). Sustainability cultural management: The case of Piraeus potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Cultural Foundation (PIOP) The term gentrification is found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Ringas C. observed trend ofwealthy the then wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof CHAPTER 28 them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are London, upgrade being indirectly “squeezed”. Promoting entrepreneurship in culture and creative industries in Ruth being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Europe: Industries Entrepreneurs’ - The CINet A description of this phenomenon is situations includedNetworks inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS atCreative the same period, while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major project Porftrio,J.A., HassidJ., andResearchers. Carrilho T. cities in Western countries, by other cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, issue has several scholars and for its more CHAPTER 29 the Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andin for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various The growth of consciousness towards cultural built heritage Albania: comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations the phenomenon of Sherifi gentrification, the following: A descriptive of historical approach H. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense,30 theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups CHAPTER to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Using web technologies for digitalization of cultural heritage and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Parthenios P,atcomes Mania K., Sociologist and Patsavos N.outside 1.of The term from Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies town centres, Berlin, where31 she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: CHAPTER services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for The Center of Mediterranean Architecture ineasier Chania: lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she came to back to London, 1943 for she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became teacherA. in the Ainlever local cultural, social, and economic development Kotsaki According to another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying CHAPTER 32 her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of building part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: The economics of preservation of an old industrial Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aMerges varietyG.ofand ways, in order Abstract. toT.achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Mouratidou
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CHAPTER 33 GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, People, buildings, machines: Reconstructing the past, looking to the Definition, of intervention, Concerns future: The contribution Types ofof the Gentrification Public Power Corporation in rescuing and promoting Greek industrial heritage Concerns Mavroidi M.
CHAPTER 34 Mr. development George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS The role of cultural heritage inBy local of Messinia, Greece Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Aliferi E.0 By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect CHAPTER 35 Student of the School of Architecture Cultural heritage as an engine of growth and local development the Technical University in of Crete municipality Pylou-Nestors, Greece Kafatitaris D. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept SUMMARY IN GREEK / ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗ 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, INDEX OF NAMES ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the INDEX
among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term EDITORS CONTRIBUTORS 1 (and Based, AND therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Editors gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various George Mergos is Professor Emeritus, Division of Development and Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, International Economics, Department of Economics, National the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, etc.also However regardless whatever other consequences has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof Kapodistrian University of restaurants, Athens, Greece. whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential speculation). Nikolas relative Patsavos is Adjunct Lecturer, School of Architecture, Technical potential relative speculation). The term of gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to University Crete, Chania, Greece. The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Contributors the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof Eleni Aliferi is them, Regional Vice Governor of Peloponnese, in residents charge of London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes there and thus old are being indirectly “squeezed”. Messinia Region, Kalamata, Greece. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Dana Arnold isofProfessor ArtisHistory, School of of Art, and A description this phenomenon included in the recorded work Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, whileofsimilar situations were inMedia other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major American Studies, University of Researchers. East Anglia, UK. cities in Western countries, by other cities inAymerich Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has scholarsGeneral, and for Projects its more Mario is Director, Advisor toseveral the Director Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Directorate, EIB, Luxemburg. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations phenomenon of gentrification, following: Graham Bellofisthe Director, North England CivictheTrust, Newcastle upon interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof to a trend of a new of Member social groups Tyne, UK, President, Hungarian Renaissance Foundation, of to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Council, Europa Nostra. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Eugenia Bitsani is Sociologist Professor Cultural and for Cultural 1.of The term from RuthofGLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS was born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside townPolicy centres, better Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Management, Technological Educational Institute of Peloponnese, services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Kalamata, Greece. lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. Professor, In 1950 sheto became teacher in the Paraskevi Boufounou is the Associate to another approach, is due aTechnological systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Educational Institution of Ionian Islands and Adjunct Lecturer, her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of University part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Department of Economics, National Kapodistrian of Athens, Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aAthens, varietyGreece. of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns
30
Tiago Carrilho is Assistant Professor, Social Sciences and Management Department, Universidade Aberta, Portugal. Harry Coccossis is Professor, Department of Urban Planning, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece. Emma Dick is Lecturer, Middlesex University Director of Projects Training at SPINNA Circle, UK. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS HarvardisUniversity, School of Design, Student, Stavroula-Villy Fotopoulou DirectorGraduate of Modern Cultural Assets and By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Intangible Cultural Heritage, Hellenic Ministry of Culture and Sports, Student of the School of Architecture Athens, Greece. Technical University of Crete Rupa Ganguli is with Clothing Connect, SPINNA Circle, UK. 1. Introductory Defining the concept Joseph Hassid approach: is Professor Emeritus, Department of Economics, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the Greece. ancient Greek philosopher, University of Piraeus, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us,Maniatakeion he established(444 aFoundation, great the Vasiliki Ingiezou is Director, Athens, among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Greece. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Constantinos is Adjunct Department of 1 (andIkonomou Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first,lecturer, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Economics, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece. gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Kohei Inahata is with the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), ofand social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Science Technology, Japan and etc. currently atthis the University College the operation of art galleries, restaurants, However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof London, Institute of Archaeology, London, UK. whatever other consequences has, resultsUniversity also risingand of land prices Center, (and the potential relative Joks Janssen isspeculation). Professor, Wageningen Research potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The Netherlands. The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trendisofis wealthy to buy in poor Dimirtios Kafantaris Mayor, Municipality ofproperty Pylos - Nestoras, Pylos,of the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are Greece. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Elisavet Karaiskou is Economist, National Social Agency, being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work Security of Sociologist Ruth Athens, Greece. A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Louka Katselicountries, is Professor, Department of Economics, National cities in Western by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, byAthens, other Researchers. Since then,University the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Kapodistrian of Athens, Greece. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the Amalia Kotsaki is Associate Professor, School of Architecture, comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, the following: Technical University of Crete of and Director, Center of Mediterranean interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon dueof togentrification, a Greece. trend of a new of social groups Architecture, Municipality ofisChania, to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Eric Luiten is Professor, Delft University of Technology, and member of and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the the 1. Board ofatcomes Government Advisors voorcentres, Rijksadviseurs), Thein term from Sociologist Ruth (College GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born sense ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Hague, The Netherlands. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for is Director, Ravenna Museum, Ravenna,Italy . etc.where Maria Grazia lower living cost Marini of, in “withdrawal” from private car access to markets, studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and Art Neweasier York she came back to London, in According 1943 Mavroidi she published regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became the Maria isstudies Historian - the Industrial Archaeologist, in teacher chargein of to another approach, is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Historical Archive of Public Power Corporation, Athens, Greece. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially ofof part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. LondonInstitute 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Lina Mendoni is Senior Researcher, Historical Studies, Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aNational variety of ways, in order Abstract. toFoundation, achieve the “assisted”, (actually Hellenic Research Greece. “voluntary”,
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, GraduateCenter School ofof Design, Student, Kyriaki Milanou is Learning Consultant, Sustainable By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Entrepreneurship Excelixi, Piraeus Bank Group, Kastri, Greece. Student of the School of Architecture Tzoulia Mouratidou is a Research Associate, Department of Technical University of Crete
Economics, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece. 1. Introductory Defining the concept Andrea Nanetti approach: is Associate Professor and Associate Chair (Research), 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, School of Art, Design and Media, Nanyang Technological University ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the Singapore. among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Panos Parthenios is starts Associate School of of Architecture, acquisition of knowledge with theProfessor, the content concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term Technical ofthis Crete, Chania,isinGreece. 1 (and urban Based, University therefore, on “principle” a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) indicated area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Antonio Penso is Director, Fondazione Flaminia, Ravenna, Italy. gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Ioannis Pissourios is Lecturer, School of Architecture, Land and Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, Environmental Studies, Neapolis University, Pafos, Cyprus. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences results Professor also rising of landPro-Rector prices (and for theof Jose Antonio Porfirio is has, Assistant and whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also Sciences rising of land prices (and the potential relative Projects, Research and Development, Social and Management potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Department, Universidade Aberta, Portugal. The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property poor Panagiotis Prontzas is Director, Grant Thornton, Athens,inin Greece. the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof Hans Renes is Professor, Utrecht University VU University AmsterLondon, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimesand there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. dam, The Netherlands. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Iakovos isofAssociate Professor, Schoolinwere ofthe Architecture, Technical A description this phenomenon is situations included work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS atRigos the same period, while similar recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major University of Crete, Chania, Greece. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, byis other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied scholars and for its more Christodoulos Ringas Head of several Department, Research and Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Educational Programs, Piraeus Bank Group Cultural Foundation (PIOP), comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: Athens, Greece. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Hevjola Sherifi is ExecutiveisDirector, Albanian Cultural Heritage to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Center, Tirana, Albania. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Michalis Sioulas Lecturer, School Architecture, Land and Environ1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth of GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes theis distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she Cyprus. published an important study entitled: mental Studies, Neapolis University, Pafos, services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Eva Stegmeijer Coordinator research lower living cost of,isin “withdrawal” from private car access to markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London andprogramming, Neweasier York she cameCultural back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the Heritage Agency of the Netherlands. to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying George Tataridas is Vocational Training Officer, Center of Sustainable her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate,Excelixi, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Entrepreneurship Piraeus Bank 2009. Group, Kastri, Greece. Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aHelen variety of ways, in to achieve the “assisted”, (actually Tsirigotis is order an Architect, Athens, Greece. “voluntary”, 252131 11