Green Packaging : Total Integrated Waste Management
Associate Professor Dr. Phietoon Trivijitkasem Charter President /Advisory Board Chairman: Thai Bioplastics Industry Association Vice Chairman: Biotech Industry Club, The Federation of Thai Industries Fellow of “Science towards the Excellence on Bioplastics Award� by Royal Thai Senate Past Deputy Dean: Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University
3rd International Boutique Green Packaging Conference 21 November 2013 Jakarta, Indonesia
Environment Crisis Bioplastics Development Green Packaging Green Reverse Logistics Challenges
ASEAN: Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASEAN Working Group on Environmentally Sustainable Cities (AWGESC)
Vision ‘Towards environmentally sustainable cities in ASEAN’ ASEAN Vision 2020 “A clean and green ASEAN with fully established mechanisms for sustainable development to ensure the protection of the region’s environment, the sustainability of its natural resources, and the high quality of life of its peoples,” Urban environmental management Minimal land disposal of waste and move towards sustainable Dr.Phietoon production and consumption patterns.
Sustainability Definitions :
Fulfilling the needs of the present with compromising the needs of the future. Capable of being continued with minimal long-term effect on the Environment.
Corporate Social Responsibly CSR
= Corporate Social Responsibility
CESR = Corporate Environmental & Social Responsibility
- Health Conscious - Environmental Conscious Dr.Phietoon
Environmental Crucial Issues
• Global Warming / Climate Change Green House Gas (GHG)
• Natural Resource Sustainability GO GREEN : 3R Reduce / Reuse / Recycle Dr.Phietoon
Environment Crisis Bioplastics Development Green Packaging Green Reverse Logistics Challenges
Degradable Plastics 1G : Starch Blend : Biodegradable X 2G : Photo
: Degradable
Thermal : Degradable 3G : Oxo-Biodegradable
X X X
4G : Compostable Bioplastics *** Dr.Phietoon
Oxo degradable Comparable price to Conventional Plastics Conventional Plastics + Additive Disintegration Biodegradable (doubtful) Landfill & Complete Sealed
THERMOPLASTICS CONVENTIONAL PLASTICS PETROBASE
BIOBASE
BIOPLASTICS PETROBASE
BIOBASE
Dr.Phietoon
BIOPLASTICS COMPOSTABLE PETRO-BASED
PBS
BIO-BASED
PLA
NONCOMPOSTABLE BIO-BASED
BIO-BASED
COMPOUND
GREEN PLASTICS
PHOTO
LDPE D
PBSA
PHA
OXO
E
HDPE
G
PBAT
PHB
BIO
R
PCL
etc.
N
E G R
D
A
A
etc.
O
D
A
etc.
N
D
B
A
L
B
E
L E
Dr.Phietoon
Bioplastics (Conceptual)
• Compostable - Biobase - Petrobase (Reluctantly) - End outcome : Compost
• Non compostable - Biobase (Only) - Green Plastics - Renewable - Conventional Equivalent - End outcome : Carbon Credit Dr.Phietoon
Compostability Aerobic Compost --> H2o + Co2 + Biomass An-aerobic Compost --> CH4 (Biogas) + Biomass
Biodegradability OVERALL TERM
TRIGGER
GEN.TERM
DEGRADATION
DISINTEGRA TION
BIODEGRA DABLE
DEGRADABLE
BACTERIA FUNGI
BIODEGRADABLE MICRO-ORGANISM
SUN LIGHT
PHOTO
O2
Compostability END ENV.
SPEC.TERM
COMPOSTABILITY
COMPOST PLANT
STANDARD CERTIFIED
COMPOST PRODUCT
DEGRADABLE
OXO DEGRADABLE
Dr.Phietoon
Novamont Profile: approach to bioplastics RENEWABLE RESOURCES
TECHNOLOGIES at LOW ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
LIVING CHEMISTRY FOR QUALITY OF LIFE WASTE MANAGEMENT
APPLICATIONS ECONOMICALLY and ENVIRONMENTALLY SUSTAINABLE CONTRIBUTION to the SOLUTION of
ENVIRONMENTAL, TECHNICAL, ECONOMICAL ISSUES of DIFFERENT APPLICATIONS
Certification Systems DIN-CERTCO/ Organization European Bioplastic Location
German
BPI
BPS
AIB Vincotte
Jatelaito Syhdisty s
USA
Japan
Belgium
Finland
EN 13432
EN 13432
Logo GreenPLA
Standard
DIN V 54900 EN 13432 ASTM D 6400
ASTM D 6400
JIS K 6953 Or ISO 14855
Scope of Test
1. Biodegradation Test 2. Disintegration Test 3. Ecotoxicity Test 4. Chemical Characterization
Certified Logo for Compostable Plastic Product
Environment Crisis Bioplastics Development Green Packaging Green Reverse Logistics Challenges
Green Packaging
• Compostable Bioplastics
Compostable Bioplastics Life Cycle
Extrusion Coating Applications: • • • • •
Flexible packaging Industrial bags & sacks Wrapping Rigid packaging/folded board Foodservice: cups, plates, bowls
• medium barrier to fat and oil • WVTR: 250 g/m2·24h (23°C 50% RH)
Domestic Cling Wrap Applications & Properties: • • • • • • • •
Compostable 40% Renewable content No additives Transparent High tenacity, puncture resistance and elasticity Easy tear off WVTR and OTR similar to PVC Low gauges
Laminated Compostable Bioplastics
Dr.Phietoon
Dr.Phietoon
Blowfilm Inflation
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Tensile strength (N/mm2)
Elongation (%)
TD
MD
TD
MD
18
20
350
170
Jog test
Dart Impact
7-10 kg
260 grams
Carrier Bags
Bags On roll
NIA Bags
Tensile strength (N/mm2)
Elongation (%)
TD
MD
TD
MD
18
20
350
170
Jog test
Dart Impact
7-10 kg
260 grams
Shopping Bags
Zipper Bags
Tensile strength (N/mm2)
Elongation (%)
Zipper Strength (kgf)
TD
MD
TD
MD
Out
IN
16
28
370
160
2.0
2.3
Bio-Drinking Straws
Compostable Bioplastics Reusable Bag
Dr.Phietoon
Non Compostable Bioplastics
• Green Plastics (Bioplastics) • Biobased plastics
Conventional plastics++
Green Plastics Conventional Plastics Equivalence Non Compostable Carbon Credit Provider (ca. 2.5 Ton/Ton of Resin) LDPE / HDPE / LLDPE PP PET Dr.Phietoon
Bio-based Plastics • Bio-based plastics
Conventional plastics ++ ++ : Starch , Biomass etc.
Bio-based Plastics
• Compostable • Non Compostable
Bio-based Plastics (Bio-Materials > 25%)
< 75%
> 25%
< 75% of Bio- Materials : Compostable Bioplastic (None biobased) ie. PBAT, PBS Conventional Plastics • > 25% of Bio-Materials : • Non-compostable Bioplastic (Green Plastics) • Compostable Plastics (Biobased) ie. PLA or PBS (in near future) • Corn Starch, Tapioca etc. • Plant Fiber • Cellulose
Bio-based Plastic Product
PET Sustainable Packaging : Renew and Recycle Green plastics + Conventional plastics (30%)
(70%) Dr.Phietoon
Two Steps Toward 100% PlantBottle 30% from bio-MEG – Now Commercial Oil
Paraxylene (PX)
(TA) 70% PET
Sugarcane
Ethanol
Ethylene
Recycle
(MEG) 30%
Injection and Blow Molding
30% Bio-Based 30% PlantBottle
70% from bio-TA – R&D Programs Bio-mass
Precursor
Recycle
(TA) 70% PET
Bio-mass
Precursor
(MEG) 30%
Injection and Blow Molding
100% Bio-Based 100% PlantBottle
“Material Carbon” footprint of plant-based PET (Cont.)
Equivalence calculations : • driving 3 million passenger vehicles each year • consuming ca. 2 billion gallons of gasoline each year • consuming 40 million barrels of oil each year • using electricity in 2.4 million homes each year
Dr.Phietoon
Bio-Mass Products
• Compostable • Non Compostable
Green Reverse Logistics
Direct : products maker (Manufacturers) Indirect : municipal / third parties
Dr.Phietoon
â&#x20AC;&#x153;ALL WIN MODELâ&#x20AC;? Total Integrated Waste Management
Decrease Global Warming Natural Resource Sustainability
Dr.Phietoon
Integration Management of Plastics Waste six major players :
The Bioplastics Resin Industry
Government
End Users (Supermarket etc.)
Municipal (The third parties )
Consumers (House wife)
Recycle plants
Dr.Phietoon
The Bioplastics Resin Industry
Fully promoted by the government with taxation benefit. Gain â&#x20AC;&#x153;Adderâ&#x20AC;? duplicating the same concept as giving to renewable energy plants as both are serving eco friendly issues. Bioplastics Resin price can be reduced comparable to conventional plastics and will be marketable.
End Users (Supermarket etc.)
Allow to reduce tax by deducting the factor of 2-3 from the buying expenses for compostable bioplastics products as CSR project for society. Able to save cost from the give away bag expenses substantially as housewife will bring their own reusable bag. Give special discount for ones who bring their own reusable bag for shopping.
Consumers (House wife)
Have to join domestic waste separation program strickly. As a token, will be given free garbage and reusable shopping bags as following types and quantities each month. â&#x20AC;˘ 3 big garbage bags â&#x20AC;˘ eg. : one yellow bag for plastics waste one blue bag for paper waste one hazy bag for bottle / can waste (municipal will come to pickup every 3-4 weeks.)
Consumers (House wife) (Cont.) â&#x20AC;˘ 6 green compostable bioplastic bags for organic / food waste . (municipal will come to pickup every week) â&#x20AC;˘ 2 shopping bags ie.compostable bioplastics and conventional. (After reusing both shopping bags till they are worn out then can be used as a garbage bag for specific organic and dry waste respectively) As a token, housewife will get discount when they bring along their own reusable bag for shopping.
Municipal (The third parties ) Gain more clean conventional plastics waste and get higher value from recycle plant. Gain better organic waste in compostable bioplastic bags then all together can be compostable into good fertile soil or organic fertilizer with higher value. After gaining certain record their may give open bidding for concession to recycle plants that they can collect the recycle wastes direct from each house by themself. After giving concession, then just only organic waste will be collected and administration & logistics cost can be saved substantially. Reducing substantial solid waste from incineratior that can provide good environment to the atmosphere and reduce cost of public health substantially as well.
Recycle plants
Gain good quality and clean recycle wastes to reach more productivity and convenience. May get the concession of direct collecting the recycle wastes ie. conventional plastics, paper, glass bottles and cans from every house in a certain concessive territory.
Government
Strongly campaign for domestic waste separation seriously. Give new regulation for TV and radio to provide at least one minute in every hour on air of broadcasting with video clip or radio spot for CSR programs. CSR program will cover good information & knowledge for the public in nation wide basis with following content e.g.: • Education on social responsibility. • Domestic waste separation program. • Convention plastic with safety & maximization usage.
Government (Cont.) • Bioplasts both compostable & noncompostable with safety & maximization usage. • Going green : 3R & renewable. • Global warming & climate change. • Natural resource sustainability. • Democracy with proper & safety application. • Election with higher ethic, duty & responsibility. • Long term saving. • Insurance in proper usage. • Etc…..
Must be Integrated Government : - Public campaign on TV/ Radio - Adder for resin manufacture. - Allow double/triple expense tax reduction. - Reduce Chemical fertilizer substantial import amount (USDL 3B). - Save public health substantial budget (air pollution).
Manufacture: marketable with resonable price.
Must be Integrated (Cont.) User : -Buy products with double/triple expense tax reduction. - Give discount for customer carrying own bag. - Save cost of give away bags (5 B pcs)
Consumer : - Get free bags for waste separation and shopping. - Get discount when shopping with their own bag.
Municipal : - Reduce incineratior (global warming). - Provide bags for waste separation in every house.
Must be Integrated (Cont.) -
Collect organic waste in compostable bioplastics bags to compost plant.
- Sale
organic fertilizer/fertile soil from compost.
-
Get concession fee substantially from recycle plant.
-
Save logistics cost on recycle waste collection.
Recycle Plant : -Pay concession fee for collecting recycle waste direct from every house. -Gain better quality recycle waste with higher productivity and price .
Environment Crisis Bioplastics Development Green Packaging Green Reverse Logistics Challenges
Thailandâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Challenge Opportunity
Sufficiency Economy Green Economy / Low Carbon Economy Regional Bioplastics Production Hub - Compostable Bioplastics - Green Packaging Dr.Phietoon
Compostable Bioplastics Polylactidacid (PLA) 3-step process Enzyme
Glucose Tapioca Starch (Cassava root)
Fermentation
Lactic Acid
Catalyst
PLA
Polybutylenesuccinate (PBS) 3-step process Enzyme Tapioca Starch (Cassava root)
Catalyst
Fermentation
Glucose
Succinic Acid
Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHAs) 2-step process Enzyme
Tapioca Starch (Cassava root)
Glucose
Bacteria
PHAs
PBS
CASSAVA ROOT
Dr.Phietoon
World Cassava & Tapioca
Cassava Production 2010
Tapioca Export 2006 - 2010 Source : FAOSTAT
Thank you for your attention A better tomorrow
starts today. Safety and legality can not negotiate
drphietoon@gmail.com