NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE
T
W
O
O
N
E
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
A
0
1
6
6
7
7
6
L
ONE | TIMBER PAVILION
2
TWO | SITE, PROGRAMME
30
Preamble When a structural concept has found its implementation through construction the visual result will affect it through certain expressive qualities which clearly have something to do with the play of forces and corresponding arrangement of parts in the building yet cannot be described in terms of construction and structure alone. For these qualities which are expressive of a relation of form to force, the term tectonic should be reserved. – Eduard Sekler (1963) from Structure, Construction and Tectonics. Architecture is not just about space and abstract form but as much about structure and construction. In the works of architects such as Wright, Kahn, Scarpa, and Mies, constructional form and material character are integral to the architectural expression. In this project, you will explore the relationship of structure, construction and architectural expression. The vehicle is a Pavilion.The typical conventional pavilion in the west is an ornamental building, often used as a pleasurehouse or summerhouse in a garden. In Victorian England, the typical iron-and-glass pavilion would be found attached to a cricket or other sports ground; or projecting as a conservatory as a projecting feature of a larger building or terminating the wings. In Asian contexts, the pavilion is often a simple square, round or octagonal roofed or domed shelter set in the garden. Raised and open-sided, the pavilion sometimes offers views of a water or other landscape feature. The pavilion would thus be a favourite place of repose for leisure, a quiet conversation or even solitary contemplation in the early morning or evening. The pavilion or “sala” is a common structure in Thailand. It is commonly used for quiet reflection, picnics, weddings, and other celebrations or as a street shelter from rain and heat. In Sri Lanka, the pavilion or “ambalama” is commonly found in the village square and serves as a community gathering place or as a refuge for travelers to stay overnight. In some places, the pavilions are often a labour of love by the community with everyone involved in some way or other in its completion. Programme/Project You are to design a prefabricated DIY timber pavilion with components that can be delivered in a flat pack, and assembled together by reading the instructions manual. Think of the equivalent of an IKEA knock down furniture pack. It is of a modular design with the whole formed by parts.
1
M I G A _ K U B O I D E R
2
TIMBER PAVILION
THE SLIPPER EFFECT THIS PAVILION HOPES TO EXPLORE THE ATTRACTIVE NATURE OF HUMANS ON OTHERS.VERY OFTEN PEOPLE ARE ATTRACTED TO SHOPS AND EVENTS WITH MORE PEOPLE. WE ARE CURIOUS CREATURES WHO HAVE AN IMMENSE FEAR OF MISSING OUT. THIS PAVILION GROWS AS IT IS UTILISED, OPENING UP TO CREATE MORE TABLES OR TO ALTER SPACES FOR DIFFERENT USES. THROUGH THIS TRANSFORMATION, PEOPLE WILL BE ABLE TO INFER HOW MANY USERS ARE IN THE PAVILION AT ONE GLANCE. AS THE PAVILION GROWS, THREE INDIVIDUAL PAVILIONS GROW AND JOIN TO CREATE ONE COHESIVE PAVILION. TARGETED TOWARDS UNIVERSITY STUDENTS, THIS HOPES TO PROMOTE COLLABORATIVE LEARNING BETWEEN STUDENTS.
3
MIGA KUBOIDER
4
TIMBER PAVILION
PROCESS ONE - THREE CUBES, FACADE SHAPED BY INTERIOR ACTIVITES 5
MIGA KUBOIDER
PROCESS TWO - EXPLORATION OF UTILISING STRAIGHT TIMBER FOR CURVED FORMS 6
TIMBER PAVILION
PLAN (CLOSED)
THE PAVILION EXISTS AS THREE SEPERATE INDIVIDUAL CAPSULES WHEN CLOSED BUT OPEN UP AND UNITE WHEN UTILISED
7
MIGA KUBOIDER
PLAN (OPEN)
8
TIMBER PAVILION
SECTION A - A’ (CLOSED)
WALLS AT BOTH ENDS OPEN TO TRANSFORM THE PRIVATE STUDYING SPACES INTO OPEN LOUNGE SPACES
9
MIGA KUBOIDER
SECTION B - B’ (OPEN)
10
TIMBER PAVILION
SECTION C - C’ (CLOSED)
WALLS CAN BE PULLED DOWN TO CREATE ADDITIONAL SEATING
11
MIGA KUBOIDER
SECTION D - D’ (OPEN)
12
TIMBER PAVILION
13
MIGA KUBOIDER
14
TIMBER PAVILION
15
MIGA KUBOIDER
16
TIMBER PAVILION
17
MIGA KUBOIDER
18
TIMBER PAVILION
19
MIGA KUBOIDER
20
TIMBER PAVILION
ELEVATION 21
MIGA KUBOIDER
PLAN 22
TIMBER PAVILION
PERSPECTIVE ONE 23
MIGA KUBOIDER
PERSPECTIVE TWO 24
TIMBER PAVILION
DOWEL JOINT 25
MIGA KUBOIDER
SQUARE DOWEL JOINT 26
TIMBER PAVILION
SQUARE DOWEL JOINT 27
STEEL PLATE FOUNDATION
MIGA KUBOIDER
TABLE LOCKING MECHANISM 28
PREAMBLE The good building is not one that hurts the landscape, but one which makes the landscape more beautiful than it was before the building was built. Frank Lloyd Wright. Good architecture responds in specific ways to its site, its context, its programme, and its users. No two buildings on different sites would look the same. This project focuses on Site and Programme as the drivers of your design. Students are to understand the site and explore designs in response to the site context and the programme. Bernard Tschumi believed that there is no architecture without events, actions or activity and architecture cannot be dissociated from the events and movements of the people that inhabit it. He relates, “I would like people in general, and not only architects, to understand that architecture is not only what it looks like, but also what happens in it.� For the chosen site, students are to demonstrate an understanding of the history/heritage, topography, the surrounding landscape, vegetation, microclimate (sun, wind and rain), views, circulation routes and activities happening on and around the site. Study and analyse the character of the site. On the site, the approach to the building is as important as its architecture. It is the first experience of your building by a visitor. PROGRAMME/PROJECT Design a visitor/information or educational center at the site chosen by your tutor. A visitor/information or educational centre introduces visitors to the site and its surrounding, and promote and educate visitors on what the site and its surrounding have to offer. The programme of the building should be in response to the site context. You are free to propose a specific programme of the center after your site analysis.
29
D I S T O R T I Ø N
30
SITE, PROGRAMME
SITE STUDY
31
DISTORTIØN
32
SITE, PROGRAMME
Ecology
Little Guilin ,Bukit Batok
land
Trees : Forested region provide shelter and food for a variety of birds and small animals. Changeable Lizard , Greentree Crested Lizard ,monkeys ,Mynah,,Plantain squirrel,Collared Kingfisher Land :Flat and open areas where grasses are the dominant type of vegetation Monitor Lizard, Chicken , White breasted Waterhen Water : Rivers, creeks, lakes, ponds, and streams are all freshwater habitats. Nutrient levels vary depending on vegtation,bedrock and landuses Australian Red-Claw Crayfish, Red-eared Box Terrapin, Turtle , Red tail Catfish,Tomans
33
DISTORTIØN SUMMER
MORNING 0900
AFTERNOON 1300
EVENING 1800
WINTER
MORNING 0900
AFTERNOON 1300
EVENING 1800
34
SITE, PROGRAMME OVERALL SITE PLAN
PUBLIC HOUSING
PUBLIC HOUSING ARE PLACED FUTHER AWAY FROM THE GREEN AREAS AND ARE NOT ORIENTATED TO MAXIMISE VIEWS
LANDED PROPERTY
TERRACED HOUSING IS LOCATED EAST OF THE PARK, ALTHOUGH UNABLE TO VIEW THE LAKE, IS STILL IN CLOSE VICINITY TO GREEN SPACES
GATED COMMUNITIES
GATED COMMUNITIES SURROUND THE IMMEDIATE VICINITY OF THE GREEN AREA TO MAXIMISE VIEWS OF IT MANY TOWER OVER THE REST OF THE STRUCTURES TO BETTER OBTAIN GOOD VIEWS
LITTLE GUILIN IS SURROUNDED BY MOSTLY RESIDENTIAL COMPLEXES. LAND IS EQUALLY SPLIT BETWEEN GATED COMMUNITIES, PUBLIC HOUSING AND LANDED PROPERTY. WITH SUCH HIGH POPULATION DENSITY IN CLOSE VICINITY, MANY FAMILIES CAN EASILY ACCES THE PARK DURING EVENINGS AND WEEKENDS.
35
DISTORTIØN
POPULATION SITE PLAN
1.09 km² 13,290
ACTIVITIES ACTIVITIES
GENDER
14000
GENDER
13800
FISHING 7%
13600 13400 FEMALE 51%
13200 13000
YEAR 2010
YEAR 2015
JOGGING 32%
SPIRITUAL 3%
80+ YEARS 5% 56-75 YEARS 13% 27-55 YEARS 12% 19-26 YEARS 22%
0-12 YEARS 19%
13-18 YEARS 29%
REFUGE SOCIAL
DATING 9%
MALE 6470 FEMALE 6820
12800 12600
MALE 49%
REFUGE 18%
AGE GROUP
CYCLING JOGGING EXERCISING TAI CHEE ROMANCE SPIRITUAL FISHING SANCTUARY
CYCLING 19%
FRIENDS 25%
EXERCISING 12%
NATIONALITY
FAMILIES 13%
PERMANENT RESIDENT 27% TOURISTS 13%
ALONE 62%
LOCALS 60%
YEAR 2017
AGE GROUPS AGE GROUPS
AGE DISTRIBUTION
65+ YEARS 12%
80+ YEARS
0-14 YEARS 14%
CYCLING CYCLING
DATING OUTING
FISHING FISHING
JOGGING JOGGING
EXERCISING EXERCISING
70-79 YEARS 60-69 YEARS 50-59 YEARS 40-49 YEARS 30-39 YEARS
15-64 YEARS 74%
20-29 YEARS
WEEKEND 57%
WEEKDAY 43%
WEEKEND 49%
WEEKDAY 33% WEEKDAY 51%
WEEKEND 67%
WEEKEND 55%
WEEKDAY 45%
WEEKDAY 37% WEEKEND 63%
10-19 YEARS 0-9 YEARS 0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
0-14 YEARS 1890 15-64 YEARS 9880 65+ YEARS 1550
36
SITE, PROGRAMME
OVERALL SITE PLAN 37
DISTORTIØN
OVERALL SITE SECTION 38
SITE, PROGRAMME
MANY SEE A QUARRY AS A DESTRUCTION OF THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT. NATURE IS BIGGER THAN HUMANS, IT IS NOT DESTROYED BUT CHANGED FROM ONE FORM TO ANOTHER. SIMILARLY, THE VISITOR CENTRE’S PURE CUBE-LIKE SHAPE IS SLOWLY DISTORTED AND WARPED AS IT MOVES FROM THE REAR TO THE FRONT. ALTHOUGH DIFFERENT, THE SPACES BECOME MORE INTERESTING DUE TO THIS CHANGE. SPACES ARE SUBTRACTED FROM THIS FORM SIMILARLY TO HOW A QUARRY REMOVES MATERIAL FROM THE GROUND. THIS CREATES AN INTERPLAY OF POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE SPACES WITHIN THE MONOLITHIC STRUCTURE. GUESTS ARE INVITED INTO THE ROCK CLIMBING VISITOR CENTRE IN LITTLE GUILIN TO LEARN ABOUT ENVIRONMENTAL DEGREDATION, IN THIS CASE, THE IMPACTS OF QUARRY WORK AND THE OUTCOMES. ROCK CLIMBING IS USED TO SHOW HOW OPPORTUNITIES CAN BE CREATED FROM SUCH “DESTRUCTION”. IT CREATES AN AVENUE WHERE GUESTS ARE ABLE TO APPRECIATE CLIFF SIDE HABITATS WHICH WOULD NOT BE THERE WITHOUT THE QUARRY
39
DISTORTIØN
ISOMETRIC 40
SITE, PROGRAMME
SIDE ELEVATION
FRONT ELEVATION
CONCEPT SKETCHES ONE - UTILISING THE EXISTING TOPOGRAPHY TO SHAPE PROGRAMME, ROCK CLIMBING 41
DISTORTIØN
CONCEPT SKETCHES TWO - MOVING THE PROGRAMME TO WITHIN THE BUILDING 42
SITE, PROGRAMME
P R O C E S S
43
DISTORTIØN
44
SITE, PROGRAMME
B
B’
A
A’
ROOF PLAN
45
DISTORTIØN
ELEVATION
46
SITE, PROGRAMME
CLASSROOM 1
B
B’
A
A’
SECOND FLOOR PLAN
47
DISTORTIØN
SECTION A - A’
48
SITE, PROGRAMME
B
B’
A
A’
FIRST FLOOR PLAN
49
SITE, PROGRAMME
ENTRANCE
51
DISTORTIØN
ROOF GARDEN
52
SITE, PROGRAMME
CLIMBING WALL
53
DISTORTIØN
CIRCULATION
54
SITE, PROGRAMME
55
DISTORTIØN
56
SITE, PROGRAMME
57
DISTORTIØN
58
SITE, PROGRAMME
FRONT PERSPECTIVE 59
DISTORTIØN
KIT OF PARTS
60
SITE, PROGRAMME
ELEVATION 61
DISTORTIØN
PLAN 62
WORKS FROM YEAR TWO, SEMESTER ONE
TAN WENKAI, RAFAEL, A0166776L UNDER TUTELAGE OF LEE HUI LIAN ACADEMIC YEAR 18/19
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE SCHOOL OF DESIGN AND ENVIRONMENT DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
63
18 . 11 . 2018