Communi-City William Hartawan
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The Temporal City
Table of Contents
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Final Proposition
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Early Readings: According to: “The Majority Illusion” in social networks by Kristina Lerman, Xiaoran Yan & Xin-Zeng Wu stated that individual decisions, from what product they purchase to whether to engage in a risky behavior often depends on the choices, behaviors or states of other people. However, they rarely have global knowledge of the states of others, but must estimate them from the local observations of their social contacts.
Network structure can significantly distort individual’s local observations. Under some conditions, a state that is globally rare in a network may be dramatically over-represented in the local neighborhoods of many individuals. This effect, which we call the “majority illusion,” leads individuals to systematically overestimate the prevalence of that state, which may accelerate the spread of social contagions.
An individual’s attitudes and behaviors are shaped by his or her perceptions of the choices, attitudes, and behaviors of others. This phenomenon is manifested daily in the decisions people make to adopt a new technology or idea, listen to music, engage in risky behavior, abuse alcohol, or join a social movement. As a result, a variety of behaviors are said to be “contagious”, because they spread through the population as people perceive others adopting the behavior and then adopt it themselves. In some cases, “social contagion” will spread from a small number of initial adopters to a large portion of the population, resulting in a fad, hit song, successful political campaign, or a prevailing social norm.
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Mining the City: Macro Scale Analysis:
Hourly Pedestrian Count - Pre COVID The data of the hourly pedestrian count shows the different drastic changes in the amount of people & groups gathering or walking outdoor before covid. (ΔT)3
Macro Scale Analysis cont:
Hourly Pedestrian Count - COVID Lockdown Comparing to the previous data, we can see the changes in its drastic number of changes in its pedestrians due to the lockdown rules implemented in the CBD.
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Closest Point Dataset These program proximity mapping shows the distance bettween the specific typologies & programs in the city. Where, the colours show different level of proximity & distance bettween the typologies clustered in the city
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Macro Scale Analysis cont:
Data Speculation - Relationship of Programs (Layering the Maps) I have started to layer the 3 proximity maps together as the Meblourne CBD map, where it is seen from the reading of the map that the programs within the city are disorganized and destructured in its urban form and organization.
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Micro Scale Analysis:
Block Study - QV Melbourne/ State Library of Victoria Reasons to choose this block: • programs are at macro scale level, meaning mostly larger spaces • hence, this block contains mainly retail and gathering spaces and programs as well as office & residential programs
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Program Mix Study
Plan View
Axonometric Offices
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Residential
Community
Retail & Hospitality
Surface Area Taxonomy
Average: 1,220 m²
Program DNA
30%
Offices
40%
Residential
Community
10%
5%
15%
Retail & Hospitality
Parking
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Business Establishments in the Block
Weekday - Monday to Friday
Weekend - Saturday & Sunday High Activity
Moderate Activity
Low Activity
Using the CLUE dataset from the Data Melbourne portal, This pixelation diagrams shows its intensity of business establishments and services during a typical weekday and weekday. Showing that the QV block starts to bustle during its weekend due to its packed abd busy Swanston Street.
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Program Usage per Industry in the Block (%)
Morning (6AM - 12PM)
Afternoon (12PM -6PM) (ΔT)3
Program Usage per Industry in the Block (%) cont:
Night (6PM - 12AM)
The program usage data from the QV block shows each of the industry’s use in its programs and spaces within the block, as the data shows every different time, the use of programs by workers and people vary in these different times.
We can see that retail & community programs increases slightly rapid during the afternoon and night time as compared to the morning due to many people using the spaces for a specific event or activitiy.
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Gathering Activity within the Block per 5 people (Speculation)
Morning (7AM - 12PM)
Aftenoon (12PM - 6PM) Workers
Residents
Community Groups
Hospitality Paterons (ΔT)3
Gathering Activity within the Block per 5 people (Speculation)
Night (6PM -12AM) Workers
Residents
Community Groups
Hospitality Paterons
After exploring the Business Establishment & Program Usage datasets of the block, i have speculated the activity of gatherings of pedestrians and people within the block, by represeting the data through a pixelation diagram.
A single pixel in this data is equal to an amount of 5 people.
You can see that all of the 4 different groups of people mixes with other groups around the city block and changes during the day due to change in its program usage and services in the block.
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Current City Concluding from the data and research, we can tell that currently, the city condition of its behaviors and tendencies show that people’s behavioral choices can be contagious around the city in terms of social activites as per human choices and feelings. As these relationships continue to grow further, we could see any of these groups will either misbehave a certain activity to joining a social movement as part of an agenda because of a group’s plays a role at influencing or forcing another group to do that activity. This is due to the way the city urban allocation of programs are disorganized and its inablity to create a controlled system.
Proposed City What if we can change that?
What if we can change the system and the formation of these communities and groups in the city and create controllable interactions when people decided to meet different people and friends to avoid misbehavior of these social networks.
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Specific Group Types: Group 1 - Sports Communities: • people who enjoy watching matches • enjoy training together • joining small association clubs • enjoy serveral other sports activities
Group 2 - Business Communities: • people who work collaboratively • work at offices and possibly collaborate with manufacturing • works at manufacturing
Group 3 - Arts & Entertainment Communities: • people who enjoy visitng art galleries, entertain ment & performance venues • people who enjoy games • watching movies in theaters In this project, these six different groups are assigned into seperate individual buildings, each having their own different interest and hobbies.
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Group 4 - Educational Communities: • people who are in schools & universities • joining school & university clubs • enjoy staying together in accomodations
Group 5 - Retail/Hospitality Communities: • people who enjoy culinary • visitng retail centres for shopping • staying over in hotels
Group 6 - Elderly Communities: • people who enjoy meeting other elderly people within their community • people who are sick gets treated in hospitals & rehab faclities • people who needed a space to reflect & meditate
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In order to distinguish bettween the different relationships bettwen communities, there are categorized into 2 types of idenitites and relationships: Close Friend A ‘close friend’ is someone who has an identical relationship and behavior between another close friend.
Different Friend A ‘different friend’ is someone who has an identical relationship and behavior between the two people/community, however this type of friend does not have similarity or identical relationship or behavior in comparison bettween the ‘close’ & ‘different’ friend.
Identical Relationship: A relationship that both of them share a common choices and feelings. These two individuals has tendencies to share or agree a similar choices or states bettween the two.
Non-Identical Relationship: A relationship that both of them share differrent choices and feelings. Hence, these two individuals has tendencies to influence an indivdual to do either a risky behavior or something that gives them positivity.
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The Close-Close Friend Relationship Identical Relationship
The Different - Different Friend Relationship Identical Relationship
The Close - Different Friend Relationship Non - Identical Relationship (ΔT)3
Friendship Map of the City
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Close Friend
Different Friend
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Friendship Spreadsheet
Sports Communities
Business Commun
Close
Different
Close
Arts
Business
Arts
Sports
Retail
Elderly
Retail
Elderly
Education
Differe
Educatio
Retail Communities
Elderly Communit
Close
Different
Close
Diffe
Arts
Education
Education
Busi
Retail
Sp
Sports Elderly Business
Close Friend - Identical Relationship Different Friend - Non- Identical Relationship
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A
nities
Arts & Entertainment Communities
ent
Close
Different
s
Retail
Education
y
Business
Elderly
on
ties
Sports
Education Communities
erent
Close
Different
iness
Sports
Business
Elderly
Arts
ports
Arts
Retail
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Programmatic Variations Group 1: Sport Communities Program Requirements: 1. Residential
10.
Baseball
2. Retail (Sports) eg. Sport Shop
11. Racing Track
3. Entertainment (Sports) eg. E-Sports
12. Swimming
4. Basketball (Training & Match) 5. Football (Training & Match) 6. Training Faclities 7. Media Offices 8. Sports Community
Variation 1:
Variation 2:
Variation 3:
The programmatic variations shows the mix of programs within the different communities. Each of these communities offer different programs to the block.
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Group 2: Business Communities Program Requirements: 1. Residential 2. Retail 3. Entertainment 4. Offices 5. Manufacturing 6. Hospitality 7. Community 8. Outdoor Spaces
Variation 1:
Variation 2:
Variation 3:
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Group 3: Arts & Entertainment Communities Program Requirements: 1. Residential 2. Retail 3. Entertainment 4. Offices 5. Community 6. Hospitality 7. Arts 8. Performances & Ceremonies
Variation 1:
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Variation 2:
Group 4: Educational Communities Program Requirements: 1. Residential - Apartments 2. Residential - Accomodation 3. Retail - Shops 4. Entertainment 5. Educational - Schools 6. Community 7. Retail - Mall 8. Educational - Univerisity/Colleges 9. Sports (Training)
Variation 1:
Variation 2:
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Group 5: Retail/Hospitality Communities Program Requirements: 1. Residential 2. Retail - (Shops, Malls) 3. Entertainment 4. Community 5. Hospitality - Restaurants & Hotels 6. Performances 7. Retail Offices
Variation 1:
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Variation 2:
Group 6: Elderly Communities Program Requirements: 1. Residential 2. Retail 3. Market 4. Entertainment 5. Hospital 6. Rehabilitation 7. Sports 8. Meditation 9. Community
Variation 1:
Variation 2:
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Proposed 24-Hour Activity Connections: Weekday ( Monday - Friday)
Morning (7AM -12PM) Afternoon (12PM 6PM) Night (6PM 12AM)
Close
Different
Arts - Retail Retail - Educational Elderly - Educational Retail - Sports Retail - Elderly Business - Retail Sports - Education Retail - Elderly
Business - Educational Arts - Elderly
Arts - Sports Arts - Retail Retail - Business Sport - Retail
Sports - Business Elderly - Business Arts - Educational Educational - Business Arts - Elderly Sports - Elderly
Weekend (Saturday & Sunday) Close
Different
Morning (7AM -12PM)
Arts - Retail Sports - Education
Afternoon (12PM 6PM)
Business - Retail Retail - Sports Elderly - Retail Sports - Arts Retail - Arts Retail - Elderly Retail - Sports
Elderly - Sports Sports - Business Education - Business Business - Elderly Arts - Elderly Arts - Education Education - Retail
Night (6PM 12AM)
Sports - Elderly Sports - Business Arts - Elderly Business - Elderly Education - Retail
The proposed 24 hour activity in the city shows how will the city and its architecture can interact with its neighbouring community buildings in the city. Where the differences shows that in both weekdays and weekend, the ‘close’ and ‘different’ friend likes to interact with other buildings and do specific activites at these specifc time schedules.
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Weekday Activity
Weekend Acitivity
The 24 hour diagram illustrate the hourly activity bettween the friends: During the weekdays, both ‘close friends’ and ‘different friends’ have differences in times due to their non-identical relatioships. While the weekend shows the opposite of the two, where the ‘different friend’ likes to do more acitvities during the morning and night time.
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City Plan:
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D
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D
B
C
B
C
A
D
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B
C
B
C
The yellow dashed line marker indicates the 4 blocks the connections are tested on.
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A
D
A
D
B
C
B
C
A
D
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B
C
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Weekday - Morning Connection Scenario
Lower Level (Close Friend) Connected Communities: Arts - Retail - Educational - Elderly - Sports These plan diagrams illustrate the change of connections in a day in two different floors; ‘close friend’ at the lower level and the ‘different friend’ at the upper level as a way to interact the different communites by connecting them.
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Upper Level (Different Friend) Connected Communities: Business - Educational - Arts - Elderly
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Weekday - Afternoon Connection Scenario
Lower Level (Close Friend)
Connected Communities: Business - Retail - Sports - Education - Elderly
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Upper Level (Different Friend)
Connected Communities: Sports - Business - Elderly - Arts - Educational
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Weekday - Night Connection Scenario
Lower Level (Close Friend)
Connected Communties: Arts - Sports - Retail - Business
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Upper Level (Different Friend)
Connected Communities: Sports - Elderly
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Weekend - Morning Connection Scenario
Lower Level (Close Friend)
Connected Communties: Arts - Retail - Sports - Education
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Upper Level (Different Friend)
Connected Communities: Elderly - Sports - Business - Education - Arts
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Weekend - Afternoon Connection Scenario
Lower Level (Close Friend)
Connected Communties: Business - Retail - Sports - Elderly - Arts
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Upper Level (Different Friend)
Connected Communities: Arts - Education - Retail
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Weekend - Night Connection Scenario
Lower Level (Close Friend)
Connected Communties: Retail - Elderly - Sports
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Upper Level (Different Friend)
Connected Communities: Sports - Elderly - Business - Arts - Education - Retail
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Community Hall
Outdoor Spaces
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Indoor Spaces
Community Connection Modules
Indoor Spaces
Outdoor Spaces
5 - 8 people
Indoor Spaces and outdoor spaces are allocated in the respecitive buildings on both the lower and upper floors. These two types of spaces are concieved because communities like to meet up and gather at indoor and outdoor spaces, thus when connections bettween the buildings happen at these specific time periods, it offers additional spaces for people to meet and gather.
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Step by step Connection process:
Step 1
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Step 2
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Step 5
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Step 6
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Community Connection - Before
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Lower Floor Plan
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Community Connection - After
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Lower Floor Plan
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Section - before connection
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Section - after connection
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Elevation - before connection
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Elevation - after connection
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Density
30 Year Plan
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Every 10 years, the city will grow its population and density vertically during this respective time period. The population and density of the city will grow at the same amount of the current density every 10 years, however in order to avoid the relationships of both the ‘close and different friends’ getting congested and mixed around in the city, Community Spaces & Relationships will grow slower in 10 years by adding a minimal amount of density of the Community Hall every 10 years.
Others
Community
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Year 2021
Others
Community
Program DNA The Temporal City
Year 2031
Others
Community
Program DNA (ΔT)3
Year 2041
Others
Community
Program DNA The Temporal City
Year 2051
Others
Community
Program DNA (ΔT)3
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2021
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2031
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2041
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2051
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Architectural Drawings
& Precedents
Structure
Circulation core
Floor plate
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Circulation
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Blockouts - Tower 1
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Blockouts - Tower 2
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Blockouts - Tower 3
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Week 1 - 7 Early Explora
ation & Research
Week 2 - What is the City? What is time?
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What is a city? What is Time? Script Slide 1 Cities are lacking safety, accessibility and living solutions to make it a better city for the people. In this world, natural disasters have damages cities and were rebuilt that cost millions of dollars since not all governments are equipped to fund the process of post-disaster clean-up and rebuilding. Slide 2 Furthermore, the pandemic has caused residents of housing to be affected by the virus easily due to the way we are living in in terms of spatial and urban planning. Close contacts can be easily transmitted due to ventilation in buildings and transmit quick as ever due to this issue. Slide 3 Over the years, we have seen cities that have used materials that have a negative impact on the environment, The International Energy Agency says the building industry is responsible for about 40 percent of global carbon dioxide emissions through the construction, heating, cooling, and demolition of existing buildings, causing pollution. Slide 4 So, these problems came across my mind and this question arise: What does truly define a city? How could time respond in a city in an effective manner to help us function to the way we live, function, and protect the city, the people, and the environment? Slide 5 For me, a city is a living social organism that is sustainable, protective & adaptable to the way we live in a post-pandemic era, it needs to use sustainable materials that involves cost-effective construction, with the least possible greenhouse gas emissions seen considering the entire life cycle, and buildings that provide good health, where people thrive and where they achieve good productivity. Slide 6 The city transforms through time with the use of software and systems to control the people and the city, changing the way we live, travel and work in the city. Slide 7 - diagram Moreover, the city transforms through times of severe climate and must operate with a software and system that responds to natural disasters and protects not just people but the infrastructure of the city; When a natural disaster occurs, the city transforms with protective devices or structures in buildings to protect and shelter the people and the infrastructure during the ongoing event. Slide 8 – 2nd diagram Furthermore, the city needs to respond to quick scenarios in a post-pandemic era, where it needs the ability to be accessible yet functionable for people to reside and live in a post-pandemic era, where in residential units, functional spaces need to be adapted into situations during a future pandemic and need to operate by allowing for individuals with cases with internal containment while at the same time permitting the remainder of the occupants to function as normally as possible, resulting in isolation of that individual.
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Week 3 - Mining the City
These datasets were tested in grasshopper during the early weeks of explorations Most of the datasets were not used due to the changes in the scope of the project.
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Residential Apartment
1:10,000
1:10,000
House/Townhouse
Offices & Workplaces
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Community
1:10,000
1:10,000
Recreation
Offices & Workplaces
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Since the idea i was exploring was related to Covid and climate relationship bettween the city, these were one of the inital research data from BOM Melbourne data website.
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Working with Xinyun (Dorothy) as my partner for the assistance in scrapping these datasets, we started to test through mapping the data set from the data melbourne portal. However, these show poor graphic representations.
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Week 4 - Conflation
Pedestrian Count.
These datasets have been analyzed and conflated to the idea of the spread of COVID around the CBD.
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Walkablity
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Program Proximities bettween different programs in the city.
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The floor space area per use - in different programs in the city.
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Week 4 - Change over Time
these block studies show the different area of laneways and its floor surface area around the buildings.
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The proposed programs show the inital building studies showing the seperation of the programs during the pandemic.
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Programmatic Variations
The proposed programs shows the different relationships and densities for the pandemic city, where each of the the building iterations inlcude medical and rehab faclitiies for those that are isolating.
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Week 5 - Elasticity (10,20, 30 year)
These rule sets were used as a way to tackle the spread of the virus, furthermore giving flexiblity of spaces for people who are working from home. However, these rules were not used moving foward as it requires testing and apllication of the rule within the building.
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24 hour change within the building shows its vertical movemen way to speetrate programs at a specific time period.
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nt of programs and rooms in the building as a
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Revised Rules
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30 year Plan:
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Week 8 -13 Further Deve
elopment
Return Brief
Week 8 – Return Brief: Feedback from Panel & Tutors: •
Think about how the research (data & information) can influence the proposition of the city o How does it show into its form of the city?
•
Built form
Space etc.
Think also through the lens of small-scale typologies as well: o Research on shop houses across Melbourne or other places around the world o Comparing different scales of the city o How will these small typological spaces work?
•
Think about how the city will change when other viruses affect the daily lives of people in the city: o Eg. Ebola, MERS etc.
•
Think about temporal systems & infrastructures in your project
•
Research on other responses to COVID across the globe to give the topic more grass rooted.
Personal Feedback: If I am talking about an active, social 24-hour city in a pandemic-safe situation: • • • •
What’s the meaning behind it? How can it be formed into a rule? Or a program massing? What are the requirements? How can it be controlled with the programs? Etc.
Based from the return brief presented to Ian & David, they both suggested to move foward and step away from solving the problem of covid since the subject was too broad and can be contraversial at times. Therefore moving foward, it is better to think thoroughly how do these groups meet up when and where around the city.
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Development towards the final project
Sketching and brainstorimin
These drawings show the mech to connect the communities. Th ments and systems.
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ng on connecting the different communites.
hanical connections that will run through the city as a way hese were not used since its is lacking dynamic move-
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The Temporal City Ian Nazareth | David Schwarzman RMIT Architecture Semester 2 2021 https://www.temporal.city/