അന്തര്‍ധാര മാസിക ഒക്ടോബര്‍ 2020

]{Xm[n]°pdn∏v

lm-jv Sm-Kp-Iƒ-°-∏p-dw \n-e-]m-Sp-Iƒ hy-‡-am-°q kp-lr-Øp-°-tf... H-∂p sN-hn h-´w ]n-Sn-®p t\m-°p-I. Np-‰p-\n-∂pw \n- -lm-b-cp-sS \n-e-hn-fn-Iƒ tIƒ°p-∂n-t√? kv-{Xo-Iƒ, `n-∂ enw-K-°m¿, Ip-™p-߃, Z-fn-X¿, B-Zn-hm-kn-Iƒ, \yq-\-]£-߃, I¿-j-I¿, sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ... H-∂p Iq-sS kq-£v-a-am-bn {i-≤n-°q hn-I-k-\Øn-s‚ _pƒ-tUm-k-dp-Iƒ C-Sn-®p \n-c-∏m-°n-b In-S-∏m-S-ß-fn¬ \n-∂v... ]n-d-∂ a-Æn\n-∂v F-tßm-s´-¶n-epw H-gn-™p t]m-bv-s°m-≈m≥ Xn-´q-cw \¬-I-s∏-´-h-cp-sS tX-ßep-Iƒ tIƒ-°p-∂n-t√. \m-sf km-{am-Py-Xz-Øn-s‚ I¬-∏-\-Iƒ-°-\p-k-cn-®v \-Ω-fpw B-´n-tbm-Sn-°-s∏-Smw. `-cn-°p-∂-Xv A-h-cm-Wv. \mw thm-´p sN-bv-Xv A-b-®-h¿ A-h-cp-sS Z-√m-f-∑m¿ am-{Xw. A-¥m-cm-{„ kq-Nn-I-Iƒ Hm-tcm-∂m-bn h-cp-∂p. cm-Pyw k-I-e ta-J-e-I-fn-epw Xf-cp-∂p. F-∂m¬ \-Ωp-sS `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ-°v H-cp Ip-ep-°-hp-an-√. Im-c-Ww, A-h¿°v lq td-bv hn-fn-®p sIm-≠v `-‡-kw-L-߃ Iq-sS-bp-≠-t√m! {]-Pm-]-Xn-bp-sS sIm´m-c-Øn-se kv-Xp-Xn-]mT-I-sc t]m-se.

H-cp a-I-sf am-\-`w-K-s∏-Sp-Øn-b ti-jw \m-h-cn-™v, F-√p sR-cn-®p sIm-∂v s]‰-Ω-tb-bpw A-—-t\-bpw D-S-∏n-d-∏n-t\-bpw _-μn-bm-°n \-´-∏m-Xn-c-bv-°v Np-s´-cn-®p I-f™-Xv ln-μp k-\ym-kn-sb-∂v A-h-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂ H-cp ap-Jy-a-{¥n-bp-sS \m-´n-em-Wv. Abm-sf \ym-bo-I-cn-°m-\pw B ]m-hw s]-Æn-s‚ A-¥- n-s\ tNm-Zyw sN-øm-\pw C-hnsS B-cm-[-I-cp-≠m-bn. sIm-√-s∏-´-Xv kz-¥w a-I-tfm k-tlm-Z-cn-tbm A-Ω-tbm A-√t√m! tI-c-f-Øn-s‚ sX-cp-hp-I-fn-epw tkm-jy¬ ao-Un-b-I-fn-epw lYv-dm-kn-se {Iq-c-Xbv-s°-Xn-sc tcm-j-{]-I-S-\-ß-fp-≠m-bn. ]-t£ kz-¥w aq-°n-\p Io-sg hm-f-bm-dn¬ Htc ho-´n-se c-≠p Ip-™p-ß-sf am-\-`w-K-s∏-Sp-Øn-b ti-jw sIm-∂v sI-´n-Øq-°n-b-Xp Nq-≠n-°m-Wn-°p-tºmƒ Nn-e¿ X-e-bn¬ ap-≠n-´v ap-ßp-∂p. l-Yv-dm-kn¬ \n-∂v hm-f-bm-dn-te-°pw Xn-cn-®pw H-tc Zq-c-am-sW-∂v k-Ω-Xn-°m≥ cm-{„o-bm-Sn-a-Øw X-S- -am-Ip-∂p. lm-„m-Kn¬ H-∂p am-{Xw sI-´n-Øq-°n A-h-cn-cp-hcpw P-\m-[n-]-Xy-hm-Zn-I-sf-∂v `m-hn-°p-∂p.

D-b¿-∂p h-cp-∂ F-√m P-\-Io-b sN-dp-Øp \n¬-∏p-I-tf-bpw A-Sn-®-a¿-Øp-∂-Xn`-c-W-Iq-S-߃ H-∂m-Wv. CAA, NRC, A-tbm-≤y Xp-S-ßn-b A-\ym-b \-S-]-Sn-I-fn-eq-sS ap-…nw P-\-X-tb-bpw, tIm¿-∏-td-‰v A-\p-Iq-e \n-b-a-\n¿-Ωm-W-Øn-eq-sS I¿-j-I-tc-bpw sXm-gn-em-fn-I-sf-bpw \n-cm-i-cpw \n-cm-{i-b-cp-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. kz-Im-cy Ip-Ø-I-Iƒ°p th-≠n ]-cn-ÿn-Xn, hn-Zym-`ym-k \n-b-a-߃ am-‰n-sb-gp-Xn-°-gn-™p. C-ß-s\ t]mIp-∂p tI-{μ k¿-°m-dn-s‚ sN-bv-Xn-I-sf-¶n¬ km-{am-Py-Xz- tIm¿-∏-td-‰v tk-h-bnkw-ÿm-\ k¿-°m-dpw H-´pw ]n-∂n-e-√. a-lm-am-cn-bp-sS t]-cn¬ P-\-ß-sf ho-´p-X-S-¶-enen-´v hn-hm-Z ]-≤-Xn-Iƒ-°p th-≠n `q-an-tb-s‰-Sp-°m-\p-≈ Xn-Sp-°-Øn-em-W-h¿. J-\-\ am-^n-b-°p th-≠n Izm-dn-I-fp-sS Zq-c-]-cn-[n Ip-d-bv-°p-∂p. A-h-ti-jn-°p-∂ ]-®-∏pw Ir-jn-`q-an-bpw Iq-sS-bn-√m-Xm-°p-∂ sI - sd-bn¬, B-dp-h-cn tZ-io-b-]m-X, Xp-c-¶-]m-X Xp-S-ßn F-s¥-√mw ]-≤-Xn-I-fm-Wv? a-Æpw sh-≈-hp-am-Wv Po-h-s‚ A-Sn-ÿm-\-sa-∂v Xn-cn-®-dn-bm-\p-≈ hn-th-Iw t]m-epw C-√m-Xm-bn-cn-°p-∂p. hm-f-bm-dn-epw ]m-e-Øm-bn-bnepw \-S-∂ ]o-U-\-ß-fn-se {]-Xn-I-sf c-£-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂ hn-[-am-Wv A-t\z-j-Ww \-S-∂sX-∂v tIm-S-Xn t]m-epw kw-i-bw {]-I-Sn-∏n-®p. F-∂n-´pw `-‡-kw-L-߃ kv-Xp-Xn ]mSn-s°m-t≠-bn-cn-°p∂p.

F-hn-tS-bpw in-£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv ]m¿-iz-h-Xv-Ir-X-cm-Wv, Iq-Sp-X-em-bpw kv-{Xo-I-fmWv. A-Xn-\m¬ Cu e-°w t]m-cm-Sp-∂ kv-{Xo-Iƒ-°m-bn k-a¿-∏n-°p-∂p.

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A¥¿[m-c

H-tŒm-_¿ 2020

aebmfØnse GI tkmjyenÃv amknI

FUnt‰mdnb¬ t_m¿Uv AUz. Fkv. cmPtiJc≥ (sNb¿am≥)

tUm. sI. {ioIpam¿ C.sI. {io\nhmk≥ AUz. ]n. cPn\m¿°v sI. cm-Po-hv-Ip-am¿ C.sI. Znt\i≥ ]n.sI. cmP≥ Sn.]n. {io[c≥ hnPbcmLh≥ tNenb FUn‰¿ hnPbcmLh≥ tNenb vr.cheliya@gmail.com Ih¿ s]bn‚nwKv tacn F¿an\ tdm{UnKvkv Unssk≥ & te Hu´v Fw at\mlc≥ B∏nƒ tSm°v Un Sn ]n : eo\ \mcmbW≥ B¿Sv FUn‰¿ (KÃv) d“m≥ sImgp-°√q¿

_‘߃°v C sI {io\nhmk≥ (P\d¬ kn{I´dn temlym hnNmcthZn kwÿm\ kanXn)

tIihw tNenb t]mÃv sImbnem≠n˛673306 Ph: 9446068843 sreenikesavam@gmail.com {]-kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂ te-J-\-߃ ]q¿-Æ-am-bpw A-¥¿-[m-cb - p-sS A-`n-{]m-bß - f - m-IW - s - a-∂n-√.˛-FU - n-‰¿

Hcp temlym hnNmcthZn {]kn≤oIcWw

tem-ly: C-¥y-bn-se B-Zy kv{- Xo]-£ N - n-¥I - ≥ - tUm. e-fn-X-[m-c\o-Xn \n-tj-[-Øn-s\-Xn-sc kv-{Xo-Iƒ D-W-cp-∂p s{]m-^. Ip-kp-aw tPm-k-^v l-Yv-dm-kn¬ \n-∂v H-cp Z-fn-Xv s]¨-Ip-´n-bp-sS \n-e-hn-fn-bp-b-cp-∂p A-cp-‘-Xn Zp-cpkv-{Xo-I-ƒ C-t∏mƒ D-W¿-∂n-s√-¶n]n-s∂ B-cpw _m-°n-bm-hn-√ sI.-A-Pn-XA-[n-Im-ch - y-hÿ - am-dm-sX kv{- Xo-Iƒ kz-X{- ¥-cm-hn-√ tUm.- J-Zo-Pm- apw-Xm-kvB-W[ - n-Im-cw s]m-Xp-t_m-[h - pw `-cW - I - q-S cm-jv{- So-bh - p-am-hp-tºmƒ kw-`h - n-°p-∂X - v sI.-sI.-ca- kv{XoIƒ C\nbpw \n»-_vZc- m-bn-cp-∂p-IqSm _¬-°n-kv _m-\p-Z-fn-Xv ]o-V-\-߃ hw-i-l-Xy- Iq-sS-bm-Wv am-bm-{]-tam-Zvs]-Æp-S-¬ H-cp I-fn-∏m-´-a-√ A-ºn-fn Hm-a-\-°p-´≥kv-{Xo-Iƒ i-_v-Zn-®p-sIm-t≠-bn-cn-°-Ww [-\y hn.hn. kv-{Xo-\o-Xn Hu-Zm-cy-a-√ kn-ÿ A-\p-]-alm-jv Sm-Kp-Iƒ I-Y ]-d-bp-tºmƒ -c-ay hn.B¿.s]-Æn-\pw H-cp a-\- p-s≠-∂v F-∂m-Wn-h¿ Xn-cn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xv ? bm-an- tam-l≥ s]-Æp-S-en-s‚ A-h-Im-iw Aw-_n-I hn.Un. A-\ym-b-hn-[n hn-\o-X A-\n¬tI-c-f-∏n-d-hn Zn-\-Øn¬ e-£w {]-Xn-tj-[ Pzm-e hm-f-bm-dn-se A-Ω-tbm-sSm-∏w \n¬-°q... hn.-Fw.-am¿-k≥ PmXnsb Hfn®p ISØp∂ {]_p≤tIcfw tUm. -{]-tam-Zv, I-Sp-I-´nP-\-Io-b k-a-c-ß-fp-sS tXm-g≥ -Pn-tbm tPm-kv F-\n-°pw B-lm-cw X-∂ ]m-kzm≥ F-®p-an-°p-´n kv{- Xo-Is- f A-S® - p-]q-´m≥ ]p-cp-j\ - v F-¥h - I - m-iw? a- l - m-flm-Km-‘n-bp-hm-°-tf, hn-π-hw \-bn-°m≥ k-∂-≤-cm-hp-I...

P-b{- ]-Im-iv \m-cm-bW - ≥BIvSn-hn-Ãp-Isf {]-tNm-Zn-∏n-°p∂p k-\o-jv ]-\ß - m-Sv

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11 13 15

16 17 18 20 21 21 22 23 25 25 26 27 28 31 32 34 35 36

s]bn‚nwKvkv AcpW Bet©cn F sI tim`\ `mcXn sk¥n¬h≥ \ue sP_n≥ jl\mkv Dkvam≥ Imb¬hngn tkXpIcmip \nXyssjPp anØp sI.

temlym hnNmcthZn kwÿm\ kanXn°v th≠n {]knU‚ v AUz. Fkv.cmPtiJc≥ A¥¿[m-c ({io \ntIX≥, NnddmewtImSv, IpS∏\°p∂v.]n.H., Xncph\¥]pcw, 695043) A®Sn®p {]kn≤oIcn°p∂Xv. t^m¨: 9447034808

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{]-h ¿-Øn-°p-tºmƒ X-s∂ X-t‚-Xm-b cm-jv-{So-b Nn-¥°pw am¿-§-Øn-\pw h-gn Xp-d∂p A-t±-lw. 1940 I-fn-epw 50 I-fn-epw X-t‚-Xp-am-{X-am-b Hcp Nn-¥m-]-≤-Xn-°pw cm-jv-{Sob Zn-i-°pw cq-]w \¬-In. 1950 I-fp-sS a-≤y-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn BZ¿-im-[n-jvTn-X k-aq-lØ - n-s‚ kz-`m-h-hpw L-S-\-bpw A-Xnte-s°-Øp-∂-Xn-\p-≈ ]m-Xbpw cq-]-s∏-Sp-Øn.

P-\m-[n-]-Xy {]-{In-b-bneq-sS t\-Sn-sb-Sp-°m≥ I-gn-bp∂ H-cp tkm-jy-en-Ãv cm-jv-{Sam-bn-cp-∂p tem-ly-bp-sS k¶¬-∏-Øn¬ D-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. am¿-Iv-kn-k-Øn¬ \n-∂pw Km‘n-k-Øn¬ \n-∂pw hy-Xy-kvX-am-b Xn-I-®pw \q-X-\-am-b Hcp tkm-jy-en-Ãv {]-Xy-b-imkv-{X-am-Wv tem-ly hn-`m-h-\w sN-bv-X-Xv. F-∂m¬ {]-Xy-bim-kv-{X-sa-∂ \n-e-°v am¿-Iv-

tem-ly: C-¥y-bn-se B-Zy kv-{Xo]-£ -Nn-¥-I-≥ -tUm. e-fn-X-[m-c-

C

-cp-]-Xmw \q-‰m-≠n¬ C¥y kr-jv-Sn-® A-Xp-ey -{]-Xn`-I-fn¬ ap≥-]-¥n-bn¬ \n¬°p-∂ hy-‡n-bm-Wv tUm.-dmwa-t\m-l¿ tem-ly. bp-‡n-hmZn-bpw D¬-∏-Xn-jv-Wp-hpw AtXm-sSm-∏w A-Xy-[n-Iw \n¿-Ωe-am-b hy-‡n-Xz-Øn-\p-S-a-bpam-bn-cp-∂p tem-ly. B-¥-cnI D¬-t{]-c-W-I-fp-sS ]n≥-_e-ap-≈ G-‰-hpw X-\-Xm-b Nn¥-I-fp-sS D-S-a-bm-bn-cp-∂p At±-lw. P-\m-[n-]X - y-Øn-epw k-

4

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a-Xz-Øn-epw km-aq-ln-I \o-Xnbn-epw k-am-[m-\-Øn-epw A[n-jvTn-X-am-b H-cp tkm-jy-enÃv C-¥y-bm-Wv A-t±-lw kz]v-\w I-≠-Xv. A-Xn-cp-I-fpw \nb- { ¥- W - ß - f p- a n- √ m- Ø H- c p tem-I-sØ-bm-Wv A-t±-lw hn`m-h-\w sN-bv-X-Xv. ssh-cp-≤yß-fn-√m-Ø, H-tc-k-a-bw tZ-iob-hm-Zn-bpw km¿-Δ-tZ-io-b-hmZn-bpw B-bn-cp-∂p tem-ly.

1932˛¬ D-]c - n-]T - \ - Ø - n-\pti-jw P¿-Ω-\n-bn¬ \n-∂v Xncn-s®-Øn-b D-S≥-X-s∂ tZ-iob {]-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚ `m-K-ambn. tIm¨-{K- n-s‚ `m-K-am-bn

kn-k-tØ-bpw Km-‘n-k-tØbpw A-t±-lw ]q¿-Æ-am-bn \ncm-I-cn-®n-√. A-h-bn¬ A-¥¿eo-\-am-b A-]-cym-]v-X-X-Iƒ A-t±-lw Nq-≠n-°m-Wn-®p. C¥y≥ ]m- c - º - c y- s Ø Dƒs°m-≈p-∂-Xpw C-¥y≥ kml-Nc - y-߃-°\ - p-kr-Xh - p-am-b H-cp tkm-jy-en-Ãv X-Xz-Nn-¥bv-°m-Wv tem-ly cq-]w \¬In-b-Xv. tI-{μo-Ir-X P-\m-[n]-Xy-sa-∂ I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãv am-XrI-bpw `-c-W-Iq-S \n-b-{¥n-X-amb s\-{lp-hn-b≥ tkm-jy-enk-hpw A-t±-lw \n-cm-I-cn-®p. cm-jv{- So-bh - pw km-aq-ln-Ih - p-am-

b, Xn-I-®pw hn-tI-{μo-Ir-X-amb H-cp km-º-Øn-I L-S-\-bmWv tem-ly-bp-sS tkm-jy-enk-Øn-s‚ Im-X¬. km-aq-lnI am-‰-Øn-\v km-º-Øn-I LS-\-bp-sS am-‰-sØ am-{X-a-√ B-{i-bn-®-Xv. cm-jv-{So-b, kmº-Øn-I L-S-\-bp-sS s]m-fns®-gp-Øn-t\m-sSm-∏w km-aq-lnI-hpw kmw-kv-Im-cn-I-hp-am-b L-S-\ Iq-Sn s]m-fn-s®-gp-X-Wsa-∂v tem-ly hm-Zn-®p. hw-iob a-ln-a-bpw Cw-•o-jv `m-j-bpsS {]m-am-Wn-I-X-bpw F-Xn¿°-s∏-tS-≠-h-bm-sW-∂v A-t±lw I-cp-Xn. H-tc X-Xz-Nn-¥bp-sS `m-K-am-bn-´m-Wv Pm-Xn-bptS-bpw enw-K-Øn-t‚-bpw A-Snÿm- \ - Ø n- e p- ≈ h¿- § o- I - c Ww D-≠m-bn-´p-≈-sX-∂m-bn-cp∂p tem-ly-bp-sS Im-gv-N-∏m-Sv. {_m-“-W-˛]p-cp-j -B[n-]-XysØ A-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv temly F-Xn¿-Ø-Xv. Pm-Xn-bp-tSbpw enw-K-Øn-s‚-Xp-am-b c≠p ÿm-]-\-ß-fp-tS-bpw LS-\ X-I¿-°-s∏-S-W-sa-∂v At±-lw I-cp-Xn. Pm-Xn-bp-tS-bpw enw- K - Ø n- t ‚- X p- a m- b c- ≠ p th¿-Xn-cn-hp-Iƒ F-∂ te-J\-Øn¬ tem-ly-bp-sS Nn-¥Iƒ hy-‡-am-°-s∏-´n-´p-≠v. alm-fl-^q-se, tUm.-Aw-t_-ZvI¿, jm-lp a-lm-cm-Pv, s]-cntbm¿ F-∂n-h-cp-sS Nn-¥-I-fpam-bn tem-ly-bp-sS Nn-¥-Iƒ H-Øp-t]m-Ip-∂-h-bm-Wv. tZ-iob A-Xn-cp-I-fpw `q-an-im-kv-{X]-c-am-b A-Xn¿-h-c-ºp-I-fpw t`-Zn-°p-∂X - m-bn-cp-∂p tem-lybp-sS Nn-¥-Iƒ. A-t±-l-Øns‚ ]-cn-KW - \ - m-Xe - w h-fs - c hnim-e-am-bn-cp-∂p. cm-Py-߃ XΩn-epw cm-Py-Øn-\p-≈n-epw \ne-\n¬-°p-∂ A-k-a-Xzw C-√mXm-I-Ww. A-Xp-t]m-se Pm-XnIƒ X-Ωn-epw h¿-§-߃ XΩn-epw enw-K-߃ X-Ωn-epw hw-i-߃ X-Ωn-epw k-aq-l߃ X-Ωn-epw \n-e\ - n¬-°p-∂ A-k-a-Xzw C-√m-Xm-I-Ww, iq-

enw-Kk - a- X - zw km-aq-ln-I k-aX - z-Øn-s‚ `m-Ka- mbn D-≠m-tI-≠-Xm-sW-∂v tem-ly hn-iz-kn-®p. ssew-Kn-IX - , ]m-Xn-{h-Xyw, I-\y-Im-Xzw, Nm-cn-{Xyip-≤n, k-Zm-Nm-cw Xp-Sß - n-b hn-jb - ß - f- n¬ XnI-®pw bm-Ym-ÿn-Xn-Ia- √- m-Ø \n-e] - m-Sp-If- m-bncp-∂p A-t±-lØ - n-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂X - v. kv{- Xo-Iƒ°v k-aq-lw \¬-Ip-∂ A-¥ - n-\m-bn-cp-∂p At±-lw {]m-[m-\yw \¬-In-bn-cp-∂-Xv. kv-{Xo-Iƒ sN-øp-∂ sXm-gn¬ A-¥ - n-s‚ Nn-”a- m-bn At±-lw I-≠p. ]p-cp-j≥ sN-øp-∂ G-Xp sXmgn-epw kv-{Xo-°pw sN-øm≥ I-gn-bp-sa-∂pw Aß-s\ ]p-cp-j-t\m-sSm-∏w H-tc sXm-gn¬ sNøp-tºmƒ kv-{Xo-°pw Xp-ey-am-b th-X-\w e-`n°-W-sa-∂pw tem-ly \n-jv-°¿-jn-®p. {Z-cpw A-Xn-iq-{Z-cpw kv-{Xo-Ifpw H-∂n-°-W-sa-∂v ^q-se B-{K-ln-®n-cp-∂-Xp-t]m-se, ]n∂m-°-Pm-Xn-°m-cpw B-Zn-hmkn- I - f pw, \yq- \ - ] - £ - ß - f pw sXm-gn-em-fn h¿-§h - pw Z-fn-Xc - pw kv-{Xo-I-fpw H-∂n-®p tN¿-∂v hw-iw, Pm-Xn, `m-j, enw-Kw F∂o A-[n-Im-c-Ip-Ø-I-Iƒ XI¿-sØ-dn-™v ]p-Xn-b H-cp tem-Iw kr-jv-Sn-°-W-sa-∂v tem-ly hn-`m-h-\w sN-bv-Xp. Km-‘n-Pn-bp-sS kw-`m-h\ - b - m-b k-Xym-{K-l-Øn-s‚ am¿-§-Øneq-sS cm-jv-{So-b e-£y-߃ t\-Sp-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n-bp-≈ {]t£m-`-߃-°v 1950 I-fn-epw 60 I-fn-epw tem-ly t\-Xr-Xzw \¬-In. A-{I-a-c-ln-X-am-bn-cp∂p tem-ly \-bn-® {]-t£m`-߃. \n-e-]m-Sp-I-fn¬ hn-´p ho-gvN - b - n-√m-sX-bpw k-‘n sNøm-sX-bp-ap-≈ t\-Xr-Xz-am-bncp-∂p tem-ly-bp-tS-Xv. km-aq-ln-I, cm-jv-{So-b [m¿-Ωn-I-X-t]m-se X-s∂ ]c-a{- ]-[m-\a - m-bn-cp-∂p hy-‡n-]c-am-b [m¿-Ωn-I-X-bpw. A-t±-

l-Øn-s‚ cm-jv-{So-bw k-Xyk-‘-hpw kp-Xm-cy-hp-am-bn-cp∂p. A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ Hm-tcm {]hr-Øn-bn-epw {]-Xn-_-≤-X-bpsS ss[-cyw {]-I-S-am-bn-cp-∂p.

H-cp-Zm-l-c-Ww Nq-≠n-°m-Wn°mw. Xn-cp-sIm-®n-bn¬ {]-Pmtkm-jy-en-Ãv ]m¿-´n A-[n-Imc-Øn-en-cp-∂ Im-ew. sX-°≥ Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn¬ {]-t£m-`Im-cn-I-fm-b P-\-߃-°v t\sc t]m-eo-kv sh-Sn-sh-∏p-≠mbn. G-Xm-\pw t]¿-°v Po-h≥ \-jv-S-s∏-´p. \n-cm-bp-[-cm-b P\-ß-sf sh-Sn-sh-® k¿-°m¿ cm-Pn h-bv-°-W-sa-∂v tem-ly B- h - i y- s ∏- ´ p. ]n.- F - k v . ]n bn¬ A-Xv I-em-]-Øn-\v h-gnsh-®p. H-Sp-hn¬ tem-ly ]m¿´n-bn¬ \n-∂v ]p-dØ - m-°s - ∏-´p. hy-‡n-Po-hn-X-Øn-epw A-t±l-Øn-s‚ hm-°pw {]-hr-Ønbpw X-Ωn¬ ssh-cp-≤y-߃ C-√m-bn-cp-∂p. hy-‡n-I-fp-ambp-≈ A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ _-‘ß-fn¬ \n-Kq-VX - I - ƒ C-√m-bncp-∂p. F-√mw h-f-sc kp-Xmcy-hpw sX-fn-™X - p-am-bn-cp-∂p.

A¥¿[m-c

5

hn- h m- l w F- ∂ ÿm- ] - \ tØm-Sv A-t±-l-Øn-\v tbm-Pn∏n-√m-bn-cp-∂p. Po-hn-Xm-h-km\w h-sc A-hn-hm-ln-X-\m-bn Xp-S¿-∂p. kz-Øv k-ºm-Zn-°p∂-Xn-\p-≈ B-{K-l-hpw C-√mbn-cp-∂p. a-cn-°p-tºmƒ kz-¥am-bn bm-sXm-cp-kz-Øpw C-√mbn-cp-∂p. _m-¶v \n-t£-]-hpw D-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. k-aq-l-Øn¬ \n-e-\n¬°p-∂ enw-K-]-c-am-b A-k-a-XzsØ Ku-c-h-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn kao-]n-® H-cp cm-jv-{So-b Nn-¥I-\m-bn-cp-∂p tem-ly. enw-Kk-a-Xzw km-aq-ln-I k-a-XzØn-s‚ `m-K-am-bn D-≠m-tI-≠Xm-sW-∂v tem-ly hn-iz-kn®p. ssew-Kn-I-X, ]m-Xn-{h-Xyw, I-\y-Im-Xzw, Nm-cn-{Xy-ip-≤n, k-Zm-Nm-cw Xp-S-ßn-b hn-j-bß-fn¬ Xn-I® - pw bm-Ym-ÿn-XnI-a-√m-Ø \n-e-]m-Sp-I-fm-bn-cp∂p A-t±-lØ - n-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv . kv - { Xo- I ƒ- ° v k- a q- l w \¬-Ip-∂ A-¥ - n-\m-bn-cp-∂p A-t±-lw {]m-[m-\yw \¬-In-bncp-∂-Xv. kv-{Xo-Iƒ sN-øp-∂ sXm-gn¬ A-¥ - n-s‚ Nn-”a - mbn A-t±-lw I-≠p. ]p-cp-j≥ sN-øp-∂ G-Xp sXm-gn-epw kv{Xo-°pw sN-øm≥ I-gn-bp-sa∂pw A-ßs - \ ]p-cp-jt- \m-sSm∏w H- t c sXm- g n¬ sN- ø ptºmƒ kv-{Xo-°pw Xp-ey-am-b th- X - \ w e- ` n- ° - W - s a- ∂ pw tem-ly \n-jv-°¿-jn-®p. s]¨- { `q- W - l - X y- s b tem-ly A-]-e-]n-®p. k-aq-lØn¬ \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂ ]p-cpjm-[n-]-Xy-am-Wv kv-{Xo-[-\Øn-\v Im-c-W-am-Ip-∂-Xv. AXn-s\ kv-{Xo-bpw ]p-cp-j-\pw H-∂n-®p-\n-∂v F-Xn¿-°-Ww. ]p- c p- j m- [ n- ] - X y- Ø n- t ‚- b pw h¿-Æm-[n-]-Xy-Øn-t‚-bpw am\-kn-I-`m-hw th-tcm-sS ]n-gpsX-dn-b-Ww. Im-e,-ÿ-em-Xnh¿-Øn-bm-bn H-cp an-ss t]m-se Xp-f-®p I-b-dp-∂-Xmbn-cp-∂p enw-K-hn-th-N-\-Øn-

6

A¥¿[m-c

kv{- Xo ku-μc- y-sØ-°pdn-®v A-t±-lØ - n-\v hy-Xykv-X-am-b A-`n-{]m-b-ßfm-bn-cp-∂p. Ip-e-a-ln-abpw B-Vy-Øz-hpw shfp-Ø\ - n-dh - pw H-∂p-am-bncp-∂n-√ ku-μc- y-Øn-s‚ e-£-W-߃. I-dp-∏ns‚ ku-μ-cy-sØ-°p-dn®v A-t±-lw hm-Nm-e-\mbn-cp-∂p. ku-μ-cy-h-kvXp-°ƒ F-∂ \n-e-bn-e√ A-t±-lw kv-{Xo-I-sf I-≠X - ;v ho-´n-\p-≈n-epw ]Wn-im-e-I-fn-epw ]m-SØpw D¬-]m-Z\ - {- ]-{In-bbn-se ]-¶m-fn-bm-bn-´m-W.v s\-Xn-sc-bp-≈ tem-ly-bp-sS hm-°p-Iƒ. ]p-cp-jm-[n-]X - y XXz-Nn-¥-bp-sS lr-Z-b-Øn-eq-sS A-h Xp-f-®p-I-b-dn. ]p-cp-jm[n-]-Xy- X-Xz-Nn-¥-°v H-∂n-e[n-Iw X-e-ß-fp-s≠-∂pw AXp-sIm-≠v F-√m h-i-ß-fn\n-∂pw A-Xn-s\ B-{I-an-°W - sa-∂pw tem-ly B-h-iy-s∏´p. enw-Kh - n-th-N\ - Ø - n-s\-Xn-scbp-≈ tem-ly-bp-sS te-J-\߃, A-t±-l-Øn-\v kv-{Xo-Itfm-Sp-≈ B-Xv-am¿-∞-hpw kXy-k‘ - h - p-am-b \n-e] - m-Sp-If - psS _-ln¿-kv-^p-c-W-ß-fm-bncp-∂p. kv-{Xo-I-tfm-Sp-≈ a-a-Xbpw kv-t\-l-hpw A-h-bn¬ \ng-en-®p-\n-∂p. kv-{Xo ku-μ-cysØ-°p-dn-®v A-t±-lØ - n-\v hyXy-kv-X-am-b A-`n-{]m-b-ß-fmbn-cp-∂p. Ip-e-a-ln-a-bpw BVy-Øz-hpw sh-fp-Ø-\n-d-hpw H-∂p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√ ku-μc - y-Øns‚ e-£-W-߃. I-dp-∏n-s‚ ku- μ - c y- s Ø- ° p- d n- ® v A- t ±-

lw hm-Nm-e-\m-bn-cp-∂p. kuμ-cy-hk - vX - p-°ƒ F-∂ \n-eb - ne-√ A-t±-lw kv-{Xo-I-sf I≠-Xv; ho-´n-\p-≈n-epw ]-Wn-ime-I-fn-epw ]m-S-Øpw D¬-]m-Z\-{]-{In-b-bn-se ]-¶m-fn-bm-bn´m-Wv. enw-Kh - n-th-N\ - Ø - n-s\-Xnsc-bp-≈ X-s‚ hm-Z-߃ ka¿-∞n-°p-∂X - n-\v A-t±-lw ]pcm-W-ß-tf-bpw sF-Xn-ly-ßtf-bpw Iq-´p ]n-Sn-®p. ""in-h-t‚bpw ]m¿-ΔX - n-bp-tS-bpw \r-Øw {i-≤n-°q. A-h¿ c-≠p-t]-cpw a-’-cn-®v Np-h-Sp-Iƒ h-bv-°pI-bm-Wv. s]-s´-∂v in-h≥ Ac-bv° - v ap-If - n¬ Im¬ D-b¿-∂p \n¬-°p-∂ hn-[-Øn-ep-≈ H-cp Np-h-Sv h-®p. kv-{Xo-k-l-P-amb e-÷-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn ]m¿-Δ-Xn A-ß-s\-bp-≈ H-cp Np-h-Sv hbv-°p-∂-Xn¬ \n-∂v ]n-∑m-dn. in-h-s‚ B {]-hr-Øn ]p-cpj-k-l-P-am-b i-‡n {]-I-Sn∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\m-bn-cp-∂p-thm? ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-sa-∂v D-d-∏m-b H-cp a-’-cw X-\n-°v A-\p-Iq-e-am°n am-‰p-∂-Xn-\p-≈ H-cp X-{¥am-bn-cp-∂p-thm A-Xv? h-f-sc ]u-cm-Wn-I-am-b ]p-cp-jm-[n-]Xy X-Xz-Nn-¥b - p-sS B-hn-j° v- c-W-am-bn-cp-∂p in-h-s‚ {]-hrØn F-∂v tem-ly Ip-‰-s∏-SpØp-∂p. a-s‰m-c-h-k-c-Øn¬, Hcp `- ‡ ≥ in- h - t \m- s Sm- ∏ w ]m¿-Δ-Xn-sb-Iq-Sn B-cm-[n-°p∂-Xn-\v hn-k-Ω-Xn-®-t∏mƒ, inh≥ A¿- ≤ - \ m- c o- i z- c - c q- ] w ssI-s°m-≠-Xm-bn tem-ly Nq-≠n-°m-´p-∂p. F-√m ]p-cp-js‚-bpw ]-Ip-Xn kv-{Xo-Xz-amsW-∂v in-h≥ hy-‡-am-°p∂p F-∂m-Wv tem-ly hn-e-bncp-Øn-b-Xv. kv-{Xo-]p-cp-j ka-Xz-sa-∂-Xv {]-Ir-Xn \n-b-a-amsW-∂v in-h-˛-]m¿-Δ-Xn Zz-μzØn-eq-sS hy-‡-am-Ip-∂p. \o-Xn-im-k-\-߃-°v hg-ßn-s°m-Sp-°p-∂ km-hn-{Xntb-°mƒ Xm≥ Iq-Sp-X¬ CjvS- s - ∏-Sp-∂X - v Zr-VN - n-Øb - m-b

{Zu-]X - n-sb-bm-sW-∂v tem-ly tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. {Zu-]-Xn Idp-Ø-h-fm-Wv. A-hƒ lm-ky{]n-b-bp-am-Wv. F-∂m¬ D-d-® a-\- n-s‚ D-S-a-bm-Wv. ko-X k-tμ-ln-bm-Wv; e-÷m-h-X-n-bpam-Wv. C-¥y≥ ,kv-{Xo {Zu-]Xn-sb-t∏m-se-bm-bn-cn-°-Ww. ""km-hn-{Xn-bp-sS sF-Xn-lyw \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ AXn-\v k-am-\-am-b a-s‰m-∂p-IqSn ]-d-bm≥ D-≠m-I-Ww. b-a[¿-Ω-s‚ ]n-Sn-bn¬ \n-∂v, a-cW-Øn¬ \n-∂v kz-¥w `m-cysb c-£n-®p sIm-≠p-h-cp-∂, `-‡-\m-b H-cp `¿-Øm-hn-s‚ I-Y-Iq-Sn ]-d-tb-≠-Xp-≠v. temly cm-a-s\ ]-cn-an-X-am-b hy‡n-Xz-Øn-s‚ D-S-a-bm-bn-´m-Wv Im-Wp-∂-Xv. cm-P-im-k-\-߃°v h-gn-s∏-´v cm-a≥ ko-X-sb D-t]-£n-°p-∂p. cm-a-s‚ A-\pbm-bn-I-fpw X-ß-fp-sS `m-cy-amsc D- t ]- £ n- ° p- ∂ - h - c m- b nØo¿-t∂-°mw. Ir-jv-W≥ A]m-c-am-b D-’m-l-Øn-a¿-∏ns‚ Bƒ-cq-]-am-Wv. A-t±-lØn-s‚ A-\p-N-c-∑m¿ kv-{Xotem-ep-]-cpw B-tb-°mw. in-h\m-sW-¶n¬ A-Xn-cp-I-fn-√mØ, A-]-cn-ta-b-am-b £-a-bptS-bpw k-l-\-Øn-t‚-bpw {]Xo-I-am-Wv. C-¥y-°m-h-iyw cm-a-cm-Py-a-√; ko-Xm-˛-cm-a cmPy-am-Wv. Cu aq-∂v {]-Xo-I-ß-fptS- b pw k- a - \ z- b - a m- b n- c p- ∂ p tem-ly. A-t±-lw X-s‚ cmjv-{So-b {]-h¿-Ø-\-sØ, {]t£m-`-ß-sf, `-c-W-L-S-\ {]Zm-\w sN-øp-∂ P-\m-[n-]-Xy N-´-°q-Sn-\p-≈n¬ H-Xp-°n \n¿Øp-∂-Xn-\v {i-≤n-®n-cp-∂p. CXv cm-as - ‚ {]-hr-Øn-Iƒ-°v kam-\-am-bn-cp-∂p. F-∂m¬ Bi-b-ß-fp-sS Im-cy-Øn¬, inh-s\-t∏m-se, A-Xn-cp-I-fn-√mØ am- \ - h n- I - X - b m- b n- c p- ∂ p tem-ln-b≥ X-Xz-Nn-¥-bp-sS Im-X¬. G-sXm-cp a-\p-jy-\pw ]m-kv-t]m¿-´pw hn-k-bp-an-√m-

sX tem-I-sØ-hn-sS-bpw k©-cn-°m-\pw tPm-en sN-bv-Xv Po-hn-°p-∂-Xn-\pw kzm-X-{¥yap-≈ H-cp G-I-tem-I-sØ-°pdn-®m-Wv tem-ly kz-]v-\w I≠-Xv. Nn-¥-bp-tS-bpw {]-hrØn-bp-tS-bpw Im-cy-Øn¬, a‰p-≈-h-cn-te-°v X-s‚ Du¿÷w ap-gp-h≥ {]-h-ln-°p-∂ X- c - Ø n¬, Ir- j v - W - s \- t ∏mse, F-t∏m-gpw Du¿-÷-kz-e\m-bn-cp-∂p A-t±-lw. A-t±lw in-h-s\-t∏m-se A¿-≤-\mco-iz-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p. ]p-cp-j-s\t∏m-se Zr-V-Nn-Ø-\pw ss[cy-im-en-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. kv-{Xobp-sS B¿-{Z-X-bpw kv-t\-lhpw hn-Im-c-hm-bv-]pw th-≠pthm-fw D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]u-cpj-hpw kv-ss{X-W-X-bpw Xpey-am-bn k-tΩ-fn-®n-cp-∂ H-cp hy-‡n-Xz-am-bn-cp-∂p A-t±-lØn- t ‚- X v . A- X p- s Im- ≠ p- X s∂ kv-{Xo-Iƒ ssZ-\w-Zn-\w t\-cn-Sp-∂ _p-≤n-ap-´p-Iƒ ˛ A-

bp-am-bn-cp-∂p; A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ Nn-¥ B-tKm-f-hn-j-b-ß-fnhym-]-cn-°p-tºm-gpw. tem-ly C-¥y-sb B-Z¿i- h ¬- ° - c n- ® p. C- ¥ y- b p- s S ssh-hn-≤y-hpw _-lp-kz-c-Xbpw A-t±-l-sØ D-∑-Ø-\m°n. I-e-bp-tS-bpw kw-kv-Im-cØn-t‚-bpw in-ev-]-I-e-bp-tSbpw hm-kv-Xp-hn-Zy-bp-tS-bpw taJ-e-I-fn¬ C-¥y≥ ]m-c-º-cyØn¬ A-¥¿-eo-\-am-bp-≈ GI-Xm-`m-hw A-t±-lw Xn-cn-®-dn™n- c p- ∂ p. in- e - b p- s S A¿∞w F-∂ te-J-\w tem-lybn-se I-em-`n-⁄-s\ sh-fnhm- ° p- ∂ - X m- b n- c p- ∂ p. ""C¥y≥ P-\-X A-h-cp-sS a-Xm`n-ap-Jy-hpw N-cn-{X-hpw in-e-Ifn¬ X¿-∏-Ww sN-bv-Xn-cn-°p∂-Xm-bn tem-ly hn-e-bn-cpØp-∂p. C-¥y-bn¬ N-cn-{X-hpw I-e-bpw X-Ωn¬ B-g-Øn-ep≈ k-Jyw \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂p≠v. N-cn-{X-tØm-sSm-∏w I-e-

cm-Py-߃ X-Ωn-epw cm-Py-Øn-\p-≈n-epw \n-e\ - n¬°p-∂ A-ka- X - zw C-√m-Xm-IW - w. A-Xp-t]m-se PmXn-Iƒ X-Ωn-epw h¿-§-߃ X-Ωn-epw enw-K-߃ X-Ωn-epw hw-i-߃ X-Ωn-epw k-aq-l-߃ X-Ωnepw \n-e\ - n¬-°p-∂ A-ka- X - zw C-√m-Xm-IW - w, iq{Z-cpw A-Xn-iq-{Z-cpw kv-{Xo-I-fpw H-∂n-°-W-sa-∂v ^q-se B-{K-ln-®n-cp-∂X - p-t]m-se, ]n-∂m-°P - m-Xn°m-cpw B-Zn-hm-kn-I-fpw, \yq-\-]-£-ß-fpw sXmgn-em-fn h¿-§-hpw Z-fn-X-cpw kv-{Xo-I-fpw H-∂n-®p tN¿-∂v hw-iw, Pm-Xn, `m-j, enw-Kw F-∂o A-[n-Imc-Ip-ØI - I - ƒ X-I¿-sØ-dn-™v ]p-Xn-b H-cp temIw kr-jSv- n-°W - s- a-∂v tem-ly hn-`m-h\ - w sN-bX v- p.

Sp-°-f-bn¬ A-\p-`-hn-°p-∂Xpw A-Xp-t]m-ep-≈ _p-≤n-ap´p-I-fpw iu-Nm-e-b-ß-fp-sS A`m-hw, Ip-Sn-sh-≈Ø - n-\p-th-≠nbp-≈ s\-t´m-´w ˛ a-\- n-em°p-∂-Xn-\v A-t±-l-Øn-\v I-gn-

bpw k-©-cn-°p-∂p. Du¿-÷kz-e-X-tbm-Sp Iq-Sn kzm-X-{¥ytØm-sS Po-hn-°p-tºm-fm-Wv kr-jv-Sn D-≠m-Ip-∂-Xv.'' X-s‚ ]m-c-º-cy-Øn¬ A-`n-c-an-°p-Ibpw A-`n-am-\w sIm-≈p-I-bpw

A¥¿[m-c

7

bp-sS kzm-[o-\-Øn¬-s]-´m-Wv ln-μp-]p-cm-W-ß-fn-se kv-{XoI-Ym-]m-{X-ßs - f Nn-{X-cN - \ - b - neq-sS ]p-\c - m-hn-j° v- c - n-®X - v. AXp-t]m-se hn-hn-[ `m-j-I-fnse D-Ø-a-cm-b ]p-tcm-K-a-t\—p-°-fm-b H-´-\-h-[n km-lnXy-Im-c-∑m¿ A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ Nn- ¥ - I ƒ- ° pw kz- ] v - \ - ß ƒ°pw B-hn-jv-°m-cw \¬-In. adm-Ø-bn-se hn.-F-kv.-Jm-WvtU-°¿, B- m-an-se _o-tc{μ-Ip-am¿ `-´m-Nm-cy, I-∂S- Ø - nse A-\-¥-aq¿-Øn, e-t¶-jv, tX-P-kzn F-∂n-h¿ tem-ln-bbp-sS kzo-[o-\-Øn¬ s]-´v km-ln-Xy-kr-jv-Sn \-S-Øn-b-hcm-Wv. hy- ‡ n- _ - ‘ - ß - f p- s S Im-cy-Øn¬, A-hb - p-sS kw-ip≤n Im-Øp-kq-£n-°p-∂ Imcy-Øn¬, A-t±-lw A-Xo-h-{i≤m-ep-hm-bn-cp-∂p. kv-{Xo ]p-

cm-j{-v So-bh - pw km-aq-ln-Ih - p-am-b, Xn-I® - pw hntI-{μo-Ir-Xa- m-b H-cp km-ºØ - n-I L-S\ - b - m-Wv tem-ly-bp-sS tkm-jy-en-k-Øn-s‚ Im-X¬. km-aqln-I am-‰-Øn-\v km-º-Øn-I L-S-\-bp-sS am-‰-sØ am-{X-a-√ B-{i-bn-®-Xv. cm-jv-{So-b, km-º-Øn-I L-S\-bp-sS s]m-fn-s®-gp-Øn-t\m-sSm-∏w km-aq-ln-Ih - pw kmw-kI -v m-cn-Ih - p-am-b L-S\ - Iq-Sn s]m-fn-s®-gp-XW - sa-∂v tem-ly hm-Zn-®p. hw-io-b a-ln-a-bpw Cw-•o-jv `m-j-bp-sS {]m-am-Wn-I-X-bpw F-Xn¿-°-s∏-tS-≠-hbm-sW-∂v A-t±-lw I-cp-Xn. H-tc X-Xz-Nn-¥b - p-sS `mK-am-bn-´m-Wv Pm-Xn-bp-tS-bpw enw-KØ - n-t‚-bpw A-Snÿm-\Ø - n-ep-≈ h¿-§o-Ic- W - w D-≠m-bn-´p-≈s- X-∂mbn-cp-∂p tem-ly-bp-sS Im-gvN - ∏ - m-Sv. sN-øp-∂ H-cp N-cn-{X-]-Wv-UnX-\m-bn-´m-Wv tem-ly C-hn-sS A-h-X-cn-°p-∂-Xv. tem-ly km-ln-Xy-Im-c∑m-cpw Nn-{X-Im-c-∑m-cp-am-bn CS-s]-Sp-I-bpw A-h-sc A-t±-lØn-s‚ kzm-[o-\-h-e-b-ØnsIm-≠p-h-cn-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp. hn-Jym-X- Nn-{X-Im-c-\m-bn-cp-∂ Fw.-F-^v.-lp-ssk≥ tem-ly-

8

A¥¿[m-c

cp-j _-‘-Øn-s‚ ss\¿-Ωey-hpw ]-hn-{X-X-bpw ]-cn-c-£n°-s∏-S-W-sa-∂v A-t±-l-Øn-\v \n¿-_-‘-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. hy‡n- _ - ‘ - ß ƒ k- X y- k - ‘ hpw B-flm¿-∞-X D-≈-h-bpw B-bn-cn-°-Ww. hy-‡n-_-‘ß-fn-se Im-]-Syw A-t±-lw sh-dp-Øn-cp-∂p. A-h kp-Xmcyw B-bn-cn-°-Ww F-∂v B-

{K-ln-®p. ]-c-kv-]-c hn-izm-kØn-t‚-bpw k-l-I-c-W-Ønt‚-bpw A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep-≈Xm-bn-cn-°-Ww kv-{Xo-]p-cp-j _-‘-߃. A-\-¥-am-b kulr-Z-Øn-s‚ D-Zm-l-c-W-am-Wv {Zu-]-Zn-bpw Ir-jv-W-\pw X-Ωnep-≈ _-‘w. Nq-j-W-hpw ]oV-\-hpw A-h-km-\n-∏n-°p-∂Xn¬ A-hk - m-\n-°p-∂X - m-bn-cp∂n-√ A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ X-Xz-Nnv¥; Hm-tcm hy-‡n-bpw A-hfp-sS/A-hs - ‚ I-gn-hn-\\ - p-kc - n®v k-ar-≤n-bpw k-t¥m-j-hpw t\-Sp-∂, F-√m-h-cp-tS-bpw I-gnhp-Iƒ ]p-jv-]n-°p-∂, k-am[m-\w \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂ H-cp kaq-lw kr-jv-Sn-°p-I Iq-Sn thWw. km-aq-ln-I-hpw, cm-jv-{Sob- ] - c - h pw, km- º - Ø n- I - h pw, kmw-kv-Im-cn-I-hp-am-b ]p-\¿Po-h-\-Øn-\p-th-≠ t]m-cm-´ßƒ-°p-≈ B-bp-[a - m-bn-´m-Wv tkm-jy-en-Ãv ]m¿-´n-sb A-t±lw cq-]-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv. enw-K\o-Xn-bpw enw-K-Xp-ey-X-bpw t\-Sp-∂-tXm-Sp-Iq-Sn enw-K kzmX-{¥yw {]m-]n-°p-∂ H-cp temI-sØ-bm-Wv A-t±-lw hn-`mh-\w sN-bv-X-Xv. Z-fn-X¿-°pw B-Zn-hm-knIƒ-°pw H-∏w kv-{Xo-Iƒ-°pw A-[n-Im-c-Øn-epw ]m¿-´n t\Xr-Xz-Øn-epw 60 i-X-am-\w Ah-k-c-߃ kw-h-c-Ww sN-øs∏-S-W-sa-∂v tem-ly \n¿-t±in-°p-I-bpw A-Xv tkm-jy-enÃv ]m¿-´n-bn¬ \-S-∏n-em-°p-Ibpw sN-bv-Xp. kv-{Xo hn-cp-≤X hm-°n-epw {]-hr-Øn-bn-epw Nn-¥-bn-epw \m-´p-\-S-∏m-bn-´p≈ H-cp k-aq-l-Øn¬, ]q¿-Æam-b k-Xy-k-‘-X-tbm-Spw Bflm¿-∞-X-tbm-Sp-w Iq-Sn temly ap-t∂m-´p-h-® kv-{Xo-]-£ Nn-¥-I-fpw ]-cn-]m-Sn-I-fpw C∂-sØ Im-e-Øv A-Xo-h {]m[m-\yw A¿-ln-°p-∂h - b - m-Wv. (apw-ss_-bn-se tUm.-_n.-B¿. Awt_-Zv-I¿ tIm-tf-Pn-se Ãm-‰n-Ãn-Iv-kv hn-`m-Kw ta-[m-hn-bpw ssh-kv {]n≥kn-∏-ep-am-bn-cp-∂p e-fn-X-[m-c)

\o-Xn \n-tj-[Ø - n-s\-Xn-sc kv-{Xo-Iƒ D-W-cp-∂p s{]m-^. Ip-kp-aw tPm-k-^v

A-

cp-Xv F-∂p-]d - b - m≥, \n-h¿-∂p \n¬-°m≥, \n-ba - w ssIsøm-gn-bp-tºmƒ I¿-i-\-am-b C-S-s]-S¬ \-S-Øm≥ s]-Æp߃ k-÷-cm-hp-I-bm-Wv. kn-Ãw D-≠m-°n-s°m-Sp-Ø t_m[y-ß-sf a-dn I-S-°p-I-bm-W-h¿. A-]-am-\ t_m-[-ØmX-e Ip-\n-t°-≠-Xv B-{I-a-Ww t\-cn-´-h-c-√ F-∂pw A-{Ian-bm-Wv Ip-‰-s∏-Sp-Ø-en-\pw in-£-°pw hn-t[-b-s∏-tS-≠-sX∂pw s]-Æp-߃ Xo-cp-am-\n-®p I-gn-™p. B-W-[n-Im-c-t_m[-Øn¬ Ip-Sp-ßn-°n-S-°p-∂ ]p-cp-j-\pw kv-{Xo-°pw A-Xv a\- n-em-Im≥ _p-≤n-ap-´p-≠m-Ipw. am-\w t]m-Ip-∂-Xv Ip-‰hm-fn-°m-bn-cn-°-Ww F-∂v Xo¿-®-bp-≠m-Ip-tºmƒ [o-c-ambn Xp-d-∂p ]-d-bm≥, Nq-≠n-°m-Wn-°m≥, \n-h¿-∂p \n¬°m≥ F-√m-h-cpw X-øm-dm-Ipw. im-co-cn-I am-\-kn-I ]o-U-\-ß-fp-sS ]-c-º-c Im-Wptºmƒ, tIƒ-°p-tºmƒ s]-Æ-Ø-Øn¬ Ip-d-®n¬ Im-Wm-Ø s]-Æpw, B-Wpw Xncn-™p \n-∂v I-e-ln-°pw. B tcm-j-Øn-s‚-bpw A-`n-am-\- t_m-[-Øn-t‚-bpw I-hns™m-gp-°m-Wv C-hn-sS. "A-¥¿-[m-c', s]¨ {]-Xn-tj-[-ß-sf A-S-bm-f-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-Wv. Km-‘n-bpw temly-bpw \n¿-t±-in-® Xp-ey-X-bp-sS Z¿-i-\-am-Wv A-¥¿-[m-c ap-t∂m-´p sh-°p-∂-Xv. cmPy-sØ F-√m kw-hn-[m-\-ß-fn-epw kv-{Xo-°v Xp-ey-am-b {]m-Xn-\n-[yw D-≠m-h-Ww F∂v iTn-®p tem-ly. Km-‘n-bm-h-s´ \m-Sn-s‚ D-∂-a-\-Øn-\v ssk{X-W-X-bp-≈ A-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ D-≠m-h-Ww F-∂m-{K-ln-®p. kv-{Xo-Iƒ, X-߃-°p t\-sc A-Xn-{I-a-Øn-\p ap-Xn-cp-∂h-sc ]-√pw \-J-hpw D-]-tbm-Kn-®v, I-øn¬ In-´p-∂ F-¥v B-bp[-hpw D-]-tbm-Kn-®v t\-cn-S-Ww F-∂v s]-Æp-ß-sf kz-X-{¥-cm°n-b a-lm-flm-hn-s‚ h-gn-tb \-S-°m≥ a-Sn-®p \n-∂-Xm-Wv s]Æp-߃-°v ]-‰n-b sX-‰v. B sX-‰p- Xn-cp-Øn-b k-ao-]-Im-e kw-`-h-߃ kv-{Xo-]-£ t_m-[-ap-≈ k-I-e a-\p-jy-tc-bpw B\-μn-∏n-®n-cp-∂p.

H-cp {Km-a-Øn¬ t]-∏-´n-bn-d-ßn-bm¬ F-√m-h-cpw ho-Sp-Ifn¬ A-S-®n-cn-°-em-tWm A-tXm t]-∏-´n-sb ssI-Im-cyw sN-øem-tWm h-gn F-∂-Xm-Wv \-Ωp-sS ap-∂n-ep-≈ tNmZyw. C-Xv D-Ø-c-an-√m-Ø k-a-ky-b-√. s]-Æm-Wv F-∂-Xn-s‚ t]-cn¬ A-[n-t£-]-hpw B-{I-a-W-hpw A-]-am-\-hpw A-kzm-X{¥y-hpw A-\p-`-hn-® Hm-tcm s]-Æn-\pw D-Ø-c-ap-≠v. A-X-h¿ Dd-s° ]-d-bm≥ Xo-cp-am-\n-®p I-gn-™p.

F-gp-Øp-Im-cn-Iƒ, Nn-{X-Im-cn-Iƒ, B-Iv-Sn-hn-Ãp-Iƒ `-c-W-Iq-S-sØ-bpw \n-b-a hy-h-ÿ-sb-bpw km-aq-l-a-\- n-s\-bpw tNm-Zyw sN-øp-∂p. C-Xv \n-e-°m-Ø {]-hm-lam-h-s´. tI-c-fw ap-gp-h≥ H-gp-In ]-c-°-s´. cm-Pyw ap-gp-h≥, s]-Æp-≈ C-S-ß-fn-se√mw s]¨-I-cp-Øn-s‚ A-¥¿-[m-c i-‡-am-I-s´.

A¥¿[m-c

9

AcpW Bet©cn

F sI tim`\ (tImbºØq¿)

10

A¥¿[m-c

l-Yv-dm-kn¬ \n-∂v H-cp Z-fn-Xv s]¨-Ip-´n-bp-sS \n-eh - n-fn-bp-bc- p-∂p -A-cp-‘-Xn Zp-cp-

l-Yv-dm-kn-se Z-fn-Xv s]¨Ip-´n-bp-sS Nn-X -sI-´-S-ßn-bn´n-√. A-Xn¬ \n-∂p-≈ Xo-s∏mcn C-t∏m-gpw D-b¿-∂p s]m-ßp∂p. A-tXm-sSm-∏w X-s∂, kaq-lw ]p-e¿-Øp-∂ A-\p-Iºm-cm-ln-Xy-hpw D-Ø¿-{]-tZ-iv k¿-°m-cn-s‚ D-Ø-c-hm-Zn-Xzcm-ln-Xy-hpw tNm-Zyw sN-øs - ∏Sp-∂X - v Xp-Sc - p-Ib - pw sN-øp-∂p.

Z-fn-X¿-s°-Xn-sc s]m-Xpth-bpw Z-fn-Xv s]¨-Ip-´n-Iƒs°-Xn-sc {]-tXy-In-®pw Xp-S¿∂p h-cp-∂ A-Xn-{I-aß - s - f Ipdn-®p-≈ N¿-®-Iƒ B-[p-\n-I C-¥y-bp-sS am-[y-a-cw-K-sØ Nq-Sp ]n-Sn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. D-

-A-cp-‘-Xn Zp-cp-

Ø¿-{]-tZ-in-se l-Yv-dm-kv F∂ {Km-a-Øn¬, 19 h-b- p-≈ H-cp Z-fn-Xv s]¨-Ip-´n, k-h¿Æ Pm-Xn-bn¬-s∏-´ {In-an-\kw-L-Øn-s‚ ]n-Sn-bn-e-I-s∏´v, {Iq-c-am-bn _-em¬-’w-Kw sN-ø-s∏-´v h-[n-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p. B-Zy-L-´-Øn¬, {]m-tZin-I `-c-W-Iq-S-hpw t]m-eokpw, B-ip-]-{Xn A-[n-Ir-Xcpw, Cu kw-`-hw ]p-dw temIw A-dn-bm-Xn-cn-°p-∂X - n-\v, aqSn h-bv-°p-∂-Xn-\v, {i-an-°p-Ibm-bn-cp-∂p. B s]¨-Ip-´n-bpsS ar-X-tZ-lw, am-Xm-]n-Xm-°sf t]m-epw A-dn-bn-°m-sX _e-am-bn I-h¿-s∂-Sp-Øp-sIm≠p-t]m-bn hn-P-\-am-b ÿ-eØv kw- k v - I - c n- ° p- I - b m- W v t]m-eo-kv sN-bv-X-Xv. Tm-°q¿ Pm-Xn-bn¬-s∏-´ Ip-‰-hm-fn-I-sf kw-c-£n-°p-∂-Xn-\pw A-h¿s°-Xn-cm-bn `-c-W-Iq-S-Øn-s‚ `m-K-Øp-\n-∂p-≠m-Im≥ km≤y-X-bp-≈ \-S-]-Sn-I-sf sNdp-°p-∂-Xn-\pw {]m-tZ-in-I-ambn {]-Xn-tcm-[w Xo¿-°p-∂ \S-]-Sn-bm-Wv D-≠m-b-Xv. P-\-Io-b, P-\m-[n-]-Xy {]-ÿm-\-ß-fpw {]-Xn-]-£-I£n-I-fpw Cu kw-`-h-Ønkzo-I-cn-® I¿-i-\ \n-e-]m-SpI-sf sN-dp-°p-∂-Xn-\v, cm-Pyhpw kw-ÿm-\-hpw `-cn-°p-∂

cm-jv-{So-b- ]m¿-´n, h-f-sc ˛-\nμy-am-b \n-e-]m-Sm-Wv kzo-I-cn®n-´p-≈-Xv. A-¥m-cm-jv-{S X-eØn¬ D-≠m-bn-´p-≈ cm-jv-{Sob Kq-Vm-tem-N\ - b - p-sS ^-ea - mbn-´m-Wv Cu kw-`-hw D-≠mbn-´p-≈-Xv F-∂m-Wv A-h-cp-sS hm-Zw. h-cpw \m-fp-I-fn¬ Cu kw-`-h-Øn-\v hy-Xy-kv-X-ß-fmb cq-]-]-cn-Wm-a-߃ D-≠mtb-°mw. F-∂m¬ H-cp Im-cyw hy-‡-am-Wv. C-Ø-cw kw-`-h߃ cm-Py-Øv \n-e-\n¬-°p∂ Pm-Xn A-k-a-Xz-Øn-s‚ ^e-am-bn-´m-Wv D-≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. lYvd - m-kn-se kw-`h - w B-Zy-tØX-√. G-‰-hpw k-¶-S-I-c-am-b Im-cyw A-Xv A-h-km-\-tØXp-a-√ F-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. Pm-Xn-bp-sS t]-cn-ep-≈ ssew-Kn-I A-Xn-{I-a-ß-sf IqSp-X¬ B-g-Øn¬ ]Tn-t°-≠Xp-≠v. Im-c-Ww C-Xp-am-bn _‘-s∏-´v e-`n-°p-∂ ÿn-Xn hnh-c-°-W-°p-Iƒ `o-Xn P-\n-∏n°p-∂-Xm-Wv. C-¥y-bn-se kv{Xo P-\-kw-Jy-bn¬ G-I-tZiw 16% (80 Z-i-e-£w) Z-fn-Xv kv-{Xo-I-fm-Wv. I-gn-™ h¿jw {]-Xn-Zn-\w 10 Z-fn-Xv kv-{XoI-sf-¶n-epw _-em-’w-Kw sNø-s∏-´n-´p-≠v. C-Xn¬ Iq-Sp-Xepw kw-`-hn-°p-∂-Xv, D-Ø¿-{]tZ-iv, _o-lm¿, cm-Pÿ m≥ F-

A¥¿[m-c

11

∂n-hn-S-ß-fn-em-Wv. Pm-Xn, h¿-§w, enw-Kw F∂n-h-bp-sS ]-c-kv-]-c-_-‘n-X kz-`m-hw, Z-fn-Xv kv-{Xo-s°-Xnsc-bp-≈ ssew-Kn-I ]o-U-\Øn-se A-[n-Im-c-L-S-\-sb DtØ-Pn-∏n-°pw F-∂p-≈-Xv X≈n-°-f-bm≥ I-gn-bp-∂-X-√. t]-cv sh-fn-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ B-{Kln-°m-Ø H-cp Z-fn-Xv kv-{Xo, _n.-_n.-kn-°v \¬-In-b A-`nap-J-Øn¬ ]-d-™-Xv C-XmWv, ""R-߃ ]o-Un-∏n-°-s∏Sp-∂-Xn-\v Im-c-Ww, R-߃ Io-gm-f-Pm-Xn-bn¬ s]-´-h-cmWv, R-߃ Z-cn-{Z-cm-Wv, R߃ kv-{Xo-I-fm-Wv F-∂-XmWv. F-√m-h-cpw R-ß-sf Nhn-´n-Øm-gv-Øm≥ {i-an-°p-∂p.

R-ß-sf k-lm-bn-°p-∂-Xnt\m, R-߃-°v th-≠n kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xn-t\m B-cp-an-√.

R-߃ ssew-Kn-I A-Xn-{Ia-Øn-\v C-c-bm-Ip-∂-Xv, R߃-°v A-[n-Im-c-an-√ F-∂Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv. Z-fn-Xv kv-{XoIƒ-s°-Xn-sc-bp-≈ B-{I-aW-km-≤y-X h¿-≤n-°p-∂-Xns‚ {]-[m-\ Im-c-Ww, Pm-Xn, h¿-§w, enw-Kw F-∂n-hb - p-sS ]c-kv-]-c-_-‘w kr-jv-Sn-°p-∂ i-‡n-£-b-am-Wv. C-Xn-s\ adn-I-S-°p-∂-Xn-\v k-aq-l-Øns‚-tbm k¿-°m-cn-s‚-tbm `mK-Øp-\n-∂v \-S-]-Sn-Iƒ H-∂pw D-≠m-Ip-∂n-√. l-Yv-dm-knkw-`-hn-®-Xpw A-Xm-Wv. Pm-Xn, h¿-§w, enw-Kw F∂n-h-bp-sS ]-c-kv-]-c _-‘nX-am-b ÿn-Xn, k-aq-lw Z-fnXv kv-{Xo-Iƒ-s°-Xn-sc F-ßs\ s]-cp-am-dp-∂p F-∂-Xn-\p≈ Nq-≠p-]-e-I-bm-Wv. c-P-]pØp-I-fm¬ _-em-’w-Kw sNø-s∏-´ `m-hm-cn-tZ-hn ap-X¬, Ir- X yw ]- X n- ∂ m- e p h¿- j w ap≥-]v ssJ-c-em-©n-bn¬ _em-’w-Kw sN-ø-s∏-´v h-[n-°s∏-´ kp-tc-J `q-Xv-amw-sK-bpw Ip-Spw-_mw-K-ß-fpw Dƒ-s∏-sS l-Yv-dm-kn-se s]¨-Ip-´n h-

12

A¥¿[m-c

sc ]o-Un-∏n-°-s∏-´-Xv, k-h¿Æ ]p-cp-j-∑m-cp-sS Cw-Kn-XØn-\v h-g-ßn-s°m-Sp-°m-sX sN-dp-Øp \n-∂X - p-sIm-≠m-Wv. k-h¿-Æ ]p-cp-j-∑m-cp-sS t`mK-h-kv-Xp-am-{X-am-Wv Z-fn-Xv kv{Xo-Iƒ F-∂ s]m-Xp-t_m-[am-Wv C-Ø-cw kw-`-h-߃-°v Im-c-W-am-Ip-∂-Xv. F-∂m¬, l-Yv-dm-kn-se sN-dp-{Km-aa - m-b _p¬-Km¿-KnZ-fn-Xv s]¨-Ip-´n {Iq-c-am-b _-em-’w-K-Øn-\n-c-bm-bn h[n-°-s∏-´-Xv, C-Ø-cw kw-`-hß-fn¬ `-c-W-Iq-Sw F-ß-s\bm-Wv C-S-s]-Sp-∂-Xv F-∂-Xn\p- ≈ D- Z m- l - c - W - h p- a m- W v . s]m-Xp-k-aq-l-Øn-s‚ kq-£va-t_m-[-sØ F-{X-am-{Xw `oI-c-am-bn sh-√p-hn-fn-°p-∂ hn[-Øn-em-Wv D-Ø¿-{]-tZ-iv apJy-a-{¥n-bpw a-{¥n-am-cpw `-cW-I£ - n-bpw s]-cp-am-dn-bX - v? Zfn-Xv s]¨-Ip-´n-Iƒ ]o-Un-∏n°-s∏-Sp-∂ kw-`-h-ß-fn¬, Cc-I-fp-sS kz-`m-h-Zq-jy-hpw Ah-cp-sS k-Ω-X-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv kw-`-hw D-≠m-b-sX-∂p-≈ hm-Z-hpw D-b¿-Øp-∂-Xv ]-Xn-hv co-Xn-bm-Wv. F-∂m¬ l-Yv-dmkv kw-`-h-Øn¬, ap-Jy-a-{¥n Dƒ-s∏-sS-bp-≈ ap-gp-h≥ `-cW-kw-hn-[m-\-hpw Ip-‰-hm-fnIƒ-°-\p-Iq-e-am-b \n-e-]m-SmWv kzo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv. A-Xn-s‚ A-¥n-a ]-cn-W-Xn F-∂ \n-ebn¬, am-Xm-]n-Xm-°ƒ-°v, A¥y-I¿-Ω-߃ \-S-Øp-∂-Xn\p-≈ A-h-k-cw t]m-epw \ntj-[n-®p-sIm-≠v, _-e-{]-tbmK-Øn-eq-sS C-cp-´n-s‚ a-d-hn¬, B s]¨-Ip-´n-bp-sS ar-X-tZlw I-Øn-®p I-f-bp-I-bm-Wv {]m-tZ-in-I `-c-W-Iq-Sw sN-bvX-Xv. C-Xn-s\-Xn-sc i-‡-am-b {]-Xn-tj-[w D-b¿-∂-t∏mƒ AXn-s\ t\-cn-Sp-∂X - n-\v kw-ÿm\-ap-Jy-a{- ¥n, A-¥m-cm-jv{- S KqVm-tem-N-\-bp-sS kn-≤m-¥-hpam-bn h-∂n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. F√m-hn-[ F-Xn¿ i-_v-Z-ß-tf-

R-߃ ssew-Kn-I A-Xn{I-aØ - n-\v C-cb - m-Ip-∂X - v, R-߃-°v A-[n-Im-ca- n-√ F-∂-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv. Z-fnXv kv-{Xo-Iƒ-s°-Xn-scbp-≈ B-{I-aW - k - m-≤y-X h¿-≤n-°p-∂X - n-s‚ {]-[m\ Im-c-Ww, Pm-Xn, h¿-§w, enw-Kw F-∂n-h-bp-sS ]-ckv-]-c-_-‘w kr-jv-Sn-°p∂ i-‡n-£b - a- m-W.v C-Xns\ a-dn-I-S-°p-∂-Xn-\v kaq- l - Ø n- s ‚- t bm k¿°m-cn-s‚-tbm `m-KØ - p-\n∂v \-S-]-Sn-Iƒ H-∂pw D≠m-Ip-∂n-√. l-Yv-dm-knkw-`h - n-®X - pw A-Xm-Wv.

bpw {]-Xn-tcm-[n-°p-∂-Xn-\v GXv I-cn-\n-b-a-hpw {]-tbm-Kn-°psa-∂ \n-e-bm-Wv C-t∏mƒ D≈-Xv. F-Xn¿-°p-∂-h-sc-√mw B-Zn-Xy-\m-Yv k¿-°m-cn-s\-Xnsc A-¥m-cm-jv-{S hn-[zw-k-I i-‡n-If - p-am-bn tN¿-∂p \n-∂psIm-≠v, hn-tZ-i-[-\w kzo-I-cn®p-sIm-≠v {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂ cm-

Py-t{Zm-ln-I-fm-sW-∂ hm-Zam-Wv D-b¿-Øs - ∏-Sp-∂X - v. Ah¿ Pm-Xn-bp-sS t]-cn¬ kwÿm-\-Øv I-em-]w kr-jv-Sn°p-∂-Xn-\v {i-an-°p-I-bm-Wt{X! {]-Xn-tj-[n-°p-∂-h¿s°-Xn-sc cm-Py-t{Zm-l-Ip-‰am-Wv Np-a-Øn-bn-´p-≈-Xv. {]Xn-tj-[-°m-sc B {]-tZ-itØ-°v A-Sp-∏n-°m-sX, Ahn-sS-bm-sI \n-tcm-[\ - m-⁄ {]-Jym-]n-°p-Ib - pw s]¨-Ip´n-bp-sS ho-´p-Im-sc _-‘n-Ifm-°p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xn-cn-°p∂p. F-∂m¬ Ip-‰-hm-fn-Iƒ°-\p-Iq-e-am-bn h-en-b tXmXn¬ B-fp-I-sf ]-s¶-Sp-∏n®p- s Im- ≠ p- ≈ dm- e n- I - f pw tbm-K-ß-fpw kw-L-Sn-∏n-°pI-bpw sN-øp-∂p. ln-μp-Xz hm-Zn-Iƒ F{X-am-{Xw i-‡n-bm-bn cm-PysØ P-\m-[n-]-Xy, a-tX-X-c L-S-\-bv-°p-ta¬ {]-l-cw Gev-]n-®m-epw, A-Xv X-I¿-∂p t]m-Im-sX Im-Øp-kq-£n°p-∂-Xn-\v D¬-]-Xn-jv-Wp ]p-tcm-K-a-\-i-‡n-Iƒ X-ømdm-Ipw F-∂X - n-\p Iq-Sn-bp-≈ sX-fn-hm-bn l-Yv-dm-kv kw-`hw am-dp-∂p-≠v. kv-{Xo-I-fptS- b pw Z- f n- X - c p- t S- b pw {]ÿm-\-߃ Dƒ-s∏-sS, F√m ]p-tcm-K-a-\ i-‡n-I-fpw H-∂n-®p tN¿-∂p-sIm-≠v CØ-cw kw-`-h-߃ B-h¿Øn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-≈ sN-dp-Øp-\n¬-∏pw Pm-{K-Xbpw i- ‡ n- s ∏- S p- Ø n- s °m≠p am-{X-ta ln-μp-Xz i-‡nI-fp-sS I-S-∂p-I-b-‰-sØ {]Xn-tcm-[n-°p-∂-Xn-\v I-gn-bpI-bp-≈q F-∂v l-Yv-dm-kv kw-`-hw \-sΩ Hm¿-Ω-s∏-SpØp-∂p. B ap-t∂-‰-ØnF-√m hn-`m-Ko-b-X-bpw a-d-∂v kv-{Xo k-aq-l-߃ ap-∂n-´nd-tß-≠-Xp-≠v.

A-cp-‘-Xn Zp-cp-: tkm-jy-en-Ãv B-Iv-Sn-hn-Ãv, NAPM I¨-ho-\¿, e-Iv-\u

kv-{Xo-I-ƒ C-t∏mƒ D-W¿-∂n-s√-¶n]n-s∂ B-cpw _m-°n-bm-hn-√ sI.-A-Pn-X-

C

-¥y-bn-en-t∏mƒ \-S-∂p-sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv l-{Xm-kv ap-Xhm-f-bm¿ ]m-e-Øm-bn h-sc A√. C-sXm-cp Xp-S¿-°-Y-bm-Wv. Pm-Xn-hy-h-ÿ B-cw-`n-®-Xp apX¬ B¨-tIm-bv-a-bp-am-bn HØp-tN¿-∂v kv-{Xo ssew-Kn-I h-kv-Xp F-∂v am-{Xw ]-cn-K-Wn°- s ∏- ´ p. _- e m¬- k w- K - ß ƒ ssew-Kn-I ]o-U-\-sa-∂-Xn-t\°m-fp-]-cn kv-{Xo Dƒ-s∏-´ IpSpw-_-tØ-bpw k-ap-Zm-b-tØbpw A-Sn-®-a¿-Øm-\p-≈ B-bp[-am-bm-Wv D-]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-´-Xp-w D-]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xpw. Ime-hpw `-c-W-hpw am-dp-∂-X-\p-k-cn-®v A-{I-a-Øn-s‚ Xo-{h-X IqSp-I-tbm Ip-d-bp-I-tbm sN-øp-∂p. k-h¿-Æ ln-μp-Xz ^m-kn-Ãv `-c-W-Øn≥ Io-gn¬ a-\ojm hm¬-ao-In F-∂ sIm-®p-s]¨-Ip-´n-°p t\-sc ss]-im-NnI-am-b B-{I-a-Ww D-≠m-bn F-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ tbm-Kn B-Zn-Xy\m-Yv F-∂ kw-L-]-cn-hm¿ ap-Jy-a-{¥n-bp-sS Io-gn-ep-≈ bp.-]nbn-se `-c-W-Iq-Sw sam-Ø-Øn¬ {]-Xn-I-fm-b Tm-°q¿-am¿-°p th-≠n ]-c-ky-am-bn-Ø-s∂ {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂ A-]-am-\-I-c-am-b Im-gv-N-bm-Wv Im-Wp-∂-Xv. tI-c-f-Øn¬ Z-en-Xv ]o-U-\-hpw `-c-W-Iq-S H-Øm-i-bpw H∂n-®p tN¿-∂ kw-`-h-ß-fm-Wv c-≠p ]n-©p Ip-™p-߃ {Iqc-am-bn sIm-e-sN-ø-s∏-´ hm-f-bm-dpw B¿.-F-kv.-F-kp-Im-c-\mb A-≤ym-]-I-\m¬ ]o-Un-∏n-°-s∏-´ ]m-e-Øm-bn tI-kpw. ]uc-\pw ]u-c-bv-°pw Xp-eym-h-Im-iw \¬-Ip-∂ \-Ωp-sS `-c-W-LS-\-bpw C-¥y≥ k-aq-l-Øn-s‚ A-Sn-ÿm-\ in-e-I-fm-b P-\m[n-]-Xy-hpw a-tX-X-c-Xz-hpw _-lp-kz-c-X-bpw I-gp-Øp sR-cn®p sIm-√-s∏-´p sIm-≠n-cn-°-bm-Wv. \m-ap-W¿-∂p {]-h¿-Øn°m≥ k-a-b-am-bn. H-cp \n-an-jw I-f-bm-\n-√. H-cp c-≠mw kzmX-{¥y-k-a-c-Øn-\v \-ap-°n-\n-bpw B-tc-bpw Im-Øn-cn-t°-≠-Xn√. C-t∏mƒ D-W¿-∂n-s√-¶n¬ ]n-s∂ D-W-cm≥ B-cpw _m-°nbp-≠m-hn-√.

A¥¿[m-c

13

`mcXn sk¥n¬h≥ (_wKvfqcp)

\ue sP_n≥

14

A¥¿[m-c

A-[n-Im-c-hy-h-ÿ am-dm-sX kv-{Xo-Iƒ kz-X-{¥-cm-hn-√ tUm.- J-Zo-Pm- apw-Xm-kv-

A

[ - n-Im-c hy-hÿ b - p-am-bn I-Æn tN¿-Ø-√m-sX kv-{Xobp-sS ]o-Un-Xm-h-ÿ-sb hni-I-e-\w sN-øm-t\m ]-cn-lmc-ßs - f-∏‰ - n B-tem-Nn-°m-t\m Xp-S-ßp-∂-Xv au-Vy-am-Wv. a\p-jy-a-\- n-se A-¥-an-√mØ A-[n-Im-c -hm-Rv-O-bn-e[n-jvTn-X-am-b Cu km-aq-ly hy-h-ÿn-Xn-bn¬ F-fp-∏w Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°m-hp-∂ ]o-Un-X G-II - w am-{X-am-Wv kv{- Xo. thW-sa-¶n¬ am-dn-ad - n-bm-hp-∂X - pam-W-Xv. ]o-Un-X¿ am-dn-bm-epw ]o-U\ - hy-hÿ \n-e\ - n¬-°p∂p. F-Æ-Øn¬ Ip-d-sh-¶nepw ]o-U-\-]-£-Øpw kv-{Xo km- ∂ n- [ y- a p- ≠ m- I p- ∂ - X n- \ p Im-c-W-hpw A-Xp-X-s∂. t{i-Wo-_-≤ A-[n-Im-c hy- h - ÿ - b m- b Pm- X n \n- e \n¬-°p-∂ C-¥y-tbm-fw kv{Xo-]o-U-\w \-S-°p-∂ cm-Pyw

th-sd-bn-√. (tXmw-]v-k¨ tdmbv-t´-gv-kv ^u-t≠-j≥ k¿sh 2018). sXm-´p Xm-sg-bp-≈h-s\ ]o-Un-∏n-°m-\p-≈ A-hIm-iw X-\n-°p-s≠-∂ A-[nIm-c hy-h-ÿ-bp-sS A-t_m[ -a-{¥-W-sØ Pm-Xo-b-X-bpsS kw-kv-Im-cw A-c-°n-´p-d-∏n°p-Ib - m-Wv. cm-Py-sØ-ºm-Spw, {]-_p-≤-sa-∂p I-cp-X-s∏-Sp-∂ tI-c-f-Øn-epw, ssew-Kn-I ]oU- \ - Ø n- \ n- c - b m- I p- ∂ - h - c n_-lp-`q-cn-]£ - h - pw Z-fn-Xc - m-bncn-°p-∂-Xpw A-Xp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂. ssew-Kn-Im-k-‡n-°-∏p-dap-≈ am-\-߃ H-cp _-em¬kw-K-Øn-ep-≠v F-∂-Xm-Wv k-Xyw. A-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂ kv{- Xo-˛] - p-cp-j Zz-μz-Øn-sem-Xp°m-hp-∂-Xp-a-√ A-Xv. Pm-Xnbn¬ Xm-W \o F-\n-°p h-gtß-≠-h-fm-Wv F-∂ B-W-l¶m-c-sØ t]m-epw A-{]-k-‡am-°pw hn-[w cm-jv-{So-b-am-\߃ ssI-h-∂n-cn-°p-∂p kv{Xo ]o-U-\-߃-°n-∂v. A-b™p-t]m-b Pm-Xn hy-h-ÿsb A-c-°n-´p-d-∏n-°¬, `-bs∏-Sp-Øn Io-gv-s∏-Sp-Øn \n¿Ø¬ C-h-sbm-s° {]-Xy-bim-kv-{X \-S-Øn-∏n-s‚ `m-K-ambn `-cn-°p-∂ cm-jv-{So-b I-£nX-s∂ \-S-∏n-em-°m≥ Xp-S-ßnb-Xn-s‚ A-S-bm-f-ß-fm-hp-∂p l-{Xm-kv Dƒ-s∏-sS-bp-≈ kv{Xo ]o-U-\ kw-`-h-߃. Ct∏mƒ Z-fn-X-sc-¶n¬ A-Sp-Ø]-Sn-bm-bn A-\p-k-c-W-t°-Sp Im-Wn-°p-∂ \yq-\-]-£-ß-fn-

tZ-io-b kzm-X-{¥y k-a-c-cw-KØv kv-{Xo ]-¶m-fn-Øw \n-jvI¿-jn-® Km-‘n-Pn Cu k-Xyw a-\ - n-em-°n-b t\-Xm-hm-bn-cp∂p. km-aq-ly-\o-Xn F-∂X - n-\∏p-dw kv-{Xo-bp-sS km-[y-X-If-dn-™ t\-Xm-hm-bn-cp-∂p At±-lw. h-cm≥ t]m-Ip-∂ C¥y-bn-se {]-Xn-k‘ - n L-´ß - fn¬ kv-{Xo-I-fp-sS B-fl-i‡n-bn-em-Wv F-s‚ {]-Xo-£ F-∂pw ]-d™ - p sh-®n-cp-∂p A-t±-lw.

te-bv-°v \o-fp-sa-∂ Xm-°oXpw A-Xn-ep-≠v. cm-jv-{So-b kw-L-S-\-I-fnepw \n-b-a-\n¿-Ωm-W k-`-I-fn-

A¥¿[m-c

15

epw D-≈ kv-{Xo {]m-Xn-\n-[y°p-d-hv kv-{Xo ku-lr-Z-]-ca-√m-Ø km-aq-lym-h-ÿ-°v Im-c-W-am-hp-∂n-t√? tZ-io-b kzm-X-{¥y k-a-c-cw-K-Øv kv{Xo ]-¶m-fn-Øw \n-jv-I¿-jn® Km-‘n-Pn Cu k-Xyw a\- n-em-°n-b t\-Xm-hm-bn-cp∂p. km-aq-ly-\o-Xn F-∂-Xn\-∏p-dw kv-{Xo-bp-sS km-[yX-I-f-dn-™ t\-Xm-hm-bn-cp∂p A-t±-lw. h-cm≥ t]mIp-∂ C-¥y-bn-se {]-Xn-k‘n L-´-ß-fn¬ kv-{Xo-I-fpsS B-fl-i-‡n-bn-em-Wv Fs‚ {]-Xo-£ F-∂pw ]-d™p sh-®n-cp-∂p A-t±-lw.

Z-fn-X\ - v cm-jv{- So-bm-[n-Im-c ]¶m-fn-Øw \¬-Im-\p-X-Ip-ambn-cp-∂ I-ayq-W¬ A-hm¿Un-s\-Xn-sc D-]-hm-kw In-S∂p d-±m-°n-® Km-‘n-Pn-°p t\-sc-bp-b-cp-∂ Z-fn-X-cp-sS {]-Xn-tj-[-sØ-bpw h¿-Øam-\ (kv-{Xo) A-h-ÿ-bp-sS ]-›m-Øe - Ø - n¬ A-hK - W - n°-h-ø. \n-b-a \n¿-Ωm-W k-`I-fn¬ kv-{Xo {]m-Xn-\n-[yw K-Wy-am-bn h¿-≤n-°p-∂-Xv A-h-cn-se B-fl-hn-izm-kw h-f¿-Øp-∂-Xn-\pw kv-{Xo {]iv-\-߃ i-‡-am-bn D-b¿Øn-s°m-≠p h-cp-∂-Xn-\pw k-lm-bn-°p-sa-∂p s]m-Xpsh ]-d-bmw. ]-t£, kv-{Xo {]m-Xn-\n-[yw k-h¿-W kv{Xo {]m-Xn-\n-[yw am-{X-am-bn am-dm-\p-≈ km-[y-X-bpw Ahn-sS-bp-≠v. s]m-Xp Z-fn-Xv {]m-Xn-\n-[yw Ip-d-bm-\n-S-bm°p-I-bp-am-Imw Cu kv-{Xo kw- h - c - W i- X - a m- \ - a p- d - ∏ n°¬. C-Xp Iq-Sn a-\- nsh-t°-≠-Xp-ap-≠v. \n-b-a\n¿-Ωm-W-Øn-\m-bn B-hiy-ap-b¿-Øp-tºmƒ F-¥n\pw P-\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn-s‚ bYm¿-∞ k-Ø Dƒ-s°m-≈p∂ cq- ] - L - S - \ - b p- s S \n- e \n¬-∏pw A-\n-hm-cyw.

16

A¥¿[m-c

B-W-[n-Im-cw s]m-Xp-t_m-[-hpw `-c-W-Iq-S cm-jv-{Sob-hp-am-hp-tºmƒ kw-`-hn-°p-∂-Xv sI.-sI.-c-a-

kv{- Xo-Iƒ-°pw ssew-KnI \yq-\-]-£-߃-°pw Ip-´nIƒ-°p-sa-Xn-cm-b A-Xn-{I-aß- f p- s S F- Æ - a - ‰ hm¿- Ø Iƒ \mw Zn-\w-{]-Xn hm-bn-°p∂p. ap≥-]p-≈-Xn¬ \n-∂v hyXy-kv-X-am-bn X-߃-°v t\sc-bp-≈ A-Xn-{I-a-߃ dnt∏m¿-´v sN-øm-\pw ]-cm-Xn \¬-In \n-b-a t]m-cm-´-Øn-\v k-∂≤ - c - m-hm-\p-ap-≈ k-∂≤ - X B-fp-I-fn¬ h¿-≤n-°p-∂p F-∂-Xm-Wv C-Xn¬ t]m-kn‰o-hm-b Im-cyw. \n-c-¥-c-am-b B-i-b {]-N-c-W-ß-fpw \n-ba-˛-cm-jv-{So-b t]m-cm-´-ß-fpw sIm-≠v h-f¿-∂ B-fl-hn-izmk-am-W-Xv. A-Ø-cw t]m-cm´-߃ sIm-≠m-Wv _-em¬°m-c-hpw kv-{Xo-]o-U-\-hp-a-S°-ap-≈ Im-cy-ß-fn-se \n-ba-߃ C-{X-sb-¶n-epw hn-Ikn-®-Xv. ]-e X-c-Øn¬ kzm[o-\ -ti-jn-bp-≈-h-cpw {]-_e-cp-am-Wv an-° tI-kp-I-fnepw {]-Xn-I-fm-°-s∏-Sp-∂ {Inan-\-ep-Iƒ. kn-ÿ A-`-b sIm-e-t°-kv, P-e-‘-dn¬ \S-∂ I-\ym-kv-{Xo-Iƒ-s°-Xncm-b B-{I-a-Ww, \-Sn B-{Ian-°-s∏-´ kw-`-hw, hm-f-bm¿ kw-`h - w, ]m-eØ - m-bn-bn¬ hnZym¿-∞n-\n ]o-Un-∏n-°-s∏-´ kw-`-hw Xp-S-ßn {]-Xn-I-fp-sS D-∂-X kzm-[o-\w sIm-≠v tI-

k-t\z-j-W-hpw hn-Nm-c-W-bpw Zp¿-_-e-am-hp-I-tbm ]-e-hn-[ sh-√p-hn-fn-Iƒ t\-cn-Sp-I-tbm sN- b v - X F- { X- t bm kw- ` - h ߃ tI-c-f-Øn¬ X-s∂-bp≠v. C-S-Xp-]-£-sa-∂-h-Im-is∏-Sp-∂ H-cp `-c-W-Iq-S-Øn≥ Io-gn¬ hm-f-bm¿ tI-kn-epw C-t∏mƒ ]m-e-Øm-bn-epw \-S°p-∂ A-´n-a-dn-{i-a-߃ \mw I-≠-Xm-Wv. kv-{Xo-Iƒ-s°-Xncm-b B-{I-a-W-߃ ]m¿-´n°p-≈n¬ \-S-∂m¬ A-X-t\zjn-°m≥ ]m¿-´n-°v th-sd kwhn-[m-\-ap-s≠-∂v ]-d-™ t\Xm-hm-Wv h-\n-Xm I-Ωo-j≥ A-≤y-£ F-∂ `-c-W-L-S-\m ]-Z-hn-bn-en-cn-°p-∂-Xv. X-ß-fp-sS A-[n-Im-c {]tbm-KØ - n-\pw Im-ak - w-Xr-]vX - n°pw th-≠n Io-gm-f-kv-{Xo-Isf D-]t- bm-Kn-® ]-gb - P-∑n-Ø Im-e-L-´-Øn-s‚ Xp-S¿-®-bmWv D-Ø-tc-¥y-bn¬ \n-∂v dnt∏m¿-´v sN-øs - ∏-Sp-∂ Z-en-Xv kv{Xo-]o-U-\-߃. hn-Zym-`ym-kw

t\-Sm-\pw Ip-e-sØm-gn-ep-I-fn\n-∂v tam-N-\w t\-Sm-\pw Iq-SpX¬ A-¥-t m-sS Po-hn-°m-\pap-≈ Z-en-Xc - p-sS {i-aß - t- fm-Sv, kh¿-Æ k-aq-l-Øn-s‚ A-k-lnjv-Wp-X-bm-W-Xn¬ {]-Xn-^-en°p-∂X - v. _-em¬-°m-cß - f - n-eq-sSbpw ]o-U-\-ß-fn-eq-sS-bpw Z-enX-cp-sS B-fl-hn-izm-kw X-I¿°m-sa-∂v A-h¿ I-W-°p-Iq-´p∂p. k-h¿-Æ `-c-W-Iq-S-Øn-s‚ \n¿-tem-`-am-b ]n-¥p-W-bpw A{I-an-Iƒ-°v e-`n-°p-∂p. l-Yv-dmkn-em-bm-epw D-∂m-hb - n-em-bm-epw Kp-P-dm-Øn-se tKm-{[-I-em-]-Øns‚ `m-K-am-b _-em¬-°m-c-ß-fnem-bm-epw Cu `-c-W-Iq-S ]n-¥pW hy-‡-am-°-s∏-´-Xm-Wv. C-tXm-sSm-∏w ]-d-tb-≠-XmWv s]m-Xp-cw-K-Øpw kn-\n-am-taJ-e-bn-ep-sam-s°-bp-≈ kv-{XoIƒ t\-cn-tS-≠n h-cp-∂ ssk_¿ ssew-Kn-Im-{I-a-W-߃. X߃-°v ln-X-I-c-a-√m-Ø A-`n{]m-bw ]-d-™, th-jw [-cn-°p∂, kv-{Xo-Iƒ-°v t\-sc ssewKn-Im-{I-a-W `o-j-Wn-bpw A-[nt£-]-hp-am-bn h-cp-∂ Bƒ-°q´-߃. C-t∏m-gpw \-Ωp-sS ssk_¿ \n-b-a-߃ C-Ø-cw Bƒ°q-´ B-{I-a-߃ {]-Xn-tcm-[n°m≥ ]-cym-]v-X-a-√ F-∂v \n-ba-hn-Z-Kv-[¿ Nq-≠n-°m-´p-∂p. ]-cmXn-s∏-´ tI-kp-If - n¬ t]m-epw ^e-{]-Z-am-b \-S-]-Sn-I-fp-≠m-hp∂n√. kv-{Xo ]o-U-\-߃-s°-Xncm- b t]m- c m- ´ w B- W - [ n- I m- c Øn¬ cq-]-s∏-´ s]m-Xp-t_m-[Øn-\pw `-c-W-Iq-S cm-jv-{So-b-Øn\p-sa-Xn-cm-b t]m-cm-´-am-Wv. ap-gph≥ kv-{Xo-I-fpw kv-{Xo-kw-L-S\-If - pw ssew-Kn-I \yq-\] - £ - ß - fpw H-cp-an-®v H-‰-s°-´m-bn h-en-b k-Ω¿-±-i-‡n-bm-bn am-td-≠-Xp≠v. F-¶n-te _-em¬-°m-c-ßfpw a-‰v A-Xn-{I-a-ß-fpw A-Xn-Pohn-®h - ¿-°v Xm-s\m-‰b - v° - √ - F-∂ t_m-≤y-tØm-sS \n-b-a-t]m-cm-´ß-fn¬ A-Sn-bp-d-®v \n¬-°m≥ km-[n-°q.

kv{XoIƒ C\nbpw \n»-_vZ-cm-bn-cp-∂p-IqSm _¬-°n-kv _m-\p-

kv-{Xo

ap-t∂-‰-hpw kv-{Xo im-‡o-I-c-W-hpw `-c-W-X-e-Øn¬ ap-t∂m-´psh-°m≥ tI-{μ-˛-kw-ÿm\ k¿-°m-cp-I-fp-sS a-’cw I-≠-t∏mƒ A-Xv kv{Xo-I-fp-sS a-\- n-s\-¶nepw A¬-]w i-‡n-]-I-cpsa-∂v I-cp-Xn. F-∂mA-Sn-Ø-d-bn-√m-Ø h-\nXm a-Xn-epw t_-´n-_-®mthm t_-´n ]Tm-thm F∂ s]m-≈-Ø-c-hpw Fßn-s\-bm-sW-∂v \mw I≠p. kv-{Xo-I-fp-sS, Ip-´nI-fp-sS ]o-U-\-ß-fn-epw ]o-U-\ sIm-e-I-fn-epw I≈m I-≈m F-∂p hn-fn-®v Bƒ-°q-´-Øn-\n-S-bn-eq-sS A-]-c-s\ Nq-≠n Hm-Sp-∂ I-≈-s‚ k-ao-]-\-am-Wv kw- ÿ m- \ `- c - W - h ¿- § sØ ]n-¥p-W-°p-∂-h¿ kzo-I-cn-®-Xv. \n-b-a-hm-gv-Nbn¬ \n-∂pw \n-b-aw I-ønse-Sp-t°-≠-Xn-te-°v kv{Xo k-aq-l-sØ `-c-W-IqS-߃ X-≈n-hn-Sp-∂p. `-cW- h y- h - ÿ - I - f p- s S H- c p Po¿- W - X Cu kw- ` - h -

߃ sh-fn-hm-°p-∂p. bp.-]n.bn-se l-Yv-dm-kn-te-t°m-Sp-∂ C-h¿, B t]m-Ip-∂ h-gn-bnA-Xn-\p ap≥-]v \-S-∂ ]m-eØm-bn-tbm, 9, 12 h-b- m-b Z-fn-X-cm-b c-≠p sIm-®p Ip-´nI-sf ]-e {]m-h-iyw {Iq-c-ambn ]o-Un-∏n-®v sI-´n-Øq-°n sIm-∂p-I-f-™ hm-f-bm-tdm Im-Wp-I-bp-≠m-bn-√. t_-´n ]Tm-thm F-∂v ]-d-™ tI-{μk¿-°m-cm-I-s´, ]T-\ h-gn-Ifn¬ a-d-™n-cn-°p-∂ C-c ]nSn-b-∑m-cm-b k-h¿-W-cp-sS {Iqc-_-em-’w-K-Øn-\v C-c-bm-tI≠n h- ∂ a- l m- Z - f n- X - c m- b s]¨-Ip-´n-I-sf I-Øn-®p If-™ {]-Xn-Iƒ-s°m-∏w \n¬°p-∂p. \n-b-a ]m-e-I-tc-bpw `-cW - k - w-hn-[m-\t- Ø-bpw t\m°p- I p- Ø n- I - f m- ° nbm-Wv A-h¿ t_-´n _-®m-thm \-S-∏n-em°p-sa-∂v ho-º-Sn-°p∂-Xv. ko- X - s b X- ´ ns°m-≠p-t]m-b cm-hW≥, X-s‚ sIm-´m-

A¥¿[m-c

17

c-Øn¬, X-S-¶-en¬ ]m¿-∏n®n-cn-°p-∂ ko-X-sb, A-h-fpsS k-Ω-X-an-√m-Øn-\m¬ H-cn°-epw H-cp t\m-´w sIm-≠pt]m-epw ]o-Un-∏n-®n-√. Xn-cn®p In-´n-b ko-X-sb A-·n-]co-£ \-S-Øp-∂ km-[m-]p-cpj-\m-bn am-dn-b cm-a-t\-°mƒ kv - { Xo h¿- § - Ø n- \ v C- j v - S w tXm-∂p-I cm-h-W-t\m-Sm-Wv. F-∂m¬ cm-h-W-\pw kv-{Xosb A-h-fp-sS k-Ω-X-an-√m-sXbm-Wv sIm-≠p-t]m-Ip-∂-sX∂v a-d-∂p I-f-bp-∂n-√. bp.-]n.-bn-se _¬-dmw-]qcn- s e l- Y v - d m- k n¬ ]o- U - \ sIm-e-Iƒ k¿-Δ-km-[m-c-Wam-Wv. Im-c-Ww A-hn-sS a-lmZ-fn-X¿ Ip-d-®p Ip-Spw-_-߃ Xm-a-kn-°p-∂ G-cn-b-bn¬ kh¿-W h¿-§-Øn-s‚ am-\-kn-I ssh-Ir-Xw Xo¿-°p-∂-Xv Z-fnX¿-°p ta-se-bm-Wv. A-hn-sS k-h¿-W¿-°p ta-se ]-cp-¥pw ]-d-°n-√. Im-c-Ww A-[n-Im-chpw ]-W-hpw A-h¿-s°m-∏-amWv. 19 Im-cn-bm-b a-\o-j hmflo-In-sb-∂ Ip-´n-sb kw-Lw tN¿-∂v ]o-Un-∏n-® ti-jw \s´-√pw Im-epw X-I¿-Øv, \mh-cn-™v, ho-´p-Im-sc t]m-epw Im-Wn-°m-sX N-h-dp-Iq-\-Iƒ°n-S-bn-en-´v I-Øn-®p I-f-bp-∂Xn-\v Iq-´p \n¬-°p-∂-Xv \o-Xn˛ \n-b-a-]m-e-I¿. A-h-fp-sS \m-hv A-cn-™-Xv a-c-W-sam-gn \¬-Im-Xn-cn-°m-\m-Wv. C-Xpt]m-se-bm-Wv hm-f-bm-dn-se Zfn-X-cm-b C-c-´-°p-´n-I-fp-sS hn[n-bpw. ]-e-\m-fn-ep-≈ kw-L˛-]o-U-\-Øn-\p-ti-jw sI-´nØq- ° n- s °m- ∂ p- I - f - ™ - X mWv. ]m-e-Øm-bn-se 10 h-b- pIm-cn-bp-sS ]o-U-I-\m-b {]-Xnsb c-£n-°¬, A-\-L, imcn, Pn-j....F-∂n-h-cp-sS sIm-eIƒ F-√m-bn-S-Øpw `-c-W-IqSw {]m-Y-an-I A-t\z-j-W-ßfn-¬ ssI-I-S-Ø-ep-Iƒ \-SØn tIm-S-Xn-bn-eq-sS {]-XnIƒ-°-\p-Iq-e hn-[n t\-Sm≥

18

A¥¿[m-c

k-lm-bn-°p-Ib - m-Wv D-≠mbXv. _¬-dmw-]q-cn¬ sKbv≥-km-cn-bn¬ 22 Im-cn-tbbpw B-h-iyw I-gn-™v sIm-√m≥ {i-an-®p. D-∂mthm-bn-se c-≠p s]¨-Ip´n-I-sf ]o-Un-∏n-®-Xn¬ Ahn-Sp-sØ Fw.-F¬.F AS-°w {]-Xn-bm-Wv. A-hn-sSbpw kw-Lw tN¿-∂v ]oUn-∏n-®v sX-fn-hn-√m-Xm°m≥ I-Øn-®p I-f-bp-∂Xm-Wv I-≠-Xv. C-Ø-cw sIm-e-Iƒ \-tΩm-Sv ]-d-bp-∂-Xv, kv{Xo-I-sf, Z-fn-X-sc c-≠mwX-cw ]u-c-∑m-cm-bn h-tcWy¿ Im-Wp-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv. \n-b-a-kp-c-£-bpw `-c-WL-S-\m-h-Im-i-ß-fpw \n-e\n¬-s° X-s∂ A-Xn-s\sb-√mw t\m-°p-Ip-Øn-Ifm-°n-s°m-≠m-Wv, `-c-WIq-S ÿm-]-\-߃ {]-h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xv. A-Xn-s‚ Zqjy- ^ - e w G- ‰ - h pw Iq- S pX¬ _m-[n-°p-∂-Xpw A\p-`-hn-°p-∂-Xpw kv-{Xo-Ifpw Ip-´n-I-fpw Z-fn-X-cp-amWv. kv-{Xo-Iƒ N-c-°v F∂ ]-g-b co-Xn-bn¬ \n-∂v use & throw F-∂ B-[p-\nI co-Xn-bn-te-°v am-‰-s∏-´ncn-°p-∂p. sN-dp-Øp \n¬∏n-s\ `-b-s∏-Sp-Øn \n-»_v-Z-am-°p-∂p. `-b-ap-≈ Hcp k-aq-l-Øn¬ F-ßn-s\bm-Wn-h¿ k-a-Xz-kp-μ-c-amb t£-a-cm-jv-{Sw sI-´n-∏Sp-°p-∂-Xv? A-cm-P-I-Xzhpw A-cm-jv-{So-b-hp-am-b Np-‰p-]m-Sn¬ F-ßn-s\ ]uc-kp-c-£ \-S-∏n-em-°pw? \n-߃ \n-i-_v-Z-cm-°n-b \m-hp-Iƒ kv-{Xo-I-fn-eq-sS C-\n-bpw N-en-°pw, i-_v-Zap- b ¿- Ø pw A- X n- P o- h n°m≥ kv-{Xo-Iƒ-°p i-_vZ-ap-b¿-Øn-tb Xo-cq.

Z-fn-Xv ]o-V\ - ß - ƒ hw-i-l-XyIq-sS-bm-Wv -am-bm-{]-tam-Zv-

l

-Yv-dm-kv, hm-f-bm¿, B-kn^ C-ß-s\ ]o-U-\-Øn-\v PmXn-bn-√m-sb-∂v ]-d-bp-∂-h-tcmSv, \n-߃-°v t]m-cm-tS-≠-Xv patriarchy tbm-Sv am-{X-am-bn-cn°pw. F- ∂ m¬ R- ß - f p- s S t]m-cm-´w F-°m-e-Øpw Pm-Xntbm-Sm-Wv. kv-{Xo-sb-∂ \n-ebn-epw Z-en-Xv kv-{Xo F-∂ \ne-bn-epw C-c-´ A-Sn-®-a¿-ØB-Wv R-߃ t\-cn-Sp-∂-Xv sX-cp-hn¬ C-d-ßn-bm¬ PmXn am-{X-a-√ tNm-Zyw sN-ø-s∏Sp- ∂ - X v . kv - { Xo- b p- s S \n- d w tkm-jy¬ sem-t°-j≥, sXmgn¬ C-h-sb-√m-am-Wv. R-߃ t\-cn-Sp-∂-Xv Pm-Xn-bm¬ s]mXn-™ ]o-U-\-ß-fpw A-Sn-®a¿-Ø-epw B-Wv. H-cp Z-en-Xv kv-{Xo-sb td-∏v sN-bv-Xp sIm√p-∂-tXm-Sp-Iq-Sn hw-io-b-am-b H-cp C-√m-bv-a sN-ø¬ Iq-Sn-bmWv \-S-°p-∂-Xv. A-sX, Z-fn-Xv ]o-U-\-߃ hw-i-l-Xy-Iq-sSbm-sW-∂v \n-߃-°p a-\- nem-Im-Ø-Xn-\p Im-c-Ww \n߃ H-cp Z-en-Xv A-√m-Ø-Xp sIm-≠p am-{X-am-Wv.

jl\mkv Dkvam≥ (APvam≥)

Imb¬hngn tkXpIcmip (_wKvfqcp)

A¥¿[m-c

19

[-\y hn.hn.

s]-Æp-SH-cp I-fn-∏m-´-a-√ A-ºn-fn Hm-a-\-°p-´≥-

C-¥y≥ P-\-kw-Jy-bp-sS 25 i-X-am-\-tØm-fw Z-fn-Xv P-\-hn`m-K-߃ B-Wv. Hm-tcm 18 an\n-‰n-epw H-cp Z-fn-X-s\-¶n-epw A-{I-a-Øn-\p C-c-bm-Ip-∂p. Znh-kw aq-∂p Z-fn-Xv kv-{Xo-Iƒ F-¶n-epw _-em¬-kw-Kw sNø-s∏-Sp-∂p. {]-Xn-Zn-\w Z-fn-X¿°v t\-sc 27 A-Xn-{I-a tIkp-Iƒ F-¶n-epw dn-t∏m¿-´v sN-ø-s∏-Sp-∂p. Hm-tcm B-gv-Nbn-epw 6 Z-fn-X-sc F-¶n-epw X´n-s°m-≠v t]m-Ip-I-tbm ImWm-Xm-hp-It- bm sN-øp-∂p. F¥p-sIm-≠v _-em-’w-K tIkp-I-fn¬ `q-cn-`m-Kw Z-fn-Xv kv{Xo-I-tfm s]¨-Ip-´n-I-tfm B-Ip-∂p..? l-Yv-dm-kv C-¥ybp-sS s\-©n-se \o-‰e - m-bn amdn-°-gn-™p. bp.]n bn-em-h-s´, tI-c-f-Øn-em-h-s´, C-¥y-bnse a-‰p kw-ÿm-\-ß-fn-em-Is´ F-{X-tbm Z-fn-Xv bp-h-XnIƒ C-Ø-cw A-{I-a-߃-°v C- c - b m- I p- ∂ p- ≠ v . ]p- d - Ø - d n™-Xn-te-sd A-dn-bm-Ø F{X-tbm tI-kp-Iƒ D-≠m-hmw. \-Ωp-sS C-¥y-bn-se \nb-a-hpw \o-Xn-bp-sa-√mw F∂pw th-´-°m-c-s\m-∏-am-Wv \ne-sIm-≈p-∂-Xv. Z-fn-X-tcm, Z-fnXv kv-{Xo-I-tfm F-∂pw A-Sn-

20

A¥¿[m-c

®-a¿-Ø-s∏-´p In-S-t°-≠-hcm-Wv F-s∂m-cp k-h¿-Æm[n-Im-c A-[-a-t_m-[w s]mXp-k-aq-l-Øn¬ F-∂pw \ne-\n¬-°p-∂p-≠v. A-h-tcm-Sv sN-øp-∂ A-\o-Xn-s°-Xn-sc B-cpw tNm-Zn-°m≥ h-cn-√. h∂m-epw A-[n-Im-c-hpw kzm[o-\-hpw ]-W-hpw D-]-tbm-Kn®v A-Xn-s\ tX-bv-®p am-bv-®p I-fb - m≥ X-øm-dm-bn \n¬-°p∂ H-cp Pm-Xo-bm-[n-Im-cw kaq-l-Øn-s‚ ta¬-Ø-´n¬ hncm-Pn-°p-∂p-≠v. l-Yv-dm-knem-bm-epw hm-f-bm-dn-em-bmepw C-Xv X-s∂-bm-Wv kw-`hn-°p-∂X - v. B-Xy-¥n-Ia - m-bn Pm-Xn-s°-Xn-sc, Z-fn-X¿-°p th- ≠ n i- _ v - Z - a p- b ¿- Ø n- b dmw a-t\m-l¿ tem-ly-bp-sS ]-£-ap-≈ tkm-jy-en-Ãv A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ t]m-epw ]-e L-´-ß-fn-epw \n-i-_v-Z-cm-bn C-sXm-∂pw X-ß-sf _m-[n°p-∂-X-√ F-∂ a-´n¬ a-\∏q¿-Δw D-d° - w \-Sn-°p-∂p-sh∂v F-\n-°v tXm-∂n-bn-´p-≠v. kv-{Xo-Iƒ-°v th-≠n C-¥ybn¬ H-cp-]m-Sv \n-b-a-߃ D≠v. F-∂m¬ A-h¿-°v th≠ \o-Xn e-`y-am-Ip-∂n-√. Chn-sS ]m-hs - ∏-´h - ¿-°v H-cp \nb-a-hpw ]-W-°m¿-°v a-s‰mcp \n-b-a-hp-am-Wv. B hy-hÿn-Xn-bm-Wv am-td-≠-Xv. lYv-dm-kv s]¨-Ip-´n-°v \o-Xn In-´p-I X-s∂ th-Ww. k-h¿W Pm-Xn-t°m-a-c-߃-°v ckn-°m-\pw B-tLm-jn-°m\pw D-≈ H-cp D-]-t`m-K hkv-Xp-h-√ Z-fn-Xv s]¨-In-Sm߃.

\n¿-`b- t- I-kn-\v ap≥-]pw tij-hpw H-´-\-h-[n th-Z-\n-∏n-°p∂ kw-`-h-߃-°v \mw km£n-I-fm-bn. D-∂m-hv ]o-U-\t°-kv X-s∂ t\m-°mw. ]o-U\-Øn-\n-c-bm-bn A-Xo-h Kp-cpX- c m- h - ÿ - b n¬ B- i p- ] - { Xnbn¬ {]-th-in-∏n-°s - ∏-´ s]¨Ip-´n-bp-sS Ip-Spw-_-Øn-\v kw`-hn-®-sX-s¥-∂v sR-´-tem-sSbm-Wv \mw I-≠-Xv? A-Xn-Zmcp-W-am-bn a-c-W-Øn-\v Io-g-Stß-≠n h-∂ A-hƒ-°v \o-Xn th-t≠? hm-f-bm-dn¬ H≥-]Xpw ]-Xn-aq-∂pw h-b- p-am-{Xw {]m-ba - p-≈ ]n-©p-s]¨-a° - ƒ Xq-ßn-a-cn-®p F-∂v hn-iz-kn°m≥ am-{Xw _p-≤n a-c-hn-® H-cp P-\-X-b-√ C-hn-sS-bp-≈-Xv F-∂v Rm≥ I-cp-Xp-∂p. ]t£ B-cp-sS-sbm-s°-tbm cmjv-{So-b, kzm¿-∞, ssew-Kn-I Xm¬-]-cy-߃-°p th-≠n Chn-Sp-sØ \n-b-a, \o-Xn-\ym-b hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ I-Æ-S-bv-°p-∂p. {]m-b-t`-Z-a-t\y kv-{Xo-I-sf ssew-Kn-I-am-bn Nq-j-Ww sNøp-∂-Xn-se a-t\m-hn-Nm-cw F{X-am-{Xw hn-I-e-am-Wv, A-d-∏pf-hm-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. ]p-cp-j-s\ C-Xn-te-°v t{]-cn-∏n-°p-∂ LS-I-ß-fn¬ {]-[m-\w kz-¥w Ip-Spw-_k - w-hn-[m-\w X-s∂-bmbn-cn-°-Ww. h-f¿-∂p h-cp-∂ km-l-N-cy-Øn¬ kz-¥w ho´n¬ I-≠p-h-cp-∂ enw-K- A-ka- X z- h pw, A- ] - c ym- ] v - X - a m- b ssew-Kn-I A-dn-hpw B-Wv ]pcp-j-s‚ C-Ø-cw tNm-Z-\-Iƒ°v \n-Zm-\w. sIm-tdm-W tcmKn-bm-b kv-{Xo-sb Bw-_p-e≥kn¬ sh-®v ]o-Un-∏n-°p-∂n-StØm-fw A-[x-]X - n-®n-cn-°p-∂p B-k-‡n. A-Ø-cw hy-‡nIƒ Cu k-aq-l-Øn-\v h-enb _m-[y-X-I-fm-bn-Øo-cpw. kv - { Xo A- Ω - b m- W v ktlm- Z - c n- b m- W v F- s ∂m- s °

kn-ÿ A-\p-]-a-

kv-{Xo-Iƒ i-_v-Zn-®psIm-t≠bn-cn-°-Ww tLm-c-tLm-cw {]-kw-Kn-°p-∂ ]-e-cp-sS-bpw b-Ym¿-∞ `m-hw sh-fn-s∏-Sm≥ H-scm-‰ \nan-jw a-Xn. ]-e kw-`-h-ß-fn-eq-sS-bpw AXv hy-‡-am-b-Xm-Wv. ssew-Kn-I-X F-∂Xv ]p-cp-j-\p am-{Xw A-\p-`-hy-am-b H-∂-√.

C-W-bm-b kv-{Xo Iq-Sn `m-K-`m-°m-tI-≠ H-∂m-Wv. A-Xn {Iq-c-am-bn ]o-Un-∏n-® ti-jw \m-h-cn-™pw \-s´-√p X-I¿-Øpw \n-jv-Icp-Ww t`m-Kn-°p-tºmƒ A-hn-sS ssew-Kn-Im-\p-`h-a-√, B¨-a-\- n-se ssh- I r- X - a m- W v {]- h ¿Øn-°p-∂-Xv. D-]-tbm-Kn®v h-en-s®-dn-bm≥ s]-Æv sh-dp-sam-cp I-fn-t°m-∏√. B-Wn-s\ t]m-se a÷-bpw amw-k-hpw a-\ p-ap-≈ H-cp a-\p-jy-Pohn- b m- s W- ∂ v \- Ω p- s S B¨-Ip-´n-I-sf a-\- nem-°n-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. AXn-{I-a-ß-sf i-‡-am-bn sN-dp-°p-I-bpw ]-c-ky-am-bn {]-Xn-I-cn-°pI-bpw sN-øp-∂ kv-{Xo-I-sf s^-an-\n-Ãv F∂pw B-Iv-Sn-hn-Ãv F-∂pw ap-{Z-Ip-Øn imco-cn-I-hpw am-\-kn-I-hp-am-bn A-[n-t£-]n°m-\p-≈ hy-{K-X k-aq-l-Øn¬ h¿-≤n-®p h-cn-I-bm-Wv. C-Ø-cw km-aq-ln-I A-Xn-{Ia-߃-s°-Xn-sc kv-{Xo-Iƒ t]m-cm-Sp-I Xs∂ th-Ww. A-Xn-\m-bn F-√m ta-J-e-Ifn-te-bpw kv-{Xo-I-sf im-‡o-I-cn-°-Ww. kv-{Xo-Iƒ cm-jv-{So-b-t_m-[-ap-≈-h-cpw kaq-l-Øn-s‚ \m-\m-Xp-d-I-fn-epw {]-h¿-Øn°p-∂-h-cpw B-bn-Øo-c-Ww. P-\m-[n-]-Xyw H-cp kw-kv-Im-c-am-bn hn-I-kn-®n-´n-√m-Ø-Xn\m-em-Wv enw-K-k-a-Xzw Aw-Ko-I-cn-°-s∏-SmØ-sX-∂ Xn-cn-®-dn-hv k-aq-l-Øn-\v C-Xph-sc-bpw ssI-h-∂n-´n-√. A-Xn-∂m-bn kv-{XoIƒ i-_v-Zn-®p sIm-t≠-bn-cn-°-Ww.

N

-cn-{Xm-Xo-X Im-ew ap-X¬ kv-{Xo-Iƒ A-\p-`hn-°p-∂ ]o-U-\-߃ A-Xv ssew-Kn-I-am-bm-epw A-s√-¶n-epw a-\- n-epw i-co-c-Øn-epw am-bm-ØXpw B-g-Øn-ep-≈-Xp-am-b ap-dn-hp-I-fm-Wv D-≠m°p-∂-Xv. \mw ]n-¥p-S-cp-∂ kw-kv-Im-c-Øn¬ kv{Xo F-∂pw ]p-cp-j-s‚ A-Sn-a-bm-bn-cn-°-W-sa-∂ A-Sn-ÿm-\-t_m-[w D-s≠-∂-Xm-Wv A-Xn-s‚ Imc-Ww . kv-{Xo kzm-X-{¥yw F-∂-Xv k-aq-l-Øns‚ D-Ø-c-hm-Zn-Xz-am-bn-Øo-cm-sX C-Xp am-dp-I-bn√.

C-∂-sØ `m-c-X kw-kv-Im-c-Øn¬ Pm-Xnhy-h-ÿ-bpw enw-K-hn-th-N-\-hpw sI-´n-∏n-W-™v In-S-°p-∂p. Pm-Xn hy-h-ÿ-bn¬ A-[n-jvTn-X-amb k-aq-l-Øn¬ A-[n-Im-c-t{i-Wn-bp-sS G-‰-hpw Xm-sg X-´n¬ \n¬°p-∂ Z-fn-X-cp-sS {]-tXy-In-®v Z-fn-Xv kv-{Xo-I-fp-sS ÿnXn h-f-sc Z-b-\o-bam-Wv. lm {Xm-kv hm-f-bm¿ kw-`-h߃ Nq-≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂-Xv A-Xp X-s∂-bm-Wv. F-{X-tbm am-k-߃ ]n-∂n-´-ti-j-hpw hm-f-bm¿ Ip-™p-߃-°v \o-Xn In-´p-∂n-√. \o-Xn-°m-bp-≈ I-c-®n¬ B-cp-tS-bpw {i-≤-bn¬ s]-Sp-∂p-an-√. \ncm-i-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv C-Xn-s\-Xn-sc F-¥p-sIm-≠v tcm-jw Pz-en-®p-b-cp-∂n-√ F-∂-Xm-Wv. kv-{Xo-I-sf c-≠mw-X-cw ]u-c-cm-bn-´v , A_-e-I-fpw N-]-e-I-fpw B-bn-´v F-gp-Xn-Ø-≈p-∂ Im-gv-N-∏m-Spw X-Xz-im-kv-{X-hpw am-td-≠-Xp-≠v. a\p-jy-Ip-e-Øn-s‚ \n-e-\n¬-∏n-s‚ B-[m-c-ß-fmWv B-Wpw s]-Æp-sa-∂ Xn-cn-®-dn-hv k-aq-lØn¬ h-f¿-tØ-≠-Xp-≠v. kv-{Xo-I-fp-sS-bpw ]p-cp-j∑ - m-cp-tS-bpw am-{X-a√ - am-\h - c - m-in-bp-sS BsI X-s∂-bpw \n-e-\n¬-∏n-\v A-Xv B-h-iy-amWv. kv-{Xo-sb-∂pw ]p-cp-j-s\-∂pw c-≠v hn-`m-Kß-fm-bn Po-h-Pm-e-ß-sf-bm-sI th¿-Xn-cn-®n-´p-≈Xv {]-Ir-Xn-bpsS \n-e-\n¬-∏n\m- W v . B- t cbpw N-hn-´n-saXn-°m-\m-bn-´p≈ sse- k ≥kv B- b n- ´ - √ .

A-Xn-\m¬ kv{Xo \o-Xn ssZh-\o-Xn X-s∂bm-Wv.

kv-{Xo-\o-Xn Hu-Zm-cy-a-√

A¥¿[m-c

21

-c-ay hn.B¿.-

kq

-cy-s\-√n, hm-f-bm¿, l¿{Xm-kv A-ßn-s\ \o-fp-∂p kv{Xo-Iƒ-°v t\-sc A-Xn-{I-aw \-S-∂-Xn-\m¬ am-{Xw (Ip)-{]kn-≤n-bm¿-÷n-® \m-Sp-Iƒ. Hcp ]-t£ \m-sf \-Ωp-sS \mSn-s‚ t]-cm-hpw A-hn-sS Dƒt®¿-t°-≠n h-cn-I. A-ßn-s\bm-sW-¶n¬ X-s∂ \mw H-cmgv-N B \m-Sn-s‚ t]-cn¬; B Ip-´n-bp-sS t]-cn¬ lm-jv-Sm-Kv C-Sp-∂p. hm-´v-kv-B-∏v Un ]n am-‰p-∂p. t^-kv-_p-°v t]m-ÃnSp-∂p. I-gn-™p \-Ωp-sS D-Øc-hm-Zn-Xzw. A-t∏m-tg-°pw ]pXn-b B-sc-¶n-epw F-Øn-bn-cn°pw. lm-jv-Sm-Kn-t\m-Sv tN¿-∂v \n¬-°m≥. ti-jw ho-≠pw B {]-{In-b Xp-S-cpw. Xp-S¿-∂p sIm-t≠-bn-cn-°pw. F-¥m-Wv C-Xn-\p-≈ ]-cn-lm-cw? F-hn-sSbm-Wv Cu {]-iv-\-߃ Xp-Sßp-∂X - v? s]m-Xp-th `q-cn-`m-Kw B-fp-I-fpw ]-d-™v tI-´n-´p-≠v \n-b-a-ho-gv-N-bm-Wv C-Xn-s\√mw Im-c-Ww F-∂v. \-Ωp-sS \n-b-a-߃ Ip-d-®v Iq-Sn _-eap-≈-Xm-Wv F-¶n¬ Cu AXn-{I-a-߃ X-S-bm≥ km-[n°p-sa-∂v. ]-Ip-Xn i-cn-bm-bn-cn°pw. Im-c-Ww \n-b-aw _-es∏-´m¬ H-cp ]-t£ kv{- Xo-Iƒ°v t\-sc-bp-≈ A-Xn-{I-aß - ƒ 50% Ip-d-bv-°p-hm≥ km-[n-°pam-bn-cn-°pw. ti-jn-°p-∂ 50% Ip-d-bv-°m≥ \mw Hm-tcm-cp-Ø-

22

A¥¿[m-c

lm-jv Sm-Kp-Iƒ I-Y ]-d-bp-tºmƒ cpw a-\- v sh-t® ]-‰q. kz-¥w i-co-c-tØ-bpw B-fl-hn-izm-ktØ-bpw ]-‰n \mw \-Ωp-sS s]¨- I p- ™ p- ß ƒ- ° v ]- d ™p sIm-Sp-°p-∂-Xv t]m-se X-s∂ s]¨-Ip-´n-If - p-sS aq-eyhpw A-h-cp-sS hy-‡n-Xz-sØ am-\n-°p-∂-Xn-s‚ B-h-iy-I-Xbpw \-Ωp-sS B¨-Ip-´n-I-tfbpw t_m-[y-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xv A-Xym-h-iy-am-Wv. Rm-s\-ßs\-bm-tWm A-Xp-t]m-se Xs∂- b m- W v F- s ‚ ap- ∂ n\n¬-°p-∂-h-fpw F-∂ Nn-¥ h-f¿-Øn-sb-Sp-°-Ww. C-Xv \Ωp-sS Ip-Spw-_-ß-fn¬ \n-∂pw ]-cn-io-en-∏n-®p Xp-S-tß-≠-XmWv. {i-≤n-°p-I, hm-°p-I-fn-eqsS-bm-h-cp-Xv Cu ]T-\w \-ΩpsS {]-hr-Øn-I-fn-eq-sS-bm-hWw. A-h¿-°v hm-ßn \¬-Ip∂ I-fn-∏m-´-ß-fn¬, A-h¿ FSp-°p-∂ Xo-cp-am-\ß - f - n¬ \mw \¬-Ip-∂ ]n-¥p-W-bn¬, Ah¿-°v \¬-Ip-∂ A-h-k-c-ßfn¬ F- √ mw t_m- [ - ] q¿- Δ w Cu aq-ey-߃ Dƒ-t®¿-°m≥ \-ap-°v I-gn-b-Ww. C-Xn-s\√mw D-]-cn B-dv h-b- n-\p≈n¬ cq-]w sIm-≈p-∂ A-hs‚/A-h-fp-sS hy-‡n-Xz hnIm-k-Øn¬ A-\p-I-cn-°m-hp∂ am-Xr-II - f - m-bn; am-Xm-]n-Xm°-fm-bn; k-tlm-Z-c-ß-fm-bn; kp-lr-Øp-°-fm-bn \-ap-°v amdmw. C-Xn-\m-bn C-∂p sXm-t´ \-ap-°v am-dn Nn-¥n-°mw. \-ΩpsS ap-∂n¬ h-∂v \n¬-°p-∂ \m-ev h-b- p-≈ Ip-™p t]mepw H-cp hy-‡n-bm-sW-∂ \ne-bn¬ aq-eyw \¬-In \-ap-°v s]-cp-am-dmw. lm-jvS- m-Kp-If - p-sS

kz-¥w i-co-ct- Ø-bpw Bfl-hn-izm-k-tØ-bpw ]-‰n \mw \- Ω p- s S s]¨- I p™p- ß ƒ- ° v ]- d - ™ p sIm-Sp-°p-∂X - v t]m-se Xs∂ s]¨-Ip-´n-If- p-sS aqey-hpw A-hc- p-sS hy-‡n-XzsØ am-\n-°p-∂-Xn-s‚ B-h-iy-I-X-bpw \-Ωp-sS B¨-Ip-´n-I-tf-bpw t_m[y-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xv A-Xymh-iy-am-Wv.

F-Æw Ip-d-bv-°m≥ \-sΩ I≠p h-f-cp-∂ h-cpw X-e-ap-d-bv°v ]p-Xn-b h-gn Im-Wn-®p sImSp-°mw. kv-t\-l-hpw ]-c-kv-]c _- l p- a m- \ - h pw \n- d - ™ p\n¬-°p-∂ t\¿-h-gn.

bm-an- tam-l≥-

tI

-c-f-Øn¬ Ip-´n-Iƒ-s°Xn-sc-bp-≈ ]o-U-\-߃ A-hkm-\n-°p-∂n-√ F-∂-Xn-\p-≈ sX-fn-hp-Iƒ \n-c-¥-cw Iq-Sns°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. ]o-Un∏n- ° - s ∏- S p- ∂ s]¨- I p- ´ n- I fn¬ 80 i-X-am-\-hpw B-Zn-hmkn-˛Z- f - n-Xv hn-`m-Kß - f - n¬ \n-∂p≈-h-cm-Wv. I-W-°p-Iƒ ]-cntim-[n-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Iq-SpX¬ tI-kp-I-fpw ]p-d-Øv hcm-dn-√. 2020 Pq-sse h-sc tIc-f-Øn¬ 1746 t]m-Iv-tkm tIkp-I-fm-Wv dn-t∏m¿-´v sN-ø-s∏´-Xv. \o-Xn-bpw \n-b-a-hp-sams° A-dn-bm-hp-∂-h¿ X-s∂bm-Wv {]-Xn-ÿm-\-Øp-≈-Xv. A-√m-sX H-∂n-s\-∏-‰n-bpw Adn-hn-√m-Ø-h-c-√. sX-‰p sN-bvX-h-sc kw-c-£n-°m≥ am-{Xam-Wv F-√m-h-cpw {i-an-°p-∂Xv. A-Xn-\v C-c-bm-b-h-sc ]-‰n F-t¥ B-cpw A-t\z-jn-°mØ-Xv? \-Ωp-sS Ip-™p-߃ \m-sf Cu k-aq-l-Øn¬ Pohn-t°-≠-h-c-t√?

G-‰-hpw A-Sp-Øm-bn tIc-f-Øn¬ hn-hm-Z-am-b H-cp tIkm-Wv I-Æq¿ ]m-e-Øm-bnbn¬ ]-Øp h-b-kp-Im-cn ]oUn-∏n-°-s∏-´ kw-`-hw. C-hn-sS A-h-sf C-c-bm-°n-b-Xv A-hƒ Kp-cp-ÿm-\-Øv I-≠ A-[ym]-I-\m-Wv. X-\n-°-dn-bm-hp-∂ A-dn-hp-Iƒ ]-¶p-sh-bv-t°-≠ A-≤ym-]-I≥ Im-a-Øn-s‚ IÆp-I-tfm-sS X-s‚ ap-∂n-en-cn°p-∂ Ip-´n-I-sf I-≠m¬, AXpw ssew-Kn-IX - s - b-s¥-∂v Adn-bm-Ø {]m-b-Øn-ep-≈ H-cp Ip-™n-s\ I-≠m¬, ]n-s∂ A-h-s‚ D-≈n-ep-≈ A-dn-hn-∂v F-¥p hn-e-bm-Wp-≈-Xv...? tIm-SX - n-°v ap-∂n¬ {]-Xn C-c-sb ]o-Un-∏n-®-Xn-\v sX-fnhn-√-t{X! s]¨-Ip-´n ]o-U-\Øn-\n-c-bm-sb-∂ sa-Un-°dn-t∏m¿-´pw C-cb - p-sS sam-gn-bpw

I-W-°n-se-Sp-°m-sX-bm-Wv ]fl-cm-P-s\ t]m-Iv-tkm-bn\n-s∂m-gn-hm-°n-b-Xv. s]¨Ip-´n ]-e Im-cy-ß-fpw sa-\s™-Sp-Øv ]-d-bp-∂ kz-`m-h°m-cn-bm-sW-∂pw ]o-U-\ ]cm-Xn-bn-se Im-cy-ß-fpw kzbw sa-\-s™-Sp-Ø `m-h-\ am{X- a m- s W- ∂ p- a m- W v ss{Iw{_m-©v ta-[m-hn-bm-b sF.-Pn.{io-Pn-Øn-s‚ t\-Xr-Xz-Øn-ep≈ A-t\z-j-W kw-L-Øns‚ dn-t∏m¿-´v. hm-fb - m¿ tI-kn-epw A- t \z- j - W D-tZym-Kÿ - ¿ X-s∂-bm-Wv hn-[n-sb-gp-Xnb-Xv. ""s]¨Ip- ´ n- I ƒ- ° v A-Xv C-jv-Sam-bn-cp-∂p. A-h-cp-sS Xm-ev-]cy-{]-Im-c-hpw kz-¥w C-jv-S-{]Im-c-hpw \-S-∂ ssew-Kn-I-_‘-am-Wv'' A-sX-∂m-bn-cp-∂p H-cp A-t\z-j-W D-tZym-K-ÿs‚ I-s≠-ج. H-∂m-tem-Nn®p t\m-°q. \n-ba - {- ]-Im-cw {]mb- ] q¿- Ø n- b m- I m- Ø H- c p s]¨-Ip-´n-bp-sS C-jv-S-sØ F-ß-s\-bm-Wv k-Ω-X-am-bn I-W-°m-°p-I? t]m-Iv-tkm t]m-ep-≈ i‡-am-b \n-b-aw h-∂n-´p-t]mepw, A-Xn-s\-∏-‰n \-∂m-bn Adn-™n-´p-t]m-epw C-Ø-cw sX‰p-Iƒ B-h¿-Øn-°p-∂-h-sc H-cn-°e - pw sh-dp-sX hn-Sm≥ ]mSn-√. A¿-ln-°p-∂ in-£ Xs∂- b m- W v A- h ¿- ° v t\- S ns°m-Sp-t°-≠-Xv. \n-߃-°v Ip-d-®p ss]k sIm-Sp-Øv B {]-iv-\-ßsf H-Øp Xo¿-∏m-°mw. A-s√¶n¬ tIm-S-Xn hn-[n-°p-∂ in£ A-\p-`-hn-®p I-gn-™v Xe-bp-b¿-Øn \-S-°mw. ]-t£, A-Xv t\-cn-´ H-cp s]¨-Ip-´nbp-≠v. A-hƒ-°v Po-hn-Xa - p-≠v. \n-߃ I-≠ Po-hn-X-Øn-s‚

s]-Æn-\pw H-cp a-\- p-s≠-∂v F-∂m-Wn-h¿ Xn-cn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xv? H-cp ]-Ip-Xn-°p-t]m-epw Ahƒ F-Øn-bn-´n-√. H-cp A-Ωbm-bn, a-I-fm-bn, s]-ß-fm-bn, `m-cy-bm-bn, Iq-´p-Im-cn-bm-bn, Hcp \-√ kv-{Xo-bm-sbm-s° Ahƒ-°v Po-hn-°-Ww. \n-ß-fpsS H-cp \n-an-j-sØ k-t¥mj-Øn-\p th-≠n F-¥n-\m-Wv A-h-cp-sS Po-hn-Xw \-in-∏n-°p∂-Xv? H-cp sIm-®p Ip-´n-bp-sS a\- n-ep-≈ hn-Im-cw F-¥msW-∂v \n-߃-°v a-\- n-em°m≥ I-gn-bp-∂n-t√..? H-cp ]mSv {]-Xo-£-Iƒ, B-{K-l-߃, kz-]v-\-߃ H-s° I-≠m-Wv Hm-tcm Ip-´n-bpw h-f¿-∂p h-cp∂-Xv. B {]-Xo-£-I-sf-sbms°-bm-Wv \n-ß-fp-sS H-cp t\c-sØ hn-Im-cw Xo¿-°m-\m-bn \n-߃ C-√m-Xm-°p-∂-Xv. \nß-fp-sS hn-Im-cw Xo¿-Øp Ign-™m¬ A-Xv A-\p-`-hn-® s]¨-Ip-´n-bp-sS am-\-kn-Im-hÿ- s b- ° p- d n- ® v Nn- ¥ n- ® n- ´ pt≠m? A-hƒ Im-Wp-∂ temI-sØ-°p-dn-®v, t\-cn-Sp-∂ {]iv-\-ß-sf-°p-dn-®v?

A¥¿[m-c

23

\nXy ssjPp

anØp sI.

24

A¥¿[m-c

s]-Æp-Se - n-s‚ A-h-Im-iw Aw-_n-I hn.Un.

s]-Æn-\p t\- s c A- ] am- \ - I - c - a m- b I- t ø- ‰ - ß ƒ D-≠m-Ip-∂-Xns‚ D-Ø-c-hmZn- Ø w ap- g ph≥ k- a q- l Øn- t ‚- X p- a mWv. H-cp s]¨-Ip-´n P-\n®m¬ A- ∂ p ap- X ¬ A- h fp-sS ssh-Im-cn-I-X-I-sf A-S-°n sh-°m≥ ]Tn-∏n-®p Xp-S-ßpw. A-ß-s\ A-S-ßn-sbm-Xpßn-°-gn-bp-∂-Xn-\n-S-°v A-hƒ-°v \-„-am-Ip-∂ D-’m-l-߃ H-cn-°-epw Xn-cn-®p h-cn-√. \n-b-a-ß-fpw km-aq-ln-I A-¥-co-£-hpw Ip-Spw-_-ku-lr-Z-ß-fp-sam-s° \o s]-ÆmsW-∂ t_m-[w ]-d-™v D-d-∏n-°p-∂p. _-lpam-\-hpw kv-t\-l-hpw enw-K t`-Z-an-√m-sX F√m a-\p-jy¿-°pw A¿-l-X-s∏-´-Xm-sW-∂v Hmtcm B-Wn-t\-bpw s]-Æn-t\-bpw ]Tn-∏n-°Ww. A-h¿-°p P-\n-°p-∂ Ip-´n-I-fn-epw Ip™p-∂m-fn-te kzm-`n-am-\w h-f¿-Ø-Ww. k-a-Im-en-I C-¥y-bn¬ \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂ Pm-Xn hn-th-N-\-ß-fpw A-h-tl-f-\-ß-fpw IqSp-X¬ k-º-Øv ssI-h-iw sh-°p-∂-h¿-°v e`n-°p-∂ kzo-Im-cy-X-bpw a-\p-jy¿-°n-S-bnA-k-a-Xz-ß-sf kr-„n-°p-∂p. cm-Pyw `-cn-°p∂ cm-{„o-b ]m¿-´n ]m¿-iz-h-Xv-Ir-X-cp-sS Pohn-X-Øn-\p ta¬ Im-Wn-°p-∂ A-Xn-{I-a-hpw ta¬-t°m-bv-a-bpw th-Z-\-bp-≠m-°p-∂-Xpw `-bs∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xp-am-Wv. k-aq-l-Øn¬ kr-„n-°p∂ C-Ø-cw hn-th-N-\-ß-fm-Wv Xn-∑-I-fp-tS-bpw {Iq-c-X-bp-tS-bpw D-d-hn-Sw. am-‰w B-{K-ln-°p∂-h¿ Xo¿-®-bm-bpw C-S-s]-tS-≠-Xv A-hn-sSbm-Wv. F-√m \o-Xn-°pw A-Sn-ÿm-\w enw-Kk-a-Xz-am-sW-∂v \mw Xn-cn-®-dn-b-Ww. A-Xn\m¬ Xp-S-°w Ip-Spw-_-Øn-\-I-Øp-\n-∂p Xs∂-bm-I-s´.

A-\ym-bh - n-[n hn-\o-X A-\n¬-

I-

gp-I-∑m¿ h-´-an-´p ]-d-∂v ]n-®n-®o-¥p-tºmƒ A-h-cm¿-Øp I-c-™p \m-am-cpw tI-´n-√...!

A-√... tI-´-Xm-bv `m-hn-®n-√ Im-c-Ww A-h¿ ]m¿-iz-h¬-°-cn-°-s∏-´-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p A-h¿-°v ]-W-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p cm-jv-{So-b kzm-[o-\-ß-fpw! sIm-e-°-b-dn-\p-≈n¬ I-gp-Øv ap-dp-In-b-t∏mƒ A-h¿-°v I-c-bm-\m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂n-√ A-Xn-\p ap-tº A-h-cp-sS lr-Z-b-Xm-fw \n-e-®n-cp-∂-t√m! km-£n-sam-gn-Iƒ ]-e-Xm-bv Nn-X-dn-b-t∏mƒ tIm-S-Xn hn-[n-bpw Iq-´p h-∂n-√....!

I-Æo-scm-gp-°n hn-[n-sb ]-gn-®v Po-hn-X-ap-cp-In-Øo¿-°p-∂ A-Ω-am-cn-Xp t]m-se-sb-{X! am-tem-I¿ hm-gv-Øn-∏m-Sn-b a-e-bm-f cm-Py-ta C-Ø-cw A-\ym-b-hn-[n-Iƒ-°p ap-∂n\o tXm-‰p-t]m-hp-I-bm-W-t√m!

A¥¿[m-c

25

Im-º-bn≥: \oXnt_m[ap≈htc AWntNcpI -

tI-c-f-∏n-d-hn Zn-\-Øne-£w {]-Xn-tj-[ Pzm-e kv-{Xo-Iƒ-s°-Xn-sc-bp-≈ ssew-KnIm-Xn-{I-a-߃-°pw Z-fn-Xv˛B-Zn-hm-kn-˛ap…nw - ssew-Kn-I \yq-\-]-£ hn-`m-K-߃s°-Xn-sc \-S-°p-∂ ]o-U-\-߃-°p-sa-Xnsc tI- c - f - Ø n- s ‚ a- \ x- k m- £ n- b p- W ¿Øm≥ e-£w {]-Xn-tj-[ Pzm-e-sbm-cp-°p∂p. tI-c-f-∏n-d-hn Zn-\-am-b \-h-º¿ H-∂n\v ssh-Io-´v 6 a-Wn-°v sX-cp-hn-tem ho-´ntem F-hn-sS-bm-bn-cp-∂m-epw A-hn-sS H-cp Xo-∏-¥-tam sa-gp-Ip-Xn-cn-tbm I-Øn-®v sFXn-lm-kn-I-am-b Cu sN-dp-Øp \n¬-∏n]-¶m-fn-I-fm-hp-I. Cu {]-Xn-tj-[ Pzm-ebp-sS Nq-Sv A-[n-Im-cn-I-fn-te-°v F-Øn°m≥ k-l-I-cn-°-W-sa-∂v A-`y¿-Yn-°p∂p. \n-߃ C-¥y-bp-sS G-Xp tIm-Wnem-bn-cp-∂m-epw A-hn-sS \n-∂v Cu t]mcm-´-Øn¬ ]-¶m-fn-I-fm-hm≥ ss[-cy-s∏-Sp-I. tI-c-fo-b k-aq-l-Øn-se hy-Xy-kv-X ta-J-e-I-fn¬ {]-h¿Øn-°p-∂ kv-{Xo-I-fp-sS ap≥-I-øn¬ ]n-d-hn-sb-Sp-Ø Cu Iq-´mbv-a-bn¬ B-flm-`n-am-\-hpw P-\m-[n-]-Xy t_m-[-hp-ap-≈ F-√m hy-‡n-Iƒ-°pw kw-L-S-\-Iƒ-°pw sF-Iy-Zm¿-Vy-hp-am-bn I-S∂p h-cm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Pm-Xn-bp-tS-bpw hw-io-b-X-bp-tS-bpw a-XØn-t‚-bpw t]-cn-ep-≈ A-{I-a-ß-fpw kv-{Xo-I-tfm-Spw Ip-´n-Itfm-Sp-ap-≈ Im-am¿-Ø-am-b {Iq-c-X-I-fpw A-c-ßp X-I¿-°ptºmƒ, X-S-bm-\pw, C-c-I-sf kw-c-£n-°m-\pw _m-≤y-X-bp-≈ `-c-W-Iq-S-߃ Ip-‰-hm-fn-Iƒ-°p Iq-´p-\n¬-°p-∂p. ]n-©p Ip-´nIƒ ap-X¬ hr-≤-I-fp-sS h-sc i-co-cw ]n-®n-®o-¥p-∂-Xpw ]-Xnhm-bn-´p-≠v. l-Yv-dm-kn-epw, D-∂m-hn-epw, hm-f-bm-dn-epw, ]m-e-Ømbn-bn-epw am-{X-a-√ tIm-hn-Uv tcm-Kn-I-sf sIm-≠p t]m-Ip-∂ Bw-_p-e≥-kn¬ \n-∂p t]m-epw s]-Æv A-{I-an-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp \mw I-≠p.

C-\n-bpw C-Xv A-\p-h-Zn-°m-\m-hn-√. `-c-W-Iq-S-Øn-s‚ HuZm-cy-a-√ a-\p-jym-h-Im-i-߃. C-hn-sS ]n-d-∂p ho-W a-\p-jycp-sS ap-gp-h≥ A-h-Im-i-am-Wv. A-¥-t m-sS B-flm-`n-am-\-tØmsS \n¿-`-b-cpw kz-X-{¥-cp-am-bn Po-hn-°m-\p-≈ A-h-Im-i t]mcm-´-Øn-\m-Wv \-h-º¿ H-∂v km-£yw h-ln-°p-∂-Xv. h-cq \-ap°v H-cp-an-®v A-Wn-tN-cmw. A-∂v k-‘y-bv-°v B-dp a-Wn-°v Xo∏-¥-ß-tf-¥n \o-Xn-°m-bv D-d-s°-bp-d-s° i-–n-°mw. \m-sam‰-bv-°-√ Iq-sS \o-Xn-t_m-[-ap-≈ kw-kv-Im-c-ap-≈ F-√m-h-cp-ap≠v. Pm-Xn - a-X - enw-K I-£n-cm-{„o-b t`-Z-sa-t\y, A-Sn-a-I-fmhm≥ X-øm-dm-hm-Ø, ap-gp-h≥ a-e-bm-fn-I-fp-ap-≠v. h-cn-I \o-Xn°p-th-≠n-bp-≈ Pzm-e-bn-se Xo-s∏m-cn-I-fm-hp-I. e-£w {]-Xn-tj-[ Pzm-e kw-Lm-S-I k-an-Xn-°p th-≠n I¨-ho-\¿ (_¬-°o-kv _m-\p/ 9746407152)

26

A¥¿[m-c

hn.-Fw.-am¿-k≥ P-Ãn-kv t^m¿ hm-fb - m¿ In-Uvk - v t^m-dw

C-t∏m-fs- √-¶n¬ ]n-s∂ Ft∏m-fm-Wv \n-߃ \o-Xn-bpsS ]-£-Øv \n¬-°p-I? C-\n-bpw \-Ωp-sS Ip-™p߃ \-cm-[a- c- m¬ ]n-®n-®o¥-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°m≥, `-c-WØn-s‚ X-W-en¬ Ip-‰-hmfn-Iƒ c-£-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv Bh¿-Øn-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥, C∂v \-Ωƒ \o-Xn tX-Sp-∂ hmf-bm¿ s]¨-Ip-´n-I-fp-sS Ip-Spw-_t- Øm-sSm-∏w \n¬°-Ww. k-a-c-Øn-s‚ \mƒ-h-gn-Iƒ 2017 P-\p-h-cn 13 \pw am¿®v 4 \p-an-S-bn¬ 52 Zn-h-kß-fp-sS C-S-th-f-I-fn-em-bmWv hm-f-bm-dn-se Z-cn-{Z-˛-Z-enXv Ip- S pw- _ - Ø n- s e c- ≠ v s]¨-Ip-™p-߃ {Iq-c-ambn ]o-U-\-Øn-\n-c-bm-hp-Ibpw Xp-S¿-∂v sIm-√-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sN-øp-∂-Xv. kw-`-hw \-S-∂ D-S-s\ Xs∂ ÿ-ew Fw.-F¬.-Fbpw ap≥ ap-Jy-a-{¥n-bp-am-b hn.-F-kv.-A-®yp-Xm-\-μ≥ amXm-]n-Xm-°-sf k-μ¿-in-®v {]-Xn-I-sf F-{X-bpw s]-s´∂v ]n-Sn-Iq-Sn X-° in-£ \¬-Ip-sa-∂v A-h¿-°v D-d-∏v sIm-Sp-Øp. 2017 am¿-®v 28 \v ap-Jy-a-{¥n ]n-W-dm-bn hnP-b≥ \n-b-a-k-`-bn¬ C-Xv B-h¿-Øn-®p. F-∂m¬ X߃ h-©n-°-s∏-Sp-I-bm-bncp-∂p F-∂v B km-[p-°ƒ Xn-cn-®d - n-bp-∂X - v 2019 H-Itv- Sm_¿ 25\v tIm-S-Xn hn-[n-bneq-sS {]-Xn-Iƒ kz-X-{¥-cm°-s∏-´-t∏m-gm-Wv. Xp-S¿-∂v ]p-∂-e {io-Ip-

Im-º-bn≥

hm-f-bm-dn-se A-Ω-tbm-sSm-∏w \n¬-°q... am-dn-t\m-sSm-∏w 2019 H-Iv-tSm_¿ 31 \v Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-csØ-Øn ap-Jy-a-{¥n-sb I≠v A-h¿ X-ß-fp-sS k-¶-Sw ]-d-™p. tI-kn¬ ]p-\-c-t\zj-Ww \-S-Øp-sa-∂pw, tI-kv A-´n-a-dn-® ap-gp-h≥ t]m-eo-kv D- t Zym- K - ÿ - t c- b pw tPm- e nbn¬ \n-∂pw ]p-d-Øm-°n Pbn-en-e-S-°p-sa-∂pw ap-Jy-a{¥n A-h¿-°v D-d-∏p \¬-In. B hm-°v hn-iz-kn-®v A-h¿ a-S-ßn.

C-Xn-\n-S-bn¬ tI-kv A-´na-dn-°-s∏-´-Xn¬ t]m-eo-kv DtZym-K-ÿ-cp-sS ]-¶n-s\-°p-dn®v A-t\z-jn-°m≥ k¿-°m¿ P-Ãn-kv l-\o-^ I-Ωo-j-s\ Np-a-X-e-s∏-Sp-Øn. I-Ωo-j-\v ap-ºm-sI sam-gn \¬-Im≥ F-

Øn-b-t∏mƒ tI-k-t\z-j-Ww A-´n-a-dn-® D-tZym-K-ÿ¿ F-{X D-∂-X-cm-bm-epw A-h¿-s°-Xnsc \-S-]-Sn D-≠m-Ip-sa-∂v IΩo-j-\pw A-h¿-°v D-d-∏v \¬In. F-∂m¬ {]m-Y-an-I A-t\zj-Ww \-S-Øn-b F-kv.sF Nm-t°m ap-X¬ Xm-tgm-´p-≈-hsc am-{Xw ]-cm-a¿-in-®v dn-t∏m¿´v \¬-Ip-I h-gn-bpw, ta-ep-tZymK-ÿ-\m-b tkm-P-s\]-‰n ]cm-a¿-in-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I h-gn-bpw I-Ωo-j-\pw B km-[p-°-sf h-©n-®p.

2020 sa-bv A-h-km-\w tIkv A-t\z-j-W-Øn-\v t\-XrXzw \¬- I n- b Un.- s sh.- F kv.]n tkm-P-\v F-kv.]n Bbn {]-tam-j≥ \¬-In-b hn-hcw A-dn-™-t∏m-gm-Wv ap-Jya-{¥n X-ß-sf ho-≠pw h-©n°p- I - b m- s W- ∂ v A- h ¿- ° v t_m-≤y-s∏-´-Xv. ap-Jy-a-{¥nbm¬ h-©n-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw hniz-kn-® kw-L-S-\ N-Xn-°p-Ibpw sN-bvX - - km-lN - c - y-Øn-emWv P-Ãn-kv t^m¿ hm-f-bm¿ In-Uk v- v t^m-dw k-ac - w ap-t∂m´p-sIm-≠p-t]m-b-Xv. 2020 Pq¨ 23 \v tkm-P-s‚ {]-tam-j≥ d-±v sN-ø-Ww F∂m-hi - y-s∏-´v am-Xm-]n-Xm-°ƒ ssl- t °m- S - X n- b n¬ l¿- P n \¬-In. 24 \v \-S-Øn-b ]-{Xk- t Ω- f - \ - Ø n¬ X- ß ƒ- ° v t\-cn-´ sIm-Sn-b h-©-\-bp-sS I-Y A-h¿ tem-I-tØm-Sv hnfn-®p ]-d-™p.

A-h¿ k-Xy-߃ a-\- nem-°n F-∂v Xn-cn-®d - n-™ k¿°m¿ A-∂p ap-X¬ X-ß-fpsS kw-hn-[m-\-ß-sf D-]-tbmK-s∏-Sp-Øn A-h-sc D-]-{Z-hn°m≥ Xp-S-ßn. 2017 ¬ ]m-e°m-Sv kn.-U-ªp.kn X-c-s∏-SpØn-b tlm-Ã-en¬ h-®v c-≠v X-h-W A-]m-b {i-a-Øn-\v hnt[-b-\m-b A-h-cp-sS G-I aI-s\ B-Wv C-Ø-h-W A-[nIm-cn-Iƒ D-∂w h-®-Xv. Cu tIm-hn-Uv Im-e-Øv tlm-Ã-epIƒ F- √ mw A- S - ® n- ´ n- c n- ° ptºmƒ B a-I-s\ tlm-Ãen¬ B-°-Ww F-∂m-h-iys∏-´v t]m-eo-kv k-∂m-lw ho´n-se-Øn. Ip-Spw-_-Øns‚- A`y¿-∞-\ am-\n-®v t^m-dw Ah-s‚ kw-c-£-W Np-a-X-e Gs‰-Sp-Øp.

Xp-S¿-∂v sIm-√-s∏-´ aq-Ø Ip-´n-bp-sS P-∑-Zn-\-am-b sk-]vXw-_¿ 13 \v F-d-Wm-Ip-f-Øv G-I-Zn-\ k-Xym-{K-lw \-S-ØpI h-gn X-߃ Xp-d-∂-k-a-cØn-\v C-d-ßp-I-bm-sW-∂v amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ {]-Jym-]n-®p. ]n∂o-Sv tI-c-f-sØ ]n-Sn-®p-e-®psIm-≠v A-h¿ sk-{I-´-dn-tb‰n-\v ap-∂n¬ H-Iv-tSm-_¿ 9 \v G-I-Zn-\ k-Xym-{K-l-hpw \-SØn. \o-Xn In-´n-bn-s√-¶n¬ sXcp-hn¬ a-cn-°pw F-∂ {]-Jym]-\h - p-am-bn Xp-S¿ k-ac - Ø - n-\nd-ßp-∂ B am-Xm-]n-Xm-°t- fmSv sF-Iy-s∏-tS-≠-Xv P-\m-[n]-Xy hn-izm-kn-I-fm-b \-Ωƒ Hm-tcm-cp-Ø-cp-tS-bpw I-S-a-bmWv. A-s√-¶n¬ \m-sf-I-fn\-Ωp-sS ho-Sp-If - n-epw hm-fb - m¿ B-h¿-Øn-°pw. A-Xp-sIm-≠v \-ap-°v hm-f-bm¿ am-Xm-]n-Xm°-fp-sS k-a-c-tØm-Sv sF-Iys∏-Smw. au-\-am-Wv G-‰-hpw hen-b Ip-‰w F-∂v \o-Xn-t_m[-ap-≈ P-\m-[n-]-Xy hn-izm-knI-fm-b ap-gp-h≥ t]-tcm-Spw R߃ Hm¿-Ωn-∏n-°p-∂p.

hm-f-bm¿ Ip-‰-hm-fn-I-sf c-£n-°p-∂ `-c-W-Iq-Sw \m-Sn-∂-]-am-\w A¥¿[m-c

27

Pm-Xn-tI-c-fw tUm. -{]-tam-Zv, I-Sp-I-´n-

A

-[n-Im-c -tI-{μ-ß-fn¬ Ccn-°p-∂ k-h¿-Æ i-co-c-߃ Im-em-˛-Im-e-ß-fm-bn Pm-Xn, aX, h¿-Æ, enw-K- ]-c-am-b hnth-N-\ Sq-fp-Iƒ Io-gm-f i-coc-ß-sf kn-Ã-am-‰n-Iv B-bn ]pd-Øp \n¿-Øm≥ th-≠n D-]tbm-Kn-®p sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bmWv. A-ß-s\ `q-an Dƒ-s∏-sSbp-≈ A-[n-Im-c-]-c-am-b hyh-lm-c-ß-fn¬, D-∂-X ]-Z-hnI-fn¬, hn-Zym-`ym-k, I-em-˛k - mln-Xy kmw-kv-Im-cn-I ta-J-eI-fn¬ \n-s∂-√mw A-h¿ _ln-jv° - c - n-°s - ∏-Sp-∂p. ""F-s‚ P-∑-am-Wv F-\n-°v ]-‰n-b G‰-hpw h-en-b A-]-I-Sw'' F-∂v tcm-ln-Øv sh-ap-e-sb-s°m≠v ]-d-bn-∏n-®-Xn-\pw, ^-Ãv s_¬ A-Sn-®p t]m-Ip-∂ Cu _- n¬ X-\n-°v ÿm-\-an-√ F-∂v tZ-hn-I-sb-∂ hn-Zym¿∞n-\n-°v tXm-∂n-∏n-®-Xn-\pw Pm-Xn-bn¬ A-[n-jvTn-X-am-b ]p-dw-X-≈-en-\v ]-¶p-≠v. I-jvS-XI - ƒ-°pw A-]a - m-\ß - ƒ-°pan-S-bn-epw an-I-® {]-I-S-\w Imgv-N sh-°p-∂ Io-gm-f i-co-c߃ B-fl-l-Xy-bn¬ A-hkm-\n-°p-∂p F-∂p-≈-Xv F{X-am-{Xw _-ln-jv-°-cn-°-s∏Sp-∂ H-cp kmw-kv-Im-cn-I C-Sam-Wv \n-eh - n-ep-≈X - v F-∂v Xpd-∂p Im-Wn-°p-∂p. \o-≠pt]m- I p- ∂ B en- à n¬ Ct∏mƒ tUm.-B¿.-F¬.hn cma-Ir-jv-W-s‚ B-fl-l-Xy-{iaw A-h-km-\-tØ-Xm-bn h-∂p \n¬-°p-∂p-sh-∂p am-{Xw. D-Ø¿-{]-tZ-in-se l-{Xmkv ]o-U-\-hpw, A-tX-Øp-S¿∂p-≠m-b cm-Py-hym-]-I-am-b {]-Xn-tj-[-ß-fpw, Pm-Xn-bp-sS N¿-®-I-fpw \-S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn°p-∂ k-a-bw X-s∂-bm-Wv tI-c-f-Øn¬ Z-fn-X-\m-b H-cp I-em-Im-c≥ Pm-Xn-]-c-am-b hnth-N-\w aq-ew B-fl-l-Xy-°v

28

A¥¿[m-c

PmXnsb Hfn®p ISØp∂ {]_p≤tIcfw \¿-ØI - \ - pw \-S\ - p-am-b tUm.-B¿.-F¬.-hn.-cm-aI - r-jvW≥ Xm≥ t\-cn-´ Pm-Xn hn-th-N-\-Øn¬ a-\w s\m¥v B-fl-l-Xy-°v {i-an-°p-∂-Xn-s\ tI-h-e-sam-cp am\-kn-I B-tcm-Ky-{]-iv-\-am-tbm, A-]-I¿-j-Xm-t_m-[Øn-s‚ Im-cy-am-tbm hm-bn-s®-Sp-°m≥ I-gn-bp-Ib - n-√.

{i-an-°p-∂-Xv. Pm-Xo-b-am-b Ak-aX - z-ßs - f Nq-≠n-°m-Wn-°ptºmƒ D- Ø - t c- ¥ y≥ kwÿm-\-ß-fn-te-°v kw-hm-Z-aWv-U-ew ]-dn-®p \-Sm≥ sh-ºp∂ km-£-c tI-c-fw C-t∏m-gpw C-hn-sS \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂ B-[p\n-I co-Xn-bn-ep-≈ Pm-Xn-bp-sS {]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-sf ]-‰n au-\Øn-em-Wv. B-fl-l-Xy-bn-te°v \-bn-°p-∂ km-aq-ln-Im-hÿ-sb A-h¿ t_m-[-]q¿-Δw a-d-°p-I-bpw, am-\-kn-Im-tcmKy -{]-iv-\-am-bpw, A-]-I¿-j-

Xm- t_m-[-hp-am-bpw Iq-´n-s°´n c-£-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv ]-Xn-hv. k-aq-l-Øn-se A-k-a-Xzw Ak-¥p-en-X-am-b aq-e-[-\ hn-Xc-W-Øn-s‚ ^-e-am-sW-∂pw Io-gm-f-sc kw-_-‘n-®v hn-hn[ aq-e-[-\w B¿-÷n-°m≥ XS- -am-bn \n¬-°p-∂-Xv C-hnsS \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂ Pm-Xn-hy-hÿ B-sW-∂pw {]-_p-≤-sc∂v A-h-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂ Cu P\-X-bv-°v a-\- n-em-Im-Ø-Xn\m¬ A-√, a-dn-®v Pm-Xn-bp-sS tNm-Zy-ß-fn¬ \n-∂v H-fn-t®m-

Sp-I-bm-Wv ]-Xn-hv. Pm-Xn-sb°p-dn-®v H-cp Xp-d-∂ kw-hm-Zw C-∂pw km-[y-am-Im-Ø I-]-Sam-b H-cn-Sw am-{X-am-Wv \-thm∞m-\ tI-c-fw. \¿-Ø-I-\pw \-S-\p-am-b tUm.-B¿.-F¬.-hn.-cm-a-Ir-jvW≥ Xm≥ t\-cn-´ Pm-Xn hnth-N\ - Ø - n¬ a-\w s\m-¥v Bfl-l-Xy-°v {i-an-°p-∂-Xn-s\ tI-h-e-sam-cp am-\-kn-I Btcm-Ky-{]-iv-\-am-tbm, A-]-I¿j-Xm-t_m-[-Øn-s‚ Im-cy-amtbm hm-bn-s®-Sp-°m≥ I-gn-bpI-bn-√. kw-Ko-X-\m-S-I A-°mZ-an-bn¬ Hm¨-sse≥ \r-Ø]- c n- ] m- S n A- h - X - c n- ∏ n- ° m≥ sk-{I-´-dn cm-[m-Ir-jv-W≥ \mb¿ X-\n-°v A-h-k-cw \n-tj[n-®-Xv Pm-Xn-˛-enw-K-]-c-am-b Im-c-W-ß-fm¬ B-sW-∂v Nq≠n-°m-´n cm-a-Ir-jv-W≥ hn-a¿i-\-hp-am-bn cw-K-sØ-Øn-b-Xv Ip-d-®p Zn-h-k-߃-°v ap-ºmWv F-∂-Xv Cu hn-j-b-Øns‚ Ku-c-hw Iq-´p-∂p. \o-Xn tX-Sn sN-√p-∂ C-S-ß-fn-se√mw ]m¿-iz-h¬-Ir-X k-aq-lØn-\v t\-cn-tS-≠n h-cp-∂X - v cm[m-Ir-jv-W≥ \m-b-sc-t∏m-sebp-≈ k-h¿-Æ ta-em-f-∑m-scbm-Wv. Pm-Xn A-[n-Im-c _-‘߃ h-gn t{i-jvT-]-Z-hn-I-fnI-b-dn-bn-cn-°p-∂ k-h¿-W-cpsS H-cp {]-Xn-\n-[n am-{X-am-Wv A-t±-lw. kmw-kv-Im-cn-I aq-e[-\w X-ß-fp-tS-Xv am-{X-am-sW∂v I-cp-Xp-∂ C-Ø-cw _nw-_ß-sf a-dn-I-S-∂p th-Ww ]m¿iz-h¬-Ir-X k-aq-l-Øn-\v apt∂-dm≥. D-∂-X -hn-Zym-`ym-kcw-K-sØ sa-dn-‰v A-f-°p-∂ sk-e-Iv-j≥ I-Ωn-‰n-I-fpw C°m-cy-Øn¬ H-´pw hy-Xy-kv-Xc-√. K-th-j-W-Øn-s‚ B-ZyL-´Ø - n¬ ssK-Un-s\ Xo-cp-am\n-°p-∂X - p-am-bn _-‘s - ∏-´v Hcp kp-lr-Øn-\v D-≠m-b A\p-`-hw Hm¿-Øp t]m-Ip-∂p. aq∂v t]¿ sN-∂-t∏mƒ t\-cn-´ G-I tNm-Zyw ""\n-߃ H-s°

G-Xv Im-‰-K-dn B-Wv?'' F-∂mWv. c-≠v F-kv.kn bpw H-cp P-\-d-ep-a-S-ßp-∂ Iq-´-Øn\n-∂pw ""\n-s∂ Rm≥ F-Sp-°p∂p'' F-∂v P-\-d-en-s\ Nq-≠n∏-d-bm≥ H-cp \n-an-jw t]m-epw A-t±-l-Øn-\v B-tem-Nn-t°≠n h-∂n-√. Pm-Xn F-∂ aq-e[-\-Øn-\v A-°m-Z-an-I kv-t]kn¬ In-´p-∂ {]n-hn-te-Pn-s\∏-‰n ]-d-bm≥ C-Xp-t]m-se Hcp-]m-Sv I-Y-Iƒ Hm-tcm Z-fn-Xv-˛B-Zn-hm-kn Po-hn-X-߃-°pw D-≠m-hpw.

Hm-tcm \n-an-j-hpw X-ßfp-sS sa-dn-‰v sX-fn-bn-®p-sImt≠ C-cn-t°-≠n h-cp-∂-Xm-Wv Io-gm-f Po-hn-X-ß-fp-sS H-cp K-

Pm-Xo-ba- m-b A-ka- X - z-ßsf Nq- ≠ n- ° m- W n- ° ptºmƒ D-Ø-tc-¥y≥ kwÿm-\ß - f- n-te-°v kw-hmZ-a-Wv-U-ew ]-dn-®p \-Sm≥ sh-ºp-∂ km-£-c tI-cfw C-t∏m-gpw C-hn-sS \ne-\n¬-°p-∂ B-[p-\n-I co-Xn-bn-ep-≈ Pm-Xn-bp-sS {]-h¿-Ø\ - ß - s- f ]-‰n au\-Øn-em-W.v

Xn-tI-Sv. hy-Xy-kv-X aq-e-[-\ß-fp-am-bn _-‘-s∏-´-Xm-Wv A-Xv. Pm-Xn hy-h-ÿ-bn¬ ]n∂m-°-hn-`m-K-߃-°v D-≈-Xv ]-cº - c - m-KX - sXm-gn-ep-am-bn _‘-s∏-´ aq-e-[-\-am-Wv. A-Xv km-aq-ln-I ]-Z-hn-Iƒ B¿÷n-°m≥ A-]-cym-]v-X-am-Wv. aq-e[ - \ - Zm-cn-{Zyw A-\p-`h - n-°ptºm-gpw ]-cn-an-X-am-b km-lN-cy-ß-fn¬ cm-a-Ir-jv-W-s\ t]m-se-bp-≈ I-em-Im-c-∑m¿ F-√m {]-Xn-k-‘n-I-fpw A-htl- f - \ - ß - f pw A- X n- P o- h n- ® v B¿-÷n-s®-Sp-°p-∂ kmw-kvIm-cn-I C-S-ß-fn¬ \n-∂p-t]mepw Pm-Xn A-[n-Im-cw B ico-c-߃-°v A-bn-Øw I¬-∏n-

°p-I-bm-Wv. Po-hn-Xw X-s∂ I-e-bv-°v th-≠n k-a¿-∏n-® Hcp I-em-Im-c-\m-Wv C-hn-sS PmXn-˛-enw-K-]-c-am-b hn-th-N-\߃ t\-cn-tS-≠n h-cp-∂-Xv. tam-ln-\n-bm-´-Øn¬ Un-tπm-a, t]m-Ãv Un-tπm-a, Fw.-F, Fw.^n¬, bp.-Pn.-kn s\-‰v, tUmIv-S-td-‰v, \o-≠ h¿-j-sØ A[ym-]-\ ]-cn-N-bw F-∂n-h-bp≈ cm-a-Ir-jv-W≥ Zq-c-Z¿-i≥ tI-{μ-Øn-s‚ H-cp B¿-´n-Ãv Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. ""Iq-sS-bp-≠v F-∂v I-cp-Xn-b-h¿ Iq-dp-am-dn, ]p.I.k bn-se-bpw ]n.-sI-F-kv te-bpw Aw-K-hpw, C-S-Xp-]-£ k- l - b m- { Xn- I - \ pw B- W v Rm≥'' F-∂v sa-dn-‰v D-≠m-bn-

A¥¿[m-c

29

´pw cm-a-Ir-jv-W-\v ]-d-tb-≠n h-cp-∂-Xv Pm-Xn A-[n-Im-c-_‘-ß-fp-sS aq-e-[-\ A-`m-hØm-em-Wv. X-s‚ Pm-Xn-bm-Wv X-s‚ Ip-d-hv F-∂v H-cp I-em-Im-c≥ Xn-cn-®-dn-tb-≠n h-cp-∂-Xv Gsd th-Z-\m-P-\-I-am-Wv. h¿-jß-fm-bn an-I® - co-Xn-bn¬ t]mIp-∂ A-°m-Z-an B-Wm-b Hcp Z-fn-X≥ \r-Øw sN-bv-Xmhn-a¿-i-\w D-≠m-Ipw F-∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv h-gn k-h¿-Æ i-coc-ß-fp-sS kmw-kv-Im-cn-I aq-e[-\-am-bn I-em- km-ln-Xy taJ-e-I-sf \n-e-\n¿-Øp-∂ coXn C-∂pw Xp-S-cp-∂p F-∂p Xs∂-bm-Wv Im-Wn-°p-∂-Xv. Hcp-]-t£ I-e-bpw I-S-∂v a-ebm-fn "D-S-ep-I-sf' k-h¿-W DS-ep-I-fm-bn \n¿-h-Nn-°p-∂ Xc-Øn¬ A-Xv hym-]n-®n-cn-°p∂p. Pm-Xn-bpw t{i-jvT-hn-Nmc-hpw I-em-˛-km-ln-Xy s]m-Xpa-Wv-U-e-sØ Io-gm-f i-co-cß-sf Dƒ-s°m-≈m-Ø C-S-ambn \n-e-\n¿-Øp-∂-Xv km-£c tI-c-f-Øn-\v B-Zy-sØ A\p-`-h-a-√. Z-fn-Xv \r-Ø A-[ym]n- I - b m- b tl- a - e - X So- ® ¿ sXm-gn-en-S-ß-fn¬ t\-cn-´ PmXn-]o-U-\w tI-c-fw N¿-® sNbv-X-Xm-Wv. hm-kp-tZ-h≥ F-gpXn-b "Xn-an-e-bn-se Pm-Xn-°mew' F-∂ "s]-cn-tßm-´v N-{μs‚' Po-hn-X-I-Y-bn¬ hm-Zy-Iem-Im-c-∑m¿ t£-{X Im-cy-ßfp-am-bn _-‘-s∏-´v t\-cn-Sp-∂ Pm-Xn-hn-th-N-\w hn-i-Zo-I-cn°p-∂p-≠v. I-S-h-√q¿ Xm-an, aS-hm-°-c A-∏p-°p-´≥, Xn-cp-h{X Xm-an, Nq-≠¬ in-h-cm-a≥, Xr-∏q-Wn-Øp-d k-Po-h≥, I√q¿ _m-_p F-∂n-h¿ N-{μs\-t∏m-se hm-Zy-cw-K-Øv PmXn-hn-th-N-\w t\-cn-tS-≠n-h-∂h-cm-Wv. {]-Xy-£-Øn-ep-≈ ss]im-Nn-I Ir-Xy-ßs - f-°mƒ, ]oU-\-ß-tf-°mƒ, B-[p-\n-I co-Xn-bn-em-Wv tI-c-f-Øn-se

30

A¥¿[m-c

Pm-Xn {]-tbm-K-߃. X-߃ t\-Sn-sb-Sp-Ø km-£-c-X D-]tbm-Kn-®v Pm-Xn-sb-bpw ÿm]-\-h¬-°-cn-® C-Sw. P-\-\w, hn-hm-lw, a-c-Ww Xp-S-ßn F√m-Øn-epw C-∂pw Ir-Xy-am-bn Pm-Xn-bn¬ Po-hn-°p-tºm-gpw "Pm-Xn-bn-√m tI-c-fw' F-∂v Iogm-f-sc-s°m-≠p t]m-epw ]-dbn-∏n-°p-∂ co-Xn-bn-em-Wv AXn-s‚ {]-h¿-Ø-\w. \q-X-\ hn-Zy-I-fn-eq-sS A-Zr-iy-am-bn \n¿-Øm≥ I-gn-bp-∂-Xn-\m{]-Xn-tcm-[w t]m-epw Zp-jv-I-cam-Wv. Im-°-sØm-≈m-bn-cw Pm-Xn tIm-f-\n-Iƒ D-≈ H-cnS-Øv, Pm-Xn-bpw {]n-hn-te-Ppw t\m-°n A-Uv-an-j≥ e-`n-°p∂ ÿm- ] - \ - ß ƒ D- ≈ - b n- S Øv, H-cp ]-Sn Iq-Sn I-S-∂v 10% k-h¿-Æ kw-h-c-Ww G¿-s∏Sp-Øm≥ I-cp-X-ep-≈ H-cp tÉv Iq-Sn-bp-≈-bn-S-Øv, {]-Xn-tcm[w am-{X-a-√ kzm-`n-am-\-tØmsS- b p- ≈ Po- h n- X w t]m- e pw Xo¿-Øpw Zp-jv-°-cw.

A-[n-Im-c ]-Z-hn-bn-en-cn°p-∂-h¿-°v X-s‚ tbm-Ky-X C-s√-∂p am-{X-a-√, B ]-Z-hnbn¬ C- c n- ° m≥ F- ¥ m- W v tbm-Ky-X F-∂v tNm-Zyw sNtø-≠ C-S-tØ-°v X-s∂-bmWv Io-gm-f-\v A-h-k-c-Øn-\v th-≠n k-ao-]n-t°-≠n h-cp-∂-

Xv. A-Xm-Wv Pm-Xn A-[n-Im-c_-‘-߃ h-gn-bp-≈ t{i-jvT]-Z-hn. B-Zn-hm-kn B-b-XpsIm-≠m-Wv sk-{I-´-dn-tb-‰nse D-tZym-K-ÿ¿ X-\n-°v k¿°m≥ A-\p-h-Zn-® [-\-k-lmbw \n-tj-[n-®X - v F-∂ e-≠≥ kv-Iqƒ Hm-^v C-°-tWm-an-Ivkn¬ A-Uv-an-j≥ t\-Sn-b _n\o-jv _m-e-\v ]-d-tb-≠n h∂-Xv Cu \m-´n¬ X-s∂-bm-Wv. ""Rm≥ a-cn-®m¬ Rm≥-tXm¬°pw, Po-hn-®p sIm-≠v F-\n°v P-bn-°-Ww; F-∂m-e-Xv F{X-am-{Xw _p-≤n-ap-´m-sW-∂pw F-\n-°-dn-bmw'' F-∂v _n-\ojn-s\ t]m-ep-≈h - ¿-°v ]-dt- b≠ A-h-ÿ-bp-s≠-¶n¬, Xß-sf Dƒ-s°m-≈m-Ø, Bfl-l-Xy-bn-te-°v \-bn-°p-∂ C-S-am-Wv C-sX-∂v A-h¿ ]-dbp-tºmƒ, Hm-tcm \n-an-j-hpw ]m¿-iz-h¬-Ir-X k-aq-l-Øns‚ B-flm-`n-am-\-Øn-\v A-[nIm-c sk-eI - vj - ≥ I-Ωn-‰n \¬Ip- ∂ am- \ - k n- I B- L m- X ߃ N¿-® sN-øm-sX, A-Xnse Pm-Xn A-{U- v sN-øm-sX tI-h-ew H-cp hy-‡n-bn¬ tI{μo-Ic - n-®v D-Øc - w tX-Sp-∂ Cu H-fn-t®m-S-ep-Iƒ A-h-km-\n-∏n°m≥ C-\n-sb-¶n-epw ]p-tcmK-a-\ tI-c-fw X-øm-dm-t°-≠Xp-≠v.

kv-a-c-Wm-Rv-P-en

B-Nm-cy \-tc-{μ tZ-h

I-a-em-tZ-hn N-tXm-]m-[ym-b

Hm¿-Ω: Sn.-]o-‰¿ -Pn-tbm tPm-kv (NAPM)

tIm-

hn-Uv a-lm-am-cn-°m-ew H-cp P-\-Io-b k-a-c-t]m-cm-fnsb-°q-Sn X-´n-s°m-≠p-t]m-bncn-°p-∂p. h-f-sc Zp-J-I-c-am-Wv ]o-‰-td-´-s‚ Cu A-Im-e-hntbm-Kw. H-Sp-ßm-Ø I-S-e-eIƒ t]m-se \n-c-¥-cw k-a-cth- e n- t b- ‰ - ß ƒ kr- j v - S n- ® psIm-≠n-cp-∂p A-t±-lw. tI-c-f-Øn-se ]-c-º-cm-KX a-’y-sØm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS "D-W¿-hn≥ k-a-c-t]m-cm-´-߃°v' \m¬-]-Xv h¿-jw Xn-I-bpI-bm-Wv. Cu A-h-k-c-Øn-emWv a-’y-sXm-gn-em-fn {]-t£m`-ß-tfm-sSm-∏w h-f¿-∂v ]-¥en-® Po-hn-Xw A-Im-e-Øns]m-en-™p-t]m-b-Xv. em-‰n-\-ta-cn-°-bn¬ D-Zbw sN-bv-X hn-tam-N-\ ssZ-him-kv-{X-Øn-s‚ A-\p-c-W-\߃ tI-c-f-Øn-epw A-e-b-Sn°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. P-\-ß-fp-sS Po-h¬ {]-iv-\-ß-fn¬ ssZ-hsØ Z¿-in-°m≥ ssh-Zo-I-cpw k- \ y- k v - X - c pw X- ø m- d m- b n.

AtXmsS Xo- c - t a- J - e - b p- s S ]T-\-K-th-j-W-߃-°pw {]m¥-h-Xv-Ir-X k-aq-l-ß-fp-sS D∂-a-\-Øn-\pw ]n.-kn.H sk‚¿ t{]m-{Kmw t^m¿ I-ΩyqWn- ‰ n Hm¿- K - s s\- t k- j ≥, ssU-\m-an-Iv B-Iv-j≥ Xp-Sßn-b Iq-´m-bv-a-Iƒ cq-]o-Ir-Xam-hp-∂p. Xp-S¿-∂p 80˛-I-fp-sS B-Zy-]m-Z-ß-fn¬ a¨-kq¨ Im-e t{Sm-fnw-Kv \n-tcm-[-\-apƒs∏-sS-bp-≈ B-hi - y-߃ D-∂bn-®p-sIm-≠v Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-cØv sF-Xn-lm-kn-I-am-b A-\n›n-X-Im-e \n-cm-lm-c k-a-c߃ \-S-°p-∂p. B-[p-\n-I Im-e-L-´-Øn¬ I-£n cm-jv{So-b-Øn-\-Xo-X-am-bn I-S-ens‚-bpw X-t±-io-b a-’y-sXmgn-em-fn-I-fp-sS-bpw \n-e-\n¬-∏n\m-bn D-b¿-∂p h-∂ B-ZysØ X-t±-io-b {]-t£m-`-ambn-cp-∂p A-Xv. B k-a-cw hnP- b w I- ≠ p. a- ’ y- { ]- P - \ - \

P-\-Io-b k-a-c-ß-fp-sS tXm-g≥ Im- e - a m- b a¨- k q¨ Im- e Øv t{Sm-fnw-Kv \n-tcm-[-\w \ne-hn¬ h-∂p. C-∂pw t{Sm-fnwKv \n-tcm-[-\w ]n≥-h-en-°m≥ am-dn-am-dn h-cp-∂ k¿-°m-cpIƒ ss[-cy-s∏-Sp-∂n-√-sb-∂Xm-Wv B t]m-cm-´-ho-cy-Øns‚ sX-fn-hv. a-g-°m-Sp-Iƒ kwc- £ n- ° p- ∂ - X n- \ m- b n \- S - ∂ ssk- e ‚ v hm- e n {]- t £m- ` Øn-\p ti-jw I-S-en-s‚ Btcm-Ky-I-c-am-b \n-e-\n¬-∏n-\mbn 1980 I-fn¬ tI-c-f kz-X{¥ a-’y-sXm-gn-em-fn s^-Utd-j-s‚ ap≥-ssI-bn¬ ""P-ew c-£n-°q Po-h≥ c-£n-°q'' F- ∂ ap- { Zm- h m- I y- a p- b ¿- Ø n Xo-c-tZ-i-Pm-Y kw-L-Sn-°-s∏´p. Pm-Y-bv-°v t\-sc I-\ym-Ipam-cn-bn¬ sh-®v \-S-∂ t]m-eokv sh-Sn-sh-∏n¬ c-≠v t]¿ sIm-√-s∏-Sp-I-h-sc-bp-≠m-bn. ^m.-tXm-a-kv tIm-t®-cntbm-sSm-∏w tI-cf - Ø - n-se ]m¿iz-h-Xv-Ir-X-cm-b a-’y-sØmgn-em-fn-I-sf kw-L-Sn-∏n-®v tI-

c-f kz-X-{¥-a-’y-sØm-gn-emfn s^-U-td-j≥ cq-]o-I-cn-°p∂-Xn-epw sI-´n-∏-Sp-°p-∂-Xnepw ]o-‰-td-´≥ \n¿-Æm-b-I ]¶v h-ln-®p. Xp-S¿-∂v tZ-io-b X- e - Ø n¬ tZ- i o- b a- ’ ysØm-gn-em-fn t^m-d-hpw A¥m-cm-jv-{S-X-e-Øn-epw a-’ysØm-gn-em-fn-If - p-sS kw-LS- \ - Iƒ \n-e-hn¬ h-∂p. a-cn-°ptºmƒ A- t ±- l w tZ- i o- b t^m-d-Øn-s‚ P-\.-sk-{I-´-dnbm-bn-cp-∂p. a-’y-ta-J-e-bp-sS {]-iv\-ß-fn¬ am-{X-a-√ F-√m P\-Io-b k-a-c-ß-fn-epw k-Poh-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂-Xm-Wv ]o-‰td-´-s\ hy-Xy-kv-X-am-°p-∂-Xv. Im-Sn-s‚ \m-iw I-S-en-s\-bpw _m-[n-°p-sa-∂v Xn-cn-®-dn-bm≥ A-t±-l-Øn-\v I-gn-™n-cp-∂p. ]p-g-bn-eq-sS H-gp-In-h-cp-∂ Pe-am-Wv, F-°-em-Wv Xo-c-ta-Je-bp-sS B-tcm-Kyw, A-Xn-\m]p-g-Iƒ H-gp-I-Ww, H-gp-°mWv ]p-g-bp-sS Po-h≥. Cu-sbm-

A¥¿[m-c

31

Hm¿-Ω: cmw-hn-em-kv ]m-kzm≥ cp t_m-[y-Øn-em-Wv A-t±-lw ]q-bw-Ip-´n k-a-c-apƒ-s∏-sS-bp≈ ]p-g-˛-h-\w- kw-c-£-W ka-c-ß-fn¬ `m-K-`m-°m-b-Xv. hn-hn-[ P-\-Io-b k-a-cß-fp-sS Iq-´m-bv-a-bm-b P-\-Iob {]-ÿm-\-ß-fp-sS tZ-io-b k-Jy-Øn-s‚ (N-A-P-M) BZy-Im-ew ap-X-ep-≈ I¨-ho\¿ Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cp-∂p ]o-‰-td´≥. Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-c-Øv G-Xv k-a-cw kw-L-Sn-∏n-°m-\pw F√m-h-cpw B-Zyw _-‘-s∏-Sp-∂ t]-cv ]o-‰-td-´-t‚-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. πm-®n-a-S-k-a-cw, F≥-tUm-kƒ^m≥ ]o- U n- X - c p- s S k- a - c ߃, Iq-Sw-Ip-fw k-a-cw Xp-Sßn G-Xp k-a-c-Øn-epw A-t±l-Øn-s‚ km-∂n-[y-hpw ]n¥p-W-bpw k-a-c-{]-h¿-Ø-I¿°v h-en-b B-fl-hn-izm-k-hpw B-th-i-hp-am-Wv \¬-In-bn-cp∂-Xv. t]m-Ãs - dm-´n-°p-∂X - p apX¬ ]-{X-{]-kv-Xm-h-\ sIm-Sp°p-∂-Xp-h-sc A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ kv-Iq-´-dn-\v hn-{i-a-an-√m-bn-cp∂p. Du-Wpw D-d-°-hp-an-√m-sX kp-\m-an ]p-\-c-[n-hm-kw apX¬ 2018 se {]-f-b-Øn¬ hsc c-£-{]-h¿-Ø-\w \-S-Ønb a-’y-sØm-gn-em-fn-I-sf ka-tbm-Nn-X-am-bn hn-\y-kn-®-Xph- s c B {]- X n- _ - ≤ - X , \nkzm¿-∞-X \-ap-°v Im-Wm≥ I-gn-bpw. ]o-‰-td-´-\v B-Iv-Sn-hnÃv tI-c-f-Øn-s‚ B-Z-cw.

kv-a-c-Wm-Rv-P-en

kv-an-Xm ]m-´o¬: tkm-jy-en-Ãv B-Œn-hn-Ãv, cm-{„ tk-hm-Zƒ I-em a-©n-s‚ kw-Lm-S-I.

32

A¥¿[m-c

F-\n-°pw B-lm-cw X-∂ ]m-kzm≥ F-®p-an-°p-´n

cmw-hn-em-kv ]m-kzm≥ F∂ tI-{μ-a-{¥n-sb F-\n-°v hy-‡n-]c - a - m-bn H-´pw A-dn-bn√. F-¥n-\m-Wo a-\p-jy≥, 1977 se P-\-Xm ap-t∂-‰-Ime-Øv cm-P-Ip-am-c-s\-t∏m-se sIm-≠m-S-s∏-´, C-¥y-bnA-∂p-h-sc B¿-°pw e-`n-®n´n-√m-Ø `q-cn-]-£-tØm-sS ]m¿- e - s a‚ n- t e- ° v sX- c s™-Sp-°-s∏-´-bmƒ A-[nIm-c-Øn-\v ]n-∂m-se F-∂pw \-S-∂-Xv F-∂-Xv F-\n-°v a\- n-em-bn-cp-∂p-an-√. A-[nIm-c-Øn-\p ]n-∂m-se F-{X Hm-Sn-°n-X-®n-´pw Z-fn-X¿-°mbn cmw-hn-em-kv ]m-kzm-\v kz¥w A-[n-Im-c-ap-]-tbm-Kn-®v sN-øm-\m-hq-∂-sX-√mw sNøm≥ I-gn-™n-√. Zn-√n-bn-se \n-c-Øp-I-fn-eq-sS B tI-{μa-{¥n Im-dn¬ ]m-™p t]mIp-∂X - v Rm≥ ]-et- ∏m-gpw I≠n-´p-≠v. hn.-]n.-knw-Kv {]-[m\-a-{¥n B-bn-cp-∂ Im-e-Øv ]m-kzm≥ te-_¿ an-\n-ÿ B-bn-cp-∂p-h-t√m.

F- s ‚m- ∏ w sU- h - e - ∏ v sa‚ v Bƒ-´¿-t\-‰o-hv-kn-s‚ ssSw F-Iv-kn-_n-j≥ ssk‰n¬ tPm-en sN-bv-Xn-cp-∂ P∏-kv ]m-kzm≥, X-∏-kv ]mkzm≥ F-∂o c-≠v k-tlm-Zc-ß-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. A-h-cm-

Wv ]m-kzm≥ F-∂m¬ Z-fn-Xcm-sW-∂v F-\n-°v ]-d-™p X∂-Xv. kn-hn¬ F-©n-\o-b¿-amcm-b A-K¿-hm-fpw k-Iv-tk-\bpw H-s° ]m-kzm≥ k-tlmZ-c-ß-sf sX-≠n-∏-´n-I-tfm-sS∂-h-Æw B-´n-s°m-≠v H-´pw acym-Z C-√m-sX s]-cp-am-dp-∂-Xv I-≠n-´p-≠v. A-Xn-s‚ Im-c-Ww tX-Sn-b-t∏m-gm-Wv Nn-e D-Ø-tc¥y≥ Z-fn-X-cp-sS t]-cp-Iƒ a\- n-em-b-Xv. ]m-kzm-∑m¿ _olm-dn-epw D-Øc - {- ]-tZ-in-epw C∂-sØ Qm¿-J-Wv-Un-epw BWv Iq- S p- X - e pw Xm- a - k n- ° p∂Xv. F-s‚ ITn-\ Po-hn-X-Ime-am-bn-cp-∂p A-Xv. Rm≥ `£-Ww D-t]-£n-®n-cp-∂ Imew. F-∂n¬ \n-∂v _-e-am-bn ]n-Sn-®-I-‰-s∏-´ F-s‚ Ip-™ns\ am-{Xw [ym-\n-®v Rm≥ Pohn-®n-cp-∂ Im-ew. A-hƒ Xncn-sI F-Øp-∂-Xpw Im-Øv hn\m-gn-I-Iƒ F-Æn-sb-Æn-°p-d®n-cp-∂ Im-ew.

D-Ø-tc-¥y-bn¬ ]n-t∂m°-am-°-s∏-´ Pm-Xn-°m-cpw Z-fnX-cpw ap-…o-ap-I-fpw Xn-I-®pw A-\m-h-iy- P-∑-ß-fm-bn \n-μn°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cm-Wv. A-h-cm-Wv D-b¿-Ø-s∏-´ Pm-Xn-°m-cp-sS k-I-e A-h-k-c-ß-fpw I-f-bp∂-sX-∂pw A-h¿ ]-Wn-sb-Sp°n-s√-∂pw A-h¿-°v _p-≤nbn- s √- ∂ pw {In- a n- \ ¬ Ip- ‰ ߃ C-jv-Sw t]m-se sN-øp-

tkm-jy-en-Ãv ]m¿-´n-bn-eq-sS-bmWv cmw-hn-em-kv ]m-kzm≥ cm{„o-b {]-th-i-\w \-S-Øn-b-Xv. tem-ly-bp-sS \n¿-t±-i{- ]-Im-cw ]m¿-´n t\-Xr-Xz-Øn-epw P-\{- ]Xn-\n-[n k-`-I-fn-epw 60% Z-fnXv - ]n-t∂m-° - B-Zn-hm-kn - \yq\- ] - £ - kv - { Xo {]m- X n- \ n- [ y kw-hc- W - w \-S∏ - m-°n-bn-cp-∂p.

Aßs\bmWv 1969¬ sNdp{]mbØn¬ At±lw _olmdn¬ MLA BbXv. sa-∂pw C-¥y-bp-sS Zm-cn-{ZyØn-\pw hr-Øn-°p-d-hn-\pw P\-s∏-cp-∏Ø - n-\pw D-Øc - h - m-Zn-Ifm-sW-∂pw an-°-hm-dpw D-Øtc-¥y≥ {_m-“-W-cpw £-{Xnb-cpw ssh-iy-cpw ssP-\-cpw B-\ Ip-Øn-bm-epw C-f-Im-Ø t]m-se D-d-®p hn-iz-kn-°p-∂p.

Cu \n-μ-Iƒ ]m-kzm≥-am¿ F∂pw k-ln-®n-cp-∂p. ]-W-ap≠m-hm-dn-√ A-h-cp-sS ]-°¬. ssk-‰n-\p ]p-d-Øv In-´p-∂ ]qcn-tbm Ip¬-®-tbm sdm-´n-tbm H-∂pw hm-ßn-°-gn-°m≥ Ah¿-°v km-[n-°m-dn-√. Z-fn-X-cmb-Xp-sIm-≠v a-‰m-cpw A-h-cp-sS `- £ - W - h n- h - c w Xn- c - ° p- I bpan√. ]- ´ n- W n In- S - ° p- ∂ Fs∂ ]m-kzm≥-am¿ cmw-hn-em-kv ]m-kzm-s‚ a-{¥n a-μn-c-Ønt]m-bn D-®-`-£-Ww I-gn-°phm≥ £-Wn-°pw. A-Xpw DØ-tc-¥y-bn-se Z-fn-X-cp-sS {]tXy-I-X-bm-Wv, A-ß-s\ £Wn-°¬... A-Xp X-´n-am-‰m≥ tXm-∂m-dn-√ F-\n-°v. Pq¨-amk- s Ø s]m- c n- b p- ∂ sh- b nen¬ R-߃ H-∂n-®v \-S-°pw.

P≥-]-Yv tdm-Un-se ]-{¥≠mw \-º¿ ho-´n¬ B¿-°pw sh-dp-sX `-£-Ww In-´p-am-bncp-∂p. Rm-\pw ]m-kzm≥-am-tcmsSm- ∏ w t]m- b n A- h n- S - s Ø Im‚o-\n¬ \n-∂v sdm-´n-bpw Zm-

epw ]-®-ap-f-Ipw k-hm-f No-hnb-Xpw I-gn-®n-´p-≠v. ]n-s∂ Cjv-Sw t]m-se ]-®-sh-≈-hpw Ip-Sn-°pw.

A- h n- s S D- b ¿- Ø - s ∏- ´ Pm-Xn-°m-scm-∂pw h-cn-√. Ah¿-°v tam-i-am-W-t√m. Pm-Xnbn¬ Xm-gv-Ø-s∏-´-h¿, I-dp-Ø \n- d - a p- ≈ - h ¿, Ip- j v T - t cm- K nIƒ, ]n-®° - m¿ A-ßs - \ D-Øtc-¥y-bp-sS B¿-°pw th-≠mØ-h¿ am-{X-ta A-hn-sS D-≠mIq. H-cn-°¬ am-{Xw sh-fp-Ø ]-Xn-\m-bn-cw a-S-°p-≈ Np-fn ho-W sXm-en-bp-am-bn hn-i-∂v {]m-¥v ]n-Sn-® t]m-se tXm-∂n® H-cp A-^vK - m-\n A-Ωq-Ωs - b I-≠n-´p-≠v. C-cp-∂ C-cp-∏nA-h¿ ]-Øp ]-{¥-≠v sdm-´n Xn-∂p. C-Sw-h-ew t\m-°m-sX. B-lm-cw.... F-{X A-aq-eyw.... ]-e¿-°pw F-{X Zp¿-e-`w... cmw-hn-em-kv ]m-kzm-s‚ A-Sp-°f - s - ®-eh - pw sh-≈s - ®-ehpw A-°m-e-Øv tZ-io-b-]-{Xß-fn¬ h-en-b X-am-i-hm¿-ØI-fm-bn-cp-∂p. D-Æm≥ h-I-bn√m-Ø-h≥ a-{¥n B-bm¬ F∂ a-´n¬... Im-c-Ww ]m-kzm≥ F-∂ Z-fn-Xv Pm-Xn-t∏-cm-Wt- √m cmw-hn-em-kn-s‚ H-∏a - p-≈X - v. C¥y-bn¬ Z-fn-X¿-°v A-[n-Imcw {]-[m-\-am-Wv. a-lm Z-fn-X¿°v A-[n-Im-cw A-Xn-{]-[m-\am-Wv. Z-fn-X-cm-bn A-Xn Z-fn-

X-cm-bn Po-hn-®-h¿-°-√m-sX A-Xv a-\- n-em-°m≥ I-gn-bn√. D-b¿-Øs - ∏-´ Pm-Xn-°m¿-°v Ip-d-®p D-Zm-c-X-sbm-s° A-hnsS-bp-an-hn-sS-bpw {]-Z¿-in-∏n°m≥ ]-‰pw. ]-t£ Z-fn-X-sc A-[n-Im-c-Øn¬ A-h-tcm-[n°-W-sa-∂ B-Z¿-i-imTyw Ah¿-°p-≠m-hn-√.

Z-fn-Xv-]-£ cm-jv-{So-b {]Xy-b-im-kv-{Xw t_m-[-]q¿-Δw kzo-I-cn-®n-cp-∂ H-cp cm-jv-{Sob- I-£n-bn-e-√m-bn-cp-s∂-¶nH-cp ]m-kzm≥ C-¥y-bn¬ Hcn-°-epw H-cp Iym-_n-\-‰v a{¥n-bm-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂n-s√-∂v P∏- n-\pw X-∏- n-\pw H-∏w B a-{¥n-a-μn-c-Øn¬ sN-∂v hni-∏-I-‰n-b, _m-°n F-√m-bn-SØpw \n-∂pw A-h-sc B-´ntbm-Sn-°p-∂-Xv \n- -lm-b-bmbn t\m-°n \n-ev-t°-≠n h-∂ F-\n-°v a-\- n-em-°m≥ I-gnbpw. cmw-hn-em-kv i¿-Ω-tbm cmw-hn-em-kv {Xn-]m-Tn-tbm Bbn-cp-∂p B a-{¥n a-μn-cØ - n]m¿-Øn-cp-∂-sX-¶n¬ B A∂- Z m- \ - s Ø- ∏ - ‰ n F- { X ]- d ™m-epw D-Øpw-K-am-b "A-XnYn tZ-thm-`-h' kw-kv-°m-cw ap´n-\v ap-´n-\v F-gp-∂-≈n-°p-∂ `m-c-Xo-b¿-°v a-Xn h-cp-am-bn-cp∂n-√.

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33

kv-{Xo-\o-Xn : hn-π-hw Ip-Spw-_-Øn-\p-≈n¬ \n-∂p Xp-S-ß-Ww.

kv-{Xo-I-sf A-S-®p-]q-´m≥ ]p-cp-j-\v F-¥-h-Im-iw?

-a-lm-flm-Km-‘n-

\n-b-aw h-gn-bpw B-Nm-cw h-gn-bpw kv-{Xo-I-sf A-h-cp-sS Xm¬-]-cy-{]-Im-c-a-√m-sX ]pcp-j-s‚ D-Ø-c-hm-Zn-Xz-Øn¬ am-{Xw A-Sn-®-a¿-Øn-bn-cn-°-bm-Wv. A-lnw-k-bp-sS A-Snÿm-\-Øn¬ cq-]-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂ H-cp Po-hn-X-{I-a-Øn¬ kz-¥w `m-hn \n-›-bn-°p-∂-Xn-\v ]p-cp-j-t\m-sSm-∏w A-h-Im-iw kv-{Xo-°p-ap-≠v. A-lnw-km-fl-I k-aq-l-Øn¬ A-h-Imiw e-`n-°p-∂-Xv ap-ºp-X-s∂ sN-bv-Xp Xo¿-Ø I¿-Ø-hy-Øn¬ \n-∂m-b-Xp-sIm-≠v kmaq-ly {I-a-Øn-\p-≈ \n-b-a-߃ ]-c-kv-]-c k-l-I-c-W-tØmSpw N¿-®-tbm-Spw Iq-Sn cq-]o-I-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. A-Xv H-cn-°epw _m-ly-am-bn A-Sn-t®¬-∏n-°m-hp-∂ H-∂-√. kv-{Xo-I-tfmSp-≈ s]-cp-am-‰-Øn¬ ]p-cp-j≥ H-cn-°-epw Cu k-Xyw AXn-s‚ ]q¿-W-X-bn¬ a-\- n-em-°n-bn-´n-√. kv-{Xo-Iƒ X-ßfp-sS kv-t\-ln-X-cpw k-l-{]-h¿-Ø-I-cp-am-sW-∂p I-W-°m°p-∂-Xn-\p ]-I-cw X-߃ A-h-cp-sS \m-Y-∑m-cpw b-P-am-\∑m-cpw B-Wv F-∂m-Wv ]p-cp-j-∑m¿ I-cp-Xn-t∏m-∂n-´p-≈-Xv. `m-c-X-kv-{Xo-I-sf ssI-]n-Sn-®p-b¿-Øp-∂-Xv X-ß-fp-sS A-`nam-\-am-bn X-s∂ tIm¨-{K- v {]-h¿-Ø-I¿ I-cp-X-Ww. kzX-{¥-cm-Im≥ I-gn-bp-sa-t∂m kz-X-{¥-cm-tI-≠-h-cm-sW-t∂m D-≈ Nn-¥-bn-√m-Ø ]-g-b Im-e-sØ A-Sn-a-I-fp-sS ÿn-Xnbn-em-Wv kv-{Xo-Iƒ. kzm-X-{¥yw In-´n-b-t∏mƒ A-Sn-a X¬°m-e-tØ-°v \n- -lm-b-bm-bn-t∏m-bn. ]p-cp-j-s‚ A-Sn-a-bmWv kv-{Xo-sb-∂m-Wv A-h-sf ]Tn-∏n-®p h-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Ah-fp-sS A-¥- v ]q¿-W-am-bn ho-s≠-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-\pw ]p-cp-j∑m¿-°p Xp-ey¿ F-∂ \n-e-bn¬ A-h-fp-sS ]-¶p \n¿-Δ-ln°p-∂-Xn-\pw A-h-sf {]m-]v-X-bm-°m-\p-≈ Np-a-X-e tIm¨{K- p-Im-cp-tS-Xm-Wv. a-\- v Xo-cp-am-\w F-Sp-Øn-´p-s≠-¶n¬ Cu hn-π-hw h-f-sc kp-K-a-am-Wv. tIm¨-{Kkv {]-h¿-Ø-I¿ kz-¥w Ip-Spw-_-ß-fn¬ C-Xm-cw-`n-°-s´. `m-cy-am¿ ]m-h-I-tfm D-]-t`mK h-kv-Xp-°-tfm A-√ a-dn-®v s]m-Xp-tk-h-\-Øn-\p-≈ _-lp-am-\y-cm-b k-Jm-°-fm-Wv F-∂p I-cp-X-Ww. C-Xn-\p-X-° tbm-Ky-am-b hn-Zym-`ym-kw t\-Sn-bn-´n-√m-Ø-h¿ kz-¥w `¿-Øm-°-∑m-cn¬ \n-∂v I-gn-bp-∂-{X Im-cy-߃ ]Tn-°-Ww. Cu \n¿-t±-iw bp-‡-am-b hy-Xym-k-ß-tfm-sS A-Ω-am¿-°pw s]¨-Ip-´n-Iƒ-°pw Iq-Sn _m-[-I-am-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. C≥-Uy≥ kv-{Xo-I-fp-sS \n- -lm-bm-h-ÿ-sb-∏-‰n G-I-]-£o-b-am-b Nn-{X-am-Wv Rm≥ A-h-X-cn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX-∂v ]-d-tb-≠ B-h-iy-an-√. {Km-a-ß-fn¬ s]m-Xp-th kv{Xo-Iƒ `¿-Øm-°-∑m¿-°p Xp-ey-cpw Nn-e Im-cy-ß-fn-se-¶n-epw A-h-sc `-cn-°p-∂-h-cpam-sW-∂v F-\n-°-dn-bmw. ]-t£ H-cp \n-jv-]-£ \n-co-£I-s\ kw-_-‘n-®n-S-tØm-fw \n-b-a-]-c-am-bpw B-Nm-c-a-\p-k-cn-®pw kv-{Xo-I-fp-sS \n-e C≥-Uy-bn-em-I-am-\w tam-i-amWv. C-Xn¬ au-en-I-am-b am-‰w h-cp-tØ-≠-Xp-am-Wv. (Constructive programme 1945)

34

A¥¿[m-c

bp-hm-°-tf, hn-π-hw \-bn-°m≥ k-∂≤ - c- m-hp-I...

-P-b-{]-Im-iv \m-cm-b-W≥-

"bp-hm-°-tf, [o-c-tc hn-π-hw hm-Xn¬-°-seØn. D-W-cp-hn≥, C-sXm-cp hn-π-h-am-Wv, k-ºq¿Æ hn-π-hw. A-Xn-s‚ am¿-§w k-Xym-{K-l-amWv. k-Xym-{K-l-sa-∂m¬ \n-jv-{In-b-Xz-sa-∂-√.

A-\o-Xn-°pw A-k-Xy-Øn-\p-sa-Xn-sc-bp-≈ Poh-∑-c-W t]m-cm-´-am-Wv. A-Xn-\v km-l-kn-I-sc B-h-iy-ap-≠v. \n-߃-°-Xn-\p I-gn-bpw. \n߃ bp-h-Xo-bp-hm-°ƒ th-Ww hn-π-hw ap∂n¬ \n-∂p \-bn-°m≥... k-Xym-{K-ln-I-fm-bn-´v B-cpw P-∑-sa-Sp-Øn´n-√. a-W¬-Ø-cn-I-fn¬ \n-∂pw a-lm-∑m-sc hm¿-sØ-Sp-Øp, Km-‘n-Pn. Rm≥ Km-‘n-b-√.

F-∂m¬ Cu Im-e-L-´w k-I-e-sc-bpw Km-‘nam-cm-Im≥ \n¿-_-‘n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. sIm®p-sIm-®p Ip-´n-Iƒ, \-Ωp-sS Ip-´n-Iƒ, Km-‘nPn-sb-°p-dn-®v kw-km-cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Km‘n-bm-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Cu bp-h-P-\-ßfp-sS kz-`m-h cq-]o-I-c-Ww \-S-°p-∂-Xv, _olm¿ {]-t£m-`-W-Øn¬ Rm≥ I-≠p-sIm-≠ncn-°p-I-bm-Wv. kzm-X-{¥y k-a-c-Øn-\p-ti-jw G-‰-hpw {]-[m-\-am-sbm-cp {]-t£m-`-W-am-Wv Cu cm-PyØv C-∂v \-S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. hn-Zym¿-∞nIƒ-°m-Wv A-Xn-s‚ ap-gp-h≥ {]-i-kv-Xn-bpw.

B-lzm-\-Øn-s‚ t]-cn¬ A¬-]-kz¬-∏w t]cv F-\n-°pw \¬-I-s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v. F-∂m¬ {]h¿-Øn-®n-´p-≈-Xp ap-gp-h≥ A-h-cm-Wv. G-‰-hpw {]m-[m-\y-a¿-ln-°p-∂ H-cp {]-hr-Øn-bm-Wn-Xv. C-Xv hn-P-bn-®m¬ H-cp \-h-`m-c-Xw D-cp-Øn-cn™p-h-cpw. F-\n-°-Xn¬ A-ti-jw kw-i-b-an√. R-߃, kzm-X-{¥y k-a-c-tbm-≤m-°ƒ I≠n-cp-∂ kz-]v-\-ß-sfm-∂pw C-cp-]-Øn-sb-´p h¿-j-߃-°p-ti-j-hpw bm-Ym¿-∞y-am-bn-´n-√.

B `m-c-Xw Cu k-a-c-Øn-eq-sS ]n-d-hn-sb-Sp-

°pw. a-lm-flm-Km-‘n Xp-S-ßn-sh-®v A-]q¿-Æam-bn A-h-ti-jn-∏n-®p-t]m-b hn-π-h-I-c-am-b B {]-hr-Øn ap-gp-an-°m-\p-≈-Xm-Wv C-∂p \-S-∂psIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂ Cu {]-t£m-`-Ww. Cu A-[p-\m-X-\ hn-π-h-Øn-s‚ B-lzm\w B-cv {i-≤n-°pw? B-cv ap-t∂m-´n-d-ßpw? `mc-X-Øn-se bp-h-P-\-ß-f-s√-¶n¬ ]n-∂m-cv Cu Np-a-X-e G-s‰-Sp-°pw? bp-h-P-\-߃-°p am-{Xsa C-Xn-s‚ ssk-\n-I-cpw, ssk-\ym-[n-]-∑m-cpam-Im≥ I-gn-bq. Cu kw-kv-Im-cn-I hn-π-hw IqSm-sX `m-c-X-hpw `m-c-Xo-b-X-bpw c-£n-°-s∏-SpI Zp-jv-I-c-am-bn-tØm-∂p-∂p. C-sXm-cp am-\pjn-I hn-π-h-am-bn-cn-°pw. B-¥-cn-I hn-π-h-ambn-cn-°pw. `m-c-X-Øn-s‚ B-≤ym-fln-I ssN-X\yw Hm-tcm hy-‡n-bn-te-°pw ]-I-cp-∂ hn-πhw.

H-cp Zn-h-kw sIm-≠v H-cp hn-π-h-hpw ]q¿Øn-bm-Ip-∂n-√. X-I¿-°m≥ H-cp Zn-h-kw a-Xn, sI-´n-∏-Sp-°m≥ A-Xp-t]m-cm. A-Xn-\m¬ \-ΩpsS Cu A-[p-\m-X-\ hn-π-hw B-tcm-l-W-Øns‚ H-cp {]-{In-b B-bn-cn-°pw. ITn-\-am-b Cu B-tcm-lW - Ø - n-\v bp-hP - \ - ß - ƒ X-s∂ ap-t∂m´v h-tc-≠-Xp-≠v.

A-dp-]-Xp tIm-Sn P-\-߃ A-[n-h-kn-°p∂ Cu cm-Py-Øv Cu {]-hr-Øn-°v \n-kzm¿∞-cpw ss[-cy-im-en-I-fpw Zo¿-L-ho-£-W-ap-≈h-cp-am-b G-Xm-\pw B-bn-c-߃ D-≠m-hn-s√. sF-Xn-lm-kn-I-am-b Cu {]-t£m-`-W-Ønkz-bw k-a¿-∏n-°m≥ X-øm-dm-bn ap-t∂m-´p hcm≥? bp-h-P-\-߃ kz-¥w lr-Z-b-Øn¬ ssIh-®p t\m-°-s´. kz-ÿ-hpw, kp-J-I-c-hp-am-b Po-hn-X-am-tWm A-h¿ sIm-Xn-°p-∂-Xv? D-ØpwK-hpw, D-Zm-Ø-hp-am-b H-cp e-£y-Øn-\p-th-≠n ITn-\-hpw, th-Z-\m-\n¿-`-c-hp-am-b Po-hn-X-sØ B-enw-K-\w sN-øm≥ X-øm-dp-≈ th-≠-{X bph-Xo bp-hm-°-∑m¿ Cu cm-Py-Øv D-≠m-Ip-sa∂v F-\n-°v ]q¿-Æ-am-b hn-izm-k-ap-≠v. (k-ºq¿-Æ-hn-π-hw 1974)

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35

{]Xn-I-cWw

BIvSn-hn-Ãp-Isf {]-tNm-Zn-∏n-°p∂p k-\o-jv ]-\-ßm-Sv

a-c-W-Øn¬ t]m-epw Pm-Xn tNm-Zn-°p-∂ tI-cf - w F-∂ A\-¥p-cm-Pn-s‚ te-J-\w bmYm¿-∞y-am-Wv. Cu-bn-sS aq∂m-dn¬ D-≠m-b D-cpƒ s]m-´en¬ s]m-en-™p t]m-b Z-fnXv Po-hn-X-߃ i-cn-sh-°p∂p. A-h-sc Iq-´-am-bn h-enb Ip-gn-sb-Sp-Øv A-S-°w sNbv-X-Xv \mw I-≠p. A-h¿-°v kz-¥-am-bn H-cp Xp-≠v `q-an C√m-bn-cp-∂p. s]¨-Iƒ H-cpssa t\-Xm-hv tKm-a-Xn ap-Jya-{¥n aq-∂m-dn¬ h-∂-t∏mƒ Im-Wm≥ {i-an-®-Xpw A-\p-aXn \n-tj-[n-®-t∏mƒ tdm-UnIp-Øn-bn-cp-∂v {]-Xn-tj-[n-®Xpw \mw I-≠p. hy-Xy-kv-Xam-Wv tI-c-fw F-∂p ]-d-bmdp-≠v, F-∂m¬ Z-fn-Xv B-Zn-hmkn Po-hn-Xw C-¥y-bn¬ F-√mbn-S-Øpw H-cp-t]m-se X-s∂.

A-s√-¶n¬ h-´-h-S-bn-se N-Ivfn-b¿-°v aq-Sn sh-´m≥ 40 In.ao-‰¿ A-I-se aq-∂m-dn¬ t]m-

tI-≠n h-cp-am-bn-cp-t∂m? hmf-bm-dn-se Z-fn-Xv Ip-™p-ßs - f _-em-Xv-Im-cw sN-bv-Xv sIm-∂h¿ ]-I¬ am-\y-∑m-cm-bn hne-kp-tam?

Pm-Xn-hm-ep-Iƒ ap≥-]tØ-°mƒ Iq-Sp-X¬ Iq-Sp-Xth-Kw ap-f-®p s]m-¥n-s°m≠n-cn-°p-∂p. kw-h-c-W B-\pIq-ey-߃ t]m-epw I-h¿-s∂Sp-°p-∂ km-º-Øn-I kw-h-cW-Øn-\p Xn-Sp-°w Iq-´p-I-bmWv. C-SX - p-]£ - - k¿-°m¿ t]mepw kw-h-c-W-Øn-s‚ cm-jv-{Sobw D-b¿-Øn-∏n-Sn-® cm-jv-{So-b ]m¿- ´ n- I ƒ Xn- I - ™ au- \ Ønepw. t]-cm-{º-bn-epw ta-∏ø - q-cnepw kmw-_-h/tN-c-a tIm-f-\nI-fn¬ Pm-Xn hn-th-N-\-hpw km-aq-ln-I _-ln-jv-°-c-Whpw F-√m-hc - pw A-dn-™p sIm≠m- W v Xp- S - c p- ∂ - X v . tI- c - f Øn¬ X-s∂-bm-Wv hn-i-∏-S°m≥ H-cp ]m-°-‰v _n-kv-°-‰v F-Sp-Ø-Xn-\v a-[p F-∂ B-Znhm-kn bp-hm-hn-s\ X-√n-s°m∂-Xv. F-∂n-´pw e-÷b - n-√m-sX

Ih¿ s]bn‚nwKv : tacn F¿an\ tdm{UnKvkv

\-Ωƒ ]-d-bp-∂p \-ap-°v PmXn- b n- √ \- Ω ƒ {]- _ p- ≤ ¿ F∂v. t\-Xm-°-∑m-cp-sS hn-d-Ipsh-´n-I-fpw sh-≈w tIm-cn-I-fpam- b n- Ø o¿- ∂ bp- h - P - \ {]ÿm-\-ß-sf Ip-dn-®p-≈ hn-a¿i-\ te-J\ - h - pw {i-t≤-ba - m-bn.

H-cp kw-L-S-\-bv-°p-≈n-epw \ho-\-am-b Nn-¥-I-tfm N¿-®-Itfm D-≠m-Ip-∂n-√. tam- U n- b p- s S ln- μ p- X z ^m-kn-Ãv \-b-߃ G-sXms° co-Xn-bn¬ cm-Py-Øp \-S°p-∂p F-∂v h-c-®n-Sp-I-bm-Wv sI.-{io-Ip-am-dn-s‚ "Ku-cn-e-t¶jn-s‚ c-‡-km-£n-Xzw Nn-e cm-jv{- So-b Nn-¥I - ƒ' F-∂ teJ-\w. C-¥y-bn-se B-Iv-Snhn-Ãp-I-sf F-{X-am-{Xw tI-{μ K- h ¨- s a‚ v `- b - ° p- ∂ p- s h∂pw te-J\ - w Nq-≠n-∏d - b - p-∂p.

A-]-l-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂ P-\-X F∂ {]-tam-Zv Ip-am¿ C bp-sS te-J-\-hpw Im-cy-am-{X {]-k‡-am-bn. F-{X F-fp-∏-Øn-emWv C-¥y-bn-se km-[m-c-W a\p-jy-sc tam-Un k¿-°m-cn-\v I-_-fn-∏n-°m≥ I-gn-bp-∂-Xv? k-a-Im-en-I cm-jv-{So-b-Øn-se Xn-∑-I-sf \n-in-X-am-bn Xp-d∂p Im-´m-\pw {]-Xy-b-im-kv-{X]-c-am-b Nn-¥-I-sf h-f¿-Øm\pw A-¥¿-[m-c-bv-°p I-gn-bp∂p, A-`n-hm-Zy-߃.

{]-km-[-I k-an-Xn: ]n.]n.c-ho-{μ≥, c-ta-iv _m-_p tkm-tjym, a-e-bn≥-Io-gv i-in-Ip-am¿, F≥.Sn.sI. {io-[-c≥, Sn. ap-l-Ω-Zv A¥¿[m_-jo¿, Pn.cjm-\-hm-kv, tPm¿-Pv tP-°-_v, k-\o-jv ]-\-ßm-Sv, Fw.sI. kp-tc-jv _m-_p, hn.hn. _m-e≥ (I¨-ho-\¿)

36