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Τοις Εντευξομένοις GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Ή Definition, ofΠερί intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Αστικής Ευθύνης του ConcernsΚράτους για παράνομες

πράξεις των Οργάνων του

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Του Κωνστ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ Harvard University, GraduateΓΕ.

School of Design, Student, Καθηγητού Σχολ. Νομικών και ΚοινωνικώνArchitect Επιστ.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Student of the School of Architecture και Μεταπτ. Προγραμμάτων Technical University of Crete Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος,

Καθηγητού Επισκ. Μετ. Προγρ. Σπ. Πανεπ. Αθηνών,

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Ομοτ. Καθηγητού ΠΑΝΤΕΙΟΥ Π.Κ.Π.Ε., 1. Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Ex Ch. U. L.BC, Bruxelles, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BCL.-“principle”: 370 Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the Ex. Int. I.I.A.P., Paris among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Γενική προσέγγιση Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, removal from this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe the placement there Το ιδιαζόντως εκτενές εύρος των συννόμων δράσεων της ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operationΔιοίκησης of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Δημόσιας και των εκφραζόντων «την τεκμαιρομένη» the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this “change”, regardless whatever other has, results rising of land prices (and the βούληση της Οργάνων της, ενδεχομένως, ενίοτε, πέραν του νομικώςof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative παραδεκτού έργου «να εκτείνεται» εκτός των ορίων της νομιμότητας, potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to (διαThe πράξεων ή παραλείψεων), επιφέρει συννόμως βλάβες σεto term gentrification found atνα first in the UKμη in early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy people to buy property in poor of 1 δικαιώματα και έννομα συμφέροντα Πολιτών κ.ά. the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof Επομένως, τίθεται θέμα επιμερισμού ευθυνών, London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus oldκαταβολής residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. αποζημιώσεων, επαναφοράς των πραγμάτων στην πρότερη A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth κατάσταση GLASS at theκ.ά. same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities inΤο Western by (άρθρο other Researchers. ισχύονcountries, Σύνταγμα 20) προνοεί εν προκειμένω και πέραν cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has scholars and for its more της συγκεκριμμένης επιταγής «εισάγει»several κατευθυντήριες οδηγίες προς Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from Νομοθετούντες και Διοικούντες: κάθε ένας έχει δικαίωμα στην παροχή comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: έννομης προστασίας από τα Δικαστήρια και μπορεί να αναπτύξει σε interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups αυτά τις απόψεις του για τα δικαιώματα ή συμφέροντά του, όπως to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money νόμος ορίζει. Το the δικαίωμα προηγούμενης ακρόασης and time to travel from purlieus toτης downtown, where work place is, lack ofτου the ενδιαφερομένου ισχύει και για κάθε διοικητική ενέργεια ή μέτρο, τοin 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: οποίο λαμβάνεται σε βάρος των δικαιωμάτων ή συμφερόντων του, και services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and 1 University College London, where she continued her social research.

Her public and Βλ.informal Αρτ. Δ.ofΣΑΒΒΙΔΟΥ: Οι ειδικώτερες ρυθμίσεις περί Ανθρωπίνων Δικαιωμάτων long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice.

See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. του Συμβουλίου της Ευρώπης και depreciation της Ε.Ε., Πάφος, 2017, σ. 23 επόμ. Κωνστ. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the initially of part of the urban web,ΓΕ. in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ: Δίκαιο της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, Τομ. Α΄. Νέα έκδοση. Αθήναι, 2008, G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually σ. 142 επόμ. Κ.Ε.Μ.Ε.Α. Α. ΡΑΪΚΟΣ: Θεμελιώδη Δικαιώματα. Αθήναι, 2002, σ. 203.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

ακόμη το Σύνταγμα (άρθρο 4) διακηρύσσει, ότι οι Έλληνες είναι ίσοι ενώπιον του νόμου, συνεισφέροντες στα δημόσια βάρη ανάλογα με τις δυνάμεις τους… Η προβλεπόμενη ως άνω παροχή έννομης προστασίας «καλύπτει» και τις περιπτώσεις εκείνες κατά τις οποίες η ευθύνη για την προσβολή εννόμων δικαιωμάτων και συμφερόντων των

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Διοικουμένων «βαρύνει» την Δημόσια Διοίκηση και τα Όργανά της. Εν Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, προκειμένω ως ευθύνη νοείται η ευθύνη του Κράτους εν γένει, των

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Νομικών Προσώπων του, (αδιακρίτωςStudent εάν of αυτά διέπωνται υπό the School of Architecture κανόνων Δημοσίου ή Ιδιωτικού Δικαίου), τωνTechnical Οργανισμών Τοπικής University of Crete Αυτοδιοίκησης α΄ και β΄ βαθμού κ.ά., συνεφελκομένη την υποχρέωση 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept καταβολής αποζημίωσης, επαναφοράς των πραγμάτων στην πρότερη 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, theπεριπτώσεις ancient Greekμη philosopher, κατάσταση κ.ά., σε σύννομης πράξης ή παράλειψης the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us,τους he established aΩς great the τωνANTISTHENIS, εκφραζόντων την βούλησή Οργάνων. εικός η εν λόγω among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ευθύνη, καλουμένη και starts αστική ευθύνη η εξωσυμβατική, είναι διάφορος acquisition of knowledge with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term εκείνης, η οποία εξ άλλης αιτίας, π.χ.ifαπό διοικητική σύμβαση.

1 (andαπορρέει Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Η ευθύνη του Κράτους εν γένει ρυθμίζεται υπό σχετικών gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various διατάξεων του Εισαγωγικού Νόμου του Αστικού Κώδικος, άρθρα 104 Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists,ways), of social groups, usually ofως low-income and thethis placement there of artists, 106, εκλαμβάνεται πάντοτε «αντικειμενική», (μη απαιτουμένης the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of 2 the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever otherτου consequences results also rising of land prices (and theof , «παράγεται» υπό σειρά προϋποθέσεων, υπαιτιότητας Οργάνου) has, whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, resultsσε also risingέργα) of land 3: prices (and the potential relative των ενδιαφερομένων παραπεμπομένων οικεία potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s it refers to Η γενομένη πράξη ή η σημειωθείσα παράλειψη ναand προέρχεται The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor από Όργανο του Κράτους, ή άλλου συσταθέντος υπ΄αυτού Νομικών the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof Προσώπων, όπως αυτά αναφέρθησαν προηγουμένως την άσκηση London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and κατά thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ανατεθείσας αρμοδιότητας, να είναι παράνομη, να είναι ζημιογόνος για being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth τον A Διοικούμενο, αιτιώδους συνδέσμου πράξης ή description ofυφισταμένου this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded workμεταξύ of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major παράλειψης προκληθείσης ζημίας, να προβλέπεται υπό των cities in Westernκαι countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then,διατάξεων the issue has several scholars and its more ισχυουσών ο preoccupied σε βάρος του Δημοσίου, τωνforΝομικών Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Προσώπων του κ.ά. καταλογισμός της κ.ά. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, following: Σε περίπτωση καταλογισμού σε βάροςthe του Δημοσίου και των interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Οργάνων του της ζημιογόνου πράξης ή παράλειψης η προβλεπόμενη to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money αποζημίωση είναι συνήθως χρηματική, καλύπτουσα ενδεχόμενη θετική, and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the αποθετική ζημία ηθική βλάβη του 1.of The term from Sociologist RuthΔιοικουμένου.

GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes theήdistributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth2Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Βλ. Κωνστ. ΓΕ.in ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ: Διοικητικό Δίκαιο. Νέα έκδοση. Αθήναι,etc.

2014, lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, where σ.in81, επόμ., 1943 sheΚ.Ε.Μ.Ε.Α. published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the According to another approach, the is due a systematic and 3 University College of London, where sheτου continued her social research.

Her public and Bλ.informal Γ. ΠΑΠΑΧΑΤΖΗΣ: Σύστημα ισχύοντος στην Ελλάδα Διοικητικού Δικαίου, long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her workεκδ. are characterized by a passion forΕπ. justice.

See also: COLLINS ENGLISH Διοικητικού DICTIONARY. Εβδόμη 1991. Ανατ.

1996. Αθήνα. ΣΠΗΛΙΟΤΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ: and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of partΕγχειρίδιο of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Δικαίου. Αθήνα, 2002. Π. ΔΙΑΓΤΟΓΛΟΥ: Γενικό Διοικητικό Δίκαιο. Αθήνα, 2004. Α. ΤΑΧΟΣ: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

4

Ελληνικό Διοικητικό Δίκαιο. Θεσσαλονίκη, 2005.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns Τέλος, σημειώνεται, ότι η

Byάλλοτε Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ισχύουσα ρύθμιση, βάσει της Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, οποίας ευθύνονταν «εις ολόκληρον»,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect τόσον Student το Κράτος, όσο και τα of the School of Architecture Όργανά του, Technical έναντι University of του Crete

Διοικουμένου,

σε

περίπτωση

1. Introductory approach: Defining επενεχθείσας the concept σε αυτόν βλάβης 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek (άρθρο philosopher, 105 του Εισαγωγικού Νόμου ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us,του he established a Κώδικα), great the Αστικού(444 έχει ήδη among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. προβλεπομένης πλέον acquisition of knowledge starts with theκαταργηθεί, the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term υπό των ifοικείων διατάξεων 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, notthe final, approach, the της term gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 ευθύνης του οργάνου κατά την gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various άσκηση των νομίμως ανατεθέντων Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, σε καθηκόντων μόνον έναντι the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.αυτό However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results rising of land pricesΝομικών (and theof του also Κράτους, των whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land (and the potential relative Προσώπων κ.α. για την prices αποζημίωση potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in οποία the UKαυτά in early 1960sκαταβάλει and it refersσε to την έχουν The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Τρίτους προκληθείσης the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people toεξ buyαφορμής property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves there and thus old residents areof βλάβης κ.ά. υπό Οργάνων London, upgrade them, stay themselvesζημίας, sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. των και μόνον λόγω δόλου ή being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth βαρείας αμελείας των.

A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Η προσωπική ευθύνη του cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has severalπροβλέπεται scholars and for its more οργάνου πλέον σε Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being ειδικές summarized below, from the various περιπτώσεις, όπως π.χ. στο comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: άρθρο 95 του ισχύοντος interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social Συντάγματος: η Διοίκηση groups έχει to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money υποχρέωση να συμμορφώνεται and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the προς τις1912-1940. Δικαστικές Ηin termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, Ruth Αποφάσεις.

GLASS for wasbetter born sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search Berlin, where she made her first studies. In παράβαση 1932 she published an important studyαυτής entitled: της υποχρέωσης services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for γεννά ευθύνη για to κάθε αρμόδιο lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she came back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.όμως In 1950 sheto became teacher in the Όργανο νόμος Νόμος to another approach, the phenomenon is due aορίζει. systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying ορίζει τα αναγκαία μέτρα για την her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: διασφάλιση της συμμόρφωσης της G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Διοίκησης.

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ΗDefinition, ΔΥΝΑΜΙΚΗ ΕΠΑΝΑΔΡΑΣΤΗΡΙΟΠΟΙΗΣΗ ΑΚΙΝΗΤΩΝ GENTRIFICATION Types of Intervention, ΩΦΕΛΕΙ ΣΗΜΑΝΤΙΚΑ ΤΗΝ ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΙΑ

Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Του κ. Παντ. Μ. ΛΕΠΤΟΥ Προέδρου του Παγκύπριου Συνδέσμου

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Επιχειρηματιών Ανάπτυξης Γηςofκαι Οικοδομών.

Harvard University, Graduate School Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

Η Κύπρος αποτελεί διαχρονικά ελκυστικό προορισμό για αγορά ακίνητης περιουσίας. Συνδυάζει που προσφέρει η 1. Introductory approach: Definingτα theπλεονεκτήματα concept 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept ιδιότητα του κράτους μέλους της Ε.Ε. και της Ευρωζώνης, της ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 με BC,αυτά Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), ασφάλειας, καιheτου καλού κλίματος. Τα πιο πάνω, among otherτης wiseποιότητας heritage heζωής left us, established a great “principle”: the among other wise he leftthe us,definition heοφέλη established aτην great the acquisition of knowledge with ofαπό the content of“principle”: concepts. του σε συνδυασμό με heritage τα starts προσδοκώμενα αξιοποίηση acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term φυσικού αέριου, συνθέτουν περιβάλλον θετικής προοπτικής για τα 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) of Planning) (or gentrification επόμενα χρόνια. επιβεβαιώνουν ότι ο area τομέας ακινήτων, 1 (andΠαράλληλα, gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various παρά τις asδυσκολίες που αντιμετώπισε στο πρόσφατο παρελθόν, Sociology well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, παραμένει κεντρικός πυλώνας ανάπτυξης της κυπριακής οικονομίας ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of και προόδου της κοινωνίας. Συμβάλλει σημαντικά στο ΑΕΠ, στην the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherκεφαλαίων consequences has, results also risingθέσεων of land prices (andσε the εισροή ξένων και στη δημιουργία εργασίας potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). χιλιάδες συμπατριώτες μας.

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend of to buy property inκλάδου poor ofto Οιterm δυνατότητες για περαιτέρω ανάπτυξη του είναι the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are θετικές. Ενδεικτικά, το 2018 οι πωλήσεις ακινήτων κατέγραψαν άνοδοof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”.

6%, σε συνέχεια των αυξήσεων των προηγούμενων χρόνων, ενώ στο being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work ofΤαυτόχρονα, Sociologist Ruth πρώτο τρίμηνο του 2019 καταγράφεται άνοδος οι A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the11%. work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major τιμές τωνatακινήτων, ωςby συνέπεια της situations αύξησης were της ζήτησης, συνεχίζουν GLASS the same period, while recorded in other major cities in Western countries, othersimilar Researchers. να καταγράφουν σταδιακή άνοδο σε όλες σχεδόν τις περιοχές της cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more ελεύθερης Κύπρου. Αυτό περιλαμβάνει όλες τις κατηγορίες Η comprehensive approach are being summarized below, fromακινήτων. the various comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various ανεργία στονofκλάδο καταγράφει μειώσεις αισθητά μεγαλύτερες από interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations of the phenomenon of thecategory following: In γενικό a sense, the phenomenon is due togentrification, aδυναμική trend of a new of social groups τον δείκτη ανεργίας, ενώ τάση καταγράφουν και to “return” to the city,δείκτες, leaving the for several reasons: high costs money άλλοι σημαντικοί πουpurlieus παρακολουθούν την πορεία του in κλάδου, and timeοιtoάδειες travel from the purlieus downtown, where work is, lack ofτου the όπως οικοδομής, οι toοποίες αφορούν στη place μελλοντική 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, δραστηριότητα και προδιαγράφουν περιθώρια Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she τα an importantπεραιτέρω entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at published the heart of the city”,study (possibly) Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for ανάπτυξής του. lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.

6

studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and Η ΣΥΜΒΟΛΗ ΤΟΥby ΠΡΟΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΟΣ ΠΟΛΙΤΟΓΡΑΦΗΣΗΣ long-term informal effort organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Τα Wil. τελευταία χρόνια οdepreciation κλάδος ανάπτυξης γηςof είχε σημαντική and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo initially of part the urban web, in 10th edit.

SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aσυμβολή variety ofστην ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, προσπάθεια να ανακτήσει σταδιακά η χώρα (actually μας την

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

αξιοπιστία και την καλή της φήμη και να επανέλθει η οικονομία σε ρυθμούς ανάπτυξης. Αναμφίβολα, η δυναμική ανάκαμψη της οικοδομικής βιομηχανίας οφείλεται σε μεγάλο βαθμό στο Πρόγραμμα Πολιτογράφησης μέσω επένδυσης και στο πρόγραμμα παραχώρησης άδειας μόνιμης παραμονής. Αυτό, άλλωστε, επιβεβαιώνεται και από τις πωλήσεις ακινήτων, οι οποίες, ενώ είχαν υποχωρήσει στο χαμηλότερο

By Mr. George-Sp.το C.2018 ATHANASOPOULOS επίπεδο το 2013 (3.767 πωλητήρια έγγραφα), ανήλθαν στις Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, 9.242, καταγράφοντας εντυπωσιακή αύξηση 145%. Ακόμη πιο Student, έντονη

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect ανοδική τάση καταγράφουν οι πωλήσειςStudent ακινήτων προς αλλοδαπούς, of the School of Architecture οι οποίες αυξήθηκαν από 1.017 το 2013 Technical σε 4.367 το 2018, University of Crete σημειώνοντας θεαματική αύξηση 330%. Η συμβολή του Προγράμματος 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Πολιτογράφησης μέσω επένδυσης επιβεβαιώνεται και από την αύξηση 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), theαξίας ancient Greek philosopher, τουANTISTHENIS, αριθμού και της των αδειών οικοδομής, οι οποίες αποτελούν ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: BC, Athens), among otherδείκτη wise heritage left us, he established a great the σημαντικό για τη he μελλοντική δραστηριότητα της370 οικοδομικής among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. βιομηχανίας. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Σύμφωνα μεurban στοιχεία της Στατιστικής οofαριθμός 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, Υπηρεσίας, if (in notthe final, approach, theτων term gentrification) is area Planning) (or gentrification 1 Αδειών Οικοδομής το 2018 ήταν αυξημένος κατά 30% έναντι του 2014, gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various ενώ η αξία των ακινήτων, που οι συγκεκριμένες άδειες αφορούν, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income thethis placement there artists, αυξήθηκε κατά 139%, από €859 εκατ. τοand 2014 σε €2,05 δισ. τοof2018. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other το consequences results also rising of land prices (andτου theof Επιπρόσθετα, Πρόγραμμαhas, συμβάλλει στην αύξηση των εσόδων whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). κράτους, στη δραστική μείωση της ανεργίας και στη συρρίκνωση των potential relative speculation). term gentrification is found at first in theενώ UK in early it refers to μηTheεξυπηρετούμενων χορηγήσεων, από 1960s τηνandπαρουσία The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor καταξιωμένων επιχειρηματιών διεθνούς αλλάinκαι νέων με the then observed trend wealthy people εμβέλειας, to there buy property poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof δυναμική προοπτική, ωφελούνται μιαthere σειρά τομέων και London, upgrade them, stay themselvesέμμεσα sometimes andάλλων thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. επαγγελμάτων, όπως ελεγκτικοί και νομικοί οίκοι, τράπεζες, ιδιωτικά being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth σχολεία, χώροι εστίασης και αναψυχής Η A description ofperiod, thisεπιχειρήσεις, phenomenon is included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS atτουριστικές the same while similar situations in otherκ.ά. major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major κριτική που δέχεται πρόγραμμα θεωρούμε ότι προέρχεται ή cities in Western countries, το by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then,από the issue preoccupied several scholars and for its more υποκινείται χώρεςhas που διατηρούν παρόμοια προγράμματα και Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various αντιμετωπίζουν τη χώρα μας ανταγωνιστικά. comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of να gentrification, thebelow, following: Το γεγονός αυτό επιβάλλει είμαστε ιδιαίτερα προσεκτικοί στη interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense,του theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of υπερβολές a new social groups διαχείριση προγράμματος, μακριά από καιofενέργειες, οι to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money οποίες θα μπορούσαν να αποδειχθούν ζημιογόνες. Τυχόν τραυματισμός and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the του 1.προγράμματος θαSociologist έχειresidencies σημαντικές επιπτώσεις, μόνο στον termat comes from Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruthόχι GLASS wasbetter born in sense ofThe safety the distributed outside town centres, search for Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: κατασκευαστικό τομέα, αλλά στο σύνολο της οικονομίας. Σε αυτό το services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for πλαίσιο, θα πρέπει να αποφεύγονται συχνές αλλαγές παραμέτρων του lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private car access to markets, etc. studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and Neweasier York she came back to London, where in According 1943 she published regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 she teacher in the Προγράμματος, οι studies οποίες προκαλούν σύγχυση αποθαρρύνουν εν to another approach, the isκαι due tobecame a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying δυνάμει επενδυτές. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

8

1. Introductory Defining the concept ΣΥΓΧΡΟΝΟ approach: ΚΡΑΤΟΣ ΚΑΙ ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΗΜΑΤΙΚΟ ΠΕΡΙΒΑΛΛΟΝ 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancient philosopher, Προϋπόθεση theγια να Greek συνεχίσουν οι ξένοι επενδυτές να ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek BC -“principle”: BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the εμπιστεύονται την Κύπρο αποτελεί ηphilosopher, εντατικοποίηση της370 προσπάθειας among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. για διαμόρφωση ενός ελκυστικού και σταθερού φορολογικού acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term περιβάλλοντος, ενός υγιούς τραπεζικού συστήματος και theενός 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, term gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 σύγχρονου λειτουργικού κρατικού μοντέλου. Η Κύπρος έχει να gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various αντιμετωπίσει έντονο διεθνή ανταγωνισμό. Ως εκ τούτου, το Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, μεταρρυθμιστικό έργο, που έχειetc.στόχο ένα κράτος λιγότερο the operation of art galleries, restaurants, However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has,ευέλικτο results also of land prices και (andτην theof γραφειοκρατικό, περισσότερο καιrising αποτελεσματικό whatever other consequences has, also rising of land prices (andνα the potential relative speculation). οικονομία πιο ανταγωνιστική και results ελκυστική για επενδύσεις, πρέπει potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to συνεχιστεί αταλάντευτα.

The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Ο τομέας των ακινήτων έχειpeople διαχρονικά αποδείξει μπορεί, the then observed trend wealthy to there buy property in ότι poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof μέσα απόupgrade τη δραστηριότητα και τηνsometimes εξωστρέφεια χαρακτηρίζει London, them, stay themselves there που and thus old residentsτις are being indirectly “squeezed”. επιχειρήσεις ανάπτυξης γης, να συμβάλει ουσιαστικά προς την being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth κατεύθυνση αυτή. Άλλωστε τη δοκιμασία A description ofperiod, this phenomenon isαπό included inwere the recorded workτων of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same whileμέσα similar situations inτελευταίων other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major χρόνων, αποδείχθηκε η στρατηγική επιλογή και η cities in Western countries, byπως otherαυτή Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then,κινητοποίηση the issue has several scholars and for its more δημιουργική των επαγγελματιών του κλάδου, οδήγησαν Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various στο άνοιγμα νέων αγορών και στην προσέλκυση νέων κεφαλαίων. Η comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, following: οικονομία τηςofχώρας μας χρειάζεται εταιρείεςthe που πρωτοπορούν, που interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In aευέλικτες sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend a new of socialκαι groups είναι στη διαφοροποίηση τωνofδιεθνών δεδομένων τις to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money χαρακτηρίζει η εξωστρέφεια. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Η Κύπρος χρειάζεται σοβαρές ξένες ναin The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS που wasbetter born sense1.of safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside townεπενδύσεις, centres, for Berlin, where she made her στην first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: προσθέτουν αξία οικονομία, δημιουργώντας ευρύτερο services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for αναπτυξιακό και νέες θέσεις εργασίας. Μόνο έτσι θα η lower living costόφελος of, in “withdrawal” from private access to markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came back toμπορέσει London, in According 1943 she studies cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the Κύπρος ναpublished καθιερωθεί ωςregarding ένα δυναμικό περιφερειακό επιχειρηματικό to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, buying κέντρο ανάπτυξης, αν θίγοντας διαρκώς νέους δρόμους. Her publicofaction her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually H ΚΑΘΗΜΕΡΙΝΗ, 2/6/2019

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Post ‘’BREXIT - ΣΧΕΔΙΟ’’: Πόσο ‘’OUT’’?

GENTRIFICATION Definition, TypesΠόσο of‘’IN’’, Intervention, Η μακροχρόνια και πολύπλοκη διαδικασία αποχωρήσεως του Definition, Types ofΕυρωπαϊκή intervention, Ηνωμένου Βασιλείου την Ένωση Concerns ofαπό Gentrification Post "BREXIT-PLAN": How much "IN", how much "OUT"?

Concerns The long and complex process of the United Kingdom’s withdrawal 1

from the European Union

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS κ. Θεοδώρ. ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΥ Harvard University, Του Graduate School ofΑ.

Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Διδάκτ. Οικονομ. και Κοινων. Επιστημ. Πανεπιστημίου Αμβούργου Architect StudentΠτυχ. of theΟικ.

School of Architecture Επιστ. Ε.Κ.Π.Α., Technical University of Crete Επισκ. Καθηγητού Ευρωπαϊκής Ολοκληρώσεως Παν/μίου Βόννης,

πρ. Στελέχους της Ε.Ε.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, [On 29 March 2017, the majority Government UK ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370ofBC,the Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the (Conservative, PM Theresa May) triggered the Article 50 of the Lisbon among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts withAfter theindefinition the content ofthis concepts.

Treaty to therefore, withdraw from the EU. positive response to request Based, on this “principle” aa first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notstarted final, approach, the term fromBased, the European Council, a negotiation period between EU27 gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification gentrification urban isarea, indicated (in the areaathis, of Planning) (or and the UK. At1 (and theasend of gentrification) this period, Mid. November 2018, BREXIT draft Sociology as well), the “refining” of a city the removal from (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usuallyfrom of low-income placement there ofMichel artists, agreement was proposed the EU and 27 the (Chief Coordinator ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However “change”,there regardless of BARNIER) toofanother UK Government (Conservative supported by the DUP the operation ofconsequences art galleries, etc.also However this “change”, regardless whatever other has, results rising ofarticle land prices (and the theof party of Northern Ireland, restaurants, PM Theresa May).

This describes whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential process relative and developments during this period and looks at a “new copotential relative speculation).

The termpartnership” gentrification is found at first the was UK in early 1960s and of it refers to operation post-BREXIT asinthis main target the UK The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UKthe in early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto Government following the Referendum of June 2016. the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof It seems that after a period of more than years the old final status of London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimestwo there and thus residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. the relations EU-UK beyond 29/3/2019 is not clear neither for the UK being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Government, for thephenomenon lawmakers of the House of while A description of this is situations included inwere theCommons work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the nor same period, while similar recorded in otherpeople major initiatives, politicians and media advocate for ex macina alternatives like “a GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. new referendum”, extention of art 50 (!) or Brexit with “no-deal”.

The Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several scholars andthe for various its more result sofar is a rise of economic uncertainty about below, the future.] comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Η πρόταση/σχὲδιο συμφωνίας (draft Withdrawal ή interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following:Agreement interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups BREXIT deal), για την οριστική αποχώρηση του Ηνωμένου Βασιλείου (ΗΒ) to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for ανακοινώθηκε several reasons: high costs inτην money από την Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση (ΕΕ 28), επίσημα 14 and time to travel fromαπό the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lackMichel of the Νοεμβρίου 2018, τον ‘’Επικεφαλής Διαπραγματευτή’’ 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, better BARNIER, εκ μέρους των 27 υπολοίπων Κρατών Μελών βάσει τουwas άρθρου Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart the city”,movements (possibly) 50 τηςUnemployment. Συνθήκης της Λισαβόνας, όπου ορίζεται η of διαδικασία για τηνfor Youth The same year she left Germany and after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London New York she came back toεφόσον London, αποχώρηση κράτους μέλους από τηνandΕυρωπαϊκή Ένωση, το in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying 1 are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. her work Βλ. επὶσης σχετικό άρθρο τουdepreciation Ιδίου στο τεύχος 90/2017 της Επιθ. Αποκ. Τοπ. Αυτ. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: και Περιφ. Αναπτ.: Θ.Α.ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΥ: "ΕΕ: ανακάμπτοντας από την οικονομική κρίση και η G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually αντίστροφη μέτρηση του BREXIT", Epitheorisi-athanasopoulos.webnode.gr

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

επιθυμεί. Το άρθρο ενεργοποιήθηκε για πρώτη φορά την 29 Μαρτίου 2017 από το ΗΒ, ως αποτέλεσμα του «οριακού» (51,9% πρὸς 48,1) δημοψηφίσματος της 23ης Ιουνίου 2016. Το κείμενο της πρότασης ήταν αποτέλεσμα προηγούμενων συζητήσεων, επαφών και διαπραγματεύσεων, σε ‘’αχαρτογράφητα ύδατα’’, εφόσον δεν υπήρξε προηγούμενο στην Ιστορία της ΕΕ. Ουδέποτε δηλαδή είχε συζητηθεί, με βάση τις Συνθήκες, η δυνατότητα

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS αποχωρήσεως από μιαHarvard εθελούσια ένωση κρατών, η οποία διευρύνετο University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS συνεχώς.

Architect Student of theενιαίο Schoolκείμενο of Architecture Το σχέδιο αυτό (BREXIT deal) περιελάβανε ένα 585 Technical University of Crete σελίδων, 3 πρωτόκολλα και πολλά παραρτήματα. Τα πρωτόκολλα αφορούν στις ιδιαίτερες περιπτώσεις συνόρων», δηλαδή 1. Introductory approach: Defining the«διευθετήσεως concept μεταξύ Δημοκρατίας της Ιρλανδίας και Β. Ιρλανδίας, Βασιλείου της 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BC, Athens), Ισπανίας και wise Γιβραλτάρ καιheτέλος, Δημοκρατίας της καιBC, Ηνωμένου ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 Athens), among other heritage left us, he established aΚύπρου great the Βασιλείου. (Στρατιωτικές Βάσεις Δεκέλειας και Αγίου Ευστρατίου). among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Υπάρχει, τέλος, στα παραρτήματα μια ifπρώτη προσέγγιση γιαterm τις acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, not final, approach, the 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated aμετὰ first,την if (in not final, approach, the term μελλοντικές σχέσεις του ΗΒ με την ΕΕ «οριστική (and urban gentrification) is the area ofαποχώρηση» Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification του ΗΒ, asγεγονός, που προβλέπεται βάσει υπάρχοντος Sociology well), as the “refining” of a city area, the του removal from this, (inσχεδίου various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement (BREXIT deal) πέραν του 2021. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of the operation of artdeal galleries, restaurants, etc.το However this “change”, regardless of Το BREXIT υιοθετήθηκε από Υπουργικό Συμβούλιο τουartists, ΗΒ, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has, results also rising of Εν landσυνεχεία prices (and εν μέσω other διαφωνιών και Υπουργικών παραιτήσεων. και the ενof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative μέσω αμφίπλευρου κλίματος δυσπιστίας, (ο Πρωθυπουργός του potential relative speculation).

The termτης gentrification found at first the UK in early and it refers to Βασιλείου Ισπανίας is εκφράζει ήδη in επιφυλάξεις για 1960s την «διευθέτηση» The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor του βρετανικού Γιβραλτάρ επι ισπανικού ο Πρόεδρος τουof the then observed trend wealthy people toεδάφους), buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are Ευρωπαϊκού Συμβουλίου Donald TUSK κάλεσε έκτακτη London, upgrade them, stay(ΕΣ) themselves sometimes there and thus oldσυνάντηση residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. κορυφής της ΕΕ 27 μe την Πρωθυπουργό του ΗΒ Theresa MAY, στις being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Βρυξέλλες, την 25 Νοεμβρίου ΕΣ of των Κρατών A description ofperiod, this phenomenon isπροκειμένου included inwere theτο work Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while 2018, similar situations recorded in27 other major 2. in other major Μελών να αποφασίσει επί του τελικού πλέον ‘’BREXIT deal’’ GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Σκοπός του άρθρου αυτού, είναιseveral να περιγράψει και, το Since then, the issue has scholars and forκατά its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more δυνατόν, να αναλύσει, τις τάσεις σε πολιτικό και οικονομικό που comprehensive approach are being summarized below, fromεπίπεδο, the various comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various συνόδευσαν και συνοδεύουν την πολύπλοκη και χρονοβόρα αυτή interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations of the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon togentrification, a trend of a new social groups πρωτόγνωρη διαδικασία για isταdue Ευρωπαϊκά Όργανα και τουςofΕυρωπαίους. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Τέλος, αποσκοπεί στο να δείξει τις διαφαινόμενες μελλοντικές σχέσεις και and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, work πολλαπλές επιπτώσεις της αποχωρήσεως του where ΗΒ από τηνplace ΕΕ. is, lack of the The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Υπενθυμίζεται, ότι το Συμβούλιο της ΕΕ1912-1940.

27 είχε εγκαίρως ορίσει τον Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of BARNIER health, education, entertainment “at the heartυπό of the (possibly) κ.Youth Michel ως same «επίσημο διαπραγματευτή» τηνcity”, ιδιότητα τουfor Unemployment.

The year she left Germany and after continuous movements lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she came to back to London, επικεφαλής της Υπηρεσίας Task Force Art.50, που δημιούργησε η in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying 2 her work are characterized by a passion for justice.

See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Βλ.Press statement byfor Michel Barnier (Article 50), Brussels 19ofNovember 2018 and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., theCodepreciation initially of part the urban web,και in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: https://ec.europa.eu/commission/sites/beta-political/files/the_withdrawal_agreement G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

10

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Ευρωπαϊκή Επιτροπή. Ανάλογο ρόλο εκ μέρους του Ευρωπαϊκού Κοινοβουλίου ανέλαβε ο Πρόεδρος των Φιλελευθέρων (ALDE) κ. G. VERHOFSTADT. Μετά την επίσημη κατάθεση της 29/3/2017 εκ μέρους της Κυβερνήσεως του ΗΒ3, της πρόθεσης για αποχώρησή του από την ΕΕ οι πολιτικές διαδικασίες ήταν σαφείς σε γενικό πλαίσιο βάσει των «κατευθύνσεων του Ευρωπαϊκού By Συμβουλίου». ΤαC. δύο Μέρη έπρεπε να Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS ολοκληρώσουν την «διαπραγμάτευσή τους» μέχριSchool την 29/3/2019 και να Harvard University, Graduate of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS επιτύχουν: Architect the School of Ιρλανδίας Architecture α) Μια Συμφωνία Αποχωρήσεως τουStudent ΗΒ καιofτης Βόρειας Technical University of Crete από την ΕΕ (συντεταγμένη αποχώρηση) και την Ευρωπαϊκή Κοινότητα Ατομικής Ενέργειας, και 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept β) Το πλαίσιο μιας μελλοντικής Συμφωνίας για μια «βαθύτερη σχέση 1.

Introductory approach: the concept (444 ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), συνεργασίας» μεταξύ των δύο Μερών δηλαδή, της (444 ΕΕ και ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BCΗΒ.

-“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Χαρακτηριστικό είναι, ότι το κλίμα, που επικράτησε στο ΗΒ ήταν το among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. σχεδόν ‘’Brexit is“principle” Brexit’’, τουλάχιστον σεcontent πολιτικό επίπεδο. acquisition of knowledge starts with thein definition the of concepts.

Based,δόγμα therefore, on this a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1η(and Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term Ταυτόχρονα εντύπωση που εδίδετοis στο Βρετανικό Κοινοβούλιο (House urban gentrification) indicated area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or ofgentrification Commons) ήταν τις διαπραγματεύσεις θα τις «υπαγόρευε» η Sociology as well), as theότι “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social usually of low-income there of artists, Επιστολή τηςgroups, Πρωθυπουργού T. MAY and και the όχιplacement οι κατευθύνσεις του ways), of social groups, usually of27, low-income and ανακοινώθηκαν thethis placement of artists, the operation ofΣυμβουλίου art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of Ευρωπαϊκού των όπως αυτές εγκαίρως, the operation of art2017. galleries, etc.του However this regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of “change”, land prices (and theof τον Απρίλιο του Η restaurants, Κυβέρνηση ΗΒ δημιούργησε και όρισε whatever otherspeculation). has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative περαιτέρω ένανconsequences State Secretary for the Exit from the EU, επίσημο potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification found at first in the UK in early to εκπρόσωπό της για τις isδιαπραγματεύσεις με την ΕΕ 1960s των and 27, itο refers οποίος The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor αντεκατεστὰθη τρείς φορές wealthy (!) έως σήμερα.

(David Davis from 13/7/17 to the then observed trend people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof 8/7/18, Dominique Raab from 9/7/18 to 15/11/18, Barcklay London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and Stephen thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. from 16/11/18 in function). Πρέπει να σημειωθεί εδώ η αδυναμία επίσης being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth του AΣυντηρητικού Κόμματος να isσυγχρονίσει ταrecorded μέλη του μεmajor την description ofperiod, this phenomenon included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations in other κυβερνητική στρατηγική, λόγω κυρίως των εμποδίων και συνεχών GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. αντιρρήσεων καιhas διενέξεων μεταξύ μελών της Κυβερνήσεως, της Since then, ακόμα the issue several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more ισχυρής κομματικής ομάδας ERG (European Research Group) του comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from theκαι various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, the various κυβερνητικού εταίρου DUP (Democratic Unionistthe Party) τηςfrom Β. Ιρλανδίας. interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In aΤο sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend a new groups κύριο σημείο της διαφωνίας ήταν,of μεταξύ άλλων,ofηsocial συνοριακή to “return” to the the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money διευθέτηση με city, την leaving Ιρλανδία μετὰ την οριστική αποχώρηση του ΗΒ and time to travel the purlieus downtown, where work place lack of the προκειμένου να from εξασφαλισθεί η to απρόσκοπτη λειτουργία της is, εσωτερικής 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies town centres, αγοράς μεταξύ των 27 Κρατών της ΕΕ. outside Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of επίσημη health, education, entertainment “at the heartΕπιτροπή of the city”,με(possibly) ανακοίνωση Ευρωπαϊκή τίτλο:for YouthΣε Unemployment.

The same year she η left Germany and after continuous movements lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, studies and research Prague, London and Ηνωμένου New York she came back to London, where Προετοιμασία γιαin Geneva, την αποχώρηση του Βασιλείου απόetc.την in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying 3 her work are characterized by a passion for justice. του See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Προηγήθηκε τηςetc., κατάθεσης ηdepreciation παραίτηση Sir Ivan έμπειρου Βρετανού and selling realCOLLINS estate, for theCo initially ofROGER, part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Διπλωμάτη, επικεφαλής της Μόνιμης Αντιπροσωπείας του Ηνωμένου Βασιλείου και G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Βόρειας Ιρλανδίας στις Βρυξέλλες.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση της 30ής Μαρτίου 2019: σχέδιο δράσης έκτακτης ανάγκης, (COM 2018/880 final) διαπὶστωνε: «Από τον Μάιο 2017, η ΕΕ και το Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο διαπραγματεύονται μια συμφωνία αποχώρησης. Πρόοδος επιτεύχθηκε σε επίπεδο διαπραγματευτών όσον αφορά στο νομικό κείμενο, καθώς και σχετικά με τις ρυθμίσεις για τη μεταβατική περίοδο μέχρι την 31 Δεκεμβρίου 2020, και τα αποτελέσματα ανακοινώθηκαν την 19 Μαρτίου

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS 2018. Την 19 Ιουνίου 2018, περαιτέρω κοινή Harvardαναφέρθηκε University, Graduate Schoolπρόοδος of Design,σεStudent, Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS δήλωση των διαπραγματευτών Byτης Επιτροπής C.και του Ηνωμένου Architect Student of the School of Architecture Βασιλείου4.

University Την 17 Οκτωβρίου 2018, το Ευρωπαϊκό Technical Συμβούλιο (άρθροof Crete 50) κάλεσε την Επιτροπή ως διαπραγματευτή της Ένωσης, να συνεχίσει τις 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept προσπάθειές της για την επίτευξη συμφωνίας με βάση τις κατευθυντήριες 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, γραμμές του Ευρωπαϊκού Συμβουλίου, που έχουν(444 ήδη συμφωνηθεί. Οιthe εν ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great λόγω διαπραγματεύσεις συνεχίζονται και η Επιτροπή ως among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the διαπραγματευτής της Ένωσης παραμένει στην επίτευξη acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first,προσηλωμένη if of not final, approach, the term 1 Based, therefore, onεύτακτη this “principle” inindicated a first,Παρά if (in notthe final, approach, theέχει term συμφωνίας για αποχώρηση. το γεγονός, ότι (andμια urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification επιτευχθεί πρόοδος σε πολλούς τομείς, και παράfrom τιςthis, σημαντικές Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this,ορισμένα (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement of προσπάθειες και τις εντατικές διαπραγματεύσεις, παραμένουν ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.συμφωνίας However thisμε “change”, regardless of σημεία διαφωνίας. Επιπλέον, η επίτευξη την Κυβέρνηση του the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has, results alsoότι rising land prices (and the Ηνωμένουother Βασιλείου δεν αποτελεί εγγύηση το of Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο θαof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative επικυρώσει τη συμφωνία αποχώρησης μέχρι την 29 Μαρτίου 2019. potential relative speculation).

TheΗterm gentrification is found at first in the UK in early and it refers to Ευρωπαϊκή Επιτροπή αποφάσισε, τέλος, την1960s 18/2/2019 «να The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor εντείνει τις δραστηριότητες ενημέρωσης επιχειρήσεων ΕΕareas στονof the then observed trend wealthy peopleτων to there buy property inτης poor London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are τομέα των τελωνείων έμμεσηςsometimes φορολογίας, ο ΦΠΑ, λόγω του London, upgrade them,και stayτης themselves thereόπως and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. διαφαινόμενου κινδύνου να αποχωρήσει το Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο από την ΕΕ being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth την A 30description Μαρτίου του τρέχοντος συμφωνία». ofperiod, this phenomenon isχωρίς included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while έτους similar situations in other major Η εκστρατεία αυτή θα συμβάλει στην ενημέρωση των επιχειρήσεων GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other τις Researchers. που επιθυμούν ναissue συνεχίσουν εμπορικές συναλλαγές το Since then, the has several τους scholars and for itsμε more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο μετά την 30 Μαρτίου, σχετικά με from το τι the πρέπει να comprehensive approach are being summarized below, various comprehensive approach areμια being summarized below, from the various κάνουν για ναofεξασφαλίσουν το δυνατόν ομαλή μετάβαση. Η interpretations the phenomenon ofόσο gentrification, theπιο following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trend a new of social groups προετοιμασία ενόψει της isαλλαγής του ofκαθεστώτος του Ηνωμένου to “return” to city,χώρα leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Βασιλείου σεthe τρίτη πρέπει να συνεχισθεί. and time to travel the purlieus toαυτής downtown, work place is, lack ofτην the Στόχος τηςfrom πρωτοβουλίας είναιwhere να ευαισθητοποιήσει 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, επιχειρηματική κοινότητα της ΕΕ, και ιδίως τις μικρές και μεσαίες Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, entertainment “at heart of the city”, (possibly) επιχειρήσεις. Για education, ναThe προετοιμαστούν έναthe σενάριο χωρίςfor Youth Unemployment. same year she leftγια Germany and after «αποχώρησης continuous movements lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New Yorkτους she came back to London, συμφωνία» και να συνεχίσουν τις εμπορικές συναλλαγές με το in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο, οι εν where λόγωshe επιχειρήσεις θα πρέπει να προετοιμαστούν University informal College of London, continued her social research.

Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 4

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Βλὲπε Ευρωπαϊκή Επιτροπή - Δελτίο Τύπου της 18/2/2019.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

κατάλληλα για οποιαδήποτε κατάσταση προκύψει μετά την 29 Μαρτίου 2019. Όπως υπογραμμίστηκε στην πρώτη ανακοίνωση της Επιτροπής της 19ης Ιουλίου 2018 σχετικά με την προετοιμασία για το Brexit, ανεξάρτητα από το προβλεπόμενο σενάριο, η επιλογή του Ηνωμένου Βασιλείου να αποχωρήσει από την Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση θα προκαλέσει σημαντικές αναταράξεις.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Τα ενδιαφερόμεναHarvard Μέρη, καθώς καιGraduate οι εθνικές και ενωσιακές Αρχές, University, School of Design, Student, Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS πρέπει να προετοιμαστούν για δύοBy πιθανά βασικά σενάρια: Architect Student of the of Architecture  Αν η συμφωνία αποχώρησης κυρωθεί πριν απόSchool την 30 Μαρτίου Technical University of Crete 2019, το Δίκαιο της ΕΕ θα παύσει να ισχύει ως προς το Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο και1. Introductory εντός αυτούapproach: από την 1η Ιανουαρίου Defining the concept 2021, δηλαδή μετά από μεταβατική περίοδο 21 μηνών. Η συμφωνία αποχώρησης περιλαμβάνει τη 1. Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), δυνατότητα μιας heritage μόνο παράτασης της μεταβατικής περιόδου τοAthens), πολύ ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, among other wise he left us, he established a great the κατά ένα ή δύο έτη. among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the  Ανtherefore, ηof knowledge συμφωνία αποχώρησης πριν από τηνterm 30 acquisition starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, on this “principle” aδεν first, κυρωθεί if of not final, approach, the 1 Based,2019, therefore, on υπάρξει this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the της term Μαρτίου δενurban θα μεταβατική περίοδος και η νομοθεσία (and gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification ΕΕ θα παύσει να ισχύει ως προς το Βασίλειο και εντός από Sociology as well), as the “refining” of aΗνωμένο city area, the removal from this,αυτού (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement την 30ofΜαρτίου 2019. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of the operation art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Ύστεραofαπό εκκλήσεις του Ευρωπαϊκού Συμβουλίου (άρθρο 50)artists, του the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other has, results rising of land prices (and theof και consequences Δεκεμβρίου 2018 για τηνalso εντατικοποίηση των εργασιών Νοεμβρίου whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative ετοιμότητας σε όλα τα επίπεδα, η Επιτροπή ενέκρινε, την 19 Δεκεμβρίου potential relative speculation).

The σχέδιο term gentrification is found at first in the in early νομοθετικά 1960s and it refers to δράσης έκτακτης ανάγκης καιUK διάφορα μέτρα, 2018, The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor μεταξύ άλλων καιtrend στον wealthy τομέα των τελωνείων. Τούτοin έπεται τωνof the then observed people to there buy property poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are και τον προηγούμενων ανακοινώσεων που δημοσιεύτηκαν Νοέμβριο London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes thereτον and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Ιούλιο 2018. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth δράση των Κρατών Μελών είναι, επίσης, ουσιαστικής σημασίας. Οι AΗ description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major εθνικές αρχές διαδραματίζουν καίριο ρόλο στην παρακολούθηση και την GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other του Researchers. καθοδήγηση προετοιμασιών τομέα. Σ' αυτή τη βάση, η Επιτροπή Since then,των the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and forτόσο its more διεξήγαγε τεχνικές συζητήσεις με τα summarized Κράτη Μέλη της ΕΕ των για comprehensive approach are being below, from27, the various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various γενικά θέματαofετοιμότητας όσοofκαι για τομεακά, νομικά και διοικητικά interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, the following: interpretations theΕπίσης, phenomenon the following: In a ετοιμότητας. sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new category of social groups μέτρα ξεκίνησαν επισκέψεις στα 27 Κράτη Μέλη της to to the city, the purlieus forοseveral reasons: high costsέκτακτης in money ΕΕ“return” προκειμένου ναleaving διασφαλιστεί, ότι εθνικός σχεδιασμός and time to travel from purlieus downtown, where work place is, lackτυχόν of the ανάγκης βρίσκεται σεthe καλό δρόμοtoκαι να διευκρινιστούν, εν ανάγκη, 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, ερωτήσεις σχετικά με τη διαδικασία ετοιμότητάς τους. Φαίνεται, όμωςborn ότιin Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of theτου city”,movements (possibly) σε πολλά Κράτη Μέλη όπως καιGermany στο ΗΒ αυτού είδους ηfor Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left and after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research και in Geneva, Prague, London andακόμη New Yorkσε sheπολύ came back to London, παρακολούθηση καθοδήγηση είναι χαμηλό βαθμό in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and ετοιμότητας λίγες μόνο ημέρες πριν από την συμπλήρωση των δύο ετών University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying herτην workαποχώρηση are characterized byΗΒ a passion justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. για του όπωςfor προβλέπεται. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns Το άμεσο μέλλον προβλέπεται να επιφέρει

14

σοβαρές εκπλήξεις ιδίως στις συνεδριάσεις του Βρετανικού Κοινοβουλίου στα μέσα Μαρτίου 2019,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS γεγονός που θα επηρεάσει, την Graduate άποψή μου, Harvardκατά University, School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS περαιτέρω δυσμενώς τις οικονομικές εξελίξεις. «Οι Architect Student of the School of Architecture καιροί ου μενετοὶ» για την λὺση του αδιεξόδου και Technical University of Crete της πρωτόγνωρης δοκιμασίας που υφίσταται ήδη η ευρωπαϊκή ολοκλήρωση, ως αποτέλεσμα 1. Introductory approach: Defining the conceptκυρὶως λαϊκιστικών, ρητορικών, ανεύθυνων πολιτικών.

1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, Η διαφορετικότητα της λειτουργίας του ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the βρετανικού κοινοβουλίου δημιούργησε για πρώτη among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the φορά σεtherefore, ευρεία κλίμακα στην Ευρώπη, την αίσθηση acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first,εθνικών if (in notthe final, approach, the term τηςBased, έντονης αντιπαλότητας μεταξύis των (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification στόχων as well), των Οιarea, πρόσφατες Sociology asΚρατών-Μελών. the “refining” of a city the removal from this, (in various Sociology asαντιπαραθέσεις well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement πολιτικές «εκπροσώπων του λαού» ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of που επικαλούνται ακόμη και διχαστικά the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other του consequences has,αφύπνισαν results alsoεκείνους rising of land prices (and theof επιχειρήματα μεσοπολέμου whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative που αναγνωρίζουν τα θετικά επιτεύγματα της ΕΕ. potential relative speculation).

Theπρώτη term gentrification found at first UK in early 1960s and it refers to Για φορά, στοis σύνολό της inηthe Ευρωπαϊκή The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor οικονομία π.χ. έχειtrend το χαμηλότερο the then observed wealthyποσοστό people toανεργίας buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof από ποτέ. Η συναίνεση καιthemselves η αλληλεγγύη σε κρίσιμες London, upgrade them, stay sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. στιγμές δοκιμασίας, παρά τις όποιες ελλείψεις, being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth έδειξε ότι λειτουργεί.

A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Άρα, όσο και να γίνει «άλλος», το Ηνωμένο GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western by other Researchers. Βασίλειο και the ηcountries, Βόρεια Ιρλανδία, οι σχέσεις η Since then, issue has preoccupied severalκαι scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more δικτύωση, καθώς και οare κοινός comprehensive approach beingπροσανατολισμός summarized below, from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various μεταξύ Βρετανών και υπολοίπων Ευρωπαίωνthe στο interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, following: interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, the following: In a sense, theof phenomenon isθα dueof to a trend of a new category of social groups κοινό αξιακό σύστημα επικρατήσει των toδιχαστικών “return” to the city, leaving purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money σειρήνων του the BREXIT. and timeΣτη to travel from the purlieus to work place is, lack of the σημερινή Ευρώπη, η downtown, πρόταξη where στενών 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, πολιτικοκομματικών συμφερόντων πάνω από το Ruth search Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heartηof the city”, (possibly) κοινόUnemployment. οικονομικό συμφέρον, που δημιούργησε Youth The same year sheήδη left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came to back to London, πιο ισχυρή αγορά του κόσμου, είναι μάταιος κόπος. in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and ΦαίνεταιCollege όμως,of ότι κάτιwhere τέτοιο έχει γίνει ακόμη University London, she δεν continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by aμόνο passion for Ηνωμένο justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. αντιληπτό και αυτό όχι στο Βασίλειο and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: αλλά και σε άλλα κράτη.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Σαμαράκης GENTRIFICATION Definition, Typesκαι ofΚύπρος Intervention,

Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Tου κ. Γιώργου ΓΕΩΡΓΗ ΚαθηγǤ ΠανεπǤ ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος Concerns ΚοσμήτǤ της ΣχǤ ΚοινωνǤ ΕπιστǤ, Τεχνών και ΑνθρωπǤ Σπουδώνǡ

πρǤ Πρεσβευτή της Κύπρου στην Ελλάδα

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, of Design, Student, Δύο Έλληνες λογοτέχνες αγάπησανGraduate με πάθοςSchool την Κύπρο. Ο Γιώργος

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Σεφέρης και ο Αντώνης Σαμαράκης. Ο Σεφέρης έφερε την Κύπρο πιο Student of the School of Architecture κοντά στον Ελληνισμό. Την έκανε πιο οικεία. Ο Σαμαράκης έγινε, μετά το Technical University of Crete 1974, ένας άτυπος πολιτιστικός πρεσβευτής του νησιού. Παντού, στα 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ταξίδια, στις αποστολές, στις συναντήσεις, στις συνεντεύξεις, στις ομιλίες 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept του, η Κύπρος, το δράμα, οι αγώνες και η αγωνία τηςAthens), ήταν ο ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444του BC -λαού 370 BC, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, πρώτοςother στόχος, κυρίαρχη αναφορά του. Αν ο aΣεφέρης έγινε Athens), φωνή among wise ηheritage he left us, he established great “principle”: the among other wiseνησί, heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a great the acquisition of knowledge with the content of“principle”: concepts. πατρίδας για το οstarts Σαμαράκης υπήρξε οofμεγάλος φίλος, ο αδελφός acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term στα δεινά, ο αγαπημένος συγγραφέας.

1 (and urban Based, therefore, “principle” inindicated a first,στο if (in not final, approach, the term gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification Η σχέση του μεon τοthis νησί πάει πολύ πίσω, 1931. Τέλος Οκτωβρίου 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various εκείνης της χρονιάς είχε ξεσπάσει στην Κύπρο στάση εναντίον της Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, of low-income theremoval placement αγγλικής κατοχής. Μεusually συλλαλητήρια και and διαδηλώσεις οι Κύπριοι είχαν ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation ένωση of art galleries, restaurants, etc. Howeverτης this εξέγερσης “change”, regardless of διεκδικήσει με την Ελλάδα. Επικεφαλής ήταν ένας the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof φλογερός ιεράρχης, ο μητροπολίτης Κιτίου Νικόδημος whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land Μυλωνάς. prices (and Οι the potential relative speculation). αγγλικές αρχές προσπάθησαν να συντρίψουν στη γένεσή της την πρώτη potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to αυτή δυναμική εκδήλωση του Οι αγγλικές The term gentrification foundεθνικού atpeople first inκινήματος. the UK in early 1960s andδυνάμεις itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ασφαλείας χτύπησαν στο ψαχνό τους διαδηλωτές. Η Κύπρος θρήνησε the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are τότε τα upgrade πρώτα θύματα. Συνέλαβαν και καταδίκασαν εκατοντάδες being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. διαδηλωτές, επέβαλαν συλλογικά πρόστιμα, απαγόρευσαν τη χρήσηRuth της A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ελληνικής σημαίας, την while ανάκρουση του ελληνικού εθνικού ύμνου, τα GLASS at the same period, similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western byτα other Researchers. ελληνικά βιβλίαcountries, Ιστορίας, χαρτιά και τα μολύβια με μπλε και άσπρες cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied otherκατασταλτικά Researchers.

Since then, the issue has severalμέτρα scholars for its more γραμμές και άλλα. Ανάμεσα στα ήτανand η σύλληψη και Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various η εξορία όσων είχαν πρωτοστατήσει στα επεισόδια ή γενικά είχαν comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon ofτου gentrification, thebelow, following: θεωρηθεί ηγετικές φυσιογνωμίες εθνικού κινήματος. Πολλοί από τους interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: social groups In a sense, έφτασαν theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, a όπου trend ofέτυχαν a new εξόριστους στην is Ελλάδα, θερμής ofυποδοχής. Ο to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money έφηβος Σαμαράκης, με τις πρώιμες ποιητικές ανησυχίες, είχε φορτισθεί and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the μέσα στο term κλίμα τηςfrom εποχής από Ruth τα δημοσιεύματα τουRuth αθηναϊκού Τύπου Sociologist GLASS, 1912-1940.

GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, search για τους αγώνες Κυπρίων. συγκίνηση και ευαισθησία του Berlin, where she madeτων her first studies. InΗ1932 she published an η important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly)for Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements μεγάλωσαν όταν γνώρισε κάποιους από τους εξόριστους Κύπριους lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, ͳ Ο δωδεκάχρονος μαθητής στο Βαρβάκειο, που έστελνε πατριώτες. in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College where she continued her social research.

Her public and συνεργασίες μεof London, ποιήματά του στα περιοδικά Παιδικός Κόσμος και long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 1 Αντώνης Σαμαράκης, 1919-Αυτοβιογραφία, Ψυχογιός, Αθήνα 2018, σ. 117.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Διάπλασις των Παίδωνǡʹ έγραψε τότε δύο πατριωτικά ποιήματα για την Κύπρο. Στο πρώτο περιλάμβανε την Κύπρο στους αλύτρωτους αδελφούς. Ήταν το πρώτο κυπριακό «Δεν ξεχνώ»: Δεν ξεχνώ πως έχω ακόμα αδελφούς μες στη σκλαβιά στης Ηπείρου τα λαγκάδια και στην Κύπρο τη γλυκιά.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

Μόνο εύχομαι να ζήσωBy Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture να τους δω στη λευτεριά Technical University of Crete την Ελλάδα ν’ αντικρίσω ͵ πιο μεγάλη πιοDefining πλατιά. the concept 1. Introductory approach:

1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, Το δεύτερο ποίημα με τίτλο «Κύπρος» αποτελεί έκφραση του ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the ελληνικού εθνικού ευσεβοποθισμού για ένωση της Β. Ηπείρου και among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. της Κύπρου την Ελλάδα. Ο ελληνισμός, ταλαιπωρημένος, ηττημένος και acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based,με therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1αναζητούσε Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, term διχασμένος μετά τη μικρασιατική καταστροφή έναthe κοινό (and urban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification ενοποιητικό στόχο. Η “refining” ένωση θαofαποτελέσει κυρίαρχο Sociology as well), as the a city area, the removalπανελλήνιο from this, (inαίτημα various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of aακόμη city area, fromthere this, (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement of και ψυχικό ενοποιητικό στοιχείο καιthe σεremoval περιόδους δοκιμασίας, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation art galleries, etc. However this “change”, regardless of όπως κατά of τον πόλεμο restaurants, και τον εμφύλιο, μέχρι την υπογραφή των the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, also rising land prices Συμφωνιών ΖυρίχηςǦΛονδίνου το results 1959. Γράφει για of την Κύπρο το(and 1932the οof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). έφηβος ποιητήςǣ potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is foundλαχταράς, at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Χρόνια και χρόνια The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Κύπρο trend την ώραwealthy της χαράς the then observed people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof που them, κοντάstay μαςthemselves θα σε φέρει, London, upgrade sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. φύσα λευτεριάς αγέρι. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Κύπρο μου, όμορφο νησί GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. ψυχή Since then,έχεις the issue ελληνική has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more και approach μοσχοβολούν Ελλάδα comprehensive arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various σου, τα λαγκάδια. interpretationsτα ofβουνά the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, μου, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Κύπρο έρχεται η στιγμή and time to travel the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the πουfrom ο καθένας καρτερεί, termat comes from Sociologist GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, να γιορτάσει πέρα ωςRuth πέρα Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) την μεγάλη τηνentertainment ημέρα.

Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Με την ΕλλάδαPrague, τη γλυκειά in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and θα of ’σαι μαζί where παντοτινά, University informal College London, she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 2 Στο ίδιο, σ.

17.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 3

16

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θα ’σαιGENTRIFICATION μες στην αγκαλιά της Definition, Types of Intervention, σαν και τ’ άλλα τα παιδιά της. of intervention, Definition, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Το ποίημα συγκίνησε τον καθηγητή της μουσικής στο Βαρβάκειο Concerns Ιωάννη Μαργαλιώτη που το μελοποίησε και έκτοτε πέρασε στα σχολικά Ͷ

βιβλία μουσικής στην Ελλάδαͷ και τραγουδιόταν στις εθνικές γιορτές, ιδιαίτερα σε περιόδους πατριωτικών εξάρσεων, όπως ήταν τα χρόνια του

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS κυπριακού αγώνα 1955Ǧ1959. Η Ελλάδα και η School Κύπροςof Design, τραγουδούσαν Harvard University, Graduate Student, C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Σαμαράκη χωρίς να γνωρίζουνBy Mr. ότι George-Sp. στιχουργός ήταν ο γνωστός Architect Student of the Architecture πεζογράφος. Ο Σαμαράκης μετά τον Παλαμάǡ που τοSchool 1901 ofέγραψε το Technical University of Crete ποίημα «Κύπρος»ǡ και πριν τον Σεφέρηǡ που το 1955 εξέδωσε την ποιητική συλλογή Κύπρον ου μ’ εθέσπισενǡ καιthe τον Ρίτσοǡ που το 1957 εξέδωσε τον 1. Introductory approach: Defining concept Αποχαιρετισμόǡ βάζει την Κύπρο στην ελληνική ποιητική γεωγραφία, μ’ 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BC, Athens), ένα ANTISTHENIS, ιδιαίτερα πολυτραγουδημένο στιχούργημα. the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the Ο Σαμαράκης κράτησε από τότε βαθιά μέσα το την εφηβική among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. του εμπειρία καιof αγάπη το νησί. ίδιος στην αυτοβιογραφία acquisition knowledge starts with Σημειώνει theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, onγια this “principle” a first,οif of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term του: gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Αν αγαπάς με όλη“refining” σου την of ψυχή και θέλεις να μιλήσεις αγάπη Sociology as well), as the a city area, the removal fromγια this,την (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of aπεις city πολλά area, removal from this, (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe the placement there of σου αυτή, μπορείς βέβαια να εξηγώντας και αναλύοντας ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of the operation of art galleries, thisσυμβαίνει “change”, regardless of ό,τι αισθάνεσαι. Από restaurants, τα παιδικά etc. μουHowever χρόνια μού να μηνartists, έχω the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising land prices (and theof εμπιστοσύνη σε μια τέτοια διαδικασία. Γιατίof νομίζω ότι με την whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative απαρίθμηση των λόγων για τους οποίους αγαπάς, δίνεις μεν ένα potential relative speculation). at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Theλογικό term gentrification σχήμα, αλλάis found τελικά δεν αποδεικνύεις τίποτα, είναι κάτι το The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor μάταιο. Είναι αδύνατον έτσι ναpeople διεισδύσεις μυστικό, τον μαγικό the then observed trend wealthy to there buyστον property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof χώρο του έρωτα, να ανακαλύψεις και να αποκαλύψεις που London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thusτο oldφίλτρο residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. συγκλονίζει το σώμα σου, το νου σου, την καρδιά σου. Φτάνει και being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ναperiod, πειςphenomenon «σ’ αγαπώ», λέει όλα. Θαrecorded ήθελα λοιπόν πω Aπερισσεύει description of this is τα included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations in otherνα major ͸ similar situations were recorded in other major εδώ: «Σ’ αγαπώ, Κύπρος».

GLASS at the same period, while cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other της Researchers. Φαίνεται ότι στιςhas αρχές δεκαετίας του ’50and ο for Σαμαράκης Since then, the issue preoccupied several scholars its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various itsκατά more εγκαταλείπει τηνapproach ποίηση, μια κατ’ εξοχήν θρησκευτική, όπου comprehensive areποίηση being summarized below, from the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various κύριο λόγο κυριαρχούν οι παιδικές προσευχές.the Ο following: πόλεμος, η κατοχή, ο interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups εμφύλιος καιthe ταof πέτρινα μετεμφυλιακά χρόνια, η οξεία παρατηρητικότητα to to the city, the purlieus severalσε reasons: high θεώρηση costs in money και“return” η κοινωνική τουleaving ευθυκρισίαǡ τον for οδηγούν μια άλλη της and time to travel from the purlieus downtown, περίτεχνα where workστο placeπεζογραφικό is, lack of the ζωής, πολύ διαφορετική, που θαtoεκφραστεί 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, του έργο. Ο Δημήτρης Δασκαλόπουλος σημειώνει ότι: Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and 4 University College of London, where she continued her social research.

Her public action and Αντώνης Σαμαράκης, Ποιήματα, Ψυχογιός, Αθήνα 2006, σ. 190.brokers long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying 5 her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Πάτροκλος Σταύρου, «Μια Καζαντζάκεια κραυγή», στο Θανάσης Νιάρχος, επιμ., and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Μαρτυρίες για τον Αντώνη Σαμαράκη, Καστανιώτης, Αθήνα 2000, σ.

208-210.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 6 Σαμαράκης, 1919-Αυτοβιογραφία, ό.π., σ. 113.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Αν συγκρίνουμε την αφανή σήμερα ποιητική προϊστορία του͹ με το γνωστό πεζογραφικό του έργο, μπορούμε να καταλάβουμε την απόσταση που διάνυσε, καθώς και την πραγματική στροφή του προς τα προβλήματα της εποχής.ͺ Και συνεχίζει: Και εκεί που θα περίμενε κανείς, έναν ακόμη ποιητή της σειράς, ξεπετάχτηκε ένας ανήσυχος πεζογράφος, συντονισμένος με τον παλμό

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ͻ και τις αγωνίες τουHarvard σύγχρονου κόσμου.

University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By τότε Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Η ελληνική λογοτεχνία έχασε έναν μέτριο ποιητή και Architect κέρδισε Student the School of Architecture έναν από τους σημαντικότερους πεζογράφους τηςof πρώτης μετεμφυλιακής Technical University Crete γενιάς. Το πρώτο του βιβλίο, η συλλογή διηγημάτων Ζητείται ελπίς,of που εκδόθηκε το 1954, δεν έμενε απλώς αζήτητη στους πάγκους των 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept βιβλιοπωλείων, αλλά οι βιβλιοπώλες δεν θέλησαν καν να το πάρουν ούτε 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), ͳͲ ως παρακαταθήκη. Χρειάστηκε ηus, κριτική του Παπανούτσου Βήμα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370στο BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left he established a great the για να τοother αναζητήσουν. among wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Στην Κύπρο ηonσυλλογή πέρασε απαρατήρητη απόapproach, την κριτική και acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, this “principle” a first, if of not final, the term 1 on this “principle”αν inindicated aέφτασε first, if (in not final, approach, the term τον Based, τύπο therefore, γενικά. Είναι άγνωστο στα λιγοστά κυπριακά (and urban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification βιβλιοπωλεία. Η σκλήρυνση της of αγγλικής διοίκησης μετάfrom το δημοψήφισμα Sociology as well), as the “refining” a city area, the removal this, (in various Sociology asτις well), as the “refining” of τις a cityαπεργίες area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually ofκαι low-income andthe theremoval placement του 1950, διαδηλώσεις που ακολούθησαν την ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants,Έθνη, etc. However this “change”, regardless of ελληνική προσφυγή στα Ηνωμένα είχε αρνητικές συνέπειες στην the operation ofconsequences art galleries, etc.also However regardless whatever other has,Ελλάδα. results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof πνευματική επικοινωνία μεrestaurants, την Οι αποικιακές αρχές επέβαλαν whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative λογοκρισία και απαγόρευση εισαγωγής βιβλίων που θεωρούνταν ύποπτα potential relative speculation). term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to γιαThe ανατρεπτικό περιεχόμενο.

The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then trend ofiswealthy to buy property in εκδόθηκε poor Το observed πρώτο μυθιστόρημα του Σαμαράκη κινδύνου τον the then observed trend wealthy people toΣήμα buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof Νοέμβριο του 1959 μήνες μετά την υπογραφή τωνold Συμφωνιών London, upgrade them,λίγους stay themselves sometimes there and thus residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ΖυρίχηςǦΛονδίνου, που προνοούσαν την ίδρυση της Κυπριακής being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Δημοκρατίας. Από τον Μάρτιο του is1959 μέχρι τονrecorded Αύγουστο του major 1960 A description ofperiod, this phenomenon included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations in other επικράτησε στο νησί ένα ιδιότυπο μεταβατικό καθεστώς, με τη συνέχιση GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, byκαι other της βρετανικής κυριαρχίας τηνResearchers. παρουσία του scholars Βρετανούand κυβερνήτη, τις Since then, the issue has preoccupied several for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more πρώτες ελεύθερες εκλογέςare που ανέδειξαν τον Μακάριο τον comprehensive approach being summarized below, Πρόεδρο from the και various comprehensive approach are being summarized from various Φαζίλ Κιουτσούκ Αντιπρόεδρο της Κυπριακής Δημοκρατίας, τοthe διορισμό interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations of the phenomenon of thecategory following: In πρώτων a sense, the phenomenon due togentrification, a trendλειτουργία of a new of social groups των Υπουργών καιisτη βαθμιαία 10 Υπουργείων της to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 7 Τα ποιήματα του Σαμαράκη εκδόθηκαν το 2016 σ’ ένα τόμο, από τιςin term fromΑντώνη Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS was born sense1.ofThe safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better Berlin, where she made her firstτου studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: εκδόσεις Ψυχογιός, με πρόλογο Θανάση Νιάρχου services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth8Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Δημήτρης Δασκαλόπουλος, «Αντώνης Σαμαράκης», στον τόμο Η toμεταπολεμική lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back London, πεζογραφία. πόλεμο τουregarding ’40 ως the τηcity δικτατορία ’67, τόμος Ζ΄, Σοκόλης, Αθήνα in According 1943 she Από published studies planning.του In 1950 sheto became teacher in the toτον another approach, phenomenon is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and 1988, σ. 54-99. long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying 9 her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Στο ίδιο. and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 10 Ευάγγελος Παπανούτσος, «Ένας διηγηματογράφος», Το Βήμα, Αθήνα 30 G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

18

Σεπτεμβρίου 1954.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Δημοκρατίας. Ένας άνεμος ελευθερίας και δημιουργίας έπνεε στο νησί. Εκδόθηκαν τότε τα περιοδικά Νέα Εποχή τον Μάρτιο του 1959ǡ γύρω από το οποίο συσπειρώθηκε η αριστερή διανόηση, Πνευματική Κύπρος, τον Οκτώβριο του ίδιου χρόνου, εθνοκεντρικό, που εξέφραζε τους συντηρητικούς λογοτεχνικούς κύκλουςǡ και ακολούθησαν τον Νοέμβριο του 1960 τα Κυπριακά Χρονικά, πρωτοποριακό περιοδικό της νέας γενιάς. Στα Κυπριακά Χρονικά δημοσιεύθηκε η πρώτη κριτική για το

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Σαμαράκη. Ο λόγιος δημοσιογράφος, μεGraduate προέλευση από την Αριστερά, Harvard University, School of Design, Student,

By Mr. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Αλέκος Κωνσταντινίδης παρουσίασε το George-Sp. 1961 το Σήμα κινδύνουǡ που είχε Architect the School of Architecture εκδοθεί το 1959, μαζί με Το φράγμα του Student Σπύρουof Πλασκοβίτηǡ που είχε University of Crete τα δύο βιβλία είχε το εκδοθεί το 1961Ǥͳͳ Το κριτικό σημείωμα για Technical χαρακτηριστικό τίτλο «Η αγωνία του σημερινού ανθρώπου στην 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept σύγχρονη ελληνικήapproach: πεζογραφία». Ο Κωνσταντινίδης παρατηρεί εύστοχα 1. Introductory the concept (444 BC ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, - 370 BC, Athens), ότι: ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the Μερικοί είδαν στο «Σήμα Κινδύνου» μόνο την απόγνωση among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. του ανθρώπου που στο the αδιέξοδο. δεν είναι Στη acquisition of knowledge starts with the content ofαλήθεια. concepts.

Based, therefore, on φτάνει this “principle” indefinition a first,Αυτό if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and Based, therefore, on του this “principle” inindicated a first, notthe final, approach, term συμβολική πράξη ήρωα στο τέλος του ifβιβλίου, που τραβά τοthe σήμα urban gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification τουas κινδύνου τραίνο,ofβρίσκεται όλο το νόημα Αν Sociology well), as σ’ theένα “refining” a city area,κιthe removal fromτου this,βιβλίου. (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways),το of social usuallyδεν of low-income and the placement there of artists, σήμα groups, του κινδύνου μπορέσει να ταράξει στη μακαριότητά του ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless of τον χωρίς ανησυχίες άνθρωπο τότε δενthe μπορεί να τον ξυπνήσει the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has,σύνθημα. results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof κανένα κήρυγμα και κανένα whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential Το relative πολύ δύσκολο αυτό θέμα ο Σαμαράκης το χειρίζεται με δεξιοτεχνία potential relative speculation).

Theκαι term gentrification is found atμάλιστα first in theσελίδες UK in early and itόπως refers οι to πειστικότητα. Μερικές της 1960s νουβέλας The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor συναντήσεις και συζητήσεις στο τονareas άλλοof the then observed trend wealthyανάμεσα people to buyΒασιλειάδη property inκαι poor London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are ήρωα το βιβλίου, τον Αριστείδη Δημακόπουλο, είναι γραμμένες London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residentsμε are being indirectly “squeezed”. τρόπο αριστοτεχνικό και φανερώνουν ένα συγγραφέα με πραγματικό being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Aταλέντο. description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Το σημείωμα του Κωνσταντινίδη κλείνει με τη διαπίστωση ότι GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities Western countries, byπρώτη other Researchers. ΟinΣαμαράκης με την κιόλας several νουβέλαscholars του, που διαβάζεται με Since then, the issue has preoccupied and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more ενδιαφέρονapproach τόσο για το τηςsummarized και τον πρωτότυπο χειρισμό όσο comprehensive areθέμα being below, from the του various comprehensive approach are being summarized the various και για το προσωπικό του συγγραφέα και from το χιούμορ που interpretations of τόσο the phenomenon ofύφος gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In aδιαποτίζει sense, theof phenomenon togentrification, a trend a new of social groups αρκετές απ’ isτιςdue σελίδες της,ofδείχνει ότι δεν είναι μόνο ένα to “return” to the city,πεζογραφικό leaving the purlieus for αλλά several high costs in money αξιοπρόσεχτο ταλέντο κιreasons: ένας συγγραφέας που τον and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown,του where workμας place is,που lack με of the βασανίζουν τα πιο καυτά προβλήματα καιρού και το The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in ͳʹ sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for έργο του φέρνει νέους κραδασμούς στην πεζογραφία μας.

Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies 11 and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where Αλέκος «Κριτική. Ηplanning. αγωνία του ανθρώπου in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon In 1950 sheto became teacher στην in the toΚωνσταντινίδης, another approach, the isσημερινού due a systematic and Universityπεζογραφία.

College of London, where she continued social research.

Her public and σύγχρονη Αντώνη Σαμαράκη: “Σήμαher κινδύνου”, νουβέλλα, Αθήνα 1959. long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her workΠλασκοβίτη: are characterized by a passionμυθιστόρημα. for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Σπύρου φράγμα”, Αθήνα Κυπριακά Χρονικά, and selling realCOLLINS estate,“Το etc., for theCodepreciation initially of1961», part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: τεύχος 11, Λευκωσία 1961, σ.

465-466.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 12 Στο ίδιο.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Η κυπριακή κριτική στάθηκε γενικά διστακτική απέναντι στο έργο του Σαμαράκη. Τον Νοέμβριο του 1961 κυκλοφόρησε το τρίτο βιβλίο του, μια συλλογή με έντεκα διηγήματα, κάτω από τον τίτλο Αρνούμαι. Παρόλο που η συλλογή πήρε το Κρατικό Βραβείο Διηγήματος το 1962, θα περάσουν άλλα τρία χρόνια μέχρι το 1965 οπότε θα γράψει για το βιβλίο η Μαίρη ΠατρόκλουǦΣταύρου στην Πνευματική Κύπρο. Η Σταύρουǡ που περιγράφει και τα έντεκα διηγήματα της συλλογής, βρίσκει ότι δεν

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS υπάρχει αισιοδοξία στα Harvard διηγήματά τουǣ Graduate School of Design, Student, University, Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Κι εδώ βρίσκεται η αρνητικήBy προσφορά του Σαμαράκη. Πεσιμιστής ο Architect of the School Architecture ίδιος, δεν αφήνει περιθώρια για μια Student θέσι. Στο έργο του of επικρατεί η University of Crete άρνησι και θέτει συνεχώς προβλήματα χωρίς Technical τη λύσι τους. Φυσικά καταλήγει ότι: 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Ο Σαμαράκης εκφράζεται με σύγχρονα μέσα, έχει ύφος πρωτότυπο, 1.

Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), προσωπικό με ancient φράσι μικρή, μεστή από νόημα δίνει-“principle”: το πνεύμα του ANTISTHENIS, the Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wiseκαι heritage he left us, he established a great the ͳ͵ καιρού μας και την αγωνία της εποχής μας. among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Φάνταζε λίγοon υστερόχρονη κριτική της Σταύρου γιαofτοconcepts. Αρνούμαι, acquisition of knowledge starts withηthe the content Based, therefore, this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, notthe final, approach, theείχε term πουBased, είχε κυκλοφορήσει το 1961ǡ αφού τον ifΝοέμβριο του 1965 (and urban gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification κυκλοφορήσει τοasΛάθος, το μυθιστόρημα καθιέρωσε Sociology as well), the “refining” of a city area,που the removal fromολοκληρωτικά this, (in various Sociology as well), the “refining” of a city area, removal fromthere this, (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe the placement of τον Σαμαράκη ωςasπεζογράφο ολκής. Φυσικά στην Κύπρο τα μηνύματα ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of artμε galleries, restaurants, etc.Έπρεπε Howeverπρώτα this “change”, regardless of έφταναν πάντα λίγη καθυστέρηση. να εκφραστεί το the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of landγια prices (and the κέντρο για να πεισθεί η περιφέρεια. Πρώτος θα γράψει το Λάθος οof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relativeκριτικός speculation). λογοτεχνικός της αριστερής εφημερίδας Χαραυγή Πανίκος potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found atκαι firstΤέχνη»Ǥ in the UK ͳͶ in early 1960s and it refers to Παιονίδης, στη στήλη «Φιλολογία The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy in poor Λίγους μήνες trend αργότερα θα παρουσιάσει Τοproperty λάθος στην Πνευματική the then observed wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof Κύπρο ο upgrade εκδότηςthem, και διευθυντής της, Κύπρος there Χρυσάνθης. στην London, stay themselves sometimes and thusΑπλοϊκή old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. προσέγγιση η κριτική του, καταλήγει σε μια επιφανειακή παρατήρηση για being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth τη γλώσσα του μυθιστορήματος: A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Όλα εκφράζονται με απλή γλώσσα, τη σημερινή τρέχουσα γλώσσα GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied otherΔε Researchers. των αθηναϊκών γραφείων. θα βρης καμμιά ακρότητα, αλλά ούτε Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more και γλωσσική χαλαρότητα. Λείπει η ωραιολογία οποιουδήποτε comprehensive approach are being summarized below,του from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various τύπου κι’ofηthe προσπάθεια γιαofδημιουργία παράξενου και πρωτότυπου interpretations phenomenon gentrification, the following: interpretations of theβασίζεται phenomenon of thecategory following: In aύφους, sense, the phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of aγλωσσικών new of social groups που να κυρίως σε άγρα εκπλήξεων ή σε ͳͷ to “return” to the city, leaving theκι’ purlieus for several reasons: high in money διανθισμό με παράξενες εκπληκτικές παρομοιώσεις καιcosts εικόνες. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth13Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Μαίρη Σταύρου, «Αντώνηfrom Σαμαράκη: Αρνούμαι», Πνευματική Κύπρος, τεύχος lower living costΠ.of, “withdrawal” private access markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, where 62, Λευκωσία 1965, σ. 58-59. in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and 14 University College Παιονίδης, of London, where she continued her social research.Αντώνη Her public and Πανίκος «Ηorganized κριτική του βιβλίου “Το λάθος”, Σαμαράκη», long-term informal effort by groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work Λευκωσία are characterized by a passion1966. for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Χαραυγή, 10 Φεβρουαρίου and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 15 Κύπρος Χρυσάνθης, «Αντώνη Σαμαράκη: Το Λάθος, Αθήνα 1965, εκδ. Εστίας», G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

20

Πνευματική Κύπρος, τεύχος 76, Λευκωσία 1967, σ. 128.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Η πανελλήνια και η διεθνής επιτυχία του μυθιστορήματος είχε μεγάλη απήχηση και στην Κύπρο, παρόλο που το νησί από τον Δεκέμβριο του 1963 διένυε μια νέα περιπέτεια με τις πρώτες δικοινοτικές ταραχές. Η απονομή από την ομάδα των 12 (Τίτος Αθανασιάδης, Ηλίας Βενέζης, Κωνσταντίνος Δημαράς, Άλκης Θρύλος, Ανδρέας Καραντώνης, Στέλιος Ξεφλούδας, Ι. Μ. Παναγιωτόπουλος, Ευάγγελος Παπανούτσος, Μιχαήλ ͳ͸ του Βραβείου Στασινόπουλος, Γιάννης ΧατζίνηςByκαι Πέτρος Χάρης) Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Σαμαράκη έγινε Graduate θέμα στον κυπριακό τύπο και Κώστα Ουράνηͳ͹ στον Harvard University, School of Design, Student, By του.

Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS συνέβαλε ιδιαίτερα στη δημοφιλία Παρουσιάζοντας τον Σαμαράκη Architect Student of the School of στους αναγνώστες της, η εφημερίδα Τελευταία Ώρα ανέφερε ότιArchitecture το έργο Technical University of Crete του είχε μεταφραστεί στη Γερμανία, Ιταλία, Νορβηγία, Αυστρία, Ελβετία, Φινλανδία, Γιουγκοσλαβία Ουγγαρία. Τόνιζε μάλιστα ότι: 1. Introductory approach:και Defining the concept Στη Δανία το έργο του έχει περιληφθή σε ειδική κρατική έκδοση για τη 1. Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), σύγχρονη λογοτεχνία καιleft διδάσκεται στα σχολεία. Σημειώνουμε ακόμα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he us, he established a great the πως τον τελευταίο χρόνο έχει δώσει το παρών του παίρνοντας among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the δημόσια προοδευτικές θέσεις πάνω ζωτικά προβλήματα που acquisition of knowledge starts with thein definition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first,σε if of not final, approach, the term 1 Based, therefore, on Ελλάδα: this “principle” in a first, if (in notπραξικοπήματος, final, approach, theυπέρ term απασχολούν την Κατά is του αυλικού (and urban gentrification) indicated the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification της asνομιμοποίησις του Κ.Κ.Σ., υπέρ απόλυτης Sociology well), as the “refining” of a city area,της the removal fromτων this,πολιτικών (in various ͳͺartists, Sociology as well), asκατά the “refining” of a city area, removal fromthere this, (in ways), of social groups, usually low-income andthe the placement various κρατουμένων, της of δικτατορίας, κατά της λογοκρισίας κ.λ.of ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants,άρθρο etc. However “change”, regardless of Σε εκτεταμένο ανυπόγραφο της, ηthis αντιπολιτευόμενη τον the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has, results rising of land prices (and theof Μακάριο other εφημερίδα Πατρίς, με τίτλο «Η also πρωτοποριακή μας πεζογραφία. whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Αντώνης Σαμαράκης. Ο συγγραφέας μιας εποχής», σημείωνε ανάμεσα σε potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to άλλα: The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Ο Αντώνης Σαμαράκης ανήκειpeople σ’ αυτούς προεκτείνοντας τονof the then observed trend wealthy to there buyπου, property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are προβληματισμό πέρα από sometimes τον αιφνιδιασμό της φθοράς, ζώντας London, upgrade them,τους stay themselves there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. και αναπνέοντας, όμως, το κλίμα της πνευματικής παρακμής, being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth δυνάμεις στη θεραπεία της πάσχουσας διάνοιας Aστρατεύουν description ofτις this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while τους similar recorded in other major της ανθρωπότητας, οραματιζόμενοι την αποδέσμευση, σαν επίκληση GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. στην αδιάψευστη της εναγώνιας Since then, the issueανταμοιβή has several ανθρώπινης scholars andελπίδας. for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more Μελετώντας τον Σαμαράκη, το ίδιο σαν να from μελετάς τα νέα comprehensive approach are beingείναι summarized below, comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various μηνύματα τηςphenomenon σύγχρονης ofεποχής στον τομέα του πνεύματος. Η interpretations of the gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In aσύγκρουση sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend new of social groups ιδεών και πεποιθήσεων καιofη aεπίδραση αυτής της πρώτης to “return” to the city,γεγονότα leaving theαλληλένδετα purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money επαφής, είναι με το καθαρώς λογοτεχνικό έργο and time travel from ͳͻ the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the τουtoΣαμαράκη… termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth16Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Από την Ομάδα είχε αποχωρήσει Γιώργοςcar Θεοτοκάς. lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from οprivate easier access to markets, etc. studies 17 and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where Το Βραβείο Κώστα Ουράνη απονεμόταν απόIn την Ομάδα Δώδεκα στο in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due aτων systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and καλύτερο μυθιστόρημα της προηγούμενης χρονιάς. long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying 18 are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. her work Τελευταία Ώρα,etc., Λευκωσία 18depreciation Απριλίου 1966. and selling realCOLLINS estate, for theCo initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 19 Πατρίς, «Η πρωτοποριακή μας πεζογραφία. Αντώνης Σαμαράκης (ο συγγραφέας G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually μιας εποχής)», Λευκωσία 25 Νοεμβρίου 1966.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Στα χρόνια που ακολούθησαν εμφανίστηκαν στα κυπριακά περιοδικά και τις εφημερίδες πολλές αναφορές για τον Σαμαράκη. Ξεχωρίζουν τρία σημαντικά κείμενα της διετίας 1970Ǧ1972 γραμμένα από τρείς κορυφαίους φιλολόγους. Ο Ανδρέας Παστελλάς με το δοκίμιο «Από το άγχος στο φως (Η πεζογραφία του Αντώνη Σαμαράκη)» το 1970 στην Επιθεώρηση Λόγου και ΤέχνηςǡʹͲ το μελέτημα του Ζήνωνα Ζαννέτου «Αντώνης Σαμαράκης: Ένας σύγχρονος τραγικός»C.τον ίδιο χρόνο στο

By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS ʹͳ η ιδιαίτερα Δελτίο του Ελληνικού Φιλολογικού Συλλόγου Αμμοχώστου Harvard University, Graduate School of και Design, Student, Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS σημαντική δοκιμή του ποιητή καιByκριτικού ΚώσταC.Βασιλείου «Αντώνης Architect of the School Architecture Σαμαράκης. Μια ανήσυχη συνείδηση τηςStudent εποχής μας», το of1971 στην Technical University of Crete ʹʹ Πνευματική ΚύπροǤ Στα τρία αυτά κείμενα επισημαινόταν 1. Introductory approach: Defining the conceptτο λογοτεχνικό τάλαντο, η δύναμη της πεζογραφικής αφήγησης και concept η πρόσληψη και προβολή από το 1. Introductory approach: the ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Σαμαράκη των προβλημάτων του σύγχρονού ανθρώπου.

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Για τη συλλογή διηγημάτων Το διαβατήριο που εκδόθηκε among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. τον Νοέμβριο του 1973,onυπήρξε απόλυτη σιωπή Κύπρο. Ήταν εμφανής η acquisition of knowledge starts with thein definition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, this “principle” a first,στην if of not final, approach, the term ης 1 Based, στο therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if notτο final, approach, the του term και άγρυπνο μάτι αναφορά καθεστώς της 21 Απριλίου (and urban gentrification) is (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification χουντικού τηςofΠρεσβείας τηςremoval Ελλάδας Sociology as Γραφείου well), as theΤύπου “refining” a city area, the fromστη this,Λευκωσία (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of aπεριοδικά city area, fromthere this, of (inστήλες various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement artists, έριχνε βαριά σκιά στα λογοτεχνικά και τις λογοτεχνικές ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of the of art galleries, However this “change”, regardless of τωνoperation εφημερίδων. Κάποιαrestaurants, περιοδικάetc.έπαιρναν επιχορήγηση από artists, την the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has, results also rising of μυστικό land prices (and theof Πρεσβεία other και κάποιοι δημοσιογράφοι βρίσκονταν στο μισθολόγιο whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential της. Καιrelative αυτή ακόμη η αριστερή Νέα Εποχή απέφυγε οποιαδήποτε potential relative speculation).

The termΗgentrification found at first in theσυμπέσει UK in early it refersκαι to αναφορά. κυκλοφορίαisτου βιβλίου είχε με1960s την and εξέγερση The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor την καταστολή του Πολυτεχνείου την επιβολήinτου στυγνού theαιματηρή then observed trend wealthy people toκαι buy property poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof καθεστώτος του Ιωαννίδη.

London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Οindirectly Αντώνης Σαμαράκης επισκέφθηκε για πρώτη φορά την Κύπρο being “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth μετάAτη τον Μάρτιο του 1979, προσκεκλημένος, μαζί με description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS atΜεταπολίτευση, the same while similar recorded in other major τη σύζυγο του, της Πρεσβείας της Ελλάδας και της Μορφωτικής GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, byΠαιδείας. other Researchers. Υπηρεσίας τουthe Υπουργείου Since then, issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several scholars andthe forενώπιον its more Στις 6 Μαρτίου έδωσε στο Ελληνικό Πολιτιστικό Κέντρο, comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the πλήθους ακροατών με θέμα «Η ευθύνη του συγγραφέα στην εποχήvarious μας». interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In aίδιο sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, aμέρα trendτο of aπρωί new social groups Στον χώρο μίλησε την επόμενη σε 1Ǥ500ofμαθητές απ’ to “return” to the city,της leaving the purlieus several highμας costsπρέπει in money όλα τα Γυμνάσια Λευκωσίας μεforθέμα «Οreasons: κόσμος ν’ and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the αλλάξει;». termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth20Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Ανδρέας Παστελλάς, «Απόfrom το άγχος στο φως (Ηaccess πεζογραφία του Αντώνη lower living cost of, “withdrawal” private markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Σαμαράκη)», Λόγου και Τέχνης, τεύχος 7-8, In Λευκωσία 1970, σ. 383-387. in According 1943 she Επιθεώρησις published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

1950 she became teacher in the to another approach, the is due to a systematic and 21 University College of London, where she continued her social research.

Her public and Ζήνων Ζαννέτος, Σαμαράκης: Ένας σύγχρονος τραγικός», Δελτίο του long-term informal effort«Αντώνης by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice.

See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Ελληνικού Φιλολογικού Αμμοχώστου, Αμμόχωστος 1970, 31-40. and selling realCOLLINS estate,Συλλόγου etc., for the depreciation initially of partσ.of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 22 Κώστας Βασιλείου, «Αντώνης Σαμαράκης. Μια ανήσυχη συνείδηση της εποχής G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

22

μας», Πνευματική Κύπρος, τεύχος 124, Λευκωσία 1971, σ. 99-105.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Με την ευκαιρία αυτής της επίσκεψης έγινε δεκτός από τον Πρόεδρο

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Κυπριανού και τον Αρχιεπίσκοπο Χρυσόστομο, συναντήθηκε με τον Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Υπουργό Παιδείας Χρυσόστομο Σοφιανό και το Συμβούλιο Λογοτεχνώνǡ Architect Student of the SchoolΜνήματα, of Architecture επισκέφθηκε προσφυγικούς κατακλυσμούς, τα Φυλακισμένα τη Technical University of Crete Μονή Μαχαιρά και το κρησφύγετο του Αυξεντίου, τη Μονή Κύκκου και τον1.τάφο του Μακαρίου.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept Εκείνη η επίσκεψη στηνGreek Κύπρο στάθηκε αγάπης του 1.

Introductory the concept προσκύνημα ANTISTHENIS,approach: the ancientDefining philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), συγγραφέα και heritage σφυρηλάτησε το χρυσό δεσμό ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC με -“principle”: 370την BC, Κύπρο.

Athens), among other wise he left us, he established a του great the Σημειώνει στο αυτοβιογραφία του: among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Πάνε πολλά χρόνια, δεκαεννέα από την πρώτη μου acquisition of knowledge starts with theολόκληρα of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, ifχρόνια, not final, approach, the term 1 Based, therefore, onΚύπρο. this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, term γνωριμία με urban την Από τότε το ελληνικό τούτο νησί πλέειtheμέσα (and gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification μου,asσχεδία και area, ελπίδας και ομορφιάς για(inμένα το Sociology well), asαγωνιστικότητας the “refining” of a city the removal from this, various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways),ναυαγό of social στη groups, usuallyθάλασσα of low-income and the που placement there μας of artists, σκληρή μικρότητας λίγο-πολύ έχει ways), of social groups, usually of γευτεί low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. “change”, regardless of όλους αιχμαλωτίσει. Έχω τηHowever γοητεία της Κύπρου πολλές ως the operation ofconsequences artΑλλά galleries, etc.πόνο However this “change”, regardless ʹ͵ theof whatever other has, και results also rising ofτο land prices (and τώρα φορές. έχωrestaurants, ζήσει τον της και λυγμό της… whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Έκτοτε επισκέφθηκε πολλές φορές την Κύπρο και έγινε άτυπος potential relative speculation). at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification πολιτιστικός πρεσβευτήςis found της. Η Κύπρος του ανταπέδωσε ποικιλότροπα The term gentrificationofiswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed to buy property in poor την της. Τοtrend 1982 of μετά την απονομή Βραβείου the αγάπη then observed trend wealthy people toτου buy Λογοτεχνικού property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof των Ευρωπαλίωνǡ προσκλήθηκε επίσημα στηνthere Κύπρο τονresidents Πρόεδρο London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and από thus old are being indirectly “squeezed”. Σπύρο Κυπριανούǡ ενώ το 1992 ο Πρόεδρος Γιώργος Βασιλείου του being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth απένειμε Μεγαλόσταυρο Τάγματος την ανώτερη A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included Μακαρίου inwere the recorded work Γ΄, of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at τον the same whileτου similar in other major τιμητική διάκριση της Κυπριακής Δημοκρατίας. Παραδίδοντας τα GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. παράσημα της διάκρισηςǡ ο Πρόεδρος Βασιλείου τόνισε ότι ο Σαμαράκης Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Sinceταthen, the issue has several scholars and for its more τιμούσε ελληνικά γράμματα διεθνώς, ως ένας below, από τους πιοthe γνωστούς comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various συγγραφείς της που προέρχονταν από the τονfollowing: ελληνικό χώρο και ότι interpretations of Ευρώπης the phenomenon of gentrification, interpretations of the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a«ένας sense, the phenomenon dueΚύπρου, togentrification, a trendένας of a new of social groups ήταν μεγάλος φίλος is της φλογερός αγωνιστής της to “return” to the city,άνθρωπος leaving the που purlieus for several reasons: για highτα costs in money Δημοκρατίας, ένας πάντοτε αγωνιζόταν δίκαια του ʹͶ and time from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the λαού γιαtoταtravel δίκαια του Ελληνισμού»Ǥ The termat comes from Sociologist 1912-1940.

GLASS for wasbetter sense1.of safety the distributed outside town search Έκφραση της αγάπης residencies τουRuth για GLASS, το νησί ήτανcentres, ηRuth εισήγηση τουborn ναin Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, entertainment “at the heart ofαπό the city”, (possibly) συμμετέχουν στηeducation, Βουλή των και μαθητές την movements Κύπρο. Ηfor Youth Unemployment.

The same year Εφήβων she left Germany and after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies του and research in Geneva, Prague, London Newνέους.

York she αγάπη ήταν πάντα στραμμένη προςand τους came back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 23 Σαμαράκης, 1919-Αυτοβιογραφία, ό.π., σ.114.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 24 Ο Φιλελεύθερος, Λευκωσία 15 Δεκεμβρίου 1992.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Γεωφυσική διερεύνησηTypes υπεδαφικών αρχαιολογικών δομών στη περιοχή της Concerns Παλικής της N. Κεφαλληνίας Των Prof. Ειρ. ΒΑΛΛΕΡΑ-RICKERSON1

By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS Δρος Πέτρ. ΑΧΙΛΛΕΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ καιC. Δρος Ξεν. ΜΠΑΦΙΤΗ Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture ΕΙΣΑΓΩΓΗ Technical University of Crete

Στο πλαίσιο ερευνητικού προγράμματος του ORANGE COAST

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept COLLEGE των ΗΠΑ κατά τη περίοδο: 2012-2018, για τον εντοπισμό 1. Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), πιθανών αρχαιολογικών δομών στο υπέδαφος της BC περιοχής Παλικής ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great-“principle”: the της N. Κεφαλληνίας, με τη χρήση μη καταστροφικών μεθόδων έρευνας among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the (μέθοδος Γεωραντάρ - GPR) και υψηλής ακρίβειας γιαterm τον acquisition of knowledge starts withμε theεξοπλισμό the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the 1 προσδιορισμό μέτρησης πραγματοποιήθηκε Based, therefore, on θέσεων this “principle” inindicated a first,(GPS), if (in notthe final, approach, the term (andτων urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification γεωφυσική διερεύνηση, η οποία σε τρεις Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityεπικεντρώθηκε area, the removal from this, (inκυρίως various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a 2) city Λόφος area, removal from this, (inΛόφος various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theΣγουρός placement there artists, τοποθεσίες: 1) Λόφος Κρίκελος, και γ)of ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of galleries, restaurants,(Εικ. etc. However this “change”, regardless of Σχοινοβούνι ή art Βουνί Κοντογενάδας 1). the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Εικ. 1 and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, the heart of the city”,εργασιών (possibly) Για την education, βέλτιστηentertainment οργάνωση “at των γεωφυσικών Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where υπαίθρου προηγήθηκε γεωλογική καιNewαρχαιολογική studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and York she came backεπισκόπηση, to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and καθώς και φωτογράφιση των περιοχών έρευνας (θέρος 2012 και University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 1 Καθηγήτρια Ιστορίας της Τέχνης ORANGE COAST COLLEGE (2701 Fairview St., G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

24

Costa Mesa, CA 96626)

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

2013). Παρόλα αυτά ο σχεδιασμός του καννάβου και η πραγματοποίηση των οδεύσεων του Γεωραντάρ (τομές) έγινε με αρκετές δυσκολίες, λόγω της ακανθώδους και πυκνής βλάστησης που κάλυπτε όλες τις επιμέρους περιοχές έρευνας. Κάθε έτος, η Ερευνητική Ομάδα ενημέρωνε για τα αποτελέσματα της επεξεργασίας των γεωφυσικών δεδομένων υπαίθρου τη τοπική Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Εφορεία Αρχαιοτήτων με την By οποία είχε υπογράψει πρωτόκολλο Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, συνεργασίας, ενώ στο τέλος του προγράμματος υπέβαλλε Student, πλήρη

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect φάκελο με όλα τα στοιχεία των ερευνών της (full report in English), Student of the School of Architecture καθώς και με τις συντεταγμένες των θέσεων και των σημάνσεων επί Technical University of Crete του εδάφους των μεγαλύτερων ταφικών μνημείων.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, Μεθοδολογία ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: Athens), amongΗother wise heritage he leftπραγματοποιήθηκε us, he established(444 a great the γεωφυσική έρευνα με 370 το BC, σύγχρονο among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. αυτοκαταγραφικό γεωραντάρ SIR-3000 του αμερικάνικου οίκου GSSI acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term και Based, με αντένα συχνότητας ηλεκτρομαγνητικών κυμάτων 400 Mhz 1 (and therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the για term urban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 τη διερεύνηση μέχρι το βάθος 5-6 μέτρων, ενώ σε κάποιες επιλεγμένες gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various θέσεις στο λόφο «Σχοινοβούνι» Κοντογενάδας χρησιμοποιήθηκε και η Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, αντένα των 100 Mhz προκειμένου να διεισδύσουμε σε ακόμη the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof μεγαλύτερα βάθη. whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices the potential speculation). Η relative επεξεργασία των δεδομένων υπαίθρου έγινε με (and ειδικό potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and φίλτρων, it refers to λογισμικό (με τη χρήση band pass filtering ψηφιακών The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor κυλιόμενου μέσου trend όρου και κατά people περίπτωση του σήματος), the then observed wealthy to there buyενίσχυση property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof ενώ οι οδεύσεις του γεωραντάρ (γεωφυσικές τομές) τοποθετήθηκαν London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residentsμε are being indirectly “squeezed”. ακρίβεια πάνω στον τοπογραφικό χάρτη κάθε περιοχής. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities inΑποτελέσματα Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more 1) Λόφος Κρίκελλος - preoccupied Περιοχή Ι.Ν. Αναλήψεως Since then, the issue has preoccupied scholars andthe for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from various Στο λόφο Κρίκελο, περιφερειακάseveral του ερειπωμένου ναού της comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of theοποίου phenomenon of gentrification, theδεν following: Αναλήψεως, του η επιμήκης διάσταση συμπίπτει με τον interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueορθόδοξων togentrification, a trend of aναών new of social groups συνήθη προσανατολισμό των (Ανατολή – Δύση), to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money πραγματοποιήθηκαν 30 γεωφυσικές τομές με μέγιστο βάθος έρευνας and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the τα 1.

6ofThe μέτρα και καθορίστηκαν τα GLASS, σημεία εντοπισμού υπεδαφικών termat comes from Sociologist Ruth 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her ενδιαφέροντος. first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: δομών αρχαιολογικού services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Ενδεικτικά αναφέρεται το Β/Δandτμήμα στο οποίο απαντώνται lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private car access to markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London Neweasier York she came back to London, in According 1943ισχυρές she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacherπου in the πολύ ανακλάσεις και the ένα υπεδαφικό κενό, (σημείο to another approach, phenomenon is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying τέμνεται η 1η και 8η γεωφυσική τομή) καθώς και ο παράπλευρος her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web,με in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. Londonοι 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: αγροτικός δρόμος (τομή 23), όπου ανακλάσεις σχετίζονται Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aανθρώπινες variety of ways, in order(κτίρια to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually κατασκευές ή τοίχους) (Εικ. 2 και 3).

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

26

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek Εικ. 2philosopher, και 3 ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Στη of κορυφή του λόφου εντοπίσθηκε υπόγεια αποθήκη acquisition knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term (δεξαμενή) 5 this m, με ορθογώνιο στόμιο, λαξευμένη μέσα 1βάθους Based, therefore, on “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, theστο term (and urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 ασβεστολιθικό υπόβαθρο (Εικ.4α). Ενώ, κατά τη διάρκεια της gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various επισκόπησης εντοπίσθηκε στις παρειές του Κρίκελου αρχαίο πηγάδι, με Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, λαξευμένο ορθογώνιο ασβεστολιθικό και καθαρό πόσιμο νερό the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.στόμιο However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever (Εικ.4β). other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s Εικ.

4α Εικ. 4βand it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from Εικ. 4several below, comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: In aΤέλος, sense, the phenomenon is dueof to trend of a new of social τμήμα groups η γεωφυσική έρευνα η aοποία επεκτάθηκε σε μεγάλο to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money περιφερειακά του λόφου αποκάλυψε και άλλα σημεία υπεδαφικού and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the αρχαιολογικού καθώς και θέσεις 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS ύπαρξης wasbetter born in sense safety theενδιαφέροντος distributed residencies outside townτις centres, search for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: μεταλλικών αντικειμένων. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the 2)she Λόφος Σγουρός to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Κατά την προκαταρκτική φάση της επισκόπησης και των her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of λόφο part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: διερευνητικών γεωφυσικών μετρήσεων στο Σγουρό, που Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aβρίσκεται variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, Β/Δυτικά του Κρίκελου, εντοπίστηκαν αρκετά (actually σημεία

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

αρχαιολογικού ενδιαφέροντος και ως εκ τούτου ενσωματώθηκε στον σχεδιασμό της Ερευνητικής Ομάδας για την πραγματοποίηση πιο εκτεταμένης γεωφυσικής έρευνας στην περιοχή, κατά τα έτη 2015-16. Η γενική εικόνα που δημιουργείται από την γεωγραφική διάταξη της αξιολόγησης των γεωφυσικών δεδομένων είναι η υπεδαφική ανάπτυξη επάλληλων τειχών περιφερειακά της κορυφής του λόφου

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Σγουρού, αλλά και άλλων κατασκευών αρχαιολογικού ενδιαφέροντος.

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Όμως η ισοπέδωση της περιοχής (με μπουλντόζες) για καλλιεργητική

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect χρήση του χώρου, έχει καταστρέψει σημαντικό Student of the School of Architecture τμήμα αυτών των τειχών, τα απομεινάρια των Technical University of Crete οποίων εντοπίζονται από το γεωραντάρ σε μικρό 1. Introductory Defining the concept βάθος μέσα στο approach: έδαφος και σε απόμερα τμήματα 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), the ancient Greek philosopher, τηςANTISTHENIS, περιοχής.

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Ηother πρόσβαση στην κορυφή αυτού του λόφου among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ήταν αρχικά αδύνατη λόγω της the πολύ πυκνής the καιcontent of concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term ακανθώδους βλάστησης και ως εκ τούτου, 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first,αρχικά if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 ήταν αδύνατη η επισκόπησή του καιthe πολύ gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, removal (inΕικ. various 5 περισσότερο η πραγματοποίηση γεωφυσικών μετρήσεων.

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, of low-income and thethis placement there artists, Όμως μετά από usually τηνrestaurants, πυρκαγιά που εκδηλώθηκε το 2018 ηofοποία the operation of art galleries, etc.

However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever otherολοσχερώς consequences has,πυκνή results και also rising of landβλάστηση prices (andτης theof κατέστρεψε την ακανθώδη whatever other consequences has, resultsπροσβάσιμη also rising of την land κορυφή prices (and the potential relative speculation). ευρύτερης περιοχής και κατέστησε του potential relative speculation).

The termδιαπιστώθηκε gentrification is found first in theεπίγειων UK in early 1960s and itμεγάλου refers to λόφου, η at ύπαρξη δομών The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor ενδιαφέροντος γύρω από wealthy το τριγωνομετρικό αναφοράς τηςof the then observed trend people to there buy σημείο property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are ΓΥΣ, όπως είναιthem, π.χ.stay η themselves ύπαρξη sometimes τριών εισόδων στον London, upgrade there andλαξευμένων thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ασβεστολιθικό βράχο (Εικ.

6). being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth

A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Εικ. 6

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

3) Λόφος Σχοινοβούνι ή Βουνί Κοντογενάδας Κατά την επισκόπηση της περιοχής εντοπίστηκαν σημαντικά επιφανειακά ευρήματα αρχαιολογικού ενδιαφέροντος, όπως π.χ. ένα πατητήρι σταφυλιών λαξευμένο στο βράχο, κτίσματα με λαξευμένα σκαλοπάτια εισόδου και λαξευμένες λεκάνες στο εσωτερικό δάπεδο (Εικ. 7α,β,γ), καθώς επίσης και ανοιγμένοι ταφικοί θάλαμοι.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Από την αξιολόγηση των γεωφυσικών δεδομένων διαπιστώθηκε Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, ότι ο λόφος «Σχοινοβούνι ή Βουνί» της περιοχής της Κοντογενάδας

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect είναι μια περιοχή σημαντικού αρχαιολογικού ενδιαφέροντος, αφού Student of the School of Architecture εντοπίστηκαν στο υπέδαφος πάρα πολλά έγκοιλα (κενά University ή μπαζωμένα) Technical of Crete τα οποία, σύμφωνα με όλες τις ενδείξεις, αντιστοιχούν σε ταφικούς 1. Introductory approach: Definingπεριπτώσεις the concept το πλάτος των ταφικών θαλάμους. Μάλιστα, σε ορισμένες 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the 4 ancient philosopher, θαλάμων φθάνει τα και 5Greek μέτρα, ενώ η οροφή τους βρίσκεται σε ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he aκυριότερων great the μικρό βάθος (20-40 cm). Οι θέσειςestablished των 10(444 σημείων among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ενδιαφέροντος έχουν προσδιορισθεί με GPS υψηλής ακρίβειας (±1cm), acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term αλλά έχουνtherefore, σημανθεί επί του εδάφους.

1 (and urban Based, onκαι this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Κατά την τελευταία 3ετία τοπική Εφορεία έχει gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in theΑρχαιοτήτων areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a η city the removal from (in various προχωρήσει στην ανασκαφή δύο ταφικών μνημείων και αναμένεται η Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, δημοσίευση της μελέτης των ευρημάτων (Εικ.

8). the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of

the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by otherΕικ.

Researchers.

7 α, β, γ cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

28

Εικ. 8

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Στη κορυφή αυτού του λόφου απαντάται λιθοσωρός κάτω από τον οποίο εντοπίστηκε κενό, (πιθανή υπόγεια στοά ιδιαίτερου ενδιαφέροντος). Παρά το γεγονός ότι, οι ανωμαλίες του εδάφους (βαθειά άρωση) και ακανθώδης βλάστηση δεν μας επέτρεψαν να πραγματοποιήσουμε πυκνό δίκτυο μετρήσεων, από τα στοιχεία της

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS έρευνας διαπιστώνεται ότι περιφερειακά του λιθοσωρού εμφανίζονται Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, υπεδαφικές δομές (ισχυρές ανακλάσεις), με σαφή παράλληλο

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect προσανατολισμό και ως εκ τούτου, αυτήStudent η τοποθεσία εξακολουθεί να of the School of Architecture διατηρεί αυξημένο το επιστημονικό ενδιαφέρον Technical μας.

University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Συμπεράσματα-Προτάσεις 1.

Introductory approach: Definingphilosopher, the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient BCγια - 370 BC, Athens), Η παρούσα έρευνα δενGreek έφερε μόνο στο(444 φως πρώτη φορά ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the τόσο σημαντικές πληροφορίες, αλλά κυρίως παρέχει την επιστημονική among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. τεκμηρίωση ύπαρξης σημαντικών αρχαιολογικών ευρημάτων στην acquisition ofτης knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term περιοχή Παλικής της Ν. Κεφαλληνίας στιςthe τρεις 1 (and Based,της therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, και if (in notειδικότερα final, approach, term urban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 επιμέρους τοποθεσίες των λόφων Κρίκελου, Σγουρού και Σχοινοβούνι. gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Σε όλες τις γεωφυσικές τομές (πρωτογενή στοιχεία μετρήσεων Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually ofστην low-income and thethis placement there of artists, υπαίθρου) που υπεβλήθησαν Εφορεία Αρχαιοτήτων Κεφαλληνίας the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has,οιresults alsoόπου rising υπάρχουν of land prices (and theof έχουν σημειωθεί με έλλειψη θέσεις αυξημένες whatever other consequences has, results alsoενδιαφέροντος. rising of land prices (and the potential relative πιθανότητες ναspeculation). είναι θέσεις αρχαιολογικού Η μέθοδος potential relative speculation). termπου gentrification is found at προσφέρει first in the UK in early 1960s ανάλυση and it refers to τουThe GPR χρησιμοποιήθηκε πολύ υψηλή και The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor εξαιρετικά πυκνή καταγραφή του υπεδάφους, σεproperty αντίθεση τιςareas άλλεςof the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy in με poor London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are έρευνες και μπορεί την sometimes παραμικρή διακύμανση μέσα στο London, upgrade them,να stayπιάσει themselves there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. υπέδαφος και γι’ αυτό είναι σκόπιμο να μην αγνοήσει κανείς ακόμη και being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth τα αναφερόμενα σημεία ενδιαφέροντος», πέραν εκείνων, A description ofως this«πιθανά phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major που inμε σαφήνεια ως «σημεία αρχαιολογικού cities Western countries,χαρακτηρίζονται by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the several scholars and for its more ενδιαφέροντος» ήissue πουhas συνοδεύονται με λεπτομερέστερη περιγραφή Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various της δομής τους. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon the following: Η ερευνητική ομάδα of gentrification, έχει εγγράφως προτείνει την interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof to a trend of a new of social groups πραγματοποίηση διερευνητικών αρχαιολογικών τομών σε επιλεγμένα to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money σημεία ενδιαφέροντος, ιδιαίτερα των ταφικών θαλάμων και του and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the λιθοσωρού, να διαπιστωθεί η αρχαιολογική σημασία αυτών τωνin 1.of The termώστε from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: ευρημάτων. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Σε κάθε ο αριθμός των ευρημάτων είναι τέτοιος που lower living cost περίπτωση of, in “withdrawal” from private easier access to markets, etc. studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she came back to London, where in According 1943 sheτην published studies regarding city planning. του In 1950 sheto became teacher in the επιβάλλει λήψη μέτρων φύλαξης χώρου toάμεση another approach, the phenomenon isσυγκεκριμένου due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying και την δρομολόγηση διαδικασιών συστηματικής ανασκαφικής her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, theCodepreciation initially ofτους. part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. και London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: δραστηριότητας γιαetc., τηνfor ανάδειξη προστασία G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types ofIntervention, Intervention, GENTRIFICATION KENTPO EPEYNA™ Definition, Types of Definition, Types ofintervention, intervention, ConcernsTypes ofGentrification Gentrification ¶EPIºEPEIAKH™ ANA¶TY•H™ Definition, of Concerns of «IÂÚÒÓ˘ÌÔ˜ ¢. ¶INTO™ Concerns Concerns Î·È AÓ·ÛÙ·Û›· IÂÚ. ¶INTOY»

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate Aνάπτυ�ης, School of Design, Student, Mε σκ�π� την πρ�ώθησηHarvard της Iδέας της Περι�ερειακής (Oικ�ν�µικής, University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect K�ινωνικής και Π�λιτιστικής), έ�ει συσταθεί σήµερα στην Aθήνα απ� Oµάδα KαθηγηBy Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture τών Πανεπιστηµίων και Eιδικών Eπιστηµ�νων τ� Kέντρ� Έρευνας Περι�ερειακής AνάStudent of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete Technical University of Crete πτυ�ης «Iερώνυµ�ς ∆. ΠINTOΣ και Aναστασία Iερων. ΠINTOY» (αστ. µη κερδ�σκ. εταιρ.), ως �υσιαστικ�ς διάδ���ς, (κατ’ επιθυµία της αειµνήστ�υ Aναστασίας Iερων.

Introductoryapproach: approach:Defining Definingthe theconcept concept 1.1.1.

Introductory Introductory approach: Defining the concept ΠINTOY), τ�υ Kέντρ�υ Έρευνας Περι�ερειακής Aνάπτυ�ης Iερών. ∆. ΠINTOΣ, συANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444BC BC--370 370 BC,Athens), Athens), 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC, σταθέντ�ς εν Aθήναις τηνthe 28ηancient Aυγ�ύστ�υ ANTISTHENIS, Greek philosopher, (444 BC--“principle”: 370BC, BC,Athens), Athens), among other wiseheritage heritage heleft left us,1986. he established great the ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 among other wise he us, he established aagreat “principle”: the O εκ των Πρωτ�π�ρων της Iδέας της Περι�ερειακής Aνάπτυ�ης Kαθηγητής Πανεamong other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition ofof knowledge starts with ofof the content concepts. πιστηµίων Iερώνυµ�ς ∆. ΠINTOΣ απε�ίωσε την 5/8/1981, η δε διακριθείσα διά τ� π�λυacquisition knowledge starts with the definition the content of concepts.

Based,therefore, therefore, onthis this “principle” first,ififof not final, approach, theterm term acquisition of knowledge starts with theinin definition the content of concepts.

Based, on “principle” aafirst, not final, approach, the 1 (and σ�ιδές κ�ινωνικ�, �ιλανθρωπικ� και π�λιτιστικ� έργ� της Σύ�υγ�ς τ�υ Aναστασία απεBased, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 �ίωσε την 14/4/2009. gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or 1 Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology asτων well), asas the “refining” ofσυγκαταλέγ�νται a city thethe removal (in various Sociology as well), the “refining” of a city area, removal from this, (in various Mετα�ύ σκ�πών τ�υ Kέντρ�υ και �ι ε�ής, εντ�ς πνεύµατ�ς ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), ofof social groups, usually ofof low-income and thethe placement ways), social groups, usually low-income and placement there ofartists, artists, πάντ�τε παραγωγής έργ�υ επ’ αγαθώ της Eπιστήµης καιthe τηςthis K�ινωνίας: the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However “change”, regardless of ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and placement there of thethe operation ofof artart galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless of operation galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless of H συµ��λή στην πρ�αγωγή της Eπιστήµης και της Iδέας της Περι�ερειακής Aνάπτυwhatever other consequences has,results results also rising of“change”, landprices prices (andthe the the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this regardless of whatever other has, rising of land (and whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the �ης εν γένει, δι’ �ί�υ δήπ�τε ν�µίµ�υ τρ�π�υ, της Περι�ερειακής Aνάπτυ�ης ν��υµένης potential relative speculation). has, results also rising of land prices (and the whatever otherspeculation). consequences potential relative potential relative speculation). ωςpotential Oικ�ν�µικής, K�ινωνικής, Π�λιτιστικής.

The term gentrification foundatatfirst firstininthe theUK UKininearly early1960s 1960sand andititrefers refersto to relative speculation).

The term gentrification isisfound The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of HThe µελέτη σ�έσεων Περι�ερειακής Aνάπτυ�ης και συνα�ών ∆ράσεων και Π�λιτικών. term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofisof wealthy toto buy property inin poor the then observed trend wealthy people buy property poor areas of London, upgrade them, stayεν themselves sometimes there andthus thus oldpoor residents are H συµ��λή των them, Iδιωτικών γένει Eπενδύσεων στην υπ�στήρι�η στρατηγικών, π�λιthe then observed trend of wealthy people to there buy property in areas of London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes and old residents are London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. τικών και µέτρων «παραγωγής» Περι�ερειακής Aνάπτυ�ης.

London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. description ofthis thisηphenomenon phenomenon included thework work ofSociologist Sociologist Ruth H Mελετών, διενέργεια Eρευνών, η �ργάνωση Συνεδρίων, Hµερίδων, Σεbeing indirectly “squeezed”.

AAεκπ�νηση description of isisis included ininin the of Ruth A description of this phenomenon included the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major µιναρίων, ∆ιαλέ�εων επί θεµάτων Περι�ερειακής Aνάπτυ�ης.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at at thethe same period, while similar situations were recorded in in other major GLASS same period, while similar situations were recorded other major cities inWestern Western countries, bywhile other Researchers.

GLASS at the same period, similar situations were recorded in other major H έκδ�ση Mελετών, Eρευνών, Περι�δικών, Eντύπων εν γένει, η παραγωγή σ�ετικ�ύ cities in countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, the issuehas has preoccupied severalscholars scholarsand andfor forits itsmore more cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. ραδι��ωνικ�ύ καιthe τηλε�πτικ�ύ υλικ�ύ.

Since then, issue preoccupied several Since then, the issuehas has preoccupied severalscholars scholars andthe forits itsmore more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from various Since then, the issue preoccupied several and for H ��ρήγηση υπ�τρ��ιών, η �ρά�ευση εργασιών Tρίτων below, και η έκδ�σή τ�υς. comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon ofgentrification, gentrification, thebelow, following: comprehensive approach being summarized from theπαρεµ�εvarious H συνεργασίαof µεthe �ί�ν δήπ�τε,are ανε�αρτήτως ν�µικής µ�ρ�ής, επιδιώκ�ντα interpretations phenomenon of the following: interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups interpretations theεκτ�ς phenomenon thecategory following: ρείς σκ�π�ύς, και Eλλάδ�ς.

In a sense,εντ�ς theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money H συνεργασία ∆ιεθνή M�ρ�ώµατα, (ενδεικτικώς) to “return” to the µε city, leaving the purlieus�πως for several reasons:Eυρωπαϊκή high costs inΈνωση, money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack ofthe the Oργανισµ�ς Συνεργασίας και Aνάπτυ�ηςwhere κ.ά. work place is, lack of and time to Oικ�ν�µικής travel from the purlieus to downtown, 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS was born in sense of safety at thedistributed distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruthπρ�ς GLASS was born in sense of safety residencies outside town centres, search for better H1.παρ��ή επί θεµάτων Περι�ερειακής Aνάπτυ�ης �ί�ν δήπ�τε Berlin, whereυπηρεσιών shethe made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services ofhealth, health, education, entertainment “atpublished the heart thecity”, city”, (possibly) Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she anof important study entitled: Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and afterof continuous movements for services of education, entertainment “at the heart the (possibly) του Eνδια�ερ�µεν�, �άσει ειδικών συµ�ωνιών, µερίµνει τ�υ ∆ι�ικητικ�ύ Συµ��υλί�υ της εYouth living Unemployment.

The same yearfrom she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower cost of, “withdrawal” private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. ταιρείας κ.ά. κέντρου κ.ά studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the toanother another approach, the due asystematic systematic and in∆ιεύθυνση: 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the According to isis due aHer and Ίµ�ρ�υ 6, 112approach, 57 Aθήναι, τηλ.: 2108647120, 6944626140, fax:public 2108658868.

University College of London, where shethe continued her social research. action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying University College of London, where she continued her social research.

Her public action and long-term informal effortby bya organized groups,See manufacturers, brokers DICTIONARY. of buying her work are characterized passion for justice. also: ENGLISH Aθήναι, 5 Aυγ�ύστ�υ 2009COLLINSENGLISH her work arereal characterized by afor passion for justice. Seeinitially also: COLLINS DICTIONARY. and selling estate,etc., etc., theCo depreciation ofpart partof of the urban web,inin 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London initially 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: and selling real estate, for the depreciation of the urban web, O Eπιστηµ�νικ�ς τ�υ Kέντρ�υ 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. Yπεύθυν�ς London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in orderKωνσταντίν�ς to achieve the “voluntary”, (actually Kαθηγητής ΓE.“assisted”, AΘANAΣOΠOYΛOΣ 141 2521 11 30 2521 11 10 24

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TO¶.AYT. AYT.¶EP. ¶EP.AN. AN./ R.DEC. / R.DEC.ADM. ADM.LOC. LOC.DEV. DEV.REG. REG./ R. / R.DEC. DEC.LOC. LOC.GOV. GOV.REG. REG.DEV. DEV. E¶.

GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 252131 11

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TO¶.AYT. AYT.¶EP. ¶EP.AN. AN./ R.DEC. / R.DEC.ADM. ADM.LOC. LOC.DEV. DEV.REG. REG./ R. / R.DEC. DEC.LOC. LOC.GOV. GOV.REG. REG.DEV. DEV. E¶.

GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

32

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 252133 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

34

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TO¶.AYT. AYT.¶EP. ¶EP.AN. AN./ R.DEC. / R.DEC.ADM. ADM.LOC. LOC.DEV. DEV.REG. REG./ R. / R.DEC. DEC.LOC. LOC.GOV. GOV.REG. REG.DEV. DEV. E¶.

GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 252135 11

E¶.A¶.

A¶.TO¶.

TO¶.AYT. AYT.¶EP. ¶EP.AN. AN./ R.DEC. / R.DEC.ADM. ADM.LOC. LOC.DEV. DEV.REG. REG./ R. / R.DEC. DEC.LOC. LOC.GOV. GOV.REG. REG.DEV. DEV. E¶.

ARATA GENTRIFICATION Definition, TypesISOZAKI of Intervention, Βραβείο PRITZKER Αρχιτεκτονικής 2019 Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification ConcernsΤου κ. Σόλ. ΞΕΝΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ

Αρχιτέκτ., Ομότ. Καθηγ. ΕΜΠ, Κοσμήτορος Σχολής Αρχιτεκτονικής, Μηχανικής και

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Γεωπεριβαλλοντικών Επιστημών, Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ,Architect Πάφος

By Mr.Πανεπιστήμιο George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Student of the School of Architecture

36

University of Crete Το Βραβείο PRITZKER (το αντίστοιχο NOBELTechnical για την Αρχιτεκτονική) για το 2019 δόθηκε στον Ιάπωνα Αρχιτέκτονα ARATA ISOZAKI. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept για μια approach: ακόμα συνεχόμενη χρονιά, το βραβείο αυτό δίνεται σε 1. Ετσι Introductory Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 χρέος BC, Athens), έναν μεγάλης ηλικίας αρχιτέκτονα, σαν να εξοφλείται κάποιο σε μια ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great γενιά αρχιτεκτόνων η οποία σιγά σιγά φεύγει. Γεγονός είναι ότιthe ο among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the 87χρονος Isozaki, θήτευσε κοντά εμβληματική προσωπικότητα του acquisition of knowledge starts withσε theμια the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term κλασσικού μοντερνισμού, της Ιαπωνίας ειδικότερα, του KENZO TANGE. 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1συγκεκριμένη Με as την βράβευση όμως τίθενται τα gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in theαρκετά areathis, of θέματα, Planning) (or Sociology well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal from (in various οποία είναι βέβαια ενδεικτικά της τρέχουσας κατάστασης στην Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually ofκλίμακα. low-income and thethis placement there of artists, Αρχιτεκτονική σεgalleries, παγκόσμια Εννοείται ότι η βράβευση ενός the operation of art restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless διεθνούς εμβέλειας αρχιτέκτονα, δηλαδή ενός αρχιτέκτονα, όπως οof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the Isozaki, relative με ιδιαίτερα potential speculation).εκτεταμένο έργο διεθνώς, πιθανόν να potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is είδους found atαναγνώριση first in the UK in early it refers to αντικατοπτρίζει κάποιου του έργου1960s του,and πιθανότατα The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor δε να έχει και ένα χαρακτήρα τιμητικής αναφοράς στην διαχρονική the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof προσφορά του στην Αρχιτεκτονική.

London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Παρόλα αυτά προκύπτει καταρχάς μια απορία εάν η βράβευση ενός being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description this phenomenon is included in μια the work of Sociologist Ruth μεγάλης ηλικίαςofαρχιτέκτονα, υποδηλώνει και ανυπαρξίας A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere theπαραδοχή work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major σύγχρονων νεότερων αρχιτεκτόνων που ενδεχομένως θα in άξιζαν την GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. βράβευση, ή σημαίνει ότι διαπιστώνεται ότι οι οποιοιδήποτε άξιοι cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more βράβευσης νεότεροι έχουν ήδη βραβευτεί. Ας σημειωθεί ότι the ο ISOZAKI Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from various ος αρχιτέκτονας που βραβεύεται με την συγκεκριμένη διάκριση. είναι ο 46 comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: μπορεί να σημαίνει κάτι groups πολύ interpretations theόμως phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: In aΕνδεχομένως sense, theof phenomenon is dueof toπολύ a trendαπλά of a new of social ουσιαστικό, δηλαδή κάτι που να έχει πραγματικά σχέση με την αρχές και to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money την ποιότητα του αρχιτεκτονικού έργου του συγκεκριμένου αρχιτέκτονα. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born Η αναγκαιότητα τεκμηρίωσης της απόφασης απόsearch τα μέλη τηςin sense safety theβέβαια distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at theτην heart of the city”,της, (possibly) Επιτροπής, δυστυχώς συσκοτίζει περισσότερο αιτιολόγησή αφού Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. καταφεύγει σε πολύ γενικόλογες διατυπώσεις όπως ότι το έργο του studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London,έχει where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. Inκαι 1950 sheto became teacher the to another approach, the is due a systematic and διαστάσεις ¨φιλοσοφίας, ιστορίας, θεωρίας πολιτισμού», ή in ότι University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying πρόκειται μια αρχιτεκτονική ταυτόχρονα έχει ENGLISH «διεθνή DICTIONARY. αλλά και her work areγια characterized by a passion forπου justice.

See also: COLLINS and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban in 10th edit.

Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: τοπικό» χαρακτήρα, καθώς επίσης και άλλες αρκετά κοινότοπεςweb, αλλά Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aεπιστημονικοφανείς variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually αναφορές.

2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Ο ΑRATA ISOZAKI λοιπόν δεν είναι κάποιος τυχαίος, ούτε και αμελητέος αρχιτέκτονας. Αντίθετα έχει μια ιδιαίτερα εκτεταμένη διεθνή παρουσία η οποία άρχισε σχεδόν αμέσως μετά την ολοκλήρωση των αρχιτεκτονικών του σπουδών και συνεχίζεται αδιάκοπα μέχρι και σήμερα. Τα έργα του περιλαμβάνουν μεγάλα, κυρίως δημόσια κτήρια όπως αθλητικά κέντρα, αρκετά Μουσεία διαφόρων μεγεθών και κλιμάκων, ιδιωτικών κατοικιών, πύργους γραφείων, όπως C. καιATHANASOPOULOS κάποια δείγματα

By Mr. George-Sp. συλλογικής κατοικίας, Harvard ή μικρής κλίμακας κατασκευές πολιτιστικού University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Mr. τα George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS περιεχομένου. Τα τελευταία είναιByκαι πλέον ουσιαστικά, με Architect κάποια of theΠρόκειται School of Architecture ψήγματα εμβάθυνσης στις αρχιτεκτονικέςStudent επιλογές. σίγουρα University of Crete για αξιόλογο σε ποσότητα έργο, και σε κάποιο Technical βαθμό σε ποιότητα. Η τελευταία, εάν μπορούσε με κάποιο τρόπο να αξιολογηθεί, θα αφορούσε 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept κυρίως την κατασκευαστική και the τεχνική αρτιότητα, την ιδιαίτερα 1. Introductory approach: concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), προσεγμένη, άν και νοηματικά ουδέτερη, επιλογή(444 των υλικών, ορισμένες ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the φαινομενικά πρωτότυπες σχεδιαστικές ιδέες και επιλύσεις σε θέματα among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the ταυτότητας χαρακτήρα κατασκευών. Πράγματα μάλλον αναμενόμενα acquisition ofκαι knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term απόBased, ένα αρχιτέκτονα αυτής της εμβέλειας. (and urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Εν asτούτοις, στο“refining” ευρύτατο αυτό δύσκολα μπορούν να Sociology well), as the of a city area,έργο, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually low-income and που, the placement of artists, αναγνωριστούν πλευρές τηςofΑρχιτεκτονικής παρά τιςthere διακηρύξεις, ways), of social groups, of low-income and thethis placement there of ήartists, the operation art galleries, restaurants, etc.«φιλοσοφία», However “change”, regardless of αφορούν, σε of βάθος καιusually ουσιαστικά, την την «ιστορία», την the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has, results also rising ofσαυτό land prices (and the «θεωρία»,other έννοιες δηλαδή που θα προσέδιδαν το έργο τιςof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative υπερβατικές διαστάσεις που σε κάθε μια από αυτές, εάν όχι σε όλες μαζί potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is foundσεatορισμένα first in theπρόσφατα UK in earlyέργα, 1960s διακρίνεται and it refers to ενυπήρχαν. Αντίθετα μάλιστα, η The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor λανθάνουσα έκπτωση σε έναν μεταμοντερνισμό, σε συνδυασμό με the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof αυθαίρετες αισθητικές επιλογές αφενός, και αφετέρου η υιοθέτηση μιας London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. μπρουταλιστικής αισθητικής. Εννοείται ότι και οι δύο αυτές τάσεις σιγά being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth σιγάAέχουν αρχίσει τα χρόνια να αποκτούν εκτεταμένη προβολή description ofperiod, thisτελευταία phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major και παρουσία στην αρχιτεκτονική, γεγονός επίσης ενδεικτικό της GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. σημερινής ένδειας προσανατολισμού.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has severalστυλ, scholars andthe for various its more Αυτή η πολυσυλλεκτικότητα διάφορα δικαιολογείται από comprehensive approach arepreoccupied beingαπό summarized below, from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various τον ίδιο με αναφορά στον όρο «αλλαγή», ως την του interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, theσταθερά following:του δικού interpretations the phenomenon the following: In aΗsense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of είναι a new category of social groups στυλ. αυτοαναίρεση και αυτοαμφισβήτηση κάτι υπέροχο, αρκεί να to “return” to the από city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high in money υποστηρίζεται εμβάθυνση αφενός και αφετέρου απόcosts κοινωνικές and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the αρχές.

The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for born in sense1.of safety the distributed residencies town centres, better Φαίνεται επίσης να υπάρχει και outside προσωπική σύγχυση στηνwasχρήση Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services ofόπως health,και education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) εννοιών, αναντιστοιχία ανάμεσα διατυπώσεις τουfor Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germanyσε andηχηρές after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies andτης research in Geneva, Prague,του London and New York she came backοtoIsozaki: London, ιδίου και πραγματικότητας έργου. Αναφέρει λοιπόν «Η in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and αντίληψή μου για την Αρχιτεκτονική είναι ότι είναι αόρατη». «Δεν είναι University informal College of London, where she continued her social research.

Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work αλλά are characterized a passion for κανείς justice. See ENGLISH DICTIONARY. απτική, πιστεύωbyότι μπορεί ναalso: τηνCOLLINS αισθανθεί μέσα από τις and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: πέντε αισθήσεις».

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Εάν όμως πράγματι ισχύουν αυτές οι δηλώσεις, τότε πως μπορούν να εξηγηθούν οι τόσο έντονεςConcerns μορφοπλαστικές επεξεργασίες των κτηρίων

38

που σχεδιάζει; Tι άραγε σημαίνει η φράση «η αρχιτεκτονική είναι αόρατη”, όταν οι επιβλητικοί όγκοι των κατασκευών του προβάλλουν εμφατικά τις

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS μάζες τους, όσο επιμελημένες και αν είναι αυτές; Καιof πώς γίνεται η Harvard University, Graduate School Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS αρχιτεκτονική να μην είναι «απτική» αλλά να την C. αισθάνεται κανείς “με Architect Student the School Architecture τις πέντε αισθήσεις» (μεταξύ των οποίων και ηofαφή); Και of πως άραγε Technical University of Crete μπορεί κανείς να αισθανθεί αυτή την «αόρατη» αρχιτεκτονική ανεξάρτητα από κίνηση;…τον χρόνο;Defining the concept 1. την Introductory approach: Είναι λοιπόν εντυπωσιακή η ευκολία στην (444 χρήση εννοιών και όρων 1. Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), πουANTISTHENIS, είναι και που όμως φαίνεται να the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among otherτόσο wise θεμελιώδεις heritage he left us,ουσιαστικοί, he established a great the απουσιάζουν από την πρακτική εφαρμογή τους. Το πρόβλημα φαίνεται among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the για σημαντικούς αρχιτέκτονες όπως ο Isozaki, είναι ότι γιαconcepts. κάποιους acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first,μεγιστοποίηση if (in notthe final, approach, the term δικούς τους λόγους, δεν περιορίζονται στην αρετών (and urban gentrification) area of των Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification του δικού τους αλλά of αισθάνονται μια εσωτερική ανάγκη να Sociology as well), asέργου, the “refining” a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually να of low-income the placement there of artists, υπερβούν αυτές τις αρετές, τις θέτουν and μάλιστα σε δεύτερη μοίρα, και ways), of social groups, of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of να καταφεύγουν σε usually θεωρητικίζουσα φρασεολογία και υποτιθέμενες the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this “change”, regardless whatever other has, οι results rising ofαπαιτούν land prices (and theof φιλοσοφικές διατυπώσεις. Αυτές τελευταίες όμως βαθύτατο whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative στοχασμό και στέρεο υπόβαθρο, απαιτούν διαίσθηση και συντεταγμένη potential relative speculation).

The termσκέψη. gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to κοινωνική The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property poor Δυστυχώς ή trend ευτυχώς η αμέσως από τον in Isozaki γενιάof the then observed wealthy peopleπριν to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are αρχιτεκτόνων, ή them, οι σχεδόν συνομήλικοί του, άλλαξαν London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes there andτην thusΑρχιτεκτονική old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. γιατί διέθεταν βάθος σκέψης, κοινωνική συγκρότηση και φιλοσοφική being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth υπόσταση. Επίσης δεν ήρθαν των υστέρωνinwere να να A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included theωραιοποιήσουν work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same whileεκ similar recorded in otherκαι major προσθέσουν αξία στο έργο τους. Αντίθετα μάλιστα τα έργα αυτών, GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. συντάχθηκαν ταυτόχρονα με την διαμόρφωση της σκέψης την Since then, the issue has several scholars and forτους, its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more ταυτόχρονη ανάπτυξη θεωρητικού και του φιλοσοφικού τους comprehensive approachτου are being summarized below, from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various υποβάθρου. Κάτι που συνιστά συνολικό the ιδεολογικό έλλειμμα της interpretations of the phenomenon ofένα gentrification, following: interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense,εποχής, theof phenomenon is dueof toτην a trend of a new of social σημερινής και βρίσκει πλήρη αντανάκλασή του groups στην to “return” Αρχιτεκτονική. to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money σύγχρονη and time travel μια fromφορά the purlieus work place is, lack of the Γιαtoακόμα λοιπόν,toηdowntown, αισιοδοξίαwhere έρχεται από το παράδειγμα 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, better του LeCorbusier. Ταξίδεψε πολύ, ταλαιπωρήθηκε, μελέτησε, έκανεwas σκίτσα Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heartκαι of the city”,movements (possibly)for και διαγράμματα, έγραφε κείμενα, ζωγράφιζε έκανε γλυπτική.

Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, Londonσκέψη and New York back to London, Συνδύασε τέλος inτην μαθηματική με she τηνcame ανθρωποκεντρική in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and αντίληψη της Αρχιτεκτονικής. αυτό τοresearch. εξαίσιοHerσύστημα τον University informal College of London, where sheΈφτιαξε continued her social public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by aτις passion for justice.του See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. “modulor”, που ταύτισε διαστάσεις ανθρώπινου σώματος, με τις and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: μαθηματικές αναλογίες της ανθρώπινης σκέψης.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Του κ. Γεωργ. Δ. ΜΑΡΤΖΕΛΟΥ Concerns Ομότ. Καθηγητή του ΑΠΘ και Διευθυντή

ΟΙ ΤΡΕΙΣ ΕΙΚΟΝΟΓΡΑΦΙΚΟΙ ΚΥΚΛΟΙ ΣΤΗ ΒΥΖΑΝΤΙΝΗ ΑΓΙΟΓΡΑΦΙΑ ΚΑΙ Η ΘΕΟΛΟΓΙΚΗ ΣΗΜΑΣΙΑ ΤΟΥΣ

του Μεταπτυχ. Προγράμ. Θεολογ. Σπουδών Byτου Mr.Πανεπιστημίου George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Εισαγωγή Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete Μία από τις μεγαλύτερες ιστορικές προκλήσεις που συνετέλεσαν

καθοριστικά στηνapproach: ανάπτυξη της βυζαντινής 1. Introductory Defining the conceptτέχνης είναι αναμφίβολα η Εικονομαχία. Πριν από την Εικονομαχία αυθαιρεσία όσον 1. Introductory approach: theυπήρχε conceptκάποια ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), αφορά τη διάταξη των εικονογραφικών παραστάσεων μέσα στους ναούς.

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the oς Ηamong Εικονομαχία ανάγκασε τους Πατέρες εποχής εκείνης (8 – 9ος αι.), other wise heritage he left us,definition he της established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the of the content concepts. όπως τονtherefore, Ιωάννη Δαμασκηνό, Θεόδωρο Στουδίτη κ.ά., να acquisition ofάγ. knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, on this “principle” aτο first, if of not final, approach, the term 1τη αναδείξουν θεολογική και παιδαγωγική εικόνων για Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first,αξία if (in notτων final, approach, the την term (and urban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 1 gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, ofπλέον Planning) (or κατηχητική κατάρτιση των πιστών . Οιisarea, εικόνες θεωρήθηκαν ως τα Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various βιβλία των αγραμμάτων που τίθενται στην υπηρεσία της Εκκλησίας για ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there ofΌπως artists, την εξυπηρέτηση των κατηχητικών και της αναγκών. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.ποιμαντικών However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of«όπερ land prices (and theof τονίζει χαρακτηριστικά ο άγ. Ιωάννης ο Δαμασκηνός, τοις γράμμασι whatever other consequences has,τοις results also rising ηofεικών land prices (andτη the potential relative speculation). μεμνημένοις η βίβλος, τούτο και αγραμμάτοις και όπερ potential relative speculation).

2. Γι’ Theοterm gentrification is found ηatεικών first in. νοητώς the UK inγαρ early 1960s and it refers to αυτή ενούμεθα» ακοή λόγος, τούτο τη οράσει The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor αυτό και η Ζ΄ Οικουμενική Σύνοδος αφήρεσε άπαξ διά παντός από τους the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay of themselves andτο thusπού old residents ζωγράφους το δικαίωμα αποφασίζουν οι ίδιοι για πώς are θα London, upgrade them, stayνα themselves sometimes there and thus oldκαι residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A1description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included the recorded work ofτας Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar were inαγίας otherεικόνας major Βλ. ενδεικτικά Ιωάννου Δαμασκηνού, Προς τουςin διαβάλλοντας .

GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities Western by other Researchers. Στουδίτου, Κατά Εικονομάχων 1-3, PG 99, 328 D – 1-3, PGin94, 1232 Acountries, – 1420 C Θεοδώρου . cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, issue has several scholars its more καιthe ανατροπή των ασεβών ποιημάτων, PG 99, 436 Β – and 476 Βfor Προβλήματά 436 A. Έλεγχος Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its κατά more τινα προς Εικονομάχους, λέγοντας Κύριονsummarized ημών Ιησούν Χριστόν εγγράφεσθαι comprehensive approach areτονbeing below,μηfrom the . comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Πλάτωνα τον εαυτού τον σωματικόν χαρακτήρα, PG 99, 477ofΒgentrification, 497 C Επιστολή interpretations of the phenomenon the προς following: . interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: Νικηφόρου πατέρα περί της προσκυνήσεως εικόνων, PGof99, 500 Α – 505of Csocial In a sense, theof phenomenon isτων dueof togentrification, a trend a new groups Κωνσταντινουπόλεως, Αντίρρησις και ανατροπή των παρά του δυσσεβούς Μαμωνά κατά to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money της σωτηρίου του Θεού Λόγου σαρκώσεως αμαθώς και αθέως κενολογηθέντων and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Υπέρ GLASS, τηςoutside αμωμήτου καθαράς και ειλικρινούς ληρημάτων 1-3, at PG 100, 205 Sociologist Α – 533 Α. Ruth 1.of The term comes from 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies townκαι centres, for Berlin, where she made her firstκαι studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: ημών των Χριστιανών πίστεως κατά των δοξαζόντων ειδώλοις προσκεκυνημέναι, PG services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for 100, 533 Β – 849 Α. Βλ. και Δ. Ι. Τσελεγγίδη, Η Θεολογία των εικόνων και η lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and.car Neweasier York she came to back to London, G. D.InMartzelos, „Die dogmatischen ανθρωπολογική σημασία της, Θεσσαλονίκη 1984 in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued social research.

Her public and Grundlagen der orthodoxen Ikonenlehre“, στο her Επιστημονική Επετηρίδα Θεολογικής long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work(Νέα are characterized by a Θεολογίας, passion for justice.

Seeαφιέρωμα also: COLLINS DICTIONARY. Σχολής σειρά), Τιμητικό στονENGLISH ομότιμο καθηγητή and selling realCOLLINS estate,Τμήμα etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Αντώνιο – Αιμίλιο Ταχιάο, 8 (1998), σ.

265-281.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 2 Προς τους διαβάλλοντας τας αγίας εικόνας 1, 17, PG 94, 1248 C.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

τοποθετούν μέσα στο ναό τις διάφορες εικονικές παραστάσεις. Το δικαίωμα αυτό ανήκει πλέον στην ίδια την Εκκλησία. Όπως αναφέρεται συγκεκριμένα στα Πρακτικά της Ζ΄ Οικουμενικής Συνόδου, «Οὐ ζωγράφων ἐφεύρεσις ἡ τῶν εἰκόνων ποίησις, ἀλλὰ τῆς καθολικῆς ἐκκλησίας ἔγκριτος θεσμοθεσία καὶ παράδοσις [...]. Μενοῦν γε τῶν πατέρων ἡ ἐπίνοια καὶ ἡ παράδοσις καὶ οὐ τοῦ ζωγράφου• τοῦ γὰρ ζωγράφου ἡ τέχνη μόνον• ἡ δὲ 3. Άλλωστε ο ναός διάταξις πρόδηλον τῶν δειμαμένων ἁγίων πατέρων»

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS απέκτησε ήδη ένα θεολογικό συμβολισμό που εξυπηρετούσε την Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS παραπάνω απόφαση της Ζ΄ Οικουμενικής Συνόδου: συμβόλιζε τόσο τη Architect of the School of Architecture Βασιλεία του Θεού, όσο και ολόκληρο Student τον κόσμο, μέσα στον οποίο Technical University of Crete 4. Αποτελούσε τρόπον διαδραματίζεται το σωτηριώδες έργο του Χριστού τινά μια μικρογραφική αναπαράσταση του σύμπαντος, όπου η οροφή 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept εικονίζει τον ουρανό, ενώ το δάπεδο -όπου βρίσκονται οι πιστοί- εικονίζει 1. Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), τη ANTISTHENIS, γη. other Γι’ αυτό και διάφορες εικονικές παραστάσεις να the οι ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 έπρεπε BC, Athens), among wise heritage he left us, he established a great the ανταποκρίνονται στο συμβολισμό αυτό, έτσι ώστε να εξυπηρετείται κατά among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the τον καλύτερο δυνατό τρόπο το the κατηχητικό και ποιμαντικό έργο της acquisition of knowledge starts with the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle”με inindicated aτην first,πάροδο if (in notthe final, approach, the term Εκκλησίας. Έτσι δημιουργήθηκαν του χρόνου τρεις (and urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification εικονογραφικοί πουof a city αναπτύσσονται Sociology as well), asκύκλοι the “refining” area, the removalσε from συγκεκριμένα this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” ofγια a city fromthere this, (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement of αρχιτεκτονικά τμήματα του ναού, να area, εκφράζουν με τρόπο εποπτικό το ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operationπεριεχόμενο of art galleries,των restaurants, etc. However this “change”, of θεολογικό εικονικών παραστάσεων: ο regardless δογματικός the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this regardless whatever has, rising of “change”, land prices (and theof κύκλος, ο other λειτουργικός κύκλος και results ο ιστορικός ή εορταστικός κύκλος. whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto α)term Ο δογματικός the then observed trend κύκλος ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof Ο δογματικός κύκλος αναπτύσσεται στον κάθετο άξονα του ναού, London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. και συγκεκριμένα στο νάρθηκα, στον τρούλο και στο τεταρτοσφαίριο της being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description this phenomenon is included the οποίου work ofμπαίνουμε Sociologist στον Ruth κόγχης του ιερούofβήματος. Στο νάρθηκα, μέσωinτου A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major κυρίως ναό, εικονίζεται ο Χριστός, ο οποίος με το αριστερό χέρι κρατάmajor το GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other cities in Western countries, byευλογεί. other Researchers. Ευαγγέλιο και με το δεξιό Αγιογραφείται ακριβώς πάνω από την cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more κεντρική είσοδο τουissue ναού, όπως π.χ. στη Μονή τηςscholars Χώρας (Καχριέ Τζαμί), Since then, the has several andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from υπενθυμίζοντας στους εισερχόμενους στο ναό πιστούς ότι αυτός είναι «η comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: θύρα», από την οποία καλούνται να εισέλθουν, για να εξασφαλίσουν τη interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups 5 Στον πουthe εικονίζει αγιογραφείται Χριστός σωτηρία to “return”. to the τρούλο city, leaving purlieusτον for ουρανό several reasons: high costsο in money ως Παντοκράτωρ, με τη σοβαρή και αυστηρή, αλλά ταυτόχρονα and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack ofκαι the γλυκιά μορφή του,distributed έτσιSociologist ώστε να εποπτεύει και να συντροφεύει τουςin 1.of The termat comes from Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS for wasbetter born sense safety the residencies outside town centres, search Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies 3 and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to 2London, where D. Mansi, Sacrorum Conciliorum Nova et Amplissima 1960-1961, in According 1943J.she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon isCollectio, due aGraz systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and 13, 252 BC. informal long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying 4 her work are characterized by a passion for justice.

See also: COLLINS ENGLISHκαι DICTIONARY. Βλ. Γερμανού Κωνσταντινουπόλεως (αμφιβ.), Ιστορία Μυστική and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially ofΕκκλησιαστική part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: θεωρία, PG 98, 384 Β – 401 D. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 5 .

40

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

πιστούς που βρίσκονται μέσα στον μικρόκοσμο του ναού, υπενθυμίζοντάς τους ότι ο ίδιος είναι εν ταυτώ ο Δημιουργός, ο Σωτήρας και ο Κριτής του κόσμου6. Μερικές φορές ο Χριστός ως Παντοκράτωρ περιστοιχίζεται είτε από τους προφήτες της Π. Διαθήκης είτε από τους αποστόλους, τη Θεοτόκο ή ακόμη και από κάποιους αγγέλους. Η τελευταία αυτή απεικόνιση του Παντοκράτορα περιστοιχιζόμενου, όπως είπαμε, από τους αποστόλους, τη Θεοτόκο ή ακόμηByκαι κάποιους αγγέλους αποτελεί Mr.από George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS μετεξέλιξη αρχαιότερης παράστασης της Αναλήψεως, η Student, οποία Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, ος αι.).

By Mr. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS απεικονίζεται ήδη στον τρούλο της Αγ.George-Sp. Σοφίας Θεσσαλονίκης (9 Architect Student of theπου School Architecture Κάτω από τον τρούλο, στα τέσσερα σφαιρικά τρίγωνα τονofστηρίζουν, Technical University of στα Crete απεικονίζονται συνήθως οι τέσσερις ευαγγελιστές που διακηρύσσουν ευαγγέλιά τους την εξουσία και τηνthe αγάπη του Παντοκράτορα Υιού και 1. Introductory approach: Defining concept Λόγου του Θεού. Στο τεταρτοσφαίριο της κόγχης τουBC ιερού Βήματος που 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, - 370 BC, Athens), είναιANTISTHENIS, τοother αρχιτεκτονικό ναού που ενώνει (444 τον τρούλο τονAthens), τοίχο theμέρος ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370μεBC, among wise heritage he του left us, he established a great the της κόγχης που πατάει στο δάπεδο απεικονίζεται η Θεοτόκος, «η τα among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts.άνω 7, starts αυτή δηλ. the που με τη σύλληψη και τηofγέννηση του τοις κάτωtherefore, συνάψασα» acquisition of knowledge with the content concepts.

Based, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term 8.

1κατά therefore, onανθρώπινη this “principle” inindicated aτου first, if (in notthe final, approach, theγη term ΘεούBased, Λόγου την φύση ένωσε τον ουρανό με τη (and urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom area of Planning) (or Εικονίζεται συνήθως ένθρονη, έχοντας πάντοτε στην αγκαλιά ως Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal this, (inτης various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of τον social groups,ήusually of low-income and the placement artists, βρέφος Χριστό, σπανιότερα σε όρθια στάση, δεόμενηthere στονofυιό και ways), social groups, usually low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of Θεό τηςof υπέρ του κόσμου. ΗofΘεοτόκος απεικονίζεται με μαφόριο που the operation art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other consequences has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof κοσμείται απόofτρία σταυροειδή αστέρια, ένα στον αριστερό ώμο, ένα στο whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative κάλυμμα της κεφαλής και ένα στον δεξιό ώμο, δηλώνοντας κατ’ αυτό τον potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first inδηλ. the προ UK in early 1960sκατά and itτον refers to τρόπο την αειπαρθενία της, ότι υπήρξε του τόκου, τόκο The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor και τον τόκοtrend παρθένος. Ο Χριστός ως βρέφος φέρει στοof the μετά then observed wealthy people επίσης to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are φωτοστέφανό του ακτινωτό σταυρό, στις τρεις κεραίες του οποίου London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. δηλώνεται η προαιώνια ύπαρξη και η θεότητά του με τα γράμματα Ο ΩΝ. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ΈτσιA description από στιγμή που πιστός εισέρχεται μέσαof Sociologist στο ναόmajor και ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work Ruth GLASS at theτηsame whileοsimilar in other καταλαμβάνει τη θέση του μέσα σ’ αυτόν διδάσκεται τις βασικές GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. δογματικές αλήθειες τηςhas χριστιανικής πίστης. Τα scholars μάτια τουand ατενίζουν κατ’ Since then, the issue several for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more αρχή τον Χριστόapproach ως τη μοναδική πύλη της σωτηρίας, τη μόνη comprehensive are being summarized below, from σωτηριώδη the various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various «θύρα των προβάτων», έπειτα ως Παντοκράτορα που η θεϊκή εξουσία interpretations of the phenomenon ofτον gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon the following: Inηa ευσπλαχνία sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend a new category ofευαγγελιστές social groups και του διακηρύττονται απόof τους τέσσερις to “return” to theτους city, leaving the ως purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money στα ευαγγέλιά και τέλος το σαρκωμένο Λόγο του Θεού που με τη and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth6Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Βλ.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification β) Ο λειτουργικός κύκλος Concerns

σύλληψή του μέσα στη μήτρα της Παρθένου την κατέστησε όχι μόνο Θεοδόχο, αλλά και Θεοτόκο, ευρυχωροτέρα και πλατυτέρα των ουρανών. Ο λειτουργικός κύκλος αναπτύσσεται μέσα στο ιερό Βήμα του ναού που συμβολίζει το ουράνιο θυσιαστήριο με το εσφαγμένο αρνίο, για το

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS οποίο γίνεται λόγος στην Αποκάλυψη του Ιωάννη9. Στην κεντρική κόγχη Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, του ιερού Βήματος, ακριβώς κάτω την Πλατυτέρα, εικονίζονται

By Mr.από George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect αφενός η κοινωνία των Αποστόλων και ηStudent λειτουργία των αγγέλων και of the School of Architecture αφετέρου άγιοι ιεράρχες που είτε συνέταξαν Technical θείες λειτουργίες University of είτε Crete εκπροσωπούν την τοπική λειτουργική παράδοση της αρχιεπισκοπικής 1. Introductory approach: theοconcept τους περιφέρειας, όπως οDefining Ιάκωβος Αδελφόθεος, ο Μ. Βασίλειος, ο 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444ο BC 370 BC, Athens), Γρηγόριος ο Θεολόγος, ο Ιωάννης ο Χρυσόστομος, Μ. -Αθανάσιος και ο ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great Κύριλλος Αλεξανδρείας. Ο Χριστός παρουσιάζεται συνήθως the με among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of να the μεταδίδει content concepts. αρχιερατικά άμφια ως ιερουργών επίσκοπος από τη μια acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term μεριά της therefore, Αγίας το σώμα του και από άλλη το αίμα 1 (andΤραπέζης Based, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notτην final, approach, the του term urban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 στους Αποστόλους, οι οποίοι χωρισμένοι σε δύο ομάδες προσέρχονται με gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various φόβο Θεού, όπως μαρτυρεί η στάση τους, για να κοινωνήσουν των Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, αχράντων μυστηρίων. Οι restaurants, άγγελοι ενδεδυμένοι ως διάκονοι παρίστανται ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, etc. However this “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless εκατέρωθεν του Μεγάλου Αρχιερέως Χριστού, διακονώντας τον κατά whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and την theof whatever otherΑποστόλων, consequences has, οι results also rising of landτον prices (and the κοινωνία των όπως διάκονοι υπηρετούν επίσκοπο potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). κατά κοινωνίαis των οι άγιοι που Theτη termθεία gentrification foundπιστών. at first in Εξάλλου the UK in early 1960sιεράρχες and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor συνέταξαν θείες λειτουργίες ή εκπροσωπούν τηin λειτουργική παράδοση theεπαρχίας then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes andαπό thusτην old residents areof της τους συνήθως εικονίζονται όρθιοι κάτω παράσταση London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. της κοινωνίας των Αποστόλων και της λειτουργίας των αγγέλων, being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description this phenomenon is included the work of Sociologist Ruth κρατώντας σταof χέρια τους ειλητάριο πουinπεριέχει ευχές της Θείας A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Λειτουργίας (π.χ. «Οperiod, Θεός while ο άγιος ο ενsituations αγίοις αναπαυόμενος…», «Ουδείς GLASS at the same similar were recorded in other major cities inτων Western countries, by other Researchers. άξιος συνδεδεμένων ταις σαρκικαίς επιθυμίαις και ηδοναίς…», «Άξιον cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more 10. και δίκαιον σε υμνείν, σε ευλογείν, σοι ευχαριστείν, σε προσκυνείν…»)

Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach areκόγχης being summarized below, from the various Αριστεράofτης κεντρικής του ιερούthe Βήματος, στη μικρότερη interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: κόγχη της Προθέσεως, εικονίζεται ηa trend ΆκραofΤαπείνωση, όπου ο Χριστός, In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a new of social groups προβάλλει μέσα από μια σαρκοφάγο συνήθως με τα χέρια του δεμένα, to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from purlieus downtown, where work is, lack the έχοντας πίσω του το the Σταυρό καιtoδεξιά και αριστερά τουplace και τα άλλαofδύο 1.of The termat comes from Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for σύμβολα του πάθους, τηSociologist λόγχη και τον κάλαμο με το σπόγγο, ανάγοντας Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health,αυτό education, entertainment “atστη the heart of theτου city”, (possibly) με τονUnemployment. τρόπο τοsame νου του σταυρική θυσία πουfor Youth The year she πιστού left Germany and after continuous movements lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research inμυστηριακά Geneva, Prague, NewΛειτουργία.

York she came back London, where επαναλαμβάνεται σεLondon κάθεand Θεία Στη toδεξιά μικρή in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and κόγχη του ιερού Βήματος εικονίζεται συνήθως η θυσία του Αβραάμ που University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

9 Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Βλ.

4, in 4 κ.ε.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety ofΑποκ. ways, order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 10

42

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

συμβολίζει κι’ αυτή τη σταυρική θυσία του Χριστού. Έτσι όλες οι παραστάσεις του λειτουργικού κύκλου σκοπό έχουν να προβάλουν την πρωταρχική σημασία της λειτουργικής ζωής της Εκκλησίας με κέντρο το μυστήριο της Θείας Ευχαριστίας που θεμελιώνεται πάνω στη σταυρική θυσία του Χριστού11.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS γ) Ο ιστορικός ή εορταστικός κύκλος Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Ο ιστορικός ή εορταστικός By κύκλος αναπτύσσεται στους πλαγίους Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect τοίχους, στις καμάρες κα στο νάρθηκα τουStudent ναού και περιλαμβάνει σκηνές of the School of Architecture από τη ζωή του Χριστού, όπως τη Γέννηση, την Προσκύνηση των Μάγων, Technical University of Crete την Υπαπαντή, τη Βάπτιση, τη Μεταμόρφωση, τα θαύματα, τα Πάθη, την 1. Introductory the concept Ανάσταση και τηνapproach: ΑνάληψήDefining του ή ακόμη και την Πεντηκοστή, καθώς και 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -τα 370Εισόδια, BC, Athens), σκηνές από τη ζωή της Θεοτόκου, όπως τη Γέννηση, τον ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Ευαγγελισμό και την Κοίμησή της, αλλά και παραστάσεις διαφόρων αγίων among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. της Εκκλησίας. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Όσονtherefore, αφορά τις από τη is ζωή του ifΧριστού και της Θεοτόκου Based, onσκηνές this “principle” in a first, notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) indicated (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in theκαι areaπριν of Planning) (or πρέπει ναas well), πούμε αυτές κοσμούσαν τους ναούς από την Sociology as ότι the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Εικονομαχία, αλλά ήταν σκόρπιες, χωρίς κανένα συγκεκριμένο πρόγραμμα ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there ιστορικής ακολουθίας. Μετά την Εικονομαχία όμως, και κυρίως απόofτοartists, 14ofο the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also of land pricesιστορική (and theof αι. και εξής, οι σκηνές αυτές διατάσσονται μεrising μία συγκεκριμένη whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative ακολουθία, ώστεspeculation). να εικονίζουν κατά σειράν τις δώδεκα μεγάλες γιορτές potential relative speculation). term gentrification is found first inγνωστές the UK in early 1960s and it refers(ο to τουTheλειτουργικού έτους που atείναι ως «Δωδεκάορτο» The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Ευαγγελισμός, η Γέννηση, η Υπαπαντή, η Βάπτιση, η Μεταμόρφωση, η the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof Βαϊοφόρος, η Έγερση Σταύρωση, η Ανάσταση, Ανάληψη, London, upgrade them,του stayΛαζάρου, themselvesηsometimes there and thus oldηresidents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ηbeing Κοίμηση της “squeezed”. Θεοτόκου και η Πεντηκοστή), όπου παρεμβάλλονται και indirectly A description of this phenomenon is included in the work Sociologist Ruth 12. of Εδώ πρέπει Ruth να παραστάσεις διαφόρων θαυμάτων του Χριστού A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist GLASS at the same while similar in other major τονίσουμε σε αντίθεση με τη Δυτική Εκκλησία στουςinναούς της GLASS at ότι the same period, similar situations wereπου recorded other major cities in Western countries, bywhile other Researchers. απεικονίζει σχεδόν αποκλειστικά τα Πάθη, και ιδιαίτερα τη Σταύρωση του cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Χριστού, Ορθόδοξη δεν εξαίρει μονομερώς τα the Πάθη του Since η then, the issueΕκκλησία has several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Χριστού, αλλάofμεthe τοphenomenon Δωδεκάορτο εντάσσει μέσα στο όλο σωτηριώδες interpretations of τα gentrification, the following: interpretations of theΟικονομίας phenomenon of theτον following: σχέδιο της the θείας που Ευαγγελισμό της In a sense, phenomenon is due togentrification, aαρχίζει trend of aαπό new category of social groups 13 . Θεοτόκου και ολοκληρώνεται με την Πεντηκοστή to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and timeΌσον to travel fromτις theπαραστάσεις purlieus to downtown, where work place lack of the αφορά των διαφόρων αγίων τηςis,Εκκλησίας, 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, αυτές αποκλειστικά στους πλαγίους τοίχους των Berlin, αναπτύσσονται where she made herσχεδόν first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,Όσιοι (possibly) Youth Unemployment.

The same διάφοροι year she left Μάρτυρες, Germany and after continuous movements ναών, όπου εικονίζονται Ομολογητές, καιfor lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Ιεράρχες, καθώς καιstudies μεγάλοι στρατιωτικοί άγιοι, όπωςshe ο άγ. Δημήτριος, ο the in According 1943 she published regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 teacher in to another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research.

Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying 11 are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. her work Βλ.real C. D.estate, Kalokyris, όπ. παρ., σ. 16 εξ., 82 κ.ε. and selling etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 12 Βλ.

C. D. Kalokyris, όπ. παρ., σ.

14 εξ.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 13

Πρβλ. C. D. Kalokyris, όπ. παρ., σ. 20.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

άγ. Γεώργιος, ο άγ. Αρτέμιος, ο άγ. Φανούριος, ο άγ. Προκόπιος κ.ά., που όλοι τους ανάλογα με την ιδιότητά τους αποτελούν πρότυπα προς μίμηση για τη ζωή των πιστών. Δεν προβάλλονται όμως μόνον άγιοι άνδρες ως πρότυπα προς μίμηση, αλλά και άγιες γυναίκες, οι οποίες εικονίζονται συνηθέστατα στο νάρθηκα των ναών. Συνηθέστατα επίσης στο νάρθηκα εικονίζονται και παραστάσεις απόBy τηMr. ζωή της Θεοτόκου, όπως η Γέννηση, George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, τα Εισόδια και η Κοίμηση της Θεοτόκου, που είναι εμπνευσμένες από τα By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS 14 Architect λεγόμενα «Απόκρυφα Ευαγγέλια» , τα οποία, καίτοι ψευδεπίγραφα, Student of the School of Architecture επηρέασαν σε βάθος το εορτολόγιο της Εκκλησίας και τη σχετική μ’ αυτό Technical University of Crete υμνογραφία και αγιογραφία. Μάλιστα η Κοίμηση της Θεοτόκου εικονίζεται συνήθως στο δυτικό τοίχο νάρθηκα, πάνω από την πύλη 1. Introductory approach: Defining the του concept 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept εξόδου από το ναό, αν και όχι σπάνια εικονίζεται η Δευτέρα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444αντ’ BC αυτής - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), Παρουσία του Χριστού, μεhe τον να εμφανίζεται εντός δόξης, στην among other wise heritage leftΧριστό us, he established a great “principle”: the amongμετέχει other wise heritage leftthe us, heΤον established a great the οποία ο χορός των he αγίων που συνοδεύει, ενώof“principle”: κάτω από τα acquisition of knowledge starts with definition of the content concepts. acquisition of knowledge with the the content ofρίχνονται concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition aπυρός, first, if of not final, approach, the term πόδια του ξεχύνεται ο starts ποταμός του στον οποίο οι 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification αμετανόητοι αμαρτωλοί.

1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement Συμπέρασμα ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other απ’ consequences has, results also rising of land (and theof Ύστερα όσα είπαμε, αντιλαμβανόμαστε ότι prices η βυζαντινή whatever other consequences has, results alsoκύκλους, rising of land prices (andτο the potential relative αγιογραφία με speculation). τους τρεις εικονογραφικούς το δογματικό, potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK early andαπλώς it refersκαι to λειτουργικό και τον ιστορικό ή εορταστικό, δεν in έχει ως1960s σκοπό The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor μόνο τη διακόσμηση του εσωτερικού των ναών, αλλά την ποιμαντική the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves andβασικές thus old residents areof καθοδήγηση των πιστών, ώστε ναsometimes γνωρίσουν τις London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus oldδογματικές residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. αλήθειες της χριστιανικής πίστεως, τη λειτουργική ζωή της Εκκλησίας και being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ιδιαίτερα την πρωταρχική σημασίαisτης ΘείαςinΕυχαριστίας που πηγάζει A description ofperiod, this phenomenon included the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations were in other major από τη σταυρική θυσία του Χριστού, καθώς επίσης και τις βασικές πτυχές GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. της σωτηριώδους Θείας Οικονομίας μέσα scholars από τοandΔωδεκάορτο, cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several for its more παρέχοντας ταυτόχρονα ζωντανά πρότυπα προς μίμηση τους αγίους της Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Εκκλησίας καιofτην Υπεραγία Θεοτόκο. Με την the έννοια αυτή η βυζαντινή interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, following: interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: αγιογραφία δενof είναι μια απλή αλλά μια θεολογική In a sense, the phenomenon is dueθρησκευτική togentrification, a trend of aτέχνη, new of social groups τέχνη με την πλήρη σημασία του όρου, ταγμένη, όπως ειπώθηκε στην to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time toκατηχητικό travel from the to downtown, work place is, lack ofδεν the αρχή, στο καιpurlieus ποιμαντικό έργο τηςwhere Εκκλησίας. Γι’ αυτό και 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for was born sense safety distributed outside town centres, better μπορεί ούτε ναtheνοηθεί ούτεresidencies ναRuth γίνει κατανοητή ανεξάρτητα από τηin Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) μυστηριακή και πνευματική ζωήshe τηςleftΕκκλησίας.

Youth Unemployment.

The same year Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying 14 are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. her work Σχετικά με την επίδραση τωνdepreciation Αποκρύφων Ευαγγελίων αγιογραφία and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the initially of στη partβυζαντινή of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: βλ. Κ. Δ. Καλοκύρη, Πηγαί της Χριστιανικής Αρχαιολογίας (Κείμενα και Μνημεία), G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

44

Θεσσαλονίκη 1967, σ. 129 κ.ε.

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Θεόδωρος Α. ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΣ GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, WITHOUT COMPASS? ΧΩΡΙΣ ΠΥΞΙΔΑ; Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification 30+… steps for Europe Concerns Αθήναι, 2018, σελ. 280

Έκδοση Κέντρου Επιμόρφωσης, Μελετών Έρευνας και By Ανάπτυξης, ΑθήναιC. ATHANASOPOULOS Mr. George-Sp.

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Σε ειδική εκδήλωση στα Γραφεία του Ευρωπαϊκού Κοινοβουλίου στην Student of the School of Architecture Αθήνα εκλεκτές προσωπικότητες παρουσίασαν το νέο βιβλίο με τον Technical University of Crete

αναγραφόμενο ανωτέρω τίτλο του διακεκριμένου Στελέχους της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης και Καθηγητού Επισκέπτου Βόννης κ. Θεοδώρου 1. Introductory approach: Definingτου the Πανεπιστημίου concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 Α. ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΥ, ενώπιον ενός πυκνού ακροατηρίου.

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greekενθουσιώδους philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370κ.BC, Athens), σχετική συζήτηση συντόνισε ο Δημοσιογράφος Γεώργιος amongΤην other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the among other wiseενώ heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a great the ΛΥΚΟΥΡΕΝΤΖΟΣ, τον έλαβαν κατάofσειράν η κυρία Μαριέττα acquisition of knowledge startsλόγο with the content of“principle”: concepts. acquisition ofπρ. knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. ΓΙΑΝΝΑΚΟΥ, Βουλευτής, Υπουργός Ευρωβουλευτής, ο κ. Γεώργιος Based, therefore, on this “principle” aκαι first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, onKαθηγητής this “principle” Πανεπιστημίου, inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΙΚΑΚΗΣ, πρ. Πρύτανις, gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as a city area, theΚαθηγητής removal fromΠανεπιστημίου, this, (in various Ευρωβουλευτής, ο the κ. “refining” Γιάννης ofΜΑΝΙΑΤΗΣ, Sociology asπρ. well), as the “refining” of a city area, the fromthere this, (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually low-income theremoval placement of Βουλευτής, Υπουργός και of ο κ. Κωνστ. ΓΕ.and ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, Καθηγητής ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of artΠρόεδρος galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Πανεπιστημίων, Νομικής Σχολής Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, το the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof οποίο εδρεύει στην Πάφο της Κύπρου. whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Άπαντες οι Ομιλητές εξήραν την αξία και την σημασία του κρινομένου potential relative speculation).

The και termυπεγράμμισαν gentrification isτην found at firstνα in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to έργου ανάγκη η μεγαλύτερη δυνατή The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first inεπιδιωχθεί the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor διάχυση των σημαντικών μηνυμάτων του καιtoτης κεντρικής φιλοσοφίας τουof the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves there and thus old residents are Συγγραφέως.

London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Μέχρι την “squeezed”. ώρα τουisανά χείρας στοιχεία being indirectly A description of thisεκτύπωσης phenomenon included in τεύχους the workδιαθέσιμα of Sociologist Ruth προς δημοσίευση ήταν εκείνα των κυρίων ΜΑΝΙΑΤΗ και ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ, A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major τα οποία και καταχωρούνται εν συνεχεία. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied otherμε Researchers.

Since then, the issueέκλεισαν has several scholars and for its more Την εκδήλωση θερμούς λόγους ευχαριστιών ο κ.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied severalοbelow, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive areΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, being summarized ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΣ και approach ο Καθηγητής οποίοςfrom επέδωσε στον κ. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟ και ειδική αναμνηστική πλακέτα ως ελάχιστη συμβολή στην interpretations of the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new social groups αναγνώριση του πολυσχιδούς και σημαντικού έργου του ofτιμωμένου κ to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΥ. and time travelμε from purlieusαπό to downtown, work place lackτον of the Σε to σχέση τα the λεχθέντα την κυρίαwhere ΓΙΑΝΝΑΚΟΥ καιis,από κ. termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΙΚΑΚΗ σημειώνονται ενδεικτικά τα εξής: Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Σε αποδόμηση του μύθου πως όλα τα καλά προέρχονται από τις εθνικές lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Κυβερνήσεις και όλα τα “δεινά” προέρχονται από τις Βρυξέλλες προέβη η in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research.

Her public action and πρώην Υπουργός κυρία by Μαριέττα περιγράφοντας long-term informal effort organizedΓΙΑΝΝΑΚΟΥ groups, manufacturers, brokersαναλυτικά of buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. όσα θετικά έχει αποκομίσει η χώρα από τη συμμετοχή της στην ευρωπαϊκή and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: οικογένεια, ιδιαίτερα στους τομείς των κοινωνικών δικαιωμάτων και της G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

εκπαίδευσης. Η πρώην Υπουργός έκρουσε τον κώδωνα του κινδύνου για άνοδο ακροδεξιών και ευρωσκεπτιστικών δυνάμεων στις επικείμενες ευρωεκλογές λέγοντας πως η αύξηση της δύναμης τους στο Ευρωκοινοβούλιο θα κάνει δυσκολότερη τη λήψη ευεργετικών αποφάσεων για τους λαούς της Ευρώπης. Παράλληλα η κυρία ΓΙΑΝΝΑΚΟΥ έστειλε σαφές μήνυμα υπέρ της συνεννόησης θυμίζοντας χαρακτηριστικά, ότι η συνεννόηση Χριστανοδημοκρατών και Σοσιαλδημοκρατών έκανε την Ευρώπη αυτό που

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS είναι σήμερα.

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Στο ζήτημα των περιφερειακών ανισοτήτων στο ο Συγγραφέας

By Mr. George-Sp. C. οποίο ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect έχει αφιερώσει εκτενές τμήμα του βιβλίου του αναφέρθηκε ο Ευρωβουλευτής Student of the School of Architecture of Crete κ. Γιώργος ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΙΚΑΚΗΣ επισημαίνοντας τα Technical εξής: “ΟιUniversity περιφερειακές ανισότητες είναι παρούσες και είναι αυτές οι οποίες προκαλούν άλλου είδους 1. Introductory approach: Defining concept αλλεπάλληλα προβλήματα”. Ο the Ευρωβουλευτής στην 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BCεστιάστηκε ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek - 370 BC, πολυγλωσσία του βιβλίου και στο ότιphilosopher, ο Συγγραφέας διατήρησε τα Athens), κείμενα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other heritage he left us, he established a great the αυτούσια στηwise γλώσσα στην οποία είτε γράφτηκαν, είτε εκφωνήθηκαν. “Είναι among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. και αυτό ένα δείγμα του τι είναι Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση και επιβεβαιώνει τον acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term απόλυτο σεβασμό στα διακριτά χαρακτηριστικά και στη διαφορετική 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification γλώσσα κάθε εταίρου” είπε.

1 (and urban gentrification gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various 1 είπε τα εξής: Ο κ. Γιάννης ΜΑΝΙΑΤΗΣ Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of αφορμή social groups, usually of low-income and επιτρέψτε thethis placement of artists, Με τις επικείμενες ευρωεκλογές, μουthere ξεκινώντας, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless αφοὺ ευχαριστὴσω τον Καθηγητὴ Κωνσταντὶνο ΑΘΑΝΑΣὸΠΟΥΛΟ και the τοof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and whatever otherspeculation). consequences results και alsoΑνάπτυξης rising of land (and the Κὲντρο Επιμὸρφωσης, Μελετὼν,has, Ερευνας για prices την τιμητική potential relative potential relative speculation). πρόσκληση ως ομιλητούis σήμερα εδὼinστην αίθουσα του The term gentrification found at first the UK in early του 1960sΓραφείου and it refers to The term gentrification foundΑθήνα, atpeople first in UK in early and refersofto Ευρωπαικοὺ Κοινοβουλίου ναthe αναφερθώ σε 1960s αυτή τηνitareas κρίσιμη the then observed trend ofisστην wealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend people buy να property inκρισιμότερες poor areas ης Μαὶου London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thusοι old residents areof 2019. to Ίσως είναι εκλογική αναμέτρηση της of 26wealthy London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ευρωεκλογές των τελευταίων, πολλών ετών. Ο λαϊκισμός, η δημαγωγία, οι being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon included inκυβερνητικές the work of Sociologist Ruth εθνικισμοί, το μεταναστευτικό, οι isακροδεξιές συμμαχίες, η A description ofperiod, isΕπανάσταση, included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations recorded in other major Κλιματική Αλλαγή, ηthis 4η phenomenon Βιομηχανική η πληθυσμιακή γήρανση GLASS at the same period, similar situations were recorded in other major cities Western countries, bywhile otherάσκησης Researchers. και τοinδημογραφικό, η αδυναμία ουσιαστικής εξωτερικής πολιτικής cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. then, the issue has several scholars and for its more καιSince πολιτικής άμυνας, οι preoccupied ανατροπές εμπορικών και γεωστρατηγικών Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from ισορροπιών σε παγκόσμιο επίπεδο, αποτελούν μερικές μόνο από τις comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of theσήμερα phenomenon of gentrification, the following: προκλήσεις, που απειλούν με κατάρρευση όλο το ευρωπαϊκό interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups οικοδόμημα. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Το Α΄ εξάμηνο του 2014 είχα την τύχη να προεδρεύω των Συμβουλίων and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Υπουργών Περιβάλλοντος και Ενέργειας. Στο πλαίσιο της term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASSΕλληνικής wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Προεδρίας, από κοντά τις δύσκολες της πατρίδας μου, στη δίνη Berlin, whereέζησα she made her first studies.

In 1932στιγμές she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youthτιμωρητικής Unemployment.πολιτικής The same year sheεταίρων left Germany and after continuous for μιας των και δανειστών, αλλά και μιας lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, αυτοκαταστροφικής πολιτικής εσωτερικά από την in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In Αντιπολίτευση.

1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 1 Δρ. Μηχανικός, Καθηγητής Πανεπιστ. Πειραιώς, Καθηγητής Επισκ. Πανεπιστ.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

46

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Με την καθαρή ματιά του Ακαδημαϊκού Δασκάλου, αλλά και την αποφασιστικότητα ενός περήφανου Έλληνα και Ευρωπαίου Πατριώτη, σας καλώ όλους και ιδιαίτερα τους νέους ανθρώπους που παραβρίσκονται στη σημερινή μας εκδήλωση, να συμμετάσχουμε ενεργά και με πάθος σε αυτές τις ευρωπαϊκές εκλογές, στηρίζοντας οποιοδήποτε κόμμα επιθυμούμε, για να διαμορφώσουμε την Ευρώπη που θέλουμε. Την Ευρώπη της συμμετοχικής δημοκρατίας, των ισχυρών κοινωνικών δομών, της καταπολέμησης της

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ανεργίας, της πρωτοπορίας σε πρωτοβουλίες ειρήνης και προστασίας του Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, περιβάλλοντος.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Πριν αναφερθώ στο σημαντικό βιβλίο τουof the φίλου καιofσυντοπίτη Student School Architecture Θόδωρου Α. ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΥ, επιτρέψτε μου να αναφερθώ στον Άνθρωπο την Technical Universityκαι of Crete πολύπλευρη προσωπικότητά του, όπως την γνωρίζω βιωματικά από την 1. Introductory approach: theανήσυχο concept και δημιουργικό πνεύμα, μακροχρόνια φιλία μας. Ο Defining Θόδωρος, 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept μπόρεσε να έχει αυτή αξιοθαύμαστη και παραγωγική είχε ANTISTHENIS, theτην ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -πορεία, 370 BC,γιατί Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among otherτου wise heritage left us,και he ευρωπαϊκής established(444 a great πάντα μέσα την ιδέα τηςheεθνικής αυτοπεποίθησης, ότιthe αν among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he προβλήματα. established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. the συνεννοούμαστε μπορούμε ναhe λύσουμε τα acquisition of knowledge starts withτου thein definition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Η ελληνογερμανική παιδεία τον εξόπλισε ισόρροπα με ευελιξία και 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification πειθαρχία, αλλά και αυθορμητισμό και ορθολογισμό. Είναι ένας άνθρωπος 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various που ταυτόχρονα μπορεί να είναι και θερμόαιμος Έλληνας, αλλά και Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement αποτελεσματικός τεχνοκράτης. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of the operation of artμε galleries, restaurants, However “change”, regardless of Εκπλήσσει την θετική αύραetc. του, γιατί this συνομιλώντας μαζίartists, του the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the αναγνωρίζεις αμέσως ότι έχεις μπροστά σου έναν έμπειρο επιστήμονα κιof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Ευρωπαίο λειτουργό, που χειρίζεται τα θέματα που καταπιάνεται με potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK inκαι early 1960s and it refers to εκπληκτική σύγχρονη ακαδημαϊκή μεθοδολογία που δημιουργεί την The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor ανάγκη να τον έχεις ως βασικό σου σύμβουλο για σημαντικά ζητήματα του the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof αύριο, ώστε να αισθάνεσαι London, upgrade them, stayασφάλεια. themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Συζητώντας μαζί του θα διαπιστώσεις, ότι έχεις μπροστά σου ένα being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description ofμιλάει this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth κοσμοπολίτη που άπταιστα τρεις επί πλέον της μητρικής του γλώσσες A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major (αγγλικά, γαλλικά και γερμανικά), αλλά situations με υπέροχη ελληνικότατη αξάν, major που GLASS at the same period, while similar were recorded in other cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. σου δείχνει ότι την ίδια στιγμή ένας περήφανος Έλληνας, ένας cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied otherπαραμένει Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more κοσμοπολίτης Since then,τοπικιστής. the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from Με αυτά τα προσωπικά χαρακτηριστικά, με μακρά ακαδημαϊκή comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: εμπειρία στα οικονομικά, σε συνδυασμό με τη διαδρομή του από σημαντικές interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups θέσεις στις υπηρεσίες της Ευρωπαϊκής Επιτροπής, μπόρεσε να γίνει in άξιο και to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs money καινοτόμο Στέλεχος, σημείο ασφαλούς αναφοράς για πολλούς Έλληνες and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Ευρωβουλευτές καιdistributed άλλους κυβερνητικούς αξιωματούχους. Στέλεχος μεin 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born sense safety the residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 sheευρωπαϊκή published an important study entitled: σύνθετες γνώσεις και εμπειρίες στην ολοκλήρωση, την services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and after continuous Περιφερειακή Πολιτική, τις Μικρομεσαίες Επιχειρήσεις, το toσημαντικό θέμα lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where της συνέργειας των εθνικών βιομηχανιών μέσω των Υπεργολαβιών. Υπήρξε ο in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research.

Her public action and πατέρας, informal ο πρωτεργάτης καινοτόμος BC-Net (διεπιχειρησιακή long-term effort by organized groups,του manufacturers, brokers of buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. συνεργασία) καθώςetc.,και του Europartenariat, για την Ευρωπαϊκή and selling real estate, for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Ολοκλήρωση.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

48

Δημιούργησε πριν 25 χρόνια, το ειδικό σεμινάριο για τους Έλληνες Εκπαιδευτικούς στις χώρες Benelux, μια σπουδαία δράση που στήριξε με μοναδικό τρόπο τους Έλληνες Εκπαιδευτικούς στο δύσκολο περιβάλλον της ελληνο-ευρωπαϊκής παιδείας. Δεν σταματάει όμως εδώ. Ανήσυχος για την πορεία της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, προσπαθεί να ανιχνεύσει το νέο εσωτερικό περιβάλλον που δημιουργήθηκε με την εφαρμογή της συνθήκης της Λισσαβόνας που

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS συνέπεσε με την οικονομική κρίση της περιόδου 2008-2010 και την υστέρηση Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, των ευρωπαϊκών θεσμών στην αντιμετώπισή της. Την στιγμή ανησυχεί

By Mr. George-Sp. C.ίδια ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect για την πίεση που δέχεται η ευρωπαϊκή παραγωγή από την Κίνα και τις ΗΠΑ Student of the School of Architecture στο νέο εμπορικό περιβάλλον. Βλέπει το πακέτοTechnical Juncker University ως μια άμεση of Crete απάντηση για τις επενδύσεις, την έρευνα, την καινοτομία και την 1. Introductory the concept απασχόληση. Υπό approach: το πρίσμαDefining αυτό, ασχολείται με τα σοβαρά θέματα της ΕΕ , 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept όπως η ανταγωνιστικότητα τηςGreek οικονομίας, η ψηφιακή αγορά, ενεργειακή ANTISTHENIS, the ancient philosopher, (444 BC - 370 ηBC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other heritage heβιομηχανική left us, he established a great the ένωση και οιwise ΑΠΕ, η νέα επανάσταση και-“principle”: η βιομηχανική among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. πολιτική, ηofπολιτική μετανάστευσης, ηhe δημοκρατική συμμετοχή, βελτιώσεις acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term στην εφαρμογή και απόδοση Δικαιοσύνης.

1 (and urban Based, this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notΕπιτροπής, final, approach, the term gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification Όνταςtherefore, ακόμη on Στέλεχος της Ευρωπαϊκής βλέπει τις 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various διαλυτικές τάσεις που αναπτύσσονται από την κακή εφαρμογή νοοτροπιών Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, removal fromthere this, (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of Όργανα low-income and theγενικό placement of σε εθνικό επίπεδο αλλά και στα της ΕΕ the με μοτίβο “Εμείς και οι ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants,και etc. However this “change”, of Άλλοι”. Η ανησυχία του κορυφώνεται τα ερωτήματά του γιαregardless την πορεία the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the της ΕΕ εντείνονται με το BREXIT. Τα ερωτηματικά μεγαλώνουν όταν βλέπειof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative όπως ο ίδιος αναφέρει όταν βλέπει τον πρωτεργάτη του BREXIT, τον Boris potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early and it refers to JONSON να την “κοπανάει” κυριολεκτικά, όταν βλέπει τι 1960s θα επακολουθήσει, The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor αλλά και τον ρόλο των fake news στη διαμόρφωση του αποτελέσματος του the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof δημοψηφίσματος.

London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Όλες αυτές“squeezed”. ανησυχίες του αλλά και η in πεποίθησή του, ότι και τώρα being indirectly A description ofοιthis phenomenon is included the work of Sociologist Ruth μπορούμε να same έχουμε μιαphenomenon νέα την Ευρώπη και of τους λαούςmajor της, A description ofperiod, this isγια included inwere the recorded work Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the whileπορεία similar situations in other αντικατοπτρίζονται στον τίτλο “WITHOUT COMPASS? ΧΩΡΙΣ ΠΥΞΙΔΑ; 30+ GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Steps for Europethe -countries, 30+βήματα για την Ευρώπη” πουscholars δίνει στοand βιβλίο τουmore που cities in Western bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, issue has several for its ξεκίνησε το 2011. Στο πρώτο συνθετικό μεταφέρει την ανησυχία του Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various βλέποντας, ότιof ηtheΕΕ ταξιδεύει of χωρίς ελκυστικό και μπούσουλα interpretations phenomenon gentrification, theόραμα following: interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: (πυξίδα), ενώtheστο δεύτερο συνθετικό δεν παραιτείται και of προτείνει 30+ In a sense, phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new social groups βήματα για τη συνέχιση της πορείας, όπως την οραματίστηκαν οι Ιδρυτές της. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to αυτά, travel from the το purlieus to downtown, work is, lack ofτου the Όλα δηλαδή μακροχρόνιο έργο where του και τοplace συγγραφικό The termεμένα from Sociologist Ruthνα GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town for έργο,1.of οδηγεί αλλά και άλλους, πούμε, ότι οcentres, Θόδωρος ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΣ Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of theγια city”, (possibly) αφήνει σημαντικό θετικό αποτύπωμα ορατό και την Ευρώπηfor Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left και Germany andίχνος after continuous movements lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, studies research in Geneva, Prague, London and New Yorkτους she came back to London, where τους μας καιand για την χώρα του. Αυτό αποτελεί για φοιτητές του,etc. in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 she became teacher in the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and συναδέλφους και συνοδοιπόρους του, καθαρό κίνητρο για να συμβάλουν στο University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying να φτιάξουμε τη νέα Ευρώπη που όλοι οραματιζόμαστε, ασφαλέστερη για την her work are characterized by a passion for justice.

See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.γενιά Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: επόμενη και τους λαούς της.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Μάριος - Σπ. ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΣ

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 252149 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Το Κέντρο Επιμόρφωσης Μελετών Έρευνας και Ανάπτυξης, συσταθέν Definition, Types ofΔιοίκησής intervention, Concerns ofΜελών Gentrification εν έτει 1990, εν τη επιθυμία των της του, συγκειμένης εκ Καθηγητών Πανεπιστημίου και Ειδικών Επιστημόνων, να «διαχέεται», κατά Concerns το δυνατόν, σε ευρύτερους κύκλους η γνώση και να προβάλωνται διαπρεπείς ΣΗΜΕΙΩΜΑ ΤΟΥ ΕΚΔΟΤOY ΤΟΥ ΒΙΒΛΙΟΥ

50

Επιστήμονες, αποφάσισε την παρούσα έκδοση του ανά χείρας έργου του κ. Θεοδώρου Α. ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΥ.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate of Design, Τα Μέλη του Δ.Σ. Του Κέντρου έκριναν, ότι τοSchool εν λόγω έργον,Student, προϊόν

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect μακράς, συστηματικής, επίπονης έρευνας και λίαν ευδοκίμου επιστημονικής Student of the School of Architecture και επαγγελματικής δραστηριότητας, είναι ιδιαζόντως υψηλής ποιότητας και Technical University of Crete αναφέρεται σε εξόχως ενδιαφέροντα θέματα γενικής αποδοχής. Σημειώνεται,approach: ότι τα Defining Ευρωπαϊκά βήματα του κ. Θεοδώρου Α.

1. Introductory the concept ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΥ αρχίζουν από την εποχή των σπουδών του στην Ελλάδα και στην 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), Γερμανία, ενώ τα θέματα της κρατικής παρέμβασης στην οικονομία της ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the αγοράς, της μετανάστευσης καιleft της περιφερειακής ανάπτυξης αποτελούν among other wise heritage us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with the of the content concepts. the προτεραιότητές του. Είναι αυτονόητο, ότι σε αυτά τα θεματικά πεδία acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term κεντρικό ρόλο έχει η Ελληνική πραγματικότητα, αντικείμενο άλλως τε 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, theτων term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 αρμοδιοτήτων του στην Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση. gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Πέραν αυτών, ο κ. Θεόδωρος Α. ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΣ έχει Ακαδημαϊκή Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, συνεργασία στο Πανεπιστήμιο της etc. Βόννης θεμάτων Ευρωπαϊκής ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andεπί thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, However “change”,there regardless of Ολοκλήρωσης και Διαρθρωτικών Πολιτικών, η οποία του επιτρέπει ναof the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the προσκτάται νέεςspeculation). εμπειρίες καιhas, να results διαμορφώνει τηνofάποψη, ότι θέματα whatever other consequences also rising land prices (and the potential relative ευρωπαϊκού ενδιαφέροντος πρέπει να διδάσκωνται στις Σχολικές potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refersκαι to The term gentrification found atpeople firstπροβολής in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto Πανεπιστημιακές αίθουσες, επί σκοπώ του Αξιακού Συστήματος the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor theΕυρωπαϊκής then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas της Ένωσης.

London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and thus old are Το όλον έργο διακρίνεται για την sometimes πρωτότυπη «σύλληψη» τουresidents κεντρικού being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. πυρήνος, τον πλούτο των στοιχείων, το μεγάλο εύρος της θεματολογίας, την A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of ζητημάτων Sociologist Ruth συνθετική κριτική θεώρηση των similar επί μέρους πτυχών διαφόρων και GLASS at the same period, while recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major μάλιστα σε τέσσερις διαφορετικές γλώσσες. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Εν κατακλείδι, το εν λόγω έργον, εκτός της σημαντικής επιστημονικής Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from συμβολής του στην εν γένει έρευνα συγχρόνων θεμάτων πολλαπλού comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations phenomenon gentrification, the following:ένα πολύτιμο ενδιαφέροντος,of the συνιστά, πέραν ofτων άλλων, αφ'εαυτού interpretations of theεκείνους, phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, phenomenon is οι dueοποίοι togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups εργαλείο, γιαthe όλους αντιμετωπίζουν συναφή ζητήματα to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus several reasons: high costs in money εντός εθνικού, διεθνούς, ευρωπαϊκού καιfor παγκοσμίου περιβάλλοντος. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town search Καθηγητής Κων.centres, ΓΕ.Ruth ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health,Πρόεδρος education, entertainment “at the heart of ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, the city”,movements (possibly) Νομικής Σχολής Πανεπιστημίου Πάφος,for Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, Καθηγητής Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών, Ομότιμος Καθηγητής Πανεπιστημίου in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 she became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and Κοινωνικών και Πολιτικών Επιστημών, ΠΑΝΤΕΙΟΝ, Αθηνών, Επί τιμή University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Διαλέκτης Σχολής Εθνικής ΑμύνηςforΕλλάδος, Exalso: Ch.COLLINS L. U. L., Bruxelles, Ex Inter. her work are characterized by a passion justice. See ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially partEUROPEEN of the urban web,12 in 10th edit.

Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: I.I.A.P., Paris, Κάτοχος Τιμητικής Διακρίσεως LEofPRIX DES G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually ETOILES, HONORIS CAUSA

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Die EU heute und die GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types ofEuropawahl: Intervention, (EU today and the European Elections, H EE σήμερα οι Ευρωεκλογές) Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns ofκαιGentrification Concerns Ein Interview mit Dr Theodoros KALLIANOS 

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS

Professor Dr. Theodoros A. Kallianos, a staunch European with a long Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, professional experience in the EU By Commission in Brussels and at the time Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect lecturer of the university of Bonn on EU integration, leaves us in his recent book Student of the School of Architecture "Without compass? 30 +.... Steps for Europe" to immerse the University complexity and Technical of Crete fascination of the EU in view also with the EU elections 2019.

1. Introductory approach: Defining theeditorial conceptteam of the German-speaking In the following interview with the 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC General - 370 BC,for Athens), online magazine "Griechenland Aktuell" of concept the Secretariat Media ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, established a great the and Communication of the Ministry of he Digital Policy,(444 Telecommunications and amongDr.other wise heritage he leftthe us, he established a great the acquisition of knowledge startsus with definition of the content of“principle”: concepts.

Media Kallianos explains with examples the unique value of the EU, its acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term achievements and successes.

1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, notthe final, approach, term gentrification) indicated (in of Planning) (or gentrification He remains firmly convinced that is the EU's ifsystem ofarea values can the always 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various serve as a "compass" for the design of the European future. In addition, he Sociology as well), the of for a city area, removal from this, (indespite various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe thedeepening placement of artists, underlines that the as time is“refining” favourable a political ofthere the EU ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of some disagreements or national hesitations. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the Ο Καθηγητής Δρ. Θεόδωρος Καλλιάνος, πεπεισμένος Ευρωπαίος με μακρά whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relativeεμπειρία speculation). επαγγελματική στην Ευρωπαϊκή Επιτροπή στις Βρυξέλλες και επί του potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s it refers to παρόντος διδάσκων θέματα "Ευρωπαϊκής Ολοκλήρωσης" στο and Πανεπιστήμιο The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor της μας επιτρέπει με wealthy την έκδοση του to βιβλίου του "Without compass? theΒόννης, then observed trend of people buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof Χωρίς πυξίδα; 30 them, +.... Steps for Europe, 30+... Βήματα γιαthus τηνold Ευρώπη" London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes there and residentsνα are being indirectly “squeezed”. εισαχθούμε στην“squeezed”. πολυπλοκότητα και την γοητεία της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης being indirectly A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ενόψει και των Ευρωπαϊκών Εκλογών 2019.

A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Στην ακόλουθη συνέντευξη με την Συντακτική Ομάδα του Γερμανόφωνου GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Διαδικτυακού Μαγκαζίνου "Griechenland Aktuell" της Γενικής Γραμματείας cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Ενημέρωσης και Επικοινωνίας του Υπουργείου Ψηφιακής Πολιτικής, Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from various Τηλεπικοινωνιών και Ενημέρωσης ο Δρ. ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΣ μας εξηγεί με comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: παραδείγματα την μοναδική αξία της ΕΕ, τα επιτεύγματα και τις επιτυχίες της. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Professor Dr. Theodoros Kallianos, als Gast bei der Redaktion des and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the „Griechenland_Aktuells“, lässt uns in seinem Buch 1912-1940. “ Without Compass?

30+….

Steps termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Europe („Ohne Kompass ?

30+…

Schritte für Europa“, auf Deutsch), in die Realität, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) die Komplexität undeducation, die Faszination Ein überzeugter mitfor Youth Unemployment.

The same year der she EU left eintauchen.

Germany and after continuousEuropäer lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studiesErfahrung and research Geneva, Prague, London and New she came backBeispielen to London, langer in in der EU-Kommission erklärt uns York mit spezifischen den in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work  are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. DasWil. Interview führte Chrysoula ΑRCHONTAKI, „Griechenland and selling real estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of partAktuell“ of the urban web, in 10th edit.

COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. Londonvon 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Source: URL: http://graktuell.gr/index.php/dossier/interviews/1764-die-eu-heute-und-dieG. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually europawahl-ein-interview-mit-dr-theodoros-a-kallianos 22/5/2019

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

einmaligen Wert der EU und ihrer Leistungen und Erfolge, welche das Ergebnis eines langen Prozesses der Konvergenz und des Konsensus sind, egal ob sie heute selbstverständlich erscheinen. Dr. Kallianos, zur Zeit Lehrbeauftragter der Universität Bonn über EU-Integration, unterstreicht zudem die Bedeutung der Bildung der neuen Generation junger Europäer über die Arbeitsweise des europäischen Projekts, die in der Tat durch Komplexität gekennzeichnet ist, jedoch der erfolgreichste Klebstoff der Zusammenarbeit zwischen den verschiedenen Ländern, Völkern, Sprachen und Kulturen auf dem europäischen Kontinent ist. Dr. Kallianos bleibt fest davon

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS überzeugt, dass das Wertesystem der EU immer ein Kompass zur Gestaltung der Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Zukunft von EU sein kann. Darüber hinaus, unterstreicht er, dass die Zeit günstig für

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect eine politische Vertiefung der EU ist - trotzStudent Meinungsverschiedenheiten oder of the School of Architecture nationalen Zögerns.

Technical University of Crete

52

Hier das Gespräch/The ΣΥΝΕΝΤΕΥΞΗ 1. Introductory approach:Interview/Η Defining the concept 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept Die Neuauflage Ihres Buches unter dem Titel „Without Compass?

30+….

Steps ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), for Europe“ erschien kurz vor den Europawahlen 2019. Die zentrale Idee beruht auf ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the der Grundlage einer offenen demokratischen Gesellschaft und einer sozialen among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Marktwirtschaft für die EU, starts die gerade dafür entstanden ist,content um Frieden, Wohlstand acquisition of knowledge with the definition of the of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, theSie term und den Respekt der Menschenrechte im Europaraum zu garantieren. Κönnten für 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification uns die einzigartige Reise der Europäischen Union durch diese Perspektive kurz 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology well), as the “refining” of a city the removal this, (in various schildern? as Welche Meilensteine halten Sie, area, als Professor fürfrom EU-Integration und Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups,heutzutage usually of low-income and the placement there ehemaliger EU Beamter, für äußerst wichtig? ways), of social groups, usually andMagazin thethis placement there ofAktuell artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.Online However “change”, regardless of Zunächst möchte ich Sie of zu low-income Ihrem Griechenland the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, resultsan also risingBuch of land pricesIn (and theof beglückwünschen und mich für Ihr Interesse meinem bedanken. meiner whatever otherspeculation). consequences rising Weltkrieg of land prices (and the Betrachtungsweise weist der has, nachresults dem also zweiten eingeleitete potential relative potential relative speculation).

Integrationsprozess bzw. die Integrationsreise Europas fünf wichtige Meilensteine The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto auf: then the observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthyGründungsverträge people to there buy property in poor areas 1. Die im Jahre 1957 geschaffenen vonthus Romold über EURATOM London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and residents areof und die Europäische Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft (EWG); there and thus old residents are London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes being indirectly “squeezed”.

2.indirectly die Wiedervereinigung Deutschlands im Jahre 1989 undof damit das Ende der being “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work Sociologist Ruth Spaltung Europas; A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major 3. die des einheitlichen europäischen des Euro GLASS at Einführung the same period, situations Binnenmarktes were recorded bzw. in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. und die damit verbundene „friedliche Revolution“ durch die Abschaffung der internen cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, mit the dem issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Grenzkontrollen Vertrag von Maastricht im Jahre 1993; Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from 4. die große Erweiterung im Jahre 2004, die den Beitrittsweg für weitere (bis comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: heute insgesamtof 13) neue souveräne Staaten geöffnet hat, und interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a5.sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend ofVereinigten a new of social aus groups das einmalige offizielle Austrittsgesuch des Königreiches der to to BREXIT, the city, leaving for several reasons: costsfriedlichen in money EU,“return” das sog. was ja the diepurlieus Bedrohung des seit siebzighigh Jahren and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work placePopulismus is, lack of the europäischen Integrationsprozesses durch einen nationalistischen in 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, einem EU-Mitgliedsstaat offenbart hat. Ruth GLASS, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Sie waren Jahrzehnte in der Europäischen Kommission Sie haben sich lower living cost für of, in “withdrawal” from private access to markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she cametätig. back to London, auch lange mit der studies Regionalundthe Kohäsionspolitik EU Wie in According 1943 she published regarding city planning. In 1950 she teacher in the to another approach, phenomenon isder due tobecame abeschäftigt. systematic and University informal College of London, where sheund continued her social research.

Her public and funktioniert eigentlich die RegionalKohäsionspolitik als EU-Investitionspolitik long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her alle work are characterized by a passion for justice. also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. für Regionen deretc., EU? Wie tragen dieSee EU-Regionalprogramme dazu bei, and selling realCOLLINS estate, for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Ungleichheiten in der EU abzumildern?

Hat der Begriff „Kohäsion“ heute noch einen G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Sinn? Gibt es, Ihrer Meinung nach, eine immer größere Konvergenz zwischen den EURegionen oder eine zunehmende Ausweitung der Divergenz?

Die europäische Regionalpolitik wurde stufenweise gleichzeitig mit der ersten Erweiterung um Großbritannien, Dänemark und Irland eingeführt. Man glaubte damals, dass die stark durch Zuschüsse unterstützte Agrarpolitik die existierenden regionalen Disparitäten vor allem in den ländlichen Gebieten, abschaffen würde. Die nachfolgenden Erweiterungen durch den Beitritt Griechenlands, Portugals und Spaniens, sowie die regionalen Effekte Binnenmarktes haben die regionalen Bydes Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Disparitäten jedoch eher vergrößert als vermindert.

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, So können im Rahmen der heutigen Regionalund Kohäsionspolitik der EU nur

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect die „abgeschlagenen“ Regionen gefördert werden, um den Abstand zwischen den Student of the School of Architecture Regionen zu verringern. Schaut man auf der Landkarte, stellt man eher eine ZentrumTechnical University of Crete Peripherie Disparität. Die Förderung der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit von Unternehmen in wirtschaftsstarken verstärkt eher die vorhandenen Disparitäten. Die 1. IntroductoryRegionen approach: Defining thenoch concept 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept Förderung der nachhaltigen Entwicklung wird anhand spezifischen Kriterien und ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher,von (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), unterschiedlichen Zielen inancient allen Regionen angewandt. Um diese Ziele zu erreichen ANTISTHENIS, the Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the und die other unterschiedlichen Entwicklungsbedürfnisse in aallen EU-Regionen zu among wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established greatof “principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the berücksichtigen, wurden 351,8 Mrd. EUR – also fast ein Drittel des gesamten EUacquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, –therefore, on this “principle” a first, 2014-2020 if of not final, approach, the Haushalts für die Kohäsionspolitik im Zeitraum vorgesehen.

Hierterm die 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification verschiedenen Finanzierungsinstrumente : 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as the “refining” of a city area,zwei the removal from this, (in various Die as well), Regionalpolitik verfügt über Finanzierungsinstrumente: Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal fromthere this, (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of and theEntwicklung placement of den Europäischen Fonds fürlow-income regionale (EFRE) und ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the of art galleries, restaurants, However this “change”, regardless of denoperation Kohäsionsfonds (KF). Gemeinsam mitetc.dem Europäischen Sozialfonds (ESF), the Europäischen operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, However regardless whatever other has, results also risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof dem Landwirtschaftsfonds füretc. die Entwicklung des ländlichen Raums whatever other consequencesMeereshas, results rising of land prices (andsie the (ELER) und dem Europäischen und also Fischereifonds (EMFF) bilden potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). dieThe Europäischen Struktur- is und Investitionsfonds (ESI-Fonds).

Hier möchte ich die term gentrification found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to TheUnterstützung term gentrification found atpeople first in the UKdurch in earlyFinanzierungen 1960s and itareas refers starke dieser Kohäsionspolitiken von the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto the then observed trend of wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas Großinfrastrukturprojekten produktive Investitionen durch die Europäische London, upgrade them, stay und themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof Investitionsbank (EIB) in Luxembourg erwähnen.

Lassen Sie mich bitteold ergänzen, dass London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. die Verantwortlichkeit der Erfolgskontrolle, die Förderkriterien, sowie die being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Mittelvergabe Bekanntgabe von der recorded EU als auch vonmajor den A description ofderen this phenomenon issowohl included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the und same period, while similar situations in other Mitgliedstaaten getragen GLASS at thegemeinsam same period, while werden. similar situations were recorded in other major

cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issuenicht has several scholarsHerausforderungen and for its more Wir leben inthe Zeiten nur wirtschaftlicher und sozialer Since then, issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from sondern auch der approach Stärkung are der being politischen Extreme below, und der zunehmenden comprehensive summarized from the various interpretations ofGlaubwürdigkeit the phenomenon of EU gentrification, the der following: Verringerung der der und überhaupt Politik. In Ihrem Buch interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In aSie sense, theof phenomenon is due a trend of ader new ofPrioritäten social groups heben die Vertiefung des Dialogs undtodie Klärung europäischen als to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costsweiter in money wichtige Voraussetzungen hervor, um aktiv die europäische Vision zu and time to und travel from the purlieus to von downtown, work place lack das of the verteidigen letztendlich am Europa morgen where teilzunehmen.

Wie is, könnte in 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, der Tat funktionieren?

Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: In of derhealth, Tat haben die Krisen der letzten Jahren services education, entertainment “at the(Finanzheart ofbzw. the Wirtschaftskrise, city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Migration) „Besserwissern“ auf allen Ebenen der Politik, Wirtschaft und lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to Gesellschaft London, Anlass gegensätzlichen Fehlinterpretationen Realität gegeben.

Es in According 1943zu shevielen published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 she teacher in the to another approach, the isder due tobecame a systematic and University College of London, where she her social research. brokers Her public and versteht sich von selbst, dass solch einecontinued Realität für den Durchnittsbürger verwirrend long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying herSie work are characterized by aTaten passion forVerhaltensweisen, justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISHsind.

DICTIONARY. ist. verführt ihn leicht zufor und irrationell Es gibt and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., theCodepreciation initially ofdie part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: jedoch markierte Wege, die wir mit einem „Werte-Kompass“ weiter führen können.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

Das Wertesystem der EU, das als Präambel des Lissaboner Vertrages festgeschrieben 252153 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

wurde, sollte hierfür der wichtigste Kompass sein! Deswegen wurde er in den Epilog meines Buches wörtlich zitiert. Man kann diesen Text in 24 offiziellen Sprachen online finden, was ja eine Zugänglichkeit für mehr als 500 Millionen Bürger in 28 Mitgliedstaaten bedeutet.

Durch meinen Vorteil, mich in vier Sprachen ausdrücken zu können, habe ich mit Hunderten von Menschen und Vertretern aus verschiedenen Regionen der EU gerade über diesen Bündel an Werten diskutiert. Alle waren in der Akzeptanz dieser Grundprinzipien fast einig und meinten,By eine desC. Dialogs zwischen Bürger Mr.Vertiefung George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS aus unterschiedlichen Staaten, könnten exzellente Auswirkungen haben.

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Νach 40 Jahren der Mitgliedschaft Griechenlands Technical in der EU,University wie populär ist of Crete heute die EU und die "europäische Idee" in unserem Land? Wie stark ist das Gefühl des1.heutigen Griechen und der heutigen dass sie Europäer sind? Was meinen Introductory approach: DefiningGriechin, the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Sie ANTISTHENIS, dazu? the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Nach vielen Jahren in Europa erlauben Sie deutlich zu betonen: ANTISTHENIS, theErfahrung ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established amir great the Griechenland ist Europa und Europa ist Griechenland.

Die europäische Idee und among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Solidarität nach dem II Weltkrieg ist sehr im Lande zusammengewachsen trotz acquisition of knowledge starts with thestark of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, ifDie not final, approach, the term punktueller oder zeitbegrenzter Fehlentwicklungen. griechische Unabhängigkeit 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the term gentrification) area ofViele Planning) (or gentrification sowie die Rettung der Demokratie haben ihre Wurzeln inthe Europa.

Griechen 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various studieren, arbeiten und leben heutzutage in vielen Ländern der EU, vor allem in der Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usuallyFrankreich, of low-income and the placement there of artists, Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Großbritannien, sind erfolgreich und ways), ofintegriert. social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there offür artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,stellen regardless of durchaus Die existierenden interkulturellen Differenzen sie the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, landzum prices (and theof keine Hindernisse dar, sondern eineetc.also Herausforderung friedlichen whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the Zusammenleben. potential relative

54

potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The gentrification found atpeople first in the UK early 1960s andwegen itareas refers Dieterm EU wird heftig kritisiert wegen des Mangels anin Transparenz und der the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto the then observed trend of wealthy people to there buy indie poor areas Unfähigkeit, ihre eigenen greifbaren Errungenschaften undproperty Erfolge EU-Bürger London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thusan old residents areof zuLondon, vermitteln.

Wie erleben Sie diese Kritik? sometimes there and thus old residents are upgrade them, stay themselves being indirectly “squeezed”.

Die Erfolge der EU, wie Frieden, Demokratie, Mobilität Ruth und being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in theRechtssaat, work of Sociologist Freizügigkeit der EU-Arbeitnehmer und -Bürger gelten heute als A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Selbstverständlichkeiten und nicht als Resultat eines Integrationsprozesses, dermajor seit GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. mehr als Jahrencountries, auf Kooperation und Solidarität zwischen den beteiligten Staaten cities in 70 Western bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more basiert.

Es ist zwar richtig, dass die Entscheidungsverfahren der and EU-Institutionen Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from the komplex und daher nicht populär fürbeing die Medien sind. Nachbelow, einem EU-Gipfel brauchen comprehensive approach are summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon following: Sie nur die Massenmedien zu lesen. of Diegentrification, Berichte überthe Erfolge oder Misserfolge der interpretations of the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Verhandlungen sind oft verwirrend, zumal die Betrachtungsweise von „wir und den to “return”vorherrschend to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money anderen“ ist. Dies ist praktisch ein Geschenk für Populisten und and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where place is, lack of the „Meinungsmacher“ in allen europäischen Regionen mit work entsprechend negativen 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Auswirkungen.

Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Das in französischen, deutschen wo ich services oferlebe health,icheducation, entertainment “atund thegriechischen heart of the Regionen, city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for beispielsweise höre, dass die EU die dortige lokale Landwirtschaft vernichtet habe, lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where was ja, wie Sie sehr gutstudies wissen, gar nicht stimmt.

Dass In das1950 in According 1943 she published regarding city planning. sheto became teacherdank in the to another approach, the phenomenon isVereinigte due a Königreich systematic and University College of London, where she„Insel“ continued her social research.

Her public and seiner EU-Mitgliedschaft heute keine mehr ist, hören Sie fast nie.

Von Brüssel long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying herkönnen work areSie characterized by a passion for justice.

See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. aus Londonetc., jedoch überdepreciation den Landweg mit dem Eurostar-Zug in weniger and selling realCOLLINS estate, for the initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: als zwei Stunden erreichen.

Leider hat die EU diesbezüglich wenig G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

Handlungsspielraum. Sie ist einer pragmatischen Berichterstattung verpflichtet und 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Inwiefern werden die jungen Menschen von dieser Kritik gegenüber der EU heutzutage beeinflusst? Was meinen Sie dazu?

Concerns Die „jungen Menschen“ als homogene Gruppe gibt es leider nicht und wer das bedeutet, sie muss die Bürger über die hierfür relevanten Mechanismen, Informationsnetzwerke und Institutionen entsprechend informieren.

denkt, Jugendliche in Europa sind sich irgendwie ähnlich, der irrt. Es gibt verschiedene Milieus, Unterschieden zwischen Stadt und Land, zwischen Jugendlichen

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS aus kosmopolitischen und Harvard prekärenUniversity, Verhältnissen, es gibt konsum-orientierte und Graduate School of Design, Student, ökologisch-bewusste Jugendliche. UndBy esMr. gibtGeorge-Sp. nach wie vor keine „transnationale C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect europäische Identität“ sondern junge Franzosen, Italiener, Deutsche, Spanier, Student of the School of Architecture Griechen…und vor allen Dingen keine gemeinsameTechnical Sprache.University Unter of diesen Crete Voraussetzungen eine Begeisterung für etwas „Abstraktes“ zu schaffen, bleibt weiterhin ein schwieriges Unterfangen, dasthe nicht nur kognitiv gelöst werden kann.

1. Introductory approach: Defining concept 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept Laut der aktuellen Studie im Auftrag der TUI-Stiftung Europa – so ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444(Junges BC - 370 BC,2017 Athens), denken Menschen zwischen 16 und 26 Jahren) haben (444 allerdings alle BC, Jugendliche ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC 370 Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the etwas Gemeinsames: 53% der he jungen Europäer sind „ehera great zufrieden“ oder „sehr among other wise heritage leftthe us, he established acquisition of knowledge starts with definition of the content of“principle”: concepts. the zufrieden“ mit der Europäischen Union.

Argumente des Friedens, der acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content ofgemeinsamen concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, Währung, des 1freien Reisens überzeugen nicht mehr. Vieles ist (nicht nur)the fürterm die Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification jungen Menschen selbstverständlich geworden, „vielleicht zu selbstverständlich und 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of asich cityeben area,nicht“, the removal from this, (in various über Selbstverständlichkeiten freut man so die TUI-Studie.

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Kann man heute zum Trotz der vorhandenen Euroskepsis die Begeisterung der the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has, results rising of Idee, land prices (anddem theof 50er Jahreother für Europa reaktivieren und diealso großartige die hinter whatever other consequences has, resultsvermitteln? also rising of land prices (and the europäischen Projekt steckt, an junge Menschen potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). mangentrification kann es obwohl weder die in Bedingungen noch1960s die Strukturen und TheJa,term is found at first the UK in early and it refers to Theder term gentrification foundEsatpeople firstallerdings in the UKeine in early 1960s andmühselige itareas refersofto Anzahl Staaten ähnlich sind. ist langfristige, the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy people to there buy property invielen poor areas Angelegenheit, diethem, viele Gespräche mit vielen Verantwortlichen Ebenen London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes and thusauf old residents areof erfordert, aber das ist die stay einzige Möglichkeit, die unsthere bleibt.and Schnelle Lösungen gibt London, upgrade them, themselves sometimes thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. esbeing nicht.

Den Europa-Gedanken kann man nur stärken wenn man langfristig in indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth euregionale, und iseuropäische Bildungsprojekte investiert, A description ofperiod, thisnationale phenomenon included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at theregionale, same while similar situations recorded in other major angefangen von KITAs und Grundschulen.

GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Es ist ein ständiger Lernprozess, im Rahmen dessen den Schüler(-innen) die cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars andund for its more Möglichkeit gegeben werden soll, Europa emotional erfahren als Since then, the issue has preoccupied severalzu scholars andthe fornicht its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from various „bürokratisches Etwas“ in Brüssel, das mit ihrem Leben keine greifbaren comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the of gentrification, thebelow, following: Berührungspunkte hat.phenomenon Im Fokus sollen Bildungsprogramme stehen, die die jungen interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is due a trend of a new of social groups Menschen abholen, da wo sie sind undtodiese mitgestalten lassen. Das „ERASMUS“to “return”„teachers4Europe“, to the city, leaving „e-twinning“ the purlieus sind for several reasons: Programm, einige von ihnen.high costs in money and time travel from theman purlieus to downtown, work place lack of the Einto Beispiel, wie Europa emotionalwhere „erleben“ kannis,bieten die 1.of The termat comes Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

RuthDas GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Euregioprofilschulen infrom derSociologist Grenzregion der Euregio Maas-Rhein. ist ein wenig Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: bekanntes und doch sehr entertainment bemerkenswertes Programm einer europäischen services of health, education, “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Grenzregion.

Hier handelt sich um Grundschulen in der Grenzregion zwischen Belgien, lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, Deutschland und den studies Niederlanden, die euregionale Inhalte ina systematic den teacher Unterricht in According 1943 she published regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became in the to another approach, the is due and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and integrieren, mit gleichen dreisprachigen pädagogischen Materialien arbeiten und den long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by aNachbarregionen passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Schüleraustausch mit etc., den stärken.

Für Schulkinder and selling realCOLLINS estate, for theCodepreciation initially of partdie of the urban web,der in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Euregioprofilschulen ist die Euregio Maas-Rhein ihre Heimat, das erfahrbare, nahe G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Was könnte die Kritik gegenüber der EU und die Wahrnehmung der jüngeren Generationen über die EU für die bevorstehende Europawahl bedeuten? Was halten Concerns Sie von den Prognosen, die behaupten, die Europawahlen in einigen Mitgliedsstaaten liegende Europa der Nachbarschaft. Es wäre nicht übertrieben, wenn man sagen würde: Europäische Integration findet hier ganz konkret und greifbar nah statt.

von nationalen Akzenten beeinflusst werden? Stimmt das, überhaupt, Ihrer Meinung nach?

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Laut glaubwürdigenHarvard Prognosen sind inGraduate einigen School Mitgliedstaaten die University, of Design,leider Student, Europawahlen von starken nationalen By Akzenten von den politischen Parteien schon Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect stark beeinflusst. Das ist das Ergebnis einer permanenten der Student of theFehlinterpretation School of Architecture Repräsentation der Bürger im europäischen Parlament. Auch die politischen Debatten Technical University of Crete beinhalten mehr nationale Themen statt europäische, sodass das Interesse der Wähler zur1.Beteiligung an den bevorstehenden in manchen Mitgliedstaaten gering Introductory approach: Defining Wahlen the concept 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept bleiben wird.

Das Beispiel von der Slowakei, ein Land das eineBC starke Hilfe ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 - 370finanzielle BC, Athens), seit seinem Beitritt im 2004 erhalten hat, istphilosopher, – und das hoffe ich stark - BC, einmalig: Es ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek (444 BC 370 Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the zeigte eine 13% (!)

Beteiligung an den EU Wahlen von 2014 im Vergleich zum 43,06% among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the des EU-Durchschnitts.

Im Vereinigten ist das Klima heute-ofbedingt durch acquisition of knowledge starts withKönigreich theindefinition of the content concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term die BREXIT-Debattestark polarisiert und wenig auf die EU-Zukunft orientiert.

PM 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification May war bei der EU-Ratssitzung am 09.05.2019 in Sibiu nicht anwesend.

Obwohl 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various mehr als 200 Parteien diesmal kandidieren, erkennt die Mehrheit der europäischen Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, (inartists, various ways), ofnicht social usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement of Wähler zugroups, welchen der 7-8 Parteiformationen des nächsten europäischen ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of artParteien galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, of Parlaments diese angehören werden und welche Interessenregardless sie folglich the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof vertreten werden. whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising ofSYRIZA land prices (and the Zumrelative Beispiel, ein Kandidat der Parteien Nea Dimokratia, oder KINAL in potential potential relative speculation).

Griechenland oder der Parteien CDU, CSU,inSPD und in Die Grünen Deutschland, The term gentrification is found at first the UK early 1960sinand it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers repräsentiert für den Wähler meistens nur indas, was der letzte Rahmen der the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property inimpoor ofto the then observed trend wealthyNicht people to there buy property in poor areas nationalen politischen Debatte versteht. jedoch welche imof London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes andseine thus Zielsetzungen old residents are europäischen Parlament sein werden. sometimes Das europäische Parlament arbeitet London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. beispielsweise nach dem Prinzip der Kooperation und des Konsens, da es im being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Gegensatz nationalen Parlamenten nicht alleiniger ist. Es major muss A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the Gesetzgeber work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS atzu theden same while similar recorded in other seine Gesetzesvorstellungen gegenüber dem situations Europäischen Rat und derin Kommission, GLASS at the same period, while similar were recorded other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. im Rahmen eines „Trilogs“, durchsetzen.

Die Euroskepsis wird also leider nicht und cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more unmittelbar zu bekämpfen sein.

Trotzdem bleibe ich optimistisch, was for die its positive Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Auswirkung des Lernbzw. Wahrnehmungsprozesses betrifft, insbesondere auch comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, theSchulbildung following: geschuldet ist, hinsichtlich der Offenheit der neuen Generation, die derer interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups wie auch in meinem Buch erwähne. Ich bleibe noch optimistisch, da sich die to “return” to the city, leaving purlieus for several reasons: costs in money wirtschaftliche Situation in der the EU insgesamt verbessert hat und high die Maßnahmen, die and to travel from the purlieus downtown, work place is,Bereich lack of der the nachtime der Krise getroffen wurden, sich to langsam positivwhere auswirken. (z.B. im 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, Stabilisierung der Eurozone und der Migration).

56

Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Abgesehen von der bevorstehenden Europawahl, geht dieto Debatte über die lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came back to London, Zukunft der published EU, natürlich mit vielen Argumenten und manchmal sogar in mit in According 1943 she studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 she teacher the to another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and University informal College of London, where continued her social research.

Her public action and Auseinandersetzungen, weiter.

Wieshe günstig ist unsere Zeit, Ihrer brokers Meinung nach, für long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying her work are characterized by a EU? passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. eine politische Vertiefung der and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Der globale Wirtschaftstrend zeigt, dass die internationale Konkurrenz, G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

insbesondere China und die USA, versuchen, die Wirtschafskraft der EU zu

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various übertreffen. In diesem Fall werden die heutigen Realitäten der EU, nämlich eine Sociology as well), as the “refining” of Währung, a city area, the fromthere this, (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and theremoval placement of exportorientierte starke Wirtschaft und sowie ein gerechtes Wertesystem ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation art galleries, etc. However this “change”, regardless of infrage gestellt.ofDaher brauchtrestaurants, man auf EU-Ebene bessere, schnellere und effektivere the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other So consequences has, results rising of land prices (and theof Entscheidungen. hat der Europäische Rat inalso Sibiu am 09.05.2019 u.a. folgendes whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (andund the erklärt: „Wir werden für die nächsten Generationen von Europäerinnen potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation).

Europäern diegentrification Zukunft sichern.

Wir werden investieren eine The term is found at first in in jungen the UKMenschen in early 1960s and it und refers to The term gentrification found firstdrängendsten in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers zukunftsfeste Uniontrend aufbauen, die atdie Herausforderungen des the then observed ofiswealthy people to buy property in poor ofto theJahrhunderts then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas 21. bewältigen London, upgrade them, staykann.” themselves and thus old residents areof Nachupgrade meinem Verständnis bedeutetsometimes das, dassthere die Zeit günstig für eine London, them, stay themselves and thus old ist residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. politische Vertiefung der EU trotz Meinungsverschiedenheiten oder nationalen being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Zögerns.

Dafür haben wir in der Vergangenheit teuerin bezahlt.

Einof typisches A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included the recorded work Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar were in otherBeispiel major hierfür istatdie Dauer von 2 Jahren für die Ratifizierung desrecorded Lissabonner Vertrages GLASS the same period, while similar situations were in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Ende 2009, obwohl die WirtschaftsFinanzkrise bekanntermaßen ante portas cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied otherund Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more war...Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various In der Tat gabapproach dieser Vertrag, am 1.

Dezember 2009 in Kraft getreten ist, die comprehensive are der being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: relevanten Antworten auf die damaligen Bedürfnisse nach mehr Demokratie, interpretations the phenomenon the following: In a sense,und theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new social groups Transparenz Abbau der Disparitäten.

Gleichzeitig hatcategory er zum of ersten Mal eine to “return”Zuordnung to the city, der leaving the purlieus „Wer for several costs unter in money eindeutige Zuständigkeiten machtreasons: Was undhigh Warum“ den and time to travel to downtown, work place is, lackaus of der the Mitgliedstaaten undfrom der the EU- purlieus Institutionen eingeführt.where Der freiwillige Austritt 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for was born sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Union sowie die Verstärkung des GLASS, Europäischen Parlaments bei better derin Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Entscheidungsfindung in Zusammenarbeit mit Rat waren neuen services of health, education, entertainment “atdem the heart of theeinige city”, der (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Elemente dieses Reformvertrages. lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where Ichshe binpublished der festen Überzeugung, dass dieser rechtliche Rahmen besser denn je in According 1943 studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research.

Her public and die Interessen sowohl der by Mitgliedstaaten als auch der EU zusammenwachen lässt long-term informal effort organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work characterized by aerleichtert, passion for justice. also: COLLINS Grundlage ENGLISH DICTIONARY. und die are Prioritätsetzung die See eine wichtige für and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web,die in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Programmierung unserer gemeinsamen Zukunft ist.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

58

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 252159 11

E¶.A¶.

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TO¶.AYT. AYT.¶EP. ¶EP.AN. AN./ R.DEC. / R.DEC.ADM. ADM.LOC. LOC.DEV. DEV.REG. REG./ R. / R.DEC. DEC.LOC. LOC.GOV. GOV.REG. REG.DEV. DEV. E¶.

GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

60

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 252161 11

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ΗGENTRIFICATION Ελλάδα και η Μεγάλη Ιδέα1 Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Του κ. Αντ. ΚΛΑΨΗ Concerns Επίκ. Καθηγ., Πανεπ. ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος

Η Μικρασιατική Καταστροφή σηματοδότησε το οριστικό τέλος

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS University,ως Graduate School of Design, Student, της Μεγάλης Ιδέας. Ο Harvard αλυτρωτισμός, κινητήρια δύναμη πίσω από By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect τις περισσότερες επιλογές του ελληνικού κράτους σχεδόν αμέσως μετά Student of the School of Architecture από την ίδρυσή του, είχε πάψει πλέον να υφίσταται. Ήταν μία Technical University of Crete πραγματικότητα, την οποία –λιγότερο ή περισσότερο πρόθυμα– 1. Introductory approach: Defining theελληνικής concept πολιτικής ηγεσίας και αποδέχθηκε σχεδόν το σύνολο της 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept κοινής κατ’ επέκταση το μέγιστο μέρος τηςphilosopher, ελληνικής μετά από ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek (444 BCγνώμης - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the την υπογραφή της Συνθήκης Ειρήνης της Λωζάννης. Έκτοτε, μοναδική among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts.

–αλλά, μοιραία, αποτυχημένη– προσπάθεια νεκρανάστασης του acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term μεγαλοϊδεατισμού αναλήφθηκε κατά την περίοδο της δικτατορίας του 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area Planning) (or gentrification Θεόδωρου Πάγκαλου (Ιούνιος 1925-Αύγουστος 1926). Ηofof προσαρμογή 1 (and urban gentrification gentrification) indicated (in thefrom area Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal this, (in various στα νέα δεδομένα σηματοδότησε τη συνολική μεταστροφή των Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, διπλωματικών επιδιώξεων της Ελλάδας: από χώρα αναθεωρητική του ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless εδαφικού καθεστώτος, η οποία επιδίωκε την επέκταση των συνόρων whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences results also rising με of land prices (andτη the της, μετατράπηκε σε δύναμηhas, αντιαναθεωρητική, βασικό στόχο potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first the UK in early and it refers to διατήρηση των κεκτημένων της. Οι in διεκδικήσεις για1960s τα Δωδεκάνησα, The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in τη Βόρεια Ήπειρο και την Κύπρο, που –επίσημα ή poor ανεπίσημα– the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof προβλήθηκαν μετά το τέλος του Β’ Παγκοσμίου Πολέμου, αποτελούσαν London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. οριακές εξαιρέσεις στον κανόνα, οι οποίες μάλιστα ήταν άμεσα being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth συναρτημένες με την τηςisαρχής τηςinwere αυτοδιάθεσης των λαών.

A description ofperiod, thisεφαρμογή phenomenon included the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major τη μαζική πληθυσμών που ακολούθησε τη cities inΜε Western countries,μετακίνηση by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars its more Μικρασιατική Καταστροφή, για πρώτη φορά από and τηνforελληνική Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various ανεξαρτησία το έθνος είχε ταυτιστεί σχεδόν απόλυτα με το κράτος. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of theμετά phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Εννέα δεκαετίες από την οριστικοποίηση των πρώτων της interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups συνόρων, η Ελλάδα είχε κατορθώσει να τριπλασιάσει την έκτασή της to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money μέσα από διαδοχικές εδαφικές επεκτάσεις. Από τα στενά όρια της and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the γραμμής Αμβρακικού-Παγασητικού του 1831, 1923 είχε for φτάσει 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS was born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside townτο centres, better Berlin,Έβρο, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an από important study entitled: στον ενώ ταυτόχρονα έλεγχε τα περισσότερα τα νησιά που services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for πλαισιώνουν δύση, νότο και ανατολή την απόληξη της Βαλκανικής lower living costαπό of, in “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying 1 her work characterized by a passion for justice.από See το also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Τοare παρόν άρθροetc., αποτελεί απόσπασμα βιβλίο του συγγραφέα, Πολιτική and selling realCOLLINS estate, for theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: και διπλωματία της ελληνικής εθνικής ολοκλήρωσης, 1821-1923, Εκδόσεις Πεδίο, Αθήνα G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Χερσονήσου. Η συντριπτική πλειοψηφία των Ελλήνων ζούσε πλέον μέσα στα όρια του ελληνικού κράτους. Ο αλύτρωτος ελληνισμός εκτός των ελλαδικών συνόρων ήταν πια ισχνή μειοψηφία σε σχέση με τον αριθμό των κατοίκων του εθνικού κέντρου. Με αυτά τα δεδομένα, η εσωτερική ανασυγκρότηση θα έπαιρνε το προβάδισμα σε σχέση με την εδαφική αποκατάσταση, η οποία είχε έτσι κι αλλιώς σε πολύ μεγάλο

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS βαθμό ολοκληρωθεί είτε θετικά, είτε αρνητικά.

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Αν, όμως, μετά το 1922 η εγκατάλειψη του αναθεωρητισμού από

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect την πλευρά της Ελλάδας ήταν λίγο-πολύ αναγκαστική της Student of the School ofλόγω Architecture στρατιωτικής συντριβής και της απώλειαςTechnical των εδαφικών της University of Crete ερεισμάτων στη Μικρά Ασία και στην Ανατολική Θράκη, ο 1. Introductory approach: ου Defining the concept και τωνtheαρχών του 20ου αιώνα ήταν μία μεγαλοϊδεατισμός του 19 Defining 1.

Introductory approach: concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 το BC ελληνικό - 370 BC, Athens), παράδοξη επιλογή; the Μεancient άλλα λόγια, θα μπορούσε ANTISTHENIS, Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC,κράτος Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the στις πρώτες εννέα δεκαετίες μετά από την ίδρυσή του να μην είναι among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the αλυτρωτικό; Να onμην εμπνέεται τοof ιδανικό της εθνικής acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, this “principle” aαπό first, if not final, approach, the term 1 ολοκλήρωσης; Να μην εμφορείται κάποια «Μεγάλη Ιδέα»; Η Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inαπό a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) indicated area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification απάντηση είναι αρνητική: τα of πράγματα θα μπορούσαν ναvarious είναι Sociology as well), as the “refining” a city area, δεν the removal from this, (in Sociology as well), as the “refining” ofπερίπτωση a city area, removal this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe the placement there πολύ διαφορετικά. Η ελληνική δεν ήτανfrom μοναδική, ούτε ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation ofεξαίρεση. art galleries, restaurants, However this “change”, of αποτελούσε Δεν ήταν έναetc.μεμονωμένο ιστορικό regardless επεισόδιο, the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this “change”, regardless whatever other has, results rising of land prices (and the ασύνδετο περιστατικό σε σχέση με τις εξελίξεις της ίδιας περιόδου σεof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative ευρωπαϊκή κλίμακα. Η ελληνική Μεγάλη Ιδέα ήταν παιδί του potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to εθνικισμού και του ρομαντισμού τότε στην The term gentrification found atπου firstκυριαρχούσαν in the UK in early 1960s andΕυρώπη. itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy people to buy property in poor Η ώσμωση των δύο αναπόφευκτα παρήγαγε «Μεγάλες Ιδέες». the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof Αντίστοιχα αιτήματα διατυπώνονταν το ίδιοthere διάστημα από τους London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thusκαι old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. άλλους βαλκανικούς λαούς, αλλά και από εκείνους της υπόλοιπης A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth Ευρώπης. Τοsame παράδοξο, επομένως, θα ήταν εάνrecorded η Ελλάδα δενmajor είχε GLASS at the while similar in other GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Westernπορεία countries, by otherμε Researchers. ακολουθήσει ανάλογη εκείνη που ακολούθησε, διότι έτσι θα cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more είχε αρνηθεί το χωροχρονικό της περιβάλλον.

Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from Η Μεγάλη Ιδέα υπήρξε προϊόν της εποχής της. Εκτός από comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: κινητήριος ελληνικής πολιτικής, interpretations the της phenomenon the following: In a sense, μοχλός theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, aεξωτερικής trend of a new category ofλειτούργησε social groups επιπλέον συγκολλητικά στη διαμόρφωση μιας ευρύτερης εθνικής to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money συνείδησης, ακόμα πέραν των ορίων του ελληνικού κράτους. and time to travel fromκαι the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack ofΓια the 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruthελληνικού GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruthτέθηκαν GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes theοι distributed residencies outside town centres, search δεκαετίες, όλες δυνάμεις του κράτους στην Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) υπηρεσία της εθνικής ολοκλήρωσης. Για σχεδόν έναν αιώνα ταfor Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and ελληνικά research in Geneva, Prague, London and Newως Yorkπροσωρινά. she came back to εκάστοτε σύνορα εκλαμβάνονταν ΜεLondon, αυτά τα in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another the is due a systematic and δεδομένα, ακόμα κι ανapproach, ηwhere Συνθήκη των Σεβρών είχε εφαρμοσθεί, κατά University informal College of London, she continued her social research.

Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by aσυλλογικό passion for justice.

See also: COLLINSυποσυνείδητο ENGLISH DICTIONARY. πάσα πιθανότητα στο μεγαλοϊδεατικό and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web,θα in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: αντιμετωπιζόταν και αυτή ως προσωρινή. Περιοχές με πυκνούς G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

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ελληνικούς πληθυσμούς, όπως η Βόρεια Ήπειρος, η Ρόδος, η Κύπρος, τμήμα της Ιωνίας και ο Πόντος θα παρέμεναν εκτός των ορίων της ελληνικής επικράτειας. Πάνω απ’ όλα, το ίδιο θα ίσχυε για την Κωνσταντινούπολη, η συμβολική σημασία της οποίας ως «φυσικής πρωτεύουσας» του ελληνισμού ήταν ακαταμάχητη για τους οπαδούς της Μεγάλης Ιδέας – δηλαδή πρακτικά για σχεδόν όλους τους Έλληνες.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Η εγγενής αδυναμία του ελληνικού αλυτρωτισμού ήταν ότι τα Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, διαθέσιμα μέσα δεν αρκούσαν για να καλύψουν τους υπερφιλόδοξους

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect και συχνά ανεδαφικούς του στόχους. ΗStudent συνειδητοποίηση της of the School ofαυτής Architecture πραγματικότητας υπήρξε η αιτία πίσω απόTechnical την απόφαση των University of Crete πολιτικών ηγεσιών του ελληνικού κράτους να αποφύγουν συνειδητά, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept την ευθεία πολεμική αναμέτρηση με την μέχρι το τέλος τουapproach: 19ου αιώνα, 1.

Introductory the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BCήταν - 370συντριπτικό BC, Athens), Οθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία: το ανισοζύγιο της ισχύος ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the σε βάροςother της Ελλάδας, κάτι with που διαπιστώθηκε με τρόπο επώδυνο στην among wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof “principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe of the content concepts. the πρώτη ευκαιρία, το Έτσι, η δράση ατάκτων, οιapproach, οποίοι συνήθως acquisition of knowledge starts with the the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on1897. this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, the term 1 στρατολογούνταν από τις“principle” τάξεις των ληστών τηςthe υπαίθρου, με the σκοπό Based, therefore, on this inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, term (and urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification την υποκίνηση στις περίπτωση διεκδικούμενες Sociology as well), asεξεγέρσεων the “refining” of a cityκατά area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, removal from this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually low-income andthe the placement there περιοχές, θα αποτελούσε γιαofμεγάλο χρονικό διάστημα χαρακτηριστικό ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operationτης of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of γνώρισμα ελληνικής αλυτρωτικής πολιτικής. Ο ερμαφροδιτισμός the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the της επίσημης κρατικής ουδετερότητας και της ταυτόχρονηςof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative ανεπίσημης έμμεσης εμπλοκής σε εχθροπραξίες υπήρξε συστατικό potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to στοιχείο αυτής της πολιτικής. Συμπληρωματικά, αλλάandσυνήθως The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor itareas καταστροφικά, λειτουργούσαν οι πρωτοβουλίες –κατά τεκμήριο the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof ανεξέλεγκτες– μυστικών εταιρειών.

London, upgrade them, stayυπερπατριωτικών themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of thisλόγος phenomenon is includedτην in theαποχή work ofαπό Sociologist Ruth Ο δεύτερος που επέβαλε πολεμικές A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar were major ήταν inοιother διεθνείς περιπέτειες κατά τη διάρκεια του 19ου inαιώνα GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western byγεωγραφικών other Researchers. περιορισμοί. Η countries, επίδραση παραμέτρων ήταν καθοριστική. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Λόγω τηςthen, θέσης και τουhas σχήματός της, several η Ελλάδα βρισκόταν Since the issue scholars andthe forμονίμως its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from various εκτεθειμένη στις πιέσεις της μείζονας Δύναμης που έλεγχε ναυτικά την comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: ανατολική η οποία στην προκειμένη περίπτωση ήταν η interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense,Μεσόγειο, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Μεγάλη Βρετανία. Η συγκέντρωση μέγιστου μέρους του πληθυσμιακού to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money και time παραγωγικού δυναμικού τηςtoχώρας σε παραθαλάσσιες σε and to travel from the purlieus downtown, where work placeπεριοχές, is, lack of the 1.of The termμε from Sociologist Ruth 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for was born sense safety atcomes the residencies outside townσυγκοινωνίες centres, συνδυασμό τηνdistributed εξάρτηση από τιςGLASS, θαλάσσιες γιαbetter τηνin Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart ofεπιβολή the city”,movements (possibly)for εισαγωγή και την εξαγωγή αγαθών, σήμαιναν ναυτικού Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and ότι afterηcontinuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, and New πλήρως York she came to London, where αποκλεισμού απειλούσε να London παραλύσει τηbackχώρα. Κατά in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and συνέπεια, η πολιτική της sheΑθήνας ήταν πρακτικά να University informal College of London, where continued her social research. brokers Herαδύνατο public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice.

See also:επανάληψη COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. εναντιωθεί σεestate, εκείνη του Λονδίνου, όπως κατ’ αποδείχθηκε and selling real for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS etc., SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: από τον Κριμαϊκό μέχρι τον Α’ Παγκόσμιο Πόλεμο. Για όσο διάστημα οι G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Βρετανοί εξακολουθούσαν να υποστηρίζουν την ακεραιότητα της Οθωμανικής Αυτοκρατορίας ως ανάχωμα στην κάθοδο της Ρωσίας προς νότο (καθώς μια τέτοια εξέλιξη θα απειλούσε τα ζωτικά βρετανικά συμφέρονταν στην ευρύτερη περιοχή), οι ελληνικές επιδιώξεις δεν συγκέντρωναν σχεδόν καμία πιθανότητα επιτυχίας. Το αντίδοτο στην αδυναμία της Ελλάδας να επιβάλει μονομερώς Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS τη θέλησή της δεν ήταν άλλο By από την αναζήτηση ερεισμάτων σε Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, περιφερειακή και ευρύτερη διεθνή κλίμακα. Μόνο μέσα από τη

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect σύμπλευση των ελληνικών συμφερόντωνStudent με εκείνα γειτονικών κρατών of the School of Architecture ή Μεγάλων Δυνάμεων ήταν δυνατό να ευοδωθούν έστω University ορισμένεςofαπό Technical Crete τις αλυτρωτικές της επιδιώξεις. Η ένταξη σε συνασπισμούς ήταν 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept μονόδρομος. Όσεςapproach: φορές Defining ακολουθήθηκε, η ελληνική πλευρά βγήκε 1. Introductory the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), πολλαπλά ωφελημένη: αυτό συνέβη στους δύο Βαλκανικούς Πολέμους ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the και στον Α΄ Παγκόσμιο Πόλεμο. Αντίθετα, όταν η χώρα απομονωνόταν, among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the τα αποτελέσματα ολέθρια, είτε επρόκειτο για τον Κριμαϊκό acquisition of knowledge starts with thein definition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, onήταν this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 Πόλεμο, για urban τον ελληνοτουρκικό του 1897, είτε για τη Based,είτε therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated aπόλεμο first, if (in not final, approach, the term (and gentrification) the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Μικρασιατική Εκστρατεία. Αυτή αυτονόητη αλήθεια επιβεβαιώθηκε Sociology as well), as the “refining” of aηcity area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the fromthere this,το (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually andΠόλεμο, theremoval placement of και αργότερα: θετικά στονofΒ΄low-income Παγκόσμιο αρνητικά 1974 ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of στην Κύπρο.of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof Αν other κάτι consequences περισσότερο has, απόresults οτιδήποτε άλλοofδιαστρέβλωνε την whatever also rising land prices (and the potential relative speculation). αντίληψη της κοινής γνώμης, αλλά ενίοτε και των πολιτικών ηγεσιών, potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to σχετικά με gentrification την πορεία ήταν ηto The term foundέπρεπε atpeople first inνα the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersof the then observed trend ofisπου wealthy to ακολουθηθεί, buy property inαυτό poor the then observed wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas παρόρμηση καιthem, ηtrend αδυναμία ρεαλιστικής στάθμισης εκάστοτε London, upgrade stay of themselves sometimes and thusτων old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and old residents are δεδομένων. Επιβαρυντικό στοιχείοsometimes συνιστούσε η thus παραμορφωτική being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly A description of this phenomenon included in the work of Sociologist παρεμβολή της“squeezed”. απόδοσης της isσυμπεριφοράς τρίτων χωρών, Ruth και A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same whileΔυνάμεων, similar in other major ιδιαίτερα των Μεγάλων σε δήθεν «φιλελληνικά» ή GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. «ανθελληνικά» κίνητρα.by other ΑυτήResearchers. η προσέγγιση παραγνώριζε τον cities in Western countries, Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more θεμελιώδη κανόνα ότι ηhas εξωτερική πολιτική κρατών στηρίζεται Since then, the issue severalτων scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from κατά κύριο λόγο στην προσπάθεια εξυπηρέτησης των συμφερόντων comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: τους. ικανότητα Αθήνας ναof δικές της of επιδιώξεις με interpretations theτης phenomenon gentrification, the following: In aΗsense, theof phenomenon is due toσυντονίζει a trend of aτις new category social groups εκείνες άλλων κυβερνήσεων ήταν που καθιστούσε εφικτή την επίτευξη to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money τωνtime ελληνικών στόχων. Ακόμα και σε where περιπτώσεις οποίες and to travel from the purlieus to downtown, work placeστις is, lack of the 1.of The term from Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS for wasbetter bornηin sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search ιδεολογικοί ήatcomes ακόμα καιSociologist συναισθηματικοί παράγοντες παρεισέφρεαν, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services ofαπόφαση health, education, entertainment “at the heart ofμεtheτην city”,movements (possibly)for τελική λαμβανόταν σεGermany συνδυασμό επιδίωξη Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left and after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research London and εθνικών New York she συμφερόντων came back to London, where προώθησης τωνin Geneva, κατά Prague, περίπτωση των in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and εμπλεκόμενων όπως τα αντιλαμβάνονταν οι public επικεφαλής University informal College κυβερνήσεων of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. τους. and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia:

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student ofθεώρηση the Schoolήταν of Architecture Στον αντίποδα, μια εξίσου διαστρεβλωτική εκείνη Technical University of Crete απέδιδε στις Μεγάλες Δυνάμεις την αποκλειστική «ευθύνη» για

66

που όλα1. Introductory τα μείζοναapproach: τεκταινόμενα στοconcept εσωτερικό της Ελλάδας. Η Defining the παρέμβαση τους, βέβαια, ήταν πράγματι σημαντική. Όμως δεν 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), συνέβαινε κενώ», αλλά μέσα στο πλαίσιο ελληνικών ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCτων -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other «εν wise heritage he left us, he established a great the among other wiseεπηρέαζε, heritage leftthe us, heεπηρεαζόταν established a –τόσο greatof“principle”: the ισορροπιών: τις αλλά και ως προς τη acquisition of knowledge startshe with definition of the content concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with theως the content of concepts. μορφή και το περιεχόμενο, όσο και αποτέλεσμα– απόthe αυτές.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition aπρος first, το if of not final, approach, term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, not final, approach, the term gentrification) is the area ofοι Planning) (or gentrification Ανεξάρτητα, εξάλλου, από τη στάση πουif (in τηρούσαν Μεγάλες 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Δυνάμεις, οι αντιπαλότητες των ελληνικών πολιτικών ηγεσιών Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, of low-income theremoval placement προσδιορίζονταν απόusually τη σύγκρουση των and ενδοελληνικών συμφερόντων, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of τα οποία αυτές οι ηγεσίες εξέφραζαν και υπηρετούσαν. Για τις the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof εμφύλιες συγκρούσεις, τους διχασμούς έφταιγαν ούτε η(and κακή whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, resultsκ.λπ. also δεν rising of land prices the potential relative μοίρα, ούτε η «κατάρα της από αρχαιοτάτων χρόνων ροπής των potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first inούτε the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers Ελλήνων προς τον αλληλοσπαραγμό», μόνο η παρεμβολή ξένων the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto the then observed trend of wealthy people toτα buy property in poor areas κέντρων (αν και αυτά συχνά υποδαύλιζαν πάθη προώθηση London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there andγια thusτην old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes αλλά there and thus old are being indirectly “squeezed”. των δικών τους ιδιοτελών επιδιώξεων), πάνω απ’residents όλα οι being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon included η in the work of Sociologist Ruth αποκλίνουσες αντιλήψεις κάθε isείδους, διαφορετική ιεράρχηση A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major προτεραιοτήτων και η βούληση για τηsituations νομή τηςwere εξουσίας.

GLASS at the same period, while similar recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Σε τελικήthe ανάλυση, ηpreoccupied ίδια ηResearchers. Μεγάλη Ιδέαscholars δεν ήτανand αποκλειστικά cities in Western countries, by other Since then, issue has several for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more μία πρόταση approach εξωτερικής πολιτικής˙ ήταν below, εξίσουfrom μίαthe πρόταση comprehensive are being summarized various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the εσωτερικής πολιτικής. Η αλληλεξάρτηση τωνthe δύο παραμέτρωνvarious ήταν interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, following: interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups απόλυτη. Οι διπλωματικές πρωτοβουλίες αναλαμβάνονταν με γνώμονα to “return” the city, leaving the purlieus for several costs in money και την to απήχηση και τις επιπτώσεις τουςreasons: στο high εσωτερικό, ενώ and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the ταυτόχρονα η εσωτερική πολιτική χαρασσόταν και ασκούνταν 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, λαμβάνοντας υπόψη τηνshe προώθησηanτων αλυτρωτικών Berlin, where sheπρωταρχικά her first studies.

In 1932 important study entitled: services of health,made education, entertainment “at published the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and after continuous στόχων της Ελλάδας. Η διάκριση του ενός στοιχείου από το άλλο ήταν lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, αδύνατη διότι το ένα τροφοδοτούσε το άλλο. Ο χωρισμός in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacherτους in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research.

Her public action and μπορούσεinformal να επέλθει με τρόπο βίαιοmanufacturers, και δραματικό, όπωςofσυνέβη long-term effortμόνο by organized groups, brokers buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. ως αποτέλεσμα τηςetc., Μικρασιατικής Καταστροφής, η οποία έκλεισε έναν and selling realCOLLINS estate, for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aκύκλο variety of είχε ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually που ανοίξει σχεδόν έναν αιώνα νωρίτερα.

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Δημοκρατία και Δημόσια Διοίκηση: GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Η δεύτερη condicio sine qua non της πρώτης Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns Της κυρίας Κωστ. (Νάντιας) ΓΕΡΟΛΥΜΑΤΟΥ- ΒΕΛΛΙΟΥ

Υποψ. Διδάκτορος του Τμήμ. Δημόσιας Διοίκησης

By Mr. George-Sp.του C. ATHANASOPOULOS Παντείου Παν/μίου

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Είναι κοινός τόπος ότι η Δημόσια Student Διοίκηση οιουδήποτε κράτους of the School of Architecture είναι σημαντικό του στοιχείο. Μάλιστα, ισχυρή Technical δημόσιαUniversity διοίκηση,of Crete εάν

ιδίως είναι απερίσπαστη από τις παρεμβάσεις της εκάστοτε πολιτικής 1. Introductory Defining the concept ηγεσίας και τις approach: πιέσεις Συνδικαλιστικών Οργάνων απελευθερώνει τις 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept δυνατότητες που διαθέτει το Greek Δημοσιοϋπαλληλικό δυναμικό επιτελεί ANTISTHENIS, the ancient philosopher, (444 BC - 370της, BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 aαποτελεσματικά great the επιτυχώς την αποστολή της και διαχειρίζεται τα among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a great the acquisition of προβλήματα knowledge starts with of the content of“principle”: concepts. καθημερινά των Διοικουμένων. Σε αυτό το πλαίσιο, η αρχή acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term της αξιοκρατίας πρέπει να αποτελεί κεντρικό στοιχείο της διοικητικής 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term area of Planning) gentrification κουλτούρας και sine quagentrification) non αρχή της διοικητικής πρακτικής. Συνεπώς,(or η 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various αποκομματικοποίηση, η αξιοκρατία, η διαφάνεια και ηthis, λογοδοσία Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the fromthere (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually ofδημοκρατικής low-income and theremoval placement of ισχυροποιούν το θεμέλιο μιας κοινωνίας. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Η απουσία διαδικασιών αξιολόγησης είναι η άλλη όψη the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (andτου theof whatever other consequences resultsΚάθε also rising of land prices (and the νομίσματος τωνspeculation). πελατειακών has, σχέσεων. πρωτοβουλία διοικητικής potential relative potential relative speculation). εξυγίανσης έρχεται αντιμέτωπη με inπλήθος πελατειακών διορισμών, The term gentrification is found at first the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and αλλαγής itareas refersofto σκανδαλωδών παραγγελιών, αμφιλεγόμενων ελιγμών έναντι της the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof της διοικητικής νοοτροπίας με Συνδικαλιστές να αντιστέκονται σε κάθε London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. αλλαγή του status quo, σε κάθε στρατηγικό σχέδιο αναδιάρθρωσης και being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth προσαρμογής στην αδήριτη πραγματικότητα. Κάπως έτσι όμως A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major διαιωνίζονται τα κακώς κείμενα και ενισχύεται η δυσφορία των πολιτών.

GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Τα λιμνάζοντα ύδατα, όμως, κάποιος πρέπειscholars να τα ταράξει. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several and forΣυνήθως its more φωνασκούν αυτοί που θα έπρεπε να σωπαίνουν, αυτοί που καταφεύγουν Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various σε ιδεοληψίεςofαρνούμενοι να of αντιμετωπίσουν αναγκαιότητα της interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, theτην following: interpretations of the phenomenon the following: αξιολογικής διαδικασίας. Περίκλειστοι στο of μικρό τους σύμπαν, μάχονται In a sense, the phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend a new category of social groups επί“return” του πτώματος αξιολογικής Και απέχουν αυτοί που to to the city,κάθε leaving the purlieusδιαδικασίας. for several reasons: high costs in money οφείλουν προβούν σεpurlieus αναγκαίες, ριζοσπαστικές μεταρρυθμίσεις προς and time toνα travel from the to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1.of The termat comes fromΔημόσιας Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASSόμως, wasbetter born sense safety the distributed residencies outside town for όφελος μιας ισχυρής Διοίκησης. Για ναcentres, κερδηθεί, τοin Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at να the heart of city”,movements (possibly) στοίχημα της αλλαγής νοοτροπίας πρέπει αρθεί η the καχυποψία και ηfor Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and after continuous 1 lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York sheσώμα came back to London, where . Το των Δημοσίων δυσπιστία προς τους Δημοσίους Υπαλλήλους in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a στρεβλώσεων systematic and Υπαλλήλων έχει μετατραπεί σε δέκτη όλων των University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 1 Βλ. γενικά στοιχεία στο: Θ. Παναγόπουλος: Δημόσιο Υπαλληλικό Δίκαιο. Η΄ έκδ.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Αθήνα, 2013. Εκδόσεις Σταμούλης.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

μακροχρόνιων μη σύννομων πρακτικών. Έχει αναχθεί, δηλαδή, ο Δημόσιος Υπάλληλος σε persona non grata στη συνείδηση του πολίτη. Παγιώνεται έτσι μια εικόνα για την απόδοση των Δημοσίων Υπαλλήλων, η οποία παρά το μεγάλο ποσοστό εκείνων των Δημοσίων Υπαλλήλων, που η εγνωσμένη ικανότητά τους είναι άνω του μέσου όρου, παρά την φιλότιμη και αξιόλογη προσπάθεια που καταβάλουν καθημερινά οι Δημόσιοι Υπάλληλοι για τη βελτίωση της ατομικής τους και κατ’ επέκταση του

By Mr.απόδοσης George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS συνολικού έργου της υπηρεσίας, δεν μπορεί να αλλάξει, ενισχύοντας την Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr.που George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS αρνητική στερεοτυπική αντίληψη διαποτίζει τη σκέψη των Architect Student of theτης School of Architecture συμπολιτών μας. Πολλές φορές η δύναμη αυτής στερεοτυπικής Technical University of Crete αντίληψης είναι τόσο μεγάλη που και στην πράξη ακόμη εάν σε Δημόσια Υπηρεσία εντοπιστεί συμπεριφορά ευσυνείδητου και εργατικού 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Υπαλλήλου, αυτή θα αποδοθεί σε προσωπική Όμως αυτή η 1. Introductory approach: the conceptιδιομορφία.

ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), αυτιστική νοοτροπία να αρθεί; Και αν ναι, πότε; Μήπως, όταν ANTISTHENIS, theμπορεί ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the επιτέλους γίνει μια σοβαρή και ουσιαστική αλλαγή στο ζήτημα among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. της αξιολόγησης; acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Η αξιολόγηση: φόβητρο ήof αναγκαία διαδικασία; Sociology as well), as the “refining” a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement Είναι χαρακτηριστικές οι αντιδράσεις, που προκαλούνται, όταν ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless τίθεται ως προτεραιότητα το ζήτημα της αξιολόγησης των Δημοσίων whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of που landτρέφεται prices (and the Υπαλλήλων. Κάθε δημόσιο πρόσωπο, κάθε πρόσωπο από potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). τονThe δημόσιο ταμείο πρέπει να αξιολογείται υπηρεσίες τουit refers και την term gentrification is found at first in the για UK τις in early 1960s and to The term gentrification foundΗatαξιολόγηση first in the UK in early 1960s andεργαλείο itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy people to buy property in poor υπαλληλική του συμπεριφορά. αποτελεί βασικό the then observed trend of wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, them, stayτων themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof τόσο γιαupgrade τη λογοδοσία Δημοσίων Υπηρεσιών και Φορέων και τον London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. προγραμματισμό της δράσης τους. Επιπλέον, καταργείται η δυνατότητα being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth αυθαιρεσιών καιofτίθεται τέλος στις πρακτικές απαξίωσης της Δημόσιας A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Διοίκησης και των Δημοσίων Υπαλλήλων. Η διαδικασία της αξιολόγησης GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western by other Researchers. οφείλει είναιcountries, ολική στην της2. Πρέπει να συνδέεται με την cities inνα Western countries, byπροσέγγισή other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more εκπαίδευση καιtheτην σε αντικείμενα και δεξιότητες του Since then, issueκατάρτιση has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from σύγχρονου εργασιακού περιβάλλοντος. Επίσης, πρέπει να εμπεδωθεί στην comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: κοινή η of πεποίθηση ότι η of αξιολόγηση Δημόσια Διοίκηση είναι interpretations the phenomenon the following: In aγνώμη sense, the phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of aστη new category of social groups προς όφελος, Δημοσίων Υπαλλήλων και των Δημοσίων to “return” to theόχι city,μόνον leavingτων the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Υπηρεσιών, αλλά και της ίδιας της Κοινωνίας, η οποία προσδοκά and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack ofτην the αναβάθμιση παρεχόμενων δημοσίων υπηρεσιών.

1.of The termτων from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying 2 her work areεν characterized a passion for justice.

See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Βλ. εκτάσει: P.byWright, R. Noe, J. Hollenbeck, B. part Gerhart (Επιστημ. Υπεύθ. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. Αθανασόπουλος): Διαχείριση Ανθρωπίνων Πόρων. Τόμοι Α΄και Β΄.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Είναι πανθολογουμένως γνωστό, ότι ο Δημόσιος Τομέας3 αποτελεί διαχρονικά τον καθρέφτη μιας χώρας καθώς η απόδοση και η αποτελεσματικότητά του εξαρτώνται κυρίως από το ανθρώπινο δυναμικό του. Η Δημόσια Διοίκηση οφείλει να έχει θεσμική μνήμη, ώστε να υπάρχει συνέχεια στο έργο της. Η εκάστοτε Ηγεσία πρέπει να ενεργεί ως θεματοφύλακας της διοικητικής πρακτικής και παράδοσης, καθώς και να διαθέτει την ευελιξία, ώστε By να Mr.προσαρμόζεται στις διοικητικές George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS μεταρρυθμίσεις, που στοχεύουν στη μείωση του διοικητικού βάρους και Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS στην αναβάθμιση του ρόλου της. Γεγονός είναι ότι ηC. χρόνια κακοδαιμονία Architect of the School of Architecture της ελληνικής Δημόσιας Διοίκησης και Student οι πελατειακές σχέσεις έχουν Technical University of απαξιώσει την εικόνα του Δημοσίου Υπαλλήλου. Προς αποκατάσταση Crete της πραγματικής εικόνας θα συνέβαλλε μια διαδικασία αντικειμενικής 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept αξιολόγησης των approach: Δημοσίων Greek Υπαλλήλων βάσει(444 τηςBC πραγματικής τους 1. Introductory the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining philosopher, - 370 BC, Athens), επίδοσης καιwise όχιheritage βάσει στερεοτύπων (biases)(444 ήBC προκαθορισμένου ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other he left us, he established a great the κριτηρίου κατάταξής τους σε μια εκ των προτέρων καθορισμένη κλίμακα, among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. σύστημα που έχει on εφαρμοσθεί Ιδιωτικό Τομέα με απογοητευτικά acquisition of knowledge starts withστον theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term αποτελέσματα. gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Πέραν αυτών, πρέπει να λεχθεί ότι σημαντικό πρόβλημα στη Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement of Δημόσια Διοίκηση είναι η απροθυμία των αξιολογούμενων να this, αποδεχτούν ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this of οποιαδήποτε μεταρρυθμιστική προσπάθεια, που“change”, στόχοregardless έχει να the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the καταστήσει την consequences εσωστρεφή μεhas, πολλαπλές γραφειοκρατικές αγκυλώσεις whatever other results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). Δημόσια Υπηρεσία σε ανταγωνιστική και εξωστρεφή. Πρέπει να potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to ενστερνιστούμε την άποψη,found ότι δεν έχουμε λόγους ως Δημόσια The term gentrification atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s andΔιοίκηση itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor και ως Σώμα Δημοσίων Υπαλλήλων να φοβόμαστε την αναμέτρηση με are τοof the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents ρίσκο καιupgrade τις προκλήσεις μέλλοντος. Η ανάπτυξη, την όλοι London, them, stayτου themselves sometimes there andγια thus oldοποία residents are being indirectly “squeezed”.

4. Αυτή η περιβόητη being indirectly “squeezed”. διαρρηγνύουν τα ιμάτιά τους κατά βάθος φοβίζει A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofόλους this phenomenon isτης included theΌχι work of Sociologist Ruth ανάπτυξη αφορά τους ζωής in μας! μόνο τηother Διοίκηση!

GLASS at the same period, whileτομείς similar situations were recorded in major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Ακόμη και για να υπάρξει ισχυρή οικονομία πρέπει νωρίτερα να έχει cities in Western countries, by μια other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and forΔημόσιας its more δημιουργηθεί το ιδεώδες υπέδαφος της ανταγωνιστικής Since then, the issue has several scholars for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the Διοίκησης. Από την αντίληψή μας, όμως, έχει αποσυνδεθεί ηand αναγκαιότητα comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the of gentrification, the following: εκσυγχρονισμού τηςphenomenon Δημόσιας Διοίκησης. Ως εκ τούτου, μέχρι πρότινος, οι interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups σχετικές νομοθετικές πρωτοβουλίες με στόχο τον εκσυγχρονισμό της to “return” to the leavingΗthe purlieus for several reasons:μας highαντίληψη costs in money οδηγούνταν σε city, αδιέξοδο. απαλλαγή από τη φοβική για and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin,3 where she made her first studies. In της 1932 she published an important study entitled: Βλ. στοιχεία περί της οριοθέτησης έννοιας στο: Κωνστ. ΓΕ. Αθανασόπουλος: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Θεσμικό Πλαίσιο Επιχειρήσεων και Οργανισμών, Αθήνα, α.χ. σελ.

33, Εκδόσεις lower living costΔημόσιων of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Σταμούλη. in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and 4 University College of London, where she continued her social research.

Her public and Βλ. informal και Κωνστ. ΓΕ. Αθανασόπουλος: Διοικητικό Δίκαιο. Νέα Έκδοση, Αθήνα, 2014, long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for Μελετών, justice. SeeΈρευνας also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. σελ.

10. Έκδοση, Κέντρου Επιμόρφωσης, Ανάπτυξης. Βλ. web, ακόμη: and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially ofκαι part of the urban in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Επιθεώρηση Αποκέντρωσης, Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης και Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης, έτος G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually πρώτης έκδοσης 1995 έως σήμερα, στο: Epitheorisi- athanasopoulos.webnode.gr

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

κάθε μεταρρυθμιστική προσπάθεια αναφορικά με την εδραίωση μιας γενναίας αξιολογικής διαδικασίας, η οποία θα είναι αποσυνδεδεμένη από το βάρος των εσκεμμένων απολύσεων, εμπεριέχουσα δικλείδες ασφαλείας για τον αποκλεισμό τους, θα δημιουργήσει ένα ικανό Σώμα Δημοσίων Υπαλλήλων με θέληση για βελτίωση της ατομικής τους επίδοσης και κατ’ επέκταση για την αύξηση της απόδοσης του συνόλου της Διοίκησης. Μόνο τότε θα είναι εφικτή μία συζήτηση γιαGeorge-Sp. μια ισχυρήC.και αποτελεσματική

By Mr. ATHANASOPOULOS Δημόσια Διοίκηση, όπωςHarvard αρμόζειUniversity, σε μια ισχυρή δημοκρατική κοινωνία.

Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Εξ άλλης πλευράς, η σύγκλιση της Δημόσιας Διοίκησης με τις Student of the School of Architecture ευρωπαϊκές απαιτήσεις σε ζητήματα εκσυγχρονισμού και αναβάθμισης Technical University of Crete του Διοικητικού Συστήματος είναι απαραίτητη προϋπόθεση για την αλλαγή της αντίληψης της κοινής γνώμης για την απόδοση του Δημόσιου 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 5.

1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept Υπαλλήλου ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC βασικό -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage heη left us, he established a great the Στις σύγχρονες χώρες Δημόσια Διοίκηση αποτελεί εργαλείο among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. για την αποδοτική λειτουργία και ανάπτυξη συνολικά της κοινωνίας. Μια acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term αξιολόγηση 1καλά εδραιωμένη σε αντικειμενικά και προσδιορισμένα με Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification σαφήνεια κριτήρια, παρέχοντας μέτρο σύγκρισηςtheκαι κίνητρα στους 1 (and urban gentrification gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various ικανούς έναντι των ανίκανων θα έδινε ώθηση στην from αποτελεσματική Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, λειτουργία του groups, διοικητικού μηχανισμού. Ταand τελευταία χρόνια καιofδη με ways), of social usually of low-income thethis placement artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of τον Ν.

4369/2016, όπως έχει τροποποιηθεί και ισχύει, επιχειρήθηκε ηof the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and the ανάδειξη ενός ριζικά αλλαγμένου, συστήματος αξιολόγησης whatever otherνέου, consequences has, results also rising of land prices (andκαι the potential relative speculation). προαγωγικής διαδικασίας. Η αξιολόγηση και η συμμετοχή των Δημοσίων potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers Υπαλλήλων στη διαδικασία θέσηςatpeople στόχων, και στη λειτουργία της the then observed trend ofiswealthy to όπως buy property in poor ofto the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas Διοίκησης γενικότερα, αποσκοπούν στη βελτίωση της απόδοσης London, upgrade them, stay themselves andατομικής thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thusΥπηρεσίας. old residents are κάθε Υπαλλήλου και της συνολικής απόδοσης της Δημόσιας being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included inχαρακτήρα, the work of Sociologist Ruth Το νέο Σύστημα δεν έχει τιμωρητικό ούτε αποτελεί A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major πρόσχημα για απολύσεις από το Δημόσιο. Έχειwere πραγματικό, ουσιαστικό GLASS at the same period, while similar situations recorded in other major cities in Western countries, other Researchers. πεδίο με byby κριτήρια κοινώς αποδεκτά, μετρήσιμα και cities inεφαρμογής, Western countries, other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more αντικειμενικά, ως προς την εφαρμογή τους, μεand αποκλειστικό Since then,ελεγχόμενα the issue has several below, scholars for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from the γνώμονα την ποιοτική αναβάθμιση των Δημόσιων Υπηρεσιών. Με τον comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: προαναφερόμενο νόμο προβλέπεται ρύθμιση σχετικά με την interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups αποκατάσταση τυχόν αδικιών και τη δίκαιη λειτουργία του συστήματος to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money αξιολόγησης. Συγκεκριμένα, προβλέπεται η δυνατότητα and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is,υποβολής lack of the ενστάσεων από τονdistributed αξιολογούμενο ενώπιον της ειδικά προς τούτοfor 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes the residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and 5 ου University College of London, where continued her social research.

Her public Βλ. informal και Ακαδημία Αθηνών: Ηshe Δημόσια Διοίκηση μπροστά στηνbrokers πρόκληση του 21and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by aΚωνστ. passionΓΕ. forΑθανασόπουλου: justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Αιώνα: Άρθρα Καθηγητή Αποκέντρωση των Δημοσίων and selling realτου estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Υπηρεσιών, Κωδικοποίηση Νομοθεσίας, Σύστημα Επικοινωνίας Κράτους Πολιτών, G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School Design, Student, θεσμοθετημένης Ειδικής Επιτροπής Αξιολόγησης. Με τη of διαδικασία αυτή

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS διασφαλίζονται τα συνταγματικής φύσεως δικαιώματαArchitect του Student of the School of Architecture αξιολογούμενου, δηλαδή της αναφοράς και ακρόασης ενώπιον του Technical University of Crete

αρμοδίου Διοικητικού Οργάνου.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, Υπάρχει ελπίδα δίχως μνήμη; ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the Η κρισιμότητα του ρόλου της Δημόσιας Διοίκησης, τόσο στη among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. βελτίωση των παρεχόμενων υπηρεσιών γιαifτους Πολίτες και στη acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content ofόσο concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, not final, approach, the term 1ανάπτυξη Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated aείναι first, καθολικά if (in notthe final, approach, the term γενικότερη της οικονομίας αποδεκτή. Προς (and urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification τούτο, κρίνεται ότι μία“refining” ευρύτερηofαποδοχή πολιτικές δυνάμεις του Sociology as well), as the a city area,από the τις removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), asαποτελεσματική the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of για social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement τόπου μια διεξαγωγή της διαδικασίας της ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation ofτου art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of αξιολόγησης προσωπικού της Δημόσιας Διοίκησης θα μπορούσε να the operation art galleries, etc.

However this regardless whatever other consequences has, results of “change”, landτης prices (andτου theof συμβάλει στηof συνέχεια της restaurants, Διοίκησης καιalso στηrising συντήρηση μνήμης whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Κράτους. Η μνήμη είναι αυτή που θα δώσει συνέχεια στη Δημόσια potential relative speculation).

The termώστε gentrification is found at first the UK in early 1960s and it refersσε to Διοίκηση, ανεξάρτητα από τηνinεκάστοτε αλλαγή προσώπων The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor κυβερνητικές θέσεις, η απόδοση καιpeople η εξέλιξη της property ΔημόσιαςinΔιοίκησης να the then observed trend wealthy to there buy areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus oldpoor residents areof είναι σταθερή με them, ολοκληρωμένο επιχειρησιακό σχέδιο, προϋπολογισμό, London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes there andμεthus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. με χρονοδιάγραμμα ως προς την εφαρμογή συγκεκριμένων being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth 6. μεταρρυθμιστικών δράσεων A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major και countries, αν ακούγεται η βιωσιμότητα της Δημόσιας cities inΌσο Western by otherουτοπικό, Researchers. cities in Western bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, issue has several scholars and forαπαιτούν its more Διοίκησης και the ηcountries, αντιμετώπιση των χρόνιων παθογενειών της the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from various μια Since κοινή,then, ευρεία αποδοχή των Διοικητικών Στελεχών από τιςthe Πολιτικές comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Δυνάμεις. Αντιδράσεις οργανωμένων συμφερόντων, συνδικαλιστικά interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups προσκόμματα και φοβικά isκοινωνικά αντανακλαστικά σε αλυσιδωτή to “return” to the city, leavingχρόνια the purlieus reasons: highτης costsΔημόσιας in money μορφή, που αποτελούν τώραforτηseveral μεγάλη πληγή and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack Διοίκησης, θα αμβλύνονταν και η εκάστοτε ηγεσία του τόπουof the θα termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, προχωρούσε δυναμικά σε ανάληψη πρωτοβουλιών για τον αναγκαίο Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for διοικητικό εκσυγχρονισμό. lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying 6 her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Άλλα θέματα στο: Hephaestus.nup.ac.cy/Athanasopoulos Const.

Geweb, Hadle and selling real estate,βλ. etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 11728, 7165,7167, 7172, 7213, 7214. Ιδίως: The modernization in State as a condition for G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

development and investments (7214).

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Η έννοια του μικρεμπόρου υπαγωγής GENTRIFICATION Definition, Typesωςofπροϋπόθεση Intervention, στο Νόμο για τα Υπερχρεωμένα Φυσικά Πρόσωπα Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification (Ν. 3869/2010)

Concerns

Της κυρίας Ιωάν. ΕΦΡΑΙΜΙΔΟΥ Ειρηνοδίκη,ByΜΔΕ Ποινικού Δικαίου Αριστοτελείου Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Πανεπιστημίου Θεσσαλονίκης Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

Ι. ΕΙΣΑΓΩΓΙΚΑ Ο Ν. 3869/20101 εισήγαγε για πρώτη φορά στο νομοθετικό μας 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept γίγνεσθαι την πτώχευση των ιδιωτών, ήτοι τη δυνατότητα των μη 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, εμπόρων φυσικώνthe προσώπων να απαλλάσσονται από- 370 τα BC, χρέηAthens), τους2.

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among otherηwise heritageτων he left us, he established great “principle”: the Αντιθέτως, πτώχευση εμπόρων (φυσικών ήa νομικών προσώπων) among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. ρυθμιζόταν ήδη από πολύ νωρίς βάσει της προβλεπόμενης διαδικασίας acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term του πτωχευτικού δικαίου, λόγω του ότι η αφερεγγυότητα ενός εμπόρου 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification κρίθηκε ότι εγκυμονεί συνήθως περισσότερους κινδύνους και αρνητικές 1 (and urban gentrification gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various επιπτώσεις στη συναλλακτική ζωή σε σύγκριση με τηνfrom αφερεγγυότητα Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ενός μηof εμπόρου. ways), social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless Αν ανατρέξουμε στο απώτατο παρελθόν θα διαπιστώσουμε ότιthe οof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the θεσμός της σεισάχθειας που καθιέρωσε ο νομοθέτης Σόλων στην Αρχαία potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). Αθήνα ήταν κατά κάποιον τρόπο του Ν.

The term gentrification is found at firstένας in the μακρινός UK in earlyπρόδρομος 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification iswealthy foundαποσκοπούσε atpeople first in the UK early 1960s andζωή itareas refers the then observed trend to buy property in poor ofto 3869/2010, καθώς και of αυτός ναin βελτιώσει τη των the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and old residents areof πολιτών που λόγω τωνof χρεών τους κινδύνευαν ναthus χάσουν είτε την London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ελευθερία τους, είτε τη γη τους. Ο Σόλων αποφάσισε αφενός να being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description this phenomenon is included the work of Sociologist καταργήσει τηνofεμπράγματη ασφάλεια τουinανθρώπινου σώματοςRuth και A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major 3 . Μεσολάβησαν αρκετοί αφετέρου μεγάλο μέρος των χρεώνwere GLASS atνα theδιαγράψει same period, while similar situations recorded in other major cities in Western countries, byτο other Researchers. αιώνες για να επανέλθει ζήτημα της διευθέτησης των υπέρογκων μη cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more εμπορικών χρεών και να τονιστεί από several τους θεωρητικούς η ανάγκη Since then, the issue has scholars andthe for its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from various θέσπισης μια ειδικής διαδικασίας, η οποία ήδη υφίστατο στις διεθνείς και comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: 4. Η συζήτηση γύρω από το συγκεκριμένο θέμα ευρωπαϊκές έννομες τάξεις interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups έλαβε μεγάλες διαστάσεις όταν άρχισαν να διαφαίνονται ταinπρώτα to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin,1 ΦΕΚ where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Α 130/03-08-2010. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth2Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Βλ. ΑιτιολογΕκθ του Ν. 3869/2010, κεφ. I, σελ. lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car1. easier access to markets, etc. studies 3 and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where Γ., Άμυνα και ελευθέρωση του υπερχρεωμένου οφειλέτη, Η πορεία in According 1943Βλ. sheΜεντή published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research.

Her public and προς μια νέα σεισάχθεια σταby όρια μεταξύ αστικού δικαίου και νέου πτωχευτικού δικαίου, long-term informal effort organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 2012, σελ.are 13-14. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 4 Βλ. έτσι σε Σπυράκο Δ., Ρύθμιση χρεών και πτωχευτική διαδικασία ιδιωτών, G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

72

ΧρηΔικ 2008, σελ. 180.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

σημάδια της οικονομικής κρίσης στην Ελλάδα, δηλαδή περί το έτος 2009. Τότε ήταν που οι ιδιώτες έβλεπαν για πρώτη φορά τα εισοδήματά τους να μειώνονται κατακόρυφα μέρα με τη μέρα ή και να εκμηδενίζονται λόγω των αυξανόμενων απολύσεων. Συνακόλουθα η αποπληρωμή των δανειακών υποχρεώσεων για την πλειονότητα των πολιτών κατέστη δυσβάστακτη και ανέφικτη.

5 από C. τηATHANASOPOULOS μία τα συμφέροντα Έτσι, ο νομοθέτης κλήθηκε να Byσταθμίσει Mr. George-Sp. Graduate School of στα Design, Student, των ιδιωτών, οι οποίοιHarvard λόγω University, της εύκολης πρόσβασης τραπεζικά By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect προϊόντα κατά τα προηγούμενα έτη είχαν υπερχρεωθεί και μάλιστα of the School of Architecture πολλές φορές υποκύπτοντας στην πίεση Student της επιθετικής πρακτικής των Technical University of Crete τραπεζών. Μία «δεύτερη ευκαιρία» για την επάνοδό τους στην οικονομική και1.συναλλακτική ζωή τηςDefining χώρας ήταν επιβεβλημένη και μπορούσε να Introductory approach: the concept 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept υλοποιηθεί ασφαλέστερα μέσω της δικαστικής οδούBC που θαBC, παρείχε τα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 - 370 Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), εχέγγυαother της wise προάσπισης δικαιωμάτων των «ευάλωτων» οφειλετών. among heritageτων he left us, he established a great “principle”: the among wise heritage he us,definition he established a great the Από τηνother άλλη πλευρά, όμως, οleft νομοθέτης όφειλε διασφαλίσει και τη acquisition of knowledge starts with the of theνα content of“principle”: concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts withιδρυμάτων theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, this “principle” a first, και if of not approach, the term βιωσιμότητα των on πιστωτικών τηfinal, θέση των ιδιωτώνBased, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area ofοφειλέτες, Planning) (or gentrification πιστωτών εν1 (and γένειurban από τυχόν φερόμενους υπερχρεωμένους οι 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various οποίοι καταχρηστικά θα επικαλούνταν τη ρύθμιση. Τελικά, όταν οι Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, removal fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe placement συνθήκες ωρίμασαν ψηφίστηκε από τη Βουλή οthe Ν.

3869/2010. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Ως ένα νεοπαγές νομοθέτημα ήταν αναμενόμενο να παρουσιάζει the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof κάποιες νομοτεχνικές ατέλειεςhas, και γι’ αυτό σε ένα σχετικά whatever otherspeculation). consequences results also rising of land pricesσύντομο (and the potential relative χρονικό διάστημα από την έναρξη ισχύος του κρίθηκε απαραίτητη η potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to 6 The term gentrification found first the UK in early ,1960s and itareas refersofto τα μεταξύ τροποποίησή του με τα άρθρα 11 at επ. τουinΝ. the then observed trend ofiswealthy people to4161/2013 buy property inοποία, poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas άλλων, προέβλεπαν την κατάργηση της υποχρεωτικής προσφυγής του London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus πριν old residents are οφειλέτη σε εξωδικαστικό συμβιβασμό με τους πιστωτές από την being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in την the work of Sociologist Ruth κατάθεση της αίτησης υπαγωγής στο νόμο και αντικατάστασή του με ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major ένα A description δυνητικό προστάδιο διαμεσολάβησης και ofσυνακόλουθης GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other cities in Western countries, byτης other Researchers. υποχρεωτικής τήρησης μετέπειτα διαδικασίας. Εξαιτίας δε major της cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more ανάγκης ανάσχεσης προδήλως καταχρηστικών αιτήσεων αλλά και των Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive arepreoccupied being summarized from πολύ μακρινών approach προσδιορισμένων δικασίμων των αιτήσεων ορίστηκε για comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: πρώτη φορά η υποχρέωση δόσηςofμηνιαίων καταβολών από την υποβολή interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups της αιτήσεως μέχρι την έκδοση οριστικής απόφασης επί αυτής. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money κατατέθηκαν μετά την 14Ακολούθησε ο Ν. 4336/20157 για όσες αιτήσεις and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 8 με έναρξη ισχύος τηνfor 01-0108-2015 και εν συνεχεία ο Ν.

4346/2015 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS was born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search better Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies 5 and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where Μ., Ρύθμιση οφειλών υπερχρεωμένων φυσικών προσώπων (Ν. in According 1943Σταθόπουλος she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College London, where she189. continued her social research. brokers Her public action and 3869/2010), ΧρηΔικof2011, σελ.

182 και long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying 6 her work areΑcharacterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. ΦΕΚ and selling real143/14-06-2013. estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 7 ΦΕΚ Α 94/14-08-2015.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 8 ΦΕΚ Α 152/20-11-2015.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

2016. Έτσι, δόθηκε η δυνατότητα στον οφειλέτη να εντάξει και χρέη προς το Δημόσιο (ΔΟΥ, ασφαλιστικά ταμεία και ΟΤΑ) αν αυτά δεν είναι τα μοναδικά χρέη του, ενώ παράλληλα εισήχθη ο θεσμός της ταχείας διευθέτησης μικροοφειλών μέχρι το ποσό των 20.000 ευρώ (άρθρο 5α). Ειδικά με το Ν. 4336/2016 εισήχθησαν αυστηρότερα κριτήρια για τη διάσωση της κύριας κατοικίας των οφειλετών (άρθρο 9 παρ. 2). Σχετικά 9 προς το σκοπό διορθώσεως δε πρόσφατα ψηφίστηκε και ο Ν. 4549/2018

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS επιμέρους αστοχιών τουHarvard νόμου, University, που εξακολουθούσαν να υφίστανται.

Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Αντικείμενο της παρούσας μελέτης είναι η εννοιολογική προσέγγιση Student of the School of Architecture του όρου «μικρέμπορος» όπως η έννοια αυτή διαμορφώθηκε από Technical University of Crete θεωρητική και νομολογιακή σκοπιά στο πεδίο του εμπορικού δικαίου γενικότερα αλλάapproach: και στο Defining νομοθέτημα για τα υπερχρεωμένα φυσικά 1. Introductory the concept 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept πρόσωπα ειδικότερα. Για την ουσιαστικότερη των ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 δε BC -κατανόηση 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), διαφόρων απόψεων, κυρίως της νομολογιακής κατεύθυνσης, among other wise heritage he στο left επίπεδο us, he established a great “principle”: the among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the κρίθηκε ηstartsπεριπτωσιολογική παράθεση αυτούσιων acquisition ofσκόπιμη knowledge with of the content concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with the the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term παραδειγμάτων απόonδημοσιευμένες αποφάσεις, που είτε έκαναν δεκτό τον 1 (and urban Based, μικροεμπορίας, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification ισχυρισμό είτε τον απέρριψαν.

1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ΙΙ. ΕΝΝΟΙΟΛΟΓΙΚΟΣ ΠΡΟΣΔΙΟΡΙΣΜΟΣ ΤΟΥ ΟΡΟΥ ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless «ΜΙΚΡΕΜΠΟΡΟΣ» whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever consequences has, και results alsoνομολογίας rising of landγια prices (and the potential speculation).

1. relative Ηother θέση της θεωρίας της τον όρο potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at εμπορικού first in the UK in early γενικότερα 1960s and it refers to «μικρέμπορος» στον κλάδο του δικαίου The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Ήδηobserved πριν τη trend θέση ofσεwealthy ισχύ του Ν. 3869/2010 η επιστήμη και ηof the then people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents are νομολογία είχαν διαμορφώσει την άποψη ότι ήταν άδικο να υποβάλλουν London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. στις εμπορικότητας πρόσωπο που ασκούσε εμπορία σε being indirectly της “squeezed”.

A συνέπειες description of this phenomenon isτοincluded in the work of Sociologist Ruth περιορισμένη έκταση βασιζόμενες, ελλείψει νομοθετικής πρόβλεψης, στο A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, similar situations otherείναι major Σχέδιο του Εμπορικού Κώδικα 3 παρ. 2)were που recorded όριζε ότι:in«Δεν cities in Western countries, bywhile other(άρθρο Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. έμπορος όποιος ασκείhasεπαγγελματικά εμπορική δραστηριότητα ή Since then, the issue preoccupied several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more επιχείρηση, εφόσον έχουν περιορισμένη σημασία και τοthe εισόδημα comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from various comprehensive approach are being summarized fromυπήρξε the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: εμφανίζεται ως αμοιβή σωματικής καταπόνησης». Ωστόσο, μία interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups διχογνωμία για τον χαρακτηρισμό του συγκεκριμένου προσώπου. Κατά to “return” theπρόσωπο city, leavingαυτό the purlieus for several reasons: costs in money μία άποψη,to το είναι μικρέμπορος και γι’high αυτό πρέπει να and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the απαλλάσσεται από μερικές, τις πιο δυσμενείς, συνέπειες της 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the residencies outside townτην centres, 10 . Ηdistributed άποψη δέχθηκε, ωστόσο, δενentitled: έχει εμπορικότητας Berlin, where she made her first αυτή studies.

In 1932 she published an κριτική importantότι study services of health, entertainment “atβεβαιότητα the heart ofδικαίου the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment.

Theδεν same year she Germany and after continuous movements έρεισμα στο νόμοeducation, και μπορεί ναleft πει με ποιες είναιfor lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and 9 University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and ΦΕΚinformal Α 105/14-06-2018. long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying 10 are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. her work Υπέρ τηςetc., άποψης η Λιβαδά Χρ., Νεότερες αντιλήψεις γιαurban την εμπορική and selling realαυτής estate, for the depreciation initially of part of the web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ιδιότητα στο παράδειγμα του Ν.

3869/2010 για τη ρύθμιση των οφειλών υπερχρεωμένων G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

74

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

οι συνέπειες που δεν εφαρμόζονται11. Κατ’ άλλη γνώμη, δεν είναι καθόλου έμπορος και δεν υπόκειται σε καμία από τις συνέπειες της εμπορικότητας, ούτε τις δυσμενείς, ούτε και τις ευμενείς. Πάντως, η διχογνωμία αυτή ουδόλως άσκησε επίδραση στην ένταξη του μικρεμπόρου στο Ν.

3869/2010 καθότι υπήρχε συμφωνία στο ότι ο μικρέμπορος δεν μπορεί να πτωχεύσει12. Η εφαρμογή δε του Ν. 3869/2010 δεν συνδέθηκε με το αν ο υπερχρεωμένος οφειλέτης απολαμβάνει ή όχιC. τα προνόμια της

By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS εμπορικότητας.

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Πιο αναλυτικά έχουν εκφραστεί οι παρακάτω απόψεις Architect από τη Student of the School of Architecture 13 θεωρία για την έννοια του μικρεμπόρου : 1) Μικρέμπορος είναι το Technical University of Crete πρόσωπο που διενεργεί πράξεις εμπορικές κατά σύνηθες επάγγελμα, ωστόσο χωρίς κερδοσκοπική δράσηthe αλλά συνιστάμενη κατά κύριο λόγο 1. Introductory approach: Defining concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept σε ANTISTHENIS, προσωπικό μόχθο του επαγγελματία, ώστε του να the ancient Greek philosopher, (444τοBCεισόδημά - 370 BC, Athens), 14.

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), αποτελεί αμοιβή καταπόνησης και όχι επιχειρηματικό κέρδος among other wiseτης heritage he left us,αυτής he established a great “principle”: the other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition heτην established a great the 2)among Η εμπορικότητα χαρακτηρίζει οικονομική δράση που έχει acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content of“principle”: concepts. acquisition of knowledge theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term οικονομική βαρύτητα καιstarts την with κατεύθυνση του εμπορικού δικαίου στο να 1 (and urban Based,την therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the term gentrification) is of Planning) (or gentrification ρυθμίσει οικονομικά ουσιώδη συμπεριφορά γιαthe το area κοινωνικό σύνολο, 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various έτσι ο μικρέμπορος, ο οποίος διενεργεί εμπορικές πράξεις κατ’ επάγγελμα, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of κοινωνικοοικονομικό social groups, usually of low-income andκαι theremoval placement χωρίς αντίκτυπο σημασία, πρέπει να ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless of 15 αποκλεισθεί από τις σχετικές συνέπειες της εμπορικής ιδιότητας . 3) Ένα the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this “change”, regardless of whatever other has, results rising of land prices (and the πρόσωπο δεν γίνεται έμπορος αν τοresults εισόδημά του είναι προϊόν, κύρια, του whatever other consequences has, also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). μόχθου του δικούspeculation). του ή και των μελών της οικογένειάς του, έτσι «σωστά potential relative The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to και The δίκαια τοgentrification εμπορικό δίκαιο, έξω τη 1960s σκληρότητά του term foundαφήνοντας atpeople first in the UK από in early and itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto αυτούς που στην ουσία είναι ελεύθεροι εργάτες ή που the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof αυτοαπασχολούνται... που μέσα στη χρόνια κρίση της London, upgrade them, αυτούς stay themselves sometimes there and thus oldοικονομίας residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. ψάχνουν να βρουν και να δώσουν δουλειά στον εαυτό τους και στους A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth 16. of A description this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth 4) Μικρέμπορος είναι το πρόσωπο εκείνο που κατά δικούς τους» GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major σύνηθες επάγγελμα ασκεί εμπορικές πράξεις, αλλά το κέρδος του από cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities inτη Western countries, bypreoccupied other Since then, the issue has for its more αυτήν δραστηριότητα, λόγωResearchers. του several είδους scholars και τηςand έκτασής της, Since then, issue has several scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from εμφανίζεται σανthe αμοιβή της σωματικής του καταπόνησης ή the των μελών comprehensive approach being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: της οικογένειάς του, ενώ are στοιχεία που μπορούν να βοηθήσουν στη interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the dueof to a trend of a new of social groups διαπίστωση τουphenomenon είδους καιisτης έκτασης της δραστηριότητας είναι: ο to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 11 Βλ.term Παμπούκη Κ.Γ. –Sociologist Παπαδρόσου-Αρχανιωτάκη Π., Εμπορικό from Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth Δίκαιο, GLASS Εισαγωγή, wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for η her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Berlin, whereΈννοιες, she made έκδ.

(2001), σελ.

120-121. Θεμελιώδεις 4 services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth12Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Έτσι Αργυροπούλου Ιουλ., Εισήγηση στην Εθνική Σχολή Δικαστικών Λειτουργών, lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, 13-10-2016, 22. in According 1943 sheσελ. published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and 13 University College London, where she continued her social research.

Her public action and Βλ.informal σχετικήofπαράθεση των απόψεων σε Αργυροπούλου Ιουλ.,brokers ό.α.π., σελ.

19-20. long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying 14 are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. her work Περάκης Ε., Γενικό Μέρος του Εμπορικού Δικαίου, έκδ.

2011, σελ.

121. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 15 Περάκης Ε., ό.α.π., σελ.

6-19.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 16 Παμπούκης Κ.Γ. – Παπαδρόσου-Αρχανιωτάκη Π., ό.π., σελ. 48 επ.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

αριθμός των εργασιών, ο τρόπος δράσης, το κεφάλαιο που χρησιμοποιείται, η συχνότητα εκτέλεσης εργασιών, η χρήση πιστώσεων, η χρησιμοποίηση ξένων εργατικών χεριών κλπ17. 5) Κρίσιμο στοιχείο για τον χαρακτηρισμό κάποιου ως μικρέμπορου είναι το αντάλλαγμα από την κατ’ επάγγελμα διενέργεια εμπορικών πράξεων να έχει χαρακτήρα, αποκλειστικά ή κύρια, αμοιβής σωματικής καταπόνησης18. Πάντως, το βασικό κριτήριο της σωματικής του μικρεμπόρου

By Mr.καταπόνησης George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS 19, η οποία διευρύνθηκε ως προς τη φύση University, του με την ΕφΑθ School 11982/1989 Harvard Graduate of Design, Student, Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS στη μείζονα σκέψη της αναφέρειByπως η καταπόνηση του μικρέμπορου Architect of the SchoolΗofνομολογία Architecture μπορεί να είναι όχι μόνο σωματική αλλάStudent και πνευματική.

Technical University of Crete κινούμενη στο ίδιο πνεύμα με τη θεωρία θεωρεί μικρεμπόρους τα άτομα για1.τους οποίους το κέρδος Defining από την the άσκηση εμπορικών πράξεων αποτελεί Introductory approach: concept αμοιβή του σωματικού τους μόχθου και κόπου καιBC όχι- 370 κερδοσκοπικής 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BC, Athens), 20 όπως είναι π.χ. η μοδίστρα, ο υπαίθριος μικροπωλητής δραστηριότητας ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the σε πάγκους, αγορές και πανηγύρια, ο γυρολόγος, ο πλανόδιος among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. λαχειοπώλης καθώς αυτοί είναι βιοπαλαιστές έτοιμοι να εις acquisition of κλπ, knowledge starts with thein definition the content ofτραπούν concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban therefore, on this “principle” inindicated aεπομένως first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term άλλαBased, βιοποριστικά επαγγέλματα και δενarea έχουν κατά τα gentrification) is of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated 21. Εξάλλου, gentrification (in thefrom area of Planning) (or ωςthis, καταπόνηση ισχύοντα ΠτΚ Sociology asστον well), as theπτωχευτική “refining” of ικανότητα a city area, the removal (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social usually of low-income the placement of artists, θεωρείται «εν groups, γένει πας τρόπος επιδίωξηςand εισοδήματος καιthere βιοπορισμού ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the of artists, 22this the operation of art galleries, etc.εργάτη» However “change”,there regardless of που εξομοιώνει κάποιον μεrestaurants, ημερομίσθιο . placement the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the Είναιother αξιοσημείωτο, τέλος, ότιresults το άρθρο 15 παρ.of2 land του Ν.

3419/2005 whatever consequences has, also rising prices (and the potential relative speculation). «Περί τουrelative Γενικού Εμπορικού Μητρώου (ΓΕΜΗ)» προβλέπει ότι: «Με την potential speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to επιφύλαξη των ειδικών διατάξεων της κείμενης νομοθεσίας, απόand τηνitareas έναρξη The term gentrification found at first in the UK in early 1960s refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy people to buy property in poor της τήρησης του ΓΕΜΗ και με την καταχώρηση σε αυτό των νομικών the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof γεγονότων, δηλώσεων, εγγράφων καιsometimes λοιπών στοιχείων, σύμφωνα με τις London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. διατάξεις του νόμου αυτού, δημιουργείται για τους λοιπούς υπόχρεους, που A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth αναφέρονται στιςofperiod, παραγράφους 1 και 2 του άρθρου 1, μαχητό τεκμήριο GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major εμπορικής ιδιότητας. Σύμφωνα με το άρθρο 1 παρ. 2 περ. γ΄: «2. Στο cities in Western countries, by otherδε Researchers. cities inεγγράφονται Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more ΓΕΜΗ προαιρετικά: … γ) τα φυσικά ή νομικά πρόσωπα ή Sinceπροσώπων then, the issue has several scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from the ενώσεις που ασκούν ή προτίθενται ναbelow, ασκήσουν οικονομική ή comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: επαγγελματική δραστηριότητα, χωρίς να έχουν καταστεί έμποροι από την interpretations of the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups άσκηση τηςtheδραστηριότητας αυτής». Επομένως, τα πρόσωπα που to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 17 Σκαλίδης Ε., Δίκαιο, έκδ.

1987, σελ. 1912-1940.

143-146. termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety theΕμπορικό distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin,18where she made her first studies.Εμπορικού In 1932 sheΔικαίου, published an important study entitled: Γεωργακόπουλος Λ., Εγχειρίδιο τόμος 1, έκδ.

1995, σελ.

79. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth19Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Δημοσιευμένη σε ΑρχΝ 1991, σελ.

341. lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies 20 and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where ΕΕμπΔ 1996, σελ. the 62. in According 1943 ΑΠ she945/1995, published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, is due a systematic and 21 University College of London, where she her socialΕλλΔνη research.

Herσελ. public and ΑΠinformal 947/1995, ΕΕμπΔby 1996, σελ.continued 62,groups, ΑΠ 463/1991, 1991, 1216, ΕφΑθ long-term effort organized manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice.

See also: ΑρχΝ COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 11433/1995, ΔΕΕestate, 1996, σελ.

490, ΕφΑθ 11982/1989, 1991, σελ.

341,web, ΕιρΑθ and selling real for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS etc., SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 5074/2011, ΤΝΠΝ, ΓνωμOλΝΣΚ 90/2008, ΤΝΠΝ.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 22

76

ΕιρΣπάρτης 45/1972, ΕλλΔνη 1972, σελ. 441.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

οικειοθελώς προχωρούν στην εγγραφή τους στο ΓΕΜΗ κατά τα ανωτέρω δεν γίνονται έμποροι, αλλά θεωρούνται τέτοιοι με αποτέλεσμα να απολαμβάνουν μεν τα προνόμια της εμπορικότητας, να υφίστανται όμως και τις δυσμενείς συνέπειες. Το τεκμήριο αυτό είναι μαχητό και ισχύει έναντι πάντων. Ωστόσο, λογικά δεν δύναται να ανατραπεί από τον ίδιο τον εγγεγραμμένο στο μητρώο διότι κάτι τέτοιο θα ισοδυναμούσε ουσιαστικά με τη δυνατότητα να απολαμβάνει τις ευνοϊκές συνέπειες της

By Mr.μόνο George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS εμπορικότητας και να αποφεύγει τις υποχρεώσεις που αυτή συνεπάγεται.

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Byθα Mr.περίμενε George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Με βάση τις παραπάνω παραδοχές κανείς ότι ο μικρέμπορος Architect Student the School of Architecture που επέλεξε να εγγραφεί στο ΓΕΜΗ θα ήταν σε ofδυσμενή θέση όταν θα Technical University of Crete επικαλούνταν την ανυπαρξία της πτωχευτικής ικανότητας στο πρόσωπό του1.με σκοπό να ενταχθεί Ν. 3869/2010. Στην πράξη όμως η εγγραφή Introductory approach:στο Defining the concept τουANTISTHENIS, μικρεμπόρου στο επιμελητήριο δεν του αφαίρεσε δυνατότητα να 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BCτη- 370 the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BC, Athens), επικαλεστεί και να υπαχθεί στο νόμο, τάση όμως που έχει ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other μικρεμπορία wise heritage he left us, he established a great the 23. επικριθεί among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 2. Η θέση της νομολογίας για τον όρο «μικρέμπορος» κατά την 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various εφαρμογή του Ν.as 3869/2010 ειδικότερα Sociology as well), the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, α.ofΑποφάσεις που έκαναν δεκτό ισχυρισμό μικροεμπορίας ways), social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.τον However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless 24 whatever other consequences has, results also είναι risingκαι of land prices (and theof ΑΠ 108/2017 : Οι μικρέμποροι, όπως οι πωλητές λαϊκών whatever otherέχουν consequences has, results rising of ούτε land prices (and the potential relative speculation). αγορών, δεν την ιδιότητα τουalso εμπόρου, πτωχευτική potential relative speculation).

The term25gentrification is found at firstστο in the UK in early and it refers to και, συνεπώς, υπάγονται καθεστώς του1960s Ν. 3869/2010. ικανότητα The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofis26 wealthy to buy property in poor ΕιρΝεμέας 35/2017 :wealthy Ο αιτών τυγχάνει λεωφορείου. Η the then observed trend people to there buy οδηγός property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof απόφαση δέχθηκε ότι ναι μεν ενεργεί εμπορικές πράξεις καθώς μεταφέρει London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. πρόσωπα από τόπο τόπο έναντι κομίστρου, όμως το πράττει being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this σε phenomenon is included in theπλην work of Sociologist Ruth χωρίς ριψοκίνδυνη κερδοσκοπική διαμεσολάβηση, ενώ το κέρδος που A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major αποκομίζει αποτελεί περισσότερο αμοιβή του σωματικού του κόπου και cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. μόχθου αποτέλεσμα κερδοσκοπικών συνδυασμών. δε Since παρά then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andΑναφέρει for its more Since ότι then, the issue several scholars andthe for various itsούτε more επιπλέον ο αιτών δεν has εμφανίζει επενδυμένο κεφάλαιο, comprehensive approach arepreoccupied beingσημαντικό summarized below, from comprehensive approach being summarized the various interpretations of the phenomenon of λειτουργίας gentrification, thebelow, following: έκταση δραστηριότητας καιare δομή τέτοια που from να παραπέμπει interpretations the phenomenon of the following: Inεμπορική a sense, theof phenomenon is dueμε togentrification, a σκοπό trend of aτο new category of social groups σε δραστηριότητα κέρδος και συνεπώς to “return” to the στην city, leaving the purlieus several reasons: high costs in money κατατάσσεται κατηγορία των for μικρεμπόρων, εντασσόμενος στη and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the ρύθμιση του Ν. 3869/2010. termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and 23 University College of ό.π.

London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and Λιβαδά Χρ., σελ.by 218-219. long-term informal effort organized groups, manufacturers, of buying 24 are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. her work ΤΝΠΝ. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 25 Πρβλ. ΑΠ 947/1995 και ΑΠ 463/1991 σε ΤΝΠΝ.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 26 ΤΝΠΝ.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

ΕιρΚορίνθου 75/201727: Ο αιτών διατηρούσε ατομική επιχείρηση κατασκευής και τοποθέτησης επίπλων κουζίνας. Κρίθηκε μικρέμπορος διότι: α) δεν απασχολούσε προσωπικό αλλά περιστασιακά λάμβανε τη βοήθεια του πατέρα του, και β) το κέρδος του από την κατασκευή και την τοποθέτηση επίπλων, όπως προέκυπτε από τα προσκομιζόμενα εκκαθαριστικά σημειώματα, αποτελούσε αμοιβή του σωματικού του μόχθου και κόπου και όχι κερδοσκοπικής δραστηριότητας. Οπότε η

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS απόφαση έκρινε ότι παρέλκει τοUniversity, θέμα τηςGraduate διερεύνησης του Harvard School of χρόνου Design, παύσης Student, George-Sp. C. της ATHANASSOPOULOS των πληρωμών του σε σχέση με By το Mr. χρόνο παύσεως λειτουργίας της Architect of theπροβάλλοντας School of Architecture επιχείρησής του. Να σημειωθεί ότι οι Student καθ’ ων τον Technical University of Crete ισχυρισμό περί πτωχευτικής ικανότητας του αιτούντος, έκαναν λόγο και για1.λήψη, μεταξύ άλλων, και επαγγελματικών δανείων από μέρους του, το Introductory approach: Defining the concept οποίο η απόφαση σχολίασε, αλλά όμως δεν έδωσε βαρύτητα και 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, σχημάτισε την κρίση περί μικρεμπορίας. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, ο αιτών έλαβε ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the δυο επαγγελματικά δάνεια προκειμένου να προβεί στην αγορά among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the επαγγελματικού αυτοκινήτου γιαtheτη των επίπλων πουterm θα acquisition of knowledge starts with the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition aμεταφορά first, if of not final, approach, the 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated aνα first, if (in notthe final, approach, the της term τοποθετούσε (το urban 2005) αλλά και για ενισχύσει τους (and gentrification) is area ofσκοπούς Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification επιχείρησής του (το 2010). Το δε αυτώνfrom τωνthis, δανείων που Sociology as well), as the “refining” of μεγαλύτερο a city area, theεξremoval (in various Sociology as well), as the of 65.000 a city area, the removal fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of groups, usually ofτων low-income and theκαι placement έλαβε τοsocial 2010 άγγιζε το“refining” ποσό ευρώ του χορηγήθηκε διότι ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the of art galleries, restaurants, However “change”, of τα operation ακαθάριστα εισοδήματα από την etc. εργασία τουthis ήταν υψηλάregardless και βάσει the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land (and theof των προσκομιζόμενων εκκαθαριστικών σημειωμάτων τωνprices οικονομικών whatever otherspeculation). has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative ετών 2008, 2009consequences και 2010 ανέρχονταν στο ποσό των 68.726 ευρώ, 58.997 potential relative speculation).

Theκαι term33.166 gentrification is found at first theκαθαρά UK in early 1960s το andποσό it refers to ευρώ ευρώ αντίστοιχα, ταinδε άγγιζαν των The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor 10.000 ευρώ περίπου. the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof 28: Η εκκαλούσα από το 2000 μέχρι το 2010 ΜΠρΚαλαμ 61/2016 London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. μίσθωνε περίπτερο στην πόλη της is Μεσσήνης.

A description of this phenomenon included inΚρίθηκε the workμικρέμπορος of Sociologistδιότι: Ruth A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth α) δεν απασχολούσε προσωπικό αλλά εργαζόταν μόνη της επί ώρες την GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in14 other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major ημέρα. β) Τα καθαρά ημερήσια της ήταν 50 ευρώ. Ουσιαστικά αυτό cities in Western countries, by otherέσοδά Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue την has scholars for its more το ποσό αποτελούσε αμοιβή της several προσωπικής τηςand εργασίας, ως Since της then, the issue has several scholars andthe forαπό its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, various απότοκο σωματικής της καταπόνησης και δεν ήτανfrom κέρδος την comprehensive approach are being summarized from εξοπλισμό, the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: εκμετάλλευση οργανωμένης επιχείρησης με ιδιαίτερο interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups εγκαταστάσεις και προσωπικό. to “return” to the city, leaving29the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money ΕιρΚουφαλ 3/2015 : Ο αιτών εργαζόταν ως ηλεκτρολόγος, και and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the ειδικότερα αφενός παρείχε ηλεκτρολογικές υπηρεσίες υπηρεσίες 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth και GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 πωλούσε she publishedηλεκτρολογικό an important studyυλικό, entitled: ηλεκτρολογικών μελετών, αφετέρου services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for δραστηριότητα οποία διέκοψε τον Οκτώβριο του back 2012. Κρίθηκε lower living cost of,την “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying 27 are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. her work ΤΝΠΝ. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 28 ΤΝΠΝ.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 29

78

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

μικρέμπορος διότι το κέρδος του αποτελούσε περισσότερο αμοιβή του σωματικού του κόπου παρά προϊόν κερδοσκοπικής δράσης με συνεκτίμηση των κάτωθι στοιχείων: α) δεν είχε προβεί σε σημαντική επένδυση κεφαλαίου για τον εξοπλισμό της επιχείρησής του, όπως αποδείχθηκε από τα προσκομιζόμενα έντυπα Ε3 για τα έτη 2009-2012, β) η οικία του ήταν η έδρα της επιχείρησής του, γ) δεν απασχολούσε προσωπικό πλην ενός εξαμήνου,Byκατά το οποίο C. πραγματοποιήθηκε η Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS πρακτική άσκηση φοιτητή του University, ΤμήματοςGraduate Ηλεκτρολογίας ΤΕΙ Κρήτης, Harvard School ofτου Design, Student, George-Sp.τοC.ποσό ATHANASSOPOULOS και δ) τα ακαθάριστα έσοδά του By δενMr.ξεπέρασαν των 18.601,60 Architect Student of the School of Architecture ευρώ ετησίως.

Technical University of Crete ΕιρΘάσου 58/201530: Ο αιτών είναι μεταφορέας και εκτελεί εθνικές οδικές μεταφορές με φορτηγό 1. Introductory approach: Defining δημοσίας the conceptχρήσης, ιδιοκτησίας του.

1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept Θεωρήθηκε μικρέμπορος διότι: α) τα καθαρά κέρδη χαμηλά και ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 του BC -είναι 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), φθάνουν μέχρι 9.740 ευρώheετησίως, ταestablished δε ακαθάριστα δεν“principle”: ξεπέρασαν the το among other wise heritage left us, he a great among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a great the ποσό των 35.023,86 ευρώ ετησίως, β) δεν απασχολεί προσωπικό acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content of“principle”: concepts.αλλά acquisition of knowledge starts with theηindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, theστην term εκτελεί ο therefore, ίδιος τις μεταφορές, και γ) μοναδική επένδυση κεφαλαίου 1 (and urban Based, therefore, “principle” inindicated a first, if του, notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is (in of Planning) (or gentrification οποία προέβη ήτανonηthis αγορά του φορτηγού ηarea αξία του οποίου 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various αποτιμήθηκε σε 13.000 ευρώ.

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement 31: Ο αιτών διατηρεί στην περιοχή τηςof Νέας ΕιρΑθ 1182/2015 ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Σμύρνης της Αθήνας κουρείο. Κρίθηκε μικρέμπορος χωρίς ιδιαίτερη the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof αιτιολογία λόγωspeculation). των πολύ χαμηλών εισοδημάτων του.of land prices (and the whatever other consequences has, results also rising potential relative 32 potential relative speculation). : Οatαιτών διατηρεί από 1960s το 2008 83/2014 TheΕιρΑμαλιαδ term gentrification is found first in the UK in early and itατομική refers to The term gentrification iswealthy found at first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of people to buy property in poor επιχείρηση υπηρεσιών πλύσης οχημάτων και παρομοίων υπηρεσιών. the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof Κρίθηκε μικρέμπορος διότι: α) δεν απασχολεί προσωπικό, β) δεν έχει London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. προβεί σε σημαντική επένδυση κεφαλαίου για να λειτουργήσει την being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description this phenomenon is included in ηthe work of Sociologistαξίας Ruth επιχείρηση του of αυτή, ούτε θεωρήθηκε τέτοια χρήση εξοπλισμού A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major 25.525 ευρώ που παραδόθηκε σε αυτόν δυνάμει σύμβασης GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other χρηματοδοτικής μίσθωσης μίαResearchers. από τις πιστώτριές του, και γ) ασκεί τη cities in Western countries, byμε other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more δραστηριότητά του κατάστημα που εν scholars τοις πράγμασι του Since then, the issueσεhas several andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from παραχωρήθηκε δωρεάν χωρίς να καταβάλλει μίσθωμα, ενώ το ιδιωτικό comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: συμφωνητικό με is τηdue μητέρα και of την αδελφή τουofαποδείχθηκε interpretations of the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, theμίσθωσης phenomenon togentrification, a trend a new social groups εικονικό. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money 33: Ο αιτών and time to travel84/2014 from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the από 21-01-2000 διατηρούσε ατομική ΕιρΠολυκ 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS was born in sense of safety the distributed outside town centres, better επιχείρηση μεatαντικείμενο τοresidencies λιανικό εμπόριο (super market) με for έμφαση Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) στο εμπόριο τροφίμων σε entertainment μισθωμένο χώρο στην Ποντοηράκλεια Κιλκίς.for Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and 30 University College London, where she her social research. brokers Her public action and ΤΝΠΝ. Βλ. of όμοια περίπτωση σε continued ΕιρΛαρ 67/2015, ΤΝΠΝ. long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying 31 are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. her work ΤΝΠΝ. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 32 ΤΝΠΝ, με σχόλιο Κυριόπουλου Δ. μετά το κείμενο της απόφασης.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 33 ΤΝΠΝ.

252179 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Τα ετήσια ακαθάριστα έσοδά του το 2010 ανήλθαν στο ποσό των 178.083,09 ευρώ, ενώ τα καθαρά στο ποσό των 3.365,87 ευρώ. Στις 0504-2012 ο αιτών προχώρησε σε επέκταση - προσθήκη της ως άνω δραστηριότητάς του και στην εμπορία οικοδομήσιμων υλικών (τούβλων και τσιμέντων), χωρίς να απαιτηθεί νέα έναρξη εργασιών, διατηρώντας τον ίδιο αριθμό φορολογικού μητρώου και λειτουργώντας την ίδια ταμειακή μηχανή. Η ως άνω δραστηριότητα ασκείτοC.στον προαύλιο χώρο

By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS της πατρικής οικίας τουHarvard στην Ποντοηράκλεια Κιλκίς, τη χρήση του Student, οποίου University, Graduate School of Design, Mr. οικονομικού George-Sp. C.ανταλλάγματος.

ATHANASSOPOULOS είχε παραχωρήσει ο πατέρας του By άνευ Στις Architect Student of the Schoolτων of Architecture 26-09-2013 ο αιτών υπέβαλε δήλωση διακοπής εργασιών ως άνω Technicalα) University of Crete δραστηριοτήτων. Κρίθηκε μικρέμπορος διότι: εργαζόταν αυτοπροσώπως την περιστασιακή 1. Introductoryμε approach: Defining theσυνδρομή concept της συζύγου του, β) δεν διέθετε μηχανικές ή άλλες εγκαταστάσεις και γ) ειδικά για τη δεύτερη 1. Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), δραστηριότητά του δεν χρειάστηκε πληρώνει αντίτιμο μίσθωση ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -για 370τη BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us,να he established a great “principle”: the της εγκατάστασής του. Να σημειωθεί ότι το δικαστήριο δεν έδωσε among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. βαρύτητα στα ετήσια εισοδήματα, ταthe οποία το 2010 ανήλθαν acquisition of knowledge starts with the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on ακαθάριστα this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, term στο Based, αξιόλογο ποσό των 178.083,09 ευρώ, αλλά στα καθαρά πουthe μόλις urban gentrification) the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification άγγιζαν το ποσό των δεν μετέβαλε την Sociology as well), as the 3.365,87 “refining”ευρώ. of a cityΕπιπλέον, area, the removal from this, (inάποψή various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityότι area, the fromthere this,με (inμία various ways), of social groups, usually of γεγονός low-income and theremoval placement of artists, του περί μικρεμπορίας από το ο αιτών είχε συνάψει εκ ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the of artσύμβαση galleries, restaurants, Howeverλογαριασμό this “change”,προκειμένου regardless of τωνoperation πιστωτριών πίστωσης etc. με ανοικτό theχρηματοδοτήσει operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However “change”, regardless whatever other has, results rising ofσκεπτικό land prices (and να τη νέα του δραστηριότητα, με this το ότι μόνοthe ηof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative κατάρτιση της speculation). σύμβασης αυτής, ή και επιχειρηματικών δανείων, δεν potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification καθιστά αυτόν έμπορο. is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend34ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Ο wealthy αιτών sometimes είναι τουold είναι ΕιρΚοζ 95/2013 the then observed trend peopleοδηγός to there buy ταξί, property inοποίου poor areas London, upgrade them, stay: of themselves and thus residents areof συνιδιοκτήτης κατά ποσοστό 50% εξ sometimes αδιαιρέτου, το δε ποσοστό London, upgrade them, stay themselves there andυπόλοιπο thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

50% εξ αδιαιρέτου ανήκει στον αδελφό του. Κρίθηκε μικρέμπορος διότι το A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this από phenomenon is situations included the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth κέρδος που τηνsimilar άσκηση της εν in λόγω δραστηριότητας (900 GLASS at theαποκομίζει same while were in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major ευρώinανά μήνα) αποτελεί περισσότερο cities Western countries, by other Researchers.αμοιβή του σωματικού και cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has scholars and for its more πνευματικού του μόχθου και όχι several αποτέλεσμα κερδοσκοπικών Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach being summarized from συνδυασμών. Στη μείζοναareσκέψη της απόφασης αναφέρεται, μεταξύ comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon the following: άλλων, ότι σύμφωνα με την of υπ’gentrification, αριθμ. 90/2008 γνωμοδότηση της interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups Ολομέλειας του Νομικού Συμβουλίου του Κράτους, οι ιδιοκτήτες ταξί to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money (φυσικά πρόσωπα), οι οποίοι ασκούν μεμονωμένα το επάγγελμά τους, δεν and time to travel from the purlieus downtown, where work place is,ηlack of the έχουν υποχρέωση εγγραφής σταtoοικεία επιμελητήρια, καθόσον εργασία termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, τους άσκηση επιχείρησης υπό έννοια της αμοιβής της Berlin,αποτελεί where she made her first studies. In 1932 she την published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and after continuous σωματικής τους καταπόνησης και private όχι της ριψοκίνδυνης κερδοσκοπικής lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, διαμεσολάβησης, γεγονός που δεν τους προσδίδει την εμπορική ιδιότητα. in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 34

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

β. Αποφάσεις που απέρριψαν τον ισχυρισμό μικροεμπορίας ΜΠρΛαμ 30/201835: Η εκκαλούσα διατηρούσε ατομική επιχείρηση πώλησης υγρών καυσίμων. Κρίθηκε ότι δεν είχε την ιδιότητα της μικρεμπόρου για τους κάτωθι λόγους: α) Η κατ’ επάγγελμα μετερχόμενη από αυτήν αγορά υγρών καυσίμων προς μεταπώληση, δεν γινόταν με εγκατάσταση σε κάποιο μικρό χώρο και χειρωνακτικά (π.χ. από υγρά καύσιμα αποθηκευμένα σε βαρέλια με χρήση κανίστρων και χωνιών By και Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, για τη διάθεση στους πελάτες), αλλά από οργανωμένο πρατήριο υγρών By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect καυσίμων, στεγαζόμενο σε κυρίως χώρο καταστήματος 105 τ.μ., με Student of the School of Architecture τέσσερις (4) αντλίες και με συνολικά πέντε (5) δεξαμενές καυσίμων, Technical University of Crete συνολικής χωρητικότητας 40 κ.μ., και υποστηριζόμενο από υπόστεγο (πλυντήριο - λιπαντήριο βουλκανιζατέρ) 1. Introductory approach: -Defining the concept150 τ.μ., περιστάσεις που 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 υποδηλώνουν ανάληψη εμπορικού κινδύνου, με σημαντική επένδυση ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, κεφαλαίου, έκταση καιheδομή λειτουργίας που aπαραπέμπει σε Athens), πλήρη among otherσε wise heritage left us, he established great “principle”: the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he σκοπό established a greatβ) the ανάπτυξη εμπορικής δραστηριότητας με Είχε συνάψει acquisition of knowledge startshe with ofτο theκέρδος. content of“principle”: concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with the the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term σύμβαση περί αποκλειστικής συνεργασίας για προμήθεια υγρών 1 (and urban Based, από therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, term gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification καυσίμων μία εταιρία εκ των πιστωτών της, διάρκειας οκτώ (8)the ετών, 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various με σκοπό τη διάθεσή τους στο καταναλωτικό κοινό, με ετήσιους Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andλίτρων theremoval placement ελάχιστους στόχους μεταπώλησης 350.000 πετρελαίου κίνησης, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of artπετρελαίου galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of 550.000 λίτρων θέρμανσης και 400.000 λίτρων βενζίνης. γ) the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the Είχε αξιόλογο κύκλο εργασιών has, καθότι αποδείχθηκε ότι προέβη σε (and ετησία whatever other consequences results also rising of land prices the potential relative speculation). προμήθεια υγρώνspeculation). καυσίμων συνολικής αξίας τουλάχιστον 80.000 ευρώ. potential relative The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Εν τέλει, η εκκαλούσα κρίθηκε έμπορος και1960s δεν υπήχθη στις The term gentrification found«κανονική» atpeople first in the UK in early and itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto διατάξεις του Ν.

3869/2010 διότι ενόσω διατηρούσε την εμπορική the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof ιδιότητα περιήλθε σεstay παύση πληρωμών καιthere συνακόλουθα είχε την London, upgrade them, themselves sometimes and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. πτωχευτική ικανότητα.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS the same similar other major 36: Η while αναιρεσείουσα διατηρούσε ατομικήininεπιχείρηση ΑΠatat803/2017 GLASS the same period, while similar situations were recorded other major cities inμπαρ Western countries, by Καρδίτσας. other Researchers. καφέ στην πόλη της Ο Άρειος Πάγος επανέλαβε τα όσα cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more δέχθηκε Εφετείο και έκρινε ότι η αναιρεσείουσα δεν είχε την Sinceτο then, the issue has several below, scholars and forιδιότητα its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from the various της μικρεμπόρου διότι: α) είχε μισθώσει κατάστημα για να ασκήσει τη comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: δραστηριότητά της, β) απασχολούσε υπαλλήλους και γ) είχε προβεί στη interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups σύναψη, μεταξύ άλλων, και σύμβασης ανοιχτής πίστωσης πιστωτικό to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: highμε costs in money ίδρυμα, σύμβαση που σημειωτέον αναιρεί τα υποστηριζόμενα and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack ofπερί the άσκησης μικρεμπορίας, κατά την οιtown ασκούντες αυτήfor (όπως 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth οποία GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS was born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside centres, better Berlin, whereμικροπωλητές, she made her first πλανόδιος studies. In 1932 she published an entitled: πλανόδιοι λαχειοπώλης, έχουν κριθεί τα services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart ως ofimportant the city”,study (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. επαγγέλματα των μικρεμπόρων από θεωρία και νομολογία), δεν studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the toστη another approach, the is due a systematic and καταφεύγουν σύναψη τέτοιων συμβάσεων πίστωσης. Εξάλλου, το University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 35 ΤΝΠΝ.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Εφετείο είχε δεχθεί επιπλέον ότι για τις στεγαστικές συμβάσεις, στην εκπλήρωση των οποίων επίσης δεν φάνηκε συνεπής η οφειλέτρια, ίσχυε το τεκμήριο της εμπορικότητας, σύμφωνα με το οποίο όλες οι συναλλαγές που γίνονται από τον έμπορο τεκμαίρεται ότι γίνονται χάριν της εμπορίας του, δεδομένου μάλιστα ότι η οφειλέτρια δεν ανέτρεψε (ούτε και επιχείρησε άλλωστε) το τεκμήριο εμπορικότητας που κατέλαβε έτσι και τις συμβάσεις αυτές.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS

University, Graduate School of Design, Student, : Ο εκκαλών είναι επαγγελματίας πωλητής σε ΜΠρΘεσ 9/201637Harvard

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect λαϊκές αγορές και συγκεκριμένα διαθέτει Student σε διάφορες λαϊκές αγορές της of the School of Architecture Θεσσαλονίκης επί πέντε ημέρες κάθε εβδομάδα γαλακτοκομικά και Technical University of Crete τυροκομικά προϊόντα, καθώς και αλλαντικά είδη, τα οποία δεν παράγει 1. Introductory concept αλλά απλώς ταapproach: αγοράζειDefining και ταtheμεταπωλεί. Κρίθηκε έμπορος με 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient στοιχείων: Greek philosopher, (444 BC ένα - 370αυτοκίνητο BC, Athens), συνεκτίμηση των κατωτέρων α) Ότι διαθέτει – ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other he left us, β) he established a great the ψυγείο για wise τις heritage μεταφορές του. Ότι από (444 τη φορολογική αρχή among other wiseως heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with the content concepts. που αντιμετωπίζεται έμπορος, καθώς στα ofφορολογικά έντυπα, acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term υποβάλλει και δη στη δήλωση φορολογίας εισοδήματος (Ε1), το εισόδημα 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification του χαρακτηρίζεται ως εισόδημα isαπό εμπορικές επιχειρήσεις, ενώ 1 (and urban gentrification gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various υποβάλλει και asμηχανογραφικό δελτίο οικονομικών στοιχείων Sociology as well), the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, επιχειρήσεων και επιτηδευματιών (Ε3), όπου έσοδα του καταχωρίζοways), of social groups, usually of low-income andτα thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of νται ως έσοδα εμπορίας και μεταποίησης. γ) Ότι δαπανά μεγάλα the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof χρηματικά ποσάspeculation). για αγορά των ανωτέρω (γαλακτοκομικών) προϊόντων whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative (έως και 93.338,74 ευρώ), τα οποία εν συνεχεία μεταπωλεί και αποκομίζει potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto ακαθάριστα ετήσια έσοδα μέχρι at και 128.727,69 ευρώ. δ)inΌτι προσδοκά the then observed trend ofiswealthy people to buy property poor the then observed wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor μεγάλα κέρδη, τα trend οποία ανέρχονται ενίοτε μέχρι το ποσόareas των London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and και thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stayε)themselves sometimes there and thus residents are 31.485,70 ευρώ ετησίως. Ότι στοχεύει στην επέκταση τουold κέρδους του being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. description of this phenomenon is included in the workδανεισμό of Sociologist Ruth με A επένδυση κεφαλαίου προερχόμενου από τραπεζικό (έφτανε A description ofperiod, this is included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the while similar situations in major μέχρι και το same ποσό τωνphenomenon 34.611,55 ευρώ), συνεργαζόμενος μεother διάφορες GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western byτην other Researchers. τράπεζες και όχιcountries, απλώς με αύξηση του προσωπικού του μόχθου. ε) Ότι cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has scholarsσε and for its more ο εκκαλών επί χρόνια ήταν μεταπωλητής several εμπορευμάτων λαϊκές αγορές Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from με σκοπό το κέρδος, η δεare μακροχρόνια ενασχόληση αποτελεί comprehensive approach being summarized below, from the επίσης various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: στοιχείο που συνηγορεί υπέρ σταθερού επαγγελματία μεταπωλητή και όχι interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups βιοπαλαιστή που μετέρχεται ευκαιριακά διάφορα επαγγέλματα, to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money προκειμένου να επιβιώσει. Στο τέλος η απόφαση προβαίνει στην ορθή and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the επισήμανση τοdistributed πιθανό ύψους τουGLASS, κέρδους ή τοcentres, ενδεχόμενο τηςin 1.of The termότι from Sociologist Ruth 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASSύψος wasbetter born sense safety atcomes the residencies outside town for Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932στοιχεία she published an καθιστούν important study entitled: ζημίας, δεν αποτελούν τα μοναδικά που κάποιο services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for πρόσωπο «έμπορο» ή «μικρέμπορο», καθώς η ζημία αποτελεί σύμφυτο lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, στοιχείο καιpublished του εμπορικού δικαίου, δεδομένου οtoέμπορος δύναται in According 1943 she studies regarding city planning. Inότι 1950 she became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon isκαι due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 37 ΕλλΔνη 2016, σελ.

550 με παρατηρήσεις Κρητικού Αθ. (σελ.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

εξαιτίας ανεπιτυχούς δραστηριότητας να περιπέσει σταδιακά σε ζημιογόνες χρήσεις και να περιέλθει εν τέλει σε κατάσταση παύσης πληρωμών, ήτοι μη εξυπηρέτησης των οικονομικών του υποχρεώσεων. Γι’ αυτό, εξάλλου, υφίσταται και ο θεσμός της πτώχευσης ως συλλογικής διαδικασίας ικανοποίησης των πιστωτών.

ΕιρΔύμης 32/201638: Η αιτούσα προέβη στη «μεταβίβαση» της

By Mr. George-Sp.να C.έχει ATHANASOPOULOS επιχείρησής της στη μητέρα της αλλά εξακολουθεί εισοδήματα από Harvard University, Graduate School ofεμφανίζεται Design, Student, αυτή, διότι την διατηρεί ως «κρυπτόμενος» έμπορος, αφού ως

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect υπεύθυνη του καταστήματος σε ιστοσελίδες στο διαδίκτυο, προκειμένου, Student of the School of Architecture να υπαχθεί στις ευνοϊκές διατάξεις του Ν. 3869/2010, συνεπώς, η κρυφή Technical University of Crete εμπορία της κρίθηκε μεμπτή και είχε σκοπό την καταστρατήγηση του 1. Introductory approach: conceptδεν μπορούσε να κριθεί νόμου. Να σημειωθεί δεDefining ότι η the αιτούσα 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek (444 BC -επιχείρηση 370 BC, Athens), «κρυπτόμενη» μικρέμπορος διότι:philosopher, α)concept διατηρούσε και ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among otherειδικότερα wise heritage us, he established a(καφέ, great the ασχολείτο με he τηνleftαγορά προϊόντων(444 τσιγάρα, είδη among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. ζαχαροπλαστικής, ηλεκτρικό εξοπλισμό και μηχανήματα), τα οποία acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term μεταπωλούσε με σκοπό το κέρδος στους πελάτες του καταστήματος κατά 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area ofοικονομικών Planning) (or gentrification σύνηθες επάγγελμα, συμμετέχοντας έτσι στην κυκλοφορία 1 (and urban gentrification gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various αγαθών μεasστοιχεία κινδύνου και αβεβαιότητας με σκοπό την επίτευξη Sociology well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, κέρδους. β) Ηgroups, επιχείρησή ήταν οργανωμένη καθότι μίσθωνε ways), of social usually ofτης low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of κατάστημα που έδρευε σε κεντρικό σημείο της πόλης της Αχαΐας the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (andαντί theof μηνιαίου μισθώματος περί τα 323,36 ευρώ, ενώ παλαιότερα μίσθωνε whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (andκαι the potential relative δεύτερο κατάστημα αντί μηνιαίου μισθώματος περί τα 1.000 ευρώ. γ) potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first από in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers Διέθετε προσωπικό όπως μηχανογραφικά δελτία Ε3. the then observed trend ofisαποδείχθηκε wealthy toτα buy property in poor ofto the then observed trend wealthy people buy αδύνατο property in παρέχει poor areas Εξάλλου, κρίθηκε ευλόγως ότι η αιτούσα θαtoήταν την London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus να old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and thus old residentsδ) are προσωπική της εργασία και στα sometimes δύο καταστήματα ταυτόχρονα. being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of thisκύκλο phenomenon is included in the μέχρι work of Sociologist Παρουσίαζε μεγάλο εργασιών που έφθανε και το ποσό Ruth των A description ofperiod, this is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the ευρώ. same whileεπενδύσει similar in other major 207.926,30 ε) phenomenon Είχε σημαντικό κεφάλαιο, αφενός GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Westernδάνειο countries, by other Researchers. λαμβάνοντας ύψους 17.634,68 ευρώ από πιστωτικό ίδρυμα, cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and forαπαιτείτο its more αφετέρου δαπανώντας ποσό περί τα 45.000 - 50.000 ευρώ, που Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from για την αγορά του franchise της εταιρίας καφέbelow, που επέλεξε, για τη comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: διαμόρφωση, την the επίπλωση και τον εξοπλισμό κάθε καταστήματός της. interpretations phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 3. Κριτικές επισημάνσεις termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, ζήτημα της μη της εμπορικής ιδιότητας είναι Berlin,Το where she made herαπόκτησης first studies. Inή1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment.

The πραγματικό. same year she leftΟGermany and after continuous περισσότερο ζήτημα οφειλέτης μπορεί να καταθέσει lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, αίτηση υπαγωγής «στα υπερχρεωμένα» και In αυτή να ευδοκιμήσει, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

1950 sheto became teacher εάν in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College London, where she continued her social research.

Her public and επικαλεστεί και ofαποδείξει ο ίδιος ότιgroups, η δραστηριότητά τουbrokers αυτή αποτελεί long-term effort by organized manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 38 ΤΝΠΝ.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

84

προϊόν μικροεμπορίας. Πρέπει, συνεπώς, να επικαλεστεί και να αποδείξει ότι αν και προέβη στη διενέργεια πράξεων, οι οποίες κατά το ΒΔ της 2/14.05.1835 «Περί αρμοδιότητας εμποροδικείων» είναι εμπορικές, δεν ασκήθηκαν με τέτοια ένταση και σε τέτοιο βαθμό που να κατέτειναν στην ανάληψη κινδύνων (επιχειρηματικού ρίσκου) προς απόκτηση κέρδους, αλλά αποτέλεσαν προϊόν προσωπικής καταπόνησης έναντι αμοιβής, δηλαδή αντάλλαγμα έναντι παρασχεθείσας εργασίας και όχι απόληψη

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS κέρδους από επένδυση κεφαλαίου.

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Παραπέρα, από τα νομολογιακά παραδείγματα καταδείχθηκε ότι Student of the School of Architecture στο πλαίσιο του Ν. 3869/2010 η έννοια του μικρεμπόρου διευρύνθηκε Technical University of Crete αρκετά και αυτό έγινε πολλές φορές και από λόγους επιείκειας αφού λήφθηκε υπόψηapproach: και τοDefining αδιαμφισβήτητο 1. Introductory the concept γεγονός της δύσκολης 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept οικονομικής συγκυρίας που διανύει η χώρα μας. εξAthens), αυτών ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444ΣεBCκάποιες - 370 BC, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), πάντωςother δεν υπάρχει καμία he αιτιολογία για την αποδοχή του “principle”: ισχυρισμού της among wise heritage left us, he established a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a great the μικροεμπορίας. Τον δέχονται, δηλαδή, χωρίς υπεισέρχονται acquisition of knowledge startshe with of theνα content of“principle”: concepts. σε acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term ιδιαίτερη ανάλυση, πιθανότατα γιατί δεν τέθηκε ιδιαίτερη αμφισβήτηση 1 (and urban Based, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notτονίζεται final, approach, the term gentrification) is the area ofότι Planning) (or gentrification και από τηνtherefore, πλευρά των πιστωτών. Σχεδόν σε όλες το κέρδος 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various από την εμπορική δραστηριότητα θα πρέπει να είναι αποτέλεσμα της Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, this, of (inartists, ways), of social groups, usually low-income andthe theremoval placement there σωματικής καταπόνησης τουofοφειλέτη, έτσι ώστε αν δεfrom δούλευε ο various ίδιος ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless of δεν θα του απέμεινε κανένα εισόδημα. Γι’ αυτό και η μη απασχόληση the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this “change”, regardless of whatever other has, results rising of land prices (and the προσωπικού αξιολογείται θετικά. Οι περισσότερες αποφάσεις δέχονται whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). μικρεμπορία ότανspeculation). υφίσταται μέχρι ένας υπάλληλος, ο οποίος συνήθως θα potential relative The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to προέρχεται από το οικογενειακό περιβάλλον γονέας, τέκνα).

The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK(σύζυγος, in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Επίσης, υπογραμμίζεται ότι για να θεωρηθεί κάποιος μικρέμπορος δεν the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof πρέπει να έχει“squeezed”. ηthem, δραστηριότητά τέτοια there έκταση και old τέτοια δομή London, upgrade stay themselvesτου sometimes and thus residents are being indirectly being indirectly “squeezed”. λειτουργίας που να παραπέμπει σε εμπορική δραστηριότητα. Στοιχεία δε A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth description ofperiod, this phenomenon included inwere the work Sociologist Ruth πουAαξιολογούνται προς αυτήν την isκατεύθυνση είναι τα of εξής: α) Ναmajor μην GLASS at the same while similar situations recorded in other GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major υπάρχει επαγγελματική εγκατάσταση ή αν υφίσταται να πρόκειται για cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue χώρο has several scholars andεμφανίζονται for its more ιδιόκτητο ή μισθωμένο με περιορισμένη έκταση. β) Να Since then, the issue has several scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from the χαμηλά εισοδήματα (να κερδίζει απλώς «τα προς below, το ζην»). Συχνά δίνεται comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: βαρύτητα σταofκαθαρά κέρδη και όχι στα ακαθάριστα, τα οποία various ενίοτε interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend a new groups μπορεί να είναι αρκετά υψηλά. Ωστόσο, σεofαυτό το σημείοofθαsocial πρέπει να to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money τονιστεί ότι ορθά κάποιες αποφάσεις αναφέρουν ότι τα χαμηλά κέρδη ή and time to travelκαι fromηtheζημία purlieusκάποιων to downtown, where workαποτελεί place is, lack of the ενδεχομένως ετών δεν ένδειξη termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, μικρεμπορίας, ότι και οIn«κανονικός» έμπορος δύναται εξαιτίας Berlin, where sheδεδομένου made her first studies.

1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment.

The same year she Germany and after continuous ανεπιτυχούς δραστηριότητας να left περιπέσει σταδιακά σε ζημιογόνες lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, χρήσεις καιpublished να εν τέλειthe σε κατάσταση παύσης πληρωμών, in According 1943 she studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacherήτοι in the to περιέλθει another approach, is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research.

Her public and μη εξυπηρέτησης των του υποχρεώσεων. Γι’brokers αυτό, άλλωστε, long-term informal effortοικονομικών by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. υφίσταται και ο θεσμός της πτώχευσηςinitially ωςWIKIPEDIA: συλλογικής διαδικασίας and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

The Free Encyclopedia: ικανοποίησης των πιστωτών. γ) Να μην υπάρχει μακροχρόνια ενασχόληση G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification με τη συγκεκριμένη δραστηριότητα αλλά περιστασιακή, που ουσιαστικά Concerns

«δείχνει» έναν βιοπαλαιστή που μετέρχεται ευκαιριακά διάφορα επαγγέλματα, προκειμένου να επιβιώσει. δ) Να μην εμφανίζονται οι

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS λειτουργικές δαπάνες ιδιαίτερα αυξημένες. ε) Η έκταση του επενδυμένου Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, κεφαλαίου να είναι σχετικά μικρή.By ΣεMr. αυτό το σημείο και George-Sp. C. συναξιολογείται ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect η προέλευση του συγκεκριμένου κεφαλαίου από πιστωτικά ιδρύματα και Student of the School of Architecture το είδος των τραπεζικών συμβάσεων διότιTechnical κάποιες εξ αυτών University of Crete προσιδιάζουν σε εμπόρους και όχι σε μικρεμπόρους.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ο αιτών για να αποδείξει τον ισχυρισμό περί 1. Συνακόλουθα, Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), μικρεμπορίας δεν αρκεί να επικαλεστεί δικαστικές αποφάσεις ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370που BC,έκριναν Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the ως μικρεμπόρους επαγγελματίες με συναφές ή και απολύτως όμοιο among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. αντικείμενο θαthis πρέπει ναtheεισφέρει δίκη, μεταξύ άλλων, acquisition ofαλλά knowledge starts with of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on “principle” indefinition a first, ifστη not final, approach, the term 1έντυπα φορολογικά (Ε1,this Ε3“principle” και εκκαθαριστικά), καιthe μάλιστα μόνο Based, therefore, on inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, theτων term (and urban gentrification) is area ofόχι Planning) (or gentrification 1 gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in the area of Planning) (or τελευταίων ετών και προηγούμενων ετών προ της κρίσεως, τα Sociology as well), asαλλά the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal from this, (inαπό various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various οποία το δικαστήριο θα μπορεί να συνάγει την απασχόληση ή μη ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, of καθαρά low-income and the placement of artists, προσωπικού, μικτάusually και τα κέρδη αλλά και το there πλήθος των the operation ofτα art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results alsoναrising of land prices (and theof αγοραπωλησιών. Πέραν αυτών, μπορεί προσκομίσει βεβαιώσεις whatever consequences has, results also rising of land (andθα the potential relative speculation). έναρξης καιother διακοπής εργασιών από την αρμόδια ΔΟΥ, από prices τις οποίες potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in δραστηριοτήτων the UK in early 1960s it refers to εξακριβώνεται επακριβώς το εύρος των καιand η σύντομη ή The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor μακροχρόνια διάρκειά τους. the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. ΙΙΙ. ΕΠΙΛΟΓΟΣ A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the while similar situations in otherη major Από τηνsame έναρξη εφαρμογής τουisΝ.

3869/2010 παρατηρήθηκε τάση GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. να καταθέτουν αίτηση υπαγωγής για τη διευθέτηση των οφειλών τους cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars for its more στα Since Ειρηνοδικεία πολυάριθμα φυσικά πρόσωπα που and ενώ είχαν την then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from various εμπορική ιδιότητα, προέβαλλαν τον ισχυρισμόbelow, περί from μικροεμπορίας, comprehensive approach are being summarized the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: δείχνοντας σαφώς μία προτίμηση της συγκεκριμένης διαδικασίας έναντι interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups της ανάλογης που ακολουθείται από το πτωχευτικό δίκαιο. Έτσι, σχετικά to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money σύντομα πληθώρα σεwork πολλές and time toεκδόθηκαν travel from the purlieusαποφάσεων to downtown,που where placeπεριπτώσεις is, lack of the διεύρυναν τη μέχρι τότε διαμορφωθείσα από τη θεωρία και τη νομολογία 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin, where she made her firstΤα studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: έννοια του μικρεμπόρου. πιθανά αίτια που ακόμη και πολίτες, που services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for διατηρούσαν την εμπορική ιδιότητα μεshe διενέργεια lower living costπροδήλως of, in “withdrawal” from private car access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and Neweasier York came to back toεμπορικών London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 she teacher the δραστηριοτήτων ευρείας κλίμακας, επιδίωξαν ενταχθούν στο in Ν. to another approach, the isναdue tobecame a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying 3869/2010 θα πρέπει πρωτίστως να αναζητηθούν στο γεγονός ότι ήδη her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in από το διάστημα της ψήφισης νόμου καλλιεργήθηκε στους 10th edit.χρονικό Wil. SONS AND Ltd. Londonτου 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aπολίτες varietyαλλά of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, (actually και στους νομικούς κύκλους η αίσθηση “voluntary”, ότι στα Ειρηνοδικεία

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

θα 1.διαγράφονται χρέη39. Οπότε φυσιολογικά Introductory approach: Defining the conceptπολλοί θεώρησαν σκόπιμο πριν αποταθούν στα Πρωτοδικεία κάνουν μία προσπάθεια να 1. Introductory approach: theναconcept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ενταχθούν 3869/2010 κυρίως προβάλλοντας τον-“principle”: ισχυρισμό ότι ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among otherστο wiseΝ.heritage he left us, he established a great the κατά τα τελευταία χρόνια της κρίσης ο κύκλος εργασιών τους ήταν among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the ελάχιστος και άρα on ήταν μικρέμποροι, που ως ήδη ελέχθη, σε acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, this “principle” aσκεπτικό, first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and δεν Based, therefore, onέγινε this “principle” inindicated aχωρίς first, if τη notthe final, approach, term γενικές γραμμές αποδεκτός συνδρομή και the άλλων urban gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification στοιχείων συνηγορούσαν υπέρ μικρής εμβέλειας Sociology as που well), as the “refining” of a cityμιας area, the removal from this,εμπορικής (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually ofη low-income and theπλειοψηφία placement there of δραστηριότητας. Βέβαια συντριπτική από την ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, of προαναφερθείσα κατηγορία αιτούντων αποσκοπούσε κατά regardless βάση artists, στη the operation art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has,αλλά results also of land prices (and theof διάσωση της ofκύριας κατοικίας και σεrising μίαthis ευνοϊκή μακροχρόνια whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative ρύθμιση αποπληρωμών που θα τους εξασφάλιζε ο Ν. 3869/2010. potential relative speculation).

The termόσοι gentrification is found first in the UK early 1960s and it refers to Επιπλέον, επιθυμούσαν να at συνεχίσουν τηνinεμπορική δραστηριότητά The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor τους ευλόγως θα συνεκτίμησαν το people μικρότερο ενδεχομένως the then observed trend wealthy to there buy property inστιγματισμό poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof τους στους εμπορικούς κύκλους. Όλα τα παραπάνω London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there andκαταδεικνύουν thus old residentsμε are being indirectly “squeezed”. σαφήνεια τη βαρύτητα που είχε από πολύ νωρίς ο προσδιορισμός των being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth κριτηρίων οριοθέτησης της του μικρεμπόρου, που στην A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same whileέννοιας similar inόμως other major πράξη ήταν αρκετά δύσκολο να προβλεφθούν με εξαντλητική λεπτομέρεια GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities Western countries, bypreoccupied other με τη inμορφή μίας λίστας βάσειResearchers. της οποίας θα ήταν όχι Since then, the issue has several κάποιος scholars and for its ήmore Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more μικρέμπορος. Τοapproach τελευταίοare δενbeing ήταν summarized απαραιτήτωςbelow, αρνητικό μεthe τηνvarious έννοια comprehensive from comprehensive approach areπεριθώρια being summarized from the και various ότι έτσι αφέθηκαν και κάποια στο δικαστή να αξιολογεί τις interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups ιδιαίτερες περιστάσεις της κάθε υπόθεσης. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin,39where she made her first studies.

In 1932της she διαδικασίας published an του important study entitled: Πρβλ. Βενιέρη Ι., Κριτική αποτίμηση Ν.

3869/2010 (τα services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for «υπερχρεωμένα νοικοκυριά) και της αναμόρφωσής της με το Ν.

4161/2013, σε Σύνδεσμο lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access to markets, etc. studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came ο back to London, where Πανελλήνιο Συνέδριο Ελλήνων Η αντιμετώπιση τηςphenomenon αφερεγγυότητας, 23 in According 1943 Εμπορικολόγων, she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College where she continued her social research.

Her public and Εμπορικού Δικαίου,of London, 2014, 318-321, όπου καταδεικνύει ότι ηbrokers αποπληρωμή των long-term effort σελ. by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her workεντός are characterized by a passion for justice. also: COLLINS DICTIONARY. οφειλών του Ν. 3869/2010 σε depreciation σύγκριση μεSee την πτώχευση δενENGLISH παρουσιάζει τελικά and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: τόσο μεγάλες αποκλίσεις.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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“What is theGENTRIFICATION business model of for innovation in your chosen Definition, Types Intervention, company? How can it be improved?” TESLA Inc. Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification

By Michael LEPTOS Concerns Student at Westminster University of London MSc Real Estate Department

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS

Introduction Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect We live in a world where technology has taken over our everyday lives, Student of the School of Architecture and most of the essential elements of our existence depend on it. The internet, Technical Universityhuman of Crete smartphones and electronic devices play a major role towards survival.

Thus, theapproach: global market andthe theconcept industries surrounding it operate 1. Introductory Defining upon1.the creation of products that work towards that goal, and due to the fastIntroductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), paced movement of consumer’s needs, organizations must rapidly evolve and ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the move accordingly that competition be overpassed.

With various among other wise so heritage leftthe us,definition hecan established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the strategies and techniques organizations are constantly looking for acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” aglobally first, if of not final, approach, the term ways to maintain their advantages and keep a healthy on-going momentum.

1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification Competition is1tight, and“refining” space forof success isindicated very gentrification (and urban gentrification) (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the a cityisarea, thelimited. removal (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various This paper will critically analyze successful business models of ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually low-income andwith thethis placement of artists, innovation and specifically the of one of Tesla Inc. the aim ofthere highlighting the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless their strengths weaknesseshas, to make room forrising recommendations whatever otherand consequences results also of land pricesregarding (and theof whatever other consequences alsoinrising of land prices (and the theoretical implementations thathas, can results be applied the "real world". potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Innovation the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay there themselves sometimes there andfor thusinnovation; old residents are Despite the fact that are over 40 definitions the being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. most complete is the one by Crossan and Apaydin and is as follows: A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A"Innovation description of this phenomenon included assimilation, inwere the recorded work ofand Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations inexploitation other major isperiod, the production orisadoption, GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities Western countries, other Researchers. of a in value-added noveltyby in economic and social spheres; renewal and cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied otherand Researchers.

Since then, issue has several scholars and for methods its more enlargement of the products, services, markets; development of new Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the of production; and the establishment of new management systems. It isvarious both a comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: process and anof outcome" (Edison, H., Ali, N.B. & Torkar, R., 2013). interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Innovation is an important factor for staying ahead of the competition to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and being successful within an industry. According to Johnson, D and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the organizations that dofrom not Sociologist endorse aRuth pro-innovation philosophy will struggle to termat comes GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, compete in an and she competitivean markets (Johnson, D., Berlin, where sheincreasingly made her firstaggressive studies. In 1932 entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at published the heart ofimportant the city”,study (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for 2001). lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Organizations such asregarding Tesla,the Amazon, andInApple are among the ones in According 1943 she published studies cityphenomenon planning.

1950 she teacher in the to another approach, is due tobecame a systematic and University College of London, where she continued socialthrough research.innovation Her public and that have managed to create a unique sellingher point within long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. their industry having, as afor result, aLtd. continuous path toofsuccess.

Brands like the and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., theCodepreciation initially part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: above have innovation as their primary philosophy enabling themselves to G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Apple, for example, was the first technological company to come up with Concerns the smartphone idea. As competitors were focusing on hardware, Apple was

stand out and create a market of their own separating them from their competitors.

88

focused on software and produced the iPhone (Bonnington, C., 2012). Since then Apple is leading the market and overC. ten upgraded versions Byhas Mr. created George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS of the mobile phone itself; usingUniversity, innovation as theSchool key tooftheir customer's Harvard Graduate Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect hearts.

Student of the School of Architecture Furthermore, Amazon started as an online bookstore and was operating Technical University of Crete within its own debt for its first years of operation but with a philosophy of improving day by approach: day and byDefining producing service that no other organization 1. Introductory the aconcept 1. approach: Defining the concept hadANTISTHENIS, orIntroductory has; it has managed to be one of the most successful in the the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -companies 370 BC, Athens), world.

Amazon was innovative internally but also externally.

With Amazon ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the Prime Now company managed to have products doorsteps among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established acustomer's greatof“principle”: the acquisition ofthe knowledge starts with of theat content concepts. within two hours (internally), a fact that no other organization has achieved, acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and and Based, they license external drivers to make deliveries by not to hire therefore, on this “principle” intheir a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is indicated area ofhaving Planning) (or gentrification 1job(externally). gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or them to doasthe Sociology well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways),Accompanied of social groups, usually low-income andofthe placement successful there of artists, with the of general picture innovation, and ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, However this “change”, regardless of innovative business models such asetc.

Amazon and Apple underline the the operation art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this regardless whatever other consequences has, results rising of “change”, land prices theof importance of of innovation within organizations that want to create a(and market whatever otherinstead consequences has,within resultsanother. also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). for themselves; of operating potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor TESLA Inc.them, Analysis the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes and thusin old2003 residents Tesla Inc.“squeezed”. is them, an American organization that there was founded and are is being indirectly being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of California. this phenomenon included in the work of Sociologist based in Palo Alto, Namedisafter the famous electrical engineerRuth and A description ofperiod, this included inwere the work of and Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations recorded in other major physist Nikola Tesla; thephenomenon company hasisover 35,000 employees specializes GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.and energy storage. Despite the in electric vehicles, solar panel manufacturing, cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issueoriginal has several scholars and for its Inc. more fact that the company’s purpose was electric sports cars, Tesla is Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various now one of the most innovative organizations in the world being involved in comprehensive approach arewith being summarized theengines various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: many sectors that have to do renewable energy and from electric interpretations the phenomenon the following: In a sense, G., theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, aA.,trend of a new of social (Kumparak, Burns, M. & isEscher, 2016).

The category organization wasgroups first to “return” the city,Eberhard leaving the purlieus several reasons: high coststhat in money founded bytoMartin and Marc for Tarpenning two engineers were and time to travel fromthe thebrand purlieus downtown, where work place is, lack of the influenced to create in to 2003 when GM recalled and destroyed its 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, EV1 electric cars (Musk, E., 2017). Today’s CEO of the company is Elon Musk, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) an entrepreneur that involved organizations likefor Youth Unemployment.

Theissame year shein leftvarious Germanyinnovative and after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and Geneva, Prague, has London and New York shehe came back to London, where SpaceX andresearch PayPal.inMusk himself highlighted that sees Tesla Inc. as a in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and technology company and automotive manufacturer that has the goal of University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying offering cars to by the average at affordable prices (Young, A., her work electric are characterized a passion forconsumer justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially part of the web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 2015).

Tesla currently has three types of electric carsofavailable inurban the market; G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually model S, model X and model 3. It also manufactures the super-chargers that

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

charge these vehicles and furthermore it produces solar panels after the company bought SolarCity which is the most prominent solar panel manufacturer in the US for 2.6 billion dollars (Tesla Inc., 2016). With model S being the company’s best-selling product, Tesla reached global sales of 250,000 units in 2007 (Kane, M., 2017) and in February 2018 its 300,000th vehicle was produced (Lambert, F., 2018).

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, of (Electrek, Feb., 2018) restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

TheTesla’s term gentrification is Innovation found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to – Strategy & The term gentrification is found firstbeen in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of wealthy people todirectly buy property in poor Since the beginning, Tesla Inc.athas linked with innovation. the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof From the philosophy to the product; the organization is surrounded by the London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ideology of innovation and that is what it aims to serve to its consumers. With being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is includedboth in theinternally work of Sociologist Ruth innovation flowing throughout the company, and externally, A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Tesla has endorsed a strategy named “complex coordination” which enables GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Westernmany countries, by otherpieces Researchers. them to innovative that fit together. For their automotive cities in create Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars for itstypical more sector which is their most profitable; this strategy used toand emulate Since then, the issue has preoccupied severalisbelow, scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from the technological-product life cycles.

The summarized organization below, has departments that comprehensive approach are being from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: produce all the components neededoffor the production of a vehicle and it also interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, phenomenon due togentrification, a trend ofof a new socialtogroups produces the the chargers neededisfor the resupply the cars.

The of ability have to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money full control throughout the production cycle is similar to Apple’s method of and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the operation term which Is from “endSociologist to end,”Ruth and consumers canRuth only relywas onborn the GLASS, 1912-1940.

GLASS for sense1.ofThe safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, search betterin organization itself for servicing and maintaining their product in excellent Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment.

The same year Germany and after continuous movements for condition, maximizing income for she theleft company. lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Innovation in studies technology isthe key for Tesla. company owns in its in According 1943 she published regarding city planning.

In 1950 she teacher the to another approach, phenomenon isThe due tobecame a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research.

Her public and existence and success innovative technology since theirbrokers most profitable long-term efforttoby organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. products are electric cars.for Various organizations have tothe operate within and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., theCodepreciation initially of tried part of urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: the sector, but none of them achieved what Tesla has.

With the appliance of G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

90

“sustainable” innovation, Tesla has created vehicles that are 100 % electric and can compete with ordinary cars both in performance and design, not only normal cars but sports cars as well. Marketing wise, Tesla focuses on selling its vehicles online and in company-owned showrooms instead of using a conventional dealer strategy (Maeda, W., 2013). Tesla tries to implement innovation in every operation the company is involved By conducting a SWOT analysis Inc., theC. strengths, weaknesses, Byfor Mr.Tesla George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS opportunities, and threats of the organization will be highlighted, the Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, and Student, position of the company within the market will be underlined.

With the use of

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect the above and specifically the weaknesses and the of threats; innovative gaps Student the School of Architecture Technical of Crete and room for improvement will emerge. Having those gapsUniversity as a baseline; theoretical recommendations that can be applied in the "real world" will 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept follow.

1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the SWOT Analysis among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Strengths 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification Brand Recognition: to the nature of its products, Tesla is a globally 1 (and urbanDue gentrification gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various well-known brand. Despite its motor vehicles, Tesla is also recognized for its Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of socialproducts. groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, sustainability ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of Fast growing supercharger network: Tesla develops its supercharger the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof network around world but the US results specifically that of customers can(and charge whatever otherthe consequences has, also so rising land prices the potential relative speculation). their cars on the side of the road and they also play a huge role in the adoption potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to of Tesla products.

The company had already installed 40001960s superchargers by The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early and itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto 2015 and is planning to have 7000 by the end of 2018. the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description Weaknessesof this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major High costs of period, vehicles: Tesla’s vehicles have arecorded huge disadvantage GLASS at the same while similar situations were in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. towards ordinarycountries, vehicles due to their cost. Despite their innovative operation cities in Western bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more the model 3, model X and model S are too expensive for thefrom average middleSince then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized class consumer.

The high cost of the vehicles is a setback for the company comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: since it affects the sales in rapidly growing. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups High production and operating costs: The production of vehicles the to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs inand money operation of the organization is very costly.

The combination of R&D and and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

GLASSmaking wasbetter bornitin production has been increasing costs significantly for centres, theRuth company sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town search for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: hard forofthem to cover theseentertainment costs with sales.

Despite company trying to services health, education, “at the heartthe of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where minimize manufacturing costs, expenditures essential to their operation studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, in According 1943 she published regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teachertheir in the tocost another approach, the due adominate systematic and increase their ofstudies production and Tesla finds itishard to University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying industry. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, for theCodepreciation initially of of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Consumer trust:etc., Tesla was experimenting with itspart new autopilot system Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm awere variety ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, the ofvehicle could drive itself without the need of the of (actually a driver.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Unfortunately, the car was involved in an accident where a civilian was hit fatally by the car. Furthermore, Tesla experienced hacking issues since hackers managed to take over the system of a model S and bring the vehicle to a full stop (Lambert, F., 2016) These incidents might create trust issues for the organization since the safety and well-being is a top priority for consumers.

Opportunities

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School Design, Growth in demand: Due to the technologically evolvedoftimes weStudent, live in; By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect eco-friendly and electric vehicles have not only become a trend, but they serve Student of the School of Architecture a good cause to the well-being of our planet. As years go by more and more Technical University of Crete consumers are interested in upgrading their car to a vehicle that operates through renewableapproach: energy having as the a higher goal the minimization of their 1. Introductory Defining concept 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept transportation costs.

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC As -“principle”: 370 Athens), Supply sales, and network (444 ina Asia: theBC, Asian and among other chain, wise heritage hemaintenance left us, he established great the amongeconomies other wiseare heritage left us,definition he by established a great the Indian becoming stronger the there is a massive acquisition of knowledge startshe with the of minute; the content of“principle”: concepts. acquisition of starts with the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term opportunity forknowledge Teslaontothis expand theirthe supply chain and explore these markets.

1 (and urban on this “principle” inindicated a first,major if (in notthe final, approach, the gentrification) is area ofissues Planning) (or gentrification Due Based, to the therefore, fact that the above countries have pollution (Li,term P., 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various 2009) and are interested in such products, Tesla should take the opportunity Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement and exploit them. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof Threats whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

Tesla is facingatcompetition from luxury car and manufactures TheCompetition: term gentrification is found first in the UK in early 1960s it refers to The gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers but then alsoterm electric vehicle companies.

Since its supercharger network is not the observed trend of to buy property in poor ofto the then observed trend wealthy people buytoproperty in poor globally developed, consumers may turn their to back the company andareas prefer London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus oldwithin residents are toLondon, invest in a semi-electric(hybrid) vehicle that can fully operate their being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description this the phenomenon is included in thesports work of Ruth region.

Adding toofthat, competition from luxury carSociologist manufacturers A description of this Tesla phenomenon is situations includeddespite inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar in other major is also significant; since is in that market its electric technology GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. approach. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue several scholars and for its more Sports vehicle risk:has Since Tesla operates within the sports Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andcar forindustry its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various and their cars are approach as expensive as a regular sports vehicle; consumers might comprehensive are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: tend to stick toofwhat they know. Furthermore, sports car enthusiast might interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of due a new of social groups prefer to buythe a petrol or diesel engine vehicle to its performance, since to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Tesla's cars are sports and luxury vehicles but do not lean towards one side and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the particularly. termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin,According where she made herabove first studies.

In analysis; 1932 she published an achieved important study entitled: to the SWOT Tesla has significant services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for milestones andof, has a steady from position within its industry, but instability lower living cost “withdrawal” private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, regarding itspublished safety, high operation and production costs, and of specific in According 1943 she studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 she teacher in the to another approach, the is due tobecame a lack systematic and University College London, where she continued her social Her public and identity can openof the field for major setbacks for theresearch. company.

Based on the long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. above threats and weaknesses, realistic recommendations will follow so that and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Recommendations Concerns A huge problem that needs a solution for Tesla is the fact that their

Tesla can prevent and overcome obstacles that might impact the company's economic well-being and publicity.

92

vehicles are focused on a very tight target group. By limiting itself, the

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS company loses customers that are interested in the company but do not have Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, the money to invest in a car with a hefty price tag. If the organization shifted By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect its focus from sports car and created a vehicle for the average middle-class Student of the School of Architecture consumer, then a new market would open up for Tesla. People in our modern Technical University of Crete days are interested in new technologies and especially technologies that would help them cut down every-day expenses 1. Introductory approach: Defining the conceptsuch as transportation costs.

1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept With a production of a middle-class car, Tesla can transform ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 its BC,operation Athens), from limited supply to mass-production.

It is proven that mass-production has ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the a lot of benefits and can minimize costs for the manufacturer (Hounshell, D.A., among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the 1997).

Thus, will have a with significant in cutting down acquisition ofTesla knowledge starts theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a opportunity first, if of not final, approach, thecosts term 1 but also expand its products and servicesis Based, therefore, on this “principle” inline. a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) indicated area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Following the above, with an expansion of their production line offering Sociology as the “refining” of a city area, removal this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually ofconsumer; low-income andthe the placement there artists, vehicles foras well), the middle-class Tesla can fight from back to of gain the ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, etc. However this “change”, regardless of publicity it had before theirrestaurants, major setbacks (Car crashes and Hacking).

After the operation ofconsequences art galleries, etc.also However “change”, regardless whatever other has,the results land prices (and theof these events, consumers haverestaurants, lost trust theyrising had this inofthe company; making other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative itwhatever even harder forspeculation).

Tesla to operate to its maximum potential. potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to With the use of passive innovation is the type 1960s of innovation thatto The term gentrification found atpeople first which in the UK in early and itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor of requires the consumer to demand the change and then the organization the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof follows with the action (Dodgson, M., Gann, D. & Salter, A.J.,thus 2009); Tesla can London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. minimize its risks and wait for their customers to demand change and then being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth takeAaction.

With model and model 3isbeing similar, company couldmajor have description ofperiod, this Xphenomenon included inwere thethe work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations recorded in other implemented passive innovation and save a significant amount of capital.

This GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. type of innovation can has be applied towards future actions the cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue several scholars and such for itsasmore production of a new car or the instalment of superchargers.

The organization Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various can stick to its product and wait for consumers comprehensive approach are being summarized from to thedemand various interpretations of primary the phenomenon ofline gentrification, thebelow, following: necessary changes. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Furthermore, marketing strategy of the company; some to “return” to the city,regarding leaving thethe purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel the purlieus downtown, work place is, lack of the adjustments can from change the waytothe market where is moving around Tesla.

As 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS for wasonline born in sense safety atcomes thethe distributed residencies outside town centres, search better mentioned above, organization limits its self in selling its products Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at into the heart of the and in company-owned showrooms.

Taking account thecity”, fact(possibly) that the Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where company is selling auto-vehicles, online purchasing is limiting their potential studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 she became teacher in the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and for a greater amount of sales. It is hard to believe that consumers will spend University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying that significant amount by of amoney a car online without even looking her work are characterized passionon for buying justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in at10th itselling or it. Since the purchase of a 2009. car isWIKIPEDIA: not as simple asEncyclopedia: common edit.driving Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London The Free Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aproducts variety of ways, in order to achieve the consumers buy online daily; and“assisted”, since joint “voluntary”, ventures can(actually increase

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

both profits and publicity according to Kogut, B Tesla could partner up with individual dealers that operate globally, giving the opportunity to consumers to see, test drive and buy the vehicles and have a sense of familiarity, trust and security towards the product (Kogut, B.,1989).

With motor vehicles to supercharges, clean energy storage and solar panels; Tesla Inc. have a substantial product and service line making it hard for the organization to operate in all entirely.

According to the Bythe Mr.segments George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS product orientation theory (Ishida, D., 2015) focusing on one one Harvard University, Graduate School ofproduct Design, and Student, product only can be substantially successful for an organization.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

Conclusion 1. Introductory theisconcept Despite the approach: fact that Defining Tesla Inc. one of the most innovative and 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept successful organizations within Greek its industry; space for been ANTISTHENIS, the ancient philosopher, (444improvement BC - 370 BC,has Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC analysis -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), highlighted the SWOT analysis and(444 of the among other throughout wise heritage he left us, he established a the great the among other wise leftthe us, he faced established a greatof“principle”: the characteristics of theheritage company itself.

Tesla major setbacks as a company acquisition of knowledge startshe with definition of the content concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, crashes, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term including hacking and lawsuits making it of hard for the organization to 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on “principle” insince a first, notthe final, approach, the is term gentrification) indicated (in area of Planning) (or gentrification regain the popularity andthis publicity it hadis itsifbeginning.

Globalization a 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various difficult task for organizations to accomplish, but for Tesla’s well-being it is Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement essential, and with the use of the above recommendations itfrom is there realistic.

For a ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of artmagnitude galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,costs regardless of company of this low manufacturing andthis production play a the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has, results alsoexpansion rising of land (and theof significantother role and with a combination of an of itsprices sales network, whatever other consequences has,the results also rising of land prices the potential relative speculation). significant changes can overcome obstacles the organization is (and facing. potential relative speculation).

Thethe term gentrification is found at first in(strategies) the UK in early 1960s and it refers to With recommendations and theories mentioned above; Tesla The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor can create the movement of taking their business to the next step, expand its the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to buy property in poor areas London, them, stayworld themselves thus old residents areof networkupgrade and change the as we know it.there The and organization has every London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. potential to transform the way we acknowledge transportation and I believe being indirectly “squeezed”. this phenomenon mentioned, is included in realistic the work of Sociologist thatAAdescription with the ofimplementations canRuth be description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded workchanges of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major accomplished both internally and externally.

GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Bibliography interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Bonnington, C., 2017.

Focusing on Hardware Is the Wrong Way to in Compete to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs money With the iPhone. Wired. Available at: https://www.wired.com/2012/09/smartphoneand time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the hardware-experience/ . termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Dodgson, M., Gann, Salter, In A.J., 2009.

The management of technological Berlin, where she made her D. first&studies.

1932 she published an important study entitled: services of strategy health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) innovation: andThe practice, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Youth Unemployment. same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research Geneva, Prague, and New York she camemeasurement back to London, Edison, H., Ali,inN.B. & Torkar, R.,London 2013. Towards innovation inwhere the in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 she became teacher in the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and software industry. Journal of Systems and Software, 86(5), pp.1390–1407.

University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Hounshell, D.A., 1997.

From the for American system mass production, 1800-1932: her work are characterized by a passion justice. See also:toCOLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially ofStates, part of the urban web, in the development of manufacturing technology in the United Baltimore: Hopkins 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aUniv. variety in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Press.of ways,

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Ishida, D., 2015. The Effect of Proactive and Responsive Market Orientation on Performance. Journal of Marketing & Distribution, 17(3), pp.13–37.

Johnson, D., 2001. What is innovation and entrepreneurship? Lessons for larger organisations. Industrial and Commercial Training, 33(4), pp.135–140.

Kane, M., 2017. Tesla Has Delivered More Than 250,000 EVs, ~55% In The U.S. Inside EVs Tesla Has Delivered More Than 250000 EVs 55 In The US Comments.

Available at: https://insideevs.com/tesla-has-delivered-more-than-250000-evs-55By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS in-the-u-s/.].

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Kodama, M., 1999. Business innovation through joint supported by

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ventures ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect major businesses. Journal of Management Development, 18(7), pp.614–627.

Student of the School of Architecture Kogut, B., 1989. The Stability of Joint Ventures: Reciprocity and Competitive Technical University of Crete Rivalry. The Journal of Industrial Economics, 38(2), p.183.

Kumparak, G.,approach: Burns, M. &Defining Escher, A., 2016.

A brief history of Tesla. TechCrunch.

1. Introductory the concept 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept Available at: https://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-brief-history-of-tesla/.

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Lambert, F. & Electrek, Firstphilosopher, Model(444 S remotely by ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek BC -“principle”: 370controlled BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he2016. left us, heTesla established a great the hackers, Tesla already pushed a fix.

Electrek.

Available at: among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the https://electrek.co/2016/09/20/first-tesla-model-s-remotely-controlled-hackersacquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term tesla-pushed-a-fix/.

1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification Lambert,1F. & Electrek, 2018. Tesla confirms having produced its 300,000th gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various electric car. Electrek. Available at: https://electrek.co/2018/02/14/tesla-deliveredSociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, 300000th-vehicle/?pushup=1 ways), of social groups, of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of LaMonica, M., 2009. usually Tesla Motors founders: Now there are five. CNET. Available the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof at: https://www.cnet.com/news/tesla-motors-founders-now-there-are-five/. whatever other consequences has, results risingofof land prices (and the Li, P. et al., 2009.

Mercury pollution in Asia:also A review the contaminated sites. potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation).

Journal Hazardous Materials, 168(2-3), pp.591–601.

The of term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification foundauto atpeople first in the UK in early and itareas refers Maeda, W., 2013.

Tesla dealers direct sales1960s toinconsumers - The the then observed trend ofisbattles wealthy toonbuy property poor ofto the then observed trend wealthy peopleat: to there buy property in poor areas Boston Globe.

BostonGlobe.com.

Available https://www.bostonglobe.com London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof /business/2013/11/20/tesla-battles-auto-dealers-direct-salesLondon, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. consumers/3f1xBFN21xH8QqQc3jijTP/story.html . in the work of Sociologist Ruth being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included Musk, E., 2017.

Few people know that we started Tesla of when GM forcibly A description of this phenomenon is included inwere the recorded work Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations in other major recalled allatelectric carsperiod, from customers in 2003 & thenwere crushed them in aother junkyard.

GLASS the same while similar situations recorded in major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Twitter. at: https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/873116351316938753. cities inAvailable Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for Approval. its more Anon, 2016.

Tesla's Acquisition of SolarCity Receives Shareholder Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from Tesla's Acquisition ofapproach SolarCity Receives Shareholder Approval | Teslafrom UK. Available at: comprehensive are being summarized below, the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: https://www.tesla.com/en_GB/blog/teslas-acquisition-of-solarcity-receivesinterpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups shareholder-approval. to “return” theBusiness city, leaving the purlieus for severalTheory. reasons:Genius. high costs in money Thiel,toP., Strategy and Monopoly Available at: and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the https://genius.com/Peter-thiel-lecture-5-business-strategy-and-monopoly-theory1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, annotated.

Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Young, A., 2015.

Detroit Auto Show 2014:“at $40,000 'Model From Tesla Motors services of health, education, entertainment the heart of E' the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for (TSLA) Will Have A 'Practical' Range, Says Company's Head of Global Sales. lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where International Business Times.

Available at: http://www.ibtimes.com/detroit-autoin According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and show-2014-40000-model-e-tesla-motors-tsla-will-have-practical-range-sayslong-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 1539644. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Zott, C., Amit, R.H. & Massa, L., 2011.

The Business Model: Recent Developments G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually and Future Research. SSRN Electronic Journal.

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ΤΡΕΧΟΥΣΕΣ ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΙΚΕΣ ΓΕΩΠΟΛΙΤΙΚΕΣ GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, ΕΞΕΛΙΞΕΙΣ ΚΑΙ ΕΚΤΙΜΗΣΕΙΣ Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Του κ. Χρήστου Β. ΚΩΤΣΙΑ Concerns

Πτυχιούχου Σχολής Βιβλιοθηκονομίας και Επιστήμης της Πληροφόρησης

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Βιβλιοθ. Πανεπ. ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Η Παγκόσμια Οικονομική Κρίση τουStudent 2008 of λέγεται πωςofσημάδεψε the School Architecture of Crete εποχή μας. Όμως αυτή ουδέποτε κατά τηνTechnical άποψή University μου τελείωσε.

την Μια δεκαετία αργότερα, εξελίσσεται και καθώς εξελίσσεται μεταβάλει 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept τον 1. κόσμο μας όπως τον γνωρίσαμε.the Τον μεταβάλει σε όλα τα επίπεδα.

Introductory approach: concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Σε οικονομικό-τεχνολογικό, ενεργειακό, γεωπολιτικό, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370ισορροπίες BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the δυνάμεων, συμμαχίες. Ήταν τόσο ισχυρή που έφτασε στο σημείο να among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. γονατίσει την υπερδύναμη, το χρηματοπιστωτικό της σύστημα και term σαν acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the 1 να Based, therefore, on this a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term αποτέλεσμα ραγίσει το “principle” παγκόσμιοisinχρηματοοικονομικό οικοδόμημα. (and urban gentrification) indicated area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Χρειάστηκαν να γίνουν τεράστιες ενέσεις χρήματος thinair σε Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, removal fromthere this, (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe the placement of συνεργασία μεταξύ των κυριότερων και μεγαλύτερων Κεντρικών ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operationτου of art galleries,προκειμένου restaurants, etc.να However this “change”, regardless of Τραπεζών Πλανήτη σταθεροποιηθεί η κατάσταση the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the και να ακολουθηθούν τακτικές χρηματοικονομικής μηχανικής που whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). ουδέποτε ως τα σήμερα είχαν ξαναχρησιμοποιηθεί. Για την ώρα potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to φαίνεται πως ο ναpeople μια The term gentrification found at firstαποφευχθεί in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trendστόχος ofiswealthy to buy property in καταστροφή poor ανυπολόγιστων διαστάσεων επετεύχθη, μαthere άφησε πίσω πληγές the then observed trend wealthy people to buy property in της poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stayπου themselves sometimesανεξίτηλα there and thus residents are τόσες και τόσο βαθιές έχει χαραχτεί στοoldπαγκόσμιο being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work Sociologist γίγνεσθαι και στις μνήμες των ανθρώπων αλλά και στιςofζωές τους. Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon included theαναταραχής, work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at theσsame while similar situations were recorded in other major Μέσα αυτήν την εποχή τηςisδίνης και in της απόνερα GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, byκαι other Researchers.να δημιουργεί η μεγαλύτερη της οποίας δημιούργησε εξακολουθεί cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has scholars and for its1929, more Οικονομική Κρίση που ποτέ ο several κόσμος το Κραχ του Since then, the issueγνώρισε has several από scholars andthe for its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from various θα προσπαθήσουμε να are δούμε ένα μέρος των μεταβολών που comprehensive approach being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: συμβαίνουν στο παγκόσμιο γίγνεσθαι. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Το παρόν πόνημα πέραν ορισμένων καταγραφών και δεδομένων, to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money προσπαθεί να κάνει ένα forecastingσε γεωπολιτικό και οικονομικό and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1.of The termπροσπαθήσει from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS for was born in επίπεδο, θα ναresidencies εντρυφήσει στο κυρίως ευρωπαϊκό πεδίο, sense safety atcomes the distributed outside town centres, search better Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “atπτυχές the heartπου of the city”,movements (possibly)for τις γεωπολιτικές και δημιουργούνται.

Youth Unemployment.τάσεις The same yearοικονομικές she left Germany and after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and York she came London, Σημειολογικά καιinπρακτικά μιλώντας το New forecasting είτεback σεtoοικονομικό in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and είτε σε γεωπολιτικό επίπεδο είναι μια πολύ δύσκολη υπόθεση, καθότι University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized a passion for justice. also: COLLINS υπάρχουν άπειροι byπαράγοντες οι Seeοποίοι ανα ENGLISH πάσαDICTIONARY. στιγμή and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: μεταβάλλονται αλληλοεπιδρούν και δημιουργούν νέα δεδομένα, τα G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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οποία με τη σειρά τους δημιουργούν ή μεταβάλλουν αλλάζουν την συμπεριφορά τόσο στους κύριους δρώντες αλλά και στην ψυχολογία των ανθρώπων στην καταναλωτική συμπεριφορά, και στους πάσης φύσης οικονομικούς δείκτες που με την σειρά τους και αυτοί είναι πολύ δύσκολο ως αδύνατο να υπολογιστεί ένα μοτίβο που θα μπορεί να μας δώσει με σχετική ακρίβεια ένα συγκεκριμένο αποτέλεσμα. Είτε αυτό

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS αφορά μια νέα οικονομική κρίση ή μια νέα σημαντική γεωπολιτική Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, μεταβολή εκ βάθρων.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Ο Κόσμος, 10 χρόνια μετά το 2008, εισέρχεται αν δεν είναι ήδη, σε Student of the School of Architecture μια επικίνδυνη μεταβατική χρονική περίοδο. Τόσο στο οικονομικό, Technical University of όσο Crete και στο γεωπολιτικό πεδίο. Ειδικά, στον Δυτικό Κόσμο στην Υπερ1. Introductory approach: Definingμια the απαρχή concept δυναμικών που μπορούν Ατλαντική Συμμαχία διαφαίνεται 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), the ancientπαλιές Greek έχθρες philosopher, να ANTISTHENIS, φέρουν στην επιφάνεια που σημάδεψαν την Ευρώπη ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the και την χάραξαν ανεξίτηλα στις αρχές του προηγούμενου αιώνα. among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Με ορολογίες τύπου γεωπολιτικής, όπως ναυτικών και χερσαίων acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term δυνάμεων, μπορούμε να διακρίνουμε μια Συμμαχία 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated aπως first,εξυφαίνεται if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 χερσαίων δυνάμεων vs ναυτικών δυνάμεων και με ρήγμα gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, ofστο Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (inδυτικό various κόσμο ο οποίος διαιρείται στους Αγγλοσάξωνες και στην λεγόμενη Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of Ευρώπη» social groups, of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, «Παλιά μεusually προεξάρχουσα δύναμη την Γερμανία την the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other has, results also rising of land prices (and theof περίπτωση τηςconsequences οποίας θα πρέπει να εξετάσουμε ιδιαίτερα. whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results rising land prices (andτο the potential Η relative Γερμανία είναι εκείνη που για also άλλη μιαofφορά "πατάει" potential relative speculation).

The term is foundοιat εξελίξεις first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to κουμπί γιαgentrification να ξεκινήσουν στον ευρύτερο ευρωπαϊκό The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor περίγυρο επειδή ανέκαθεν σκέπτεται με βάση γερμανικό imperium the then observed trend wealthy people to there buyτο property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof και φαίνεται απόthem, τις παρακάτω αναφορές πως προχωρεί σταθερά και London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. βάση σχεδίου. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth τηςofperiod, Γερμανικής Εξωτερικής μακροχρόνια A Στόχος description this phenomenon is situations includedΠολιτικής inwere the recorded workσε of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major βάσηinκαθίσταται η δημιουργία μιας Ανεξάρτητης και Κυρίαρχης Χώρας cities Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issueΕνεργειακό has several scholars and for its more τόσο σε Οικονομικό, και στρατιωτικό επίπεδο. Κυρίαρχης Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various στο εσωτερικό της, με σταδιακή απεξάρτηση από τις αλυσίδες της comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: στρατιωτικήςofμηχανής των ΗΠΑ, η οποία εκφράζεται αφενός με την interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, phenomenon is dueof to40,000 a trend στρατιωτών of a new social groups ύπαρξη στο the έδαφός της περίπου σε of αμερικανικές to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money βάσεις οι οποίοι υπάρχουν εκεί αρχικά στα πλαίσια της ήττας των ΝΑΖΙ and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the στον1.ofΒ’ Παγκ. Πόλεμο και αφετέρου ως δυνάμεις ασφαλείας γιαbetter τονin The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for was born sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she Κίνδυνο made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: από Ανατολάς βλέπε Ρωσία. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Οι για σταδιακή απομάκρυνση από to το των lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc. studies andενέργειες research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came back toάρμα London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the Ηνωμένων Πολιτειών προϋποθέτουν ύπαρξη οικονομικής ισχύος, to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying παγκόσμια πολιτική επιρροή, άμεση πρόσβαση σε φθηνές πρώτες ύλες her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate,της etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

The Free Encyclopedia: από χώρες εκτός άμεσης επιρροής τωνWIKIPEDIA: αμερικανών και κυρίως Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aχωρίς variety of ways, in order Abstract. toαπό achieve theχώρες “assisted”, (actually εδαφική διέλευση τρίτες που “voluntary”, δυνητικά μπορεί να

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

δημιουργήσουν πρόβλημα απρόσκοπτης ροής , απεμπλοκή αμυντική και ύπαρξη στρατιωτικής ισχύος. Στην περίπτωση της Γερμανίας ανεξαρτητοποίηση από τις προσταγές των ΗΠΑ μπορεί να σημάνει σε τελικό στάδιο ακόμα και την απόκτηση πυρηνικών όπλων. Πρόσφατα δημοσιεύματα και στον διεθνή κ ελληνικό τύπο άλλωστε το επιβεβαιώνουν.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Στο οικονομικό σκέλος η Γερμανία με την Κρίση που προέκυψε το Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, 2008 σε συνδυασμό με την Agenda 2010 κου Schroeder προλείανε το

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect έδαφος προκειμένου από ασθενής της Ευρώπης στις αρχές του 2000 σε Student of the School of Architecture συνδυασμό με την εισαγωγή του ευρώ να καταστεί η αδιαφιλονίκητη Technical University of Crete οικονομική υπερδύναμη της Ενωμένης Ευρώπης και να επιβάλλει την 1. Introductory approach: την Defining the concept πολιτική της σε ολόκληρη Ήπειρο.

1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, Τρανή απόδειξη και αποτέλεσμα των παραπάνω αποτελούν τα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the πρωτογενή εμπορικά πλεονάσματα τα οποία υπερβαίνουν κατά πολύ among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. το όριο που έχει η Ευρωπαϊκή Επιτροπή το 6% και κανείς δεν έχει acquisition of knowledge starts with the the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term επιβάλλει καμία κύρωση ή επίπληξη στην όπως 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notΓερμανία final, approach, the και term gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 προβλέπεται θεσμικά από την Ευρωπαϊκή Επιτροπή όταν αυτό γίνει gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various επί 3 συναπτά έτη. Η Γερμανία εμφανίζει εμπορικά πλεονάσματα άνω Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), social groups, ofκαι low-income and thethis placement there of artists, του 6%of από 2010usually μέχρι σήμερα, 2017. Επίσης παρατηρείται the operation of το art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising έναντι of land της prices (and theof έλλειμα ανταγωνιστικότητας όλων των χωρών Γερμανίας whatever otherspeculation). consequences results alsoαπό rising landμε prices (and the potential που έχειrelative αφετηρία σταδιακήςhas, δημιουργίας το of 2001 την είσοδο potential relative speculation). termκαι gentrification is found at first in the early 1960s and it για refers to τουThe ευρώ έπειτα. Αυτό πλέον τείνει να UK γίνειinτοξικό όχι μόνο την The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor ευρωπαϊκή αλλά trend για την wealthy παγκόσμια οικονομία καθώςin ηpoor Γερμανία the then observed people to there buy property areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof απορροφά σαν μαύρη τρύπα θέσεις εργασίας καιand εξάγει ανεργία και London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. από την άλλη δεν καταναλώνει εισάγοντας προϊόντα ή να επιστρέφει being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth πίσω μέρος του δημιουργώντας πρόβλημα και A description ofperiod, thisπλεονάσματος, phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major ανισορροπίες μόνο σε αλλά σε παγκόσμιο επίπεδο. cities in Westernόχι countries, byευρωπαϊκό other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Since then, the issue has and for its more Μια άλλη πτυχή κατάResearchers. την several οποίαscholars αναδεικνύονται και Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various αποτυπώνονται περίτρανα αυτές οι οικονομικές ηγεμονικές τάσεις της comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations phenomenon of gentrification, following: Γερμανία και ofη the ανισορροπία που προκαλεί ηthe γιγάντωσή της είναι το interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social target2. Πρόκειται για το σύστημα ευρωπαϊκών πληρωμών το groups οποίο to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money έχει φτάσει σε υψηλά υψηλών σε liabilities έναντι της Γερμανίας, and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the ξεπερνώντας το επίπεδο που παρατηρήθηκε στην κορύφωση 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety theανώτατο distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin, where Χρέους she made στα her first studies.

In2012 1932 she published an important studyδις entitled: της Κρίσης μέσα του που ήταν κοντά στα 750 €, services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for όταν τον του 2017 ηLondon τελευταία μέτρηση ήτανto λίγο κάτω του lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc. studies andΣεπτέμβρη research Geneva, Prague, and car New York she came back to London, where 1943€.. she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the 1inτρις According to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Σε ένα άλλο σκέλος της οικονομικής σκακιέρας θα αναφερθώ στα her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: γερμανικά αποθέματα χρυσού ταLondon οποία2009. άρχισαν να of δημιουργούνται Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aμεταπολεμικά variety of ways, in order to επαναβιομηχανοποίηση achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually χάρη στην της Γερμανίας. Η 252197 11

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Γερμανία επανεπένδυε τα κέρδη της σε χρυσό και μέρος αυτών των αποθεμάτων που δημιούργησε, κατευθύνθηκαν λόγω της τότε Σοβιετικής Απειλής να φυλάσσονται σε θησαυροφυλάκια στο Παρίσι Λονδίνο και στη Νέα Υόρκη. Φαίνεται πως πλέον δεν θεωρούν ότι υφίσταται περίπτωση απειλής από την πλευρά της Ρωσίας (βλέπε παρακάτω ενδυνάμωση εμπορικών ενεργειακών συμφωνιών) και το

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS γεγονός ότι σε περιόδους οικονομικής ανασφάλειας και κρίσης και Harvard University, Graduate School of Student, λόγω της πολιτικής των κεντρικών τραπεζών με κόψιμο Design, χρήματος κλπ

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect και περίπτωση πληθωρισμού, υπάρχειStudent και of τοtheπροηγούμενο του School of Architecture υπερπληθωρισμού της εποχής της Βαϊμάρης, θεωρούν καλόofείναι Technicalπως University Crete να υπάρχει αντίκρυσμα (back) σε χρυσό και αυτός να μην βρίσκεται 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept πολλοί οικονομολόγοι οι μακριά απ την ίδια τη Γερμανία. Υπάρχουν 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancientπως Greekπιθανόν philosopher, οποίοι θεωρούν the επίσης να ζήσουμε μια μεγάλη ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the νομισματική κρίση στο προσεχές μέλλον πιθανότατα στο370 δολάριο άρα among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ηacquisition ύπαρξη of χρυσού σε starts περιόδους για Κράτηofκαι ιδιώτες knowledge with theαστάθειας the content concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term κρίνεται στοιχείο.

1απαραίτητο Based,ως therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Η Γερμανία στo ζενίθ της Κρίσης Χρέους της ευρωζώνης το gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal from this, (in various καλοκαίρι του 2012 έλαβε την απόφαση για επαναπατρισμό των Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, αποθεμάτων σε χρυσό από Γαλλία Αγγλία και ΗΠΑ.there Μάλιστα ο the operation ofτης art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequencesτης has, results land prices theof αρχικός προγραμματισμός ήταν πωςalso σταrising τέληofτου 2020 θα(and έπρεπε whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential speculation). και η τελευταία μπάρα χρυσού του να έχειrelative επαναπατριστεί potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification found at first in the UK inθησαυροφυλάκια early 1960s and it refers to προγράμματος και isνα υπάρχει στα της The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Bundesbankστην Φρανκφούρτη. the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof Ενώupgrade το πρόγραμμα επιστροφής των αποθεμάτων χρυσού London, them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ξεκίνησε το 2013 και ήταν σε πλήρη εφαρμογή, αποφασίστηκε δε αυτό being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth να ολοκληρωθεί εσπευσμένα!!! Συγκεκριμένα αυτό ολοκληρώθηκε τον A description of this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Αύγουστο του countries, 2017 με by στόχο ‘χει εντός Γερμανίας τουλάχιστον το cities in Western otherνα Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Since then, the issue has several scholars and forήταν its more 50% των αποθεμάτων της ενώResearchers. το αρχικό χρονοδιάγραμμα για Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various ολοκλήρωσή του το 2020!! comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations phenomenon gentrification, theστρατηγικά following: Βέβαια of the αυτά τα ofγεωπολιτικά σχέδια interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social ανεξαρτητοποίησης της Γερμανίας δεν είναι άγνωστα και δεν groups έχουν to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money περάσει απαρατήρητα από την αμερικανική διπλωματική στρατηγική and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the σχολή σκέψης η distributed οποία ως residencies γεγονός είναι πολύ μπροστά...ήδη 15-20 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for was born in sense safety the outside town centres, better Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an γνωρίζουν important study entitled: χρόνια πριν γνωρίζουν και μελετούν τα σενάρια και άριστα services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for από μέσα και έξω καιPrague, γιαfrom τα τρωτά τηςeasier νομισματικής ένωσης lower living cost απ’ of, in “withdrawal” private access markets, etc.της studies and research Geneva, London and car New York she came to back to London, where in According 1943 sheκαι published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 she teacher in the Ευρώπης επιδιώξεις ηγεμονίας της Γερμανίας στην Μεσευρώπη toτις another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying (απόδειξη οι αναφορές Μπρεζίνσκι στο βιβλίο του the Grand her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, for theCodepreciation initially of partακόμα of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Chessboard για τηνetc., εθνικιστική τάση της Γερμανίας ακόμα και Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aγια variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually τον ίδιο τον Σόιμπλε σημείωση 1 στο τέλος), για το χρεωκοπημένο

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

ευρωπαϊκό εμπορικό τραπεζικό σύστημα και το βραδυκίνητο των αποφάσεων...αλλά και την τάση της Γερμανίας για ανεξαρτητοποίηση και ηγεμονία απ την οποία κερδίζει ΜΟΝΟΝ εκείνη έναντι των υπολοίπων ως φαίνεται από το παράδειγμα με τα εμπορικά πλεονάσματα. Ένας άλλος τομέας που χρήζει εξέτασης είναι ο τομέας της George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ενέργειας. Πολύ σημαντική για By τιςMr.σχέσεις Γερμανίας Ρωσίας ΗΠΑ, Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, αλλά και για τις μελλοντικές εξελίξεις στην Ευρώπη και την ευρωζώνη,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect ήταν η εποχή του καγκελαρίου Shroeder κατά την οποία Student of the School of Architecture αποφασίστηκε (πέρα απ την Agenda 2010 κατάTechnical την οποία η Γερμανία University of Crete έκανε αθέμιτο dumbing μισθών και διέλυσε την ανταγωνιστικότητα 1. Introductory the θα concept των υπολοίπων)approach: πως η Defining Γερμανία πρέπει να στραφεί με πιο 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek στο philosopher, αποφασιστικά καιthe γοργά βήματα να αντλεί περισσότερη ρωσική ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other he left us,Αποφασίστηκε he established(444 a great the ενέργεια γιαwise τιςheritage ανάγκες της. τοprojectενός νέου among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. αγωγού, του οποίος θα φτάνει στην Γερμανία μέσω της acquisition of NordStream2ο knowledge starts with thein definition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Βαλτικής παρακάμπτοντας την Πολωνία, μεapproach, την οποία η 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, ifχώρα notthe final, the term gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Γερμανία θεωρεί πως μπορεί δυνητικά να τις δημιουργήσει gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various προβλήματα ως χώρα διέλευσης του τόσο σημαντικού για την Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, θέρμανση/βιομηχανία τηςrestaurants, φυσικού αερίου. Ο δε Shroeder στη συνέχεια the operation of art galleries, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences results rising ofGAZPROMκαι land prices (andπριν theof ανέλαβε other σημαντικά πόστα has, τόσο στο also Boardτης whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results alsoηγετικό rising of ρόλο land prices the potential relative μερικούς μήνες, το 2017 ανέλαβε επίσης στην (and έτερη potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to ρωσική εταιρία ROSNEFT. The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Με τον NordStream 2wealthy η Γερμανία άμεση πρόσβαση στηof the then observed trend peopleαποκτά to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are Ρωσική ενέργεια χωρίς ναthemselves εξαρτάταιsometimes από ενδιάμεσους παράγοντες από London, upgrade them, stay there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. τη στιγμή που ο αγωγός θα ξεκινά από ρωσικό έδαφος θα διασχίζει την being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Βαλτική καιphenomenon θα καταλήγει σε γερμανικό έδαφος. Άρα major αυτό A description ofperiod, this is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS atΘάλασσα the same while similar in other GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major φέρνει πιο κοντά γεωπολιτικά εμπορικά πολιτικά οικονομικά την cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities inμε Western countries, bypreoccupied other Since then, issue has several for its more Ρωσία την the Γερμανία και κατ’ Researchers. επέκταση την scholars Ευρώπη and πράγμα που δε Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various συμφέρει τις ΗΠΑ καθώς πάγια στρατηγική τους επιδίωξη είναι να comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, following: μπορεί να έχει υπό τον πλήρη γεωπολιτικόthe οικονομικό ενεργειακό interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups έλεγχο την Ευρώπη αν θέλει να διατηρήσει την Παγκόσμια Κυριαρχία to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money της. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Με τονatcomes αγωγό NordStream 2 επιτυγχάνει σχέσεις μεin The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside townκαλύτερες centres, for Berlin, whereάρα she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an εντάσεις important study entitled: την Ρωσία μειώνει τις γεωπολιτικές απειλές και σε σχέση services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for με την ίδια κατof,επέκταση τηνfrom Ευρώπη. στο τέλος της αν lower living cost “withdrawal” private car access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London andΌμως Neweasier York she came to back toημέρας London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the έχεις οικονομική ισχύ αλλά όχι the στρατιωτική τότε δεν έχεις και πολλά to another approach, is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying πράγματα. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Οπότε επιστρέφουμε στο αρχικό σημείο του πονήματος το web, οποίο Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aαναγράφει variety of ways, order Abstract. to επιθυμεί achieve the “voluntary”, (actually ότι η in Γερμανία με “assisted”, πρόγραμμα κάποια στιγμή στο 252199 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

100

μέλλον να ανεξαρτητοποιηθεί ΠΛΗΡΩΣ απ΄τις ΗΠΑ και αυτό θα το καταφέρει με έναν συνδυασμό των παραπάνω συν την κατοχή πυρηνικών όπλων. Έτσι η Γερμανία θα έχει επιτύχει πρόσβαση και ανεξαρτησία στον τομέα της ενέργειας απέναντι στην Αμερική, οικονομικά έχει ποδηγετήσει την Ευρώπη, μεταφορά / επιστροφή χρυσού από

By Mr.του George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS εξωτερικό αλλά και πολιτικά, πέραν ελέγχουC.της ΕΚΤ, πλέον και Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, άλλα όργανα της Ε.Ε είναι στον στόχο της όπως ο Πρόεδρος της

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Κομισιόν να προέρχεται από την Γερμανία.

Student of the School of Architecture Μια επιπλέον κίνηση ανεξαρτητοποίησης Technical της Γερμανίας απof την University Crete Αμερική, η ισχύς της οποίας είναι το Δολάριο και η στρατιωτική της 1. Introductory Defining the ένα concept μηχανή και τοapproach: αντίστροφο (το κάνει backστο άλλο και 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, Greek philosopher, αντίστροφα) είναιtheηancient πρόσφατη πρωτοβουλία της Γερμανίας για ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the δημιουργία ευρωπαϊκού ηλεκτρονικού τραπεζικού συστήματος among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. αντίστοιχο του SWIFT για τοwith οποίο ενδιαφέρον η ίδια η acquisition of knowledge starts theinεξεδήλωσε definition the content ofκαι concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Ρωσία.Το χρηματοοικονομικό οικοδόμημα ισχύος 1Αμερικάνικο Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 στηρίζεται στο δολάριο που είναι το παγκόσμιο αποθεματικό νόμισμα, gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various στις συναλλαγές του πετρελαίου που γίνονται σε δολάρια, και στην Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, τεράστια στρατιωτική ισχύ συμβατική πυρηνική. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.και However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has, results of land prices (and theof Η δεother πρώτη προειδοποιητική βολήalso τουrising Αγγλοσαξωνικού κόσμου whatever other consequences has,Brexit.. results also rising ofδεν landήταν pricesκατ (andεμέ the potential relative speculation). έναντι της Γερμανίας ήταν το το Brexit potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification firstη inΒασιλική the UK inΟικογένεια early 1960s and it refers to καθόλου τυχαίο, καθότιis ηfound ελίτatκαι προώθησαν The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor την ιδέα..Britainfirst!!Επίσης ένα people ακόμηtoχτύπημα ήταν η συνεχής the then observed trend wealthy buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof υπόμνηση ότι ηthem, Γερμανία δεν πληρώνει τους and Λογαριασμούς της London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes there thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. απέναντι στο ΝΑΤΟ, αμυντικοί προϋπολογισμοί πολύ κάτω του 2% του being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ΑΕΠAκαι από ΗΠΑ θα επιβάλλει δασμούς description of thisτις phenomenon is situations included inwere the work ofστα Sociologist Ruth GLASS atαπειλή the same period, while ότι similar recorded in γερμανικά other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major προϊόντα λόγωcountries, αθέμιτου ανταγωνισμού.Σημειωτέων ότι οι εξαγωγές cities in Western by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, issue has several scholars and its more αποτελούν γιαthe την Γερμανία το 50% του ΑΕΠ της και το τι for θα σημάνει Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various αυτό σε περίπτωση ενός μικρού εμπορικού πολέμου μεταξύ Αμερικής comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, following: και Γερμανίαςof είναι προφανές.ofΕπίσης μέροςtheτου Πολέμου που ήδη interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense,μεταξύ theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trend of aτα new of social groups διεξάγεται ΗΠΑ και isΓερμανίας είναι προσεκτικά χτυπήματα to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money και πρόστιμα που επιβάλλονται στο δίκτυο της DeutscheBankστις and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the ΗΠΑ, με αποτέλεσμα αυτή τη στιγμή που μιλάμε μετοχή της for να better είναι 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS was born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town ηcentres, Berlin, where sheτων made 10€. her firstΑν studies.

In 1932 she published an important που study entitled: στα επίπεδα αυτός ο τραπεζικός γίγαντας είναι services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for συνυφασμένος μεin την γερμανική ισχύ και κύρος εμφανίσει ρωγμές και lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the προβλήματα τότε ηstudies ίδιαapproach, ηregarding Γερμανία έχει πρόβλημα. to another the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Η Ευρώπη με την αποχώρηση της Μ. Βρετανίας παύει να χει her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web,ως in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: στοιχεία ναυτικής δύναμης καιLondon αποκτά στοιχείαπερισσότερο Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aχερσαίας variety ofδύναμης......η ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually δεAbstract. Ευρώπη, αργά ή γρήγορα,.. είτε θα πρέπει να

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

μετεξελιχθεί και να αποτελέσει μια περισσότερο ενιαία πολιτική και οικονομική οντότητα οπότε δυνητικά θα γίνει γεωπολιτικός αντίπαλος των ΗΠΑ (γιατί μια ανεξάρτητή Ευρώπη λόγο γεωγραφίας κλπ προϋποθέτει πως αργά ή γρήγορα θα πρέπει να στραφεί προς τη Ρωσία τόσο σε επίπεδο εμπορικών συναλλαγών και εμπορίου όσο και σε στρατιωτικό για τον αμυντικό τομέα και την ενέργεια..άρα η

By Mr. George-Sp. C. Αμερική θα παραμεριστεί απ την Ευρώπη.)είτε θαATHANASOPOULOS κατακερματιστεί Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, στα εξόν συνετέθει.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Η Αμερική, αν χάσει γεωπολιτικάStudent την Ευρώπη, τότε αυτό θα of the School of Architecture σημάνει το τέλος της ως Υπερδύναμης καθώς χάσειof την Technicalθα University Crete πρωτοκαθεδρία στον Πλανήτη και οικονομικά και στρατιωτικά. Ο 1. Introductory approach: the concept ως στρατηγικό βάθος χώρος της Ευρώπης, τηςDefining είναι απαραίτητος 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient philosopher, ασφαλείας στην άλλη πλευράGreek του Ατλαντικού από την οποία μπορεί να ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the ελέγχει και να επηρεάζει άλλες στρατηγικές περιοχές και να αντλεί among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. στρατηγικά και with στρατιωτικά πλεονεκτήματα. πολύ acquisition ofοικονομικά knowledge starts theindefinition the content of Αυτό concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term απλά σημαίνει πως με this κάθε τρόπο, μεisinκάθε κόστος, θα προσπαθήσει να 1 (and Based, therefore, on “principle” a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) indicated area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 ανατρέψει αυτή την πορεία της ανεξαρτητοποίηση της Ευρώπης(ή της gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Γερμανίας). Ένα άλλο σενάριο είναι η Ευρώπη να παραμείνει μεν Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, of low-income and thethis placement there of ημιτελής καιofμικρή ωςusually πολιτική οντότητα, δίχως να οδηγείται σεartists, ένα the operation art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has,Ηνωμένων results alsoΠολιτειών, rising of land prices theof κράτος ομοσπονδιακού τύπου αλλά μια (and χαλαρή whatever other consequences has, results alsoτην rising of land κάτω pricesκαι (and the potential relative speculation). ομοσπονδία κρατών, με την Αμερική μέσα, Γερμανία την potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification found at first in the UK in early 1960s it refers to Ρωσία έξω...δηλαδή, να isπαραμείνει τουλάχιστονόπως είναιand η τρέχουσα The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor κατάσταση (στις trend διεθνείς wealthy σχέσειςpeople και το ρου των κρατών και τηςof the then observed to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are ιστορίας τα πράγματα στατικά δε μένουν). και ένα London, upgrade them, stayμόνο themselves sometimes there andΥπάρχει thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. χειρότερο σενάριο που αναφέρεται είτε σε διάσπαση ευρωζώνης ή being indirectly “squeezed”.

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1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin,Οι where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: πρώτες αναταράξεις στην Ευρώπη ΚΑΙ ΟΧΙ ΜΟΝΟ, φαίνεται services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for πως μπορεί ναof,έχουν ορίζοντα τα έτη 2019-2021 (ΠΟΥ ΜΠΟΡΕΙ ΝΑ lower living cost “withdrawal” from private easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she came back to London, in According 1943 she published regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the ΕΞΕΛΙΧΘΕΙ καιanother σεstudies Παγκόσμια Χρηματοοικονομική Αναταραχή σε to approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying συνδυασμό με το BREXIT, το Παγκόσμιο Χρέοςπου είναι σε μεγαλύτερα her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban in 10th edit. απ Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

The Free Encyclopedia: επίπεδα το 2008,etc., το for τεράστιο εταιρικό και WIKIPEDIA: τραπεζικό χρέος τηςweb, Κίνας Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: wetzel/gentry.htm aσυν variety of ways, inανάπτυξη order Abstract. to achieve the την “assisted”, “voluntary”, την αναιμική στιςhttp://www.uncanny.net/ ΗΠΑ, άνοδο του δολαρίου(actually και την 101 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

αλλαγή της νομισματικής πολιτικής των Κεντρικών Τραπεζών, με τερματισμό των πολιτικών νομισματικής χαλάρωσης και την αλλαγή σε νομισματική σύσφιξη, τις αυξήσεις επιτοκίων κλπ)και υπάρχει και ένας ακόμα χρονικός ορίζοντας για το bigONE περί το 2023-25 ως τα έτη που πιθανόν να ολοκληρωθεί ο μέγα πτωτικός κύκλος ως ουρά του 2008 καθώς σε κείνα τα έτη υπολογίζεται να κλείνει ο πιστωτικός

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS κύκλος που άνοιξε το 2009.

Harvard University, Graduate Schoolθα of έρθει, Design,υπάρχει Student, Σ αυτή τη νέα αναταραχή που αργά ή γρήγορα

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect και ο παράγοντας επιβίωσης του ίδιουStudent του ευρώ καθώς παρά τα of the School of Architecture διαπιστωμένα προβλήματα λάθη και παραλείψεις στην University αρχιτεκτονική Technical of Crete του νομίσματος δεν έγιναν πολλά για να διορθωθούν. Αντιθέτως τα 1. Introductory concept πλέον σημαντικάapproach: ακόμα Defining είναι σεthe εκκρεμότητα. Δεν υπάρχει ακόμα 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, Greek philosopher, BCη- 370 BC, Athens), τραπεζική ένωση the με ancient προσχώματα τα οποία (444 τηρεί Γερμανία ούτε ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great πανευρωπαϊκή εγγύηση καταθέσεων με ένα σημαντικό ποσό the ως among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. backupστην περίπτωση που συμβεί κάτι και σε περίπτωση κατά την acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term οποία μπορεί να δημιουργηθεί bankrun.

1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Επίσης το γεγονός ότι η λειτουργεί ωςfrom lastresortlender gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” ofΕΚΤ a cityδε the removal this, (in various κατά τα πρότυπα της FED. Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, Ένας από τουςusually στόχους τηςetc. Αμερικήςείναι να μεγαλώσει το the operation of art galleries, restaurants, However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences results also of landτώρα prices είναι (and the μερίδιό other της στην αγορά has, ενέργειας τηςrising οποίας οof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). ΜΕΓΑΛΥΤΕΡΟΣ ΠΑΡΑΓΩΓΟΣ στον Πλανήτη η οποίαθα ΕΞΑΓΕΙ και όχι potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UKshale in earlyμε 1960s and it refers to θα ΕΙΣΑΓΕΙ χάρη στην τεχνολογία του στόχευση της The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor παραγωγής της τηtrend δυτική wealthy Ευρώπηpeople απ όπου θα property θέλει ναinεκτοπίσει τη the then observed to there buy areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus oldpoor residents areof Ρωσία η upgrade οποία θα αναγκαστεί να sometimes ανακατευθύνει μέρος τωνresidents αγορών London, them, stay themselves there and thus old are being indirectly “squeezed”. που θα χάσει απο την Ευρώπη προς την Ασία....τα παραπάνω being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth σημαίνουν το μέλλον,ότι η δομή της Ευρώπης..όπως την ξέρουμε A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at theγια same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major όπωςinεπίσης και η ΕΙΡΗΝΗ στα Researchers. εδάφη της δεν είναι δεδομένα. cities Western countries, by other cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, issue has several scholars and for its more Όσο για the την Ελλάδα....βρίσκεται ΑΝΑΜΕΣΑ σε τρεις γεωπολιτικές Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for itsστην more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from various συμπληγάδες. Ευρώπη (Γερμανία).. Αμερική... ίσως Ρωσία...the και comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: πάντα σε αναβρασμό για επέκταση προς τα δυτικά Τουρκία... που ΝΑ interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups ΜΑΣΤΕ σίγουροι, απλά ετοιμάζεται,...προετοιμάζεται.... και περιμένει to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money την ΕΥΚΑΙΡΙΑ. Η Ελλάδα πρέπει να προσέξει την φαινομενική and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the γεωπολιτική στροφή Τουρκίας την Ρωσία και search τα κοινά τους 1.of The termat comes fromτης Sociologist Ruth προς GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her first studies. Inτης 1932Ανατολικής she published an important study entitled: συμφέροντα που είναι ο έλεγχος Μεσογείου και η μη services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for εξόρυξη των κοιτασμάτων περιοχής προκειμένου lower living costσύνδεση of, in “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc.where studies andκαι research Geneva, Prague, London and car Newτης York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the αθροιστικά να κατευθυνθούν ωςthe νότιος αγωγός την τροφοδοσία to another approach, phenomenon isπρος due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying της ευρωπαϊκής αγοράς. Η Ρωσία δεν θέλει επουδενί να χάσει την her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., theCodepreciation initially ofτην partΕυρώπη. of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: προνομιακή θέση του ναfor τροφοδοτεί με ενέργεια G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Παρένθεση, στον σημερινό κόσμο υπάρχουν δύο σημαντικές παγκόσμιες εμπορικές αρτηρίες. Η βόρια, που σταδιακά ανοίγει λόγω της τήξεως των πάγων και την νότια μέσω του Σουέζ και της Ανατολικής Μεσογείου. Η Ελλάδα λόγω γεωγραφικής θέσης ελέγχει την εν λόγω περιοχή αλλά και μέσω του εμπορικού της στόλου παίζει μεγάλο και σημαντικό ρόλο στην πολύ σημαντική αυτή ζωτική περιοχή George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS για τα παγκόσμια δυτικά αλλά By καιMr. ελληνικά συμφέροντα. Πρέπει να Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, θυμηθεί ότι ΠΡΕΠΕΙ εκ των ων ουκ άνευ να επενδύσει στο μέλλον της

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect και την επιβίωσή της και την ανάπτυξήStudent της ηofοποία είναι άρρηκτα the School of Architecture συνδεδεμένη με το εμπόριο, τη θάλασσα και τιςTechnical δυτικέςUniversity δυνάμειςofπου Crete ελέγχουν τις θάλασσες. Πρέπει να επενδύσει στην ανάπτυξη και 1. Introductory approach: τόσο Defining concept της Ναυτικού αλλά και ανανέωση και εξοπλισμό τουthe Πολεμικού 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ancient Greek philosopher, τηςANTISTHENIS, ναυπηγικής τηςthe Βιομηχανίας.

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), amongΜεγάλη other wise heritageστην he left us, he established a great the ΠΡΟΣΟΧΗ Κίνα..καθώς ΗΔΗ (444 εκεί υπάρχουν ΣΑΦΕΙΣ among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ΕΝΔΕΙΞΕΙΣ η Οικονομία της the κατευθύνεται σε νέο καθοδικό κύκλο acquisition ofότι knowledge starts with the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term εκτιμήσεων το on ΑΕΠ και η εκεί πτώση της ζήτησης μπορεί να 1για Based, therefore, this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, theέχει term (and urban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 επιπτώσεις στην Παγκόσμια οικονομία καθώς αρκετές χώρες εξάγουν gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various εκεί πολύτιμα μέταλλα και πρώτες ύλες.

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, Θρυαλλίδα για usually εξελίξεις αρνητικές μπορεί να αποτελέσει το the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences results also of landεπιτοκίων prices (andπου theof ισχυρότερο δολάριο και η has, σκανδάλη οι 3rising αυξήσεις whatever other consequences results also rising of land (and the potential relative speculation). αναμένονται για το 2018...με has, επιπτώσεις που μπορεί να prices αποδειχθούν potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification found at first the UK in early 1960sλάθος and it refers καταλυτικές. Σημαντικέςis ενδείξεις ότιinκάτι μπορεί να πάει είναι to ο The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor δείκτης target2 στην Ευρώπη και η ανατίμηση του ευρώ πέραν του the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof 1,23 προς το them, δολάριο είναι προβληματική τηνoldεξαγωγική London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes there για and thus residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. βιομηχανία της“squeezed”. αύξηση μισής μονάδας στα 10yr Japanese being indirectly A description ofΕυρώπης, this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth bonds και στα capital out flows από Ευρώπη Ιαπωνία Κίνα major προς A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work ofκαι Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Αμερική και ΕΙΔΙΚΑ προς δολάριο. cities in Western countries, byτο other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has scholarsλόγους and for είναι its more Επίσης πολύ σημαντικές για several τους ίδιους η Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various παρακολούθηση της κίνησης τιμών στο πετρέλαιο είτε κάτω απ τα 35$ comprehensivethe approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations phenomenon of gentrification, theδιαφορετικούς following: είτε πάνω απofτα 75$ (τρέχουσα τιμή 65$) για λόγους interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups όπως και στο χρυσό είτε σε τιμές προς τα 750$/ozή προς τα 1800$/oz. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Τιμές προς τα πάνω σημαίνει πως θα προκληθούν πληθωριστικές and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the πιέσεις μεterm αυξήσεις τιμών κλπ και τα1912-1940. κάτω αποπληθωρισμός μεin 1.of The from Sociologist Ruthπρος GLASS, Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. Inκαι 1932 she published an important study entitled: νέα ανάγκη για τύπωμα χρήματος αύξηση εκ νέου των ισολογισμών services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for των Κεντρικών Τραπεζών και μείωση ο lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private car access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and Neweasier Yorkεπιτοκίων. she came to back toΕπίσης London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher την in the δείκτηςDowανεβαίνει από ρεκόρ σε ρεκόρ to another approach, the is πριμοδοτώντας due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers public and long-term effort by organized manufacturers, ofaction buying απληστία και θυμίζοντας κάτι απ groups, τις εποχές του 1929Herκαι του 2007 her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of Moment. part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: πλησιάζοντας όλο και περισσότερο σε ένα Minsky G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Καλό είναι επίσης να βλέπουμε ότι οι Κρίσεις επιστρέφουν κυκλικά ανάλογα με το λεγόμενο businesscycleκαι τον λεγόμενο χρηματοοικονομικό κύκλο κλπ./ Τις φυσιολογικές εποχές στις ΗΠΑ προ των QE ο Business Cycle είχε έναν κύκλο περί τα 6-8 χρόνια. Ο δε χρηματοοικονομικός κύκλος δλδ απ την επέκταση και μετά στο deleverage και σύσφιξη ήταν περίπου στα 15 χρόνια. Τώρα τί

By Mr. ATHANASOPOULOS βλέπουμε;; Ότι σταδιακά τελειώνει ο George-Sp. μεν κύκλοςC.της επέκτασης των Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Κεντρικών Τραπεζών που αλλοίωσαν μετά το 2008 τα χαρακτηριστικά

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect των οικονομικών κύκλων και κλείνουν ήStudent θα κλείνουν τις στρόφιγγες of the School of Architecture αρχής γενομένης απ την FED ήδη από τα τέλη του 2014. University of Crete Technical Ωσονούπω, η Αμερικανική Κεντρική ετοιμάζεται να συρρικνώσει Introductory της approach: Defining the concept τον1. ισολογισμό μη ανανεώνοντας τα MBS με ρυθμούς σύσφιξης 1.

Introductory approach: Definingphilosopher, the concept ANTISTHENIS, ancient BC, Athens), κάπου 40 δις $ τοtheμήνα με Greek στόχο κάπου τα (444 1,4 BC τρις- 370 $. Hδε EKT με ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great απαίτηση της Γερμανίας ήθελε μετά τις Γερμανικές εκλογές the να among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with ofκαι the content concepts. με ξεκινήσει διαδικασία tappering στο QEόπερ εγένετο αργότερα acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term βραδείς ρυθμούς γιατί θεωρούσε ότιisinτης δημιουργεί προβλήματα. δε 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if (in notthe final, approach, theΗterm gentrification) indicated area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 BOE επίσης είναι σε αναζήτηση για σύσφιξη πολιτικής και η BOJ gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various αναμένεται να τελειώσει το τεράστιο πρόγραμμά της ποσοτικής Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, of low-income and thethis placement of artists, χαλάρωσης γύρω στοusually 2018-2019! Οπόταν...οι μεγαλύτερες και πιο the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the σημαντικές Κεντρικές Τράπεζες του Πλανήτη περί τα 2019-2020 θαof whatever other consequences results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). βρίσκονται ΤΑΥΤΟΓΧΡΟΝΑ σεhas, διαδικασίες είτε αύξησης επιτοκίων είτε potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK early 1960s andπολιτικής it refers to συρρίκνωσης των ισολογισμών τους...δλδ σεinσύσφιξη της The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor τους με το χρήμα trend λογικά wealthy να καθίσταται και άνοδο τωνof the then observed people toακριβότερο buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are επιτοκίων δανεισμού.

London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Διανύουμε χρόνια απis την τελευταία οικονομική κρίσηRuth και being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description ofήδη this 10 phenomenon included in the work of Sociologist με A βάση τους οικονομικούς κύκλους, αυτό (μια δηλαδή description of this phenomenon is situations included inwere the workανοδική of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major αγορά)στατιστικά ως τα τώρα,Researchers. δεν μπορεί να υπερβεί τα 12 συνεχή cities in Western countries, by other cities in Και Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue cycle has several scholars and more χρόνια. ο business και όλοι οι υπόλοιποι δείκτες σεfor μιαitsομαλή Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various παγκόσμια αγορά, αργά ή γρήγορα θα πρέπει να υποχωρήσουν. Ανmore δε, comprehensivethe approach are being summarized from the various interpretations phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: αυτά συμβούνofσε χρονιά με προβλήματα που θα μπορεί να ανακύψουν interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups ταυτόχρονα, τότε μπορεί ναisξεσπάσει η Καταιγίδα των Καταιγίδων. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Ανακεφαλαιώνοντας βλέπουμε στον ορίζοντα να and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the συγκεντρώνονται αρκετά ανησυχητικά σημάδια ταRuth οποία απόin 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

GLASSείτε wasbetter born sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin,τους whereείτε she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: μόνα σε συνδυασμό δύνανται να δημιουργήσουν στα αμέσως services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for επόμενα μια εκρηκτική κατάσταση ακόμα εύθραστη lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access to markets, etc.where studies and χρόνια research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier Yorkστην she came back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 she teacher the παγκόσμια οικονομία που από the άποψη χρέους αντοχών είναι in σε to another approach, isκαι due tobecame a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying χειρότερη θέση από κείνη που ήταν πριν από το 2008. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

104

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

2019 είναι έτος Brexit. Το Λονδίνο είναι πολύ σημαντικό παγκόσμιο εμπορικό κέντρο και ένα άσχημο Brexit θα έχει σίγουρα σημαντικές επιπτώσεις στη Βρετανία και όχι μόνο.

To2019 αναμένεται να είναι το έτος ταυτόχρονης σύσφιγξης της Πολιτικής των μεγαλύτερων Κεντρικών Τραπεζών του Πλανήτη. Η Αμερικάνικη Κεντρική θα «σέρνει» το ρυθμό κάνοντας το χρήμα

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ακριβότερο και θα θαχει ως αποτέλεσμα την αύξηση του χρέους των Harvard University, Graduate School of Student, αναδυόμεων λόγω του ότι η αύξηση των επιτοκίωνDesign, θα σημαίνει

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect σταδιακή άνοδο της ισοτιμίας του έναντιStudent των κυριότερων νομισμάτων of the School of Architecture αφενός και αφετέρου τεράστιος όγκος χρήματοςTechnical θα κατευθύνεται προς University of Crete το δολάριο προκειμένου να εκμεταλλευθεί τα αυξημένα επιτόκια όπως 1. Introductory approach: Defining επίσης και το λεγόμενο carry trade.the concept 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek Αν το 2019 συνδυαστεί με τηνphilosopher, οικονομική επιβράδυνση της Κίνας ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek BC -“principle”: Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he a great the που απορροφά παγκόσμια ζήτηση philosopher, σεestablished πρώτες (444 ύλες, με 370 τονBC, εμπορικό among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. πόλεμο καιofτους δασμούς που επέβαλλαν οι ΗΠΑ σε Κίναofκαι Ευρώπη acquisition knowledge starts with theindefinition the content concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term τότεBased, διαφαίνονται καιisinindicated πλευρά να 1 (and urban therefore, onδυσκολίες this “principle” aστην first, ifΕυρωπαϊκή notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 διατηρήσει ικανοποιητικούς ρυθμούς ανάπτυξης. gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Όπως επίσης προείπαμε, πέρασαν ήδη δέκα χρόνια απ την Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually ofκρίση low-income and thethis placement there of artists, τελευταία χρηματοικονομική και έχουμε μπει σε μια ανοδική the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences results also rising of στατιστικά land prices (and αγορά που φαίνεται να είναιhas, δίχως τέλος. Ανέκαθεν τόσοthe οιof whatever otherυφέσεις consequences results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). αμερικανικές που has, προκαλούσαν παγκόσμια αναταραχή, potential relative speculation).

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Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her first studies. Καταστροφής.

In 1932 she published anδιόρθωση important study entitled: χαρακτήριζε ως Μέσα Μαζικής Μια 10% σε services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for αυτά τα ισοδυναμεί με απώλεια αξίας περίπου όσοetc.ένα lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access to markets, studies and προϊόντα research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came back to London, where in According 1943 Παγκόσμιο she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.Προϊόν.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the ετήσιο Παραγόμενο Ακαθάριστο to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Η γενιά μας κάνει πραγματικότητα την ευχή των Κινέζων «είθε να her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ζήσεις σεWil. ενδιαφέροντες καιρούς»…λίγο πριν τιςof παρυφές της δεύτερης Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ aδεκαετίας variety of του ways, in order to να achieve the εφαρμογή “assisted”, “voluntary”, 2000 ίσως βρίσκει η wetzel/gentry.htm ρήση του (actually Αντόνιο 105 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns Ξένη Βιβλιογραφία

Γκράμσι. «Ο παλιός κόσμος πεθαίνει, ο καινούργιος παλεύει να γεννηθεί. Ζούμε στην εποχή των τεράτων» 1. Brzezinski, Zbignew (1997) The Grand Chessboard: American Primacy and Its Geostrategic Imperatives.

United States of America: Basic

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Books Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Πηγές από το Διαδίκτυο Architect

106

Student of the School of Architecture https://www.economist.com/news/europe/21717981-donald-trumpsTechnical University of Crete questioning-natos-credibility-has-berlin-thinking-unthinkable-germans-are https://www.businessinsider.com/doubts-about-trump-us-defense-spark-nuclear1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept weapons-debate-in-germany-2018-8 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), https://www.eurofound.europa.eu/publications/article/2003/chancellor-proposesANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), agenda-2010-to-revive-economy among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the https://www.omfif.org/analysis/commentary/2018/may/germanys-importantamong other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the target-2-debate/ acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

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In 1950 she became teacher in the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and 7342fe5e173f University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying http://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2016/05/01/warren-buffett-issues-a-freshher work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. warning-about-derivatives-timebomb/ and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Epitheorisi-athanasopoulos.webnode.gr G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Οι Ανεξάρτητες Διοικητικές Αρχές GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Η περίπτωση της Ελλάδος Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Concerns

Του κ. Παρ. – Γρηγ. ΣΜΙΓΑΔΗ

Πτυχ. Διαχείρ. Ανθρωπ. Πόρων και Διοίκ., Εθν. και Καποδ. Πανεπ. Αθηνών.

Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS Πτυχ. Σχολής By Διοικητικών ΑΣΣΥ C. Πολεμικής Αεροπορίας.

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Migration Studies in European University of Florence.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Μεταπτ. Τίτλος Ανθρωπ. Σπουδών στην Ορθόδοξη Θεολογία Student of the School of Architecture του Ελληνικού Technical Ανοικτού University Πανεπιστημίου. of Crete Μεταπτ. Σπ. στο Διεθνές και Ευρωπαϊκό Οικονομικό Δίκαιο του Πανεπ. ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among wise heritage he leftthe us,definition heΑΡΧΕΣ established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. the ΟΙ other ΑΝΕΞΑΡΤΗΤΕΣ ΔΙΟΙΚΗΤΙΚΕΣ acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

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101Α§2 του Συντάγματος, από τη Berlin, where she made her first In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment.

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In 1950 sheto became teacher the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research.

Her public action and Διάσκεψηinformal των Προέδρων ασκεί groups, κοινοβουλευτική εποπτεία στις εν long-term effort by organized manufacturers, brokers of buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. λόγω Ανεξάρτητες and selling realCOLLINS estate,Αρχές. etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Μη συνταγματικά κατοχυρωμένες Ανεξάρτητες Διοικητικές Αρχές Υπάρχουν και μη συνταγματικά κατοχυρωμένες Α.Δ.Α. και αυτές είναι η Επιτροπή Ανταγωνισμού, η Εθνική Επιτροπή Τηλεπικοινωνιών και Ταχυδρομείων (Ε.Ε.Τ.Τ.), η Ρυθμιστική Αρχή Ενέργειας (Ρ.Α.Ε.), η Εθνική Αναλογιστική Αρχή, η Επιτροπή Εποπτείας και Ελέγχου Παιγνίων (Ε.Ε.Ε.Π.), ο Συνήγορος του Καταναλωτή, η Εθνική Αρχή

By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS Ιατρικώς Υποβοηθούμενης Αναπαραγωγής, τοC. Εθνικό Συμβούλιο Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Δημόσιας Υγείας (Ε.ΣΥ.Δ.Υ.), η Αρχή Διασφάλισης και Πιστοποίησης της

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Ποιότητας στην Ανώτατη Εκπαίδευση (Α.ΔΙ.Π.) (αρ.10 του Student of the School of Architecture Ν.3374/2005 & αρ.64 του Ν.4009/2011), η Αρχή Καταπολέμησης της Technical University of Crete Νομιμοποίησης Εσόδων από Εγκληματικές Δραστηριότητες και της 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Χρηματοδότησης της Τρομοκρατίας και Ελέγχου των Δηλώσεων 1.

Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, Περιουσιακής Κατάστασης (Ν.3691/2008), η Επιτροπή Διερεύνησης ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Ατυχημάτων και Ασφάλειας Πτήσεων (Ν.2912/2001), η Ελληνική among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Στατιστική Αρχή (ΕΛ.ΣΤΑΤ.) ηcontent Ανεξάρτητη Αρχή acquisition of knowledge starts with(Ν.3832/2010), theindefinition the of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Δημοσίων Εσόδων (Α.Α.Δ.Ε., Ν.4389/2016), Σώμα Φορολογικών 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if το notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Διαιτητών (Σ.Φ.Δ.) (αρ.31 του Ν.3943/2011) και η Ανεξάρτητη Αρχή gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Δημοσίων Συμβάσεων και Κεντρικού Ηλεκτρονικού Μητρώου Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, Δημοσίων Συμβάσεων (Ν.4013/2011). the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of

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the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation).

1. Ιστορικά potential relative speculation).

TheΣτην term gentrification found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Ευρώπη οι isανεξάρτητες διοικητικές αρχές εμφανίστηκαν The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor στη κυρίωςtrend από τοwealthy 1950. Στις ΗΠΑ ο θεσμός εμφανίζεται απόof the Γαλλία then observed people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are τα τέλη του περασμένου αιώνα καιsometimes γενικεύεται μεand τοthus newolddeal για να London, upgrade them, stay themselves there residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. συμφιλιώσει την παρέμβαση του κράτους με την ιδεολογία της being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ελεύθερης Ονομάζονται Independent A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work ofAdministrative Sociologist Ruth GLASS at theεπιχείρησης. same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Agencies. Στη Βρετανία ονομάζονται QUANGOS (quasi – autonomous – cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue organizations). has several scholarsμας and for more non-governmmental Στη χώρα η its πρώτη Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Ανεξάρτητη Διοικητική Αρχή συστάθηκε το 1987 (με το άρθρο 9 τουmore Ν. comprehensivethe approach are being summarized from the various interpretations phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: 1730/87) καιofήταν το Ραδιοτηλεοπτικό Συμβούλιο. Έκτοτε ο θεσμός interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the is dueof to of a new of socialγια groups εξελίχθηκε καιphenomenon εμπλουτίστηκε μεa trend την ίδρυση νέων αρχών να to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money καταλήξει στην συνταγματική του κατοχύρωση με την αναθεώρηση and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the του 1.Συντάγματος termat comes from2001.

Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense ofThe safety the του distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for 2. Γέννηση lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

1950 she teacher in the Οιshe ταχύτατες εξελίξεις σεthe όλους τουςInτομείς της ζωής με την to another approach, is due tobecame a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying πολυπλοκοποίηση των προβλημάτων, τόσο στην οικονομία, το her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: εμπόριο, τιςCOLLINS νέες etc., τεχνολογίες, η αύξηση της γραφειοκρατίας, η Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aδημιουργία variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually των υπερεθνικών οργανισμών (ΕΟΚ), οι δυσλειτουργίες

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

που εμφανίζονται μέσα στη Διοίκηση και στους διοικούμενους, όσο και οι εξελίξεις στο χώρο των τηλεπικοινωνιών, της ραδιοφωνίας και της τηλεόρασης αποτελούν τους λόγους για τη γέννηση των Ανεξάρτητων Διοικητικών Αρχών. Ο νομοθέτης, είτε αδυνατεί είτε μερικές φορές συνειδητά δεν επιθυμεί να παρέμβει σε ευαίσθητους χώρους. Εξουσιοδοτεί λοιπόν αυτές τις Αρχές να εφαρμόσουν το νόμο σ’ ένα

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS τομέα ιδιαίτερο, με την ειδική αρμοδιότητα που τους έχει εμπιστευθεί.

Harvard University, Graduate School Design, Student, Οι ανεξάρτητες Διοικητικές Αρχές αποτελούν τηof νέα απάντηση

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect της πολιτικής εξουσίας στη γέννηση νέων εξουσιών (γραφειοκρατίας, Student of the School of Architecture επιστήμης, τεχνολογίας, οικονομίας) και Technical την ενίσχυση University ofτων Crete παραδοσιακών εξουσιών (πολιτική εξουσία, οικονομικές δυνάμεις).

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, 3. Αποστολή the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), amongΟιother wise heritage he left us,Αρχές he established a great the Ανεξάρτητες Διοικητικές είναι είτε διοικητικά όργανα among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ενταγμένα στο Νομικό starts Πρόσωπο του Κράτουςthe είτε Νομικά Πρόσωπα acquisition of knowledge with the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term Δημοσίου (π.χ. η Επιτροπή Ανταγωνισμού).

1 (and urban Based, Δικαίου therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Έχουν μεγάλο βαθμό ανεξαρτησίας απέναντι στην Κυβέρνηση και gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal from this, (in various συνήθως ο νομοθέτης προβλέπει ένα καθεστώς αυξημένων Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andνα thethis placement of artists, ασυμβιβάστων και ασυλιών για αυτές, αποφεύγονται κατά το the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. ώστε However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has, results alsoέχουν rising of land prices (and και theof δυνατόν other οι κάθε είδους πιέσεις. Οι Α.Δ.Α. διοικητική φύση whatever otherspeculation). consequences results also διοικητικών rising of land prices (and the potential relative αρμοδιότητες προς έκδοση has, εκτελεστών πράξεων. Η potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to εξουσία των Α.Δ.Α. μπορεί να είναι είτε κανονιστικής είτε καθαρά The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy property in poor ελεγκτικής και γνωμοδοτικής υφής.peopletotobuy the then observed trend wealthy buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof Όμως οι Α.Δ.Α. που έχουν νομική προσωπικότητα παραμένουν London, upgrade them, stayδεν themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. στον στενό πυρήνα κράτους isκαι περιλαμβάνονται Κεντρική being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of thisτου phenomenon included in the work of στην Sociologist Ruth Διοίκηση ή Δημόσιο Κράτος (Ν.4270/2014, περίπτωση παρ.

1 A description ofperiod, thisήphenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded inστ' other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major άρθρου 14). countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western cities in Western countries, other προστασία Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Επιφορτισμένες μεbypreoccupied την των δικαιωμάτων του Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various ανθρώπου (προστασία των ατομικών ελευθεριών και των κοινωνικών comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations ofτων the phenomenon of gentrification, following: δικαιωμάτων), πολιτικών ελευθεριών, τηςthe φιλελεύθερης πολιτικής interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups φιλοσοφίας και προστασίας των αξιών του δυτικού πολιτισμού, η to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money αποστολή τους δεν σταματά στην προειδοποίηση παραβάσεων, αλλά and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the και 1.στην επιβολή κυρώσεων στους παραβάτες, είτε αυτεπαγγέλτως term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS for wasbetter born in sense ofThe safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, search Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 sheαρχών. published an important study entitled: είτε κατόπιν προσκλήσεως των δημοσίων services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Τι είναι οι ανεξάρτητες διοικητικές lower living costόμως of, in “withdrawal” from private access to markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier Yorkαρχές; she cameΕίναι back toλειτουργία London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the του Κράτους; διοικητικές; Είναι ανεξάρτητες; Από τι; Γιατί; Έχουν toΕίναι another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying και ποια διοικητική δομή; Έχουν νομική προσωπικότητα; Πρόκειται για her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: νέο τρόπο εμφανίσεως της λειτουργίας τηςof part πολιτικής εξουσίας; Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aΠροβλέπονται variety of ways, in order to achieve theτη“assisted”, “voluntary”, από το Σύνταγμα; Με νομιμοποίησή τους τι(actually γίνεται;

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

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Αποτελούν μέσα στο Κράτος πηγή δικαίου; Το Κράτος ευθύνεται για τις πράξεις τους; είναι θεσμοί «αντιεξουσιαστικοί»; Αυτά τα ερωτήματα (και ο κατάλογος δεν τελειώνει) δεν προβληματίζουν μόνον τους θεωρητικούς του Δικαίου. Προβληματίζουν τους κοινοβουλευτικούς, το διοικητικό δικαστή αλλά και κάθε πολίτη. Η απάντηση σ’ αυτά δίνει το στίγμα του θεσμού. Με

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS την γέννηση αρκετών ανεξάρτητων διοικητικών αρχών ενδιαφέρει Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, κάθε Έλληνα πολίτη.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Η θητεία τους είναι σχετικά μακράStudent και κυμαίνεται από 4Architect έως 9 of the School of Architecture χρόνια. Η επιλογή των μελών γίνεται συνήθως Technical από μια University συγκεκριμένη of Crete κατηγορία προσωπικοτήτων (μελών ανωτάτων δικαστηρίων, 1. Introductory approach: Defining theήconcept Πανεπιστημίων, κοινοβουλευτικών) μετά από πρόταση αυτών των 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, αρχών. Όσον αφορά τη σύνθεση αυτών των αρχών θα πρέπει να ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise he left us, he established aμέλη. great the σημειώσουμε τι heritage αποτελούνται από 3 έως 21(444 Τα μέλη τους among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. οπλίζονται μεknowledge οργανική starts και λειτουργική ανεξαρτησία. acquisition of with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Η οργανική αναφέρεται: 1 (and ανεξαρτησία Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 α) στην περιορισμένη διάρκεια εντολής, στο μηthis, ανανεώσιμο gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisτης area, the removal from (in various της εντολής, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of προς artists, β)ofστην ύπαρξη ασυμβίβαστων ασυλιών για ταthere μέλη, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.και However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has, εξουσιών results also(δημοσίων rising of land (and theof αποφυγήother πιέσεων των ποικίλων και prices ιδιωτικών), whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). γ) στη σύνθεση του οργάνου, potential relative speculation).

Theδ) term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to στον τρόπο διορισμού.

The term gentrification is found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Η λειτουργική τουςofwealthy ανεξαρτησία συνίσταται στο γεγονός ότι δενof the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents are δέχονται ούτε them, ιεραρχική εξουσίαsometimes (διαταγή ή and απαγόρευση) ούτε London, upgrade stay themselves there thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. εποπτεία. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth οικονομική τους ανεξαρτησία συνίσταται γεγονός ότι έχουν AΗ description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere theστο work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major ίδιο in προϋπολογισμό, δικές τους προσόδους, π.χ. στην cities Western countries,σπάνια by otherόμως Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since the issue has several scholars and for its Ελλάδα ηthen, Εθνική Επιτροπή Ενέργειας (βλ. το προσχέδιο – νόμου γιαmore την Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various ίδρυση της Εθνικής Επιτροπής Ενέργειας). Γι’ αυτόν το λόγο comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: κατέχονται από αίσθημα αβεβαιότητας εξαιτίας του γεγονότος ότι η interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, aκρατικό trend of aπροϋπολογισμό new of social σχετική πίστωση εγγράφεται στον κάθεgroups έτος, to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money κατόπιν βέβαια επιχορήγησης του οικείου Υπουργείου. Αξίζει να and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the σημειωθεί ότι δενdistributed υπόκεινται σε δημοσιονομικό έλεγχο των for εξόδων 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS was born in sense safety atcomes the residencies outside town centres, better Berlin,και where she madeφορές her first studies.

In 1932κάθε she published an important study entitled: τους μερικές εκφεύγουν ελέγχου a priori από το services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Ελεγκτικό Συνέδριο. lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

1950 sheto became teacher in the Τοshe Κράτος έχει την πρωτοβουλία στηInδημιουργία ή εξαφάνισή to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying τους με νόμο ή διάταγμα, αφού η απουσία συνταγματικής her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web,τις in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Encyclopedia: κατοχύρωσης επιτρέπει στην πολιτική εξουσία να ιδρύει ήFree να παύει Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aΑρχές. variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns 4. Αρχές

Οι ανεξάρτητες διοικητικές αρχές αποτελούν μέρος της Διοίκησης του Κράτους και ειδικότερα της κεντρικής Διοίκησης (Administration centrale). Οι ΑΔΑ έχουν την έννομη ικανότητα προς έκδοση εκτελεστών

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS πράξεων και την οργανική ικανότητα που προσδίδει στο όργανο την Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, ιδιότητα της αρχής. Δεν είναι οργανισμοί που παρέχουν απλώς γνώμη,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect όπως οι «Επιτροπές των Σοφών», οι Student οποίες ofλειτουργούν σε ρόλο the School of Architecture καθαρά συμβουλευτικό. Δεν έχουν μόνο αρμοδιότητες συμβουλευτικού Technical University of Crete οργάνου, αλλά μια εξουσία αποφασιστική. Συνήθως βέβαια 1. Introductory όργανα approach:της Defining the concept συμβουλευτικά Διοίκησης εξελίσσονται σε Ανεξάρτητες 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, Διοικητικές Αρχές.the Εδώ βέβαια τίθεται το πρόβλημα της αναζήτησης ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other heritage he θα left us, he established aδιαπίστωση, great the εκείνου του wise κριτηρίου που μας οδηγήσει στη εάν μια among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. αρχή είναι πραγματικά μια αρχή εκδίδει εκτελεστές πράξεις και όχι acquisition of knowledge starts with που theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term ένα Based, από τα συμβουλευτικά όργανα Ηofθεωρία 1 (and therefore, on this “principle” inindicated aτης first,Διοίκησης. if (in notthe final, approach, theτου term urban gentrification) is area Planning) (or gentrification 1 διοικητικού δικαίου όπως η νομολογία των δικαστηρίων δίνει την gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various απάντηση. Όταν ο ίδιος ο νομοθέτης εντάσσει στην κατηγορία των Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income thethis placement there of ήartists, ΑΔΑ ένα όργανο, αυτό θα πρέπει να However τοand θεωρήσουμε αρκετό, θα the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has,εάν results also risingοι of προϋποθέσεις land prices (andπου theof πρέπει ναother δούμε πραγματικά συντρέχουν whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, δικαίου. results also rising of ότι landθα prices (andνα the potential relative θέτει η θεωρία του διοικητικού Φρονούμε πρέπει potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UKπρος in early 1960s and it refers to διαπιστώσουμε, τόσο την έννομη ικανότητα έκδοση εκτελεστών The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor διοικητικών πράξεων, όσο και το γεγονός ότιbuy η συγκεκριμένη αρχή έχειof the then observed trend wealthy people to in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes thereproperty and thus old residents are την οργανική ικανότητα που προσδίδει στο there όργανο ιδιότητα της London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and την thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. αρχής. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth τις isοποίες ανεξάρτητες AΟι description ofperiod, this πράξεις phenomenon included εκδίδουν inwere the recorded work οι of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at εκτελεστές the same while similar situations in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major διοικητικές αρχές, υπόκεινται έλεγχο του διοικητικού δικαστή. Οι cities in Western countries, by otherστον Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue several and(διαιτητικά, for its more ΑΔΑ διακρίνονται και has από άλλα όργανα τουscholars Κράτους Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and forκαι its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from various πειθαρχικά) τα οποία εκδίδουν δικαστικές αποφάσεις the όχι comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations διοικητικές. of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money 5. Διοικητικές and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Αν πρέπει γιαdistributed συστηµατικούς ναtown διακρίνουµε το δίκαιο σεin The termat comes from Sociologist Ruthλόγους GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born sense1.of safety the residencies outside centres, for Berlin, where she ιδιωτικό, made her first οι studies.

In 1932 she published an important studyχώρο, entitled: δηµόσιο κι Α.∆.Α. ανήκουν στο δηµόσιο services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for συγκεκριµένα δε in στο χώρο της διοίκησης. από κανόνες του lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private easier access to markets, etc. studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car New∆ιέπονται York she came back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the δηµόσιου, δηµόσιο χαρακτήρα, συστήνονται και toέχουν another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying χρηµατοδοτούνται από το δηµόσιο. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part στον of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Έχουν πολυσήµαντες λειτουργίες, η καθεµιά τοµέα της, Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aχωρίς varietyωστόσο of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually να προορίζονται για τη διοίκηση µιας αντίστοιχης

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

υπηρεσίας. Οι Α.∆.Α. διαθέτουν την απαραίτητη για το χαρακτηρισµό τους ως αρχών οργανική ενότητα. Έχουν έννοµη ικανότητα έκδοσης εκτελεστών πράξεων και διαθέτουν ικανό για την αποτελεσµατική εκτέλεση των καθηκόντων τους εύρος αρµοδιοτήτων. Μπορούμε να ορίσουμε τις διοικητικές αρχές σαν όργανα διοικητικά ατομικά ή συλλογικά τα οποία ενεργούν (με νομικές

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS πράξεις) στο όνομα ενός δημόσιου νομικού προσώπου. Αλλά αυτή η Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, γενική νομική προσέγγιση είναι ανεπαρκής. Από τη μια πλευρά, η

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect πράξη η οποία εκδίδεται στο όνομα του Student Κράτους αφορά όχι μόνον τις of the School of Architecture διοικητικές αρχές, αλλά και τις άλλες αρχές (αρχηγός του Κράτους, Technical University of Crete νομοθετικές αρχές, δικαστικές αρχές). Από την άλλη πλευρά, πρόκειται 1. Introductory Defining the concept πάντα για μια approach: πράξη που εκδίδεται στο όνομα ενός δημόσιου 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek προσώπου; Η απάντηση δίνεται σταphilosopher, εγχειρίδια του διοικητικού δικαίου ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, ΝΠΙΔ). he established(444 a great the (έκδοση διοικητικών πράξεων από among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Οι ΑΔΑ δημιουργούνται από δημόσιαtheπρωτοβουλία, έχουν acquisition of knowledge starts with the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term δημόσιο δημόσιο δίκαιο διέπει, τροφοδοτούνται 1 (and urban Based,χαρακτήρα, therefore, onτοthis “principle” inindicated aτις first, if (in notthe final, approach, theαπό term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 τα δημόσια χρήματα. Οι ΑΔΑ δεν αναλαμβάνουν την άμεση διοικητική gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various διαχείριση μιας υπηρεσίας. Είναι επενδυμένες στο διοικητικό Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually ofλειτουργίες low-income and thethis placement there of artists, σχεδιασμό, από διαφορετικές πολύ σύνθετες. Διαθέτοντας the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results rising of landτην prices (and theof ένα ιδιαίτερο status, στο βαθμό πουalso διαφεύγοντας ιεραρχική whatever consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). υποταγή –other βρίσκονται εκτός συστήματος. potential relative speculation).

TheΣτην term gentrification is found at first in the UK in earlyνομοθέτης 1960s and it refers to ελληνική πραγματικότητα ο Έλληνας άλλοτε The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor αναφέρει την ίδρυση μιαςwealthy ΑΔΑ ως διοικητική αρχή και άλλοτε ωςof the then observed trend people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are δημόσια αρχή, them, χωρίςstay βέβαια να sometimes θέλει να there προσδώσει διαφορετικό London, upgrade themselves and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. περιεχόμενο στη την άλλη περίπτωση. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description ofμία thisήphenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth

112

A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Ανεξάρτητες cities in6.Western countries, by other Researchers. cities Western countries, bypreoccupied other του Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars andσημαντικός. for its more Οinπιο αμφιλεγόμενος όρος θεσμού αλλά και ο πιο Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from Αφού αυτή η ιδέα της ανεξαρτησίας είναι που προσδιορίζει the θεμελιακά comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: τη σχέση ανάμεσα στις ΑΔΑ και τις παραδοσιακές διοικητικές δομές. interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: a sense, theof phenomenon is dueόρο togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups ΓιαInνα απαντήσει κανείς στον ανεξάρτητες θα πρέπει να δει το to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money θεσμό των ΑΔΑ σε σχέση με τις τρεις εξουσίες του Κράτους. Για την and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the εξασφάλιση της ανεξαρτησίας έχουν ληφθεί ορισµένα µέτρα. Σταin 1.of The termαυτής from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: πλαίσια αυτής της παρουσιάσεως θα πρέπει εξαρχής να αναφέρουμε services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for τα εξής: lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 published studies cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 she teacher in the 1)she Η ανεξαρτησία δεregarding θεμελιώνει αναγκαστικά την κάθε to another approach, the is due tobecame aαπουσία systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying ελέγχου. Δεν πρόκειται δηλαδή περί απολύτου ανεξαρτησίας γεγονός her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: που θα ήταν ασυμβίβαστο μεCodepreciation τοLtd. Σύνταγμα.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification 2) Οι ΑΔΑ δεν ανήκουν στη νομοθετική εξουσία, έχουν όμως νομοθετικές αρμοδιότητες. Concerns

3) Οι ΑΔΑ δεν ανήκουν στη δικαστική εξουσία, έχουν όμως

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS δικαστικές αρμοδιότητες.

Harvard University, School of Design, Student, 4) Οι ΑΔΑ δεν μπορούν παρά Graduate να εκπροσωπούν το Κράτος,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect συμμετέχοντας στις τρεις εξουσίες του.

Student of the School of Architecture 5) Προϋποθέσεις απαραίτητες για την ανεξαρτησία αυτώνofτων Technical University Crete αρχών αποτελούν τόσο η οργανική, όσο και η λειτουργική τους 1. Introductory approach: Defining theαπαλλαγµένες concept ανεξαρτησία. Επίσης οι Α.∆.Α. είναι από ιεραρχική και 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, διοικητική εποπτεία. Ας σημειωθεί ότι στα πλαίσια της λειτουργικής ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the τους ανεξαρτησίας δεν αναφερόμαστε τόσο στην -απουσία κάθε among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ιεραρχικής εξουσίας πάνω σεwith αυτές τις αρχές,ofόσο στην ελευθερία της acquisition of knowledge starts theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term πράξης τους, η οποία περνά από την αυτονομία της οργάνωσης 1 (and Based, therefore, onβέβαια this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 και της λειτουργίας τους. gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various 6) Είναι ένας θεσμός ο οποίος γεννάται από τη βούληση του Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, of low-income and thethis placement of artists, νομοθέτη χωρίς να έχειusually συνταγματική the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.κατοχύρωση.

However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless Σημεία ενθαρρυντικά ανεξαρτησίας whatever other consequencesκαι has,ενισχυτικά results alsoτης rising of land pricesτων (andΑΔΑ theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative αποτελούν: potential relative speculation).

The- term gentrification isτης found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Η μικρή διάρκεια εντολής.

The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960spoor and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property - Τοobserved μη ανανεώσιμο της θητείας μελών inin (προβλέπεται the then trend wealthy people toτων buy property poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof βραχεία εντολή και θητεία µη ανανεώσιµη).

London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”.

-indirectly Ο τρόπος των μελών (Ο ιδιαίτερος διορισµού being “squeezed”.

A description ofδιορισμού this phenomenon is included in the workτρόπος of Sociologist Ruth τους, και ταphenomenon ασυµβίβαστα στοχεύουν αποφυγή A οι description of this is situations included inwere theεπίσης work ofστην Sociologist Ruth GLASS atασυλίες the same period, while similar recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major τυχόν πολιτικών εξαρτήσεων). cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

-inΤο καθεστώς ασυμβιβάστων.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive arepreoccupied being summarized from - Ο ίδιος approach προϋπολογισμός (ο ανεξάρτητος προϋπολογισµός comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: διασφαλίζει την οικονοµική αυτοτέλεια). interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a- sense, theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Η υποταγή στο is δίκαιο (δικαστικός έλεγχος, έλεγχος to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money νομιμότητας). and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the -The Το μη at ανακλητό των μελών. term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin,Ηwhere she made her των first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: ανεξαρτησία ΑΔΑ δεν είναι απόλυτη, αλλά επί αυτών services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for ασκείται ένας τριπλός from έλεγχος πολιτικός, δικαστικός και lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the δημοσιονομικός. to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Τέλος, οι ΑΔΑ υπάγονται µόνο σε έλεγχο νοµιµότητας (δικαστικό her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in έλεγχο) 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

ΠΟΛΙΤΙΚΟΣ ΕΛΕΓΧΟΣ Θα πρέπει να συγκερασθούν δυο πράγματα. Από τη μία πλευρά η έλλειψη δημοκρατικής νομιμοποίησης αυτών των αρχών και από την άλλη το επίκαιρο αίτημα φιλελευθερισμού και απορυθμίσεως.

ΔΙΚΑΣΤΙΚΟΣ ΕΛΕΓΧΟΣ Ασκείται από το διοικητικόBy δικαστή. Ο έλεγχος των πράξεων των Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, School of Design, Student, ΑΔΑ από το διοικητικό δικαστή, μιαςGraduate από τις τρεις εξουσίες του

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Κράτους ενισχύει το θεσμό. ΔΗΜΟΣΙΟΝΟΜΙΚΟΣ ΕΛΕΓΧΟΣ

114

Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Ο δημοσιονομικός έλεγχος λαμβάνει χώρα a posteriori και όχι a 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept priori (βλ. ν. 2075/92 για τηνGreek Εθνική Επιτροπή (444 Τηλεπικοινωνιών).

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage left us, he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with the of theδιοικητικές content concepts.

7. Η νομοθετική εξουσία και οιdefinition ανεξάρτητες αρχές the acquisition of knowledge starts withεπίγνωση theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based, on this “principle” a first, ifτης not final, approach, the term Ο therefore, νομοθέτης έχοντας αδυναμίας του να 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification ικανοποιήσει την ανάγκη για ρύθμιση είναι αυτός που προχωρεί στη 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various γέννηση αυτών των αρχών.

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement Τα ερωτήματα που τίθενται σχετικά με τη νομοθετική εξουσία και ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of τις ΑΔΑ αφορούν τα εξής: the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever other consequences has,νομοθετική results alsoεξουσία; rising of land prices (and the 1. Εάν οι ΑΔΑ ανήκουν στη potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). Εάν δεν ανήκουν, η μεταξύ τουςand σχέση και The2.term gentrification is found ποια at first είναι in the UK in early 1960s it refers to The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of ειδικότερα ποιος είναι ο βαθμός ανεξαρτησίας αυτών των αρχώνto the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof απέναντι στη νομοθετική εξουσία; London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Κάθε ΑΔΑ“squeezed”. λειτουργεί στα πλαίσια των εξουσιοδοτικών διατάξεων being indirectly A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth τις οποίες προσδιορίζει η κυρίαρχηis included νομοθετικήtheεξουσία, η οποία δίνει A description ofperiod, this phenomenon work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situationsinwere recorded in other major το πλαίσιο στο οποίο η συγκεκριμένη ΑΔΑ θα λειτουργεί. Θα πρέπει GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. λοιπόν υπογραμμίσουμε το γεγονός ότι η κανονιστική αρμοδιότητα cities inνα Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more των ΑΔΑ έχει ταapproach όρια πουare θέτει ο εξουσιοδοτικός νόμος, με άλλα λόγια comprehensive being summarized below, from the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various ο τομέας πρέπει να phenomenon είναι καθορισμένος και το πλαίσιο προσδιορισμένο. interpretations of the of gentrification, the following: interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In aΠαρά sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category social groups το γεγονός ότι οι ΑΔΑ δεν ανήκουν στηof νομοθετική to “return”άρα to the city,πρόκειται leaving theπερί purlieus for several reasons: highηcosts in money εξουσία, δεν νομοθετικών οργάνων, νομοθετική and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the εξουσία δεν αφήνει ανέλεγκτες αυτές τις αρχές, αλλά εμμέσως ασκεί termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, έναν έλεγχο χωρίς να θίγει (οργανική και Berlin, where she madeβέβαια her first studies.

In την 1932ανεξαρτησία she published anτους important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and after continuous λειτουργική) χωρίς να παρεμβαίνει στοeasier έργοaccess τους.toΟmarkets, έλεγχοςetc. που lower living costκαι of, in “withdrawal” from private studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she came back to London, where ασκείται από τη νομοθετική εξουσία αφορά τον κοινοβουλευτικό in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College London, where she continued social research.

Her public and έλεγχο επί των of ΑΔΑ ο οποίος ασκείται μεher τους εξής τρόπους: long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 1) Όταν αναλαμβάνει ηdepreciation Βουλή τη 2009. νομοθετική για and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo initially of partπρωτοβουλία of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aτην variety of ways, in order toαρχών achieve “voluntary”, κατάργηση αυτών των ή the την“assisted”, τροποποίηση μιας ΑΔΑ.(actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

2) Όταν υποβάλλονται σε αυτήν Αναφορές, Ερωτήσεις, Επερωτήσεις βουλευτών που αφορούν τις αρχές και έτσι εξετάζονται οι πράξεις και οι παραλείψεις των ΑΔΑ. Αρμόδιος για να απαντήσει είναι ο εποπτεύων Υπουργός.

3) Όταν η Βουλή έχει λόγο στο διορισμό των αρχών.

4) Όταν η Βουλή συμμετέχειByμεMr. μέλη της στη C. σύνθεση των ΑΔΑ.

George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS University, Graduate Student, 5) Όταν οι ΑΔΑ Harvard υποχρεώνονται από τοSchool νόμο ofναDesign, καταθέτουν By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Εκθέσεις με τη δραστηριότητά τους στη Βουλή.

Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

8. Η δικαστική εξουσία και οι ανεξάρτητες διοικητικές αρχές 1. Introductory approach: Defining αναφορικά the concept με τη δικαστική εξουσία Τα ερωτήματα που τίθενται 1. approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), καιANTISTHENIS, τιςIntroductory ΑΔΑ αφορούν τα εξής: the ancient Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among1.other wise heritage he στη left us, he established a great the Εάν οι ΑΔΑ ανήκουν δικαστική εξουσία; among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts.

2. Εάν δεν ανήκουν, ποιος είναι ο βαθμός ανεξαρτησίας των ΑΔΑ acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term απέναντι στη δικαστική εξουσία; 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is in a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification Και επιπλέον δημιουργώντας μιαindicated ΑΔΑ τίθενται τα ερωτήματα: 1 (and urban gentrification gentrification) indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal from this, (in various α. Ποια δικαστήρια είναι αρμόδια να επιληφθούν των υποθέσεων Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, και τωνofδιαφορών που θα προκύψουν; Ταand διοικητικά, τα ποινικά ή τα ways), social groups, usually of low-income thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of πολιτικά; the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever other consequences has, resultsκαι alsoτις rising of land prices (and the β. Ποιος ευθύνεται για τις πράξεις παραλείψεις αυτών των potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to αρχών;

The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents 9. Η εκτελεστική εξουσία και οι ανεξάρτητες διοικητικές αρχές areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly Οι ΑΔΑ “squeezed”. δίνουν την αίσθηση μιας μείωσης της παρουσίας του being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Κράτους. Οι ΑΔΑ αυτό που Κράτος δεν επιθυμεί να κάνει ή, A description ofκάνουν this phenomenon isτο included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations in other major αν θέλετε, δεν μπορεί να κάνει. Βέβαια δεν αντικαθιστούν την GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. εκτελεστική εξουσία. Το Κράτος με τη δημιουργία αυτών αρχών cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and των for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more δεν εξαφανίζεται, αλλά αντίθετα μένει κύριος του προορισμού και των comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various κατευθύνσεων δραστηριοτήτων αυτών των αρχών. Υπάρχει μια interpretations of των the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon of the following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, aαρχών trend of new category of social groups δυσκολία συμφιλίωσης αυτών των μεa το ισοζύγιο των εξουσιών to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons:Αναζητήσαμε high costs in money που έχει διαμορφώσει ο συνταγματικός νομοθέτης. και and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of προσδιορίσαμε την ανεξαρτησία αυτών των αρχών σε σχέση με the τη 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety theτη distributed residencies outside town centres, νομοθετική και δικαστική εξουσία. Οι ΑΔΑ έχοντας δικαστικές Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment. same year sheδικαστική left Germany εξουσία and after continuous αρμοδιότητες δεν The ανήκουν στη και δεν πρέπει ναfor lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, θεωρηθούν ειδικά διοικητικά δικαστήρια. Οι In ΑΔΑ έχοντας νομοθετικές in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal Collegeδεν of London, where she continued her social research.

Her ανεξάρτητες public and αρμοδιότητες, ανήκουν στη νομοθετική εξουσία, είναι long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. από αυτή. Μην ανήκοντας νομοθετική και δικαστική εξουσία and selling real estate, etc., for theστη depreciation initially ofτη part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aδεν variety of παρά ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually μπορεί να ανήκουν στην εκτελεστική εξουσία.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Η πολιτική ευθύνη των ΑΔΑ δεν είναι θεσμικά κατοχυρωμένη, αλλά εξασφαλίζεται μονομερώς από την πλευρά των εκπροσώπων της λαϊκής κυριαρχίας, οι οποίοι διατηρούν το δικαίωμα να καταργήσουν ή να τροποποιήσουν το νομικό πλαίσιο στο οποίο λειτουργούν. Υπάρχει ένα έλλειμμα δημοκρατικής νομιμοποίησης αυτών των Αρχών. Η Διοίκηση υποτάσσεται στην εκτελεστική εξουσία. Η εκτελεστική

By Mr.στο George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS εξουσία είναι υπεύθυνη μπροστά Κοινοβούλιο. Οι ΑΔΑ πού Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, λογοδοτούν; Το δημοκρατικό έλλειμμα μεγαλώνει, όσο μεγαλώνει η

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect «αυτονομία» αυτών των Αρχών σε σχέση με την εκτελεστική εξουσία.

Student of the School of Architecture Η ανεξαρτησία αυτών των αρχών απέναντι στην εκτελεστική εξουσία Technical University of Crete είναι βέβαια απαραίτητη, για να εκπληρώσουν την αποστολή τους 1. Introductory χωρίς εξαρτήσεις.approach: Defining the concept

116

1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the ΒΙΒΛΙΟΓΡΑΦΙΑ among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Αθανασόπουλος Κωνσταντίνος «Διοικητικό Δίκαιο», Αθήνα 2014 έκδ. Κέντρο acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term Επιμόρφωσης, Μελετών, Έρευνας και Ανάπτυξης 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification Αντωνόπουλος Μανώλης «Εθνικό Ραδιοτηλεοπτικό Συμβούλιο, η the πρώτη 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ανεξάρτητη διοικητική αρχή στην Ελλάδα» Νομικό Βήμα, τόμος 39, 1991 σελ.

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement 1193 επ. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation ofΜανώλης art galleries, restaurants,Διοικητικές etc. However this “change”, regardless of Αντωνόπουλος «Ανεξάρτητες Αρχές», Σάκκουλας 1995. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof Βενιζέλος Ε. «Η Ραδιοτηλεοπτική Έκρηξη» 1989. whatever other consequencesκαι has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). Δαγτόγλου Π. « Ραδιοτηλεόραση Σύνταγμα» 1989. potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at ΜΜΕ», first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Καράκωστας Γιάννης «Το Δίκαιο των Σάκκουλας 1998.

The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto Κουλούρης Νίκος «Οιtrend Ανεξάρτητες Διοικητικές Αρχές», Διοικητική the then observed ofiswealthy to buy property inΜεταρρύθμιση, poor the then observed wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas τεύχος 34, Απρίλιος – trend Ιούνιος 1988, σελ.sometimes 5 London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are Μακρής Ι. upgrade «Νομολογία Ραδιοτηλεόρασης» 1996. being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. Μπεσίλα – Μακρίδη Ελισάβετ «Το Δικαίωμα της Αρχές και ο A description of this phenomenon is included in Αναφοράς the work ofστις Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Συνήγορος τουsame Πολίτη», Σάκκουλας 2000.situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the period, while similar GLASS at the same period, similar situations were recordedαπό in other major Μπεσίλα –Μακρίδη Ελισάβετ «Ο Έλεγχος της Δημόσιας Διοίκησης το “Σώμα cities in Western countries, bywhile other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Επιθεωρητών Διοίκησης”», 1999. scholars and for its more Since then,Ελεγκτών the issueΔημόσιας has preoccupied several then, the issue has preoccupied severalπρότυπα scholars andτα forημεδαπά its more «Οι Since ανεξάρτητες Διοικητικές Αρχές: αλλοδαπά και comprehensive approach are beingΤαsummarized below, from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the κακέκτυπα» Διοικητική Δίκη τεύχοςof 5, gentrification, Σεπτ. – Οκτ. 1993, σελ. 1140-1183. various interpretations of the phenomenon the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: Οικονόμου Αλέξανδρος «Τα κρατικά όργανα τηςofΕλληνικής Ραδιοτηλεόρασης ως In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend a new of social groups ανεξάρτητες διοικητικές αρχές», Επιθεώρηση Δημ. Δικαίου, 1995, τεύχος 2. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money http://lawdb.intrasoftnet.com and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the http://www. rae.gr term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: http://www.odigostoupoliti.eu/sintagmatika-katochiromenes-anexartitesservices of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for diikitikes-arches-ada/ lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, ↑http://www.hellenicparliament.gr/Organosi-kai-Leitourgia/Diaskepsiin According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and Proedron/ long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying workτου are characterized by a passion for See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. ↑her Άρθρο ιστοτόπου in.gr σχετικό μεjustice. την ανεξαρτητοποίηση της Γ.Γ.Δ.Ε. and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ↑ Άρθρο του ιστοτόπου kathimerini.gr σχετικό με την ανεξαρτητοποίηση της G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Γ.Γ.Δ.Ε.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, ΒΙΒΛΙΚΑ ΠΡΟΣΩΠΑ ΣΤΟ ΚΟΡΑΝΙΟ Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Της κυρίας Αφροδ. ΚΟΥΤΡΟΥΜΠΕΛΗ Concerns Δρος Θρησκειολογίας, Πανεπιστήμιο ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Α. ΕΙΣΑΓΩΓΗ

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Όπως όλες οι θρησκείες στον κόσμο,Student έτσι και το School Ισλάμ έχει το δικό of the of Architecture πιστεύουν ότι του «Ιερό Βιβλίο», το Κοράνι ή Κοράνιο1. Οι μουσουλμάνοι Technical University of Crete

μέσα στο Κοράνι διατυπώνεται ο λόγος του Θεού και καταγράφεται η 1. Introductory Defining the concept αποκάλυψή του approach: στο ανθρώπινο γένος έτσι όπως μεταδόθηκε από τον 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancient GreekΜωάμεθ. philosopher, αρχάγγελο Γαβριήλthe στον προφήτη Υποστηρίζουν, επίσης, ότι η ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCτου -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the αποκάλυψη του Κορανίου ήταν το μεγαλύτερο θαύμα Μωάμεθ και among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. θεωρούν πως αποτελεί την καλύτερη απόδειξη ότι είναι αληθινός acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term προφήτης. Ως «αληθινός» προφήτης, μάλιστα, αυτός που μετέδωσε 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, ifήταν notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) (in area of Planning) (or gentrification στον κόσμο 1το τελευταίο θεϊκό μήνυμα κλείνοντας τονofκύκλο των gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom area Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal this, (in various προφητών. Ο κύκλος αυτός ξεκίνησε από τον Αδάμ και ολοκληρώθηκε με Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, τον Μωάμεθ. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless Η πρώτη συλλογή καιhas, καταγραφή του Μωάμεθ whatever other consequences results also των risingομιλιών of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also landΤαμπίτ prices (and potential relative πραγματοποιήθηκε από τον γραμματέα του rising Ζαΐδ of μπεν και the η potential relative speculation).

The term foundγύρω at firstστο in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to δεύτερη απόgentrification τον χαλίφη is Οσμάν 650 μ.Χ.

The term gentrificationofiswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed to buy property poor Όσον αφοράtrend τη δομή του Κορανίου, απόinin 114 κεφάλαια the then observed trend wealthy peopleαποτελείται to there buy property poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof (sura) ταupgrade οποία them, περιλαμβάνουν 6.236 στίχους (ayat). Η old διάταξη των London, stay themselves sometimes there and thus residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. κεφαλαίων δεν είναι χρονολογική αλλά τοποθετήθηκαν στο Κοράνι being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth σύμφωνα με same το ofπώς Μωάμεθ από ofτον αρχάγγελο A description this μεταδόθηκαν phenomenon is στον included inwere the recorded work Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the period, while similar situations in other major Γαβριήλ (ή Τζιμπριήλ, όπως αναφέρεται στο κείμενο). Ξεκινά με μια GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. σύντομη Εισαγωγή: «1. Στο όνομα του Αλλάχ του Παντελεήμονα, του Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several2. scholars and for various itsστον more Πολεύσπλαχνου (Μπισμιλλάχιρραχμάνιρραχίμ). Η Δόξα ανήκει comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Αλλάχ, τον Άρχοντα όλων των κόσμων. 3. the Τονfollowing: Παντελεήμονα, τον interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, interpretations phenomenon the following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a Ημέρας trend of aτης new category social groups Πολεύσπλαχνο.

4.the Τον Ηγεμόνα της Κρίσης.

5.of Εσένα μόνο to “return” to the leaving theικετεύουμε purlieus for για several high costs money λατρεύουμε και city, Εσένα μόνο να reasons: μας παρέχεις τη in βοήθειά and to travel fromμας the στον purlieus to downtown, where workεκείνων, place is, lack the Σου.time 6. Καθοδήγησέ ορθό δρόμο. 7. Τον δρόμο πουof τους 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, χάρισες την Ευλογία Σου, όχι εκείνων που περιέπεσαν στην Οργή Σου και Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) . Ταentertainment κείμενα του“atΚορανίου γράφτηκαν σε μιαfor που Youthπαραστράτησαν» Unemployment. The 2same year she left Germany and after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and 1 University College London, where she continued her social research.

Her και public and Στηinformal μελέτηofαυτή χρησιμοποιούμε την έκδοση: Το Ιερό Κοράνιο μετάφραση long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her Εννοιών work are Του characterized by a passion for justice.

See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. των στην Ελληνική Γλώσσα, εκδ. «Συγκρότημα βασιλιά Φάχντ για την and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially ofτου part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: εκτύπωση του Ιερού Κορανίου», χ. χρ.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 2 Σούρα 1, 1-7, Ελ Φάτιχα- Το Εναρκτήριο, σ. 1.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

πρώϊμη μορφή της αραβικής γλώσσας, την γνωστή ως «Κορανική» αρχαία γλώσσα της «Χετάζης», δηλαδή της σημερινής Σαουδικής Αραβίας. Μετά τον θάνατο του Μωάμεθ, η ισλαμική διδασκαλία ξέφυγε από τα στενά χωρικά εδάφη της Αραβίας και κατέκτησε ένα μεγάλο μέρος του γνωστού τότε ως «πολιτισμένου κόσμου». Η επεκτατική αυτή δράση είχε ως αποτέλεσμα οι Άραβες κατακτητές να έρθουν αντιμέτωποι με υπηκόους που μιλούσαν άλλες γλώσσες και ένα C. σημαντικό πρόβλημα Byπροέκυψε Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS επικοινωνίας. Έτσι, αναγκαστικά, η γλώσσα σημαντική Harvard University, Graduateυπέστη School ofμια Design, Student, George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS αλλαγή κατά την οποία χάθηκεByηMr.πολυπλοκότητα και το δυσνόητο Architect Student of the ότι School of το Architecture λεξιλόγιο. Αρκετοί, όμως, μουσουλμάνοι υποστηρίζουν μόνο αρχικό Technical University κείμενο του Κορανίου είναι αυθεντικό. Σύμφωνα, μάλιστα, μεof Crete την παράδοση, στη μετάφρασή του το ιερό βιβλίο δεν πρέπει να αποκαλείται 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept μονολεκτικά «Κοράνιο» αλλά να the συνοδεύεται, από 1. Introductory approach: concept (444επεξηγηματικά, ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), επιθετικούς «το Ένδοξο», «Ευγενές» ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC,κ.λπ.

Athens), among otherπροσδιορισμούς, wise heritage he όπως left us,λ.χ. he established aτο great the among wise heritage left us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the Γιαother την προέλευση του Κορανίου η ofμουσουλμανική παράδοση acquisition of knowledge startshe with the the content concepts.

3 acquisition of knowledge starts with the content ofΡαμαντάν, concepts.

Based, therefore, this “principle” indefinition aΙσχύος» first, if of not final, approach, the term , the τον μήνα ο αναφέρει ότι κατάonτην «Ημέρα της 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification αρχάγγελος Γαβριήλ εμφανίστηκε στον προφήτη Μωάμεθ και άρχισε να 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), asτο theκείμενο. “refining” of a city area, the removal (in various του αποκαλύπτει Ακόμη και σήμερα, κατάfrom την this, διάρκεια του Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (inartists, various ways), of socialμια groups, of low-incomeσε andαυτό the placement there of Ραμαζανιού, μέραusually είναι αφιερωμένη το γεγονός. Την ημέρα ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.Κορανίου, However “change”, regardless of αυτή οι πιστοί μαθαίνουν, μέσω του πώς να προσεύχονται. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the Θεωρούν ότι η consequences προσευχή πουhas, αναπέμπουν στον Αλλάχ αυτή τη(and μέρα whatever other results also rising of land prices the potential relative speculation). ισοδυναμεί με χίλιους μήνες προσευχής. Επιπλέον, κατά τη διάρκεια του potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to ίδιουThe μήνα, μελετούν το Κοράνι γι’atαυτό και τοUK κείμενο χωρισμένο σε term gentrification found first in the in earlyείναι 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy people to buy property in poor ofto 4. τριάντα (30) ίσα μέρη, όσες και οι μέρες του μήνα the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there residents are Σήμερα το Κοράνι έχει μεταφραστεί σχεδόν σε and όλεςthus τιςold γλώσσες του being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description this phenomenon is included in Ελλάδα the workμεταφράστηκε of Sociologist Ruth κόσμου, μεταξύ of αυτών και στην ελληνική. Στην και A description ofφορά this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar in5,other μετάmajor από εκδόθηκε πρώτη από τον Γεράσιμο Πεντάκη το 1886 GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. έγκριση του βασιλέως Γεωργίου Α΄. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Β. ΒΙΒΛΙΚΑ ΠΡΟΣΩΠΑ ΣΤΟ of ΚΟΡΑΝΙΟ interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In aΜελετώντας sense, theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trend of να a new social groups κανείς το isΚοράνιο μπορεί βρει πολλάofστοιχεία από to “return” toκαι the city, leaving the purlieus several high costs in money την Παλαιά Καινή Διαθήκη καθώς for επίσης καιreasons: από την ειδωλολατρική and time to των travelΑράβων from the6.purlieus to downtown, πιστεύουν where work place lack of the θρησκεία Οι μουσουλμάνοι ότι οis,προφήτης termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth3Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Γνωστή καιof, ως“withdrawal” «Νύχτα του Πεπρωμένου». lower living cost from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies 4 and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where θέμα βλ. studies A. Halim, Fachrizal, Legal Authority in due Premodern Islam: Yahya B in According 1943Για sheτοpublished regarding city planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is a systematic and University College in of the London, where she her social research.

Her public action and Sharaf Al- Nawawi Shafi’I School ofcontinued Law, Routledje 2014, p. 15. brokers long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying 5 her work are characterized by a passion for justice.

See κειμένου also: COLLINS DICTIONARY. Κοράνιον, μεταφρασθέν εκdepreciation του αραβικού υπό ENGLISH Γερασίμου Πεντάκη, and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: εκδότης «Ανέστης Κωνσταντινίδης», εν Αθήναις 1886.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 6

118

Ηθική και Θρησκευτική Εγκυκλοπαίδεια, τόμος 9, στ. 118-119.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Μωάμεθ ανύψωσε την μορφή του παλαιού αραβικού θρησκεύματος «χωρίς αυτό να προσβάλη την αποδοχήν τών εις τας Διαθήκας αναφερομένων προσώπων»7. Στις Κορανικές διηγήσεις αναφέρονται εικοσιπέντε (25) περίπου προφήτες εκ των οποίων μάλιστα οι περισσότεροι ονομαστικά. Το γεγονός αυτό δεν προκαλεί ιδιαίτερη εντύπωση στους μουσουλμάνους από τη στιγμή που πιστεύουν ότι το George-Sp. Ισλάμ αποτελεί την αρχαιότερη

By Mr. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvardκαι University, Graduate of Design, Student, θρησκεία της ανθρωπότητας προέρχεται απόSchool τον Αδάμ. Για το λόγο By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect αυτό υποστηρίζουν ότι στο Κοράνιο μπορεί να βρει κανείς τις αληθινές Student of the School of Architecture αρχικές διηγήσεις σε αντίθεση με την χριστιανική Βίβλο η οποία περιέχει Technical University of Crete τις μεταγενέστερες, αδόκιμες και αναληθείς διηγήσεις για τους προφήτες.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Κατά το Κοράνιο, λοιπόν, σεβαστοί προφήτες και δίκαιοι άνθρωποι 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, theο ancient Greekο philosopher, (444 BCο -Ισαάκ, 370 BC, Athens), θεωρούνται: ο Αδάμ, Νώε, ο Λώτ, Αβραάμ, ο Ισμαήλ, ο Δαβίδ, ο ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wiseο heritage left us, he established a great the Σολομών, ο Ιώβ, Ιακώβ, οhe Ιωσήφ, ο Μωϋσής, ο Ααρών, ο Ιωνάς, ο Ηλίας, ο among other wise heritage leftthe us, he established a great acquisition of knowledge starts with definition of theήταν, content concepts. the Ζαχαρίας, ο Ιωάννης και ο he Ιησούς: «83. Κι εκείνα ταof“principle”: επιχειρήματα acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term Μας, που δώσαμε στον Αβραάμ για (να τα μεταχειριστεί έναντι) στο λαό 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification του. Αναβιβάζομε θέσεις εκείνων που θέλομε. Βεβαίως, ο Κύριός σου είναι 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Πάνσοφος (και) Παντογνώστης.

84. σ’ αυτόν, Ισαάκ και Sociology as well), as the “refining” of aΚαι city χαρίσαμε area, fromτον this, (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement there of τον Ιακώβ και (τους δύο) τους καθοδηγήσαμε. Και πριν απ’ αυτόν ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of καθοδηγήσαμε το Νώε (Νώχ), κι απ’ τους απογόνους του τον Δαβίδ, τοof the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the Σολομώντα, τονspeculation). Ιώβ (Εγιούμπ),has, τονresults Ιωσήφ, τοrising Μωϋσή και τον Ααρών, whatever other consequences also of land prices (and κι the potential relative έτσι ανταμείβομε τους αγαθοεργούς.

85. Κι ο Ζαχαρίας (Ζακαρία), ο potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK early απ’ 1960s andτάξη itareas refers Ιωάννης (Γιάχια), ο Ιησούς, κι ο Ηλίας. Όλοι τουςin είναι των the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property inτην poor ofto the then observed trend of wealthy peopleκαι to there buy in ενάρετων (όσιων).

86. τον Ισμαήλ τον property Ελισαίο καιpoor τονareas Ιωνά London, upgrade them, stayΚαι themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof London, upgrade themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are (Γιούνους) και“squeezed”. τοthem, Λώτstay (Λούτ), κι όλους τους ξεχωρίσαμε πάνω απ’ όλους being indirectly being indirectly “squeezed”.

8 A description this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth . τους συγχρόνουςofτους» A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Ι.inΒΙΒΛΙΚΑ ΠΡΟΣΩΠΑ ΠΑΛΑΙΑΣ ΔΙΑΘΗΚΗΣ ΣΤΟ ΚΟΡΑΝΙΟ cities Western countries, byΤΗΣ other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more 1. Ο Αδάμ.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, the following: Ο Αδάμ εμφανίζεται ως μιαofαπό τις πιο σημαντικές προσωπικότητες interpretations of the εκείνος phenomenon of thecategory following: InΚορανίου. a sense, theΕίναι phenomenon is dueοποίο togentrification, a trend of aεπέλεξε new of social groups του τον ο Θεός «πάνω απ’ όλο τον 9 to “return” to theχαρακτηριστικό city, leaving the purlieus for several high costs money κόσμο» . Είναι το γεγονός ότι, reasons: αν και ούτε στο in Κοράνιο and to Παράδοση travel from the to downtown, work place is, lack of the ούτεtime στην δενpurlieus αναφέρεται ο Αδάμ where ως «προφήτης», εντούτοις η 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Ισλαμική Θεολογία τον κατέταξε ήδη πολύ νωρίς στους προφήτες.

Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and 7 University College of London, where she Δημοσθένους continued her social research.Ηbrokers Her public and Τίτου Κ. Κατράντζαλη (Μητρ.)Β. Μαρούδη, θέσις του Χριστού long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying herτης work are characterized by a passion for justice.Αθήναι See also: COLLINS DICTIONARY. και Παναγίας εις το Κοράνιον, εκδ.depreciation Αγγελάκη, 2010, 17.ENGLISH and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the initially of σ. part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 8 Σούρα 6, 83-86, Ελ-Εν’ άμ, Τα Ζωντανά-Τα Κοπάδια, σ.

184.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 9 Σούρα 3,33, Αλ Ιμράν-Ο Οίκος Ιμράν, σ. 70.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Ο Αδάμ μαζί με τον Αβραάμ αποτελούν για τον Μωάμεθ τον συνδετικό κρίκο μέσω του οποίου κατοχυρώνεται η Ισλαμική θρησκεία ως η αρχαιότερη όλων των θρησκειών στον κόσμο. «Με την ένταξη του Αδάμ στους πρώτους πιστούς και αγγελιοφόρους του Ισλάμ, η ιστορική σειρά των γεγονότων της θρησκείας επιστρέφει και το Ισλάμ καθορίζει πρώτο την Αποκάλυψη…»10. Η περιγραφή της ζωής και της συμβίωσης του Αδάμ και της Εύας

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, στον Παράδεισο παρουσιάζεται πιο συνοπτικά στο Κοράνιο σε σύγκριση By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS 11 Architect με το κείμενο της Παλαιάς Διαθήκης . Όπως στην Παλαιά Διαθήκη έτσι Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

10

Dr. Thomasapproach: Schirrmmacher, Κοράνιο Βίβλος. Οι μεγαλύτερες θρησκείες σε 1. Introductory Defining theκαι concept σύγκριση, εκδ. «Πέργαμος», Αθήνα 2018, σ.

134.

1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, 11 Γέν 2, «15 Καὶ ἔλαβε Κύριος Greek ὁ Θεὸς philosopher, τὸν ἄνθρωπον, ὃν ἔπλασε, καὶBC, ἔθετο αὐτὸν ANTISTHENIS, the ancient BC -“principle”: 370 Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the ἐν τῷ παραδείσῳ τῆς τρυφῆς, ἐργάζεσθαι αὐτὸν καὶ φυλάσσειν. 16 καὶ ἐνετείλατο Κύριος among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ὁ Θεὸς τῷ ᾿Αδὰμ λέγων· ἀπὸ παντὸς ξύλου τοῦ ἐν τῷ παραδείσῳ βρώσει φαγῇ, 17 ἀπὸ δὲ acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term τοῦ ξύλου τοῦ1 γινώσκειν καλὸν καὶ πονηρόν, οὐ φάγεσθε ἀπ᾿ αὐτοῦ· ᾗ δ᾿ ἂν ἡμέρᾳ Based, therefore, on this “principle” is in a first, if (in not final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area Planning) (or gentrification φάγητε ἀπ᾿ αὐτοῦ, θανάτῳ ἀποθανεῖσθε.

18 Καὶindicated εἶπε Κύριος ὁthe Θεός· οὐofκαλὸν εἶναι τὸν 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various ἄνθρωπον μόνον· ποιήσωμεν αὐτῷ βοηθὸν κατ᾿ αὐτόν. 19 καὶ ἔπλασεν ὁ Θεὸς ἔτι ἐκ τῆς Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually low-income and placement there αὐτὰ of artists, γῆς πάντα τὰ θηρία τοῦ ἀγροῦ καὶof πάντα τὰ πετεινὰ τοῦthe οὐρανοῦ καὶ ἤγαγεν πρὸς ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However “change”, regardless of τὸν ᾿Αδάμ, ἰδεῖν τί καλέσει αὐτά. καὶ πᾶν ὃ ἐὰν ἐκάλεσεν αὐτὸ ᾿Αδὰμ ψυχὴν ζῶσαν, τοῦτο the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this “change”, regardless of whatever other has, results rising of land prices (and the ὄνομα αὐτῷ. 20 καὶ ἐκάλεσεν ᾿Αδὰμ ὀνόματα πᾶσι τοῖς κτήνεσι καὶ πᾶσι τοῖς πετεινοῖς whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). τοῦ οὐρανοῦ καὶ πᾶσι τοῖς θηρίοις τοῦ ἀγροῦ· τῷ δὲ ᾿Αδὰμ οὐχ εὑρέθη βοηθὸς ὅμοιος potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at ἐπὶ firstτὸν in the UKκαὶ in ὕπνωσε· early 1960s it refers to αὐτῷ. 21 καὶ ἐπέβαλεν ὁ Θεὸς ἔκστασιν ᾿Αδάμ, καὶ and ἔλαβε μίαν τῶν The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of πλευρῶν αὐτοῦ καὶ ἀνεπλήρωσε σάρκα ἀντ᾿ αὐτῆς. 22 καὶ ᾠκοδόμησεν ὁ Θεὸς τὴνto the then of wealthy people to there buyαὐτὴν property in poor London, upgrade stay᾿Αδάμ, themselves sometimes and thus residents πλευράν, ἣνobserved ἔλαβενthem, ἀπὸtrend τοῦ εἰς γυναῖκα καὶ ἤγαγεν πρὸς old τὸν ᾿Αδάμ.areas 23 are καὶof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. εἶπεν ᾿Αδάμ· τοῦτο νῦν ὀστοῦν ἐκ τῶν ὀστέων μου καὶ σὰρξ ἐκ τῆς σαρκός μου· αὕτη being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the ofτούτου Sociologist Ruth κληθήσεται γυνή, ὅτι ἐκ τοῦ ἀνδρὸς αὐτῆς ἐλήφθη αὕτη· 24work ἕνεκεν καταλείψει A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work ofπρὸς Sociologist Ruth GLASS atτὸν theπατέρα same while in other major ἄνθρωπος αὐτοῦ καὶ τὴνsimilar μητέρα καὶ προσκολληθήσεται τὴν γυναῖκα GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities Western otherμίαν.

Researchers. αὐτοῦ,inκαὶ ἔσονταιcountries, οἱ δύο εἰςby σάρκα 25 καὶ ἦσαν οἱ δύο γυμνοί, ὅ τε ᾿Αδὰμ καὶ ἡ cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more γυνὴ αὐτοῦ, καὶ οὐκ ᾐσχύνοντο.

Since issueἦνhas several scholars and for its Κεφ. then, 3. 1.Ὁ the δὲ ὄφις φρονιμώτατος πάντων τῶν below, θηρίων τῶν ἐπὶthe τῆςvarious γῆς,more ὧν comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various ἐποίησε Κύριος ὁof Θεός. καὶ εἶπεν ὁ ὄφιςofτῇgentrification, γυναικί· τί ὅτι εἶπεν ὁ Θεός, οὐ μὴ φάγητε ἀπὸ interpretations the phenomenon the following: interpretations the phenomenon of the following: παντὸς παραδείσου; 2 is καὶdue εἶπεν γυνὴ τῷ ἀπὸ καρποῦ ξύλου τοῦ In a ξύλου sense,τοῦ theof phenomenon togentrification, aἡ trend of aὄφει· new category of τοῦ social groups παραδείσου φαγούμεθα, 3 ἀπὸ δὲ τοῦ καρποῦ τοῦ ξύλου, ὅ ἐστιν ἐν μέσῳ τοῦ to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money παραδείσου, εἶπεν ὁ Θεός, οὐ φάγεσθε ἀπ᾿ αὐτοῦ, οὐ δὲ μὴ ἅψησθε αὐτοῦ, ἵνα μὴ and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the ἀποθάνητε.

4 καὶ εἶπεν ὁ ὄφις τῇ γυναικί· οὐ θανάτῳ ἀποθανεῖσθε· 5 ᾔδει γὰρ ὁ Θεός, ὅτι 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS was born sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for betterin where she made her firstδιανοιχθήσονται studies. In 1932 she an important study ᾗBerlin, ἂν ἡμέρᾳ φάγητε ἀπ᾿ αὐτοῦ, ὑμῶν οἱ heart ὀφθαλμοὶ καὶcity”, ἔσεσθε ὡςentitled: θεοί, services of health, education, entertainment “at published the of the (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for γινώσκοντες καλὸν καὶ πονηρόν.

6 καὶ εἶδεν ἡ γυνή, ὅτι καλὸν τὸ ξύλον εἰς βρῶσιν καὶ ὅτι lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, ἀρεστὸν ὀφθαλμοῖς ἰδεῖν καὶ ὡραῖόν ἐστι τοῦ κατανοῆσαι, καὶ ἀπὸ in τοῦ in According 1943 τοῖς she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 she teacher the to another approach, the phenomenon is due tobecame aλαβοῦσα systematic and University College of London, where she τῷ continued her social Her and καρποῦ αὐτοῦ ἔφαγε· καὶ ἔδωκε καὶ ἀνδρὶ αὐτῆς μετ᾿research. αὐτῆς, brokers καὶ public ἔφαγον.

7 καὶ long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized a passion forἔγνωσαν justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. διηνοίχθησαν οἱ estate, ὀφθαλμοὶby τῶν δύο, καὶ ὅτι γυμνοὶ καὶ ἔρραψαν φύλλα and selling real for theCodepreciation initially ofἦσαν, part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS etc., SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: συκῆς καὶ ἐποίησαν ἑαυτοῖς περιζώματα.

8 Καὶ ἤκουσαν τῆς φωνῆς Κυρίου τοῦ Θεοῦ G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

120

περιπατοῦντος ἐν τῷ παραδείσῳ τὸ δειλινόν, καὶ ἐκρύβησαν ὅ τε ᾿Αδὰμ καὶ ἡ γυνὴ αὐτοῦ 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

και στο Κοράνιο, ο Αδάμ είναι ο προπάτορας ολόκληρου του ανθρώπινου γένους: «Ω! Άνθρωποι! Σεβαστείτε τον Κύριό σας, που σας δημιούργησε από μια και μόνο ψυχή (Αδάμ), κι απ’ αυτή έπλασε τη σύντροφό της (Εύα) κι απ’ αυτούς τους δύο σκόρπισε- σαν σπόρους- αμέτρητους άντρες και γυναίκες. Να σέβεστε τον Αλλάχ, που τ’ όνομά Του αναφέρεται στ’ αμοιβαία σας δίκαια αιτήματα, και σεβαστείτε τη συγγένεια μεταξύ σας. Σούρες 15 και 38 Γιατί ο Αλλάχ πάντοτε αγρυπνάBy πάνω σας»12. Στις Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS γίνεται περιγραφή της δημιουργίας του Αδάμ: «ΚαιSchool πλάσαμε τον άνθρωπο Harvard University, Graduate of Design, Student, 13, «71.

Byλάσπη Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS Κοίτα από άργιλο στεγνό (ηχηρό) και από που δίνειC.μορφή» Architect the School Architecture όταν ο Κύριός σου είπε στους αγγέλους: Student «Είμαι ofέτοιμος να of πλάσω τον Technical University of Crete άνθρωπο από λάσπη. 72. «Όταν του δώσω το (ολοκληρωμένο) του σχήμα, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the ἀπὸ προσώπου Κυρίου τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐν μέσῳ τοῦ ξύλου τοῦ παραδείσου. 9 καὶ ἐκάλεσε among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς τὸν ᾿Αδὰμ καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ· ᾿Αδάμ, ποῦ εἶ; 10 καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ· τῆς φωνῆς acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term σου ἤκουσα περιπατοῦντος ἐν τῷ παραδείσῳ καὶ ἐφοβήθην, ὅτι γυμνός εἰμι, καὶ 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) area ofἀπὸ Planning) (or gentrification ἐκρύβην. 11 καὶ (and εἶπεν αὐτῷ ὁ Θεός· τίς ἀνήγγειλέ σοι ὅτι γυμνὸς εἶ, εἰ μὴ τοῦ ξύλου, 1 (and urban gentrification) gentrification isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various οὗ ἐνετειλάμην σοι τούτου μόνου μὴ φαγεῖν, ἀπ᾿ αὐτοῦ ἔφαγες; 12 καὶ εἶπεν ὁ ᾿Αδάμ· ἡ Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), ofἔδωκας social groups, usually placement there13ofκαὶ artists, γυνή, ἣν μετ᾿ ἐμοῦ, αὕτη of μοιlow-income ἔδωκεν ἀπὸand τοῦthe ξύλου, καὶ ἔφαγον. εἶπε ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However “change”, regardless of Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς τῇ γυναικί· τί τοῦτο ἐποίησας; καὶ εἶπεν ἡ γυνή· ὁ ὄφις ἠπάτησέ με, καὶ the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this “change”, regardless of whatever other has, results rising of land prices (and the ἔφαγον. 14 καὶ εἶπε Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς τῷ ὄφει· ὅτι ἐποίησας τοῦτο, ἐπικατάρατος σὺ ἀπὸ whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative πάντων τῶν κτηνῶνspeculation). καὶ ἀπὸ πάντων τῶν θηρίων τῶν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς· ἐπὶ τῷ στήθει σου καὶ τῇ potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification foundτὰς at first in the early and itθήσω refersἀνὰ to κοιλίᾳ πορεύσῃ καὶ γῆν φαγῇisπάσας ἡμέρας τῆς UK ζωῆςinσου.

151960s καὶ ἔχθραν The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of μέσον σοῦ καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον τῆς γυναικὸς καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον τοῦ σπέρματός σου καὶ ἀνὰ μέσονto theσπέρματος then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stayσου themselves sometimes and thusαὐτοῦ old residents are τοῦ αὐτῆς· αὐτός τηρήσει κεφαλήν, καὶthere σὺ τηρήσεις πτέρναν.

16of London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. καὶ τῇ γυναικὶ εἶπε· πληθύνων πληθυνῶ τὰς λύπας σου καὶ τὸν στεναγμόν σου· ἐν λύπαις being indirectly “squeezed”. description this phenomenon is included work Sociologist Ruth τέξῃAτέκνα, καὶ πρὸςofτὸν ἄνδρα σου ἡ ἀποστροφή σου, in καὶthe αὐτός σουofκυριεύσει.

17 τῷ δὲ Aεἶπεν· description ofperiod, thisτῆς phenomenon is situations included theἔφαγες work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the while were recorded inτοῦ other major ᾿Αδὰμ ὅτιsame ἤκουσας φωνῆςsimilar τῆς γυναικός σουin καὶ ἀπὸ ξύλου, οὗ GLASS at σοι theτούτου same period, while similar wereἐπικατάρατος recorded in ἡother cities in Western countries, byμὴ other Researchers. ἐνετειλάμην μόνου φαγεῖν, ἀπ᾿ situations αὐτοῦ ἔφαγες, γῆ ἐνmajor τοῖς cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, the issue preoccupied severalτῆς scholars and18for its more ἔργοις σου· ἐν λύπαις φαγῇhas αὐτὴν πάσας τὰς ἡμέρας ζωῆς σου· ἀκάνθας καὶ Sinceἀνατελεῖ then, the has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more τριβόλους σοι,issue καὶ φαγῇ τὸν χόρτονsummarized τοῦ ἀγροῦ.

19 ἐν ἱδρῶτιfrom τοῦ προσώπου σου comprehensive approach are being below, the comprehensive approach are being below, from φαγῇ τὸν ἄρτον σου, ἕως τοῦ ἀποστρέψαι σε summarized εἰς γὴν γῆν, the ἐξ ἧς ἐλήφθης, ὅτι the γῆ εἶvarious καὶ εἰς interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, following: interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, theαὐτοῦ following: γῆν ἀπελεύσῃ· 20 of καὶ ἐκάλεσεν ᾿Αδὰμ τὸof ὄνομα τῆς γυναικὸς Ζωή,ofὅτι αὕτηgroups μήτηρ In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category social πάντων τῶν ζώντων.

21 Καὶ ἐποίησε Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς τῷ ᾿Αδὰμ καὶ τῇ γυναικὶ αὐτοῦ to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money χιτῶνας καὶ the ἐνέδυσεν αὐτούς.

22 καὶ εἶπεν ὁ Θεός· ἰδοὺ ᾿Αδὰμ γέγονεν ὡς and timeδερματίνους to travel from purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the εἷς ἐξ ἡμῶν, τοῦ γινώσκειν καλὸν καὶ πονηρόν· καὶ νῦν μή ποτε ἐκτείνῃ τὴν χεῖρα αὐτοῦ 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS was born sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for betterin Berlin, sheξύλου made τῆς her ζωῆς first studies.

Inκαὶ 1932 she published an important study entitled: καὶ λάβῃwhere ἀπὸhealth, τοῦ καὶ φάγῃ ζήσεται εἰς heart τὸν αἰῶνα.

23city”, καὶ ἐξαπέστειλεν services of education, entertainment “at the of the (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for αὐτὸν Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς ἐκ τοῦ παραδείσου τῆς τρυφῆς ἐργάζεσθαι τὴν γῆν, ἐξ ἧς ἐλήφθη. lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, 24 ἐξέβαλε τὸν ᾿Αδὰμ καὶapproach, κατῴκισεν αὐτὸν ἀπέναντιIn τοῦ τῆςteacher τρυφῆςin καὶ inκαὶ 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

1950 sheto became the According to another the isπαραδείσου due a systematic and University College καὶ of London, where she continued social research.

Her public action and ἔταξε τὰ Χερουβὶμ τὴν φλογίνην ρομφαίαν τὴν her στρεφομένην φυλάσσειν τὴνofὁδὸν τοῦ long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers buying her work characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. ξύλου τῆς are ζωῆς. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 12 Σούρα 4, 1-2, Ελ ΝισάΟι Γυναίκες, σ.

102-103.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 13 Σούρα 15, 28, Ελ-Χίτζρ- Η βραχώδης περιοχή, σ. 368.

121 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

και εμφυσήσω μέσα του από το πνεύμα Μου, πέσετε (όλοι) κάτω με υπακοή προς αυτόν»14. Στη Βίβλο τονίζεται με έμφαση ότι ο Θεός έπλασε τον άνθρωπο «κατ’ εικόνα ημετέραν και καθ’ ομοίωσιν»15. Στο Κοράνιο η αντίληψη αυτή δεν γίνεται αποδεκτή. Σύμφωνα με την Κορανική διδασκαλία ο Θεός είναι μοναδικός και απερίγραπτος στο είδος Του και είναι αδύνατο να συγκριθεί με τον άνθρωπο που αποτελεί το τελειότερο δημιούργημά του.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Ο Θεός πληροφορεί τους αγγέλους ότι θα πλάσει από χώμα τον

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect άνθρωπο, τον οποίο μάλιστα αποκαλεί καιStudent «τοποτηρητή»: «Κοίτα! Όταν ο of the School of Architecture Κυριός σου είπε στους αγγέλους. «Εγώ θα δημιουργήσω τοποτηρητή Technicalένα University of Crete στη γη», εκείνοι αποκρίθηκαν: «Μήπως θέλεις να βάλεις σ’ αυτή κάποιον, 1.θα Introductory Defining theστιγμή conceptπου εμείς πανηγυρίζουμε το που τη βλάψειapproach: και θα χύσει αίμα-τη 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC,γνωρίζω Athens), μεγαλείο Σου και Εσένα δοξάζουμε»; Κι οconcept Αλλάχ απάντησε: «Εγώ ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC,από Athens), among wise heritage he left16us, he established a great the . Οι άγγελοι, όπως φαίνεται το εκείνο other που σεις δε γνωρίζετε» among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. απόσπασμα, τόνισαν στον Δημιουργό Θεό ότι το δημιούργημά του θα acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term προκαλέσει κακό στη γη και θα χυθεί πολύ αίμα. Ο Θεός τους καθησύχασε 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is in a first, if not final, approach, the term urban gentrification) gentrification προβάλλοντας(and την του Αδάμ. indicated (in the area of Planning) (or 1 (andυπεροχή gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Στην Παλαιά Διαθήκη αναφέρεται επίσης, ότι ο Θεός έδωσε εντολή Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, στον Αδάμ να όνομα στα ζώα17etc. . ΗHowever βιβλική αφήγηση δίνει ιδιαίτερη ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of δώσει art galleries, restaurants, “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless έμφαση στην εξέχουσα θέση που κατείχε ο Αδάμ ως διαχειριστής whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and της theof whatever other consequences has, results also land prices the Δημιουργίας τουspeculation). Θεού: «και έπλασεν ο Θεός έτιrising εκ τηςofγης πάντα τα(and θηρία potential relative potential relative speculation). τουThe αγρού πάντα ταisπετεινά ήγαγεν αυτά τον term και gentrification found atτου firstουρανού in the UKκαι in early 1960s and itπρος refers to Theιδείν term gentrification found firstόinεάν the UK in earlyαυτό 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trendαυτά, ofiswealthy people to buy property in poor Αδάμ, τι καλέσει και atπαν εκάλεσεν Αδάμ ψυχήν the then observed trend people to there buy property in poor areas 18wealthy London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof . ζώσαν, τούτο όνομα αυτώ» London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Το Κοράνιο διαφοροποιείται σε αυτό το σημείο αναφέροντας ότι ο being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ΘεόςAδίδαξε στον Αδάμ τις ονομασίες που έπρεπε ναwork δοθούν στα ζώα.Ruth «Ο ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the of Sociologist GLASSdescription at the same while similar recorded in other major Αδάμ, κατά το Κοράνιο και όχιsituations κατά την αφήγηση Παλαιάς GLASS at the same period, were recordedτης in other major cities inλοιπόν, Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. Διαθήκης, δεν μπορεί να χρησιμοποιήσει τη δημιουργικότητα και την cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more ευθύνη που του χάρισε ο Θεός, ώστε να αποδειχθεί ο κύριος της Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Δημιουργίας, αλλά την αφήγηση του Κορανίου, είναι υποχρεωμένος interpretations of theκατά phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin,14where she made her first studies.

In«Σάντ» 1932 she published an important study entitled: Σούρα 38, 71-72, Σάντ-Το γράμμα μιας Συντετμημμένης Λέξης, σ.

699. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth15Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Γέν 1,26. lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies 16 and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where 2,30, Ελ studies Μπάκαρα-Η Αγελάδα, σ. 6. in According 1943 Σούρα she published regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and 17 University College of London, where she continued social research.

Her and «Καὶ ἐκάλεσεν ᾿Αδὰμ ὀνόματα πᾶσι τοῖςher κτήνεσι καὶ πᾶσι brokers τοῖςpublic πετεινοῖς τοῦ long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work καὶ are characterized by a passion for justice. also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. οὐρανοῦ πᾶσι τοῖς etc., θηρίοις τοῦdepreciation ἀγροῦ· τῷ See δὲinitially ᾿Αδὰμ οὐχ εὑρέθη βοηθὸς ὅμοιος and selling real estate, for the of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: αὐτῷ», Γέν 2,20.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 18

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

να αποδειχθεί αποκλειστικά και μόνο ως ο υπάκουος αποδέκτης των εντολών του Θεού»19. Ο Θεός δίνει την δυνατότητα στους πρωτόπλαστους να χρησιμοποιούν τον Παράδεισο χωρίς όρια. Η μόνη απαγόρευση που τους έθεσε, και σ’ αυτό το σημείο συμφωνούν τόσο η Παλαιά Διαθήκη όσο και το Κοράνιο, ήταν να μην γευθούν τους καρπούς ενός μόνο δένδρου χωρίς να αναφέρεται συγκεκριμένα ποιο ήταν αυτό. Το Κοράνιο αναφέρει

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvardακόμη University, School of Design, Student, μάλιστα ότι τους απαγόρευσε και Graduate να το πλησιάσουν γιατί θα είναι By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect «άδικοι»: «Και πάλι είπαμε: «Ω! Αδάμ! Κατοίκησε συ και η γυναίκα σου of the School of Architecture στον Παράδεισο, και τρώτε απ’ τα άφθοναStudent πράγματά του όπως (όπου και Technical University of Crete όταν) θέλετε, αλλά μην πλησιάζετε αυτό το δέντρο, γιατί θα’ στε άδικοι»20. Σε 1.κάποιο σημείοapproach: αφήνεται να εννοηθεί ότι η γεύση των καρπών του Introductory Defining the concept 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept απαγορευμένου δένδρου έχει άμεση σχέση με την αθανασία: «Ο Σατανάς ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), όμως ψιθύρισε αυτόν he (και) είπε: «Ω! Αδάμ! aΘέλεις μήπως να the σε among other wiseσ’heritage left us, he established great “principle”: among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a great the οδηγήσω στο Δένδρο τηςhe Αιωνιότητας και βασιλεία που δεν acquisition of knowledge starts with of theσεcontent of“principle”: concepts. acquisition of21 knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term . παρακμάζει;» 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term area of Planning) (or gentrification Ο πειρασμός, τηgentrification) μορφή του Σατανά, κατάφερε να εξαπατήσει και 1 (and με gentrification urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various 22: «Τότε ο Σατανάς κατάφερε να τους κάνει να αμαρτήσουν την γυναίκα Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, και τους απ’ την κατάσταση της ευτυχίας που ζούσαν. Και τότε ways), of έβγαλε social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of είπαμε: «Κατεβείτε όλοι απ’ εδώ, αφού είστε εχθροί ο ένας με τον άλλο. Ηof the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and the γη θα είναι γιαspeculation). σας (προσωρινή) εγκατάσταση καιofαπόλαυση whatever other consequences has, results also rising land pricesγια (andένα the potential relative 23. Τους παρακινεί να παρακούσουν την εντολή του Θεού και να διάστημα» potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term found atκαρπό. first in the UK in early and itareas refers γευθούν απόgentrification τον trend απαγορευμένο Ο buy Αδάμ και η1960s σύντροφός του the then observed ofiswealthy people to property in poor ofto the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas φαίνεται ότι παρασύρθηκαν και τονsometimes άκουσαν. Αμέσως γίνεται φανερή ηof London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents are London, upgrade them,με stay sometimes there and thus old residents are γύμνια τους: «Έτσι τοthemselves δόλο κατάφερε την πτώση τους. Και όταν being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth 19 A description ofSchirrmmacher, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at same period, while similar recorded in θρησκείες other major Dr.the Thomas Κοράνιο και Βίβλος. Οι μεγαλύτερες σε GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. σύγκριση, ό.π., σ. 135.

20 cities inΣούρα Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then,2,the issue has scholars and for its more 35, Ελ ΜπάκαραΗ Αγελάδα, σ.several 7.

21 Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more Σούρα 20, approach 117, Το Τάχα-Συμβολικά Τ.Χ., σ.below, 465. from comprehensive are being γράμματα summarized 22 comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Στην Παλαιά αναφέρεται ότι εξαπατήθηκε η Εύα και παρέσυρε interpretations of theΔιαθήκη phenomenon of gentrification, theπρώτη following: interpretations the the following: τον «1. the Ο of δὲ ὄφιςphenomenon ἦν φρονιμώτατος πάντων θηρίων τῶν of ἐπὶsocial τῆς γῆς, ὧν InΑδάμ: a sense, phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of τῶν a new category groups ἐποίησε Κύριος ὁ Θεός. καὶ εἶπεν ὁ ὄφις τῇ γυναικί· τί ὅτι εἶπεν ὁ Θεός, οὐ μὴ φάγητε ἀπὸ to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money παντὸς ξύλου τοῦ παραδείσου; 2 καὶ εἶπεν ἡ γυνὴ τῷ where ὄφει· ἀπὸ καρποῦ ξύλου and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, work place τοῦ is, lack of τοῦ the παραδείσου φαγούμεθα, 3 ἀπὸ δὲ τοῦ καρποῦ τοῦ ξύλου, ὅ ἐστιν ἐν μέσῳ τοῦin 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS was born sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better Berlin, whereεἶπεν she made her first studies. Inἀπ᾿ 1932 she published important study ἵνα entitled: παραδείσου, ὁeducation, Θεός, οὐ φάγεσθε αὐτοῦ, οὐ heart δὲ μὴan αὐτοῦ, μὴ services of health, entertainment “at the ofἅψησθε the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for ἀποθάνητε.

4 καὶ εἶπεν ὁ ὄφις τῇ γυναικί· οὐ θανάτῳ ἀποθανεῖσθε· 5 ᾔδει γὰρ ὁ Θεός, ὅτι lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, ᾗinἂν ἡμέρᾳ ἀπ᾿ studies αὐτοῦ, διανοιχθήσονται ὑμῶν οἱInὀφθαλμοὶ καὶ ἔσεσθε ὡς θεοί, 1943 sheφάγητε published regarding cityphenomenon planning.

1950 sheto became teacher in the According to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College where she continued social research.

Her and γινώσκοντες καλὸν of καὶLondon, πονηρόν.

6 καὶ εἶδεν ἡ γυνή,her ὅτι καλὸν τὸ ξύλονbrokers εἰςpublic βρῶσιν καὶ ὅτι long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her workτοῖς are characterized by a passion for justice.

See κατανοῆσαι, also: COLLINSκαὶ ENGLISH DICTIONARY. ἀρεστὸν ὀφθαλμοῖς ἰδεῖν καὶ ὡραῖόν ἐστι τοῦ λαβοῦσα ἀπὸ and selling real estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban web,τοῦ in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: καρποῦ αὐτοῦ ἔφαγε· καὶ ἔδωκε καὶ τῷ ἀνδρὶ αὐτῆς μετ᾿ αὐτῆς, καὶ ἔφαγον», Γέν 3, 1-6.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 23 Σούρα 2,36, Ελ Μπάκαρα-Η Αγελάδα, σ. 7.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

δοκίμασαν το δένδρο, η ντροπή τους άρχισε να γίνεται φανερή σ’ αυτούς κι άρχισαν να συγκολλούν πάνω στα σώματά τους τα φύλλα του Κήπου. Τότε τους φώναξε ο Κύριός τους: «Μήπως δεν απαγόρευσα αυτό το δένδρο και στους δυο, και σας ειδοποίησα ότι ο Σατανάς είναι αναγνωρισμένος εχθρός σας;»24. Αισθανόμενοι, λοιπόν, την γύμνια τους άρχισαν να πλέκουν ρούχα από κλαδιά και ο Θεός τους έβγαλε έξω από τον παράδεισο.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate Design,με Student, Η Κορανική διήγηση διαφοροποιείται σε έναSchool ακόμηofσημείο αυτή By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect της Παλαιάς Διαθήκης. Στο Κοράνιο αναφέρεται ότι ο Αδάμ και η of Architecture σύντροφός του άρχισαν να παρακαλούν Student τον Θεόof the να School τους συγχωρήσει: Technical University of Crete «Εκείνοι αποκρίθηκαν: «Κύριέ μας! Είμαστε ένοχοι στον εαυτό μας, κι αν δεν1.μας συγχωρέσεις και μας σπλαχνιστείς, τότε θα είμαστε – βέβαια- με Introductory approach: Defining the concept 25. Από 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept το απόσπασμα φαίνεται δεν Θεός αυτός τους χαμένους» ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher,ότι (444 BCείναι - 370οBC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), που πονάει της αμαρτίας στην οποία υπέπεσαν οι “principle”: πρωτόπλαστοι among otherεξαιτίας wise heritage he left us, he established a great the among wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established aπράξη greatof“principle”: the αλλά οι other ίδιοι αισθάνονται από τηνcontent αυτή. Ο Θεός acquisition of knowledge startsπροσβεβλημένοι with of the concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with theτων the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the τότε term φαίνεται ότι συγχωρεί το ζεύγος πρωτοπλάστων: «Ο Αδάμ 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inτου a first, if (in notτου final, approach, theΚι term gentrification) indicated the area of Planning) (or gentrification κατάλαβε, τους εμπνευσμένους λόγουςis Κυρίου και μετάνιωσε. ο 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Κύριος δέχτηκε τη μετάνοια, γιατί είναι πολύ Επιεικής και Sociology as well), the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement 26as . Σε αντίθεση με την Παλαιοδιαθηκική διήγηση, στο Φιλεύσπλαχνος» ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless of Κοράνιο φαίνεται ότι η αμαρτία των πρωτοπλάστων δεν έχει περαιτέρω the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this “change”, regardless of whatever other has, results rising of land prices (and the συνέπειες για τηνconsequences ανθρωπότητα. whatever other has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). από την πτώση ο Θεός φαίνεται ναinείχε τον potential relative speculation).

TheΠριν term gentrification is found at first in the UK earlyπροειδοποιήσει 1960s and it refers to The gentrification found atpeople firstναinτους the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto Αδάμ ότιterm ο διάβολος θα προσπαθούσε παραπλανήσει προκειμένου the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas να καταφέρει ναthem, τους βγάλει έξω από τον παράδεισο: Και είπαμε: Ω!of London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes and«117. thus old residents are London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes andσ’ thus old residents are Αδάμ! (προειδοποιούμε), Αυτός (εδώ) είναι there εχθρός εσένα και στη being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of τον this phenomenon included in theαπό work of Sociologist Ruth σύζυγό σου. Μην αφήσετε καιisσας εκδιώξει τον Κήπο, ώστε να A description ofperiod, this αθλιότητα. phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major αποβιβαστείτε στην 118. Υπάρχουν για ofσένα (αρκετές GLASS at the same period, were να recorded in other 119. major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. προμήθειες) για να μην πεινάσειςεκεί situations μέσα- κι ούτε ξεγυμνωθείς, cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. then, the issueαπό has preoccupied severalκιscholars and its more κι Since ούτε θα υποφέρεις δίψα – εκεί μέσαούτε απ’ τηfor ζέστη του Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from 27 28 . Η πτώση , όμως, των πρωτοπλάστων στο Κοράνιο ήλιου» comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, theαντίθεση following: αντιμετωπίζεται ως ένα απλό παράπτωμα και, σε με την Παλαιά interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Διαθήκη, δεν αποτελεί στοιχείο οριστικής ρήξης της κοινωνίας του to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money ανθρώπου με τον Θεό. Στην Κορανική διήγηση αναφέρεται μεν ότι οι and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the πρωτόπλαστοι δενdistributed μπορούσαν πλέον να 1912-1940. μένουν στον Παράδεισο, 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, Ruth search GLASS wasbetter bornοin sense safety the residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she madeτου her first studies.δεν In 1932 she published anτο important study entitled: αναγνώστης, όμως, Κορανίου συμπεραίνει από κείμενο που services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies 24 and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where 7, Ελ-Εαράφ, Τα Ύψη,the σ.city 205. in According 1943 Σούρα she published studies regarding planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to22, another approach, phenomenon is due a systematic and 25 University College of London, where she continued social research. brokers Her public action and Σούρα 7, 23, Ελ-Εαράφ, Τα Ύψη, σ. groups, 205. her long-term informal effort by organized manufacturers, of buying 26 are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. her work Σούρα 2,estate, 37, Ελ etc., Μπάκαρα-Η Αγελάδα, σ.7-8. and selling realCOLLINS for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 27 Σούρα 20, 117-119, Το ΤάχαΣυμβολικά γράμματα Τ.Χ., σ.

465.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 28

124

Σούρα 20, 122, Το Τάχα- Συμβολικά γράμματα Τ.Χ., σ. 465.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

διαβάζει ότι το γεγονός αυτό έχει ιδιαίτερα αρνητικές επιπτώσεις στη μετέπειτα ζωή τους εκτός Παραδείσου. Παρόλα αυτά ο Θεός επέλεξε τον

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Αδάμ: «Έπειτα ο Κύριός του (απ’ την φιλανθρωπία τον διάλεξε, Harvard University, Graduate SchoolΤου) of Design, Student, δέχθηκε την μετάνοιά του και τον καθοδήγησε (σωστά)».

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect of the School of Architecture Ένα ακόμη σημείο που διαφοροποιείStudent την Παλαιοδιαθηκική από την Technical University of Crete Κορανική διήγηση είναι ότι στην πρώτη η σχέση μεταξύ του Αδάμ και της Εύας είναι διαφορετική και μετά την διάπραξη της αμαρτίας. Η 1. Introductory approach:πριν Defining the concept 1. Introductory the concept αλλαγή αυτή τηςapproach: σχέσης δεν αναφέρεται πουθενά Κοράνιο. Η ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC -στο 370 BC, Athens), μοναδική συνέπεια που φαίνεται ότι προκύπτει μετά την πτώση των ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition heαπό established a greatof“principle”: the πρωτοπλάστων είναι ότι he διώχθηκαν τον και έκτοτε acquisition of knowledge starts with of theΠαράδεισο content concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with the the of concepts. δημιουργήθηκε μιαon εχθρική σχέση μεindefinition τον διάβολο. Ηcontent αντιμετώπιση Based, therefore, this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, theαυτή term 1 (and on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notμε final, approach, the term μας Based, οδηγείtherefore, στο συμπέρασμα ότι το Κοράνιο βλέπει πιο αισιόδοξο τρόπο urban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various την μετέπειτα πορεία του ανθρώπου.

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement Συμπερασματικά θα μπορούσαμε να πούμε ότι στο Κοράνι: ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of α) η σχέση των ανθρώπων με τον Θεό αλλά και μεταξύ the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (andτους theof φαίνεται ότι δενspeculation). έχει υποστεί μεγάλη ζημιά γιατί ο Φιλεύσπλαγχνος Θεός whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). συγχωρεί τις αμαρτίες. Βασική προϋπόθεση συγχώρηση είναι The termόλες gentrification is found at first in the UK in για earlyτη1960s and it refers to The term iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto η μετάνοια εκgentrification μέρους τουofαμαρτωλού, the then observed trend to buy property in poor the then trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof β) upgrade η observed σχέσηthem, των ανθρώπων μεταξύ τους δεν έχει υποστεί φθορά γιατί London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ηbeing αμαρτία δεν είναι τόσο ισχυρή που να μπορέσει να την δηλητηριάσει, indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth άνθρωπος, και απομακρύνθηκε Παράδεισο, έχει τη Aγ) description ofperiod, thisαν phenomenon is situations includedαπό inwere theτον work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS atο the same while similar recorded in other major δυνατότητα να πράττει το καλό και να αντιστέκεται στον πειρασμό.

GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities inκαι Western countries, by other Researchers. Ακόμη αν the πέσει στην αμαρτία δεν πρέπει απογοητεύεται γιατί η Since then, issue has preoccupied severalναscholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more πτώση αυτή είναι ένα μικρόare «ολίσθημα». comprehensive approach being summarized below, from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: Συνεχίζεται… interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) YouthΕπί Unemployment.

The same εννέα year sheετών left Germany andθανάτου after continuous τη συμπληρώσει από του της Αειμνήστουfor lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, Αναστασίας Ιερωνύμου ΠΙΝΤΟΥ, Φίλοι και πολλαπλώς ευεργετηθέντες in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research.

Her public action and υπ΄Αυτής Επιστήμονες, Φοιτητές και άλλοι, ετέλεσαν Τρισάγιο του long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofεπί buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Τάφου της, κειμένου εις for το Α΄Co Νεκροταφείο Αθηνών. and selling real estate, etc., the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Απρ. 2019, Κ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ 125 2521 11

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Η lex mercatoria ως ένα σύνολοof πολύμορφων κανόνων που GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types Intervention, έχουν αντικείμενο την ουσιαστική ρύθμιση Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification των διεθνών συναλλαγών

Concerns Του Αρχιμανδρίτη Ιωάννη ΓΕΩΡΓΙΟΥ

Αποφοίτου Θεολογικής Σχολής Αθηνών, Φοιτ. Μεταπτυχιακού Διεθνούς και

By Mr. George-Sp. C. Προγρ.

ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University,Ευρωπαϊκού Graduate School of Design, Δικαίου Student, Οικονομικού Byτου Mr. Πανεπιστημίου George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

Ι. ΕΙΣΑΓΩΓΙΚΑ Μετά το Δεύτερο Παγκόσμιο παρατηρήθηκε μία έντονη και 1. Introductory approach: DefiningΠόλεμο the concept ολοένα αυξανόμενηapproach: διεθνοποίηση τωνphilosopher, συναλλακτικών σχέσεων πουAthens), είχε ως 1. Introductory the concept (444 BC ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek - 370 BC, συνέπεια την κρίση του κρατικού δικαίου και την ανάπτυξη «ιδιωτικών ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the δικαιικών χώρων», που προσπάθησαν να ρυθμίσουν αποτελεσματικά among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. το 1 τούτο διότιofοconcepts. χώρος των σύγχρονο φαινόμενο διεθνούς acquisition of knowledge starts withσυναλλαγής theindefinition of the content Based, therefore, onτης this “principle” a first, .ifΚαι not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban διεθνών ένας χώρος ευρύτατα η Based,συναλλαγών therefore, onείναι this “principle” inindicated a που first, αναγνωρίζεται if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 αυτονομία ιδιωτικής βούλησης. σημαίνει ότι(inταthe συμμετέχοντα σε μία gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology asτης well), as the “refining” ofΑυτό a cityis area, the removal from (in various διεθνή συναλλαγή μέρη έχουν τη δυνατότητα να καθορίσουν ελεύθερα τα Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), ofτης social groups, usually low-income andσεthe placement of artists, στοιχεία σχέσης τους και ναofτην υπαγάγουν όποιο δίκαιο there επιθυμούν. Η the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless ευρύτατη αναγνώριση της αυτονομίας της βούλησης στο χώρο των διεθνών whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever other consequences resultsότι alsoαυτές rising εμφανίζουν of land prices (and the συναλλαγών συνδέεται με το has, γεγονός ιδιαίτερα potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). χαρακτηριστικά. Απαιτούν ταχύτητα, The term gentrification is found at firstλιγότερη in the UKτυπικότητα, in early 1960sεξειδικευμένες and it refers to Theπροσαρμοσμένες term gentrification found atpeople first the UK in earlyσυγχρόνως, 1960s and itareas refersofto λύσεις ανάγκες τηςinπρακτικής και, νομική the then observed trend στις ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy people buy αυτό property in poor areas ασφάλεια και προβλεψιμότητα λύσεων. Για τοtoλόγο οι ασχολούμενοι μεof London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there thus old residents are το διεθνές εμπόριο επιλέγουν και διαμορφώνουν τιςand ρυθμίσεις που είναι being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description και of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth προσφορότερες καταλληλότερες για κάθε επιμέρους συναλλακτικό τομέα.

A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the whileπηγάζουν similar in other major Πρόκειται γιαsame ρυθμίσεις που άμεσα inwere από την πρακτική και τις GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western by other συνήθειες τωνcountries, εμπόρων. Στη Researchers. διαδικασία αυτή τους ωθεί και η cities in Western countries, byενός other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for itsμεmore πολυπλοκότητα εφαρμογής κανόνα συγκρούσεως σε συνδυασμό την Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various ακαταλληλότητα των ρυθμίσεων που περιέχονται στα εθνικά δίκαια. Κατ’ comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon ofπου gentrification, thebelow, following: αυτόν τον τρόπο οι επαγγελματίες δραστηριοποιούνται σε συγκεκριμένη interpretations of the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, phenomenon togentrification, a trend ofενιαίους a new of social groups αγορά ή στοthe ίδιο αντικείμενοis due αναπτύσσουν κανόνες λειτουργίας, to “return” to the leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high σύναψης costs in money των οποίων τοcity, περιεχόμενο κυμαίνεται από τον τρόπο της and time to και travel the purlieus downtown, where work place is, σύμβασης lack of the σύμβασης τοfrom περιεχόμενό τηςtoμέχρι τον τρόπο εκτέλεσης της 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town και την επίλυση των διαφορών που ενδεχομένως θα centres, προκύψουν από αυτή.

Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, 1 in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the Υπάρχει διεθνής συναλλαγή όταν πρόκειται για εμπορική συναλλαγή με το εξωτερικό to another approach, the is due a systematic and College of διεθνούς London, where she continued her social research.

Her public and ήUniversity σχέση ιδιωτικού δικαίου ή groups, οποιαδήποτε άλλη σχέσηbrokers που ενισχύει τα long-term informal effort by organized manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. συναλλαγματικά αποθέματα της χώρας, όταν δηλαδή η of έδρα οικονομίας κάθε and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially partτης of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: συμβαλλόμενου μέρους βρίσκεται όχι στο ίδιο αλλά σε διαφορετικό κράτος και έτσι το ένα G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

126

από αυτά εκτελεί την υποχρέωσή του στη χώρα του άλλου.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Όλα τα παραπάνω στοιχεία οδηγούν στη δημιουργία κανόνων και διεθνών εμπορικών συνηθειών και πρακτικών, οι οποίες διεκδικούν δεσμευτικότητα και ισάξια εφαρμογή με τους κανόνες κρατικής προέλευσης. Οι ρυθμίσεις αυτές και οι κανονιστικές πρακτικές χαρακτηρίζονται ως lex mercatoria2, η ανάλυση της έννοιας της οποίας αποτελεί το αντικείμενο της παρούσας μελέτης.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS

ΙΙ. ΠΗΓΕΣ, ΕΝΝΟΙΑ ΚΑΙ ΠΕΡΙΕΧΟΜΕΝΟ ΤΗΣ LEX MERCATORIA Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Η ύπαρξη της lex mercatoria δεν είναι καινούριοC. φαινόμενο, αφού ιδίως

By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect τα τελευταία πενήντα περίπου χρόνια έχει αναπτυχθεί σταδιακά και Student of the School of Architecture εμπειρικά η διδασκαλία της κυρίως στη Γαλλία και στην Αγγλία ως μιας Technical University of Crete αυτοφυούς3, αυτόνομης4, ανεθνικής5 και ειδικής έννομης τάξης6. Η 1. Introductory approach: Defining theτην concept παγκοσμιοποίηση δε της οικονομίας ενίσχυσε, με αποτέλεσμα να 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept διαπιστώνεται η παρουσία της σε πάρα πολλούς τομείς, μεταξύ η ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370των BC,οποίων Athens), 7,us, 8a, η 9, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370υπηρεσιών BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left he established great the η σύμβαση έργου παροχή σύμβαση πώλησης εμπορευμάτων other wise heritage leftthe us, heηλεκτρονικό established a great the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content of“principle”: concepts. ηamong εμπορική αντιπροσωπεία, τοdefinition εμπόριο και οι acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition the content of concepts.

10. in Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term χρηματοπιστωτικές δραστηριότητες 1 (and urban Based, therefore, “principle”διακρίνονται inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification Οι πηγές της on lexthis mercatoria σεthe πρωτογενείς και term σε 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various δευτερογενείς. Η έννοια των πρωτογενών πηγών μπορεί να ορισθεί ως η Sociology as ικανότητα well), as the “refining” of aδηλαδή city area, removal from this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there κανονιστική της πράξης, τοthe σύνολο των συναλλακτικών ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of συνηθειών, των επαναλαμβανόμενων συμβατικών ρητρών καιartists, οι the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the 2 potential Σταrelative ελληνικά ο σχετικός όρος έχει συνθέτως αποδοθεί από τον Ι. Σχοινά ως «διεθνές potential relative speculation).

The termδίκαιο gentrification is found at first in the UKτην in early 1960s and it refers to ομοιόμορφο των οικονομικών συναλλαγών» και από Ζ. Παπασιώπη-Πασιά ως «νέο The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of οικονομικό δίκαιο του διεθνούς εμπορίου».

3 the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are Με την έννοια των μη τυπικών πηγών δικαίου, αφού οι πηγές της είναι τα London, upgrade them,διαιτητικών stay themselves sometimes thereαρχές and thus oldκαι residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. δικαιοδοτικά προηγούμενα δικαστηρίων, οι γενικές δικαίου κυρίως τα being indirectly “squeezed”. διάφορα «διεθνή» έθιμα καιphenomenon συναλλακτικές συνήθειες.

A description of this is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A4description ofperiod, thisαυτονομίας phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work Sociologist Ruth Με της της κοινωνίας των εμπόρων στις of διεθνείς συναλλαγές GLASS at την the έννοια same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major απέναντι στις κρατικές έννομες τάξεις. cities in5 Western countries, by other Researchers. ΟιWestern κανόνεςthe της δεν προέρχονται από κρατικές δικαιοπαραγωγικές πηγές. cities in countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, issue has several scholars and for its more 6 Το μόνο αντικείμενό της είναι η διεθνής συναλλαγή.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from 7 Π.χ. με τη χρήση των λεγόμενων «incoterms» που ορίζονται ως «διεθνείς κανόνες για comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: την ερμηνεία των εμπορικών όρων». Τα «incoterms» επιτελούν διπλή λειτουργία: αφενός, interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups αποτελούν ένα είδος κώδικα μεταξύ των συναλλασσομένων εμπόρων [π.χ ο όρος «FOB» (= to “return” theπλοίου) city, leaving the purlieusσημασία, for several high money ελεύθερο επίtoτου έχει συγκεκριμένη με reasons: αποτέλεσμα ναcosts μην in χρειάζεται and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the οποιαδήποτε άλλη ανάλυση ή διευκρίνιση] και, αφετέρου, συμβάλλουν στη δημιουργία 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, ομοιόμορφου νομικού πλαισίου για ορισμένες πτυχές των συνηθέστερων στην πράξη Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) συναλλαγών.

Youth8Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” private access markets, etc. Π.χ. συμβατικοί όροι για τιςfrom αστικές κατασκευές που εκπονήθηκαν την FIDIC studies and οι research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back toαπό London, where in According 1943Ένωση she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the (Διεθνής Μηχανικών-Συμβούλων). to another approach, the is due a systematic and 9 University College of London, where she continued her social research.αντιπροσώπευση Her public and Π.χ.informal οι ομοιόμορφοι συμβατικοί κανόνες για την εμπορική του long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Διεθνούς Εμπορικού Επιμελητηρίου. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 10 Π.χ. οι ομοιόμορφοι κανόνες για την ενέγγυα πίστωση έναντι φορτωτικών εγγράφων G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually του Διεθνούς Εμπορικού Επιμελητηρίου.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

κωδικοποιημένοι κανόνες ιδιωτικών «θεσμικών» οργάνων, όπως και οι μη υποχρεωτικοί κανόνες διεθνών οργανισμών στο χώρο της διεθνούς συναλλαγής. Οι δευτερογενείς πηγές δεν γεννήθηκαν άμεσα από τις πρωτογενείς αλλά χάρη στην παρένθετη παρέμβαση και το έργο των παραγόντων διάπλασης, κυρίως της διεθνούς επιστήμης και των σχετικών λύσεων των διαιτητικών δικαστηρίων. Χάρη σε αυτούς ολοκληρώθηκε η lex mercatoria αποκτώντας δευτερογενείς πηγές τις γενικές αρχές του διεθνούς

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS εμπορίου, όπως αυτές εφαρμόζονται κυρίως από τα διαιτητικά δικαστήρια Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, και τα διαιτητικά προηγούμενα αμφίβολης νομικής δεσμευτικότητας.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Το χαρακτηριστικό της lex mercatoriaStudent ως μίας έννοιας εύπλαστης με of the School of Architecture έντονα υποκειμενικά στοιχεία οδήγησε στην ανάπτυξη μίας πλειάδας Technical University of Crete ορισμών της με ορισμένα κοινά σημεία. Μεταξύ των πρώτων ορισμών που 1. Introductory concept διατυπώθηκαν στηapproach: δεκαετίαDefining του 1950the ήταν αυτός του Clive Schmitthoff που 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 ορίζει τη lex mercatoria ως «το σύνολο κανόνων με αντικείμενο διεθνή ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC,τηAthens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCπολυσύνθετη -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise συστηματικό heritage he left us, he established a great the συναλλαγή χωρίς χαρακτήρα (unsystematic), και among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition a greatτου the 11he acquisition of(complex knowledge starts with of theάποψη content of“principle”: concepts. . Ηestablished εν λόγω Schmitthoff πολύμορφη and multiform)» acquisition of knowledge starts with the the content concepts.

Based, therefore, this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term παρουσιάζει κενά ωςon προς τη σχέση τηςindefinition lex mercatoria προς τα of εθνικά δίκαια, 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inεθνικών a first, ifδικαίων. notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) indicated (in area ofμεθοδολογική Planning) (or gentrification αφού δέχεται την ύπαρξή της εντός τωνis Από 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various σκοπιά αυτή η θέση για τη φύση της lex mercatoria κατατάσσεται Sociology asστους well), as the “refining” of a city area, the fromthere this, (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually ofουσιαστικού low-income and theremoval placement of αναμφίβολα κανόνες του ιδιωτικού διεθνούς δικαίου. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However regardless of Εν συνεχεία, ο Goldman υποστήριξε ότι η this lex “change”, mercatoria είναιartists, «το the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the σύνολο των γενικών αρχών και εθιμικών κανόνων που δημιουργήθηκανof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative αυτοφυώς στο πλαίσιο του διεθνούς εμπορίου χωρίς αναφορά σε κάποιο potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first και in the UK in early and it refers to συγκεκριμένο κρατικό σύστημα δικαίου αποτελούν μία1960s “αυτόνομη έννομη The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers to the then observed trend of to buy property in poor of τάξη” ικανή να διέπει κατά ουσιαστικό τρόπο τις διεθνείς συναλλαγές» 12. Οι the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents are κεντρικές θέσεις them, του Goldman μπορούν να συνοψισθούν στηoldδιαπίστωση London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes there and thus residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ύπαρξης ανεθνικών κανόνων, η γέννηση των οποίων οφείλεται στην ύπαρξη being indirectly “squeezed”. descriptionμιας of this phenomenon is included in the of Sociologist Ruth καιAA λειτουργία διεθνούς κοινωνίας εμπόρων μεwork ιδιαίτερο δικαιοδοτικό description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major όργανο, τη διεθνή διαιτησία, η οποία ως σύνολο were κανόνων διαθέτει γενικές GLASS at the same period, while similar situations recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. αρχές τη countries, δυναμική byτης και δικούς της μηχανισμούς cities inγια Western otherανάπτυξη Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more αυτοελέγχου. Τοthe σύνολο υπαρκτών αυτών ανεθνικών κανόνων πληροί τη Since then, issueτων has several scholars andthe for its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from various λειτουργία της έννομης τάξης και διαθέτει, κατάbelow, συνέπεια, εσωτερική comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: αυτονομία. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Οι προαναφερόμενες δύο απόψεις συνιστούν τις δύο κεντρικές απόψεις to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money σχετικά με τη lex mercatoria. Η πρώτη είναι πιο πραγματιστική αλλά λιγότερο and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the επαναστατική, ενώ ηfrom δεύτερη είναιRuth θεωρητικά πιο ριζοσπαστική, δογματικά 1.of The termat comes Sociologist GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she madeκαι herοραματιστική. first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: δε πιο προωθημένη Οι βασικές διαφορές των δύο θεωριών services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, 11 in According 1943 sheτοpublished studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

1950 sheto became teacher in the Βλ. συγκεκριμένο ορισμό σε Χ. the Παμπούκη, Η lexIn mercatoria ως δίκαιο to another approach, is due aεφαρμοστέο systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research.

Her public and στις διεθνείς συμβατικές ενοχές, Συμβολή στη γενική θεωρία του δικαίου των διεθνών long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. συναλλαγών, εκδόσεις Ν.for Σάκκουλα, Αθήνα-Κομοτηνή 1996, σελ.

78. Προς την ίδια and selling real estate,Αντ. etc., theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: κατεύθυνση οι απόψεις των Norbert Horn και Kurt Siehr.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 12

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

επικεντρώνονται στο ότι η lex mercatoria του Goldman είναι μία απολύτως νομικά αυτόνομη ανεθνική έννομη τάξη, ενώ αυτή του Schmitthoff διακρίνεται από ένα σύνολο κανόνων με αυτόνομο αντικείμενο –τη διεθνή συναλλαγή- που δρα συμπληρωματικά και στο πλαίσιο κάποιου κρατικού δικαίου. Οι Ole Lando και Pierre Mayer προέβαλαν τη δικαιοδοτική θεώρηση της lex mercatoria και υποστήριξαν παρόμοιες απόψεις τονίζοντας ότι οι

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS διαιτητές δεν εφαρμόζουν τη lex mercatoria, αλλά τη δημιουργούν, κάτι που Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, 13. Με άλλα λόγια, υποστήριξαν επιτρέπει η αυτονομία της διαιτητικής δίκης

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect ότι το φυσικό περιβάλλον τη lex mercatoria είναι η διεθνής διαιτησία.

Student of the School of Architecture Αρκετά σημαντική είναι και η κριτική πραγματιστική θεώρηση του Technical University of Crete Lord Mustill, ο οποίος αρχικά διαπιστώνει ότι υπάρχουν πολλές έννοιες της Introductory approach: lex1.mercatoria, η οποία είναι Defining ανεθνική the καιconcept αυτοφυής. Υπογραμμίζει παραπέρα 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept τηνANTISTHENIS, ασάφεια των γενικών αρχών του δικαίου ως πηγή τον εξής the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 της BC και - 370θέτει BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC,έχει Athens), among other wiseαν heritage he left us, established aγενικές great the προβληματισμό: θεωρηθεί ότι η he αναφορά στις(444 αρχές τη among other wiseπροσδίδουν heritage leftthe us,definition he established aπου great the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content of“principle”: concepts. στο σημασία που τους τα περισσότερα κράτη συμμετέχουν acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” aναfirst, if of not final, the term διεθνές γίγνεσθαι, τότε δεν είναι δυνατό υποστηριχθεί ηapproach, οικουμενικότητα 1 (and urban therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification της Based, lex mercatoria ως lex universalis.is Και επιπλέον διερωτάται πως θα 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various προσδιορισθούν οι γενικές αρχές. Επομένως, για να έχει σημασία η αναφορά Sociology as αρχές, well), asθα the “refining” of a city fromthere this, (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually ofνα low-income andthe theremoval placement of στις γενικές πρέπει έχει τη area, σημασία των γενικών αρχών των ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation art galleries,μεrestaurants, etc.διαφορά, However this regardless of κρατών που of συνδέονται την επίδικη την“change”, οποία και αποκαλεί the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the 14 micro lex mercatoria . Επεκτείνει τις σκέψεις του και σε ένα ακόμη θέμαof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative σχετικά με την τεχνική εφαρμογή της από τον διαιτητή και καταλήγει ότι ο potential relative speculation).

The term θα gentrification found at first UK in early 1960s and it refers to τελευταίος πρέπει ναis εξετάσει αν in η the εφαρμογή κάποιου δικαίου είναι The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor αρμόζουσα και σε αρνητική περίπτωση να αποφασίσει αν η διαφορά θα the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, them, stay of themselves and thusαν old residents areof κριθεί μεupgrade επιείκεια ή σύμφωνα με ανεθνικούς κανόνες. υπάρχει ρητή London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes thereΤέλος, and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. επιλογή της lex mercatoria ενώπιον του δικαστή, τότε αυτός θα πρέπει να την being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon included in the work of Sociologist Ruth εφαρμόσει αξιωματικά αλλοδαπόisδίκαιο. Ο Mustill προσέφερε κάποια A description ofperiod, thisως phenomenon is situations included inwere the δεν work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major πρωτότυπη δογματική θέσηwhile ή απόχρωση αλλά κατέδειξε τις θεωρητικές και GLASS at the same period, similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. πρακτικές δυσκολίες της εφαρμογής της lex mercatoria και τη δυσκολία cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more υλοποίησής τηςtheαπό τον επιχειρηματικό κόσμο στον and οποίο τελικά Since then, issue has several scholars for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the απευθύνεται. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups ΙΙΙ. ΤΡΟΠΟΣ ΕΦΑΡΜΟΓΗΣ ΤΗΣ LEX MERCATORIA ΤΑ to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costsΑΠΟ in money ΔΙΑΙΤΗΤΙΚΑ ΚΑΙ ΤΑ ΚΡΑΤΙΚΑ ΔΙΚΑΣΤΗΡΙΑ and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Στο πλαίσιο τηςSociologist παρούσας θα centres, γίνει διάκριση δύοin The term from Ruth ενότητας GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born sense1.of safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town for Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published ansensu important study entitled: περιπτώσεων εφαρμογής της lex mercatoria: η stricto εφαρμογή της services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment.

The samesensu year she left Germanyτης and από after τον continuous for από τον διαιτητή και η lato αναγνώρισή κρατικό δικαστή. lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Ηinδιαφοροποίηση αυτή επιβάλλεται λόγω της οργανικής ένταξης του δικαστή 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 she teacher in the According to another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research.

Her public action and σε μία κρατική έννομη και της groups, ελευθερίας του διαιτητή που of δεν έχει long-term informal effort τάξη by organized manufacturers, brokers buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 13 Βλ. σε Χ. Παμπούκη, ό.π., σελ.

94. Προς την ίδια κατεύθυνση και ο Paulsson.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 14 Χ. Παμπούκης, ό.π., σελ. 95.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

130

forum. Ο διαιτητής, όντας ιδιωτικό δικαιοδοτικό όργανο, αναζητεί την ικανοποιητικότερη λύση στην εκάστοτε διαφορά απαλλαγμένος από τους περιορισμούς του κρατικού δικαστή ως προς το εφαρμοστέο ουσιαστικό δίκαιο. Να σημειωθεί ότι για τον διαιτητή βαρύνουσα σημασία έχει η βούληση των μερών ως προς το εφαρμοστέο δίκαιο. Ωστόσο, σε ορισμένες περιπτώσεις οι ανεθνικοί κανόνες εφαρμόζονται εκτός ή και παρά τη

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS βούληση των μερών. Ακόμη σε κάποιες υποθέσεις λαμβάνει χώρα Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, συμπληρωματική εφαρμογή ανεθνικών κανόνων προςC.ένα κρατικό δίκαιο. Η

By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect μέθοδος εφαρμογής των ανεθνικών κανόνων από τον διαιτητή είναι μία Student of the School of Architecture σχετικά εύκολη διαδικασία όταν τα μέρη έχουν προβεί στηνUniversity επιλογήofτους.

Technical Crete Τότε ο διαιτητής εφαρμόζει τους ανεθνικούς κανόνες ακριβώς επειδή 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept αποτελούν την επιθυμία των μερών. Στην αντίθετη περίπτωση που 1.

Introductory approach: Defining theβούλησης concept (444 παρατηρείται μία απουσία τηςGreek σχετικής τωνBC μερών, ο διαιτητής ANTISTHENIS, the ancient philosopher, - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, among other σε wiseενδείξεις heritage he left us, he aπεριπτώσεις great the προσφεύγει εφαρμογής. Σεestablished ορισμένες μεAthens), βάση among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatτων the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content of“principle”: concepts. υποκειμενικές ενδείξεις δημιουργεί μια υποθετική βούληση μερών, ενώ acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, onπρόκειται this “principle” indefinition a first, if not final, approach, the term στην πραγματικότητα γιαthe ετερόνομη εφαρμογή της lex mercatoria.

1 (and urban Based,πάλι therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a εφαρμόζει first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is of Planning) (or gentrification Σε άλλες περιπτώσεις ο διαιτητής τη area lex mercatoria με 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various αντικειμενικές ενδείξεις επειδή η σχέση εντοπίζεται στο χώρο της lex Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement mercatoria. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.το However this “change”, regardless of Ενώπιον του εθνικού δικαστή ζήτημα παρουσιάζει έντονη the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the διαφοροποίηση. Ο δικαστής δεν μπορεί να καταλήξει στην εφαρμογή τωνof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative ανεθνικών κανόνων παρά μόνο με βάση τους κανόνες του forum του, οι potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to οποίοι τον δεσμεύουν. Τοisπρόβλημα των ανεθνικών κανόνων σ’ αυτήν την The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor περίπτωση έγκειται στο πρόβλημα ένταξής τους σε συγκεκριμένη έννομη the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stayστα themselves and thus old residents areof εθνική τάξη. Ωστόσο, κρατικάsometimes δίκαια δεν London, upgrade them, stay themselves thereυπάρχουν and thus oldμηχανισμοί residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. αναγνώρισης των ανεθνικών κανόνων που να οδηγούν στην εφαρμογής τους being indirectly “squeezed”. description of this phenomenon is included the work of Sociologist Ruth καιAπεραιτέρω στη δικαιοποίησή τους. Γι’ αυτόinin διερευνήθηκε κατά πόσο οι A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar were in other major μεθοδολογικές τεχνικές του ιδιωτικού διεθνούς δικαίου επιτρέπουν GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. λειτουργικά την countries, άμεση ή by έμμεση εφαρμογή τους. Στο πεδίο της σπάνιας cities in Western other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more ομολογουμένως ευθείας των ανεθνικών κανόνων ενώπιον του Since then, the issueεφαρμογής has several below, scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from the εθνικού δικαστή, approach η συγκριτική νομολογία των δικαστηρίων δενvarious τους comprehensive are being summarized below, from the interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: προσδίδει την ετερονομία κανόναofδικαίου, αλλά κυρίως χρησιμοποιούνται interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups ερμηνευτικά. Διαφορετικά είναι τα πράγματα στην περίπτωση της to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money αναγνώρισης ή και της μη ακύρωσης διαιτητικής απόφασης που εφάρμοσε and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the ανεθνικούς κανόνες, στηνSociologist οποία η νομολογία των κρατικών δικαστηρίων δενin 1.of The term from Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS for wasbetter born sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, search Berlin, where she made herθέση. first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: τηρεί την ίδια αρνητική services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for YouthΑυτή Unemployment.

The same year she left Germanyθεωρητικά and after continuous η φαινομενική αντίθεση εξηγείται από την αδυναμία lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, των μεθοδολογικών τεχνικών του ιδιωτικού διεθνούς οδηγήσουν – in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the isδικαίου due aναsystematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research.

Her public action and στο στάδιο της ευθείας εφαρμογήςστην υιοθέτηση ανεθνικών long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers κανόνων. of buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Σχετικά ήδη εκτέθηκαν οιfor περιπτώσεις επιλογής καιofμη επιλογής ανεθνικών and selling real estate, etc., the depreciation initially part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: κανόνων από τα μέρη. Και στις δύο εκδοχές ο σχετικός κανόνας του ιδιωτικού G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

διεθνούς δικαίου δεν μπορεί τεχνικά να οδηγήσει στην απευθείας εφαρμογή ανεθνικών κανόνων, αφού ο σκοπός τους είναι η σύνδεση του συνόλου μιας βιοτικής σχέσης με μία κρατική έννομη τάξη. Κατά συνέπεια, η συμβατική αναφορά στην εφαρμογή των ανεθνικών κανόνων θα πρέπει να ερμηνεύεται ως παραπομπή σε ουσιαστικό δίκαιο και όχι ως επιλογή εφαρμοστέου δικαίου. Η ίδια διαπίστωση ισχύει και υπό το φως διεθνών συμβάσεων για το εφαρμοστέο δίκαιο στις συμβατικές ενοχές και ειδικότερα της Σύμβασης της

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Ρώμης του 1980. Στην περίπτωση που δεν υπάρχει βούληση των μερών ο Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, κανόνας σύγκρουσης ή σύνδεσης δεν στην εφαρμογή των ανεθνικών By οδηγεί Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect κανόνων, αφού οι τελευταίοι δεν έχουν Student χωρικήof υποστήριξη και κατά the School of Architecture συνέπεια δεν υπάρχουν κατάλληλοι σύνδεσμοι.

Technical University of Crete Ωστόσο, οι ανεθνικοί κανόνες δεν είναι καταδικασμένοι σε μη εφαρμογή 1. Introductory approach: Defining theεφαρμόζονται concept ενώπιον του κρατικού δικαστή. Αφενός απευθείας ιδιαίτερα οι 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 συναλλακτικές συνήθειες, στοGreek πλαίσιο διεθνών συμβάσεων ANTISTHENIS, the ancient philosopher, BC - 370ομοιόμορφου BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -για 370τις BC,διεθνείς Athens), among other wise heritage heαυτή left us, established a1980 great “principle”: the ουσιαστικού δικαίου, όπως τηςhe Βιέννης του(444 among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he aκανονιστική greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. . πωλήσεις εμπορευμάτων καιhe μάλιστα μεestablished ετερόνομη δράση15 acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, not final, approach, the term Αφετέρου είναι δυνατό να εφαρμοσθούν στοif of πλαίσιο του εφαρμοστέου 1 (and urban Based, δικαίου. therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a κανόνες first, if (in notαποτελούν final, approach, the term gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification κρατικού Τέλος, οι ανεθνικοί παράγοντα 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various διάπλασης ουσιαστικών κανόνων ιδιωτικού διεθνούς δικαίου που αφορούν Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement τη διεθνή συναλλαγή. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of artαναγνώριση galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Κατά την αλλοδαπής διαιτητικής απόφασης, κυρίως the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the σύμφωνα με τη Σύμβαση της Νέας Υόρκης, το ζήτημα του εφαρμοστέουof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential δικαίου relative δεν ελέγχεται. Η εξήγηση παρέχεται από τη σύγχρονη τάση potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first Δεν in the in early 1960s it refers to αυτονόμησης της διεθνούς διαιτησίας. θαUK πρέπει όμως ναand συγχέεται η The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor αναγνώριση της διαιτητικής απόφασης με την αναγνώριση των από αυτήν the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves thus old residents areof εφαρμοσθέντων ανεθνικών κανόνων. sometimes Συνεπώς, η there θέσηand του κρατικού δικαστή London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. στο στάδιο της ευθείας εφαρμογής με αυτήν του σταδίου αναγνώρισης και being indirectly “squeezed”. description of this phenomenon included in the work of Sociologist Ruth μη A ακύρωσης διαιτητικής απόφασης is δεν είναι αντιφατική.

A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. ΙV. ΕΠΙΛΟΓΟΣ Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more O όρος lexapproach mercatoria λατινικός και κατά λέξη αποδίδεται ως comprehensive areείναι being summarized below, from the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of theΠρόκειται phenomenon of για gentrification, the following: «εμπορικός νόμος». όμως κάτι πέρα από έναν «εμπορικό νόμο»: the phenomenon of the following: In amercatoria sense, theof phenomenon is dueως togentrification, a trend ofόρος a new category of social groups ηinterpretations lex χρησιμοποιείται τεχνικός για να αναφερθούμε σε to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons:κατά high costs money ένα σύνολο κανόνων δικαίου, το οποίο επιλέγεται τις in διεθνείς and time to travel from purlieusκαι to downtown, work place is,να lack of the συναλλαγές, ως το πιο the πρόσφορο για τα δύο where μέρη, προκειμένου termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth15Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, τη “withdrawal” from private easier access to markets, etc.where Βλ. ως προς δυνατότητα αυτή σε Δωρή, Εισαγωγή στο αστικό δίκαιο, τεύχος Α΄, studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she came back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. she«… teacher in the Αντ. Σάκκουλας, 1991, σελ.

107 the που αναφέρει In επί1950 συνήθειες που toΑθήνα, another approach, isλέξει: due tobecame aοιsystematic and Universityστις College of London, where continued her social research.

Her public action and τηρούνται συναλλαγές ωςshe συνήθειες μία κάποια δύναμη brokers επιβολής ορισμένης long-term informal effortέχουν by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. συμπεριφοράς. Υπό το etc., πρίσμα αυτό μπορεί να initially γίνει WIKIPEDIA: λόγος γιαof κάποια κανονιστική and selling realCOLLINS estate, for the depreciation of part the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

The Free Encyclopedia: (ρυθμιστική) λειτουργία των συναλλακτικών ηθών: αποτελούν και αυτά, μπορεί να πει κανείς, G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually ένα είδος οδηγών (κανόνων) συμπεριφοράς των συναλλασσομένων».

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

αποφύγουν τις αμφισβητήσεις που θα δημιουργούσε η εφαρμογή του εκάστοτε τοπικού θετικού δικαίου, το οποίο δεν περιείχε διατάξεις για κάθε εμπορική διαφορά που θα μπορούσε να προκύψει. Ιστορικά, τα πρώτα βήματα της lex mercatoria πραγματοποιήθηκαν το μεσαίωνα από τους ευρωπαίους εμπόρους που επιδίωκαν να δημιουργήσουν ένα κοινά αποδεκτό πλαίσιο εθιμικών κανόνων και βέλτιστων πρακτικών καταξιωμένων στις

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS συναλλαγές16. Μπορεί να μην είχε δηλαδή μια θεσμική βάση σε συγκεκριμένο Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, εθνικό δίκαιο, αλλά το ζητούμενο ήταν η αποτελεσματικότητα της εφαρμογής

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect του και το ότι ήταν γνωστό σε όλους τους εμπλεκόμενους. Εξάλλου, η Student of the School of Architecture ευρύτατη γνώση του κανόνα είναι στην ουσία μια Technical μήτρα κανονιστικότητας University of Crete πολύ πιο ισχυρή από την νομιμοποίηση μέσω της θεσμικής διαδικασίας.

1. Introductory Defining θεσμοί, the concept Άλλωστε και οι approach: νομοπαραγωγικοί με όλο το τελετουργικό που 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept ακολουθούν, αυτό the επιδιώκουν: η θέσπιση των νόμων γίνεται όσο το ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCνα- 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCάγνοια -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us,μπορεί he established a great the δυνατόν πιο δημόσια, ώστε ουδείς να να επικαλεστεί δικαίου. among other left us,definition he established aσύνολο greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with the of the concepts. και Αρχικά ηwise lex heritage mercatoria εμφανιζόταν ως έναcontent κανόνων acquisition ofακολουθούσαν knowledge starts theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” if of not final, approach, the term αρχών που οιwith ίδιοι οιa first, έμποροι, για να ρυθμίσουν τις 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on διευθετήσουν this “principle”γρήγορα inindicated a first,τις if (in not final, approach, the term gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification συμφωνίες τους και να διαφωνίες τους καθώς ως 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various γνωστόν οι νομικές επιπλοκές και καθυστερήσεις λειτουργούν ανασταλτικά Sociology as well), the “refining” ofοιa city area, the this, (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually ofΈτσι low-income andεπέλεγαν theremoval placement there of στην προαγωγή τουasεμπορίου. έμποροι οι from ίδιοι δικαστές για ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of να operation εφαρμόσουν την lex mercatoria κατά την επίλυση των διαφορών τους, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the παρακάμπτοντας τα κρατικά δικαστήρια που θα εφάρμοζαν το εθνικό δίκαιο.of whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Οι Άγγλοι δικαστές ειδικότερα, οι οποίοι πάντοτε εστίαζαν στην ανάγκη potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found atκαι firstλιγότερο in the UK στη in early 1960s and it refers to εξυπηρέτησης των συναλλαγών θεσμική έδραση των The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor κανόνων -όπως οι δικαστές σε χώρες που εφαρμόζεται το ηπειρωτικό δίκαιοthe then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade stay of themselves and thus residents areof από πολύ νωρίςthem, κήρυξαν lex mercatoria μέρος τουold εφαρμοστέου London, upgrade them, stay την themselves sometimesως there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. δικαίου. Έτσι το “squeezed”. αγγλικό κοινοδίκαιο έγινε το πρώτο κανονιστικό σύνολο που being indirectly A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of έθιμα Sociologist Ruth περιείχε αυτούσιες τις εμπορικές πρακτικές και τα που είχαν A description ofperiod, thisβέλτιστες phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major 17 . αναπτύξει οιthe έμποροι GLASS at same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Ωστόσο, η lex mercatoria έχειResearchers. δεχθεί και αρνητική κριτική, κυρίως, ως cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more προςSince τη μη δεσμευτικότητα των κανόνωνseveral της, την έλλειψη then, the issue has scholars andμηχανισμού for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the επιβολής τους, τη approach δυσκολία are απόδειξής της και τη μηbelow, συστηματοποίησή της. comprehensive being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Αν και δεν έχει αναγνωρισθεί ως αυτόνομη έννομη τάξη από τις περισσότερες interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups εθνικές έννομες τάξεις, οι τελευταίες ανέχονται την ύπαρξή της, αφενός, για to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money λόγους ενθάρρυνσης των διεθνών συναλλαγών και, αφετέρου, διότι η and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the λειτουργικότητά στο residencies πλαίσιο στο 1912-1940. οποίο αναπτύσσεται δενin 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born sense safety the της distributed outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she είναι published an important study entitled: αμφισβητείται. Η σημασία της, εντούτοις, εμφανής, ιδιαίτερα στο services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment.

The same yearδιαιτησίας. she left Germany and after continuous movements for πλαίσιο τηςcost διεθνούς εμπορικής lower living of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work 16 are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Βλ.Wil. έτσιCOLLINS σε https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lex_mercatoria. and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 17 Β. Σωτηρόπουλος, Ούτε "Αγγλικό", ούτε "Ελληνικό" δίκαιο: lex mercatoria, σε EG. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

132

Lawer, διαθέσιμο σε http://elawyer.blogspot.com/2012/01/lex-mercatoria.html.

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Γεωπολιτική και Γεωστρατηγική

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Ανατομία της Ανατολικής Μεσογείου Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, και οι Επιπτώσεις μιας Μεγάλης Γεωπολιτικής Δίνης Architect

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Student of the School of Architecture σε Κύπρο και Ελλάδα Technical University of Crete

Πρόλογος 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Κων. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where sheΠάφος continued social research. brokers Her public and 2019 her long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

Ανδρέας Π. ΧΑΡΑΛΑΜΠΟΥΣ

Γεωπολιτική και Γεωστρατηγική Ανατομία της Ανατολικής Μεσογείου και οι Επιπτώσεις μιας Μεγάλης Γεωπολιτικής Δίνης σε Κύπρο και Ελλάδα

GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Ανδρέας Π. ΧΑΡΑΛΑΜΠΟΥΣ Concerns

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Περιφερειακή Πολιτική της ΕΕ GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, για την ανάπτυξη 2021–2027: από την οικονομική σύγκλιση Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification στην εδαφική συνοχή Concerns Της κυρίας Χριστ. ΜΠΑΡΜΠΑΡΟΥΣΗ

Υποψ. Δρος Τμήμ. Μηχανικών Χωροταξίας, Πολεοδομίας και

By Mr.Ανάπτυξης, George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Περιφερειακής Πολυτεχνικής Σχολής Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Πανεπιστημίου Θεσσαλίας

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

134

Περίληψη Η παρούσα εργασία έχει ως στόχο τη συγκριτική διερεύνηση και 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept αντιπαραβολή του approach: προηγούμενου προτύπου της Περιφερειακής Πολιτικής 1. Introductory Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, theμε ancient Greek (444συμβολής BC - 370 BC, Athens), Συνοχής με το νέο, σκοπό τηνphilosopher, εξέταση της τους στην ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the άμβλυνση των περιφερειακών ανισοτήτων και την παραγωγή among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the στρατηγικής στην with Ε.Ε. the Ειδικότερα, εξετάζεται το of πώς ανάμεσα acquisition ofανάπτυξης knowledge starts the content concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term στο οικονομικό κεφάλαιο (μηχανισμός τιμών, ρυθμοί μεγέθυνσης, χωρική 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 συγκέντρωση, σύγκλιση οικονομιών προς τα άνω) και το κοινωνικό – gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various σχεσιακό κεφάλαιο ανάπτυξη, ρύθμιση/αναδιάρθρωση Sociology as well), as(υπεραξία the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually ofγνώσης, low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, με συμπίεση προς τα κάτω), οικοδομείται μια νέα συνιστώσα the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless διαπραγμάτευσης μεταξύ των το also εδαφικό κεφάλαιο: ενδογενής whatever other consequences has,δύο, results rising of land prices (and theof whatever other consequences has, resultsστρατηγικά, also rising ofμεland prices (andκαι the ανάπτυξη, οι οικονομίες αναπτύσσονται συνάρθρωση potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to συνοχή, ανάλογα με ταisιδιαίτερα φυσιογνωμικά χαρακτηριστικά τους· The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of αποστολή του εδαφικού κεφαλαίου είναι η ενεργοποίησή του για τηνto the then observed wealthy people to there buy property inοικονομικών, poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof εξισορρόπηση τωνtrend εν of λόγω αντίρροπων δυνάμεων London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. εδαφικών πόρων και δημόσιων πολιτικών, που οδήγησαν στο ασύμμετρο being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included the work of Sociologist Ruth χωρικό πρότυπο ανάπτυξης εντός Ε.Ε.inin(περιφερειακό πρόβλημα, A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is της included the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations were in other major πρόβλημα ανισοτήτων). Η σπουδαιότητα της ωςrecorded άνω παρεμβολής GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. προκύπτει από countries, το γεγονός, ότι Researchers. η οικονομία δεν πρέπει να θεωρείται cities in Western bypreoccupied other Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more ανεξάρτητη απόthe τοissue χώρο, αφού ό,τι συμβαίνει μέσα στο σύστημα της Since then, has preoccupied several below, scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from the αγοράς, συναρτάται από το έδαφος πάνω στο οποίο συμβαίνει. Κατ’ αυτό comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: τον μεταβλητή τουis χώρου εμπλακεί ωςof επιταχυντής interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: Inτρόπο, a sense,ηthe phenomenon dueof togentrification, aμπορεί trend ofνα a new social groups των συντελεστών συμμετοχής, εγκατάστασης και ειδίκευσης στην to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money οικονομική και περιφερειακή ανάπτυξη και ως τέτοιος πρέπει να and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS was born θεωρείται. sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for betterin Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Εισαγωγή in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Η πολιτική συνοχής της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης στο University College of London, where she continued her social research.αναφέρεται Her public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her workτων are characterized byπου a passion for justice. also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. σύνολο προάγουν τη See μείωση των ανισοτήτων μεταξύ and selling realενεργειών, estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: των διαφόρων περιφερειών. Πριν από τη Συνθήκη της Λισσαβόνας G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

(2009), η περιφερειακή πολιτική της Ε.Ε. είχε ως επίκεντρο την οικονομική και κοινωνική συνοχή μεταξύ των ευρωπαϊκών περιφερειών, με γνώμονα την προοδευτική σύγκλιση των οικονομικών επιδόσεων των ασθενέστερων χωρικών οικονομιών με το μέσο όρο των σταθερότερων. Στην Ε.Ε., ένα κράτος–μέλος αποτελεί και μια περιφέρεια ή τμήμα μιας ομάδας κρατών, που αποτελούν μια περιφέρεια. Κατά το προηγούμενο πρότυπο Πολιτικής Συνοχής

By Mr.ανάπτυξης George-Sp.της C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, ο στόχος ήταν η οικονομική και κοινωνική By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect σύγκλιση των οικονομιών των κρατών–μελών, με την προσδοκία της Student of the School of Architecture άμβλυνσης των ευρωπαϊκών περιφερειακών ανισοτήτων. Στα πλαίσια της Technical University of Crete ευρωπαϊκής ολοκλήρωσης, η έννοια της συνοχής ήταν αρχικά αντιληπτή ως1.σύγκλιση και approach: δύσκολο να προσδιοριστεί. Το Ευρωπαϊκό Κοινοβούλιο Introductory Defining the concept 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept ορίζει αυτή τη διαδικασία, ως το βαθμό στον οι BC, ανισότητες ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444οποίο BC - 370 Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), κοινωνικής ευημερίας σε διαφορετικές περιφέρειες ή among otherκαι wiseοικονομικής heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the among εντός other wise leftthe us,definition he established a greatof “principle”: the ομάδες της heritage Ένωσης είναι πολιτικά και κοινωνικά ανεκτές. acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts.Αυτό acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, not final, approach, the term σημαίνει, ότι τα επίπεδα υστέρησης μιας ifπεριφερειακής οικονομίας 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification μπορούν να 1είναι μόνο ως κατώτατα επιτρεπτά/αποδεκτά, πάντα σε gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various σύγκριση με τα επίπεδα του μέσου ρυθμού ανάπτυξης μιας ανεπτυγμένης Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually οικονομίας. of low-income Κάτω and the από placement of artists, και συνήθως κεντρικής το there ανεκτό όριο ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However “change”, regardless of καθυστέρησης, οι συρρικνωμένες οικονομίες υποχρεούνται να συγκλίνουν the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this “change”, regardless of whatever other has, results rising of land prices (and the με τις διευρυμένες και μάλιστα has, το ταχύτερο δυνατό. whatever other consequences results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). αντιθέτου, η isως άνω πολιτική συνοχής έχει and επιτύχει potential relative speculation).

TheΕξ term gentrification found at first in the UK in early 1960s it refersτα to The term gentrification found firstδημιουργία in the UK in early 1960s andχωρικών itareas refersofto αντίστροφα αποτελέσματα, με atτη οικονομιών the then observed trend ofiswealthy people to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy people to there buy –property in poor areas συγκεντρώσεων δύο ταχυτήτων: των κεντρικών μεγεθυμένων και των London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof London, upgrade stay themselves there and thus old residents are περιφερειακών – them, δορυφόρων, ειδικά sometimes μετά και τη διεθνή οικονομική κρίση. being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. description of this phenomenon is included the workδηλαδή, of Sociologist Ruth Γι’ Aαυτό το λόγο, ο διττός χαρακτήρας της in συνοχής, αφενός η A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at theκαι same while similar in other major οικονομική αφετέρου η κοινωνική παράμετρος, κρίθηκε αναγκαίο να GLASS at–the same period, situations in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. εξελιχθεί επεκταθεί (Επενδυτικό Σχέδιο γιαwere τηνrecorded Ευρώπη : Σχέδιο cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Juncker).

Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: 1. Η Πολιτική Συνοχής της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups 1.1.Γενικά to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time travelηfrom the purlieus to downtown, where work place lack of the Εν toαρχή, ευρωπαϊκή πολιτική της οικονομικής και is, κοινωνικής 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, σύγκλισης σχεδιάστηκε για τον προοδευτικό συντονισμό των επιδόσεων Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at τα the heart of τιμών, the city”, (possibly) των συνδεδεμένων ως Germany προς επίπεδα το δημόσιοfor Youth Unemployment. κρατών–μελών The same year she left and after continuous movements lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studiesτη andσυναλλαγματική research in Geneva, Prague, London and Newτα York she came back to London, χρέος, σταθερότητα και μακροπρόθεσμα επιτόκια in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and των ομολόγων. Η London, σύγκλιση χαρακτηρίζεται από κάθετη και προς τα University College of where she continued her social την research.

Her public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice.

See also:ευνοημένων COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. άνω δημοσιονομική κατεύθυνση των λιγότερο περιφερειών, and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: με όσο το δυνατό μικρότερη απόκλιση από το μέσο όρο των G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

136

σταθερότερων, ώστε να επιτευχθεί μακροπρόθεσμα ένα και μόνο σημείο ισορροπίας εντός της Ε.Ε. (ολοκλήρωση). Στην πορεία, κατέστη αντιληπτό, ότι αυτού του είδους η σύγκλιση ήταν αδύνατο να επιτευχθεί μεταξύ των οικονομιών των κ–μ, διότι οι όροι της προσφοράς ενδο-και-διαπεριφερειακά παρεκκλίνουν, λόγω των διαφορών που παρατηρούνται σε κοινωνικό επίπεδο (η διαπίστωση των έντονων αποκλίσεων, που εμποδίζουν την ευρωπαϊκή

By Mr. George-Sp. C.ολοκλήρωση).

ATHANASOPOULOS Έτσι, κρίθηκε αναγκαίος ο επαναπροσδιορισμός της έννοιας της Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS σύγκλισης, η οποία διευρύνθηκεBy με την εισαγωγή της έννοιας της Architect Student of the School of Architecture αλληλεγγύης, ώστε να μετατραπεί σε συνοχή. Η συνοχή περιλαμβάνει την Technical of Crete αλληλεγγύη: το ανεπτυγμένο κράτος παραχωρεί μέρος τουUniversity παραγόμενου πλούτου του στο κράτος σε υστέρηση, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept γεγονός που δημιουργεί προσπάθεια για οικονομική ανάπτυξη.

1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, Ωστόσο, η αρχική ευρωπαϊκή θέση για(444 και ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC(οικονομική -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established aτην great the κοινωνική) συνοχή, επειδή δέχθηκε κριτική ως αναποτελεσματική καθώς among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the προωθεί την αναδιανομή (αρχή επικουρικότητας) και όχι την acquisition of knowledge starts with theτης the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on επαναπροσδιορίστηκε this “principle” is inindicated a first,και if (in not final, approach, the term ικανότητα ανάπτυξης, παρουσιάζει σημαντικές gentrification) the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification διαφορές τη σύγχρονη αντίληψη (για τηνthe εδαφική Η βασική Sociology asμεwell), as the “refining” of a city area, removalσυνοχή). from this, (in various Sociology as well), asτης the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of στην social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement κριτική αρχή επικουρικότητας (Συνθήκη του Μάαστριχτ, 1993) ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of artγεγονός, galleries, restaurants, However this “change”, regardless of εστιάζει στο ότι δεν etc. συμβάλλει στην ενίσχυση της the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results alsoπεριφερειών rising of landούτε pricesκαι (and theof υπευθυνότητας των χρηματοδοτούμενων στην whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative ευαισθητοποίηση των πολιτών απέναντι στις τοπικές υποθέσεις. potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at firstτην in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Αντίθετα, ενισχύει την εξάρτηση από ευρωπαϊκή χρηματοδότηση.

The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Η εδαφική συνοχή, εκτείνεται της οικονομικής καιof the then observed trend wealthy peopleπέραν to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are κοινωνικής, διευθρύνοντας την έννοιαsometimes αυτή. Κατά τοand ευρωπαϊκό όραμα, are ο London, upgrade them, stay themselves there thus old residents being indirectly “squeezed”. στόχος είναι να συμβάλει στην επίτευξη της ισορροπημένης ανάπτυξης, being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth μειώνοντας υφιστάμενες ανισότητες, αποτρέποντας τις εδαφικές A description of this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the τις same period, while similar in other major ανισορροπίες. Αποβλέπει στην επιτάχυνση της εδαφικής ολοκλήρωσης με GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. τη συνεργασία των περιφερειών, μέσω της ομοιόμορφης, οριζόντιας και Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more then, διάρθρωσης the issue has several scholars andthe for its more κατάSince τόπους των ενδογενών μεγεθών τους, (εργατικό comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various δυναμικό, εδαφικές επενδύσεις),ofως αντίβαρο στις αρνητικές επιπτώσεις interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: Inοικονομικής a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups της ολοκλήρωσης. to “return” the city, leaving purlieusπαρά for several reasons: high costs in money Και ηtoσύγκλιση και ηthe συνοχή, τις εσωτερικές διαφορές τους, and to travel the purlieus to downtown, where των workπεριφερειών place is, lack ofαπό the στο time σύνολό τουςfrom ορίζουν το μέτρο της απόκλισης 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, τον κοινό ευρωπαϊκό στόχο: τη δημοσιονομική και χωρική ισορροπία.

Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) την education, αρχική θέση, ταleftεπιμέρους στοιχεία τηςfor YouthΚατά Unemployment.

The same year she Germany andσυστατικά after continuous movements lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York came back to London, συνοχής αποτελούσαν: ο κεντρικός σχεδιασμός – she ρύθμιση των δημόσιων in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and πολιτικών αναδιανεμητικού χαρακτήρα με στόχο τηHerσύγκλιση, οι University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are κλίμακας characterized by τα a passion for justice.

See also: COLLINSτων ENGLISH DICTIONARY. οικονομίες και συγκριτικά πλεονεκτήματα επιχειρήσεων, and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: η αναδιάρθρωση και η ισότητα έναντι της αποτελεσματικότητας G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

κατανομής των πόρων καθώς και η διευθυνόμενη οργάνωση του ευρωπαϊκού χώρου. Αναλύοντας τα ως άνω, σε μια οικονομική ένωση με γεωγραφικό προσδιορισμό, ο κεντρικός σχεδιασμός της ρύθμισης και αναδιανομής προσαρμόζεται με αντικατάσταση των παικτών σε υπερεθνικό επίπεδο (Ε.Ε., Κράτη–Μέλη, Περιφέρειες) και εναρμονίζεται με το «ευρωπαϊκό κεκτημένο» (δηλαδή, την αποστολήByτης Mr.Ε.Ε.).

George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect 1.2.Κεντρική Ρύθμιση Πόρων και Πολιτικών, StudentΑναδιανομή of the SchoolΕισοδήματος of Architecture Σύμφωνα με αυτό το μοντέλο, η ρύθμισηTechnical των πόρων καιofτων University Crete

δημόσιων πολιτικών καθώς και η αναδιανομή του εισοδήματος 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Επιτροπή) και ασκούνται σχεδιάζονται κεντρικά (από την Ευρωπαϊκή 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, theτις ancient GreekΚυβερνήσεις philosopher, αποκεντρωμένα (από Κεντρικές των κ–μ). Παρ’ όλα αυτά, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he he established a great the η διαδικασία της ρύθμισης καιleft τηςus, αναδιανομής λειτουργεί ως παρέμβαση among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. και όχι ωςof θεραπεία σε ένα υπάρχονof δημόσιο θέμα, όπως ο acquisition knowledge starts withήδη theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term προσδιορισμός της ποσότητας παροχής αγαθών και 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a των first, δημόσιων if (in notthe final, approach, the της term urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 φορολόγησης για τη χρηματοδότησή τους. Προσανατολίζεται στη διανομή gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various των παραγόμενων αποτελεσμάτων της αγοράς και όχι στην ίδια κρατική Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, προσφορά, αφήνοντας ακάλυπτα (κενά) στον κοινωνικό ιστό. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. σημεία However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences has, results also rising land prices (and Στη other συνέχεια, οι δημόσιες αποφάσεις που of λαμβάνονται για the τιςof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, για results also risingτων of land prices (and the potential relative δημόσιες πολιτικές που ασκούνται τη φροντίδα ως άνω δημόσιων potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in theκυβέρνησης UK in early 1960s and it refers to υποθέσεων βασίζονται σε εκτιμήσεις της αναφορικά με τις The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor συναρτήσεις χρησιμότητας όλων των ατόμων της οικονομίας· η the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade stayδημόσια themselves and thus old residents areof κυβέρνηση μέσαthem, από κατανάλωση επένδυση, αλλά και την London, upgrade them,τη stay themselves sometimesκαι there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. εκλογική διαδικασία, προσδοκά να προσδιορίσει τις άριστες κατανομές. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Έπειτα, οι δημόσιες αποφάσεις που is έχουν ληφθεί, μετατρέπονται σε μέσα A description ofperiod, this phenomenon included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations recorded in other major άσκησης δημοσιονομικής πολιτικής του κράτους για τη σταθεροποίηση GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. των οικονομικών διαταραχών (πληθωρισμού καιscholars ανεργίας), cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several andπου for οδηγούν its more στις εισοδηματικές ανισότητες (αμοιβών εργασίας και συγκέντρωσης Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various πλούτου) μεταξύ των ατόμων. of gentrification, the following: interpretations of the phenomenon interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In aΕντούτοις, sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups ένας τέτοιος προσδιορισμός δεν ανταποκρίνεται στην to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus forκαθότι several reasons: high costs in money αποτύπωση της πραγματικότητας, δεν υπάρχει κάποιος and time to travel from the αποκάλυψης purlieus to downtown, where work place lack of the αξιόπιστος μηχανισμός των προτιμήσεων των is, ατόμων σε 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, αγαθά και υπηρεσίες. Πρόκειται, δηλαδή, για μια προσδοκία των Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. same year she left Germany and makers, after continuous διαμορφωτών των The δημόσιων πολιτικών (policy ήτοι Κυβέρνηση lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, και Κεντρική Διοίκηση), ότι θα καταγράψουν τις πραγματικές ανάγκες in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and ή/και προτιμήσεις τωνbywhere ομάδων/ατόμων και προσαρμόσουν την University College of London, she continued her socialθα research.

Her public and long-term informal effort organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice.

COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. προγραμματική τους διάταξη έτσι, ώστεSee ναalso: επιτύχουν μακροπρόθεσμα and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: δημοσιονομική σταθερότητα και ευημερία.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Η προσδοκία των policy makers αντλεί τη δύναμή της από τις εκτιμήσεις τους, όπου με τη σειρά τους διαμορφώνονται από τη δημόσια επιλογή των ατόμων στην κατανάλωση (προτίμηση του αγαθού α έναντι του β), στην επένδυση (προτίμηση της δημόσιας επένδυσης α έναντι της ιδιωτικής β) και εκφράζονται, εκτός από τα παραπάνω, και με την ψήφο στα πολιτικά κόμματα. Και σε αυτό το σημείο, εφόσον κράτος θεσμοθετεί για θέματα

By Mr.το George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ανισοτήτων που δεν μπορεί προσδιορίσει, η Design, αποτυχία της Harvardνα University, Graduateαρχίζει School of Student, Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS κυβέρνησης (government failure)Byστη λήψη άριστων αποφάσεων, που Architect Student of the of Architecture ικανοποιούν τις προτιμήσεις όλων των ψηφοφόρων / School φορολογουμένων, Technical University of Crete κατ’ αντιστοιχία με την αποτυχία της αγοράς (market failure) να επιτύχει το 1.μέγιστο επίπεδο ευημερίας των the ατόμων μιας οικονομίας με βάση το Introductory approach: Defining concept μηχανισμό των τιμών. Δηλαδή, οι ατέλειες του κράτους τοποθετούνται 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), δίπλα στις της αγοράς το ίδιο ακριβώς την ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -πρόβλημα: 370 BC, Athens), among other ατέλειες wise heritage he left us,για he established a great “principle”: the αδυναμία και των δύο να μεγιστοποιήσουν το όφελος της κατανομής among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the πόρων για όλα τα on άτομα τηςwith κοινωνίας / οικονομίας, εξίσου καιtheχωρίς acquisition of knowledge starts theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, term 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term επιβαρύνσεις ή αποκλεισμούς. urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Απόasαυτό τοthe σημείο και ofέπειτα, αναλαμβάνει να ερμηνεύσει το Sociology well), as “refining” a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social usuallyηofΑνάλυση low-income and the placement thereκαι of artists, πρόβλημα τηςgroups, αδυναμίας Πολιτικής: Ποιος, πώς γιατί ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. δημόσιων However “change”,there regardless of αποφασίζει; Είναι οι διαμορφωτές των πολιτικών κατάλληλοι the operation ofconsequences artΜπορούν galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this regardless whatever other has,σχεδιαστές results rising of “change”, land prices (and και theof ως σχεδιαστές; οι να είναι ταυτόχρονα whatever otherspeculation). has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative ψηφοφόροι; Και consequences υπό ποια κριτήρια ψήφου; Και με βάση τη νομιμότητα, τη potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK Είναι in early γνωστές 1960s and itόλες refers οι to σκοπιμότητα ή την αποτελεσματικότητα; The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor πληροφορίες και trend όλοι οι wealthy πιθανοίpeople συνδυασμοί επιλογών, πουareas είναιof the then observed to there buy property in poor London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are απαραίτητα στοιχεία λήψη μιας απόφασης; ρύθμιση και London, upgrade them,για stayτη themselves sometimes there Οπότε, and thusηold residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. αναδιανομή πόρων και δημόσιων πολιτικών είναι όλα αυτά που το κράτος being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth (μέσω των εκφραστών του) επιλέγει κάνει ήinwere ναthe μην κάνει.

A description ofperiod, this phenomenon isνα included work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations recorded in other major Άρα, το ερώτημα που κυριαρχεί για τη φύση της κεντρικής ρύθμισης GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. και αναδιανομής είναι εξής: πρέπει ναseveral παρεμβαίνει η and κυβέρνηση (ή η Since then, the issueτο has preoccupied scholars for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Ευρωπαϊκή Επιτροπή); comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations theΚλίμακας, phenomenon thecategory following: In a1.3.Οικονομίες sense, theof phenomenon is Συγκριτικά dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Πλεονεκτήματα Επιχειρήσεων to “return” to theοcity, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costsκ–μ, in money Έπειτα, μηχανισμός των εσωτερικών αγορών των που and time toτο travel fromτου the purlieus to downtown, whereυποστηρίζεται work place is, lack σηκώνει βάρος κεντρικού σχεδιασμού, απόof the τις 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, οικονομίες κλίμακας, που προωθούν τον ανταγωνισμό των μεγάλων Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart the city”, (possibly) επιχειρήσεων (στο επίπεδο τωνshe τιμών), ο οποίος με of τη σειρά του για ναfor Youth Unemployment.

The same year left Germany and after continuous movements lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva,από Prague, and New York she came back to London, κινηθεί τροφοδοτείται ταLondon συγκριτικά τους πλεονεκτήματα. Η in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and συμμετοχή τουςof στο ρυθμό μεγέθυνσης μιας οικονομίας εξαρτάται είτε University informal College London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion justice.

See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. από το μέγεθος των ίδιων είτε for από το μέγεθος του κλάδου στον οποίο and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ανήκουν, όπου είναι αποτέλεσμα της ορθολογικής άσκησης της G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually τιμολογιακής πολιτικής τους σε σχέση με τα κόστη που αντιμετωπίζουν.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Δηλαδή, το συγκριτικό πλεονέκτημα είναι το πλεονέκτημα, που προκύπτει σε σχέση με κάτι (εδώ: με μια άλλη επιχείρηση) και όχι αυτοδύναμα. Αν αυτό εκλείψει, αυξάνει και το συγκριτικό πλεονέκτημα της επιχείρησης (ευαισθησία στις εξωτερικές μεταβολές). Επομένως, καθορίζει και τη (μικρή ή μεγάλη) συμμετοχή της στη διαμόρφωση του ΑΕΠ και, συνεπώς, στη διάχυση του οφέλους στο εξωτερικό περιφερειακό ή ευρωπαϊκό περιβάλλον· αν και το

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS επιχειρηματικό κέρδος αποτελεί μια μικρο-επιχειρησιακή υπόθεση και δεν Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS αντιμετωπίζεται μέσο-περιφερειακά (κλαδικά/βιομηχανικά), αφετέρου, η Architect Student ofεξαρτάται the School ofαπό Architecture ανταγωνιστική επίδοση μιας περιφέρειας την Technical University Crete ανταγωνιστικότητα των επιχειρήσεων, που είναι εγκατεστημένες σε of αυτή. Όμως, η κάθε approach: επιχείρηση, πουthe εμπλέκεται στην περιφερειακή 1. Introductory Defining concept ελκυστικότητα, δεν είναι απλώς μια επιχείρηση, αλλά μια επιχείρηση στο 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, - 370 BC, Athens), χώρο. Που σημαίνει, ότι πρέπει να αναπτύξει τα ανακλαστικά μιας ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC,έξυπνης Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the χωρικής οικονομικής μονάδας: καινοτομικότητα, έξυπνη εξειδίκευση among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. και υψηλή επιχειρηματική –starts επενδυτική αντίληψη για ναcontent είναι και ελκυστική acquisition of knowledge with thein definition the of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first,διαταραχές. if (in notthe final, approach, the term και να μπορεί και να αντέχει στις οικονομικές urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Παρ’asόλα αυτά, πόσο αντέχουν οι επιχειρήσεις σε ένα που Sociology well), as theτο “refining” of a city area, the removal from this,χώρο, (in various Sociology asαπό well), as the “refining” of a city area, removal fromthere this,επαρκώς (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe the placement of υποφέρει τις οικονομικές κρίσεις, είναι ένα μη ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, etc. However this “change”, regardless of προσδιορισμένο μέγεθος,restaurants, με ασαφή εργαλεία μέτρησης ενώ η the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever otherπολιτική consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the αναπτυξιακή οικονομικής και κοινωνικής σύγκλισης πρέπει ναof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative είναι ορισμένη. Απαιτεί μια σαφή και απλή μεθοδολογία θεραπείας του potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to ευρωπαϊκού περιφερειακού προβλήματος.

The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Ειδικά, όταν ηtrend δημοσιονομική αστάθεια είναι μια κατάσταση, πουof the then observed wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents are αφενός οupgrade κεντρικός σχεδιαστής μπορεί ναand ελέγξει, διότι την London, them, stay themselvesδεν sometimes there thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. παθογένεια της οποίας δεν μπορεί να προσδιορίσει (ποιες κοινωνικές being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ομάδες ήatεπιχειρήσεις αποκαλύπτουν τις προτιμήσεις τους δημόσια A description ofperiod, thisδεν phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS the same while similar inσε other major αγαθά/υπηρεσίες ή επενδύσεις;) και αφετέρου μια διαταραχή, που ο GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. μηχανισμός των τιμών δεν μπορεί να εξομαλύνει.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Since the issue has several scholars andοικονομιών for various its more Άρα,then, το ερώτημα που κυριαρχεί για τη below, φύση from των comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various κλίμακας είναι εξής: αμβλύνουν ή οξύνουν τις ευρωπαϊκές interpretations of theτοphenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is togentrification, aεμπλοκή trend of a new social groups περιφερειακές ανισότητες μεdue την τους στην of περιφερειακή to “return”οικονομικής to the city, leaving the purlieusσύγκλισης; for several reasons: high costs in money πολιτική και κοινωνικής and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin,1.4.Αναδιάρθρωση where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Έτσι, ο κεντρικός σχεδιασμός αποκλίνει απόetc.where τα lower living costόταν of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, προγραμματισθέντα, προχωρά σεthe αναδιάρθρωση πόρων και ανακατανομή in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, is due a systematic and University Collegeπολιτικών, of London, where sheνα continued her social research. brokers Herτους public action and των δημόσιων ώστε επιτύχει τη διαρθρωτική ισότητα long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban in ή10thselling αποτελεσματικότητα στις περιφέρειες. Με web, την edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd.ευρωπαϊκές London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aαναδιάρθρωση, variety of ways, order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually οιin ευρωπαϊκές περιφέρειες σε ανάπτυξη παραχωρούν

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μέρος του παραγόμενου πλούτου τους στις περιφέρειες σε υστέρηση. Και οι περιφέρειες σε υστέρηση συμμετέχουν εξίσου στην ανακατανομή του πλούτου στο σύνολο των κ–μ. Οι δε διαθέσιμοι σκληροί και μαλακοί πόροι παραμένουν οι ίδιοι. Είναι, δηλαδή, μια εκ νέου πολιτική παρέμβαση (τι θα γίνει) σε ένα υπάρχον ζήτημα (τι μπορεί να γίνει). Συνεπώς, απαιτείται από τους policy makers ο εντοπισμός του συνδυασμού εκείνων των περιφερειακών πολιτικών, πουBy ανακατανέμουν τον πλούτο στις Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ευρωπαϊκές περιφέρειεςHarvard με ισότητα καιGraduate αποτελεσματικότητα. η University, School of Design,Όμως, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS ισότητα προϋποθέτει, ότι ο πλούτος εντός της Ένωσης θα διανεμηθεί με Architect Student of the School Architecture κοινωνικά κριτήρια ενώ η αποτελεσματικότητα προτάσσει τα ofοικονομικά Technical University of Crete κριτήρια. Το αποτέλεσμα αυτής της αντιπαράθεσης είναι η σύγκρουση μεταξύ των στοχεύσεων για τηνtheπεριφερειακή πολιτική και των 1. Introductory approach: Defining concept επιδιώξεων για την οικονομική ανάπτυξη αντίστοιχα, policy 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC των ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, - 370 ίδιων BC, Athens), makers.

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition heγια established aτης great Άρα, τοknowledge ερώτημα πουhe κυριαρχεί τηofφύση αναδιάρθρωσης acquisition of starts with the content of“principle”: concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term είναι το εξής: είναιon τοthis δίκαιο αποτελεσματικό; Και αν ναι, ποιος είναι ο 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification ευρωπαϊκός μέσος όρος ανάπτυξης με τον οποίο είναι και δίκαιο και 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as “refining” ofοι a city area, the removal this, (in various αποτελεσματικό ναtheσυγκλίνουν προβληματικές με from τις ανεπτυγμένες Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, of (inartists, various ways), of socialΚαι groups, of low-income and the placement περιφέρειες; ποιοςusually το ορίζει (η Ευρωπαϊκή Επιτροπή ή ταthere κ–μ); ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has,Χώρου results also rising of land prices (and the 1.5.Διευθυνόμενη Οργάνωση potential relative potential relative speculation).

TheΑυτό term gentrification found at firstέως in the UK in and it refers to το πρότυπο isανάπτυξης, τώρα η early Ε.Ε. 1960s το διοικεί υπό τη The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor λεγόμενη διευθυνόμενη (managerial) οργάνωση του ευρωπαϊκού χώρου. the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus residents areof Δηλαδή, η έμφαση δίδεται περισσότερο στη διανομή τωνold οικονομικών London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. αποτελεσμάτων από ό,τι στην παραγωγή τους. Ωστόσο, η managerial being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth διάσταση αποκαλύπτει την ανεπάρκεια της ωςin άνω πολιτικής A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included theευρωπαϊκής work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar were recorded in other major σύγκλισης να αντιμετωπίσει τις χωρικές επιπτώσεις της οικονομικής GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. κρίσης όπου has παρατηρήθηκαν και ταscholars πιο έντονα φαινόμενα cities inστα Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then,κ–μ, the issue several and for its more κυκλικότητας και ευπάθειας των διασυνδεδεμένων οικονομικών Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various περιφερειών. of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money 2. Η Ευρωπαϊκή Πολιτική Εδαφικής Συνοχής and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 2.1.Από τη Δημοσιονομική Λειτουργία στην Οικονομική Χωροταξία The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, entertainment “at the ηheart of the city”,Επιτροπή (possibly) Για όλους education, τους παραπάνω λόγους, Ευρωπαϊκή Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where προχώρησε σε μεταβολή από τη ρυθμιστική πολιτική studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she cameαναδιανεμητικού back to London, in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 she became teacher in the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and χαρακτήρα, συμβατής και με τον κρατικό παρεμβατισμό και την ελεύθερη University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying αγορά, μέσο αυτών δύο. τηSee διόρθωση τωνENGLISH ανισοτήτων (ex her workστο are characterized by aτων passion forΑπό justice. also: COLLINS DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: post προσέγγιση του προβλήματος) στον ειδικό για κάθε χώρο σχεδιασμό G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually (ex ante προσέγγιση). Δηλαδή, στο στρατηγικό ρόλο του περιφερειακού

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

προγραμματισμού με ενεργοποίηση της εδαφικής διάστασης της ανάπτυξης: την Ευρωπαϊκή Πολιτική Εδαφικής Συνοχής. Κατά τη σύγχρονη ευρωπαϊκή θέση, τα επιμέρους συστατικά στοιχεία της συνοχής είναι : ο κατά τόπους στρατηγικός σχεδιασμός, οι οικονομίες εντοπιότητας, η έξυπνη εξειδίκευση, τα απόλυτα εδαφικά πλεονεκτήματα, η συνάρθρωση και η ενδογενής ενεργοποίηση του εδαφικού κεφαλαίου καθώς και η George-Sp. επιχειρηματική οργάνωση του

By Mr. C. ATHANASOPOULOS University, Graduate School of Design, Student, ευρωπαϊκού χώρου, πουHarvard οδηγούν στην έξυπνη ανάπτυξη.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

2.2.Εδαφικό Κεφάλαιο Στο νέο αυτό ευρωπαϊκό πρότυπο περιφερειακής πολιτικής, βασική 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept συνιστώσα της ανάπτυξης των κ–μ αποτελεί το εδαφικό κεφάλαιο 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), (territorial capital), δηλαδή η ιδιαίτερη εδαφική φυσιογνωμία των ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the περιφερειών: φυσικοί πόροι –the γεωγραφική θέση, δομές (υποδομή, among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the acquisition of knowledge starts with definition of the content of“principle”: concepts. ανωδομή), εργατικό τομείς παραγωγής, επιχειρηματικότητα – acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, onδυναμικό, this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 ανταγωνιστικότητα, δίκτυα (ηλεκτρονικά, συστάδες). Η Based, therefore, on γνώση, this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 του gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or ενεργοποίηση κεφαλαίου δίδει τηremoval δυνατότητα στις Sociology as well), asεδαφικού the “refining” of a cityisarea, the (inχωρικές various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various οικονομίες να διαχειρίζονται μόνες τους την ανάπτυξή τους, με σκοπό την ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, of low-income and thethis placement of artists, πραγματική (αυτή τη usually φορά) άμβλυνση των περιφερειακών ανισοτήτων the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever otherΟιconsequences results also rising of land δυναμικότητας prices (and theof εντός Ε.Ε. οικονομικέςhas,περιφέρειες εδαφικής whatever other consequences has, results alsoτους risingεδαφικό of land κεφάλαιο prices (andκαι the potential relative εξαρτώνται και speculation). τροφοδοτούνται από το δικό potential relative speculation). term φυσιογνωμικά gentrification is found at first in theεπιστρατεύονται UK in early 1960s and it refers to τα The ως άνω χαρακτηριστικά προκειμένου The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor να αντιμετωπίσουν εξωτερικούς κραδασμούς και να επανέλθουν στα the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof επίπεδα, που προσέγγιζαν πριν από μια οικονομική London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes thereδιαταραχή and thus old(self-reliant residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. and resilient). το εδαφικό κεφάλαιο δίνει το έναυσμα για τη being indirectlyΔηλαδή, “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth μετάβαση από τη βιωσιμότητα στην ανθεκτικότητα οικονομικών A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded workτων of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major περιφερειών, ως ένα πολλαπλώς καινοτόμο εργαλείο περιφερειακής GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. πολιτικής για την ανάπτυξη. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: 2.3.Κατά Τόπους Στρατηγικός Σχεδιασμός Πόρων και Πολιτικών interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Σύμφωνα με αυτό το μοντέλο, η κεντρική ρύθμιση και αναδιανομή to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money πόρων δημόσιων πολιτικών συνταγή απόwork τα άνω όλες τις and timeκαι to travel from the purlieus to(μία downtown, where placeγια is, lack of the οικονομίες) αντικαθίσταται από το στρατηγικό σχεδιασμό (regional 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS was born sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for betterin Berlin, where she made her first studies.

1932 she published an important entitled: planning, τόπους και entertainment από ταIn κάτω προγραμματισμός, μεstudy βάση τις services of κατά health, education, “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for ιδιαίτερες ανάγκες των περιφερειακών Οιto περιφερειακές lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private car access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and οικονομιών).

Neweasier York she came back to London, in According 1943 she γνωρίζουν published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 she teacher in the οικονομίες καλύτερα τις ανάγκες τους από ταtobecame απομακρυσμένα to another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying κέντρα λήψης αποφάσεων για τη διαμόρφωση της προγραμματικής her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate,agenda). etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in διάταξης (regional Πρόσθετα, ο στρατηγικός σχεδιασμός μειώνει 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. μεταξύ ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aτην variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, απόσταση : ατόμων και αγοράς, ατόμων“voluntary”, και κράτους,(actually ατόμων 141 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

και χώρου (οριζόντια και κάθετη τήρηση ίσων αποστάσεων όλων των εμπλεκομένων). Επεκτείνοντας, εξατομικεύει την ευθύνη των εμπλεκομένων, σε αντίθεση με την κεντρική ρύθμιση της αναδιανεμητικής πολιτικής (κράτους και αγοράς), που την καθιστά απρόσωπη.

142

2.4.Έξυπνη Εξειδίκευση Ενδογενούς Δυναμικού

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Εδώ, ο μηχανισμός υποστήριξης των περιφερειακών οικονομιών Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, απέναντι στις οικονομίες κλίμακαςBy(μηχανισμός τιμών ελεύθερης Architect αγοράς, Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS ευέλικτη συσσώρευση και έντονη χωρική Student συγκέντρωση δραστηριοτήτων of the School of Architecture = μεγάλες χωρικές ανισότητες) είναι η έξυπνη εξειδίκευση Technical University(smart of Crete specialization) του ενδογενούς δυναμικού (δηλαδή, συμπεριλαμβανομένου Introductory approach: Defining the concept του1.1. λανθάνοντος εργατικού δυναμικού, δεν αρκεί να απασχολείται, Introductory approach: Defining the όπου concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -και 370τις BC,κλαδικές Athens), αλλά να απασχολείται σωστά με βάση τις δεξιότητες ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great ανάγκες του χώρου). Έτσι, μέσω αυτού του μηχανισμού προάγεταιthe η among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with ofδιαταραχής, the content concepts. κοινωνική προστασία έναντι μιας οικονομικής αφού ο ίδιος ο acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term μηχανισμός χωροθετεί inδίκαια κοινωνικές αξίες. Το 1 υποστήριξης Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, ifτις notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 βιοτικό επίπεδο των ατόμων (ανάπτυξη) διαμορφώνεται όχι μόνο από την gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various οικονομική, αλλά και τη χωρική πολιτική, που επηρεάζει την ποιότητα των Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, τόπων, όπου και εργάζονται. Άρα, μεHowever την συνοχή η αρχή της ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andεδαφική thethis placement there of artists, the operation ofζουν art galleries, restaurants, etc. “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless αλληλεγγύης μεταξύ των ανθρώπων προεκτείνεται στην αλληλεγγύη whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the μεταξύ των εδαφών (εδώ : οι περιφέρειες). potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor 2.5.Οικονομίες Εντοπιότητας, Απόλυτα ή Ανταγωνιστικά the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof Πλεονεκτήματα Χώρου London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly Κατ’ αυτό“squeezed”. τον τρόπο, έναντι των συγκριτικών πλεονεκτημάτων των A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth επιχειρήσεων τα situations απόλυτα ή ανταγωνιστικά GLASS at the sameπροτάσσονται period, while similar were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. πλεονεκτήματα του χώρου (absolute or competitive advantages), που είναι cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, issue has scholarsπραγματικά and for its more μοναδικά γιαthe κάθε περιφέρεια καιseveral αμβλύνουν τις Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from περιφερειακές ανισότητες μεταξύ των οικονομιών. Τα απόλυτα comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the(σε following: πλεονεκτήματα δεν προκύπτουν συγκριτικά σχέση με κάτι), interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups βασίζονται σε εγγενή χαρακτηριστικά και είναι αυτοδύναμα, to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money αυτοτροφοδοτούμενα. Ο ανταγωνισμός στην ενιαία ευρωπαϊκή αγορά and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the αποτελεί μία από τιςfrom κινητήριες δυνάμεις της 1912-1940. χωρικής ανάπτυξης στην Ε.Ε. termat comes Sociologist Ruth GLASS, Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, ΟιBerlin, περιφέρειες συνοχής (όπωςInοι1932 επιχειρήσεις της σύγκλισης) δεν θα where she της her first studies. she published an important study entitled: services of health,made education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and after για continuous for μπορούσαν να μην ανταγωνίζονται μεταξύ τους επιχειρηματικές lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, δραστηριότητες, θέσεις εργασίας και δομές (οικονομίες εντοπιότητας με in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research.

Her public action and επιχειρήσεις συγκεντρωμένες στον ίδιοmanufacturers, χώρο). Παρά ταύτα, δεν long-term informal effort by organized groups, brokers of buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. εισέρχονται όλες οι ευρωπαϊκές περιφέρειες από το και τα ίδια and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially ofίδιο part σημείο of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: χωρικό ανταγωνισμό. Ωςthe εκ“assisted”, τούτου, καθίσταται αναγκαία η Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aμερίδια varietyστο of ways, in order to achieve “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification 2.6.Συνάρθρωση Concerns

σταδιακή χωροταξική ισορροπία, ώστε να παραχθεί η ομοιόμορφη γεωγραφική κατανομή της ανάπτυξης στην ευρωπαϊκή επικράτεια. Δηλαδή, οι περιφέρειες οδηγούνται από την παρέμβαση (που καλύπτει τα συμπτώματα) της σύγκλισης με το μέσο όρο και προς τα άνω,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS στην ενδογενή παραγωγή της συνοχής (territorial cohesion, που θεραπεύει Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, το πρόβλημα)· που σημαίνει, ότι By εν Mr. συνεχεία εγκαταλείπουν το δίλημμα George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect της αναδιάρθρωσης (ισότητα ή αποτελεσματικότητα κατανομής πόρων: Student of the School of Architecture μεταφέροντας τον πλούτο από τις περιοχές όπου πλεονάζει προς τις Technical University of Crete περιοχές σε υστέρηση, διότι το σωστό δεν είναι πάντα δίκαιο), 1. Introductoryπρος approach: Defining the (territorial concept κατευθυνόμενες τη συνάρθρωση articulation, ο πλούτος 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC,οφέλους, Athens), παράγεται κατά τόπους, ενδογενώς και με διάχυση του ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the διακρίνεται ανάπτυξη σε όλες τις περιοχές και όχι μόνο στις among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. υπανάπτυκτες). Η έμφαση της ευρωπαϊκής πολιτικής εδαφικής συνοχής acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term μετατοπίζεται από onτην επένδυση σεa first, περιφέρειες που χρειάζονται 1 (and Based, therefore, “principle” is in if (in notthe final, approach, the term urbanthis gentrification) indicated area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 περισσότερη ανάπτυξη, σε εκείνες που διαθέτουν το μεγαλύτερο δυναμικό gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various ανάπτυξης, με σκοπό να μην αφήνει ακάλυπτα (κενά) σημεία στο χώρο.

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the 2.7.Έξυπνη Ανάπτυξη whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). προεκτεθέντα να inσυσφίξουν τους1960s δεσμούς μεταξύ potential relative speculation).

TheΤα term gentrification isμπορούν found at first the UK in early and it refers to αστικών, αγροτικών και αλιευτικών περιοχών, όπως και τις σχέσεις The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor πόλεων και υπαίθρου, τη μορφή εταιρικών συμβάσεων έξυπνης the then observed trend of wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stayυπό themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus oldτα residents are ανάπτυξης (smart territorial development) με εργαλεία Τοπικά being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. Προγράμματα και τις Ολοκληρωμένες Εδαφικές Επενδύσεις (στοχοθεσία A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth description ofperiod, thisΤα phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth και Aαιρεσιμότητες). χρηματοδοτικά εργαλεία (διαρθρωτικά και GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. επενδυτικά ταμεία) αναδιαμορφώνουν το ρόλο τους, ώστε να ενισχύουν cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several for its more οικονομικά τους αναπτυξιακούς στόχους με scholars επάρκειαand σκληρών και Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from μαλακών περιφερειακών δομών, όπου αποτελούν τις ελάχιστες comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon ofτων gentrification, thebelow, following: απαιτήσεις για την υλοποίηση προγραμμάτων, ως βελτίωση της interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups επικουρικότητας. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, 3. Συμπεράσματα Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health,Λειτουργία education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth3.1.Τριπλή Unemployment.

The same Εδαφικής year she leftΣυνοχής Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Συνοπτικά, η studies έξυπνη ανάπτυξη της πολιτικής εδαφικής συνοχής in According 1943 she published regarding cityphenomenon planning.

In 1950 she teacher in the to another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and University informal College ofστον London, where she continued social Her public action and ανταποκρίνεται ρόλο her της: 1) research. καταμερίζει τοofόφελος long-term effortτρισδιάστατο by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. μεταξύ πυκνότητας πληθυσμού, αριθμού μικρομεσαίων επιχειρήσεων και and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: δομών, χρησιμοποιώντας τα δίκτυα ως διαύλους επικοινωνίας G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

(μεταφοράς του οφέλους)· 2) επιταχύνει την απόδοση των συντελεστών συμμετοχής, εγκατάστασης και ειδίκευσης στην οικονομική και περιφερειακή ανάπτυξη· 3) συγκεντρώνει και συμπυκνώνει την τριπλή ικανότητα μιας οικονομικής περιφέρειας: i) την καινοτομικότητα (στην τεχνολογία, την κλαδική παραγωγή και υπηρεσίες), ii) τη χωρική αλληλεγγύη και iii) τη δικτύωση (ψηφιακή και clusters).

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, 3.2.Εδαφική Ατζέντα 2020

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Κατ’ αυτό τον τρόπο, από τη διευθυνόμενη ευρωπαϊκή Student of the School of Architecture διακυβέρνηση μεταφερόμαστε ομαλά στην επιχειρηματική οργάνωση Technical University of Crete

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(entrepreneurial), της αύξουσας αποδοτικότητας των συντελεστών (α) Introductory approach: Defining the concept του1.1.χώρου, (β) της εργασίας, (γ) του (δ) του χωρικού Introductory approach: Defining the κεφαλαίου concept (444και ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC - 370σταδιακά BC, Athens), ανταγωνισμού· η Εδαφική Ατζέντα 2020, μεταξύ άλλων, θα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the εκσυγχρονίσει και τέλος θα αντικαταστήσει τη λογική του (μη among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content επικαιροποιημένου) ΕΣΠΑ, με theπροσανατολισμό στηνofconcepts. ευρωπαϊκή acquisition of knowledge starts with the content concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term χωροταξία της ισοβαρούς οικονομικής όλαapproach, τα κράτη–μέλη 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inανάπτυξης a first, if (in notγια final, the term urban gentrification) indicated the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 και ως τέτοια πρέπει να θεωρείται. Προτεραιότητα της Territorial gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (inAgenda various 2020 είναι η διαχείριση των συγκεντρώσεων με τέτοιο τρόπο, ώστε οι Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, περιφέρειες ναart συνδεθούν μεταξύ τους η κυκλοφορία των πόρων σε ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of galleries, restaurants, etc.και However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless αυτές να συμβαίνει αρμονικά. whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also of land ως prices (and the potential Εν relative κατακλείδι, οι περιφέρειες παύουν ναrising υφίστανται παθητικοί potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found first in the UK in early 1960s/ and it refers to παίκτες, που υποβάλλονται στιςatαποφάσεις ενός εθνικού υπερεθνικού The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor ρυθμιστικού κέντρου ή στις διακυμάνσεις της παγκόσμιας αγοράς, αλλά the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof μεταβάλλονται σε ενεργούς παράγοντες, πουthere διεκδικούν το residents δικό τους London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old are being indirectly “squeezed”. εδαφικό μερίδιο“squeezed”. στα κέρδη. Το νέο διεθνές παίγνιο ανταγωνιστικότητας being indirectly A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth παίζεται και κερδίζεται σε περιφερειακό επίπεδο.

A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Ενδεικτική Βιβλιογραφία Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from Α. Ελληνόγλωσση comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Αθανασόπουλος Κωνστ., ΓΕ., (2007), Θεσμικό Πλαίσιο Περιφερειακής interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense,Τομ. theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Ανάπτυξης. Α., Αθήναι, εκδ. Κ.Ε.Μ.Ε.Α. to “return” to the city, leaving the ΓΕ., purlieus for several high costs in money Αθανασόπουλος Κωνστ., (2008), Δίκαιο reasons: Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης. Νέα and timeΤόμ. to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the έκδοση. Α και Β, Αθήναι, εκδ. Κ.Ε.Μ.Ε.Α.

The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Δεληθέου Βασ., Δ., (2018), Θεσμικό Πλαίσιο Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης.

Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Αθήναι, Παπαζήσης.

Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car access markets, etc.where studies and R., research in Geneva,J.,Prague, London Neweasier York she came to back to London, Noe Hollenbeck Gerhart B., and Wright P., Επιστημονική Επιμέλεια: in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Καθηγητής Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, (2007), Διαχείριση Ανθρωπίνων University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Πόρων, Α΄ και Β΄ Αθήναι, Παπαζήσης. her workΤόμοι are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Παπαδασκαλόπουλος Αθ., Χριστοφάκης Μ.,of Περιφερειακός G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Προγραμματισμός και Αναπτυξιακός Σχεδιασμός. Αθήναι, Παπαζήσης.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns Β. Ξενόγλωσση

Camagni, Ρ., Capello, P., (2013), “Regional Competitiveness and

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Territorial Capital: A Conceptual Approach and Empirical Evidence from the Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, European Union”, Regional Studies, 47(9): 1383–1402 Mr.governmentality George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Davoudi, S., (2016), “ResilienceByand of unknowns”, in M. Student of the School of Architecture Bevir (ed.) Governmentality after neoliberalism, Routledge Technical University of Crete Davoudi, S., (2005), “Understanding Territorial Cohesion”, Planning Practice and Research, 20(4): 433–441 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Commission, (2011), “Territorial Agenda 1. European Introductory approach: the concept (444 ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BC - of 370the BC,European Athens), Union 2020: anancient Inclusive, Smart and Sustainable of Athens), Diverse ANTISTHENIS, the Greek philosopher, (444 BCEurope -“principle”: 370 BC, among other Towards wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Regions”, Informal Ministerial Meeting of Ministers responsible for Spatial among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts.

Planning Development, Hungary acquisition ofTerritorial knowledge starts with thein definition the content of concepts.

Based,and therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term European Commission, (2008), “Green Paper Territorial Cohesion 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in noton final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Turning territorial diversity into strength”, from the gentrification (and urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the Communication removal (in various Commission to the Council, the European Parliament, the Committee of the Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Regions European Economic and Social Committee, {SEC(2008) ways), ofand social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation ofthe art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless 2550}, Brussels whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherCommission, consequences has, results rising ofSpatial land prices (and the European (1999), “ESDP:also European Development potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation).

Perspective.

Balanced andatSustainable Development of the Territory The term Towards gentrification is found first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers of to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers the then European Union”, Office forbuy Official Publications of the the observed trendLuxembourg: ofiswealthy to property in poor ofto the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas European Communities London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay there and thus residents are Fisher, F.,“squeezed”.

Miller, G., themselves Sidney, M.,sometimes (2007), “Handbook ofold Public Policy being indirectly being indirectly “squeezed”.

Analysis : Theory,of Politics and Methods”, CRC Press A description this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth APapakonstantinidis, description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included the recorded work Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar were in other major L., Barbarousi, C., in (2018), “Aof Social Welfare GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries,Through by other Researchers.

Economics Proposal Bargaining Theory: a Win-Win-Win cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue several scholars andPlayer for its to more Papakonstantinidis Modelhas Approach Inserting Overall Arbitrator the then, the issue has several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the various LocalSince Development Game”, International Journal of Innovation and Economic comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: Development, 3(6): 55–60 interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In aPetrakos, sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of adynamics new social groups G., (2012), “Integration, spatial and of regional policy to “return”intothe theEuropean city, leaving the purlieus several reasons: high costs in money dilemmas Union”, Regionfor & Periphery, (2): 7–20 and time to travel Y., from the purlieus downtown, where work place is, Crisis lack ofand the Psycharis, Kallioras, D., to Pantazis, P., (2014), “Economic 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Regional Resilience: Detecting the Geographical Footprint of Economic Crisis in Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health,Science education, entertainment “at6(2): the heart of the city”, (possibly) Greece”, Regional Policy and 121–141 Youth Unemployment.

The same year shePractice, left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London New York“Territorial she came to back to London, Servillo, L., Atkinson, R., Russo, A., and P., (2011), attractiveness in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and inUniversity EU urban and spatial policy: A critical review and future research agenda”, College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying European Urban and Regional Studies, 0(0):1–17 her work are characterized by a passion for justice.

See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd.Endogenous London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Toth, B.,COLLINS I., (2011), “Changing Development: the Territorial Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aCapital”, varietyJournal of ways, order Abstract. to and achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, of in Economics Business Research, 17(2): 137–151(actually

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Η σημασία της διδασκαλίας GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, του μαθήματος των Αρχαίων Ελληνικών Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Της κυρίας Δέσπ. ΚΩΝΣΤΑΝΤΙΝΙΔΗ Concerns Φιλολόγου, Μ. Sc. στην Κλασική Φιλολογία Υποψηφ. Διδάκτορος, Πανεπ. ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Αρχαία ελληνικά: το μάθημα που καταργεί σύνορα Student of the School of Architecture Το θέμα δεν είναι ιδεολογικό, ούτε πολιτικό, αλλά πολιτισμικό. Σε Technical University of Crete

146

αρκετές χώρες, όπως στη Γαλλία, στο πλαίσιο της μεταρρύθμισης στην 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Παιδεία και εν όψει της εφαρμογής νέου Προγράμματος Σπουδών στη 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 Athens), Σχολική Εκπαίδευση, οι μαθητές δύνανται να επιλέγουν τηνBC, εκμάθηση ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the της αρχαίας ελληνικής γλώσσας. τάση τηςa great αξιοποίησης των among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition heΗestablished acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content of“principle”: concepts. the λατινικών και αρχαίων ελληνικών σχολεία, λόγω της of πολιτισμικής acquisition of knowledge starts with theστα the content concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 βαρύτητάς τους διαφαίνεται και στην πολιτική ενίσχυσης Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the της term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, ofΥπουργείου Planning) (or διδασκαλίας των μαθημάτων εκtheμέρους του Sociology as well), as the “refining” of aαυτών cityisarea, removal (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Παιδείας της Γαλλίας. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of Επιπλέον, η usually διδασκαλία των αρχαίων ελληνικών the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising του of land prices (and και theof πραγματοποιείται σε εκπαιδευτικές μονάδες εξωτερικού whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative μάλιστα σε πλείστες βαθμίδες, μεταξύ άλλων, στα Λύκεια Κλασικής potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Παιδείας στην Ιταλία, isσε Λύκεια καιin the Πανεπιστήμια στη and Ρωσία, σεto The term gentrification found atpeople first UK in early 1960s refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor itareas of εκπαιδευτικά ιδρύματα στο Βέλγιο, στην Ισπανία, στη Νορβηγία, στην the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof Κίνα (ωςupgrade μάθημα επιλογής), στη Γερμανία (ως υποχρεωτικό μάθημα).

London, them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. Σε Πανεπιστήμια στην Αμερική κείμενα της αρχαίας ελληνικής A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included in the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth γραμματείας, όπως του ΠΛΑΤΩΝΑ, του ΘΟΥΚΥΔΙΔΗ, των GLASS at the same while similar were in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by otherαποτελούν Researchers.σημείο αναφοράς για Τέχνες Προσωκρατικών Φιλοσόφων cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more και Επιστήμες.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from Ενώ, λοιπόν, τα αρχαία ελληνικά διδάσκονται σε χώρες του comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: εξωτερικού, σταthe καθ΄ημάς υπάρχει μία τάση the αποστροφής προς την interpretations phenomenon following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new category of social groups κλασική παιδεία και ελλοχεύει ο κίνδυνος «συρρίκνωσης» του to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money συγκεκριμένου and time to travel μαθήματος. from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Η συνήθης ρήση «ταresidencies αρχαία ελληνικά νεκρή The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASSγλώσσα» wasbetter born in sense1.of safety the distributed outside townείναι centres, search for Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: διαχέεται συχνάeducation, από τουςentertainment πολέμιους της αυτή η services of health, “atαρχαίας the heartελληνικής, of the city”,κι (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where φράση έχει ειπωθεί πλειστάκις αγνοώντας παντελώς ότι η παγκόσμια studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 she became teacher in the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and διανόηση και πνευματική πορεία στηρίζονται στον αρχαίο ελληνικό University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying πολιτισμό. Χάρη στους Αρχαίους Έλληνες, Ανθρωπότητα her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINSηENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Encyclopedia: κληροδότησε έργα με διαχρονική αξία ως «κτῆμα ἐς ἀεί». Free Ποίος μπορεί G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually να αμφισβητήσει, ότι η Πλατωνική και Αριστοτελική φιλοσοφική

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

διδαχή, η πολιτική σκέψη του ΘΟΥΚΥΔΙΔΗ αποτέλεσαν πυλώνες προόδου για την πνευματική εξέλιξη, όχι μόνο του ελληνικού πολιτισμού, αλλά και ολόκληρης της οικουμένης; Από τις απαρχές των πρώτων χρόνων της σύστασης του ελληνικού Κράτους λειτούργησαν ως βάση θεωριών για το πλέγμα των γενικών συνταγματικών αρχών, ενώ σε διεθνές επίπεδο τα κείμενα του ΠΛΑΤΩΝΑ και του ΑΡΙΣΤΟΤΕΛΗ Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS επέδρασαν στον παγκόσμιο ιστό By σκέψης.

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Οι βασικές αρχές της Δημοκρατίας, της Ελευθερίας, της

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Ισονομίας-Ισότητας που διέπουν π.χ. τονStudent “Επιτάφιο” του ΘΟΥΚΥΔΙΔΗ, of the School of Architecture όπως εκτυλίσσονται μέσα από τον λόγο του Technical ΠΕΡΙΚΛΗ, αποτέλεσαν University of Crete αιτήματα Ανθρώπων, Κοινωνιών και Λαών. Αυτά τα αιτήματα είχαν 1. Introductory approach:του Defining the concept υιοθετήσει οι Στοχαστές Ευρωπαϊκού Διαφωτισμού, αυτές οι αρχές 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, αποτέλεσαν την σπονδυλική στήλη της Γαλλικής Επανάστασης, από ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left he established a great the αυτές τις ιδέες επηρεάστηκαν οιus, Έλληνες και έθεσαν τις βάσεις για την among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. έκρηξη της of ελληνικής επανάστασης το έτος 1821. acquisition knowledge starts with thein definition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Είναιtherefore, δυνατόν να γίνεται λόγος γιαthe μια νεκρή γλώσσα, 1 (and urban Based, onλοιπόν this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 όταν οι Αρχαίοι Έλληνες Φιλόσοφοι άφησαν το στίγμα τους στο όχημα gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various σημασιοδóτησης πανανθρώπινων εννοιών, όπως του ανθρωπισμού; Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income thethis placement of artists, Είναι δυνατόν να μη ληφθεί υπόψη, ότιHowever η and καθολική έννοιαthere του χρέους, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences results rising of land prices (andπου theof όπως τονίζεται π.χ. στους has, “Επτά επίalso Θηβας” του ΑΙΣΧΥΛΟΥ whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results alsoγια rising land αποτελεί prices (andκαι the potential relative αντικατοπτρίζει την ευθύνη των Πολιτών τα of κοινά, potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification found atστον first in the UK in early 1960sτης andΠαιδείας: it refers to σήμερα έναν θεμελιώδηisαρωγό πρωταρχικό σκοπό The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor να τουςtrend πολίτεςwealthy ενεργούς; theκαταστήσει then observed people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof Πώςupgrade πρόκειται φθαρμένο, ότανthere οι ρίζες τουoldπολιτισμού London, them,για stayκάτι themselves sometimes and thus residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. μας εντοπίζονται στον αρχαίο ελληνικό και στα αρχαία being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included στοχασμό in the work of Sociologist Ruth ελληνικά ιδεώδη; Κάτι τέτοιο θα σήμαινε συναίνεση μεofτην A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in παραδοχή, other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major ότι η πνευματική μαςby other κοιτίδα δεν συνδέεται με την υπόλοιπη cities in Western countries, Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more οικουμένη.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from Η γενική θεώρηση της παιδείας σε below, μικρό αρχαιοελληνικό comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: κάτοπτρο interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of aΠαιδεία new of social groups Οι Αρχαίοι Έλληνες κατανόησαν την και την Αγωγή ως to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money το μέσο που θα υποβοηθήσει τον νέο Άνθρωπο, αφού πρώτιστα and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the γνωρίσει τον εαυτό του residencies να Ruth αναπτύξει και τελειοποιήσει τιςin 1.of The term from Sociologist GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS for wasbetter born sense safety atcomes the distributed outside townνα centres, search Berlin, where sheτου, madeνα her τις first εμπιστευτεί studies. In 1932 και she published an important study entitled: δυνατότητές να τις αξιοποιήσει. Με την services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Παιδεία, δηλαδή, τίθεται ενέργεια ηand λειτουργία, που βοηθήσει lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private car access to markets, etc.τον studies and research Geneva,σε Prague, London Neweasier York she cameθα back to London, where in According 1943 sheνα published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. του In 1950 sheto became teacher in the Άνθρωπο αναπτύξει την προσωπικότητά ώστε να φέρνει to another approach, the isούτως due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying εις πέρας το έργο του και να φθάνει στην ενδελέχεια. Δεν είδαν την her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

The Free Encyclopedia: Παιδεία ως μέσο etc., ανάδειξης Ανθρώπου σεWIKIPEDIA: αντίτυπο υφισταμένων Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aκαταστάσεων, variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, (actually αλλά ως όχημα, που κινείται σε μια“voluntary”, τροχιά εξέλιξης και 147 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

γνώσης ιδιαιτεροτήτων, αλλά και εμπιστοσύνης στις ίδιες του τις δυνάμεις. Αυτή ακριβώς η προοπτική της Παιδείας παραμένει διαχρονική: η προοπτική της ολοκλήρωσης του Ανθρώπου ως προσωπικότητας, υπό το πρίσμα του να γνωρίζει κανείς τον εαυτό του, να συνειδητοποιεί τις δυνάμεις του, να αυτοβεβαιώνεται και να οδηγείται στην ολοκλήρωση, κινούμενος σε τροχιά της ζωής, που είναι

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS διαρκώς κινούμενη και καθόλου στατική.

Harvard University, Graduate School Design, Student, Οι κύριες Αριστοτέλειες βάσεις για μια αγαθή καιofευδαίμονα ζωή

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect είναι η Παιδεία και η Αρετή.

Student of the School of Architecture Η αρχαία ελληνική Παιδεία αποτελεί τη διώρυγα διεύρυνσης Technicalτης University of Crete του πνευματικού μας κόσμου σε επίπεδο χώρου, χρόνου και βάθους της 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept πραγματικότητας.

1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among ΧΩΡΟΣ other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Ο πνευματικός ορίζοντας επίthe παντός επιστητού. acquisition of knowledge starts withδιευρύνεται theindefinition content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term ΧΡΟΝΟΣ 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban Η διεύρυνση του ορίζοντα με παρελθόν, για gentrification gentrification) indicated (inτο thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of aγίνεται cityisarea, theβάση removal (inόχι various αυτή καθ’ εαυτή τη διεύρυνση, αλλά χάριν μελέτης των λύσεων, που Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), ofοιsocial groups, usually of low-income andδιάφορα thethis placement there of artists, έδιναν Άνθρωποι στο παρελθόν στα ζητήματα, που the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof προέκυπταν. whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative ΒΑΘΟΣ potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found first in των the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Η εμβάθυνση οδηγεί στηνatουσία πραγμάτων.

The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Συμβολή στην κατανόηση μαθημάτων θετικών επιστημών the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof Η upgrade εξοικείωση με themselves τον αρχαίο ελληνικό πολιτισμό London, them, stay sometimes there and thus oldπροσφέρει residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. πληρέστερη βαθύτερη κατανόηση μαθημάτων των θετικών being indirectlyκαι “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth επιστημών. αυτό γιατί συνεισφορά Αρχαίων Ελλήνων και A description of this phenomenon is situations includedτων inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at theΚαι same period, whileη similar recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major στις Θετικές Επιστήμες είναι από τα πολυτιμότερα και σημαντικότερα cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then,περιουσιακά the issue has preoccupied severalαναφέρουμε scholars andτα forεξής: its more πολιτισμικά στοιχεία. Συνοπτικά Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon ΜΑΘΗΜΑΤΙΚΑ of gentrification, the following: ΦΥΣΙΚΗ, ΑΣΤΡΟΝΟΜΙΑ, interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof to a trend of a new Οι νόμοι της φύσης ερευνήθηκαν διεξοδικάof social από groups τους to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Προσωκρατικούς Φιλοσόφους1: από τον ΘΑΛΗ τον Μιλήσιο, τον and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the ΑΝΑΞΙΜΑΝΔΡΟ, ΑΝΑΞΙΜΕΝΗ, ΗΡΑΚΛΕΙΤΟ, τονsearch ΠΑΡΜΕΝΙΔΗ.

1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruthτον GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety theτον distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her first studies. Πυθαγόρειο In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Εκτός από το ευρέως γνωστό θεώρημα, στα έργα του services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and 1 University College of London, where continued her social research.Χαρακτηριστικὰ Her public and Βλ.informal και H.F.CHERNISS: Οἱsheπροσωκρατικοί φιλόσοφοι: καὶ long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work areΠαλίμψηστον, characterized by a(1992), passion for justice.

See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. ἐπιδράσεις: 12for 29-65. Βλ. και Θ.ΒΕΙΚΟΥ: Προσωκρατικοί: Αθήνα, and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., theCodepreciation initially of Οι part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 1995. Βλ. και G.LEGRAND: Η σκέψη των προσωκρατικών, Μετάφρ. Α.ΒΕΛΙΟΣ: Σκέψη και G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

148

Τέχνη, 1 (1985).

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

ΠΛΑΤΩΝΑ ξεχωριστή θέση έχουν τα μαθηματικά, ενώ η επιστημονική μεθοδολογική θεώρηση απέκτησε νόημα χάρη στον ΑΡΙΣΤΟΤΕΛΗ2. Επιπροσθέτως, κανείς δεν μπορεί να αμφισβητήσει τις μετεωρολογικές και αστρονομικές πτυχές στα «Φαινόμενα» του ΆΡΑΤΟΥ, τις συμπαντικές θεωρίες περί σφαιρικότητας της γης που διατυπώθηκαν για παράδειγμα από τον ΠΥΘΑΓΟΡΑ, τον ΙΚΕΤΑ, τον ΈΚΦΑΝΤΟ, τη

By Mr. George-Sp. C.3ATHANASOPOULOS . θεωρία περί ηλιοκεντρικού μοντέλου του ΠΛΑΤΩΝΑ 4 Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, έκαναν Οι φιλόσοφοι ΛΕΥΚΙΠΠΟΣ, ΔΗΜΟΚΡΙΤΟΣ, ΕΠΙΚΟΥΡΟΣ

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect λόγο για τα μικροσκοπικά αδιαίρετα κομμάτια της ύλης, τα άτομα, που Student of the School of Architecture παράγουν τους σχηματισμούς της φύσης, ενώTechnical η αρχήUniversity της μελέτης of Crete μηχανικών κατασκευών και τεχνικών εφευρέσεων οφείλει πολλά στον 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Ακόμη και στον τομέα μαθηματικό, φυσικό και μηχανικό ΑΡΧΙΜΗΔΗ.

1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), the ancient Greek philosopher, τηςANTISTHENIS, οπτικής, περί φωτός ασχολήθηκε ο ΠΛΑΤΩΝΑΣ, περί ακτινοβολίας ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the 5. ο ΔΗΜΟΚΡΙΤΟΣ, ενώ περί ταχύτητας φωτός ο ΕΜΠΕΔΟΚΛΗΣ

among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΙΚΑ 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and Μεasβάση τη μαθηματική μορφή των μοντέλων του gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areaμαθηματικού of Planning) (or Sociology well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal this, (in various ΕΥΚΛΕΙΔΗ, ο οποίος έγραψε και συγγράμματα για τα οπτικά, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, κατοπτρικά, στοιχεία της μουσικής κ.ά οι νομισματικές, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences results also rising land prices (and the δημοσιονομικές και άλλες has, αρχές ή φορείς, οι of ειδικοί δύνανται ναof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices και (andτις the potential relative εκφράσουν τις speculation). λύσεις ισορροπίας, τις συνθήκες σταθερότητας potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found atκάθε first in the UK in early 1960s and it refersως to δυνατότητες πηδαλιούχησης οικονομικού συστήματος, The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor συναρτήσεις μικρού αριθμού εξωγενών παραμέτρων. Ακολούθως, με τοof the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are κατάλληλο μαθηματικό ειδικοί there μπορούν να old υπολογίσουν London, upgrade them, stayλογισμικό, themselves οι sometimes and thus residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ήbeing να κατευθύνουν ταphenomenon έσοδα και isταincluded έξοδα in των τομέων Ruth και, indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this theθεσμικών work of Sociologist άρα,Aτις καιphenomenon αγορές αγαθών και μεταξύ συναλλασσομένων description ofperiod, this is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS atπωλήσεις the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major κρατών κατά countries, τον επόμενο χρόνο. Πιο μακροπρόθεσμες προβλέψεις cities in Western by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied otherτων Researchers.

Since then, the has several scholars and for έτος its more επιτυγχάνονται μεissue επανάληψη υπολογισμών για έκαστον για Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: 2 interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, the following: In a sense, phenomenon is dueof to a trend of a new category of social groups Βλ. καιthe R.of A. HORNE: Aristotelian Chemistry: Chymia, 11 (1966), 21-27. to “return” to the leaving the purlieus for several reasons: costsAmbix, in money Βλ. και J. E.city, BOLZAN: Chemical Combination according to high Aristotle: 23 and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the (1976), 134-144.

The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, και R.BOLTON: Form Matter andInMixture in published Aristotle: Blackwell, 1996, 183-216.

Berlin,Βλ. where she made her first studies.

1932 she an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth3Unemployment.

ThePlato’s same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Βλ. και G.Vlastos: Universe: Οξφόρδη, 1975. lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.where 4 studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came to back to London, Βλ. και W. GUTHRIE: A History of Greek Philosophy, II: Κέιμπριτζ, 1965. in According 1943 studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and 5 she published Βλ.College και Β.ΚΑΛΦΑ: Επιστήμη και Φιλοσοφία στην αρχαία Ελλάδα: 2005.

University of London, where she continued her social research.

HerΑθήνα, public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying Ι.ΚΑΛΟΓΕΡΑΚΟΥ-Π.ΘΑΝΑΣΑ: Oι See προσωκρατικοί Ελληνική her workΒλ. are και characterized by a passion for justice. also: COLLINS φιλόσοφοι: ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. AND Ltd. London 2009.

The Free Φιλοσοφία και COLLINS ΕπιστήμηSONS από την Αρχαιότητα έως τον 20οWIKIPEDIA: αιώνα: Πάτρα, 2000.Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

149 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Αρχαία ελληνικά και ειδική εκπαίδευση Concerns Έρευνες διεθνούς εμβέλειας υποστηρίζουν, ότι η μελέτη των

το οποίο υπάρχουν ή έχουν γίνει υποθέσεις ή προβολές ως προς τις ισχύουσες εξωγενείς μεταβλητές6.

αρχαίων ελληνικών αναπρογραμματίζει τον εγκέφαλο δυσλεκτικών

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS παιδιών. Οι θεωρίες αυτές βασίζονται σε επιστημονικά αποτελέσματα Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, με άξονα τη θεωρία του HAVELOCK και τεκμηριώνονται χάρη σε

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect μετρήσιμους δείκτες της λεκτικής νοημοσύνης και της αφαιρετικής Student of the School of Architecture 7. σκέψης με τεχνικές που επιταχύνθηκαν σε δυσλεκτικά παιδιά Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the conceptπροσεγγίσεων Θετικά αποτελέσματα των διδακτικών 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the θεωρητικές ancient Greekπροσεγγίσεις philosopher, Πέραν από τις του θέματος, κατά τις ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established οποίες έχουν ήδη ειπωθεί πολλά κατά καιρούς,a great μπορεί κάποιος the να among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. εστιάσει και στα θετικά αποτελέσματα που επιφέρουν οι διδακτικές acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term προσεγγίσεις. Η μεθοδολογία της διδασκαλίας των αρχαίων ελληνικών 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 συνεπάγεται μια μαθησιακή διαδικασία που οδηγεί στην ανάπτυξη gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various πολλαπλών δυνατοτήτων του μαθητή, αλλά και στην καλλιέργεια της Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andσυντακτικού-γραμματικής, thethis placement of artists, κριτικής του σκέψης. Με ασκήσεις the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land οprices (and theof χρονικών-εγκλιτικών αντικαταστάσεων ρημάτων, σύγχρονος whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, resultsκαι alsoνα rising of land (and the potential relative Εκπαιδευτικός καλείται να οργανώσει διδάξει το prices μάθημά του potential relative speculation).

Theμια term gentrification is found at τόσο first inτης the γνώσης, UK in early 1960s refers to προς κατεύθυνση ενίσχυσης, όσο και and τηςitκριτικής The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor σκέψης των μαθητών. Θέτοντας ενέργεια τη property μέθοδο της επαγωγής the then observed trend wealthyσε people to there buy in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof και τους μηχανισμούς της αφαιρετικής σκέψης, ασκήσεις London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus οι old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. μετάφρασης αδίδακτων κειμένων και μετατροπής φράσεων από την being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth αρχαία στη ελληνική, χάρη στην αναλογική προσέγγιση καιmajor στη A description of this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the νέα same period, while similar in other GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major συλλογιστική με by επαγωγικούς και παραγωγικούς συλλογισμούς, cities in Westernσκέψη countries, other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more αποτελούν ασκήσεις σχεδόν μαθηματικές.

Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of περαιτέρω the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Αφετηρία σκέψεων interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In aΕν sense, theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trend of a new social groups τέλει, ένα τέτοιο is μάθημα, που αντίστοιχό του ofδεν υπάρχει, to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money γιατί να μην υπερτερεί, ή έστω να ευρίσκεται στην ίδια μοίρα με τη and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the στεγνή διδαχή φυσικής, την απρόσωπη γνώση 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS χημικών wasbetter born in sense safety theκανόνων distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 sheεξισώσεων; published an important study entitled: τύπων, ή την υπερανάλυση μαθηματικών services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying 6 her work areκαι characterized by aΕυκλείδεια passion for Οικονομικά: justice. See also: COLLINS DICTIONARY. Βλ. Σ.ΜΙΧΑΗΛΙΔΗ: Κύπρος, 2006.ENGLISH and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 7 Βλ. και https://www.ipaideia.gr/paidagogika-themata/i-meleti-ton-arxaionG. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Design Types and Construction: Definition, of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification The role of new technologies Concerns Georgios - Spyridon C. ATHANASOPOULOS By Mr. Candidate George-Sp.Cambridge C. ATHANASOPOULOS PhD University, Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Engineering Department

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Master ofStudent Architecture in Urban Design of the School of Architecture Harvard Graduate School of Design Technical University of Crete Bachelor of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Definingphilosopher, the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient From Renaissance to the Greek 21st Century ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other heritage he left us, he established a great the One ofwise the main characteristics ofphilosopher, the design profession is the ability to among wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of synchronical knowledge starts with of the content concepts. adapt toother its changes in society.

These changes take place in acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term various fields such as the economic realm or the social organization of a state, 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first,the if (in not final, approach, the and term gentrification) is the of Planning) (or gentrification as well as in technology and the sciences.

Since ages ofarea ancient Egypt 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various its Pyramids, the role of the architect, a term that can be translated from the Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually ofengineer, low-income theremoval placement greek language as the primary wasand to try to invent tools, processes, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operationtechniques of art galleries, etc.common Howeverneeds this “change”, regardless of or material thatrestaurants, would serve and would provide the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the solutions to particular problems. In a similar way, this is also the role of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). technology in general, and that would be the creation of knowledge, materials potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found life. at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to and The methods that aim to facilitate term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the thenOne observed trend of to buy poor fundamental change thatpeople happened atproperty the timeinof Renaissance the then observed trend of wealthy to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof was the invention of thestay perspective drawing.

Thisthere wasand seen as old a cutting-edge London, upgrade them, themselves sometimes thus residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. technology and it“squeezed”. altered the way in which space was perceived. An equivalent being indirectly A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth shiftAthat takes place would be the extensive use ofofdigital toolsRuth in ofperiod, thistoday phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work Sociologist GLASSdescription at the same while similar in other major design and architecture.

Digital tools offer a wide range of options in GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. reinterpreting design and in creating particular architectural languages and cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more syntaxes.

However, they has also provide the opportunity toand simulate the Since then, the issue several scholars for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the structure of a desirable building in order to explore the performable aspects of comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: the design.

In that way, one of the main attempts of this essay is to argue that interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups the new tools not only can be used as form-finding vehicles that to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: highwould costs inexplore money new aesthetics, but at the same time, they can contribute to the and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work placedevelopment is, lack of the of new tectonic principles.

1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Simulation lower living cost of, tools “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, role of studies the approach, designer and architect isIn to1950 try to adopt theteacher new tools in According 1943As shethe published regarding city planning. she in the to another the phenomenon is due tobecame a systematic and University College of emerge, London, where she continued her socialhis research.

Her public and that continuously itorganized should be noted that role would also be to long-term informal effort by groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. critically engage withetc., thefor new and being able accept or decline and selling realCOLLINS estate, thetechniques depreciation initially of parttoof the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: the outcomes of the digital world.

As the new simulation tools may enable the G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, designerDefinition, to interpret his design in terms of functionality, weather and light Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification conditions, and stability, the results of that should not be accepted per se.

Concerns They should be critically filtered in order to provide feedback for the design.

The generation of statistical analysis and data should only be used as way to redefine the strategies and principles that guide the design process.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Computation vs Computerization | The Traces ofC. Computational Design

By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect At this point there is an important distinction that needs to be made Student of the School of Architecture between the terms “computational” and “computerized” design.

One aspect of Technical University of Crete

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the “computerized” design method would be the exact replication of an 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept analytical set of information.

In addition to that, and according to Achim 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the traditional concept (444 ANTISTHENIS, the design ancientfollows Greek philosopher, BC - 370ofBC, Athens), Menges, computerized the methods design, just ANTISTHENIS, the Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us,On he established a great the through the interface of aancient computer. the other hand computational design among wise heritage left us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with the of the content concepts. shifts theother discourse of design, by challenging the conventional methods and acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term processes of design through the introduction of parametric models, and 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a of first, notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification directly through the programming language theifcomputer.

1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” ofbroader a city area, the removal fromthere this,tools (inartists, various ways), ofDesign social groups, usually of the low-income and theof placement of computation and range all its relevant was ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, thisengineering. “change”, regardless of primarily adopted by the fields of navaletc. andHowever aerospace The artists, main the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this “change”, regardless of whatever other has, results rising of land prices (and the target was to generate models of simulation that through analysis and whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative interpretation ofspeculation). their results would lead to the increase in performance and potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first inofthe UKuse in early 1960s and it refers to efficiency of structures. The outcomes the of applied physics and The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor applied sciences alsotrend introduced new people techniques andproperty methodsininpoor fabrication the then observed of wealthy to there buy areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof and construction.

The first attempts tosometimes follow the advancements from London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and thus old came residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. the industries, as“squeezed”. they tried to respond to market demands for customization being indirectly description of this phenomenon included in model the work Sociologist Ruth of A products.

At that particular point,isisthe fordist of of the assembly-line A description ofperiod, this phenomenon included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations in other major production wassame questioned and similar redefined.

Interventions couldintake place GLASS at the period, while situations were recorded other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. during the production process in order to broaden the variety of the products. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from Nevertheless, the discourse of computational design dates way back to comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: the invention of analytical geometries and third degree algebraic equations interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups form Leibniz.

It could be argued that, at a certain degree the emergence of the to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money newtime toolstocame the the outcome of to applied mathematics through extensive and travelasfrom purlieus downtown, where work placethe is, lack of the use of computer resources.

In other words, computers offered the possibility 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she would published an important study entitled: to represent non-euclidean geometries that take a great amount of services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for effort to produce by hand.

Computer offered a wide range of potentials to map lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, analytical and geometries and this was In about to fundamental in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

1950 shebring teacher in the tocomplex another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social Her action and changes ininformal the way spaceby could be perceived, and as research. result inbrokers thepublic wayofit could long-term effort organized groups, manufacturers, buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. be built. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Redefining Tectonics GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, At this point, before shifting to an understanding of the new design and simulation tools in terms of their practical values, it might worth to Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification interpret their outcomes in terms of design and aesthetics. The new design Concerns techniques have offered new ways to design space and can be criticized for

form-finding obsessions. The result of that could be the fetishization of the architectural object. But the idea that architecture should demonstrate itself

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS and expose its ambitions to lead the aesthetics discourse is a perception that Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, goes back in time. It dates back to the andC.it ATHANASSOPOULOS even goes way more ByRenaissance Mr. George-Sp. Architect back to the construction of the Parthenon. From that point of view the new Student of the School of Architecture design tools are just being used as the contemporaryTechnical vehicle that enables the University of Crete architect-designer to express his aesthetic language and vocabulary. In other 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept words, a computational design language is not necessarily a premise for an 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept expressive architectural vocabulary, the computer be the ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greekand philosopher, (444just BC happens - 370 BC,to Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the latest method of designing. among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition ofisknowledge starts with the definition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” aseek first, the if of not final, term What important, however is into way in approach, which anythe design1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification artistic obsession or performative expression is related to a crucial aspectterm of 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various architecture, and that would be the one of tectonics. Structure was always a Sociology as as the “refining” of a city from this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually low-income andthe theremoval placement there parameter inwell), architecture andofdesign thatarea, defined the final outcome.

In the ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation ofdiscourse, art galleries, etc.technologies However this can “change”, of contemporary therestaurants, use of digital greatlyregardless contribute the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the to the field of tectonics. Even if this seems to be obvious, as engineering wasof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential always a relative discipline closely related to computation and mathematics, it could potential relative speculation). term that gentrification is found at first infor thedifferent UK in early 1960s Structure and it refers to be The claimed it is actually happening reasons. and The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor tectonics are redefined, not because of the use of the new tools by the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and residents areof engineers, but basically of the use of thesethere tools bythus theold designers.

The London, upgrade them, because stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. new tools have“squeezed”. offered the designers the possibility of an architectural being indirectly A description this phenomenon is included in thecalculate work of Sociologist Ruth vocabulary thatofofconventional tectonics cannot by simplistic A description this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar in other major simulation andsame analytic models.

As an extension to that, form-finding GLASS at the period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. techniques have definitely lead to the emergence of what could be named as cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more “tectonic-finding” techniques.

This would be an investigation offor principles Since then, the issue has several scholars and its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the various that, through the engagement of the digital tools, could lead to the realization comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: ofinterpretations any unconventional design, and at the same time would manage to the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups overcome construction issues.

It should be pointed out, however, that the to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money collaboration between the purlieus engineertoand the architect, wellplace as theis,blurring of and time to travel from the downtown, whereaswork lack of the the boundaries between disciplines a crucial factor for success.

And thisin 1.of The termat comes from the Sociologist Ruth is GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS for was born sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search better Berlin,only where she happened made her first studies.the In 1932 shea published an important study entitled: could have through use of common language between the services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth which Unemployment.

Thethe same year she left Germany and after continuous fields, would be one of mathematics.

In other words, it might be afor lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, point in she history where it’s not tectonics define In design, but actually design in According 1943 published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

1950 she teacher in the to another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research.

Her public action and informs tectonics in by that way it challenges engineering and science.

And long-term informaland effort organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. probably this could beetc., an for irony ofdepreciation our times, the fact that a discipline cannot and selling realCOLLINS estate, theCo initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

any longer challenge itself on its own, but only through the feedback of other disciplines.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Concludingly, it may be worth to George-Sp. recall Mies C. van der Rohe’sArchitect words

By Mr. ATHANASSOPOULOS regarding the advancements that were taking place, back in the beginning of Student of the School of Architecture the twentieth century. Even if the great architect’s words refer to Technical University of Crete

154

industrialization, his ideas might be still relevant today: 1. Introductory approach: Defining concept of our “yes” or “no.” Yet it “The new era is a fact: it exists,the irrespective 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept is neither better northe worse thanGreek any other era. [...] (444 One BC thing willBC, be decisive: ANTISTHENIS, ancient philosopher, - 370 Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370problems BC, Athens), among wise ourselves heritage he us, he a great the the wayother we assert in left the face of established circumstance.

Here the of among wise leftthe us,definition hetoestablished a greatbut the acquisition of knowledge startshe with ofnot the “what” content of“principle”: concepts. the spiritother begin.

Theheritage important question ask is “how.” What acquisition of knowledge starts with the content of concepts.

Based, onwhat this “principle” indefinition aare first, not final, approach, thevalue. term goods we therefore, produce or tools wethe use notif of questions of spiritual 1 (and urban Based, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, thenew term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification [...] Yet it istherefore, just the question of value that is decisive.

We must set up 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various values, fix our ultimate goals so that we may establish standards. For what is Sociology as well), asfor the “refining” of a city area, this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of— low-income and theremoval placement there artists, right and significant any era including thethe new era —from is this: toof give the ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of spirit the opportunity for existence.” the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor BIBLIOGRAPHY the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

Mario.

Alphabet and the Cambridge, ACarpo, description of thisThe phenomenon is included in theAlgorithm. work of Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Massachusetts: MIT Press, 2011.

GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major citiesCarpo, in Western countries, by other Mario.

Ten Years of Researchers.

Folding, in Greg Lynn (ed.), Folding in cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Architecture, Architectural Design. Chichester, 1993 revised edition Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from Chichester: Wiley-Academy, 2004. comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: Frampton, Kenneth.

Modern Architecture : A Critical History. Rev. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups and enl. ed.

London: Thames and Hudson, 1985. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Kara, Hanif,from et the al.purlieus Interdisciplinary New Lessons from and time to travel to downtown,Design: where work place is, lack of the 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS was born in Architecture and Engineering.

Cambridge, MA: Barcelona: Harvard sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) University Graduate Schoolentertainment of Design, Actar, 2012.

Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.

Luca Digital Fabrication inNew Architecture, and studies andCaneparo. research in Geneva, Prague, London and York she cameEngineering back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Construction.

Dordrecht, Heidelberg, New York, London: Springer, 2014.

University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Menges, Achim, and Design DICTIONARY. Thinking. her work are characterized by a Sean passionAhlquist. for justice. Computational See also: COLLINS ENGLISH and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, 2011.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, Της κυρίας Σταματίας ΜΑΛΩΙΝΑ ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Ανεξάρτητης Ερευνήτριας Concerns και

Η ΠΟΛΙΤΙΚΗ ΚΑΙ ΤΟΥΡΙΣΤΙΚΗ ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΙΑ ΤΗΣ ΕΛΛΑΔΑΣ

Της κυρίας Νικολίνας ΠΑΝΤΕΛΗ Ανεξάρτητης Ερευνήτριας

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Ο τουρισμός υφίσταται στην Ελλάδα πάρα πολλές δεκαετίες. Συμβάλει Technical University of Crete

Εισαγωγή

αρκετά στην ανάπτυξη της χώρας μας σε όλους τους τομείς. Ο κλάδος αυτός όμως δεν1.είναι ένας κλάδος ο οποίος δεν αλλοιώνεται και εξαλείφεται. Στην χώρα μας Introductory approach: Defining the concept έχει 1.υποστεί πολλές διακυμάνσεις. Αλλά και σε παγκόσμιο επίπεδο. Κρίθηκε Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), λοιπόν αναγκαία η μελέτη του Τουρισμού ως κλάδου αρχικά. Αναλύθηκαν οι ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the διακυμάνσεις του και οι πηγές που τον επηρεάζουν. Δημιουργείται, λοιπόν, μια among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the νέα επιστήμηofηknowledge οποία σχετίζεται με τον τουρισμό και τηνcontent ευρύτερη έννοιά του. acquisition starts with theindefinition of the of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term Με τον τρόπο αυτό έχουμε πλέον την δυνατότητα να μελετάμε το φαινόμενο 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification αυτό και να διορθώνουμε τυχόν λάθη αλλά και να(in γινόμαστε Η 1 (and urban gentrification) gentrification isarea, indicated thefrom areathis, ofκαλύτεροι.

Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various παρούσα εργασία αναφέρεται στην Οικονομική και Πολιτική του Τουρισμού, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement όπως αναλύει κλάδους του. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation galleries,ηrestaurants, etc. However thisσυνέχεια “change”,θα regardless of Αρχικά of θαart αναλυθεί έννοια του τουρισμού. Στην μιλήσουμε the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the για τον τουρισμό στην Ελλάδα. Συγκεκριμένα, για την τουριστική γεωγραφία της whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential Ελλάδας, relative για την speculation). κεντρική διοίκηση, τις δομές των καταλυμάτων που υπάρχουν potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification found at first in the UK in early 1960s and refersθα to αλλά και τους συντελεστέςisδημιουργίας των τουριστικών πακέτων. Στοitτέλος The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor αναφερθούμε στην συμβολή του τουρισμού στην οικονομία και στον Ελληνικό the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof τουρισμό.upgrade Έπειταthem, θα ειπωθούν συμπεράσματα.

London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Η έννοια του Τουρισμού A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Ο "τουρισμός" ως δραστηριότητα εμφανίζεται από την αρχαιότητα όπου GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. σχετιζόμενος τον ελεύθερο χρόνο αλλάseveral και μεscholars τις δραστηριότητες που cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then,μεthe issue has and for its more πραγματοποιούνταν κατά την διάρκειά του. Στην αρχαία Ελλάδα εμφανίζονται Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various διάφορες μορφές τουρισμού που σχετίζονται κυρίως θρησκευτικά δρώμενα comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, theμε following: αλλά και με αθλητικές εκδηλώσεις, όπως οι Ολυμπιακοί αγώνες. Κατά το interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups πέρασμα των χρόνων το φαινόμενο του "τουρισμού" αλλάζει και εμπλουτίζεται. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Φυσικά από διάφορους παράγοντες ακόμα and timeπαρατηρείται to travel fromότι theεπηρεάζεται purlieus to downtown, where work placeκαι is, lack of και the σήμερα ακόμη δεν έχουμε ακριβώς όλες τις centres, πτυχές 1.of The termat comes from προσδιορίσει Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruthτου.

GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town search την δομή τουριστικού θα Berlin, Αν whereπαρατηρήσουμε she made her first studies.

In 1932του she published study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heartan ofimportant theσυστήματος city”,movements (possibly) Youth Unemployment.

The same year sheπολλά left Germany and after continuous διαπιστώσουμε ότι επηρεάζεται από υποσυστήματα. Αυτά μπορεί να είναιfor lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access to markets, etc.where and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she back to London, ηstudies οικονομία, η κοινωνία, το regarding περιβάλλον, η πολιτεία αλλάcame καιbecame η τεχνολογία. Θα in According 1943 she published studies cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and λέγαμε λοιπόν, ότιofηLondon, τουριστική δραστηριότητα χαρακτηρίζεται ως public "ετερογενής".

University College where she continued her social research.

Her action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying her work are characterized passion for justice. also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Δηλαδή, είναι η αιτία by ναa παραχθούν μια See πληθώρα ετερογενών αγαθών και and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

υπηρεσιών, που στόχο έχουν να ικανοποιήσουν τόσο τους τουρίστες αλλά και τους μη τουρίστες1. Καθίσταται δύσκολο να ορισθεί ο τουρισμός με ακρίβεια. Οι πρώτοι καθηγητές που προσπάθησαν να ορίσουν τον τουρισμό ήταν ο Hunziker και ο Krapf, από το Πανεπιστήμιο της Βέρνης. Υποστήριξαν ότι ο τουρισμός έπρεπε να ορισθεί σαν το σύνολο των φαινομένων και σχέσεων, που προκύπτουν από την πραγματοποίηση ενός ταξιδιού σε έναν προορισμό και την διαμονή μη μόνιμων

By Mr. C. ATHANASOPOULOS κατοίκων σε αυτόν, εφόσον δεν οδηγούν σεGeorge-Sp. μόνιμη διαμονή και δεν συνδέονται 2.

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, με οποιαδήποτε κερδοσκοπική δραστηριότητα

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Με βάση αυτόν τον ορισμό διακρίνουμε ότι απαραίτητο στοιχείοArchitect είναι το Student of the επισκέπτης School of Architecture ταξίδι και η διαμονή. Αποκλείουμε όμως το ενδεχόμενο ένας να κάνει Technical Universityκαι of Crete μια ημερήσια εκδρομή. Με αποτέλεσμα να μην συμπεριλαμβάνονται τα επαγγελματικά ταξίδια. Με το πέρασμα του χρόνου η έννοια του τουρισμού 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept εμπλουτίσθηκε.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, Διακρίνονται the κάποια χαρακτηριστικά του τουρισμού. Αυτά είναι τα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the παρακάτω: among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts.

1. Ο τουρισμός είναι αποτέλεσμα μεμονωμένης ή ομαδικής μετακίνησης acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term ανθρώπων σε διάφορους τουριστικούς προορισμούς και η διαμονή τους σε 1 (and urban Based, therefore, onένα this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification αυτούς τουλάχιστον 24ωρο με σκοπό την ικανοποίηση των τουριστικών 1 (and επί gentrification urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various αναγκών ή επιθυμιών τους.

Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways),2. of social groups, usually low-incomeπεριέχουν and the placement thereτουριστικό of artists, Οι διάφορες μορφέςofτουρισμού ταξίδι στον ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of προορισμό καιofτην διαμονή σε αυτόν, συμπεριλαμβανομένης και τηςthere διατροφής. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever results also land prices theof 3. Τοother ταξίδιconsequences και η διαμονήhas, λαμβάνουν χώραrising εκτόςof του τόπου της(and μόνιμης whatever other consequences has, resultsνα also rising of land (and the potential relative speculation). διαμονής των ανθρώπων που αποφάσισαν μετακινηθούν γιαprices τουριστικούς potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to λόγους.

The gentrification iswealthy found atpeople firstμε in the UKνα in early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend to buy property in poor ofto 4. term Οι άνθρωποι πουofμετακινούνται σκοπό επιστρέψουν στον τόπο the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are της μόνιμης διαμονής τους μέσα σε λίγες μέρες, εβδομάδες ή μήνες.

London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”.

5. Οι άνθρωποι επισκέπτονται διάφορους τουριστικούς προορισμούς για being indirectly “squeezed”.

3. phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description of this τουριστικούς λόγους A description of this phenomenon is situations included οinwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the sameπροϋπόθεση period, whileγια similar in οother major Απαραίτητη να υφίσταται τουρισμός είναι τουρίστας GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, other Researchers. να διαθέτει ελεύθερο χρόνοbyκαι χρήματα. Έτσι ώστε να απολαύσει το μέρος στο cities in Western countries, other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied severalναscholars andκάποιο for itsκέρδος more οποίο βρίσκεται. Επιπλέον, ηby τουριστική επιχείρηση αποκτήσει Since then,υπηρεσίες. the issue Ταυτόχρονα, has scholars and for its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from various προσφέροντας και οseveral τόπος φιλοξενίας καιthe η διοίκησή comprehensive approach are summarized from the various του εισπράττει of έσοδα έτσι ώστε ναbeing αναπτυχθεί οικονομικά. interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations theνα phenomenon of thecategory following: μπορούμε ορίσουμε τον τουρισμό το σύνολο των φαινομένων In aΈτσι sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend ofως: a new of social groups και σχέσεων που προκύπτουν από την αμοιβαία επίδραση τουριστών, τουριστικών to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money επιχειρήσεων, τόπων φιλοξενίας διοικήσεων φιλοξενίας and time to travel from the purlieus toκαι downtown, whereτόπων work place is, lack ofστην the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, 1 in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 she became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and Σ.Βαρβαρέσος, Τουρισμός Οικονομικές προσεγγίσεις, Προπομπός, Αθήνα, 2000, σελ. 40-42.

University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and 2 long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Ν. Ηγουμενάκης- Κ. Κραβαρίτης- Π. Λύτρας, Εισαγωγή στον τουρισμό, Interbooks, Αθήνα, her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 1998, σελ.82-84. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 3 Ν. ΗγουμενάκηςΚ. ΚραβαρίτηςΠ. Λύτρας, Εισαγωγή στον τουρισμό, Interbooks, Αθήνα, G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

156

1998, σελ.85.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Ο Τουρισμός στην Ελλάδα Concerns Τουριστική γεωγραφία της Ελλάδας

διαδικασία προσέλκυσης, υποδοχής και φιλοξενίας επισκεπτών, δηλαδή τουριστών και εκδρομέων4.

Η Ελλάδα μπορεί να αναπτύξει κάθε μορφή τουρισμού διότι συνδυάζει το ορεινό με το θαλάσσιο τοπίο με το να επικεντρώνεται

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS παράλληλα στις ιδιαιτερότητες κάθε περιοχής. Ο τουρισμός μπορεί να Harvard της University, Graduate School of Design, Student, George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS έχει πολλές μορφές στην χώρα μας By καιMr. αυτές αναλύονται παρακάτω.Architect

of the School of Architecture Γνωστός και από την αρχαιότητα είναιStudent ο Πολιτιστικός τουρισμός διότι Technical University of Crete αυτός περιλαμβάνει πλούτο από μνημεία τα οποία προήλθαν από άλλες κοινωνίες. Ο πολιτιστικός πλούτος αναφέρεται στην πολιτιστική κληρονομιά.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Έτσι1.οIntroductory τουρίστας επιθυμεί να γνωρίσει την ιστορία του τόπου, τον λαό του και approach: Defining the concept ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCτις - 370 BC, Athens), τονANTISTHENIS, τρόπο ζωής του.the Ακόμη, την πολιτιστική εξέλιξη του, τέχνες του, την ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the αρχιτεκτονική του, το φαγητό του, το κρασί του, την τοπική παράδοση, την among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. κοινωνική, οικονομική και πολιτική δομή του. Ιδανικά η Ελλάδα εμπεριέχει όλα acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term τα παραπάνω στοιχεία.

1 (and urban Based, therefore, on του this “principle”που inindicated a αναπτύσσεται first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification Μια ακόμη μορφή τουρισμού στην Ελλάδα είναι ο 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Οικοτουρισμός. Αυτός αξιοποιεί σπήλαια, φαράγγια, λίμνες, ποτάμια και Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, removal fromthere this, (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of συνδυάζονται low-income and the placement of μοναδικούς βιότοπους. Αυτά όλα μεthe ένα ήπιο κλίμα. Ο επισκέπτης ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, However regardless of μαθαίνει το οικοσύστημα αλλά μαθαίνει etc. να το σέβεταιthis και“change”, να το προστατεύει. Η the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, μέρη results rising of land prices (and theof Ελλάδα διαθέτει Εθνικούς Δρυμούς, γιαalso πεζοπορία και ποδηλασία, rafting, whatever other consequences also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). κανό-καγιάκ σε ποτάμια αλλά και has, μέρηresults για ορειβασία. potential relative speculation).

TheΕπιπλέον, term gentrification at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refersνα to υπάρχειis found ο Αγροτουρισμός. Γίνεται προσπάθεια The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of αναπτύσσονται δραστηριότητες στον τουρισμό που σχετίζονται με τα αγροτικάto the then observed trend of wealthy people to there buy συμμετέχει property in ενεργά poor areas London, upgrade them, themselves and thus old residents areof αγαθά που παράγει οstay τόπος. Έτσι sometimes ο τουρίστας στην London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. διαδικασία παραγωγής των Ελληνικών προϊόντων. Παράλληλα όμως, being indirectly “squeezed”.

A descriptionστην of this phenomenon included in theτου work of Sociologist Ruth ενσωματώνεται κοινωνία, βιώνειisτην κουλτούρα τόπου και δημιουργεί A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major δεσμούς.

GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities inΒασική Western countries, by other Researchers. μορφή τουρισμού είναι ο Θαλάσσιος τουρισμός και περιλαμβάνει cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several andεκτός for its more όλες τις δραστηριότητες αναψυχής. Στην χώρα μαςscholars υπάρχουν, από τις Since θαλάσσιες then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more κλασσικές δραστηριότητες όπως κολύμβηση, windsurfing, καταδύσεις, comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various παρατήρηση θαλάσσιων θηλαστικών, ψάρεμα αλλά και γιώτινγκ. interpretations of the phenomenon of ιστιοπλοΐα, gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations of the phenomenon of thecategory following: διαδεδομένος είναι και οa trend Θρησκευτικός τουρισμός. Η χώρα μας In aΑρκετά sense, the phenomenon is due togentrification, of a new of social groups διαθέτει πλήθος βυζαντινών και μεταβυζαντινών εκκλησιών, μοναστηριών, τα to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money οποία διαθέτουν ξεχωριστή αρχιτεκτονική με σπάνιες εικόνες. Επί πρόσθετα, η and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS was born κουλτούρα της Ελλάδας, εμπεριέχει πολλές θρησκευτικές τελετουργίες που sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for betterin Berlin, ο where she madeνα her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: μπορεί επισκέπτης ζήσει. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Ο Αθλητικός τουρισμός περιλαμβάνει κατάλληλες για τομέα lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car access markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London andδομές Neweasier York she came to back toκάθε London, where του. Η Ελλάδα έχει παράδοση στον αθλητισμό από In την Συνδυάζεται in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.

1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the isαρχαιότητα. due a systematic and University College of κλίμα London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and επίσης και informal το καλό χώρας. long-term effortτης by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 4 Ν. Ηγουμενάκης, Τουριστική οικονομία, Interbooks, Αθήνα, 2007,σελ. 76-80.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Μια νέα μορφή τουρισμού είναι και ο Συνεδριακός τουρισμός. Παρατηρείται συνεχόμενη αύξηση των ατόμων, που ταξιδεύουν από διαφορετικές χώρες σε μια, με σκοπό να συμμετέχουν σε συνέδρια και να εμπλουτίσουν τις γνώσεις τους. Πολλές φορές συνδυάζουν και τις οικογενειακές τους διακοπές. Η χώρα μας διαθέτει δομές για να πραγματοποιούνται τα συνέδρια αυτά. Ακόμη, η γεωγραφική της θέση είναι κατάλληλη για τις περισσότερες χώρες.

By Mr.τουρισμός, George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Τέλος, υπάρχει και ο Ιαματικός όπου πολλοί επισκέπτες University, Graduate School of Design, Student, ταξιδεύουν στην Ελλάδα Harvard για να επισκεφτούν ιαματικές πηγές. Έτσι, ώστε να Architect θεραπευθούν και να χαλαρώσουν5. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete Η κεντρική διοίκηση του τουρισμού

1. Introductory approach: Defining conceptαπό δύο φορείς, το Υπουργείο Η κεντρική διοίκηση στην Ελλάδαthe ασκείται 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 Ανάπτυξης και τον Ελληνικό Οργανισμό Τουρισμού. Το Υπουργείο που Athens), έχει την ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, ευθύνη για τα θέματα τουρισμού είναι το Υπουργείο Ανάπτυξης. Σκοπός του είναι ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the να ελέγχει, να συντονίζει και να υποστηρίζει τον Ε.Ο.Τ., το Ξενοδοχειακό among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Επιμελητήριο Ελλάδας και την Σχολή Τουριστικών Επαγγελμάτων. acquisition ofτης knowledge starts with thein definition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 Ο Ε.Ο.Τ. είναι ο this Οργανισμός ο is οποίος διοικητικά Based, therefore, on “principle” in a first,παρεμβαίνει if (in notthe final, approach, theστον term (and urban gentrification) indicated area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and τουρισμό. Κύριος σκοπός του είναιofη aανάπτυξη και removal η (in προώθηση του τουρισμού gentrification urban gentrification) indicated thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” cityisarea, the (in various της χώρας. Οι λειτουργίες του Ε.Ο.Τ. είναι οι ακόλουθες: Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists,  Κανονιστικές - νομοθετικές αρμοδιότητες ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of  Τουριστικός σχεδιασμός the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the  Ανάπτυξη τουριστικής υποδομής και ανωδομής potential relative potential relative speculation). Διαχείριση τουριστικών εγκαταστάσεων The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto  Επιχορηγήσεις the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas  ΠροβολήΠληροφόρηση London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are  Κατάρτιση - Εκπαίδευση being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly Έρευνες, “squeezed”. εκπόνηση μελετών, στατιστικές A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work ofτου Sociologist Ruth  Συνεργασία με τις τοπικές αρχές, τους επαγγελματίες GLASS at the same period, while similar inτουριστικού other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major τομέαinκαι συντονισμός τωνby δράσεών τους cities Western countries, other Researchers. cities Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. inΚοινωνικός τουρισμός Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then,σχέσεις the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from  Διεθνείς - συνεργασία comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of theπολιτιστικών phenomenonκαι of gentrification, following:  Διοργάνωση καλλιτεχνικώνthe εκδηλώσεων. interpretations the οphenomenon theΚεντρική following: In aΕπί sense, theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trendαπό of aτην new category ofΥπηρεσία, social groups πρόσθετα, Ε.Ο.Τ. isαποτελείται τις to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus reasons: high costsΔιοικείται in money Περιφερειακές Υπηρεσίες εσωτερικού καιfor τιςseveral Υπηρεσίες εξωτερικού. and to travel from the το purlieus downtown,από where work place lack of και the από time διοικητικό συμβούλιο οποίο to αποτελείται επτά μέλη, τον is, πρόεδρο 6comes 1.of The termat from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in την γραμματέα . the distributed sense safety residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Σύμφωνα μεeducation, το άρθρο 29 του Ν. 2636/98 παράγραφος 1, οι αρμοδιότητες services of health, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for του Ε.Ο.Τ. μπορούν να μεταβιβάζονται στις Περιφέρειες. Έτσι, μεταφέρονται lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, in According 1943 she πόροι published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the αναγκαίοι και θεσπίζονται αναγκαία Όργανα. Οι Περιφερειακές to another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 5 Π. Μοίρα, Τουριστική γεωγραφία της Αθήνα, 30-37. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part 2005,σελ. of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd.Ελλάδας, London Interbooks, 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 6 Σ. Βαρβαρέσος, Τουριστική Ανάπτυξη και Διοικητική Αποκέντρωση, Προπομπός, G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

158

Αθήνα,1999, σελ. 160-162.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Διευθύνσεις τουρισμού του Ε.Ο.Τ. έχουν συγκεκριμένες αρμοδιότητες. Αυτές είναι οι εξής:  Εφαρμογή τουριστικής πολιτικής  Τουριστική πληροφόρηση  Συνεργασία με τους Ο.Τ.Α.  Συνεργασία με φορείς του ιδιωτικού τομέα  Ενημέρωση της κεντρικής υπηρεσίας

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS  Υποβολή προτάσεων Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,  Έγκριση αρχιτεκτονικών σχεδίων

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect  Άδειες λειτουργίας των τουριστικών καταλυμάτων Student of the School of Architecture  Έλεγχος των τουριστικών εγκαταστάσεων Technical University of Crete  Δημόσιες Σχέσεις που τους μεταβιβάζει η Κεντρική Υπηρεσία του Ε.Ο.Τ.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept με στόχο την αποκέντρωση.

1.

Introductory Defining the concept Επιπλέον, επιβλέπουν την πρόοδο των τουριστικών έργων και την ANTISTHENIS,approach: the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), 7. λειτουργία των τουριστικών εγκαταστάσεων ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Δομές των καταλυμάτων πουthe υπάρχουν Ελλάδα acquisition of knowledge starts with the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, στην if of not final, approach, the term 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Η μετακίνηση ένα μέρος σε ένα άλλο και η παραμονή στο δεύτερο για 1 (andαπό gentrification urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various παραπάνω από μια ημέρες, απαιτεί χώρους διαμονής. Έτσι λοιπόν ο τουρίστας Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), groups, usually low-income the placement of artists, πρέπειofναsocial εξασφαλίσει και τηνofδιαμονή του and σε ένα τουριστικόthere κατάλυμα. Ως ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of τουριστικό κατάλυμα ορίζεται οποιοδήποτε κατάλυμα που μπορεί διαρκώς ή the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.δωμάτια However this “change”, regardless whatever other has, results also rising ofδιανυκτέρευση, land prices (and theof περιοδικά να προσφέρει στους πελάτες του για καθώς whatever otherspeculation). consequences potential και άλλες relative πρόσθετες υπηρεσίες. has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation).

TheΣτην term Ελλάδα gentrification is found at first in the UKδιακρίνονται in early 1960s σε and κύρια it refersκαι to τα τουριστικά καταλύματα The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of συμπληρωματικά. Ο τρόπος που σχετίζονται αυτά τα δύο επηρεάζει τοto the then observed trend wealthy people to there buyποιότητας property in poor 8areas London, upgrade stay of themselves and thus και old residents τουριστικό προϊόνthem, στο σύνολο. Δηλαδή, sometimes και την σχέση τιμής . areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Πολύ είναι οι τύποι καταλυμάτων και στην Ελλάδα, ένας όμως από τους being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth περισσότερο διαδεδομένους διαχρονικά είναι τα ξενοδοχεία. Ως ξενοδοχείο A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the προσφέρει work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS atένα the same while similar recorded in επιπλωμένα other major ορίζουμε εμπορικού τύπου κατάλυμα, το οποίο GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western by other Researchers. δωμάτια ή και countries, διαμερίσματα προς ενοικίαση σε μια πελατεία προσωρινής cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issueαυτά has several and for more διαμονής. Ταξινομούνται με βάση την άνεση πουscholars προσφέρουν, την its διάρκεια Since then, the has scholars and forκριτήρια its more εκμετάλλευσης, τηνissue λειτουργία καιsummarized το several μέγεθος. Αυτά ταthe comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being below, from various comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various προσαρμόζονται εκάστοτε χώρα. interpretations ofστην the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations theγια phenomenon thecategory following: ξενοδοχείο να λειτουργήσει σωστά σωστή οργάνωση η In aΈνα sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of aαπαιτείται new of social groups οποία επιτυγχάνεται όταν ικανοποιούνται οι ακόλουθες συνθήκες: to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money  Ηtoσυνθήκη τηςthe συμπληρωματικότητας όπου επιδιώκεται η επίτευξη and time travel from purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack ofτου the 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in καλύτερου δυνατού συντονισμού μεταξύ όλων των υπηρεσιών που παράγονται sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: σε ένα κατάλυμα. Δηλαδή, μεταξύ των υπαλλήλων υποδοχής, ατόμων που services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of theτων city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for εργάζονται για τις προμήθειες, των οροφοκόμων, των σερβιτόρων, των ατόμων lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where που εργάζονται κουζίνα κ.τ.λ. the in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the toστην another approach, is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 7 Σ. Wil. Βαρβαρέσος, Τουριστική Ανάπτυξη και2009. Διοικητική Αποκέντρωση, Προπομπός, and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Αθήνα,1999, σελ.

163.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 8 Σ.Βαρβαρέσος, Τουρισμός Οικονομικές προσεγγίσεις, Προπομπός, Αθήνα, 2000, σελ. 147.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

 Η συνθήκη της προσαρμοστικότητας, διότι το ξενοδοχείο ως επιχείρηση, οφείλει να προσαρμόζεται στις διάφορες συγκυρίες, συμπεριλαμβανομένου και του προσωπικού. Δηλαδή των απασχολουμένων έτσι ώστε να μπορούν να υπηρετούν παραπάνω από μία κατηγορία δραστηριοτήτων.  Η συνθήκη της πολυλειτουργικότητας η οποία εξαρτάται από τον αριθμό των τμημάτων εκμετάλλευσης που διαθέτει9. Σύμφωνα με την έρευνα που πραγματοποιήθηκε το 2017 από την Ελληνική

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Στατιστική Αρχή με θέμα "Το ξενοδοχειακό Δυναμικό ανά κατηγορία της Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Ελλάδας", προέκυψαν τα παρακάτω συμπεράσματα.

Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Τα ξενοδοχεία της Ελλάδας πουByανήκουν στην κατηγορία των 5 αστεριών Student of the School of Architecture είναι στο σύνολο 496 με 74.884 δωμάτια. Τα ξενοδοχεία που ανήκουν στην Technical University of Crete κατηγορία των 4 αστεριών είναι στο σύνολο 1.485 με 107.805 δωμάτια. Αυτά που1.ανήκουν στην approach: κατηγορία Defining των 3 αστεριών είναι στο σύνολο 2.515 με 96.129 Introductory the concept δωμάτια. Τα ξενοδοχεία στην κατηγορία των 2 αστεριών είναι στο σύνολο 3.900 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ancient Greek philosopher, (444 στην BC - 370 BC, Athens), με ANTISTHENIS, 96.129 δωμάτια.the Τέλος τα ξενοδοχεία που ανήκουν κατηγορία του 1 ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great αστεριού είναι 1,387 με 26.926 δωμάτια. Συνολικά αξίζει να αναφερθεί ότιthe η among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a great10of“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of theδωμάτια content Ελλάδα διαθέτει 9.783 ξενοδοχεία με συνολικά 414.127 . concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Συντελεστές των τουριστικών πακέτων 1 (andδημιουργίας gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Το τουριστικό προϊόν είναι ένα πολυσύνθετο φαινόμενο και γι' αυτό Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, καθίσταται δύσκολη η δημιουργία του.etc. ΓιαHowever να ένα τουριστικό ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andδημιουργηθεί thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, “change”, regardless of πακέτο αρχικά πρέπει να υπάρχει ένας προορισμός ο οποίος θα εμπεριέχει the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof ευνοϊκά φυσικά κλιματολογικά στοιχεία. οποίοι whatever otherκαι consequences has, results Επιπλέον, also risingοιofπροορισμοί land pricesοι(and the potential relative speculation). εμπεριέχουν πολιτιστικά στοιχεία γίνονται αυτοδύναμοι. potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Δενterm αρκούν όμως αυτά τα δύο in στοιχεία. βασικός συντελεστής The gentrification found atpeople first the UK Πολύ in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trendμόνο ofiswealthy to buy property in poor στην πραγματοποίηση ενός ταξιδιού είναι το μεταφορικό μέσο με τοareas οποίο the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof γίνεται το ταξίδι. Το ταξίδι είναι έκφραση αριθμητική, που υποδηλώνει London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residentsμια are being indirectly “squeezed”. συγκεκριμένη απόσταση χιλιομετρική και οικονομική, η οποία συνδέει την being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth τουριστική αγορά, of τον τόπο τηςis μόνιμης τουofτουρίστα, τον A description this phenomenon includedδιαμονής inwere the recorded work Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the sameδηλαδή period, while similar situations in otherμε major τουριστικό προορισμό που επιθυμεί να επισκεφτεί, αλλά και έκφραση ποιοτική, GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. που χαρακτηρίζεται από τοby μεταφορικό μέσο που θα χρησιμοποιηθεί από τον cities in Western countries, other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more τουρίστα τηνthe μετακίνησή του, σε συνδυασμό και με την and άνεση του Since για then, issue has several scholars forπου its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the various προσφέρει αυτό κατά τη διάρκεια τουsummarized ταξιδιού11. Θα λέγαμε λοιπόν ότι, η comprehensive approach are being below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: δημιουργία ενός τουριστικού πακέτουofεπηρεάζεται: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups 1. Από την απόσταση του τουριστικού ταξιδιού. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money 2. Το κόστος του τουριστικού ταξιδιού. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 3. Το μεταφορικό μέσο του τουριστικού ταξιδιού.

The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.of safety theτου distributed residencies outside town centres, 4.where Την άνεση τουριστικού Berlin, she made her first studies.ταξιδιού.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and 9 long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Σ.Βαρβαρέσος, Οικονομική του Τουρισμού, Προπομπός, Αθήνα, 2013, σελ. 254-255. her work 10 are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Ελληνική Στατιστική Αρχή (2017) Ξενοδοχειακό Δυναμικό κατά κατηγορία. Πηγή: and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

5. Πιθανές ψυχολογικές επιδράσεις12. Επιπλέον, σημαντικός παράγοντας είναι και τα τουριστικά καταλύματα που υπάρχουν στον τόπο προορισμού. Σε αυτό το στοιχείο έγινε εκτενής αναφορά στο πρώτο μέρος της εργασίας. Σημαντικό είναι να αναφερθεί ότι τα ξενοδοχεία είναι επιχειρήσεις τα οποία προσπαθούν να προσφέρουν την μέγιστη ικανοποίηση στον πελάτη-τουρίστα. Η ικανοποίηση περιλαμβάνει την διαμονή, την άνεση, την εστίαση, την ειδίκευση, την προώθηση της παράδοσης του κάθε George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS τόπου αλλά και την διασκέδαση. ΌλαBy ταMr. παραπάνω συμπεριλαμβάνονται σε ένα Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, τουριστικό κατάλυμα ως ένα ''πακέτο'' παροχής υπηρεσιών.

Byπαραπάνω Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Κάποιοι συντελεστές από τους έχουνC.μεγαλύτερη βαρύτητα of the School Architecture από ό,τι οι άλλοι. Θετικό είναι να αναφερθεί ότιStudent η ψυχαγωγία σήμεραofστο πλαίσιο Technical University Crete ενός ξενοδοχείου μελετάται και οργανώνεται με τον καλύτερο τρόπο διότιofείναι το 1. στοιχείο εκείνο που επιτρέπει στον τουρίστα να χαλαρώσει και να απολαύσει Introductory approach: Defining the concept τις διακοπές του. Ανεξαρτήτως πάντα με το αν ο τουρίστας είναι οικονομικά 1. Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC,ένα Athens), ευκατάστατος ή όχι. the Η ψυχαγωγία αν και ποσοτικά (444 αντιπροσωπεύει μικρό ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the μόνο ποσοστό του συνολικού κόστους του τουριστικού πακέτου, ωστόσο από among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ποιοτικής πλευράς, εμφανίζει μεγάλο δυναμισμό, καθώς αυτή αποτελεί ένα από acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term τα βασικότερα κίνητρα που παρακινεί τους ανθρώπους να μετακινούνται για 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 13. this τουριστικούς σκοπούς 1 (and urban gentrification gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Η ψυχαγωγία μπορεί να υπάρξει σε διάφορους τομείς και αυτοί Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, αναφέρονται παρακάτω: ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries,  Στον φυσικό τομέα. restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences  Στον πολιτιστικό τομέα. has, results also rising of land prices (and the whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation).  Στον πνευματικό τομέα. potential relative speculation).

The term is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Στονgentrification καλλιτεχνικό τομέα.

The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor  Στον φολκλορικό τομέα. the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof  Στον διασκεδαστικό.

London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. indirectly Στον αθλητικό τομέα. being “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth 14.  Στον γαστρονομικό A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Σταat τουριστικά πακέτα περιλαμβάνεται και τοrecorded τράνσφερ απόmajor το GLASS the same period, while similar situations were in other cities in Western countries, byή other Researchers. αεροδρόμιο στο ξενοδοχείο και σε κάποιες εκδρομές που μπορεί να υπάρχουν cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. then, the issue has scholars and for its more στοSince πακέτο διακοπών. Συνήθως αυτό γίνεταιseveral με πολυτελή πούλμαν ώστε οι Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andέτσι for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the τουρίστες να μετακινούνται γρήγορα, χωρίς δυσκολίες. comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In aΗsense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, aοικονομίαtrend of a new of social groups συμβολή του Τουρισμού στην Ελληνικός τουρισμός to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Μιαtoακμαία τουριστική βιομηχανία συμβάλλει θετικά στην οικονομία κάθε and time travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the χώρας. Αυτό επιτυγχάνεται με πολλούς τρόπους. Αρχικά, η βιομηχανία τουin 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS was born sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better Berlin, where she made her firstθετικό studies.ισοζύγιο In 1932 she published an important studyθετικό entitled: τουρισμού δημιουργεί ένα για χώρα. services of health, education, entertainment “at theτην heart of theΆλλο city”,ένα (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for χαρακτηριστικό του τουρισμού είναι ότι δημιουργεί θέσεις εργασίας σε πολλές lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work 12 are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Ν. Wil. Ηγουμενάκης, Τουριστική οικονομία, Interbooks, Αθήνα, 225-228. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of2007,σελ. part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 13 Ν. Ηγουμενάκης, Τουριστική οικονομία, Interbooks, Αθήνα, 2007,σελ.

236-237.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 14 Ν. Ηγουμενάκης, Τουριστική οικονομία, Interbooks, Αθήνα, 2007,σελ. 238-241.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

ειδικότητες. Η τουριστική βιομηχανία είναι εντάσεως εργασίας, που σημαίνει ότι εξαρτάται πολύ από τους ανθρώπους που δουλεύουν σε αυτήν15. Βασική προϋπόθεση για να υφίσταται η οικονομία είναι να υπάρχει προσφορά του προϊόντος και ζήτηση. Το τι προσφέρεται σήμερα ως τουριστικό προϊόν δεν είναι αυτό που ζητά η αγορά αλλά η έξυπνη παρουσίαση αυτού του προϊόντος που θέλουμε να πουλήσουμε. Η τιμή της υπηρεσίας που προσφέρουμε καθορίζεται πάντα από την προσφορά και την ζήτηση. Μια αύξηση της ζήτησης

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS αυξάνει την τιμή και την ποσότητα προσφοράς κατά το ίδιο ποσοστό.

Harvard University, Graduate of ινστιτούτο Design, Student, Με βάση έρευνα που πραγματοποιήθηκε το 2016School από το SΕΤΕ Mr.τον George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect το 2010 οι εισπράξεις της Ελλάδας By από τουρισμόC. παρουσιάζουν πτωτική Student of the School of πορεία σε ποσοστό περίπου 50%. Η ανάκαμψη παρουσιάζεται τοArchitecture 2013 με Technical University of Crete ποσοστό 70% και συνεχίζει να σημειώνει σημαντικές επιδόσεις μέχρι το 2015 με 16 ποσοστό 85% .

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ακόμα εύρημα τηςDefining έρευναςthe είναι η διαπίστωση ότι η αυξημένη 1. Ένα Introductory approach: concept ANTISTHENIS, theστην ancient Greek philosopher, (444 να BCδημιουργεί - 370 BC, Athens), φορολόγηση που ισχύει Ελλάδα έχει ως αποτέλεσμα διάφορα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great προβλήματα. Σύμφωνα με υπολογισμούς του SETE intelligence (2016), the οι among otherknowledge wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition startshe with of the12μηνου content concepts. πρόσθετες of φορολογικές επιβαρύνσεις του τελευταίου έχουν επιφέρει acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based,ανταγωνιστικότητας therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term απώλεια του ελληνικού τουριστικού προϊόντος μεγαλύτερη 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification του 10%, ξανεμίζοντας ουσιαστικά το 50% της ανάκτησης της 1 (and urban gentrification) gentrification is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ανταγωνιστικότητας της χώρας, που επιτεύχθηκε από την αρχή εφαρμογής των Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, 17. μνημονίων με την πολύ επίπονη κοινωνικά και οικονομικά εσωτερική υποτίμηση ways), of social groups, usually of low-income thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of Επί πρόσθετα, μας αναφέρει ότι η and Ελλάδα έχει τις there μεγαλύτερες the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, However regardless whatever other has,και results also risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof φορολογικές επιβαρύνσεις άρα έχει ταetc. περισσότερα φορολογικά αντικίνητρα whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising land prices (and the potential relative για την ανάπτυξη του τουρισμού σε σχέση με χώρες όπως of η Κύπρος, η Κροατία, η potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Τουρκία και η Ισπανία.

The term gentrification found atpeople first inτης the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trendανταγωνιστικότητα ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto Όσο αφορά στην Ελλάδας στον τουρισμό και το the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas η London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are γενικό επιχειρηματικό της περιβάλλον, βρίσκεται στην 31 θέση σε σύνολο 141of London, them, stay themselves sometimes thus old residents η being indirectly “squeezed”. χωρών. Ηupgrade ανάλυση όμως των υπόλοιπων δεικτώνthere την and κατατάσσει στην 104are being indirectly “squeezed”.

A ως description this phenomenon included in the περιβάλλοντος. work of Sociologist θέση προς τηνofκαταλληλότητα του isεπιχειρηματικού ΑυτόRuth έχει A description this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, whileηsimilar in other major ως αποτέλεσμα ναofεπηρεάζεται αποτελεσματικότητα και η of παραγωγικότητα GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major 18 cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. των επιχειρηματικών δραστηριοτήτων που πραγματοποιούνται στην Ελλάδα . cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from Συμπεράσματα comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Όπως έχει σκοπός παρόντος the άρθρου είναι η προσέγγιση interpretations of αναφερθεί, the phenomenon of του gentrification, following: interpretations of the phenomenon the following: της οικονομικής τουρισμού και πολιτικής του. Ο τουρισμός είναι ένα In a sense, theτου phenomenon isαλλά dueof togentrification, aτης trend of a new category of social groups πολυδιάστατο φαινόμενο το οποίο συνεχώς μεταλλάσσεται. Επηρεάζεται από τις to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money εξελίξεις συμβαίνουν κόσμο, θετικά, είτε αρνητικά. Το βασικό and time που to travel from theστον purlieus to είτε downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth15Unemployment. same year she left Germany after continuous Ρ. Αλεξανδράκη -The Κριτσωτάκη, Τουριστική οικονομία,and Παπαζήσης, Αθήνα, 2000, σελ. 26. for 16 lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research inΕλληνικός Geneva, Prague, London and New she cameΠηγή: back to London, INSETE(2016) ΤουρισμόςΕξελίξεις καιYork Προοπτικές. www. regionalin 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 she became teacher in the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and tourism-plans.insete.gr University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and 17 long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying INSETE(2016) Ελληνικός Τουρισμός- Εξελίξεις και Προοπτικές. Πηγή: www. regionalher work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. tourism-plans.insete.gr and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

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σκέλος όμως παραμένει σταθερό. Η GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types ofτου Intervention, ανάλυση του και η εξέλιξη του βοηθά κάθε of χώρα να γίνει καλύτερη. Τα Definition, intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification τελευταία χρόνια κρίθηκε αναγκαία η μελέτη του τουριστικού τομέα.

Concerns

Για την Ελλάδα ο τουρισμός είναι βασικός πυλώνας της οικονομίας της.

ByΚατά Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS την άποψη C. μας είναι απαραίτητη η Harvard University, of Design, Student, μελέτηGraduate του διότιSchool αναλύονται οι συνθήκες Byπου Mr. επικρατούν, George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect διορθώνονται λάθη που Student of the of Architecture διαπιστώνονται με School αποτέλεσμα να Technical University of Crete συμβάλουν στην ανάπτυξη της οικονομίας.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Κατά την άποψη μας, είναι ένας 1. Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greekκλάδος philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), που πάντα θα χρήζει μελέτης και ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us,αξιολόγησης. he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, Ενδεικτική βιβλιογραφίαthe term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of (or gentrification Ρ. Αλεξανδράκη - Planning) Κριτσωτάκη, 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated gentrification (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Τουριστική οικονομία, Παπαζήσης, Αθήνα, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income 2000. and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of Σ.Βαρβαρέσος, Οικονομική του the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof Τουρισμού, Προπομπός, Αθήνα, 2013. whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, resultsΣ.also rising of Τουριστική land pricesΑνάπτυξη (and the Βαρβαρέσος, potential relative potential relative speculation). καιinΔιοικητική The term gentrification is found at first the UK in Αποκέντρωση, early 1960s andΠροπομπός, it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto Αθήνα,1999. the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Σ.Βαρβαρέσος, Τουρισμός the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof προσεγγίσεις, London, upgrade them, stay themselvesΟικονομικές sometimes there and thus old Προπομπός, residents are being indirectly “squeezed”.

2000. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon isΑθήνα, included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Ν. ΗγουμενάκηςΚ. Sociologist Κραβαρίτης-Ruth Π.

A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of GLASS at the same while similar in other major Λύτρας, Εισαγωγή στον τουρισμό, GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers.

Interbooks, Αθήνα, 1998. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and forΤουριστική its more Ν.several Ηγουμενάκης, Since then, the issue has scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied beingοικονομία, summarized below, from Interbooks, Αθήνα, 2007. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, theΤουριστική following: γεωγραφία Π. Μοίρα, της interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof toΕλλάδας, a trend of a new social groups Interbooks, Αθήνα,of 2005. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money INSETE(2016) Ελληνικός Τουρισμόςand time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, work place is, lack of the Εξελίξεις καιwhere Προοπτικές. termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruthregional-tourismGLASS for wasbetter born in Πηγή:www. sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search Berlin, where she made her first studies. Inplans.insete.gr 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for ΣΤΑΤΙΣΤΙΚΗ ΑΡΧΗ lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private car access to markets, etc. studies and research Geneva, Prague, London andΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΗ Neweasier York she came back to London, where (2017) Ξενοδοχειακό in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacherκατά in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due aΔυναμικό systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and κατηγορία. Πηγή: long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice.

See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. https://www.statistics.gr/el/statistics/and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: /publication/ STO12/2017 G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Το Βήμα των Φοιτητών

Τοπική Αυτοδιοίκηση: Σύγχρονοι προβληματισμοί

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, ByΤης Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect κυρίας Χρυσάνθης ΤΣΑΓΚΑΡΗ Student of the School of Architecture Φοιτ. Νομικής Σχολής Πανεπ. ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος Technical University of Crete

164

1. Introductory approach: Defining the της concept Η οργανωτική αναδιάρθρωση Τοπικής Aυτοδιοίκησης της 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek Ελλάδας συνιστά αναμφίβολα ένα philosopher, ώριμο θεσμικό αίτημα με πληθώρα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the παραμέτρων και προεκτάσεων. Πρώτα – πρώτα, η αναδιάρθρωση αυτή among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. αποτελεί προϋπόθεση και ταυτόχρονα θεμέλιο, πάνω στο οποίο θα acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term επιχειρηθούν δραστικές μεταβολές στη δομή και τη λειτουργία 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” is in a first, if (in not final, approach, the της term urban gentrification) indicated the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης, κάτι που έχει καταστεί αναγκαίο εδώ και gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various χρόνια, προκειμένου να ανταποκριθεί λυσιτελώς στις ραγδαίες Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of και social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, εξελίξεις στην ταχύτατη ανάπτυξη νέων τεχνολογιών. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.των However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the Σε δεύτερο επίπεδο, η αναδιάρθρωση βρίσκεται στο επίκεντρο whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). μιας εκτεταμένης αναδιάταξης του εθνικού κράτους, το οποίο οφείλει potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to να ανανεώνει από καιρούfound εις καιρόν θεσμικό οπλοστάσιο και τη The term gentrification atpeople first inτο the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto διοικητική του ευελιξία, προκειμένου να μπορεί να αντιμετωπίσει τις the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof προκλήσεις αλλά και stay τους νέους κινδύνους που προκύπτουν από τα London, upgrade them, themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. πρόσφατα διεθνή δεδομένα, χαλιναγωγούμενα από το φαινόμενο της A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other «μονοδιάστατα οικονομικής παγκοσμιοποίησης» και από major τις GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. αλλεπάλληλες «επιθέσεις» υπερεθνικών θεσμών και διαδικασιών. Για cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since has several scholars and for its more αυτό τοthen, λόγοthe καιissue η αναδιάρθρωση της Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης, όχι Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from μόνο δεν νοείται να αντιμετωπισθεί με αποσπασματικό και comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: αποκομμένο τρόπο από τον γενικό προβληματισμό για τον ολικό interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups μετασχηματισμό της εν γένει Διοικητικής Λειτουργίας, αλλά to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money καθίσταται απολύτως ανάγκη να εξεταστεί μέσα απόofένα and time to travel from theεπιτακτική purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack the πιο εξειδικευμένο πλαίσιο, και αυτό επειδή με μια πιο προσεκτική 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: αποκέντρωση αρμοδιοτήτων σε Οργανισμούς Τοπικής services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of theΑυτοδιοίκησης city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.της με αναβαθμισμένο ανθρώπινο δυναμικό με έμφαση στις studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back toαρχές London, where in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 she became teacher in the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and εγγύτητας προς τους Πολίτες και στην διασφάλιση λήψεως University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying αποφάσεων μέσα απόbyδιακριτικές διαδικασίες, θα αποτελέσει μια από her work are characterized a passion for justice.

See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND LondonΚράτους, 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: Free Encyclopedia: τις πιο σημαντικές άμυνες του Ltd. εθνικού έναντιThe στην προϊούσα G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

συρρίκνωση της εθνικής κυριαρχίας .

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Είναι αδιαμφισβήτητο, στη βάση των προαναφερθέντων, ότι η εν λόγω οργανωτική αναδιάρθρωση της Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης, θα περιλαμβάνει τρία καίρια και πολυσήμαντα σκέλη. Πρώτον, την αναβάθμιση του πρώτου βαθμού με τη δημιουργία λιγότερων και ισχυρότερων οργανισμών Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης, η συγκρότηση των οποίων θα στηριχθεί πάνω σε ασφαλή και όχι

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ριψοκίνδυνα κριτήρια.

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Δεύτερον, την αναδιάταξηByτου δευτέρου C. βαθμού σε επίπεδο Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of theτου Schoolχάρτη of Architecture Περιφέρειας με ενδεχόμενο επανασχεδιασμό των Technical University of Crete υφιστάμενων Περιφερειών. Τρίτον, τηνapproach: κατασκευή αυτοδιοικητικών 1. Introductory Defining the concept θεσμών μητροπολιτικού 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept χαρακτήρα για τα πολεοδομικά συγκροτήματα αναζήτηση ANTISTHENIS, theδυο ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - και 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), αναλόγων αυτοδιοικητικής την“principle”: εύρεση λύσης among otherμορφών wise heritage he left us, heοργάνωσης established για a great the among other wiseτων heritage leftthe us, he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with definition of the content concepts. the στα προβλήματα νησιωτικών περιοχών. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, theπρος term Το ελληνικό Σύνταγμά περικλείει αρκετές πρωτοτυπίες ως 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification την διευθέτηση ζητημάτων τηςindicated Τοπικής(inΑυτοδιοίκησης, που 1 (andτων gentrification urban gentrification) thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various επιτρέπουν μια ριζική αναδιοργάνωση του δευτέρου βαθμού. Τα Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, καίρια, ωστόσο, σημεία του νέου συνταγματικού πλαισίου, με ιδιαίτερη ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless σημασία συνοψίζονται στα εξής τρία: Το αρχικό αφορά στον αυστηρό whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever other consequences has, results also rising land prices the καθορισμό δυοspeculation). αυτοδιοικητικών βαθμών, το of δεύτερο την(and ρητή potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK τους in early and it refersτις to περιγραφή των αρμοδιοτήτων και του έργου και1960s το τελευταίο The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor ρυθμίσεις, που θα αφορούν τα οικονομικά θέματα της αυτοδιοίκησης. the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof Σύμφωνα με τοstay ισχύον ελληνικό Σύνταγμα των London, upgrade them, themselves sometimes there and«η thusδιοίκηση old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. τοπικών υποθέσεων ανήκει στους Οργανισμούς Τοπικής being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work102 of Sociologist Ruth Αυτοδιοίκησης πρώτου και δευτέρου βαθμού» [άρθρο παρ.

1Σ]. Με GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major τη λιτή αυτή countries, διατύπωση επέρχονται δυο σημαντικές αλλαγές στην cities in Western by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied otherτην Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and forτοπικών its more προϊσχύσασα ρύθμιση κατά οποία «η διοίκηση των Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from υποθέσεων ανήκει στους Οργανισμούς Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης, των comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: οποίων την πρώτη βαθμίδα αποτελούν οι Δήμοι και οι Κοινότητες. Οι interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups λοιπές βαθμίδες ορίζονται με νόμο. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Οι to μεταβολές θα επέλθουν θα είναι οι work ακόλουθες: Πρώτον, and time travel fromπου the purlieus to downtown, where place is, lack of the 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in κατοχυρώνονται συνταγματικά δυο outside βαθμοίtown Τοπικής sense of safety at the distributed residencies centres,Αυτοδιοίκησης search for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the αναφορά heart of theσε city”, (possibly) χωρίς να πραγματοποιείται ρητή και σαφή Δήμους και Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she cameδεσμευτική back to London, where Περιφέρειες. Δεύτερον, η κατοχύρωση αυτή είναι και in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to Ο another approach, the isέχει due a systematic and περιοριστική. κοινός Νομοθέτης πλέον δεν το δικαίωμα να University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying προσθέσει και άλλο byβαθμό Αυτοδιοίκησης. Η λύση αυτή, her work are characterized a passionΤοπικής for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: βέβαια, ανταποκρίνεται άριστα στη λογική ενός συνταγματικού G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually πλαισίου ανοικτού μεν, στις εξελίξεις, αλλά και παράλληλα 165 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

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αποτρεπτικού προς τα ριψοκίνδυνα και απρόσφορα μελλοντικά πειράματα. Αξιοπρόσεκτη πρωτοβουλία του αναθεωρητικού νομοθέτη θα αποτελέσει και η προσπάθεια περαιτέρω αποσαφήνισης των αρμοδιοτήτων των Οργανισμών Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης. Με τη νέα διατύπωση του άρθρου 102 παρ. 1Σ «Υπέρ των Οργανισμών Τοπικής

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Αυτοδιοίκησης συντρέχει τεκμήριο αρμοδιότητας για τη διοίκηση των Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, τοπικών υποθέσεων». ΠρόσφατηByδιάταξη του νόμου εναρμονίζεται με Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect τον Ευρωπαϊκό Χάρτη Τοπικής Αυτονομίας και of μπορεί να αξιολογηθεί Student the School of Architecture και ως επιτυχής ως προς τη γενική κατεύθυνση,Technical διότι η University συνταγματική of Crete καθιέρωση ενός τεκμηρίου αρμοδιότητας υπέρ των Οργανισμών 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης γιαDefining τη διεκπεραίωση τοπικών υποθέσεων, 1. Introductory approach: the conceptτων ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greekεξέλιξη. philosopher, (444 BC -η370 BC, Athens), αποτελεί αναμφισβήτητα θετική Ειδικότερα, ρύθμιση αυτή ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the στοχεύει στην των αρμοδιοτήτων τωνof“principle”: Οργανισμών among other wiseοριοθέτηση heritage left us,definition he established a great acquisition of knowledge startshe with the of the content concepts. the Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης και στη συνακόλουθη αποφυγή του acquisition of knowledge starts with the the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 φαινομένου της νοσφισής κεντρική εξουσία, Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated aτους first, από if (in notτην final, approach, the term (andεπιλεκτικής urban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification κάτι πουas well), συνιστά δημοκρατική επιβεβαίωση, τόσο τους Sociology as theμια “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, για (in various Sociology as well), asθεσμούς the “refining” of a city fromthere this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually low-income andthe theremoval placement artists, αυτοδιοικητικούς ,of όσο και γιαarea, την ίδια την έννοια της of τοπικής ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of αυτονομίας. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof Σε ένα δεύτερο επίπεδο, has, εξαιρετικά σημαντικές την προοπτική whatever other consequences results also rising ofγια land prices (and the potential relative speculation). της Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης στη χώρα μας, είναι οι ρυθμίσεις που potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to αφορούν στα οικονομικά της. Πυρήνας των ρυθμίσεων αυτών είναι ηto The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersof the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas ρητή κατοχύρωση της αυτοτέλειας, πουthus εξειδικεύεται αφ London, upgrade them, stayοικονομικής themselves and old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are ενός με την διασφάλιση πόρων από τον κρατικό προϋπολογισμό και being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. description of this phenomenon is included in Εξέχουσα the work ofκαινοτομία Sociologist Ruth αφ’Aετέρου με την καθιέρωση ίδιων πόρων. για description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same similar other major την Aπραγμάτωση της while οικονομικής αυτοτέλειας των in Οργανισμών GLASS at the same period, similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile other Researchers. Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης, αποτελεί η υιοθέτηση αυστηρότερων cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more επιταγών ως προς την υποχρέωση των several αρμοδίων κρατικών οργάνων.

Since then, the issue has scholars andthe for its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from various Έτσι η προϊσχύουσα χαλαρά δεσμευτική διάταξη έχει ήδη comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: αντικατασταθεί με σαφώς πιο και αυστηρή, κατά την interpretations theμια phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is due toεξειδικευμένη a trend of a new category of social groups οποία «το Κράτος λαμβάνει τα νομοθετικά, κανονιστικά και to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money δημοσιονομικά μέτρα που απαιτούνται για την and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where workδιασφάλιση place is, lack ofτης the 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS for was born sense safety the distributed outside town centres, search οικονομικής αυτοτέλειας καιresidencies των πόρων, που είναι αναγκαίοι γιαbetter τηνin Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, entertainment “at the heart the city”,movements (possibly) εκπλήρωση της education, αποστολής τηνGermany άσκηση τωνof αρμοδιοτήτων μεfor Youth Unemployment.

The same yearκαι she left and after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New κατά York sheτην came διαχείριση back to London, where ταυτόχρονη διασφάλιση της διαφάνειας των in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and πόρων αυτών». αυτόν τονshe τρόπο καθίσταται σαφές, ότι η δέσμευση University College ofΜε London, where continued her social research.

Her public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice.

See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. των αρμοδίων Κρατικών Οργάνων, τα οποία προσδιορίζονται εμμέσως, and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: πλην σαφώς, από τη διάταξη είναι προδήλως επιτακτικότερη.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Η διοικητική μεταρρύθμιση που θα εφαρμοσθεί στους Οργανισμούς Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης πρώτου και δευτέρου βαθμού θα Concerns

πρέπει να έχει ως κύριο σκοπό το επιτελικό Κράτος και την πολυεπίπεδη διακυβέρνηση και να περιλαμβάνει την περαιτέρω

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ενίσχυση της οικονομικής ανεξαρτησίας και της λειτουργικής Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, αυτοτέλειας των Οργανισμών Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης σύμφωναArchitect πάντα

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS School of Architecture με τις συνταγματικές επιταγές. Σε Student δεύτεροof the στάδιο, πρέπει να Technical University of Crete επιδιωχθεί η αποκέντρωση με βάση τις αρχές της εγγύτητας, της επικουρικότητας και της Defining αποτελεσματικότητας των Υπηρεσιών των 1. Introductory approach: the concept Οργανισμών Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης κατά των 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC αναλογία ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, - 370 BC, Athens), προδιαγραφών Κρατών - Greek Μελών της Ευρωπαϊκής ANTISTHENIS, the ancient philosopher, (444 BCΈνωσης.

-“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wiseτων heritage he left us, he established a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us, he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with definition of the content concepts. Συνοπτικώς, οι Οργανισμοί Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης πρώτου και acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term δευτέρου βαθμού συνιστούν νομικές οντότητες, οι οποίες αποτελούν 1 (and urban therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, ifτου notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification την Based, μικρογραφία τοπικών υποθέσεων κράτους. Η εύρυθμη 1 (and των gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various λειτουργία και η απόδοσή τους εξαρτάται από τη συνισταμένη Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ποικίλων παραγόντων καθοριστικών για and τηνthe ομαλή διάρθρωσήof τους. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income placement artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”,there regardless of Γι αυτό το λόγο και η εμπεριστατωμένη οργάνωση, μαζί με τηof the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the σύμπραξη εναλλακτικών διαδικασιών διευκολύνει το βεβαρυμμένο whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). έργο αποφέροντας τεράστια τη 1960s διευθέτηση των Theτους, term gentrification is found at first inοφέλη the UKαπό in early and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto τοπικών υποθέσεων. the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor

the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ΒΙΒΛΙΟΓΡΑΦΙΑ being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, thisΓΕ phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Κωνσταντίνος ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, Διοικητικό Δίκαιο, Νέα GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, other Researchers. Έκδοση, Αθήναι, 2014, by Κέντρο Επιμόρφωσης, Μελετών, Έρευνας και cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Ανάπτυξης (ΚΕΜΕΑ) Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from Κωνσταντίνος ΓΕ ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, Περιφερειακή και Τοπική comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon the following: Αυτοδιοίκηση: Ελλάδα – isΆλλα Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, In a sense, theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, aκράτη trend ofτης a new category of social groups Εκδόσεις ΚΕΜΕΑ to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack ofκαι the Επιθεώρηση Αποκέντρωσης Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης, Έτος πρώτης έκδοσης 1995 Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at published the heartan ofimportant the city”,study (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Ι. Ράλλης, Το Κανονιστικό Πλαίσιο των Δημοτικών Επιχειρήσεων, lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Έκδοση 2009 in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Κ. areΣαββαϊδάς, Διοίκηση και Διαχείριση των her work characterized byΟικονομική a passion for justice.

See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Οργανισμών Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης, Έκδοση 2009 G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

169 2521 11

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TO¶.AYT. AYT.¶EP. ¶EP.AN. AN./ R.DEC. / R.DEC.ADM. ADM.LOC. LOC.DEV. DEV.REG. REG./ R. / R.DEC. DEC.LOC. LOC.GOV. GOV.REG. REG.DEV. DEV. E¶.

GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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HDefinition, ΧΡΗΣΙΜΟΤΗΤΑ ΤΗΣ ΤΕΧΝΟΛΟΓΙΑΣ ΤΟΥ ΛΟΓΙΣΜΙΚΟΥ GENTRIFICATION Types of Intervention,

Definition, ofΤου intervention, κ. Λουκά ΧΑΤΖΗΑΛΕΞΙΟΥ ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Ανεξάρτητου Ερευνητή Concerns

Η αναγκαιότητα ύπαρξης μιας σύγχρονης τεχνολογικής υποδομής σε ένα τουριστικό γραφείο θεωρείται πλέον μία αυτονόητη αξία, καθώς μπορεί να

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS συνεισφέρει ουσιαστικά στην βελτιστοποίηση της εξυπηρέτησης του πελάτη, Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, στην εκλογίκευση των λειτουργιών By πουMr. σχετίζονται μεC.τηATHANASSOPOULOS παροχή υπηρεσιών, George-Sp. Architect στην ανάπτυξη αμφίδρομης επικοινωνίας και αλληλεπίδρασης μεταξύofτου πελάτη Student of the School Architecture και των φορέων του τουριστικού γραφείου, καθώς Technical και στον University αποτελεσματικό of Crete έλεγχο και τον προγραμματισμό των παρεχομένων υπηρεσιών των φορέων του τουριστικού γραφείου.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1.

Introductory Defining the concept Ένα πληροφοριακό σύστημα μπορεί να αποτελέσει για τον ANTISTHENIS,approach: the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -τη 370βάση BC, Athens), εκσυγχρονισμό των τουριστικών γραφείων, αλλά επίσης είναι αναγκαίο για την ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the αναβάθμιση και την οργάνωση του τουριστικού γραφείου, ώστε οι πελάτες among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. να απολαμβάνουν τις υπηρεσίες του σύγχρονα πληροφοριακά acquisition of knowledge starts withσυστήματος. theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, ifΤα not final, approach, the term συστήματα αποθηκεύουν, αναλύουν και διαχέουν και πληροφορίες. Με 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first,δεδομένα if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 τον τρόπο αυτό υποστηρίζουν τις λειτουργίες μίας επιχείρησης και παρέχουν τις gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various πληροφορίες που χρειάζονται στην διοίκησή της για αποτελεσματικότερες Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, αποφάσεις. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of Στο παρόν άρθρο θα γίνει περιγραφή της διαδικασίας ανάπτυξης the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (andενός theof πληροφοριακού για ένα χρησιμοποιώντας whatever otherσυστήματος consequences has,τουριστικό results alsoγραφείο rising of land prices (andδύο the potential relative speculation). διαφορετικές μεθοδολογίες: την Rational Unified Process και το μοντέλο potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to καταρράκτη. Στο πρώτο μέρος θα γίνει αναφορά στηνinανάπτυξη των The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK early 1960s andτεσσάρων itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor φάσεων του αντικειμενοστρεφούς μοντέλου ανάπτυξης λογισμικού (Rational the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof Unified Process) χρησιμοποιώντας τα 9sometimes διαγράμματα UML.old Στο δεύτερο London, upgrade them, stay themselves there της and thus residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. μέρος θα παρουσιαστεί η ανάλυση και σχεδίαση του πληροφοριακού συστήματος being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth με βάση το μοντέλοofτου A description thisκαταρράκτη. phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar in other major Ανάπτυξη με τη χρήσηwhile της Rational Unified were Process GLASS at the same period, similar situations recorded in other major cities in countries, by other Researchers.

HinWestern ανάπτυξη λογισμικού ένα πληροφοριακό σύστημα μπορεί να γίνει με cities Western countries, byγια other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andη for its more πολλούς τρόπους και μεθοδολογίες ωστόσο τα τελευταία χρόνια Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andμεθοδολογία for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the Rational Unified Process (RUP)are τηςbeing IBM έχει γίνει πολύ below, δημοφιλής. Αυτό συνέβη comprehensive approach summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: επειδή η RUP αναιρεί την παραδοσιακή προσέγγιση μεθόδων όπως το μοντέλο interpretations of the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense,ήthe is due togentrification, a trendπαράλληλης of a new of social groups καταρράκτη το phenomenon V-model και δίνει μία οπτική ανάλυσης, σχεδίασης, to “return” to theδοκιμών city, leaving theοποιοδήποτε purlieus for several reasons:και high costs in money ανάπτυξης και ώστε προβλήματα παρανοήσεις να and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the διαπιστώνονται έγκαιρα και να ενσωματώνονται με το λιγότερο δυνατό κόστος.

1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search wasbetter born in sense safety theεργασίας distributed residencies townείναι centres, for OιBerlin, βασικές ροές αυτού του outside μοντέλου οι GLASS ακόλουθες: α) where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, επιχειρησιακού education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly)for Μοντελοποίηση περιβάλλοντος Modeling).

Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and(Business after continuous movementsβ) lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private easier access to markets, etc.where studies and προδιαγραφών research Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, Συγγραφή (Requirements). γ)car Ανάλυση και σχεδίαση (Analysis in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 she became teacher the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and and Design). δ) Υλοποίηση (Implementation). ε) Ελεγχος (Test). in στ) University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Εγκατάσταση. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Η διαδικασία RUP είναι δομημένη σε δύο διαστάσεις: τον χρόνο, όπου ο κύκλος ζωής χωρίζεται σε φάσεις και επαναλήψεις, και τα τμήματα διαδικασίας, όπου γίνεται ο ορισμός των ενεργειών του συστήματος. Η δόμηση ενός έργου σε σχέση με τον χρόνο ακολουθεί τις εξής φάσεις: α) έναρξη: Καθορίζεται η προοπτική του έργου, β) εκπόνηση μελέτης: Σε αυτή τη φάση σχεδιάζονται οι απαιτούμενες δραστηριότητες και πόροι του συστήματος ενώ επιπλέον καθορίζονται τα χαρακτηριστικά του συστήματος και σχεδιάζεται George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS η αρχιτεκτονική του, γ) κατασκευή: By Σε Mr. αυτή τη φάση γίνεται η ανάπτυξη του Harvard University, Graduate School ofΣτη Design, Student, προϊόντος σε μια σειρά βηματικών επαναλήψεων. δ) μετάβαση: τελική φάση

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect η κοινότητα των χρηστών (παραγωγή, διανομή, εκπαίδευση) προμηθεύεται το Student of the School of Architecture προϊόν.

Technical University of Crete Η δόμηση έργου σύμφωνα με τη διάσταση των τμημάτων διαδικασίας περιλαμβάνει τιςapproach: ακόλουθες δραστηριότητες: Σύλληψη απαιτήσεων 1. Introductory Defining the concept (Requirements capture): Μια αφήγηση του τι πρέπει κάνει το σύστημα.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 να ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek BC - 370 BC, Ανάλυση και σχεδιασμός (Analysis andphilosopher, design): Μια περιγραφή του Athens), πώς θα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the υλοποιηθεί το σύστημα. Υλοποίηση (Implementation): Η παραγωγή του κώδικα. among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Έλεγχος (Test): Η επαλήθευση του συστήματος. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term Η Unified Modeling Language (UML) είναι μια γλώσσα μοντελοποίησης της 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notγλώσσα final, approach, the term urban gentrification) the area of Planning) (or gentrification μεθοδολογίας (and Συγκεκριμένα είναι isμία γραφική για την οπτική 1RUP. gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various παράσταση, τη διαμόρφωση προδιαγραφών και την τεκμηρίωση συστημάτων Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), social groups, of low-income and the placement thereσχεδιασμό of artists, που of βασίζονται σε usually λογισμικό. Η UML στοχεύει στο ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andμια thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of αντικειμενοστραφών συστημάτων. Το σχέδιο είναι απλοποιημένη παράσταση the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof της πραγματικότητας. whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices the potential relative speculation). Η UML είναι γλώσσα μοντελοποίησης και όχι μεθοδολογία, δηλ. (and η UML potential relative speculation).

Theμόνο termτη gentrification is found at firstκαι in όχι the τη UKδιαδικασία. in early 1960s and it refers to ορίζει γλώσσα μοντελοποίησης Η UML ορίζει δύο The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of εργαλεία: έναν συμβολισμό και ένα μεταμοντέλο. Ο συμβολισμός ορίζει τα 9to the then observed of wealthy sometimes people to buy inτων poor areas London, upgrade stayθα themselves and thus old residents areof διαγράμματα της them, UMLtrend που χρησιμοποιηθούν γιαthere τηνproperty ανάπτυξη 4 φάσεων London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. του αντικειμενοστραφούς μοντέλου κύκλου ζωής λογισμικού του γραφείου. Τα being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this is included in theτάξεων work of(Class Sociologist Ruth διαγράμματα αυτά είναιphenomenon τα ακόλουθα: Διαγράμματα Diagrams), A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is (Use included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations recorded inΔιαγράμματα other major Διαγράμματα περιπτώσεων χρήσης case diagrams), GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western(Object countries, by other Researchers. αντικειμένων Diagrams), Διαγράμματα αλληλεπίδρασης, τα οποία cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has several (Collaboration scholars and forDiagrams), its more αποτελούνται από: Διαγράμματα συνεργασίας Since then,σειράς the issue has several scholars and for various its more Διαγράμματα (Sequence diagrams), Διαγράμματα καταστάσεων comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various (Statechart diagrams), Διαγράμματα δραστηριοτήτων (Activity diagrams), interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: Διαγράμματα εξαρτημάτων (Component diagrams), Διαγράμματα διανομής In a sense, the phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups (Deployment diagrams) to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Η φάση έναρξης αυτή όπου καθορίζεται η προοπτική τουis,έργου. and time to travel from είναι the purlieus to downtown, where work place lack ofΕδώ the 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS was born γίνεται η σύλληψη των απαιτήσεων για το τι θαtown κάνει το σύστημα που θαin sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside centres, search for better Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: αναπτυχθεί. Όλα τα έργα ανάπτυξης λογισμικού ξεκινούν από ορισμό τους. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of theτον city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Ανεξάρτητα από τον τρόπο με τον οποίο ο ορισμός αυτός αναφέρεται lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, στις where διάφορες σταregarding μοντέλα κύκλου πρότυπα in According 1943 sheμεθοδολογίες, published studies cityphenomenon planning.ζωής In 1950 sheστα teacher που in the to another approach, the is και due tobecame a systematic and University informal College ofστην London, where sheτου continued her social Her public action and χρησιμοποιούνται λογισμικού, το research. βασικό brokers στοιχείο να long-term effortανάπτυξη by organized groups, manufacturers, ofείναι buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. γίνει μία καταγραφή αναγκών των χρηστών σχετικά με την λειτουργικότητα and selling realCOLLINS estate,των etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: που θα εξυπηρετεί το σύστημα.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

174

Ανάλυση-Σχεδιασμός. Η ικανοποίηση κάθε λειτουργικής απαίτησης από μία εφαρμογή λογισμικού υλοποιείται ως μια αλληλουχία ενεργειών που εκτελούνται από το λογισμικό, αλληλεπιδρώντας είτε με κάποιον χρήστη (φυσικό πρόσωπο), είτε με άλλα συστήματα (π.χ. άλλες εφαρμογές λογισμικού, εξωτερικές συσκευές, εξωτερικές πηγές δεδομένων). Μια τέτοια αλληλεπίδραση παράγει ένα αποτέλεσμα επιθυμητό για το χρήστη της εφαρμογής λογισμικού, δηλαδή

By Mr. ATHANASOPOULOS ικανοποιεί μια λειτουργική απαίτησή του καιGeorge-Sp. ονομάζεται C. περίπτωση χρήσης Harvard University, Graduate School Design, Student, Μια περίπτωση χρήσης χαρακτηρίζεται τόσο από τηνofαλληλουχία των Mr.και George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect ενεργειών που εκτελεί το λογισμικό,By όσο από το μέρος εκείνο με το οποίο Student ήofένα the School of Architecture αλληλεπιδρά, δηλαδή ένα χρήστη – φυσικό πρόσωπο εξωτερικό σύστημα.

Technical University of Crete Το μέρος αυτό ονομάζεται ενεργοποιός (actor). Κάθε περίπτωση χρήσης ενεργοποιείται από ένα χειριστή. Όταν εκτελούνται οι ενέργειες που 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept περιλαμβάνονται στην περίπτωση χρήσης, τότε μπορούμε να λέμε ότι «εκτελείται 1. Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), η περίπτωση χρήσης».

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Τα διαγράμματα τάξεων UML είναι το στήριγμα της αντικειμενοστραφούς among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ανάλυσης και σχεδιασμού. Τα διαγράμματα τάξεων UML παρουσιάζουν τις τάξεις acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term του συστήματος, αλληλεξαρτήσεών τους (συμπεριλαμβανομένης της 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first,και if (in not final, approach, the term gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification κληρονομιάς, της συνάθροισης, και της ένωσης), των διαδικασιών και των 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ιδιοτήτων των τάξεων. Τα διαγράμματα τάξεων χρησιμοποιούνται για πολλούς Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social low-income and theλεπτομερή placement σχεδιασμό there of artists, σκοπούς, αλλά groups, κυρίως usually για να of διαμορφώνουν έναν του ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of συστήματος. Ένα διάγραμμα τάξης περιγράφει τους τύπους των there αντικειμένων theσύστημα operation ofconsequences art galleries, είδη restaurants, etc.σχέσεων However this “change”, regardless whatever other has, results also rising ofυπάρχουν land prices (andτους theof στο και τα διάφορα στατικών που μεταξύ whatever other consequences results also rising of land πολλαπλότητα, prices (and the potential relative speculation). (αμφίδρομες και μονόδρομεςhas,συσχετίσεις, υπότυποι, potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers οι to κληρονομικότητα, κ.λ.). Στα διαγράμματα αυτά αποτυπώνονται ακόμα The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of ιδιότητες των τάξεων και οι λειτουργίες αυτών. the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are Οι τάξεις (classes) αποτελούν τη βάση της κατασκευής οποιουδήποτε London, upgrade them,συστήματος. stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. αντικειμενοστραφούς Σκοπός του διαγράμματος τάξεων (class being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description phenomenon included in the work ofαλλά Sociologist Ruth diagram) δεν είναιofηthis απεικόνιση αυτώνisτων αλληλεπιδράσεων, η απεικόνιση A description ofτου thisσυστήματος. phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work Ruth GLASS at theδομής same period, while similar in other major της στατικής Μια τάξη σχεδιάζεται ως of έναSociologist ορθογώνιο με GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western by other Researchers. τρία τμήματα. Τοcountries, πρώτο τμήμα περιέχει το όνομα της τάξης, το δεύτερο περιέχει cities in Western countries, byκαι other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has preoccupied scholars τα χαρακτηριστικά της τάξης το τρίτο τις several λειτουργίες της. and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more Φάση εκπόνησης μελέτης (Elaboration). comprehensive approach are being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Διαγράμματα αντικείμενο αναπαρίσταται με ένα interpretations of theαντικειμένων. phenomenon ofΚάθε gentrification, the following: interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: ορθογώνιο, περιέχει isείτε το και την τάξη του In a sense,το theοποίο phenomenon dueof togentrification, aόνομα trend of a new of αντικειμένου social groups (χωρισμένα άνω και κάτω the τελεία), ή μόνο τάξηreasons: του αντικειμένου (σεmoney αυτή to “return” toμεthe city, leaving purlieus for την several high costs in την περίπτωση το αντικείμενο θεωρείται ότι είναι ανώνυμο). Το όνομα από μόνο and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS was born του αντιστοιχεί ελλιπές μοντέλο, στο οποίοtown η τάξη του αντικειμένου δενin sense of safety atσε theένα distributed residencies outside centres, search for better Berlin, where she made her Η firstτάξη studies.

1932 she study entitled: έχει καθοριστεί απόIn μόνη τηςpublished αποφεύγει τηνcity”, εισαγωγή μη services of health,ακόμα. education, entertainment “at the heartan ofimportant the (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for απαραίτητων ονομάτων στα διαγράμματα, ενώ επιτρέπει την έκφραση γενικών lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where μηχανισμών που είναιstudies έγκυροι για πολλά αντικείμενα. Το όνομα της τάξης μπορεί in According 1943 she published regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research.

Her public and να περιέχειinformal ολόκληρο το by μονοπάτι πουgroups, δημιουργείται από ονόματα διαφόρων long-term effort organized manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. εμπεριεχομένων πακέτων χωρισμένα με άνω και κάτω τελεία. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Διαγράμματα συνεργασίας (1η Έκδοση). Τα διαγράμματα συνεργασίας είναι σημαντικά κατά την αντικειμενοστραφή ανάλυση και σχεδιασμό διότι απεικονίζουν τις αλληλεπιδράσεις ανάμεσα στα αντικείμενα. Τα διαγράμματα συνεργασίας εκφράζουν το περιβάλλον μεταξύ των αντικειμένων μέσω των συνδέσμων, αλλά και την αλληλεπίδραση μεταξύ των αντικειμένων μέσω μηνυμάτων που εμφανίζονται κατά μήκος των συνδέσμων. Στα διαγράμματα συνεργασίας ο χρόνος δεν αναπαρίσταται, με αποτέλεσμα τα διάφορα μηνύματα

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS να αριθμούνται για να δηλώσουν τη σειρά αποστολής.

Harvard University, Graduate of Design, Student, Η αναπαράσταση των αλληλεπιδράσεων γίνεταιSchool ως εξής: Το περιεχόμενο George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect μιας αλληλεπίδρασης περιλαμβάνει By τα Mr. ορίσματα, τις τοπικές μεταβλητές που Student of theσυνδέσμους School of Architecture δημιουργήθηκαν κατά την διάρκεια της εκτέλεσης και τους ανάμεσα Technical of Crete στα αντικείμενα που συμμετέχουν στην αλληλεπίδραση. Μια University αλληλεπίδραση εκτελείται από έναapproach: σύνολο αντικειμένων που συνεργάζονται ανταλλάσσοντας 1. Introductory Defining the concept μηνύματα. Αυτά τα μηνύματα εμφανίζονται κατά μήκος των συνδέσμων που 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, - 370 BC,προς Athens), συνδέουν τα αντικείμενα χρησιμοποιώντας βέλη (444 πουBC δείχνουν τον ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great παραλήπτη του μηνύματος. Αυτό θα το διαπιστώσουμε στα διαγράμματαthe εν among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition συνεχεία. of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, this “principle” first, if of not final, approach, the term Αντίθετα με ταon διαγράμματα σειράς οaχρόνος δεν αναπαρίσταται σαφώς σε 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification ένα διάγραμμα1συνεργασίας και αυτό έχει σαν αποτέλεσμα τα διάφορα μηνύματα gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (inΤέλος, thefrom area ofδιαγράμματα Planning) (or Sociology as well), as να the “refining” of cityisarea, the removal (in various να αριθμούνται για δηλώσουν τηaσειρά αποστολής. ταthis, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of socialτις groups, usually of low-income andαντικείμενα the placement there of artists, αυτά δείχνουν αλληλεπιδράσεις ανάμεσα στα και ταυτόχρονα τις ways), of social groups, usually ofαυτές low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of που art galleries, restaurants, etc.αλληλεπιδράσεις.

However “change”,there regardless of δομικές σχέσεις διευκολύνουν τις the operation ofconsequences art galleries, etc.also However “change”, regardless whatever other has, rising ofδιαγράμματα land prices (and theof Διαγράμματα Σειράςrestaurants, (1η results Έκδοση). Ταthis σειράς whatever other consequences has, results alsoαντικείμενα rising of land (and the potential relative speculation). αναπαριστούν αλληλεπιδράσεις ανάμεσα στα απόprices μια χρονική potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification at first in the UK in early το 1960s and it refers to άποψη. Σε αντίθεση με is ταfound διαγράμματα συνεργασίας, περιβάλλον των The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of αντικειμένων δεν αναπαρίσταται σαφώς. Η αναπαράσταση επικεντρώνεται στηνto the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof έκφραση των αλληλεπιδράσεων.

London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Ένα διάγραμμα σειράς αναπαριστά μια αλληλεπίδραση ανάμεσα σε being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the of Sociologist αντικείμενο και αναπαριστάται με ένα ορθογώνιο και work μία κάθετη γραμμή,Ruth που A description ofperiod, this is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major καλείται γραμμή ζωής τουphenomenon αντικειμένου.

GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major η cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Διαγράμματα Δραστηριοτήτων (1 Έκδοση). Ένα διάγραμμα cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue μια has several scholars andκαταστάσεων for its more δραστηριοτήτων είναι παραλλαγή των διαγραμμάτων Since then, the issue has several scholars for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized the οργανωμένο σύμφωνα με ενέργειες. Στόχος τους είναιbelow, κυρίωςfrom ηand αναπαράσταση comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various της εσωτερικήςofσυμπεριφοράς μιαςofμεθόδου ή μιας περίπτωσης μια interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, the following:χρήσης σαν interpretations the Τα phenomenon thecategory following: ακολουθία βημάτων. σύμβολα που χρησιμοποιούνται για of τονsocial σχεδιασμό In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new groups αυτών των to διαγραμμάτων είναι ίδια μεfor τα several διαγράμματα καταστάσεων η to “return” the city, leaving theτα purlieus reasons: high costs inαπλά money σημασία τους αλλάζει. Ποιο συγκεκριμένα οι αρχική και τελική κατάσταση and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1.of The term from GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in θεωρείται η αρχή το Sociologist τέλοςresidencies τηςRuth λειτουργίας ενώ λεγόμενες ενδιάμεσες sense safety atcomes theκαι distributed outside townοι centres, for Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: καταστάσεις αποτελούν της δραστηριότητες Τέλος οι services of health, education, entertainment “at theτης heartλειτουργίας. of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for δραστηριότητες συνδέονται με αυτόματες μεταβάσεις που αναπαριστώνται με lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, βέλη. in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued social research.

Her public and Διαγράμματα Καταστάσεων (1η her Έκδοση). Οι περισσότερες και long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. σημαντικότερες αλλαγές που πραγματοποιούνται στο πρόγραμμα αφορούν τον and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: χρήστη, δηλαδή ουσιαστικά τον εκπαιδευόμενο ο οποίος και μπορεί να βρεθεί σε G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

176

διαφορετικές καταστάσεις ανάλογα με τη λειτουργία που επιλέγεται να εκτελεστεί. Τα διαγράμματα καταστάσεων αναπαριστούν την συμπεριφορά μιας τάξης όσο αφορά τις καταστάσεις που αυτή μπορεί να περιέλθει. Υπάρχουν τριών ειδών καταστάσεις, η αρχική κατάσταση, η ενδιάμεση και η τελική κατάσταση. Η αρχική κατάσταση αναπαριστάται με μια μαύρη τελεία ενώ η τελική με μια μαύρη τελεία που περιβάλλεται από ένα κύκλο.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Οι ενδιάμεσες καταστάσεις αναπαριστώνται με παραλληλόγραμμα όπου Harvardστην University, of Design, Student, μέσα αναγράφεται η κατάσταση οποία Graduate μπορεί ναSchool περιέλθει το αντικείμενο.

By Mr. που George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Οι καταστάσεις συνδέονται με βέλη ονομάζονται μεταβάσεις και Student of the of Architecture ενεργοποιούνται από διάφορα γεγονότα τα οποία μαςSchool καθορίζουν ποια Technical University of Crete μονοπάτια πρέπει να ακολουθηθούν. Τα διαγράμματα εξαρτημάτων 1. Introductory approach: Definingπεριγράφουν the concept τμήματα λογισμικού και τη σχέση τους με το περιβάλλον υλοποίησης. Υποδηλώνουν τις επιλογές που 1. Introductory approach: Definingphilosopher, the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient (444 BC -αναπαριστούν 370 BC, Athens), γίνονται κατά την χρονική στιγμήGreek υλοποίησης. Τα εξαρτήματα όλα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the τα είδη των στοιχείων που αναφέρονται στην τμηματοποίηση των εφαρμογών among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. λογισμικού. Κάθε τάξη στο λογικό μοντέλο έχει έναν προσδιορισμό και ένα acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term κυρίως σώμα.

1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification Οι σχέσεις εξάρτησης χρησιμοποιούνται στα διαγράμματα 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, ofεξαρτημάτων Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various για να δηλώσουν ότιasένα εξάρτημα αναφέρεται σεthe υπηρεσίες που προσφέρονται Sociology as well), the “refining” of a city area, removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, από άλλα Αυτός ο of τύπος εξάρτησης επιλογέςthere υλοποίησης. ways), of εξαρτήματα. social groups, usually low-income andανακλά thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.ένα However “change”, regardless of Μια σχέση εξάρτησης αναπαρίσταται με βέλος με διακεκομμένη γραμμήof the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the σχεδιασμένο από τον πελάτη προςhas, τον προμηθευτή. whatever other consequences results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). Τα διαγράμματα διανομής δείχνουν διάταξη potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in τη the φυσική UK in early 1960sτων and διαφόρων it refers to εξαρτημάτων (κόμβων) υλικού, που αποτελούν ένα σύστημα, όπως και τη The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto διανομή των εκτελέσιμων προγραμμάτων σε αυτό το υλικό. the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus Κάθε old residents are Κάθε πόρος υλικού αναπαρίσταται με ένα μικρό κόμβο. σύστημα being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. μπορεί να περιγραφεί με ένα μικρό αριθμό διαγραμμάτων διανομής. Πολλές A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A ένα description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth φορές διάγραμμα είναι GLASS at μόνο the same whileαρκετό. similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in countries, by other Researchers. ΟιWestern διάφοροι κόμβοι που εμφανίζονται στο διάγραμμα διανομής συνδέονται cities inτους Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. μεταξύ με the απλές γραμμές που αναπαριστούν μία υποδομήand επικοινωνίας, η Since then, issue has several scholars for its more Since then, the issue has several scholars andthe for its more οποία είναι διπλής κατεύθυνσης. Η φύση αυτής της υποδομής μπορεί να comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from various comprehensive approach are στερεότυπο. being summarized from the μπορεί various καθοριστεί χρησιμοποιώντας ένα Τα διαγράμματα διανομής interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: να δείχνουν κόμβων ή στερεότυπα κόμβων. Όπως και με of άλλους In a sense,τάξεις theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new socialτύπους groups διαγραμμάτων, η γραφική διαφορά ανάμεσα στις τάξεις και τα αντικείμενα to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money υλοποιείται υπογραμμίζοντας το όνομα του αντικειμένου. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense of at the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Ταsafety διαγράμματα αυτά περιγράφουν τη φύση των συνδέσμων επικοινωνίας Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services ofστους health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the μπορούν city”,movements (possibly) ανάμεσα διάφορους κόμβους. διανομής επίσηςfor Youth Unemployment.

The same year sheΤα leftδιαγράμματα Germany and after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where να προβάλλουν στιγμιότυπα κόμβων (που αναγνωρίζονται με υπογραμμισμένα studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, in According 1943 sheέτσι published studies city planning.

In 1950 sheto became teacher in the toώστε another phenomenon is due a systematic and ονόματα), να approach, μαςregarding δίνουνthe ακριβείς πληροφορίες που αφορούν την University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying κατάσταση σε σχέση με τη θέση διανομής του συστήματος. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part the urban web,Να in η εκτελέσιμη 10th edit.

Wil. SONS AND Co London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Αναφορά ελέγχου για την 1Ltd. έκδοση, Τοof site θα πρέπει: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: wetzel/gentry.htm aενημερώνει variety of τον ways, in order Abstract. to achieve “assisted”, πελάτη-χρήστη γιαhttp://www.uncanny.net/ τιςthe υπηρεσίες που“voluntary”, παρέχει. Να (actually μπορεί ο

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

χρήστης να κάνει εγγραφή στο site και να γράφει τα στοιχεία του. Να εμφανίζει στον χρήστη το log-in μενού. Να μπορεί ο χρήστης να επιλέξει μεταξύ των πακέτων και των εκδρομών Αναφορά ελέγχου για την τελική Εκτελέσιμη, Το site θα πρέπει: Να ενημερώνει τον πελάτη-χρήστη για τις υπηρεσίες που παρέχει, να μπορεί ο χρήστης να κάνει εγγραφή στο site και να γράφει τα στοιχεία του, τα στοιχεία να φορτώνονται στην βάση δεδομένων του site, να εμφανίζει στον χρήστη το log-in

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS μενού, να μπορεί ο χρήστης να επιλέξει μεταξύ των πακέτων και των εκδρομών Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, και να δει πληροφορίες σχετικά με αυτά, να μπορεί ο χρήστης να αγοράσει το

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect πακέτο της εκδρομής, να του εμφανίζει σχετική σελίδα για επιλογή του τρόπου Student of the School of Architecture πληρωμής, αν ο χρήστης επιλέγει πιστωτική κάρτα για την πληρωμή να Technical University of Crete φορτώνονται τα στοιχεία της στην βάση δεδομένων.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. ΕΓΧΕΙΡΙΔΙΟ IntroductoryΧΡΗΣΤΗ approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), amongΠαρουσίαση other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the προγράμματος among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Το πρόγραμμα που υλοποιήθηκε ένα site ενός τουριστικού γραφείου acquisition of knowledge starts with theείναι the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term το οποίο γράφτηκε εξολοκλήρου σε PHP. To site ενημερώνει τον χρήστη γιαterm τις 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification εκδρομές και τα πακέτα που παρέχει το εν λόγω ταξιδιωτικό γραφείο. Δίνει την 1 gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various δυνατότητα στον χρήστη να κάνει of εγγραφή στοthe σύστημα και έπειτα να various κάνει Sociology as well), as the “refining” a city area, removal from this, (in ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, login γιαofναsocial προχωρήσει στην παραγγελία μιας εκδρομής ή πακέτου.there of artists, ways), groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of Στηνother συνέχεια φορτώνει από results την etc. βάση δεδομένων τα prices πακέτα και the τιςof the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, However regardless whatever has, also risingthis of “change”, land (and εκδρομές και τις εμφανίζει στον χρήστη. Ο χρήστης μπορεί να πατήσει σε όποια whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). κατηγορία τον ενδιαφέρει και να επιλέξει το ταξίδι του.

To site εμφανίζει τις potential relative speculation).

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The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, Ruth περιγραφή GLASS for wasbetter born sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search ταξιδιών και των εκδρομών, δίπλα σε κάθε φωτογραφεία υπάρχει η επιλογή Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment.

The same year she left andστην after continuous «Πληροφορίες» η “withdrawal” οποία μεταβαίνει τονGermany χρήστη σελίδα πακέτων και lower living cost of, from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, εκδρομών. Στην μέση της σελίδας υπάρχουν 3 επιλογές. «ΠΑΚΕΤΑ», in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and «ΕΚΔΡΟΜΕΣ», «ΑΓΟΡΑ ΥΠΗΡΕΣΙΑΣ». Η πρώτη εμφανίζει την public σελίδα των University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a μια passion for justice.

See also:αυτών.

COLLINS πακέτων ταξιδιών και κάνει σύντομη περιγραφή ΗENGLISH δεύτερη DICTIONARY. κάνει κάτι and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit.με Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free ανάλογο την πρώτη αλλά παρουσιάζει τις2009. εκδρομές. Η Τρίτη μαςEncyclopedia: εμφανίζει G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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την σελίδα με τις 2 κατηγορίες «ΠΑΚΕΤΑ» και «ΕΚΔΡΟΜΕΣ» πατώντας πάνω σε αυτές εμφανίζονται οι τίτλοι των ταξιδιών που υπάρχουν στην ΒΔ. Αν ο χρήστης πατήσει πάνω σε κάποιο ταξίδι εμφανίζεται η σελίδα πληροφοριών του ταξιδίου. Σε αυτήν υπάρχει μια αναλυτική περιγραφή του τι παρέχει το κάθε ταξίδι, υπάρχει η «Επιλογή ποσότητας» για να μπορεί ο χρήστης να επιλέξει πόσα εισιτήρια θέλει. Αν ο χρήστης πατήσει το κουμπί «Αγορά Υπηρεσίας» προχωράει στην

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS επόμενη σελίδα που είναι η σελίδα πληρωμής. Εκεί ο χρήστης προσδιορίζει τον University, Graduate School ofμέσω Design, Student, τρόπο που θα πληρώσει Harvard τα εισιτήρια. Αν επιλέξει πληρωμή πιστωτικής George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect κάρτας θα πρέπει να καταχωρήσει By τονMr. αριθμό της κάρτας και το όνομα του Student of the School of Architecture κατόχου της.

Technical of Crete Για ολοκλήρωση της παραγγελίας ο χρήστης θα πρέπειUniversity να πατήσει το κουμπί «Αγορά Εισιτηρίων», πατώντας το κουμπί αυτό εμφανίζεται η τελική 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept σελίδα επιβεβαίωσης, που πληροφορεί τον χρήστη για την θετική έκβαση της 1. Introductory approach: Definingphilosopher, the concept ANTISTHENIS, (444την BCαρχική - 370 BC, Athens), παραγγελίας του και the του ancient δίνει τηνGreek δυνατότητα να γυρίσει σελίδα.

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ΔΟΜΗΜΕΝΗ ΑΝΑΛΥΣΗ ΒΑΣΙΣΜΕΝΗ ΣΤΟ ΜΟΝΤΕΛΟ ΤΟΥ acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term ΚΑΤΑΡΡΑΚΤΗ.

1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first,τεχνολογικής if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification Η αναγκαιότητα ύπαρξης μιας σύγχρονης υποδομής σε ένα 1 (and urban gentrification gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various τουριστικό γραφείο θεωρείται πλέον μία αυτονόητη αξία, καθώς μπορεί να Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually low-income and theεξυπηρέτησης placement there artists, συνεισφέρει ουσιαστικά στην of βελτιστοποίηση της τουofπελάτη, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, However “change”, regardless of στην εκλογίκευση των λειτουργιών πουetc. σχετίζονται μεplacement τη παροχή υπηρεσιών, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other consequences has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof στην ανάπτυξη αμφίδρομης επικοινωνίας και αλληλεπίδρασης μεταξύ του πελάτη whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising landαποτελεσματικό prices (and the potential relative και των φορέων του τουριστικού γραφείου, καθώς και of στον potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK υπηρεσιών in early 1960s and it refers to έλεγχο και τον προγραμματισμό των παρεχομένων των φορέων του The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of τουριστικού γραφείου. the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are Ένα πληροφοριακό σύστημα μπορεί να αποτελέσει τη βάση για τον London, upgrade stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. εκσυγχρονισμό τωνthem, τουριστικών γραφείων, αλλά επίσης είναι αναγκαίο για την being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the workώστε of Sociologist Ruth αναβάθμιση και την οργάνωση του τουριστικού γραφείου, οι πελάτες να A description this phenomenon is situations included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar were recorded in other major απολαμβάνουν τιςofperiod, υπηρεσίες του συστήματος. Τα σύγχρονα πληροφοριακά GLASS at αποθηκεύουν, the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. συστήματα αναλύουν και διαχέουν δεδομένα και πληροφορίες. Με cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. issue has preoccupied scholars and for its more τονSince τρόποthen, αυτόthe υποστηρίζουν τις λειτουργίεςseveral μίας επιχείρησης και παρέχουν τις Since then, the issue has several scholars andthe for various its more πληροφορίες που χρειάζονται στην της για αποτελεσματικότερες comprehensive approach arepreoccupied beingδιοίκησή summarized below, from comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various αποφάσεις. interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups ΣΥΝΤΟΜΗ ΠΑΡΟΥΣΙΑΣΗ ΤΟΥ ΜΟΝΤΕΛΟΥ ΚΑΤΑΡΡΑΚΤΗ to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from purlieus to downtown, where work is, lack the Ένα από τα πιοtheδιαδεδομένα μοντέλα κύκλου ζωήςplace είναι αυτόofτου 1.of The term fromτο Sociologist Ruth GLASS, Ruth GLASS was born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, search better καταρράκτη (Waterfall), οποίο φαίνεται στο 1912-1940. παρακάτω σχήμα. Η for κεντρική Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart the city”,movements (possibly)for ιδέα μοντέλου του καταρράκτη είναι ότι το of σύστημα λογισμικού Youthτου Unemployment.

The same year she left Germany and after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where αναπτύσσεται περνώντας ολόκληρο από διαδοχικές επιμέρους φάσεις, καθεμία studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.

In 1950 she became teacher in the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and από τις οποίες θεωρείται περατωµένη µε την παραγωγή ορισμένων συστατικών University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying λογισμικού. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially ofεργασία part of the urban web, in 10th edit.

Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Κάθε επιμέρους φάση ολοκληρώνεται µε μια επαλήθευσης / Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aεπικύρωσης variety of των ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually προϊόντων της, κατά την οποία αποφασίζεται η μετάβαση ή όχι

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

στην επόµενη. Το λογισμικό εμφανίζεται πλήρες, δηλαδή µε όλα τα λειτουργικά του χαρακτηριστικά, από την επιμέρους φάση της συνένωσης και μετά. Χαρακτηριστικό του μοντέλου του καταρράκτη είναι ότι, για να ξεκινήσει μια φάση πρέπει να έχει ολοκληρωθεί πλήρως η προηγούμενη. Η ανάπτυξη µε τον τρόπο αυτό χαρακτηρίζεται ακολουθιακή, διότι οι επιμέρους φάσεις από τις οποίες διέρχεται είναι διακριτές και ακολουθούν η µία την άλλη. Η δομημένη ανάλυση και σχεδίαση εμφανίστηκε μέσα στη δεκαετία του Byτης Mr. δεκαετίας George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS 1970 και επικράτησε μέχρι και το τέλος τουC.1980, όπου άρχισαν να Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, κερδίζουν έδαφος διαφορετικές αντιλήψεις σχετικά με την ανάπτυξη λογισμικού.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Στη δομημένη ανάλυση και σχεδίαση, κάθεof the εφαρμογή Student School ofλογισμικού Architecture θεωρείται ως μια ενιαία και σχετικά αυτοτελής, μεγάληTechnical και σύνθετη λειτουργική University of Crete μονάδα λογισμικού, η οποία είναι εξ ολοκλήρου υπεύθυνη για την επικοινωνία με Introductoryτης approach: Defining concept το 1.περιβάλλον και για την the πραγματοποίηση των υπολογιστικών 1.

Introductory approach: Defining the concept «καθηκόντων» της. Αυτά τα υπολογιστικά «καθήκοντα» ως μια ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCαναλύονται - 370 BC, Athens), ιεραρχία απλούστερων μονάδων λογισμικού, οι οποίες επιδρούν σε δεδομένα.

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the among wiseείναι heritage he left us,definition he established a greatof “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the ofτις theμονάδες content concepts. που Τα other δεδομένα εντελώς ανεξάρτητα από λογισμικού acquisition of knowledge starts theindefinition the content concepts. επιδρούν αυτά, στις καιwith εστιάζεται η προσοχή όλων τωνof προσεγγίσεων Based,σ' therefore, onοποίες this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based,λογισμικού therefore, on “principle” inindicated a first, notthe final, approach, the term ανάπτυξης τηςthis δομημένης ανάλυσης καιifσχεδίασης. gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ΕΓΧΕΙΡΙΔΙΟ ΧΡΗΣΤΗ ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Συμπερασματικά the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising land prices (and the Το relative πρόγραμμα που υλοποιήθηκε παραπάνω είναιofένα μενού επιλογών potential potential relative speculation). ταξιδιών ενός τουριστικούis found γραφείου μεand τονit refers χρήστηThe term gentrification at firstτοinοποίο the UKαλληλεπιδρά in early 1960s to Theτου term gentrification found atpeople first the UKτοin early που 1960s and itareas refersofto πελάτη γραφείου. Ο χρήστης μπορεί να in επιλέξει ταξίδι ενδιαφέρει the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property inτον poor theνα then observed trend people to there buyτου property in poor areas και μάθει πληροφορίες γιαwealthy αυτό. Το πρόγραμμα δυνατότητα London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes andδίνει thusτην old residents areof London, them, stay themselves sometimes there and thusταξίδι old residents are ακόμη ναupgrade αλλάξει την επιλογή του και να δει κάποιο άλλο ή να το being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. τερματίσει πατώντας το 0.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth AΤο description ofperiod, thisοποίο phenomenon is situations included inwere the workεκκινεί of Sociologist Ruth GLASS atπρόγραμμα the same while recorded inπαρουσιάζει other major το έχειsimilar γραφεί σε γλώσσα C, όταν GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major ένα μενού επιλογών με 4 ταξίδια. από αυτά εμφανίζει την φράση “enter cities in Western countries, by otherΚάτω Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. your choice or press zero tohas quit:” O χρήστης έχει 2 επιλογές ή ναand πληκτρολογήσει Since then, the issue several scholars for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andπληροφορίες for various its more τον αριθμό του ταξιδιού που τον ενδιαφέρει για να δειbelow, περαιτέρω comprehensive approach are being summarized from the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various για αυτό ή να πληκτρολογήσει το 0ofκαι να κλείσει την interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, the εφαρμογή. following: Αν ο χρήστης interpretations theη phenomenon of the following: πατήσει το 0+enter εφαρμογή κλείνει. Αν πατήσει κάποιο νούμερο+enter η In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new category of social groups εφαρμογή συνεχίζει εμφανίζοντας πλέον το σχετικό κείμενο με τις πληροφορίες to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money του time ταξιδιού. Κάτω από κείμενοtoμεdowntown, τις πληροφορίες του ταξιδιού εμφανίζει and to travel from theτοpurlieus where work place is, lack of the επιπλέον την φράση “Choose another trip or press zero toy quit:”, το πρόγραμμα 1.

The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: σε αυτό το σημείο δίνει την δυνατότητα στον χρήστη αν έχει μετανιώσει για την services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for επιλογή τουcost να of, τηνin αλλάξει πληκτρολογώντας ένα νέο αριθμό+enter και του lower living “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, εμφανίζετε νέοanother κείμενο πληροφοριών ήplanning. να πληκτρολογήσει το 0+enter καιin να in According 1943 sheτο published studies regarding cityphenomenon In 1950 sheto became teacher the to approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research.ότι Herτο public and τερματίσει το πρόγραμμα. Να σημειωθεί σε αυτό το σημείο πρόγραμμα long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work characterized by aχρήστη passionσε forκάθε justice.

See also: COLLINS ENGLISHνέο DICTIONARY. δίνει την are δυνατότητα επιλογή του να επιλέξει ταξίδι ή and selling realCOLLINS estate, στον etc., for theCodepreciation initially ofήpart of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: να το τερματίσει.

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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EΠIΘEΩPHΣH AΠOKENTPΩΣHΣ, TOΠIKHΣ AYTO∆IOIKHΣHΣ GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, KAI ΠEPIΦEPEIAKHΣ ANAΠTY�HΣ REVUE DE DECENTRALISATION, ADMINISTRATION Definition, Types ofD’intervention, Concerns of Gentrification LOCALE ET DE DEVELOPPEMENT REGIONAL Concerns LOCAL REVIEW OF DECENTRALIZATION,

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The same year she left and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.where D’ ADMINISTRATION LOCALE ET DE DEVELOPPEMENT REGIONAL studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Edition Counsellor University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying HELLENIC CENTER FOR LOCALDICTIONARY. her work are characterized by a passion forDECENTRALIZATION, justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in GOVERNMENT AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

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Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Υπεύθυνος Τυπογραφείου 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term Yπεύθυν�ς Tυπ�γρα�εί�υ gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification ΕΚΤΥΠΩΣΕΙΣ ΘΕΟΔΩΡΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ ΔΗΜΗΤΡΗΣ 1 EI∆IKH EK∆OTIKH A.E.E.B.E. gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Μάρνη 25, Πλ. Βάθης, Αθήνα, Xαλκ�κ�νδύλη 35,Tηλε�.

Kέντρ�: (210) 5242177, (210) 5226641, FAX: (210) 5232409 Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various τηλ.: 210.5234559, φαξ: 2105203633, email: theogi@otenet.gr ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, *etc. However ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, “change”,there regardless of Tα δηµ�σιευ�µενα κείµενα απη��ύν τις απ�ψεις των Συντακτών τ�υς the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

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AYT. KAI ΠEP. AN. (and the whatever consequences has,AΠOK.,TOΠ. results also rising of land prices potential relative speculation). * potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Oι αναγγελίες εντ�ς πλαισί�υ των νέων εκδ�σεων απ�τελ�ύν πρ�σ��ρά The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early�ιλική 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor τ�υ Eπιστηµ�νικ�ύ Yπευθύν�υ τ�υ Περι�δικ�ύ πρ�ς τ�υς Συγγρα�είς τ�υς the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves*sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”.

Bάσει τ�υ N. 2121/1993 και των σ�ετικών καν�νων τ�υ ∆ιεθν�ύς ∆ικαί�υ απαbeing indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work ofµεSociologist Ruth γ�ρεύεται η αναδηµ�σίευση ή η αναπαραγωγή (�λική ή µερική) �π�ι�ν δήπ�τε A description ofδήπ�τε this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, whileτων similar in other major τρ�π� και µε �π�ι� µέσ� κειµένων τ�υ παρ�ντ�ς, �ωρίς πρ�ηγ�ύµενη GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major έγγρα�η άδεια τ�υ εκδ�τ�υ. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers.

Toute reproduction un extrait quelconque de scholars cette Revue, cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

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The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruth GLASS for wasbetter born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town search GR 11257, ATHENES / ATHENS, teleph.: (210) 8647120, Berlin,IMVROY where she 6, made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year left 8658868 Germany and after continuous movements for fax:she (210) lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, * in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and http : // library.panteion.gr/pandemos • Eλληνικά περι�δικά University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying * her work are characterized by a passion for justice.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification ΤΕΥΧΟΣ Ν. 95/2019/ ΠΕΡΙΕΧΟΜΕΝΑ/SOMMAIRE/CONTENTS Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Σελ./P. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect -Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ / Const. GE. ATHANASOPOULOS: Τοις of the School of Architecture Εντευξομένοις, Ή Περί Αστικής Ευθύνης του Student Κράτους για παράνομες Technical University of Crete

πράξεις των Οργάνων του.………………………….….……………………………………….

3 -Παντ.1.Μ. ΛΕΠΤΟΣ: Η δυναμική επαναδραστηριοποίηση ακινήτων ωφελεί Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1.

Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), σημαντικά την οικονομία………………………………………………………………………..

6 ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, -Θεοδ. ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΣ: Post “BREXIT ΣΧΕΔΙΟ”: Πόσο “IN”, Πόσο “OUT”; Η ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the μακροχρόνια καιknowledge πολύπλοκη διαδικασία αποχωρήσεως Ηνωμένου among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established aτου great acquisition of starts with of the content of“principle”: concepts. the Βασιλείου από την Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση…………………………………………………….

9 acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

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15 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or -Ειρ. ΒΑΛΛΕΡΑ - 1RICKERSON, Πέτρ.ofΑΧΙΛΛΕΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ, ΜΠΑΦΙΤΗ: gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (inΞεν. thefrom area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” a cityisarea, the removal this, (in various Γεωφυσική διερεύνηση υπεδαφικών αρχαιολογικών δομών στη περιοχή Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), ofτης social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, τηςthe Παλικής Ν. art Κεφαλληνίας……………………………………………………………..

24 operation of galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.

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-Ναπ. The ΜΑΡΑΒΕΓΙΑΣ: Χωρίς βαρβάρους…………………………………………………... term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers31 to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers -Πανεπιστήμιο ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, 34 the then observed trendΠάφος…………………………………………………………. ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto the then observed trend of wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas -Σολ. ΞΕΝΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ: Arata ISOZAKI: Βραβείο PRITZKER Αρχιτεκτονικής London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof 2019………………………………………………………………………………………………………

London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents36 are being indirectly “squeezed”.

-Γεωργ. Δ. ΜΑΡΤΖΕΛΟΣ: Οι τρεις εικονογραφικοί κύκλοι στη Βυζαντινή being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Αγιογραφία θεολογική σημασία τους……………………………………………..

39 A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS atκαι theηsame while similar in other major -Θεόδωρος Α. ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΣ.

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45 Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from -Chrys.

ARCHONTAKI: Interview mit Dr Theodoros KALLIANOS………………

51 comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: -Γ. interpretations ΓΕΩΡΓΗΣ: Ταξιδεύουμε σε θάλασσες επικίνδυνες. Ο Γιώργος interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups ΘΕΟΤΟΚΑΣ και ηthe Κύπρος………………………………………………………………………...

58 to “return” city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money -Αντ. ΚΛΑΨΗΣ:toΗthe Ελλάδα και η Μεγάλη Ιδέα…………………………………………..

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67in Berlin, where she made her first studies.

In 1932 she published an important study entitled: -Ιωάν. ΕΦΡΑΙΜΙΔΟΥ: Η έννοια του μικρεμπόρου ως ofπροϋπόθεση services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for υπαγωγής στο Νόμο για τα Υπερχρεωμένα Φυσικά Πρόσωπα lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came to back to London, (Ν.3869/2010)……………………………………………………………………………………….

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts.

Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or107 gentrification -Παρ. - Γρηγ. ΣΜΙΓΑΔΗΣ: Οι Ανεξάρτητες Διοικητικές Αρχές. Η περίπτωση 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various της Ελλάδος……………………………………………………………………………………………

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126 whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation).

-Ανδρ. Π. ΧΑΡΑΛΑΜΠΟΥΣ: Γεωπολιτική και Γεωστρατηγική Ανατομία της potential relative speculation).

The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Ανατ. Μεσογείου και οι Επιπτώσεις Δίνης σε ofto The term gentrification found atμιας firstΜεγάλης in the UKΓεωπολιτικής in early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy people to buy property in poor Κύπρο και Ελλάδα…………………………………………………………………………………..

133 the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof -Χριστ. ΜΠΑΡΜΠΑΡΟΥΣΗ: Περιφερειακή Πολιτική της Ε.Ε. για την London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly ανάπτυξη 2021“squeezed”.

- 2027: από την οικονομική σύγκλιση στην εδαφική being indirectly “squeezed”.

A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth134 συνοχή…………………………………………………………………………………………………...

A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same similar in other major -Δεσπ. ΚΩΝΣΤΑΝΤΙΝΙΔΗ: Ηwhile σημασία τηςsituations διδασκαλίας του μαθήματος των GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Αρχαίων Ελληνικών………………………………………………………………………………..

146 cities inC. Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers.

Since then, the issue has scholars more -G. - Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS: Design and several Construction: Theand rolefor of its new Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from technologies ………………………….……………………………………………………………….

151 comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, following:οικονομία -Σταμ. ΜΑΛΩΙΝΑ, Νικολ. ΠΑΝΤΕΛΗ: Η πολιτική καιthe τουριστική interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: InΕλλάδας…………………………………………………………………………………………… a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups155 της to “return” Τραγούδια to the city, leaving the ΣΟΦΑΔΩΝ……………………………………………... purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money163 -Δημοτικά Περιοχής and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the164 -Χρυσ. ΤΣΑΓΚΑΡΗ: Τοπική Αυτοδιοίκηση: Σύγχρονοι προβληματισμοί……

The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940.

Ruthτου GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search -Αγγ.1.of ΤΣΑΚΛΑΓΚΑΝΟΣ, Παρ. ΤΣΑΚΛΑΓΚΑΝΟΥ: Βασικές αρχές Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly)168 Marketing………………………………………………………………………………………………

Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, Όστρακα “withdrawal” private access markets, etc.where studiesΠΕΤΡΙΔΗΣ: and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, -Ανδρ. και from Πετρανθοί…………………………………………….

169 in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic -Λουκά ΧΑΤΖΗΑΛΕΞΙΟΥ: Η χρησιμότητα της Τεχνολογίας του Λογισμικού… and 172 University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying -Εκδότης, Επιστημονικός Υπεύθυνος……………………………………………………....

180 her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in182 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009.

WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: -Περιεχόμενα………………………………………………………….……………………………....

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

183 2521 11