report on high rise building

REPORT ON HIGH RISE BUILDING DETAILED ANALYSIS OF ITS FAÇADE, SERVICES, AND OTHER ELEMENTS

SUBMITTED TOAR. NIDHI SACHDEVA AR. AR. GANDHARVA SWAMI

SUBMISSION BYPRANJAL KHANNA THIRD YEAR SECTION B

What Is a High-Rise Building?

A building is an enclosed structure that has walls, floors, a roof, and usually windows. “ A ‘ tall building ’is a multi-story structure in which most occupants depend on elevators [lifts] to reach their destinations.

The most prominent tall buildings are called ‘ high-rise buildings ’in most countries and ‘ tower blocks ’in Britain and some European countries.” A high-rise building can be defined as follows: Any structure where the height can have a serious impact on evacuation For most purposes, the cut-off point for high-rise buildings is around seven stories. Sometimes, the definition is stated in terms of linear height (feet or meters) rather than stories. Generally, a high-rise structure is one that extends higher than the maximum reach of available fire-fighting equipment. In absolute numbers, this has been set variously between 75 feet (23 meters) and 100 feet (30 meters), 5 or about seven to ten stories (depending on the slab-to-slab distance between floors). The exact height above which a particular building is deemed a high-rise is specified by fire and building codes for the country, region, state, or city where the building is located. When the building exceeds the specified height, then fire, an ever-present danger in such facilities, must be fought by fire personnel from inside the building rather than from outside using fire hoses and ladders. For practicality and convenience such a multi-level or multi-story structure uses elevators as a vertical transportation system and, in addition, some utilize escalators to move people between lower floors

NEED FOR HIGH RISE BUILDINGS High rise building are built out of necessity as one of a wide range of tools to achieve high density development. They provide opportunity to control urban sprawl with their relatively small footprint. High rise buildings are becoming prominent these days due to following reasons:1. scarcity of land 2. increasing demand for business and residential space 3. economic growth 4. technological advancement 5. innovations in structural systems 6. desire for aesthetics in urban setting 7. cultural significance and , 8. prestige human aspiration to build higher

STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS OF HIGHRISE BUILDING DESIGN • A building needs to be stabilized for horizontal load and to achieve this, several different structural systems can be chosen. All of the different systems have evolved from the traditional rigidly jointed structural frame. The fundamental design for all these structural systems have been to place as much of the load-carrying material as possible around the buildings external fringe to maximize its flexural rigidity.

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Framed tube structures

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Bundled tube

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Tube in tube Diagonalised – and rigid frame Outrigger system Hybrid structure

HANGZHOU WANGCHAO CENTER • Location: Hangzhou, China • Completion: 2021 • Site Area: 10,418 m2 • Project Area: 125,000 m2 • Market: Commercial + Office, Hospitality • Service: Architecture, MEP, Structural + Civil Engineering

The Hangzhou Wangchao Center will contribute to the transformation. It will provide 125,000 square meters of office, hotel and retail space, while marking a gateway into the Qianjiang Century Town development. Adjacent to one of the city’s new subway stations, the project exemplifies smart, transit-oriented development. The tower’s expressive silhouette is the result of an integrated architectural and engineering solution.

Usages • Main Usage • commercial office • hotel • Side Usage • shop(s)

As the corner columns move further apart, secondary perimeter columns branch out to maintain equal column bays. Above the lobby, a Vierendeel transfer truss transfers the secondary columns to the corner columns, creating an open lobby space below.

At the tower’s crown, the primary corner columns extend upward to a truss at the top level.

SITE PLAN

with circulation and MEP services

Staircase Lift lobby Hotel lobby shafts

Ground floor

ELEVATION AND SCTION

Structure in General Building type skyscraper Building status under construction[frame assembly] Structural material composite structure Facade material glass

Technical Data Height (architectural) Floors (above ground) Floors (below ground) Construction start Construction end

288.00 m 54 4 2018 2021

An efficient structural system minimizes wind loads, while creating highly flexible floor plates that accommodate the office and hotel program requirements. A central concrete core and sloping perimeter columns support composite steel floor framing and truss deck slabs. Eight corner mega-columns slope outward to open up large, flexible floor plates.

CURTAIN GLAZING TECHNICAL AND INSTALLATION DETAILS

MEP CORE SERVICE BLOCK OF THE BUILDING

The crown consists of hangers and spandrels braced back to the central concrete core with a series of struts. These work in tandem to support MEP equipment, along with concealed building maintenance systems.

DETAIL OF THE ENTRANCE

3-D ISOMETRIC VIEW OF ENTRANCE WITH CURTAIN GLAZING

LOAD, STRUCTURE AND FRAMING OF THE BUILDING The tower's expressive silhouette is the result of an integrated architectural and engineering solution. An efficient structural system minimizes wind loads, while creating highly flexible floor plates that accommodate the office and hotel program requirements. A central concrete core and sloping perimeter columns support composite steel floor framing and truss deck slabs. Eight corner megacolumns slope outward to open large, flexible floor plates. As the corner columns move further apart, secondary perimeter columns branch out to maintain equal column bays.

Above the lobby, a Vierendeel transfer truss transfers the secondary columns to the corner columns, creating an open lobby space below.

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

RCC CORE

PERIMETER FRAME

FLOORING FRAME

BURJ KHALIFA • Location: Dubai, United Arab Emirates • Project Completion: 2010 • Site Area: 104,210 m2 • Project Area: 454,249 m2 • Number of Stories: 162 • Building Height: 828 M • Market: Commercial + Office, Hospitality, Mixed Use, Residential • Service: Architecture, MEP, Structural + Civil Engineering, Tall Buildings • Parking: 2 subterranean levels

SITE PLAN with circulation

• Concourse level to level 8 and level 38 and 39 will feature the Armani Hotel Dubai. Levels 9 to 16 will exclusively house luxurious one and two-bedroom Armani Residences.

• Floors 45 through 108 are private ultraluxury residences. The Corporate Suites occupy most of the remaining floors, except for level 122 which houses Atmosphere and level 124, the tower's public observatory, At the Top, Burj Khalifa.

Staircase Lift lobby Lobby shafts

• For the convenience of homeowners, the tower has been divided into sections with exclusive Sky Lobbies on Levels 43, 76 and 123 that feature state-of-the-art fitness facilities including a Jacuzzis on Level 43 and 76. The Sky Lobbies on 43 and 76 additionally house swimming pools and a recreational room each that can be utilized for gatherings and lifestyle events — offering an unparalleled experience, both pools open to the outside offering residents the option of swimming from inside to the outside balcony.

• Other facilities for residents include a Residents' Library, and Lafayette Gourmet, a gourmet convenience store and a meeting place for the residents. Valet parking is provided for guests and visitors.

Staircase Lift lobby Lobby shafts

SOUTH EAST OUTER PARKING SOUTH WEST OUTER PARKING MEP CORE SERVICES NORTH OUTER PARKING POOL PAVILLION

LIFT PLANNING IN BHUJ KHALIFA

BHUJ KHALIFA UNDER CONSTRUCTION

CURTAIN GLAZING IN PROCESS OF CONSTRUCTION