PORTFOLIO Training at COSTFORD Sept-Dec 2010
PRANEETA MOORTHY 1RV07AT055 RVSA
LAURIE BAKER and COSTFORD
"The first, of course, is that I want to get to know my client and what is in his mind. If he merely wants to show off or flaunt his wealth, I don't take him on. Otherwise, I enjoy getting to know him (or her, a family, an institution or even a Government department). "Then I have my own principles, which I am unwilling to abandon. I dislike falsehood and deceit. A building should be truthful." – Laurie Baker
COSTFORD COSTFORD was formed on March 15th 1985 under the leadership and guidance of Shri. C. Achutha Menon, former Chief Minister of Kerala. The Head Office of COSTFORD is at Ayyanthole, Thrissur.
AVOID
SETTING OUT
KARICHARA Soil: Sandy
FOR A SITE WITH A REGULAR SHAPE,THE SIDES ARE MEASURED AND PEGS ARE USED TO MARK THE END POINTS. THE DIAGONAL IS THEN MEASURED AND CHANGES ARE MADE ACCORDINGLY. THE CORNER POINTS HAVE TO BE CHECKED FOR BEING PERPENDICULAR BY USING THE 3,4,5 METHOD(PYTHOGORAS THEROM USED) SIDE
SIDE
Trenches 45x45cm(instead of 45x60cm) are dug for the foundation. The excavated earth is piled up on the site which can later be used for infill in the foundation.
E A R T H W O R K
Random rubble masonry is used for the foundation. String is tied along the trench for alignment of the stones in a straight line
Stones or rubble is filled in by placing the bigger, heavier ones in the lower courses and filling the gaps with smaller ones. The stones are placed such that they interlock and form a bond(mortar is not used) Granite has a bearing capacity of 850kg/cm compared to brick, 70 kg/cm3.
R U B B L E W O R K
CHEMPAZHANTHY (CLIENT:Binoj and Suma)
Soil: Clayey Features:
SREEKARIYAM (CLIENT :Sophia Suresh )
Sloping site, house proposed in 2 levels Mango tree retained in courtyard
Trench for footing Footings are provided only when earth is filled on site The rubble work is started from the South West end.
SOIL DUG OUT IS PLACED IN THE MIDDLE AND USED LATER FOR THE FOUNDATION
KARIMADOM Area :Over 5 hectares Soil: Loose,marshy soil, Site Features: Flat land, a pond situated on site makes the land marshy hence pile foundation is adopted here. PILE FOUNDATION(64 piles per phase) DEPTH: 9m DIAMETER: 40cm-12mm bars (4 piles) 50cm-12mm bars (36 piles) Boring of the pile; pouring concrete mix into the pile 60cm-16mm bars(24 piles) Stirrup – 8mm M20 Grade concrete used. Single piles are used in the corners of the block, where the load is less Double piles are used where the load increases, ie. where the number of stories are more.
SINGLE PILE
DOUBLE PILE
P I L E
F O U N D A T I O Completed piles; the earth around the piles N is excavated till the required depth for the pile cap
Formwork used at Karimadom comprises of trusses(adjustable length, from 3.5 to 4m) ; supports with adjustable heights; the metal plates(0.6 x 1.15m) are placed over the trusses
Truss and the supports
Grooves being made in the wall to accommodate the truss; metal plates being laid over the trusses; trusses are placed into the grooves in the wall
Metal plate
F O R M W O R K
THAZHACHITHAZHA (CLIENT: Shivaprakash) Soil: Clayey soil, moisture laden Vegetation: Coconut, banana and palm trees • Coconut piling used since the soil is moist throughout the year. This prevents the coconut trunks from decaying. • The coconut trunks are used as a whole conventionally . • For this site the coconut trunk was cut into 9 parts due to monetary constraints • More number of piles at the junctions • This method is labour intensive . using a machine to drive the piles would be an expensive option
60cm
45cm
4’
The trunk being cut to size; Placing of the trunk at junctions; Hammering the trunks into the ground is done manually( economical) by placing a metal plate on the trunk to avoid the trunk from breaking
C O C O N U T
P I L I N G
RAT TRAP BOND
Bricks are first placed on the surface using a string as a guide The mortar then filled between the bricks
BRICK SIZE: 21 x 10x 5 cm COST: Rs 4/piece
Rat trap bond is formed by placing bricks “on edge” by alternating header and stretcher to form a 4” cavity between the bricks. ADVANTAGES + It provides insulation to the building. + It saves up to 25% of material(brick and mortar) hence also saving cost. + The cavity prevents rain water from seeping in. DISADVANTAGES - Needs skilled labour. -It can be load bearing only upto 3 stories. Cross junction
A plumb bob and a pipe with water is used is used to check the B verticality and level of the courses respectively R Tube with H2O Plumb bob
cavity Brick on edge L junction
T junction
I C K W O R K
SITES VISITED
PONGUMOODU(CLIENT: Kavitha Nair)
AYIROOPARA (CLIENT: Babu)
B R I C K W O R K
ANANDEESHWARAM (CLIENT: Indirabai) Training Centre for Soil Conservation, CHADAYMANGALAM L- JUNCTION
T- JUNCTION
FILLER SLAB
AYIROOPARA (CLIENT: Babu)
IN THIS TYPE OF A SLAB THE CONCRETE IN THE PARTS OF THE SLAB WITH NO COMPRESSION ARE REPLACED WITH FILLER MATERIAL LIKE CLAY TILES OR POTS,COCONUT SHELLS,ETC. CLAY TILE 40 X 23
8mm DIA STEEL RODS Tiles - 23 x 40 cm Rs 7 per tile Reinforcement – 8mm dia steel rods used Concrete mix- cement : sand : aggregate 1 : 1.5 : 3 For every 100 sq ft 30 kg of steel 5 bags of cement 15 kutta of sand 25 kutta of metal 75 to 90 tiles
ROOF PLAN
REINFORCEMENT ON ROOF
COCONUT SHELLS AND CLAY TILES USED AS FILLER MATERIAL
BEAM DETAILS
C O N C R E T I N G
MANOORKONAM (CLIENT:P G ANAND )
ANANDEESHWARAM (CLIENT :Indirabhai ) Flat roof with a pitched roof on one side
C O N ALAMCODE (CLIENT: Noushad ) C R E T KARIMADOM I N G
MONVILLA (CLIENT: MANMOHAN )
C O N C R E T I N G
1. 2. 3.
4.
5. 6.
7.
BRICKS ARE PLACED AS PER THE REQUIRED HEIGHT. A STRING (LENGTH EQUAL TO THE RADIUS OF THE ARCH IS TAKEN. FORMWORK COMPRISING OF BRICKS BOUND WITH SAND MORTAR IS THE LAID. BRICKS ARE CHAMFERED AT THE EDGES TO GET THE REQUIRED SHAPE AT THE EDGES A CEMENT MIX IS THEN APPLIED TO THE TOP SURFACE OF THE FORMWORK,CONSTANTLY CHECKING THE RADIUS WITH THE STRING BRICKS ARE PLACED AT THE CENTRE AND EDGES OF THE ARCH. THE GAPS ARE THEN FILLED WITH BRICKS AND CEMENT MORTAR . THE FORMWORK IS THE REMOVED ON THE SAME DAY .
SITE: PONGUMOODU CLIENT: Kavitha Nair String Brick formwork
Brick placed in the centre Brick at corner
Bricks placed from one end
A R C H W O R K
Openings in the wall used instead of windows to provide light and ventilation is called a “jalli”. They are formed by deleting a few bricks in the wall thereby forming a pattern in the wall. + They reduce the cost by 30% +They are aesthetically appealing +They can be many variations hence cutting away from monotony + They also create interesting patterns on walls and the ceiling due to the play of light +Visual connect from inside to outside but is omitted from outside to inside J hence providing privacy. - insects, rodents and reptiles can enter through the openings - Needs skilled workmanship
a L L I
MUD COBS
MUD
COIR USED AS REINFORCEMENT. A KNOT IS PROVIED EVERY 20cm.
FERROCEMENT
COBS ARE OVERLAPPED AND PRESSED DOWN FIRMLY
• MUD IS MIXED WITH LIME AND WATER AND USED AS A BUILDING MATERIAL FOR WALLS. • THE MUD IS MOULDED INTO HANDSIZED COBS. • THE COBS ARE THEN PLACED SUCH THAT THEY OVERLAP AND PRESSED DOWN FIRMLY WITH HANDS
MUD FILLED IN
CEMENT+MUD+H2O MIX
GI WIRE FOR REINFORCEMENT
VAULT
REINFORCEMENT IN TWO SHELLS OVERLAP TO PREVENT RAIN WATER FROM SEEPING IN
PLANKS
CHICKEN MESH
A WOODEN PLANK IS USED TO GIVE A SMOOTH FINISH
SLAB
GI WIRE FOR REINFORCEMENT
H S M I T R A I N I N G
BAMBOO FOR PILING
AS REINFORCEMENT
H S M I
LADDER
LADDER BEAM
BAMBOO IS SPLIT AND THEN TIED TOGETHER TO FORM LADDERS WHICH ARE THEN USED IN THE BEAMS
• ONLY 2 VARIETIES USED. IT HAS TO MATURE FOR ATLEAST 5 YEARS BEFORE BEING USED.CAN BE TREATED WITH BORAX AND BORIC POWDER. • BAMBOO PILING DONE BY PLACING THE BAMBOO 45cm APART • THE PILES COMPACT THE SOIL WHEN THEY ARE DRIVEN . THIS COMPACTED SOIL THEN TAKES THE LOAD •SAND IS THEN ADDED ON THE SURFACE
T R A I N I N G
LAURIE BAKER CENTRE FOR HABITAT STUDIES
PLAN (1:200)
ELEVATION(1:20 0) STAGE WITH WATERTANK PLAN(1:200)
LAURIE BAKER CENTRE FOR HABITAT STUDIES
ELEVATION(1:20 0) WATCHMAN’S CABIN
4 1
2
3
5
GROUND FLOOR PLAN(1:200)
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
FIRST FLOOR PLAN(1:200)
Library Store Sit Out Workshop Balcony
ELEVATION(1:20 0) WORKSHOP
LAURIE BAKER CENTRE FOR HABITAT STUDIES
PLAN(1:200)
ELEVATION(1:2 00)
SHED PLAN(1:200)
PLAN(1:200)
ELEVATION(1:2 00) STORE ROOM
LAURIE BAKER CENTRE FOR HABITAT STUDIES
A VIEW OF SHED; THE SEATING AREA ABOVE THE TANK AND ELEVATION(1:2 A VIEW OF THE TANK 00) WATERTANK
1
1
2
3
8
4
7 5
6
BASEMENT PLAN(1:200) GROUND FLOOR PLAN(1:200) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. ELEVATION(1:20 LAURIE BAKER 0) CENTRE FOR HABITAT STUDIES
Store Study Hall Toilet Dining Store Kitchen Utility
A VIEW OF S BLOCK ;THE HALL AND THE DINING AREA
6
7 6
8
5 6 4 7
3 6 2
1
PLAN(1:200)
6
7
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
Entry Kitchen Living Courtyard Study Bedroom Toilet Sit Out
LAURIE BAKER CENTRE FOR HABITAT STUDIES
KEITH’S HOUSE A view of the house; an interior view ; the courtyard with hexagonal columns
4
7 5
3
6 6
4
2 6 1. 2. 3. 4.
1 GROUND FLOOR PLAN(1:200)
5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 9
8
FIRST FLOOR PLAN(1:200)
LAURIE BAKER CENTRE FOR HABITAT STUDIES
Entrance Hall Lobby Warden’s Rm Study area Dormitory Toilet block Hall Sit out
9
E BLOCK A view of the roof; front view; Water feature at the back; toilet block and air vents on the top floor which double as seating
E BLOCK(clockwise from left) A view from the entrance; elevation; stairwell showing jalli; toilet block and a view of the roof
LAURIE BAKER CENTRE FOR HABITAT STUDIES
RANGAPRABHATHChildren’s Theatre.
DOCUMENTED BY: NEHA VADDADI PRANEETA MOORTHY SHOBANA DEVI SWAROOP RAJ
8
7
4 5
6
LEGEND: 1. Properties Room 2. Office Block 3. Amphitheatre 4. Hostel, Auditorium 5. Mini Hall 6. Hall 7. Library 8. Canteen
Scale 1:500
3 2 1
OFFICE ROOMS Ground Floor Plan Scale 1:200
PROPERTIES ROOM First Floor Plan Scale 1:200
1
2
1
2
2
4 LEGEND: 1. Office 2. Properties Room 3. Office 4. Book Binding Room
1
3 1
4 Office Block Ground Floor Plan Scale 1:200
3 LEGEND: 1. Stage 2. Amphitheatre 3. Green rooms 4. Store
2 AMPHITHEAT RE Scale 1:200
3
1
4
AUDITORIU M First Floor Scale 1:200
2
1
HOSTEL BLOCK Ground Floor Scale 1:200
3
LEGEND: 1. Sit Out 2. Dormitory 3. Toilets 4. Auditorium
1 200 LIBRARY Ground Floor Plan Scale 1:200
MINI HALL Scale 1:100
First Floor Plan
LEGEND: 1. Multi-Purpose Rooms 2. Canteen 3. Store 4. Memorial Hall
4
Scale 1:200
2
CANTEEN Scale 1:100
3
SUNIL KUMAR ,VADICHANVECHAKOIL AREA: 8CENTS FEATURES: FLAT LAND SURROUNDING: RESIDENTIAL ACCESS: 1.2m ROAD WATER SOURCES: WELL ELECTRICITY: AVAILABLE REQUIREMENT: EXTENSION OF HOUSE ON FIRST FLOOR(2 BEDROOMS + TOILET)
SITOUT;BAY WINDOW; FILLER SLAB WITH BOTTLE WORK;FILLER SLAB WITH DIAMOND SHAPED POINTING WORK; JALLI WORK
Site : Varkala ASHA(Asst. Executive Engineer)
PREVIOUSLY PROPOSED PLAN TWO SCHEMES PRESENTED
SITE: FLAT,WITH A LEVEL DIFFERENCE ACCESS: 3m ROAD WATER: NO WELL VEGETATION: BANANA PLANTATIONS,SILVER OAK TREES DESIGN STAGE
EXISTING BUILDINGS BY LAURIE BAKER :
MITRANIKETAN
THE HAMLET
ADMIN BLOCK;LIBRARY;COMPUTER BLK;HOSTEL;OAT;LIBRARY;CURVED WALL WITH JALLI WORK;SEMINAR HALLS;SEMI OPEN SPACES;AUDITORIUM
INDIAN COFFEE HOUSE
SPIRAL BUILDING WITH THE RAMP BEING THE HIGHLIGHT JALLI USED THROUGHOUT.
CENTRE FOR DEVELOPMENT STUDIES
LOYOLA CHAPEL , AUDITORIUM AND GIRL’S HOSTEL
AUDITORIUM:CAPACITY OF 500 PEOPLE WALLS ARE CONSTRUCTED IN A ZIGZAG PATTERN FOR ACOUSTICS. DOUBLE WALL USED
C H A P E L
VIEW FROM OUTSIDE; JALLI WORK ADORNS THE WALLS; JALLI TO REPRESENT A CROSS IN THE CHAPEL; WOODEN RAFTERS FOR THE ROOF; A REVOLVING DOOR ; IN BUILT SEATING ON STAGE
G I R L’ S H O S T E L VIEW FROM THE ROAD;JALLI USED EXTENSIVELY;USE OF GSBLE WINDOWS;COURTYARD INSIDE FLANKED BY POINTED ARCHES; BUILT IN SEATING
SEWA, VILLAPILSALA
RESIDENTIAL PROJECTS ANIRUDHAN’S HOUSE,PATTOM(1979) One of the first houses built by Baker.
ORIENTATION OF BUILDING ON SITE SUCH THAT THE WALLS ARE NOT PARALLEL TO THE COMPOUND WALL; ENTRANCE ; ARCHES FOR OPENINGS IN THE WALLS; KITCHEN AND JALLI WORK FACING THE COURTYARD
I S GULATI’S HOUSE Built in 1982 Cost – 45,000 Site : Sloping,with a view towards a valley below. Use of brick and stone. Changes have been made to the interiors strying away from the conventional baker house
VIEWS FROM THE FRONT AND BACK OF THE HOUSE; INTERIORS OF THE HOUSE.
COLONEL JACOB’S HOUSE (COST: 2.5 LAKHS FOR 2200 SQ FT) CLIMATE RESPONSE: DOUBLE WALL,56cm thick, ON THE EASTERN SIDE TO PROVIDE INSULATION. SHADOW EFFECT OF TREES AIR VENTS PROVIED TO LET HOT AIR ESCAPE AND LET COOL AIR TO FLOW IN
Built in furniture and spaces below the stairs used for wash basin space
KITCHEN: THE SLAB HAS BEEN DESIGNED SUCH THAT THERE IS MINIMUM MOVEMENT OF THE PERSON
View of the house; outhouse with the water feature;
Arches and niches for storage; jalli in the living room;
Sit out; bedroom;
Arched openings on the top floor; air vents OUTHOUSE: RUBBLE + BRICK WORK
SURESH’S HOUSE(EX HUDCO CHAIRMAN) (COST: 12 LAKHS ) FEATURES: •A SPIRAL BUILDING , 4 STORIES HIGH •RAT TRAP BOND USED THROUGHOUT,( LOAD BEARING) •COURTYARD CETRALLY PLACED WITH WINDOWS FACING THE COURTYARD • MOVEMENT/CIRCULATION IN A CIRCULAR MANNER. •PRIVACY KET IN MIND AND HENCE ONE MOVES FROM PUBLIC TO PRIVATE SPACES SEQUENTIALLY. • SPACES LIKE BALCONIES HAVE BEEN PLACED TO GET ADEQUATE PRIVACY AND GIVE AN INTIMATE FEEL. •USE OF TERRACOTTA TILES ON THE WALLS AND FLOOR
VIEW FROM OUTSIDE; ENTRY ; LIVING AND COURTYARD
CORBELLED ARCHES; FILLER SLAB IN THE FAMILY ROOM;STAIRWELL AND THE ROOF WITH WATER FEATURES WHICH KEEP THE BUILDING COOL
SECTION OF THE AIR VENT IN THE LIVING ROOM
A CORBELLED NICHE WITH SCULPTURES; AIRVENT IN THE ROOF; BOTTLE WORK IN THE LIVING ROOM; LANDSCAPED AREAS
COSTFORD WORKS: INSTITUTIONAL: BRAILLE WITHOUT BORDERS,VELLAYANI
KARSHAKA BHAVAN, ANAYARA
VIEW FROM ENTRANCE; VIEW OF THE ADMIN BLOCK
VIEW FROM ENTRANCE; DINING/AUDITORIUM; OAT; HOSTEL BLOCK; OFFICE BLOCK
TEXTURED TILES USED AT ENTRIES AND ON STEPS
HOSTEL BLOCK: OCTAGONAL PLAN WITH COURTYARD IN THE CENTRE
CHADAYMANGALAM
SAGARA RESORT, KOVALAM THIS PROJECT SHOWS HOW COST EFFECTIVE TECHNIQUES CAN BE APPLIED TO HIGH END REQUIREMENTS
RESIDENTIAL PROJECTS: SAAJAN P THOMAS, MANANTHALA
MERLE’S HOUSE, VATTAPARA
SOMA KUMAR’S HOUSE,MANGALAPURAM
BAMBOO USED FOR PILING AS WELL AS THE GRILL FOR THE KERELA WINDOW AND THE RAILINGS OF THE STAIRCASE
VIEW; SITOUT; LOBBY; LIVING; BUILT IN SEATING; WOODEN STAIRCASE; BALCONY; COURTYARD
NELSON’S HOUSE, MANANTHALA
RAJESH,EDAPHALAZHANJI
SASIKUMAR, PALLIPURAM
OTHER BUILDINGS VISITED
MUD HOUSE AT CHATHANOOR DESIGNED BY EUGENE
AMMA VEED,WEST FORT
KANAKAKUNNU PALACE