November/December 2012 by Plumbing and HVAC

Homebuilders Issue

Publication Mail Agreement #40063170. Return postage guaranteed NEWCOM Business Media Inc. 451 Attwell Drive, Toronto, Ontario M9W 5C4

Factory-built homes Growing sector offers new opportunities for contractors

INSIDE ■ Ontario sets new trade fees ■ Plumbing code changes proposed ■ Poor piping can sink good design ■ Buyers’ market for new contractors

NOV/DEC 2012

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■ Contents

Homebuilders Issue

Departments Hot Seat .........................................5 Industry News ..............................7 Ontario trade fees announced

People & Places............................34 Wholesaler celebrates 75 years

Shop Management......................37 It’s a buyer’s market

Coming Events.............................38 AHR Expo slated for Dallas

Products & Technologies Trucks for the Trade.....................12 Heating ........................................17 Hot Water Heating .....................22 Refrigeration ...............................24 Plumbing ......................................27

The best and brightest

Apprenticeship program geared for success

Features

Faucets & Fixtures .......................29 Tools & Instruments ....................31

The new cargo vans

Nissan launches smaller contractor van

Cover: Modular design is revolutionizing new home construction.

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Tales from the pit Solving water woes with a sump pump

Today’s air handlers

Solving difficult HVAC applications November/December 2012 – Plumbing & HVAC

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■ Hot Seat

November/December 2012 Volume 22, Number 8 ISSN 1919-0395

Publisher Mark Vreugdenhil (416) 614-5819 mark@plumbingandhvac.ca

The pain of privatization The so-called privatization of electrical and gas utilities continues to cause pain for our industry. And as these former government owned ratepayer funded organizations are urged to find ways to conserve energy, they are once again eyeing the HVAC industry. After all, if you want to reduce natural gas use, replace older furnaces. If you want to cut electricity use, install more efficient air conditioning. That makes perfect sense. But it all comes down to who does the work? When the utilities use their gas and electric customers to subsidize the HVAC contracting side of their business, that’s unfair to private contractors. If they market directly to their utility customers, that too gives them an unfair advantage. One of the big problems is that utilities are not a private business in the conventional sense. Their customers aren’t customers by choice – everyone needs electricity and most of us need natural gas. They don’t have competitors either. Utility networks were built with taxpayer and ratepayer revenue to provide electricity and gas to businesses and homeowners basically at cost. That was just fine with everyone until cash-strapped ideology driven governments decided they needed to privatize these institutions and bring “competition” into the utility market. Governments in some provinces have recognized the problem and put regulations in place to limit the ability of utilities to compete directly with private businesses. However, some utilities are getting around this by creating a holding company and then forming two separate companies underneath that – one operating as a regulated utility and the other as an unregulated free enterprise company – the idea being that only the

generation/distribution side of the business is regulated. However, as Roger Grochmal, a southern Ontario contractor (AtlasCare, Oakville, Ont.) and the new chairman of the Ontario HVAC Coalition said at that group’s annual meeting recently, it’s not in the DNA of utility management to compete fairly; they are always striving for a monopoly. So how do contractors protect their market from these big players? One way is to support the contractor organizations that are pushing back and lobbying governments to maintain a level playing field. If unfair competition from utilities is happening in your area, take it to your local contractor organization. Another key is to talk to municipal politicians. The utility typically reports to them and they may not be aware that the utility is competing with local private businesses. This has already proven very effective with some smaller utilities. But there is also something utilities can do. I don’t want to paint them all with the same brush. Some have gone to considerable lengths to work with local contractors. The utilities can play a positive role in marketing, lead generation and rebates to promote their green initiatives. But as I said in the beginning, it’s all about who does the work. And with that, I’d like to wish all of our readers and advertisers a wonderful Christmas and a prosperous year in 2013!

Editor Simon Blake (416) 614-5820 simon@plumbingandhvac.ca Design and Production Tim Norton production@plumbingandhvac.ca Production Manager Lilianna Kantor (416) 614-5815 lily@newcom.ca Circulation Manager Pat Glionna Corporate Services Anthony Evangelista

PLUMBING & HVAC Magazine is published eight times annually by NEWCOM Business Media Inc. and is written for individuals who purchase/ specify/approve the selection of plumbing, piping, hot water heating, fire protection, warm air heating, air conditioning, ventilation, refrigeration, controls and related systems and products throughout Canada.

NEWCOM Business Media Inc. 451 Attwell Drive, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M9W 5C4 Tel: (416) 242-8088 • Fax (416) 614-8861

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We acknowledge the financial support of the Government of Canada through the Canada Periodical Fund (CPF) for our publishing activities. A member of: Canadian Institute of Plumbing & Heating Canadian Circulation Audit Board Mechanical Contractors Assoc. of Canada Ontario Plumbing Inspectors Association American Society of Heating Refrigerating & Air Conditioning Engineers Heating Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Institute of Canada Refrigeration Service Engineers Society of Canada

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■ Industry News

Ontario sets trade fees Controversial college moves ahead amidst political uncertainty By Simon Blake trades, as well as promote trade careers. The mandate is “to self-regulate the skilled trades in the public interest,” said Guthrie, who was previously CEO of the Saskatchewan Apprenticeship and Trades Commission. The Ministry will continue to approve and monitor training institutions.

Better enforcement

Work is proceeding rapidly at the massive eight-building Canary District on Toronto’s waterfront, reported EllisDon construction manager Tim Dittmar, P.Eng., here leading a media tour. The design-build project will be home to 10,000 athletes for the 2015 PanAm games prior to being finished as condos. he Ontario College of Trades has announced membership fees for apprentices, journeymen and contractors as a looming election threatens its future. In the compulsory trades the fees, which start in April, will be $60 per year for apprentices, $120 a year for “journeypersons” and $120 per year for employers. Tradesmen in non-compulsory trades are also being asked to pay $60 per year. Employer membership is optional. There is a $150 fee to do the certificate of qualification exam and a $25 fee to replace a lost certificate. Journeymen holding more than one certificate of qualification will only pay one fee. Multiply these fees by the approximately 500,000 people working in 157 trades – everything from hair dressers to HVAC mechanics – across Ontario, and this should cover the college’s $22 million budget for 2013, remarked Bob Guthrie, registrar and CEO of the college at a public information session attended by 46 contractors and industry personnel in Mississauga, Ont. on Nov. 1. However, only about 200,000 work in compulsory trades, with membership optional for non-

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compulsory trades. Guthrie expects that many of those will want to get their certificate for credibility with their customers. Hosted by the Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Institute of Canada (HRAI), the meeting is one of a number that took place across Ontario in November. Guthrie and Linda Jones, manager, standards and assessment, for the Ontario Ministry of Training Colleges and Universities, were on hand to clear misconceptions. The initiative has been controversial with provincial Conservative leader Tim Hudak calling it a “tax grab” and promising to scrap it if elected. An election is expected within a year following the resignation of Premier Dalton McGuinty. Many in the industry haven’t warmed to the concept either. “The College of Trades remains unknown to many in the industry and many questions remain,” remarked Martin Luymes, HRAI director of programs and relations. It is designed to make the trades selfgoverning, similar to professional associations for teachers, doctors, etc. It will create and administer regulations, apprenticeship ratios and curriculum for the

One of the college’s mandates is to improve enforcement against individuals working in the compulsory trades without a license. There will be a public registry of licensed tradesmen, meaning that a homeowner, for example, can go to the college website to find out if the plumber quoting his project is actually licensed. However, the college must still convince the province to give it the authority to levy fines, noted Guthrie. “That should be the first priority,” remarked one contractor. “We have too many companies that operate openly and don’t have certification, safety equipment…” Guthrie acknowledged that the college is also in discussions with the Technical Standards and Safety Authority (TSSA) to work out overlapping jurisdictions. He said he would like to see TSSA regulate equipment and specifications while the college looks after training and certification.

Unreasonable ratios One contractor noted that journeyman/apprentice ratios that require as many as four journeymen per apprentice severely restrict contractors from hiring new workers. Those ratios are currently under review by the college. Another concern was undue union influence. Guthrie noted that of 21 members of the college’s Board of Governors, only eight have union connections. However, he conceded, “unions take apprenticeship seriously, but the opportunity is open to anyone.” Luymes added: “The non-union sector needs to step up if they don’t want too much union influence.” The HRAI Contractors Division is doing just that, although it hasn’t decided whether to support the College or not and will wait to see what its members want. However, Luymes acknowledged that reform to the apprenticeship system in Ontario is long overdue and that more industry control should be a good thing. Guthrie is confident that once people understand the reasons behind the College, they will support it. “This is setting the pattern for the future of apprenticeship by putting it firmly in the hands of the industry.” For more information, visit www.collegeoftrades.ca. ✚

November/December 2012 – Plumbing & HVAC

■ Industry News

Plumbing Code changes proposed Proposed changes in the 2010 Model National Plumbing Code should make life easier for building owners and drain cleaning contractors, while requiring more thought in laying out horizontal drains. Listed among proposals published for public review by the Canadian Commission on Building and Fire Codes (CCBFC) from Sept. 24 to Nov. 16, the change would require an additional cleanout for every cumulative horizontal change in direction exceeding 135 degrees. Currently, there is no restriction on the number of changes in direction without a cleanout. Excessive changes increase the likelihood of blockage, even more so today with low flow faucets and fixtures, and make the drains more difficult to clean. By limiting direction changes to 135 degrees, code officials hope to discourage unnecessarily complicated systems. “The cost of a cleanout is far less than potentially having to break up a concrete floor in order to access a blocked pipe where a cleanout has not been provided,” code officials note. The change should also make life

easier for building inspectors who will now have clear instructions on where cleanouts should be located and how many should be provided. The revised code will also allow dual vents, in addition to single vents, to terminate with air admittance valves.

Stainless piping added A considerable number of proposed changes are designed to make stainless steel pipe and tubing an acceptable material for plumbing systems. It is already accepted in a number of jurisdictions (Sect. 2.2.5). The new code will also include welding requirements for stainless steel pipe, support requirements for horizontal

piping and insulation of stainless steel pipe supports. There is also a new reference to non-perforated polyethylene (PE) and Type 1 joints in storm sewer and drainage pipe fittings. And there are new best practices for insulating pipes against freezing. The National Plumbing Code is part of Canada’s National Model Construction Codes and Guides, which are typically adopted in whole or part by each province and territory for their building codes. They are created by the CCBFC, an independent committee of volunteers, many from industry. For more information, visit www.ationalcodes .nrc.gc.ca. ✚

In Brief New Energy Star rules The new 2012 Energy Star for New Homes standard will allow contractors more flexibility in designing HVAC systems. Effective Dec. 1, an Energy Star home must be 20 percent more efficient than the minimum standard allowed by the applicable code, as established using a reference standard based on a home built to minimum requirements. However, the contractor doesn’t necessarily have to use Energy Star approved equipment to achieve the performance standard. A core “Builder Option Package” is also available and does specify equipment if the contractor prefers to go that route.

Apprenticeship Forum to continue The Canadian Apprenticeship Forum (CAF-FCA) has announced that it will continue operation with private sector funding beyond the March 31 demise of the federally funded Sector Council Program. The group’s membership has expanded since its June annual conference in Regina, “showing that stakeholders are willing to make a financial contribution to keep (the group) doing the work we value,” reported Dave Suess, CAF-FCA chairman and apprenticeship learning advisor at Suncor Energy. Visit www.caf-fca.org or more information.

Correction Our report on the HRAI Annual Meeting in the October issue attributed a comment on “doorknockers” to the wrong person. Roger Rossi (Reliance Home Comfort) made the comment, not Roger Grochmal (AtlasCare) as we reported. We apologize for any confusion caused by our error.

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November/December 2012 – Plumbing & HVAC

■ Today’s Home Building Formstructures of Toronto installed this large modular home in one day. However, preparation and finishing took several months.

Growing sector offers opportunities for plumbing/HVAC contractors By Bruce Nagy

Factory-built modular homes

The completed $1.4 million custom home is the opposite of the cheap structures that many people envision when one mentions modular homes.

“When lumber gets wet, it wants to be a tree again, so it starts to warp,” says construction veteran Joel Swartz. This amusing perspective arises during a discussion of some of the differences with factory-built homes, which are of course, largely built indoors. A close look reveals there are several advantages to this method of building. And if new construction in Canada continues to strengthen, its recovery will be led in part by this segment. Industry Canada, the Canadian Labour Congress, and others that provide construction statistics report that the industry in general has recovered gradually since 2009 and will grow by more than two percent this year and next. Factory-built homes, however, are experiencing significantly faster growth in Canada and worldwide. According to the Canadian Manufactured Building Institute, 14,427 factory-built single-family homes were started in 2011, 22 percent more than in the previous year and accounting for 12.5 percent of all single-family home starts in Canada. Britco, a B.C. modular builder with four factories is now the second largest such builder on the continent. Its parent company was just named the 29th fastest growing company in B.C., with revenues almost doubling in one year. Champion Home Builders in Michigan has 2,500 employees and reports that it has built 1.7 million homes. This is big business. “When I was first approached regarding factory-built homes I was doubtful,” says Swartz, a professional engineer and owner of Formstructures in Ontario. “I’ve been building high-end homes for 25 years. I thought these were low quality trailers. Then I visited the factory and I couldn’t believe the attention to detail and the high quality.”

Plumbing & HVAC – November/December 2012

His company recently completed a modular home in Toronto that is priced at $1.4 million. It was installed in a single day, although the prep and finishing process took several months.

Indoor construction Plumbing and heating systems for a factory-built home are not much different than a home built outside, but the process is different. Not all manufacturers are the same, but most try to build large chunks with everything finished inside. This means vents, fans, ductwork, sinks, faucets, toilets – they’re all installed in the factory. In a few regions mechanical trades at first claimed this took business away, until they realized that everything is still installed by plumbers and HVAC professionals, but in a plant rather than on a job site. They don’t have to travel to a different site for each project, or struggle against the weather while working. From the homeowner and builder point of view, costs and timelines are more predictable, because it’s easier to control and manage inventories and material deliveries with a factory. There are very few delays or cost overruns, according to manufacturers. “Even if we get a foot of snow, we’re still on schedule,” says Geno Koopman, owner of Mountainview Industries Ltd. in Cardston, Alberta. “And if we get behind schedule we can just put on a second shift, turn up the lights and build at night.” The company is building about 30 homes each year and growing quickly. “We also build the conventional way outside, but we will soon stop,” says Koopman. “Waste is easier to manage. The whole process is more efficient inside.”

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them. You also have to connect the ponytails in the basement to the furnace, HRV, and water heater. It’s a bit different than usual; but any trade professional can adapt quickly.” Of course leveling the building is a critical part of installing a modular home. Plumbers will often check sink and tub drainage during this process.

Passing the inspection

Indoor construction means working in the same comfortable environment every day for the trades. Because the homes are built indoors, there’s no rush to close them in to protect the interior from the environment. “We build the house in reverse,” noted John Coppens, chief designer at Guildcrest Homes in Morewood, Ontario. “We put the drywall up first (before exterior sheathing) so the plumbing and HVAC guys can work on the inside, while the electricians are working on the outside. It’s quick and they’re not tripping over each other.” Guildcrest is one of the country’s largest

modular homebuilders and was recently acquired by the Pro-Fab Group of SaintApollinaire, Quebec, which has installed more than 7,000 factory-built homes. The merger creates another significant player in this fast-growing segment. “There are differences on-site,” says Swartz. “For example with a two-storey building, when the second section comes down on top of the first, there will be diffuser boots in the floor duct lying on the ceiling of the ground floor. You have to reach through the boot and connect

Factory constructed homes in Canada must be CSA approved. The local inspector is still responsible for ensuring the home has the necessary CSA labels and also for local building code compliance, but there is less to inspect on-site. Requirements that apply on-site relate to site preparation, foundation and anchorage. The rest of the inspections are conducted at the factory, covered by CSA standards for Procedure for Factory Certification of Buildings and MH Series, Manufactured Homes. They’re handled like an ISO audit, with unannounced factory checks four times each year.

Challenges In the 70s and 80s some modular homes were fitted with polybutylene piping

which failed and resulted in class-action lawsuits. This, plus sloppy installations, damaged the image of modular homes. The United States introduced the Manufactured Housing Improvement Act in 2000, providing a much-needed regulatory framework. The sector also suffers from an image of low quality. The reality is the reverse, according to manufacturers. Factories are highly controlled environments and there is less chance for human error than on a job site. Modular buildings are constructed in all budget categories and also for multi-unit residential, hotels, commercial buildings, additions and so on. It’s a growing trend that shows no sign of slowing. Or as one factory builder said: “Homes are one of the few things that are still built outside. I think this is going to change.” ✚ Bruce Nagy is a Toronto-based freelance writer that reports on green technologies and solutions. He can be reached at bruce.nagy@rogers.com.

Getting it to the site Obviously, one of the biggest drawbacks to building a home indoors is getting it to the job site when completed. However, companies in this business have developed considerable expertise. Complex rules cover the moving of manufactured homes and are slightly different in each The rules for moving homes on public province. However, the manufacturers we spoke with roads can be complex. were accustomed to the task and regarded compliance as routine. Regulations govern widths, heights, and lengths, depending on vehicles, trailers, combos, and so on. Generally, if the load is bigger than the identified maximums the home mover may need a moving permit, an escort vehicle or even two escort vehicles. In some areas there are restrictions on hours, days, weekend or holiday moves; in some regions certain months are prohibited due to weather and wildlife. Usually certain markings, decals, signs, flashing lights and flags are required. Some regulations define the particular highways that may be used for different load sizes. In 2008 the Atlantic Provinces signed a memorandum of understanding to harmonize rules, making it easier for operators to drive through different provinces without having to change procedures along the way.

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November/December 2012 – Plumbing & HVAC

■ Trucks for the Trade

The new

cargo vans

New players, new vehicles offer contractors expanded selection By Simon Blake

he number of manufacturers in the cargo van market has increased in recent years, but some contractors struggle to find a van that isn’t too big or too small to replace the popular Chevrolet Astro and GMC Safari mid-sized vans, many of which now have umpteen thousands of kilometres on them. Some are finding a way to make the new smaller cargo vans work. In 2013, Nissan will add its own version to compete with those currently produced by Ford and Chrysler.

Small vans Introduced to the North American market at the Chicago Auto Show last February, the Nissan NV200 Compact Cargo Van is aimed squarely at the market occupied by Ford’s Transit Connect and the commercial version of Chrysler’s Caravan mini-van. “There is an increasing need for a ‘right-sized’ van that optimizes cargo space while offering the best possible fuel economy and an affordable price,” said Nissan Canada’s Michael Colleran. Already available in over 40 countries around the world, Nissan has modified the NV200 for the North American market by extending the body eight inches (20 cm) to bring cargo capacity to 123 cubic feet (3.5 cubic metres). Measuring about 15-1/2 feet long, the wheelbase is 115 inches and carrying capacity is 1,500 lbs. (680 kg). It is designed so that a standard 40x48 pallet can easily be loaded in the back. There are integrated mounting points for shelving, sliding doors on both sides and 40/60 split rear doors that open to 90 and 180 degrees. The centre console includes space for a laptop and hanging file folders. Options include built-in GPS, Bluetooth communications, pre-wiring for Nissan’s Fleet Tracker system and a rear-view monitor. A 2.0 litre 16-valve four-cylinder engine provides power. The NV200 is manufactured in Mexico.

The new Nissan NV200 gives contractors another option in small vans.

Forty/sixty split rear doors on the NV200 make loading easier.

Ford Transit Introduced in 2009 as a 2010 model, contractors were skeptical about Ford’s little Transit Connect at first. But, as we previously reported (Little Wonder, P&HVAC April, 2012), contractors have begun to embrace Ford’s small van for their service techs thanks to a 50 percent fuel savings over a full-sized van and the ease of driving and parking in busy downtown areas. The Transit Connect brought significant advantages by being designed from the ground up as a work van. Thus, it has things like commercial grade tires and suspension

Plumbing & HVAC – November/December 2012

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The technician can stand up in the raised roof version of the Nissan NV.

Chevy’s Express van offers some new cold weather features.

along with swing-out rear doors. There are no major changes for 2013. The Transit Connect has 130 cubic feet of cargo space and a payload of 1,600 lbs. Ford’s Crew Chief electronics allow the contractor to dispatch and monitor vehicles. A four-cylinder two-litre engine provides power through a four-speed automatic transmission. The Transit Connect is manufactured in Turkey.

It’s hard to beat a full-sized van for interior space. This is Ford’s E-Series.

Extendable mirrors on the E-Series are a nice touch, particularly for trailer towing.

The Dodge Ram offers an impressive payload for a small van.

Dodge Ram Chrysler has been refining the cargo van version of its popular Caravan for many years. It offers 155.5 cubic feet of cargo space – enough to easily carry 4x8 plywood sheets – and an 1,800 lb. payload. A 3.6 litre 283 horsepower V-6 provides power to the wheels through a six-speed transaxle. New for 2013, the driver can now select a fuel economizer mode, which changes the transaxle shift schedule and enables 25-mpg fuel mileage, only two mpg less than the Transit Connect. And, unusual for a small van, it has a significant trailer towing capacity of 3,600 lbs. It features dual sliding side doors. However, the Dodge Ram’s biggest handicap has always been its mini-van style rear lift gate. Swing-out rear doors and perhaps a little more roof height would greatly increase the Dodge Ram’s appeal. The Dodge Ram Cargo Van is built in Windsor, Ontario. General Motors has no offerings in the small van market this year, having replaced its passenger HHR van with the Orlando, but as of yet offering no commercial version to replace the HHR panel van.

for their intended purpose while sophisticated electronics have allowed new levels of fleet management along with a better ability to use the van as a mobile office. General Motors has made some useful additions to its Chevrolet Express and GMC Savana cargo vans, not least of which is a rear vision camera and rear park assist. GM vans are available in 135 and 155inch wheelbase versions with load ratings from 7,300 lbs. (3,311 kg) to 9,900 lbs. (4,490 lbs.) The 2500 and 3500 models have a trailer rating of up to 10,000 lbs. (4,535 kg).

The Mercedes-Benz Sprinter comes in several configurations.

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Please see ‘new’ on page 15

“I can’t take a leak.” “That’s why I only use Dahl valves. valves””

“We work in some of the finest homes in Toronto, and so I don’t play games with quality. It’s Dahl or nothing. Dahl people are all about solutions – just like us. If I need a special, one of a kind valve, they’ll make it up on the spot and I’ll have it the next day. That’s why I’ve insisted on Dahl products for over 40 years.”. Mark Altman M&T Mechanical North York, Ontario

Full-sized vans The full-sized van market has become increasingly crowded in recent years, despite the exit of Dodge. Ford, GM, Mercedes Benz and Nissan will all compete for the contractor’s dollars in 2013. Focus groups with contractors have made the new vans more practical

Standard engines, depending on the model, are a 4.3 litre V-6, a 4.8 – litre V-8 and a 5.3 – litre V-8. For those that need serious horsepower, a six-litre 324 hp V-8 is available. A fast-idle option makes it easier to run accessories on the job site and a special version is available for the dedicated compressed natural gas model. GM also offers its 6.6 litre 260 hp Duramax diesel, which includes some helpful cold weather functions to offer “gas engine-like start performance” at temperatures down to -29C. As well, an optional fuel operated

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November/December 2012 – Plumbing & HVAC

Freezeless AND Anti-Rupture? What’s the difference? A freezeless faucet has the shut off mechanism well within the heated portion of the home – but what if a garden hose or other device is inadvertently left connected to a faucet during freezing temperatures? Water in the tube fails to drain, this water then begins to freeze and pressure in the tube is increased as ice forms and tries to compress the water trapped in the tube. The tube ruptures and the next time the faucet is used the wall fill with water. Woodford Model 19 Freezeless Faucets have a patented pressure relief valve which allows for expansion during freezing temperatures, saving the faucet and preventing a costly repair or call back. With Woodford’s Model 19, you’re protected – even from other people’s mistakes!

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■ Trucks for the Trade

The new cargo vans Continued from page 13 heater integrated into the standard heating system warms the interior quickly for contractors working in the cold.

extended length version in a number of payload categories. Engines range from a 4.6-litre V-6 to a 305 hp 6.8 litre V-10. The transmission is a four-speed automatic with overdrive.

Ford E-Series

Mercedes-Benz Sprinter

Ford’s long running E-Series vans include a number of contractor friendly improvements for 2013. Rear cargo doors now open to 105 or 178 degrees. A new optional trailer brake controller integrates trailer braking with the vehicle’s anti-lock braking system. And the navigation system now features a 6.5-inch touch screen display as part of the instrument panel. Ford’s Crew Chief electronics package provides dispatchers with vital data to manage vehicles, dispatch drivers, keep tabs on usage patterns including idle time and keep track of vehicle maintenance. The company also offers its SYNC system, which controls smart phones and other electronic devices with hands-free voice activation. Like the Express, the ESeries is available in standard and

The Sprinter may be at the high end of cargo van price spectrum, but MercedesBenz proudly advertises that it offers the lowest overall cost of ownership when one factors in things like maintenance, insurance costs, financing costs, depreciation, etc. Originally introduced as the Dodge Sprinter, the European designed cargo van is available in 140 and 170-inch wheelbases and standard or high roof versions. A 188 horsepower six-cylinder diesel with a five-speed automatic transmission provides power. There are a number of refinements for 2013. Regular maintenance intervals, already 20,000 kilometers, have been extended to 25,000 km. A new comfort seat makes life easier for the driver while

Smaller Mercedes vans, like the new Citan, are available in other countries, but not yet in Canada. a remote control is available for the auxiliary heater.

Nissan NV Nissan’s NV is available in three models for 2013 – the NV 1500, 2500HD and 3500HD – available in standard or high roof versions. This American made (Canton, Mississippi) van includes a number of enhancements for 2013 including a full range of electronics – a five-inch touch screen navigation system, satellite radio and navigation and an integrated rearview camera.

Engine choices include a four-litre V6 and a 5.6-litre V-8, both mated to an automatic five-speed transmission. At the end of the day, the contractor needs a van that will haul everything they need to haul with minimal maintenance using as little fuel as possible. And where contractors own multiple vehicles, a fleet management system is becoming a must-have. There may be more choice today, but hopefully at some point manufacturers will address the need for a durable midsized van to replace the much-missed GM Astro/Safari vans. ✚

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■ Heating

Rapid development The new air handlers offer a solution for difficult HVAC applications By Bob Bettles and Brian Guttormson ir movement in most applications has been where individual suites with a demand water heater can mostly associated with a forced air furnace, be self-contained for their domestic heating and hot a rooftop package unit or even a booster water requirements. These small self-contained hydronic fan, but when needed from time to time an units will fit above a conventional water heater or in a air handler may be best suited for the closet or drop ceiling of a laundry room. application. Air handlers have come a long way from the In this application the AHU is using potable water earlier basic box designs with no from the domestic supply, insulation, belt-driven fan motors and eliminating the need for a guesstimate of what motor sizes and expensive PRV controls, LWC pulleys to put on to it, with the most assembly, backflow prevention What must basic least expensive control to make and separate primary loop be remembered is that it come together as a package. circulators. A search of “air handler” at Now with more requirements Wikipedia gives the following result: these units may be inand applications of use to the stalled anywhere in the growing air handler market the “An air handler, or air handling unit need for improvement was (often abbreviated to AHU), is a device building envelope. apparent. Insulated and multiused to condition and circulate air as positional cabinets, the direct part of a heating, ventilating, and airdrive motor, relays and controls conditioning (HVAC) system. An air for add-on heating and cooling handler is usually a large metal box containing a blower, systems all helped improve these systems. Warranties heating or cooling elements filter racks or chambers, sound were boosted from one year to five years as a standard attenuators, and dampers. Air handlers usually connect to to match other product in within the field. Systems a ductwork ventilation system that distributes the could be built up from a modular based blower section conditioned air through the building and returns it to the to add on air conditioning, or a heat pump and even AHU. Sometimes AHUs discharge (supply) and admit forced air hot water coil sections for a boiler system. (return) air directly to and from the space served without ductwork. Please see ‘Moving’ on page 19 Small air handlers, for local use, are called terminal units, and may only include an air filter, coil, and blower; these simple terminal units are called blower coils or fan coil units. A larger air handler that conditions 100 percent of outside air, and no recirculated air, is known as a makeup air unit (MAU). An air handler designed for outdoor use, typically on roofs, is known as a packaged unit (PU) or rooftop unit (RTU).”

A The return air plenum base is raised in this closet installation.

The use of the air handler terms originally came in the commercial marketplace with the acronyms AH, AHU or RTU — much simpler to use in the legend of mechanical spec sheets and drawings.

Residential applications We will concentrate more on the residential applications of what has become the mainstay of the condo markets

www.plumbingandhvac.ca

Six air handlers were used in this residential multi-unit application. Note shower pan below for drainage.

November/December 2012 – Plumbing & HVAC

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■ Heating

Moving air Continued from page 17 Product development brought us smaller designs and space saving cabinets that could be hung on walls or hidden in concealed spaces. With multi-position cabinets return air features went multi-positional as well, such as on the bottom and sides as had already been done with furnaces. With air conditioning becoming more of a necessity than an option for many home owners, some manufacturers saw the need for the A/C condensate to be drained away from the evaporator coil in an upflow manner, or added a reversible secondary drain pan for horizontal applications, but most now have it built in. (Check your factory spec booklet.)

Chiller coils added Some “terminal unit” manufacturers have expanded into the chilled water coils for cooling. These may be fed from a cooling tower or chiller in a large commercial space for spot heating/cooling or zones within the space. Depending on the application, these units may use individual coils for each demand or a single coil feed with a common loop within the structure. Capacity charts are provided within the manufacturer’s manuals showing heating value tables. These ratings are based on entering water temperatures ranging from 120ºF, 140ºF, and 180ºF. These water temperatures give multiple heating Btu’s in a table format depending on the pump capacity in gallons per minute (GPM). Air handlers are available that, other than the water connections, will resemble today’s high efficient gas products. These will have control boards and multiple temperature sensors to monitor water temperatures in and out of the units. If used in a potable water system, the unit will pause the heating cycle and wait for a few minutes if a high load within the building envelope causes the inlet water to drop too low. Additional sensors may be used within the software to modulate fan speeds for even comfort levels within the system. Sensors will also recognize freezing temperatures in the proximity of the water coil. If these low temperatures occur the control will turn off the air conditioning, turn on the pump and also energize an alarm relay to notify the occupants of a problem. Control board designs have further been improved with pre-wired plugs in place for added options such as air cleaners, external connections such as for dampers, added pumps, freeze protection adjustments at 38ºF to 42ºF, and pre-wired thermostat connections in low voltages.

water coil fed at domestic water pressures! A fabricated shower base with a proper sized drain is recommended. These units may be used with potable water for individual locations or, as the attached photos show, as

multiple units in larger dwellings for individual zones fed by a central boiler with a primary boiler loop and individual secondary loops to each air handler location. The possibilities are almost endless! ✚

Bob Bettles HVAC author and trainer Robert (Bob) Bettles is technical service adviser and product trainer for B&B Trade Distribution Centre. He can be reached at bbettles@bandbtrade.com.

Brian Guttormson HVAC author and trainer Brian Guttormson is technical service advisor for Trent Metals Ltd. (Supply). He can be reached at techsupport@tmlsupply.com.

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Location, location, location What must be remembered is that these units may be installed anywhere in the building envelope. As such, it is recommended to install a drain pan under these units if they are installed above a finished area! While a 1-¼inch deep drain pan with a ¾-inch poly pipe may be sufficient in most situations, in the event of a frozen evaporator coil it is not sufficient for a failed potable

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November/December 2012 – Plumbing & HVAC

even exchange

Honeywell has solutions to replace R-22. The pressure is on to phase out R-22. Now is the perfect time to switch to a Honeywell Genetron non-ozone-depleting alternative for your A/C or refrigeration application. For A/C, consider Genetron ® 407C or 422D. For Refrigeration, consider Genetron ® Performax™ LT, Genetron 422D, 404A or 507. Talk to your Honeywell distributor today to understand your options and hand-pick the R-22 replacements that will work for you.

Brenntag Canada Inc. Exclusive distributor of Genetron® refrigerants in Canada Ontario & Western Canada: Tel. No. (416) 243-9615 Fax: (416) 243-9731 Quebec & Maritime Provinces: Tel. No. (514) 636-9230 Fax: (514) 636-8229 To learn more, visit www.genetron.com. © 2012 Honeywell International Inc. All rights reserved.

â&#x2013; Heating

Product Profile Efficient residential boiler The new modulating/condensing Cadet heating boiler is designed to offer high efficiency at a relatively low cost. They are available in four standard models with gas inputs from 40,000 to 120,000 Btu/h, along with a 120,000 Btu/h combination model that includes DHW heating. These units feature a commercial-grade, ASME certified (H-stamped) heat exchanger and a lightweight, expanded

The new Cadet boiler offers high efficiency and straightforward installation

polypropylene jacket. A push-button digital control provides a constant display of actual output temperature and allows for easy adjustment of the set point. Outdoor reset maintains a steady, consistent indoor comfort level year-round. There are a number of venting options including vertical or sidewall direct venting. Air intake and exhaust venting can run up to 100 feet using polypropylene, PVC, CPVC or stainless steel, reports the manufacturer. Cadet Boiler u www.cadetboiler.com

Residential zone control The Acclimate zoning Communicating Control from Luxaire provides up to six zones of temperature and humidity control using a single zone panel. The high-definition, touch screen is designed to be used as a master and a zoning sensor. Damper flexibility includes power open/power close dampers (required when not using a bypass damper), normally open and normally closed dampers. Fan programming and airflow adjustments can be made by zone. A simplified four-wire plug-and-play design eases installation. Luxaire/Johnson Controls u www.joinluxaire.com

Quick installation Exhibited at the recent CIPHEX West show in Vancouver, the new Navien NPE Series gas condensing tankless water heater substantially reduces time and labor for a typical tankless retrofit by utilizing existing Â˝-inch gas lines and existing flue chases. These units feature dual stainless steel heat exchangers and include a buffer tank and recirculation pump, achieving an energy factor of .95. They are field convertible to propane, can be vented up to 60â&#x20AC;&#x2122; with twoinch PVC, with gas lines up to 24 feet. Navien u www.tanklessmadesimple.com

Remote access and control The Venstar Skyport Wi-Fi key for the companyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s ColorTouch commercial thermostat connects to Skyport Cloud Services and enables HVAC contractors and installers to remotely control, monitor and troubleshoot their clientsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; ColorTouch commercial thermostats. These units are compatible with iPhone, iTouch, iPad, Android, Mac and PC devices; the mobile app is free. Venstar u www.venstar.com

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■ Hot Water Heating

[

UNDER PRESSURE

]

Specifying the right gas regulator for today’s high turn-down boilers By Roy Collver

oday’s high turn-down boilers and boiler plants are really bringing gas pressure issues to the forefront. A senior gas inspector I know once said: “I always look to gas pressure as the most likely cause of a persistent problem – it’s the first thing I look for.” I have taken that sage advice to heart lately, and get out my manometer and pressure gauges as soon as I go into a boiler room – the same thing I was taught 30 years ago when I first started in the business. Some younger gas fitters look at me strangely when I drag out the old U-tube manometer and give it to them to hook up, but I soon convince them that it never lies – ever. This is serious stuff. When it comes to gas, NEVER, EVER take shortcuts or use instruments you aren’t absolutely 100 percent positive are completely accurate.

it wants to push air back into your mouth. In the case of a regulator diaphragm, there is a spring “loading element” that pushes it to stretch in one direction. The spring side of the diaphragm is at atmospheric pressure – plus the spring tension, so if we put pressure on the opposite side, it will push against the spring and un-stretch the diaphragm. The “measuring element” (orifice and valve seat) is attached to the diaphragm. When the valve seat moves away from the orifice (because the spring is pushing the valve stem), the pressure drop across the orifice is decreased, allowing more gas to flow through from the upstream to the downstream side. If more gas flows through the orifice than the appliance can take up, the excess gas starts to build backpressure, and the diaphragm pushes

Simple equipment We are living in interesting times. Gas pressure regulation equipment has both changed dramatically, and yet pretty much stayed the same. Let me explain what has stayed the same, and then what has changed. Figure 1 shows the basic components of a gas pressure regulator. These haven’t changed much. However, there are many new permutations in common use today that were rare in the past – more on that later. A basic regulator is not a complicated piece of machinery. The “measuring element” is always a flexible diaphragm that will stretch and flex in the direction of the lower pressure – think of a balloon – you blow into it, and create a higher pressure than atmospheric, which causes it to stretch outward – you squeeze it, and

We are seeing boiler rooms supplied with two and five-pound gas pressures to appliances that require only inches of pressure… back against the spring until the orifice starts to close, increasing the pressure drop and choking off the gas flow until it is balanced and the restricting element is open just enough to allow

Plumbing & HVAC – November/December 2012

Fig. 1: basic components of a gas pressure regulator. the correct amount of gas through. If the appliance turns off and no more gas is required, the back pressure exceeds the spring tension and the diaphragm pulls the seat tight up against the orifice, causing the regulator to “lock up” and completely stop the flow of gas. The spring side of the regulator requires a vent to allow the upper chamber to

breathe and vent the gas should a diaphragm rupture occur. Leak limiters allow breathing, but restrict gas escape.

Demanding requirements Regulators are designed to work best in a fairly narrow pressure range due to the spring/diaphragm relationship (you can only make a spring so short and a

www.plumbingandhvac.ca

Fig. 2: The curve shows that a regulator can only maintain an even pressure over a limited gas flow volume range.

traditionally meant that pressure is kept to a maximum of 10 percent of the operating requirement, but we have seen some issues arise lately that are causing unacceptable lock-up pressures and unstable low input pressure stability. Minimum inlet pressure upstream of the regulator should be at least one inch above the maximum adjustment range of the spring for the downstream pressure required to allow stable regulation. Fuel supply pressure problems can also create issues. A regulator orifice will only allow so much gas through it before enough pressure drop is created to decrease the downstream pressure below the acceptable minimum. You can see from the chart that once the flow exceeds the orifice capacity, the pressure just falls off the cliff. If you are seeing low pressure problems out there, please e-mail me the details, and we can attack that issue next.

Regulator sizing diaphragm so small until you lose sensitivity) and a fairly narrow flow range due to the restricting element pressure drop range (a bigger orifice/harder seat material = more flow (harder to shut off), smaller orifice softer seat material = less flow (easier to lock up) – pick one. These design restrictions are revealing problems in the field due to the demanding requirements new appliances are putting on traditionally designed regulators. The basic “main” gas regulator is designed to deliver a stable gas pressure to the inlet of an appliance, and is put in

place when the supply pressure to the boiler room is higher that that required at the appliance. If the main regulator gets “wobbly” and has problems keeping that pressure stable, then individual appliance regulators are employed. Why would the main regulator become unstable? Please see Figure 2. The curve shows that a regulator can only maintain an even pressure over a limited gas flow volume range. When there is no flow, the regulator should go into positive shut-off mode and the pressure might rise slightly until the seat seals tight. This increase in pressure has

Accurate regulator sizing considers: 1 Inlet pressure available 2 Required outlet pressure 3 Maximum flow rate required by the appliance or appliances 4 Minimum flow rate When you consider the sizing criteria above, you can see why many modern installations are presenting problems for system designers. High turn-down boilers and boiler plants are creating challenges in normal regulator sizing. We are seeing boiler rooms supplied with two and five-pound gas pressures to

appliances that require only inches of pressure and have gas valves rated for a maximum of one half pound pressures. If it all goes wrong, the appliances may see pressures far in excess of their maximum rating, causing damage to gas valve components. We need to maintain stable pressures, usually between four and 14 inches water column at widely varying flow rates. In the past, a regulator might have to deal with a turn-down of no more than four to one (turn-down = maximum flow rate divided by minimum flow rate). As soon as multiple boilers started to become common, we started to see gas pressure control issues. Add modulation to the mix and we often get turn down ratios of well over 20 to 1. Many regulators today can handle wide turndowns, but all too often in retrofit jobs, designers and installers try to re-use the existing regulator without seeing if it is up to the task. This often results in excessive lock up pressure, pressure creep and unstable low flow operation due primarily to an oversized and/or worn orifice and seat. In the next issue we will look at simple fixes to ensure your system pressure stays within specification. ✚ Roy Collver is an author and consultant on hydronic heating based in Peachland, B.C. He can be reached at hoth2o@shaw.ca

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November/December 2012 – Plumbing & HVAC

■ Refrigeration

Refrigeration piping Poor piping practices can defeat the best designs By Greg Scrivener ne of the most important parts of a refrigeration installation is unfortunately one of the most overlooked. A refrigeration system design can be immaculate, a proper evaporator-condenser match can be made using the most advanced software and the best components can be selected; none of that matters if the installer doesn’t get the piping right. Unless you happen to be working on an install with a lot of engineered refrigeration like a supermarket or industrial facility, it’s also quite likely that nobody cares either except, of course, when something doesn’t work. I have been involved with hundreds of small and medium sized refrigeration installations from restaurants with single condensing units serving

I cannot think of a single time when anyone has ever checked my piping.

I’ve had to produce painstakingly long submittals so that someone can be satisfied that the time clock will be the right voltage and am left to my own devices for things that are way more important, say the pipe sizing and suction trap locations for a walk-in cooler that has the condensing unit three stories above the evaporator. The reason these situations seem to occur in refrigeration is a subject for another day; the fact is that they are common and the refrigeration contractor is very often responsible (and sometimes also liable) for the final design of piping systems.

Refrigerant pipe installation There are a number of things we care about from a pipe design and installation perspective. For example; pipe size, pipe material, joining method, oil traps, and fitting details to name a few. These can be broken down into three categories, physical parameters, installation parameters and performance parameters. In the vast majority of non-transport refrigeration, the piping is type ACR copper and the fittings are brazed together using silfos. There are some other exotic joining materials and other piping types for specialized applications but we aren’t going to discuss these here. It wouldn’t be proper, however, to mention joining/brazing methods without the customary “50/50 and 95/5 soft solders are not appropriate for refrigeration piping, ever.” Now that that’s out of the way, let’s take a look at the particulars of refrigerant pipe installation.

Oil return critical multiple small cases (I’m not a terribly big fan of most of these set-ups by the way) to extremely high-end research facilities and I cannot think of a single time when anyone has ever checked my piping.

The biggest concern about refrigerant pipe installation is the oil return because without oil return the compressor won’t run for long. No matter whether there is an oil separator installed or not, a

certain amount of oil leaves with the refrigerant gas and we need to pipe the system in a fashion that allows it to return as efficiently as we can. Almost all oil in use today is miscible with liquid refrigerant, meaning that they mix together, so liquid lines are not of too much concern as far as oil return goes. The discharge and suction lines are where we run into problems. When piping any vapour refrigeration line it’s important to always keep in mind the oil return. There are a few areas we need to be concerned with: fitting selection, vertical risers and horizontal piping. Horizontal vapour refrigerant piping should always be sloped in the direction of flow. A 0.5 percent slope is typical (approximately one inch in 20 ft.). That’s about as hard as it gets. It’s surprising how often this simple recommendation isn’t followed. Vertical lines are another story and require a bit more consideration. We won’t get into pipe sizing in detail this article, but one of the key factors in sizing refrigerant lines is managing the velocity of the refrigerant to keep the oil moving without too much increase in pressure drop. In a vertical pipe, this velocity is extremely important and should not usually be less than 1500 feet per minute. This usually means that vertical sections of suction and discharge lines are one pipe size smaller than the horizontal piping.

Using traps Additionally most vertical sections require an oil trap to help collect the oil so that it can become entrained by the refrigerant. Oil traps work by increasing the refrigerant velocity over the oil so that the oil becomes entrained with the refrigerant moving vertically up the tubing. Now the ten thousand dollar question; when exactly do you need a trap? This is probably one of hardest things to find consistent information about. Instead of going through what a number of manufacturers say and pointing out the differences, I’m going to tell you what I recommend. Take it for what it’s worth. However, there’s one small caveat first – I have noticed some completely absurd differences in what manufacturers recommend as far as oil trapping with R410a in air conditioning applications. I have very little to do with residential air conditioning so I have

In this sloppy installation, the condensing units are about 20 feet above these case suction lines. There are no traps, the suction lines join together incorrectly and are run at slopes in the wall.

Plumbing & HVAC – November/December 2012

www.plumbingandhvac.ca

Nitrogen purging

Fig. 1: The correct and incorrect ways to decrease a suction line. never attempted to look at why this is in detail. First thing, the decision of when to trap is a bit of a sliding scale. The colder the oil is leaving the evaporator the more viscous the oil will be and the more important a trap will become; I let that influence my decision about when to put a trap. Generally, at standard refrigeration temperatures, a suction line trap should be used any time the vertical rise is greater than 3-4 feet and again every 12-15 feet for the length of the vertical rise. Discharge lines should always have a trap when they first turn vertical following the compressor to prevent oil from draining back onto the discharge valves in the compressor. After that, a rise of six or more feet should generally have a trap and then every 15-20 feet after that. The discharge line is not as critical as the suction line because the oil is hot and becomes entrained more easily with the refrigerant. If the truth be known, we probably over-trap most of the time, especially with POE oil and HFC refrigerants, but I think that the general consensus has been that if you are unsure, the extra pressure drop introduced in an oil trap is better than the risk that you have extremely difficult to diagnose oil return problems in the future. In cases where there is some form of capacity control such as compressor hot

gas bypass, cylinder unloading or multiple compressor cycling, it is likely that a double riser will be required to ensure that the velocity remains high enough for oil return.

Solid connections Another common piping mistake made, particularly by apprentices, is not paying enough attention to fitting the evaporator connections and pipe size changes. Figure 1 shows both the correct and incorrect way to decrease the suction line size after an evaporator connection. Notice that it is not a good idea to reduce the pipe size from an evaporator outlet in the horizontal or in upward in the vertical for two different reasons: Reducing the pipe size in the horizontal creates an area in the upstream pipe where oil can collect. If the pipe is sufficiently oversized (the refrigerant velocity will be low), this oil could stay there for the life of the system. Perhaps this is not a big deal in a system that has a compressor with an oil level sight glass where you can add a little oil if it gets low, but many systems do not and regardless you could lose heat transfer surface in the evaporator. Traditional mineral and alkyl-benzene oil clings to the side of the pipe when it is going upward and any change in the pipe size in a vertical can disrupt this flow. Incidentally, this is also the reason that angled risers (i.e. 45 Elbows on the vertical) are a bad idea. POE oil is not as sensitive to the vertical pipe size changes due to the way the oil is entrained with the refrigerant, particularly at temperatures typical in air conditioning applications. Perhaps this is why there is a lot of variation among manufacturers in piping recommendations. Regardless, it is always better to be safe and follow proper piping practices.

The last common problem to do with pipe installation we are going to discuss is nitrogen purging. This is an absolute must in almost all circumstances. The effect is very pronounced on systems with larger pipe sizes but is equally important for the small ones. I have seen TX Valve screens plugged at start-up in every single evaporator of a warehouse cooler because of installers that simply neglected to purge when it was inconvenient. I really can’t stress this point enough. A common nitrogen flow rate is five cubic feet per hour and a good flow meter is a must. When in doubt, a way to check, especially when the flow meter is a long way away from you, is to hold the nitrogen hose to your cheek or ear. You should be able to feel the nitrogen flow, but it shouldn’t be really ‘blowing’. As a point of interest, most bid-spec jobs specify nitrogen purging and I have never, not once, been asked to produce evidence that it was done... a tragedy as far as I’m concerned.

Taking proper care to do refrigerant piping correctly and to meet or exceed industry standards not only insures that everything works as well as possible, but also lends credibility to our industry. Refrigerant piping is not necessarily simple and it does require that you pay attention and think through your decisions, but it’s not that terribly difficult either. With a little bit of good information, a refrigeration technician should be able to make the right piping decisions. ✚ Greg Scrivener is project and design manager for Polar Refrigeration Service Ltd. in Saskatoon. He is a journeyman refrigeration mechanic, a licensed gas fitter, holds RSES CMS designation in commercial refrigeration and is a mechanical engineer in training. He can be reached at gscrivener@polarservices.ca.

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November/December 2012 – Plumbing & HVAC

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At Noble, we have a ﬂeet of more than 150 trucks, we have more than 50 branches, we carry more than 70,000 SKUs and we’re committed to having more of the parts, equipment and products that our customers need as stock-on-hand. So, if you’re looking for more, try Noble.

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■ Plumbing

Plumber Robert Szachury of Turbo Plumbing in Whistler, B.C. has seen his fair share of nasty pits, but he’s still smiling during this pump repair.

Solving water problems with a sump pump system By Mark P. Evans

toilets are mandatory on every jobsite. Unlike most system designs, the foundation drain and sump pit are built to intentionally direct a known hazard right into the building. Ground water and everything else that seeps down around the footings is collected in the pit and a mechanical device is expected to safely and unfailingly remove it from the home. The damaging effects of misplaced water cannot be overstated; it simply destroys everything. With that in mind let’s consider what passes as an acceptable defense for the average home.

Of all the unpleasant conditions I endured to become a plumber, one of the worst was a sump pump installation. It seemed that I had awakened some unspeakable curse when I disturbed the contents of the pit. Tempted as I was to abandon my quest, it was only my training that Early sump pumps got me through the ordeal. I held fast to the wise words In past, the residents were typically “protected” by a of my journeyman: “get to work or you don’t get paid.” sad looking little contraption known as a pedestal He was a man of few words. pump. Complete with its Obviously the construction exposed float mechanism and crew had been using the sump lift rod it had the aspect of an The damaging pit as a latrine and their awkward wading bird trying terrible secret was only to balance on one leg. Very effects of misplaced water discovered after the new little was needed to disrupt the home was finished inside and cannot be overstated; it simply sensing mechanism and they out. Pumping that repulsive were prone to tip-overs which sludge out only moved the destroys everything. rendered them inoperable. problem to the patio area in Improvements were made and the yard through the presubmersibles became the sleeved discharge pipe as the industry standard but, like the neighbourhood was not yet served by a storm water pedestal, they required hydro to operate, a fleeting drainage system. I thank all site supervisors for thing during a storm sometimes. enforcing zero tolerance on this issue; after all, portable Many repeat flood victims have sought back-up

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systems to guard against another costly event during a blackout. For one cottage country customer with this concern, I installed a battery operated secondary pump complete with an on-site audible/visible high water alarm that was also connected to his cell phone. Within a short time his original electric pump burnt out from non-stop running as did my replacement electric pump. I was forever responding to the alarms the city bound owner was receiving on his phone. This ground water problem was frustrating me and costing him a lot of money. Later I found out that he recently had the basement added to the original cottage which was built on piers and, plainly visible in day-of-purchase photos, surrounded by water. I asked if there was a flood when the pic was taken. The owner explained that the lake had shifted and his property had to be reclaimed from the lake. Some time later he wanted more storage space and couldn’t build closer to the property line so he decided that going down was his best available option. From a business point of view, I agree. I miss that guy.

Designing sump systems Other customers have similar but potentially solvable ground water problems. These customers are usually very well informed and have already taken action to properly slope the landscaping grade away from the building and have directed the downspouts and sump

Please see ‘Sump’ on page 29

November/December 2012 – Plumbing & HVAC

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■ Faucets & Fixtures

Sump pumps Continued from page 27 discharge so the same water is not continually repumped. Most importantly, they have confirmed that the building is not in a lake. When I have the opportunity to contribute to a system overhaul, the piping workmanship is a point of interest. Of course plumbing logic dictates that the discharge line be sized, sloped and strapped properly with a smooth path to freedom which includes a union, check, and gate valve. Finally we must decide which device(s) we’ll use to protect the home and maintain sanitary conditions. Centrifugal pumps like the ones already mentioned are most commonly used, but I have installed a few venturi style “pumps” that I connected directly to the municipal water supply. The good water is forced through an ingenious mechanism that manipulates a natural phenomenon in such a way that the bad water gets sucked along with the good and is removed.

This system is not cheap and goes against my grain for several reasons, not the least of which is the obvious waste of fresh clean water. More to the hazard element is the need to leave the water supply on while away. I believe this creates a more potentially disastrous situation due to the fully charged systems unmanned status. Also, the water supply is necessarily crossconnected to use this system and I agree with manufacturer’s specifications that the hazard rating is severe. Only a device that carries the highest material and labour installation costs as well as an annual test fee will satisfy the code requirement, the reduced pressure principle backflow preventer (R.P.). Unfortunately, some people’s ground water problem forces them to accept the extra cost, maintenance and potential hazards of this type of system.

Locating the sump pit Aside from pump selection, too little consideration has been extended to the whole idea of having an open sump pit within ones living space. I think more study is required to properly address this deceptively simple concept. I’ve heard TV and radio ads warn that standing water in the yard creates unclean conditions and attracts

mosquitoes. People are advised to dump out wheel barrels and even old tires but few are aware that the same conditions may exist right in their own homes. Ideally the sump pit should have a sealed lid and its own floor drain positioned close to the sanitary floor drain with a shallow groove cut in the concrete to join them. The systems would act as backup for each other with a visible indication of a problem if it occurs. The lowly sump pit doesn’t get a lot of attention until the pump malfunctions, in which case the homeowner often gets a hard lesson on the damaging effects of water. Maintenance is the cheapest form of repair I’ve heard, so it doesn’t hurt to advise your client to throw a jigger of bleach into the sump pit and make the pump run occasionally to prevent a catastrophe. Heed ye these words lest ye suffer your own ... “tales from the pit”… ✚

Mark P. Evans is a contractor, master plumber and heating technician based in Waterloo, Ont. He can be reached at mark.evans@live.ca

■ Faucets & Fixtures Antimicrobial finish

Android/iPhone app

Zurn Industries has introduced its EcoVantage commercial fixtures with the company’s SilverShield antimicrobial technology. A permanent antimicrobial glazed ceramic surface inhibits the growth of stain and odor causing bacteria, mold, and mildew. This increases sanitation while minimizing the need for harsh chemical cleaning, making these products ideal for healthcare and school environments. Zurn Industries u www.zurn.com

Saniflo has released a new free app for Android and iPhone for tech-savvy plumbers. The application makes it easier for plumbers, contractors and consumers get product information and news about Saniflo macerating toilets and other products through their smart phones. Visit www.saniflo.ca to download the app. Saniflo u www.saniflo.ca

Threaded Rod Cutters • No job site safety hazards • Noise & spark free • Precision shear action • Reinforced stress points • Engineered & mfg. in Japan • Burr free cuts • Blades reverse for extra life

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Water savings recognized American Standard Brands has been honored with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) 2012 WaterSense Manufacturer Partner of the Year Award in recognition of the company’s water-saving technological advances and ongoing efforts to raise awareness about water conservation. The award is, in part, for developing the SAVER high efficiency toilet (HET). Offered in both one and two-piece models, it uses only 1.28 gallons per flush and is designed to be installed without tools. American Standard u www.americanstandard.ca

www.plumbingandhvac.ca

Tub/shower upgrade kit The new Universal Tub and Shower fixture from Price Pfister is compatible with eight different water valves from three manufacturers – Pfister, Moen and Delta. It allows changing out the trim without the removal of tile or fiberglass from the wall. The upgrade kit includes a fivefunction showerhead, a handle kit that accommodates eight different valves and an all-metal tub spout. It is available in a wide variety of different styles and finishes to match bathroom décor, with chrome, brushed nickel or Tuscan bronze finishes. Price Pfister u www.pfisterfaucets.com.

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www.raptorcutting.com November/December 2012 – Plumbing & HVAC

READY WHEN YOU ARE. We’re committed to providing innovative solutions that can help you get the job done. That’s why Delta allows you to order and install a variety of electronic faucet roughs and trims separately. Our preassembled roughs are pre-plumbed and factory-tested to ensure quality and help save you installation time and hassle. And the trims can be ordered when you’re ready for them – no more worrying about storing or misplacing them during the project. For more information, visit deltacommercialfaucets.com or specselect.com.

590T1150

Pre-Plumbed Control Box Sensor, controller, power supply and solenoid shown are sold separately as part of trim kits.

â&#x2013; Tools & Instruments Compact rotary hammer The new M12 Cordless Â˝inch SDS Plus rotary hammer drill from Milwaukee Tool weighs only 3.9pounds (1.77kg) and is only nine inches (23cm) in length, making it ideal for drilling in tight spaces and all-day use. It drills over 55 holes per charge from its M12 Red Lithium battery. Milwaukee Tool Co. u www.milwaukeetool.com

Four-port wireless manifold The SMAN4 wireless, four-port, digital manifold with a built-in vacuum gauge from Fieldpiece allows HVACR technicians to evacuate a system, pull a vacuum, add refrigerant and dial in the charge at one time. There are three standard Âź-inch ports and one 3/8-inch port. It wirelessly receives live indoor wet bulb (WB) and outdoor dry bulb (DB) temperatures, then calculates real-time target superheat and digitally displays both the target superheat and actual superheat on the large, backlit display. It also displays actual subcooling and superheat simultaneously. Fieldpiece u www.fieldpiece.com

Drain machine upgraded

Quick welding clamp

The upgraded Metro power drain cleaner from General Pipe Cleaners now features stair climbers to more easily transport it up and down stairs. This tough little machine is designed to handle roots and other difficult stoppages in three through six-inch drain lines with a capacity of 75 ft. of 5/8-inch General Flexicore cable. For smaller jobs, the contractor can switch to 100 ft. of specially designed 9/16â&#x20AC;? Flexicore cable. A narrow profile facilitates handling in tight places. General Pipe Cleaners u www.drainbrain.com

The new Ultra Qwik Clamp and Ultra Qwik Fit models from Sumner Manufacturing feature push-button thread adjustment for pipe-to-pipe, pipe-tofitting, pipe-to-flange and fitting-to-fitting pipe welding fit-ups. Holding the pushbutton in on the tool housing frees the threading to be adjusted at will to the correct size. Releasing the button allows the user to fine adjust and tighten the tools. These clamps are available for three sizes of pipe: 1â&#x20AC;? â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 2-1/2â&#x20AC;? (25 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 65 mm), 2â&#x20AC;? â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 6â&#x20AC;? (50 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 150 mm) and 5â&#x20AC;? â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 12â&#x20AC;? (127 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 300 mm). Sumner Manufacturing u www.sumner.com

Breaking concrete A new line of high impact demolition steel chisels from DeWalt has been engineered with two types of steel to minimize breakage and offer optimal durability when breaking holes in or removing concrete. An optimized tip geometry composed of high wear-resistant steel maximizes tip strength, while the durable shockresistant steel prevents shaft breakage. DeWalt u www.dewalt.com

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November/December 2012 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Plumbing & HVAC

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■ Training

Drawing the best and brightest Refrigeration contractors, union work together to attract apprentices By Simon Blake

s the post Second World War baby boomers retire and a skilled labour shortage looms, it’s still not easy to become an apprentice. A new joint program by southern Ontario refrigeration contractors and the union may not make it easier, but it is designed to ensure that the candidates with the best chance of success are chosen to fill the 80 to 150 first-year apprentice spots that come open each year in southern Ontario. “We wanted to improve what we had in the past and ensure the quality of the apprentices that we are bringing into the industry,” said Brian Carey, division manager for contractor Black & McDonald, Stoney Creek, Ont., and co-chairman of the Apprentice Intake Committee on behalf of the Ontario Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Contractors Association (ORAC) and UA Local 787 – Joint Training and Apprenticeship Committee (JTAC). The new application process at www.HVACR.ca began Jan. 1, 2012. Prospective apprentices apply directly to the JTAC First Year Apprenticeship Program, which accepts applications from Dec. 1 to Feb. 28 each year. They go through a rigorous screening process and once accepted, are placed on the Available for Hire list, which can be accessed by unionized contractors throughout Ontario. Refrigeration apprentice Jeff Fennel works in one of the JTAC labs. “We’ve totally eliminated the ‘who-you-know’ concept and we’re making whether you are right for the trade the number one criteria,” said Carey. Today’s understand that even once they have their certificate of becoming more and more microprocessor oriented. refrigeration trade is challenging, he added. “They have qualification (journeyman ticket), the education doesn’t There’s a lot more sophistication, mostly due to energy to know electronics, they have to know computers they end there. saving requirements and initiatives,” said Carey. have to know refrigeration curves – there’s a lot more “They have to invest in a lot of ongoing education. Some contractors are reluctant to hire apprentices. science and math in it.” That’s one of the key attributes we are looking for – However, in a tough economic climate contractors have Candidates must have people who will invest to be careful with their labour ratios. “You need first year a Grade 12 diploma with in themselves because apprentices to replace the upcoming boom in retiring We’ve totally eliminated English and math along even once you pass journeymen while maintaining a balanced labour force,” with Grade 12 chemistry the apprenticeship he added. or Grade 11 or 12 the ‘who-you-know’ concept… program and get your Hiring employees as first year apprentices has other physics. They must be in licence, it doesn’t advantages. “We want to train them and coach them to good physical condition make you an effective become better mechanics, adding client value and and must have a driver’s licence. journeyman unless you continually invest in yourself helping the industry move forward.” The screening process starts as soon as candidates go and stay up on the latest technology,” said Carey. In the first year, with modest marketing, the program online to apply. They complete a lengthy list of questions had about 3,000 visits to the website and 80 successful that are graded by specially created software. A solid career path applicants. Of that number, 60 had been hired at the If successful, applicants must then take a math, science One of the challenges in recent years is that time of writing. “By improving the process, we are and mechanical aptitude test and pay the testing fee. educators and parents don’t encourage young people enhancing contractors’ confidence levels because they The Apprentice Intake Committee reviews the results to enter the trades. The Committee has been trying know they are going to get good apprentices,” said Carey. and those with the highest scores are invited to a job to change that. Member contractors can access the approved interview. Finally, those evaluated at the highest point level “It’s a great profession. It’s very well paying. It’s very candidate listing at www.HVACRapprentice.ca and nonwill be accepted into the first year apprenticeship program. challenging and rewarding technically because the ORAC contractors can obtain the list from program The Committee is looking for apprentices that technology on the equipment is changing every day and manager Tracey Shepherd at info@hvacrcareer.ca. ✚

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November/December 2012 – Plumbing & HVAC

■ People & Places

Understanding

PAIN eveloping close relationships with customers has proved a successful business formula for one Ottawa area wholesaler. “We are always trying to diagnose what the pain of the customer is in acquiring and completing projects… We know that if we help customers succeed they will be at our door,” said Claude DesRosiers, vice president and general manager of Boone Plumbing Supply Co. in Ottawa (www.boone.ca). The relationship has changed considerably in DesRosiers’ 40 years in the business. “As a distributor today you almost have to be an integral part of the contractor’s business. You have to be integrated in their process to understand how they complete their projects so that you can intervene in a way where you really support them and you really add value because you are taking a lot of hassle away from them.” It’s not an easy task because Boone Plumbing serves many segments – contractors in waterworks, industrial commercial and residential along with architects, interior designers and end users. The company is celebrating 75 years in business this year. Today it operates four wholesale locations and three Mondeau (world of water) plumbing showrooms in the Ottawa/Gatineau (Hull) region.

Close relationship with customers has served Ottawa wholesaler well for 75 years By Simon Blake

A different world It was a different world in 1937 when Ralph and Charles Boone opened their small plumbing contracting business in downtown Ottawa. Times were still pretty tough towards the end of the Great Depression of the 30s and Canada’s capital city was still a relatively small town. But the Boones had a nose for business and it didn’t take them long to realize that getting into distribution would be a profitable way to expand. They did just that in their very first year and Boone Plumbing Supply was born.

Boone Plumbing is constantly refining its Mondeau plumbing showrooms.

Boone, Pierre Des Rosier announced his retirement after a long and successful career and after ensuring the talent was in place to keep the company on the right track. Groupe Deschenes made a heavy investment in buildings and systems. It replaced an outdated computer system right away and began planning new facilities. Boone Plumbing was operating from a 30,000 sq. ft. warehouse in Ottawa. “The business was growing, but we didn’t have the facilities to keep growing,” said DesRosiers. Across the river in Hull the situation was even worse. The company was operating from an old 25,000 sq. ft. ratinfested kiln originally designed for drying concrete blocks. “I remember working at night and you could hear the rats having fights in the walls because it was close to a small stream which was basically an open sewer,” recalls DesRosiers. “It was just terrible.” Deschenes moved quickly to improve the situation, buying a 40,000 sq. ft. warehouse in Gatineau in 1989. In Ottawa, the company moved to its current headquarters in the east end on Algoma Road in 1995. As well, a new west end Ottawa branch had been opened in 1984.

Showrooms introduced

A close relationship with customers has been key in Boone’s success. It remained a relatively small distributor until 1972 when Ralph Boone got together with Pierre DesRosiers and Jack Miniuk, creating DesRosiers Distributors across the Ottawa River on Cousineau Street in Gatineau and combining it with Boone Plumbing. The company had 37 employees and supplied mainly small commercial and residential projects. In 1975 the company was sold and went through a number of owners over the next ten years. While constantly changing ownership proved a barrier to long-term planning and investment, the acquisition of Ottawa HVAC distributer Guy Chenevert Ltee. in 1977 brought Boone Plumbing Supply into the HVAC distribution business, something that remains a key component today with a

Plumbing & HVAC – November/December 2012

new state-of –the-art sheet metal shop with a computerized plasma cutter, a new spiral machine and an experienced staff.

A new beginning Montreal-based Groupe Deschenes – currently the largest Canadian-owned plumbing and HVAC wholesaler – acquired Boone Plumbing in 1987. That marked a key turning point. For the first time in many years the owners were devoted exclusively to the plumbing and HVAC distribution business. “That’s where everything took to the right direction going forward,” remarked DesRosiers. “Finally we had (an owner) that had a long-term plan for Boone and wanted to make a proper investment in the distribution business.” Five years after Deschenes acquired

In the 1990s big box retail home improvement stores began to make their presence felt and television shows helped make kitchen and bathroom renovation a national pastime. The customer was no longer satisfied with the faucet the plumber had in his truck. Boone Plumbing Supply was one of the first wholesalers to take advantage of this new trend, launching its Mondeau high-end plumbing showroom in 1997. The new showroom gave contractors a trade-friendly place to send their customers to select plumbing components. In 2000 Boone acquired the Cleroux Plumbing showroom in Gatineau, which became the second Mondeau showroom. In 2003 the company opened a new branch and showroom in Kanata, 22 kilometers west of Ottawa. The former city, amalgamated into Ottawa in 2001, is Canada’s “Silicone Valley” and was home to Nortel and many smaller hightech companies. “It’s been a good market for us from the beginning,” noted DesRosiers. In fact, it remains so despite the demise of Nortel. The smaller high-tech companies are flourishing and Kanata is located in a beautiful area on the Ottawa River,

www.plumbingandhvac.ca

The company recently expanded its Algoma Road headquarters and showroom.

make the plumbing industry a long-term career. Open communication, training and profit sharing all help give the employees a sense of ownership. Many have been with Boone Plumbing for years. Another key for Boone Plumbing Supply is being active in the community. For the past three years the company has partnered with masonry and building supplies distributor Merkley Supply in Ottawa to organize the Ride the Rideau bicycle event to raise money for the Ottawa Hospital Foundation in support of cancer research. So far, the ride has raised $4.4 million. It’s a complicated world these days, but one in which Boone Plumbing Supply continues to thrive.✚

making it a strong draw for new home buyers. The Algoma warehouse was expanded in 2003 and 2011, bringing the floor area up to 110,000 sq. ft. The latest addition included 35,000 additional sq. ft. on the warehouse and a 14,000 sq. ft. showroom, scheduled to open in late October. In 2008 the company bought 7.5 acres behind the Algoma facility to allow for future expansion. Boone Plumbing has long devoted considerable effort to mentoring its employees and working with them to

The sheet metal shop is an integral part of the business.

P&HVAC 2012 Ciphex West

Show Guide Draw Winners

New showroom concept Boone Plumbing Supply Co. in Ottawa was among the first distributers to introduce a fullfledged plumbing showroom in 1997. Over the years, the company has continued to refine the concept to the point where its latest Mondeau showroom in Ottawa represents the state-of-the-art. It introduces a number of new concepts, noted vice president and general manager Claude DesRosiers. During the planning stages DesRosiers and his staff visited 14 established showrooms in Spain, Germany and the U.S. “We came to the conclusion that they were not user friendly in a certain way.” As a result, they decided to make the new Mondeau showroom “as user friendly as a web site,” allowing customers to quickly decide what they want, find it, and leave. This includes separate counters and cash registers for the showroom. Products are organized by category and from least expensive to most expensive. All prices are shown “so that they don’t have to wait for a consultant.” As well, the showroom is divided into separate areas for traditional and contemporary styles. “When you walk in you are being oriented very quickly to almost serve yourself. It’s really changing what the customer sees in the showroom.” However, the new showroom also includes rooms where designers and contractors can bring their customers. Consultants are on hand for more complex projects. “We find we need to offer a vast array of services and ways of acquiring plumbing. If you just want a sink and a faucet, it shouldn’t take an hour and a half,” remarked DesRosiers.

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Grand prize winner Steve Mulder

Sponsor

Winner

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Aquatech....................Daryl McDonnell

Ontor ...........................Anthony Messer

Dahl ....................................Colin Sadler

OS&B................................Jay McKinney

Fairview Fittings....Richard Vanderark

Raptor Cutting Tools.....Gord Ratzlaff

Giant ..............................Tyler Langstaff

Royal Building Products....Mike Shaul

John Wood/AO Smith....Bonamy Yang

Switch the Stat..........James Robinson

King Heating Products ....Chris Baker

Taco.....................................James Scott

Milwaukee Tool................David Wang

Watts ..........................Trevor Christman Zurn ...................................... John Reed

November/December 2012 – Plumbing & HVAC

■ People & Places The

Companies Deschênes Group Inc., Montreal has purchased Gelair Inc. through its subsidiary Descair. The sale took place Nov. 1. Gelair will maintain a distinct operation and will continue to conduct business under its current name and also under the leadership of Mario Micheli. Gelair has three branches: Laval, Montreal and Longueuil, Quebec. Judo Water Treatment, Toronto, will relocate its Canadian headquarters to 240 Lesmill Road in that city on Dec. 1. Judo has also made a number of appointments. Jo-Anne Jackson has

been named vice president of marketing and operations. As well, Anthony Greco and Marco Martins have joined the Toronto area sales staff. Andrew McDonald will represent Judo in Western Canada. Taco, Cranston, Rhode Island, has acquired Hydroflo Pumps of Fairview, Tennessee. Honeywell, Mississauga, Ont., has opened a new customer training and support centre in Fort McMurray, Alta. It will serve as a regional hub for Honeywell’s industrial process and building control customers, providing training with the latest automation technology.

The

People Wolseley Canada, Burlington, Ont., has appointed Casian Glavce to the position of strategic business manager of the comCasian pany’s plumbing business. John Pallante is now Glavce sales director, Ontario and Western Canada, for Broane-Nutone Canada Inc., Mississauga, Ont. Goodman Co. Canada has appointed Andy Cincar to the position of key accounts manager. Trane Canada, Toronto, Ont., has made a number of appointments:

and the Plumbing Industry Advisory Council (PIAC). Many in the industry attended a 65th birthday and “retirement party” for Rick Delaney, president, Delaney and Associates, Calgary, at the Pan Pacific Hotel in Vancouver Nov. 8 during the CIPHEX West Rick trade show. For competiDelaney tors eyeing his lines, Delaney advises that his new motto is “Refuse to Quit!” Rob Hughes has been promoted to the position of national sales manager for Dobbin Sales Ltd., Vaughan, Ont. He was previously eastern Canada sales manager.

Wolseley boosts online presence Wolseley Canada in Burlington, Ont. has boosted its online presence with redesigned showroom and online shopping websites. The company recently announced a new iPhone mobile application (app) to go with its redesigned Wolseley Express ecommerce website (www. wolseley express.com). The redesigned website compliments Wolseley’s The tool allows con- bricks and mortar showrooms, like the Regina tractors with smart phones to location pictured here. find their nearest branch, view ordered products, create purchase lists and check availability and pricing. The company expects to keep adding new features as time goes on. Meanwhile, the company has also launched its new Kitchen and Bath Classics website (www.kitchenandbathclassics.com) that has been redesigned to provide more inspiration and a variety of helpful tools to customers. It demonstrates a range of decorating styles and various design options from manufacturers in the Brands We Carry and the Photo Gallery sections. The Planning Tools section includes planning work sheets, helpful articles, suggestions for the showroom appointment, and links to the company’s monthly newsletter.

In Memoriam John Warren

David Toner

Nik Ljiljanic

John Warren was named service solutions leader with Trane Atlantic in Halifax. David Toner has been appointed new contracting Joe solutions leader in Saint John, N.B. Nik Ljiljanic has Carpino joined Trane as commercial sales leader based in the Toronto office. Joe Carpino has been named Ontario parts leader, also in Toronto. Leon Leon Hawkins joins Trane Hawkins Canada as national automation and controls business leader. The Canadian Institute of Plumbing & Heating (CIPH), Toronto, has hired Katie Hutchinson as manager, councils. She will oversee the Canadian Hydronics Council (CHC)

The industry has lost one of its tireless behindthe-scenes workers. Tami Cabana died at age 48 Tami after battling cancer for Cabana just over a year. Cabana was the president’s executive assistant for the Mechanical Contractors Association of Canada, headquartered in Ottawa. She was a dedicated employee of the association for 19 years and worked diligently every year to organize the MCAC Annual National Conference. MCAC staff and association members alike will miss her ready smile and friendly demeanor. She leaves behind husband Glenn and children Kerry and Bridget. A funeral was held at Our Lady of Fatima Roman Catholic Church in Ottawa Nov. 3. Memorial donations to Elisabeth Bruyere Health Centre Foundation or the Irving Greenberg Family Cancer Centre would be appreciated.

Plumbing & HVAC – November/December 2012

HPG Sales invited contractors, engineers and other industry personnel to an open house at its Mississauga, Ont. location Oct. 25. The company’s new XLF condensing boiler was one of the highlights.

Noble, headquartered in Concord, Ont., has opened a new 120,000 sq. ft. distribution centre in Langley, B.C. The new location features a full-service counter, indoor pipe yard and training facility. Noble has five other branches in the Lower Mainland after acquiring MPH Supply in 2010.

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■ Shop Management

Buying a

It’s a buyer’s market out there as many owners approach retirement By Ron Coleman

business

ook around and you will see that the owners of many HVAC and plumbing businesses are getting older. It’s the baby boomer syndrome. Over the next 10 years more of these businesses will change ownership than ever before. Now is the time for people with an entrepreneurial flair to start hunting for the right HVAC or plumbing business that will be up for sale. There are going to be far more sellers than buyers. That’s basic demographics. Most of the owners of these businesses have put no real thought into their exit strategies. They are beginning to think along those lines but most will do very little to increase the value of their business before selling it. They are too involved in the day-to-day operations. By evaluating the potential of existing businesses the wily buyer will find some choice pickings and have the potential to make serious money. The top 25 percent of plumbing and HVAC businesses in Canada have annual sales of around $3 First of all, identify the type of business that you are million and, after an owner/manager’s salary of looking for. The market is carved into a variety of $100,000, make at least $300,000 profit a year. With segments from residential to commercial and from service corporate tax rates of less than 14 percent this means to construction and a variety of plumbing and HVAC these companies can have almost $6 million in the bank services. Where is your passion? Where can you add value? after 20 years and they can sell their businesses and get Analyze the four ways to grow your business using the even more money. following elements. How can I The flip side of this is that 75 increase the number of the “A” percent of plumbing and HVAC customers? How can I upsell These businesses (best) businesses are under performing. them value? How can I get them to This is where the gold is for the can be bought cheap use us more often? How can I right buyer. These businesses can improve efficiency? Spend time and turned around with be bought cheap and turned making this analysis to ensure that around with the right you are getting into a good the right management management and leadership. opportunity. Get comfortable with the business before you buy in. and leadership. Buying a business The second element is The first place to look for a understanding the price of the company to buy is the company business and what cash flow you you now work for. Determine what the exit strategy of would need to manage it. Contracting businesses are your current owner is. The more vague he is the less selling cheaper now than they were five years ago. The likely he has a plan in place. Check around with other price you pay will be a combination of the value of the businesses, go to association meetings, and talk to assets (which is quite straightforward) and the value of suppliers. There are lots of opportunities. the goodwill (brand, customers, intellectual property, There are some key elements you need to focus on. etc.), which is anything but straightforward.

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Avoid overpaying The seller often has emotional ties to the business that cause him to demand more for the goodwill than it is worth. You must avoid over paying; otherwise you will find it difficult to make money. In most cases the total price should be recovered in profits in less than four years and sometimes as little as two years. In addition to the cash needed to buy the business, the purchaser will need working capital. This ranges from eight to 12 percent of annual sales. When seeking financing the easiest to get is for the hard assets. The hardest to get is for the goodwill. Having the vendor carry financing is a very realistic expectation. You also need to determine whether you are going to buy assets or shares. Review this with a professional accountant to really understand it. Thirdly you need to structure the deal so that you can use dollars that have attracted the lowest tax rate. If you are earning more than $80,000 a year your marginal tax rate will be somewhere above 30 percent depending on which province you live in. However the highest corporate tax rate (on annual profits under $500,000) is less than 14 percent. Therefore you need to figure out how to use those dollars rather than your personal ones.

Please see ‘Initial’ on page 38

November/December 2012 – Plumbing & HVAC

■ Coming Events

Dallas to host AHR Expo North America’s largest HVACR trade show is returning to Texas. The International Air-Conditioning, Heating, Refrigerating Expo (AHR Expo) will run Jan. 28-30 at the Dallas Convention Center. Last held in Dallas in 2007, organizers are expecting over 1,800 industry specific exhibitors from around the world for 2013. They will showcase hundreds of innovative new products to over 30,000 contractors, engineers and other industry personnel. The show will highlight the drive for greater energy efficiency through greener products and sustainable technology. Key product areas will include: ■ Air conditioning, heating and refrigeration systems and components; ■ Building automation, controls and facility management; ■ Specialized climate control systems; ■ Radiant heating and hydronic systems and related plumbing products; ■ Ventilation air movement and indoor air quality and… ■ Labour saving tools, software, business support services, etc. The 2013 AHR Expo is co-sponsored by ASHRAE and the Air-Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI). The Heating, Refrigeration and AirConditioning Institute of Canada (HRAI) is an honorary sponsor. For more information visit the Show’s website at www.ahrexpo.com.

A few recommendations Here are my recommendations for buying a typical HVAC contractor in Canada. However, I am stressing that you need to take your own professional advice. If you are buying it though a share purchase, it makes sense to: 1. Form a holding company. 2. Loan money to your holding company to buy the shares of the operating company. 3. As the operating company makes money it will pay less than 14 percent tax on the first $500,000 of annual profits. 4. Declare dividends on the value of the after-tax profits to the holding company. 5. If the operating company needs more money, the holding company can loan money back and put a security against the operating company as protection. 6. When there is cash in the holding company it can repay the loans that you made to it tax-free. That way you get all your money back, having used dollars taxed at less than 14 percent.

Calendar NOV. 28-30: Construct Canada, Metro Toronto Convention Centre, South Building. Visit www.constructcanada.com or call (416) 512-0203.

DEC. 3-4: Solar Canada 2012, Canadian Solar Industries Association, Metro Toronto Convention Centre. Call 1-866-5226742 or visit www.cansia.ca.

JAN. 26-30: ASHRAE 2013 Winter Conference, Sheraton Dallas, Dallas, Texas. Visit www.ashrae.org.

JAN. 28-30: AHR Expo, Dallas Convention Centre, Dallas, Texas. Visit www.ahrexpo.com.

Over 1,800 exhibitors will offer the latest green technologies. ASHRAE’s Winter Conference will, as usual, be held concurrently with the AHR Expo. It takes place Jan. 2630 at the Sheraton Dallas Hotel. Visit www.ashrae.org/dallas for more information.

Initial steps critical Continued from page 37

Events

The holding company holds the shares of the operating company and because of their relationship the after tax profits can be paid to the holding company without attracting any further tax. If you are buying the company through an asset purchase, the follow steps will help the business succeed: 1. Form an operating company. 2. Loan money to the operating company to buy the assets and to provide working capital. 3. When the operating company makes profit it will pay less than 14 percent tax and can use the balance of any spare cash to repay the money you loaned it, taxfree to you. 4. Eventually you will get all your money back, having used dollars taxed at less than 14 percent. So, if you would like to own your own plumbing or HVAC business, start doing the research now. Get a professional advisor and start planning for your future with you at the helm. ✚

Plumbing & HVAC – November/December 2012

Ronald Coleman is a Vancouverbased accountant, management consultant, author and educator specializing in the construction industry. He can be reached by e-mail at ronald@ronaldcoleman.ca.

MARCH 3-7: Canadian Construction Association 95th Annual Conference, Fairmont Le Manoir Richelieu, La Malbaie, Que. Visit www.cca-acc.com or call (613) 236-9455.

INDEX to

ADVERTISERS Bradford White Canada ...............................32 Brant Radiant...............................................11 Canadian Hydronics Council ........................25 Cash Acme ....................................................9 Dahl Bros. ....................................................13 Delta Faucet.................................................30 Fantech........................................................31 Fujitsu............................................................6 General Pipe Cleaners ....................................8 Honeywell/Genetron Div. ............................20 IPEX ...................................................4, 16, 39 Judo Water Treatment..................................23 Madok Mfg. ................................................28 Mobilio ..........................................................5 Napoleon.....................................................18 Noble...........................................................26 P&HVAC ......................................................35 RaptorCutting Tools .....................................29 RIDGID.........................................................40 Saniflo .........................................................15 Taco Canada ..................................................2 Victaulic.......................................................19 Watco Mfg. .................................................21 Woodford Mfg. ...........................................14

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