MOVING CITY
MOVING CITY
TUTOR JOHN DOYLE GROUP 3 AISHWARYA KHOTH s3753668
BINGYAN CAO s3556454
LU HAN s3752430
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SARAH MARTINUSSEN s3788591
MOVING CITY
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INDEX What if Senarios A series of speculative propositions for the future of the Taihu mega-city. Background A series of points, diagrams, images or observations etc that explain the chosen scenario. What in the present day suggests this as a possible future? Data Visualization A series of integration of the data for spatial visualization that demonstrates, explores and analyses the condition in the Taihu region today. Mid Semester Developing the population already established consisting of rules of the game, outcomes from the rule system and series of visualization from an urban chunk point of view. Redefining Moving City Re-defining moving city after the feedback received from the mid semester crits and further developing the project. Final Project Generation of an integrated system of sharing and exchange in which land-use, density, amenity, greenspace and water ways are negotiated and optimised. this contains a series of outcomes tested based on a set of rules and visualizations from an urban chunk scale. Appendix Other ideas about moving city. 3
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T
he Very Very Big Studio this semester has developed each of our understandings of cities and urban development through design and planning. It has broadened our ability to think conceptually about the processes of change that we have considered. While inspiring us to be daring in our proposals and propel us beyond our comfort zones. Each week John encouraged us to think deeper and further about our ideas and pushed our understandings within both the physical and conceptual realms. For this we have gained valuable skills that we will use to challenge our future thinking towards design. By default, we found ourselves falling back on traditional understandings of cities where our outcomes appeared generic, lacking an individuality representative of the region or our proposal. We believed our initial proposals for the moving city, were anything but common, yet when we began to filter it down to the outcomes at smaller scales, we struggled to continue the radical line of thinking. In our final outcome we believe we made improvement on this through the development of how the same set of rules will play out differently at the “chunk� scale. A result of how the variation in existing conditions and character will play a vital role on how the area will change and grow into the future. The feedback we received at mid semester was vital in the development of our final project. We were pushed to be decisive in our definition of whether our concept was of a
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physical movement or the movement of ideas and information. In the end we decided upon a physical movement, however we refined the form of how this was to work. In doing so we lost an element of the radicality of our initial ‘moving islands’ proposal yet came to a proposal that worked with what we knew of growth patterns, in order to maximise the fluidity of diverse urban development. Whilst simultaneously ensuring the promotion of natural environmental value in the region. The unique setting of this semester has driven us to be better communicators through both spoken work and drawing. The discussions we have had with John have been rich and inspiring, and our conversations as a group have excited and animated us about the possibilities that arose from our body of work. We hope to continue to push our communication further into the future and enrich our abilities to provide swift clarity when presenting our ideas. At the end of the semester we are proud of the outcomes we have produced, and of our cohesion as a group. A fundamental learning that we will take away, is to be brave and bold in tackling radical propositions, to grab hold of difficult concepts, talk them over (with whomever will listen) and push through the challenges to find what value might lie beyond them.
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HAT IF SENARIOS?
To begin this semester we pursued the concept of the “what if?� In order to provoke and challenge our thinking towards future planning. In doing so we created the basis for our final project. It is here that our concept for the final project was initiated.
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01 What if
the city became individual islands? Issue 1: Sea level rising up - network of water around Taihu will widen and connect - network of water split the land into single island Method: Metabolism - Self-sufficient - Movable - City is decentralized: each island has its own circulation system - The artificial ground of the city would house agriculture, industry and entertainment and the residential towers would descend into the ocean to a depth of 200 metres.
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02 What if
the city could move?
Issue 2: population increasing more high rise building(the height more higher than now) Method: - Intelligent islands - Interconnecting with each other when necessary - Formation of a joint metropolis - Disperse when their concentrated power is no longer necessary.
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03 What if
the road network was divided horizontally and vertically ? Issue 3: population increasing more high rise building(the height more higher than now) Method: - In order to reduce the stress of traffic jams and provide more convenience of transport for people who live in quite higher position, - Build up road or public transport line across in between the buildings.
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04 What if
the land for agriculture reduced? Issue 4: population double - Increased demand for residential building - Increased demand for food - Building area increased - Agricultural area decreased Method: - Vertical agriculture - Horizontal agriculture, or attached to the building that has been built, which changes the elevation of city. - Allow residents to design their own living space, farming space, and grow their own rice / food
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05 What if
there is no need to travel to work? Issue 5: New lifestyle arise from Covid19 People now are working from home and have to accept a new lifestyle. It also leads to some critical thinking about previous travel-to-work lifestyle with long distance. Method: - A new lifestyle living and working at home, the range of motion will also shrink. - The road system will be optimized within countrysides or villages, instead of longspan transport systems. - Private automated vehicles become redundant. Walkability to goods and services. PT available for longer travel needs.
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06 What if
the health Lake Taihu was ignored and became toxic? Issue 6: Environmental Degradation Method: Internalisation - If the toxicity of the lake reached the point where the surrounding air was no longer safe for residents to breath, or for agriculture to be viable. The city would need to be restructured so that people could reach all essential goods and services within their building, or through connections between nearby buildings. Transit options also internalised providing protection from the ‘outside’
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B
ACKGROUND
Our focus for this studio has been Lake Tai, and its co-dependent surrounding cities. 70km from Shanghai, Lake Tai has a diameter of 50km and is situated within the Taihu Basin of the Yangtze River Delta. The area has a high proportion of agricultural land, yet the last 20 years has seen rapid urban development in this region. As a rough guide there has been a change from 9% built form in 1995 to 34% in 2019.Changing both parkland and agricultural space into urban form.
120km
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70km
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1995
91% open space : 9% built form
2010 74% open space : 26% built form
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90% open space : 10% built for
70% open space : 30% built for
rm
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2000
2005 78% open space : 22% built form
2015
66% open space : 34% built form
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2019
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This heavy use of agriculture, combined with the land use changes to industrial and urban development over the past decades has seen environmental damage to the lake. The eutrophication of the water from these land uses has resulted in recurring algae bloom outbreaks over the last 20 years and has sparked overhaul of regulation on pesticide usage and installation of wider efforts to improve the condition of the lake. Zhang, Hui & Wang, Qiao & Guangyu, Li & Zhang, Hanpei & Zhang, Jue. (2016).
2019 Residential Industrial Commercial Agriculture Parkland Wilderness
Land use change
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CGTN (2019)
Sentinelhub (2018)
From our research of the exising environmental conditions we hope to engage with the environmental conditions of the lake and the surrounding land by giving space for the condition of the landscape to improve in health and increase in a biodiversity that is native to the Taihu Basin. Throughout this project we will refer to this intension as the introduction of “wilderness� in doing so we intend this to be moreso aligned with a native parkland or forrest area. Initiated with careful consideration of local and native flora and fauna and preceedingly encouraged to grow with minimal human intervention.
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Air pollution distribution
Population density distribution
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Natural Disaster Prone Area
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Population
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Residential
Industrial
Commercial
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Landscape
Agricultural
Parkland
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Wilderness
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Water system
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Education
Kindergarten
Primary school
High school
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University
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Transport system
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Amenities
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Gallery
Library
Market
Museum
Sport Center
Theater
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MID SEMESTER
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What if the cities could move ? What if the cities weren’t permanent ? Moving cities could be the future of the growing problems we are currently facing. Considering the current pandemic, crises, growing population, and environmental pollution, a moving city could be the solution to these problems. We highlighted the following three factors vital to set up the background of our concept. 1. A moving city could interconnect with another city to form a larger moving metropolis when needed and then disperse when their concentrated power is no longer necessary. Considering the future scenario of having a moving city, it could be possible to have these cities isolated when needed. 2. Natural disaster increase - The cities could move away from the areas that are disaster prone and could act as resilient cities. They could not just contribute to being self resilient but also help in decreasing the probability of natural hazards turning into disasters. 3. Global organisation through mobility and connectivity underpin the feasibility of the moveable city. Societies are committed to bringing things between cities; sharing, trading and learning. So why not scale this process up, to instead revolve around the city moving as a whole.
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M
OVING CITY
A moveable city has the power to choose when to plug-in and when to plug out. A moveable city is therefore a protected city, with the ability to be a self- sufficient entity, yet holds on to the memory of the strength that comes from global connectivity. The moveable cities have the potential to grow as unique and characterful units that are void of a single, pre-determined mould. On initiation the city is provided with the platform of basic, expandable infrastructures and encouraged to develop in isolation. Thereby aiming to gain strength in the individuality it possesses. In times of need, collaboration or unity the cities can plug into one another to share insights, intellect and resources. However in times of environmental hazard, health threats or conflict the cities can plug out for the purpose of self-preservation. Due to environmental pollution and population increasing in 2050, original city might not be good for people living with terrible air quality and reduction of resources. In order to solve this issue, people will rebuild a new artificial moving machine to live safely and viably and searching for new natural resources eagerly, we call that “Moving City�.
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V
ECTORS OF CHANGE
Accessibility
Cities have equal access to natural resources and other cities through existing water bodies. Changes in accessibility to : Density Green spaces Water systems
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MATERIAL Buildings become superlight engineering/constructing Changes in built form and materials for : Speed control Flexibility of movement Time of movement
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Form Sea level rise : Feasibility for movement Changes of the city form due to sea level rise
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R
ules
1. The cities will be defined by x grids)
(eg.waterway,
2. Cities will move towards x (eg. Megacities; financial point attractor, “Beautiful� landscapes; national parks: water, clean air) 3. Move away from x (eg. Density, Pollution) 4. Cities will move at a speed of x km/day, and will increase relative to the sqm of the city 5. GFA to increase or decrease depending on proximity to x 6. Land use will be determined by GFA 7. Green space will scale proportionally to vertical space
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01 The cities will be defined by x (eg.waterway, grids)
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02 Cities will move towards x (eg. Megacities; financial point attractor, “Beautiful� landscapes; national parks: water, clean air)
Sunny area
Landscape (e.g water sunshine & green space)
Green space
Water
Cities will move towards some financial point attractor (e.g megacity)
Economic developed area
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03
Wu Xi
Move away from x (eg. Density, Pollution) Su Zhou
Yi Xing X Yi ing Wu Xi
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Su
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Su Zhou
Yi Xing
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yy oy xt xx z zz
Hu
Away from high dense
X Yi
Hu Zhou
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Hu Zhou
Hu
Away from pollution m
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ity
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Average GFA of city over xxx Average GFA of city between xxx to yyy
potential of city breakup
Average GFA of city between yyy to zzz
City
CBD
Low
Higher GFA Medium GFA
Medium Unhealthy
Low GFA
Waterway divide city into seperate parts
Wu Xi
When average GFA of surrounding city have been over X? LANDMARK
Su Zhou
Yi Xing
LANDMARK
Shang Hai
The average GFA of cities around lanadmark should be controlled under a number.
Hu Zhou
- When Air quality index over this region will move away from here towards a nearby place within air qulity index of low than.
Cities with higher GFA should leave.
- When average GFA of surrounding city have been over x, the region with high dense shoule be move away
potential of city breakup City Low Medium Unhealthy
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04 Cities will move at a speed of x km/day, and will increase relative to the sqm of the city
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05 GFA to increase or decrease depending on proximity to x GFA within the cities will be influenced by internal and external factors. Be that proximity to surrounding cities, environment or population density.
x as population
x as density
x as green space
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06 Land use will be determined by GFA As a product of proximity the delegation of land use will be reliant on the relationships with surrounding factors. High density = Residential
Medium density = Commercial
Low density = Industrial
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07 Green space will scale proportionally to vertical space
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Scenario 01
CITIES ARE DIVIDED BY WATERWAYS
CITIES MOVE TOWARDS LANDSCAPE AND AWAY FROM DENSITY
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Outcome 01 01. Cities are defined by waterways 02. Cities move towards landscape 03. Cities move away from density 04. Cities move at a speed of 200 m/day 05. GFA to increase with proximity to green space 06. Residential = high density, Commercial = medium density, Industrial = low density 07. Green space will scale proportional to vertical space
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Scenario 02 We considered that this outcome was the ‘best case’ scenario. Here we see this as a success in enabling cities to access the benefits of the ‘beautiful landscape’ and are also separated from other cities working with our theory that this separation is the fundamental to the success of our proposal.
CITIES ARE DIVIDED BY 20 X 20KM GRID
CITIES MOVE TOWARDS DENSITY AND AWAY FROM LANDSCAPE
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Outcome 02 01. Cities are defined by a 20x20km grid 02. Cities move towards landscape 03. Cities move away from density 04. Cities move at a speed of 1km/day 05. GFA to increase with proximity to green space 06. Residential = high density, Commercial = medium density, Industrial = low density 07. Green space will scale proportional to vertical space
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Scenario 03
CITIES ARE DIVIDED BY 20 X 20KM GRID
CITIES MOVE TOWARDS DENSITY AND AWAY FROM LANDSCAPE
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Outcome 03 01. Cities are defined by a 20x20km grid 02. Cities move towards density 03. Cities move away from landscape 04. Cities move at a speed of 1km/day 05. GFA to increase with proximity to green space 06. Residential = high density, Commercial = medium density, Industrial = low density 07. Green space will scale proportional to vertical space
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Scenario 04
CITIES ARE DIVIDED BY 10 X 10KM GRID
CITIES MOVE TOWARDS LANDSCAPE AND AWAY FROM DENSITY
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Outcome 04 01. Cities are defined by a 10x10km grid 02. Cities move towards landscape 03. Cities move away from density 04. Cities move at a speed of 2km/day 05. GFA to increase with proximity to green space 06. Residential = high density, Commercial = medium density, Industrial = low density 07. Green space will scale proportional to vertical space
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Scenario 05 We made judement on this outcome to be the ‘worst case’ scenario. The cluster formation of the cities means that we are inhibiting the potential of the moveable city. We think that by being grid locked in density and in pollution this outweighs a potential benefit of a hyper connected network. The size of the 10 km grid also becomes too small to be involved in valuable exchanges that we imagine.
CITIES ARE DIVIDED BY 10 X 10KM GRID
CITIES MOVE TOWARDS DENSITY AND AWAY FROM LANDSCAPE
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Outcome 05 01. Cities are defined by a 10x10km grid 02. Cities move towards density 03. Cities move away from landscape 04. Cities move at a speed of 2km/day 05. GFA to increase with proximity to green space 06. Residential = high density, Commercial = medium density, Industrial = low density 07. Green space will scale proportional to vertical space
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V
ISIONING
Attractor: Greenspace
Attractor: Greenspace REGIONAL SCALE - LAKE TAI
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Industrial Land-use Residential Land-use Greenspace Road Commercial Building Residential Building
CHUNK SCALE (3km * 3km) - SUZHOU
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HUMAN VIEW 01
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HUMAN VIEW 02
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F
EEDBACK FROM MID SEMESTER
Ben Milbourne - Is this an outcome based on a physical or valuable movement. - We could consider the transfer of information as an assessment of value rathen than necessarily physical forms. Ian Nazareth - Balance the movement as a catalyst for development or the accomodation of change in program. Wanyu - Need to take the next step and analyse the outcome to show value or benefits that come from these comparisons. In order to make a judgement on the VALUE. - Movement as flows, eg of traffic or population Neville Mars - The rates of development in China see their urban form move and change constantly. - Consider “light urbanism” are we thinking in terms of a literal and physical movement or a metaphor for how we want to shape the city. - If this is physical need to consider the implications on infrustructure. Would this be leaving behind a thick trail of infrustructure? Bridget Keane - What do cities want and need? How do these cities move around these things? Is this a behavioural model? - Can we push the “natural landscapes” to take on greater value?
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K
EY POINTS OF INTEREST
1. Is moving city a conceptual or physical technique? What is the value/meaning of moving city? 2. How do we resolve/speculate in terms of mobility? 3. Before/ After effect of the outcomes in 2050, through analysis data we did before to compare. 4. Movement being catalyst, describe relationships. 5. Circulatory city? Not just for landscape. 6. Which part should move particularly? (also mentioned about the movement of population, information or people normally move in the city or region) 7. Conclusion - what kind of city is a moving city generating?
We gathered the above 7 points to be questions and ideas that we would tackle in the development of the final project. They were concepts that we needed to further clarify in our own minds and then take forth through the outcomes and visualisations of our work. The most critical of which was to define what is our meaning of the moving city.
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R
EDEFINING MOVING CITIES
The Moving City is characterised by the reallocation of land use. Which enables a purposeful delegation of built form and open space. Fundamental to the moving city is the process of contraction and expansion. Urban form and density are to contract and consolidate, while valuable landscapes expand and replace underutilised land. The moving city grew from the idea of a need for protection. Protection of the urban from external forces of climatic and human crisis, and developed into an adaptable framework, whereby urban centers, areas of creation and societies can flow across the region to reside in meaningful locations. This is to exist alongside the protection of the natural environment from eminent threats induced by human influence and exploitation. Allowing the potential for landscape to take priority, to spread, to grow and to transform into vast abundant, wilderness inspired regions. This model sets up a variable proposition which can adapt, respond and sustain a state of flux so as to face future challenges that may arise such as sea level rise, pandemic scale health threats, and even urban homogeneity.
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FINAL PROJECT In our final project the redefinition of our moving cities enabled us to produce an outcome that was underpinned by the key values that we sought to nuture. We were able to explore the possibilities of the impact of our system upon the urban and natural forms. We have explored these changes in land use, density and ratio of open space as a means to calculate the value of our system.
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Planning for the future
WHAT do we predict to see?
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Increasing population and density
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Need for increased accessibility
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Changing environmental conditions
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Planning for the future
WHAT do we want to see?
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Expansion of green space
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Reorganisation of urban form
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Contraction of density
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Change of land use
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RULES of moving city
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01 Significant green space is preserved.
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02 Density is pulled towards x.
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03 Density is pushed away from x.
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04 Expansion of landscape by contraction of density.
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05 Speed of movement changes by land use.
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06 GFA is relative to land use.
High/Medium
High
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Medium
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07 Density increases incrementally every 5 years.
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VISIONING - REGIONAL SCALE OUTCOME 01 Attract by Wilderness
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+
AREA 2020 1,944,750,00
2050 4,796,733,000
-
POPULATION 2020 77,956,415
2050 199,693,614
+
GFA 2020 2,545,091,452
2050 6,315,107,379
-
+
GREEN AREA 2020 5,583,147,000
+
2050 3,301,825,001
-
+
-
+ 81
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2020
ATTRACTOR > Density as pushed ( - ) > Greenspace as pull ( + )ATTRACTOR SPEED > 36% expansion of city per 5 years > For inside of city, 25% of Agriculture & parkland —— change equally into residential, industrial, commercial
82 82
2025
2030
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2035
2040
2045
2050
83 83
Residential Commercial Industrial
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84 84
2025
2030
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2035
2040
2045
2050
85 85
Agricultural Parkland Wilderness
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86 86
2025
2030
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2035
2040
2045
2050
87 87
Population 2020
MOVING CITY
88 88
Population Outcome1 - 2050 MOVING CITY
89 89
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VISIONING - REGIONAL SCALE OUTCOME 02 Attract by Density
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+
AREA 2020 9,197,700,000
2050 9,197,700,000
POPULATION 2020 77,956,415
2050 417,779,716
-
+
GFA 2020 2,545,091,452
2050 12,045,491,323
-
+
GREEN AREA 2020 5,583,147,000
+
2050 1,875,787,000
-
+
-
+ 91
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2020
ATTRACTOR > Density as pull ( + ) > Greenspace as pushed ( - ) SPEED > 74% expansion of city per 5 years > For inside of city, 25% of Agriculture & parkland —— change equally residential, industrial, commercial
92 92
2025
2030
MOVING CITY
2035
2040
2045
2050
93 93
Residential Commercial Industrial
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94 94
2025
2030
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2035
2040
2045
2050
95 95
Agricultural Parkland Wilderness
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96 96
2025
2030
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2035
2040
2045
2050
97 97
Population 2020
MOVING CITY
98 98
Population Outcome2 - 2050 MOVING CITY
99 99
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VISIONING - REGIONAL SCALE OUTCOME 03 Attract by Density & Residential Commercial fast than Industrial
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+
AREA 2020 9,197,700,000
2050 4,905,600,000
POPULATION 2020 77,956,415
2050 218,576,596
-
+
GFA 2020 2,545,091,452
2050 6,461,625,098
-
+
GREEN AREA 2020 5,583,147,000
+
2050 3,009,900,000
-
+
-
+ 101
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2020
ATTRACTOR > Density as pull ( + ) > Greenspace as pushed ( - ) SPEED > 36% expansion of city per 5 years > For inside of city, 25% of Agriculture & parkland —— 1. residential, commercial ( when closed to density point) per 5 years 2. industrial ( when closed to wilderness point) per 5 years > For inside of city, 25% residential, commercial —— Industrial ( when closed to wilderness point) > For inside of city, industrial —— residential, commercial ( when closed to den102 sity point)
2025
2030
MOVING CITY
2035
2040
2045
2050
103 103
Residential Commercial Industrial
MOVING CITY
104 104
2025
2030
MOVING CITY
2035
2040
2045
2050
105 105
Agricultural Parkland Wilderness
MOVING CITY
106 106
2025
2030
MOVING CITY
2035
2040
2045
2050
107 107
Population 2020
MOVING CITY
108 108
Population Outcome2 - 2050 MOVING CITY
109 109
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To further examine the implications of the scenarios we have chosen to use scenario 1 as a base to visualise the outcomes at a 3km x 3km scale. We have chosen three locations with varying existing conditions in order to highlight the potential of the varying outcomes that arise from a single scenario.
1. SUZHOU
2. WUXI
3. YIXING 110
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2
3
1
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VISIONING - CHUNK SCALE 01 SUZHOU
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SUZHOU: The first 3km x 3km sits within the city of Suzhou. In this case we see an existing residential, industrial & urban green space typology mix. In the outcome of scenario 1 in 2050 this region lies within the newly formed city boundary. The impact on this region sees an overal increase of density and the removal of urban green space.
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2020
The volume of land uses was calculated as a measurement of the increase in density and the changes of priority of the different land uses. See appendix. Here the percentages represent the total volume for the demonstrated year, compared against a shell of the final volume outcome in 2050. The comparison of built form to open space is measured also as this is fundemental in our proposal and provides a great variability in the differing outcomes.
28% 5.9% 65%
96% Built Form 4% Open Space 114
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2030 Green space replaced by residential
Residential infill
14% 18% 67%
100% Built Form 115
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2040 New technology based industrial, agricultural mix Height increases Residential infill
13% 15% 72%
19% Agricultural Mix 81% Built Form 116
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2050 Commercial creates connections between existing buildings
Interconnections between buildings
6%
8% 84%
31% Agricultural Mix 69% Built Form 117
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BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
TYPE 1 : In-Between Building
TYPE 2 : Movable Unit 118
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THE CHANGE 2020-2050 Residential
Commercial
Industrial
GFA
POPULATION
119
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Human View 01
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121
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Human View 02
122
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VISIONING - CHUNK SCALE 02 WUXI
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WUXI: The second 3km x 3km is in the city of Wuxi. The exising conditions show a typology mix of predominantly residential & commercial. In the outcome of scenario 1 in 2050, this area lies within the centre of the newly shaped city. Therefore in this example we witness again an increase in density, however it is now accompanied by the movement of the city centre. 125
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2020 Wilderness grows and compresses the industrial and agricultural areas
56% 0.2% 43%
100% Built Form 126
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2030 Development of “in between” spaces
51% 8% 48%
100% Built Form 127
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2040 Height increases as city centre begins to move
Commercial connections
52% 0.1% 46%
100% Built Form 128
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2050 Infill more open space with commercial building
Blocks developing as solid connections
53%
46%
100% Built Form 129
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Moving city center
2020
2050 130
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Super dense
2020
2050
131
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BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
TYPE 3 : Connected Block
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THE CHANGE 2020-2050 Residential
Commercial
Industrial
GFA
POPULATION
133
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Human View 03
134
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135
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VISIONING - CHUNK SCALE 03 YIXING
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YIXING: Our final 3km x 3km sits on the western boundary of the lake in Yixing. Here the land use contrasts the previouse chunks with a high agricultural & industrial mix. In the outcome of scenario 1 in 2050, this chunk sits on the boundary between the ubran area and the newly defined ‘wilderness’. Therefore this example highlights the replacement of agriculture with open space. Additionally it explores the transformation of industrial to an agriculture and industrial mix. 137
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2020
0% 81% 15% 2%
20% Built Form 80% Agricultural 138
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2030 Wilderness grows and compresses the industrial and agricultural areas Transformation from traditional to tech based industry
0% 82% 16% 1%
17% Built Form 50% Agricultural 31% Parkland 139
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2040 Wilderness grows and compresses the industrial and agricultural areas Transformation from traditional to tech based industry
0% 80% 19% 1%
14% Built Form 20% Agricultural 64% Parkland 140
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2050 Development of new combined typology of agriculture and industrial mix
3% 84% 11%
13% Built Form 86% Parkland 141
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TYPE 4 : High-tech Industry (Industry & Agricultural)
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THE CHANGE 2020-2050 Industrial
Residential
GFA We see the increase in population as the wilderness expands over this area, pushing residential areas, once sprawled in a larger region together within the chunk. As it continues to move on and out of the boundaries of the chunk we see it decrease once again.
POPULATION
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Human View 04 - Hi-tech agricultural industrial development
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Human View 05 -City Edge
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A
PPENDIX
DEVELOPMENT OF THE MOVING CITY CONCEPT Throughout the semester we developed many iterations of our idea of the moving city. As we worked towards consolidating our ideas and our thought processes we spent the time each drawing out our understanding of the concept in order to clearly find what seperated our thinking and what we had in common. We have included some of the initial versions in order to showcase the trial and error we undertook in the process of defining our moving cities.
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OPTION 1. RULE 1 1.01 CITIES WILL BREAK UP VIA EXISTING WATERWAYS 1.02 MOVING ELEMENTS WILL BE DETERMINED BY INTERNAL WATERWAYS
RULE 2 CITIES WILL MOVE SLOWER AS THIER SIZE (SQKM) INCREASES
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RULE 3 CITIES WILL MOVE TOWARDS ‘BEAUTIFUL LANDSCAPES’
RULE 4 CITIES WILL MOVE AWAY FROM OTHER CITIES
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RULE 5 GFA WILL INCREASE WITH PROXIMITY TO GREEN SPACE
2
1
2
1
LOW GFA (<x)
HIGH GFA (>x)
RULE 6 LAND USE WILL BE DETERMINED BY GFA Commercial - High GFA Residential - Medium GFA Industrial - Low GFA
2
1
1
2
RESIDENTIAL
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COMMERCIAL
INDUSTRIAL
MOVING CITY
OUTCOME 01
GFA
LAND USE 152
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OUTCOME 02 DETERMINING THE MOVEMENT OF THE PARTS OF TAIHU REGION
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OUTCOME 03
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OUTCOME 04 Issue
Moving city Environmental pollution
Increasing population
Due to environmental pollution and population increasing in 2050, original city might not be good for people living with terrible air quality and reduction of resources. In order to solve this issue, people will rebuild a new artificial moving machine to live safely and viably and searching for new natural resources eagerly, we call that “Moving City”. Traction Cities are vast metropolises built on tiers that move on gigantic wheels or caterpillar tracks. As an artificial city, it provides basic facilities for self-sufficient living. City will rely on the walkable system to move on new location with new sustainable nature resources and fuel. in addition, moving system will provide resource delivery and commercial trade across in between different city with spatial industrial quality.
resources decrease/
average resources per person decrease
There will be some basic facilities for self-sufficient living.
Commercial
Residential
Office
Industry electricity
City will be moved and located nearby resources
Industry
Resource as attractor
Resource Delivery Center City type
Delivery City type
Eac
Public facilities
fresh water
Accept City type
Mining City type
1-2 unique qualities of original city
Basic facilities
Scenario
The original city will be demolished and transformed onto green space.
A newly built walkable city to live and search for resources
Special quality
Mutiple industries
Advanced in mining products
Large population
Developing city
Developed
Far away from resource
Single or limited industrial chain
Convenient transport
Large storage of resource
Small area
Organizing resources
Distribute by government
Easy operation
In ord
Small population
cha Chin
High speed
That w area,
Rule - city system
Minin
a prod Key w
Reso
Rule for establishment of cities moving network Land use been demolished and transformed into green space gradually (setting data in period)
centre distan distrib
Deliv
seem Cities Accep who l
Acce
enoug resou
Beginning
original city been dimolished
Green space rebuild
Mining city searching resources
Resource as attractor for city moving（ Mining Cities - Accepting Cities & Delivery cities - Resource Delivery Centre Cities) The trade / shipping relationship from “Mining Cities —— Accepting Cities” to “Resource Delivery Centre Cities —— Accepting Cities” (setting data in period and amount of number) 1.Resource Delivery Centre Cities locate in center of cities network to achieve convenience transport.
Accepting city searching Mining resources
Trading connection through Delivery City (Mining – Accepting City)
City chain engaged by Resource Center City (Mining – Resource Center – Accepting)
Large city network
2.Resource Delivery Centre Cities will be increased because of more Accepting Cities (setting data in period and amount of number)
Additional rule Accepting Cities have possibility merge into / attach to Mining Cities.
Delivery city across different city
merge accept city
expand city area
Each city needs to expanding area of cities for build more residential building because of population increasing. (setting expanding system)
Beginning
10 years
20 years
1st Moving period: city moving separately and individually for searching natural resources when the trading system between cities not been built strong.
2nd Moving period: cities as a chain/ group moving for searching natural resources when the cities chain has been built stably.
3rd Moving period: Min searching new resourc requirement will be diff the Super Resource De between the each Mini ery Centre Cities settin
Developing period: Accepting Cities types been attracted by Mining Cities to gathering around, and start to build moving chain of Mining – Accepting Cities with Resource Delivery Centre Cities. (base on the rule from establishment of cities network). A cities chain will be creating.
158 Developing period: A Super Resource Delivery Centre Cities will be built in between Mining Cities for more large trading when cities chain developing stably (Mining – Mining Cities). A large cities network will be creating.
into / attac
Rule for establishment of cities moving network
average resources per person decrease
Beginning
Beginning
original city been dimolished
Green space rebuild
City will be moved and located nearby resources
Resource as attractor
Mining City type - Cities have ability for mining resources to be burned for fuel or a producing center in Taihu region. Having multiple industrial chain. Key words: Producer, miner. Each city n
cities for b because delivery o expand city Resource area delivery center City type - Cities mainly act as a resource centre or trade centre in between the Mining cities and Accepting cities to reduce the ting expan
MOVING CITY
distance achieving convenience transport. And also act as resources organization to distribute and exchange the resource to other Accepting Cities.
Delivery City type - this small cities aim to delivery resources from Mining city, wh seem like freight company to shipping the product to destination speedily ( Mining Cities—— Resource Delivery Centre Cities, Resource Delivery Centre Cities —— Accepting Cities, Accepting Cities —— Mining Cities.). the majority group of people who live in here was staff working on this freightage system.
Land use been demolished and transformed into green space gradually (setting data in period)
Scenario
The original city will be demolished and transformed onto green space.
A newly built walkable city to live and search for resources
Accept City type - Cities has limited industrial direction, which might not to get
10 years
enough resources for completely self-sufficient. So they has to highly rely on the resources delivery from Mining Cities types.
Resource as attractor for city moving（ Mining Cities - Accepting Cities & Deliv2nd Moving period: cities as a chain/ group moving for searching ery cities - Resource Delivery Centre natural resources when the cities chain has been built stably. Cities) Developing period: A Super Resource Delivery Centre Cities will be Developing period: Accepting Cities types been attracted by Mining built in between Mining Cities for more large trading when cities Cities to gathering around, and start to build moving chain of MiningThe trade / shipping relationshipchain from developing stably (Mining – Mining Cities). A large cities net– Accepting Cities with Resource Delivery Centre Cities. (base on “Mining Cities —— Accepting Cities” work to will be creating. the rule from establishment of cities network). A cities chain will be “Resource Delivery Centre Cities —— creating. Accepting Cities” (setting data in period and amount of number) 1st Moving period: city moving separately and individually for searching Mining naturalcity resources when the trading system between searching resourccities not been es built strong.
Rule
Accept City type
Resource Delivery Center City type
Accepting city searching Mining Trading connection through DeConvenient – Accepting Large storage of resources livery City (Mining Single or limited Developing city transport resource industrial chain City)
ild
City chain engaged by Resource Center City (Mining – Small area Small population Resource Center – Accepting)
Distribute by government
Easy operation
Delivery city across different city
of number) In order to classify quality of city, we will start to research the distribution characteristics of nature resource and classification of Chinese cities' tier, particularly in Taihu region.
High speed
2020
2.Resource Delivery Centre Cities will be increased because of more Accepting Cities (setting data in period and amount
Large city network Each city is unique
That will understand how the development direction of city in industry and trade area, even what kind of industry they rely on. Additional
Rule - city system merge accept city Rule for establishment of cities moving network
2025
rule
Accepting Cities have possibility merge to Mining Cities.
Mining City type - Cities have ability for mining resources to be burned for fuel or as into / attach a producing center in Taihu region. Having multiple industrial chain. Key words: Producer, miner.
Each city needs to expanding area of more residential building2035 because of population increasing. (setDeveloping ting expanding system)
Resource delivery center City type - Cities mainly act as a resource delivery cities forthe build centre or trade centre in between the Mining cities and Accepting cities to reduce distance achieving convenience transport. And also act as resources organization to
2030
expand city distribute area andMoving exchange the resource to other Accepting Cities.
Moving
2040
Delivery City type - this small cities aim to delivery resources from Mining city, which
seem like freight company to shipping the product to destination speedily ( Mining Cities—— Resource Delivery Centre Cities, Resource Delivery Centre Cities —— Accepting Cities, Accepting Cities —— Mining Cities.). the majority group of people who live in here was staff working on this freightage system.
Land use been demolished and transformed into green space gradually (setting data in period)
Rule - moving syste
Accept City type - Cities has limited industrial direction, which might not to get enough resources for completely self-sufficient. So they has to highly rely on the resources delivery from Mining Cities types.
Beginning Mining city searching resourc1st Moving esperiod: city moving separately and individually for searching natural resources when the trading system between cities not been built strong.
Resource as attractor for city moving（ years Mining Cities - Accepting Cities &10 Delivery cities - Resource Delivery Centre 2nd Moving period: cities as a chain/ group moving for searching Cities) natural resources when the cities chain has been built stably.
20 years 3rd Moving period: Mining cities in large cities network will move to searching new resource in different direction seems the resource requirement will be different in each Mining Cities, which will led to the Super Resource Delivery Centre Cities relocated the position between the each Mining Cities because of rule 7 ( Resource Delivery Centre Cities setting on center of cities network).
period: A Super Resource Delivery Centre Cities will be The trade / shipping relationship Developing from Developing period: Accepting Cities types been attracted by Mining“Mining Cities —— Accepting Cities” built to in between Mining Cities for more large trading when cities Cities to gathering around, and start to build moving chain of Mining “Resource Delivery Centre Citieschain —— developing stably (Mining – Mining Cities). A large cities net– Accepting Cities with Resource Delivery Centre Cities. (base on Accepting Cities” (setting data inwork will be creating. period the rule from establishment of cities network). A cities chain will be and amount of number) creating. 1.Resource Delivery Centre Cities locate in center of cities network to achieve convenience transport.
d by Rey (Mining – – Accepting)
2020
Organizing resources
Far away from resource
Developed
1.Resource Delivery Centre Cities locate in center of cities network to achieve
Definition of city typestransport. convenience
Delivery City type
Large population
n cts
g
merge accept city
Delivery city across different city
ing City type
ries
Rule - city system
resources decrease/
2.Resource Delivery Centre Cities will be increased because of more Accepting Cities (setting data in period and amount of number)
Large city network
Additional rule Accepting Cities have possibility merge into / attach to Mining Cities.
expand city area
2025
Moving
2030
Each city needs to expanding area of cities for build more residential building because of population increasing. (setting expanding system) 2035
Developing
Mining city Accept city
Moving
2040
Developing
Rule - moving system 10 years
20 years
2nd Moving period: cities as a chain/ group moving for searching natural resources when the cities chain has been built stably.
3rd Moving period: Mining cities in large cities network will move to searching new resource in different direction seems the resource requirement will be different in each Mining Cities, which will led to the Super Resource Delivery Centre Cities relocated the position between the each Mining Cities because of rule 7 ( Resource Delivery Centre Cities setting on center of cities network).
Developing period: A Super Resource Delivery Centre Cities will be built in between Mining Cities for more large trading when cities chain developing stably (Mining – Mining Cities). A large cities network will be creating.
Mining city Accept city
2035
Moving
2040
Developing
2045
Moving
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2050
Resource Resource delivery center Moving route
2045
Moving
2050
Resource
Resource deliv Moving route
MOVING CITY
R
EFERENCE
CGTN, (2019, September 9). Algae plagued lake in East China gets cleaner. CGTN. https://news. cgtn.com/news/2019-09-19/Algae-plagued-lake-in-east-China-gets-cleaner-K6M1Evw1JC/ index.html Sentinelhub, (2018). Sentinelhub Playground. https://apps.sentinel-hub.com/sentinel-playgro und/?source=S2&lat=31.294981054372283&lng=120.0242615584284&zoom=10&preset=1NATURAL-COLOR&layers=B01,B02,B03&maxcc=100&gain=1.6&gamma=1.0&time=2018-0101%7C2018-07-28&atmFilter=ATMCOR&showDates=false Zhang, Hui & Wang, Qiao & Guangyu, Li & Zhang, Hanpei & Zhang, Jue., (2016). Losses of ecosystem service values in the Taihu Lake Basin from 1979 to 2010. Frontiers of Earth Science. 11. 1-11. 10.1007/s11707-016-0612-1.
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