ABSTRACT The Baby Boomers are coming! The Baby Boomers are coming! Well, coming of age. It has been almost 70 years since World War II. At its conclusion, after the high of victory combined with new found economic prosperity, the victorious soldiers returned (wink, wink, nudge, nudge) and a boom in births erupted in the United States.
This period of
increased birth rates is defined by Encyclopedia Britannica between 1946 to 1964, and decades later it is now poised to create significant challenges for the design of the contemporary built environment. As
For Public Use and Display LEED 2009 for Neighborhood Development Rating System Created by the Congress for the New Urbanism, Natural Resources Defense Council, and the U.S. Green Building Council (Updated October 2010)
the healthcare industry develops a better understanding of how to handle and care for the mounting” population of aging citizens, architecture needs to be equally as progressive in its strategies for design. Not only is there a need for more health care facilities in the United States, but also facilities and communities to house and support a doubling in population of people over 65 by 2030 to 70 million as stated by Nancy Lisbon in 2006.
The following paper will examine
research and precedents that inform a new approach for the design of senior housing with affordability and amenities leading the research. The discussion of designing this new benchmark for senior living begins with affordability and progresses into New Urbanism with ideas rooted in compact, walkable communities. Senior citizens can intentionally live in these urban environments due to the proximity of a wide variety of activities and services and short travel distances to the surrounding people. With a mixture of mid-rise apartments, landscaped streets and activity centers, a new “cityscape” environment will enhance not only the resident’s lifestyles, but the local fabric of an urban infill.
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CASE STUDY 1: de hogeweyk weesp, the netherlands “Residents of the Hogeweyk living and life - under supervision - in an environment where they are familiar from the past. With every imaginable convenience and comfort, adapted to a variety of lifestyles. 23 diverse housing forms together as a unique living concept where approximately 135 residents with dementia were really his home, where they can continue. Their active lives This makes the Hogeweyk a safe and free environment for such a normal and dignified life possible.” ©2014 Molenaar & Bol & VanDillen architecten
THE CASE FOR Tall Wood BUILDINGS How Mass Timber Offers a Safe, Economical, and Environmentally Friendly Alternative for Tall Building Structures PREPARED BY: mgb ARCHITECTURE + DESIGN Equilibrium Consulting LMDG Ltd BTY Group
FEBRUARY 22, 2012
3
2
1
Charring Structural Design Diagram 1 2 3
Sacrificial layer (char layer and pyrolysis zone; no structural capacity) Residual section (structural capacity retained) Rounded corner
http://www.naturallywood.com/ http://www.archiexpo.com/
http://www.woodarchitecture.se/
grid lines within residence are < 24’ o.c. max span of CLT floor panels
rooms set to 4’ multiples for gypsum board less waste and labor
grid lines set to below grade parking garage 110 assigned existing site spaces 32 new visitor and staff only spaces
grid lines set to 30’ o.c. span for steel beams
environmental
activities
so l
st
ice
9
m su
r e m
13 2 1
x
lstice o s r e t n i w
4
x
5
6
3
8
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12
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14
0
500
0
ft
wind direction
sun path
500
6 tennessee theater
1 knoxville fire department
symphony broadway shows
paramedics
knoxville, TN longitude: latitude:
35째 57' 58" N 84째 1' 12" W
zeinth angle: summer solstice: winter solstice:
annunal: calm 32% sw: 10% n: 8%
2 market square
78째 31째
7 main public library 8 worlds fair park
restaurants retail farmers market
avg speed sw: 9.5 mph n: 6.6 mph
amphitheater outdoor festivals
3 ymca 4 regal 8 cinemas 5 krutch park
residential
9 old city restaurants retail bars
10 11 12 13
bijou theater riverwalk knoxville museum of art civic colusem concerts broadway shows
14 university of tennessee over 55 restaurants within 1/2 mile raduis
public transit
x
0
ft
x
500
0
ft
north sub_market
existing buildings
619 units
with units
central sub_market
proposed buildings
307 units
442 units
datum: median median median median
500
ft
downtown loop value: $ 220,100 mortgage: $ 1,327 rent: $ 698 income: $ 36,625
owner-occupied:
gay street line vol line
244
avg. size: 1.43
south sub_market
renter-occupied:
127 units
921
avg. size: 1.37 knoxville metropolitan planning commission 2009
knoxville metropolitan planning commission 2013
U.S. Census Bureau, 2008-2012 American Community Survey
views of two existing parking garages
knox. fire dept: noise
existing residential: do not block views
depression: good for below grade parking
views: offsite
shadow studies: sun year_round good for green space
CASE STUDY 2:
CASE STUDY 3:
Village at Northridge Los Angales, CA
Forte Melbourne, Australia
“Meander through landscaped courtyards as you wind your way seamlessly between indoor and o u t d o o r s pa c e s . F o l l o w t h e sidewalk to the local farmers market, shopping at Northridge Fashion Center, maybe a coffee house for good conversation with f r i e n d s . At T h e Vi l l a g e at Northridge, we surround our residents with an engaging blend of comfort, style, fine dining, endless social and recreational opportunities, and wellness programs.”
“Forté, the world's tallest timber apartment building, is built from CLT or Cross Laminated Timber. CLT is a durable and strong, sustainable, s o l i d - w o o d a lt e r n at i v e t o conventional structural materials. A proven revolution, CLT was developed in Europe and has been used in cutting-edge constructions overseas for more than 10 years. CLT has excellent thermal qualities, meaning it keeps your apartment warmer in winter and cooler in summer. In an apartment setting, wood is warm, natural, smells great and has an exceptional feel. As CLT is a natural product it provides excellent ambient air quality too.”
©2013 Senior Resource Group
© 2011 Lend Lease Corporation.
© 2011 Lend Lease Corporation.
©2013 Senior Resource Group ©2013 Senior Resource Group
© 2011 Lend Lease Corporation.
program_building
communal 22,950 net sqft SITTING ROOM BISTRO MULTI-PURPOSE / EDUCATION LIBRARY INTERNET CAFÉ LOBBY FITNESS CENTER / PHYSICAL THERAPY
residential 83,600 net sqft STUDIO 36 @ 700 sqft
1 BED
administration 11,040 net sqft STORAGE RESIDENT ON-SITE
52 @ 900 sqft
2 BED 7 @ 1200 sqft
ASSISTED 20 @ 300 sqft
BALCONIES 10% of each unit
158,746 gross sqft RESIDENTIAL 83,600 net sqft 78.4%
COMMUNAL BREAK ROOMS OFFICES
11,950 net sqft 11.2 %
ADMINISTRATIVE 11,040 sqft 10.4 %
BACK OF HOUSE SHOP HEALTH CLINIC
BEAUTY SALON ARTS_CRAFTS ROOM SWIMMING POOL GROCERY
CASE STUDY 4: Mirabella Portland, OR “Mirabella's site is key: the highdensity urban location, close to w a l k i n g pat h s a n d p u b l i c transportation, encourages an active lifestyle for the senior residents, filled with socializing, enriching activities, lifelong learning, and fitness. Building amenities including multiple dining venues, a library, auditorium, business center, health and fitness center, spa, pool, bistro café, and beauty salon contribute to this engaging lifestyle.”
©2012 Ankrom Moisan Architects, Inc.
©2012 Ankrom Moisan Architects, Inc.
©2012 Ankrom Moisan Architects, Inc.
MULTI PURPOSE
MECH
OFFICE STORAGE
STORAGE OFFICE
PRIVATE DINING
STORAGE
FR
COOLER
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LOADING STORAGE
KITCHEN
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STORAGE
WH RA
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RECEPTION
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MAIN ENTRY 10m 0 ANNEX: ENTRY
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SITE WORK: cut_ 197,966 cf fill_ 180,551 cf GREEN ROOFS fill_ 5,698 cf
4 LEVELS BELOW GRADE 32 visitor & staff 110 assigned
NET: cut_
A
11,719 cf
A1 10m 0 50ft
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STORAGE THERAPY POOL
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LAP POOL HEALTH CLINIC
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ANNEX:
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GREEN ROOF ACCESS
A
Š 2009 steven hall
solar funnel study 10 stories down inside bistro changed opening to match summer angle . . . . jumpstart for winter light pushed down
winter
equinox
summer
A1
A
A1
A