Jakarta
Jawa Sea
DKI JAKARTA
Jakarta Bay North
Coordinates 6°12′S 106°49′E West
Special Capital Region Capital of Indonesia
Overview
Tropical Monsoon Climate Annual Rainfall 1855 mm South
DKI Jakarta Scale 1:200,000
e
49 (7 ,1 0% 63 )
28 5, 20 24 13 5)
2 (6 01 6. 4 6%
)
(4 77 , 2 (6 01 2% 0 )
2 (9 01 ,6 0 07 ,7 87 ) 20 (1 1 0, 3 (8 2 09 .4 01 0, 7% 4 30 ) 1) 2 (1 03 2, 0 47 5, 16 0) (2 .7 20 m 14 ill ) 2 (1 03 7, 0 76 2)
2 (1 01 5, 3 23 4)
(12)
(10)
(13)
ce
ce
nt
c
eo f ne G d i re n
tt ur
to
sp
en
or
ts
0. 43 (4 (4 12 .0 ,7 9% 9 0 ) )
0. 38
ll,
1989
eD K PO I J ST a 20 ka 04 rta
JA K
AR TA
25.9%
2004
sou
10
ent desi gnated mni.tu-b er
www.alu
(33)
(34)
10-25 m2
28 m2
3.0%
16
.4
2.5 m2/p
7 m2/p
944 million m3
km
30
(38)
0.7-1.1m
(m)
min 6.5m
Jakarta (14) “Urban Development & Spatial Planning of Greater Jakarta”. Wilmar Salim, Forum Komunikasi Pembangunan. 2013 (15) Bappenas Tata Kota (16) BPS DKI Jakarta, 2004 (17) “Tingkat kemiskinan di DKI Jakarta”. Jakarta.go.id. 2013 (18) Susenas. BPS. 2014 (19) Indonesian Politics in Crisis the long Fall of Suharto 1996-1998 (20) State of World’s Citites 2008/2009; Harmonious Cities. UN Habitat (21) UN Habitat. 2002 (22) Rencana Kerja Pemerintah Daerah (RKPD) 2015 (23) “Rich Benefit Most From RI’s Growth”. The Jakarta Post. 2014 (24) Mega Urban Regions in Pacific Asia: Urban Dynamics in A Global Era (25) Rencana Tata Ruang Jakarta 2007 (26) “With a Daytime Population of 12 Million, Jakarta is Overpopulated”. The Jakarta Post. 2011 (27) “Berapa Juta Jumlah Penduduk Jakarta”. www.merdeka. com. 2014
(~0.3%)
Non access. Green
(~1.24%)
Agriculture, Mangroves
2003
(~8.3%)
City Parks include public recreational parks, city forest, zoo and university campus. Non accessible green areas include golf courses, cemetaries and amusement parks. Agriculture, mangroves, wetlands and uncultivated land.
9.1%
INDUSTRY 1.5%
Direct access to fresh water
SUPPLY
< 25% of ppl
0.13% 0.11%
16.93%
3.67% 0.02%
RESIDENCE/ COMMERCIAL 90%
10.91%
28.72% Unprotected well Rain River
Pacakaged water Refilled water Drilled well pump Subscribed water Retailed water Protected well
SOURCE : Badan Pusat Statistik DKI jakarta
0.11$
1
5
10 km
Public
0.86%
99.73%
(rivers, lakes & reservoir)
Private
0.27%
(golf course lakes, pond in farms)
Clean drinking water sources Not Clean drinking water sources
Northern area of Jakarta Existing ground surface
98.13%
SANITATION
1.87%
Private Public
POOR HOUSEHOLDS & PUBLIC HOSPITALS
excessive ground water absorption
sea water intrusion
LAND SUBSIDENCE
-2
is is Cr
i )
sqm
Interstitial Space
Park & Promenade
Shopping Mall
ce:
sour
563 km²
n
latio
with
u calc self
20.5 km²
Park & Promenade
(1
6.3 km²
12
sqm
y ar
4
Jo E ko (2 ra w 0
n tio
01
source: Jakarta in Figure 1990-2014 & Google earth
ll ShoppinrgInteMrna Research (2014) ational Indonesia -
0.2 km²
source: Collie
7%
3%
2013
Motorcycles
3.0 million
Pessanger Cars
0.6 million
Cargo Cars
0.3 million
Buses
173 malls
Interstitial Space
2014
51 km²
0.6%
Park & Promenade
Shopping Mall
89% 11.9 million
4.1 km²
Percentage of Social Space
11 malls
368 km²
sqm
p a in Figur U t l Bui Jakart
on 7) e t
e
0.4
2
14 a 0-20 e 9 9 r A e1
99
ac
e1 99 0
M
Sp
Co B ns (1 o tr 99 o uc m 0)
ial
Social Space per Capita 5
City Parks & Promenade Shopping Malls
Mobility 27.7
48,8 km2
15.9
41,5 km2
11.9
Road area
47,6 km2
18.0
Vehicles Area
Source : Jakarta in Figures 2000-2014
28,5 km2
7.2
Rise in sea level
After land subsidience
SOURCE : http://www.auick.org/database/apc/apc021/apc02103.html SOURCE :DKI JAKARTA DALAM ANGKA 2012
WATER TARIFF USD
tit
(28) Susenas September 2013, Maret dan September 2014 (29) “Indikator Makro Ekonomi Sosial DKI Jakarta 2009-2011”. BPS DKI Jakarta (30) Self Calculation from Total Number of Poor People / Total Population in 2013 (31) “Decent Work in Jakarta: An Integrated Approach”. International Labour Organization. 2012 (32) BPS Provinsi DKI Jakarta, 2012 (33) “Permukiman Kumuh di Wilayah Jakarta Timur”. Bogor Agricultural University (34) Peraturan Gubenur Provinsi DKI Jakarta No.11/2007 Tanggal 15 Januari 2007 (35) “Persentase Rumah Tangga Menurut Luas Lantai”. BPS DKI Jakarta 2013 (36) Household Composition. Pemerintah Provinsi DKI Jakarta (37) Self Calculation based on House Area / Household Size (38) “Rekayasa Lalu Lintas”. Institut Teknologi Padang
2.5%
Total surfac e water of D KI Jakarta
38.64%
ers
30 m2/p
source: Beb an Berat Ja karta
OTHERS 5.8%
so u wi rce : th se Jaka lf c alc rta i ula n F tio igu r n
12.3 m2/p
2013
sq
SURFACE W ATER
AGRICULTURE 2%
Int
> 120 m2
total land area 664sqkm
2007
RIVERS
250 km²
(34)
20-49 m2 (36)
(1) National Land Agency; Jakarta Census Bureau of Statistics (2) Statistik Daerah BPS Provinsi DKI Jakarta. 2013 (3) Master Plan National Capital Integrated Coastal Development (NCICD). 2014 (4) “Penggunaan Lahan & Evolusi Penggunaan Lahan di Prov DKI Jakarta”. Universitas Pattimura. Jurnal Agroforestri. 2010 (5) “Luas RTH di Jakarta Belum Bertambah Signifikan”. Kompas.com. 2014 (6) Jakarta Dalam Angka 1997,1999 ,2001,2004,2006,2009,2011,2014. BPS Provinsi DKI Jakarta (7) Statistics for DWI. 2010 (8) “Keadaan Tenagakerjaan di DKI Jakarta Agustus 2014. BPS Provinsi DKI Jakarta 2014 (9) “Unemployment & Underemployment in Indonesia 1976-2000: Paradoxes & Issues”. 2004 (10) “Beban Berat Jakarta”. Kompas (11) Statistics Indonesia. Bps.go.id (12) Statistik Daerah BPS Provinsi DKI Jakarta, 2013 (13) 2014 Rencana Detail Tata Ruang - Peraturan Zonasi. Pemerintah Provinsi Daerah Khusus Ibukota
-1900.pdf
n
WETLAND
1990
(35)
4 people in average
(33)
City Parks
tio
LAKES
New Parks
12.0
Below Flyover
Car Free Day
Street Festival
8.3
3.5 2006
2005 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
2008
2011
2005
2013
2014
119
146
2008
1996
1998
76.10
77.97
Healthcare
ENVIRONMENT Safety
SOCIAL
GINI
2002
nt e m p
GDP
dex
in
Income
elo l dataset v e n d ia regiona a m es Hu don : In
VE DI
75.6
Liveability
2011
E
ed tren d
s
ise r C cial n a l Fin a b Glo
Political stable
Pollution
Culture
ECONOMIC Cost of living
Transportation Recreate
IT RS
RCE
SOU
Y
1999
72.50 What we need?
Strategic Flood Masterplan
Increase drainage capacity of river network
Strategic Moves
Quality of life
Anti Chinese violence
Liveability Concept
Solve solid waste and pollution problem
Preserve and create green areas as floodplains
make Jakarta likeable
Just and fair
INHERITABLE
SOURCE : Patterns of Collective Violence in Indonesia (1990-2003)
Rethink Green Policies
Education
C
Assum
Hygiene
TI
:/
tp : ht E C R SOU
Ecologic
HE
19
HDI
ST
98
142
M
LE
1990
AY
2005
Ri
ra y t i al c b o l gg n i v f li o / y t i .com l r e a c er Qu w.m /ww
HAPPINESS
BL EA LIV
A 7 9 is 9 1 ris C
s ot
g nkin
AB
n
a si
Fi
AE
l
a ci
n na
2014
Source : Departemen Perhubungan, DIrektorat Jenderal Perhubungan Darat (2005), Kebjakan Hemat BBM
Source : Jakarta in Figures 2004-2014 Vehicle space assumption : car - 6,8m2 , motorcycle - 1,2m2 , Bus - 24m2h
Source : Jakarta in Figures 2000-2014
2013
Average Speed on the Road (km/h)
Road Area Compared to Vehicle Area
Total Numbers of Vehicle (million units)
2010
SU ST AI N
Blue Space
(32)
Household Size (people)
9.9%
Green S paces in ion/ABZ Land Us /PDF/TU I/60/suk e Plan amto_tu i_60.pdf
lin.de/fi leadmin
s n Co oom B
1.60$
(31)
2009
/Redakt
HOTELS, HIGHRISE BUILDINGS, BANKS & FACTORIES
+0.01%
2,727 (4.12%)
House Area (m2)
source: D.E . Herwindia ti, S. M. Isa http://www , D. .iaeng.org/p ublication/W Arisandi 2013 CE2011/WC E2011_pp1 895
Governm
https://
CONSUMPTION/ DEMAND 2013
+1.28%
2014
14.7%
13.9%
1992
4.0%
+1.29%
(29)
43
2004
2000
c
(29)
2013
rtah.htm a k a J the_ric ses93i/n r u mong_ A o C Gonlefsia.org/II_Feb_ f o r e b .watchindo Nurcm w e: ww
16
u tr
(29)
source: https://agungwah.files.wordpress.com/2014/02/jkt_landsat8_2013.jpg source: http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=5693
1993
1990
20
14
20
13
20
12 20
11
20
10 20
20
09
(18)
08 20
07
20
06
20
05
20
04 20
(22)
47.67%
ac
ha
1983
Green Space
(4 (4 07 .5 ,0 7% 0 0 ) )
0. (2 32 (3 94 .4 ,0 2% 0 0 ) ) 03
20
02 20
01
20
00
20
99
19
98
earlier
Sp
35.37%
Different types of vegetated areas in Jakarta
0 9 19 oom B
ag
:C ity for es
19
96
19
95
19
94
19
93
19
19
0. 42 3 92
19
91
19
90
19
ur
Co
n
(17)
(17)
(16)
(23)
tio
u tr
ns
24% Pe r
97
(16)
0. 30 5 88 19
(2 (2 84 .9 ,7 % 0 ) 9)
(2 0. 36 (2 15 .4 ,7 3 % 0 ) 0)
(6 03 (7 ,25 .8 5 % ) )
Poor Population (people & %) Gini Coefficient (21)
(29)
51,720 (78.1%)
Road Width
(10)
2 (1 00 3, 5 66 8)
(14)
(29)
(m2/p)
2 (1 01 (4 3, 0 8, 15 95 7 2) )
2 (1 00 (> 1, 0 40 22 ,0 1) 00 )
1 (1 99 (> 0, 0 40 75 ,0 0) 00 ) (14)
(29)
(30)
+4.7%
House (37) Area/ person
(27)
(26)
(10)
1985
Population Growth
$54.9
(28)
16.96%
Coverage
(10)
(10)
(29)
$20.4
(29)
(%)
(13)
(2 .5 20 m 11 ill )
(2 .1 20 m 07 ill )
(1 20 m 01 ill )
(24)
Population Density (people/km2) Max Population Density
(12)
(10)
(25)
(29)
(8)
(1 20 1% 10 )
2 (8 00 ,5 5 40 ,3 06 )
2 (8 00 ,3 0 84 ,8 53 )
(people)
(19)
4.09%
(%)
)
2 (5 00 4. 5 6%
(1 2 5. 00 8% 5 )
(7)
Transit Population
(19)
$9.8
Population
(10)
(10)
(20)
L In ow co m
Sl um
(9 61 2. ,11 3% 9 )
(8 57 6. ,06 3% 3 ) 97 1, 20 25 07 5) (3 32 ,
38 1, 20 40 01 7)
1 (9 99 ,1 5 12 ,6 52 )
1 (8 99 ,2 0 59 ,6 39 )
(11)
(10)
(28)
(USD/ person.day)
(8)
(7)
Total Population
(15)
$1.26
(ha & %) (year)
(1 19 1% 97 )
(% , age 15+)
(people)
Income
(5)
(9)
Un-Employment
M In e codiu m m e H In ig co h m e
70 ,2 33
Demographic Vs House Typologies
(3)
(2)
(7)
(7)
Employment (% , age 15-64)
10km
(1USD=IDR12,000)
(2 37 ,
(5 7, 38 0, 19 51 98 7)
(5 1, 10 6, 19 46 93 0)
(mill. rupiah, constant ‘93) (mill. rupiah, constant ‘00)
Density Demographic
66 ,2 33
(Recovery)
(Inequality)
Phase 3
Phase 4
(Global Crisis)
Phase 1
GDP
Economy Population
(4)
(Economic Boom) 1 (6 99 9, 7 54 3, 44 6)
(8 54 2. ,50 1% 5 )
(1)
(6)
so
5
(2)
(1)
$
Phase 2
(1)
3 (6 9,7 1. 34 5% )
Land
(1)
(ha & %)
66 ,4 32
64 ,6 53
Land Area (ha) Built Up Area
Social Space
East
One of most Populous urban agglomeration in the world 1
Challenges
Central
TOP
3
ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS
240 sqkm of northern jakarta is below sea level 47% of total land area gets flooded every year
FLOOD
80% of surface water is polluted and not suitable for any use 98% of ground water is below standard of quality and contaminated WATER POLLUTION
Reduce Slums
4m of landsubsidence from 1970 to 2014 Every year the land sinks for 0.7cm
What we want to achieve?
Flood Resilience
Healthy Environment
Social Equality
LAND SUBSIDENCE
Trajectories | Stage 1 | Group 1 | Adelia, Bernd, Jade, Ram, Steven | Interim Presentation 09.02.2015