May 2019 Outcrop by The Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists

OUTCROP Newsletter of the Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists

Volume 68

No. 5

May 2019

RMAG/DWLS

Fall Symposium October 22, 2019

Call 4 Papers The Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists and the Denver Well Logging Society are teaming up again to present the 2019 Fall Symposium on October 22, 2019 at the Sheraton Denver West!

MULTISCALE IMAGING FOR RESERVOIR OPTIMIZATION

The technical program will be organized topically and will attempt to provide cross-disciplinary collaboration between our two societies. We welcome abstracts in the following categories: Imaging at nano, micro, and macro scales, Image analysis, 2-D and 3-D, Quantitative SEM imaging data and links to petrophysical measurements, Modeling properties: capabilities and limitations, Applications to reservoir characterization, conventional reservoirs, Applications to reservoir characterization, unconventional reservoirs, Applications to optimizing completions and production, including EOR, Dynamic imaging, and Future Directions We are especially interested in recent multidisciplinary reservoir studies, new interpretations of image analysis linked to production optimization and understanding, new play concepts and prospects based on application of image analysis and petrophysics, and new insights into conventional and unconventional petroleum systems in US basins. We welcome abstracts for the technical talks with a minimum of 500 words and up to a page. Send your abstract in today and join us for Multiscale Imaging for Reservoir Optimization, 2019!

Deadline extended! Abstracts due May 8, 2019 Authors of accepted abstracts have the option to submit a 4-10 page technical paper, with slides for course publication Send papers to: Katerina Yared kyared@sm-energy.com OUTCROP Vol. 68, No. | 2May | www.rmag.org 2019

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Vol. OUTCROP 68, No. 5 | | www.rmag.org February 2019

OUTCROP The Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists

1999 Broadway • Suite 730 • Denver, CO 80202 • 303-573-8621 The Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists (RMAG) is a nonprofit organization whose purposes are to promote interest in geology and allied sciences and their practical application, to foster scientific research and to encourage fellowship and cooperation among its members. The Outcrop is a monthly publication of the RMAG.

2019 OFFICERS AND BOARD OF DIRECTORS PRESIDENT

2st VICE PRESIDENT-ELECT

Tom Sperr tsperr@bayless-cos.com

Dan Bassett dbassett@sm-energy.com

RMAG STAFF EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR

Barbara Kuzmic bkuzmic@rmag.org

PRESIDENT-ELECT

TREASURER

Jane Estes-Jackson janeestesjackson@gmail.com

Eryn Bergin eryn.bergin@aec-denver.com

1st VICE PRESIDENT

TREASURER-ELECT

Heather LaReau heatherthegeologist@gmail.com

Chris Eisinger chris.eisinger@state.co.us

Kira Timm kira.k.timm@gmail.com

1st VICE PRESIDENT-ELECT

SECRETARY

Ben Burke bburke@hpres.com

Anna Phelps aphelps@sm-energy.com

Courtney Beck Courtney.Beck@halliburton.com

2nd VICE PRESIDENT

COUNSELOR

Sophie Berglund sberglund@raisaenergy.com

Donna Anderson danderso@rmi.net

Kathy Mitchell-Garton kmitchellgarton@rmag.org CO-EDITORS

Jesse Melick jesse.melick@bpx.com MEMBERSHIP ENGAGEMENT SPECIALIST

Debby Watkins dwatkins@rmag.org

ADVERTISING INFORMATION

Rates and sizes can be found on page 38. Advertising rates apply to either black and white or color ads. Submit color ads in RGB color to be compatible with web format. Borders are recommended for advertisements that comprise less than one half page. Digital files must be PC compatible submitted in png, jpg, tif, pdf or eps formats at a minimum of 300 dpi. If you have any questions, please call the RMAG office at 303-573-8621. Ad copy, signed contract and payment must be received before advertising insertion. Contact the RMAG office for details. DEADLINES: Ad submissions are the 1st of every month for the following month’s publication. The Outcrop is a monthly publication of the Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists

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PROJECTS SPECIALIST

3 3

DESIGN/LAYOUT

Nate Silva nate@nate-silva.com

WEDNESDAY NOON LUNCHEON RESERVATIONS

RMAG Office: 303-573-8621 Fax: 888-389-4090 staff@rmag.org or www.rmag.org

Outcrop | May 2019 OUTCROP

Save the dates for these great trips! June 15, 2019

May 11, 2019

Dinosaur Ridge/Morrison NH Museum

Northern Front Range

Location: Morrison, CO Trip Limit 25 - Family Trip

Location: Front Range, CO Trip Limit 20

June 22-23, 2019

June 21-23, 2019

Fish Fossil Collecting

Green River Basin Trip

Location: Kemmerer, WY Trip Limit 16

Location: Rock Springs, WY Trip Limit 15 - Optional Fly Fishing 6/24!

July 13, 2019

August 17, 2019

RMNP Glacial Geology Hike

Pennsylvanian Fossil Trip

October 12, 2019

October 14-18, 2019

Hygiene Sandstone

Permian Basin Trip Location: El Paso,TX & Carlsbad, NM

Location: Estes Park, CO Trip Limit 12

Location: McCoy, CO Trip Limit 30 - Family Trip

Location: Boulder, CO Trip Limit 20

Trip Limit 20

Trip details, when available, pricing and registration information at:

www.rmag.org.

email: staï¬&#x20AC;@rmag.org

OUTCROP | May 2019

1999 Broadway, Ste. 730, Denver, CO, 80202

fax: 888.389.4090

web: www.rmag.org

Vol. 68, No. 5 | www.rmag.org

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OUTCROP Newsletter of the Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists

CONTENTS FEATURES

ASSOCIATION NEWS

18 Lead Story: Petroleum In War: Roughnecks Of Sherwood Forest

4 On The Rocks Field Trips 2019 6 2019 RMAG Summit Sponsorship 11 RMAG Summit Sponsors

DEPARTMENTS

13 RMAG Geo Train to San Antonio

2 RMAG/DWLS Fall Symposium, Call For Papers

15 RMAG May Short Course

12 RMAG April 2019 Board of Directors Meeting 14 President’s Letter 27 In The Pipeline 28 RMAG Luncheon programs: Bob Raynolds

17 RMAG Golf Tournament 26 New RMAG Website to Launch May 14 29 RMAG July Short Course 31 2019 Outcrop Cover Photo Competition

30 RMAG Luncheon programs: Jeffrey Aldrich

34 RMAG Foundation Presents Senior Division Awards For Excellence In Earth Sciences

36 Cartoon: Geology Is Life

40 Calendar

COVER PHOTO Peekaboo Slot Canyon in Grand Staircase – Escalante National Monument, Utah Photo by Terri Olson.

38 Welcome New RMAG Members! 38 Outcrop Advertising Rates 40 Advertiser Index

Vol. 68, No. 5 | www.rmag.org

OUTCROP | May 2019

Vol. 68, No. 5 | www.rmag.org

The Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists 1999 Broadway, Suite 730, Denver, CO, 80202 phone: 303.573.8621 | fax: 888.389.4090| email: staff@rmag.org

November 6, 2018 Dear Partners, 2018 was a very successful year at Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists. Our 2018 Summit Sponsors made it possible for us to host 37 separate educational and technical events, and 4 social events, in addition to assisting with overall operations. We simply cannot thank you enough! All of us here at RMAG are very excited for the 2019 Summit Sponsorship program, and we think you will be too. Program levels, benefits and pricing are remaining the same as 2018, but with one attractive addition, website advertising. RMAG has purchased new association management software (AMS) and a custom designed website. The new website will have a “click to open” advertiser’s page. 2019 Summit Sponsors, at all levels, will have ads placed on the advertiser’s page in addition to their monthly ads in The Outcrop. Platinum and Gold level Summit Sponsors will have the added benefit of publishing articles on the advertiser’s page. The advertiser’s page was modeled in part by the AAPG Explorer website, where companies can present their work to the public. Another Summit Sponsor website benefit will be company logos continually scrolling on the home page. Summit Sponsorship also includes no-cost training and social activities. These benefits are to use as you wish, for staff, vendors or guests. RMAG provides some of the highest quality, and industry relevant trainings in the country. We also like to have fun while networking with our annual golf tournament, and various other social activities throughout the year. If you company hasn’t previously been an RMAG Summit Sponsor, or it has been awhile since you were, please consider becoming a Summit Sponsor! RMAG maintains a membership base of 1800 throughout the year, the largest membership base of any geological-based association in the Rocky Mountain region, assuring your company broad exposure. Again, a sincere thank you to everyone who has supported RMAG throughout 2018! We are looking forward to our continued partnership and making new partners in 2019. Please contact me directly at bkuzmic@rmag.org , or 303-573-8621 x 2, if your or your company have any questions. Best Regards,

Barbara Kuzmic Executive Director Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists

Vol. 68, No. 5 | www.rmag.org

OUTCROP | May 2019

2019 RMAG Summit Sponsorship Platinum, Gold, Silver Sponsorship Level Contribution Level

Platinum

Gold

Silver

$10,000

$5,000

$2,500

$9,500 for returning 2018 sponsors

$4,500 for returning 2018 sponsors

RMAG Website Benefits

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Large Logo & Link 4 Articles & 4 Large Ads

Medium Logo 2 Articles & 2 Medium Ads

The Outcrop (receive benefits for 12 issues, monthly online publication)*

ü Full page ad

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Company logo listed as a 2019 annual sponsor in the Outcrop

üLarge Logo

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Company logo looping in PowerPoint presentation

Company logo placed on 2019 Summit Sponsor signage at all monthly luncheons

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Opportunity to offer RMAG approved promotional items at luncheons

Company logo on 2019 Summit Sponsorship Website Page Articles & Ads on Special Advertiser's Website Page

4 Small Ads

Publications

Monthly Luncheons

2019 Continuing Education Event Tickets - Choice of 2 Events Platinum

Gold

Silver

Please choose two events and indicate your selections below. Each box counts as one event.

4 Core Workshop Tickets

2 Core Workshop Tickets

2 Short Course Tickets

1 Short Course Ticket

2 Fall Symposium Tickets (without Hot Plays Core Workshop)

1 Fall Symposium Ticket (without Hot Plays Core Workshop)

2 Fall Symposium Tickets - including Hot Plays Core Workshop (counts as two selections)

1 Fall Symposium Ticket - including Hot Plays Core Workshop (counts as two selections)

2 half price Tickets to the Fall Symposium and Hot Plays Core Workshop

* 12 months of Outcrop Advertising: Company logos and advertising information must be received no later than the 20th of the month in which you register to receive 12 total months. If received after the 20th of the month, advertising will start in the month following the month after you register, and you will receive 11 total months (e.g., ads received March 25th will appear in the May issue). All logos and advertising information must be received no later than March 31, 2019 to be included on Summit Sponsor signage. Previous Summit Sponsors only need to submit advertising information.

OUTCROP | May 2019

Vol. 68, No. 5 | www.rmag.org

2019 RMAG Summit Sponsorship Platinum, Gold, Silver RMAG 2019 Events

Platinum

Gold

Silver

Additional Tickets

Purchase additional 1/2 Price Continuing Education Event Tickets

ü3 total tickets for any

event; excludes Fall Symposium and Hot Plays Core Workshop

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event; excludes Fall Symposium and Hot Plays Core Workshop

No half price tickets at this level

RMAG Luncheons

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Event Tickets

2019

Golf Tournament

Sporting Clay Tournament

Rockbusters Bash

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OUTCROP | May 2019

2019 RMAG Summit Sponsorship All sponsor benefit event tickets must meet RMAG event registration deadlines. All benefits end 12 months after registration. Discount to returning 2018 Summit Sponsors for 2019 Summit Sponsors only.

RMAG 2019 Summit Sponsorship Opportunities Platinum Sponsor Gold Sponsor Silver Sponsor

Specify type of payment on signed form, and send form and logo to staff@rmag.org. No benefits will be provided without payment. Company: Company Representative: Address: City/State/Zip: Phone:

Email:

Payment by Credit Card Select a card: Amex M/C VISA Discover Name as it appears on Credit Card:____________________________________________________ Credit Card #: Exp. Date: _________________ Security #: Signature: Payment by Check Mail checks payable to RMAG: Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists (RMAG) 1999 Broadway, Suite 730 Denver, CO, 80202

RMAG events are subject to change. Cancellation or rescheduling of events does not give sponsor right to refund. Summit Sponsors will receive benefits at any new events added into the RMAG schedule for 2019.

Thank you for your generous support!

email: staff@rmag.org

phone: 303.573.8621

OUTCROP | MaySte. 2019 1999 Broadway, 730, Denver, CO, 80202

fax: 888.389.4090 web: www.rmag.org Vol. 68, No. 5 | www.rmag.org follow: @rmagdenver

Vol. 68, No. 5 | www.rmag.org

OUTCROP | May 2019

RMAG APRIL 2019 BOARD OF DIRECTORS MEETING By Anna Phelps, Secretary aphelps@sm-energy.com

reading material for you to enjoy! The Publications Committee is excited about the new scope for the Mountain Geologist and welcomes your submissions on topics in the Rocky Mountain Region and extending beyond into the Permian Basin, Northern British Columbia, the Great Plains, and the Mid-Continent. The On the Rocks Committee has been very busy planning field trips for this summer that were just announced in a RMAG email to the membership. Keep an eye on the RMAG website for registration. The registration will fill up fast and you don’t want to miss your opportunity to collect fossil fish in Kemmerer, WY or go on a glacial geology hike in Rocky Mountain National Park, among many other great trips! The Educational Outreach Committee reported that Chair Danielle Ebnother has turned over the chairpersonship to committee member Sarah Edwards. Thanks, Danielle, for all your hard work as Chair of the committee! I must admit, I lapsed on my geological reading this month as I spent more time enjoying the spring weather and the increasingly long days. In lieu of interesting geological news, I leave you with a fun geology joke: why wasn’t the geologist hungry? They’d lost their apatite. Cringe-worthy, I know. Thanks for humoring me team, I love being a member of this group of geologists, you’re gneiss, tuff, and a little bit wacke. Enjoy Spring!

Greetings fellow rock lovers! Field season is almost upon us. Dust off those field books, sharpen those rock hammers, clean up those hand lenses and get ready for a summer packed with RMAG fieldtrips and opportunities to get your hands on some outcrops! The April meeting of the RMAG Board of Directors was held on April 17, 2019 at 4:00 PM. All board members except Sophie Berglund were present. Director Barbara Kuzmic reported that membership is 1,570, up 56 people from last month. Publication sales were relatively flat in March. Registration for the May Golf Tournament is open, so don’t forget to register if you want to show off your golf skills at this fun social event. Treasurer Eryn Bergin reported that the accounts look good. Operating expenses continued to be a little high in March due to the office move, but they are expected to go back to normal soon. The Continuing Education Committee is working on a great line-up of short courses and luncheons for the summer so keep an eye out for those announcements and registrations. The Membership Committee is growing and working on several events for the membership and the Mentorship Program. The Publications Committee has a new Special Publication that should be published in the upcoming month. The Mountain Geologist expects to publish an issue in the next month as well. There will be lots of summer

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OUTCROP | May 2019

Vol. 68, No. 5 | www.rmag.org

2ND ANNUAL RMAG

Geo Train to AAPG ACE Fort Worth to San Antonio MAY • 18 • 2019 $75 per person | one-way

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OUTCROP | May 2019

PRESIDENT’S LETTER By Tom Sperr

Winter is Coming? deal of circumstantial evidence that the Roman Warm Period’s temperatures were in the range of today’s temperatures. The recorded length of growing seasons from the Roman period in Greece are very similar to those of today. Many Alpine passes were open yearround allowing communication with Europe north of Italy. These passes were often closed during colder periods of history. There is evidence of Roman aged mining at altitudes in the Alps that are still permanently frozen. Colder weather returned to Europe around 400 AD. Glaciers advanced in Switzerland. Africa became more arid and the breadbasket of Rome in the provinces of northern Africa and Egypt was gradually lost. The population of Europe declined due to famine, plague and warfare. A return to warmer weather began about 1000 AD and lasted until about 1200 AD. Glaciers retreated around the world. Tree-line in the Alps was higher than in the 20th century. Vineyards in Europe were

Climate change is in the news every day and there is no doubt that global temperatures have been rising. But to what period should we compare our current climate? What can history tell us about temperature fluctuations prior to the industrial period? The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change compares today’s temperatures to an average of the period from 1850 through 1900. The year 1850 is right at the end of the Little Ice Age, a particularly cold period within the last 2000 years. Is some of the rise in temperature due to a recovery from this cold? What would today’s temperatures be without human intervention in the atmosphere rather than climate forcing from an increase of CO2? With that in mind, I would like to reflect on the temperature fluctuations we have experienced in historic time. The Romans experienced a period of warm, benign weather from about 250 BC until about 400 AD. While we don’t have true temperature data to compare to our current temperatures, there is a great

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Formation Evaluation • Petra® Projects Reserve Reports • Drilling Engineering • Well Plans

Bill Donovan

Geologist • Petroleum Engineer • PE

(720) 351-7470 donovan@petroleum-eng.com www.petroleum-eng.com

OUTCROP | May 2019

Vol. 68, No. 5 | www.rmag.org

RMAG May Short Course The Lucia Method of Carbonate Reservoir Characterization Date: May 22, 2019 Location: 1999 Broadway Presenter: David M. Orchard Abstract: Methods developed by Floyd J. (Jerry) Lucia provide a direct link between rock fabrics and the petrophysical behavior of carbonate reservoir rocks. They are based on core, petrographic and logbased approaches to modeling depositional and diagenetic facies, porosity, permeability, and water saturation versus reservoir height functions in oil reservoirs. They effectively deal with the infamous complexity of carbonate rock properties, and they are applicable to both “quick look” evaluations and detailed reservoir models. They have been widely applied to reservoir studies in the Permian Basin and other carbonate systems. This one-day course will use lectures and spreadsheet exercises to train attendees in the theory and application of the methods. Mr. Lucia has provided his lecture and exercise materials for use in this seminar, and new case studies will be introduced by the instructor.

Register at www.rmag.org Price: $225/members $250 non-members email: staﬀ@rmag.org phone: 303.573.8621 Vol. 68, No. 5 | www.rmag.org 1999 Broadway, Suite 730, Denver, CO, 80202

fax: 888.389.4090 web:| www.rmag.org OUTCROP May 2019 follow: @rmagdenver

President’s Letter

Solid Performance. Fluid Thinking.

303-398-0302 | info@gwogco.com | www.gwogco.com

OUTCROP | May 2019

brought the coldest period of the Little Ice age. Glaciers advanced in the Alps, destroying medieval villages and damming streams that subsequently burst forth as destructive floods. Alpine glaciers continued to advance in places until the 1850’s. Since the 1850’s we have seen the retreat of glaciers. Growing seasons in the northern hemisphere have lengthened and vineyards are returning to northern areas that had previously produced. And now that we have thermometers, we have hard data to document the rise in global temperature. Perhaps our return to warmer temperatures is not as alarming as some would have us believe. Should we expect that we are living in a time of stable global temperatures? History would suggest we might not.

established into northern England and Germany beyond the range of current production. The population of Europe rebounded. The Little Ice Age started around 1200 AD around Greenland and the Arctic. It is thought that average temperatures were from 1.5°C to 2.0°C colder than present. Viking voyages to North America and Greenland were

prevented by sea ice and colonies were lost in Vinland and Greenland. Viking farms on the western coast of Greenland are only now thawing out of the permafrost. These farms tell a particularly sad story of crop failure and starvation as the climate cooled and the ice advanced. By the 1300’s, colder, unpredictable weather had spread to England and Europe bringing famine. The late 1600’s

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Global Warming of 1.5°C: IPCC Special Report. Accessed 4/20/19. https://www.ipcc. ch/sr15/ Fagan, Brian, 2001. The Little Ice Age: How Climate Made History 1300-1850. New York: Basic Books. Parker, Geoffrey, 2013. Global Crisis: War, Climate Change and Catastrophe in the Seventeenth Century. New Haven: Yale University Press. Berhringer, Wolfgang, 2009. A Cultural History of Climate. Malden, MA: Polity Press.

Vol. 68, No. 5 | www.rmag.org

MAY

RMAG 2019

GOLF TOURNAMENT

Member team $600 Non-member team $700 //////////// Member individual $150 Non-member individual $175 //////////// ✓ Teams of 4 and individuals welcome to register ✓

Includes club entry, 18 holes of golf, cart, dinner and chance to win prizes!

A RROWHEAD G OLF C LUB 1:30pm shotgun email: staff@rmag.org

phone: 303.573.8621

Vol. 68, No. 5 | www.rmag.org

1999 Broadway, Suite 730, Denver, CO 80202

fax: 888.389.4090

web: www.rmag.org

OUTCROP | May 2019

follow: @rmagdenver

When U.S. oil tanker Pennsylvania Sun was torpedoed by U-571 on July, 15, 1942, about 125 miles west of Key West, Florida. Britainâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s oil reserves were 2 million barrels below safety reserves. Photo courtesy of the Library of Congress. OUTCROP | May 2019

Vol. 68, No. 5 | www.rmag.org

LEAD STORY

Petroleum In War: Roughnecks Of Sherwood Forest Bruce A. Wells American Oil & Gas Historical Society, aoghs.org

As the United Kingdom fought for its survival during World War II, a team of American oil drillers, derrickhands, roustabouts, and motormen secretly boarded the converted troopship HMS Queen Elizabeth in March 1943. Once their story was revealed years later, they would become known as the Roughnecks of Sherwood Forest.

Vol. 68, No. 5 | www.rmag.org

prosecution of the war,” noted two historians who extensively researched archives in Great Britain and the United States. Guy Woodward and Grace Steele Woodward published The Secret of Sherwood Forest – Oil Production in England During World War II in 1973. “The amazing and hitherto untold story, born in secrecy, has remained buried in the private diaries, corporate files and official records of government agencies,” explain the Woodwards in their book. “In the final analysis, oil was indeed the key to victory of the Allies over the

By the summer of 1942, the situation was desperate. The future of Great Britain – and the outcome of World War II – depended on petroleum supplies. By the end of that year, demand for 100-octane fuel would grow to more than 150,000 barrels of oil every day – and German U-boats ruled the Atlantic. In August 1942, British Secretary of Petroleum, Geoffrey Lloyd called an emergency meeting of the Oil Control Board to assess the “impending crisis in oil.” This is the story of the “little-known, or at least seldom recognized, all-important role oil and oilmen played in the

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OUTCROP | May 2019

LEAD STORY

A photograph of the 42 volunteers from Noble Drilling and Fain-Porter Drilling companies taken before they secretly embarked for the United Kingdom on March 12, 1943, aboard HMS Queen Elizabeth, which had been converted into a troop transport ship. Photo courtesy of the Guy Woodward Collection, American Heritage Center, University of Wyoming. Trinidad and America and were subjected to relentless Nazi submarine attacks. Many at the Oil Control Board meeting were surprised to learn England had a productive oilfield of its own, first discovered in 1939 by D’Arcy Exploration. The D’Arcy company was a subsidiary of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company, founded in 1908, a predecessor to British Petroleum, BP. This obscure oilfield was in Sherwood Forest, near Eakring and Dukes Wood. It produced modestly from 50 shallow wells. Extreme shortages of drilling equipment and personnel kept Britain from further exploiting the field. Perhaps America might help. Following the meeting – and under great secrecy – CAP (later Sir Philip) Southwell, a D’Arcy representative, was sent to the Petroleum Administration for War (PAW) in Washington, D.C. Southwell’s secret mission was to secure American assistance in expanding production from the Eakring field, regarded as an “unsinkable tanker.” Pressing his case in America, Southwell pursued the widely respected independent oilman Lloyd Noble, president of Tulsa-based Noble Drilling Corporation. They met in Noble’s hometown of Ardmore, to negotiate a deal.

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Axis powers,” the authors conclude. Today, two identical bronze statues separated by the Atlantic Ocean commemorate the achievements of World War II American roughnecks. The first seven-foot statue, first erected near the village of Eakring in Dukes Wood, today stands in Nottinghamshire, England. Its twin greets visitors at Memorial Square in Ardmore, Oklahoma. These oil patch warriors, separated by more than 2,400 miles, commemorate Americans who produced oil during a critical time of the war. They drilled in Sherwood Forest.

THE UNITED KINGDOM: AN UNSINKABLE TANKER

The once top-secret story begins in August 1942, when Britain’s wartime secretary of petroleum, Geoffrey Lloyd, called an emergency meeting of the country’s Oil Control Board. U-boat attacks and the bombing of dockside storage facilities had brought the British Admiralty 2 million barrels below its minimum safety reserves. The oil supply outlook was bleak. Meanwhile, German Field Marshal Erwin Rommel’s rampaging North African campaign threatened England’s access to Middle East oilfield sources. England’s principal fuel supplies came by convoy from

OUTCROP | May 2019

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Vol. 68, No. 5 | www.rmag.org

LEAD STORY

Dedicated in 2001, an Oil Patch Warrior stands in Ardmore, Oklahoma. The bronze statue is an exact duplicate of one erected 10 years earlier near Nottinghamshire, England. Photos courtesy of the Dukes Wood Oil Museum.

Noble Drilling Corporation financed a May 1991 trip for 14 survivors of the original crew to return to Duke’s Wood in Sherwood Forest. Photo courtesy of the Dukes Wood Oil Museum.

American oil companies were already heavily committed to wartime production. Noble nonetheless joined with Fain-Porter Drilling Company of Oklahoma City on a one-year contract to drill 100 new wells in the Eakring field. Noble and Fain-Porter volunteered to execute the contract for cost and expenses only. PAW approved their deal and the contract was signed in early February 1943. On March 12, a team of 42 newly recruited drillers, derrickhands, motormen, and other roughnecks embarked on the troopship HMS Queen Elizabeth. Four drilling rigs for “The English Project” would be transported to England on four different ships. Although one ship was lost to a German submarine, another rig was subsequently shipped safely.

Vol. 68, No. 5 | www.rmag.org

TOP SECRET DRILLING

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The American oilmen joined project managers Eugene Rosser and Don Walker at billets prepared in an Anglican monastery at historic KelhamHall, near Eakring. The sudden influx of Americans from Oklahoma was rumored to be for making a movie, probably a western. It was said that John Wayne would soon arrive. Within a month, sufficient equipment had arrived to enable spudding the first well. Two others quickly followed. Four crews worked 12-hour tours with “National 50” rigs equipped with 87-foot jackknife masts. The roughnecks amazed their British counterparts

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OUTCROP | May 2019

LEAD STORY

A Republic P-47 in Italy is fueled in this February 1945 photograph “passed for publication” by Allied field press censors. Photo courtesy of the Library of Congress.

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American volunteer derrickhand Herman Douthit fell to his death. Photo detail from the Guy Woodward Collection, American Heritage Center, University of Wyoming.

with their drilling speed. Using innovative methods, the Americans drilled an average of one well per week in Dukes Wood, while the British took at least five weeks per well. The British crews made it a practice to change bits at 30-foot intervals. The Americans kept using the same bit as long as it was “making hole.” By August, the Yanks of Sherwood Forest had completed 36 new wells, despite the challenges of wartime rationing of fuel, food, and other shortages. By January of 1944, the American oilmen were credited with 94 completions and 76 producing oil wells. But not without cost. While working Rig No. 148, derrickhand Herman Douthit was killed when he fell from a drilling mast. Douthit was buried with full military honors at the Cambridge American Cemetery. The English Project contract was completed in March 1944 with the Americans logging 106 completions and 94 producers. England’s oil production had shot from 300 barrels of oil a day to more than 3,000 barrels of oil a day.

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OUTCROP | May 2019

Vol. 68, No. 5 | www.rmag.org

LEAD STORY

“Ninety-four wells produced high quality oil, an amazing achievement,” the BBC would later note. Photo courtesy of the Library of Congress.

Surprised and intrigued by the story it told, Spellerjoined with members of the International Society of Energy Advocates, Noble Drilling Company employees, and others who believed that the singular accomplishment of this handful of Americans should be remembered. Artist Jay O’Meilia was chosen to create a bronze tribute to these men. O’Meilia, born in 1927 in Tulsa, Oklahoma, where he resides today, was inducted into the Oklahoma Hall of Fame in 1999. Interviewed for this article, he recalled that the statue’s designed quickly evolved. “The notion of an ‘oil patch warrior’ soon developed…at parade rest with a roughneck’s best weapon – a Stillson wrench – instead of a rifle,” he said. O’Meilia also remembered how authenticity was critical, down to period gloves and hard hat. “They even sent me a pair of original overalls so I would get it exactly right,” he explained in an interview with AOGHS. Those who look very closely will see the telltale impression of a pack of cigarettes in the oil patch warrior’s pocket. “Lucky Strike,” O’Meilia explained with a laugh, because” Lucky Strike Green Has Gone to War!” was a advertising campaign at the time.

»»CONTINUED FROM PAGE 22

Without fanfare, the roughnecks returned to the United States and the families they had left a year before. Their mission and success remained secret until November 1944, when the Chicago Daily Tribune ran a story, “England’s Oil Boom,” on a back page. Few took notice at the time.

HONORING OKLAHOMA ROUGHNECKS

By the end of the war, more than 3.5 million barrels of crude had been pumped from England’s “unsinkable tanker” oilfields. Petroleum industry expertise would again come into action – solving the challenge of oil pipelines across the English Channel – read about the operation in PLUTO, Secret Pipelines of WW II. British Petroleum continued to produce oil from Dukes Wood until the field’s depletion in 1965. The story remained largely unknown until the 1973 University of Oklahoma Press publication of The Secret of Sherwood Forest – Oil production in England during World War II by Guy and Grace Woodward. Then, Tony Speller, a member of Parliament, in 1989 visited Tulsa for a speaking engagement. He was given a copy of the book.

Vol. 68, No. 5 | www.rmag.org

»»CONTINUED ON PAGE 24

OUTCROP | May 2019

LEAD STORY

U-Boat attacks on convoys threatened to cut off England’s oil supply. In 1942, Royal Air Force ground crewmen refueled a Supermarine Spitfire Mark II. Photo courtesy Imperial War Museum.

»»CONTINUED FROM PAGE 23 STATUES DEDICATED IN 1991 AND 2001 In May 1991, Noble Drilling Corporation funded the return of 14 surviving oilmen to the dedication of O’Meilia’s seven-foot bronze Oil Patch Warrior in Sherwood Forest. Ten years after the ceremony in England, the citizens of Ardmore determined to honor veterans. They discovered that the original molds remained in O’Meilia’s Colorado foundry. “Our mission was to create a memorial park that would honor those who sacrificed their lives, those who served in the military during times of war and peace, and the oil drillers and energy industry that came to England’s rescue in World War II,” explained Jack Riley, chairman of the Memorial Square committee.

Artist Jay O´Meilia of Tulsa traveled to England for the May 1991 dedication of his Oil Patch Warrior statue. Photo courtesy of the Dukes Wood Oil Museum.

»»CONTINUED ON PAGE 25

OUTCROP | May 2019

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LEAD STORY

O’Meilia recast the Sherwood Forest Oil Patch Warrior for Ardmore from the original molds. The statue was dedicated on November 10, 2001, with representatives from Noble Oil and Fain-Porter joining veterans at the ceremony. A brick walkway through Memorial Square displays the names of Ardmore area veterans. “Memorial Square honors veterans who are responsible for the freedom we enjoy today – and the energy industry, which is responsible for the economic strength of our community,” declared Wes Stucky, president of the Ardmore Development Authority. Time has taken away many of those on both sides of the Atlantic who struggled to preserve democracy. Fortunately, in these two imposing bronze Oil

Patch Warriors, separated by an ocean of history, the story of the roughnecks of Sherwood Forest can always be remembered.

»»CONTINUED FROM PAGE 24

Editor’s Note – Visit the Dukes Wood Oil Museum in Nottinghamshire. The museum moved to Kelham Hall but kept its Dukes Wood name. England’s bronze statue also relocated to Rufford Country Park. Adam Sieminski of Washington, D.C., who visited the Sherwood Forest statue in 2005, provided AOGHS with photos and donated a copy of The Secret of Sherwood Forest Oil Production in England During World War II. He also encouraged sponsorship of the society’s participation in a twoday “rock oil tour” to Titusville, Pennsylvania. See the “Energy Economists Rock Oil Tour” of August 2009.

New RMAG Website to Launch May 14 members and others will be able to purchase publications, and other merchandise as it becomes available. In the next couple of weeks, please pay close attention to email you receive from RMAG. We will be sending you important information about your membership login, and other website updates. There will be approximately 48 hours where there will be no access to the RMAG site during the transition. Rest assured, we will have everything up and going as soon as possible. The time frame will be the following: • Launch - Tuesday 14th • Site will be in transition (Limited Access) Tuesday 14th - Wednesday 15th. • Thursday 16th - Send out Membership login Credential emails

The long awaited custom RMAG website is set to launch May 14th! We couldn’t be more excited and hope you all will be too. The website was specifically designed for RMAG by Accrisoft Freedom. No other organization will have our format or same design! The website will provide RMAG members and other site visitors alike a content rich experience, with an easily navigable format and effortless event registration. Every page of the site will allow the user to access all information about RMAG membership, events, stories, and articles. In addition, members will have full access to their previous event registrations, membership renewals, and purchases on the individual member’s account page. Our new website will feature articles, stories, and of course access to The Outcrop and Mountain Geologist. In the RMAG Store,

Are you following us on Twitter?

OUTCROP | May 2019

Vol. 68, No. 5 | www.rmag.org

IN THE PIPELINE MAY 1, 2019

MAY 14-15, 2019

MAY 22, 2019

RMAG Luncheon. Speaker Bob Raynolds. “Stratigraphic controls on hydrocarbon systems in Colorado.” Maggiano’s Downtown Denver.

DUG Rockies. Colorado Convention Center. conferences@hartenergy.com

RMAG Short Course

MAY 17, 2019

DPC Summer BBQ. 5PM at the Denver Petroleum Club.

MAY 2, 2019 Young Professionals in Energy Happy Hour. 5PM at the Viewhouse. MAY 7, 2019 PTTC Rockies Short Course. Instructor: Peter Galusky. “Optimizing Energy System Economics and Operations: A First Course.” CSM, Golden, CO. MAY 8, 2019

Oilfield Helping Hands Rockies Clay Shoot.

MAY 23, 2019

MAY 29, 2019

MAY 18, 2019 RMAG Geo Train. Fort Worth to San Antonio.

RMAG Golf Tournament. Arrowhead Golf Club. Shotgun at 1:30, Littleton, CO.

MAY 21, 2019

MAY 30, 2019

DWLS Luncheon. “Unconventional core analysis - What do we do “right”, what do we “misinterpret”, and the importance of reference frame (PVTXt).” Wynkoop Brewing Company, Denver, CO.

Young Professionals in Energy- Comprehensive Energy Presentation. Speaker: Doug Sandridge. Email: samuael.evasick@ nblenergy.com

WEN Leadership Series. RSVP Link: http://bit.ly/ WENCOEvents MAY 9, 2019 3rd Annual DJ Basin Midstream Exposition. Riverside Library in Evans, CO. Contact: dbordelon@enerplus.com GPA Midstream Rocky Mountain Chapter Happy Hour. 4:30 at Rock Bottom Brewery, Denver, CO. DPC Speaker Series. Email: info@ denverpetroleumclub.com MAY 10, 2019 DIPS Luncheon. Members $20 and Non-members $25. For more information or to RSVP via email to kurt.reisser@ gmail.com.

Vol. 68, No. 5 | www.rmag.org

OUTCROP | May 2019

RMAG LUNCHEON PROGRAMS Speaker: Bob Raynolds | May 1, 2019

Stratigraphic Controls On Hydrocarbon Systems In Colorado By Bob Raynolds

BOB RAYNOLDS obtained his PhD at Dartmouth College working on the Siwalik sediments of Pakistan. He has taught University, worked forÂ the USGS, Exxon and Amoco, and is Adjunct at Colorado School of Mines and Stony Brook University. His current research interests are the Turkana Basin of Kenya, the Denver

OUTCROP | May 2019

our State being tied to this interval. Older hydrocarbon systems are in the Ancestral Rockies basins (such as the Eagle and Paradox basins) and in the Paleozoic shelf margin strata. Some hydrocarbon systems have been breached and exist today only as stained vestiges of former reservoirs, there are examples in the Paleozoic Eagle Basin and Mesozoic Front Range strata. This presentation will use new digital stratigraphic charts and resource compilations to illustrate regional patterns that apply to Colorado as well as to adjacent states. Recognizing genetic patterns and processes controlling facies distribution patterns encourage the use of exploration models that start with evaluation of rock volume and organic concentration leading to play prioritization.

The geology of Colorado can be considered in 8 chapters characterized by common themes of erosion, deposition, and lithofacies distribution. An analysis of these chapters from the standpoint of source rock distribution and organic material concentration allows us to characterize stratigraphic factors controlling the distribution and occurrence of oil, gas, and coal in Colorado. As we break Coloradoâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s stratigraphic record into a series of depositional episodes (deposodes per Galloway), is becomes evident that broad patterns of subsidence and sediment supply have controlled the distribution of source, reservoir and seal rocks through time. The principal hydrocarbon engine is in the Cretaceous Interior Seaway with the majority of hydrocarbons that have been produced from

Basin, and the use of paleogeographic reconstructions to understand and predict facies distribution patterns. KATHY ROBINSON: Before becoming a geologist and educator, Kathy worked as a research analyst in the energy industry, focusing on operational and developing power, gas, and coal infrastructure in

North America. She earned her B.S. in Applied Geology from Metropolitan State University of Denver, and she holds a college teaching certificate and M.S. in Geology from University of Colorado Boulder where she specialized in thermochronology method development. She is currently early in her career as a college instructor of geoscience.

Vol. 68, No. 5 | www.rmag.org

RMAG July Short Course Unconventional Resource Assessment and Valuation (URAV) Bryce Kalynchuk, Rose & Associates Rose & Associates’ short course focuses on a staged investment approach for dealing with low permeability resource size and value characterization of candidate multi-well projects. URAV emphasizes the need to develop the participant’s competency in the use of probability, uncertainty, and aggregation to assess and develop unconventional resources. The premise for this short course is that sound estimation of key engineering, geotechnical, and economic parameters is essential for maximizing profitability. Type curves and sequential aggregation techniques are discussed. Composite mapping strengths and chance assessment guidelines for tight sands, carbonates and shales are provided. Due to uncertainty and the huge capital outlays at risk, unconventional resource characterization requires a staged, probabilistic approach conducive to more informed decision-making and portfolio management.

July 25, 2019 1999 Broadway

$250/members $275/non-members Register at www.rmag.org email: staﬀ@rmag.org

phone: 303.573.8621

Vol. 68, No. 5 | www.rmag.org

1999 Broadway, Suite 730, Denver, CO 80202

fax: 888.389.4090

web: www.rmag.org

OUTCROP | May 2019

follow: @rmagdenver

RMAG LUNCHEON PROGRAMS Speaker: Jeffrey Aldrich | June 5, 2019

‘Sweet Spot’ Identification And Optimization In Unconventional Reservoirs By Jeffrey Aldrich

JEFFREY ALDRICH is a Vice President and Senior Geoscientist with MHA Petroleum Consultants Inc. in Denver. He has over 40 years of global oil and gas experience working from frontier exploration through appraisal to large development projects. His expertise is in unconventional reservoirs, prospect evaluation, reserve determinations and multi-discipline and multi-culture team dynamics. Jeff is the primary Petroskills instructor OUTCROP | May 2019

and decreases in the quality of any one factor the “Sweet Spot” will shrink and changes must be made to what we identify as the “Fit for Purpose Operations”. This alignment of the Operations with the Reservoir can enlarge the “Sweet Spot” thus increasing the area available for development or the profitability. There are two additional considerations that are made to the baseline equation, that of the fiscal environment, of which the price of the product is usually not within the operator’s control, and the regulatory and HSE environment which must be proactively maintained. A

The term “Sweet Spot” is often used to describe the area of a play, or a license, that will produce the highest rate of return under the currently employed technology. This definition, itself, combines the disciplines of economics, completion technology and reservoir description; disciplines that traditionally have not worked seamlessly together in oil and gas fields. We define the optimum area for field development in unconventional fields as the intersection of three clear quality factors, Organic Quality (OQ), Rock Quality (RQ) and Mechanical Quality (MQ) that each are composed of several key characteristics. As the reservoir changes

»»CONTINUED ON PAGE 32

for “Evaluating and Developing Shale Reservoirs (SRE)” “Unconventional Reserve and Resource Evaluation (URRE)” and “Prospect and Play Analysis (PPA)”. Prior to joining MHA he held various management and technical positions with Dart Energy, a Australian global unconventional gas company, Greenpark Energy, a UK CBM company, PetroSA, the South African national oil company, and American companies, Forest Oil, Maxus Energy 30

and Pennzoil Oil and Gas Company. He has a B.S. Degree in Geology from Vanderbilt University and a M.S. Degree in Geology from Texas A&M University. He is an active member in the AAPG (the current VP-Sections), SPE, RMAG, DWLS, DIPS, HGS and is a Certified Petroleum Geologist (#3791) and Licensed Professional Geologist. He is author or co-author of over 30 papers and/or technical presentations.

Vol. 68, No. 5 | www.rmag.org

RMAG LUNCHEON PROGRAMS

sm-energy.com

SM ENERGY IS A PROUD SUPPORTER OF THE

Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists

»»CONTINUED FROM PAGE 30

large part of all unconventional plays, and staying in the “Sweet Spot” is correctly managing and aligning the surface issues of regulation, HSE, and fiscal environment with fit for purpose operations aligned with sub-surface heterogeneities. The model presented here is designed to keep all disciplines aligned on both a long-term commercial goal and have the ability to rapidly adapt to changes, either in the sub-surface reservoir or in various surface conditions, all which influence the size of the “Sweet Spot”.

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Vol. 68, No. 5 | www.rmag.org

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OUTCROP | May 2019

RMAG Foundation Presents Senior Division Awards For Excellence In Earth Sciences Senior Division awards for Excellence in Earth Sciences. RMAG members Anna Phelps, Laura Wray, and Dick Louden judged on behalf of the RMAG Foundation.

The RMAG Foundation participated in the Special Awards Judging at the Colorado Science and Engineering Fair in Fort Collins on April 11. The RMAG Foundation awarded three

SENIOR DIVISION

• Jenna Salvat: A Geochemical and Petrographic Analysis of Metamorphic Litholo-

gies Proximal to the CC&V Diatreme (awarded $500)

• Skylar Gale: Relationships Between Induced Seismicity and Salt Water Injection

in Oklahoma (awarded $350)

• Max Warnock: Spatial Analysis of the Glaciers in Grand Teton National Park Be-

tween 1994 and 2015 (Awarded $150)

LEFT: RMAG members (pictured left to right) Anna Phelps, Dick Louden, and Laura Wray participated in the Special Awards judging at the Colorado Science and Engineering Fair on behalf of the RMAG Foundation. RIGHT: Seventh-grader Lily Klapp describes the project she and Kelsea Hall conducted on acid mine drainage in Summit County to RMAG judges (pictured left to right) Anna Phelps, Dick Louden, and Laura Wray.

OUTCROP | May 2019

Vol. 68, No. 5 | www.rmag.org

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Vol. 68, No. 5 | www.rmag.org

OUTCROP | May 2019

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Vol. 68, No. 5 | www.rmag.org

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OUTCROP | May 2019

WELCOME NEW RMAG MEMBERS!

lives in Arvada, Colorado.

Elena Finley

lives in Conifer, Colorado.

is a student and lives in Bellvue, Colorado.

works at Coal Creek Resources, Inc. in Denver, Colorado.

is a Geoscience Manager at Halcon Resources, Inc. in Broomfield, Colorado.

is an Associate Professor of Geology at Metropolitan State University of Denver in Denver, Colorado.

Kimberley Carr

Nathan Whitman

Jessica Treanton

Caleb Garbus

is a Geologist at Integrated Petroleum Technologies in Golden, Colorado.

Sara Peyton

Chantel Maybach

is a Sales Manager at Columbine Logging and lives in Parker, Colorado.

Uwe Kackstaetter

Call for Papers RMAG and DWLS are gearing up for our annual Fall Symposium. The Call for Papers has been posted! The theme is “Multiscale Imaging for Reservoir Optimization.”

Click here for more information and to find out how to submit your paper.

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CALENDAR SUNDAY

MONDAY

TUESDAY

WEDNESDAY

1 RMAG Luncheon.

7 PTTC Rockies Short Course.

8 WEN Leadership Series.

21 DWLS Luncheon.

22 RMAG Short Course.

29 RMAG Golf Tournament.

OUTCROP | May 2019

FRIDAY

SATURDAY

Young Professionals in Energy Happy Hour.

9 DJ Basin Midstream Exposition.

DIPS Luncheon.

GPA Midstream Rocky Mountain Chapter Happy Hour. DPC Speaker Series.

DUG Rockies.

THURSDAY

17 Oilfield Helping Hands Rockies Clay Shoot.

18 RMAG Geo Train.

DPC Summer BBQ.

Young Professionals in EnergyComprehensive Energy Presentation.

Vol. 68, No. 5 | www.rmag.org