Why We Draw the Way We Draw | Lyons with John Paras by RMIT Architecture

RMIT Practice Research Elective Lyons John Paras - S3721323

“Why We Draw The Way We Draw”

Contents Part 1 - Introduction , Findings & Reflection : 3 - 14 Part 2 - ‘Contextualism’ : 16 - 39 Part 3 - Analyzing Lyons Drawings : 40 - 82 Part 4 - History of Drawing Genealogy Map : 83 -104

What is PRE? Research into Practice, and the work that is done, An outsiders view into life at firms that have contributed to the design culture at RMIT Cataloging/Defining Professorial Practice work from an RMIT Students Point of view

Why do Architects Draw “Why we draw the way we draw” the name that this PRE is understanding the threads of practice This pre is understanding drawing Who architects draw for Why we draw the way we draw Understanding communication How a drawing influences the design process How drawing design influences built outcome

Why are Drawings Important

Drawings in the Practice of architecture are essential in delivering built outcomes for those involved in understanding how to construct a design. Representing thematics and conveying design from the initial sketch to the thematics and pre drafting. Lyons draws from a selection of 5/6 drawing types that being Sketch,Plan,Section,Axo/Iso,Diagrams & Visualization Drawings.

Observations on Lyons Lyons current Drawing Styles drastically vary from direct ideographs to highly technical sketches to represent detailing to basic ideographs, conventional renders to more abstract spatial diagrams. Lyons is an ideas practice - their drawings at a glance represent architectural moves through their drawings but as you synthesize and filter their drawings the degrees of embedded ideas and nuance come out.

Some works by Lyons

Project Overview In your own words what is the intent of the Practice Research Elective is, how it work over the semester.? The Intent of the PRE at Lyons this semester was to Look at and analyze Lyons Drawings and Lyons drawing Against collateral drawings ( Historical/Architectural) Was it conducted face to face in the office or online? Lyons PRE was conducted online throughout Semester 2 2021. Were there office graphic templates that you used through the semester? There were no office graphic templates that I used, only Lyons Drawings and Historical Research that I uncovered. Who was involved in the day to day running of the elective in the office? Sam Hunter & Jarrod Malbon Organized Weekly Meetings from weeks 2-14 Did you present to external consultants, authorities or clients, internal office presentation to working groups? The Research was Presented to, Helen Duong, Adam Pustola( Senior Executive & Principal at Lyons) and Stella Skoumbridis Were you exposed to office procedures, filing, standards and methods? No, I was not exposed to any office procedures

Research Agenda - Understanding Common Threads within Lyons Work - Considering Lyons Drawing - Historical Appreciation : Drawing/Colour/ideograms and Plotting them in History -Integrating Lyons work into Historical Timeline - Representing Common Threads

Research Timeline

Questions for Research - What are the Common Threads between Lyons Projects? - And how are Common Threads Conveyed across Drawing Conventions? -Similar Across Other Drawings that are not Architectural - Where Do Lyons Fit in History of Drawing? - What Drawing Conventions successfully convey ideas through their type? - The Language associated with Researching Drawing Types - Separating the Drawing from the Project, specifically talking about “how the Drawing” conveys and idea from “the idea conveyed through” a final outcome?

Findings Lyons Drawing Styles are:

as a result of Historical Lineages tracing back to 40,000 BC as a result of Contextualizing their projects as a result of Who they are drawing for as a result of the narrative threads they pursue in their works this is interseting as the ideals of Lyons in their pursuit for architecture directly mold the drawings that they produce per project

Reflection How did you find working with the practice? What did you learn? What worked and what didn’t? Were you exposed to other consultants, clients, internal presentations? Did you learn about presenting data visualization and graphics to clients, consultants and other architects? Yes ,Presenting the Drawings visually was one of the main task for this PRE Did you learn about analytical diagramming and mapping? Yes ,The 4 Threads diagrams were part of creating drawings/diagrams to represent ideas and the Historical Genealogy map Did you learn about policy, research papers and media? No i Did not learn about the following Did you do interviews/meetings with stakeholder consultants and practitioners No i did not do any of the above Did you do reflection and analysis on post occupancy surveys, life cycle assessments and finished projects. No i did not

Reflection Did you test new software and technology on real projects? No i did not do the above Did you develop writing and presentation skills for the industry? I Developed more concise research and presentation skills, making sure that i had to present and go through the work at certain intervals so the presentation did not drag over the presentation time limit. Were you exposed to office procedures, filing, standards and methods? No i did not What did you discover about practice research in this context that you would not be exposed to in normal employment? I was exposed to the different drawing types and how the drawings communicate ideas and nuance that i don’t think would be as much of a focus on during working at practice as due to the developmental constraints on projects How would these learnings be useful to you in future of research and practice work? These learnings of analyzing and picking apart drawings will definitely help me in my future as I finish y masters program and then enter into practice

Part 2 - Contextualism

The Intial Sketch

Further Development Drawings for Country

Technical Sketches

Functional sketches for technical user groups

Communicating with Proccess Conceptual Drawings for Academics

Communicating with Executive Clients 3 Dimensional Representation for Executive Clients

Communicating with Builders Construction Drawings for the Builders

The Collection of Research for Synthesis

Yagan Square

Fintona Girls School

Royal Hobart Hospital

Andrew N. Liveris Building

Koorie Heritage Trust

NUspace

The Drawing Collateral that im researching NuSpace

Koorie Heritage

Yagan Square

University of Queensland Royal Hobart

Fintona Girls School

The Shared Idea of Context

Drawing & Context

How do the Drawings fit into its Context? Contextualism, or contextual architecture, is a process in architectural ideas are formed in response to specific urban/natural environments physical & metaphysical current of history contexts. Rather than being an architectural style, Contextualism can be seen as a set of values that incorporate, not only the immediate/wider context, Existing or Historical into architectural design.

Contextualism

Vernacular

Regional Architecture

Critical Regionalism

Contextualism can be sub categorised in my head into there categories Vernacular, Regional Architecture and Critical regionalism , these are well documented, these are not new ideas but in my research, these would apply to Lyons drawings such as Fintona, Yagan and Koorie Heritage these fit neatly into them.

Contextualism

Vernacular

Regional Architecture

Critical Regionalism

Fintona Girls School

Yagan Square

Koorie Heriatge Trust

Brick facade as part of existing built school

Displaying/Showcasing of Local art/information

Punctre of veil to Saint Pauls Cathedral

but in my research, these would apply to Lyons drawings such as Fintona, Yagan and Koorie Heritage these fit neatly into them.

The Metaphorpical Context and the Physical Context overlap and create a design response through drawing.

Contextualism in Selected Works

Landscape Context

School Motto Context

Contextualism in Selected Works

Existing Historical Context

User Oriented Context

4 Branches - Ive Found in Lyons work that Feed Into Contextualism

Contextualism

Threading

Tectonic Landscapes

Imprints

Tectonic Landscapes: strata, beddings, layers, natural & manmade

Abstracted Semiotics

1.Threading

Culture Art

The City Landscapes

Threading: of context, histories, existing and forgotten, culture, local and wider references

2.Tectonic Landscapes

Tectonic Landscapes: strata, beddings, layers, natural & manmade

3.Abstracted Semiotics Abstract to Cells

Abstracted semiotics: reforming, abstraction, exaggeration, pixelation & spatial

4.Imprints

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Imprints: the context around or context of on its outcome, imprints on drawing and imprints through drawing

Analysis of Commonalities through Drawings

Fintona Girls School

University of Queensland

Yagan Square

Royal Hobart Hospital Koorie Heritage

NuSpace

With the 4 threads as filters to analyse commonalities through drawing.

Comparing Lyons Drawing to Collateral drawings Differences Similarites

Then Comparing different drawing collaterals for commonalities

Part 3 - Analyzing Lyons Drawings

Royal Hobart Hospital

Large

University of Queensland

Yagan Sqaure

Medium

NuSpace

Koorie Heritage Small

Fintona Girls

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Mid Year

Present

Culture Art

The City Landscapes

1. Threading

Threading Drawing Types Diagram

Sketch

Plan

Section

Diagrammatic

Axo/iso

Threading Historical Context

LEFT: The drawing shows Threading new Song lines being drawn into space,being pulled into it RIGHT : Conveying that the threading does not just stop at the project but is Pulled Through into fed square

Exploded axo/iso allows the idea of Threading Connections to History and Formal Connections , as showing the formal space allowing for understanding of these threaded Stories and Connection through the built environment The Ephemeral and Literal Threading

Threading User Context

Drawing shows Individual Threads/components modern day student experience, being picked out from an average student

DIAGRAMS: like this best convey the idea as a way of representation of ideas that would be harder to convey through a detailed plan or render as those drawing types show spatial qualities more then thematic concepts , the drawing does represent the metaphysical

space of a students perspective

Threading Fabric Facades

The drawing conveys set threading through historical precedents then taking a similar topology of precedents breaking it down to basic shapes and colour to form a facade

as a sequence of information/ideas the literal threading constructing a quilt , to a quilted squares then as quilting as a massing allows for this idea that the facade is a quit within itself as a representation from history to modern context , is best conveyed through this sequence.

Threading Views & Sitelines

Threading through local landmarks as

points being threaded through and out windows to form sight lines

This context plan best conveys the ideas at the points of reference in relation to the side are represented clearly acting as reference points to form sight lines from the site as being

pulled in and out

Threading Land & Sky

The drawing conveys threading through written annotation and layering representation

Sketch as threading these ideas in an more expression of the qualities and ideas of strata - the land and the vertical tower , of these spar like structure as reeds growing up from the ground from roots as drawing on nutrients from immediate context.

Threading Built Form

Threading conveyed through two separated

spaces being joined by a new space between the two levels.

Section as conveying that threading doesn’t show the extended threading to federation square but as the literal threading of connection , the section with the occupied spaces to stitch the new proposed section into joining the separated layers of space.

Comparison #1 Threading as story & connection

the ephemeral and literal threading just stop at the project but is pulled through into Fed Square

Threading as hidden narrative

The painting alludes to the love affair between the Tang emperor Xuanzong

Comparison #2 Threading a Student experience

drawing shows individual threads/components modern day student experience, being picked out from an average student

Threading as cultural trends/normalities

Richard Hamilton, John McHale, Just what is it that makes today’s homes so different, so appealing? 1956, collage, (one of the earliest works to be considered Pop Art)

Comparison #3 Threading as Land/Sky

sketch as threading these ideas in an more expression of the qualities and ideas of strata - the land and the vertical tower , of these spar like structure as reeds growing up from the ground from roots as drawing on nutrients from immediate context.

Threading as Eclectic Refrences

Edmond& Corrigans Building 8 Threads multiple References Historic and Current ofr the time such as oriel bays, polychromy, narrative and symbolic intention of a Victorian University, and then, to the Darth Vader exhaust hoods

2. Tectonic Landscapes

Tectonic Landscapes Drawing Types Sketch

Plan

Unfolded Facade Wrapping

Diagram

Tectonics as Representation of Land/ Sky

The idea of tectonic landscapes is conveyed through envelope wrapping of a lift core separating two different programmatic areas being gathering as a public realm and sky as a private office space

The unfolded facade of the lift core best represents the idea as a separation between the different landscape. The gathering as earth and the separated sky of the office space.

Tectonics as Reflection of Landscape

The idea of tectonic landscapes is conveyed through a comparison between applying site specific landscape colours projected on a facade as an Interpretation of Landscape

Comparative drawing best represents tectonic landscapes as a full facade as a mirror image/ reflection of the landscape surrounding the site, like mapping points of content to the facade

Tectonics as Strata

Idea of Tectonic Landscapes is conveyed the sketch, as bedding/strata layers as a core sample in the top left and have been stretched and pulled to form an elevation

Sketch as an driving device forming an initial Strata layer , these layers of materials and dimensional l references for laying form this artificial manufactured bedding layer , the sketch best shows this in reference to what the material is and then as an overall from, for an elevation that has been uprooted by a tectonic

shift

Tectonics as Place in Landscapes

The idea of tectonic landscapes is conveyed through sequential plans showing the placement of the site through history

The overlayed site plans convey the idea of tectonic landscapes as showing its placement and representing that world changing around the site

Comparison#1

Tectonics as Reflection

Tectonics as Modulation

This comparative drawing best represents tectonic landscapes as a full facade as a mirror image/reflection of the landscape surrounding the site , like mapping points of content to the facade

Pirenesi conveyed tectonics landscapes from existing and fictional etchings, the use of combinations of architectural elements stitched and blended creating make belief landscapes in-

Comparison#2 tectonics as layers of earth

Idea of Tectonic Landscapes is conveyed the sketch, as bedding/strata layers as a core sample in the top left and have been stretched and pulled to form an elevation

tectonics as collage

Bilbao created this collage for upcoming hotel project Staterra, through the use of collage creating a blended landscape of man made within more natural materials theres an almost ruin like appearance as these structures have existed for a long time by a culture that doesn’t exist anymore , the weathering and the ruin

Comparison#3 tectonics as representation of land and sky

The idea of tectonic landscapes is conveyed through envelope wrapping of a lift core separating two different programmatic areas being gathering as a public realm and sky as a private office space

tectonics as Erosion

Zaha Hadid Architects impact of erosion on the landscape. Sediment and top soil layers f the result of which, we can observe as undulations and distortions in the initial sediment layers to become waves over the design of the surface skin of this building.. the act of erosion formong a facadce wraping

Comparison #4 Tectonics through historical site changes

The idea of tectonic landscapes is conveyed through sequential plans showing the placement of the site through history

Tectonics as existing infrastructure and

networks

Atelier Bow Wows approach to landscape tectonics is looking at networks of construction and existing infrastructure condensed from the existing scale to form this landscape

3.Abstracted Semiotics

Abstracted Semiotics drawing types Diagram Sketch

Iterative Diagram

Diagram

Sequential Diagram

Semiotics Abstraction to Facade

Abstraction of Semiotics is conveyed through image processing/sampling of existing context to create an envelope for Fintona Girls School The Drawing is a Prime example of Abstraction of Semiotics taking a detail and then blowing up to form a facade wrapping

Semiotics as Reforming

Abstraction of Semiotics is conveyed through pulling apart and Reforming of a swans wing structure in shape and Exaggerated proportions to from a interactive water pond

The Diagram best represents this as the more individual elements in relation to their precedent as a way of displaying the abstraction of semiotics through design

Semiotics as Exaggeration

Abstraction of Semiotics is Graphical and Exaggeration through the sketch , the reeds of the tower dwarf the sketch of a strata massing,

The sketch best represents this idea as a concept initial form referencing the sky and Earth as the vertical tower acts as a linkage between to the two . seeing the reeds penetrate into the Ground showing that there sketches does not stop when it hits the ground plane

Semiotics as Image to Facade

Abstraction of Semiotics is conveyed through pixelating a geological image to a glazed facade system as sequential diagram of sand to glass. The sequential drawings best represent the idea of literal abstraction as a process for Lyons

Semiotics as Latin Motto to Facade

Abstraction of Semiotics is conveyed

through converting Latin Motto phrase into binary text then using the binary conversion as basis for facade treatment

age quod agis meaning “ do what you are doing : concentrate on the task at hand” used through the drawing as a modulation , the drawing is acting in the schools principals through design and the facade takes on this role of adhering to the school

Comparison #1

Semiotics from Exaggerated Proportions

Semiotics from individual Elements

Abstraction of Semiotics is graphical and exaggeration through the sketch , the reeds of the tower dwarf the sketch of a strata massing,

Abstraction of Semiotics is graphical and experimental as form and articulation drawings with extreme perspective of unrealistic structures, the drawings similarity of graphical expression as a comparison , one in sketch and one as a finished drawing

Comparison #2

Semiotics from Binary Code

Semiotics from DNA CODE

Abstraction of Semiotics of schools ethics converted to binary code and then used as a facade system .

Peter Eisenman, Biozentrum, Schematic representation of a DNA sequence

Comparison #3 Semiotics from Reforming

Abstraction of Semiotics is conveyed through pulling apart and remodulating of a swans wing structure in shape and exaggerated proportions to from a interactive water pond

72 Semiotics from Obscure Sculpture

Abstraction of Semiotics through Clifford Lasts, heretic object, use of masculine and feminine forms and articulation left purposely obscure , and are up to interpretation instead of a clearly abstraction

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4.Imprints

Imprints drawing types Sketch

Diagram

Plan

Diagram

Elevation

Imprints as Road Grid onto Facade

Imprint drawn through weighting of local

grid system heat mapped and used as ornamental device for facade system double layered as facade system is broken up by another grid pattern

Of drawings best showcase the historical imprinting from the immediate context of the site to then form a facade pattern and then onto using a grid system which the facade panels are based off to double imprint grid onto of grid

Imprints as Facade Screen

Imprint conveyed through an outline of a willow gum framing a view to built post colo-

nial context as an aperture surrounded by natural flora context of site

Comparative drawing best shows this as the effect and weighting of importance of the willow gum to form a screen system thats ten punctured by the contextual weighting of st Paul’s cathedral through Koorie heritage facade

Imprints as Spitting Site

Imprint as the existing and the intervention, as a direct linear line is imprinting a directionally for the intervention that on plan is being broken up by existing context.

The plan best describes the imprinting as the direct influence from the existing building is forcing an imprinted split through the site area to break it up.

Imprints as Broadcasting information

Imprint conveyed through radial tower as a landmark and sound waves impacting

and traveling over immediate context , the imprint is more of a communicative signal then directly imprinting on context, the tower is imprinting on surroundings

The sketch best represents this idea as a concept radial tower broadcasting over and into context, as a physical and metaphysical

Imprints as Algorithmic/ Fractal facade

Imprints through using algorithmic rules

to define a pattern thats then reformed to a 2d line work being projected as brick work for facade treatment

Best shows this idea of algorithms then acting as a way to imprint itself on a facade of Fintona Girls School , as that the spatial Fractals& Algorithms wrap the building was the starting point for this recursive and fractal algorithm which has grown and to be used imprinted itself on the facade

Comparison #1 Imprints as Immediate Context

Imprint drawn through weighting of local grid system heat mapped and used as ornamental device for facade system double layered as facade system is broken up by another grid pattern

Imprints as Contextual Diaspora

Imprint drawn through placing/reference to immediate and wider context placed throughout length on the site, the physical and diaspora

Comparison #2 Imprints as Natural Punctures

Imprint conveyed through an outline of a willo gum framing a view to built post colonial context as an aperture surrounded by natural flora context of site

Imprints as Projection

Imprint Done through direct projection of context onto facade of building MVRDV used local built environment to project detailed replication on the northern Building of the Indoor Entertainment spaces

Comparison #3 Imprints as Splitting

Imprint as the existing and the intervention, as a direct linear line is imprinting a directionally for the intervention that on plan is being broken up by existing context.

Imprints as Effecting

The Presidential Symphony Concert Hall lies in the heart of the city, right in the middle of an axis connecting the historic Ankara Castle and Anıtkabir, the Mausoleum of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk

Part 4 - History of Drawing Genealogy Map

Why is Drawing as a Genealogy Important?

Lyons into a genealogy map I was interested in understanding, how it come to be that Lyons uses 5 or 6 drawing types that look like understand the influences over a very distant timeline and look at the degrees of drawing, is there a way to look at the Chinese dynasty

Historical Drawing Collection

Found collection of historic references can be broken down into three catergories

Colour - Red ,Green & Blue

Ideograms/Pictograms/Anime/Cartoons

Drawing

Cave Marking to CAD Drawing

What are the Lineages from Cave to CAD?

Lyons Drawing to Cave Marking

What are the Lineages from Lyons to Cave?

Lyons Within History Y = Time History

LYONS

X = Collateral of History Then using this historical drawing collateral and tracing it back through history with lyons Integrated

Origin Point

Aboriginal rock art, Ubirr Art Site, Kakadu National Park, Australia, ca. 40,000 B.C.E. Chauvet Cave in southern France date from around 32,000-30,000 B.C.Eto timeline

Ochre is the earliest known pigment used by humans to paint our world--perhaps as long ago as 300,000 years. then out to link to timeline Umber is a natural mixture of iron and manganese oxides and hydroxides. Used throughout history, it has earthtones from cream to brown depending on the amount of iron and manganese compound

Limestone is a rock derived from marine ooze and largely composed of fossil remains of unicellular algae. Mineral: calcite

the cave painting at Lascaux is most likely to date back to about 15,000-17,000 BCE

Drawings for practicality, proposed that painted animals were meant to magically attract the actual animals they represent, the better animals for humans to hunt and eat them

Bone black is blue-black in color and fairly smooth in texture and also denser than lamp black. It contains about 10% carbon, 84% calcium phosphate and 6 % calcium carbonate. It is made from charring of bones or waste

Pigments used in the application of these drawings

Lineage and Network Begins The Origin Point, Cave Markings and Pigments formed the origin of drawing as we know it from 40,000 bc

Drawing as Genealogy Map

Drawing as Genealogy Map F

)

The Starting Point

1996 Lyons Founded

Royal Hobart Hospital

University of Queensland

Yagan Sqaure NuSpace

Koorie Heritage

Fintona Girls

2014

threads into lyons then out to link to timeline

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Mid Year

Present

All NETWORKS Present

Present

Bilbao created this collage for upcoming hotel project Staterra

2020

2020 Marshall Brown, an Associate Professor at the Princeton University School of Architecture,h as been producinga provocatives erieso f post-wara rchitecturec ollagess ince 2013.

Herzog & de Meuron, Elbphilharmonie, 2016, computer software

May 24, 2005 Grasshopper (software)

2010

Julie Mehretu - Empirical Construction, Istanbul, 2004,

Rhino version 1.0 released.

2000 election, when calling a state for either candidate was a long and suspenseful process, that a standard color scheme developed across th e board Redw as assigned to Republican candidate George W Busha nd blue to theD emocratic candidate Al Gore “Reds tates” and “blue states”

2010

DISPERSION Julie Mehretu 2002

Copic was developed and launched in 1987 as the next generation graphic marker to meet the needs of professional designers ShoeiYoh +A rchitectsO dawara MunicipalS portsC omplex OdawaraK anagawaJ apan:C omputer-generatedi mageso fd eformation of roof 199

2000

7/9 Zaha Hadid, Leisure Club, 1982, coloured pencil and paint on paper. [Photo: © 2018 Zaha Hadid Peter Eisenman, Eisenman/Robertson Architects, Biozentrum, Biology Center for the J.W. Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany: Schematic representation of a DNA sequence (detail), 1987. Peter Eisenman fonds, CCA Collection

972 MAGI SythaVisionw as used in them akingo ft he 1982 move Tron

Frank O. Gehry & Associates, Inc. Lewis Residence, Lyndhurst, Ohio: Fish, Geometrical frame of the conservatory from Catia 3D model, 1989-1995

1983 when ChesterC arlson invented the electrophotographic dryp rintingp rocess knowna sa Xerox

1980

1980 n 1974, the United States Department of Transportation (DOT) recognized the shortcomings of pictograms drawn on an ad hoc basis across the United States Interstate Highway System and commissioned the American Institute of Graphic Arts to produce a comprehensive set of pictograms. In collaboration with Roger Cook and Don Shanosky of Cook and Shanosky Associates,

Roy Lichtenstein, Artist’s Studio—the Dance (sketch), 1974, colored pencils and graphite on pape

The standard international stop sign, following the Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals of 1968

ResearchGate Timothy Johnson, Sketchpad III System, MIT 1963

1960

1950

Josef Frank’s concept for a Town for 2000 Families, aerial perspective, c. 1950

1950

Dom-Ino House by Le Corbusier

1940

A scrapbook album created in the 1950s-1960s containing photographs as old as the early 1900s

In the early 1940s, cyanotype blueprint began to be supplanted by diazo prints, also known as whiteprints.

In 1944, Walter J. De Groft patented a "marking pen"

Pablo Picasso, Man with Ice-Cream Cone, 1938, ink on paper

Swiss Pavilion / Le Corbusier 1930

Architectural compositions by Iakov Chernikhov, 1924-1931

He came up with the notion of an improvisational architecture, which would be in a constant state of construction dismantling, and reassembly. He thought of the building as a skeletal framework, within which enclosures such as theatres, cinemas, restaurants, workshops, rally areas, can be assembled,m oved,r e-arrangeda nd scrappedc ontinuously.

Guernica' by Pablo Picasso 1937 A third year architectural student's drawing from sometime in the 1930s.

1940

Steamboat Willie Release Date: November 18, 1928

Front elevation of the A.B. Tillinghast Residence in Toledo, Ohio, approximately 1900

Firsta rt colorp encils were invented and producedi n 1924 by Faber-Castella nd Carand 'Ache.

1920

1920 'Proun Vrashchenia' by El Lissitzky, 1919

Fantasmagorie ReleaseD ate: August 17, 1908

MoMA Vincent van Gogh. The Starry Night. Saint Rémy, June 1889 . In his painting “The Japanese Bridge,” 1899

1900

1900 Pelikan symbol evolution from 1878 to 1962

London Building Act of 1844

Optimal-grinding engine model (1822), drawn in 30° isometric

Hermann Eggert (1844-1920) Großes Gewächshaus An imagined view of the Bank of England in ruins by Joseph Gandy, 1830. Sir John Soane's Museum, London

1850

Romanian Petrache Poenaru invented a fountain pen that used a quill as an ink reservoir. The French Government patented this in May 1827

1850

Bowman Flag 1806 depicts the emu and kangaroo as supporters

1800

18th-century example of collage art can be found in the work of Mary Delany

1800

The modern pencil was invented in 1795 by Nicholas-Jacques Conte,

Jean Nocholas Duran 1760

amuel Rudder, A New History of Gloucestershire. Cirencester, from the year 1779

The Prisons Series by Piranesi, 1750

1750

It's a cobalt oxide-aluminum oxide. Very costly and extraordinary stable pigment of pure blue colour discovered by Thénard in 1802.

Cenotaph for Newton by Etienne-Louis Boullée, 1754

1750

A 1684 depiction of Vitruvius (right) presenting De Architectura to Augustus

JAN 1, 1696 The Grote Market of Sint-Bavokerk, Haarlem

By Johannes Vermeer, and considered one of his masterworks, The Girl with a Pearl Earring is considered the 'Dutch Mona Lisa'

1700

Stilll ifew ithV enetiang lass,R ömer wine glassa nd a candlei sa Baroqueo il on canvas painting createdb yC lara Peetersi n1 607.

Palladio's plan of the Villa in I quattro libri dell'architettura, 1570

Fritillaria imperialis (Crown Imperial Lily) by Alexander Marshal (c.1620-1682)

beginning in around 1600, mon were adopted by all people in all social standings. The symbols were based on stylized depictions of plants or animals and typically contained within a circle

1650

1650 udith Beheading Holofernes is a Baroque oil on canvas painting created by Caravaggio from c.1598 to 1602

1600

1600 Plainr ed banners fort he Sultan'sr etinue From theT urkish CostumeB ookb yL ambert de Vos1 574

Donato Bramante (1444–1514), Study Drawing, Basilica di San Pietro, Rome, 1506

1500

Art Fix Daily Medieval 15th century watercolor and gouache on vellum will be featured at John McInnis' May

Leonardo da Vinci, Study of Horses, c. 1490 metalpoint on paper

1500

Studies for the Libyan Sibyl (recto); Studies for the Libyan Sibyl and a small Sketch for a Seated Figure (verso) ca. 1510–11

1550

Page from a 15th century illuminated manuscript depicting Saint Michael battling a demon

Design Fragment for the Left Side of the 'Fonte Gaia' in Siena 1415–16

Pietro Perugino's use of perspective in Delivery of the Keys (1482), a fresco at the Sistine Chape

1450

1450 Hans Memling, Portrait of a Man with a Falcon, c. 1447, silverpoint

During the 15th century, Jan van Eyck, a famous Belgian painter developed oil painting by mixing linseed oil and oil from nuts with diverse colors

christ Before Caiphas Giotto c. 1305

1400

Watercolor came to western artists in the late 1400s. Artists had to formulate, prepare and grindt heir ownw atercolorp aint andt ended to keep theirs ecretr ecipes andm ethods to themselves

1400

In the 15th century, the devil was green, as depicted by Michael Pacher in this Saint Wolfgang panel (1471-1475, Alte Pinakothek, Munich

1400

1400 In they ear 1346 Englishh orsesi nt he HundredYears’Warc arried thei mperialb rand (later known as thek ing’sm ark

Villard de Honnecourt (more correctly, an album or portfolio) dates to about c.1225-1235

1350

1350 Roman Catholic Popes wear red as the symbol of the blood of Christ. This is Pope Innocent III, in about 1219.

1300

1250

1250 Vishnu with His Consorts, Lakshmi and Sarasvati 11th–12th century

1200

Looking in a Mirror by an Ornamental Box Wang Shên (c. 1036–c. 1093) Southern Sung dynasty National Palace Museum of Taipei, Taipei

The Drunken Monk, Li Gonglin, Chinese, ca. 1049 – 1106, Southern Song Dynasty, ink and color on paper

Mancicni Family Crested dated to 12 century

1200

Talismanic Scroll 11th century

1150

Plaque with the Pentecost ca 1150–75

1100

Detail of theo riginalv ersion of Along theR iver During theQ ingmingF estivala ttributedt o Zhang Zeduan( 1085–1145)

1050

The Plan of Saint Gall is a medieval architectural drawing of a monastic compound dating from 820–830 AD

1000

Icon with Saint Demetrios 950–1000

Plaque with Christ Receiving Magdeburg Cathedral from Emperor Otto I ca. 962–968

950

950 Vessel with Seated Lord 7th–8th century

900

The earliest dated example of woodblock printing, and the earliest surviving dated complete book, was published in China on May 11, 868. 850

850

800

Drawing of a Coptic Saint 6th–7th century

750

750 Buddhist images painted in the central Afghan region, dated to around 650 AD,

700

700 Empress Theodora and her retinue, mosaic, 6th century

650

600

Panel with Winged Figures 5th century

Khan Academy Severan marble plan (Forma Urbis Romae

550

In 431, the Catholic Church assigned color to its various saints, with Mary the mother of Jesus receiving thec olor of blue (a zurite).B luew as an expensivea nd rare dye, perfectf or religiousu se.O ver

500

4th Century page of Codex Vaticanus

Greek monogram

Russian icon (mid 14th century), Novgorod

450

400

400 Bowl Fragments with Menorah, Shofar, and Torah Ark 300–350 Altar ca. 232

350

350 300

300

Shroud ca. A.D. 125

250

200

200 Ceramics of the Han Dynasty

150

100

50 300s BC Aristarchus calculatest he relative sizeso ft he Earth, Suna nd Moon.B elow a 10thc entury AD copy

0. AD

50 A carving of the Tower of Babel has been found on a stone tablet dating back to 489 bc

100

100 gyptian hieroglyphs are a writing system used by the Ancient Egyptians, that contained a combination of logographic, alphabetic, and ideographic elements. Hieroglyphs emerged from the preliterate artistic traditions of Egypt.

150

200

250

300

The Berlin Painter Ganymede, 500-490 B.C. 350

350 Panel painting of a woman in a blue mantle

400

450

500

500 550

550 World History Encyclopedia Alexander Mosaic, c.100 B.C.E.

600

650

700

700 the Code of Hammurab

750

800

850

900

900 Tyrian purple is a pigment made from the mucus of several species of Murex snail. Production of Tyria np urplef or usea sa fabric dyeb egan as earlya s 1200 BCE by theP hoenicians,a nd wasc ontinued by theG reeks andR omansu ntil 1453 CE

950

950 Minoan art is the art produced by the Minoan civilization from about 2600 to 1100 BC.

1000

1250

First plan discovered The statue of Gudea,Ruler of Lagash mesopotamia(c.2200 BCE) Yello ocre , used for it yellow and brown tones was comnoly used within classical greece, the best quality yellow ochre was found in cyprus)

1500

Kermes is a red dye derived from the dried bodies of the females of a scale insect in

2000

Egyptian tombstones depicting animals with brands date back to as early as 3000 BC

2500

2500 In ancient Egypt, green was the symbol of regeneration and rebirth. They tried using the copper mineral malachite to paint on tomb walls,

A Chinese character is a logogram used in writing Chinese, Japanese and Korean . Its possible precursors appeared as early as 8000 years ago, and a complete writing system in Chinese characters was developed 3500 years ago in China, making it perhaps the oldest surviving writing system. Chinese characters are derived directly from individual pictograms or combinations of pictograms and phonetics igns

3000 5,000

3000

2000

5,000

the cave painting at Lascaux is most likely to date back to about 15,000-17,000 BCE

10,000

15,000

Bone black is blue-black in color and fairly smooth in texture and also denser than lamp blac k. It contains about 10% carbon, 84% calcium phosphate and 6 % calcium carbonate. It is made from charring of bones or waste ivory.

Limestone is a rock derived from marine ooze and largely composed of fossil remains of unicellular algae. Mineral: calcite

20,000

Ochre is the earliest known pigment used by humans to paint our world--perhaps as long ago as 300,000 years

Umber is a natural mixture of iron and manganese oxides and hydroxides . Used throughout history, it has earthtones from cream to brown depending on the amount of iron and manganese compound

30,000

Chauvet Cave in southern France date from around 32,000-30,000 B.C.E

30,000

Carbon black was used as a pigment since very earliest times. Aboriginal rock art, Ubirr ArtS ite, Kakadu National Park,A ustralia, ca. 40,000 B.C.E

40 000 ,

DRAWING Present

Present

Collage as Presentation drawing

Construction Plan

Scrapbooking

Bilbao created this collage for upcoming hotel project Staterra

2020

2020 Marshall Brown, an Associate Professor at the Princeton University School of Architecture,h as been producinga provocatives erieso f post-wara rchitecturec ollagess ince 2013.

Herzog & de Meuron, Elbphilharmonie, 2016, computer software

Collage Experimentation

BIM

Parametrics

May 24, 2005 Grasshopper (software)

Rhino version 1.0 released.

2010

Julie Mehretu - Empirical Construction, Istanbul, 2004,

2010

DISPERSION Julie Mehretu 2002

Lyons Founded Documentation Computer Aided

Copic was developed and launched in 1987 as the next generation graphic marker to meet the needs of professional designers

2000

Reversion to hand Painting

ShoeiYoh +A rchitectsO dawara MunicipalS portsC omplex OdawaraK anagawaJ apan:C omputer-generatedi mageso fd eformation of roof 199

Geneomic Design Drawing

Complex Modeling

2000

Peter Eisenman, Eisenman/Robertson Architects, Biozentrum, Biology Center for the J.W. Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany: Schematic representation of a DNA sequence (detail), 1987. Peter Eisenman fonds, CCA Collection

972 MAGI SythaVisionw as used in them akingo ft he 1982 move Tron

Frank O. Gehry & Associates, Inc. Lewis Residence, Lyndhurst, Ohio: Fish, Geometrical frame of the conservatory from Catia 3D model, 1989-1995

1983 when ChesterC arlson invented the electrophotographic dryp rintingp rocess knowna sa Xerox

Primal Shapes

1980

Roy Lichtenstein, Artist’s Studio—the Dance (sketch), 1974, colored pencils and graphite on pape

The standard international stop sign, following the Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals of 1968

ResearchGate Timothy Johnson, Sketchpad III System, MIT 1963

CAD/CAD

1960

1950

White Print

Worms Eye/Extreme Perspective

In 1944, Walter J. De Groft patented a "marking pen"

1960

Josef Frank’s concept for a Town for 2000 Families, aerial perspective, c. 1950

1950

Dom-Ino House by Le Corbusier

1940

A scrapbook album created in the 1950s-1960s containing photographs as old as the early 1900s

In the early 1940s, cyanotype blueprint began to be supplanted by diazo prints, also known as whiteprints.

Modern Plan

Pablo Picasso, Man with Ice-Cream Cone, 1938, ink on paper

Swiss Pavilion / Le Corbusier 1930

Architectural compositions by Iakov Chernikhov, 1924-1931

He came up with the notion of an improvisational architecture, which would be in a constant state of construction, dismantling, and reassembly. He thought of the building as a skeletal framework, within which enclosures such as theatres, cinemas, restaurants, workshops, rally areas, can be assembled, moved, re-arranged and scrapped continuously.

Guernica' by Pablo Picasso 1937 A third year architectural student's drawing from sometime in the 1930s.

1940

Easier Replication of Drawings Steamboat Willie Release Date: November 18, 1928

Front elevation of the A.B. Tillinghast Residence in Toledo, Ohio, approximately 1900

Firsta rt colorp encils were invented and producedi n 1924 by Faber-Castella nd Carand 'Ache.

Expression of Structure

1920

'Proun Vrashchenia' by El Lissitzky, 1919

Fantasmagorie ReleaseD ate: August 17, 1908

MoMA Vincent van Gogh. The Starry Night. Saint Rémy, June 1889 . In his painting “The Japanese Bridge,” 1899

1900

The First Building Code

Pelikan symbol evolution from 1878 to 1962

London Building Act of 1844

Iso metrics , strict rules

Optimal-grinding engine model (1822), drawn in 30° isometric

Hermann Eggert (1844-1920) Großes Gewächshaus An imagined view of the Bank of England in ruins by Joseph Gandy, 1830. Sir John Soane's Museum, London

1850

Romanian Petrache Poenaru invented a fountain pen that used a quill as an ink reservoir. The French Government patented this in May 1827

1850

Bowman Flag 1806 depicts the emu and kangaroo as supporters

Collage of notes

Etchings

1800

18th-century example of collage art can be found in the work of Mary Delany

1800

The modern pencil was invented in 1795 by Nicholas-Jacques Conte,

Jean Nocholas Duran 1760

amuel Rudder, A New History of Gloucestershire. Cirencester, from the year 1779

The Prisons Series by Piranesi, 1750

1750

It's a cobalt oxide-aluminum oxide. Very costly and extraordinary stable pigment of pure blue colour discovered by Thénard in 1802.

Precursor to Blueprints

Cenotaph for Newton by Etienne-Louis Boullée, 1754

1750

Guide to Roman Architecure

A 1684 depiction of Vitruvius (right) presenting De Architectura to Augustus

JAN 1, 1696 The Grote Market of Sint-Bavokerk, Haarlem

By Johannes Vermeer, and considered one of his masterworks, The Girl with a Pearl Earring is considered the 'Dutch Mona Lisa'

1700

Stilll ifew ithV enetiang lass,R ömer wine glassa nd a candlei sa Baroqueo il on canvas painting createdb yC lara Peetersi n1 607.

Palladio's plan of the Villa in I quattro libri dell'architettura, 1570

Fritillaria imperialis (Crown Imperial Lily) by Alexander Marshal (c.1620-1682)

beginning in around 1600, mon were adopted by all people in all social standings. The symbols were based on stylized depictions of plants or animals and typically contained within a circle

Rules of Perspective

1650

udith Beheading Holofernes is a Baroque oil on canvas painting created by Caravaggio from c.1598 to 1602

1600

1600 Plainr ed banners fort he Sultan'sr etinue From theT urkish CostumeB ookb yL ambert de Vos1 574

Hybrid Drawing Donato Bramante (1444–1514), Study Drawing, Basilica di San Pietro, Rome, 1506

1500

Art Fix Daily Medieval 15th century watercolor and gouache on vellum will be featured at John McInnis' May

Leonardo da Vinci, Study of Horses, c. 1490 metalpoint on paper

1500

Studies for the Libyan Sibyl (recto); Studies for the Libyan Sibyl and a small Sketch for a Seated Figure (verso) ca. 1510–11

1550

Page from a 15th century illuminated manuscript depicting Saint Michael battling a demon

Perfect 1 Point Perspective

Design Fragment for the Left Side of the 'Fonte Gaia' in Siena 1415–16

Pietro Perugino's use of perspective in Delivery of the Keys (1482), a fresco at the Sistine Chape

1450

1450 Hans Memling, Portrait of a Man with a Falcon, c. 1447, silverpoint

1Pt christ Perspective Before Caiphas Giotto c. 1305 During the 15th century, Jan van Eyck, a famous Belgian painter developed oil painting by mixing linseed oil and oil from nuts with diverse colors

1400

Watercolor came to western artists in the late 1400s. Artists had to formulate, prepare and grindt heir ownw atercolorp aint andt ended to keep theirs ecretr ecipes andm ethods to themselves

1400

In the 15th century, the devil was green, as depicted by Michael Pacher in this Saint Wolfgang panel (1471-1475, Alte Pinakothek, Munich

1400

1400 In they ear 1346 Englishh orsesi nt he HundredYears’Warc arried thei mperialb rand (later known as thek ing’sm ark

Villard de Honnecourt (more correctly, an album or portfolio) dates to about c.1225-1235

Drawing through religion 1350

1350 Roman Catholic Popes wear red as the symbol of the blood of Christ. This is Pope Innocent III, in about 1219.

1300

1250

1250 Vishnu with His Consorts, Lakshmi and Sarasvati 11th–12th century

1200

Looking in a Mirror by an Ornamental Box Wang Shên (c. 1036–c. 1093) Southern Sung dynasty National Palace Museum of Taipei, Taipei

Isometric

The Drunken Monk, Li Gonglin, Chinese, ca. 1049 – 1106, Southern Song Dynasty, ink and color on paper

Mancicni Family Crested dated to 12 century

1200

Talismanic Scroll 11th century

1150

Plaque with the Pentecost ca 1150–75

1100

Isometric - Perspective Detail of theo riginalv ersion of Along theR iver During theQ ingmingF estivala ttributedt o Zhang Zeduan( 1085–1145)

1050

The Plan of Saint Gall is a medieval architectural drawing of a monastic compound dating from 820–830 AD

1000

Icon with Saint Demetrios 950–1000

Plaque with Christ Receiving Magdeburg Cathedral from Emperor Otto I ca. 962–968

950

950 Vessel with Seated Lord 7th–8th century

900

Crude Isometric Properties

The earliest dated example of woodblock printing, and the earliest surviving dated complete book, was published in China on May 11, 868. 850

850

First “modern Plan”

800

Drawing of a Coptic Saint 6th–7th century

750

750 Buddhist images painted in the central Afghan region, dated to around 650 AD,

700

First Exapmple of Isometric

Empress Theodora and her retinue, mosaic, 6th century

650

700

650

600

City Plan

Panel with Winged Figures 5th century

Khan Academy Severan marble plan (Forma Urbis Romae

550

500

4th Century page of Codex Vaticanus

Greek monogram

Russian icon (mid 14th century), Novgorod

450

400

400 Bowl Fragments with Menorah, Shofar, and Torah Ark 300–350 Altar ca. 232

350

350 300

300

Convergent Perspective

Shroud ca. A.D. 125

250

200

250

200 Ceramics of the Han Dynasty

150

Architectural Model

100

Crude 1Pt 50

50 300s BC Aristarchus calculatest he relative sizeso ft he Earth, Suna nd Moon.B elow a 10thc entury AD copy

0. AD

Distance, Size , Relation

50 A carving of the Tower of Babel has been found on a stone tablet dating back to 489 bc

100

150

200

“Tower of Bably” First Elevation

250

300

The Berlin Painter Ganymede, 500-490 B.C. 350

350 Panel painting of a woman in a blue mantle

400

450

500

500 550

550 World History Encyclopedia Alexander Mosaic, c.100 B.C.E.

600

650

700

700 the Code of Hammurab

750

800

850

900

950

950 Minoan art is the art produced by the Minoan civilization from about 2600 to 1100 BC.

1000

“Plan” Construction and Representa-

1250

First plan discovered The statue of Gudea,Ruler of Lagash mesopotamia(c.2200 BCE)

Yello ocre , used for it yellow and brown tones was comnoly used within classical greece, the best quality yellow ochre was found in cyprus)

1500

Kermes is a red dye derived from the dried bodies of the females of a scale insect in

Elevation

2000

Egyptian tombstones depicting animals with brands date back to as early as 3000 BC

2500 In ancient Egypt, green was the symbol of regeneration and rebirth. They tried using the copper mineral malachite to paint on tomb walls,

3000 5,000

“Cuniforms” The Trade of Good and Record-

3000

2500

5,000

the cave painting at Lascaux is most likely to date back to about 15,000-17,000 BCE

10,000

15,000

Bone black is blue-black in color and fairly smooth in texture and also denser than lamp blac k. It contains about 10% carbon, 84% calcium phosphate and 6 % calcium carbonate. It is made from charring of bones or waste ivory.

Elevation

Limestone is a rock derived from marine ooze and largely composed of fossil remains of unicellular algae. Mineral: calcite

20,000

Ochre is the earliest known pigment used by humans to paint our world--perhaps as long ago as 300,000 years

40 000

DRAWING

Chauvet Cave in southern France date from around 32,000-30,000 B.C.E

30,000

Carbon black was used as a pigment since very earliest times. Aboriginal rock art, Ubirr ArtS ite, Kakadu National Park,A ustralia, ca. 40,000 B.C.E

40 000 ,

30,000

Umber is a natural mixture of iron and manganese oxides and hydroxides . Used throughout history, it has earthtones from cream to brown depending on the amount of iron and manganese compound

Comparison : Plan

Constructional Plan

Le Corb Plan

Structural Plan

Thresholds Plan

8780

15215

MATHS CLASSROOM 1

7500

G.04

EXTENT OF FIRST FLOOR OVER SHOWN DASHED

BREAKOUT STUDY G.02

ENTRY

7500

3975

UP 1 2 3 4 5 6

RK WO

MATHS CLASSROOM 2

LIFT

G.05

(STORE UNDER STAIR)

4000

GE RA STO

200

H/ BENC

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

PHYSICS LAB & MAKER SPACE G.15

BREAKOUT STUDY

LINE OF VOID OVER

G.06

10200

200

ROOM SIZE OF MULTIPURPOSE TEACHING SPACE AT ARTS PRECINCT BUILDING WORK BENCH

7500

WORK BENCH/ STORAGE 6275

ENTRY

885

6100

1000

1100

1000

1100

3785

800

900

800

1680

BIOLOGY PREP

600

G.09

FUME CUP'D

FR/ FRZ OVEN

1200

1680

1200

1680

600

D/ W

1600

600

1200

W/ M

1980

695

INCB.

600

2225

1100

1500

700

865

590

1200

LAM. FLOW

1560

1600

300

6500

1680

1600

1200

1500

1680

3200

1200

210

1680

12600

1400

4000

1500

600

1550

600

FUME CUP'D

1295

1295 1145

550 1680

150 600

1400

550

1100

3065

1100

G.08

1400

G.11

1145

1550

1200

1800

600

2400

BIOLOGY LAB 1 BIOLOGY LAB 2

550

1300 1680

8400

2265

600 FUME CUP'D

1600

1200

1100 600 1100

13550

6745

1680

1500

2400

1100

1145

1400

600

2180

550

1145

550

FUME CUP'D

1100

STAIRS

600

1100

17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9

1100

LINE OF FIRST FLOOR OVER SHOWN DASHED

7900

8640 7265

8640

3000

1725

BOUNDARY

GROUND FLOOR PLAN SCALE 1:100@A2 09.04.19

Medium: Digital

Medium: Drawn on Paper

Medium: Parchment

Medium: Carved in Stone

Detail : Furniture, Compound Wall types, Dimensions, Symbols, Facade Level Projections , Clear hierarchy

Detail : Furniture, Walls, Symbols, Detail : Structure & Thresholds Detail : Thresholds Hierarchy is clear but not well defined

Comparison : Axo Isometric as mechanical assembly stricke rules established and taught as 30 Degrees

Lysons Exploded Axo ,The Ephemeral and Literal Threading

John Soane’s Bank of England Axo to interpret it as a visualisation of future ruin.

Looking in a Mirror by an Ornamental Box Wang Shên (c. 1036–c. 1093) Southern Sung dynasty National Palace Museum of Taipei, Taipei

The painting alludes to the love affair between the Tang emperor Xuanzong (r. 712–56) Museum of Taipei, Taipei Early Isometric

Comparison : Section

Stitching section

Volume Section

100

Structural Section

COLOUR RGB

“Green Space” Present

Present

Bilbao created this collage for upcoming hotel project Staterra

2020

2020 Marshall Brown, an Associate Professor at the Princeton University School of Architecture,h as been producinga provocatives erieso f post-wara rchitecturec ollagess ince 2013.

Herzog & de Meuron, Elbphilharmonie, 2016, computer software

May 24, 2005 Grasshopper (software)

Red vs Blue

Rhino version 1.0 released.

2010

Julie Mehretu - Empirical Construction, Istanbul, 2004,

2010

DISPERSION Julie Mehretu 2002

Lyons Founded

2000

972 MAGI SythaVisionw as used in them akingo ft he 1982 move Tron

Copic

Frank O. Gehry & Associates, Inc. Lewis Residence, Lyndhurst, Ohio: Fish, Geometrical frame of the conservatory from Catia 3D model, 1989-1995

1983 when ChesterC arlson invented the electrophotographic dryp rintingp rocess knowna sa Xerox

1980

Green and Gold

n 1974, the United States Department of Transportation (DOT) recognized the shortcomings of pictograms drawn on an ad hoc basis across the United States Interstate Highway System and commissioned the American Institute of Graphic Arts to produce a comprehensive set of pictograms. In collaboration with Roger Cook and Don Shanosky of Cook and Shanosky Associates,

Roy Lichtenstein, Artist’s Studio—the Dance (sketch), 1974, colored pencils and graphite on pape

The standard international stop sign, following the Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals of 1968

Communism

1960

Green Development

ResearchGate Timothy Johnson, Sketchpad III System, MIT 1963

1950

Josef Frank’s concept for a Town for 2000 Families, aerial perspective, c. 1950

1950

Dom-Ino House by Le Corbusier

1940

A scrapbook album created in the 1950s-1960s containing photographs as old as the early 1900s

Faber-Castell

1960

In the early 1940s, cyanotype blueprint began to be supplanted by diazo prints, also known as whiteprints.

In 1944, Walter J. De Groft patented a "marking pen"

Pablo Picasso, Man with Ice-Cream Cone, 1938, ink on paper

Constructivism

Acrylic

Architectural compositions by Iakov Chernikhov, 1924-1931

Swiss Pavilion / Le Corbusier 1930

Guernica' by Pablo Picasso 1937 A third year architectural student's drawing from sometime in the 1930s.

Supremacist

1940

Blue Print

Steamboat Willie Release Date: November 18, 1928

Front elevation of the A.B. Tillinghast Residence in Toledo, Ohio, approximately 1900

Firsta rt colorp encils were invented and producedi n 1924 by Faber-Castella nd Carand 'Ache.

1920

Faber-Castell

CMYK

'Proun Vrashchenia' by El Lissitzky, 1919

Fantasmagorie ReleaseD ate: August 17, 1908

1920

Poison MoMA Vincent van Gogh. The Starry Night. Saint Rémy, June 1889 . In his painting “The Japanese Bridge,” 1899

RGB 1900

1900 Pelikan symbol evolution from 1878 to 1962

London Building Act of 1844

Branding Optimal-grinding engine model (1822), drawn in 30° isometric

Hermann Eggert (1844-1920) Großes Gewächshaus An imagined view of the Bank of England in ruins by Joseph Gandy, 1830. Sir John Soane's Museum, London

1850

1800

Green and Gold

Pen

Romanian Petrache Poenaru invented a fountain pen that used a quill as an ink reservoir. The French Government patented this in May 1827

1850

Bowman Flag 1806 depicts the emu and kangaroo as supporters

Poison Anti Royalist 18th-century example of collage art can be found in the work of Mary Delany

Pencil

1800

The modern pencil was invented in 1795 by Nicholas-Jacques Conte,

Jean Nocholas Duran 1760

amuel Rudder, A New History of Gloucestershire. Cirencester, from the year 1779

Cyanotype

Poison The Prisons Series by Piranesi, 1750

1750

Cobalt Blue

Cenotaph for Newton by Etienne-Louis Boullée, 1754

1750

Gas Chamber It's a cobalt oxide-aluminum oxide. Very costly and extraordinary stable pigment of pure blue colour discovered by Thénard in 1802.

A 1684 depiction of Vitruvius (right) presenting De Architectura to Augustus

JAN 1, 1696 The Grote Market of Sint-Bavokerk, Haarlem

By Johannes Vermeer, and considered one of his masterworks, The Girl with a Pearl Earring is considered the 'Dutch Mona Lisa'

1700

Stilll ifew ithV enetiang lass,R ömer wine glassa nd a candlei sa Baroqueo il on canvas painting createdb yC lara Peetersi n1 607.

Sultan Red

Palladio's plan of the Villa in I quattro libri dell'architettura, 1570

Fritillaria imperialis (Crown Imperial Lily) by Alexander Marshal (c.1620-1682)

beginning in around 1600, mon were adopted by all people in all social standings. The symbols were based on stylized depictions of plants or animals and typically contained within a circle

1650

1650 udith Beheading Holofernes is a Baroque oil on canvas painting created by Caravaggio from c.1598 to 1602

1600

Islam

Plainr ed banners fort he Sultan'sr etinue From theT urkish CostumeB ookb yL ambert de Vos1 574

Donato Bramante (1444–1514), Study Drawing, Basilica di San Pietro, Rome, 1506

1500

Art Fix Daily Medieval 15th century watercolor and gouache on vellum will be featured at John McInnis' May

Leonardo da Vinci, Study of Horses, c. 1490 metalpoint on paper

1500

The Church

1550

1450

1500

Developed Oil Paints Studies for the Libyan Sibyl (recto); Studies for the Libyan Sibyl and a small Sketch for a Seated Figure (verso) ca. 1510–11

Middle Class

1550

Page from a 15th century illuminated manuscript depicting Saint Michael battling a demon

Design Fragment for the Left Side of the 'Fonte Gaia' in Siena 1415–16

The Devil

Pietro Perugino's use of perspective in Delivery of the Keys (1482), a fresco at the Sistine Chape

1450 Hans Memling, Portrait of a Man with a Falcon, c. 1447, silverpoint

During the 15th century, Jan van Eyck, a famous Belgian painter developed oil painting by mixing linseed oil and oil from nuts with diverse colors

Jewish christ Before Caiphas Giotto c. 1305

1400

High Priest

Watercolor came to western artists in the late 1400s. Artists had to formulate, prepare and grindt heir ownw atercolorp aint andt ended to keep theirs ecretr ecipes andm ethods to themselves

1400

In the 15th century, the devil was green, as depicted by Michael Pacher in this Saint Wolfgang panel (1471-1475, Alte Pinakothek, Munich

1400

1400 In they ear 1346 Englishh orsesi nt he HundredYears’Warc arried thei mperialb rand (later known as thek ing’sm ark

Villard de Honnecourt (more correctly, an album or portfolio) dates to about c.1225-1235

The Church

1350

Roman Catholic Popes wear red as the symbol of the blood of Christ. This is Pope Innocent III, in about 1219.

1300

1250

1250 Vishnu with His Consorts, Lakshmi and Sarasvati 11th–12th century

1200

Mancicni Family Crest 12th century

Looking in a Mirror by an Ornamental Box Wang Shên (c. 1036–c. 1093) Southern Sung dynasty National Palace Museum of Taipei, Taipei

The Drunken Monk, Li Gonglin, Chinese, ca. 1049 – 1106, Southern Song Dynasty, ink and color on paper

Mancicni Family Crested dated to 12 century

1200

Talismanic Scroll 11th century

1150

Plaque with the Pentecost ca 1150–75

1100

Detail of theo riginalv ersion of Along theR iver During theQ ingmingF estivala ttributedt o Zhang Zeduan( 1085–1145)

1050

The Plan of Saint Gall is a medieval architectural drawing of a monastic compound dating from 820–830 AD

1000

Icon with Saint Demetrios 950–1000

Plaque with Christ Receiving Magdeburg Cathedral from Emperor Otto I ca. 962–968

950

950 Vessel with Seated Lord 7th–8th century

900

The earliest dated example of woodblock printing, and the earliest surviving dated complete book, was published in China on May 11, 868. 850

850

800

Drawing of a Coptic Saint 6th–7th century

750

750 Buddhist images painted in the central Afghan region, dated to around 650 AD,

700

700 Empress Theodora and her retinue, mosaic, 6th century

650

600

Panel with Winged Figures 5th century

Khan Academy Severan marble plan (Forma Urbis Romae

550

500

4th Century page of Codex Vaticanus

Greek monogram

Russian icon (mid 14th century), Novgorod

Azurite only used for The Virgin Mary

450

400

400 Bowl Fragments with Menorah, Shofar, and Torah Ark 300–350

Green Menorah Bowl Fragments

Altar ca. 232

350

350 300

300

Saint George Red Shroud ca. A.D. 125

250

200

200 Ceramics of the Han Dynasty

150

100

50 300s BC Aristarchus calculatest he relative sizeso ft he Earth, Suna nd Moon.B elow a 10thc entury AD copy

0. AD

50 A carving of the Tower of Babel has been found on a stone tablet dating back to 489 bc

100

150

200

250

300

The Berlin Painter Ganymede, 500-490 B.C. 350

350 Panel painting of a woman in a blue mantle

400

450

500

500 550

550 World History Encyclopedia Alexander Mosaic, c.100 B.C.E.

600

Egyptian Blue 650

650

700

700 the Code of Hammurab

750

800

850

900

950

950 Minoan art is the art produced by the Minoan civilization from about 2600 to 1100 BC.

1000

1250

Yellow Ocre

First plan discovered The statue of Gudea,Ruler of Lagash mesopotamia(c.2200 BCE)

Yello ocre , used for it yellow and brown tones was comnoly used within classical greece, the best quality yellow ochre was found in cyprus)

1500

Kermes is a red dye derived from the dried bodies of the females Dried Insect Redof a scale insect in 2000

2000

Egyptian tombstones depicting animals with brands date back to as early as 3000 BC

2500

Egyptian Green

3000 5,000

3000

In ancient Egypt, green was the symbol of regeneration and rebirth. They tried using the copper mineral malachite to paint on tomb walls,

5,000

the cave painting at Lascaux is most likely to date back to about 15,000-17,000 BCE

10,000

15,000

Bone black is blue-black in color and fairly smooth in texture and also denser than lamp blac k. It contains about 10% carbon, 84% calcium phosphate and 6 % calcium carbonate. It is made from charring of bones or waste ivory.

Limestone is a rock derived from marine ooze and largely composed of fossil remains of unicellular algae. Mineral: calcite

20,000

Red Ocre

Ochre is the earliest known pigment used by humans to paint our world--perhaps as long ago as 300,000 years

Umber is a natural mixture of iron and manganese oxides and hydroxides . Used throughout history, it has earthtones from cream to brown depending on the amount of iron and manganese compound

30,000

Chauvet Cave in southern France date from around 32,000-30,000 B.C.E

30,000

Carbon black was used as a pigment since very earliest times. Aboriginal rock art, Ubirr ArtS ite, Kakadu National Park,A ustralia, ca. 40,000 B.C.E

40 000 ,

Comparison : Colour

102

Landscape Colours

Political Colours

Religious Colours

Animal Colours

Representation of Local Natural Enviroments

Red vs Blue

Church - Red Devil - Green

Representation

IDEOGRAM/PICTOGRAMS/CARTOONS/ANIME Present

Present

Lyons Ideogram Bilbao created this collage for upcoming hotel project Staterra

2020

Icon Designs - Pictogram

Marshall Brown, an Associate Professor at the Princeton University School of Architecture,h as been producinga provocatives erieso f post-wara rchitecturec ollagess ince 2013.

Herzog & de Meuron, Elbphilharmonie, 2016, computer software

May 24, 2005 Grasshopper (software)

2010

Julie Mehretu - Empirical Construction, Istanbul, 2004,

Rhino version 1.0 released.

2010

DISPERSION Julie Mehretu 2002

Lyons Founded Copic was developed and launched in 1987 as the next generation graphic marker to meet the needs of professional designers ShoeiYoh +A rchitectsO dawara MunicipalS portsC omplex OdawaraK anagawaJ apan:C omputer-generatedi mageso fd eformation of roof 199

2000

972 MAGI SythaVisionw as used in them akingo ft he 1982 move Tron

Frank O. Gehry & Associates, Inc. Lewis Residence, Lyndhurst, Ohio: Fish, Geometrical frame of the conservatory from Catia 3D model, 1989-1995

1983 when ChesterC arlson invented the electrophotographic dryp rintingp rocess knowna sa Xerox

1980

Department of Transport NYC - Pictograms

Roy Lichtenstein, Artist’s Studio—the Dance (sketch), 1974, colored pencils and graphite on pape

STOP!

The standard international stop sign, following the Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals of 1968

ResearchGate Timothy Johnson, Sketchpad III System, MIT 1963

1960

1950

Josef Frank’s concept for a Town for 2000 Families, aerial perspective, c. 1950

1950

Dom-Ino House by Le Corbusier

1940

A scrapbook album created in the 1950s-1960s containing photographs as old as the early 1900s

In the early 1940s, cyanotype blueprint began to be supplanted by diazo prints, also known as whiteprints.

In 1944, Walter J. De Groft patented a "marking pen"

The first modern comic book, Famous Funnies, Swiss Pavilion / Le Corbusier 1930 was released in the US in 1933 and was a reprinting of earlier newspaper humor comic strips,

Pablo Picasso, Man with Ice-Cream Cone, 1938, ink on paper

Architectural compositions by Iakov Chernikhov, 1924-1931

Guernica' by Pablo Picasso 1937 A third year architectural student's drawing from sometime in the 1930s.

1940

Steamboat Willie Release Date: November 18, 1928 Steamboat Willie Release Date: November 18, 1928

Front elevation of the A.B. Tillinghast Residence in Toledo, Ohio, approximately 1900

Firsta rt colorp encils were invented and producedi n 1924 by Faber-Castella nd Carand 'Ache.

1920

Richard Fenton Outcault’s “The Yellow Kid,” which debuted in The New York World in 1896, is generally credited as the first comic strip. 'Proun Vrashchenia' by El Lissitzky, 1919

Fantasmagorie ReleaseD ate: August 17, 1908

MoMA Vincent van Gogh. The Starry Night. Saint Rémy, June 1889 . In his painting “The Japanese Bridge,” 1899

Fantasmagorie Release Date: August 17, 1908

1900

1900 Pelikan symbol evolution from 1878 to 1962

London Building Act of 1844

The very first manga magazine, Eshinbun Nipponchi, was published in 1874

Optimal-grinding engine model (1822), drawn in 30° isometric

Hermann Eggert (1844-1920) Großes Gewächshaus An imagined view of the Bank of England in ruins by Joseph Gandy, 1830. Sir John Soane's Museum, London

1850

Romanian Petrache Poenaru invented a fountain pen that used a quill as an ink reservoir. The French Government patented this in May 1827

1850

Bowman Flag 1806 depicts the emu and kangaroo as supporters

1800

18th-century example of collage art can be found in the work of Mary Delany

1800

The modern pencil was invented in 1795 by Nicholas-Jacques Conte,

Jean Nocholas Duran 1760

amuel Rudder, A New History of Gloucestershire. Cirencester, from the year 1779

The Prisons Series by Piranesi, 1750

1750

It's a cobalt oxide-aluminum oxide. Very costly and extraordinary stable pigment of pure blue colour discovered by Thénard in 1802.

Cenotaph for Newton by Etienne-Louis Boullée, 1754

1750

A 1684 depiction of Vitruvius (right) presenting De Architectura to Augustus

JAN 1, 1696 The Grote Market of Sint-Bavokerk, Haarlem

By Johannes Vermeer, and considered one of his masterworks, The Girl with a Pearl Earring is considered the 'Dutch Mona Lisa'

1700

Japanese Monograms

Stilll ifew ithV enetiang lass,R ömer wine glassa nd a candlei sa Baroqueo il on canvas painting createdb yC lara Peetersi n1 607.

Palladio's plan of the Villa in I quattro libri dell'architettura, 1570

Fritillaria imperialis (Crown Imperial Lily) by Alexander Marshal (c.1620-1682)

beginning in around 1600, mon were adopted by all people in all social standings. The symbols were based on stylized depictions of plants or animals and typically contained within a circle

1650

1650 udith Beheading Holofernes is a Baroque oil on canvas painting created by Caravaggio from c.1598 to 1602

beginning in around 1600, mon were adopted by all people in all social standings. The symbols were based on stylized depictions of plants or animals and typically contained within a circle.

1600 Plainr ed banners fort he Sultan'sr etinue From theT urkish CostumeB ookb yL ambert de Vos1 574

Donato Bramante (1444–1514), Study Drawing, Basilica di San Pietro, Rome, 1506

1500

1600

1500

Art Fix Daily Medieval 15th century watercolor and gouache on vellum will be featured at John McInnis' May

Leonardo da Vinci, Study of Horses, c. 1490 metalpoint on paper

1500

Studies for the Libyan Sibyl (recto); Studies for the Libyan Sibyl and a small Sketch for a Seated Figure (verso) ca. 1510–11

1550

Page from a 15th century illuminated manuscript depicting Saint Michael battling a demon

Design Fragment for the Left Side of the 'Fonte Gaia' in Siena 1415–16

Pietro Perugino's use of perspective in Delivery of the Keys (1482), a fresco at the Sistine Chape

1450

1450 Hans Memling, Portrait of a Man with a Falcon, c. 1447, silverpoint

During the 15th century, Jan van Eyck, a famous Belgian painter developed oil painting by mixing linseed oil and oil from nuts with diverse colors

christ Before Caiphas Giotto c. 1305

1400

Watercolor came to western artists in the late 1400s. Artists had to formulate, prepare and grindt heir ownw atercolorp aint andt ended to keep theirs ecretr ecipes andm ethods to themselves

1400

In the 15th century, the devil was green, as depicted by Michael Pacher in this Saint Wolfgang panel (1471-1475, Alte Pinakothek, Munich

1400

1400 In they ear 1346 Englishh orsesi nt he HundredYears’Warc arried thei mperialb rand (later known as thek ing’sm ark

Villard de Honnecourt (more correctly, an album or portfolio) dates to about c.1225-1235

1350

Traditional Japense Cartoon

1350

Crest Representing Aspects of the Family

Roman Catholic Popes wear red as the symbol of the blood of Christ. This is Pope Innocent III, in about 1219.

1300

Representing Services not Idenity of Business

1250

1250 1200

1300

Chōjū-giga (12th century), traditionally attributed to a monk-artist Kakuyū (Toba Sōjo)

1250’s Business Pictograms

Vishnu with His Consorts, Lakshmi and Sarasvati 11th–12th century

Looking in a Mirror by an Ornamental Box Wang Shên (c. 1036–c. 1093) Southern Sung dynasty National Palace Museum of Taipei, Taipei

The Drunken Monk, Li Gonglin, Chinese, ca. 1049 – 1106, Southern Song Dynasty, ink and color on paper

1400s, new signs appeared, ornamental friezes inserted into the pages of books called vignettes. Originally featuring floral motifs, over time they grew to include themes such as religion, festivities, the seasons and animals.

1150

Mancicni Family Crested dated to 12 century

1200

Talismanic Scroll 11th century

1150

Plaque with the Pentecost ca 1150–75

1100

Detail of theo riginalv ersion of Along theR iver During theQ ingmingF estivala ttributedt o Zhang Zeduan( 1085–1145)

1050

1000

1050

Wood Block Printing

The Plan of Saint Gall is a medieval architectural drawing of a monastic compound dating from 820–830 AD

1000

Icon with Saint Demetrios 950–1000

Plaque with Christ Receiving Magdeburg Cathedral from Emperor Otto I ca. 962–968

950

950 Vessel with Seated Lord 7th–8th century

900

The earliest dated example of woodblock printing, and the earliest surviving dated complete book, was published in China on May 11, 868. The earliest dated example of woodblock printing, and the earliest surviving dated complete book, was published in China on May 11, 868.

850

800

Drawing of a Coptic Saint 6th–7th century

750

750 Buddhist images painted in the central Afghan region, dated to around 650 AD,

700

700 Empress Theodora and her retinue, mosaic, 6th century

650

600

Panel with Winged Figures 5th century

Khan Academy Severan marble plan (Forma Urbis Romae

550

500

4th Century page of Codex Vaticanus

Greek monogram

Sun Behind Head - A Saint

Russian icon (mid 14th century), Novgorod

450

400

400 Bowl Fragments with Menorah, Shofar, and Torah Ark 300–350 Altar ca. 232

350

350 300

300

Russian icon (mid 14th century), Novgorod Shroud ca. A.D. 125

250

200

200 Ceramics of the Han Dynasty

150

100

50 300s BC Aristarchus calculatest he relative sizeso ft he Earth, Suna nd Moon.B elow a 10thc entury AD copy

0. AD

50 A carving of the Tower of Babel has been found on a stone tablet dating back to 489 bc

Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphs

100

gyptian hieroglyphs are a writing system used by the Ancient Egyptians, that contained a combination of logographic, alphabetic, and ideographic elements. Hieroglyphs emerged from the preliterate artistic traditions of Egypt.

150

200

Depictions of Scenes in History and Mythology

250

Ideographic/Logographic

250

300

The Berlin Painter Ganymede, 500-490 B.C. 350

350 Panel painting of a woman in a blue mantle

400

450

500

500 550

550 World History Encyclopedia Alexander Mosaic, c.100 B.C.E.

600

650

700

700 the Code of Hammurab

750

800

850

900

Minoan Women - Representation of Culture

950

Minoan art is the art produced by the Minoan civilization from about 2600 to 1100 BC.

1000

Dating to as early as 2000 BC, mason’s marks have been found in ancient structures such as tombs. As Jens Müller states, “ These abstract line graphics, each with its own specific characteristics, referred to a particular family or workshop

1250

1000

1250

First plan discovered The statue of Gudea,Ruler of Lagash mesopotamia(c.2200 BCE)

Minoan art is the art produced by the Minoan civilization from about 2600 to 1100 BC.

Yello ocre , used for it yellow and brown tones was comnoly used within classical greece, the best quality yellow ochre was found in cyprus)

1500

Kermes is a red dye derived from the dried bodies of the females of a scale insect in

2000

1500

Mason Marks

Egyptian tombstones depicting animals with brands date back to as early as 3000 BC

2500

Animal Branding

Logograms

3000 10,000

Egyptian tombstones depicting animals with brands date back to as early as 3000 BC

Cuniforms

Over five thousand years ago, the people dwelling in southern Iraq, the Sumerians, invented one of the world’s earliest systems of writing. They did not do so in order to write stories or letters, nor yet to publicize the deeds of gods and kings, though soon enough writing came to be used for those purposes.

15,000

5,000

the cave painting at Lascaux is most likely to date back to about 15,000-17,000 BCE

Bone black is blue-black in color and fairly smooth in texture and also denser than lamp blac k. It contains about 10% carbon, 84% calcium phosphate and 6 % calcium carbonate. It is made from charring of bones or waste ivory.

Limestone is a rock derived from marine ooze and largely composed of fossil remains of unicellular algae. Mineral: calcite

20,000

3000

In ancient Egypt, green was the symbol of regeneration and rebirth. They tried using the copper mineral malachite to paint on tomb walls,

5,000

2000

10,000

15,000

20,000

Ochre is the earliest known pigment used by humans to paint our world--perhaps as long ago as 300,000 years

Umber is a natural mixture of iron and manganese oxides and hydroxides . Used throughout history, it has earthtones from cream to brown depending on the amount of iron and manganese compound

30,000

Chauvet Cave in southern France date from around 32,000-30,000 B.C.E

30,000

Carbon black was used as a pigment since very earliest times. Aboriginal rock art, Ubirr ArtS ite, Kakadu National Park,A ustralia, ca. 40,000 B.C.E

40 000 ,

Comparison : Ideograms/Pictograms/ Logograms etc.

An ideogram or ideograph is a graphical symbol that represents an idea, rather than a group of letters arranged according to the phonemes of a spoken language, as is done in alphabetic languages. Examples of ideograms include wayfinding signage, such as in airports and other environments where many people may not be familiar

A pictogram or pictograph is a symbol representing a concept, object, activity, place or event by illustration. Pictography is a form of writing whereby ideas are transmitted through drawing.

in Chinese characters was developed 3500 years ago in China, making it perhaps the oldest surviving writing system. Chinese characters are derived directly from individual pictograms or combinations of pictograms and phonetic signs.

104

Why do Lyons Draw they way Draw?

as a result of Historical Lineages tracing back to 40,000 BC as a result of Contextualizing their projects as a result of Who they are drawing for as a result of their narrative threads through drawing Threading ,Tectonic Landscapes, Imprints and Abstracted Semiotics.

105

Lyons Drawings..

Lyons Drawings go beyond Representing designed Outcomes. Lyons uses many threads to weave a tapestry of nuance , stories and contextualism into the projects that start are most potent through drawing.

106

Continuing Research

107

Continuing research, If the research was to be continued I would more closely look at Lyons drawings compared to those of their colleagues in the field locally and internationally, Gaps in the research: I think the research could have gone into more depth about placing Lyons in the historical collateral and then a deeper understanding of those lineages, as on their own, I think they are fine but the placing Lyons work and then a deeper analysis of the lineages would definitely round out the research more.