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limit whole grains and carbohydrates in the diet which are a main source of energy.
By Jul i a n n e Po n dell i , RM , RF S
Emotional:
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esearch shows that adolescent athletes are twice as likely to develop eating disorders than non-athletes. For athletes to achieve high levels of success, they most likely have a natural competitive nature and strong discipline. This desire for perfection can increase the likelihood of underfueling. For those adolescent athletes in an aesthetic sport, where they are being judged on appearance and performance, the risk of disordered eating is even greater. Knowing the warning signs can help coaches to intervene in a timely manner. Addressing disordered eating patterns early can prevent a full eating disorder from developing. This will also increase the likelihood of full recovery. There are both emotional and physical signs that there may be patterns of restriction, disordered eating, or high risk behaviors around food.
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Preoccupation and increased concern with weight, weight loss, diets, calories, and exercise: Constantly talking about food and weight can signal that there may be an issue developing. Focusing too intently on numbers such as calories or what the scale says start out innocent enough but can easily spiral into an obsession. Counting calories and incessant weigh-ins can be cause for concern, as well as the need to exercise to ‘burn off ” calories.
Food restrictions: Restricting foods may be disguised as becoming vegetarian, vegan or gluten free. These diets are fine to follow as long as the goal is not calorie restriction. If your athlete tells you they are following a new diet, inquire about the reasoning behind it. For example, a gluten free diet is only necessary for a diagnosis of celiac disease. Research does not support the testimonials of weight loss and increased energy of removing gluten from the diet. Since gluten is a protein found in wheat, being gluten free will
Skipping meals: Intermittent fasting is a huge trend at the moment, however there is very little scientific evidence to support the claims and skipping meals can actually have detrimental effects. Studies have proven that athletes’ performance significantly decreases when fasting. Going too long without eating can cause a dip in blood sugar. This may leave you feeling anxious and moody due to a release in cortisol (the stress hormone). Common meals that are skipped are breakfast, or only having coffee for breakfast or lunch. Not eating throughout the day can cause a binge at dinner which may perpetuate more restriction the next day starting a vicious cycle. Hormonal imbalances: Mood disorders are oftentimes a comorbidity of an eating disorder. Anxiety and mood swings can accompany food restriction due to low blood sugar levels and the release of cortisol. Rituals: This includes cutting or tearing foods into small pieces, pushing food around the plate, organizing or separating food on the plate. Rituals can also be only allowing oneself a certain
