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Editora: Gisele Aga
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Contents Starting Point
page 4
1 2
Mysteries of Humanity Good Manners Matter
page 6
page 14
Stop and Check 1 (Units 1 & 2) Project: Fables in Our Lives
page 22
3 4
Life Online: Private or Public? Their Future in Our Hands
page 24
page 32
Stop and Check 2 (Units 3 & 4) Project: Animal Memory Game
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5 6
What a Wonderful World! Have You Ever Been in Love?
page 42
page 50
Stop and Check 3 (Units 5 & 6) Project: Love Is in the Air! Song: “Have You Ever Been in Love?” (Celine Dion)
page 58
7 8
The 2014 World Cup Keep Fit and Be Happy
page 60
page 68
Stop and Check 4 (Units 7 & 8) Project: School Olympics
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page 76
Track List
page 114
Workbook
page 115
Grammar Reference
page 139
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9 10
Global Diversity Get Well Soon!
page 78
page 86
Stop and Check 5 (Units 9 & 10)
page 94
Project: Planetary Magazine
11 12
Heal the World Brazilian Diversity
page 96
page 104
Stop and Check 6 (Units 11 & 12) page 112
Project: SOS to the World Song: “Message in a Bottle� (The Police)
Grammar Reference Answer Key
page 153
Cross Curricular Project
page 154
Glossary
page 156
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9 1 1
Global Diversity STARTER
Look at the cover of the book and circle the topics that you would probably find in the book. globalization
2
different cultures
entertainment
Check the information that you see on the cover of the book.
a
78
global warming
(
) publisher
b (
) title
c (
) characters
d (
) author
Unit 9
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3
Mark the correct alternative.
3.1 We can infer from the picture that: a(
) there are four important continents in the world.
b(
) four cultures are represented.
c(
) people are the same all over the world.
3.2 We might say that the picture represents: a(
) Arabs, Japanese, Africans and British.
b(
) Latin Americans, Africans, Chinese and Indians.
c(
) Arabs, Africans, Latin Americans and Americans.
Unit 9
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WORDS IN ACTION 1
Circle the alternative that best completes each sentence. Use a dictionary if necessary.
a Integration / Globalization is the process by which regional economies, societies and cultures are integrated through a global network.
b Globalization means putting an end to a world with invisible characteristics / borders. Countries are much more connected nowadays.
c Although people are interacting all the time, they still want to preserve their customs / costumes in a globalized world.
d I don’t think that the freedom / identity of a culture can be destroyed by globalization, by extinguishing its specific characteristics.
e Cultural diversity / Economic diversity refers to the variety of societies or cultures in the world.
2
What do you know about the lifestyles of other people? Look at the pictures and match the sentence halves to complete the information about cultural traditions.
a
b
d
c
e
a Washing a guest’s feet and hands is still...
( ) press their noses and lips on the other person’s skin and then breathe in.
b In Tibet, sticking one’s tongue out...
( ) bow when they welcome guests.
c The British still keep the tradition of...
( ) welcomes people.
d Japanese people...
( ) a common custom in most parts of India.
e When Eskimos greet someone they
( ) eating fish and chips.
love, they... 80
Unit 9
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LANGUAGE PRACTICE
Conditional Sentences Second Conditional (If + Simple Past + would) Expressa uma condição improvável, uma hipótese, uma situação imaginária. If sophisticated communications didn’t exist, cultural globalization wouldn’t occur.
1
Combine the sentence halves. Then fill in the blanks with the verbs in parentheses to form sentences in the second conditional.
a
If we did volunteer work,… Em situações improváveis ou impossíveis, I vem seguido de were em vez de was:
b If the students did all their work,… c
If Kate did sports,…
If I were rich, I would travel around the world.
d I would like to be a lion…
2
e
He would buy a new computer…
f
You would be stronger…
(
) she
(
) if he
(
) we
(help) lots of people.
(
) if I
(be) an animal.
(
) if you
(
) they
(feel) so bored. (have) enough money.
(work out) at the gym. (have) better final grades.
Join the two sentences to form one conditional sentence. Make all the necessary changes. The first one is done for you.
a
The teacher doesn’t speak clearly. The students don’t understand him.
If the teacher spoke clearly, the students would understand him. b Brenda doesn’t study hard. She gets bad grades. c
Tim never wears his glasses. He doesn’t see well.
d I am too short. I don’t play basketball. e
We don’t have a balanced diet. We are overweight.
Unit 9
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3
The Millers are spending some time together in the living room. Look at the picture and fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in the box to answer the question “What are they thinking about?” The first one is done for you.
be (neg.) feel fix (neg.) go start
a Mrs. Miller: I don’t have a new dress for the party tonight. If I
had a new dress for the party tonight, I wouldn’t fix this old one.
b Mr. Miller: I don’t have enough money to pay the bills.
If
,I
in so much trouble.
,I
happier.
,I
by reading this comic book.
,I
to the beach.
c Pat: Leon doesn’t like me.
If
d Jackie: I can’t read.
If
e Bob: It isn’t a sunny day. 82
If
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First Conditional and Second Conditional First Conditional: If she wins the lottery, she will travel abroad. Second Conditional: If they were famous, they would be on TV.
4
Read the sentences. What can you conclude from them?
Unless we cut down on smoking, we will live shorter lives.
4.1 If we had a car, we would drive to the country. a(
) We don’t want to drive to the country.
b(
) We don’t have a car.
4.2 If you are smart, you won’t break up with your boyfriend. a(
) You should break up with your boyfriend.
b(
) I suggest you don’t end your relationship with your boyfriend.
4.3 If I went to school, I would take the bus. a(
) I don’t go to school.
b(
) I don’t want to take the bus.
4.4 If the weather clears up, she’ll go cycling. a(
) She can’t go cycling.
b(
) Her decision depends on the weather conditions.
4.5 If Carlos practiced more often, he would improve his guitar skills.
5 21
a(
) Carlos doesn’t practice frequently.
b(
) Carlos hates practicing on weekends.
Global English is a very popular term used nowadays. Listen to the testimonials of four people talking about their experiences with it. Then answer T (true) or F (false).
a
Shaun regrets that he doesn’t speak Polish.
b
People in India aren’t using their own dialects very much.
c
English is not necessary for Nassim to find a good job or attend a university.
d
Victor speaks Spanish with his family only.
e
Satiko wants to be a businesswoman, so speaking English is not important to her.
Unit 9
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SKILLS WORK
Reading Open Your Mind
Read the text and write Yes or No.
a
There are examples that illustrate important ideas in the text. (
)
Na sua opinião, um mundo sem fronteiras tem aspectos apenas positivos?
Você acredita que a globalização é responsável por mudanças nos países?
Você acha que os povos em geral estão modificando ou conservando seus costumes e valores?
b The author mentions some negative aspects of cultural globalization. (
c
)
There’s no connection between technology and globalization. (
)
22
What is
Cultural Globalization? Only 20 years ago, traveling to another country often meant radically different clothing styles, dance, music, types of food and ways of looking at the world. Cultural globalization, usually defined as the “rapid traversing of ideas, attitude and values across national borders,” is changing the way we interact with the rest of the world, and the way we interpret our own cultures. What is cultural globalization? Cultural globalization is breaking down barriers by exposing people in even the most remote locations to the same news and culture at the same time. This happens through mass media and communication technologies such as the internet, social networking sites, cell phones and cable TV. And while people are exposed to international news and culture, they’re learning about foreign ideas, traditions and lifestyles. The result is increased GLOSSARY awareness and cross-cultural interaction. awareness consciência Is cultural globalization always good? Some people borders fronteiras don’t think so. They say it puts local culture at risk. breaking down barriers quebrando barreiras But many people like the idea of increased cultural clothing styles estilos de roupa globalization. What about you? What do you think? mass media meios de comunicação de massa Based on <www.wisegeek.com>. values valores Accessed on March 20, 2011.
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1
Read the text carefully and answer the following questions.
a
What is the definition of cultural globalization?
b How is globalization breaking down barriers across cultures? c
What kinds of communication technologies does the text refer to?
d What is one negative aspect of cultural globalization that the text refers to?
2
In which paragraph can you find the information below?
a
(
) examples of communication technologies
b (
) the effects of being exposed to international news and culture
c
) what travel to a different culture used to mean
(
d (
) a negative aspect of cultural globalization
e
(
) a definition of cultural globalization
f
(
) the result of learning about foreign ideas
Writing Are You For or Against Globalization? Write sentences about the advantages and disadvantages of globalization. Use the prompts below. For globalization increase / interaction / among / people / world / create / new / social / economic / technological / perspectives / fast / dissemination / information Globalization increases the interaction
Against globalization
cause / destruction / cultural identities / change / eating habits / influence / people / choices / clothes / music / entertainment Globalization can cause the destruction
Unit 9
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STOP AND CHECK 5 (Units 9 & 10) 1
Fill in the gaps with the correct forms of the verbs in the box. have
a
If I
invest
leave (neg.)
pay
quit
more money, I would invest it on education for all the children in the
world.
b If you lend me some money, I c
you back tomorrow.
Unless Thomas
this job, he will have an anxiety attack.
d You won’t catch the train if you e
If countries
home right now.
more money in education, more of the poor would have a
better chance at success.
2
Read these statements written by young people. Then write the name that completes each sentence correctly.
“If I had super powers, I would eliminate pollution from the Earth, everybody would ride bikes and companies that pollute the rivers and oceans would pay high fines.” (Daniel)
“If I have enough time and money this year, I will travel to Africa. As a doctor, I think I can do something for the people there.” (Matt)
“If I were a celebrity, I would take advantage of my fame to support humanitarian issues. I think that some celebs could do much more than have their pictures taken for the cover of magazines.” (Samantha) “My sister hates the violence and traffic of big cities. If she buys the house at the beach, she will move there immediately. I think she’s right. If I had enough money, I would do that too.” (Anna)
a
is conscious of his professional responsibility.
b
wants to live a peaceful and safe life at the beach.
c
thinks that famous people can do much more for society than ordinary ones.
d
would probably enjoy working for an environmental NGO.
e
works a lot, so he doesn’t have too much time off. He doesn’t earn enough money to travel to other countries either.
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3
Choose the alternative that best completes each sentence.
3.1 Mark, you don’t fight with your brother, a(
) will you
b(
) do you
? c(
) are you
3.2 Tracy and her sister don’t have acne, a(
) does she
b(
) do they
? c(
3.3 Dan can do all this job by himself, a(
) doesn’t he
b(
) can’t he
? c(
3.4 If we hurry up, we will arrive on time, a(
) won’t you
b(
) will we
) will they ) can’t Dan ?
c(
) won’t we
3.5 I’m doing the right thing by talking to my friends about this, a(
4
) aren’t I
b(
) am not I
c(
?
) am I
Write questions for the answers. The first one is done for you.
a What will you do if it rains next weekend? I will read a book or watch some TV if it rains next weekend.
b If I met Bono Vox, I would ask him how he became interested in the problems of Africa.
c Yes, Martin would throw a birthday party if he didn’t have a broken leg.
d Yes. If I were you, I would call my mother immediately and apologize for what I did.
Project Planetary Magazine Are you aware of what’s going on all around the planet? 1
Work in pairs. Do some research about events that are happening around the world. You can choose a topic related to economics, politics, weather changes, entertainment, education, culture or any other.
2
Find up-to-date news about these events in magazines or on the internet.
3
Write an article about it. Start by writing the headline. Then write a short paragraph to report the news. You can also use a picture to illustrate your article.
4
Give a copy of your article to the teacher. He/She can create a class magazine with all the articles.
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TRACK
PAGE
TRACK LIST
1
CONTENT Introduction
2
6
Unit 1
➤
Starter – Ex. 1
3
11
Unit 1
➤
Listening – Ex. 4
4
12
Unit 1
➤
Reading
5
14
Unit 2
➤
Starter – Ex. 1
6
19
Unit 2
➤
Listening – Ex. 5
7
20
Unit 2
➤
Reading
8
24
Unit 3
➤
Starter – Ex. 1
9
29
Unit 3
➤
Listening – Ex. 5
10
32
Unit 4
➤
Starter – Ex. 1
11
37
Unit 4
➤
Listening – Ex. 4
12
38
Unit 4
➤
Reading
13
42
Unit 5
➤
Starter – Ex. 1
14
47
Unit 5
➤
Listening – Ex. 5
15
48
Unit 5
➤
Reading
16
50
Unit 6
➤
Starter – Ex. 1
17
55
Unit 6
➤
Listening – Ex. 4
18
60
Unit 7
➤
Starter – Ex. 1
19
65
Unit 7
➤
Listening – Ex. 6
20
73
Unit 8
➤
Listening – Ex. 5
21
83
Unit 9
➤
Listening – Ex. 5
22
84
Unit 9
➤
Reading
23
86
Unit 10
➤
Starter – Ex. 1
24
91
Unit 10
➤
Listening – Ex. 5
25
92
Unit 10
➤
Reading
26
96
Unit 11
➤
Starter – Ex. 1
27
101
Unit 11
➤
Listening – Ex. 4
28
102
Unit 11
➤
Reading
29
104
Unit 12
➤
Starter – Ex. 1
30
109
Unit 12
➤
Listening – Ex. 4
31
110
Unit 12
➤
Reading
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Unit 9 1
Use if to put these sentences together, as the one in the example.
a
Sebastian needs to study harder. He can’t pass his exams without studying.
If Sebastian doesn’t study harder, he won’t pass his exa ms. b Chris and Martha should get here in 10 minutes. I may call them if they don’t. c
I want Paul to invite me to the prom. But I can go with someone else.
d I need you to tell me the truth now. If not, I won’t trust you ever again. e
Make sentences with the cues given in the second conditional form. The first one is done for you.
a
I / open the window / it / be terribly noisy
If I opened the window, it would be terribly noisy. b Stephanie / leave food on the table / the cat / eat it c
They / spend the day in the country / they / take a lot of pictures
WORKBOOK
2
Jeremy and Taylor should come to dinner. If not, Mom prefers not to invite them again.
d My parents / come to see me / I / convince them to stay for Christmas
3
Answer. What would you do if…
a
… you didn’t have any friends at all?
b … you got into a university in another city? c
… someone stole your bike?
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4
Read and number the quotations. Write 1 if you think the person is in favor of globalization. Write 2 if you think the person is against globalization.
“Globalization, as defined by rich people like us, is a very nice thing... You are talking about the Internet, you are talking about cell phones, you are talking about computers. This doesn’t affect two-thirds of the people of the world.” Jimmy Carter
WORKBOOK
(39th US President, from 1977 to 1981)
“This is a very exciting time in the world of information. It’s not just that the personal computer has come along as a great tool. The whole pace of business is moving faster. Globalization is forcing companies to do things in new ways.” Bill Gates (American entrepreneur and founder of Microsoft)
“People have accused me of being in favor of globalization. This is equivalent to accusing me of being in favor of the sun rising in the morning.” Clare Short (British Labour Party politician)
GLOSSARY
pace ritmo tool ferramenta Extracted from <http://thinkexist.com>. Accessed on April 20, 2011.
two-thirds of the people of the world dois terços da população mundial
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Would like, Have to, Want to (Unit Articles: A, An, The (Unit 3) 2) Would like Would like + noun: Would you like some soup? Would like + verb: Would you like to drink something now?
Have to You have to stop at red lights. My sister doesn’t have to help me with my homework every day. Do your kids have to sleep early on weekdays?
Want to My daughter wants to be a designer.
Barb and Mike don’t want to have breakfast this morning.
1
Make offers like the ones in the examples.
a
Offer your friend Jeff some juice.
Would you like some juice, Jeff? b Offer to help your dad wash his car.
Would you like me to help you wash your car, Dad? c
Offer your Aunt Margie some ice cream.
d Offer to carry your neighbor’s shopping bags.
2
e
Offer to make your grandmother some coffee.
f
Offer the classmate next to you some help with his or her homework.
GRAMMAR REFERENCE
Do you want to buy this pair of shoes?
Fill in the sentences with have to, has to, don’t have to or doesn’t have to.
a
There’s plenty of time. You
b In England, people c
My dad
d You e
Jenny is late for class. She
run. drive on the left. book a table. I’ve already booked one. spend money on an expensive present for me. leave in ten minutes or
she’ll miss class today. 139
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The phenomenon of rock and roll that took the world by storm had a particularly strong impact on London. The Beatles spent a lot of time recording in the city, and The Rolling Stones started there too. Soon new bands made their debut in the city: Cream, The Who, The Kinks and The Yardbirds were all based in London for many years. During the 1970s and 1980s, musicians such as David Bowie, Elvis Costello and Cat Stevens also made their fame and fortune in London. Other famous bands like Wham!,The Clash, Fleetwood Mac, Iron Maiden, Led Zeppelin,The Police and The Sex Pistols derived their sound from the streets and people of London.
BASS PLAYER
CYMBALS
DRUMMER
TOM
BASS GUITAR
BASS DRUM
Queen was a London rock band influenced by progressive rock and heavy metal. The A Night at the Opera album (1975) is the most expensive album ever recorded. The Bohemian Rhapsody was the first promotional video ever created.
They are the highest selling band in the history of popular music. Their album Please Please Me released in 1963 remained on the UK charts for 39 weeks.
In 1983 they released their first number 1 album in the UK: War. The song â&#x20AC;&#x153;Sunday Bloody Sundayâ&#x20AC;? addressed the problems in Northern Ireland. This song was a call for peace.
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HIGH HAT STAND
GUITARIST
ELECTRIC GUITAR
This dual rock concert was held on July 13, 1985. It was organized by musician Bob Geldof to raise money to help people from Ethiopia. The London concert was held at Wembley Stadium and 72,000 people attended. Simultaneously, the Philadelphia concert was held at the John F. Kennedy Stadium and more than 100,000 people attended. On this day, 1.9 billion people around the world were watching the live concerts. During the broadcasts viewers were donating money to the cause.
This is an alternative rock band that hit the charts in 2000 with their single “Yellow”. They won the Brit Awards six times and were voted the best British group three times. Coldplay supports several social and political causes. They have also played in charity concerts like Live 8, Band Aid 20, Hope for Haiti Now: A Global Benefit for Earthquake Relief.
This was a girl group from London formed in 1994. They represented “Girl Power” to a music scene dominated by boy bands. They are one of the biggest cultural icons of the 1990s.
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GLOSSARY
A
absorb absorver accept aceitar accidentally acidentalmente accuse acusar acrostic acróstico act atuar adulthood vida adulta advertisement anúncio affairs assuntos afraid of com medo de, com receio de afterwards depois disso, posteriormente against contra agent agente agriculture agricultura ahead à frente aim visar air conditioner ar-condicionado allegory alegoria allow permitir although embora amusing divertido(a) ancient antigo(a) anniversary aniversário announce anunciar anonymous anônimo(a) ant formiga anxiety ansiedade any longer mais anymore não mais apart à parte appealing atraente apply for candidatar-se appointment consulta approve aprovar artistic gymnastics ginástica artística ash cinza assembly assembleia at least pelo menos at once imediatamente at your disposal à disposição attend frequentar attractive atraente avoid evitar aware ciente (de algo), consciente awful péssimo(a)
B
back costas background origem, passado back pain dor nas costas backyard quintal bad luck má sorte balanced balanceado(a) bar barra; bar be in touch with estar em contato com be so hard on ser exigente com (alguém ou algo) beat derrotar beauty beleza behavior comportamento behind atrás de belief crença believe acreditar beloved amado(a) benefit benefício besides além de beyond além (dos limites) bladed com lâmina blend combinação, mistura blizzard nevasca block bloquear; bloco bloom florescer blurring mistura boat barco boost aumento booth cabine border fronteira boring chato(a) boss chefe, patrão(oa) both ambos(as) bother incomodar bottled up sufocado(a) break up romper, terminar (um relacionamento) breathe respirar breeding criação (de gado) bridge ponte bright brilhante, iluminado(a) bring down derrubar, derrotar brisk enérgico(a), rápido(a) build construir burn queimar business negócio by ao lado by the way a propósito
C
cage jaula can lata canal canal cancel cancelar capture capturar cardboard paper papel-cartão carry out realizar cast elenco cattle gado celebrity (celeb) celebridade central west centro-oeste challenging desafiador(a) chamomile camomila characteristic característica charming charmoso(a), atraente check verificar, checar chest peito chill out relaxar chubby gorducho(a) church igreja clearly claramente coach treinador(a) coast costa coastline costa, litoral cobblestone paralelepípedo cocoa cacau cold resfriado college faculdade colonized colonizado(a) committee comitê communication comunicação compassion compaixão concept conceito conclude concluir congressman deputado consider considerar contact entrar em contato, fazer contato contemplate contemplar contract contrato convenience conveniência conversation conversa convince convencer cookbook livro de receitas cool off acalmar-se costume fantasia, vestimenta cough tossir cover capa crack up exaltar, elogiar crash bater
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Past
Past Participle
Translation
be
was/were
been
ser; estar
become
became
become
tornar-se, passar a ser
begin
began
begun
comeรงar, iniciar
break
broke
broken
quebrar
bring
brought
brought
trazer
build
built
built
construir, formar
burn
burned/burnt
burned (Am.)/burnt (Br.)
queimar
buy
bought
bought
comprar
catch
caught
caught
pegar, apanhar
choose
chose
chosen
escolher, selecionar
come
came
come
vir
cost
cost
cost
custar
cut
cut
cut
cortar
deal
dealt
dealt
lidar com
do
did
done
fazer
drink
drank
drunk
beber
drive
drove
driven
dirigir
eat
ate
eaten
comer
fall
fell
fallen
cair
feed
fed
fed
alimentar(-se)
feel
felt
felt
sentir(-se)
fight
fought
fought
lutar, brigar
find
found
found
encontrar, achar
fly
flew
flown
voar
forget
forgot
forgotten
esquecer
get
got
gotten (Am.)/got (Br.)
obter, conseguir
give
gave
given
dar
go
went
gone
ir
grow
grew
grown
crescer; cultivar
have
had
had
ter
hear
heard
heard
ouvir, escutar
hold
held
held
segurar; manter; oferecer
keep
kept
kept
manter; ficar
know
knew
known
saber; conhecer
lead
led
led
levar, conduzir
learn
learned/learnt
learned (Am.)/learnt (Br.)
aprender
leave
left
left
ir embora, sair; deixar
IRREGULAR VERBS LIST
Infinitive
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