OUTCROP Newsletter of the Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists
Volume 63 • No. 7 • July 2014
Vol. 63, No.7
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July 2014
OUTCROP
The Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists 910 16th Street • Suite 1214 • Denver, CO 80202 • 303-573-8621 The Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists (RMAG) is a nonprofit organization whose purposes are to promote interest in geology and allied sciences and their practical application, to foster scientific research and to encourage fellowship and cooperation among its members. The Outcrop is a monthly publication of the RMAG.
2014 Officers and Board of Directors RMAG Staff
Executive Director Carrie Veatch, MA cveatch@rmag.org Membership & Events Manager Hannah Rogers hrogers@rmag.org Projects Specialist Emily Tompkins etompkins@rmag.org
President – Matt Silverman MSilverman@bayless-cos.com
Treasurer – Reed Johnson rdjohnson@resoluteenergy.com
President-Elect – Marv Brittenham, brittmh@aol.com
Treasurer Elect – Paul Lillis plillis@usgs.gov
1st Vice-President – Michael Dolan mdolan@digforenergy.com
Counselor (2 Year) – Laura L. Wray laura.wray@wpxenergy.com
2nd Vice-President – Michelle Bishop mbishop@indra.com
Counselor (1 Year) – Terri Olson Terri_Olson@eogresources.com
Secretary – Nick Nelson nnelson@samson.com
Accountant Carol Dalton cdalton@rmag.org
Managing Editor
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RMAG May Board of Directors Meeting By Nick Nelson, Secretary (nnelson@samson.com) This month’s board meeting was held on May 21st, 2014. The meeting started off on a good note with the financials for the month. So far for the year things are continuing to look good, with several events already behind us the overall numbers we are seeing are typical for this time of year. The income we have now allows the organization to fund the latter half of the year when the overall number of events drops and we need the capital to keep everything going at full speed. Something exciting happened this month, something that has not happened for quite some time. The board moved a significant sum of money into the long-term savings account, this is an account that has helped the organization in leaner times. The RMAG Golf Tournament was just before the board meeting this month, but the preliminary numbers show that is was a great success again this year. The registrations were sold out and we had a good amount of corporate sponsorship again this year. Regrettably I was not able to attend the golf tournament, but the word on the street is that the event was filled with some incredible golf as well as some geologic shenanigans. When this issue reaches your eyes we will be just a few weeks from the RMS-AAPG meeting in Denver, and the various committees continue to plan at a feverish
pace. Booth space was filling up and registrations were increasing by the day. If you have not yet registered at this point, be sure to go to the RMAG website and click on the link to the registration page. The agenda is on the website as well, and I can tell you that I continue to find talks that peak my interest. Be sure during the convention when you see your favorite board member wandering the convention center to stop and say hello and give them your feedback on any of the events or publications that we put together. Now it is time to finish reading this issue of the Outcrop and get outside and enjoy the wonderful Colorado weather and don’t forget to put on some sunscreen.
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Vol. 63, No.7
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July 2014
OUTCROP Newsletter of the Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists
CONTENTS Features
7 RMS/AAPG Cracking The Source Highlights 11 2015 AAPG ACE in Denver 16 Lead Story: Toward an Understanding of Denver's Mountain Front Structure – An "On-the-Rocks" Field Trip Led by Ned Sterne 28 Mineral of the Month: July
Association News 12 Early Alert-RMAG Publication: Oil & Gas Fields of Colorado 13 The Outcrop Needs YOU! 14 Save the Date! 21 2014 RMAG Dues Renewal 23 RMAG Monthly Luncheon Sponsor Commitment Form 24 Thank You to 2013 Foundation Donors
26 Submit a Manuscript to The Mountain Geologist 30`Thank you! To all 2014 golf sponsors 34 The Beautiful Vail Valley: A Classroom in Geologic Hazards and Mitigation 35 Connect with RMAG Online! 37 RMAG 2014 Summit Sponsors
Departments
4 RMAG May Board 6 25 29 36 38 38
of Directors Meeting President's Column In the Pipeline RMAG Luncheon Programs New Members Advertisers Index Calendar of Events
COVER PHOTO Pennsylvanian Honaker Trail Formation overlying the Paradox Formation (4 members) on the Raplee Anticline, San Juan River, Utah. Photo by Chris Carroll.
Volume 63 • No. 7 • July 2014
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President’s Column By Matt Silverman
Frequently Asked Questions Enough about Fracking! Let’s do some FAQing. Here are a few questions about RMAG that I have been asked frequently:
The decision to go digital saves RMAG about $70,000 in printing and mailing expenses per year. This amounts to over 10% of our annual budget. (Petroleum Information used to print and mail the Outcrop for us gratis, but they quit doing so many years ago.) If you would like to have a printed version of either publication, please stop by the RMAG office and the staff would be more than happy to print one for you.
Q. Why aren’t the Outcrop and The Mountain Geologist published on paper anymore?
A. As our Treasurer, Reed Johnson, described in a previous issue of the Outcrop, the decision was made in 2011 to discontinue printing the Outcrop and The Mountain Geologist in subsequent years due to escalating printing/mailing costs. This was a painful decision, but one that ultimately had to be made for the financial security of the organization. All members were given the option to subscribe to print copies, but response to this was very limited.
Q. Why do the Wednesday luncheons cost $30 (or why do the walk-ins cost $10)?
A. The prices are directly related to our cost from the Marriott, and we don’t have other viable choices for a luncheon venue. We actually charge less for the luncheons than our cost. We’ve looked, believe me, and their prices are competitive for an adequate, reliable downtown Denver location. It is also in the best interest of RMAG to continue to hold luncheons at a hotel venue (albeit more expensive), so that we are able to book our larger events such as symposiums. Generally hotels will not book a one day event if you do not have repeat business with them. I know some members are unhappy about the costs, but we lose money on most of the luncheons as it is. Only the best-attended of our luncheons break even or make money. I don’t think a price reduction would be balanced by increased attendance.
LOCATION we’ll lease it, permit it, gather it and sell it
Continued on page 8 »
your ideas - we make them happen LEASING - PERMITTING - DAMAGES - ROW
303-279-0789 Vol. 63, No.7
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July 2014
Rocky Mountain Section—AAPG Annual Meeting July 20-22, 2014 in Denver, CO at the Colorado Convention Center
Visit www.aapgrms.org/2014 to register! The RMS-AAPG Annual Meeting Highlights:
Two full days of technical presentations — Everything You Wanted to Know About Source Rocks I and II — Advanced Technologies for Visualization and Completion — New Structural Investigations: Rockies and Beyond — Stratigraphy of Rocky Mountain Basins and Beyond — Petrophysical Techniques for Core and Log Analysis — Reservoir Characterization Blending Conventional and Emerging Technologies
Teacher’s Program at Dinosaur Ridge
All-Convention Luncheon: Robert D. Jarrett, Ph.D., “Colorado’s Extraordinary Flooding in 2013”
Two Core Poster Sessions
Three Short Courses — Beyond Porosity: Petrophysics for Geologists — Source Rocks 101 — Heath Core Workshop
A Night at the Denver Museum of Nature & Science, July 21st
Four Field Trips — Unconventional Reservoirs and Stratigraphy of the Southern Denver Basin: Graneros, Green horn, Carlile, and Niobrara Formations — The Eagle Basin: An Over-mature Hydrocarbon-rich Paleozoic Basin Hiding in Plain Sight Amidst the Laramide Rockies — Student and YP trip: Ancestral Rockies to the Western Interior Seaway: Geology and Petroleum Implications of the Morrison, CO Area
— Permian Depositional Systems, Cycles, and Petroleum Geology Along the Northern CO Front Range
Social and Networking Events OUTCROP
For more information, visit: www.aapgrms.org/2014 7
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President's Column Continued from page 6
Q. How are we doing on membership?
A. We’re doing well and trying to grow. We have about 1,900 members now. Our records are incomplete but that’s essentially identical to the number 10 years ago, in 2004. We recently formed a Membership Committee, now chaired by Stephanie Gaswirth, which is actively engaged in the Three Rs of membership: Recruitment, Relevance and Retention.
Q. How about a printed membership directory?
A. The RMAG website of fers a searchable membership directory that you can update and access free, 24/7. Its functionality is limited now but we are in the process of upgrading it to include lots more demographic, professional and contact information. We have recently added the ability to add the school you attended, degree earned, date of birth, year you joined RMAG and name of your spouse, if applicable. Stay tuned.
Q. Are we raising money from sources other than dues?
A. Our biggest sources of income are: 1. Summit Sponsorship 2. The 3D Seismic Symposium 3. AAPG meetings in Denver, like the Rocky Mountain Section meeting later this month (be sure to register at www.aapgrms.org/2014) 4. Membership dues
Experience yIntegrity yProfessionalism
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Q. Why doesn’t RMAG offer a lifetime membership option?
A. A few smaller local societies but none of the international groups like AAPG do this. It would require a multiple of the annual dues of about 10x to make this work. We’ve looked into it several times in the past but have steered away for two reasons. 1. As our accountant, Carol Dalton, explained to me, since we use the Continued on page 10 »
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President's Column Continued from page 8
Inner Strength. At WPX Energy, we’re driven by our desire to be excellent operators. We’re recognized as an industry leader by regulators, the community and our peers. We take pride in doing things right – recycling water and running rigs on natural gas to help protect air quality. Our natural strength comes from our can-do attitude. We ,+1&+2 ))6 Ɯ+! 4 60 1, * (" ,2/ 20&+"00 0 #"/Ǿ 01/,+$"/ +! *,/" "ƛ& &"+1ǽ We’re WPX.
855.979.2012 | www.wpxenergy.com
Q. Why didn’t I get a membership renewal notice?
A. Dunno. We sent one by first class mail last year and the year before to everyone who was a member in 2012 or 2013 for whom we had an address. Then we followed up several times by email in 2013 and 2014 to everyone with a lapsed membership but for whom we had an email address. Please check the online membership directory to make sure your contact info is up-todate, or call the office: 303-573-8621. We want to stay in touch.
Q. How do I ask another question?
© 2013 WPX Energy
Vol. 63, No.7
accrual accounting system, one year of the lifetime dues payment would be recorded as revenue and the balance would be carried on the balance sheet as a liability. This would have to be tracked very closely, and every following year we would move one year of dues from the balance sheet to the P&L statement as dues revenue. The extra labor aside, the real problem comes in (ironically) if this is popular and many members purchase a lifetime membership. Then we have an influx of money the first year and for 9 years after we show revenue but we don’t have the cash because we collected it and most likely spent it the first year or two. This could negatively impact cash flow for many years to come. And, of course, after that, lifetime members are paying nothing. 2. Current dues are $41. An informal survey of large employers indicates that most will pay annual dues for their employees, but not $400 multiyear memberships. I think a lot of independents and consultants feel the same way. What do you think?
A. Please email me at president@ rmag.org. I would be very happy to respond. »
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July 2014
2015 AAPG ACE in Denver By John Robinson
AAPG’s Annual Convention and Exhibition (ACE) WOLFCAMP & BONE SPRING PROJECT is coming to Denver May 31 to June 3, 2015, and will Unlocking the Potential of the Permian Delaware Basin be held in conjunction with SEPM at the Colorado Convention Center. This is the big one and we are Canadian Discovery Ltd. and partners are proposing a expecting a huge turnout for technical sessions, field fully-integrated reservoir characterization study in the Delaware trips, short courses, luncheons and social activities. Basin of West Texas that will include: Denver, as you might expect, is a very popular destination for this meeting. » Geology » Subsurface pressure setting So far, the organizing committee consists of 54 » Geochemistry committee members representing all of the elements » Reservoir characteristics that make up the convention. This number does not include additional volunteers who will review abstracts, run short courses, field trips and teacher programs, Contact Cheryl Wright to Pre-Subscribe* judge speakers, and shepherd dozens of student cwright@canadiandiscovery.com | 403.269.3644 www.canadiandiscovery.com volunteers. Canadian We have three outstanding individuals at the top of Discovery Ltd. *Six primary sponsors are required to proceed with study. our organization chart. Jim Emme is the General Vice In Partnership with: Chair for the meeting and has responsibility for the GDGC Judges, Teacher Program, Guests, Volunteers, Exhibits and Sponsorship. No small task. He is Executive Vice President North America for Endeavour International Corporation. Donna Anderson, who splits her time as a Geological Advisor at EOG Resources in Denver and as a Research Associate Professor at Colorado School of Mines in Golden, is the Technical Program Chair. The Technical Program “drives the meeting” as you might suspect, and Donna is driving the Theme Chairs to deliver the most relevant new research and applied science to Premier geonavigation/geosteering services attendees. Robert Cluff, President of The since 1995 Discovery Group Inc. in Denver, is the SEPM Program Chair. SEPM members have historically delivered 40% of the Maximize Target Penetration technical program, field trips and short Maximize Production courses to this meeting. Avoid Costly Redrills Next month we will provide more information on the content of the meeting Themes (there are 10) and the Senior geosteering staff on call 24/7 to keep individuals who are responsible for each you in-zone and respond to structural theme. In subsequent articles, we will stratigraphic changes www.horizontalsi.com cover, among other topics, Field Trips, Short Courses, Teacher Programs, and more. The Call for Abstracts is now open Denver, Colorado Carrollton, Texas at AAPG.org. Be the first to submit your KC Oren 303.249.9965 972.416.1626 paper. » GRAHAM DAVIES
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Vol. 63, No.7
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July 2014
The Outcrop Needs YOU! We need articles and photos for the Outcrop! Have you attended a great lecture or read an interesting new geology or energy book? Have you attended a class or gone on a field trip that would interest the membership? Have you learned a new technique or found some great public domain software? Share your research so we can grow together. We are looking for articles about the new water laws, basin modeling on the “cheap,� new geologic trails or programs, legislative concerns, new technology. Please be sure to include a phone number and make sure our emails are whitelisted. We have had a few submissions that we wished to run but we could not reach the submitters by email and had no other contact information.
Send in your article or photo today!
Please submit your ideas or articles and photos to: Kristine Peterson k.peterson@laramidegeo.com
Greg Guyer Greg.Guyer@halliburton.com
Holly Sell holly.sell@yahoo.com
Cheryl Whitney cwhitney@alumni.nmt.edu
OUTCROP
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Vol. 63, No.7
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July 2014
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OUTCROP
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LEAD STORY Toward an Understanding of Denver’s Mountain Front Structure – An "On-the-Rocks" Field Trip Led by Ned Sterne By Connie Knight
Continued on page 17 »
Vol. 63, No.7
Stop 7 Ralston Buttes - Coal Creek Stop 6 Ralston Reservoir
Stop 5 North Golden Stops 3&4 Mt Zion & CSM
Stop 1 Wooly Mammoth P&R
RMAG On The Rocks Field Trip 5-24-14 Stop Index
Stop 2 Turkey Creek
Stop Index
Ned Sterne received an overwhelming “two thumbs up” from those RMAG members who participated in the May 24, 2014 “On the Rocks” field trip. Ned did an outstanding job of integrating: past geologic work; subsurface information, including well-log and seismic data; and detailed recent surface investigations. We wholeheartedly thank both Ned and Ron Pritchett for organizing and handling the field-trip logistics for this amazing trip. You both did a great job. In the words of veteran geologist Duane Moredock: “The trip was possibly the best 'one man leader' field trips that I have ever attended. Ned sure did a great job providing the data and explaining his conclusions with the rocks right in front of you.” In the words of younger geologist Ian Hogan: “The trip was awesome! Are all the On the Rocks trips that good?” Ned introduced the participants to “classic” and “evolved” triangle fault-zone terminologies. He talked about the kinematic development of evolved triangle zones and demonstrated the significance of recognizing stacked triangle zones in the rock record. An index of the field trip stops is shown as Figure 1. Of particular interest
Figure 1: Index map of the field trip stops. Due to weather concerns, we visited the field trip stops in reverse order (i.e. Stop 7 was our first stop.)
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July 2014
Stop 1
Lead Story was Ned’s discussion of the Golden Fault System. Over past decades, prominent geologists who have worked on the “Golden Fault,” have produced various divergent interpretations. By reviewing these older interpretations in light of new work, Ned presented his hypothesis that the Golden Fault is actually multiple faults in a stacked triangle-zone fault system. Understanding the components of triangle zones has far reaching oil and gas exploration significance. In fact, Ned was eager to show us some interesting subsurface exploration possibilities.
(Left) Ralston Buttes Stop: Using seismic data, which was procured as part of the Rocky Flats Geologic Characterization efforts, Ned presents a “stacked triangle-zone” interpretation for faulting west of the Rocky Flats facility.
Ned organizing the troops after convening at the Wooly Mammoth parking lot.
Continued on page 18 »
All photos by Duane Moredock, Ron Pritchett, and Connie Knight.
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Lead Story R
Continued from page 17
Logs Since 1971
L OG S G S LO LOGS
Our leaders Ned Sterne and Ron Pritchett at the Ralston Buttes field trip stop.
OVER 6 MILLION WELL LOGS FROM THE ARCTIC TO THE GULF OF MEXICO
MP
CA WOLF
CAR
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M
EAGLEFORD Y
LBAN NEW A Ralston Reservoir Stop: Ned Sterne’s detailed shallow interpretation of the North Ralston section.
RKS
E FO THRE
MONTNEY F AY ETT EVI
LLE
BAKKEN LE
SVIL E N Y A H
WOODFORD
IVER R N HOR DUVERN
AY
BARNETT N IOBRARA UTICA
www.mjlogs.com 1-800-310-6451 Ralston Reservoir Stop: Mel Klinger and L.J. Karr showing the discordant bedding dip angles. Mel is depicting steep bedding dips related to back thrusting. L.J. is showing overturned bedding in front of the thrust. Continued on page 20 »
Vol. 63, No.7
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July 2014
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Lead Story Continued from page 18
North Golden Stop: Tear fault in the Dakota North Golden Stop: Ned Sterne amazing North Golden Stop: Logan McMillan and Ron Parker solving structural Hogback. the troops. complexities.
Mt. Zion Stop: Group photo of enlightened geologists. North Table Mountain is in the background.
Lunch along the north bank of Clear Creek in Golden. Pictured field-trip participants are Ken Scott Phyllis Scott and Jim Price Vol. 63, No.7
Turkey Creek Stop: Upper Dakota Group stratigraphy and “J� Sandstone (including oil saturation) above the Skull Creek Shale.
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Turkey Creek Stop: Geologists examining the Turkey Creek oil seep and discussing the interrelationships of stratigraphy, structural geology, and oil occurrence. July 2014
Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists, RMAG 910 16th Street Mall, Suite 1214, Denver, CO 80202 (303) 573-8621 phone (303) 628-0546 fax www.rmag.org staff@rmag.org
2014 RMAG Dues Renewal 2014 RMAG Dues Renewal Name:____________________________________________________________________________________ Last
First
Please select one: No change in contact information Please update my contact information:
Address: __________________________________________________________________________________ City: ___________________________________ State: ______________ Zip Code: _____________________ Email address: _____________________________________________________________________________ 2014 Dues:
$41.00 (December 1, 2013 - November 30, 2014)
Other Optional Contributions: RMAG Contribution:
$_________
RMAG Foundation General Fund Contribution:
$_________
Total Contribution Payment: All contributions are tax deductible under section 501(c)(3) of the IRS.
$_________
(which supports the calendar of 2014 of RMAG events, including short courses, symposia, social events, monthly luncheons, and more)
(which helps support the following: Norman H. Foster Scholarship, University of Colorado (Bolyard) Scholarship, Colorado School of Mines (CSM) Scholarship, Colorado State University (CSU) Scholarship, Veterans Memorial Scholarship, Stone/Hollberg Graduate Scholarship in Structural Geology, Philip J. McKenna Scholarship, Babcock Scholarship)
Please return this form with payment: Payments may be made by check (payable to RMAG) or credit card (please either fill out the enclosed credit card authorization form or go to www.rmag.org to pay online). Easy steps to update your membership online: 1. Go to RMAG website at www.rmag.org 2. Click on MEMBERSHIP 3. Under MEMBERSHIP, click on Member Log In 4. Under the Member Login box, click where it says “Forgot your information? Click here” 5. Enter your current email address 6. You will then receive an email with your login information If this is unsuccessful, please contact the RMAG office at (303) 573-8621 or by email at staff@rmag.org for further assistance.
PLEASE NOTE OUR NEW SUITE NUMBER – 910 16TH STREET MALL, SUITE 1214, DENVER, CO 80202 OUTCROP
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July 2014
RMAG MONTHLY LUNCHEON—Sponsor Commitment Form Deadline: The 1st of the Prior Month (i.e. June 1st for July Luncheon) RMAG holds monthly luncheons, typically the first Wednesday of each month. The RMAG luncheon program provides a professional format for networking, cultivating local/regional activity awareness and exposure to emerging exploration and technology.
LUNCHEON SPONSOR - $500 per luncheon Please Note Preferred Month:__________________________________________ Donated funds will go toward the overall cost of the luncheon. Benefits: Company will be recognized in up to 2 emails to the RMAG membership about the luncheon, company logo in PowerPoint presentation looping prior to RMAG monthly luncheon, verbal recognition of company at the luncheon, and company logo on RMAG’s luncheon section of website
LUNCHEON POWERPOINT SPONSOR - $100 per luncheon Please Note Preferred Month:___________________________________________ Company logo in PowerPoint presentation looping prior to RMAG monthly luncheon and company logo on RMAG’s luncheon section of website
CUSTOMIZED LUNCHEON POWERPOINT SLIDE - $125 per luncheon Please Note Preferred Month:___________________________________________ Customized slide in PowerPoint presentation looping prior to RMAG monthly luncheon and company logo on RMAG’s luncheon section of website
Please make checks payable to: RMAG Mail payment and a copy of this form to: RMAG, 910 16th Street Mall, Suite 1214, Denver, CO 80202 OR Pay by credit card VISA, MASTERCARD, AMERICAN EXPRESS, DISCOVER and email this form to staff@rmag.org Card #:
Exp. Date: ______________ _
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THANK YOU TO 2013 FOUNDATION DONORS The Trustees of the RMAG Foundation wish to thank and acknowledge the generous support of the Foundation’s donors in 2013. Over $53,000 was raised for student scholarships and the general fund which supports geologic endeavors within the Rocky Mountain scientific community at large. The Foundation awarded 7 scholarships in 2013 totaling $17,500 and an additional $17,000 was awarded to these deserving organizations:
AAPG Imperial Barrel Award- Rocky Mtn Section AAPG Student Leadership Conference- Rocky Mtn Section Friends of Dinosaur Ridge- Boys and Girl Scout days Morrison Natural History Museum- Inner City School attendance PTTC Futures in Energy- Rocky Mtn Section Colorado State Science Fair winners Golden Pick Award RMAG Guidebook Mineral sets for Denver Public Schools Colorado Science Teacher of the Year
Thank You all for your continued support! Abbot, William Bailey, RV Barrett, William Bell, Richard Blajszczak, Richard Bollenbacher, John Bortz, Louis Brittenham, Marvin Broten, Jim Brown, Charles "Elmo" Butler, Arthur Charbonneau, Roger Clifford C Clark Collinson, James Conti, Louis Coskey, Robert Covey, Curtis Crouch, Jane Crouch, Marshall Cygan, Norbert Desmond, Robert & Julia Enterline, Ted Eschner, Terence Estes-Jackson, Jane
Vol. 63, No.7
Flagg Diamond corp Freedom Energy Assoc Fullerton, Tom G & H Production Co Garcia, Carlos Gibbet Hill Foundation Gomez, Ernest Gregg, Clare Grose, Thomas Harris, Sherod Hayes, Kathryn Heath, Edward Hess, Paul Irwin, Patricia Jones, Evan Kamp, Carl Knappe, Roy Kovach, Paul Kreutzfeld, James Krey, Max Larson, Scott LJ Oil, Inc Lowell, James Mark, Anson
Mason, M.Ann McKenna, Donald J McKenna, Elizabeth Meckel, Lawrence Michael, Robert Moore, Clyde Munn, James Nelson, Forrest Obernolte, Rick O'Donnell, Richard Pasternak, Ira Peterson, David Polleys, John RMAG Golf Participants Reed, Don Reid, Chase Reynolds, Mitchell Richards, Gene Roberts, Kimberly Schumacher, Dietmar Selma, Janita Shreve, Mark Sidwell, E.R. Silverman, Matthew
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Single, Erwin Skeryanc, Anthony Smith, Gregg Smith, Marlis Smith, William Sonnenberg, Stephen Spelman, Allen Stark, Charles Stark, Philip Strachan, Stephen Sturdavant, Janien Sullivan, Steven Taylor, David Warme, John Wasson, Edward Wehrle, Paul Weiner, Kane West, Valary Wexford Resources Wiley, Bruce Willette, Donna Wray, Laura
July 2014
In the Pipeline July 2, 2014 RMAG Luncheon. Speaker Christopher Laughery. “Petroleum Systems Modeling Research: Modeling Physical and Chemical Processes from Basin to NanoScale.”
September 3, 2014 RMAG Luncheon. Speaker Murray W. Hitzman, “Induced Seismicity Potential of Energy Technologies.” September 25, 2014 RMAG 2nd Annual Sporting Clay Tournament.
July 20-22, 2014 AAPG Annual Meeting-Rocky Mountain Section. Colorado Convention Center. Denver, CO. Visit www. aapgrms.org.
October 1, 2014 RMAG Luncheon. Speaker Michael Holmes, Digital Formation, Inc. “A comparasion of petrophysical analytic sequesnt to describe both conventional and unconventional reservoirs.”
July 23, 2014 Oilfield Christian Fellowship Luncheon. 303-6752602.
October 22, 2014 RMAG Pronghorn/Three Forks Core Workshop.
August 6, 2014 RMAG Luncheon. Speaker Ron Broadhead, “Overview of selected shale plays in New Mexico.”
December 10-12, 2014 NAPE Rockies. Colorado Convention Center. »
August 9, 2014 RMAG- On the Rocks Field Trip. Topic: Vail Valley Hazards. Trip Leader: Dr. Vince Matthews.
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If you have any events that you would like to post in this column, please submit via email to the RMAG office at staff@rmag.org for consideration.
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o t t ip r c s u n a M a Submit wed nline, peer-revie o y, rl e rt a u q a sts eologist is ation of Geologi ci o The Mountain G ss A in ta n u o d by the Rocky M r The Mountain fo rs o it d E journal publishe . 0 0 2 t2 culation is abou te to geology la re r o n o s since 1964. Cir cu fo that me manuscripts virons. Geologist welco in region and en ta n u o M y ck o R Geologist, please in ta n u of the U.S. o M e Th r r anuscript fo e” found unde id u G When writing a m le ty S r o th wnloadable “Au MAG website: R e th n o t” refer to the do is g eolo ording The Mountain G manuscript acc r u “Publications – yo te ri w to t and is importan r both authors fo e m www.rmag.org It ti n o si vi e to mitigate re sed in 2014. If vi re st la to this style guid s a w ” ide Executive uthor Style Gu editors. The “A inquiries to the d n se se a le p 4. uestions, ublished in 201 p s authors have q e su is to r fe aol.com or re Editor at jtpetr@ site ack Issues the RMAG web n o le Index and B b ila va a . and index is age, www.rmag p b e w A bibliography t is g lo o e G untain e The Mountain Index to The Mo d n (1964- 2009, se a y h p ra g lio ib gist, umulative B Mountain Geolo e Th , org). See also, “C p o h is B le e -2010” by Mich Geologist, 1999 o. 3, p. 59-80. n , 8 4 v. , D (The Mountain 1 V 1 D 0 2 n o le July b ila va e journal are a untain Back issues of th , no. 4; The Mo 2 2 v. , 5 8 9 1 t p gh the -2005 exce ) available throu 4 . Geologist 1964 o n , 2 2 v. , 5 8 me 010 with 19 MAG website. So R e th Geologist 2006-2 n o e lin n o 3-573-8621, or r $15. RMAG office, 30 e RMAG office fo th m o fr le b ila s are ava back print issue
»
Vol. 63, No.7
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July 2014
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MINERAL OF THE MONTH: July – Tennatite By Cheryl Whitney
Mineral Name: Tennantite Mineral Composition: (Cu12As4S13) Color: iron black Streak: gray black to iron black Luster: Metallic Crystal System: Isometric Specific Gravity: 4.6.5.1 Mohs Scale of Harness: 3-4.5 Fun fact: Tennantite has complete solid solution with Tetrahedrite, and is so similar in physical and crystal properties that they are impossible to tell apart without chemical analysis. References: Klein, Cornelis, and Cornelius Searle Hurlbut. The 22nd Edition of the Manual of Mineral Science: (after James D. Dana). New York; Toronto: J. Wiley, 2002. ...Next month a newly named mineral: darrellhenryite
The sample above was taken from the Longfellow Mine in Ouray Colorado. The mineral now resides at the Colorado School of Mines Mineral Museum. Photo Courtesy of Colorado School of Mines Mineral Museum.
Have a mineral you want to see? E-mail cwhitney@alumni.nmt.edu
Vol. 63, No.7
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RMAG Luncheon Programs
Geochemical Characterization of Post Mature Gases from Middle Devonian Marcellus Formation, Northern Appalachian Basin, USA – Insights into Deep Basin Hydrocarbon Generation, Alteration, and Productivity By C. D. Laughrey, Weatherford Laboratories, Golden, CO, July 2nd
The isotope composition of production and mud gases collected from 24 wells in the highest maturity area implies high thermal stress.
The Marcellus Formation in northeast Pennsylvania produces gas from post mature marine mudrocks. Organic matter reached the metagenetic stage of thermal evolution. Mean vitrinite reflectance increases from 2.5 percent in Bradford County to ~4.5 percent in Sullivan and Wyoming counties, before decreasing to ~3 percent adjacent to the Jack’s Mountain Anticlinorium in Luzerne County. In the most mature Marcellus samples (prehnite-pumpellyte facies), measured kerogen H/C and O/C ratios are 0.4 and 0.06, respectively. Mean illite crystallite thickness is 211 Å and the Kübler Index is 0.428. The isotope composition of production and mud gases collected from 24 wells in the highest maturity area implies high thermal stress. Production δ13C1 ranges from -28.69 to -24‰. Mud gas δ13C1 ranges from -27.3 to -21.5‰. All gases exhibit carbon isotope reversals with respect to carbon number. δ13C1 approaches, or is heavier than, δ13CKEROGEN. Production gases exhibit hydrogen isotope reversals (methane δ2H > ethane δ2H). δ13CO2 ranges from -19.7 to -10.2‰. The δ13C and δ2H isotope reversals may be interpreted in one of four ways: (1) mixing of gases from different sources, (2) a combination of mixing, Rayleigh fractionation of C2 and C3, and exchange of methane hydrogen with formation water, (3) water-reforming followed by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and (4) destruction of C2+ alkanes followed by reforming via gas-phase radical recombination reactions. Post mature Marcellus prospects are limited by thermal maturity, geologic structure, hydrocarbon residence time, and loss of organic porosity. Gas isotopes help to predict well performance. Productive wells have DONOVAN BROTHERS INCORPORATED δ13C1 ≥ δ13CKEROGEN, δ13C2-3 < Wellsite Drilling Engineering • Well Plans • Geomechanics δ13CKEROGEN, and high δ13C1-3 Formation Evaluation • Optimize Drilling Using Logs correlation. Marginal wells Bill Donovan have δ13C1 ≥ δ13CKEROGEN, Geologist • Petroleum Engineer • PE 13 13 δ C2-3 < δ CKEROGEN, and 780 E. Phillips Dr. S. • Littleton, CO 80122 variable δ13C1-3 correlation. (720) 351-7470 (voice) • (303) 794-7470 (message) Unproductive wells have donovan@petroleum-eng.com δ13C1 > δ13CKEROGEN, δ13C2 ≥ www.petroleum-eng.com δ13CKEROGEN, trace C3+, and poor δ13C1-3 correlation. Continued on page 31 »
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Thank you!
Golf Tournament To all 2014 golf sponsors. Tournament Sponsors
Hole Sponsors
Steve Kirkwood
Vol. 63, No.7
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RMAG Luncheon Programs
Continued from page 29
Induced Seismicity Potential of Energy Technologies By Murray W. Hitzman, Dept. of Geology & Geological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, September 3rd
The factor that appears to have the most direct consequence in regard to induced seismicity is the net fluid balance (total balance of fluid introduced into or removed from the subsurface).
Earthquakes attributable to human activities—“induced seismic events” —have received heightened public attention in the United States over the past several years. Upon request from the U.S. Congress and the Department of Energy, the National Research Council was asked to assemble a committee of experts to examine the scale, scope, and consequences of seismicity induced during fluid injection and withdrawal associated with geothermal energy development, oil and gas development, and carbon capture and storage (CCS). The committee’s report, publicly released in June 2012, indicates that induced seismicity associated with fluid injection or withdrawal is caused in most cases by change in pore fluid pressure and/or change in stress in the subsurface in the presence of faults with specific properties and orientations and a critical state of stress in the rocks. The factor that appears to have the most direct consequence in regard to induced seismicity is the net fluid balance (total balance of fluid introduced into or removed from the subsurface). Energy technology projects that are designed to maintain a balance between the amount of fluid being injected and withdrawn, such as most oil and gas development projects, appear to produce fewer seismic events than projects that do not maintain fluid balance. Major findings from the study include: (1) as presently implemented, the process of hydraulic fracturing for shale gas recovery does not pose a high risk for inducing felt seismic events; (2) injection for disposal of waste water derived from energy technologies does pose some risk for induced seismicity, but very few events have been documented over the past several decades relative to the large number of disposal wells in operation; and (3) CCS, due to the large net volumes of injected fluids suggested for future large-scale carbon storage projects, may have potential for inducing larger seismic events. Continued on page 32 »
Outcrop Deadlines for the Outcrop advertising is the 1st of the month, the deadline for other content is the 5th of the month. OUTCROP
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RMAG Luncheon Programs
Continued from page 31
A Comparison of Petrophysical Analytic Sequence to Describe Both Conventional and Unconventional Reservoirs. By Michael Holmes, Digital Formation, Inc., October 1st
Using the technique of Corey (1954) continuous profiles of relative and effective permeabilities to both wetting and onwetting phases can be created.
Digital Formation has developed a series of petrophysical models to analyze reservoir properties. A demonstration of how the models can be combined into a comprehensive petrophysical reservoir evaluation will be presented. In addition to standard deterministic petrophysical analysis, the method includes information from: Rock Physics Modeling Create pseudo acoustic (both compressional and shear) curves, based on Gassmann and Kreif geophysical models. The model allows for the estimate of acoustic data where no (or limited) acoustic data exists. From this modeling, mechanical properties including brittle vs. ductile distinction can be made. Reference Holmes, SPWLA 2004, SEG 2005. Relative Permeability Modeling Procedures are available to estimate profiles of irreducible water saturation, which can be compared with the actual water saturation. Reference Holmes AAPG 2009. Using the technique of Corey (1954) continuous profiles of relative and effective permeabilities to both wetting and on-wetting phases can be created. Knowing viscosities of reservoir fluids water/oil or gas/water ratios can be determined as continuous curves. Petrophysical Analysis of Unconventional Reservoirs Methods for examination of the shale intervals independently of the clean formation are considered in addition to kerogen and total organic carbon
Luncheon Reservations & Information Luncheon will be held at the Marriott City Center at California and 17th St. Please check the event listing in the lobby for the room. Check-in/walk-in registration begins at 11:30 a.m., lunch is served at 12:00 noon, and the talk begins at 12:20 p.m. The luncheon price is $30.00. To listen only to the talk, walk-in price is $10.00. If you make a reservation and do not attend the luncheon, you will be billed for the luncheon. Online registration closes at 4:00 p.m. on the Thursday before the luncheon. Cancellations are not guaranteed after that time.
Your attendance is welcomed and encouraged. Bring a guest or new member!
Vol. 63, No.7
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Call 303-573-8621, email staff@rmag.org, or register online. July 2014
RMAG Luncheon Programs (TOC) content of the reservoir which is crucial to the overall assessment of the hydrocarbon potential. Quantitative calculations of free and adsorbed hydrocarbons need to be assessed for a complete analysis. We have developed a technique to identify small to very small volumes of “free shale porosity” not associated with TOC. Reference AAPG 2010, 2011, 2013. Fracture Analysis This procedure was developed to estimate the presence of fractures – both open and healed – from standard open hole logs. Anonymously rapid rates of change are attributed to fractures. If the trend is to higher porosity, open fractures are suggested. Alternatively if the trend is to lower porosity, healed or cemented fractures are indicated. For wells with image logs, we have observed fair to good correlations with imaged identified fractures. The presentation will show how these various models can be combined with standard analytic procedures to derive a full evaluation of reservoir potential: • Porosity, fluid saturation, shale volume, permeability • In-place and recoverable hydrocarbons • Free hydrocarbons in the shale fraction • TOC and adsorbed hydrocarbons • Profiles of relative and effective permeabilities to the fluid phases • Profile of water/hydrocarbon rations
Quality Mudlogging Geologic Interpretation Wellsite Geology | Geo-Steering | Coring Supervision Serving the Williston Basin and Rocky Mountain Region Joseph H. Large President
• Brittle vs. ductile distinction Examples from unconventional oil and gas reservoirs of North America are presented. » OUTCROP
Horizontal Bakken, Mission Canyon, Red River, Dupero, Three Forks and Ratcliff formations
www.rpmconsultinginc.com 1600 Broadway, Suite 1510, Denver, CO 80202 (Office) 303 595 7625 | (Fax) 303 595 7628
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The Beautiful Vail Valley: A Classroom in Geologic Hazards and Mitigation On-the-Rocks Field Trip Led by Dr. Vince Matthews, August 9th What hazards lurk in beautiful Vail Valley? Join us on Saturday, August 9, as Dr. Vince Matthews leads us on a trip to view landslides, rockfalls, debris flows, sinkholes and avalanche hazards as well as some of the mitigation efforts that have been made to reduce risks from these hazards. Vail Valley is located in the physiographic center of the Southern Rocky Mountains in central Colorado. The town of Vail is a mountainous community nestled between the Gore Range and the Sawatch Ranges. The ground elevation along the field trip route is highest at 10,549 feet on Vail Pass, the elevation at the base of the ski resort is 8,200 feet, and the lowest elevation at the confluence of the Gore Creek and Eagle River is at
Stop 3. Whiskey Creek Landslide & Avon Sinkholes
Stop 4. Dowds Jct. Landslides
Stop 5. Meadow Mt. Landslide & Minturn Rockfall
Vol. 63, No.7
7,727 feet. There will be little walking on the trip. The valley has a variety of geological hazards that are typical of mountainous terrain. The risk of adverse impacts from landslides, rockfalls, debris flows, and avalanche hazards controls the development within Vail Valley along Gore Creek. The Town of Vail has adopted official geologic hazard maps for planning purposes. Several excellent examples of the consequences of following recommended mitigations, as well as examples of the consequences of ignoring recommended mitigations, will be pointed out on this trip. The field trip will begin on August 9 at the Vail Pass Rest Area at milepost 190 on I-70. We will begin gathering at 8:30 a.m. and the field trip will begin at 9:00
Stop 7. Booth Creek Rockfall & Debris Flow
Stop 6. Debris Fan, Avalanche, & Landslide
Stop 8. Landslides
Stop 2. Black Gore Creek Stop 1 and 9. Vail Pass Rest Area
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July 2014
The Beautiful Vail Valley
Connect with RMAG Online!
a.m. at the rest area where we will discuss the general geology of the area and the challenges of building the You can now highway. connect to From there we will go to the west end of Avon where the RMAG we will view the massive Whiskey Creek landslide and on Linkedin, talk about evaporite sinkholes in Colorado, stopping Twitter, and at some of the landslide mitigation on the way down Facebook. from Vail Pass. Dowds Junction is at the intersection of I-70 and Highway 24 (at exit 171 on I-70) where we will view landslides and rockfalls; these hazards have impacted I-70 and the interchange structures at Dowds Junction since the highway was constructed in the late 1960s. A huge landslide mass and rockfall near Dowds Junction threaten the town of Minturn. From there we will backtrack to East Vail where avalanche paths that outlet onto alluvial fans are a CONNECT WITH US ON LINKEDIN! significant hazard on the south side of I-70 and a LIKE US ON FACEBOOK! sizeable landslide north of the road continually cause problems on I-70. Our next stop will at Booth Creek FOLLOW US ON TWITTER! where erosion of steep cliffs capped by glacial till have caused rockfalls that have damaged several homes. We will get a good display of the effects of mitigation where utilized and the contrasting effects of ignoring the hazard. Our last stop is to observe cantilevering mitigation for landslides Q Traditional and Roth IRAs Q College Funding Plans that was instituted during construction Q Mutual Funds Q 401(k) and 403(b) Plans of the Interstate. And we will also Q Common and Preferred Stocks Q Wealth Management Planning discuss hazards and mitigation in Q Corporate and Municipal Bonds East Vail. We will carpool from the Vail For sound recommendations and service you can count on, Pass rest area and return there at call today. the end of the trip, hopefully more There’s Wealth in Our Approach.™ aware of Mother Nature’s power. Bring a lunch, water and sunscreen. Sign up at rmag.org under Events, Michael Slishinsky, CRPC Vice President - Financial Advisor On the Rocks Field Trips. Cost of the Office: (303) 595-1157 • Toll Free: (800) 234-3703 trip is $10 for professionals; free for michael.slishinsky@rbc.com • www.michaelslishinsky.com students and educators.»
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13-DV-1553_4.875x4.875 Create ad.indd 1
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11/19/13 11:08 AM
New Members Welcome to New RMAG Members... Lorraine Baline is a Geological Specialist at EOG Resources, Inc.
Kathryn Johnson lives in Hill City SD. Peter Kondrat is a Senior Geologist at DJ Simmons.
Eric Barton lives in Golden CO. Adrian Berr y works at Anadarko Petroleum.
Karl Languirand is an Environmental Services Manager at Materials Testing & Inspection.
Magell Candelaria works at Range Resources Corporation.
Charlie Moog works at University of Colorado Boulder.
Andrew Charbonneau is a Vice President at Decollement Consulting.
Eric Nelson is a Senior Geologist at Forest Oil Corp.
Dan Charbonneau works at Decollement Consulting.
Alba Perez works at Hess Corporation.
Robert Dickerson works at S.M. Stoller Corporation.
Christopher Ross is a Geophysicist at Cross Quantitative Interpretation, LP.
Charles Doe is a Geologist at Steve Doe, Independent Geologist.
Andre Scheinwald lives in Denver CO. Brandon Sejera works at Decollement.
Ernest Espinosa lives in Aurora CO.
Stephen Solokis is a VP US Operation at Tesla Exploration.
N a t a l i e G i ve n s wo r k s a t D e n b u r y Resources.
David Tabet lives in Salt Lake City, UT.
Clint Hipke is a Senior Geologist at Energy Corporation of America.
Vol. 63, No.7
Buck Unsderfer lives in Denver, CO. Âť
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Advertisers Index AAPG............................................... 22
Donovan Brothers Inc..................29
Newfield Exploration................... 14
Bowler Petrophysics.......................27
Fluid Inclusion Technologies......27
Noble Energy................................ 27
Bradsby Group................................ 25
Geosteering..................................28
RBC Wealth Management.......... 35
Breckenridge Geophysical.............17
Great Western Oil & Gas.............33
RPM Geologic, LLC...................... 33
Canadian Discovery....................... 11
Gustavson, John B....................... 27
Stoner Engineering, LLC................ 9
Columbine Logging........................ 19
Horizontal Solutions Intl..............11
Summit Mudlogging Services....... 4
Daub & Associates........................ 36
Karo, James C................................ 6
Weatherford Laboratories........... 15
Decollement Consulting, Inc...........8
Lario Oil & Gas Company.............19
Weber Law Firm, LLC..................... 6
The Discovery Group, Inc................36
MJ Systems..................................18
Whitehead, Neil H........................ 14
Dolan Integration Group.................19
Mazzullo Energy Corp..................14
WPX Energy.................................. 10
July 2014 SUNDAY
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RMAG 2 Luncheon
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Speaker: Christopher Laughery
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AAPG Annual MeetingRocky Mountain Section July 20-22
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Christian Fellowship Luncheon
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