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Good Governance on Multiple Levels
Public authorities shall have regard to efficiency, effectiveness and service orientation. Within European administrative procedures due respect must be given to the principles of subsidiarity, sincere cooperation, and clear allocation of responsibilities.
(c) ReNEUAL Model Rules on EU administrative procedure in six chapters The ReNEUAL Model Rules of administrative procedure are organized into six ‘books’. These books are designed to reinforce general principles of EU law and identify—on the basis of comparative research—best practices in different specific policies of the EU. Book I addresses the general scope of application of the model rules, their relation to sector-specific rules and the member state’s law, and the definitions of wordings applied in all the summary of principles, which guide administrative behaviour, and the interpretation of all subsequent norms in Books II to VI. The latter books cover more in-depth administrative procedures in the EU that have the potential to directly affect the interests and rights of individuals. The books address non-legislative implementation of EU law and policies by means of: rulemaking (Book II), single case decision- making (Book III), contracts (Book IV), and, very important for the composite nature of EU administration, procedures of mutual assistance (Book V), and information management (Book VI).
5. Good Governance on the International Level The issue of good governance has for a long time been an important issue in the international forum. Two policy fields form the starting point of the discussion on good governance: development aid policy and financial policy. The UN is especially involved in the development aid policy and the IMF and World Bank are the leading international institutions in relation to countries’ financial policy. National representatives negotiate agreements between countries, but it is the international organizations that have become more important. In the context of international law, we see the development of elements of international administrative law. Good governance is becoming more and more important for these international organizations. In the beginning, countries which received support from these international organizations had to fulfil these norms of good governance. Of course, it is important that these organizations also abided by the norms of good governance. Indeed, this gap was addressed.91 In the following, the role of several international organizations in the development of good governance is explained. International organizations are, for our purposes, the UN, the IMF, the World Bank,92 and the OECD.93
(a) International level, different policies On the international level, different policies of various international institutions are concerned with good governance. First, we outline the definitions of good governance on the international level. Second, we examine the practical content of these norms
92 Esty 2007. World Bank 1997, 1–4. OECD, Development Assistance Committee, Final Report of the ad hoc working group on participatory development and good governance, Paris 1997. 91
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