අපගේ මනස්ස්ථාපනය තුළින් නව දේශයක් කරා

wmf.a ukiaia:dmkh ;=<ska kj foaYhla lrd

ukiaia:dmk Èk 40

ls;= ok mqnqÿj

m<uqjk uqøKh ( 2019 iema;eïn¾ 08

foõ ujqka Wmka ux.,Hh Èk msgm;a .Kk (

1000

uqøKh ( mqnqÿ uqøKd,h" 452" cd;sl neis,sld udj;" rd.u' ÿrl:k wxl ( 011 5 288344 $ 5 úoHq;a ;emE, ( press@pubuduwa.org

m%ldYl ( ls;= ok mqnqÿj" Y%S m%Yxidrduh" j,afmd," rd.u' ÿrl:k wxl ( 0094 11-2230300 $ 0094 11-5764123 úoHq;a ;emE, ( office@pubuduwa.org úoa' úhuk ( www.pubuduwa.org

fmrjok ls;= ok mqnqÿj ck;djla f,i iEu jirlu iema;eïn¾ ui m<uq jk bßod wm foaYh fjkqfjka hdÉ[d lsÍu wdrïN jkafka 2014 jif¾ § h' 2019 jif¾§ o th ;j;a w¾:j;a lrñka Èk 40l ukiaia:dmk iuhla o thg tla fõ' ksoyi ,enQ Èk isg ,la b;sydifha b;du w÷re hq.h fuh hhs wm lsjfyd;a fndfyda fofkla th ms<s.kq we;' rgl md,lhka ±k ±k;a ;%ia; m%ydrhla fkdje,elajQ tlu rg f,i YS% ,xldj f,dal b;sydihg tlaù yudr h' ish .Kka wirK ck;djla mdial= breÈk foú÷ka yg m%Yxid lsÍug" hÈkakg mdial= W;aijh ieuÍug ÈjH mQcd hd.hg iyNd.s jQ wjia:dfõ ;%ia;jd§ka úiska wuq wuqfõ Tjqka >d;kh lrk ,§' l=vd <uqka" w; orejka" .eìks uõjreka" jeäysá ;reK lKavdhï Tjqka w;r jQy' tu lïmkh ;j ;j;a lgqljkakg fya;= jkqfha fndaïnfha m%;súmdl ú¢ñka ÿla ú¢k wirKhska ksid h' Tjqkg hqla;sh bgq ù fkdue;' Tjqkaf.a f,h;a" fõokdj;a foú÷ka fj;g fudr fohs' fufia wirKhka fudr fooa§ jerÈ hehs iel iys; mqoa.,fhda iqfLdamfNda.S Ôú; .; lrñka ks±,af,a yeisfrk j. fmfka' md,lhska weia jid isàu ;j;a bjish fkdyelsh' <Õu tk ckdêm;jrKh iy bkamiq meñKsh hq;= uyd ue;sjrKhg jro lrejkaf.a iyfhda.h fkd,efnk ksid Tjqka ksy~±hs ielhls' fuh uejqïlrejdfKda fkdbjikakls' —md,lhsks" kqU,df.a rfÜ ck;djf.a f,h" ,la fmdf<dfjka ug fudr .ihs' kqfò ck;djf.a fudr .eiSfï fõokdfõ y~ ud fj;g meñK yudrh˜ hkqfjka foú|dfKda ienúkau Tjqka wu;d lshd yudrh' 2004 iqkdñfha úkdYh wmg wu;l ù we;' 3

2009 hqoaOfha wjidkh;a iuÕ ck;d iu.sh yd idOdrK;ajh bgq lsÍug wu;l ù we;' lreKq fufia ;sìh§ wm ;j;a foaYmd,{hka" mlaI" mdg miq mi ÿjkafkuq o@ wd.ñl yd ckjd¾.sl f,i fn§ isáuq o@

wm fuf,i iQodkï jkafka wmf.a foaYh fjkqfjka .eUqre ukiaia:dmkhl fh§ugh' th Èk 40ls' fuu ukiaia:dmkh i|yd foú|dfKda wmj fhduq lrk foaj jpkh 2 jxYdj,sh 7(14 —udf.a kduh orK udf.a fikÕ ne.Em;a ù" hdÉ[d lr" ud fidhd ;ukaf.a kmqre ud¾. w;ayeßfhd;a" uu iaj¾. fha isg th wid" Tjqkaf.a mõ lud fldg" Tjqkaf.a foaYhg fi; i,ikafkñ'˜ fuh wmg ,eî we;s wdorkSh Ôjkodhl jpkhls' ) fï jpkh wmg o flfrk wjjdohls' ) foúhka jykafia wmf.ka b,a,kafka l=ula o@ ^w& ne.Em;ajk f,i ^wd& hdÉ[d lrk f,i' rg fjkqfjka foú÷ka bÈßfha ueÈy;a jk f,i' ^we& foúhka jykafiaju fidhk f,i' ^wE& kmqre ud¾. w;ayßk f,i;a h' ^ukiaia:dmkh jk f,i;ah& ) fuu b,a,Su bIaG lrkakka yg Tjqka jykafia úYd, fmdfrdkaÿjla fok fial' tkï" 4

^w& wmf.a hdÉ[djg ijka fok nj ^wd& wmf.a mõ lud lrk nj' ^we& foaYhg fi; i,ik nj;a h' wmf.a foaYhg iqN m%d¾:kd lrk iEu ls%ia;shdks ldrfhl=gu" lf;da,slfhl=gu" fuu ukiaia:dmk Èk 40g wm yd tlajk fuka f.!rjdorfhka we/hqï lruq' fuu ukiaia:dmkhg wdrïNhla f,i wm ohdnr Nd.Hjka; wïudf.a ysiaùfï" w;ayeÍfï w;a±lSug we;=¿ ùug wms ish¿ fokdgu wdrdOkd lruq' foaj uEKsfhda ysia fjñka Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafiaf.ka msreKq fial' l=reish mduq, foaj uEKshkaf.a w;a±lSfï ì|lg wms fhduq fjuq' ;uka fu;rï fma%u l< mq;%hd" ;ukaj wu;l lrkakg lshkakd fiah' ;j ÿrg;a Tng wïud lshkafka cqjdï f.da<hd lshkakdfia h' foaj uEKshkag fï jpk wefioa§ l=ula isf;kakg weoao@ mq;d lshkakg ;sfnk whs;sfhkq;a ug ysia fjkakgo lshkafka@ wïud lshd wduka;%Kh lrkq ,eîug ;sfnk whs;sfhkq;a ug ysia fjkakg o lshkafka@ foaj uEKshkag l=ula isf;kakg we;so@ fu;=udKkaf.a YS% uqLfhka msg jQfha foú mshdKka jykafiaf.au jpkhhs hkqfjka ´ f;dfuda ksielju is;d" zTn jykafiaf.a leue;a; isÿ fõjdZhs lSjd h' wm ish¿ fokdg o foú|dfKda hïlsis jpkhla mjik fial' tkï" wm tlsfkld orK ish¿ mlaI j,ska" mdg j,ska" u;su;dka;r j,ska ysiajk f,ig h' lsisu foaYmd,k mlaIhlg .e;slï fkdlrk f,ig h' fï ish,af,ka wm ysiajk m%udKhg wm Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafiaf.ka msfrkq we;' túg foú|dfKda ysia jQ wm yoj;a j,g Tjqka jykafiaf.a jpkh ;nkq we;' wm ish¿ fokdu w;S wjxlju fuu Èk 40 hdÉ[djg" ukiaia:dmkhg we;=<;a fjuq' 5

wm fojkqj wmf.a kmqre ud¾. j,ska yefruq' iEu Èklu Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafia wmf.a wjOdkh ,la flfrk kmqre ud¾. j,ska yefruq' n,h m;d hÈuq' wm lafIa;% 5la Tiafia fuu ukiaia:dmk Èk 40 ilia fldg we;' 01' fm!oa.,sl ukiaia:dmkh ;=<ska kj foaYhla lrd - uf.a fm!oa.,sl ukiaia:dmkh foaYhla wdf,dalu;a lsÍug flfia n,mEula lrhs o hkak flfkl=g m%Yakhla kefÕkakg mq¿jk' hq.fha fyd| u WodyrKhla kï wmf.a ld¾Èk,a ysñmdKka h' lsisfjla uqia,sï ck;djg w; fkd.ikakehs lsjQ jpkh bÈßfha uq¿ foaYhu ksfid,auka úh' t;=udKkaf.a kdhl;ajh fkd;sfnkakg wm foaYh kej;;a f,a ú,la jkakg ;snqKs' uy;aud .dkaê" tan%yï ,skalka" fk,aika uekafv,d" wmf.a ohdnr iajdñ ;d;a;d ;j;a WodyrKhka h' 02' mjqf,a ukiaia:dmkh ;=<ska kj foaYhla lrd - fm!oa.,sl ukiaia:dmkh fuka u mjqf,a ukiaia:dmkh o tlfia jeo.;a h' 03' iudc ixialD;sh lafIa;%fha ukiaia:dmkh ;=<ska kj foaYhla lrd 04' foaYmd,k lafIa;%h ;=< ukiaia:dmkh ;=<ska kj foaYhla lrd 05' wd¾Ól lafIa;%h ;=< ukiaia:dmkh ;=<ska kj foaYhla lrd fuf,i —wmf.a ukiaia:dmkh ;=<ska kj foaYhla lrd˜ .uka lruq'

6

ioaO¾u §mh kñka f,dj Èkq ioaO¾u §mh kñka f,dj Èkq W;=ï YS% ,xld wm ckau §mh W;=ï YS% ,xld - ,xld - ,xld wukqIH úukla lf<a flf,i o n,ka ;;= úuid mroaod n,j;=ka ¥Is; - mdms Ok ;DIaKd O¾u i;Hfh Yla;sfhka ch olsuq YS% ,xld ish¿ mSvd ÿßka ÿre lr kÕuq wm yo m%d¾:kd æ ish¨ i;a;ajfhda ksÿla fj;ajd ksfrda.S fj;ajd æ W;=rkd lsß l<i ú,iska ieu fodfrka fodr ish,a ck Èú hqla;sfhka msß idufhka - ;=áka b;sf¾jd æ w,afmaÉP Èúhl myka i;=áka Èúfha i;=g jvd iduqysl Èú fmfj; kxjuq - yÈka yo mqnqod O¾u i;Hfh Yla;sfhka ch olsuq YS% ,xld

ish¨ mSvd '''' W;=rkd lsß l<i ''' ysÕuka m;d ysi i<k mr.e;s Ñka;kh mrod ksoyfia ks¾udK wNsuka - wm me;=ï imqrd O¾u i;Hfh Yla;sfhka - ch olsuq YS% ,xld

ish¨ mSvd '''' ioaO¾u §mh kñka f,dj Èkq W;=ï YS ,xld wm ckau §mh W;=ï YS% ,xld - ,xld - ,xld 7

w;aje, ±yeñ ñksfil= hÈk heÿu n,j;ah' M,odhlh' ^cdfldí 5( 16& wmf.a foaYh fjkqfjka hdÉ[dfõ fhfok fuu Èk 40 ;=< b;d Wkkaÿfjka" Woafhda.su;aj yd wLKavj iyNd.Sùug wm mshjr .; hq;=h' fuu heÿu wm foaYh ;=< M,odhs ùug kï thg iyNd.s úh hq;af;a úYajdih" n,dfmdfrd;a;=j yd fm%auh fmr±ßjh' 1' fuu Èk 40 iEu Èkhlau wdrïN l< hq;af;a wm rg fjkqfjka foõuõ bÈßmsg cmud,h WÉpdrKh lrñks' ta wkqj wm foaYhg —w¿;a wyila - w¿;a fmd<jla˜^t<sorõj 21(1"4& Wodlr fok f,i foõ uõ ueÈy;alu m;d my; ms,sj,g Èkm;d cmud, OHdkhg fhduqjkak' m<uqjk cmud, mx;sh

wm rfÜ isák ish¨u wd.ñl kdhlhka O¾ufha yrh iam¾Y lrñka ck;djo ta i`oyd fhduqlsÍug mshjr .kq i`oyd¦

fojk cmud, mx;sh

ld¾Èk,a ;=ud we;==¿ ro.=re uKav,h yg wm foaYh fjkqfjka Èjeisjr ld¾hfha fh§ug wjeis n,h m;d¦

;=kajk cmud, mx;sh wm foaYfha ish¨u foaYmd,k mlaI yd kdhlhka ¥IKfhka f;drj mrd¾:ldój wm rgg yd rfÜ ish¨u ck;djg lemjqk wdorh lrk kdhlhka jkq i`oyd¦

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y;rjk cmud, mx;sh

mQcl isß Tiald wnhr;ak msh ^iqjdñ ;d;a;d&" w;s.re frdìkaika úfÊisxy msh;=ud^wOHd;añl wOHlaIl&" Èjeis tl;=j we;=¨ uq¿ uy;a mqnqÿ ck;dj wOHd;añl yd udkqIsh foaYhla f.dvke`.Sug uqyqka fuka ls%hd lrkq i`oyd"

miajk cmud, mx;sh

wm rfÜ Ôj;a jk ish¨qu ck fldgia cd;s - wd.ï mlaI fNaofhka f;drj rgg wdorh lrk tlu ck;djla f,i ls%hd lrkq i`oyd"

) cmud,h WÉPdrKh lsÍfuka wk;=rej ish¨fokdu tlaj wm rg fjkqfjka foaj ud;djkag lrkq ,nk hdÉ[djg iyNd.s jkak' 2' wdrïNl m%Yxidj 3' fmr Èkh ms<sn`o wdmiq ne,Sug we;=¨fjñka l=vd lKavdhï ;=< w;a±lSï fnod.ekSug fhduqjkak' 4' ojfia iqmqj; fnod.ekSu'

^Èkm;d ojfia iqmqj; i`oyd ,nd § we;s fhduqj fufkyslr iQodkïj meñKSu ms<sn`oj úfYaI wjOdkh fhduqlrkak'&

5' ukiaia:dmkh yeÍu' fuu ld,iSudj ukiaia:dmkfha ld, iSudjla neúka ojfia iqmqj;g miqj bÈßm;a lr ;sfnk ukia:dmkfha fhduqj ms<sn`oj ie,ls,su;a jkak' iqÿiq whqßka' ta i`oyd we;s fnod .ekSugo fhduqjkak' 9

6' Èkh wjika jkqfha rg fjkqfjka ueÈy;aùfï hdõ[djg we;=,a ùfuks' tneúka ueÈy;aùfï hdÉ[dj i`oyd ,nd§ we;s my; i`oyka lreKq fj; Tnf.a Èkm;d wjOdkh fhduqlsÍu ms<sn`oj ie,ls,su;a jkak' * w¿;a wyila - w¿;a fmd<jla wm foaYh ;=< Wodlrjkq i`oyd wm rg yd ls;=ok mqnqÿ ck;dj fjkqjka" * rgg wdorh lrk" ¥IKfhka f;drjQ" fmdÿ hym; Wfoid lemjk hym;a md,lhka fjkqjka" * ld¾Èk,a ;=ud we;=¿ ro.=re uKav,h fjkqfjka" * foaYh ;=< úisß isák ish¨u wd.ïj,g wh;a wd.ól kdhl;ajh fjkqfjka" Èkm;d Ndjkdj i`oyd úkdä 90l ld,hla fjkalrk f,i b,a,d isák w;r meh 02lg fkdwvq ld,hla we;=,; ojfia Ndjkdj wjika lsßug mshjr .kakd f,i b,a,d isáuq'

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wm rg fjkqfjka foaj uEKshkag hdÉ[dj

wfyda ohdnr fifkfyjka; uEKshks $ Y%S ,xld rdfÊYajßh yd $ wm wdrlaIsldfjks" fï ;SrKd;aul fudfydf;a § $ wm ksy;udkSj $ ne.Em;aj $ who isák fï b,a,Sug $ ijkaÿk uekj' ohdnr uEKshks $ hqoaO ix.%duj,§" yd wfkaldldr wk;=rej,§ $ Tn wm iyhg jeähd fkdfõo@ $ Tnf.a fkdfjkia fm%aufhka" wm w;r uq,a nei we;s noaO ffjrh yd m%pKav ls%hd $ m,jd yeßh uekj' wm rfÜ fm%auh yd O¾ñIaGlu $ rc lrk rdcHhla f.dvkeÕSug $ wmg iyh jqj uekj' fmïnr uEKshks" $ Tn wm flfrys we;s $ fkdfjkia wp, fm%auh yd ohdkqlïmdj $ ks;r isys lrñka $ Tfí fifkanr wdrlaIdjg $ wm rg jeis ish¨ cd;Ska Tng Ndr lruq' $ wm iudch ;=< ifydaor;ajh" $ iduh yd tluq;=lu $ f.dvkeÕSug wmg iyh jqj uekj $ wm rfgys ish¨ fokd $ tl mjq,l ifydaor ifydaoßhka fuka Ôj;a ùfï Nd.Hh $ wmg ,nd ÿk uekj' $ wdfuka

11

01 jk Èkh

fm!oa.,sl mdmfhka yefrñka kj foaYhla lrd ojfia iqmqj; ( wmf.a fm!oa.,sl mdmh wmj foúhka jykafiaf.ka wE;a lrhs' foaj fma%ufha Ôú;h ;=jd, lrhs' ^W;am;a;s 3 jk mßÉfþoh& is;ska" jpkfhka" ls%hdfjka yd w;miq lsÍfuka wms mõ lruq' ^lf;da,sl iNd O¾fudamfoaYh wxl 1853& iEu ÈjH hd.hl§u wms fuh isys lr ukiaia:dmkh fjuq' wmf.a kmqre is;=ú,s" wdl,am" tlsfkld ne| ;nk w÷re Ñ;%" is;ska lduñ:Hdpdrh lsÍu" tajdfha we,S .e,S mdmh riú£u wdÈh ;=<ska wms is;ska mõ lruq' tuÕska wmf.a is;" wd;auh wmú;% jkq we;' oji mqrd wmf.a is; ;=< jQ is;=ú,s fl;rï foú÷ka ;=<o@ ke;fyd;a mdmsIaGo@ jpkfhka wm fld;rï mõ lruq o@ .;= fla,ï lSu" fndre lSu" wfkldf.a pß;h >d;kh lsÍu" wfkldj my;a lr ie,lSu" ,eÊcdjg m;a lsÍu" kskaod wmydi lsÍu" wmf.a kmqre jpkfhka wmsg flfkl=j udkislj;a" Ydßßlj;a urd ±ñh yelsh' wm ojilg l:d lrk jpk ;=<ska lSmdrla mõ lrkjdo@ ke;fyd;a foaj fma%uhg idlaIs orkjdo@ ls%hdfjka wm lrk mdmh fld;rï o@ ñkSuereï" fidrlï" foudmsh" jeäysáhka fkdi,ld yeÍï" ysxid lsÍï" mßirh úkdY lsÍu" jxpdj" ¥IKh" whqla;sh" widOdrKh" È<ska|dj mSvdjg m;a lsÍu" îu;alu" .íidj'''' i;Hh ±k ±k;a wi;H bÈßmsg ksy`vj isàu" hqla;sh bgq fkdlsÍu" mSä;hdj ksoyia fkdlsÍu" fm!oa.,sl heÿu" ÈjH mQcdj w;miq lsÍfuka yd" foú÷kag m%ikak foa lsÍu uÕyeÍu ;=<ska ojig fldmuK jdrhla wms mõ lruq o@ 13

;jo udf.a iajNdjh ^>kh& uq,a w.=K mdmh" kj w.=K mdmh" we;=,dka; ;=jd," mqreÿ" weíneysùï ;=<ska o oji mqrd wms fld;rï kï mdmhg jefguq o@ tuÕska Y=oaOd;au fufyhùug bv fkd§ mdmhg udj fufyhjkakg bv fokjd fkdfõ o@ uf.a fm!oa.,sl mdmh yd tys úmdlh uf.a mjq,g" ix>hg" foaYhg yd uq¿ úYajhgu n,mdkq ,nhs' tfiau uf.a ienE wjxl ukiaia:dmkh" is;a yeÍu ;=< kj jrm%id§h Ôú;h uf.a mjq," ix>h" foaYh" úYajhu ksoyia lrkq ,nhs' ^2 jxYdj,sh 7(14& Y=oaOjka; Ndjh lrd /f.k hkq ,nhs' mqrdK .súiqfï foúhka jykafia f;dard .;a odú;a rc;=ud BY%dfh,a rcjreka w;r foú÷kag b;d m%ikak jQ rcqo" ck;djf.a wdorh Èkd .;a hym;a n,.;= rc flfkla jqj;a ;u uõ l=fia isgu jQ mdmhg o" ;u fhdjqka úfha" ;reK úfha isÿ jQ mdmhg o ienE f,i ukiaia:dmkh úh' odú;a rc;=udf.a tjeks ukiaia:dmkfha heÿï .S;dj,sfhys fndfyda olakg we;' ^.S;d'51" 62" 109" 139'''& ;jo Wßhdf.a ìß| jQ fn;afInd mdjd .ekSfuka Tyq l< jro .ek kd;dka Èjeisjrhd ;=<ska jQ foaj jpkh bÈßmsg ;u rdc jia;%dNrK .,jd oud Èk .Kkla ìu je;sÍ" ksrdydrYS,sj ienE f,i ukiaia:dmkh úh' wjidkfha foú|dKka Tyqg iudj ÿka fial' Tyqf.a ukiaia:dmkh ;=<ska uq¿ BY%dfh,a ck;djgu" foaYhgu foú|dfKda wdYS¾jdo l< fial' ^2 iduqfj,a 11"12 mßÉfþo& iNd b;sydifha m%Odk idka;=jreka w;r flfkla jk Y=' w.=ia;Skq ;=ud b;du mõldr Ôú;hla .; l< wfhls' Tyq foú÷kaj úYajdi lf<a ke;' ñ;HdoDIaÀl u; ±rE w;r újdy fkdù orefjl= o isáfha h' b;d mdmsIaG Ôú;hla .; l< Tyq ;u Ôú;fha ienE ukiaia:dmkh ;=< yeÍfuka miqj ,shQ —mdfmdÉpdrKh˜ kue;s .%ka:fha th b;d fyd¢ka wmg 14

wjfndaO lr.; yelsh' tys t;=ud fufia mjihs —mdms uvjf,a .eUqrgu jeà isá ud ñh .shd kï hlaIhdf.a lggu jefgkjd iaÒrh' tfy;a foaj lreKdj" jrm%idoh ksid ud thska .e<ùu w;aÿgqfjñ'˜ myiq ud¾.hlska foú|dfKda ;udg .e<ùu fkd§" mdmfha m;=,gu jeà isá Tyq Èkm;d thska f.dv tkakg l, wr.,h fld;rï ÿIalr jQjo ;u W;aidyfhka th neß nj;a" foaj jrm%idofhka muKla th ,efnk nj;a w;aÿgq t;=ud ;udf.a mõldr nj hï fiao Bg jvd wêlj foaj jrm%idoh ,enQ nj mjihs' t;=ud wo wm fjkqfjka ueÈy;a jk iaj¾.Sh iqÿjrfhls' tneúka úkdYldÍ mdmfha ne`ÿïj,ska .e<ùug foaj jrm%idoh wmg ,efí' wjYH jkqfha ienE wjxl ukiaia:dmkhls' ta ksid wms yefruq' wmf.a mdmh fl;rï nrm;, jqjo thska wmg .e<úh yels fõ' — ls%ia;=ka jykafiaf.a osúms§u^Y%S reërh& lrK fldgf.k'''˜ta .e<ùu wms fkdñf,au ,enqjyq h'tu`.ska wms .e<ù isáuq'^tmSi 1(7&' ta flfrys msmdifhka wm tlsfkld fm!oa.,slj ukiaia:dmkh fjuq' Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafia ta i|yd wmg uÕfmkajk fial' wm tlsfkldf.a yeÍu ;=<ska kj foaYhlg foú|dfKda wmj tf;r lrk fial' wmf.a foaYhg wjeis iduh" mS%;sh" ienE ksoyi" wdYS¾jdoh odkh lrk fial' wmj o" wm foaYh o Y=oaOj;a lrñka foú÷kaf.a m%n, ls%hd wm foaYh ;=< isÿ lrk fial' tneúka wms ukiaia:dmkh fjuq' wmf.a mdmfhka yefruq'

.S;sldj ( mqnqÿ .S wxl 227 —yefrkd msKsi yrjkak ud'''˜

15

02 jk Èkh

W;a:dk jq ls%ia;=ka jykafia yuqùu ;=<ska kj foaYhla lrd wdmiq ne,Su ( Bfha oji mqrd ug uf.a fm!oa.,sl mdmh ms<sn|j" tys úmdl uf.a mjq,g" ix>hg" foaYhg n,mdk wdldrh .ek wjÈ ùug yels jqkdo@ ud fkdolsk udf.a mdmh fmkajd fokakg Y=oaOd;auhdKkag bv fokakg yels jqkdo@ wms Bfha ±lald odú;a rc;=ud foú÷kag m%ikak jqfka fldfyduo@ ienE ukiaia:dmkh iy foú÷ka ;=< hemSu ksidu foú|dfKda ta ck;djg" foaYhg wdYS¾jdo l<d' mdmfha m;=,gu jeá,d isá Y=' w.=ia;Skq ;=ud Bg;a jvd m%n, f,i foaj jrm%ido" lreKdj w;a±lald' ienE wjxl ukiaia:dmkhla ;=<ska foaj fma%uhg idlaIs orK Ôú; fmr<shlg Y=oaOd;auhdfKda t;=udj /f.k .shd' tu ksid ukiaia:dmkh úfï n,h" wdYS¾jdoh mS%;sh Bfha oji mqrd ug w;aolskakg yels jQjdo@ fm!oa.,slj" mdmfhka yefrkakg ukiaia:dmkh ùu ;=< Tn .;a mshjr flfiao@ lKavdhï ;=< idlÉPd lrkak'

ojfia iqmqj; ( Y=' mdjq¿ ;=ud cqfoõ wd.fï b;d ±ä kS;s Í;s ;=< Ôj;a jQ mßisjrfhls' fÊiqia jykafiaf.a kduhg úreoaOj fndfyda foa l<hq;= hehs jrla is;+ Tyq fcrei,fï§ kdhl mQclhkaf.a n,h ,en ls;=kqjka fndfyda fofkl= isrf.j, ±uqfõ h' Tjqkaj urK o~qjug m;a lrk l,ays Bg tlÕj Pkaoh ÿkay' ish¿ O¾u Yd,dj,§ fkdfhla úg ls;=kqjkag o~qjï lrñka wêl fldamfhka úúO kqjr j,g hñka ls;=kqjkag ysxid mSvd lf<ah' 16

idjq,a ouialhg .sfha W;a;u mQclhdf.ka ouialfha cqfoõjrekag bÈßm;a lsÍug n,m;%hla ,nd .ksñks' ta ls;=kqjka wiqjqfkd;a o~qjï lsÍu i|yd w,a,d fcrei,ug f.k tk msKsih' isÿjQfha ouialhg hk .ufka§ Y=' mdjq¿ ;=udg W;a:dk jQ Ôjudk ls%ia;=ka jykafia yuqùuh' Y=' mdjq¿ ;=ud ;uka foaj wmydi ldrfhl= nj" mSvd lrkafkl= nj" kskaod lrkafkl= nj fláfhka lshf;d;a mõldrfhl= njg ^1 ;sfuda;s 1(13"15& mjihs' Ôjudk ls%ia;=ka jykafia yuqùfuka mdjq¿ ;=udf.a Ôú; .uk fjkia fjhs' ukia:dmkh fjhs' mdfmdÉpdrKh lrhs' ls%hd 9(1-19 by; úia;rh Y=' mdjq¿ ;=udg isÿjQ foa ms<sn| ndysrj meyeÈ,s lrhs' tfy;a úuish hq;af;a t;=udf.a wNHka;rfha l=ula isÿùo hkakhs' idjq,af.a Ôú;fha ukiaia:dmkhla isÿ úh' ta yeÍu t;=ud fyd| ñksfil= ùu o" fmr isáhdg jvd fyd| ñksfil= ùuo@ jHjia:djg mlaImd;Sj isàfuka fÊiqia iñ|dKka jykafiag mlaImd;S ùu lrd fjkia ùuo yqfola Ôú; fjkila o@ Ôú; meje;afï fmr<shla o@ 2 fldfrka;s 5(16-17 isÿjQfha l=ulao@ w¿;a fohla t;=ud ;=< isÿfjkakg mgka .eksKs' w¿;a Èú meje;aulg t;=ud wjÈ úKs' Y=' mdjq¿ ;=ud W;a:dk jq Ôjudk ls%ia;=ka jykafia yuqjk weiqre lrk Tjqka jykafia yd wLKav iïnkaOlula mj;ajk ;eke;a;d ;=< isÿjk w¿;a ;;a;ajfha n,.;= mrudo¾Yhls' mdjq¿;=ud mßisjrfhla f,i cqod iudcfha uyd n,hla ;snq ;eke;af;ls' cqod wd.ug msvd lrkakjqka urd oukakg .;a 17

;SrKfhka ta nj m%;HlaI fjhs' W;a:dkjQ ls%ia;=ka jykafia yuqùu;a iuÕ isÿ jq ukiaia:dmkh lrK fldgf.k t;=uka ;=< isÿ jq fmr<sh ms<sn|j t;=ud fuf,i úia;r lrhs' —tfy;a ug jdishlaj ;snq foa u ls%ia;=ka jykafia Wfoid ±ka wjdishle hs is;kakg mgka.;sñ' tmuKl=;a fkdfõ" udf.a iajdóka jk ls%ia;=ia fÊiqia jykafia ±k .eksfï úYsIag;djh ksid ta ish,a, wjdishle hs .Kka.ksñ' Tjqka jykafia ksid ish¿ foa ug ke;s ú .shd muKla fkdj" ta ish,a, l=Kq li, hehs i,lñ'˜ ^ms,smams 3(7-8& ukiaia:dmkfha n,h úoyd,ñka ñksiqkaf.a ms<s.eksu n,h" Okh" udkh ^nOud& fjkqjg t;=ukaf.a iïmq¾K Ôú;h fÊiq ls%ia;=ka jykafia Wfoid m%dKmß;Hd.s lrñka ;u Ôú;h mdksh mqcdjla fldg ^f,a j.=rejñka& mqo lsßug ;rï n,hla ,eìh' t;=udKkaf.a ukiaia:dmkh jq Ôú; iqj| tod fuka wo o uq¿ f,dalh iqj|j;a lrhs' mqnqÿjd,hs' Okhg" n,hg" udkhg hg jq ñksidf.a Ôú;h ieuod f,dalhg ÿ¾.kaOhls' kj foaYhla lrd msh ukskakg mqnqÿj" iNdj mdjq¿ ;=ud fuka ls%ia;=ka jykafiaf.a Ôú;dl,amh wm ;=<;a we;s lr.ekSfï msmdifhka hq;=j hdÉ[d lruq'

ukiaia:dmkh yd yeÍu ( 01' ) W;a:dk jQ ls%ia;=ka jykafia yuq ù ud wd .ufka ud ;=< isÿ ù we;s ukiaia:dmkh l=ulao@ ud krl mqoa.,fhl=j isg fyd| mqoa.,fhl= njg fjkia ùula o@ fyd| mqoa.,fhl=j isg jvd;a fyd| ;eke;af;la njg m;a ùula o@ ke;fyd;a w¿;au fohla ud ;=< isÿfjkakg mgka .;a;d o@ w¿;a Èú meje;aulg ukiaia:dmkhla ud ;=< ud olskjdo@ 18

) uu ienE ukiaia:dmkhlg we;=,a jk úg uf.a Ôú;h w¿;a jk úg" uf.a Èkm;d Ôú;fha ud ;=< ieÕù we;s mdmhg keUqrejla ms<sn|j Y=oaOd;auhdfKda ud úksYaph lrk fial' ta .ek m%udKj;a wjÈhlskao ud isgskafka@ tfiah ta mdmh;a" ÿn,lu;a idudkH fyd| flfkl=g fkdfmkS hd yel' ) wm rfÜ ckdêm;sjrKhg bÈßm;a ùfï wfmalaIdfjka isá jHdmdßlfhl= úfoaYhlska l=Kq wdkhkh l< isÿùula fmrÈkj, udOH u.ska m%ldY ùfï isÿùu isyshg .kak' rgla" iudchla fjkia lsÍug wdrïNh isÿúh hq;af;a mqoa.,hdf.a is;=ï me;=ï wdl,am ;=<h' ;ud ;=< rc lrk mgq yd wd;aud¾:ldñ nj" n,f,daNs njg wjÈ fkdjk flfkl=g kj foaYhla f.dvkÕkakg fmruqK .; fkdyelsh' ug;a ;j fndfyda whg;a ukiaia:dmkh ùfï yoj;a b,a,d fudr .iñka hdÉ[d lruq' ) foúhka jykafiaf.a lreKdj bÈßfha Èkm;d ud fmkS isáh hq;=h' Tjqka jykafiaf.a wiSñ; fma%uh l=reisfha t,a,S isák iñ÷ka u.ska wm fj; fkdfjkiaj .,d tk nj iaÒridrj úYajdi l< hq;=h' túg Tjqka jykafiaf.a iudj fok fma%uh ud Tijkq we;' ud bÈßhg f.k hkafka Tjqka jykafiaf.a lreKdnr fma%uhhs'

02' mqnqÿ .s wxl 222 —Tnhs uf.a ±ä n,dfmdfrd;a;=j'''˜ .dhkd lruq' wmjo ukiaia:dmkh u.ska le|jk iñ÷ isyskhg wkqj —w¿;a ueú,a,˜ lrkakehs l=rei mduq, /f|ñka .Sh ;j jrla .hñka hdÉ[d lruq'

19

03 jk Èkh

kj foaYhla olskakg ls%ia;= ±laulg yefruq wdmiq ne,Su ( Y=' mdjq¿ ;=ud ;=< isÿ jq ukiaia:dmkh iuq,sl mßj¾:khls' tjka jq Ôú;hl iqj| tla hq.hlg isud fkdjkakls' jir 2000la mqrd;a bka miqj;a ukiaia:dmkh jq Ôú; pß;hl n,mEu lsisfjl=g k;r l< fkdyel' Y=' mdjq¿ ;=udf.a Ôú;fhka uf.a Ôú;hg ukiaia:dmkh n,mEfõ flf,io@ fnod .kak'

ojfia iqmqj; ( ls%ia;=ka jykafia foi n,uq' mqnqÿ .S 366 ^kj uqøKh& 340 ^merKs uqøKh& —Tn foi ud ''''˜ Y=' udla 1(14-15 ) foúhka jykafiaf.a rdcHh wdikakh¦ —ukiaia:dmkh jkak Y=NdrxÑh woyd .kak˜ ) ls%ia;=ka jykafiaf.a ±lau Ôú;fha ish¿ me;slv iuÕ iïnkaO jQ úuqla;shls' th yqfola wd;auh ,nk iekiSula muKla fkdjkjd fia u yqfola foaYmd,k fyda iudchSh ksoyila o fkdfõ' È<s÷kaf.a iNdjla f,i iuia; ck;dj Wfoid jQ úuqla;shls' foaYmd,k" iudc" wd¾Ól" ft;sydisl" wdOHd;añl ish¿ wxY j,ska fm!oa.,slj;a" iduqyslj;a ^idx>slj& w;aolsk .e<ùuls' uq¿ mßirho uq¿ úYajhu o w;aolsk úuqla;shls' ^frdau 8(21-22& 20

) fï uyd úuqla;sodhl .ufka m<uq we/hqu ukiaia:dmkh jkak' yefrkak hehs iuQ,sl yeÍulg lrk wNsfhda.hls' ) mqcl isß Tiald wnhr;ak msh fyj;a iqjdñ ;d;a;df.a Ôú;h foi wjOdkh fhduq lroa§ t;=uka ;=< isÿ jq ukiaia:dmkh wmg ±l .; yel' 1971 YS% ,xldfõ foaYmd,k wjq,a núka Ôú; wr.,hlg ueÈù ;u wd;añl uÕ fmkajkakkaf.a WmfoaYh wkqj úfoaYSh jkaokd .ukl ksr; jq t;=ud kej; ,xldjg meñKqfka w¿;a ñksfil= f,isks' mßKdukh jQ ukiaia:dmkh jQ fuf;la .uka l< ud¾.fhka uq¿ukska yereKq l,lsÍu" fõokdj" ysia Ndjh" ;eú,a, fjkqjg Y=oaOd;au .skafkka weú¿kq kj ñksfil= f,isks' Êj,s; Woafhda.su;a msìÿkq ñksfil= f,isks' tu yeÍfï M,h ls;= ok mqnqÿjhs' 1971 werö msìÿKq Ôú; .uk j¾I 2021 § jir 50l cqì,s ux., ufyda;aijh ieuÍug iQodkï fjhs' fï uyd .ufka kshuqjdKka jQ t;=ud jfrl mejiqfõ" —ls;=kq lf;da,sl msì§fï kshu w¾:h hkq fÊiq ls%ia;=ka jykafia jpkfhka" ls%hdfjka mej;=fuka t<sorõ l< Tjqka jykafiaf.a ±lau fj; yeÍu njhs' fÊiq ls%ia;=ka jykafiaf.a ±laug yels;rï wkqrEmSj Ôj;a ùug wm Tjqka jykafiaf.a Y%djlhka f,i msmdi ùu wmf.a msìÿkq Ôú;h úh hq;= njhs'˜ wmg W.kajk foa wjxlj t;=ud Ôj;a jk njg t;=udf.a ir, w,afmaÉP Ôú;h idlaIs orhs' hï fmdfrdkaÿjla ÿkafkd;a fmdfrdkaÿ bgq lsÍu" fj,djg jev lsßu" m%;sm;a;s .rel Ôú;h wm bÈßmsg uyd wdo¾Yhls' t;=udf.a yeÍu" t;=ud ;u Ôú;h ;=< w;aÿgq msì§u wm rfÜ ,laI ixLHd; ck;djlf.a Ôú; yeÍulg" msì§ulg uq,a úh' wo wm fndfyda fofkl= 21

je<| f.k we;s ir, pdï Ôú;h" iqÿ uqÿ újdy ux.f,da;aij" ir, wjux.,H ms<sfj;a wm iudcfha fndfyda fofkl= ^ÿ.shd" È<skaod& .<jk ksoyia lrk ;SrK yd Ôú; l%uhla ù ;sfí' lf;da,slhka f,i il%fïka;= Ôú;hla .; lsÍfï n,h ms<sn|j wmj wjÈ l< t;=ud m%ido iakdmkfha msì§ula we;slr,Sh' msì§u hkq m%ido iakdmkSh le|ùfï msì§ula nj ks;r ks;r y~ keÕSh' uilg jrla mdfmdÉpdrK il%fïka;=jg ck;dj fhduq l< w;r t;=ud o uilg jrla mdfmdÉpdrKh l< wkaou wm ±l we;' fld;rï fjfyi uykais ú jev l<o ;u wdrdufha fkajdislhka iuÕ Èkm;d WoEik ÈjH mQcdj ;u Ôú;fha m%Odk m%uqL;djh úh' widOH frda.Ska ne,Sug .sh fndfyda wjia:djkays§ frda.Skaf.a wdf,amh il%fïka;=fõ ;sfnk n,h .ek t;=uka yd Ôj;a jQjka iuÕ fnod .;af;a foú÷ka miiñks' mßirhg" .y fld,g" i;d isõmdjg t;=uka ;=< jqfha wisñ; wdorhls' .il lsisu w;a;la lsisfjl=g ys;= uf;a lmd ±ñug" leäug wjirhla fkdúh' fydßlv jq l=i.skafka isá uy mdf¾ wirK jq iqkLhka t;=ukaf.a fkduo wkqlïmdjg" wdorhg" ie<ls,a,g n÷ka jqfha yeÕSfuka" jpkfhka muKla fkdj ls%hdfjks'

ukiaia:dmkh iy yeÍu idlÉPd lrkak ' ) ukiaia:dmkfha n,h fld;rïo@ tl mqoa.,fhl=f.a ukiaia:dmkh iNdj" rg mqnqÿjd,sug ;rï n,j;ah' ud ;=< ukiaia:dmkhg msmdihla ;sfío@ ) ud uq,slj uf.a fm!oa.,sl mdmh .ek ie<ls,su;a úh hq;= w;ru ukiaia:dmkfha .eUqrlg .uka lsÍug ;sfnk 22

le|ùug wjÈj isák ls;=kqfjla o@ ) mqcl isß Tiald wnhr;ak msh —iajdñ ;d;a;d˜ f.a Ôú;h ;=< ukiaia:dmkfha úúO me;slvhka m%ldY jk wdldrh .ek l:d lrkak' ) wmf.a fm!oa.,sl Ôú;fha wmf.a mjq,aj, muKla fkdj wm iudcfha o fÊiqia ls%ia;=ka jykafia iñ|dKka ùug ie<eiaùug mqnqÿj orK jEhug ud m%;spdr olajkafka flfiao@ .S;sldj mqnqÿ .S wxl 11 —iqo;=ï uÕ=,hs''''˜

23

04 jk Èkh

—kshñ; fudfyd; mßmQ¾K ù ;sfí' foúhka jykafiaf.a rdcHh wdikak h miq;eú,s ù is;a yrjd .kak' ukiaia:dmkh jkak¦ iqn wiak woyd .kak'˜ ^Y=' udla 1(14&

wdmiq ne,Su ( ukiaia:dmkh jQ Ôú;hla kï ienE f,iu yereKq ;ud wvq jq foaj rdcHfha ,laIK ;u pß;fhka wej;=ï mej;=ï j,ska m%ldY lrkafkls' mqcl isß Tiald wnhr;ak msh —iajdñ ;d;a;d˜ f.a Ôú;h ;=<ska wm ÿgqfõ thhs' ls;=kqjka f,i ukiaia:dmkh jkak hehs wmg we/hqï lroaÈ tu iñ÷ jok wmf.a Ôú;fha iuq,sl mßKdukhlg wmj le|jhs' Bfha wm ÿgq t;=ukaf.a Ôú;fhka m%ldYjq úúO me;slvhka ms<sn|j idlÉPd lrkak'

ojfia iqmqj; ( wm ieu flfklaju iñ|dKka jykafia fm!oa.,sl ukiaia:dmkhlg le|jk fial' fï jpkhg ijka fokakd ienúkau Nd.Hjka;fhls' tfia ukiaia:dmkh jkakkaf.a Ôú;h w÷frka wdf,dalhg fmrf<k wdldrh wms ksr;=re olskafkuq' tmuKla fkdfõ" Tjqkaf.a Ôú;" ;u mjq," .u" foaYh muKla fkdj f,dju wdf,dalu;a lsÍug n,md we;' Y=' udla 1(14 wm iñ|dKkaf.a ux., foaYkhhs' tfiakï —ukiaia:dmkh˜ hk foaj jpkhg wmf.a Ôú;fha úYd, ia:dkhla Èh hq;=h' iñ|dfKda Èkm;du wmj ukiaia:dmkhg le|jk fial' isoaêfhka isoaêhg ukiaia:dmkhg le|jk fial' ukiaia:dmkh r¿ yoj;a uDÿ lrkafkah' wkaOldrfhka wmj wdf,dalhg /f.k tkafkah' lkiai,af,ka msreKq wm 24

yoj;a ;=< iduh" mS%;sh" fma%uh rclrjkakg i,iajkafkah' mdmhg jy,a úfuka ksjy,a Ôú;hla lrd /f.k hkafkah'

is;kak - fnod .kak' ) Y=' nhsn,h ;=< fuf,i ukiaia:dmkh ;=<ska wdf,dalh lrd .uka lrñka f,djg n,mE pß; lSmhla kï lrkak' ) Tjqkaf.a Ôú; ;=< Tn olsk fm!oa.,sl ukiaia:dmkh Tnf.a Ôú;hg flf,i n,mE we;ao@ lreKq tfia kï ukiaia:dmkh fkdùu fudk ;rï nrm;, o@ wNd.H iïmkako@ tjeks mqoa.,hkaf.a Ôú; úkdYh lrd .uka lrkjd muKla fkdj" Tjqkg mjq,la" .ula" rgla" f,djla jqjo w÷frka w÷rgu /f.k hd yelsh' ukiaia:dmkh fkdjkakd ;=< id;kaf.a n,h wêlj ls%hd lrkq olakg ,efí' ysÜ,¾f.a Ôú;h foi n,kak' wirK cqod cd;slhka ish .Kkla fkdj" oyia .Kkla fkdj" ,laI .Kkska ñ,shk .Kkska Tyq urd ±ïfï h' Tjqka w;r ia;S%ka" l=vd orejka" frda.Ska o jQy' wjidkfha§ Tyqf.au Ôú;h o úkdY lr .;af;ah' tmuKla fkdj Tyqf.a ìß| o" orejka o Tyq m%sh l< n,a,d o urKhg m;a úh'

cqoia foi n,kak' Y=' cqjdï 13(1"2 mo lshjkak' hlaIhd iñodKka jykafiaj mdjd §ug cqoiaf.a is; fm<Uqfõ h' cqoia ;u iajdñhdf.a wdorh y÷kd f.k isáh;a" Tyq Bg;a jeäfhka uqo,g wdorh l< ksid ;u iajdñhdKkaj mdjd fokq ,enqfõh' fï Nhxldr fudfydf;a§;a fÊiqia jykafia Tyqg fma%u l< fial' wka;suh olajd fÊiqia jykafia cqoiag fma%u l< fial' ^Y=' cqjdï 13(2& .=refoajhdKka jQ iñ|dfKda cqoiaf.ao mdo fiaÿfõh' tfy;a cQoia mdmhg u idjoH ixlS¾Khg u hgù fldmuK wkaO jQjdoh;a ;u .=re 25

foajhdKkaf.a fma%uhg" foúhka jykafiaf.a fma%uhg újD; jQfha ke;'Tyqf.a uki mdjd§fï mdmfhka fj<S ;snqKs' Tyq ;u jro ms<sf.k ukiaia:dmkh ù iudj ,nd .kakjd fjkqjg ;ud l< jro .ek l<lsÍug m;a ù ;u Ôú;h úkdY lr .;af;a h' wm u;l ;nd .;hq;= ldrKdjla kï lsisu mdmhla wmf.a fma%uKSh jQ iñ|dKka jykafiag iudj fkd§ isákakg ;rï úYd, fkdjk njhs' tfia kï wo Èk wm l< hq;af;a l=ula o@ ukiaia:dmkh jkak' foú mshdKka jykafiaf.a buy;a fma%uh flfrys úYajdih ;nkak' ñkSurejka ^Y='mdjq¿ ;=ud& ffjYHdjka ^mõldr ia;s%h& hlaIdfõY jQjka ^ußh u.aof,akd& ukiaia:dmkh ;=<ska mú;%;djh lrd .uka l<d muKla fkdj" Tjqkaf.a Ôú; wog;a wmg n,mdhs' f,djgu n,mdhs' Tjqka idudkH ñksiqka nj wu;l fkdl< hq;=hs' tfia kï wm foaYh crdm;a ù ;sfnk fï fudfydf;a Tnf.a udf.a ukiaia:dmkh rgu wdf,dalh lrd f.k hdug n,hla nj wu;l fkdlrkak' ) B,Õ meh 24 ;=<§ hym;a mdfmdÉPdrKhla lrkak' ) ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia bÈßfha hdÉ[d lrkak'

.S;sldj mqnqÿ .S wxl 08 —i;=g iqjh iñ÷'''''˜

26

05 jk Èkh

kj foaYhla olskakg ir, w,afmaÉP Ôú; l%uhlg yefruq' wdmiq ne,Su ( ukiaia:dmkh fkdjQ yd jQ fofofkl= Ôú; j,g lÈu WodyrKhls fÊiqia jykafiaf.a f.da,hka jQ cqoia iy fmaÿre ;=ud' tlaflfkla Ôú;h úkdY lr.;a w;r" wfkla flkd m<uqjk mdma jykafia njg m;a úh' t;=ud ;u foaYhg muKla fkdj f,djg wo olajd úYd, jYfhka n,mdkafkah' fuys ryi l=ula ±hs fnod .kak'

ojfia iqmqj; ( foaj rdcHh m%ldYhg muqKqjk ls%ia;=ka jykafia ieu ñksfil=gu t,a, lrk uQ,sl wNsfhda.h ukiaia:dmkhhs' ukiaia:dmkh hkq fyd| ùula fkdj foaj mq;%Ndjhg we;=,a jkakg wjYH lrk wvqùula h" w;ayeÍula h' tjka jQ Wodr yeÍula m%lg lrkakdjQ wm j;auka iqo;=ï mshdKkaf.a ls%hdl,dmh yqfola m%ekaisia mdmajykafia f,i mdma OQrhg m;ajQ miq we;sjQ w¨;a fohla fkdfõ' wd¾fckaákdfõ nqjfkdia whfria moúfha w.ro.=re ;=uka f,i t;=uka .; l< Èúfhau È.=jls' ) Y=' uf;õ 9(10-12 Y=' Æla 5(12-13 lshjkak tod fÊiq iñ|dKka mõlrejkaf.a ñ;=frl= úh' ,dÿre frda.Skag" whleñhkag ióm fjñka wjYH ñ§u odkh l< fial' m%ekaisia mdma;=udf.a Ôú;fha uq,a wjëka ;=< ienE ukiaia:dmkhlg uÕfmkajQ iy bkamiq we;sjqkq Ôú; mßj¾:kh .ek fndfyda fokdf.a l;dnyg ,laù we;' ;reK 27

wjêfhau fÊiq ksldhsl m%dfoaYdêm;s ;=ful= f,i lghq;= lrk ld,fha wd¾ckaákdfõ we;sjQ foaYmd,k wr., iïnkaOj fn¾f.da,sfhda msh;=udf.a yeisÍu taldêm;s yd wka u; fkdbjik iajrEmhla ms,sìUq úh' ;u fY%aIaGhkaf.a Woyig mjd ,lajQ t;=ud" 1986 jif¾ c¾uksfha jeäÿr wOHdmkhg msg;a jQfhah' tys§ .eUqre wd;au fidaÈishlg fhduqjQ t;=ud 17 jk ishjig wh;a fnd| ù hñka ;snQ Ôú; .eg uqodyßk foaj ud;djkaf.a is;a;ula <Õ k;r úh' (Mary, Untier of Knots) jir úiail mQcl Ôú;fha t;=ud uqyqK ÿka wr.," Ôú; wvqmdvqlï" fm!reI;aj ÿ¾j,;d .ek .eUqre ukiaia:dmkhlg fhduq jQfha tys§h' 1992 jif¾ ro.=re ;=ful= f,i wNsfIal lrkq ,nk úg t;=ud ;=<ska úoHdudk jQfha uqvqlal= me,am;a jdiSkaf.a yo Èkd.;a weyqïlka fok iq¨" ixjdoYS,S iy È<skaoka w;r udxY.; jQ tfåfrl=f.a N+ñldjhs' m%ekaisia mdmajykafia ld¾Èk,a fcda¾Ê fn¾f.da,sfhda w.ro.=re ;=ud f,i tjlg ;u w.ro.=re ueÿfrka wNskslauka fldg ^iqj myiqj w;ayer&" ÿmam;=ka nyq, m%foaYhl ksjil l=,S ldurhla ;u f.or lr.;a fial' ;udf.a lEu îu ;ud u msi .;af;ah' fn¾f.da,sfhda ld¾Èk,a ;=ud k.rfha oreKqu l,dmj, ießierefõh' frday,aj, taâia frda.Ska ;=re¿ lr.;af;ah' WoHdk nxl=j, ys|f.k .Ksldjkag ijka ÿkafkah' Tjqkag mõ ludfõ m%ido ksOdkh odkh lf<ah' fjiaj,df.k me,am;a jdiSkaf.a fm<md,sj,g iyNd.s jQfhah' ish msh;=ful=g ;¾ckh l< u;aøjH jHdmdßlfhl=g tfrysj keÕS isáfhah' 2013 ud¾;= 13 jk Èk iqo;=ï msh f,i moú m%dma; jQ t;=udKka f;dard .;af;a fodf<diajk ishjfia b;d,sfha wiSis kqjr Y=oaOjka;hdKka jQ m%ekaisia ;=ukaf.a kduh h' Ok l=fõrfhl=f.a mqf;l= jQ wiSisfha idka; m%ekaisia ;=ud 28

ÿmam;=ka w;r Ôj;a fjñka Tjqkag irK fjñka fidndoyu iuÕ l;dnia lrñka Ôj;a jQfjls' m%ekaisia iqo;=ï mshdKka ta ku f;dardf.k iNdfõ o f,dalfha o wjOdkh ÿmam;=ka fj; fhduq lr,Sh' lf;da,sl iNdj È<s÷ ir, iudchla lr,Sug t;=ud ;u Èúfhka idlaIs orhs' t;=udKkaf.a we÷ï me<÷ï" mdjyka m%lg lrkafka ufyaYdlH .;shla fkdfõ¦ ir," w,afmaÉP" È<s÷ Èúhla .;lsÍug ;sfnk jqjukdjhs' t;=udKka Ôj;a jkafka j;sldkhg meñfKk mQcl meúÈ wuq;a;ka ,e.=ï .kakd ;dkdhï ldurhl h' .uka ìuka hkafka ir, fudag¾ r:hl h' t;=udKka ls%ia;=ka jykafiaf.a Ôú;h yd wkkH ù foaj rdcHfha jákdlï j,g idlaIs orñka ;u le|ùu ;=< Ôj;a fjhs' foaj rdcHh m%ldY lrk ls%ia;=ka jykafia iEu ñksfil=g u t,a, lrk wNsfhda.h ukiia:dmkhhs" yeÍuhs" w;ayeÍuhs'

ukiaia:dmkh yd w;ayeÍu idlÉPd lrkak( 1' wêmßfNdackjd§ iudch wmj ;DIaKdNß; mqoa.,hka lrhs' Tn Bg wjÈo@ 2' iq¿ msßila wê iqfLdamfNda.S Ôú;hla .; lr;a§ fndfyda rd;S%kaj, ñ,shk .Kka ck;djla l=i.skafka kskaog hk nj Tn okakjdo@ 3' —È<s÷ jQ Tn Nd.Hjka;h'˜ iudcfha wd¾Òl m%;sm;a;s j, úIu;djh ksid È<s÷lñka oßø;djfhka ÿlaú¢k ck;dj Wfoid leue;af;ka È<s÷lu je<| .ekSu le|ùuls' iqo;=ï mshdKka wmj wjÈ lrk y~g Tn;a wjÈ fj,do@ 4' ir, Ôú;h" w,afmaÉP Ôú;h È<skaodj ksoyia lrhs¦ wêl Kh nrlska isák wm rg ksoyia lrhs' ;DIaKdNß; 29

mdmNß; ;;a;ajfhka wmj uqojhs' fm!oa.,slj" mjq,la f,i Tn isákafka fudk jf.a ;eklo@ fnod .kak'

ukiaia:dmkh( ) —ukiaia:dmkh jkak˜ hk wdrdOkh fyd| ñksfila ùfuka Tíng wmj le|jk wNsfhda.hls' —ud wkqj tkak˜ hhs ls%ia;=ka jykafia wmj le|jñka fjrf<a fkd/£ ÈhUg Èh;a lrkakg werhqï lrk fial' ) tjeks .eUqre ;,hl ukiaia:dmkhlg wmg Y=oaOd;au iakdmkhla wjYH fjhs' ) tjeks ukiaia:dmkhlg msmdihla" wjxl wdYdjla ;sfí kï ta i|yd Y=oaOd;au iakdmkhla b,a,d hdÉ[d lruq'

.S;sldj ( mqnqÿ .S wxl 3 —wd tkq uefka ''''˜

30

06 jk Èkh

n,h" Okh" udkh flfrys fkd/£ foúhka jykafia flfrys hefmuq' wdmiq ne,Su ( ukiaia:dmkh jQ Ôú;h ienE f,iu ;uka l=vd fjñka iñ|dKka jykafiaj úYd, f,i f,djg úoHdudk lrk Ôú; w;a±lSuls¦ w;ayeÍfï w;a±lSuls¦ ÿn,hd mSä;hd fj; ióm ùfï w;a±lSuls' m%ekaisia iqo;=ï mshdKkaf.a Ôú;fhka ms<sìUq jkafka thhs' Bfha wm ÿgq t;=ukaf.a Ôú;fhka m%ldY jQ úúO me;slvhka ms<sn|j idlÉPd lruq' tuÕska wmg flfrk wNsfhda.h olsuq'

ojfia iqmqj; ( —udf.a ;ks n,fhka ug lsis;a l< fkdyel˜ ^Y=' cqjdï 5(30& wo ñksid fudk;rï n,hg" Okhg" udkhg lEor ù weoao hkak wm foaYh foi n,oa§ fudkjg meyeÈ,s fõ' mdmfhka yukakdjQ ÿ.| fjkqjg ñksid N=la;s ú¢kakg W;aidy lrkafka tys wd;aud¾:fhka kef.k iq.kaOhhs' tan%yï ,skalka ckdêm;s ;=ud weußld tlai;a ckmoh jeks úYd, rgla ;udg lsisfia;a ;u n,fhka md,kh l< fkdyels nj f;areï .;af;a h' isú,a hqoaOh mej;s iufha Èkla t;=udf.a ñ;%fhla Tyq neye±lSug meñKsfha h' hqoaOfha nrm;,lñka Tyq f;fyÜgqjg m;a ù isáfha h' Tyqg fnod .ekSugj;a fkdyels úh' Tyq Oj, uka§rfha ckdêm;s ;=udf.a ldurh fj; l%ula l%ufhka md ke.Sh' ldurh ;=<ska ishqï y~la weisKs' Tyq fyñysg ldurfha fodr újD; lf<ah' Tyq ÿgqfõ ;udj úYaum;a lrk o¾Ykhls' ckdêm;s ;=ud bÈßfha újD; lrk ,o Y=oaO nhsn,h ;nd ;snqKs' tys oK .id f.k foaj jpkh bÈßfhys hdÉ[d lrkjd Tyq ÿgqfõh' 31

ta hdÉ[dj kï fufiah ( —wfyda foú÷ks" tod rd;s%fh;a fidf,duka rc;=ud m%{dj b,a,d y~ñka Tn jykafiag hdÉ[d l, úg Tn jykafia Tyqg ijka ÿka fial' Tn jykafiaf.a msysg Wmldr fkdue;sj ug foaYhg uÕfmkaúh fkdyelsh' udf.a lkak,õjg ijka § udf.a foaYh .,jd .; uekj'˜ n,h" Okh" udkh /l .ekSu i|yd wm foaYfhys md,lhka wo ´kEu fohla lsÍug iQodkï ù isà' mdial= breÈk ;%ia; m%ydrh j,lajd .ekSug lghq;= fkdlsÍu fuhg lÈu ksoiqkla fkdfõo@ ksjerÈ foa l<fyd;a ug n,hg meñKsh fkdyels h' n,h fkd,enqkfyd;a ug ck;djf.a f.!rjh fkd,eî hhs' ^tys m%;sM,h f,i úúO ud¾.j,ska uqo,a fld,a, lkakg o nerej hdù hkak wo foaYmd,{hska we;=¿j úúO ck fldgiaj, w;a±lSuhs'& md,lhka ;=< úúO n,Odßka ;=< muKla fkdj idudkH ck;dj ;=<g o ¥IKh i`oyd hlaIhd ßx.d f.k we;s njla fmfka' mdrf;dfÜ" ld¾hd,j," wdmkYd,dj, wm ,nd .;a fiajhg fyda Woõjlg .;uka tlla' ;E.s uqo,la §fuka wfma uq¨ iudchu ¥IKh lrkafka keoa o@

wm fÊiqia jykafia fj; fk;a fhduq lruq' mQ¾K ñksfila jQ fÊiqia jykafia mßlaIdjg ,la lsÍug id;ka m%n, W;aidyhl fhÿkd kï idudkH ukqIHhkaj id;ka mßlaId fkdlr isà o@ n,h" Okh" udkh hk ;s%úO mßlaIdj,g md¿lrfha§ hlaIhd fÊiqia jykafiaj ,la lsÍug ±ä W;aidyhl fhÿks' fcd¾odka kÈfha§ ls%ia;=ka jykafia w;aÿgq foaj mq;%Ndjh Wÿrd ±óug W! .;a W;aidyh lsisúfgl;a md¿lrhg muKla iSud fkdù h' th l=rei .i olajdu .uka lf<ah' tys§ hlaIhd mrdch úh' urKh urñka 32

fÊiqia jykafia ch.%dyS W;a:dkh lrd .uka .;a fial' fÊiqia jykafiaf.a fï uyd ch.%yKfha ryi l=ula ùo@

lKavdhï idlÉPdj ( Y=' uf;õ 4(1-11 olajd lshjkak' ta uyd ch.%yKhg bjy,a jQ fÊiqia jykafia ;=< ;snQ ,laIK fudkjd±hs fnod .kak'

ud fj;g ( ^fm!oa.,sl Ndjkdjla& ) fÊiqia jykafia mshdKka jykafiaf.a fma%ufhka ^Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafiaf.ka& msÍ isá fial' udf.a w;a±lSu l=ula o@ ) fÊiqia jykafia ms%hdor mq;%hdfKda foúhka jykafiaf.a fma%uhg jYS ù isá fial' tmuK m%udKhg mshdKka jykafiaf.a leue;a; l=rei .i olajdu bgq l< fial' Tnf.a w;a±lSu flfia o@ ) fÊiqia jykafia n,h" Okh" udkh flfrys lsis úfgl;a hemqfka ke;' ta fjkqjg ;u mshdKka jykafia flfrys hemqkq fial' Tnf.a w;a±lSu flfiao@ wms ukiaia:dmkh fjuq" yefruq" kj foaYhla lrd .uka lruq'

.S;sldj ( ls;=kq .S wxl 61 —uy lreKd u;ska Tfí''''˜ lKavdhï ;=< n,h m;d tlsfkldg hdÉ[d lrkak'

33

07 jk oji

kj foaYhla olskakg ukiaia:dmkfha n,h w;aolsuq wdmiq ne,Su ( ukqIH n,h flfrys fkd/£ ^n,h" Okh" udkh& foúhka jykafiaf.a yia;fha t,a,Sug ;SrKh l< ñksfil= jk tan%yï ,skalka ckdêm;s;=udf.a Ôú;h foi n,uq' n,kak ;u foaYh wdf,dalh lrd /f.k hdug Tyqf.a ukiaia:dmkh" yeÍu fld;rï n,md weoao@ wm foaYfha kdhlhskaf.a wd.ñl miqìu l=ula o@

ojfia iqmqj; ( l,algdfõ Y=' f;f¾id uõ;=ñh —f,dfrfgda wm iajdñ¥jf.a meúÈ fidhqßhkaf.a˜ ksldfha meúÈjßhl jYfhka O¾u úfõlhla i|yd hñka isáh§ ;ukaf.a meúÈ nj fkdj" lrk fiajh fjkia lrkakg n, lrk y~la we;=,dka;fhka ;ukag weiqKq nj miqodl weh i|yka l<dh' ;uka isá meúÈ ksldfha wOHd;añl rduqfjka msg ÿla ú¢k ñksiqka w;r mejÈjßhl f,i fiajh lrkakg ;uka le|jk nj wehg wjfndaO úh'

Y=' uf;õ 25(35-36 lshjkak' —ukao uu id.sks j isáfhñ ¦ Tn ug lkak ÿkakyq h' msmdid ù isáfhñ¦ Tn ug fndkak ÿkakyq h' wd.ka;=l j isáfhñ ¦ Tn ud f.org ms<s .;a;yq h' jia;% ke;sj isáfhñ¦ Tn ug jia;% ÿkakyq h' frda.d;=r j isáfhñ¦ Tn ud n,d .;a;yq h' ysr f.or isáfhñ¦ Tn ud n,kak wdjyq hzhs iñ|dfKdaa jodrK fial' 34

f;f¾id uõ;=ñhf.a wjÈùu iqrlaIs;Ndjfhka yd i;=fgka f.jq" wdrdu Ôú;fhka neyer ú uy uÕg wefokakgh' uqvqlal=j," uxudj;aj, isák wirK wh ;=< ;ks jq ls%ia;=ka jykafiaj W;a:dk lsßug h' ls%ia;=ka jykafia fjkqfjka uy u.g nei kj ud¾.hlg t;=ñh m%úIaG jQjdh' yskaÿ Nla;slhkaf.a wka;jdÈ u;su;dka;r j,ska hgú ;snqKq bkaÈhdjg fï mqxÑ isrerla iys; ia;s%h wdf,dalhla jqjdh' uq¿ bkaÈhdjg wdf,dalhla /f.k wdjdh' ls%ia;=ka jykafia yd ;snq iïnkaO;djh ;=< isÿ jq is;ayeÍfï n,h weh f.ka úysÿfkah' l,algdfõ t;=ñh fiajh wrUoaÈ w;ayer oukq ,enqjka udj;aj, ñhefoñka isá ld,hls' ÿmam;=kaf.;a ÿmam;=ka mÈl fõÈldj, bme§ ðj;a jq tl, orejka uqvqlal=j, w;rux lr ±uq ld,hls' ,dÿre frda.Ska yd iqj l< fkdyels frda.j,ska msvd ú¢k frda.ska' udj;aj, ñheÿkq ld,hls' tjeks jq m%foaYhlghs iñ|dKka wehj fiajhg le|jd ;snqfka' t;=ñh tu ck;djg fiajh lsßu i|yd werUq ksjdihg úreoaOj ta wi, fldaúf,a m%Odk mqcl ;=uka ck;dj Wis.kajoa§ ;¾ck .¾ck úfrdaO;d" .,a uq,a jreId ueoafoa t;=ñh Tjqka ueog wNS;j .shdh' fmd,sia flduidßia ;=ud ta .ek mshjrla .eksug bÈßm;a úh' Èkla t;=ud tu ia:dkh mßlaId lsßug meñfKoaÈ b;du;a widOH ;;a;ajfha miq jQ frda.sfhl=g f;f¾id uõ;=ñh Wmia:dk lrñka isákjd ÿgqfõh' frda.shdf.a weÕ mqrd ;=jd, jK le<e,a ;snq w;r ÿ¾.kaOh jykh úh' by| mkqjka msgdrd .,ñka ;sìKs' t;=ñh fï ÿ¾.,kaOh bjid isákafka flfia±hs okafka foúhka jykafia muKs' fï w;r t;=ñhj tu ia:dkfhka fkrmd yeßug meñK isá ;reKhka msßila weh lrk lghq;= foi n,d isákakg úh' Tjqka ÿgq fmd,sia flduidßia —ux Tfya,g fmdfrdkaÿjla ÿkakd" 35

fï ldka;dj fuhska bj;a lrkjd lsh,d' uu tal lrkak iqodkï' yenehs uu tfyu lrkak biafi,a,d Tfya,d ;uka,df.a wïu,d iy ifydaorhka ,jd weh lrk jev lghq;a; lrjkak ´fka' Bg miafia uu uf.a n,h fhdokakï' ;reKfhda ;=IaksïN+;j isáfhdah' wjidkfha t;=ñhf.a fiajd ia:dkhg frda.ska yd wkd:hka mgjd f.k fmd,sisfha jdyk;a tkakg úh' ;j;a wjia:djl ñh.sh úfgl fuka ñksfil= ìu je;sr isáfhah' wd;=rhd n%yauK jxYslhska m<¢k mdßY=oaO kq,a mg ;=kla Tyqf.a Wßysi jgd me<| isáfhah' Tyq fldaúf,a mqclfhls' Tyq w,a,kakg ljqre;a ìh jqy' Tyq fld,rd frda.fhka fm,S isáfhah' f;f¾id uõ;=ñh wd;=rhd ;ukag ;=re,a lr .;a;dh' ;ukaf.a wdh;khg Tyq f.kú;a Èjd ? Tyqg Wjgeka lrkakg .;a;dh' Tyq urKfhka .e<úKs' ta iuÕ yskaÿ wka;jdÈkaf.ka t;=ñhg ;snQ mSvd iuh wjidk úh' t;=ñhf.a we;=,dka; n,h bkaÈhdj jeks rglg fldmuK n,mefõo h;a t;=ñhf.a wjika lghq;= i|yd ksi, foayh ;ekam;a lr ;snq idka; f;dauia wfmdaia;=¿jrhdKkag lem l< foõueÿf¾ isg fk;dð ls%vdx.kh olajd ls'ó' 5la ÿr f.jd .sh .ukg Wmydr olajkakg ck .Õla .,d ú;a ;snqKs' iqjdiqoyila ck;djf.a fida iqiqï ueo wjika .uka .sh f;f¾id uõ;=ñhf.a foayhg uy;aud .dkaê" cjy,a ,d,a fkare jeks iïNdjksh bka§h kdhlhkag .re nqyquka ±laúfïÈ fhdod .kakd ld, ;=jlal= .e,msg újD; fokl ;ekam;a lr ls%vdx.khg f.k hk ,È' foú mshdKka jykafiag ndr lsÍfï heÿï wjidkfha .=¾ld fyajdhka wdpdr fjä uqr 32la ;nd wjika lvq,a, rdj m%;srdj kÕk úg bkaÈhdfõ pdß;%dkql+, Ocfhka jik ,o fok ñysoka jqfhah' t;=ñhg wjika f.!rjh ±laùu i|yd rgj,a úYd, .Kkl rdcH kdhlhka yd iïNdjksh wuq;a;ka iyNd.s úh' 36

fï mqxÑ .eyeKshf.a is;ayeÍug fu;rï n,mE yels kï fï ,la foaYh j;aufka mj;sk w÷re ;;a;ajfhka kj foaYhla lrd f.k hdug uf.a yd Tnf.a ukiaia:dmkh" mqoa.,hka f,i yeßu b;d wjYHhh' uf.a ukiaia:dmkh fï foaYhg n,mE yelsh' uf.a ukiaia:dmkh uf.a foaYh kj foaYhla lsßug bjy,a jkjd fkdwkqudkh'

ukiaia:dmkh yd yeÍu ( ) Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafia ug yefrkakg fmkajd fok m%foaY fudkjdo@ uf.a Ôú;h ;=< ukiaia:dmkh úh hq;= me;s fudkjdo@ - wdl,amuh jYfhka - we;=,dka;fha iqj úh hq;= me;s - wka wh yd iïnkaO;d meje;aúfï neß Ndjhka - wdOHd;añl Ôú;h ;=< ) ud w;ayeßh hq;= hehs Y=oaOd;auhdKka W.kajk foaj,a ;sfío@ ta fudkjdo@ yels kï fnod .kak'

.S;sldj ( mqnqÿ .S wxl 291 —yefrkak iqmqreÿ .uk kj;ajd ''''˜

37

08 jk oji

ksjy,a jQ kj foaYhlg wmj Tijk ienE ukiaia:dmkh' wdmiq ne,su ( Y=' f;f¾id uõ;=ñh lkHdrduhla ;=< iefmka yd i;=fgka .eUqre iqrlaIs;Ndjhla iys;j .; l< Ôú;h w;ayer uy uÕg neiafia t;=ñh ;u Ôú;h lem l< ls;= iñ|dKka fmkajd ÿka kj udj;g m%úIaG ùu i|ydh' ta ukiaia:dmkhls' foaj rdcHh Wfoid kj udj;lg yeßuls' ukiaia:dmkh hk jpkfha .eUqrg lsñfokakg Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafia Tnj $ udj iam¾Y lr ;sfí' Tn wjÈ fj,do@ bv Èug iqodkï o@

ojfia iqmqj; ( ienE ukiaia:dmhla ;=<ska isÿjk tla mqoa.,fhl=f.a Ôú; yeÍula¦ iuQ,sl mßKdukhla" kj jrm%id§h Ôú;hlg wmg fodr.=¿ újr lrhs' tjeks mqoa.,hdg" mjq,g" óiug ix>hg" iNdjg" foaYhg" uq¿ f,dalhgu l< yels n,mEu w;S uy;ah' th fndfyda mqoa.,hskag hï foaYhl" iudchl wrdð; ;;a;ajhg b;d m%n, n,mEula jkakd fiau úYd, wNsfhda.hla o fõ' f,dal b;sydifha úúO lafIa;% ;=< tjeks pß; wmg olakg ,efí' Wod(- tan%yï ,skalka" uy;aud .dkaê" fk,aika uekafv,d" Y=' f;f¾id uõ ;=ñh" Y=' 23jk cqjdï mdma jykafia" j¾:udk wm Y=' m%ekaisia mdma;=uka" wm wdor iajdñ ;d;a;d'''' ls;=kqjka ;=< muKlau fkdj wkHd.ñlhka ;=< jqjo Ôú;fha flÈkl fyda isÿjQ fmr<shla ksid ;uka woyk O¾ufha yrhg .uka lsÍu u.ska tu n,mEu iudchg f,dalhg Tjqkaf.a Ôú; yryd isÿ ù we;'

38

ls;= ok mqnqÿj f,i fï;dla wd .ufka úúO wjia:djkaj,§ th wm w;a±lSu ù we;' úúO wdl,am" u;su;dka;r ±rE mqoa.,hka W.;a" kQ.;a" È<s`ÿ" fmdfydi;a wh úúO weìneyslïj,g jy,a jQ" mdmsIaG Ôú; .; l< wh jQj;a ienE ukia:dmkhla ;=<ska jQ Ôú; fmr<sh wNsfhda.d;aulh' ta wh ;=<ska mjq,g" ix>hg" iudchg" foaYhg jQ n,mEu" hym; b;d iqúfYaIs fõ' 1932 uehs ui 28 jk Èk iSÿj .ïudkfha Wmka fvksia ;d;a;d b;d ksyv" Rcq" ir, mqoa.,fhl= fukau iajNdjfhkau ;o pß;hla njo t;=udf.a ióm;uhka m%ldY lrhs' tfy;a t;=uka mqnqÿ w;a±lSu yryd ls;= iñ`ÿka yuqùu;a iu`. isÿjQ ienE ukiaia:dmkhla" Ôú; fmr<shla u.ska m%ldY jQ n,.;= idlaIs ±Íu fld;rïoh;a Tyqf.a Ôú;fha jQ ls;=kq jákdlï n,mE tajd wNsfhda.hla jQ fndfyda fokd wo;a ta njg idlaIs orhs' fy< l,djg;a" Y=' iNdjg;a" wm foaYhg;a" ls;= ok mqnqÿjg;a Tyq ;u Ôú; wdo¾Yfhkau l< ksy;udkS fiajh fu;rï hehs lshd ksu l< fkdyelsh' wm fuys§ Tyq l< fiajhg jvd t;=udf.a Ôú; idlaIs ±Íu ms<sn`oj jeä wjOdkhla fhduq lruq' mjqf,a whg mjd uy;a m%Yakhla jQ Tyqf.a b;d ksyv iajNdjh l%ufhka .eUqre idx>Sl Ôú;hlg mßj¾:kh úh' f,dl=" l=vd ldyg;a isky uqiq uqyqKska f,ka.;= jQfha lsisÿ fíohlska f;drj ksryxldrj ;uka fY%aIaG" mßK; l,dlrefjl= njo mfil,dh' f.or fodr¦ uq¿;ekaf.hs" j;af;a msáfha jev lghq;=o Tyq w;ska isÿúh' tu.ska ;u wdorKSh ìß`og iyh úh' mßirhg wdorh l<" ueú,a, ;=<ska foaj wdorh w;aÿgq Tyq foaYSh foa w.h lf<ah' lsisod foaYmd,khg .e;s fkdjQ" mr.e;s Ñka;kh mfilÆ Tyq lsisod ñ, uqo,a" f,!lSl foaj,a miqmi yUd fkd.sh ir," pdï m%;sm;a;s.rel mqoa.,fhla úh' 39

;u ish¨ yelshdjka foaj uysuh" foaj rdcH i`oyd uefrk ;=reu fhoùh' Y=oaOd;au fufyhùu ;=< iEu Èklau wdrïN lf<a heÿfuka ls;= iñ`ÿka yd taldnoaO fjñks' Èkla Tyq {dkd¾: m%§mh mqj;am;a idlÉPdfõ§ mjid isáfha —ls;= iñ`ÿka t;=ukaf.a tlu iñ`odKka nj;a ieuod ta fjkqfjka Èú f.jk nj;ah'˜ Tyqf.a .eUqre weoys,a, ;u mjq,g wNsfhda.hla úh' Ôú; m%Yak wr., yuqfõ lror fkdù ikaiqkaj foaj yia;h u; hemqKs' ;u wdrKSh ìß`of.a yDo jia;=fõ l< Y,Hl¾ufha§o" weh foú`ÿ ;=re,a,g hk fudfydf;a o Tyq frda.Sj isá úgo Tyqf.a w;a±lSu thu úh' ls;=kq wkHd. ñl ieug ;u l,d lafIa;%h ;=<o ienE iyDofhla jQfha wdo¾Yu;a ls;=kqfjl= f,ih' iuyre Tyqj ye`ÈkajQfha mkais,a rlsk lf;da,slfhl= f,ih' .re iïudk" W;aij fõÈld t;rï m%sh fkdl< Tyq iudc ;;a;ajh" m%isoaêh" lS¾;sh fidhd fkd.sfhah' ksy`vj tfy;a uyd fiajhla l< Tyq w§k YS% ,dxlsl mq;%fhls' úfYaIfhka ix.S; fiajdj ;=< l=vdu flkdf.ka mjd tk jpkhg ijka ÿka Tyq th ms<s.ekSug ;rï neyem;aúh' ÿ¾j,hdj ks;ru ffO¾hu;a lrñka bÈßhg hkakg Èß ÿkafkah' wks;a wh Tyq Wfoid W;aij" fõÈld" ixhqla; ;eá ksl=;a l<o ñh hk ;=reu fm!oa.,slj .S fyda .S;sld ixhqla; ;eá ksl=;a fkdlsÍfuka ;ud i;= ish¨ yelshdjka foú`ÿ ÿka nj ksryxldrj m%ldY lf<ah' frda.s jk ;=reu ;u ys;j;=kaf.a úfYaI wjia:d" wjux.,H wjia:djka u`.yeßfha ke;' lsisjla kdia;s fkdlrkakg ;u orejkag mjd b.ekajQfha È<skaodg tluq;= jkakgh' mqnqÿfõ iq/`È^wújdyl jeäysá ;reKshka& fidhqßhkaf.a" iqueÈ^jekaoUq& uõjrekaf.a Èkhg jd¾ISlj iyNd.S ùuo thg idlaIshls' tu Èkfhys jev lghq;= ish,a,u wjika jk ;=re Tjqka yd /§ isáfha mjqf,a flfkl= fuks' 40

wjidk fudfydf;a frda.Sj" frday,a .; l< ú.iu mjid isáfha —;u Y=oaO nhsn,h fldfyao lshdh˜' foaj jpkhg Tyq ;=< jQ wdorh bka fudkjg meyeÈ,s fõ' 2019'6'18 Tyq i`.iem;a m<uq jir imsÍu ksñ;af;ka YS% m%Yxidrdufha mej;s ÈjH hd.fhaÈ Tyqf.a ore fofokd m%ldY lf<a" ;u mshdf.ka ;ukag ,enqKq f,dl=u ohdoh —foaj úYajdih˜ njh' wm wdor iajdñ ;d;a;d m%ldY l< mßÈ —fvksia ;d;a;d ieneúkau mqnqÿjg muKla fkdj" Y=' iNdjg uq¿ foaYhgu uyd ksOdkhls' fvksia ;d;a;df.a Ôú;fhka uq¿ foaYhgu jQ ta uy`.= n,mEu ls;= iñ`ÿka ;=< ienE wjxl ukiaia:dmkfha m%;sM,hls'

ukiaia:dmkh ) Tn /lshdj lrk ;ek" mdif,a" óifï" iudcfha Tnf.a Ôú; jákdlï wka whg idlaIshla o@ ) m%Yak" .eg¨" wr.," wNsfhda.j,g Tn uqyqK fok úg wka wh Tn ;=<ska wdf,dalhla ±l ;sfío@ Tng Tn .ek i;=gq úh yels o@ ) iaj uysuh fkdfidhd foaj uysuh fjkqfjka ls%hd lsÍu ms<sn|j Tnf.a w;a±lSu l=ulao@

.S;sldj mqnqÿ .S wxl 227 —ufyd;a;au iñ|dKfka''''˜

41

09 jk oji

mjq,a wdOHd;añl;ajhg ukiaia:dmkh fjuq wdmiq ne,Su ( idlÉPd lrkak' fnod .kak' ) fvksia ;d;a;df.a Ôú;h Bfha ojfia ug n,mEfõ flfia o lshd fnod .kak'tu pß;h ;=<ska uf.a Ôú; ;=<o ienE f,i fm!oa.,slj is;ayeÍug we;=¿ jkakg ug yels jqkdo@ uf.a yelshdjka uu fufyh jkafka flfia o@

ojfia iqmqj; ( wms fuu ls%ia;=ka jykafia ;=<ska f;dard .;a fikÕla fjuq' tfia jkafka" foúhka jykafia fmr kshu lr.;a ie,eiau f,ig ish,a, isÿ lrk iajlSh wNsm%dh wkqj h' fufia jqfha ls%ia;=ka jykafia ;=<ska m%:ufhka n,dfmdfrd;a;= ,enQ wm Tjqka jykafiaf.a uysufha m%Yxidj i|yd isák msKsi h ' ls;=kq wmf.a Ôú;h foúhka jykafiaf.a uysufha m%Yxidj i|yd úh hq;=h' Tjqka jykafiaf.a uysuh hkq l=ulao@ th wka lsis;a fkdj Tjqka jykafiaf.a ;s%;aúl idx>sl Ôú;hhs' tal;ajfha Ôú;hhs' tfia Ôj;a ùu lvdlmam,a lrkakg ls%hd lrk i;=re n,fõ. ;=kla ;sfnk nj wms oksuq' tkï hlaIhd" f,dalhd iy udxYhhs' fï ;s%úO i;=rka úiska bÈßm;a lrk mßlaIdjka t,a, lrkq ,nkafka —uu" ug" uf.a˜ hkqfjka úia;r l< yels lulgh'

42

idlÉPd lrkak' iajdñ mqreIhd iy Nd¾hdj w;r ''' újdyhg fmr ;u fouõmshka iuÕ mej;s Ôú; w;a±lSu iuÕ ±ka mj;sk ;;a;ajh" ixikaokh lsßula isÿ fõo@ ^lEu ìu" f.or jev" rdcldßh" .uka ìuka" hq;=lï" whs;ska" ,enqkq wdorh iy ms<s.ekSu& ) ) ) )

wfkldj wkHh jq fjkia flfkla nj f;areï .kakjdo@ jerÿkq nj f;areï .;a miq iudj .eksug miqng jkjdo@ wfkldf.a ÿfla§ fõokdfõ§ ixfõÈ ùu flfia o@ wfkldf.a ÿn,lfï§ Tyq $weh fjkqfjka fmkS isáug bÈßm;a fkdùu iy ;j;a foa .ek l:d lrkak' ) fouõmshka iy orejka w;r;a ifydaor ifydaoßhka w;r;a mjq,a ;=< fNaoìkak úï ;sfío@

isáh hq;= ;ekg yefruq'''' Y=' uf;õ 18(19-20 lshjkak' tluq;= jk ;ek Ôjudk jq ls%ia;=ka jykafia - foúhka jykafia jev isák fial'

m%dfhda.sl ùu ( Tn Tnf.a ìß|$ iajdñ mqreIhd iuÕ in|;d meje;aùfï§ Tnf.a mjqf,a mjq,alu ;=< foaj iajrEmh /l .eksug kï" Tn ms<smeÈh hq;= ls%hd mámdáhla we;' fï ls%hd mámdáh wmg fhdackd lrkafka wmf.a Y=oafOda;a;u m%ekaisia mdma jykafia h' ta ls%hd mámdáh mjqf,a $ ix>fha ;j;a flfkla iuÕ .kq fokq lsÍfï§ a Ndú;d l< hq;= jpk 3ls' ta mshjr ;=k kï ( 1' ug wjir o@ 2' Tng ia;+;shs 3' ug iudjkak

01' ug wjir o@ ;j;a flfkl=f.a Ôú;hg we;=,a ùug wjYH jq úg ta flkdf.ka wjirhla ,nd .eksu fofokd w;r úYajdikSh nj 43

iy f.!rjh ;yjqre lr .eksug uy;a rel=,la ùu ksh; h' fÊiq iñ|dKka jykafiaf.a wdo¾Yhg wms ijka fouq' —fukak" uu fodr <Õ isg ;Ügq lrñ' hfula udf.a y~ wid fodr wßkafka kï uu we;=¿ ù' Tyq iuÕ lEu lkafkñ' Tyq o ud iuÕ lEu lkafka h˜ ^t<sorõj 3(20& Tn ;j;a flfkl=f.a Ôú;hg we;=¿ jk wjia:djka fudkjdoehs l:d lrkak'

02' Tng ia;+;shs' kQ;k iudcfha isákakka yg lD;{;djfha yoj;la ke;' ;ukag ,efnk ish,a, ;ukaf.a whs;shla f,i i,l;s' ia;+;sjka; Ndjh hkq f.!rjKSh wNHka;rhla kue;s ireìula ;=< jefvk wk¾>jq me,Eáhls' ta f.!rjKSh wNHka;rh kue;s ire ìu foúhka jykafiaf.ka fkdñf,a ,efnk wkq.%yhls' th wm úiska ms<sf.k /l n,d f.k j¾Okh lr.; hq;af;uq' fÊiq iñ÷ka ia;+;sjka; Ndjh w.h lrk fial' Y=' ¨la 17(17-18 lshjd idlÉPd lrkak'

03' ug iudjkak' Tn w;ska Tnf.a mjqf,a flfkl=g fõokdjla we;s jq úg Tyqf.a $wehf.a uqyqK n,d —ug iud jkak˜ hhs lSu myiq ke;' fÊiq iñ|dKka jykafiag wms ijka fouq' Y=' uf;õ 5(23-24 lshjkak' idlÉPd lrkak' fyg oji mqrd by; jpk Ndú;d lsßug Wkkaÿ fjkak'

.S;sldj ( mqnqÿ .S 207 —huq wms tf.dvg'''˜ 44

10 jk oji

mjq, ms<sn`o foaj ie,eiaug yefruq( wdmiq ne,Su ( ) mjq,a Ôú;fha tlsfkld w;r ^iajdñ mqreIhd-ìß|" orejka fouõmshka" ifydaor- ifydaoßhka& ;sfnk in|;d ms<sn|j wmg iEySulg m;a úh yelso@ ) Y=oafOda;a;u msh;=ud mjq, ;=< in|lï meje;aùfï§ wmg Woõ lr .ekSug bÈßm;a lr we;s ls%hdmámdáh ^mshjr 3& ms<sn|j oji mqrd wjÈ ùug yelsùo@ ) mjqf,a tluq;=lu ì÷kq wjia:d fjkqfjka ukiaia:dmkh ùug yd iudj b,a,d iu.s ùug yelsùo@

ojfia iqmqj; ( —foúhka jykafia ;u iajrEmh wkqj ñksid uejQ fial¦ foúhka jykafiaf.a u iajrEmh wkqj Tjqka ujd jod< fial¦ mqreIhd o ia;S%h o jYfhka Tjqka uejq fial'˜ ^W;am;a;s 1(27& foúhka jykafiaf.a iajrEmh m%n,ju m%ldY jkafka ia;S%h yd mqreIhd ;=< újdyh ud¾.fhks' újdy il%fïka;=j ;=< tlu udxYhla jk ia;%Sh yd mqreIhd ffjjdyl iïnkaO;djh ;=< tu tlu udxYfha n,.;=u w;a±lSug we;=¨ fõ' foúhka jykafia Y=' ;%s;ajhls' jykafia,d ;=ka fofkls" wkkH;djhka ;=kla jqj;a jykafia,d ;=ka fokd tlaflfkla lrkafka fm%auhhs' ia;%Sh mqreIhd tlaflfkla lrkafka fm%auhhs' —foúhka jykafia ;u iajrEmh wkqj ñksid uejq fial' ''' mqreIhd o ia;S%h o jYfhka uejQ fial' ffjjdyl fm%auh fjkia 45

fkdlrk wkaoug fofokd m;aùuhs" ta fm%Aufha m%;sm,hhs ore M, ,eîu' wms ukiaia:dmkh úh hq;af;a fofokd tlalrk tal;ajhlg le|jQ Ôú;h wms ì‘of.k ;sfnkjdo@ thg ukia:dmkh úh hq;=h' ffjjdyl fm%Auh ,sx.sl;ajhu i`oyd muKla fkdfõ' fofokd Ôú;dka;h olajd tal;ajhlaj isàughs' ) ta fm%auh m%;slafIam fldg tlsfkld fjk fjk wh iu. hEuhs mdmhls' ) Èlalidoh ) wkshï in`o;d ) tlsfkld wka wh bÈßmsg fy<d ±lSu' úfõpkh lsÍu ms<sn`o ukiaia:dmkh úh hq;=h' ) ,sx.sl w;jrh ksid ) iu,sx.sl iïnkaO;d foaj ie,eiau fkdfõ' ) újdy fmdfrdkaÿ lv lsÍu' mqreIhd f,i Ndr .ekSu ìß`o f,i wjidkh olajd Ndr .kakjd lshd ÿka fmdfrdkaÿj lv lsÍu .ek ukiaia:dmkh ùu' ) iEu mjq,lau fï ms,sn`oj ukiaia:dmkh jk ;rug kj foaYhla lrd msúsiSug wmg yelsjkq we;'

isáh hq;= ;ekg yefruq' wo Èk f;audfjka wmg fok wdf,dalhg wjÈfjuq' foúhka jykafia wmg f.!rj lr we;af;a Tjqka jykafiaf.a iajrEmhg idlaIS ±Íug le`oùula odkh lsÍfuks' tkï woDIHudk ;S%;ajhla jQ Tjqka jykafiaf.a iajrEmfha oDIHudk ms<sìUqjla ùugh' jykafia,d ;sfofkla jqj;a jevisákafka tlu foúhka jykafiahs' 46

fyg oji mqrd foõhka jykafia ;=< mjq,a Ôú;h ms<sn`o ;sfnkakdjQ isyskhg hdÉ[dj ;=< wjÈ jkak' hqj<la f,i Tn iy Tnf.a iyldßh $ iyldrhd ;=< Tnf.a újdyh ms<sn`o Tng ;sfnkakdjQ isyskfhka ta ms<sn`o foúhka jykafiag ;sfnkakdjQ isyskhg m¾j¾:kh lr .eksug mshjr .ekSu' ta io`yd kej; kej;;a wo f;audfõ foaj jpkhg fhduqùu' Tn mjqf,a orefjla kï Tnf.a fouõmshkag by; isyskh whs;slr .ekSu uq,alrf.k n,.;= f,i ueÈy;a ùu'

.S;sldj ( mqnqo .S wxl 136 —tlu .uklska˜

47

11 jk oji

—ksod isák Tn wjÈ jkak¦ Ôj;a jk ms<sfj, .ek b;d ie<ls<su;a jkak'˜ wdmiq ne,Su ( isxydikfhka uyd y`vla fufia lshkq weiSñ( —fukak" foúhka jykafiaf.a jdiNjkh ukqIHhka iu`. h' Tjqka jykafia Tjqka iu`. jdih lrk fial' Tjqyq Tjqka jykafiaf.a fik`. jkafkda h' foúhka jykafia u Tjqka iu`. jev jiñka" Tjqkaf.a foõhka jykafia jk fial' ^t,sorõj 21(3& újdy il%fïka;=jg wkql+,j Ôj;a fjoa§ wm w;r isÿ fjkakdjQ mqÿudldr m%d;syd¾hh kï foúhka jykafia wm iu. jdih lsßug kej;Suh' wm mjq, foúhka jykafiaf.a jdiNjkhhs' ) Tn mjq, ;=< Tn fuh w;a±l ;sfnkjdo@ ) fujeks mjq,la foaYhg fudk;rï wdf,dalhla o@ wmf.a ish¿u lf;da,sl mjq,a fuu w;a±lSug <.d jqjfyd;a kj foaYhla lrd YS% ,xldj /f.k hdug wmg yelsjkq we;'

ojfia iqmqj; ( foúhka jykafiaf.a fma%uh m%ldY lrk fyd|u ;ek mjq,hs' Y=oaOjQ ;s%;ajfha iïnkaO;djh fokq - ,nk nef|k fma%uh hs' fï fma%uh nkaOkh lrkqfha nef|kakg i,iajkqfha Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafia fyj;a fma%uhdfKda h' fï fma%uhdKkaj wmg fok f,i ls%ia;= ka jykafia hdÉ[d l< fial' tfy;a Tjqka jykafiaj wm u; je.srefka ls%ia;=ka jykafiaf.a l=reish u; Ôú; mqcdfjks' thska wmg W.kajkafka wmf.a le|ùu" Ôú; mQcdfjka fma%u lsÍug njh' hd.sl fjñka fma%u lsßug" iudj §ug" ÿn,lï j,g wdorh lsÍug 48

Y=oaOd;auhdKka yd ud iïnkaO jk m%udKhg ug n,h ,efí' ksrka;r wjÈùu Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafia w;±lSug" Tjqka jykafiaf.ka msfrkakg wmg jrm%idofha Èh we,a,ls' mjq,la n¢kq ,nkafka tlsfkld ;=<ska m%ldY jk wdorh u.sks' fma%uh wmj iam¾Y lroaÈ wmj ukiaia:dmkhg fhduq lrjhs' wms mjq, ;=< wm tlsfkld yiq ù isák wêl fm<öu ^>kh& u;o ls%hd lrkafka@ we;=,dka; ;=jd," uq,a w.=K mõj,ska o ls%hd lrkafka@ tfukau w;S; u;lhka" isoaëka mjq,la f,i Ôj;a ùfï§ wmj fufyhjkq ,nkafka o@ ksjfia mqreIhdf.a md,kh fyda ìß|f.a md,kh kï ;sfnkafka tl tl orejdf.a wkkH;djh" ;f,ka;= wkqjo w.h lrkafka" wdorh lrkafka@ fufkys lrkak'

w;a±lSula ( tla;rd mjq,l jeäuy,a fidhqßh bf.kSfï w;s olaIh' jdr úNd. j,È by<ska ,l=Kq .ksñka Wiia iu¾:hla fmkakqï l<dh' wef.a nd, fidhqßhf.a ,l=Kq uÜgu b;d wvq nj weh ÿgq úg ;u ke.Kshg ;rjgq lf<a weh Wkkaÿ lsßfï woyiskah' ke.Ksh thska úlaIsma;j isáoa§ th ÿgq mjqf,a mshd jeäuy,a ÈhKshg ;rjgq lrñka zÿfõ WU m<fjkshd jqkdg ug i;=gqhs' ta jqKdg kx.sg' kx.s fjkak §mka Z lshñka ;u nd, ÈhKshj Tijd f.k ;=re¿ lrf.k wdorh m%ldY lrkakg úh' tl tl orejdf.a fjkia nj wjfndaO lr .ksñka tu mshd wdorh olajk wkaou fudk ;rï lÈuo@ fma%uhg mgyeksj wmf.a mjq, ;=< lghq;= isÿ fõ kï th mjq, ;=< ukiaia:dmkhg fya;=jla úh hq;=h'

49

Y=' udla 10(7-9 lshjkak' fofokd tlaflfkla lrkafka wfkHdkH fma%uhhs' újdyh ;=< fofofkl= tla flfkl= lrñka we;s lrk nkaOkfha uq,sl fya;=j wfkHdkH fma%uhhs' wks;a ish¿ ldrKd oaú;Sh fõ' fï fma%uhg ndOd jk ,laIK iuyr úg wmf.a ixiald;sl n,mEfuka úh yelsh' ^mjq,lg fouõmshkaf.ka isÿjk muK blaujd hk w;fmùï& ñksia fma%ufha .eUqreu nj yuqjkafka ñ;=rka w;rj;a odrl fma%ufhaj;a hï ldrKhla Wfoid we;s lemùu ;=<j;a fkdj" újdyl fma%uh ;=< nj i;Hhls' fï wiu iu fma%uh fofofkl= tlaflfkl= lrhs' tneúka foúhka jykafia tla l< wh ukqIHhd fjka fkdflf¾jd hs jodrK iñ|dKka tu wfkHdakH fma%uh fjka l< yels lsisu fohla fkd;sìh yels nj ;yjqre lrhs' ìß| mqreIhd w;r .eUqre mlaImd;s fma%uhg mgyeksj wkshï in|;d mj;ajk wh" ìß| .ek mqreIhd .ek ;eka ;ekaj, wka wh iuÕ úfõpkd;aulj l:d lrk wh yd mjq,l ne£ï ì| ouk udkisl ;;a;ajhka mrïmrd.; is;=ú,s ^>kh& ìß| yd mqreIhd f,i fma%u lsÍug ndOd jk ish¿ foa .ek wjÈ úh hq;=h' wd;añlj" YdÍßlj" udkislj mjq,a iqjm;a jqjfyd;a iNdjg" f,dalhg isÿl< yels n,mEu w;S iqúYd,h' wo YS% ,xldfõ lf;da,sl mjq,a ixLHdj wkqj fï Ndjkdjg mjq,a 2000la iyNd.s jqjfyd;a Tjqka fï wdldrfha iqjhla w;a±lafld;a wmg iqjm;a jq kj foaYhla lrd hd fkdyels o@

idlÉPd lrkak' ) wmf.a mjq,aj, ;;a;ajh .ek l:d lrkak' ^mjqf,a tal;ajh@ hyka yE,a,@ tlg tlaj wdydr .ekSu@& 50

) fouõmshkaf.a N+ñldj ^wïudf.a yeisÍu" we÷ï wdhs;a;ï" fldKavd fudaia;r" wdydr mdk" ienE ujlf.a pdï Ôú;hg .e,fmao@ mshdf.a Ôú; meje;au orejkag wNsfhda.hlao@& ) ÿrl:kh" mß.Klh" wkshï in|;d ksid mjqf,a ixialD;shg isÿlrk úkdYh .ek l:d lrkak'

ukiaia:dmkh ú foú÷ka fj; yefrkak —tneúka Tn Ôj;a jk ms<sfj, .ek b;d ie<ls<su;a jkak' w{dkhka fuka fkdj" {dkjka;hka fuka Ôj;a jkak' ld,h kmqre neúka" we;s yeu wjia:djlskau m%fhdack .kak' tneúka wkqjKhka fkdù iñ|dKka jykafiaf.a leue;a; lsfula o lshd f;areï .kak'˜ ^tmSi 5(14-17& ukiaia:dmkfha hdÉ[djlg we;=,a jkak'

.S;sldj ( mqnqÿ .S wxl 188 —jpkhdfKks - Y%S jpkhdfKks ''''˜

51

12 jk oji

mjq,la f,i wjÈ ù foaYh wjÈ lsßulg ukiaia:dmkh fjuq wdmiq ne,Ssu ( foúhka jykafiaf.a fma%ufha .eUqre;u m%ldYkh mjq,hs' Y=oaOjq ;s%;ajfha iïnkaOlug le|jd we;s mjq, nkaOkh lrk uyd neïu fma%uhhs' iajdñ mqreIhd ìß| orejka fouõmshka mjq, ;=< fma%uh fnod .kak ;rug" N=la;s ú¢k ;rug" mjqf,a mjq,alu wdrlaId fõ' mjq, wmf.a Ôú;h w¾:j;a lrk mßirh fõ' mjq, f.dvkefÕoa§ iqjm;a jq kj foaYhla olskakg yels fõú' ^<Õ bkak wh iuÕ fnod .kak&

ojfia iqmqj; ( tmSi 5(22 - 28 lshjkak' ^23 yd 28 mohkag úfYaI wjOdkh fokak& mjq, ms<sn| ls;=kq ±lau fuys t<sorõ fõ' iajdñ mqreIhd yd Nd¾Hdj w;r we;s .eUqre tluq;=lu yd j.lSu meyeÈ,s fõ' Yßrfha wjhjhka w;r wfkHdkH .eUqre iïnkaOlula ;sfí' —ll=,g ;=jd,hla jq úg l÷¿ Wkkafka weigh'˜ mjq,l fï .eUqre tal;ajfha moku jkafka W;a:dk jq fÊiq ls%ia;=ka jykafia yd wmf.a taldnoaO;djh h' wms lf;da,slhka f,i idïm%odhslj mjq,la ksjila wdrïNfhaÈ ÈjH yDohg lem lsßu isÿ lrkafkuq' lf;da,sl ksfjiaj, ls%ia;= rcdKkaf.a m%;sudj ia:dms; lr we;s wdldrh wm w;r we;s w¾:dkaú; iïm%odhls' fï ish,af,ka .uH jkafka ls%ia;=ka jykafia mjqf,a ysi njhs' Tjqka jykafia wmf.a tlu iajdñhdfKda h' fï 52

wkaoñka —we;af;a tlu Yßrh;a" tlu wd;auhdKka jykafia;a h'˜ ^tmSi 4(4&

wo mjq, uqyqKq fok wNsfhda. ( wo mj;sk iudc ;;a;ajh bÈßfha ìß| iy iajdñ mqreIhd w;r mej;s wfkHdakH iïnkaO;djh ì|ouk ;;a;ajhka Wod fjñka mj;S' tu ksid ful, iajdñ mqreIhd iy Nd¾hdj w;r fm!oa.,sl ixksfõokh jeämqr wjOdrKh lsßu mjq,a Ôú;h ;=< iïnkaO;djh j¾Okh lr .eksug bjy,a fõ' tod mej;s idx>sl iïnkaOlï yd tlsfkld flfrys wfkHdkH hemsu wo iudcfhka fõ.fhka ;=rka ú f.k hhs' Bg fya;=j fm!oa.,sl Ôú;h ;=< fukau mjq,a Ôú;h ;=<o mqoa.,hka fhduq jkqfha iajdêk ùu flfrysh' ^wo iajdëk ùu ms<sn| jerÈ wjfndaO we;'& tuÕska isÿ jkqfha mjq,a neñ fn,ySk lrñka mjqf,a tla tla idudðlhd ;ks mqoa.,hka f,i i,lk Wjÿrla wm ukig we;=,a fjñka ;sìuhs' tfia jkúg —ta thdf. yeáfka" tal thdf.a ksoyifka˜ lshd wms is;kakg mqreÿ fjñka isáuq' tl ksjfia Ôj;a jQjdg wo mjqf,a tla tla idudðlhdg whs;s foaj,a jeä fjñka ;sfí' ^fjdIska ueIska" mß>klh" Wl=,a mß>klh ^,emafgdma&" cx.u ÿrl:kh" YS;lrK uf.a ldurh we;=f,a& tajd j,ska ;ksju ;ukaf.a jqjukdjka" wdYdjka" iem myiqj yd úfkdaoh imqrd .; yels ;;a;ajhka ;=< fkd±kqj;aju mqoa.,hka tajdys isrldrhka ú mqoa.,jdÈ ixialD;shla f.dvkefÕñka mj;s' ±ka ne£u mj;skafka iajdñ mqreIhd ìß| w;r fkdfõ' orejka foudmshka w;r fkdfõ' wdÉÑ iShd yd uqKqmqre ñksmsßhka w;r fkdfõ' nyq NdKavjd§ iudcfha nvq NdKav iuÕh' ienE úfkdaoh yd ksoyi mjqf,a tlsfkld iuÕ i;=gq idñÉÑfha fh§fuka fyda tlg tluq;=j lghq;= lsÍfuka fyda fkd,efnk njg fmkakqï lsÍug W;aidy orhs' 53

tkuq;a" cx.u ÿrl:kfhka" wka;¾ cd,fhka fm!oa.,slj úfkdaodiajdoh ,eìh yels l%u ´k ;rï ;sfnk njg fmkajk iudc ;;a;ajhka t<fUñka mj;S' tys m%;sM,h mjq, ;=< wiykh fukau tÈßjdÈlï j¾Okh ùuhs' wo wms wêfõ.s Ôú; rgdjl isr ú isáuq' tu ksid oreKq udkisl mSvkhkag ñksiqka f.dÿre fjñka isá;s' thg wms fidhd f.k ;sfnk úi÷u idx>sl;ajh ^tluq;=u fnod yod .ekSu& w;yer Y%uúNckhhs' ^fïl Thd lrkak" fïl Thdf.a jefâ' uu fï ál lrkakï& fï ,snr,a u; jdofha wdksYxihs' fï ksid wo mjq,a Ôú;h wúksYaÑ; ;djhlg yd w¾: jHdl+, njlg m;aj ;sfí' wms fuh wjfndaO lr fkd.;fyd;a" wms fuhg wjÈ fkdjqkfyd;a isÿfjñka mj;sk úkdYh w;s Nhdklh' wms tl tl mjq, fuhg wjÈ ú ukiaia:dmkh jqjfyd;a kj foaYhla f.dvkÕkakg wmg;a odhl úh yelsh' mjqf,a yd foaYfha moku O¾uh úh hq;=hs hk m%ldYkfha w¾:dkaú; nj wm .eUqßka jgyd .; hq;=h' uf.a mjqf,a wjÈ ùu mrïmrdjla wjÈ lsßug uq, msÍuls'

idlÉPdj ( ) mjq, ;=< újD;j l:d ny lsÍug" ijka §ug" iudj b,a,Sug" iudj §ug" w.h lsÍug mßirhla ;sfío@ ) mjqf,a tluq;=lu /l .ekSug mjqf,a tlsfkldf.a fudk ÿ¾j,lï ;snqk;a tlsfkldg mlaImd;Sj wdorh lsÍu mjq,la ;=< ;sìh hq;=h' —uf.a ksoyi" ug i;=gq fjkak ´fka" uu leu;s fohla lrkak ug ksoyi keoao" ug leu;s ;SrKhla .kak wehs ug neß@ uu riaidjla lrkjd" ug i,a,s ;sfhkjd"˜ wo Tnf.a mjq,;a fï ;;a;ajhg m;a fj,do@ tfia kï Tn ,snr,a jdohg hg fjñka mj;sk mjq,la' Tnf.a mjq, tfyuo@ 54

) mdúÉÑ lsßug ´k ;rï ;udg wjYH foaj,a úlsKSug we;s fï wêmßfNdackjd§ iudcfha Tng$ Tnf.a mjq,g hula wjYH fjoaÈ Tn fojrla is;kjdo@ wvq ;rñka tla jrlaj;a is;kjdo@ ug$ uf.a mjq,g fuh wjYHhuo@ ) wo mjq,a ;=< iaÒrj újdyh /l .ekSfï jqjukdj wvq fjñka mj;S' ;reK ¥ mq;=kaf.a ukig újdy ùu fjkqjg ;ksj Ôj;a ùu fyda tlg Ôj;a ùu ^újdy .súiqug we;=<;a fkdù fofofkl= tlg Ôj;a ùu& jeks wdl,am f.dv kefÕñka mj;S' Tn ;reKfhla $ ;reKshla kï is;d n,kak' foudmsfhks" Tnf.a ;reK ¥ mq;=kaf.a is;=ï me;=ï ms<sn`oj Tn wjÈo@

ukiaia:dmkh ( mqnqÿ .S wxl 227 —yefrkd msKsi'''˜ ) fï ;;a;ajfhka ls%ia;= ±laug ^O¾uhg& wm mjq,a yrjkak lshñka ukiaia:dmkh jkak' ) tjeks wjÈùulska wm mjq,a Ôú; /l .ekSug ix>j," óiïj, wjfndaOhla yd újD; Ndjhla we;s lrk msKsi hdÉ[d lruq' ) mjq,la f,i tlg ÈjH mqcdjg iyNd.s fjkjdo@ ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia ,nd .kakg fouõmshka orejka iuÕ tlg tlaj .uka lrkjdo@ mjqf,a hdÉ[djg fj,djla ;sfío@ ukiaia:dmkh jkak' ) mjq, ;=< ;SrK .ekSfï§ tlg tluq;= ù hdÉ[d lr" l:d lr ;SrK .ekSula isÿ fkdfõ kï ukiaia:dmkh jkak' ) mjq,la f,i tlg tluq;= ú lEu .ekSug ojilg tlu wjia:djlaj;a keoao@ ukiaia:dmkh jkak'

.S;sldj ( mqnqÿ .s wxl 143 —wm mjq,u Tn uysuh'''˜ 55

13 jk oji

mjq, fiakdl=¿ Yd,djla lr .ksuq wdmiq ne,Su ( kq;k iudch ;=< mjq, úYd, w¾nqohlg uqyqK foñka mj;S' ne¨ ne,aug wm ksfjia kQ;k iqfLdamfNda.S ndysr w,xlrKfhka hqla;j fmKqko ksjil Ôj;a jQ mjq,l ;snQ ne¢ï fooÍulg ,la fjñka mj;S' uyd mjq,a f,i Ôj;a ùu fjkqjg mqxÑ mjq,a wdl,amh wo wmf.a orejka yqol,d ùulg ,la lrñka mj;S' th Okjd§ wd¾Ól l%uh ;=< ,snr,ajd§ u;jd§uh iajrEmfha m%ldYkhls' tlsfkld iuÕ idlÉPd lrkak'

ojfia iqmqj; ( fiakdl=¿ Yd,dj wm iñ|dKka jykafia wdorh lrmqu ia:dkhls'Tjqka jykafia úáka úg Y%djlhka iuÕ tys /ia jq fial' W;a:dkfhka miqjo Tjqka jykafia fiakdl=¿ Yd,djg jevu l< fial' ls%ia;=ka jykafiaf.a Ôú;fha jeo.;a fndfyda foa isÿjqfha fiakdl=¿ Yd,dfõ§ h' wo Èk iqmqj;g wm Ndú;d lrkakg woyia lf<a wm iñ|dKka jykafiaf.a mdo fia§fï fma%uhhs' Y=' cqjdï 13(12-15 lshjkak fuysÈ fÊiqia jykafia keÕsg i¿j .<jd ;nd ;=jdhla f.k bK jgd ne|.;a fial' bka miqj f.da,hkaf.a mdo fia¥ fial' cqodiaf.a mdo o" fmaÿre ;=ukaf.a mdo o fia¥ fial' W;=re i¿j m<¢kafka iajdñhdfKda h' .=re foajhdfKda h' ta n,h" f.!rjh ms<sn| ixfÄ;d;aul ms<sìUqjls' fÊiqia jykafia th .<jd oud ;=jdhla bK jgd we| .;a fial' idudkHfhka cqod iudcfha ksjig meñfKk iajdñhdf.a mdo fiaÿfõ jy,d 56

h' iajdñhd fiajlfhl=f.a ;;a;ajhg tfia;a ke;fyd;a jyf,l=f.a ;;a;ajhg my;a fjñka wmg olajk fma%ufha ;ru t<sorõ l< fial' mdo fia§fuka fkdkej;=kq Tjqka jykafia ;=jdfhka mdo msi oud mdo isU .;a fial' ls%ia;=ka jykafia fï ls%hdfjka wm mjq,g W.kajkafka l=ulao@ iajdñ mqreIhd ìß| tlsfkldg úreoaOj lghq;= lr ;sfío@ iuyr úg th fmaÿre ;=ud fuka m%;slafIam lsÍula úh yelsh' ke;fyd;a cqodia fia mdjd §ula úh yelsh' tfia;a ke;fyd;a th cqjdï iy cdfldí f,i iajdñ mqreIhdg jvd ìß| tfia;a ke;akï ìß|g jvd iajdñ mqreIhd Wiia ùug orK m%h;akhla úh yelsh' tfiau w;S; isÿùula" oEjeoao fkdf.k tau fyda fofokdf.a iuÕsh ke;s lrk ´kEu isÿùula úh yelsh' wo ojfia ud fudk ;;a;ajfha isáho ls%ia;=ka jykafia fiakdl=¿ Yd,dfõ W;=re i¿j .<jd cqodiaf.a fmaÿre ;=udf.a mdo fiaÿjd fia udf.a mdo o fidaok fial' ud w;ska Tjqka jykafiag isÿ ú we;s l=uk fyda jrola fldhs ;rï úYd, mdmhla jqjo udf.a mdo fia§ug" mdo isôkakg th ndOdjla fkdjk nj u úYajdi lrñ' wms fudfyd;la ksYap,j iñ|dKkag fï ±ka udf.a mdo fia§ug bv yßñka ta wdorh N=la;s ú¢uq' fï fudfydf;a Tnf.a yeÕSu l=ula o@ Tnf.a wNHka;r mS%;sh" ksoyi" .e<ùu w¿;a ñksfila ùu fldhs;rï o@ fï wdorfhka msreKq Tn ±ka Tnf.a iajdñ mqreIhdf.a $ ìß|f.a mdo fia§ug iQodkï jkak' Tyq $ weh w;ska Tng isÿ jqkdjQ ydksh" ;=jd,h' fõokdj l=ula fyda fõjd Tnf.a .=refoajhdKka jk fÊiqia jykafia Tnf.a mdo fiaÿjd kï Tn;a tlsfkldf.a —iajdñ mqreIhdf.a $ ìß|f.a˜ mdo fidaokak' 57

wNHdih ( ) Tjqka jykafia fuf,dj ;u ys;j;=kag fma%u l< fial' wka;suh olajdu Tjqkag fma%u l< fial' ^Y=' cqjdï 13(1& jpkh Ndjkd lrkak' Tjqka jykafia fuf,dj ys;j;=kag ^Tn fofokdg& fma%u l< fial' wka;suh olajdu —Tn fofokdg˜ fma%u l< fial' ksYap,j fuu jpkfhka msgdr .,k fma%uhg Tnj iqj lsÍug bv yßkak' ) Ñ;%.; lrkak' Tn ±ka iajdñ mqreIhdf.a $ ìß|f.a mdo fidaok nj olskak' Tn .<jd ouk W;=re i¿jg we;=<;a ú ;sfnkafka l=ulao@ Okh" n,h" udkh o@ W.;alu" /lshdj" l=,j;alu" bv lvï" foam," hdk jdyk o@ fjk;a ´keu fohla úh yelsh' ksYap,j ta W;=re i¿j .<jkak' Tng neß lula ±fkkjd o@ Tn msmdifhka b,a¨fjd;a Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafia Tnj n,fhka ikakoaO lrdú' ±ka Tn fiajl ;=jdh we| .kak' Tfí iajdñ mqreIhdf.a $ ìß|f.a mdo fidaokak' ;=jdh .<jd mdo msi oukak' bkamiq my;a ú" keó mdo isôkak' ta w;a±lsu ;=< fudfyd;la miqjkak' ls%ia;=ka jykafiaf.a iduh" m%S;sh" wdorh Tn yoj;ska ±ka msgdrd .,kakg mgka .kak nj Tng ±fkkjd o@ ) Tn Ñ;%.; lr.;a foa ienúkau lrkak' Tn bkak mßirfha th m%dfhda.sl fkdfõ kï f.orÈ fyda tu ls%hdjg tlsfkld we;=<;a jkak' ) fujeks mjq,a oyla" fooyla" ;=ka oyla fyda Bg jeä ixLHdjla iqjm;a jqjfyd;a fï foaYhg fudk;rï n,meula isÿfõo@ fï jrm%idofhka wm foaYfha lf;da,sl mjq,a we;=¿ ish¿u mjq,a wdYs¾jdo lrk f,i wms hdÉ[d lruq' 58

) iajdñ $ mqreIhd ìß| tlsfkldf.ka iudj ,nd f.k" iudj odkh lr ls%ia;=ka jykafiaf.a fma%ufhka msÍ tlsfkld fjkqfjka w; ;nd hdÉ[d lrkak' ) fï wNHdihka ìß|g" mqreIhdg fhduq lr ;snqko fuu fudfyd;g iyNd.s jk wka wh Tng fma%u lsÍug" tluq;= ùug fkdyels wh isys lr .ksñka fï w;±lSug we;=,a jkak'

.S;sldj ( mqnqÿ .S wxl 250 —ksOdkhls Tn iqmqj; iñf|a ''''˜

59

14 jk oji

mjqf,a ukiaia:dmkfhka kj foaYhla lrd wdmiq ne,Su ( fmr Èkfha fiakdl=¿ Yd,djg mjq,la f,i iñ|dKka wmj lef|úfõ tod Tjqka jykafia W;=re i¿j .<jd bK jgd ;=jdhla we|f.k Y%djlhkaf.a mdo fiaÿjdla fuka mjq,la f,i wmf.;a mdo fidaod" msi oud" isU .ekSughs' tfia l< iñ|dKka wmg o werhqï lf<a ud l<d fia Tn;a tlsfkldf.a mdo fidaokak lshdh' th ksfhda.hls' b,a,Suls' Tjokls' iqj ùug" .e<ùug" tluq;= ùug foaj wdorh .<d tk ls%hd ud¾. hls' Bfha Èkfha Tnf.a mjqf,a w;a±lSu fnod .kak'

ojfia iqmqj; ( Y=' uf;õ 6(24 lshjkak —iajdñjreka fofofkl=g fiajh lsÍug lsisfjl=g kqmq¿jk' ukao Tyq tlaflfkl=g ffjr ne| tlaflfkl=g fma%u lrkafkah' ke;fyd;a flfkl=g ,eÈ ù wfkla wh fy,d olskafkah' foúhka jykafiag yd jia;=jg fiajh lrkakg Tng fkdyelsh'˜ wms mjq, ;=< foúhka jykafiaj mfil ,d uqo,g fma%u lrkjdo hkak fidhd n,uq' ) wm mjqf,a wd¾Ól ;;a;ajh yd wm mjqf,a wdodhï ud¾.h .ek wms olsk iajrEmh .ek fufkys lruq' ) wm mjqf,a wdodhu .ek wm iEySulg m;a fjkjdo@ ) wms foúhka jykafiaf.a iqrlaIs; Ndjh u; hefmkjdo@ ) wms uqo,g ;Kaydfjka ñg jvd ;j uqo,a ;snqfkd;a fyd| hhs is;d fjfyfikjdo@ 60

) wm mjqf,a wdodhï ud¾.hka foúhka jykafiag m%ikako@ ) iudch .ek fkd;lñka wms uqo,a bmhSug fm<ô ;sfío@ ^Wod( ks;Hdkql+, fkdjk wdodhï ud¾." u;a øjH ksmoùu yd wf,úh" wú wdhqO ksmoùu" iudch ÿrdpdrhg" ldurd.hg fmd<Ujk ud¾.hka" fidnd oyug wys;lr ksYamdokhka& ) wms Wmhk wdodhug iß,k fia wms wjxlj fiajh lrkjdo@ ) uqo,a bmhSu uq,a lrf.k wms wfma hq;=lï meyer yer ;sfío@ ) foúhka jykafiag" mjq,g" orejkag" fouõmshkag Èh hq;= ld,h wksis f,i uqo,a bmhsu i|yd jeh lrkjdo@ ^Wod( wksis f,i /lshdjka lsysmhla lsÍu" w;sld, fiajh" /lshd Wiia ùu i|yd jev lsÍu& ) wm Wmhk uqo,a foúhka jykafia wmg § we;s jrm%idohla hehs fkdi,ld wms uqo,a kdia;s lrkafkuq o@ ) wm mjq, ;=< úhoï iïnkaOfhka m%uqL;djhka y÷kd f.k ;sfío@ ) m%uqL;djhka mfil ,d wms uqo,a kdia;s lrkafka o@ ^Wod( wms orejka iy wkd.;h fjkqfjka b;sß l<hq;= uqo,a" mqyq wdfgdamh /l .ekSug úhoï lsÍu& ) wms wjYHhhs i,lk úhoï we;a;gu w;HjYHo@ ^Wod( wmg wvq úhoñka imhd .; yels fyda wmgu idod .;yels foa ñ<g .ekSu& ) ke;skï wms úhoï lrkafka f,dalhdf.a ujdmEï j,g /jào@ ^Wod( ú,dis;d" iudc /,a,g .kakd Wmka Èk ido yd fjk;a W;aij" leu îu&

idlÉPd lrkak' isáh hq;= ;ekg yefruq' wo Èkg we;s foaj jpkhkaf.ka ,efnk wdf,dalhg wjÈ fjuq' 61

—uqo,a ;Kaydj iEu kmqrgu uq,h' iuyre uqo,g wd,h ú" weoys,af,ka jeá" ;ukagu fndfyda oreKq f,i ;=jd, lr.;ay'˜ ^1 ;sfuda;s 6(10& wo kq;k iudðh mjq,a wd¾Ólh ^wh-jeh& foi n,k úg wm fndfyda fokd isákafka ksoyialu ke;sj nj fmfka' wiSñ; wjYH;d yd Wjukdjka msß ukilska wms Ôj;a fjuq' wm fkd±kqj;aju f,dalhd ujdmdk foaj,g /jà wêlj jy,a ú isáuq' wm mjq, ;=< wm Wmhk wdodhu fyda th úhoï lrk wdldrh ms<sn| foúhka jykafiaf.a leue;a; wms fkdfidhhs' uqo,a ;Kaydj ksid wms wmsgu ;=jd, lr .ksuq' fï ish¿ mdmhka wmj foúhka jykafiaf.a fma%ufhka wE;a lrhs' wms wjÈ fjuq' wmsÿ .eUqre ukiaia:dmkhlg we;=¿ jkafkuq kï wmgo .e<ùu ,efnkafka h' fï i;H;djh fufkys lruq' ukiaia:dmkh fjuq'

.S;sldj ( mqnqÿ .S wxl 171 —jy,a nfõ wêm;slï''''˜

62

15 jk oji

mjqf,a wdodhu fnod fjka lrk úg foú÷ka ;=< th wm j.lSfuka isÿ l< hq;=h' wdmiq ne,Su ( ) wm mjqf,a wd¾Ólh ^wdodhï yd úhoï& foi yeß ne¨ úg wm y÷kd .;a mdmhka" jy,alï" wkaOldrhka yd fjkia úhhq;= ;eka fufkys lrñka ukiaia:dmkh ùug yels ùo@ ) y÷kd.;a ta jy,alï j,ska ñ§ug .;hq;= mshjrhka mjq,la úÈhg idlÉPd lrkak yd tajd ls%hd;aul lsßu i|yd n,h m;d hdÉ[d lf<a o@ ) fjkiaùug wudrelï w;aolsk ia:dkhka y÷kd f.k" ta wudrelï foúhka jykafiaf.a yia;hg ndr lrkak' tf,iu ta i|yd foaj wïudf.a ueÈy;alu m;kak' ) Tnf.a w;a±lSï fnod .kak'

ojfia iqmqj; ( ) mjq,la f,i wm Ôú;fhka ld,h" Y%uh" yelshdjka" uqo,a foaj rdcHh fjkqfjka ks¾f,daNsj mqokjdo@ ) È<s÷ka yd wirK jqjka ne¢ i;aldr i|yd wmg wm wdodhfuka fokakg mq¿jka fj,d ;sfhkjdo@ ta .ek wm wjÈ o@ ) wm mjqf,a wkd.;h' wjYH;d fjkqfjka udislj uqo,la b;sß lrkjdo@

isáh hq;= ;ekg yefruq' ) wm Wmhk wdodhu wmg ,efnkafka wfma fm!oa.,sl whs;shla fyda yelshdjla ksid fkdj ienúkau foúhka jykafiaf.ka wmg ,efnk wdYS¾jdoh ksihs' wm ñiug" ix>hg foaj rdcHfha jev lghq;= i|yd wm yelshdfjka 63

yd wdodhfuka odhl ùu wmf.a j.lSuhs' th wm wjxlj bgq lrk úg foúhka jykafia wmg ;j ;j;a wdYS¾jdo lrk fial'

—m<uq fldg foúhka jykafiaf.a rdcHho O¾ñIaGluo fidhkak' túg fï ish,a,la Tng fokq ,efí'˜ ^Y=' uf;õ 6(33& ) wm fyd¢ka wjg mßirh fj; wjOdkh fhduq l<fyd;a È<s÷ka" wirKhka" frda.ska ;=< ;ks ú we;af;a ls%ia;=ka jykafia u nj y÷kd .; hq;=hs' wm Tjqkg wdOdr Wmldr lruq kï wm wOdr lrkafka ls%ia;=ka jykafiag u h' Tjqka m%;slafIam lruq kï wms m%;slafIam lrkafka ls%ia;=ka jykafia u h' —ukao uu id.sksj isáfhñ ¦ Tn ug lkak ÿkakyqh' msmdid ù isáfhñ¦ Tn ug fndkak ÿkakyqh' wd.ka;=lj isáfhñ¦ Tn ud f.org ms<s .;a;yqh' jia;% ke;sj isáfhñ¦ Tn ug jia;% ÿkakyqh' frda.d;=rj isáfhñ¦ Tn ud n,d .;a;yqh' ysr f.or isáfhñ¦ Tn ud n,kak wdjyq h˜ ^Y=' uf;õ 25(35-36& ) wkd.;h i|yd b;sß lsÍu mjq, ;=< keKj;a ls%hdjls' ;reK ld,fha § Tn lsisjla /ialr fkd.;af;a kï" Tfí uy¨ úfhys o Tng hula we;s jkafka flfiao@ ^WmfoaYlhd 25(3& ) wm tfia fkdlsÍu" mshjr fkd.ekSu" wkd.;fhaÈ wm úiskau wm wirK lr .eksuls' wjÈ fjuq' ta i|yd mshjr ;nuq'

idlÉPdj ( ) foúhka jykafia ;=< wm mjqf,a wd¾Ólh ms<sn|j" úhoï ms<sn|j ;sfnkakdjq is; ms<sn|j wjÈ ù idlÉPd lrkak' 64

) iajdñ mqreIhd yd ìß| f,i ^;d;a;d wïud f,i& ñka bÈßhg mjqf,a wdodhu j.lSfuka fnod fjka lrkafka flfia± hs foaj is; úuiñka bgq lsßu ms<sn|j idlÉPd lrkak' ) mjq,la f,i wmf.ka isÿ jq w;miqùï ms<sn|j miq;eú,s ú hdÉ[d lrkak'

.S;sldj ( mqnqÿ .S wxl 314 —Tnf.a leue;a; ''''˜

65

16 jk oji

mjq,la f,iska ixialD;sl ukiaia:dmkhlg wjÈ fjuq' wdmiq ne,Su ( ) mjq,la f,i foaj rdcHh Wfoid fukau wirKhka i|yd fnod fokq ,nk uQ,HuH mß;Hd. ms<sn|j Tng iEySulg m;a úh yelso@ ) mjqf,a Wmhk wdodhï yd úhou ms<sn`oj úksúo Ndjhla ;sfnkjdo@ ) wd¾Ólh l<uKdlrKh lsÍfï§ wfkHdakH iyfhda.h yd fnod .ekSï fln÷o@

ojfia iqmqj; ( ixialD;sl jYfhka YS% ,xldj w;s fmdfydi;a rgls' bkaÈhdj" nx.,dfoaYh" mlsia:dkh jeks wjg rgj,a foi n,;a§ YS% ,xldj ls%lÜ lS%vdfõ§ yeisfrk wldrh .ek ;uka úiañ; fjk nj tla;rd mqj;a m;l i|yka úh' ,xldfõ lS%vlhska mer§ ,xldjg wdj;a mdr Èf.a isáñka ms<s.kakd kuq;a bkaÈhdj merÿk úg lS%vlhkag myr fok wdldrh;a" nx.,dfoaYh jeks rgla mrdcfha§ yeisfrk wdldrh;a .ek ols;a§ wfma YS% ,dxlsl ixialD;sfha w.h meyeÈ<sj Èia fjhs' wm rfÜ fn!oaO ck;dj wïudj ie,l=fha f.or nqÿka f,ih' fo.=reka kue§u o wm ixialD;sfha úfYaI ,laIKhls' wm rg wjg cd;ska w;r ke;s" wmg Wreu wfma ixialD;sl fm!V;ajh .ek wm wdvïnr úh hq;=h' wfma ixialD;sh ;=< fn!oaO ck;dj bjis,sjka; ck;djls' wka;jd§ka fkdfõ' tu mßirh ;=< wmsÿ yslaùula 66

w;a±l we;af;jQ fmrÈk ;snQ ixialD;sl jákdlï wo Èk mjq,a ;=< olakg ke;' wo wms msßfyñka mj;skafkuq' È<s÷lu lrd .uka lrñka isákafkuq' ck fldgia w;r fNao ìkak;d we;slr .ksñka isákafkuq' ta .ek wm ukiaia:dmkhla lrd hd hq;=h' foaYmd,k n, fmdrhka" l=<,a ld .ekSï ksid wmf.a W;=ï ixialD;sh wjia:djd§ mgq wruqKq fjkqfjka flf<id ;sfí' tneúka kj foaYhla Wod fjkq i|yd wm ukiaia:dmkh úh hq;=h' mqrdK .súiqu ;=< cqod ck;dj mdie,a heùug fmr mqxÑ orejkag" úfYaIfhka msßñ orejkag b.ekakqfõ foudmshkag wdorh lsÍughs' ls%ia;=ka jykafia ußh ;=ñhg ^wïudg& fndfyda fia wdorh l< fial' l=rei mduq, wïud ;ks fkdlr mqf;l=g" tkï cqjdï ;=ukag ndr ÿka fial' ls%ia;=ka jykafia le|jQ wh foudmshka N+uodk lr taug wjir b,aÆ nj iqúfYaIljreka jd¾;d lrhs' ta" cqod iudch ;=< foudmshkag /ljrKh §u" wjidk fudfyd; olajd n,d .ekSu hq;=lula yeáhg ie,l+ neúks' mqrdK .súiqfï oi mK; ;=< m<uq fldg foúhka jykafiag ysñ ;ekg miqj W.kajkafka foudmshkag ix.%y lrj lshdhs' fu;rï W;=ï lf;da,sl ixialD;shl isák wm jeäysáhkag foudmshkag f.!rj fkdlrhs kï" wm w;r fío ìkak;d rc lrhs kï wmg jer§ ;sfí' wms t;ekska ukiaia:dmkh úh hq;=h¦ yeßh hq;=h' f;daì;a 14 ( 11-12 lshjkak' f;daìhia ;u foudmshkag ie,l= wdldrh foi n,kak' mjq,la hkq ìß|" iajdñmqreIhd muKla fkdj" Tjqkaf.a foudmshkaf.ka yd orejkaf.ka o hqla; jQjls' 67

f;daì;a 14 ( 8-10 lshjkak' wms wo foudmshka f,i ;u orejkaj f,!lsl wdYdjka" wruqKq bgqlr .ekSug" lemS fmkSug" ckÔ%h ùug muKo fhduq lrkafka@ foúhka jykafiag jkaokd lsÍug ±yeñ f,i Ôj;a ùug foaj leue;a; lsÍug orejkag lshd fokjdo@ mdmhg hg fjñka ksksjfha Ôj;a fkdù tu foaYh w;ayer hkak lshd f;daì;a mejiqjdla fuka mdmfhka bj;a ùug orejkag lshd fokjdo@ f,!lsl wruqKqj, id¾:l;ajhg jvd hym; fjkqfjka mß;Hd.S ùug" ÿla ú£ug wms orejkag lshd fokjdo@

idlÉPdj( 1' wd.ka;=l i;aldrh" jeäysáhkag f.!rj lsÍu" cd;Ska yd wd.ï w;r tluq;=lu jeks ;j;a wmg Wreu ù ;sfnk ixialD;sl jákdlï idrO¾u fudkjd±hs idlÉPd lrkak' 2' lf;da,sl foudmshka orejka f,i wo iqmqj; yryd Tn ;=< we;sjQ wjfndaOh" wjÈùu l=ulao@ 3' tu jákdlï foaYh wdf,dalu;a lsÍug fudk ;rï bjy,a jkafka±hs idlÉPd lrkak'

ukiaia:dmkh ( wmj tluq;= lrk tal;ajhlg f.k tk ixialD;sl jákdlï idrO¾u fl<iSug mjq,la f,i wm;a odhl ù we;s ;eka .ek ukiaia:dmkh fjñka hdÉ[djg we;=¿ jkak'

.S;sldj ( mqnqÿ .S wxl 120 —ryila mjiñ''''˜ 68

17 jk Èkh

iudc lafIa;%hka ;=< ukiaia:dmkhla wdmiq ne,Ssu Wiia ixialD;shla Wreu cd;shla jqjo wm w;r we;s fjñka mj;sk msßySug m%Odk fya;=j n,hg" Okhg" udkhg lEorlñka wjia:djd§ mgq wruqKq fjkqfjka ls%hd lrk wm rfÜ foaYmd,k ixialD;sh h' fï .ek wm ukiaia:dmkh úh hq;=hs' fu;rï wNsudkj;a ixialD;shl ysñlrejka jk lf;da,sl wmg wm oyfuka iqfmdaIs; iqúfYaI idrO¾u moaO;shl mkakrh o ysñj we;' ta iqixfhda.fhka kj foaYhla ±lSug wm;a wjÈ fkdù fï úkdYhg odhl ù ;sfío@ yefrkak" n,kak' mjq,a f,i ixialD;sl ukiaia:dmkhlg wm ,o werhqug wjÈ ùug yels jqKdo@

ojfia iqmqj; ( frdau 12(2 lshjkak' —Tn f,dal jHdjydrh wkqj^iudc /,a,& yev fkd.eiS is; w¿;a lr .ekSfuka fjkia wh jkak' túg" foúhka jykafiaf.a leue;a; tkï" hym;a jq ms<s.; hq;=jQ" iïmQ¾K jQ foa l=ulao lshd Tng f;areï .; yelsh'˜ iudc mdmh wms y÷kd .ksñka iene f,i wjxlj ukiaia:dmkh fjuq' wdÈ uõmshkaf.ka mgka .;a mdmh wo" foú÷kag" wmf.a u ifydaorhdg" ueú,a,g tfrysj ke.s isák ;;a;ajhg m;aj we;' ñksid iajNdjfhka u iudÔh i;ajfhl= neúka ñksidf.a mdmh iudchgu n,md we;' fï mdmsIaG 69

;;a;ajhka fjkia l< fkdyels ;rug tajd iudc .;ù we;' jHQy.; ù we;' mjq,a ixia:dj" újdy Ôú;h foord f.dia tys Y=oaO Ndjh flf,iS we;' iu,sx.sl újdyhka" .íidj" urK oKavkh jeks oE kS;s .; lrk ;ekg meñK we;' mshd ;u l=vd ÿjjo" ifydaorhd ;udf.au ifydaoßhjo ¥IKhg m;a lrk ;ekg meñK we;' uj ;u l=fia orejdj urd oukakg ;rï l=ßre ù we;' mdi,a orefjda" ;reK ;reKsfhda úúO u;aøjH j,g wiNH foaj,a j,g" iudc cd,dj,g weíneys ú tajdfha f.dÿre njg m;aj we;' wld,fha Ôú; úkdY lr .ks;s' wo lf;da,sl mjq,a Èlalido ùï úYd, f,i jeä ú we;' ;reK ;reKshka w;r jeä leue;a; újdy fkdú Ôj;a ùfï ixl,amhgh' oyil=;a ÿla lror ueo ;uka Wia my;a l< fouõmshkag wo i;=kag fuka i,l;s' ;ukag Ôú;h lshd ÿka fo.=reka" jeäysáhka" .=rejrekag w; Tijk iudchls' jeäysáfhlag" .eìks ujlg" meúÈ flfkl=g jdykhl wdikhla mß;Hd. lsÍug ue,s jk iudchls' wmg Wreuj ;snQ ,iaik ixialD;sh" idrO¾u" l,dj" ,xldfõ YS% úN+;sh fidaod md¿jg m;a ú we;' mßirh b;d lDDr f,i úkdY lrhs' wmg Wreuj ;snq Wiia ri úkaokh" ks¾udKYS,s;ajh fudglr wfkldf.a fõokdj fkdf;afrk wd;aud¾:ldñ" ;rÕldß;ajfhka fyïn;a jq wjia:djd§ ñksiqka njg wo wmj m;a lr we;' meúÈ wd.ñl ixia:dj ;=<g o wo mdmfha úI .,d f.dia we;' foaYmd,kh tlu uv f.dfydrejls' jxpdj" ÿIKh" w,a,i rfÜ ieu lafIa;%hlu me;sÍ we;' rfÜ fmdÿ foam, wuq wuqfõ iqrd lñka msä;hdj ;j ;j;a msvd lrñka uq,d lrhs' uq¿ f,dalhu wo fl;rï ÈhqKq jqj;a wms ;ju jkpdß hq.fha Èú f.juq' wmf.a wOHd;auh b;d Nhdkl f,i lvd jefgñka mj;s' i;H ±k ±k wms ksy~ ú isáuq' foìä Ôú; .; lruq' foú÷kaj;a rjÜgkakg wms W;aidy lruq' 70

tu ksid j¾:udk iudch ;SrKd;aul ixêia:dkhlg meñK we;' mdmh ksid foú÷kaf.ka wE;a ù úkdY ùu fyda ienE ukiaia:dmkhlska hq;=j kej; foús÷ka fj;gh yeÍ hduh' —idOdrK;ajh bgq fkdlr" iduh <Õd lr.; fkdyelsh˜ ^fojk cqjdï mdjq¿ iqo;=ï mshdKka&" f,da m%lg wem,a iud.fï whs;’lre jk iaÜõ fcdaíia ñh hk úg Tyq mejiq joka lsysmhls fï' —wms fndfyda Okj;a jqj;a" fudk foa wmg ;snqk;a" tlsfkld iuÕ fma%ufhka ne÷kq wdorKsh in|lï wmg ke;akï ta ish,af,ka m,la ke;' wjidkfha uf.a yqfol,dj ke;s lrkakg" ud m%S;su;a lrkakg ta lsisjlg fkdyelsh' wjidkfha ud yg b;sß jkqfha ud wdorh l< ñksiqka yd Èkd .;a yoj;a ;=< ud ,nk m%S;s h" iduh yd f,ka.;= njhs'˜ iudc mdmhg uf.a ls%hdjo hï muKlg fyda odhl ú we;' tu ksid wms wm Wfoid;a" iudch Wfoid;a ukiaia:dmkh fjuq' kj foaYhlg .uka lruq' fï ms<sn|j l=vd lKavdhï ;=< idlÉPd lrkak' ) iudc mdmhg m%Odku fya;=j f,dalh mqrd úúO lafIa;% ;=< úysÈ mj;sk ±ä úIu;djh ksid yg f.k we;s whqla;sh" widOdrK;ajh" wiuÕsh fya;=fjka ks¾udKh ù we;s úúO .egqï" hqoaO" w¾nqo' ú,dm" ñksuereï''' wdÈh fõ' ñksidf.a W~Õ=j" wd;aud¾:ldñ;ajh" ±ä ;rÕh" wfkld fkdi,ld yeÍu fuhg fya;=j fõ' fïjd ch .eksug kï wmg foaj jrm%idoh wjYH fõ' tu ksid wms ukiaia:dmkh úh hq;= fjuq' ^j¾:udk f,dalfha Y=' iNdj ms<sn| m%ldYkh - 25& ) iudc mdmh flfrys wjÈùu m;d hdÉ[djg miq;eú,a,g fhduq fjuq' mqnqÿ .S;sld wxl 190 —mia b÷rka ''''˜

71

18 jk Èkh

ñksid iy mßir meje;au ms<sn|j ukiaia:dmkhla lrd wdmiq ne,Ssu ( Bfha ÈkfhaÈ wm iudc mdmh ms<sn|j Ndjkd lf<uq' wo wms Ôj;a jk iudch ms<sn|j Bfha Èkfha y÷kd .;a" wmj jy,a lrk mdmh ms<sn`oj wjÈ ùug yels jqkdo@ tysÈ ls;=kqjka f,i iudc lghq;= j,§ wm ;SrK .;hq;= jkafka i;HjdÈjh" kS;s.reljh" wjxl fma%ufhka hq;=jh' fndfyda m%Yak j,g uq, jk hqla;sh bgq fkdlsßu" iduh lv lsßu" wfkld fkdi,ld yeßu wfmka o isÿjkafka o@ iudch ;=< wmg ysñ ;ek y÷kd f.k wm isáh hq;= ksis ;ekg msh keÕSu wfma le|ùu h' ls;=kqjl= f,i wmf.a ls;=kq idlaIs ±ßfuka iudch taldf,dal lruq' kj foaYhlg wNsfhda.d;aulj msh kÕuq'

ojfia iqmqj; ( fcrñhd 7(3 lshjkak' —foú iñ|dKka jykafia ;j ÿrg;a fufia jodrK fial' zkqU,df.a l,a ls%hdj iy kqU,d lrk foa yß .iajd .kak" túg uu kqU,dg fï ia:dkfhys jdih lrkakg bv i,ikafkñ'˜ .S;dj,sh 148(3-10 lshjkak ñksiqka f,i jqjo" ´keu i;a;ajfhl=g jqjo" ;u Ôjk mßirfhka ,efnk wdNdIh tu mqoa.,hdf.a fyda i;a;ajhdf.a pß; iajNdjh ;SrK lsßfuys ,d ;SrKd;aul idOlhla fõ' mßirh hkq iajNdj oyu muKla fkdj" ^Ôùka we;=<;a& jgd msgdj o woyia flf¾' ñksid iy iajNdúl mßirh tlsfklg noaOj úiSu f,daldrïNfha isgu isÿ jqjls' ^W;am;a;s 2(8& 72

tfy;a ñksidj" iajNdúl mßirfhka fjka lr lD;su fldkals%Ü jkdka;rj, úiSug fhduq lsßu kq;k ngysr o¾Yk jdoh úiska we;s l< Nhdkl fn§uls' ñksid lsisfia;a mßirfhka fjka l< fkdyels h' f,dalh ueúfïÈ foúhka jykafia .ia fld<ka" i;d isõmdjd ujd ñksidg th ;E.s l< fial' f,daldrïNfha isgu mßirhg <xj Ôj;a jk ñksid foú÷kag o <xj Ôj;a fjhs' .xÕd" we< fod<" l÷ jeá" jkdka;r fï ish,a, ukqIHhdf.a Ôú;h iú Yla;su;a lrhs' iqkaor;ajh" iqjh f.k fohs' uq¿ ueú,a, ;=<skau foaj wdorh ukqIHhd w;a olshs'

) w;a±lSula( tla;rd wjia:djl isx.mamqrej krUkakg .sh úfoaYslhka lKavdhul isá kjis,ka; cd;slfhla Ys% ,dxlslfhl=g fufia lsfõh' —ud lsis úgl;a Y%S ,xldjg f.dia ke;' Y%S ,xldj;a isx.mamQrej ;rugu ,iaiko@ túg" laIKslj isx.mamQre ksfhdað;hd" zwfmda keyeZ hkqfjka ms<s;=re ÿkafkah' túg ksy~j isá Y%S ,dxlslhd tafia lSfõ wehs ±hs ùuish' túg Tyqf.a ms<s;=r fuh úh' —Tõ isx.mamQrej w,xldr rgla' tfy;a th ñksid úiska ks¾udKh lrkq ,enqjls' kuq;a ,xldj tfia fkdfõ' ,xldfõ w,xldrh lsj fkdyels ;rï iqkaorh' ta ñksid úiska ;kk ,oaola fkdfõ'˜ th foú÷kaf.a oE;ska ;kk ,o foaYhls' rg ueÈka .,d niskd .xÕd" l÷ jeá" fy,a" iajNdúl jkdka;r" Èh we<s" WoHdk" úúO ri m<;=re fkal j¾Khkaf.ka hq;a mqIamhka" .S .hk l=re,a,ka" rg jgd jq uyd id.rh fudk;rï kï w,xldr o@

) lKavdhï ;=< idlÉPd lrkak' tfy;a t;rï w,xldr jq wm foaYhg wo isÿú we;af;a l=ula o@ wm iajNdj fi!kao¾hg isÿ ú we;af;a l=ulao@ 73

wmf.a fmdÿ ksjyk fyj;a iajNdúl mßirh iq/lSu ms<sn|j läkï wNsfhda.hlg wm j¾;udkfha uqyqK È isáuq' ta i|yd mdßißl iu;=,s;;djh wdrlaId lr .ksñka ;srir ixj¾Okhla we;s lr .eksu i|yd iuia; udkj mjq,u tluq;= ùu w;HjYH fõ' wmf.a fmdÿ ksjyk f.dvkeÕSu i|yd wm tld fuka wm i;= yelshdjka" Yla;Ska fhoúh hq;=h' ñksid ;uka Ôj;a jk mßirfhau fldgila nj jgyd fkd.kakd ;dla" lDDr f,i wd;aud¾:ldñj ;udf.au hym; i|yd muKla mßirh fhdod .eksu" wê mßfNdackjdoh" Ndú;d lr úis lsÍfï ixialD;sh''' hk mßirh iQrdlefï ixl,amh u; msysgd lghq;= lsßfuka mßirh úkdY fjñka mj;s' tys m%;súmdl o wo wms w;aolsuq' jkdka;r úkdY lsßu" i;d isõmdjd urd ±ñu" mßir ÿIKh" j.=reìï f.dv lsßu" c, iïm;" N+ñh yd jd;h ÿIKhg ,la ùu''' wdÈh ksid mdksh c, ysÕhla mej;Su" ffcj úúO;ajh úkdY ùu" foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdihka" wm w;aolsk úúO frda. dndO" iajNdúl úm;a yg f.k we;' fkdukd ñksia ls%hdldrlï ksid isÿù we;s mdmsIaG ;;a;ajhka h' iajNdúl mßirhg tfrysj wmrdOhla isÿ lsßu" wmgu úreoaOj fukau foúhka jykafiag úreoaOj isÿ lrk mdmhla fõ' wm fidnd oyug wdorh lrkafka kï th úkdY lsÍug fya;= ú we;s wmf.a mdmh .ek wms miq;eú,s fjuq' wm ish¿ fokd iq¿ fyda mßir ydkshla isÿ lr we;s neúka" iq¿ jYfhka fõjd" úYd, jYfhka fõjd" wm ueú,a, úrEms lsßug yd úkdY lsßug odhl ú we;s nj ms<s.; hq;=h' tneúka wm ukiaia:dmkh fjuq'

ukiaia:dmkh ùu ;=< m%dfhda.sl mshrj .ksuq' ^idlÉPdj& ) mdkSh c,h" úÿ,sh" wdydr wms fl;rï kdia;s lruqo@ wmf.a wjÈùu yd Bg wkql+,j fm!oa.,slj;a" fmdÿfõ;a wmg .; yels ls%hd ud¾. fudkjdo@ 74

) wm ksfjiaj," l¾udka; Yd,dj, wmøjH" mßirhg wys;lr øjH l%uj;aj neyer lrkjdo@ ) ma,diaála" fmd,s;ska" fj<|fmdf,a úlsKSug we;s mdksh c, fnda;,a" lD;su wdydr Ndú;fhka wm bj;a ù ;sfnkjdo@ ) f.j;= j.dj" ldnksl fmdfydr Ndú;h" .ila lmk úg ;j .ila isgqùu" bj; ouk oE kej; keje; m%fhdackhg .ekSug''' wm fld;rï wjÈo@ ) rg ;=< isÿjk uyd mßudkfha mßir úkYh ms<sn|j wm wjÈ o@ ta ms<sn|j wmg .; yels ls%hd ud¾. fudkjdo@''''

wjidk hdÉ[dj ( mßirh ms<sn|j ls;=kq wfma yeÕSu flfiao@ foú|dfKda th wmg ndr ÿkafka wdrlaId lrñka jeä j¾Okh lsÍug h' tneúka wms ukiaia:dmkh fjuq' ukiaia:dmkh ;=< kj foaYhla fj; yefreuq' tys§ foaYmd,{hkag muKla weÕs,a, È.= fkdlr" mßir ÿIKfhka wm foaYh .<jd .ekSu wmg l<yels ish,a, isÿ lsÍug mshjr ;nuq' ta i|yd n,h m;d tlsfkld Wfoid hdÉ[d lruq'

.S;sldj ( mqnqÿ .S wxl 55 —iñ÷ks ,iaik f,dj''''˜

75

19 jk Èkh

ixialD;sh ;=< ukiaia:dmkh wdmiq ne,Ssu ( ñksid yd iajNdúl mßirh w;r we;af;a b;d iñm in|;djhls' ñksid iajNdúl mßirh úkdY lsÍu hkq Tyq ;u Ôú;h úkdY lr .ekSu yd iudkh' ñksidf.a jerÈ ls%hd l,dmhka ksid iajNdj O¾uhg nrm;, m%Yak j,g uqyqK §ug isÿ ú we;' fidnd oyug úreoaOj wm w;ska isÿjq mdmhkag ukiaia:dmkh ùug wmg yels jqkdo@ úkdYhg hñka ;sfnk wm foaYfha fidndúl mßirh /l .eksug wmg .; yels ls%hd ud¾. iq¿fjka fyda wdrïN lsßug wmg yels jqkdo@ wks;a whjo fï ms<sn`oj ±kqj;a lrkakg wms wjÈ jqkdo@

ojfia iqmqj; ( ixialD;sh hkq ilia ùuhs' rfÜ" cd;sfha yd ck;djf.a ilia ùuhs' iudcfha yev.eiauhs' fufia ir, f,i wre;a .ekakqj yels jqjo" ixialD;sh hkafkys w¾:h w;sYhska ixls¾Kh' udkj úoHdjg wkqj ixiald;sh hkq iudch ;=< wm tlsfkld ,nd .kakd ±kqu" weoys,s l%u" l,d Ys,am" idrO¾u" kS;sh" isß;a úß;a yd ñksid yd iïnkaO úúO iïm%odhka mqreÿ'''' wdÈ ish,a,u fõ' ixialD;sh fndfyda úg w;S; odhdohla jYfhka iudch yd tys Ôj;a jk ish,a,ka ;=<ska wmg ,efí' ta wkqj ixialD;sh kñka ye¢kafjk ish¿ foa flfkl= ,nkafka Tyq Ôj;a jk iudchhka' ta wkqj ráka rgg" m%foaYfhka m%foaYhg ixialD;sh fjkia fõ' ta ta rgg wdfõKsl jq ixialD;shla we;' Wod( YS% ,dxlsl orefjl= ì<s÷ úfha isgu ì%;dkH fyda ol=Kq wms%ldfõ yeÈ jevqfkd;a Tyqf.a is;=ï me;=ï" Ôú; 76

rgdj ta ixialD;shg wkqj yev .efia' wfma ixialD;sl ,laIK Tyqg wd.ka;=l fõ'

) wm foaYfha ixialD;sh foi ne,aula ( - ixialD;sh w;ska wfma foaYh fnfyúka fmdfydi;a rgla f,i ;snq nj uq¿ f,dju ms<s.kS' wmf.a b;sydih thg idlaIs orhs' - mjq,a miqìu .;fyd;a nqoaO O¾uh u; moku wkqj f.or nqÿka wïud f,ig wïudg ie,l+ w;r jeäysáhkag ;snqfka úYd, f.!rj wdorhls' - jejhs od.enhs" .uhs mkai,hs" ^fldaú,hs" m,a,shhs& YS% ,dxlsl ck Ôú;h yd ne£ mj;skak' ish¨ cd;ska" ish¿ wd.ñlhska tlsfkldg ±lajqfha buy;a jq f.!rj wdorhls' - wfma l,dj ^is.sß ì;= is;=jï" weïnelafla ,s leghï& ldjH" idys;Hh" ie<,sysks ixfoaYh" .srd ixfoaYh wdÈ merKs ixfoaY hq.fhaÈ tu idys;Hhlrejka ia;s%ka j¾Kkd lf<a b;du f.!rjhlska yd wdor Nla;shlska hq;=jhs' fï fndfyda ixfoaYj, l;=jreka jQ NslaIqka jykafia,d mjd ia;s%kaf.a w,xldrh j¾Kkd l<y' ^Wod( wef.a YÍrdx." mshhqre j¾Kkd lrk úg wehg uy;a f.!rj Nla;shla ±lajQy'& th ;j flfklaj mdmhg fy,Sug fkdj ia;s%hg .re lsßug fukau" Wiia l,d ridiajdohlg ñksiqkaj f.k hk ,È' tfy;a wo ;;a;ajh fln÷o@ rd.sl yeÕSï wjqiaiñka ukqIHhd mdmhg fy,k mjq,l in|lï flf,ik .S;" rEm rduq" kdgH" Ñ;%mg fndfydah' wo mdi,a isiqka" ;reK ;reKshka úry .S;" uõ .=K .hk .S; flfkl=f.a fõokdj yÕjk .S; mjd''' fõ. ßoaufhka .hñka ri ú£' - fy< merKs jdß ud¾. moaO;sh f,dj úYañ; lrkakla úh''''' 77

- f.or nqÿka wïud f,i buy;a f.!rjdorhlska ie,l+ wïudf.a uõ moúh wo kej;S we;af;a —iqm¾ uï˜ jeks W;a;Í;r uõ moúh flf,ik ;rÕldÍ jev igyka j,sks' tys§ wïudf.a we÷u me<÷u" orejdj yiqrejk wdldrh iuyr úg ìh f.k fok iq¿h' wmf.a W;=ï ixialD;sh .uka lrkafka l=uk udj;la foig o@ wo wmf.a foaYhg isÿú we;af;a l=ulao@ tla;rd weußlka Ñ;%máhl YS% ,xldj i|yka jqfha ïf,aÉP rgla f,ih' fï jpkh wmf.a yoj; lïmd lrhs' tl, bkaÈhka id.rfha uq;= wegh hhs kï ,;a YS% ,xldj" fmrÈk OdkHd.drh kñka f,dj m%isoaO úh' tjka fi!Nd.Hu;a" fYa%IaG ixialD;shlg Wreulï lS wm YS% ,la foaYhg wo isÿú we;af;a l=ulao@ wmf.a ck fldgia wo yeisfrkafka ienúkau ïf,aÉPhka f,ih' wd.ula ;j;a wd.ula fkdbjihs' cd;shla ;j;a cd;shla fkdbjihs' mdial= breÈk jq ;%ia; m%ydrh ñg lÈu ksoiqkls' tfia kï wm wmf.a foaYh fjkqfjka wo Èk ukiaia:dmkh úh hq;= fkdfõo@ - f,dju .re l< wmg Wreuj ;snq ta W;=ï ixialD;shg wo isÿ fjñka ;sfnk foa ms<sn|j Tn wjÈo@ wm fkd±kqj;aju ngysr lrKh fjñka wmf.a ,iaik ixialD;sldx. wysñ lr .ksñka isáuqo@'''' úfoaYSh ixialD;Ska ;=< f;dard fírd .ekSfuka f;drj wmf.a jákdlï mdjd fokakg ;rï wms kQ.;a jkafka ukao@ fï ms<sn|j idlÉPdjl fhfokak'

ukiaia:dmkh ( YS% ,xldj kj foaYhla f,i olskakg kï wm by; ls fndfyda oE ms<sn|j ukiaia:dmkh úh hq;=h' tf,iu wm rfÜ fjfik ish¿ wd.ñlhkaf.a yd ck fldgiaj, mdmh fjkqfjka o wms ukiaia:dmkh úh hq;=h' wm ish¿ fokd wo 78

Èk ienE ukiaia:dmkhlska wmf.a kmqre ud¾. w;yeßfhd;a wmf.a ohdnr foú mshdKka jykafia wm foaYh foi n,d wmg fi; i,ikq we;'

.S;sldj ( ) mqnqÿ .S wxl 156 —lmd, fy, f;la ''''˜ fyda ) mqnqÿ .S wxl 219 —kj wyil kj fmdf<dj olskakg'''˜

79

20 jk Èkh

O¾uh mokï jQ rdcHhla wdmiq ne,Su ( ) wmf.a ixialD;sh úkdY lrk mdmhg uf.a ls%hd o fya;= ú we;s whqre olskakg yels jqjdo@ thg ukiaia:dmkh fjñka kj foaYhla fj;g kej; yefrkakg úYajdifhka mshjr ;nkakg yels jqjdo@ wm w;ßka ke;s ú f.dia ;sfnk ixialD;sl jákdlï kej; f.dv kÕkakg ;srKhla .kakg yels jqkso@ ) wfma rfÜ ixialD;sl fidaod md¿j flfrys n,mdk wfma ls%hdldß;ajhka fudkjdo@

ojfia iqmqj; ( ñld 6(8 lshjkak' —tïnd ukqIH æ hym;a foa l=ula ±hs iñ|dfKda Tng fmkajd § we;' t;=udfKda Tfnka b,a,kafka l=ulao@ hqla;sh bgq lsÍu;a" ohd fmu ±laùu;a" hgy;a f,i Tfí iñ÷ka iuÕ yeisÍu;a muKls'˜ O¾uh ms<smÈkakd O¾ufha Ôj;a fjhs' f,dfõ ck Ôú;hg n,mE m%Odk;u O¾uhka i;r uq,a nei .;a wfma foaYhg tu w;a±lSfuka fmdaIKh jq Ôú; o¾Ykhla wm yg we;' wm rfÜ m%Odk wd.ï jk fn!oaO" yskaÿ" bia,dï iy ls%ia;shdks O¾uhka i;rla ;snqK;a mkai,a" fldaú,a" m,a,s fldmuK ;snqK;a oyfuka ñksid ÿria:j Èú f.ùu b;d lK.dgq odhl ;;a;ajhls' rgl md,k l%uh mokï úh hq;af;a" foaYSh fyda úfoaYShlska wdkhkh l< fyda jev jiï jdoh" Ok jdoh" ,snr,a jdoh" udlaia jdoh" udkj jdoh" cd;s jdoh" ckjd¾.sl jdoh" wd.ñl Wu;= Y%oaOd jdoh jeks udrejk" 80

fjkiajk u; jdo u; fkdj fn!oaO O¾uh" yskaÿ O¾uh" bia,dï O¾uh yd ls%ia;= O¾uh hkqfjka wm y÷kajk wm m%Odk O¾uhka ys ks¾ud;D jreka bÈßm;a l< —mru i;Hh˜ keue;s iaÓr idr moku u;h' tkï ish¿ O¾uhkays O¾ufha yrh mokï lr f.kh' Y%S ,dxlsl m%cdjf.a fm%!V Wreuh jk fuu m%Odk O¾uhka i;frys yrhka b;d ixCIsma;j fufia jpk .; l< yelsh' 1' fn!oaO O¾uh - uu" ug" uf.a hk uu;ajfha Ndjfha w;a±lSfuka ñ§u" ^p;=rd¾h i;Hh - ÿl" ÿl we;sùug fya;=j" ÿl ke;s lsÍu" ÿl ke;s lsÍfï ud¾.h& 2' yskaÿ O¾uh - f,daflda;a;r mru i;Hh ;=< .s,S ke;sù hdfï w;a±lSfuka mQ¾K;ajhg m;a ùu' 3' bia,dï O¾uh - mrfuda;a;uhdKkag wjk; ùfuka mQ¾K;ajh w;alr .ekSu' 4' ls%ia;shdks O¾uh - mdial= wNsryfia w;a±lSu ;=<ska w;S W;a;Í;r fm%auhdKka jykafiag ztfiahz hkak mejiSfuka Nd.Hjka; Ndjh w;a lr .ekSu'

wm foig ( 1' —O¾uh mqoa., Ôú;fhao" mjq,a Ôú; j,o" moku úh hq;=h'˜ fï ms<sn|j Tn is;kafka l=ulao@ fldf;la ÿrg Tn Ôú; moku O¾uh ù ;sfío@ 2' O¾uh fkdi,lk" O¾uhg msgqmdk" j;auka md,lhska fya;=fjka foaYfhys rc lrk uyd mßudkfha jxpd" ¥IK" .idlEï" iudc mdmh yd jHqy.; mdmh .ek Tng wjfndaOhla ;sfnkjdo@ ta ms<sn|j ±l ±l;a wm fkd±lald fia isákjdo@ wmg .; yels mshjr fudkjdo@ 3' tf,iu Y=oaOd;au ls%hdldÍ;ajh ±lsh yels ;eka .ek" tjka mqoa.,hka .ek wm wjÈ ùula ;sfnkjdo@ 4' bÈß ue;sjrK j,§ wfmaCIlhka f;dard .ekSfï § mCImdg" mqoa.,hkag yd ;uka ,o jdi wdÈhg jy,a fkdù" 81

O¾uhg yd tys yrhkag ióm" mqoa.,hska f;dard .ekSug wmg yelsfõo@

ukiaia:dmkh ( mqnqÿ .S wxl 236 —ioaO¾u oaúmh kñka f,dj Èkq''''˜ - tla jrla fuu .Sh .dhkd lrkak' - wms ukiaia:dmkhg we;=¿ ùu i|yd wms fï .Sh Ndjkd lruq' - w;s;fhaÈ wmf.a ckau N+ñh jq W;=ï YS% ,xldj ye¢kajQfha —ioaO¾u §mh˜ kñks' th wukqIH úukla lf<a flf,io n,ka ;;= úuid' - Wfoa yjd Èjd /fha wm foaYfha keÕ=kq y~ kï" ) ish¿ i;a;ajfhda ksÿla fj;ajd æ ) ksfrda.s fj;ajd æ ) iqjm;a fj;ajdæ hkqhs' ish¿ i;a;ajhka hkqfjka ish¿ cd;ska" wd.ï muKla fkdj i;d isõmdjdo" .ia fld<ka o" fidnd O¾uh o thg we;=<;a ú ;sìKs' tjeks O¾uhla rclï l< foaYhl wo ñksid ñksidg tfrysj lghq;= lrhs' tla wd.ula ;j;a wd.ula fkdreiaihs' i;d isõmdjd wudkqIsl f,i urd ouhs' tmuKla fkdj .ia fld<ka" wmf.a iajNdúl jkdka;r wd;aud¾:ldñ f,i lmd fldgd úkdY lr ouhs' fï ;;a;ajhg wm;a yjq,a ú weoao@ kj foaYhla lrd hdug fyd|u ud¾.h kï ioaO¾u §mhla lrd md keÕSuhs' buy;a jqjukdjlska yd .eUqre úYajdihlska o" w;s uy;a jq n,dfmdfrd;a;=jlska o wmf.a foaYh Wfoid hdÉ[d lruq'

.S;sldj ( mqnqÿ .S wxl 236 —ioaO¾u oaúmh'''˜ 82

21 jk Èkh

wm ieu YS% ,dxlslfhda fjuq' wdmiq ne,Su( ) wm foaYh ;=< O¾ufha Yla;sh ÿ¾j, ùug ls;=kqjka f,i wmf.a ÿ¾j, idlaIs ±Íu o fya;= ú weoao@ wmf.a ls;=kq idlaIsh wkH wd.ñlhkag flfia n,md weoao@ W;a:dk jq ls;= iñ÷kaj" ls;=kq jákdlï wm Ôú; meje;au" mjq,a ;=<ska Tjqkag n,md weoao@ ) wfkl=;a wd.ï ms<sn|j" tajdfha yrh" jákdlï ms<sn|j wm fldf;la ±kqj;ao@ wjÈo@ ) wd.ï w;r iyÔjkh j¾Okh lsÍug wmf.a odhl;ajh flfiao@

ojfia iqmqj; ( Y=' Æla 6(27-31 lshjkak' Y%S ,dxlSlhka hkq ´kEu ck fldgilg" wd.ulg wh;a ,xldfõ Wmka mqoa.,hka jk w;r ;u ckjd¾.sl" wd.ñl wkkH;djh iy ixialD;Ska ;=< f.dvkef`.ñka tlu Ochla fijfka tlu mjq,la f,i tlg isák ck;djls' Y%S ,xldj fuys Ôj;a jk wm ieuf.a ud;D N+ñhhs' isxy," fou<" uqia,sï" n¾.¾" uef,a wd§ úúO ck j¾.hkag wh;a jQj;a" fn!oaO" yskaÿ" bia,dï" ls%ia;shdks wdÈ úúO wd.ï j,g wh;a jQjka" wms ish¿ fokdu Y%S ,dxlslfhda fjuq' tl ujlf. ore le< neúka huq huq ù fkdmud hkqfjka wms ish¿ fokdu Y%S ,dxlsl ud;D N+ñfhys tlu cd;sl .Shla Nla;sfhka .dhkd lrk msßila fjuq' fï iqkaor Èjhsk wmg wdorh lrkakd fiau wms o fuu ud;D N+ñhg wdorh l< hq;= fjuq' 83

w;S;fhaÈ wm foaYh úfoaYSh n,mEï j,ska uqojd f.k ksoyi Wreu lr .ekSu i|yd cd;s wd.ï fNao fkd;ld isxy," uqia,sï" fou<" n¾.¾ ish,a,ka tld fuka igka l<y' b;sydih thg idlaIs orhs' tfy;a wo wms cd;Ska" wd.ï" l=, f,i fn§ fjka ù tlsfkldg tfrys ú isáuq' l=uk ck fldgilg" wd.ulg wm wh;a jqj;a f,dj yuqfõ wmf.a wkkH;djh" YS% ,dxlsl;ajhhs' tfyhska jvd jeo.;a jkafka ckj¾.h" wd.u" l=,h" j¾Kh" Wia ñá my;alï fkdj ukqIH;ajhh' ukao" ukqIHhka yeáhg wmf.a YÍrfha ÿjkafka tlu reêrhhs' wm bmÈ we;af;a fï isß,la fmdf<dfjhs' tfyhska wm ish,a,ka tlu mjq,la fjuq' Ys% ,xld ud;djf.a tlu ore le<la fjuq' tlu kj Y%S ,xldjla lrd md kÕkakg wm wm fjkqfjkq;a" wka ck fldgia" wd.ñlhska fjkqfjkq;a" wmf.a foaYh fjkqfjkq;a ukiaia:dmkh fjñka hdÉ[d lruq' fuys§ wmg Y=' f;f¾id uõ;=ñhf.a lshukla u;la fõ' tkï" —wmg f,dl= foaj,a lsÍug fkdyel' f,dl= fifkyila we;sj l=vd foa l< yelsh' ta ;=<ska wmg úYd, n,meula uq¨ f,dalhgu isÿ l< yelsh'˜ tneúka wka wd.ñlhska" ck fldgia foi wdf,dalfhka n,ñka wka;jdoh msgq olsñka rfÜ tluq;=lug" iyÔjkhg" iduhg" ixj¾Okhg odhl ùug wmg l<yels b;d l+vd fohska mshjr .ksñka kj foaYhlg msh kÕuq'

w;a±lSula ( uu niaßhl fodrgqj wdikakfha wiqkl jdä ù tñka isáfhñ' w;r uÕ§ niaßhg uqia,sï cd;sl hqj,la f.dv jQy' Tjqkaf.a wf;a ;snQ u,a,la wiSrefjka Tijd f.k tk nj ÿgq ud" tu u,a, Tyqf.ka b,a,df.k uf.a Tfvdlal=fõ ;ndf.k 84

meñKsfhñ' uu nifhka nisk ia:dkh <x jQ úg ud wf;a o md¾i,a ;=kla ;snQK neúka ud b,a,d .;a u,a, ud <Õ wiqka f.k isá ;reKhdg ^isxy, cd;sl& ÿka úg Tyq th Ndr .ekSu m%;sfCIam lrk ,§" túg uqia,sï cd;sl ;eke;a;d kej; ;u u,a, Tyq w;g .;af;ah' bkamiq uf.a wf;a ;snqK md¾i,a ;=k;a iuÕ ud keÕS isàug wmyiqfjka isák úg" uqia,sï cd;sl ldka;dj ud <Õ ;snQ tla md¾i,hla f,dl= fifkyilska wehf.a w;g .;a;dh' túg udyg wiqfkka ke.S isàug myiq úh'

fnod .ekSu ( 1' by; isoaêh ms<sn|j Tng yefÕk foa fnod .kak' 2' Y%S ,dxlsl oñ< yd uqia,sï ck;dj fjku rdcHhka b,a,d wd.ï jd§j yd cd;s jd§j lghq;= lsÍu yd ta ;=<ska" mj;sk foaYmd,k mCI Tjqkaf.a jdishg yrjdf.k lghq;= lrkq fmfka' wm Y%S ,dxlslhka yeáhg fï ms<sn|j wmg ;sfnk wdl,am fudkjdo@ 3' —mgq woyia kï mjqfrka f,dalh - len,s j,g fkdfn§ {dkh ksjy,a ù ìfhka f;drj ysi fl<ska ;ndf.k - isákakg yels fldhsfoda tfyjq ksoyfia iaj¾. rdcHhg - udf.a foaYh wjÈ lrkq uek mshdfKks

^rúkaøkd;a ;df.da¾ Y+Íkaf.a fï .S lKavh ;=< wkdjrKh jk foa ms<sn|j Tnf.a woyia fnod .kak'&

wm foaYfha cd;sl .Sh ;=<ska foaYfha iqkaor;ajh" foaYdNsudkh" foaY fma%uh úoyd olajhs' ish¿ ck fldgia wd.ï YS% ,dxlSh Och hgf;a tlai;a lrhs' cd;sl .Sh fufkys 85

lrñka ienE ukiaia:dmkhla ;=<ska ish¿ fNao ÿr,d tlu YS% ,xldjla fuka ke.S isáuq' ta i|yd ls;=kqjka f,i wmf.ka isÿúh hq;= iEu fohlau fkdmiqniakd ù¾hfhka bgq lruq'

.S;sldj ( mqnqÿ .S wxl 107 —mi;=re fnr ko''''˜

86

22 jk Èkh

foúhka jykafia ujd jod< ueú,a, hym;a nj Tjqka jykafia ÿgq fial' wdmiq ne,Su ( ) ck j¾.h" wd.u l=ula jqj;a wms Y%S ,dxlslfhda hk wdl,amh j¾Okh lr .; yels jQjdo@ ) ls;=kqfjl= f,i uf.a wdl,am" is;=ï me;=ï wd.ïjd§" cd;sjd§" j¾.jd§ úh yels o@ ls;=kq fm%auh úYaùhhs' Tn isák ;ek .ek fnod.kak' ) wfkl=;a wd.ïj, we;s jákdlï olsñka w.h lsÍug mshjr .ksuq' ieu fokdgu fma%ufhka hq;=j ukqIH;ajfha kdufhka hqla;sh idOdrK;ajh bgq lrñka iduldó foaYhla f.dv kÕuq'

iqmqj; ( —foúhka jykafia ;uka ujd jod< ish¿ foa krUd th hym;a nj ÿgq fial'˜^W;am;a;s 1(31& foúhka jykafia m<uqj wdf,dalh o" bkamiq uy uqyqo yd wyia l=i o' f.dv ìu o" ish¿ j¾.j, .ia fld<ka o" wyfia mshdir lrk mlaISka o" i;d isjmdjqka o ujd ta ish,a, hym;a nj ÿgq fial' fuh ,la fmdf<dj flfrys fudk ;rï kï i;Hhlao@ ks,ajka wyia l=io" wm foaYh jglr isák uy uqyqo o" rg ueÈka .,d nisk uyje,s" le<Ks" l¿" j,fõ hk .xÕd o wyi Wig ke.S isákakdjQ uy l÷ jeáo" fidNdúl jkdka;r o" tys Ôj;a jkakdjQ w,s we;=ka we;=¿ jk i;=ka o" mshdir lrk mdg mdg l=re,a,ka o" mßirh iqj|j;a lrk úúO u,a j¾. o ta tlsfkl u,a j¾.hg whs;s jQ mdg iy 87

iqj| o foúhka jykafiaf.a yia;fha we;s n,h;a" ueú,af,a we;s iqkaor;ajh;a fudkjg úoyd mdhs' wm ,la uEKshka wmg úúO wdydr j¾. imhd foñka wmj fmdaIKh lrkakSh' ,la fmdf<dj wmf.a uEKshka fia úfgl oE;a È.= lrñka wmg wdorh mdkakS h' ´f;dfuda l=vd orefjl= leiai fyïìßiaidfjka fmf<k úg fld;a;u,a,s weghla ;=<ska iqjh odkh lrkakSh' wmf.a Èj lg mskjk ri m<;=re meKs rUqgka" cukdrka" meKs fodvï" wU" wkakdis''' fudk;rï kï rij;ao@ .y" fld<" je<" wm wdYajdi m%dYajdi lrk mú;% jdhqj wmg ,nd fokakSh' foaYh yryd .,d tkakdjQ .xÕj, mú;% jQ c,h wmg îug" kEug" bùug" msiSug iy mú;% jQ Ôú;hla .; lrkakg Woõ jkakSh' foú÷ka wmg ujd ÿka fï ukyr foaYh' fidndoyu lsis úgl;a wmg yria ù ke;' tfia kï wm fudfyd;la kej;S fu;rï iqkaor" f;acdkaú; foaYhla wmg ,nd ÿkakdjQ foú ufyda;a;uhdKka jykafiag ia;+;s m%Yxid lruq' lreKq tfia ;sìh§ ñksid fmdf<dj ;ukag hg;a lr .kakg" fmdf<djg lDDr ùug .eUqre W;aidyhl fh§ isák wdldrh wmg fmfka' foú÷ka wmg foaYh ndr ÿkafka jeg lvq¿ ne| iSud udhsï oukakg fkdfõ' b;du;a w,xldrj ujk ,o iYs%l jQ ,la fmdf<dj wo ck fldgia w;r fnod .ekSfï fmdrlEul fh§ isà' uq¿ f,dju" fidnd oyñka b;du Wiia f,i ie,l+ ú,am;a;= fidndúl jkdka;rh jqjo úkdY lsÍug ;rï wo ñksid my;a ù we;' l=kq lkao,a iEu ;ekluh' wo ta fjkqjg msgráka jqjo f.fkk .| .ik l=Kq f.dv .ikakg ;rï wfma rfÜ ñksid my;a ù we;' wmg fmfkkqfha ,la fmdf<dj kue;s wmf.a ohdnr wïud oE;a È.= lrñka" l÷¿ i,ñka lrkakdjQ fõokd;aul y~h' wE ksielju wmg fuf,i wNsfhda. lrkq we;' ud Tng lsis úfgl;a tfrysj fkdisáh§" 88

ud Tng fu;rï fma%u lroa§;a" ud Tnj Wfoa yjd Èjd /fha Tfidjd f.k ;=re,a lrf.k isáhÈ;a Tn ug fuf,i lDDr;r jkafka ukao@ tfy;a uu Tng fmr<d fma%u lrñ' mßirhg fnfyúka wdorh l< fidnd oyfï idka;=jrhd jk wisisfha Y=' *%ekaisia uqks;=ud mßirfha w;s uy;a jq w,xldrh j¾Kkd lrñka .ehQ iq¾h .S;h wms fudfyd;la fufkys lruq' ) —W;alDIaG uKav,fha i¾j mrdl%u jq foú mshdKka jykai" Tn jykafiag il, f.!rjh;a" uysuh;a" m%Yxidj;a w;afõjdæ Tn jykafiaf.a W;=x. Y%S kduh ñysmsg ld ygj;a m%ldY l< yelso@ ) Tn jykafiaf.a il, ueú,s w;=ßka ñys;,h t<sh lrk wmf.a wdor ysre fidhqr" ? ojd, fjka lsßug o" ks,a .y fld< M, je,g o Ôjh fokakg Tn fld;rï ldreKsl o@ ) ohdnr i÷ fidhqßh" Tn ;re w;r Èÿ,k wk¾> ;drldjhs' b;ska ohdnr i÷ fidhqßh" Tnf.a fi!uH isis, fld;rï ñysß o@ ) ohdnr iq<x fidhqr" Tn wmf.a .sï ksjd,k wm .; is; iqjm;a lrk w;r" j<dl=¿ tyd fuyd f.k hdug o" ld<.=Kh ,nd §ug o Tn fld;rï fjfyi fjkjdo@ ) ud ohdnr c, ifydaoßh" wm ieuf.;a ish¿ i;=ka isõmdjka yg;a mji ksjd,k .y fld< je,g fmdaIKh ,nd fok Tn fl;rï wñ, o@ ) ud ohdnr .skaor ifydaorh" wm yg wdf,dalh o lEu msiSu we;=¿ WKqiqu ,nd §ug o ;j;a wjYH;d i|ydo Tnf.a iyfhda.h fld;rï w;HjYH o@ ) ñysmsg iudj b,a,d hÈk ukqIHhd fl;rï jdikdjka;o@ úúO m%Yak wNsfhda. yuqfõ ;u Ôõ;h yd wfkla whf.a Ôú; ,iaik lsßug fjfyi jk Tn yg W;alDIaG uKav,fha 89

jev jik wmf.a foú iñ|dfKda ta yeug iaj¾.fha lsre< fkdfok fialao@ ''''˜ wiSisfha Y=' *%ekaisia ;=ud jdih l< wdrdufha j;a; iajdNdúl jk mqIamhkag yd .ia fld<ka j,g jeãug bv yer tajd ÿgq whg' tjeks iqkaor;ajhla ks¾udKh l<djQ foú÷ka fj; ;u is;a tiùug yelshdj Wod lf<ah' f,dalh úi|d .; hq;= .eg¿jlg jvd i;=áska yd meiiqfuka hq;=j fufkys l<hq;= wNsryils' —ueú,af,a f;aci yd fYdank;ajh ii|d tajdfha l;DjrhdKka .ek l,amkd l< yelsh'˜ ^m%{d 13(5&

wm foig ( ^idlÉPd lrkak& 1' —fidnd oyu iqrlsk ñksidj fidnd oyu úiskau /l .kS'˜ fidnd oyug wfma ;sfhk f.!rjh wdorh fln÷o@ 2' ueú,af,a iqkaor;ajh yd ukyr nj flf,ik wjia:d fudkjd o@ 3' mjqf,a tlsfkld ;=<" wm jgd msgdfõ we;s fidndúl ueú,s ;=< fï ukyr nj iqkaor;ajh Tn olskjdo@ 4' b|ysg fyda f.j;af;a .yla fld<la wNsuqj fudfyd;la /£ ta ;=<ska m%ldY jk foú÷kaf.a iqkaor;ajh" ukyr nj w;aolskakg Tng wjia:djla .kakg yels ù ;sfío@ tneúka wms ukiaia:dmkh fjuq' ukiaia:dmkh ;=< kj foaYhla fj; yefreuq' ol=Kq wms%ldkq ro.=re u~q,a, úiska m%ldY lr we;af;a —ñksid úiska foaj ueú,a, ¥IKh lsÍu u.ska lr we;s ydkshg ms<shï fh§u msKsi yeu fokdf.au ;f,ka;= yd ueÈy;aùu wjYHh'˜ ta i|yd foaj jrm%idoh ;=< ish¿ fokdu iyfhda. fhka lghq;= l< hq;= njh' 90

fï foaYh wdf,dalu;a foaYhla lrd /f.k hkakg kï wmf.a ohdnr wïud kej;;a mS%;shg muqKqjkakg kï wef.a l÷¿ msi oukakg kï Tn;a ud;a wm ieu flfklau ienúkau ukiaia:dmkhlg we;=¿ úh hq;=h'

.S;sldj ( mqnqÿ .S wxl 57 —ksi, njhs u| mjkhs'''˜

91

23 jk Èkh

ir, pdï Èú fmfj; wdmiq ne,Su ( —m%Yxid fõjd ud iñ÷kag˜ - wmf.a fmdÿ ksjyk jk fidnd oyu iq/lSu ms<sn|j Y=oafOda;a;u *%ekaisia mdma jykafiaf.a úYaj pl% f,aLKhg uq,a jQfha wiSisfha Y=' *%ekaisia ;=udf.a fidnd oyu ms<sn| jQ w,xldr .Shhs' t;=uka fidnd oyug fl;rï wdorh l<do h;a br" y| ;drld yd uy fmdf<djg '''' wduka;%Kh lf<a fidfydhqr" fidhqßh" wïud''' hk wdÈ jYfhks' tmuK m%udKhg uq¿ fidnd oyugu t;=ud wdorh lf<ah' t;=ud Ôj;a jQ wdrduh ;snqfka le,Ejla ueoh' jk i;=ka o l=re,af,da o t;=ud tk;=re n,d isáfhdah' r;= bkaÈhdkq cd;sl b;d fYa%IaG f.da;s%l kdhlfhl= jk ishefg,a ;ukaf.a ud;D N+ñh /l .ekSu i|yd th nf,ka mjrd .kakg W;aidy l< weußldkq ckdêm;s jrhdg ,shQ ,smsh mßirh ms<sn|j tod fuod ;=r ,sjQ b;du;a w,xldr yd fYa%IaG;u ,smsh f,i f,dj ms<s .ks' tys Tyq fufia i|yka lrhs' —;udf.a foaYfha jQ w,xldrh b;d wmQrejg úia;r lrk Tyq th úkdY fkdlrk f,i;a' bÈß mrïmrdjg th ;E.s lrk f,i;a Tyqf.ka b,a,d isà˜ tu ksidu ckdêm;sjrhd ishefg,af.a ck;djg fjku N+ñ m%foaYhla Ôj;a ùug ,nd ÿks'

ojfia iqmqj; ( 1972 jif¾ § muK wm rg uqyqK ÿka oreKq úfoaY úksufha wiSre;djh bÈßfha wm foaYh uqyqK mE wiSre;djhg ms<s;=rla jYfhka furg fn!oaO idrO¾u iy cd;sl meje;au w.h lrñka mqnqÿ ;reK ;reKshka yd mqnqÿ ck;dj jYfhka 92

foaYhg ms<s;=rla jkq i|yd foaYSh ksIamdokhkag" foaYSh ixialD;shg ;ek foñka pdï ir< Ôú; meje;aulg iy ixialD;sl m%fndaOhlg yels Yla;sfhka odhl ùuq' nyq cd;sl iud.ï uÕska bÈßm;a lrk weia nekaÿï rgdfõ Ñ;a;dl¾IKSh foag yiq fkdù isrerg" mßirhg ys;lr mßirhla ieliSfï" Ôú; jákdlï" l%sia;= ±lau biau;= jk wdldrhg Ôú;fhka ms<s;=re §ug wms wjÈ jQ fjuq' fndÿ oyfï nyq;rhla fjfik Y%S ,la forKg wdfõKsl jQ wvq n,dfmdfrd;a;=jg bv foñka" nyq NdKav jdoh msgq olsñka ueo ms<sfj; fyj;a uOHu m%;smodjg .re lrkd Èú meje;aulg" tkï" ir< pdï Èú fmj;la fyj;a w,afmaÉP Èúfmfj;lg wfma bÈß meje;au f.k hkakg wms wÈgka lr .;suq' w,afmaÉP Ôú; moku u; f.dvkef.k ñksid" wdYd" wfmaCId" wjYH;d ke;s mqoa.,fhla fkdfõ' ñksid wdYd" wfmaCId we;s mqoa.,fhla ùu widudkH fkdfõ' ñksid lïue,s YS;, ñksfila fkdjkakg Tyqf.a wd¾Ól Ôú;h" iudc Ôú;h ks;ru bÈß wfmaCIdjla we;s Ôú;hla úh hq;=uh' tfukau th iaj-wdOHd;añl md,khlska hq;a meje;aula úh hq;=h' túg Tyqf.a Ôú;hg úkhla we;s fõ' Tyq iEySulg m;a fõ' ukao th Tyqg Tyqf.a O¾uh úiska fokq ,nk wOHdñl;ajhhs' tfia O¾ufha ±lau ;u Ôú;fha moku lr.;a ;eke;a;d iQfLdamfnda.sfhl= fkdfõ' w;s mßfNdackjdÈfhl= fkdfõ' ta lsisjlg jy,a fkdjQ wkaO wdYdjkaf.ka ±fjk ;eke;af;l= o fkdfõ' nqÿ oyñka jir oyia .Kkdjla mqrd wm ,la ck Ôú; yev .kajd we;af;a fuu w,afmaÉP Ôú; meje;aug wkql+,jh' yskaÿ" bia,dï yd ls;=kq oyfuka o uÕ fmkajk Ôú; meje;au jkafka" fuu ir< pdï Èú fmfj;uh' tneúka O¾uh mokï 93

lr .;a rdcH md,khlska" ñksidj iEySug m;a lrk ir, pdï Ôú; meje;aula i|yd wm rfÜ ixj¾Ok ±lau fhduq lsÍu w;HdjYHh' n,dfmfrd;a;= rdYshlska ;u Ôú;h" ;ukag;a" ;u mjqf,a ieug;a" iudchg;a" wm foaYhg;a fjfyila" nrla lr fkdf.k" w,am-bÉP" tkï" hï iSñ;" iaj,am-w,am n,dfmdfrd;a;=jl /£ ir, pdï Ôú; .uk mqrKq i|yd fhda.H Ôú; ixialD;shla fjkqfjka iqÿiq iudc jákdlï fj; wm yeßh hq;= fudfyd;-meh" Wodù we;'

wm foig ( 1' ir< pdï Ôú; meje;au hkqfjka Tn fu;la woyia lf<a l=ulao@ tys kshu w¾:h l=ulao@ 2' wm foaYhg tu Ôú; meje;au flfia ms<s;=rla fõo@ 3' mqnqÿ wfma b.ekaùug wkqj tÈfkod wmf.a W;aij lghq;= ux.,Hhka" úfYaI wjia:djka wms iurkafka flfiao@ È<ska|dg idx>sl jkakg mqyq jákdlï mfil ,kakg iqÿ uqÿ újdyhg we;=¿ ùug wmg ,enqKq foaj jpkhg wmf.a idlaIs ±Íu flfia ùo@ iqÿ uqÿ újdy Ôú;hg we;=¿ jQ wmf.a mjq,a j,ska ls;=kq" ir, pdï Ôú;h f,djg m%ldY fõo@ 4' È<ska|dg" wks;a wd.ñlhskag" foaYhg yd ir, Ôú;hg idlaIshla jkakg iqÿ we÷fuka ieriS Y=oaOjQ ÈjH mQcd hd.hg iyNd.s ùug wm .;a mshjr ÿ¾j, ùo@ 5' ls;=kq Ôú;h ;=< msì§fï w;a±lSu u.ska foaYh mqnqÿjkakg le|ùu ,;a wm ;=<ska ir, pdï Ôú;h wka whg wNsfhda.hla jk mßÈ m%ldY fõo@ ke;fyd;a wms;a f,!lsl jákdlïj, jyf,la ùo@

ukiaia:dmkh fjuq yefruq —ud wkqj tkak˜ hk wm ,enQ iñ÷ we/hqu wmg u;la lrkqfha foúhka jykafiau jQ ls;= iñ|dfKda uq¿ uy;a 94

ueú,af,au whs;s lrejdKka jqj;a Tjqka jykafiag bmfokakg ;ekla fkdùh' bmÿfka ñksid ms,sl=,a lrk .j uvqjl h' ysj¨kg fnko" wyfia mlaISkag leo,s o we;' tfy;a Tjqka jykafiag ysi ;nd .kakg ;ekla fkdùh' Tjqka jykafiag ñh hkakg o ;ekla fkdùh' wyig;a fmdf<djg;a ueÈj ñh .shy' j<,kq ,enqfõ wka flfkl=g whs;s fidfydka f.hlh' —;u Ôú;h /l .kakd th ke;s lr .kS' foú÷ka Wfoid ;u Ôú;h ke;s lr .kakd th /l .kakd nj ls%ia;=ka jykafia ;u Ôú; hd.fhkau fmkajQ fial' tfyhska fudfyd;ska fudfyd; foú÷kaÿkaf.ka hefmñka ir, pdï Èú meje;aula ;=<ska ls;= iñ÷ka wkqj hñka foaYhg wNsfhda.hla fjuq'˜ tfyhska ls%ia;=ka jykafia wkqj hk wmg Tjqka jykafia fufia wNsfhda. lr;s" —ud jod< foa fkdlr" ug iajdñks iajdñks lshk ish,af,dau iaj¾. rdcHhg we;=¿ fkdjkafkdah' tfyhska wm ukiaia:dmkh fjuq' úfYaIfhka mqnqÿ Ôú; .uk ;=< Y=oaOd;auhdKka wm yd fnod f.k ;sfnk ir, Ôú; meje;aug wjxlj idlaIs oruq' ta ;=<ska hym;a jQ" fi!Nd. Hu;a jQ ish,a,kaj tl yd iudkj i,lk mS%;su;a jQ kj foaYhlg yefruq'

.S;sldj ( mqnqÿ .S wxl 109 —msìfok mshqul ''''˜

95

24 jk Èkh

Ñka;k úma,jhla lrd wdmiq ne,Su ( fm!oa.,slj" mjq,la f,i" ix>hla f,i ir, pdï Ôú;hg idlaIs ±Íu ms<sn|j wms wjÈ jQfhuq' ud $wm ;=<ska .s,syS we;s tu jákdlï kej; we;s lr .ekSug mshjr .; yels jqKso@ ls%ia;= jákdlï j,ska wms thg idlaIs oruq' kj foaYhla ìys lr,kakg lem fjuq'

ojfia iqmqj; ( —ukqIH is;l cks; ù uq¿ uy;a f,dalhgu m%n, n,mEula we;s lrk is;=ú,s fya;=fldgf.k we;sjk l%shdldÍ;ajh˜ Ñka;k úma,jhla f,i ye¢kaúh yelsh' b;sydih wdrïNfha mgka fujka fndfyda Ñka;k úma,j" úúO ld, jljdkq j,§" úúO fCIa;% Tiafia isÿ ù we;' tajd w;r f,!lsl" fN!;sl f,dalh id¾:l lrjk tajd fukau" wdOHd;añl msì§ula" wNsjDêhla lrd ukqIHhd fufyhjk tajdo úh' WodyrK f,i" ld¾ñl lrKh fyj;a f,kska bÈßm;a l< udlaiajd§ iudc úma,jh o uy;aud .dkaê ;=udf.a wúysxidjd§ úma,jh o ±laúh yelsh' ienE Ñka;k úma,jhla hkq l=ulao@ tys wvx.= úh hq;= .=Kdx. fudkjdo@ th ;udg;a" uq¿ uy;a ukqIH j¾.hdg;a" ish¨u i;=kag;a" mßirhg;a fldákau lshf;d;a uq¿ uy;a iajNdO¾uhg;a" fï wkka; úYajh lrd úys§ hd hq;= mQ¾K fm%auh fkdfõo@ fuu Ñka;k úma,jfha iajNdjh kï" mQ¾K mrd¾:ldó nj" lreKdj" ohdj" ksy;udkS nj" iduh" B¾IHd fkdlsÍu" WvÕ= fkdùu" WfmaCIdj" ld¾hY+r nj" fnod .ekSu" wfkldg ksrka;rfhkau msysg ùu wd§ .+Kdx. rdYshl tl;=j fõ' fuys lsisÿ ;ekl uu;ajh wka;¾.; fkdfõ' uu" uf.a" 96

ug lshk ixl,amfhka ñ§" ksoyiaj wm lghq;= lrkúg" uq¿ uy;a iudchgu bka hym;la isÿjk w;r" tys m%Odku m%;s ,dNshd uu ùu o fkd±kqj;aj fyda isÿ úh yel' uy;aud .dkaê ;=uka fufia mjihs¦ —ñksia cd;sh tlu cd;shla jk f;la" f,dalh úYaj ifydaor;ajh lrd .uka lrkq we;' fï fmdÿ .ukdka;h lrd hk .uk" Tng fyda ug keje;aúh fkdyel'˜ Ñka;k úma,jh m%:ufhkau ;ud ;=<;a" fojkqj úúO iudc ;, j, Èú f.jk kdhlldrd§ka ;=<;a" we;s úh hq;=h' Ñka;k úma,jhlg wd.ól Ydia;Dka jykafia,d bÈßm;a l< oyu kshu mokuls' tfyhska wm tlsfkldf.a oyu wkqj m%dfhda.slj wmf.a wOHd;auh" wm is;k m;k úÈh f.dvkÕkq ,nkafka wmf.a Ñka;k rgdfjka h' wmf.a is;=ú,s iuqodfhka h' wmf.a Ñka;kh hym;a yd idOdrK jk yd wNsfhda.d;aul jk muKg uq¿ foaYhgu fi; ie,fia' ls;= oyu ;=< mQ¾K fm%auh" nqÿ oyu ;=< uOHu m%;smodj fyj;a mxp YS,h" yskaÿ oyu ;=< f,daflda;a;r fohska ñ§ mru i;H ;=< .s,S ke;sù hdu" bia,dï oyu ;=< mrfuda;a;uhdKkag mQ¾Kj wjk; ùu' l%sia;shdksh ;=< l%sia;=ka jykafia foi ne,Su" u.ska ls%ia;=ka jykafiaf.a is;" ^Tjqka jykafiaf.a Ñka;kh yd ±lau& wkdjrKh fõ'

ls;= iñ÷kaf.a Ñka;kh '''' ) —ls%ia;=ka jykafia ;=< mej;s Ôú;dl,amhu Tn ;=<;a mj;Sjd˜ ^ms,smams 2(5& ) —ne.E is;ska foõ irK m;kafkda Nd.Hjka;fhda h' iaj¾. rdcHh Tjqkaf.ah' fYdal jkafkda Nd.Hjka;fhda h" Tjqyq 97

iekiSu ,nkafkda h'''iduh we;s lrkafkda Nd.Hjka;fhda h" Tjqka foúhka jykafiaf.a mq;%fhda hhs lshkq ,nkafkda h' hqla;sh Wfoid mSvd ú¢kafkda Nd.Hjka;fhda h" iaj¾. rdcHh Tjqkaf.a h' ñksiqka ud ksid Tng kskaod mSvd fldg" kdkd úO wi;H fpdaokd kÕk l, Nd.Hjka;fhda h' mS%;s m%fudao jkak ukao" iaj¾.fha Tfí M, úmdl buy;ah' Tng fmr isá Èjeisjrhkag;a Tjqyq tf,iu mSvd l<y'˜ ^Y=' uf;õ 5(1-12& ls%ia;=ka jykafiaf.a ±lau" tkï Y=oaOjQ nhsn,fha uq¿ yrhu fuu Nd.H wfgka ms<sìUq fõ' fuh foaj rdcHfha ±lauhs' fuu Ñka;kh fuf,dj rdcHhkays Éka;khkag mriamr úfrdaê fõ' tkï ls;= iñ÷ka we;s lf<a n,.;= Ñka;k úma,jhls' th uq¿ úYajfhau hym; ;ldh' wfma ls;=kq idlaIs ±Íu" Ñka;kh Nd.H wgg ióm o@ ls%ia;=ka jykafia m%isoaO Ôú;h mqrdu l< lS ish¿ oE kj Ñka;khla f.k yer olajhs' Wod( ) Y%djlhka f;dard .ekSu' ^úúO ;rd;srïj, mqoa.hka tys úh& ) fiajl kdhl;ajh ms<sìUq lrñka ;u Y%djlhskaf.a mdo fia§u' ) iudj §u" fma%u lsÍu È<skaodg - mSä;hdg hqla;sh bgq lsÍu' ) mõldr ia;s%hg iudj foñka mdmh yd mõldrhd foi neÆ ±lau' ) hdÉ[dj" Wmjdih" oka §u' ) foaj rdcHfha ohdj" lreKdj ms<sn|j - —wka;sufhda m%:ufhdao" m%:ufhda wka;sufhdao jkafkdah'˜ ^Y=' uf;õ 20(1-16& th tl, md,lhkag uy;a wNsfhda.hla úh' tu ksidu Tjqka jykafiaj urd ±uQy' tfy;a Tjqkajykafiaf.a kj Ñka;k úma,jh urKhgj;a keje;aùug fkdyels úh' j¾;udkfha mjd ls;=kqjka muKla fkdj fndfyda wkH 98

wd.ñlhska o Tjqkajykafia fjkqfjka Ôú; mß;Hd. lrhs' Y=' iNdj fï;dla .,d tafï ryi o ta Yla;shhs' tneúka wfma Ñka;k rgdj ls%ia;= Ñka;khg wkql+, o@ wo j¾:udkfha wm l:d lrk fndafyda Ñka;khka úfYaIfhkau" Ôú;fha id¾:l;ajfha ysksfm;a;gu <Õd fjk Okd;aul Ñka;khg jvd ls%ia;= Ñka;kh b;d fYa%IaG fõ" fjkia fõ" úma,jldß fõ" wd;aud¾:ldó fkdfõ" ish¿ ukqIHhkaj ksoyia lrk úuqla;sh f.k fok Ñka;khla fõ' ls;= iñ|dKka isÿ l< úma,ùh n,mEu ;u Èúh ;=< w;aÿgq pß; tod fuod ;=r f,dalfhys úma,ùh fmr<Ska isÿfldg we;' tjeks pß; fu;lehs lsj fkdyel' ta w;ßka fofofkla .ek wms l:d lruq' ) 23 jk cqjdï mdma jykafia mdma OQrhg m;a jk úg" fndfyda wh lSfõ jhil mdma ;=fula f,i m;a ù" mdma ;=ful= f,i f.!rjdkaú; urKhla ,eìh yels úkd t;=ukag lsisjla l< fkdyels njh' tfy;a t;=ukaf.a Ñka;kh t;=ukaf.a jhig wNsfhda.hla úh' uq¿ Y=' iNdju kj;djhlg m;a lsÍug uq, msreKq fofjks j;sldk uka;%K iNdfõ wdrïNlhd t;=udKka h' jir 5la ;=< mdma ;=ful= f,i t;=uka l< fiajh woaú;Sh —iyY%fha ñksid˜ f,i tl, t;=udj y÷kajd fok ,§' iudcfha b;d È<s÷u" mSä;u mqoa.,hdf.a mjd yo .eiau t;=ud iam¾Y l<y' ) j¾:udk wm Y=oafOda;a;u *%ekaisia mdma jykafia o mdma OQrhg m;a jQ jydu" fiajl kdhl;ajh ms<sìUq lrñka kj mdma ;=ud f,i ck;dj bÈßfha ysi kud ;udg hdÉ[d lrk f,i b,a,Sh' j;sldkfha r;= ldmÜ fjkia lrk ,§' Wkajykafiaf.a we÷u ir, úh' iqÿ uqÿjla m<|jkq ,eîh' r;= im;a;= fjkqjg l¿ im;a;= me<£h' ;jo 99

wêl mßfNdack jdoh" iudc widOdrKfha úIu;djh ;rfha fy,d olsñka uxudj;aj," frday,aj," isrf.j,a j, mSä;hka fidhd hhs' j¾:udkfha§ iqvdk rdcHfha iduh m;d tu ish¿ md,lhkaf.a mdo ism .;af;a f,dj ish¿ md,lhska úYaum;a lrjñks' t;=ud foaYkd lrk foa Ôj;a lrk mqoa.,fhls'

ukiaia:dmkh( wmf.a tÈfkod Ôú;h ;=<§ wm ;SrK .kafka" ls%hd lrkafka flfiao@ w,afmaÉP Èú meje;au" È<skaodg udxY.; ùu" wfkl=;a wd.ñlhka foi n,k wdldrh" wmf.a orejkajkaf.a Ñka;kh f.dvke.Su" iajNdúl mßirh" wm Ndú;d lrk foa ^fj,dj ne,Sug ñ< wêl fyda ñ< wvq Trf,daiqjla wmg Ndú;d l< yel' tlu ia:dkhlg .uka lrkakg ÿïßh" ;s%ú,rh fyda fnkaia ld¾ tlla wmg Ndú;d l< yel''&''' ms<sn|j wfma Ñka;kh flfiao@ ukiaia:dmkh ;=<ska ls%ia;= Ñka;khg yefrñka kj foaYhla f.dv kÕkakg wms úma,jhla fjuq'

.S;sldj ( mqnqÿ .S wxl 99 —ks;s wm iqrlsk''''˜

100

25 jk Èkh

È<s÷kaf.a iNdjla ;=<ska kj foaYhla lrd wdmiq ne,Su ( fï hq.h o Ñka;k úma,jhla wjeis hq.hls' mqoa.,fhl= ;=< we;sjk ienE Ñka;k úma,jhlska iudc fmr<shlg uq,msßh yels fõ' wd.ñl Ydia;Dka jykafia,d bÈßm;a l< ±lau Ñka;k úma,jhlg kshu ±lauls' ls;=kq Y%djlfhl= f,i ls%ia;=ka jykafiaf.a ±lau Tng fudk ;rï n,mEula lr we;ao@ ls%ia;=ka jykafiaf.a ±laug yiq jQ pß; f,dj ;=< isÿ lr we;s n,mEu .ek wms idlÉPd lf<uq' tu pß; .ek;a Tn .ek;a idlÉPd lrkak'

ojfia iqmqj; ( fhidh 65(17-25 lshjkak fuu Y=oaO ,shú,a, fmkajd fok .e<ùu yqfola fm!oa.,sl .e<ùula muKla fkdfõ' th fm!oa.,slj o" iduqyslj o w;a ú¢k úuqla;shls' yqÿ ñksid muKla m;k úuqla;shla o fkdfõ' th uq¿ uy;a ueú,a,u úYajhu w;aolsk .e<ùuls' kj iudc wd¾Ól l%uhls' Y=' ¨la 4(18-19 ls%ia;=ka jykafia m%ldY l< .e<ùu l=ula o@ úfYaIfhka È<s÷ka yd mSä;hska uq,a lrf.k we;s jqjls' th w;aú¢h yelafla uq¿ ñksia ixy;shu mSä;hskaf.a .e<ùug ls%hd lsßu ;=< h' ls%ia;=ka jykafia È<s÷ka Wfoid È<skafola jQ fial' fÊiqia ls%ia;=ka jykafia Wm; ,enqfõ .jf,fkl" ye§ jevqfka lïlre mjq,l" urKhg m;a lrkq ,enqfõ l=rei .il" 101

;ekam;a lrkq ,enqfõ wkqkaf.a fidfydkl' ;u whs;sjdislï w;a y<" ysia l< ish,a,kag ish,a, jqfjls' ls%ia;=ka jykafia È<s÷kaf.a me;af;ah' wkqkaf.a hym; .ek i,lkak' ^ms,smams 2(4& fï wfkld hkq ljfrla o@ ;udf.a ifydaorhdh' fÊiqia jykafiaf.a b.ekaùug wkqj hym;a iuß;dkq jrhdf.a Wmudj ;=< fmkajd fok mßÈ lõo Tyqf.a wi,ajeishd jqfha@ È<skaod msä;hd h' Tng we;s fohska oka fokak'^Y=' ¨la 11(41& fNdack ix.%yhg È<skaoka le|ùu' ^Y=' ¨la 14(7-14& ish,a, úl=Kd È<s÷kag fokak' ^Y=' ¨la 18(22& ls%ia;=ka jykafia w;a±lald foúhka jykafia ksrka;rfhkau È<ska|df.a mSä;hdf.a me;af;a nj' Wkajykafia ;=<ska m%ldY jqfhao foúhka jykafiaf.a is;hs' nhsn,h ;=< È<skaod ( È<skaod hkq yqfola is;ska È<skaod hkak muKla fkdfõ' È<ska|d fyda ÿ.shd i|yd fhfok ysnDD jok f;areï .; hq;=h' —wkdúï˜ fyda —wkSï˜ tys w¾:h È<ska|ka h" msä;hka h' ienúkau wd¾Ól jYfhka ÿ.S whh' .e<ùu jvd wfmalaId lrkafka fuu ÿ.Ska yd msä;hska h' fuu ÿ.ska yd mSä;hskag iNdjla f,i" foaj ck;djla f,i ,nd fok .e<ùuodhl mKsjqvh l=ula o@ cdfldí 2(14-16 ys fmkajd fok mßÈ" —Tn ÿla mSvdj ordf.k isákak' túg Tng iaj¾.fhaÈ iod iem; ,efíú˜ fufia lSu fÊiq ;=uka ;=< È<ska|d ms<sn| jq is;g mgyeksh' È<s÷kag mjik iqndrxÑh hqla;sh" idOdrK;ajh ms<sn| iqndrxÑhhs' wd¾Óluh f,i mSvdjg m;aùu mj;sk ;dlal,a iudchla ksoyia fkdjkq we;' ke;s neß flkd ;j ÿrg;a ke;s neß lrjk" we;s yels wh ;j ;j;a we;s yels 102

lrjk wd¾Ólhlska È<s÷ka yg úuqla;sh o fkdfõ' ta ksid úh hq;af;a È<s÷ka ke;s wd¾Ól l%uhla f.dv kexúsuhs' th foú÷kaf.a leue;a;hs' fmdfrdkaÿ foaYh ;=< mej;s ifydaor;ajfha" idx>sl;ajfha wd¾Ól l%uhls' ^ls%hd fmd; 2(42-47& uq,a ls;=kq ix>h ;=< mej;s wd¾Ól ±lau È<s÷kaf.a iNdjl mokuhs' ish,af,da tla fjñka ieu fohlau fmdÿfõ ;nd .;a iams%;=jla Tjqkaf.a wOHd;añl;ajfha úh' th ls%ia;= ;=ukaf.a ix>hhs' È<s÷ka Wfoid jq ix>hhs' wisisfha Y=' *%ekaisia uqks÷ tjlg ;snq ks, iNdjg È<s÷kaf.a me;a; f.k È<skaod Wfoid È<skafola ú È<s÷kaf.a iNdjla jkakg Ôú;fhka wNsfhda. l<d' tjlg isá mdma ;=uka mä fm<ska nei ish,a,ka bÈßfha ÿú,s ;ejreKq wisisfha *%ekaisia uqks÷kaf.a fomd isU th ms<s .;a;d' —;u i;= ish,a, w;a fkdyßk lsisfjl= udf.a f.da,hl= úh fkdyelsh'˜ m<uq fldg Wkajykafiaf.a rdcHh o O¾ñIalu o fidhkak' È<s÷kaf.a iNdjla Wfoid lrk wr.,fha wOHd;añl;ajfha m<uq ,laIKh hqla;sh bgq lsßuhs' úuqla;sh Wfoi lem ùuhs' j¾:udkh ;=< wfma m,a,sfha ux.,Hhka" foajia:dk bÈlsßï" újdy ux., W;aij" wm Ôj;a jk rgdj fldf;la ÿrg ÿ.shkag iqndrxÑhla o@ È<skaodj ksoyia lrkjd o@

lKavdhï idlÉPdj ( ) Tnf.a Ôú; meje;au foi n,kak' ls;=kqfjla f,i Tn .; lrk Ôú; ms<sfj, fldf;la ÿrg È<s÷kaj ksoyia lrkjdo@ ) Tn È<s÷ka fjkqfjka ne,aula fy,k flfkla o@ È<s÷ka Wfoid Tn hqla;sh bgq lrk msKsi .kakd mshjrj,a fudkjdo@ 103

) È<s÷kag tfrysj is;ska jpkfhka ls%hdfjka w;miq lsßfuka isÿjqkq fndfyda widOdrKlï Wfoid ukiaia:dmkh fjuq' ta i|yd tlsfkld wfoid hdÉ[d lruq'

.S;sldj ( mqnqÿ .S wxl 208 —È<skafoks Tn Nd.Hjka;hhs''''˜

104

26 jk Èkh

Okjdoh mßlaIdjls" W.=,ls" fndfyda oreKq ;=jd, we;s lrk kmqre u.ls' wdmiq ne,Su ( ) ls%ia;=ka jykafia m%ldY lrk .e<ùu l=ulao@ È<s÷ka yd mSä;hska uq,a lrf.k we;s jqjls' fmr Èkfha iqmqj; ;=<ska thg wjÈ ùug yels ùo@ ) È<s÷ka Wfoid wm úiska lrk ,o widOdrKlï fjkqfjka ukiaia:dmkh jkakg mq¿jka jqkdo@

ojfia iqmqj; ( 1 ;sfuda;s 6(9-10 lshjkak Okh krl fohlao@ lsisfia;a fkdue;' thg wdYd ùu" lEorùu tfia fkdue;s kï Okh BYajr;ajfhka msÈu" foúhka fldg ie<lSu mdmhls" kmqre ud¾.hls' ^Y=' uf;õ 6(24& Okhg fiajh lsÍu ;=< Tn tys jyf,l= jkafka h' tfia úfuka Tn uq¿ukskau fufyhjkq ,nkafka Okh úiska h' mqoa.,hd isg rfÜ rdcH md,lhd olajdu fiajh lrkq ,nkafka" fufyhjkq ,nkafka Okh úiska kï ta iudch Okh uq,sl lr.;a; iudchls' tjeks iudchl m%;sM,h jkafka mßlaId j,g;a" W.=,a j,g;a yiqùuh - kdia;shg;a úkdYhg;a muqKqjk fkdfhl=;a fudav ksIaM, ;DIaKdj,g jiÕ ùuh' fujeks ;;a;ajhl rfg;a" ck;djf.a;a" md,lhkaf.a;a wOHd;añl;ajh lvd jeáulg" iodpdrd;aul ì| jeáulg yd ukqIH;ajh msßySulg ,la ùug bv lv we;' Okjdofha meje;au we;af;a m%d.a Okh ;=<h' m%d.aOkfha meje;au we;af;a ,dNh u;h' ,dNh ke;skï m%d.a Okhla fkdue;' 105

m%d.aOkh ke;s kï Okjdofha meje;aula fkdue;' m%d.aOkh mej;Sug jeämqr ,dN wjYHhh' ta i|yd wjYH fukau wkjYH NdKav o úlsKsh hq;=h' ta i|yd Tjqka fjf<| fmd<la yo;s' fjf<|fmd, m%d.aOk ysñhka yd fjf<kaoka úiska fufyhjkq ,nhs' m%d.aOk ysñhka hkq f,dalfha wdodhfuka 80]la N=la;s ú¢k iqmsß n,j;=ka h' nyq cd;sl iud.ïj, ysñlrefjda Tjqka h' ^Wod( fldldflda,d' uelafvdk,aâ" fkiaf,a" fI,a .Eia& m%d.aOk ysñhd NdKav muKla fkdj tu NdKav ñ,§ .kakd ñksfil= ks¾udKh lrhs' ta i|yd úYd, uqo,la jeh lrñka udOH yryd fj<| ±kaúï m%pdrKh lrhs' ^úúO ;rÕ mj;ajhs'& iqN idOk jev igyka mj;ajhs' tajdg wkq.%dyl;ajh imhhs'& fuf,i idok ñksid wê mßfNdackjdÈ" ;DIaKdnß;" wd;aud¾:ldñ" kdia;sldr" úkdYldß ñksfils' ñksfila muKla fkdj ixialD;shl=;a ks¾udKh lrhs' ðjk rgdjla ^Life Style& ta ixiald;shg lshkqfha neyer lrkq ,nk ixialD;shhs' ^.;a;d" mdúÉÑ l<d" úis l<d& úis lrk ixialD;sl udkisl;ajhlg yev .eiqkq ñksfila fuu fj<|fmd, ;=<ska ks¾udKh fõ' wm mßfNdackh lrk foa ljrdldr o hkak ;SsrKh lrkafkao m%d.aOk ysñhd úiskau h' ^lk fndk foa" w¢k m<¢k foa" bkak ysák ;ek& ish,a,u ;srKh lrkqfha m%d.aOk ysñhka úiska ilia lrk ,o fj<|fmd, úiska h' fuu fj<| wêm;ska úiska ish wd;au ,dNh ;ld ^foaYmd,k wdêm;H& rfÜ md,k n,h yd ^ck;d mrudêm;H& tu md,k n,h fufyhjk ck;djf.a n,h ish;g f.k wd¾Ólh ;ukag ßis fia fufyhjkq ,nhs' ^1 fldfrka;s 6(10& ck;djf.a mrudêm;H n,h foaYmd,k wêldßh úiska ;u wd;au ,dNh ;ld ,efnk fldñia uqo, yd fkdfhl=;a jrm%ido fjkqfjka fj<| wêm;skag mejÍu ;=<ska foaYhla f,i wms úYd, wd¾Ól w.dOhlg jeá 106

;sfí' tmuKla fkdj" iodpdrd;aul msßySulg ,la fjñka ;sfí' —ish¿u wd¾Ól yd iudc Ôú;fha kdhlhd;a flakaøh;a" b,lalh;a ñksid h' iudc m%Yakhk ;SrKd;aul jkafka foúhka jykafia uejq jia;=j ish¿ ñksiqka Wfoid nj;a ta ish,a, idOdrK;ajh yd ohdj u; mokïj idOdrKj ish,a,kagu ,eìh hq;= ksidh˜ ^lf;da,sl iNd O¾u WmfoaYh wxl 2459& iqmsß n,j;=ka" fj<| wêm;ska úiska ish;g foaYmd,k wdêm;H .ekSfuka rfÜ we;s jk mdßißl ydksh;a úYd,h' thska tla ksoiqkla fuys i|yka lrñ' fmdÿ hym; Wfoid mkjk ,o cd;Hka;r iïuq;ska fkdi,ld yer 2013 isgu Ys% ,xldjg úfoaY rgj, frday,a wmøjH fï rgg lkafÜk¾ msáka f.kajd we;' tu wmøjH ;=< ñksia isrere fldgia" úI ridhksl wmøjH we;s nj i|yka flf¾'

lKavdhï idlÉPd i|yd ( ) foú÷ka mfil ,d Okh BYajr;ajfhka msÿ wjia:djka ±kqj;aj fyda fkd±kqj;aju Tnf.a Ôú;h ;=< isÿjQ wjia:d' ) Okj;a ùug wdYdjka we;s lrk mßlaIdjka" W.=,a Tn y÷kd f.k ;sfío@ ) Okh BYajr;ajfhka msÿ wjia:djka fjkqfjka ukiaia:dmkh fjuq' ) rgla yeáhg;a rfÜ md,lhka yeáhg;a Okhg wd,h ú foaYhg isÿ lrk ,o úkdYh fjkqfjka foú÷ bÈßfha ukiaia:dmkh fjuq' ^l=vd lKavdhï ;=< ukiaia:dmkhg fhduq fjñka hdÉ[d lrkak'&

.S;sldj ( mqnqÿ .S wxl 156 —lmd, fy, f;la''''˜ 107

27 jk Èkh

È<ska|d t,a, lr .;a ixj¾Okhla ;=<ska kj foaYhla lrd wdmiq ne,Su( ) Okjdoh ñi Okh mdmhla fyda kmqre u.la fkdfõ' Okh BYajr;ajfhka ms§u" Ôú;h uq,a ;ek Èu" Bg wd,h ùu mdmhls" kmqre u.ls' ) Okh BYajr;ajfhka mqok iudchl ñksiqkaf.a weoys,a, lvd jefÜs" mßlaIdj,g;a" W.=,a j,g;a yiq ú kdia;shg;a úkdYhg;a muqKqjk fudav ksYaM, ;DIaKd j,g ji`.z fõ' ) fj<| wêm;ska úiska f.dvkÕk ,o fj<|fmd< ;=< ks¾udKh jk wê mßfNdackjd§" ;DIaKdnß;" wd;aud¾:ldñ ñksid fkdù bka ñ§ug wjÈ jqjdo@ ukiaia:dmkh jqjdo@

ojfia iqmqj; ( ls%ia;=ka jykafiaf.a fhduqj ieu úgu È<ska|d flfrys h' —È<s÷ jq Tn Nd.Hjka;h' ukao" foúhka jykafiaf.a rdcHh Tnf.ah'˜^Y=' ¨la 6(20-21& Tjqkajykafiaf.a md,kh ;=< È<skaodg ysñ jkafka Nd.Hjka; ;;a;ajhls" wNsudkhls" tfia kï Tjqkajykafia wmg lshkqfha l=ulao@ È<skaod wNsudkfhka hq;=j ðj;a úh yels wd¾Ól jev ms<sfj,la ieliSu fkdfõo@ th foaj rdcHfha ,laIKhls'—±ka id.sks we;s Tn Nd.Hjka;h"ukao Tn ;Dma;su;a jkq we;˜ ta ls%ia;=ka jykafiaf.a wd¾Ól ±lau È<ska|d iïnkaOjhs' fï kQ;k fj<| wêm;Skaf.a fj<|fmd< ;=< mSvd ú¢k" l÷¿ fy,k w;Dma;shg m;a jq È<skaodf.a id.skak Wfoid cd;sluh wd¾Ól jevms<sfj,la ielisu Wkajykafiaf.a leue;a;hs' fuu fj<|fmd, flfrys Tjqkajykafiaf.a úfrdaOh Tjqka úiska ks¾udKh lrk ,o fj<|fmd, flfrys Tjqkajykafiaf.a 108

úreoaO;ajh ±äj Rcqj m%ldY jk whqre fkdfõo fuu joka j,ska o .uH jkafka' ^Y=' ¨la 6(24-26& foaj ueKshkaf.a fhduqj ieu úgu È<skaod flfrys nj meyeÈ,sj m%ldY lrkq ,nk jdlHhla ußh;=ñhf.a Wodk .sfhka yuq fõ' ^Y=' ¨la 1(53& —id.sks jqjka hym;a fohska i;majd˜ id.sks jqjka È<ska|d fkdfõo@ ukao fmdaIKfhka fmf<k wh fkdfõo@ Tjqka hym;a fohska i;majkakg yelafla hym;a wd¾Ól jev ms<sfj,la ieliSfuka fkdfõo@ Nd.Hjka; wïud wmg yÕjkqfha foaj md,kfha ,laIKhls' mj;sk wd¾Ól jev ms<sfj, foaj úfrdaëh' ta ukaoh;a fj<|fmdf,a fj<| wêm;Skaf.a ,dNh ;ld fj<|du jeä lrk fmdfydi;a wh jvd fmdfydi;a lrk - ÿmam;d ;j ;j;a ÿmam;a lrk foaj úfrdaê wd¾:sl ixialD;shla f.dvkef.ñka mj;s' —Okj;=ka ysia w;ska yrjd hejq fial' fmdfydi;=ka ;j;a fmdfydi;a lrk l%uhg tfrysj t;=ñh Rcqj m%ldYhla l<dh' Okj;=ka ysia w;ska yrjd hejq fial' fuys§ Okj;d hkq È<skaoka .ek fkd;ld fkdi,lk" uÕyßk" mSvdjg m;a lrk" wd¾Ól l%uh ysia w;ska yrjd hejq fial' ls%ia;=ka jykafiaf.a is;;a Nd.Hjka; ueKshkaf.a is;;a wmg lshkqfha foú÷kaf.a leue;a;hs' ixj¾Okfha kdufhka wm rg ;=< isÿ lrkq ,nk ish¿u jHdmD;s È<skaod fjkqfjka o hkak m%YakldÍ fõ' jrdhj,a" .=jka f;dgqm,j,a" wêfõ.s ud¾. bÈ fjñka mej;=k;a È<skaodf.a we;a; m%Yakh fïjdhska úi|kakg mq¿jka ú ;sfío@ È<skaodf.a uQ,sl wjYH;d bgq fkdlrk l,ays fujeks ixj¾Okhla iene j¾Okhla fkdjkq we;' wo jkúg ieu mdi,lau iqyqre mdi,la ^Smart School& iqyqre mx;s ldurhla ^Smart Class Room& lsÍug ie<iqï lr ls%hd;aul l<;a .fï mdif,a jeisls,s moaO;sh fldmuK ÿrg <uhskag Ndú;d l<yels ;;a;ajhl ;sfnkafka o@ we;eï mdi,aj, bkak <uqkaf.a ixLHdfõ yeáhg m%udKj;a fi!LH wdrlaIs; jeisls,s 109

fkdue;' jdä ùug mqgq fkdue;' ;o jeis jysk iq<x yuk úg mx;s ldurfha wOHdmk lghq;= lsßu wjodkï iys;h' tjeks ;;a;ajhla ;sìhÈ iqyqre mdi,la f.dvkefÕkafka fujeks È<s÷ orejkaf.a wjYH;djh bgq fkdjk miqìulhs'

l:djla ( ñksfila ud¿ w,a,kak .Õg hkjd" ì,sms;a;la yod f.k' Tyq ud¿ w,a,d f.k tk yeu ojilu .fï ys;jf;la leug ud¿ l+ßfhl= b,a,d .kakjd' fïl yeuodu lrkak mq¿jka fohla fkdjk nj ud¿ w,a,kakg .sh ;eke;a;dg wjfndaO ú Èkla Tyqg ì,sms;a;la yod .kak úÈh lshd § Tyq iuÕ .Õg f.dia ud¿ w,a,k yeá lshd ÿkafkah' tod b|,d ud¿ b,a,k tl k;r úh' È<skaodf.a wNsudkh f.dv kexfjk wd¾Ól ixj¾Okhla wm rgg wjYHj we;' tfia fkdue;sj Pkaoh n,d f.k È<skaodj rjgk Bkshd me,eia;r ixj¾Okhla fkdfõ'

idlÉPdj ( ) ls%ia;=ka jykafia' Nd.Hjka; ueKshka È<ska|d flfrys ;snq fhduqj Tnf.a fhduqj jkafka o@ È<ska|d ms<sn| foaj is; ks;ru ùuid n,d ±k.kakg kï Tn l<hq;af;a l=ulao@ ) by; ls l:dj ;=< Tng yefÕk foa ;jÿrg;a fufkys lrkak' ) fuf;la mej;=kq wdKavq úiska È<ska|df.a we;a; m%Yakh y÷kd f.k ;snqkdo@ ta fjkqfjka l=ula lf<ao@ ) wms ukiaia:dmkh fjuq' È<ska|df.a we;a; m%Yakh y÷kd fkdf.k È<ska|dg msgqmd lrk ,o ieu foaj úfrdaê ixj¾Ok lghq;a;la Wfoid wm foú÷kaf.ka iudj whÈuq' rfÜ md,lhka fjkqfjka hdÉ[d lruq'

.S;sldj ( mqnqÿ .S wxl 229 —yoj; uf. '''˜ 110

28 jk Èkh

ksjy,a ksoyia kj foaYhla lrd kslauhdfï .ukg tlafjuq wdmiq yeß ne,Su( ) È<skaod ms<sn|j foúhka jykafiaf.a is; y÷kd.;a foaj ueKsfhda" ls%ia;=ka jykafia ms<sn| wms wjÈ jQfhuq' ) mj;sk wd¾Ól ixj¾Ok ls%hdj,sh foaj úfrdaêh' ) È<skaodf.a wNsudkh f.dvkexfjk ixj¾Okh ñi md,lhdf.a n,h rlsk fj<| wêm;skaf.a fj<|fmd, wdrlaId lrk Bkshd me,eia;r ixj¾Okh ienE ixj¾Okhla fkdfõ' ) fuf;la mej;=kq wdKavq úiska È<skaodf.a we;a; m%Yakh wu;l lr ±ñfuka È<ska|dg isÿjq whqla;sh" widOdrKh Wfoid foú÷kaf.ka iudj whÈkakg mq¿jka jqkdo@

ojfia iqmqj; ( kslauhdu 3(7-10" .,d;s 5(1 lshjkak foúhka jykafia ñksiqka jy¨ka jkjd olskakg lsisfia;a leu;s ke;' Tjqka jykafia jy,alug úreoaOh' ^˜ñksidj ñ<g .eksu" úlsKsu" fj<| NdKavhla fuka yqjudre lsßu jeks ñksidj jy,a njg m;a lrk jdKscuh fyda taldêm;s ls%hd ud¾. y;ajk mk;ska ;ykï lrhs'˜& ^lf;da,sl iNd O¾u WmfoaYh wxl 2455&

rg .ek w¿;a hq.fha lúhla ( ) wms wfma fkdfjhs bkaÈhdfj¨ wms wfma fkdfjhs weußldfj¨ wms wfma fkdfjhs wms Öfk¨ g%ïma" fudaÈ" Ôka mska.a wfma rfÜ kdhlfhdah' wms fï f,dal fld<Ksfha jy,a¨h' 111

l=uk whqrlska fyda widOdrK f,i wkqka i;= jia;=j" foam, whs;s lr .ekSu' y;ajk mK;g úreoaOh' wo wm bkafka kj hg;a úð; hq.hlhs' wfma rg fufyhjkafka úfYaIfhka wd¾Ólh ilikafka" yiqrejkafka iqmsß n,j;a rdcHhkah ^weußldj" Ökh" bkaÈhdj& Kh w¾nqoh yd rfÜ iïm;a úlsKSu kj hg;a úð;lrKfha wx. ,laIK fjhs' 1505 § mD;=.Siskag hg;a jq wms wo jk úg wjqreÿ 500la mqrdjgu isÿ lr we;af;a o hg;a udkisl;ajhla ;=< ðj;a ùuh' tod mD;=.sis meñKsfha wd¾Ól n,h w,a,d .eksughs' ta i|yd wfma rfÜ iïm;a úYd, jYfhka iQrd .kakd ,È' wog;a wfma N+ñh" uqyqo" c,h" ÿm;a weußldjg" bkaÈhdjg" Ñkhg mjrd yudrhs' fuf;la mej;s iEu wdKavqjlau ta wdKavqj, md,lfhlau lf<a rfÜ iïm;a úlsKSuh' wfma rg ÈhqKq fkdjkafka ksIamdok wd¾Ólhla fkdue;s ksidh' rfÜ iq¿ mßudKfha jHdmdßlhd Yla;su;a fkdlr úfoaYsh iud.ï i;=gq lrjñka Tjqkaf.a ksIamdokhla wm rgg f.kaùug mq¾K ksoyila" iykhla È we;' wm wmkhk wdodhu fvd,¾ ñ,shk 10"000hs' wdkhk úhou fvd,¾ ñ,shk 20"000hs' ta lshkafka yßhg fo.=Khla ÿka uqo,a ke;s jqkyu yeu wdKavqjlau lf<a f,dal jfÜ ixpdrhla hkjd Kh .kak' Kh fj,d rfÜ iïm;a" l¾udka; úl=Kkak' fuf,i isÿ jkafka wmg foaYsh jq cd;sl wd¾Ól m%;sm;a;shla fkdue;s ksihs' ta ksid wms wd¾Ól jYfhka jy,a¨ fj,d' wfma rgg úfoaY úksuh f.k tkafka jy,a /lshdjka ;=<ska ueo fmrÈ. .Dy fiaúld" weÕ¿ï l¾udka;' fïjdfha /lshdfõ kshq;= fiajl fiaúldjka úYd, jYfhka Y%uh iqrdlEug ,la fjkjd' wvq mähg jev f.dvla lr .kakjd' fuh jy,a l%uhla' yeu wdKavqjlau tlsfkldg fpdaokd lrñka n,hg meñKsfha rg Kh W.=f,ka fírd f.k foaYsh l¾udka; f.dv kxjd" ksYamdok wd¾Ólhla f.dvkxjk 112

nj lshñks' kuq;a n,hg meñKs úg lrkafka mq¿jka ;rï Kh .ekSuh' Bg fya;=j md,lhdf.a n,h /flkafka" Tyq iemj;a jkafka úfoaYsh n,fõ.hka i;=gq lsßu yd Tjqkaf.a jqjukdjka bgqlsßu ;=<h' wms úYd, Kh lkaol ysr fj,d wo fjkfldg tl mqoa.,fhl=f.a Kh m%udKh re'530"000$} ú we;' rfÜ fofldaá oi ,laIhl ck .yKfhka tlaflfkla re'530"000$} Kh lrefjla' kj hg;a úð; jy,a Ndjh fuhhs' fuu jy,a lfuka kslauhdug kï ,xldj jeá ;sfnk §k Ndjfha udkisl;ajfhka ksoyia úh hq;=h' ta i|yd tä;r mshjrj,a .; hq;=h' uyd mrdl%u iuqøh yomq" l,d jej" ñkafkaß jej yo,d f,dalfha jdß ;dlaIKfha b;du by< ia:dkhl isáh wmg ;du ta Yla;sh ;sfnk njg wjÈ úh hq;=h' 1' wmg ;sfnk Yla;sh y÷kd.; hq;=h' 2' ta iïm;a j,ska jev .kak mq¿jka ks¾udKYs,S ñksiqka bÈßhg .; hq;=hs' kdid wdh;kfha ^weußldfõ&" cmdkfha mß>kluh ia:dkj, olaI;d we;s udkj iïm;a kej; rgg le|jd .; hq;=hs' 3' rfÜ ;sfnk fN!;sl iïm;a - udkj iïm;a fhdojd f.k fyd| l<uKdldß;ajhla jev ms<sfj,la ;=<ska rg f.dvkexúh hq;=hs'

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29 jk Èkh

úis lrk ixiald;sfhka w,afmaÉP Ôú; ixialD;shg wms tf;r fjuq' wdmiq ne,Ssu ( ) .e<ùfï b;sydih wdrïN lrkqfha jy,alug tfrysj kslauhdfï .ufkkah' jy,alug foúhka jykafia úreoaOh' ) lf;da,sl iNd O¾u WmfoaYh mjd wmg lshkqfha 7 jk mK; u.ska jy,alu ;ykï lr we;s njh' ) ish¿u wdKavq lf<a ^fuf;la mej;s&lf<a úfoaYSh n,fõ.j, jqjukdjkag wkqj rg Kh w¾nqohlg mg,jd rfÜ iïm;a úlsKsuh' ) wm rfÜ ieu flfklau remsh,a 530"000$} Kh lrefjla lr yudrh' tfia ùu iïnkaOfhka wms ukiaia:dmkh fjuq' ) rg f.dv kÕkakg kï wmg ;sfnk fN!;sl yd udkj iïm;a y÷kd f.k" fhdojd f.k ksis cd;sl wd¾Ól m%;sm;a;shla ;=< rg f.dvkexúh hq;=h'

ojfia iqmqj; ( ÿmam;a lug ienE fya;=j l=ula ±hs jgyd .eksug kï Bg fya;=j y÷kd .; hq;=h' fndfyda Okj;a rgj,a ÿmam;a lug fya;= f,i olajkafka ck.yKh jeä ùuhs' jeäjk ck.yKhg wkqj wjYH m%udKhg iïm;a ysÕh hkak Tjqkaf.a ;¾lhhs' kuq;a ck.yKh m%Yakhla jkafka ðj;a jk ixLHdj wkqj fkdfõ' ðj;a jk ckhd ls%hd lrk wdldrh wkqjhs' ngysr tla orefjl=f.a mßfNdackh f;jeks f,dj orejka 125 fofkl=f.a mßfNdackhg iudkh' ngysr tla ñksfil= lvodis lsf,da .%Eï 300la mdúÉÑ lroaÈ f;fjks f,dj tl ñksfil= mdúÉÑ lrkafka lvodis lsf,da .%Eï 3la muKs' ÿmam;a lug fya;=j wê mßfNdackjdÈ Ôú; meje;auhs' 114

f,dal ck.yKfhka jeäu fmdfydi;=ka 1$5lf.a iuia; mßfNdackh ÿmam;au 1$5la mßfNdackh fuka 16 .=Khls' fuu wê mßfNdackh ;=< f.dv kefÕk úis lrk ixialD;sh ksid úYd, mdßißl w¾nqo u;= ù we;' tu mdßißl w¾nqo ksid jvd;a msvdjg m;a jkafka È<ska|dh' mdßißl w¾nqo" iudc wd¾Ól w¾nqo njg m;afjhs' wojk úg fkdñf,a ;sfnk j;=r uqo,a f.jd .ekSug isÿ ù we;' iïm;a tfia jkafka wê mßfNdackh ;=< kdia;s lsßu ksid" wmú;% lsßu ksidh' j;=r fnda;,h tkafka ma,diaála wuq øjHfhka' th neyer lrkafka mßirhg thska isÿjk úkdYh ksid jvd;a ÿla ú¢kafka msä;hdh" È<ska|dh' ÿrdpdr fj<| wdêm;Hfhka yd ÿrdpdr foaYmd,kh úiska ñksia Ôú; f.dÿrla lr .;a fuu wÿro¾Ys ;DIaKdnß; ¥Is; iudc úfrdaê ixj¾Okh muKla fkdj wm j;auka iudc yd ixialD;sl moku fjkia l< hq;=h' ÈhqKqj hehs wo wms yqre ú isákafka f.daIdldß" wiykldß" wúfõls ;;a;ajhlghs' tksidu uki blauka msvdjlg m;a lrk iudc rgdjlgh' fuu iudc rgdjg úfrdaOfha ,l=Kla jkakg kï wNsfhda.hla jkakg kï wms fuhg uqyqK Èh hq;=h' ta i|yd wmg yqre Ôú; meje;aula we;' ta w,afmaÉP Ôú;hhs' nqÿ oyñka jir .Kkdjla mqrd wm ,la §mh yev. iajd we;af;a w,afmaÉP Ôú;hhs' yskaÿ" bia,dï yd ls;=kq O¾uhka o uÕmkajk Ôú; meje;au w,afmaÉP Ôú;hhs' — fyg uereK;a ys;g iemhs wo fcd,s lr,d˜ wê mßfNdackjdÈ úislrk ixialD;sh ish¿u O¾uhka úiska m%;slafIam lrhs' —w,am - bÉP˜ isñ;" iaj,am w,am n,dfmdfrd;a;=jl /`§ WfmalaId iy.;j Ôj;a ùuhs' fudfydf;a Ôú;h foú÷ka ;=< hefmk hlaIhd" f,dalhd' udxYhd u; fkd/£ foú÷ka ;=< úYajdifhka /f|k Èúh w,afmaÉP Ôú; moku u; f.dvkefÕk ñksid" wdYd wfmalaId wjYH;d ke;s mqoa.,hka 115

fkdfõ' Tyq wdYd wfmalaId we;s mqoa.,fhl= úh hq;= h' kuq;a Tyqf.a wd¾Ól Ôú;h" iudc Ôú;h wdYd wfmalaId ish,a, yslaujkqfha Tyqf.a O¾ufhys wdOHd;añl;ajh u.ska h' wdOHd;añl md,khlska hq;a meje;aula we;s Tyq ksrka;rfhka u Tyqf.ka u m%Yak lr.; hq;= m%Yak ;=kla we;' ) jqjukd iy wjYH;d meyeÈ,sj fjka fldg y÷kd.; hq;= h' ud bgq lr .; hq;af;a ieuúg u uf.a wjYH;djh" jqjukd fkdfõ' ) wjYH;djhka fufia m%Yak l< yel' 1' ug th wjYH o@ 2' ug th w;HdjYH o@ 3' ug th wjYH kE fkao@

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Tnf.a Y%u Yla;sfha m%;sM,h mjqf,a iqN isoaêh jkafkah' wdmiq ne,Su ( ÿmam;alug ienE fya;=j wêl ck.ykh fkdj" wê mßfNdackjdohhs' wê mßfNdack jdoh ;=< f.dvkeÕS we;af;a úis lrk ixialD;shhs' thg w,afmaÉP Ôú;h ms<s;=rls' Bfha oji Tng n,mEfõ flfia o@ fnod.kak'

ojfia iqmqj; ( .S;dj,sh 128 .s;sldj .dhkd lrkak fuu f;ys,s .S;fha i`oyka mshdj y`ÿkd.; yelsjkafka ;u oEf;a uykaisfhka ;u mjq,g fi; Ydka;sh i,ik tys fN!;sl hym; iajhx fmdaIKh lrk Y%ñlfhl= f,igh' —Tfí Y%u Yla;sfhys m%;sM,h Tn N=la;s úÈkafkysh' Tn jdikd jka;h¦ Tng iqN isoaêh jkafkah'˜ lh fjfyid jev lsÍu udkj Wodr;ajfha uQ,sl wx.hla nj Y=' ,shú,af,a uq, isgu meyeÈ,s jkakdjq lreKls' —taoka Whk j.dlr th /ln,d .kak msKsi foú iñ`odKka jykafia ñksid /f.k Tyq tys mÈxÑ lrjQ fial'˜ ^W;am;a;s 2(15& Y%uh fhdod jevlsÍu iudchl ÈhqKqjg u`. mdok w;r ;udf.a mjq,g ia:djr;ajh yd M,odhs;dj tu.ska imhhs' — mjq,l uõjreka lh fjfyid jev lsßu o wEf.a ffoksl jev lghq;= úia;rd;aulj my; i`oyka Y=' ,shú,s mdGfhys wmg y`ÿkd.; yelsh' th uq¿ mjq,gu iqN isoaêh Wodjk uy`.= wjia:djla jkq we;' ^ysf;damfoaYh 31(10-31& 117

oEf;a uykaisfhka jev lsÍfuys jeo.;alu .ek uq,a Y%djlhka fukau Y=' mdjq¿ ;=ud o jvd wjOdkfhka hq;=j isá wkaou wmg kj .súiqfuys Y=' ,shú,s mdG fufkys lrk úg ±l.; yelsh' ^1 f;if,daksl 4(11" 2 f;if,daksl 3(10-12& f,dj mqrd iqndrxÑh /f.k hdfï§ fmruqK f.k ls%hdl< Y=' mdjq¿ ;=ud ;ud Ôú; idlaIsfhka" ;u oEf;a uykaisfhka jev lrñka Ôjfkdamdh i,id .ekSug fhduqù isá wkaou t;=ukaf.a Ôú;h foi n,k úg wmg ±l.; yelsh' ^ls%hd 18(3& j¾:udk f,dalfha mj;sk fj<`ofmd, úiska mjqf,a ujf.a" mshdf.a Y%u Yla;sh ySk lrjk lïy,aj,g fhdojd" tys m%;sM,h;a b;d wys;lr jQ ;;a;ajhg m;a lr we;' mshdf.a Y%u Yla;sh u;ameka" u;aøjH" ÿïmdkh" rEmjdysksh" úlD;s ,sx.sl wdYdjka úiska ySk lr we;' ujf.a Y%u Yla;sh ú,dis;d" fu.d fg,s kdgH" lD;su wdydr u.ska ySk lr we;' fuu ySk lr Y%u Yla;sfha m%;sM,h b;du;a wys;lr f,i orejkaf.a Ôú;j,g n,mEula lr ;sfí' orejka udkisl frda.ska njg;a wUq ieñhka Èlalidoj,g;a fhduq ù we;' újdy Ôú;h mßydkshg ,la ù we;' fï ksidu mjqf,a iqNisoaêh i`oyd fhduq l<hq;= Y%u Yla;sh ;u ;udf.a wjYH;d Wfoid fhdok miqìula wo jk úg wmf.a mjq,a ;=< ±l .; yel'

idlÉPdj ( 1' Tn msfhla ujla f,i ;u Y%u Yla;sfha m%ÓM,h fldf;la ÿrg orejkaf.a hym;g fhdod ;sfío@ 2' Tnf.a wjfndaOh wkqj tu Y%u Yla;sh ySk lrjk f,dalfha mj;sk n,fõ.hka fudkjdo@ 3' ji úi ke;s wdydr ieliSug;a" f.j;= j.djg;a" ksjfia kv;a;= lghq;=j,g;a Tn fldmuK fhduq ú ;sfío@ 118

4' tfia ;u Y%u Yla;sfha m%ÓM,h hym;a f,i fhdojd .ekSug fkdyels jQ wjia:d Wfoid ukiaia:dmkh fjuq'

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Kh uqo,ska w;a ñfokq i|yd .Dyia; uQ,H l<uKdlrKhg fhduq fjuq wdmiq ne,Su ( 1' Tfí Y%u Yla;sfha m%;sM,h mjqf,a iqN fi; Wfoid h' 2' lh fjfyid jev lsÍu udkj Wodr;ajfha wx.hls' Y=oaO ,shú,a, th mjihs' 3' mshdf.a iy ujf.a Y%u Yla;sfha m%;sM,h orejkaf.a hym; Wfoid jkafka h' 4' Y%u Yla;sh ySk lrjk orejkag wys;lr n,mEï we;s lrk fj<|fmd, n,fõ,hka y\qkd .ksuq' 5' ji úi ke;s wdydr ixialD;shlg" f.j;= j.djg ksjfia kv;a;= lghq;= j,g Tn fldf;la ÿrg Y%u Yla;sh fhdojkq ,enqjdo@

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ta i|yd f.jd .; fkdyels wkaoug Kh W.=,lg yiqùu ;=<ska Tng ;snqKq foaj¨;a ke;s úh yel' Kh fjkafka l=ula i|yd o@ th Kh fkdù .; yels fyd|u l%uhla we;af;au keoao@ Kh fjkafka f.jd .kak l%uhla Tn <Õ we;sjo@ Tn Kh fjkafka we;a;gu wjYH;d i|yd o@ fndfyda úg wjYH foag jvd ;rÕldÍ iudcfha fj<|fmd, úiska fmkajk foa .ekSug we;sjk wdYdjka ksid fkdfõo@ Tnj Kh lrefjla lrk fj<|fmd, ms<sn|j wjÈùula Tng ;sfí o@ Tn uilg Wmhk uqo, fldmuK o@ ta wdodhug iß,k wdldrfhka Tnf.a wjYH;d ,ehsia;= .; lr weoao@ Tnf.a úhoï ms<sn|j Tn ±kqj;a o@ wjYH;djhka i|yd f.k Bg iß,k f,io Tn úhoï lrkq ,nkafka@ wkjYH f,i úhoï lsÍula isÿjkafka kï Bg wjÈ ù tajd wju lr .ekSug Tn Wkkaÿjla olajkakg leu;s o@ iliqrejï Ôú; rgdjla ;=<ska Khla ke;s nhl=;a ke;s ieye,a¨fjka fudfydf;a Ôú;hla .; lrkakg Tng msmdihla weoao@ ^Y=' uf;õ 6(25-34& fuu Y=oaO ,shú,s mdGh foi n,k úg Tn fyg .ek lror jkafka wo Ôj;a ùug foú÷ka flfrys we;s weoys,a, u`o ksid fkdfõ o@ zfyg lror fygg iEfya' wo Ôj;a fjuq fudfydf;a Ôú;fha'Z wmg w;S;h" wkd.;h whs;s ke;' w;S;h fj,d bjrhs' wkd.;h ;j weú;a fkdue;' kuq;a wms ±ka fï fudfydf;a Ôj;a úh hq;=h' ta i|yd .eUqre weoys,a,la ´k fõ' fudfydf;a Ôú;hla .; lrk wh ;u .ufka wjYH;d uekúka y÷kkafka h' Bg iß,k f,i uQ,H l<uKdlrKh isÿjkafka h' túg Tn Kh ke;s" nh ke;s foú÷ka ;=< ksoyia ksjy,a flfkl= jkafka h'

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3' udisl fyda i;sfha úhoï fYaIfha jeämqru mjq,la f,i ±Íug isÿjk úhou ms<sn|j;a" wvqfjka fhdok úhou ms<sn|j;a Tn y÷kd f.k ;sfí o@ 4' Tn mjqf,a wdodhï iy úhoï ms<sn|j mjq,la f,i tlg tl;= ù l:d ny lsÍug fhduq ù ;sfío@

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32 jk Èkh

Ôú;hg idlaIs±ßu u`.ska È<skaod k`.d isgjuq' wdmiq ne,Su ( ) Kh fkdù Ôj;a ùug kï wmf.a úYajdifha Ôú;h o Yla;su;a úh hq;=h' Tnf.a úYajdifha Ôú;fha w;a±lSï fnod .kak' ) ,efnk wdodhu iy úhou ms<sn|j ie<ls,su;a ùfï§ Bg iß,k f,i wd¾Ólh l<uKdlrKh lr .ekSug Tn úiska f.k we;s mshjrhka fudkjdo@

ojfia iqmqj; ( iudch ;=< ixia:d.; jQ mdmfha m%;sM,h fndfyda fofkla ÿ.S ùu yd wirK ùu nj wm miq.sh fufkys lsÍï ;=<ska ÿgqfjuq' fufia iudcfhka fldka jQ Ôj;a ùfï uQ,sl wjYH;djh yd ñksia whs;sjdislï ke;s jQjkag ls%ia;=ka jykafia ^Y=' Æla 4(18-19& m%ldY l< iqNdrxÑfha jeo.;au fldgila jQfha fï ck;djf.a me;a; .ekSu iy Tjqka fjkqfjka Ôj;a ùug Tjqka jykafia .;a ;SrKhhs' fuu wdf,dalfhka ls;=kq le`oùu foi n,k wmgo Tjqka jykafia .;a ;SrKhu wm fj;g o bÈßm;a fõ' ta wkqj È<sÿkag ienE f,iu iqndrxÑh w;aolskq yelsùu i`oyd wmgo fuu hq.h ;=< le`oùula we;' ) ñ,dka ys ro.=rej isá Y=' wïfn%daia uqks ;=ud l%s'j ^340-397& fuf,i m%ldY lr we;' —Tn È<skaodg hula fok úg th Tn i;= fohlska lrk ;Hd. hla fkdj Tyqg wh;a foa h<s Tyqgu Ndr§uls' ulaksidoh;a yeuf.a m%fhdackh i`oyd fmdÿfõ § we;s foh Tn úiska Tnf.a u m%fhdackhg whq;= f,i fhdod .kq ,en we;s 123

neúkah' f,dalh yeufokdgu ñi Okj;=ka i`oydu fkdfõ˜' ^ck;d m%.;sh wxl 23& ) fuu m%ldYkh j¾;udk iudchg wod< jkafka flfiao fnod.kak' ) È<skaodj iqndrxÑh fj;g le`oùug;a" È<skaodj k`.d isgqùug;a .; yels mshjr fln`ÿo@ ) È<skaodg iqndrxÑh w;aolskq i`oyd È<skaod Wfoid ls%hdl< mqoa., pß; yd wjia:djka lsysmhla wms fufkys lruq' 1' ms,smSkfha oro`vq f,i md,kh l< ud¾fldaiaf.a taldêm;s md,kfhka rg ó§ug mquqL jQfha tys lf;da,sl .sys meúÈ mQcl whh' Tjqkaf.ka fndfyda fofkla Okj;a mlaIhg jefgk wh h' Tjqka Woaf>daIK lf<a Tjqkaf.a uka§r ;=< isg fkdj" ta rfÜ ÿ.S ck;dj yd Wfrka Wr .efgñka úÓj,g nisñkah' Tjqkag tfrysj wd udfldaiaf.a yuqodj,g" ;=jlal=j,g" hqoao gexlsj,g uqyqK foñka TjQyq bÈßhu .shy' m%;sM,h jqfha Tjqkg ch ,eîuh' 2' wOHdmkh" /lshdjka hym;a iudc ;;a;ajhka wysñ ù isá nq;a;, m%foaYfha ck;dj Tijd,Sug Tjqka iu`. Ôj;a fjñka Tjqkag wOHdmkh ,ndfoñka Tjqkaf.a Ôjk u`. t,s.kajñka kshu ls%ia;= Y%djlfhl= f,i ls%hd l< uhsl,a reøs.+ msh;=ud uerjrhkaf.a fjä myrg ,la jQfha ÈjH mQcdj isÿlrk wjia:dfõ§h' 3' t,a' ie,ajfodarfha mSä; ck;dj fjkqfjka yuqod md,khg úreoaOj ls%hd l< ro.=re Tiald frdfïfrda ysñ n,ldñkaf.a m%dydrj,g uqyqK § ^w,a;drh u; ish& Èú msÿfõo ta f,iskauh' 124

fujka jQ Ôú;j, idlaIs±Íu foi n,k úg wmg fmkS hkafka Okh" n,h" ks, ;k;=re" jia;= iïm;a iqfLdamfNda.s Ôú; meje;au ta wdldrfhka /l .ksñka tjekakla lsisod l< fkdyels njh' wm rfÜo È<skaod uqojd .ekSug" thska È<skaod tiùug wmf.a Ôú; rgdj fjkia l< hq;=h' Okjd§ mßfNdackjdoh" iïm;a tla/ia lr .ekSfï ;Kaydfjys we;s mdms nj olsïka tajd ;Hdc l< hq;=h'

ukiaia:dmkh fjuq' ¸' mqnqÿj ;=, wmg wKdjrKh jQ ir, Ôú; meje;afï idlaIs ±Íug wm fldf;la ÿrg fhduq jkafkao@ ¸¸' wmf.a lEu - îu" weÿï - me<ÿï" .uka - ìuka" úfkdaoh - úfõlh ,nd.ekSï hk foaj,aj,ska wm fldf;la wm ÿ.Skaf.a me;af;ao@ ¸¸¸' wm hgf;a fiajh lrk fiajlhka fyda fjk;a mqoa.,hka ta wh ifydaorhka f,i olsñka Tjqka Tijd,Sug wm lghq;= lrkafkao@ ¸¹' mqnqÿ ix>fha wh muKla fkdj wm weiqre lrk wka whgo fuu Ñka;kh f.k hEug wm fldf;la ÿrg Wkkaÿ ù mshjr f.k ;sfío@

.S;sldj ( mqnqÿ .S 201 —urkd:dfKks'''''˜

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33 jk Èkh

foaYmd,kh jkdys l%sia;shdks fm%aufha .eUqreu l%shdjls' wdmiq ne,Su ( ls%ia;=ka jykafiaf.a iqndrxÑfha uQ,sl fhduqj È<s÷ka" mõldrhka" fldka jQjka fj; h' wmf.a le|ùu o È<s÷kaf.a iNdjla ùug h' È<s÷ka Wfoid È<skaf|la ùug by<ska n,hla wjYHhs' th le|ùuls' Bfha wms l;d l< pß; weiqfrka wmf.a le|ùu .ek l;d lrkak'

ojfia iqmqj; ( W;a:dkjQ ls%ia;=ka jykafia yuqjqkq l%sia;shdksldrfhl=f.a n,dfmdfrd;a;=j jkafka Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafiaf.a fufyh ùug k;=j foaj mq;%Ndjfha Y=oaO;ajh w;aolsñka Tjqka jykafiaf.a uysuhg m%Yxid lsÍfï Ôú;hls' l%sia;shdksldrfhl=g Y=oaOjka;Ndjh ysñ jkafka Tyq ;u ifydaorhdjo legqj .ukl fh§u ;=< muKs' ;udf.a" ;u mjqf,a iqN isoaêh i|yd muKla fkdj iuia: iudcfhau foaYmd,k wd¾Ól fmr<shla ;=<ska fmdÿ hym; fjkqfjka wr.,hl fhfok" lemfjk" ta fjkqfjka mQcd ùug jqjo iQodkïj isák mqoa.,hd ienE ukiaia:dmh ;=<ska Y=oaOjka;Ndjh ysñ lr.;a mqoa.,fhls' iudcfha b;du ÿ¾j, È<sª mSvdjg m;a mqoa.,hd by<g kxjd Wiia lsÍu ls;=kq j.lSuls' j¾;udkfha l=ig fmdaIHodhs wyrla fkdue;sj îug msßisÿ c, ì|la fkdue;sj" bkak ysákak f.hla fodrla fkdue;sj" wOHdmkh ,nkak myiqlï fkdue;sj" ;ud yg idOdrKhla bgq jk kS;s Í;s fkdue;sj isr.; ù isák ck;dj fjkqfjka fmkS isàu ls;=kq j.lSuls' 126

wjidk úksYajh ojfia§ l%sia;=ia jykafia Tfnka wik mekh Tng u;lo@ Y=' uf;õ 25( 35 - 40 lshjkak' ienúkau foaj rdcHh Wreulr .ekSug wm úiska fuu ¥; fufyjrys fhÈh hq;=uh' ud i;= foa wfkld iu. fnod .kakjd fiau by; lS uq,sl wjYH;djhka iuia: iudchgu ysñlr §ug l%shd lsÍu l%sia;shdks foaYmd,kSl l%shdjls' fï ms<sn|j Tn wjÈfhka isákafkao@

idlÉPd lrkak' uyd od¾Yksl weßiafgdag,a zñksid foaYmd,ksl i;a;ajfhlsZ hhs m%ldY lf<a iudc .;jQ ñksidf.a wjYH;d bgqlr .ekSu yqol,djq Ôú; .; lsÍfuka l< fkdyels ksidfjks' tu wjYH;d bgq lr .ekSug l%uj;a md,khla wjYH fõ' wd.u yd foaYmd,kh lsis lf,l tlaj idlÉPd l< yels ud;Dldjka fkdjk njg we;ful= woyia lrhs' wd.u O¾uh f,daflda;a;r fohla f,i;a foaYmd,kh f,!lsl fohla f,i;a yqjd olajñka wd.u;a foaYmd,kh;a fjka lr mej;sh hq;= nj we;eï úpdrlhkaf.a woyihs' tfy;a fuu u;jdoh lsisfia;a i;Hh fkdfõ' O¾uh ñysu; Ôj;ajk ñksid flfrys mj;skakls' ñysu; ñksidg yqol,dj ;ksj lsisfia;a meje;aula fkdue;s w;r Tyqg ;u wjYH;d imqrd .ekSug kï" fuu ñys;,fha foaj,a u; yd ñksiqka u; hemsh hq;= jk neúka tu iïnkaO;d mj;ajd .ekSug kï foaYmd,kh wjYH fõ' O¾uh úiska f,!lsl mqoa.,hkaj f,daflda;a;r úuqla;sh lrd f.k hk kuqÿ Tyq ta lrd tf;r úh hq;af;a fuu mj;sk f,!lsl f,dalh yrydruh' ls%ia;=ia jykafiaf.a ±lau jqfha 127

foúhka jykafiaf.a foaj rdcHhhs' foaj rdcHh f.dvke.Su hkq ukqIHhkag fm!oa.,slj;a iudÔhj;a Ôj;a ùug iqÿiq rgla" f,dalhla f.dvke`.Suhs' tys rc lrkqfha foúhka jykafiaf.a leue;a;h' foúhka jykafiaf.a leue;a; iaj¾.fhys fuka fuf,dfjyso bgqjkq ±lSu t;=udKkaf.a m%d¾:kdjh' tneúka l%sia;shdks O¾uh yd foaYmd,kh tlsfklska fjka l< yels fohla fkdjk w;r l%sia;shdksh ;=< foaYmd,kh .eíù we;' th yqfola j¾:udkfha ñksidg fmfkk foaYmd,k ixl,am yd l%shdldß;ajhka iu. ,>q lr i,ld ne,sh hq;= fohla fkdfõ' mj;sk ;;a;ajhka ;=<skao .uka fldg f,djg wkdjrKh l< hq;= úuqla;sodhl foaYmd,kh l%sia;shdksldrhd úiska .%yKh lr .; hq;=j we;'

ukiaia:dmkh ¸' zfoaYmd,kh jkdys l%sia;shdks fm%aufha .eUqreu l%shdjls'Z Y=oafOd;a;u yh jk mdjq¨ mdma jykafia m%ldY lr we;' tneúka wms ienúka foaYmd,k is;a yeÍulg $ukiaia:dmkhlg fhduq úh hq;= fjuq' ¸¸' foaYmd,kh wm úiska wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;= $ idlÉPd l< hq;= lafI;%hla fkdfõh hk wdl,amh wm ;=< ù kï wms wo Èk ukia:dmkhg fhduq fjuq' ¸¸¸' uu hym;a ls%ia;shdksldrfhl= fjñ hhs is;ñka j;ams<sfj;a j,g" Nla;s wNHdihkag" hdÉ[d fufyhkag" iqj fufyhkag" m,a,sfha ux.,Hhkag" jkaokd .ukaj,g muKla fldgqù isáhd kï wo Èk wms ukiaia:dmkh fjuq' ¸¹' ug" uf.a" uf.a orejd" uf.a mjq, hhs ugu foaj,a /ia lr .ksñka wfkla flkdf.a fõokdjg ixfõÈ fkdù isáhd kï wo Èk wms ukiaia:dmkh fjuq' 128

¹' uq,sl wjYH;djhka wysñj wo Èk fõokdjg m;aj isák Tfí ifydorhd" Tfí wi,ajeishd fjkqfjka Tn;a" ueoy;lrefjl= fkdùu ms<snoj ukiaia:dmkh jkak'

.S;sldj ( .S;sld wxl 192 - Tijñ Tn fj;''''

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34 jk Èkh

Y=oaOjQ ,shú,af,a ±lafuka foaYmd,k ukiaia:dmkhla lrd wdmiq ne,Su ( Bfha ojfia wm fhduq jqfka l%sia;shdksldrfhl= foaYmd,kh ms<sn|j wjÈùfï wjYH;djh ms<sn|jhs fuf;la wms isáfha mgq is;=ú,a,l kï ta .ek wms ienõkau ukiaia:dmkh jqfkuq' foaYh foi fk; is; yoj; fhduq lrkakg ukiaia:dmkhg we;=¿ jqfkuq' Bfha oji ms<sn|j l=vd lKavdhï ;=< fnod .kak'

ojfia iqmqj; ( wo Èk wm fhduq jkafka Y=oaOjq nhsn,fha mqrdK .súiqfuys foúhka jykafia ñksidg .e<ùu Wreu lr§u i|yd foaj rdcHh ms<snoj jk uyd wkdjrKh ;=< iuia: iudchgu bÈßm;a l< foaYmd,k oelaug wjOdkh fhduq lsÍfuka ukiaia:dmkhg fhduq ùughs' foúhka jykafia úYajh ujd tys Ndrldr;ajh ñksidg mejrE fial' wdoï ;ksj Ôj;a ùu iqÿiq fkdjk nj ÿgqfõ foúhka jykafiau h' tneõka Tyqg iqÿiq iyldßh f,i taj wdoïg ,nd § l=vd ix>hla idod ÿka fial' tu iq.;s WoHdkfha ñksidf.a Ôú;h wx,ldr lsßug wjYH yeu fohlau ;snqKs' we<" fod<" .x.d" Èh we<s" úúO m<;=re" u,a l=re,a,ka we;=¿ ish¨u i;=ka fï yeu fohlau tys ;snqKs' iq.;s WoHdkh ñksidf.a ish¨u wjYH;d ish,a,u ;snqKq mS%;su;a ;ekla úh' foúhka jykafiaf.a md,kh mej;s iq.;s Whfka whs;sh wdoï iy tajf.a wlSlrelu ksidfjka wysñ lr .ksoa§ ñksia md,kfha iSñ;hkag ñksid f.dÿre úh' 130

m<uq mjqf,kau ñKsueÍula isÿ úh' ifydaorhd ;udf.au ifydaorhdj urd oeóh' ldhska iy wdfn,a isÿùu mqrdK .súiqfï muKla fkdfõ wo ojfi;a isÿ fjñka mj;S' wms wjÈ fjuq( wms wfma ifydaorhdg úreoaOj fudk ;rï foa lrkjdo@ Ydßßlj ñks urkafka ke;s jqk;a Tyqg úreoaOj lrk mdmhka fudk ;rïo@

idlÉPd lrkak' foúhka jykafia wdfn,a .ek m%Yak l< fial' ldhska o —uu fkdoksñ' uu udf.a ifydaorhdf.a Ndr lre±˜hs weiSh' foúhka jykafia o —kqfò ifydaorhdf.a f,a" oyäh" fõokdj" l`ÿ<" mSvdj fmdf<dfjka ug fudr .ihs'˜ wms ukia:dmkh úh hq;= keoao@ ldhska ukiaia:dmkh jQjd kï iudj odkfha foúhka jykafia iudj fok fial' w;S;fha wms fudk jerÈ lr ;snqk;a foúhka jykafia wmj le|jkafka jro ms<sf.k miq;eú,s ù .eUqre ukiaia:dmkhlghs' yeÍulghs' wdn%yï le|ùu ;=<ska foúhka jykafia kj foaYhg /f.k hdfï le|ùu wkdjrKh lrk fial' tfy;a ñksidf.a ms<sl=,a iy.; Ôú; meje;au ksidfjka fidfodï iy f.dfudrd k.r fol úkdY ùfï isÿùfuka" ukiaia:dmkh isÿ fkdjqkfyd;a ù£ug isÿjk foh j¾:udkhg n,j;a wk;=re weÕùula nj wm fufkys l< hq;= fkdfõo@

idlÉPd lrkak' Y=' nhsn,fha kslauhdfï .uk l%sia;shdks foaYmd,kfha iqúYd, wkdjrKhls'

131

foúhka jykafia kñka f;dard .;a ck;dj ñirfha mdrdfjdaf.a md,kh yuqfõ jy¨ka njg m;aj isáh§ bka uqod .ekSug ls%hd lf<a fudafiia ;=ud uÕsks' ñksid wks;a ñksidj jy,a lr .ekSug foúhka jykafia ;Èkau úreoaOh' wms fkoekqj;aju tlsfkldj jy,a lr .kafkuq' iajdñmqreIhdj" ìßoj" orejkaj" uf.a ix>fha" óifï whj jy¨ka lr .kafkuq' tfia wks;a whj jy¨ka lr .;a úg wmsg kj foaYhlg hdug fkdyelsh' fï wkaOldrfhka wms wdf,dalhg .uka l< hq;=h' kslauhdfï .ufkaÈ isÿjQ foaYmd,k wr.,fhaÈ foúhka jykafia wirKhdf.a" È<skaodf.a" mSä;hdf.a foúodKka nj wkdjrKh l< fial' wmg È<skaod wirKhd .ek oefkk wdldrh ms<sn|j wjÈ fjuq' mqrdK .súiqfï odú;a i<fudka jeks rcjreka ;=<skao foaj ie,eiau wkdjrKh lr we;' tfiau Èjeisjreka u.ska wirKhd" wkd:hd" úfoaYslhd" È<skaod" jekaoUqj mSä; lrk mdmsIaG;ajhg tfrysj foúhka jykafia y~ keÕSh'

ukiaia:dmkh - wo ojfiaÈ;a foúhka jykafiaf.a ie,eiaug wjÈ fkdù ud ;=<u isrù o isákafka @ - uf.a ifydaorhdf.a fõokdfõ y~ ud weiqfKa ke;sj jdf.a uf.a f,dalh ;=< isrù isáhdo@ - uu ;j flfkl= fudk hï wdldrhlska fyda udf.a jdish ,dNh msKsi jy,a lrf.k isákjdo@ - uu;a l%sia;=ia jykafia ;=<ska ug ysñlr ÿka ksoyi wysñ lr f.k uf.a" uf.a ìß‘of.a" iajdñmqreIhdf.a" orejkaf.a mjqf,a jyf,la njg m;aj isákafkao@ 132

- tfiau uu hï mdmhlg" u;jdohlg" wdl,amhlg" foaYmd,k mlaIhlg" Okhg jy,a ù isákjdo@ wms fudfyd;la Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafiag wjÈ fjuq' wms wjÈ úhhq;= lafIa;%hka y÷kd .ksuq' Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafiag wmj fufyhjkakg bv § ukiaia:dmkh ;=<ska tlsfkldj ksoyia lrkakg;a ud ksoyia mqoa.,fhl= njg yrjkakg hhs lshñka hdÉ[dfõ fhfouq'

.S;sldj ( mqnqÿ .S wxl 171 —jy,anfõ wêm;slï rchk f,djla ueÈka''''˜

133

35 jk Èkh

l%sia;=ia jykafiaf.a foaj rdcHh ms<sno oelafuka kj foaYhla lrd wdmiq ne,Su ( fmr Èkfha wm fhduq jqfka mqrdK .súiqu fj;hs' wm we;=¿jq ukiaia:dmkh;a iu. 1 iduqfj,a 8( 11-18 fldgig wjOdkh fhduq lruq' foúhka jykafia foaj md,kfhka f;drjq ñksia md,kfha wd§k;ajh ñksidg wkdjrKh l< kuq;a ñksid foaj jpkhg wjk; fkdjq whqre;a foaj wkdjrKh j¾:udkh yd iiod n,k úg th i¾j ld,Sk nj wmg olakg yelsh' ^1iduqfj,a 8(1-22 olajd lshjd fufyhjk wh iQodkï jkak& ñksidf.a md,khg hgjQ j¾:udk f,dalfha ;;a;ajh .ek idlÉPd lrkak'

ojfia iqmqj; ( l%sia;=ka jykafiaf.a foaYmd,k oelau f;areï .ekSug tl, cqod iudcfha mej;s md,k rgdj .ek wjfndaOhla ;sìh hq;=h' tl, iudcfhys ñksiqka ;ukaf.a ;;a;ajh wkqj mx;s kjhlg fn§ isáhy' ) m<uq jk mx;sh - rc ) fojk mx;sh - ks<Odß yd ro< mx;sh ) ;=kajk mx;sh - iudc ;;ajfha /lj¨ka f,i fojeks >kfha ks<Orhka o yuqodjo kS;s{hska ríìjrekao ^.=rejreka& wh;a úh' ) y;rjk mx;sh - fj<odfï kshq;= jq wh' ) miajk jk mx;sh - mqcl mx;sh - bvï ysñhka jqfha fï whh' ) yhjk mx;sh - bvïj,g ysñlu fkd;snqkq f.dú msßi' 134

) y;ajk mx;sh - hï lsis yelshdjla hï lafI;%hl ksmqk;djhla ;snQ tfy;a w;sYhska wvq wdodhï ,enq msßi' ) wgjk mx;sh - iudcfhka fldka lrkq ,enq W!rka ne,Su jeks /lshdj, fhÿk wh yd ,dÿre frda.ska jeks msßi ) kjjk mx;sh - /lshdjla ke;s /lshdjla l< fkdyels wh' iudc ms<s.ekSula ;snQ wh f,i ie,l=fka m<uq mx;s myg wh;a msßihs' b;sß mx;s y;r ^06"07"08"09& ie<l=fka ks¾Ok wirK fldgia f,ihs' ck.yKfhka 80] fudjqka úh' jvqfjl= jq fÊiqia jykafia tl, mej;s iudc jHqyfha mSvdjg m;a iudc mx;shlg wh;a úh' Tjqka jykafia fcd¾odka kÈfha fn!;siau iakdmkh ,nd foúhka jykafia uf.a —wínd wïud wínd ;d;a;d˜ lshk w;aoelSfuka msreKq fial' t;eka mgka w;S;h foi;a" iudch foi;a wjOdkh fhduq l< Tjqka jykafia —wínd˜ mshdKkaf.a md,kh wjeis nj muKla fkdj ;uka jykafia ;=<ska ck;djg" úfYaIfhka mSä; wirK ck;djg tu foaj rdcHfha md,kh <Õd ù we;s nj ÿgqy' tneúka Tjqka jykafia ÿmam;a ^i;afjks mx;shg whs;s jQ& ck fldgilg whs;sj isáh;a lsisu mels,Sulska f;drj ;uka jykafia w;aÿgq foaj rdcHfha w;aoelSu ck;dj fj; /f.k hdfï ÿ; ld¾hhg iïmq¾Kfhka w;=¿ jq fial' —ukiaia:dmkh jkak' iaj¾. rdcHh wdikakh˜ ^Y= uf;õ 4(17& t;=ukaf.a m%:u foaYkh th úh' uq¿ f,dj o" ñksia iudch o flfia úh hq;= ±hs y÷kajd fokakg Tjqka jykafia Wmfhda.S lr.;a jpkh iaj¾. rdcHh fyj;a foaj rdcHhhs' foaj rdcHfha ±laug uq,a ;ek foñka Tjqka jykafia iuÕ foaj rdcHh msysgqùug odhl ùug —ud wkqj tkak˜ ^Y=' uf;õ 4(18-21& hehs Y%djlhka le|jk ,§' foaj rdcHfha w¿;a ;;a;ajfha ixlaIsma; jd¾:djla yeáhg Nd.H wg fyj;a lkao Wv foaYkh bÈßm;a lr we;' 135

mq¾K i;=g w;af;a øjHuh foa u; nj is;d l%shd lrk ck;djg l%sia;=ia jykafiaf.a mKsjqvh ienúkau wNsfhda.hls' È<sÿ wh is;ska È<sÿ wh mS%;sfhka isákafkdah' ÿlska je<fmk wh m%S;sfhka isákafkdah' wka whf.a whs;sjdislï .ek is;k wh" ohdjka; wh" ks¾u, is;a we;s wh" iduh we;s lrk wh" hqla;sh Wfoid mSvd" kskaod" whq;= fpdaokd ,nk wh m%S;sfhka isákafkdah' fï ienúkau úma,ùh O¾u;djhls' fuh l%sia;=ka jykafia ;=< ;snq foaj rdcHfha oelauhs' foaj rdcHfha jákdlï .ek Tjqka jykafia Wmud u`.skao l:d lrk fial' foaj rdcHh ms<snoj iqõfYaIfha oelafjk Wmud ;=<ska oelafjk wkdjrKhkag fyg oji ;=< we;=¿ jkak' ñksia rdcHfha jákdlï iy foaj rdcHfha jákdlï ms<snoj idlÉPd lrkak'

wms ukiaia:dmkhg w;=¿ fjuq' l%sia;= oelau yd wm ;=< we;s oelau ms<snoj wjÈ jk úg l%sia;shdksldrhka f,i ta wiu iu ±lafuka wms fldhs ;rï ÿria:oehs wmg jegfykq we;' wm rfÜ mSvdjg m;a ck;dj w;rg foaj rdcfha mKsjqvh /f.k hkakg wm l%shd lrkafka Woafhda.su;a is;lska fkdjk nj wmf.a Ôú; meje;au foi n,oaÈ fmfkkq we;' foaj rdcHh ms<sno l%sia;= oelaug udf.a Ôú;fhka uu idlaIs orñka isákafkao@ Y=oaOd;auhdKks fï oeka fï oeka ug Tn wjeishs'

.S;sldj( mqnqÿ .S wxl 238 —foõ rch rclrjkak Tnf.ka˜

136

36 jk Èkh

foaj hqla;sh idOdrK;ajh foaYh ;=< rclrjkakg wms Nd.Hjka; wïud jdf.a fjuq' wdmiq ne,Su ( ) foaj rdcHh ms<sn|j iqúfYaIfha oelafjk wkdjrKhkag fhduq ùug yels ùo@ ) foaj rdcHh ms<sn| ls%ia;= ±laug uf.a Ôú;fhka $ mjq, ;=< idlaIs ±Íu fln÷o@

ojfia iqmqj; ( BY%dfh,a ck;djf.a .e<ùfï l¾;jHfha§ Èjeisjre rcjre fukau ck;dj o ;u ;udf.a le|ùu wkqj fmruqK .;ay' ta uyd .e<ùfï§ ck;djf.a ck fldgila f,i ;u ;ud fj; mejreKq j.lSug hq;=lug' Khhqla;shg ùr;ajhlska fukau lemùulska o iyNd.s jQy' ta i|yd Ôú; mß;Hd.hka jqjo isÿlr ,kakg miqng fkdjQy' tod bYardfh,a b;sydifha m,ia;Skfhka ìysjQ Nd.Hjka; wïudf.a odhl;ajh wo ug o Tng o yeu wïud flfkl=gu fukau wm rg jeishdg o wdo¾Yhls' t;=ñh ;u foaYfha ck;dj ;=< jQ uyd n,dfmdfrd;a;=j fõokdj" NS;sh ;=re¿ lrka ;u ck;djf.a tf;r ùug odhl jQjd h' t;=ñh ;=< jQfha yqÿ tla md,k l%uhla wjika fldg ;j;a md,k l%uhla wrUkq ±lSfï n,dfmdfrd;a;=jla fkdj" O¾uh rclrk md,k l%uhla ìysjk m%d¾:kdjhs' —wm mshjreka jQ" wdn%yïg yd tu mrmqrg ioygu fmdfrdkaÿ jQ f,ig'''—ta i|yd mqoa.,fhl= o wjYH neõ t;=ñh ±k isáhdh' tneúka hdÉ[dfjka ukiaia:dmkfhka wLKavj foaj wNsu;h bgqjkq i|yd iñ|dKka wìhi fmkS isáhdh' mej;s kS;s ksfhda.hkg wjk; jQfhao tjeks W;=ï 137

n,dfmdfrd;a;=jla yo ;=< fydjdf.kh' ta neõ mila lrkakg t;=ñhf.a Èúh foi hï whqrlska tî ne,Su jà' frdau wêrdchdf.a ix>Kkh .ekSfï ls%hdj,shg t;=ñh wiSre;djhla ;=< jqjo mshjr .kakSh' T.iagia wêrdchdf.a kS;shg tlÕj ls%hdldÍ jQ wkaou yd fyfrdoa rcf.a ms<sfj; yuqfõ t;=ñh yeisreKq wdldrh fjkia h' ußh ;=ñh cqfia ;=ud yd ;SrKhlg t<UqKdh' Y=' uf;õ 2(20-23 tod fyfrdaoa jqjo foaj orejl= ìysjQ ksid ìh jQfha ke;' Tyq ìh jQfha fuidhd flfkl= ìys jQ neõ ±k .ekSfuks' fuidhd foaYmd,k l%ufha fjkila we;slr,k kdhlfhla úh' ußh ;=ñhf.a {d;ska weiqre lrkakka w;ßka iakdjl cqjdï flfkl= ìysfjhs' t;=ud ck;djg weu;Su w;s l¾lYl úh' ukiaia:dmkhlg - yeÍulg weu;Suls' cqjdï ;=udf.a ld¾hhgo t;=ñhf.a .eUqre hdÉ[dj n,fkdmEjhs wmj mejish yelso@ fï ish,a,ka ;=< úoHdudk jQfha —foaj md,khl˜ —foaj rdcHhl˜ Wodj ms<sn| n,dfmdfrd;a;=j ñi ñksia md,khlska ,efnk úuqla;sfha wfmalaIdjla fkdfõ' ^Y=' uf;õ 3(1-2& Nd.Hjka; wïud ;ud úiQ mßirh .ek wjfndaOfhka úiqjdh' fi,Üjre wú ord bkakd neú t;=ñh ±k isáhdh' fujka ;;a;ajhka yuqfõ tod mej;s foaYmd,k .eg¿j,ska t;=ñh ÿriaj isáhd hehs fyda WfmalaIdfjka mej;=kd hehs wmj lsj fkdyelsh' 138

È<s÷ka w;ßka wka; È<s÷kaf.a ;;a;ajh jvd W.% w;g yefrñka ;snQ w;r ÿla ú¢k ck;dj .ek wjÈ fjñka YdÍßlj" udkislj yd wOHd;añlj mkakrhla jkakg t;=ñh ls%ia;=ka jykfiag wiuiu odhl;ajh iemhqjdh' Y=' Æla 1 ( 46-55 foaj wïud —§khka Tijd uyd krm;Ska my; fy<Su .ek Woï wekqjdh'˜ úOdhl md,k n,hlska ish,a,ka ;,d fm,Su yd mSvdldÍ iudc jHqyhka foaj úfrdaê ls%hdjla nj t;=ñhf.a wjfndaOh nj fmfka' —Okj;=ka ysia w;ska yrjd hejQ fial'˜ Okh foaj;ajfhka ms§u foúhkag;a" jia;=jg;a ^uefudakd& jkaokd lsÍuls' uq,a ix>hg o foflka tlla f;dard .ekSug isÿ úh' Tjqka Okh" n,h yd lS¾;sh m%;slafIam fldg f;dard .;af;a tlu iajdñhdKka jQ fÊiq ls%ia;=ka jykafia h' iSi¾ wêrdcHhd foaj;ajfhka ms§u Èú mqod m%;slafIam lrkakg ;rï Tjqka tä;r úh' fï ish¿ miqìï yuqfõ foaj wïudf.a ±lau t;=ñhf.a Wodk .Sh ;=< m%;srdj kxjk wdldrh fudkjg meyeÈ,s fkdfõ o@ lõo ó<Õg ckdêm;s lrjkafka lshñka ñksia md,kh flfrys úYajdi lsÍug jvd foaj rdcHfha jákdlï rclrjk n,dfmdfrd;a;=fõ ±laulg Nd.Hjka; wïud wmg werhqï lrhs' fÊiqia jykafiaf.a mdial= wNsryi mqrdu o úYajdifhka" n,dfmdfrd;a;=fjka yd fm%aufhka hq;=j l=rei mduq, Y%djl ix>hg mqÿu mkakrhla ,nd §ug t;=ñh fmruqK .;a;dh' w¨;a fmdf<djla w¨;a wyila ìysjk ;=re n,d isák fikÕg —uf.a fldgi˜ lrkakg t;=ñh Tng o ug fï mj;sk ;;a;ajh ;=< wNsfhda.hla jkakSh'

139

ukiaia:dmkh ( Nd.Hjka; wïud f,dj ;=< o¾Ykh jQ md;sud" ƾÿ yd .ajdv¨fmays fukau wfkl=;a iEu wjia:djl§u b,a,d isáfha ukiaia:dmkh jk f,ihs' Ôú; udrejlg we;=,a ù mdmfhka wE;a jk f,ihs' ta i|yd t;=ñh —cmud,fha heÿu˜ mdmh yd kmqrd mrdch lsÍfï n,.;= wdhqOhla f,i wmg bÈßm;a l<dh' wms ±ka ukiaia:dmkfhka hq;=j cmud,fha heÿug m%úIaG fjuq'

.S;sldj ( mqnqÿ .S wxl 229 —yoj; uf.'''˜

140

37 jk Èkh

kj foaYhla olskakg idOdrK;ajh .ek lelal=ula ug wjYHhs' wdmiq ne,Su ( wm foaYfha ck;dj fjkqfjka ug o ld¾hhla we;' th mlaIhlg u;jdohlg fldgq jkakg fkdj" foaj md,khg k;= jkakgh' idlÉPd lrkak' ieneúkau foaj mßmd,kh ìysjkq i|yd .eUqre hdÉ[djlg ienE ukiaia:dmkhlg is;ska jpkfhka ls%hdfjka w;miq lsÍfuka ud isÿl< mdmh .ek ukiaia:dmkh ùug mshjr .kakgo wka whj o ud jgd - uf.a m%foaYfha msßi wjÈ lsÍug yels jQjd o@ ldkd kqjr iñ|dKka ,jd m%d;syd¾h lr.kakg Nd.Hjka; wïud mshjr .;a;d fia ug o ld¾hhla we;' tlsfkld iuÕ l;d lrkak'

ojfia iqmqj; ( ls;=kq oelau iEu ñksfil=f.au Ôú;fha iEu lafIa;%hlu mq¾K j¾Okhls' Od¾ñl ^wd.udkql+,& Ôú;hla hkq fm!oa.,sl Ôú;hg iSud jQ wd;auh .<jd .ekSug fhduqjla hk u;h ;jÿrg;a j,x.= ke;' foaj leue;a; Tjqka jykafiaf.a orejka iod;k Ôú;h ;=< mßmQ¾K;ajh ,nd .ekSu jqj;a fï f,dalh ;=< i;=áka isàuo foaj leue;a; fõ' wd.u hkq fm!oa.,sl Ôú;fha we;=<dka; ksoyi w;alr .ekSug fjfyiSula muKla fkdfõ' wiSisfha m%ekaisia uqks;=ukaf.a" l,algdfõ f;f¾id uõ;=ñhf.a Ôú; f,dalh 141

fjkia lrkakg;a" f,dalhg w¨;a idrO¾u bÈßm;a lsÍug;a iu;a Ôú; úh' foúhka jykafia wm Ôj;a ùug le|jd we;s rgg f,dalhg wms wdorh l< hq;= fjuq' wfma rfÜ fYdaldka;hka" .eg¿ iuÕ o n,dfmdfrd;a;= iy wfmalaIdjka" Yla;Ska yd ÿn,;djhka iuÕ o jdih lrk wm rfÜ ck;djg wms wdorh l< hq;= fjuq' Tjqka yd tluq;= úh hq;= fjuq' tkï" wfma rfÜ ldg ÿlla fõokdjla ±kqk;a wm Bg ueÈy;a úh hq;=h' foaYmd,kfha m%Odk j.lSu idOdrK iudchla yd rdcHhla f.dvkeÕSuhs' —ls;=kqjkag lf;da,slhkag idOdrK;ajh Wfoid isÿjk wr.,j,§ me;a;lg ù n,d isáh fkdyelsh' tfia /£ fkdisáh hq;= nj˜ m%ldY lrkafka 16 jk fnkäla Y=oafOda;a;u mshdKkah' ls;=kq le|ùu jkafka ^ish¿u ls;=kqjkaf.a$ tfårekaf.a& hym;a f,dalhla' hym;a foaYhla f.dvkeÕSuh'

idlÉPd lrkak 1' rg .ek" foaYmd,k m%Yak .ek l;d lsÍu ls;=kq j.lSula f,i Tn okakjdo@ 2' wm rg jeishkag ^l=uk cd;shla" l=uk wd.ula" l=uk ck fldÜGdYhlg wh;a jqjo& whqla;shla" widOdrKhla jk úg whqla;sfha widOdrKfha fõokdj" lelal=u ug ±fkk tl ls%ia;shdks fm%auh lshd Tn okakjdo@ Tng oefkkjdo@ 3' foaYmd,kfha§ wm Bg Rcqj iïnkaO jk wjia:djls wmf.a Pkaoh m%ldY lsÍu" hï f,ilska udf.a Pkao m%ldY lsÍug fkdhEu fyda th ys;d u;d uÕyeÍu jrola f,i ug yefÕkjdo@ 4' yeuodu tlu foaYmd,k mlaIhlg u ne£ tu mlaIhg u muKla Pkaoh fok tl jrola nj;a" mq¿,aj ish¿u mlaI foi" mqoa.,hka foi újD;j ne,Sug fkdyels ùu 142

th rgg wdorh fkdlrk flfkl=f.a ,laIKhla lshd Tng ±fkkjdo@

ukiaia:dmkh ) wd.ñl wdl,amj, fmr<shla b,a,d ukiaia:dmkfhka hdÉ[d lrkak' ) mlaI foaYmd,khg .e;s núka f;drj rg .ek lelal=ula we;s fkdfõ kï ukiaia:dmkh jkak' ) Tn ne£ isákafka" jev lrkafka" wdorh lrkafka ck;djg o@ mlaIhlg o@ ls%ia;=ka jykafia Tfí iajdñhdfKdao@ Pkafo ldf,g fÊiq lshk foa o mlaIh lshk foa o lrkafka@ fÊiq lshk foa lrkak neßkï ukiaia:dmkh jkak'

.S;sldj ( mqnqÿ .S wxl 171 —jy,anfõ wêm;slï rchk f,djla ueÈka''''˜

143

38 jk Èkh

foaYmd,k u;jdohkaf.ka wms tf;r fjuq' wdmiq ne,Su ( ) wm rfÜ m%Odk foaYmd,k mlaIj, we;s foaYmd,k u;jdohka ms<sn| fldf;la wjÈfhka isákafka o@ wjfndaOhla ud yg ;sfnkafka o@ ) Pkaoh m%ldY lsÍfï§ fmdÿ hym; yd rg .ek is;d Pkaoh mdúÉÑ lsÍug Wkkaÿ ù ;sfío@ ) wd.ñl Ôú;h ms<sn|j wmf.a wdl,amj, fmr<shla isÿ úh hq;= hs' bka woyia lrkafka l=ula o@ idlÉPd lrkak'ss

ojfia iqmqj; ( wo jk úg wm foaYhg ksoyi ,eî jir 71 .; ù we;' tfy;a wm foaYhg Wreu ù we;s fuu jHdl+, ;;a;ajfhka kj foaYhla f,i mßj¾:khla we;s jkq ioyd wms fuu ukiaia:dmk ld,hg we;=¿ jqfkuq wm rg fuf;la l,a md,kh l< iy md,khg hï ;rulg fyda iïnkaO ù we;s lsisÿ foaYmd,k mlaIhlg fï kj foaYh wm rg ;=< we;s lsßug fkdyels ú we;' wms wo ;rula ÿrg rfgys mj;akd foaYmd,k mlaIj, foaYmd,k u;jdohka .ek wjOdkh fhduq lruq' wm rgo we;=¿j wo f,dalfha jHma;j we;af;a kj ,snr,ajdohhs ^Neo Liberalism&' ,snr,ajdofha uq,a hq.h iïNdjH ,snr,ajdoh f,i y`ÿkajhs' tf;la ;snq jevjiï jdofhka mSvdjg m;ajqk ck;dj fï foaYmd,k u;jdohg leu;s úh' ñksiqkaf.a jev j,g wdKavqj ueÈy;a ùu wjYH fkdjk nj;a ñksiqkaf.a ksoyig ndOd fkdl< hq;= nj;a ñksiqkag Wmßu f,i uqo,a Wmhkakg mq¿jka nj;a uqo,a ;uka leu;s f,i mßyrKh lrkakg mq¿jka nj;a fuu u;jdofhka 144

ms<s .kshs' tysÈ tla Ñka;lfhl=f.a m%ldYhlg wjOdkh fhduq lruq( —mqoa.,hka m%udKj;a f,i Ôj;a ùug ;rÕ lrkafka kï Tjqka Ôj;a úh hq;=h' Tjqka Ôj;a ùu i|yd m%udKj;a f,i ;rÕ fkdlrkafka kï Tjqka urKhg m;ajkafkah' Tjqka urKhg m;aùu hym;a fõ'˜ ^Herbert Spencer - ,snr,ajd§ Ñka;khls& fuu ,snr,ajdoh wo jk úg fj<|fmd< b,lal lr .;a OkjdÈ wd¾Ól l%ufha j¾Okh Wmßu uÜgulg f.keú;a ;sfnhs' 1977 ka miqj tlai;a cd;sl mlaIh" fmdÿ fmruqK" tlai;a ck;d ksoyia ikaOdkh" fy< Wreuh jeks mlaIj, foaYmd,k wd¾Ól l%%ufõofha moku fuu u;jdohhs' tla tla mlaI fuu l%ufõo wvq jeä jYfhka l%shd;aul lrhs' Y%S ,xld ksoyia mlaIh 1970 ld,fhys kq;k ,snr,ajdoh tkï" rch hï iqN idOk lghq;= i|yd ueÈy;a úh hq;=h hk u;fha isáho ikaOdk .;ùfuka miq kj ,snr,ajdÈ u;fha isg l%shd lrkq olakg we;' rfÜ fi!LH" wOHdmkh" .ukd.ukh" wd¾Ólh úfoaY rgj,a iu. iïnkaO;d ish,a,u ;Skaÿ lrkafka ,snr,a u;jdoh u;h' Wod(- wOHdmkh ioyd o< cd;sl ksYamdokfhka 6] la fjka lrk f,i 1977ka miq iEu wdKavqjlskau b,a,d isáh kuq;a ,snr,ajdÈ m%;am;a;s u; wdKavqj wOHdmkhg uqo,a úhoï fkdlr tajd fm!oa.,slrKh lrkak mgka .;af;ah' fm!oa.,sl úYaj úoHd," fm!oa.,sl mx;s oeka ìys ù we;' wo Tfí orejdf.a wOHdmkhg Tng fld;rï uqo,la jeh lrkak fj,do@ ta lshkafka uqo,a ;shk flkdg myiqlï ,efnk w;r ke;s flkd wdmiaig hkafkah' fuh yeu lafI;%hlgu n,mdhs'

ukiaia:dmkh Y=' uf;õ 20(1-16 lshjkak' l%sia;=ia jykafia wkdjrKh l< foaj rdcHfha jákdlu ukqIH jákdlu iu. fkd.e,fmk nj wjfndaO lr .ksuq' j;= 145

ysñhdg Wfokau yuq jqfka hula lula lr.; yels Yla;su;a msßils' jev fidhd meñfKk whf.ka wjidkfha b;sß jkafka lsisu jevla fkd.;a ÿ¾j, msßils' foaj rdcHfha hqla;sh idOdrKh ;SrKh jkafka fm%auh u; jk neúka m<uqjekakdg fukau ÿ¾j,hdgo Tyqg wjYH foa imhd §u foúhka foúhka jykafiaf.a fma%uhhs' fuu foaj rdcHfha ie,eiau f;areï .; fkdyelsj wms hï mlaIhlg u;jdohlg fldgq ù isáhd kï foaj rdcHfhys jákdlï f,dalhg odkh lsÍu msKsi wms ukiaia:dmkhlg we;=¿ fjuq'

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fN!;sl jdofhka wOHd;añl;ajhg ukiaia:dmkh jkak wdmiq ne,Su ( Bfha Èkfha§ ,snr,ajdoh .ek wms hï ;rulg oekqj;a jqfKuq' wm rfÜ mej;s ,snr,ajd§ mlaI .ek;a tajdg wm ;=< hï we,aula we;akï bka tf;r ùug wjYH n,h Y=oaOd;auhdKkaf.ka b,a,d isáfhuq' zwehs ta mlaI ú;ro ;j mlaI ;sfhkjd fka¦ ta .ek l:d lrkafka keoao@Z iuyr whg ysf;kakg mq¿jk' wms ta .ek;a ukiaia:dmkh ù wo ojig we;=¿ fjuq'

ojfia iqmqj; ( wo ojfia§ wms l;d lrkakg hkafka b;du ir< wkaoñka iudcjdoh yd udlaiajdoh .ekhs' iudcjdofha§ iEu úgu wjOdkh fokafka mqoa.,hd .ek fkdj fmdÿ nj - iudch .ekhs' fuys§ isÿ jkafka hula ksIamdokh lsÍu" fnod yeÍu" yqjudre lsÍu" ,dNh fmdÿ whs;shg m;a lsÍuhs' iudcfha ish¨ fokdu iudk neúka yeu fohlau yeu fklkdgu whs;shs' tfy;a fï iudklu we;s lrkak wudre fohls' ta ksid thg l%uhla wjYHhs' oekg n,h ;sfnkafka uqo,a ;sfnk Okm;s mka;shgh' ta n,h lïlrejka w;g wrf.k md,kh lïlrejka w;g .kak ´fka' yeu fohlau fmdÿ ksid ta ish,a, md,kh lrkak ´fka lïlre wd{dodhl;ajhla iys; mlaIhla ;=<sks' fuh neÆ ne,aug wdl¾YkSh ;;a;ajhls' tfy;a fuu l%uh mej;s f,dalfha fndfyda rgj,a tu foaYmd,k u;jdofhka 147

neyer ù isáhs' Wod(- fidaúhÜ reishdj" oekg Ökh" W;=re fldßhdj" lshqndj jeks rgj,a fuu iudcjd§ l%uh hï;dla ÿrlg ls%hd;aul lrhs' 1970 n,hg m;a iu.s fmruqK wdKavqj Tng u;lo@ YS% ,xld ksoyia mlaIh we;=¿j mlaI lSmhla ,snr,a m%;sm;a;s iu. iudcjdoh wm rfÜ ls%hd;au; lsÍug W;aiy .;ay' ñksiaiq fï l%uh m%;slafIam l<y' ta ksid fÊ wd¾' chj¾Ok uy;dg wêl n,hla ysñlr .ekSfï wjia:dj ie,iSh' wm rfÜ mj;sk m%n,;u udlaiajd§ mlaIh jkafka ck;d úuqla;s fmruqKhs' fmrgq.dó mlaIho fï w;rg .; yelsh' iu iudc mlaIh" fldñhqksiaÜ mlaIh jeks mlaI o wm rfÜ ls%hd;aulh' fudjqkaf.a u;jdoh wdOHd;añl;ajfhka f;drj yqfola fN!;sl w¾:fhka muKla .;a úg th ls%hd;aul lsÍu w;sYhska wiSre fjhs' f,dalfha iudcjd§ n, l|jqre ì| jefgkakg th m%Odk lreKla úh' Y=' Æla 19(1-9 lshjuq' iflajqiaf.a foam< ls%ia;=ia jykaia nf,ka /f.k ÿmam;=kag ÿkafka ke;' ls%ia;=ia jykafiaf.a fm%auh ksidfjka ienE is;a yeÍfuka ;uka i;= foa fnod .;af;ah' ta mQ¾K ksoyiskah' oßøhka ksoyia lr .ekSug kï ls;=kqjd È<s÷lu je<| .; hq;= fjhs' È<s÷lu je<| .ekSug kï foaj wkq.%yhla ,eìh hq;=u h' fÊiq ls%ia;=ka jykafia wmf.a Ôú;fha tlu iajdñhdKka f,i ms<s.kakd ls;= ok mqnqÿ ck;djf.a Ôú; l%ufha ir, w,afmaÉP Ôú; rgdj b;d jeo.;a ,laIKhls' ienúkau w,afmaÉP;djh ls%ia;shdks Ôú;fha ,laIKhls' È<s÷lu nhdÿlula f,i ie,lSu f,dal ±lauhs' tfy;a Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafia yg k;=jQjka yg th nhdÿlula 148

fkdj wdOHd;añl Yla;shls' È<s÷lu je<|.ekSu" w,afmaÉP Ôú;hla .; lsÍu kj ,snr,ajd§ wd¾Ól kHdhjd§ o¾Ykh yryd .eínr fldg jod yod isák o¾ø;djhg tfrysj ie<iqï iy.; wdOHd;añl ix.%duhla yryd iudc fjkilg fhduq jk .eUqre ls%ia;shdks ldrfhl=f.a Ôú; ,laIKhls'

ukiaia:dmkh ls%ia;shdks oelau hï foaYmd,k u;jdohlg isr fldg ;nd f.k isàfï mdmhg wms wjÈ fjuq' —È<skaod˜ ms<sn|j ls%ia;=ia jykafiaf.a oelau jQfha È<s`ÿka Wfoid È<s`ÿlu wdorfhka je<of.k Tyqg foaj mq;%Ndjfha úuqla;sodhl wNsudkh ,nd §uh' tjeks .eUqre Ôú; oelaulg yefrkakg wjYH Y=oaOd;au n,h m;d wms hdÉ[d lruq'

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ienE foaYmd,k ukiaia:dmkhla ;=<ska w¨;a wyila æ w¨;a fmdf<djla æ wdmiq ne,Su ( foaYmd,k u;jdohlg fldgqlr isrlr we;s È<skaod ms<sn|j mq¿,a jQ ls%ia;shdks oelau ms<sn|j Bfha Èkfha§ wms wjÈ jqfkuq' fuu foaYmd,k u;jdo" mlaI foaYmd,k .ek wms wjOdkh fhduq lsÍfï§ wmf.a wNHka;rfha úfõpk rdYshla we;s ù ;sfnkakg we;' Tng oefkk foa wjxlj ix>h iu. fnod .kak'

ojfia iqmqj; ( Èk y;<sfya ukiaia:dmkfha wo wjidk Èkhhs' fï Èk y;<sy mqrdu wms Y=oaOd;auhdKka ;=< ienE ukiaia:dmkhlg we;=¿ jqfkuq' —wmf.a ukiaia:dmkh ;=<ska kj foaYhla lrd˜ Y=oaOd;auhdKka úiska wkdjrKh lrk ,o jpkh .skakla f,i wm ;=< weúf,oa§ th foaYhg wdYS¾jdohlau h' kj ,snr,ajdoh o wo jk úg w¾nQohg ,laj we;' weußldj f,dal n,j;d f,i isáho Ökho ONE BELT ONE ROAD ixl,amh u; f,dalh ;=< n,j;a fjñka isáhs' uq;= fmdfÜ Wmdh ud¾.h ;=< Ökfha wjOdkh Y%S ,xldj fj; fhduqj we;' weußldfõ Wmdh ud¾.h jkafka wdishdj jfÜ lerlSuhs' tys§ bkaÈhka id.rfha wm rfÜ msysàu u; weußldfõ wjOdkh o wm rg fj; fhduq ù we;' weußldj we;=¿ hqfrdamSh rgj, o" Ökh iy bkaÈhdfõ o n,mEu flfrys ksis wjOdkhla wm rfgys n,j;=kg weoao hkak .eg¿ iy.;h' Èfkka Èk rfÜ mdßißl jHikhka o by< hñka mj;S' bkaÈhdj yd ,xldj w;r tla;rd uqyqÿ fldgila forfÜ l=Kq 150

ksid u< uqyqola njg m;a fjñka we;s nj mßirfõÈka mji;s' ol=Kq wdishdfõ l=vd rgla jQ wmg ol=Kq wdishdfõ úYd,;u jl=.vq frdayf,ys ysñldß;ajh we;' wmf.a j;=r álg fudlo jqfKa@ f,dalfha jeäu lDIs ridhk Ndú;d lrk rg ,xldj njg m;aj we;' uyr.u ms<sld frday,g wu;rj ;j;a ms<sld frday,a ,xldfõ bÈfjñka mj;S' ,laI 40 jk mdi,a <uqka f.ka 20] g Èhjeähd frda.h je<£ we;' ,dNh muKla mokï lr.;a wd¾Ól l%fudamdhka ilik foaYmd,k kdhlhka uqo,g úlsfKñka" fldñia .iñka" w,a,i yd ÿIKfha fhfoñka wm rg jkid,ñka isà' fujka miqìul wm rfÜ cd;sjdÈ wd.ïjdÈ w¾nqohkays o wvqjla ke;' wm rg mdrd§ihls' ;jÿrg;a úfoaY u;jdo ;+< isg foaYmd,k ;Skaÿ ;SrK .kakjd fjkqjg wmf.a ñïu fjkia lr .; hq;=hs' wm rfÜ md,k l%uh ilia úh hq;af;a" foaYSh fyda úfoaYSh fyda wdkhkh l< jevjiï jdoh" Ok jdoh" iudc jdoh" udkj jdoh" cd;s jdoh" ckjd¾.sl jdoh" wd.ñl Wu;= Y%oaOd jdoh jeks udre jk fjkia jk u;jdo u;o" ke;fyd;a fn!oaO O¾uh" yskaÿ O¾uh" ls%ia;shdks O¾uh yd bia,dï O¾uh hkqfjka y÷kajkq ,nk wm m%Odk O¾uhkays ks¾ud;Djreka bÈßm;a l< —mru i;Hh˜ kue;s iaÒr idr moku u;o hkakhs' tfy;a O¾uh u; mokï ùu hkqfjka yqÿ wka;jd§ uQ,O¾u jd§ wd.ól u;jdohka biau;= lr,Su fuys§ woyia fkdfõ' fn!oaO" yskaÿ" ls%ia;shdks yd bia,dï hk W;=ï O¾uhkays wka;¾.; úuqla;sodhl yrh mokï lr.; hq;=h' isxy," fou<" uqia,sï" n¾.¾ uef,a wd§ ^YS% ,xldfõ ojilg fvd,¾ foll wdodhï ,nk wka; È<s÷ ck;dj 151

20] ls' fvd,¾ y;rl wdodhï ,nk È<s÷ ck;dj 28]la fjoa§ wm rfÜ uOHu mdka;sl ck;dj 34]la yd by<u fmdfydi;=ka msßi 18]la fjhs'& ´kEu ckj¾.hlg wh;a jQj;a ^20]la jQ& wka; ÿ.Skaf.a o wNsjDoaêh ioyd jQ l%ufõohla ;sìh hq;=h' YS% ,xldj f,dalfha wfkl=;a rgj,ays mj;sk —hym;˜ flfrys újD; Ndjhla we;s úh hq;= w;r" YS% ,dxflah wkkH;djh ;=< we;s jákdlï iu. ck;djf.a iqN isoaêhg tu hym;a lreKq odhl lr .; hq;=h' foaYfha wka; ÿ.S ñksfil=g jqjo Tyqg ysñ ;ek ,nd fokqjia lDIsl¾uh yd wd.ól iodpdrfha moku biau;= lrñka wm ck;djf.a m%dKkd,sh jk lDIsld¾ól wxYh jeä j¾Okh l< hq;=h' ÈhqKqj lrd yUd hk kQ;k wêfõ.S .ufka§ tu m%dKkd,shg hgù ñh hdug bv fkdÈh hq;=h' ish¨ O¾uhkays Ôú; l%uhla f,i wm rfÜ mej;s iduqysl Ôú; meje;au iuÕ ir, w,afmaÉP Ôú; rgdj wkq.ukh l< hq;=h'

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152

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