Building with brick. Schule Scharnhauser Park Ostfildern, Germany.
Chucho MartĂnez // Fady Ajjoub // Reeham Mourad Photo: Brick team 2015
Context “Scharnhauser Park” Historical Background: -
From 1917- 1926 it was King William 1 of Württemberg Royal private stud “Scharnhausen” where he had his horse paddocks, the name came from this era. From 1951 -1992 the site was US Army location-Nellingen Barracks. In 2006, the project was awarded with the German Städtebaupreis award.
Project Aims: Scharnhauser Park provides ecologically exemplary and family-friendly development area for approximately 8.000 residents and approximately 2.000 jobs: Recycling a former military site. Improving the utilization and planning procedures for the civilian rededication of sites and areas previously serving military purposes Promotion of urban design integration with particular attention being paid to the protection of the environment. Creation of a family- and child-friendly new development area. Consistent ecological orientation of the new urban district. Mixed use composed of small units with a low disruption factor. Source: www.werkstatt-stadt.de/en/projects/122/
Spatial concept. The school buildings corresponds to the basic urban planning concept and grid of the rectangular street pattern.
Source: Google maps2009
1990 - Former miltary base
Source: Google maps2009
2002 - Schalhauser Park master plan
Energy concepts Scharnhauser Park EU-programme POLYCITY -
Solar power generation
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Biomass power plant (chip wood power plant): 80 % of the heating energy and, approximately 50 % of the electrical are produced by this Combined Heat and Power Plant (CHP).
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Local heating network:
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Thermal
(CHP plant)
cooling
systems: The first (lithiumbromide refrigerating) plant in Europe, in the office building. It uses the heat generated by the combined woodchip heat and power plant to generate coolness. Local heating network
Source: Energy concepts in the POLYcity project: Scharnhauser Park
Solar power generation
HOFFMANN KILN BRICKS: -
The brick are coarse surface with changed colors to give the impression of the old construction materials.
The BRICK
Characteristics Aesthetically
Structurally
Attractive
Compact
Economically
Environmentally
low production costs
Highly energy efficiency
good quality products
Very low pollution
SIZE, SHAPE AND PIGMENTATION: Bricks of any size, shape and pigmentation can be produced at the factory with minor modifications Photo: Ajjoub 2015
Brick Production phases: Brick Production:
Double Shaft Mixer
Vacuum Extruder in Operation
Clay & Coal being mixed
Green Brick Cutting
Workers arranging green bricks on trolleys
Brick Production phases: Brick Drying: -
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Hot air for drying is forced into the tunnel from the annular kiln. The drying cycle lasts for about 26 hours at about 120 o C. Drying Capacity 60,000/Day
Green bricks entering drying chamber
Dried green bricks
Brick Firing - The dried green bricks are unloaded manually into the annular HHK kiln. - The speed of the firing is 1.25 m/h at a sintering temperature of about 950oC–1050oC. Source: http://www.inecc.gob.mx/descargas/dgcenica/2012_ladriller as_pon_s4_ihussain_eng.pdf
on Brick: “The invention of bricks was the most ingenious one for building construction.”
“Time and again there have been architectural elements acclaimed to be tailored particularly to the human measure [...] then brick is undoubtedly the one.” Source: www.archlro.de
“I cannot imagine any other material or construction element that has the humane measurements of a brick: width, length, height and weight are exactly adapted to fit comfortably into the human hand.”
“From a small practical module, bricks placed together form a support, a wall, a house,an entire city.” Source:
Source: Builing with bricks. Arno Lederer
School and Sports Hall in Schalhauser Park. Primary School 150 Kids Mensa Classrooms / Offices Secondary School 150 Kids IT room Music room
Sports Hall +Outdoor spaces. Used by the community.
8000 habitants 120 Kids
100 Kids
Nowadays
2nd Phase 22.5m €
1st Phase 20m €
8500 habitants
Photo: Martínez 2015
Master Plan Source: www.archlro.de
Ground floor FADI map 01 here
Photo: Photo: Brick team 2015
First floor
Photo: Brick team 2015
Materials Classrooms is dominated by wood. The interior and exterior walls of the school are constructed by brick
Source: Photo: Brick team 2015
Source: Photo: Brick team 2015
Thermal mass effect
Exposed Cement Surfaces
Lighting on the school
Source: www.archlro.de
Photo: Brick team 2015
Daylight analysis
Wind and Ventilation
Performance with static wind
http://world-weather.com.de/archive/germany/ostfildern/
Performance with west wind
The Sports Hall The sports Hall is one space playgrounds and sometimes it's divided by partitions into 3 small playgrounds and play as A Multi purpose unit. Skylights are made of glass. The roof surface of the Gymnasium hall are used for further playgrounds
Source: www.archlro.de
Source: www.archlro.de
Lighting on the Sports Hall
Source: http://deu.archinform.net/projekte/10089.htm
Sport Hall energy data: Construction time: 2001 Area: 2205 m2 Cost: 22.500 M euro Energy related: 1.125 M euro Energy Demand Heating: 70 kWh/m2 a Other: 65 kWh/m2 a After usage the high level of energy consumption in the building was due to: inefficient illumination system 400 W mercury vapour fluorescent lamps moreover problem due to the bad management were recorded.
Heating: The whole building is considered as a single loop and itâ€&#x;s heated by the CCA system
The whole building is considered as a single loop and itâ€&#x;s heated by the CCA system . Keeping the ground floor temperature at a comfortable level leads to much higher temperature in the storeys above.
Sustainable evaluation:
Cultural: -
Competition runned to deliver the convenient design. Famous architectural monument.
Social: -
School needed for the new district. Gym is open to everybody in the district. General satisfaction from the Users. School serve as indicator of cityâ€&#x;s shrinkage.
Economical: -
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Heavily criticised: Project costed +40 million euro. No intention in saving money. More than needed expensive methods. More space than needed for such facility. High tech materials (Double walls and extra building skin).
Ecological: Source: Ajjoub, MartĂnez. 2014
Although it saves energy due to the district general policy, the project itself never seeks clear means of energy saving. The land is recycled. No ecological planning. Using daylight remarkably The use of high energy embodied material (cement + brick).
Technology evaluation:
Low-tech: -
Maintenance. Personal drivings.
High-tech: -
Erroneous design create the need for artificial ligh throughout the all day. „Smartbox‟ High-tech tool to monitor energy consumption. Cement as a main constructive material. Use of constructive material as a facade. Cost 42.5 millions. Sophisticated luminary for low energy consumption. Central energy system combined heath and power plant.
High-tech
Low-tech Source: Ajjoub, Martínez. 2014
Photo: Ajjoub 2015
References: http://www.inecc.gob.mx/descargas/dgcenica/2012_ladrilleras_pon_s4_ihussain_eng.pdf http://six6.region-stuttgart.de/sixcms/media.php/773/Technique-brochure-POLYCITY.pdf http://www.werkstatt-stadt.de/en/projects/122/ http://www.ostfildern.de/scharnhauser_park.html http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scharnhauser_Park http://www.archlro.de/en/projects/projects-leisure-and-sport/schoolhouse-and-gymnasium-ostfildern-1996-1999-200?order=years http://www.schule-im-park.de/ http://www.baunetzwissen.de/objektartikel/Mauerwerk_Grund-und-Hauptschule-Scharnhauser-Park-in-Ostfildern_72296.html