rOGIER HENDRIKS
Regreeneration An approach to anticipate on new built Regeneration projects in order to improve Deprived neighbourhoods.
Index
Problem analysis Literature review Introduction to the Project area Framework Critical projects Conclusions
Problem Analysis
Gentrification of London
London is shifting to a city focussed on higher socioeconomic groups   
Regeneration of brown fields areas within the city
Physical and economic success But cause displacement
Gentrification of London Tower hamlets, Docklands 1991-2001
20,9
MANAGERS AND SENIOR OFFICIALS
42,9
PROFESSIONAL
44,5
ASSCIATE PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL
-11,4 -12,8 -29,5
ADMINISTRATIVE AND SECRETARIAL SKILLED TRADES PERSONAL SERVICES
ELEMENTARY
27,7
Gentrification of London In order to prevent London becoming a place for the higher socioeconomic groups, this thesis Looks for ways in which deprived areas can anticipate to new built regeneration projects and profit from them.
“
“
How can interventions in the public space contribute to minimising displacement caused by new build regeneration projects?
© thoughtsfromtheblondeside
Project location Next new built regeneration CITY OF LONDON Area: Nine Elms DOCKLANDS HYDE PARK
WESTMINSTER
SOUTHWARK
L E E
S M
N I N
VAUXHALL
BATTERSEA
BRIXTON
WANDSWORTH LAMBETH
Literature Research
Current ways of regeneration Mixed housing polices only treat the symptoms of deprivation Attracts more affluent people to the area which increases the overall statistics (Cheshire, 2009). Interventions to attract those people cause value increases >> displacement
Empowerment Focus on the cause of deprivation Increase Employment, Health and Education outcomes
(Manley et al., 2011 & Chatterton and Bradley, 2000)
Empowerment Focus on the cause of deprivation Increase Employment, Health and Education outcomes
(Manley et al., 2011 & Chatterton and Bradley, 2000)
Create jobs that match the skills of the population (Chatterton and Bradley, 2000)
Empowerment Focus on the cause of deprivation Increase Employment, Health and Education outcomes
(Manley et al., 2011 & Chatterton and Bradley, 2000)
Create jobs that match the skills of the population (Chatterton and Bradley, 2000)
Use of green spaces has positive effects on health (Maas et al., 2009). Provides a better air quality Stimulates physical exercise Strengthens the creation of social ties Decreases stress and fatigue
Empowerment Regeneration: focus on the cause of deprivation, and increase Employment, Health and Education outcomes (Manley et al., 2011 & Chatterton and Bradley, 2000) Create jobs that match the skills of the population (Chatterton and Bradley, 2000) Use of green spaces has positive effects on health. Provides a better air quality Stimulates physical exercise Strengthens the creation of social ties Decreases stress and fatigue
Regeneration: interventions that stimulate the increase of Employment and Health outcomes
Framework
Project location CITY OF LONDON DOCKLANDS HYDE PARK
WESTMINSTER
SOUTHWARK
L E E
S M
N I N
VAUXHALL
BATTERSEA
BRIXTON
WANDSWORTH LAMBETH
Nine Elms
NEW BUILD REGENERATION AREA EXPENSE DWELLINGS HIGH QUALITY AMENITIES Access TO THE Thames
Nine Elms
bRIXTON
VIBRANT CENTRE OF THE DEPRIVED AREA Mixed POPULATION MARKETS AND SMALL SHOPS PROFESSIONALISATION Small scale, authenticity, specialised
bRIXTON
ORIGINAL SHOPS
PROFESSIONALISED
LL
A XH
U VA
Framework
BATTER
SEA
EXPENSIVE DWELLINGS
Two centres
HIGH QUALITY AMENITIES ACCESS TO THE THAMES
ON
Cover a different niche
Dv
VIBRANT CENTRE OF THE DEPRIVED NEIGHBOURHOOD MIXED POPULATION, MUCH AFRO-CARIBBEAN DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL MARKETS; INFORMAL MALLS POPULAR AMONG YUPPIES
BRIXT
E N I N
S M EL
LL
A XH
U VA
Framework
BATTER
SEA
EXPENSIVE DWELLINGS HIGH QUALITY AMENITIES ACCESS TO THE THAMES
S M EL
ON
Dv
MARKETS WORKSHOPS NIGHT LIFE RESTAURANTS
BRIXT
E N I N
Function as an addition to each other. Need for a good connection
Framework
Need for a good connection
22 MIN Dv
S
27 min.
Current fabric does not contain continuous connections
Framework
Framework that connects nine elms and Brixton. Stimulating the interchange of people between the centres > Economic impulse in Brixton
Framework
Selecting interesting areas in the urban fabric
Connecting those interesting areas
Adding public spaces and improve existing ones >> Increase of health outcomes
Selection of spaces
VAUXHALL
Major economic and public areas BATTERSEA
Selection of vibrant intermediate goals
LARKHALL
STOCKWELL
STOCKWELL RD.
TWO TOWERS
Dv
BRIXTON
Connecting the spaces VAUXHALL
Path, path markers and way markers
BATTERSEA
LARKHALL
STOCKWELL
STOCKWELL RD.
TWO TOWERS
Dv
BRIXTON
Way markers Tall way markers
Battersea power station
Vauxhall
Way markers Smaller way markers
Church in the urban fabric
Path VAUXHALL
General profiles that are applied In the existing profiles Connecting to the major streets BATTERSEA
1
1
LARKHALL
3 STOCKWELL
2
STOCKWELL RD.
TWO TOWERS
2
3
Dv
BRIXTON
Path: BIGGER PUBLIC SPACES
Path: broad profile
Public transport Change bus routes
Make battersea reachable by public transport by using mostly existing stations
Dv
BARCLAYS CYCLE HIRE Continue the cycle hire system Until Brixton
Dv
Framework VAUXHALL
BATTERSEA
32
13
5KM/H
12KM/H
MINUTES
MINUTES
LARKHALL
9
11
10
12
18KM/H
15KM/H
27KM/H
16KM/H
MINUTES
MINUTES
MINUTES
MINUTES
BATTERSEA
BRIXTON STOCKWELL
STOCKWELL RD.
TWO TOWERS
BATTERSEA
3
MINUTES
16KM/H
LARKHALL
Dv
BRIXTON
22 MINUTES
5KM/H
BRIXTON
Public space Add and improve public spaces
Make the route more interesting
Increase the willingness to use the public space
1
 
Make people profit from the
Benefits of green spaces on health
2
3
4 Dv
Create new Public space
1
2
1
? 3
4
2
3
5 4 Dv
Make the courtyards public
1
New amenities VAUXHALL
Cluster them by type
Improve the readability of the area
BATTERSEA
Possibilities for other local things like art route, local festivals etc.
LARKHALL
STOCKWELL
STOCKWELL RD.
TWO TOWERS
Dv
BRIXTON
Framework
VAUXHALL
~~
Regional: business and retail
BATTERSEA
~~
  Improvement of the public space to stimulate the increase of health outcomes
Regional: retail and culture
LARKHALL
District: active and passive recreation
STOCKWELL Local: small scale retail
TWO TOWERS
District: active and passive recreation
ARCHES
Borough: small scale retail and workshops Dv
BRIXTON
District: markets and nightlife
Gives an economic impulse to the centre of Brixton
Critical details
Critical details
Brixton
Connection of the framework to the centre of Brixton
窶ケrovision for more small business spaces
Brixton
Brixton
Connect THE Framework TO THE CENTRE
ADD BUSINESS SPACES IN THE ARCHES
ADD PLACES TO MEET AND REST IN BETWEEN
Brixton
Brixton
Increase of small business spaces Good connection to the centre
Critical details
Larkhall Connect the park to the framework Small interventions to improve the park
Larkhall Connect the park to the framework Small interventions to improve the park
Bad entrances Blind walls Lacks places to sit and meet
Larkhall
Small adjustments in the current structure of the park.
Larkhall
Embed the park into The framework
Larkhall
Removal of The blind walls
Larkhall
Add interesting amenities
Larkhall
Increase the willingness to use the park Interesting intermediate goal
Critical details
Battersea Access to the Thames
Public SPACE THAT FUNCTIONS ON A BIGGER SCALE
Battersea
Current plans for the redevelopment
Battersea
Public space for the city.
Battersea
Adding interesting amenities to the area
Battersea
Embed the square into The framework
Battersea
Dramatise the presence of the Thames
Provides access to the Thames Big public space that contains different interesting amenities
Framework
Gives an economic impulse to the centre of Brixton
  Improvement of the public space to improve stimulate the increase of health outcomes
Gentrification of London
“
“
How can interventions in the public space contribute to minimising displacement caused by new build regeneration projects?
©
Gentrification of London New build regeneration projects can generate opportunities to improve deprived areas close by.
Š thoughtsfromtheblondeside
Gentrification of London Regeneration of the public space can increase individual outcomes and contribute to minimising displacement.
Š thoughtsfromtheblondeside
Gentrification of London New build regeneration projects can provide amities for the surrounding deprived areas to prevent value increases in those underprivileged areas.
Š thoughtsfromtheblondeside
Gentrification of London Small interventions in the existing urban fabric can improve the attractiveness of the public space which improves the willingness to use them.
Š thoughtsfromtheblondeside
THANKS!
rOGIER HENDRIKS
rEGREENERATION An approach to anticipate on new built Regeneration projects in order to improve Deprived neighbourhoods.
10km
Figure 4.8: Indices of Multiple Deprivation (own illustration based on data of Greater London Authority (2011)).
10km
Figure 4.11: health deprivation (own illustration based on data of Greater London Authority (2011)).
10km
Figure 4.14: deprivation of the living environment (own illustration based on data of Greater London Authority (2011)).
10km
Figure 4.9: income deprivation (own illustration based on data of Greater London Authority (2011)).
10km
Figure 4.12: education, skills and training deprivation (own illustration based on data of Greater London Authority (2011)).
10km
Figure 4.15: crime (own illustration based on data of Greater London Authority (2011)).
10km
Figure 4.10: employment deprivation (own illustration based on data of Greater London Authority (2011)).
10km
Figure 4.13: barriers to the living environment (own illustration based on data of Greater London Authority (2011)).
0 - 5 % most deprived 5 - 10% most deprived 10 - 20% most deprived 800m
A
GE LAR VAUXHALL
STADIUM AMERICAN EMBASSY
MED I
UM
BATTERSEA
EXT R
EXT R
A
GE LAR
STOCKWELL
E
ME
DIU
M
ME DI
UM
THEATRE
LARG
M
DIU
ME
CLAPHAM
Shops Major centres Minor centres
BRIXTON
Figure 4.16: centres (own illustration based on data of Greater London Authority (2011)).
MALL AS
Dv
HOSPITAL
EXTR
300m
CINEMA AND THEATRE
Institutions Education centres
Figure 4.17: institutions and education (own illustration based on data of Greater London Authority (2011)).
300m
THAMES
LINEAR PARK
CONVENTGARDEN
BATTERSEA PARK
LARKHALL
Water Connection Square Park
Figure 4.18: public space (own illustration based on data of Greater London Authority (2011)).
WINDRUSH SQUARE
300m
Major road Minor road Elevated traintrack Barrier Train station Tube station
Figure 4.19: connections and barriers (own illustration based on data of Greater London Authority (2011)).
Dv
300m
OTHER KINDS OF PATH MARKERS
REPETITIVE PATH MARKERS
LINEAR PATH MARKERS
PATH
ROUTE
CONTEXT 2 1 11
3
4
1
Garden centre
2
Riding school
3
Sports complex
4
Garden centre
5
Restaurant
6
Scouting
9
Swimming pool
7
Activities area
10
Sports complex
Japaneese Garden
11
Sports complex
8
10
5
8 7 6
500m
1000m
N
250m 250m
Figure 5.28: analysis of the Maxima park in Utrecht, showing the routing through the park. (own illustration)
9
Path
Path markers Linear
Path markers Repetitive
way markers
Defined path
Facades of buildings
Benches cs: 1 and 2
Statue
Cs: 2 and 4
Line of trees
Spots in the pavement
Cs: 1, 2 and 4
cs: 3
Ditch
Lamp posts
Cs: 1 and 2
Elevated path Cs: 2
Cs: 1
cs: 2
Cs: 4
Distinct building Cs: 4
Two distinct buildings Cs: 4
Border Cs: 2
Cluster of trees Cs: 1
Trees
cs: 1, 2 and 4
VAUXHALL
BATTERSEA
LARKHALL
STOCKWELL Brixton - Two Towers - Stockwell Stockwell Road - Brixton
2.6KM:
31MIN.
13MIN.
11MIN.
9MIN.
Brixton - Two Towers - Larkhall - Stockwell Stockwell Road - Brixton
3.8KM:
46MIN.
19MIN.
15MIN.
STOCKWELL RD.
13MIN. TWO TOWERS
Brixton - Two Towers - Larkhall - Linear Park - Stockwell Larkhall - Stockwell Road - Brixton
6.0KM:
1:12MIN.
30MIN.
24MIN.
20MIN.
Brixton - Two Towers - Larkhall - Battersea - Thames Walk Vauxhall - Stockwell - Larkhall - Stockwell Road - Brixton
7.4KM:
1:28MIN.
37MIN.
30MIN.
25MIN. Dv
BRIXTON
a.
b.
c.
d.
Figure 6.87: different areas to store water in order to decrease the risk of flooding. a. normal situation, b. in extreme conditions the jetty can flood, c. if the water level rises more the lower parts drain water to the retention areas, d. the space in the front of the station can be used to store water (own illustration).