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Τοις Εντευξομένοις
GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, ή Η λήξη του Β΄ Παγκοσμίου Πολέμου Definition, ofτηνintervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification 8 Μαΐου 1945 πρέπει να αποτελέσει αφετηρία για Ανοικτούς Concerns Δημοκρατικούς Ορίζοντες της Ευρώπης η
ByΤου Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS κ. Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ Harvard University, Graduate School of Νομικής Design, Student, Καθηγητού Σχολής By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect και Μεταπτ. Προγραμμάτων Student of the School of Architecture Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος, Technical University of Crete
Καθηγητού Προγρ. Σπ. Πανεπ. Αθηνών, Ομοτ. Καθηγητού ΠΑΝΤΕΙΟΥ Π.Κ.Π.Ε., 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ExBC Ch.-L.370 U. BC, L., Bruxelles, 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, Athens), Ex. -Int. Paris, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC 370I.I.A.P., BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great “principle”: the Δικηγόρου, among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the παρ΄ Α.Π., Σ.τ.Ε., Ελ. Σ.,content Δικ.approach, Ε.Ε.ofκαι Σ.the τ. Ευρ., acquisition of knowledge starts with thein definition the concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, term Κατόχου Τιμητ. Διακρ. 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is PRIX DES ETOILES gentrification indicated (in thefrom area of 12 Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city LE area, theEUROPEEN removal this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, 1 Γενική ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation ofπροσέγγιση art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless Ενασχοληθέντες Επιστήμονες διαφόρων ειδικοτήτων με το θέμα whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever other consequences has, results alsoπροσέδωσε rising of land prices (andκαι the δέχονται, ότι οspeculation). Β΄ Παγκόσμιος Πόλεμος αξιοπιστία potential relative potential relative speculation). εγκυρότητα σε λεχθένταisυπό του ΗΡΑΚΛΕΙΤΟΥ, του The term gentrification found at first in the UK inτου earlyΠΛΑΤΩΝΟΣ 1960s and it και refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto ΘΟΥΚΥΔΙΔΟΥ περί του πολέμου. the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas Οupgrade ΗΡΑΚΛΕΙΤΟΣ εξ Εφέσου (535 - 475 π.Χ.) διετύπωσε άποψη, πως London, them, stay themselves sometimes and thusτην old residents areof London, upgrade them,μεν stayΠατήρ themselves and thus old are «ο πόλεμος πάντων εστί,sometimes πάντων there δε βασιλεύς καιresidents τους μεν being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. (απ)έδειξε Θεούς, δε Ανθρώπους, τους μεν εποίησε δούλους, τους δε A description of τους this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description of thisέννοια phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of ανταγωνισμού Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the υπό same period, while similar recorded in other major ελευθέρους», την του συνεχούς (μέσω πολέμων) GLASS at the same period, while situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, byόντων, othersimilar Researchers. μεταξύ των μεμονωμένων αλλά και των συλλογικών οντοτήτων, ως cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more «αναγκαίου» νόμου της φύσεως. Since then, the issue -has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from Ο ΠΛΑΤΩΝ (425 345 π.χ.) ομίλησε περί below, συνεχούς, ανthe καιvarious ενίοτε comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: αφανούς και λανθάνοντος πολέμου, μεταξύ των πόλεων: «τω δε έργω πάσας interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups προς πάσας τας πόλεις αεί πόλεμον ακήρυκτον κατάthe φύσιν είναι», αποκλίνων to “return” to the city,του leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money υπέρ της αποφυγής πολέμου. and timeΟtoΘΟΥΚΥΔΙΔΗΣ travel from the(454 purlieus to downtown, where work is, lack the - 394 π.Χ.) υπεστήριξε τηνplace άποψη τηςofυπό 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, προϋποθέσεις διεξαγωγής πολέμου: «ει δε αναγκαίον ην ή είξαντας ευθύς τοις Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, 1 she published in According 1943 studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and Λόγος εκφωνηθείς επ’ ευκαιρία του εορτασμού της 8ης Μαΐου ως Ημέρας Λήξης του Β΄ University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Παγκοσμίου Πολέμου εντός του Ιερού Ναού της Μητροπόλεως Αθηνών. Kαι εκ της θέσεως αυτής her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. εκφράζονται θερμές ευχαριστίες προς Ηγεσία της2009. Περιφέρειας Αττικής, η urban οποία είχε and selling real estate, etc., for theCoτην depreciation initially of part of the web,την in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: πρωτοβουλία οργάνωσης της σχετικής εκδήλωσης, για την προσγενομένη στο πρόσωπό μου τιμή, G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually να είμαι ομιλητής.
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πέλας υπακούσαι ή κινδυνεύσαντες περιγενέσθαι, ο φυγών τον κίνδυνον, έναντι του υποστάντος τούτον, πλέον μεμπτός εστί ». Ο Β΄ Παγκόσμιος Πόλεμος, ανεξαρτήτως εάν ήταν «επιβεβλημένος» εκ των καταστάσεων, αναγκαία επιλογή ωρισμένων, ή μεγίστη απερισκεψία, καταγράφεται ως συντελεσθέν γεγονός τεραστίων διαστάσεων, επιδράσαν, όχι μόνον επί ευρωπαϊκού πεδίου, το οποίον απετέλεσε κυρίως το πεδίον αιματηρών συγκρούσεων, αλλά και επί ολοκλήρου της ανθρωπότητας, θεωμένης ολοκαυτώματα και υποστάσης μεταλλάξεις. By Mr.τραγικές George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS 1945, για Έθνη τα οποία τιμούνStudent, εαυτά, Οι επέτειοι, ως ηHarvard 8η Μαΐου University, Graduate School of Design, Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS είναι αφορμή μνημοσύνων δόξης καιBy προβολής γεγονότων ειδικής σημασίας. Architect of έργον the School Architecture Οι επί μέρους Άνθρωποι παρέρχονται,Student αλλά το ενόςofκοινωνικού Technical University of Crete συνόλου παραμένει. Και όταν το έργο έχει αγιασθεί με τα αίματα της ολότητας ενός Λαού, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept η διάρκειά του είναιapproach: αιώνια. Defining the concept 1. Introductory ANTISTHENIS, theκαι ancient Greek (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), Εάν δε μεγάλα πολλά, είναιphilosopher, τα κατορθώματα του- Ελληνικού Λαού, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great συνισταμένη δόξας και θυσίας μπορεί να θεωρηθεί εκ του ασφαλούςthe η among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. the δοκιμασία του Έθνους κατά τον τελευταίο Παγκόσμιο Πόλεμο. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification Τα γεγονότα 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various η Οκτωβρίου 1940, ως γνωστόν, η Ιταλία επετέθη κατά της Τηνas28 Sociology well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement Ελλάδος, με την γνωστή κατάληξη του εγχειρήματος. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Επιτρέψτε μου επί του τελευταίου αυτού γεγονότος μία regardless συνοπτικήof the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the αναφορά: whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Ο Ελληνικός Λαόςis found διά στόματος τουUK Κυβερνήτου Ιωάν. potential relative speculation). The term gentrification at first in the in early 1960s and itΜΕΤΑΞΑ refers to αρνήθηκε την απαλλοτρίωση της ελευθερίας του και προέταξε το στήθος του The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto στους επιδρομείς, επιτελέσας το θαύμα της Πίνδου και της Βορείου Ηπείρου, the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof καταστάς από“squeezed”. αμυνόμενος τιμωρός sometimes των επιδρομένων, προκαλέσας τον London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and thus old residents are being indirectly θαυμασμόν της Ανθρωπότητας, αδιαφορών για τις οίες δήποτε συνέπειες των being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth επιλογών A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS atτου. the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Η Ιταλική επίθεση κατά της Ελλάδος απέτυχε, ο Ιταλικός στρατός cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. υπεχώρησε εντός του has εδάφους της Αλβανίας, οι Ελληνες Since then, the issue several scholars and forεπέδειξαν its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and forΚορυτσά its more πρωτοφανή ηρωισμό, απώθησαν τουςsummarized εισβολείς καιbelow, κατέλαβαν την comprehensive approach are being from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various και το Αργυρόκαστρο εντός της Αλβανίας. interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, the following: Ο ΜΟΥΣΟΛΙΝΙ ζήτησεis due τηνof ΧΙΤΛΕΡ, του οποίου οι In a sense, theof phenomenon toσυνδρομή a trend of aτου new category of social groups η Απριλίου 1941 μέσω δυνάμεις επετέθησαν κατά της Ελλάδος την 6 to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Γερμανική Μεραρχία Τεθωρακισμένων προήλασε ταχύτατα Βουλγαρίας, η 2η from and time to travel the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1. The term from Sociologist Ruth 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for was born και κατέλαβε Θεσσαλονίκη, όπου καιGLASS, υπεγράφη η συνθηκολόγηση, ενώ οιin sense of safety την atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, better Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: η services of health, education,εδάφους entertainment “at the heart the27city”, (possibly) Μαΐου, Μάχη επιχειρήσεις επί ελληνικού συνεχίσθηκαν μέχριof την Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. της Κρήτης. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where in According 1943Στο she published studies cityphenomenon planning. 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and 1941 Inστο Πρόχωμα μεταξύ του υπογραφέν τηνregarding 9η Απριλίου University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Διοικητικού της Στρατιάς της Ανατολικής Μακεδονίας Στρατηγού her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in ΜΠΑΚΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ και του Διοικητικού Γερμανικής Τεθωρακισμένης Μεραρχίας 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually
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Αντιστρατήγου VEIEL Πρωτόκολλον Διαπραγματεύσεως Παραδόσεως αναφέρεται επί λέξει: «Αναγνωρίζεται ρητώς, ότι μέχρι του τέλους των Διαπραγματεύσεων Παραδόσεως σήμερον, τα Ελληνικά Στρατεύματα της Στρατιάς της Ανατολικής Μακεδονίας ηγωνίσθησαν γενναίως κατά των γενναίων Γερμανικών Στρατευμάτων…». Τα πικρά επακόλουθα επί τέσσερα έτη είναι γνωστό: πείνα, λεηλασίες, καταστροφές, απαγχονήσεις, έριδες, επιβεβαίωση της ρήσεως του By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ΠΕΡΙΚΛΕΟΥΣ: «μάλλον πεφόβημαι τας οικείας ημών αμαρτίας ή τας της των Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS εναντίον διανοίας». Architect of theπράξεις School of Architecture Όμως εκ παραλλήλου άπειρες είναι Student οι ηρωικές αυτοθυσίας Technical University of Crete των Ελλήνων και η Εθνική Αντίσταση ορθώθηκε ως ασάλευτος πύργος έναντι των κατακτητών. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Ο χρόνος δεν επιτρέπει εκτενείς εξιστορήσεις των γεγονότων και 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -Υπηρεσιών, 370 BC, Athens), απλώς αναφέρεται εδώ, ότι διασωθέντα αρχεία Δημοσίων όπως ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the π.χ. εκείνα της Υπηρεσίας Διπλωματικού και Ιστορικού Αρχείου του among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Υπουργείου Εξωτερικών, δίδουνwith ανάγλυφη την εικόνα της κατάστασης, μέχρι acquisition of knowledge starts the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term η Οκτωβρίου 1944, ημέρα απελευθέρωσης της Χώρας. την 12 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification Όλως ενδεικτικώς τα εξής: 1 (and urban αναφέρονται gentrification gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various LÉGATION ROYALE DE GRÉCE EN SUISSE Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups,η usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, 1942 Εν Βέρνη,groups, τη 3 Νοεμβρίου ways), of social usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of Προς το επί των Εξωτερικών Β. Υπουργείον the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof Λονδίνον whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Έχω την τιμήν ναis found υποβάλω υμίν, συνημμένως απόκομμα potential relative speculation). The term gentrification at first in the UK in earlyώδε, 1960s and it refersτης to ης Οκτωβρίου ε.έ., Γερμανικής εφημερίδος «Hamburger Fremdenblatt» από 23 The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor περιέχον άρθρον τηςtrend οικονομικής στήλης τηςtoως άνω εφημερίδος εν areas σχέσει the then observed wealthy people buy property in poor London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof προς την ελαιοπαραγωγήν των χωρών της νοτιο-ανατολικής Ευρώπης. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Αναφέρεται συγκεκριμένως ως προςisτην παραγωγήν της Ελλάδος, ότι αύτη being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon included in the work of Sociologist Ruth προϋπολογίζεται δια το τρέχον έτος εις 210.000 τόννους, εκφράζεται δε η A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major ελπίς, ότι εκ της ποσότητος ταύτης τουλάχιστον 30.000 τόννοι θα ώσι cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. διαθέσιμοι δια την Γερμανίαν. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars and for various its more Ευπειθέστατος comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Σ.Ν. ΜΑΡΚΕΤΗΣ interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups LÉGATION ROYALE DE GRÉCE EN SUISSE to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Νοεμβρίου 1942 τη 3ηthe and timeΕν toΒέρνη, travel from purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1. The term comes fromΕξωτερικών Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in Β. Υπουργείον sense of Προς safetyτο at επί the των distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Λονδίνον Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost “withdrawal” from private car access to markets, etc.where Εχω τηνof,τιμήν να υποβάλω υμίν, ώδε, απόκομμα της studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London andσυνημμένως Neweasier York she came back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, phenomenon is due a systematic and τρέχοντος, περιέχον κύριον άρθρον εφημερίδος «Bund» από 20ης the University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying επιγραφόμενον «Πείνα και αναβρασμός εν Ελλάδι». her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, for the depreciation initially part of the urban web, in ΤοWil. ενCOLLINS λόγω etc., άρθρον στηρίζεται κυρίως επίof των εντυπώσεων του 10th edit. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aΑμερικανού variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, (actually δημοσιογράφου Leland STOWE και επί“voluntary”, των δηλώσεων του
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Υφυπουργού Τύπου κ. ΜΙΧΑΛΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ, καθ’ ας μόνον εν Αθήναις οι εκ πείνης θάνατοι υπερβαίνουσι τας 100.000. Ευπειθέστατος Σ.Ν. ΜΑΡΚΕΤΗΣ
GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns ΤΗΛΕΓΡΑΦΗΜΑ
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2039 ΑΓΚΥΡΑ 31 Μαρτίου 1943, ώρα 22.28 Πληροφορίαι περιελθούσαιByενταύθα φέρουν, ότι ημέρα εθνικής Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS εορτής εγένετο αφορμή νέων εθνικών εκδηλώσεων. Αρχαί Harvard University, Graduate School κατοχής of Design,συνεπεία Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS γεγονότων αρχών Μαρτίου απηγόρευσαν συγκεντρώσεις, εορτασμόν και Architect Student of the School of Architecture διαδηλώσεις. Ισχυραί δυνάμεις εκυκλοφόρησαν εις τας οδούς προς πρόληψιν Technical University of Crete οίας δήποτε διαδηλώσεως. Παρά μέτρα Αρχών χιλάδες Πολιτών με Ελληνικάς Σημαίας συνεκρότησαν επιβλητικήν διαδήλωσιν κατευθηνθείσαν εις την 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Πλατείαν Συντάγματος. Επειδή Αστυνομία Χωροφυλακή δεν κατώρθωσαν 1. Introductory approach: the και concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, διάλυσιν Athens), διαλύσουν συγκεντρωθέντας επενέβη στρατός κατοχής και- προέβη ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the διαδηλωτών χτυπών δια υποκοπάνων. Εκτυπήθησαν αρκετοί αξιωματικοί. among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Έτεραι δυνάμεις διαδηλωτών συνεκρότησαν διαδήλωσιν κατευθυνθείσαν acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term Πεδίον Άρεως προς on κατάθεσιν στεφάνου. Αποσπάσματα Ιταλογερμανικά 1 (and Based, therefore, “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urbanthis gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification συνεκρούσθησαν μετά διαδηλωτών χρησιμοποιήσαντα πολυβόλα, υπάρχουν 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (in the areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal from (in various δε θύματα.asΈτεραι χιλιάδες διαδηλωτών, άνω των δέκα, κατευθύνθησαν εις Sociology well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, το Πανεπιστήμιον και usually αφού άπαντες εγονυπέτησαν έστεψαν ανδριάντας ways), of social groups, of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of Ρήγα και Πατριάρχου Γρηγορίου. Ολόκληρος πόλις ενεφανίσθη πρωΐαν the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof εθνικής εορτής με τοίχους φέροντας επιγραφάς δι’ofων νίκαι whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising landεξήροντο prices (and the potential relative Συμμάχων. Επηκολούθησε σωρεία συλλήψεων. Ανεκοινώθη Κάϊρον και potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Λονδίνο. The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Σπ. old ΚΑΠΕΤΑΝΙΔΗΣ the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus residents areof ΤΗΛΕΓΡΑΦΗΜΑ London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. 2171 ΑΓΚΥΡΑ Απριλίου 1943, ώρα 21.06 being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this7phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Κατά περιελθούσας μοι πληροφορίας κάτοικοι A description of this phenomenon is includedάπαντες inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations in Κοινότητος other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Πέρδικα Φιλότα περιφερείας Αμυνταίου έλαβον όπλα και ανήλθον όρη. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Μητροπολίτης Κοζάνης παρά Γερμανών κατέφυγε ωσαύτως όρη. Since then, the issueαπειληθείς has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Εις περιφέρειαν approach Ολύμπου εσημειώθησαν νέαι σοβαραί συγκρούσεις μεταξύ comprehensive are being summarized below, from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various ισχυρών δυνάμεων Ελλήνων ανταρτών και the στρατευμάτων κατοχής. interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, following: interpretations the45.000 phenomenon of the following: Υπελογίσθησαν εις οιdue εγκαταλείψαντες Θεσσαλονίκην. Κτήματα In a sense, theof phenomenon is togentrification, a trend of a new category of social groups αυτών κατεσχέθησαν παρά Γερμανών to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Λονδίνον, Κάϊρον, Κουϊμπυσέφ. and timeΑνεκοινώθη to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS wasbetter born in Σπ. search ΚΑΠΕΤΑΝΙΔΗΣ sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where ΤΗΛΕΓΡΑΦΗΜΑ studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 19432333 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another the is due a systematic and ΑΓΚΥΡΑ 14 approach, Απριλίου 1943, ώρα 14:55 University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Ημέτερον 2171. Κατά πρώτον δεκαήμερον Μαρτίου έξω Καλαμπάκας her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in έλαβον συγκρούσεις μεταξύ ισχυρών Ελληνικών δυνάμεων και 10th edit.χώραν Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aΙταλικών variety ofαποσπασμάτων. ways, in order Abstract. toΚατά achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, συμπλοκήν εφονεύθησαν 60(actually Ιταλοί,
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ετραυματίσθησαν πολλοί και ιταλικαί δυνάμεις ετράπησαν εις φυγήν. Βραδύτερον, κατέφθασαν εκ Τρικκάλων ισχυρότεραι Ιταλικαί δυνάμεις, αίτινες αφού εξετέλεσαν 15 ομήρους εγκατέλειψαν Καλαμπάκαν. Χωρία (Φαι)ζάκι και Ορτάλι περιοχής Τρικκάλων κα Ελασώνος εβομβαρδίσθησαν υπό Ιταλών, διότι είχον καταληφθή υπό ανταρτών. Ανεκοινώθη Λονδίνον, Κάϊρον, Κουϊμπυσέφ, Προξενείον Κωνσταντινουπόλεως. Σπ. ΚΑΠΕΤΑΝΙΔΗΣ By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS
GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns
Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,
By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS ΤΗΛΕΓΡΑΦΗΜΑ Architect 2380 ΑΓΚΥΡΑ 16 Απριλίου 1943, ώραStudent 22.30 of the School of Architecture University of Crete Ημέτερον 2340. Ισχυραί ανταρτικαί δυνάμειςTechnical ανετίναξαν προ ημερών δυο γεφύρας σιδηροδρομικής γραμμής Αθηνών - Θεσσαλονίκης μεταξύ 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Λιανοκλαδίου και approach: ΛεβαδίαςDefining κατέστρεψαν αμαξοστοιχίαν μεταφέρουσα 1. Introductory the concept ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Ιταλικόν στρατόν. the Γερμανοί απέστειλαν δευτέραν αμαξοστοιχίαν μετά ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Γερμανικού στρατού. Γενομένην νέαν συμπλοκήν εφονεύθησαν και among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ετραυματίσθησαν 80 Γερμανοί. Γερμανοί απέστειλαν τότε εκ of Θεσσαλονίκης acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term τεθωρακσιμένην αμαξοστοιχίαν, οπότε in μετά πολύωρον μάχην απεσύρθησαν 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is indicated area of Planning) (or gentrification αντάρται συναποκομίζοντες τραυματίας. indicated (in the area of Planning) (or 1 (and urban gentrification) gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal from this, (in various Σπ. ΚΑΠΕΤΑΝΙΔΗΣ Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, from this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement there ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Οι θυσίες the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof Ιδού λοιπόν, πως αντιμετωπίσαμε εισβολείς στηνprices Πίνδο, τους whatever other consequences has, resultsτους also rising of land (and the potential relative speculation). νικήσαμε στον Μοράβα και στην Τριμπεσίνα, τους σταματήσαμε potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to εμβρόντητους σταtrend οχυρά της atpeople Θράκης της τους The term gentrification found first in the UK in earlyΜακεδονίας, 1960s and itareas refers the then observed ofiswealthy to και buy property in poor ofto αποδεκατίσαμε, καίτοι σιδηρόφρακτους, στην Μεγαλόνησο, τους πολεμήσαμε the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof κατά την διάρκεια της κατοχής. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Όλα αυτά, βεβαίως, δεν έγιναν χωρίς θυσίες. Χιλιάδες είναι οι Ruth νέοι being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist βλαστοί των οποίων τα οστά λευκάζουν σε ολόκληρη την Ελλάδα, την οποία A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major έβαψαν με το αίμα τους αγωνιζόμενοι υπέρ Πατρίδος. Όλους αυτούς τους cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities inτους Western countries, bypreoccupied other Ήρωες τύλιξε ένα σάββανο, μίαResearchers. λάμψη,several μία αιωνία δόξα. and for its more Since then, the issue has scholars Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more Βεβαίως ηapproach Ελλάδα δεν το τελευταίο πεδίο μαχών. comprehensive areήταν being summarized below, from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: η interpretations the διάφορα phenomenon thecategory following: 1944, DΑκολούθησαν γεγονότα και την 6 Ιουνίου In a sense, theof phenomenon isπολεμικά dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Day, έγινε η απόβαση στην Νορμανδία της Γαλλίας, η οποία συνέβαλε to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money ουσιωδώς πολέμουtoεντός της Ευρώπης, η μάχη της and time to στην travelλήξη fromτου the purlieus downtown, where work place is, Ίβο lack Τζίμα of the termat comes from Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for was born in τον 1. Φεβρουάριο καιdistributed τον Sociologist Μάρτιο 1945, κατά την οποία σκοτώθηκαν 21.703 sense ofThe safety the residencies outside town centres, better Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services ofκαι health, education, entertainment the heart of the (possibly) Ιάπωνες 17.909 Αμερικανοί Στρατιώτες,“at η αυτοκτονία τουcity”, Χίτλερ την 30η Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for η markets, lower living cost of, “withdrawal” private car access to etc.where Μαΐου 1945, η Απριλίου 1945, η παράδοση τηςfrom Γερμανίας όρων την studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and άνευ Neweasier York she came8 back to London, η in According 1943 she ατομικών published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she teacher in to another approach, phenomenon is due tobecame a systematic and ρίψη δύο βομβών απόthe τους Αμερικανούς στην Χιροσίμα (6the University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and η long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Αυγούστου 1945) και στο Ναγκασάκι (9 Αυγούστου 1945) και η her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. α Σεπτεμβρίου and selling realCOLLINS estate, for theCodepreciation initially of1945, part of urban web, in ηthe οποία ήταν η συνθηκολόγηση της etc., Ιαπωνίας την 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd.2London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually
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τελευταία πράξη του δράματος σε ένα θέατρο πολέμου του παραλόγου με θεατές ολόκληρη την Ανθρωπότητα.
GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, Types intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Σε σχέση με τις απώλειες σε of ανθρώπινες ζωές αναφέρονται ενδεικτικώς τα εξής: Concerns Στρατιώτες των Συμμαχικών Δυνάμεων:
Αυστραλία 23.400 άνδρες, Βέλγιο 12.000, Γαλλία και Ελεύθερες Γαλλικές Δυνάμεις 210.000, Γιουγκοσλαβία 300.000, Ελλάδα 88.300, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS 2, Η.Π.Α. 407.000, Καναδάς 43.000, Λουξεμβούργο Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο 403.000 Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr.7.900, George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS 4.000, Νέα Ζηλανδία 11.625, Ολλανδία Πολωνία 123.000, Σοβιετική Architect Student of the School of Architecture Ενωση 10.000.000, Τσεχοσλοβακία 46.000 κ.ά. Technical University of Crete Από πλευράς των Δυτικών Συμμάχων Χωρών οι νεκροί στρατιώτες υπολογίζονται σε 16.200.000. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Στρατιώτες approach: των Χωρών του Άξονος: 1. Introductory Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, Βουλγαρία (μέχρι το έτος 1944) 9.000, Γερμανία 5.000.000, Ιταλία ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other heritage left us,1.000.000. he established(444 a great the (μέχρι το έτοςwise 1943) 60.000,he Ιαπωνία among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Συνολικώς, οι νεκροί των Χωρών Άξονος acquisition of knowledge starts withΣτρατιώτες theindefinition of the content ofτου concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term υπολογίζονται σε 7.000.000, ενώ το in σύνολο οι the οποίοι 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first,των if (in notΣτρατιωτών, final, approach, term urban gentrification) is indicated the area of Planning) (or gentrification έπεσαν στα πεδία μαχών ανέρχεταιis σε 23.000.000 των 1 (andτων gentrification urban gentrification) indicated (in theκαι areaτο ofσύνολο Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various νεκρών σε 80.000.000. Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Περί τωνgroups, οικονομικών διαστάσεων του σημειώνεται,ofότι τα ways), of social usually of low-income andπολέμου thethis placement artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of μεγέθη είναι απλώς αστρονομικά, αγνοηθείσης εντελώς της προτροπής του the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof Ταλλεϋράνδου, ότι τα έθνη has, πρέπει να also πράττουν το δυνατόν whatever otherspeculation). consequences results rising of όσον land prices (and the potential relative μεγαλύτερον καλόν το εν προς το έτερον εν καιρώ ειρήνης και την ελαχίστην potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to χημίαν καιρώ πολέμου… Theενterm gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Ως προς την οικονομική διάσταση του to πράγματος σε επίπεδο Ελλάδος the then observed trend wealthy people buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof απλώς αναφέρεται, ότι κατά την διάρκεια της κατοχής: London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. - Οι εν “squeezed”. κυκλοφορία ευρισκόμενες δραχμές κατάofτην έναρξη Ruth του being indirectly A description of this phenomenon is included in the work Sociologist πολέμου αυξήθηκαν κατά οκτώ εκατομμύρια διακόσιες εβδομήντα έξη A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major χιλιάδες φορές. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in- Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Η τιμήthe της χρυσής λίρας αυξήθηκε μετά scholars την έναρξη Since then, issue has several andτου for πολέμου its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more κατά εξακόσια τριάντα τρίαare εκατομμύρια πεντακόσιες χιλιάδες φορές. comprehensive approach being summarized below, from the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the Οι τιμέςofτων αυξήθηκαν μετά τηνthe έναρξη του πολέμουvarious κατά interpretations the τροφίμων phenomenon of gentrification, following: interpretations the phenomenon the following: τριακόσια πέντε εκατομμύρια ογδόντα τέσσερες χιλιάδες In a sense, theof phenomenon isεννιακόσιες dueof togentrification, a trend of a new category of social φορές. groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money κατά εκτιμήσεις της Διάσκεψης τουplace έτους 1947 εις and timeΕξto άλλου, travel from theτις purlieus to downtown, where work is, lack of the 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS wasbetter born Παρισίους γιαatcomes τις το συνολικό ύψος υλικών ζημιών, τωνin sense safety theεπανορθώσεις, distributed residencies outside townτων centres, search for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heartτης of the city”, (possibly) εξόδων κατοχής και των κυβερνητικών δαπανών Ελλάδος κατά το Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, 2 she published in According 1943 studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and Περιλαμβανομένων και τουλάχιστον 374 Ελλήνων της Κύπρου, ταφέντων στην Κύπρο, University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying στην Ελλάδα, στην Κίνα, στην Σιγκαπούρη κ.ά. Βλ. ιδιαιτέρως ενδιαφέροντα στοιχεία, μεταξύ her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. άλλων, στο:Wil. Γιώργος ΓEΩΡΓΗΣ: ηAND Επόμενη Μέρα: οι πρώτες αντιδράσεις στην Κύπρο μετά and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web,την in 10th edit. SONS Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: κήρυξη του Ελληνοϊταλικού Πολέμου. Γραφείο Τύπου και Πληροφοριών Κύπρου: Ο Β΄ Παγκόσμιος G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually
8
Πόλεμος, μέσα από τον Κυπριακό Τύπο. Λευκωσία, 2016, σελ. 35 - 63.
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διάστημα του πολέμου και της κατοχής υπερέβη τα 8.451.833.000 δολλάρια Η.Π.Α.3
GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, Types intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Η επόμενη ημέρα, η κληρονομία του of πολέμου Ρητορική αδεία ο Β΄ Παγκόσμιος Πόλεμος προσέδωσε αξιοπιστία στο Concerns λεχθέν υπό του Ηρακλείτου εξ Εφέσου (535 - 475 π.Χ.), ότι «πόλεμος πάντων
μεν πατήρ εστί, πάντων δε βασιλεύς και τους μεν έδειξε Θεούς τους δε Ανθρώπους, τους μεν εποίησε δούλους, τους δε ελευθέρους», υπό την έννοια By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS του συνεχούς πολέμου /Harvard ανταγωνισμού μεταξύ των όντων, «ως αναγκαίου» University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS νόμου της φύσεως. Architect Student(427 of the- School of Architecture Την άποψη αυτή αποδέχετο και ο Πλάτων 345 π.Χ.) ομιλήσας Technical University of των Crete περί συνεχούς, αν και ενίοτε αφανούς και λανθάνοντος, πολέμου μεταξύ πόλεων: «τω δε έργω πάσας προς πάσας τας πόλεις αεί πόλεμον ακήρυκτον 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept κατά1. φύσιν είναι»,approach: αλλά αποκλίνων υπέρ της αποφυγής του πολέμου, ως Introductory the concept ANTISTHENIS, ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC-- 394 370 BC, Athens), προσυπογράφων τιςthe σκέψεις του Θουκυδίδου (454 π.Χ.; π.Χ.;): «ει δ’ ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the αναγκαίον ην η είξαντας ευθύς τοις πέλας υπακούσαι ή κινδυνεύσαντας among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. περιγενέσθαι, φυγών τον κίνδυνον, έναντι τουofυποστάντος τούτον, πλέον acquisition of ο knowledge starts with thein definition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term μεμπτός (εστί)». 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification Η συνειδητοποίηση των τραγικών καταστάσεων του πολέμου και των 1 (and urban gentrification) gentrification indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal from this, (in various συνεπειών του ώθησε στην αναζήτηση νέων μηχανισμών προς αποτροπή του Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ενways), τω μέλλοντι. of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of Μετά την αποτυχία «της χωλήςetc. εκ However γενετής»this (1918) Κοινωνίας των the operation of art galleries, restaurants, “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof Εθνών ναrelative αποτρέψει την έκρηξηhas, τουresults Β΄ Παγκοσμίου εγεννήθη whatever otherspeculation). consequences also risingΠολέμου, of land prices (andτην the potential η Οκτωβρίου 1945 ο Οργανισμός Ηνωμένων Εθνών, (έδρα: Νέα Υόρκη), η 24 potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to της in Ανθρωπότητας την Δευτέρα κατά τονtrend 20ο ofαιώνα The term gentrification iswealthy foundπροσπάθεια atpeople first in the UK early 1960s and itγια refers the then observed to buy property in poor areas ofto εξασφάλιση της επί γης ειρήνης, εδραζομένη επί των αρχών των Ελληνικών the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof Αμφικτυονιών. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. η Νοεμβρίου Την 4 1946 ιδρύθηκε η Οργάνωση των of Ηνωμένων Εθνών being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work Sociologist Ruth για την Εκπαίδευση, την Επιστήμη και τον Πολιτισμό (έδρα: Παρίσι). A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major α same GLASS at the period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Απριλίου 1948 συνεστήθη υπό 16 Ευρωπαϊκών Κρατών η Την 2 cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Ευρωπαϊκή Οργάνωση Οικονομικής Συνεργασίας (έδρα: Παρίσι) για τη Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Since then, issue has several scholars and for its more διαχείριση των the πιστώσεων του Μάρσαλ, (είναι οthe μετέπειτα comprehensive approach arepreoccupied beingΣχεδίου summarized below, from various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the Οργανισμός Οικονομικής Συνεργασίας και Ανάπτυξης - 1960 - στον various οποίο interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: μετέχουν και the μηof Ευρωπαϊκά Κράτη). In a sense, phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups η Απριλίου 1949 υπεγράφη στην Ουάσιγκτων υπό 12 Κρατών η Τηνto4the to “return” city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Συνθήκη Βορείου Ατλαντικού (έδρα: Βρυξέλλες) οποία η and time toτου travel from the purlieus to(ΝΑΤΟ) downtown, where work placeστην is, lack of the 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in Ελλάδα προσχώρησε το έτος 1951. sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, “at the of the city”, (possibly) 1949entertainment συνεστήθη υπό 10 heart Ευρωπαϊκών Κρατών το Την 5η Μαΐου Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. Συμβούλιο της Ευρώπης (έδρα: Στρασβούργο), προς προαγωγή «της studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and στενώτερης ενότητας μεταξύ πασών των εχουσών τα αυτά πολιτιστικά University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 3 Βλ. άλλα στοιχεία σε: Le Sacrifices de la Grèce à la Seconde Guerre Mondiale. Athènes, G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 2014.
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns ιδεώδη Κρατών της Ευρώπης», την Προεδρεία του οποίοι αναλαμβάνει την 15η Μαΐου τρ. έτ. η Ελλάδα. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS 1951 συνεστήθη ο πρόδρομος της σημερινής Την 18η Αυγούστου Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Ευρωπαϊκής Ενωσης, η ΕυρωπαϊκήByΚοινότητα Ανθρακα και ΧάλυβαArchitect υπό 6 Student of the School of Architecture Ευρωπαϊκών Κρατών (προσωρινή έδρα: Λουξεμβούργο, πρώτος Πρόεδρος University Jean MONNET) επί σκοπώ «ανάπτυξης τηςTechnical οικονομίας καιof Crete της απασχολήσεως» εντός των Μελών της, μέσω δημιουργίας κοινής αγοράς περί 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept τα προϊόντα άνθρακα και χάλυβα, επιτρεπομένης 1. Introductory approach: Defining the conceptτης ελεύθερης κυκλοφορίας ANTISTHENIS, Εργαζομένων κ.ά. the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444great BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise1957 heritage he left us, he established the Το έτος συνεστήθη υπό των αυτών aχωρών η Ευρωπαϊκή among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Οικονομική Κοινότητα καιstarts η Ευρωπαϊκή Κοινότητα Ατομικής Ενέργειας. acquisition of knowledge with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term Ακολούθησε η Ενιαία Ευρωπαϊκή Πράξη (1985, 1986), η the οποία 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, gentrification) is the area of Planning)term (or gentrification περιελάμβανε κοινές διατάξεις για τις indicated 3 Κοινότητες, καθώς και σειρά 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) (in thefrom area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal this, (in various Συνθηκών, διευρύνσεις με προσχώρηση νέων Μελών και συγκρότηση νέων Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Οργάνων. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of Φεβρουαρίου 1992 υπεγράφη στο Μάαστριχτ η Συνθήκη για Την 7η of the operation art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof την Ευρωπαϊκή με στόχο «ένα νέο στάδιο της of διαδικασίας προς whatever otherΈνωση, consequences has, results also rising land prices (andτην the potential relative speculation). Ευρωπαϊκή Ολοκλήρωση, η οποία άρχισε με την δημιουργία των 3 potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Ευρωπαϊκών Κοινοτήτων» βασιζομένη στην Συνθήκη για την λειτουργία της The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης τουof έτους 1957, όπως αυτήproperty τροποποιηθείσα κατά the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof περιόδους ισχύει. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Η Ένωση“squeezed”. σε κοινέςis αξίες, όπως σεβασμού ανθρώπινης being indirectly A description ofβασίζεται this phenomenon included in the work of της Sociologist Ruth αξιοπρέπειας, ελευθερίας, Δημοκρατίας, ισότητας, σεβασμού των A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major ανθρωπίνων δικαιωμάτων, αλληλεγγύης και δικαιοσύνης, έχουσα ως στόχο cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, byτων other Researchers. την ειρήνη και την ευημερία Λαών της. several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andόλα forβαίνουν its more Σε ενδεχόμενη ερώτηση εάν με βάση αυτέςbelow, τις αξίες, comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various καλώς, η απάντηση είναι κάθε άλλο παρά καταφατική. interpretations of theθα phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations theμεταναστευτική phenomenon thecategory following: Η τρέχουσα κρίση την ανικανότητα του In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trendκατέδειξε of a new of social groups Συστήματος να διαχειρίζεται έκτακτες καταστάσεις επί πολυεδρικής βάσεως, to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money εν πνεύματι σύμπνοιας αλληλεγγύης, με where δυσμενείς τα and time to travel from the και purlieus to downtown, work συνέπειες place is, lackγια of the 1.of The termκαίτοι from Sociologist RuthΜέλη GLASS, Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in ασθενέστερα ισότιμα προς άλλα, της1912-1940. Ενωσης, όπως η Ελλάδα. sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, Το όραμα education, των γεννητόρων της Ηνωμένης Ευρώπης, περί (possibly) ανοικτών Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where δημοκρατικών οριζόντων, απέχει πόρρω της σχεδιασθείσης διαστάσεως. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, in According 1943Το sheεναπομένον published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. 1950 sheκαι teacher in the to another approach, the is due tobecame aαπαιτεί systematic and έργον των Επιγόνων είναι In δυσχερές σύνεση University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying και τόλμη, με Ανθρωποκεντρική προσέγγιση. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in Και τοCOLLINS πράγμα επείγει. Διότι οιLondon καιροί 2009. δεν περιμένουν. 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually
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