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Corruption, Good Governance and Economic Development: Contemporary Analysis and Case Studies
R. N. Ghosh and M. A. B. Siddique Table 2.3 Country rank
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Bribe Payers Index (BPI) 2008 Country/Territory
BPI score
1
Belgium
8.8
1
Canada
8.8
3
Netherlands
8.7
3
Switzerland
8.7
5
Germany
8.6
5
Japan
8.6
5
United Kingdom
8.6
8
Australia
8.5
9
France
8.1
9
Singapore
8.1
9
United States
8.1
12
Spain
7.9
13
Hong Kong
7.6
14
South Africa
7.5
14
South Korea
7.5
14
Taiwan
7.5
17
Brazil
7.4
17
Italy
7.4
19
India
6.8
20
Mexico
6.6
21
China
6.5
22
Russia
5.9
Source: Transparency International, 2010.
Furthermore, the 2008 BPI indicates that companies in public works and construction, real estate and property development, oil and gas, and heavy manufacturing and mining were most likely to bribe officials to get a deal done. While examining the CPI to rank a country, it was noted earlier that the scarcity and shortages of goods and services would generally provide the impetus to ‘petty’ corruption on the part of public officials. In international trade, on the other hand, the suppliers of a product or a service get involved in ‘grand’ corruption as a means of overcoming stiff competition from many players from many countries. Until recently it was possible
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