Baby's and Beyond - Volume 8 l issue 3 - September to November 2021 by Media Xpose

VOLUME 8

INSIDE: FEATURES | COMPETITIONS | KICKS FOR KIDS | RECIPES

a family lifestyle magazine TM

www.babysandbeyond.co.za

Busting the

myths

around infertility

Anxiety at school:

Weaning your baby – how to avoid raising a picky eater

Reandi Grey: Be confident – bare your face! September 2021 | R29.90 Incl. VAT Other Countries R26.00 21013

9 772311 546706

helping your child survive and thrive

Multi award-winning

businesswoman, model, influencer and mom-preneur – Candice Manuel

SPRING!

Tantalising a toddler’s tastebuds Allergic rhinitis: Not to be sneezed at Parent survival kit for ADHD

elcom w s ' e ed

! N I W

The most beautiful season of the year has arrived. Despite many people suffering from pollen allergies during Spring, it remains the best time of the year to capture memories in many parts of our country where beautiful flowers are in full bloom. Days become warmer and we can enjoy much more time outside. I absolutely love Spring because I spend most of my days gardening. On page 104 we give a few tips on how to grow a veggie garden. Growing a veggie garden can be a family activity and the kids can learn how to grow their own food. A great idea is to educate kids on the nutritional information about each vegetable planted in the garden. Since many kids don’t like vegetables, perhaps such an activity will make them realise how important vegetables are to their diet. Most children are still going to school two to three days a week, so keeping them busy can help alleviate stress and anxiety. Teaching them about recycling is another great way to keep them busy and teach them about the harmful effects that waste can have on the environment. Many children don’t understand their own emotions and actions; it is important to understand and look out for signs of stress and anxiety. In this edition we unpack a lot of thought-provoking content that is useful, especially when it comes to mental health issues.

xxxxx

Win this kettle and toaster combo from Russell Hobbs. How to enter: WhatsApp a picture of you holding your copy of Baby’s and Beyond™ to 076 968 8929 together with your email address to stand a chance of winning this amazing prize.

The COVID-19 pandemic makes things worse because children cannot be as active anymore; no sleepovers at a friend’s house and no social gatherings. This is an opportunity to spend more quality time as a family. Many of us are still working from home which can be challenging, especially with the kids around, so taking time out to spend some time with the kids can be rewarding for both parents and kids. I would like to thanks our advertisers and contributors for their great support always. Remember to stay safe, sanitise regularly and wear your mask in public spaces so we can call COVID-19 something of the past soon. And, don’t forget to take those extra vitamins to build a stronger immune system. I wish you all a happy and healthy season. Regards

Elroy 2

www.babysandbeyond.co.za

contents 50

NUTRITION

Candice Manuel, multi award-winning businesswoman, model, influencer and mom-preneur

Avocados as a first food for babies

BREASTFEEDING

Tantalising a toddler’s taste buds

COVER FEATURE

Asthma in kids

Weaning your baby – how to avoid raising a picky eater

Eczema in children

5 signs that you are collagen-deficient

PARENTING

Parent survival kit for ADHD

Allergic rhinitis: Not to be sneezed at

CHILD ABUSE

Unpacking terminology around a healthy vagina

SKINCARE

Be confident – bare your face!

Pumping your milk supply

Understanding & intervention are key to breaking the cycle of child abuse

CHILD DEVELOPMENT

Physical parenting in a digital age

Irregular sleep may lead to bad moods and depression

94 96

The ins and outs of skin ageing

INFERTILITY

TRAVEL

CHILD SAFETY

MENTAL HEALTH

How to fly cross-country with a newborn

Your definitive anti-kidnapping guide

Schizophrenia is genetic. Should you be worried?

The fundamentals of teaching a child to read from an early age

FINANCIAL WELLBEING

Busting the myths around infertility

100

DÉCOR

102

How to Feng Shui your home

DIY GARDENING

HEALTH

Growing a veggie garden

Money lessons to teach children

Understanding and treating hair loss

Stress can affect your child’s behaviour

Anxiety at school: helping your child survive and thrive

104

RECYCLING

108

Recycling project is looking for new schools to work with

6 Carlton Crescent, Parklands, 7441 | Tel: 021 424 3625 | Fax: 086 270 9693 Email: info@babysandbeyond.co.za | Website: www.mediaxpose.co.za

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Front Cover Credit: Dale Sylvester Picture Credit: 123rf.com / pixabay.com Distribution:

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Disclaimer: The views expressed in this publication are not necessarily those of the publisher or its agents. While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information published, the publisher does not accept responsibility for any error or omission contained herein. Consequently, no person connected with the publication of this journal will be liable for any loss or damage sustained by any reader as a result of action following statements or opinions expressed herein. The publisher will give consideration to all material submitted, but does not take responsibility for damage or its safe return.

Editor: Elroy van Heerden editor@babysandbeyond.co.za

Design & Layout: Anja Bramley artwork1@mediaxpose.co.za

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Content Manager: Wadoeda Adams artwork@mediaxpose.co.za Editorial Contributors: Catherine Clark Phillip van Rensburg Sister Yolanda Mpilo Seugnette van Wyngaard Brett MacKay Dr RR Lutchman Dr Heidi van der Watt Dr Claudia Gray Vanessa Ascencao Rashmita Davechand Dr Jacques Mostert Dr Greg Pienaar Reandi Grey Dr Judey Pretorius Dr Marguerite Barnard Donna Noble

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snippets - editor's choice

BETADINE™ BV Gel – Break free from bacterial vaginosis Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common cause of abnormal vaginal discharge and has been associated with a range of serious health and reproductive consequences. BETADINE™ BV Gel is a new, non-antibiotic treatment distributed by Mundipharma South Africa, that has the potential to fulfil areas of unmet clinical need in the treatment of BV. BETADINE™ BV Gel contains astodrimer sodium, a novel dendrimer-based therapy with a physical mechanism of action that disrupts vaginal biofilms and prevents harmful vaginal bacteria from adhering to vaginal lining, reducing their opportunity to grow whilst allowing normal vaginal flora to replenish.

This helps to normalise the vaginal pH while relieving odour and discharge.5A BETADINE™ BV Gel has proven clinical efficacy and safety in three large random trials in over 500 patients. BETADINE™ BV Gel provides rapid relief from the unpleasant odour in just 24 hours. Because it acts locally and is not absorbed systemically, BETADINE™ BV Gel avoids potential issues associated with conventional antibiotics such as systemic side effects, antibiotic resistance, and overgrowth of Candida is minimal. It has a favourable safety profile and is well tolerated. BETADINE™ BV Gel is applied once-daily for seven days. It is available over the counter in leading pharmacies.

Spruce up your spring routine with CHUX® Spring is the time for fresh new beginnings and, of course, a fresh and clean home! CHUX® makes spring cleaning simple, and quicker, so that you have more time to spend enjoying the new season your way.

Here are a few cleaning hacks brought to you by CHUX®:

cleaning, dampen a CHUX® Magic Eraser block to remove the grease and grime without having to use any chemicals or elbow grease! Wipe it down with a CHUX® Absorbent Cloth for a streakfree finish.

In the kitchen: • Don’t struggle to get into those hard to reach places like under the fridge, corners of the windows and between your cupboards. Wrap a CHUX® Superwipe Cloth around a butter knife and get right into the nooks and crannies that gather dust and grime. • To give the microwave a thorough

Around the home: • Clean off unsightly marks from walls, skirting boards and light switches. Simply dampen a CHUX® Magic Eraser with water and rub the marks off gently, with ease. • To make the floors sparkle all around the house, wrap a broom with a dampened CHUX® Superwipe and mop the floors.

The cloth can be easily rinsed and used over and over again! Chux® helps make the big chores smaller. Chux® offers an extensive range of quality cleaning accessories to help you tackle any cleaning challenge around your home. Regardless of your preferred cleaning routine, no matter the mess ... there's a Chux® for whatever life Chux® at you. For more information on Chux® visit www.chux.co.za or www.facebook.com/ ChuxSA/. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

snippets - editor's choice

An essential skincare product with many uses Making sense of things: How touching & tasting help baby understand the world By Dr Bettye M. Caldwell, Ph.D. Professor of Paediatrics in Child Development and Education The earliest conversations between you and your child involve the sense of touch. When you hold your little one in your arms, baby nestles against your skin, seeking the perfect fit in the curve of your arms. The skin is the most highly developed sensory organ at birth, and most babies love to be stroked. Surprisingly, some babies may prefer a firmer touch. Try applying pressure slowly and gently to baby's skin just before naptime or bedtime to help your wide-awake wonder settle down. As your baby becomes better at grasping, you may find that your hair or face becomes the focus of exploration by touch. That's your cue that baby will really start to appreciate textured objects – rough, smooth, crinkly, soft, squishy – so start introducing them, with your supervision. And what about taste? Your baby is born with a sweet tooth, preferring the sweet taste of breast milk or formula to other foods. The other three basic tastes – bitter, sour, and salty – develop later. A baby's dislike of bitter tastes may protect your little one from ingesting harmful substances. A taste for salty things usually comes after four months of age. Babies can (and will) taste almost anything you give them, and their little hands can't wait to finger whatever comes their way. In fact, a baby's sense of taste and texture work together to help baby make discoveries about the objects in the world. Hand your baby something new and watch what baby does: baby will look at it, touch it and then mouth it. By mouthing objects, baby discovers how they feel, which provides vital clues about their shape and size. You can encourage this way of learning by giving baby appropriate toys for mouthing. But be sure to wash baby's toys often! A great toy to try is the Fisher-Price Music & Sounds Monkey.

Who doesn’t love a good, multi-purpose product? Especially when it’s loaded with beauty benefits and is friendly on the pocket too. In tough economic times like these our skincare needs don’t change, however, when we can find a product that’s packed with goodness plus well within budget, we’re going to take notice. Clere Pure Petroleum Jelly helps to protect dry skin, while acting as a barrier. As the body’s largest organ, it’s so important to take good care of your skin. However, doing so doesn’t necessarily mean breaking the bank, explains Clere Petroleum Jelly and Glycerine brand manager, Themba Ndlovu. “In fact, a common, inexpensive product found in most people’s medicine cabinets, petroleum jelly, can have multiple skin care uses for the entire family,” says Themba. • Hydrate your lips • Moisturise dry hands and cracked heels • Brow taming • Keep fingers and cuticles clean while painting nails • Make a base for DIY exfoliators • Longer and thicker eyelashes • Get a dewy glow • Smooth flyaway hair and pesky split ends • Face moisturiser • Make up remover • Everlasting fragrance For more from Clere visit www.clere.co.za

snippets - editor's choice

Jurassic World Mega Destroyer! The new Jurassic World Mega Destroyer Assortment is now available, so get ready for big thrills and adventure with Jurassic World Dino Escape! These larger-sized Mega Destroyers™ dinosaurs include carnivores and herbivores and have an advanced attack feature. Activate the dinosaurs' attacks to

break out of their restraints and prepare for battle. With movable joints, realistic sculpting and authentic decoration, they're ready for dinosaur action play or mega displays. Makes a great gift for kids ages four years old and up. Learning and excitement doesn’t stop there because there are over 200 dinosaurs to collect and engage with on the Jurassic World Facts App! Scan the marker under the foot of your Mattel Jurassic World dinosaur figure to see that dinosaur come to life! Hear your dinosaurs

roar, stomp, and see their iconic moves! Check them out in observation mode for a full 360° view and watch canon footage of your dinosaur from across the Jurassic World franchise (on select dinosaurs). Enjoy in app videos and stay up to date with our newest videos in the Jurassic World Facts App! Explore seven zones on the Jurassic World map and make sure to collect dinosaurs in all seven different habitats, including the new Dino Escape section. Learn fun facts, answer trivia questions and don’t forget to tune into season three of Jurassic World Camp Cretaceous on Netflix. Enjoy the action packed excitement as six teens are invited to attend a state-of-the-art adventure camp on Isla Numlar where they must band together to survive when the dinosaurs break out of captivity.

Spring Cleaning with GLAD

It’s almost time to finally say farewell to winter. And with that comes a healthy dose of flowers budding and people sunning. So what better way to welcome the warmer temperatures and some ‘natural’ self-care back into your life than by giving your space a little love with some spring cleaning.

• Trash (tip: add a municipal clear bag for recyclables) • Give away/Sell (tip: add a bag for items to repair) • Storage • Put away (tip: you could use a bag per room and place any items that need to be relocated to their proper place)

• Is your sofa a stain magnet? Unzip the fabric and put a GLAD bag between the cushion fabric and the cushion itself, then spot clean. The bag prevents moisture from drawing the stain into the cushion. • One person's item of clothing is another's treasure. Fill up GLAD bags with clothes for charity... using this system: • Begin with four Glad refuse bags or Glad ForceFlex bags and label them:

All GLAD products are made for your convenience with the purpose of keeping your food fresh for longer. GLAD – saving good food from going bad.

Spring cleaning can be a cathartic process - once you get started, you'll be GLAD you did.

* Visit www.glad.co.za for more information and follow ‘GLAD SOUTH AFRICA’ on Facebook; Available in the GLAD aisle of most supermarkets.

www.babysandbeyond.co.za

snippets - editor's choice

Soothe Operator Picture this: You spend nine months in the cosiest of cocoons, loving the darkness and white noise, then one day with zero warning - boom! - you’re thrust into a big, noisy, unfamiliar new world.

body language that says “More, please!” Physical touch releases happy neurotransmitters in you, too! Win, win.

It’s no wonder your baby might be a teensy bit teary (or full-blown bawling!) as she adjusts to life on the outside. She’s turning to you, the close comfort of your babywarming arms, and your newly minted sssh-bounce moves to feel calm and content. No pressure or anything!

You’re getting very sleepy...

The good news: There’s more than just one way to soothe your wee one. Here, we’ll show you tricks that’ll help you help him learn to calm himself - a beautiful lifelong skill we can all appreciate.

Cuddles, please!

Your touch, from soft caresses to gentle strokes, makes your mini-me feel safe. It also releases the feel-good hormone oxytocin, which helps you two bond. So try some ‘Kangaroo Care’. Simply lie down and place your baby on your bare chest; drape a light blanket over her back to keep her nice and toasty. During bath time or nappy changes, gently massage her head, tummy, arms, legs, hands, and feet, and follow her cues, from coos to

Mellow music, a good book, Netflix in bed - the need to wind down before drifting off is real. Your baby craves a similar comforting routine. Sure-fire winners: Reading her a board book, singing a lullaby, or giving a gentle massage. When it’s time to say goodnight, she’ll be chill. Night, night.

Up, up and away!

When you’re not carrying baby in your arms or a sling, you can recreate that magic movement with a swing. It’s fun to discover what your baby digs: Does he like to shimmy side to side, or rock forward and back? A few minutes at a time in a swing, or a vibrating rocker, can be the dose of womblike movement he loves. Plus, you get some muchdeserved hands-free time.

All by myself

Your baby’s favourite spot is near you (obviously), but you don’t need to spend every moment interacting with him. Like us, kiddos need some alone time, too. If he’s yawning, arching his back, or simply seems zonked and needs a break,

give him a safe space (like on a cushy playmat) to peace out.

Bring the noise

Make a ruckus to calm your cutie? It works. Think about it: The womb isn’t exactly a serene sanctuary, between the pounding of Mom’s heartbeat and other pleasing background noise. Those sounds are home to your baby, and you can recreate them with a fan, a vacuum, shushing, or a white-noise machine (Think waves, rain, and waterfalls!).

Walk this way

Can’t stop your cutie’s tears (and maybe even your own)? When in doubt, head out! A walk can be a (literal) breath of fresh air for both of you. Nature offers all kinds of soothing sounds and feels, from warm sunshine on her face to the rustle of the trees. Bonus: There’s an excellent chance she’ll see other babies out in the wild (always a welcome sight). So, strap on a carrier to keep her close and take a stroll.

Nexcare Liquid Bandage Spray

Nexcare Liquid Bandage Spray is an unique skin protectant with a ‘no sting’ formula available in an 18ml spray bottle.

doesn’t sting when applied • Provides breathable, waterproof protection which keeps out dirt and germs

Benefits of the spray includes • Unique skin protectant provides breathable, waterproof protection • Covers minor cuts and scrapes and

Nexcare Liquid Bandage Spray is suitable for larger scrapes and abrasions that are difficult to cover with traditional adhesive plasters. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

snippets - editor's choice

Popular efferflu-C immune booster now available in kids’ formulation Pharma Dynamics’ top-selling efferflu C Immune Booster – already a trusted name among South Africans – is now available to children as a berry-flavoured effervescent. Nicole Jennings, spokesperson for Pharma Dynamics says efferflu C Immune Booster Junior is the same vitamin C booster that consumers have come to know and trust, which has been reformulated for children aged four to 14.

development in children; maintenance of cartilage, bones and teeth; helps with the absorption of iron, wound healing and plays an important role in supporting healthy immunity. Zinc also plays a vital role in preventing the entry of pathogens into the body, while some studies suggest that echinacea, a plant known for its immune-bolstering and antioxidant properties may lower the risk of developing colds by more than 50%.

“Pre-schoolers and children of primary school age are at high risk for flu and other respiratory infections, especially during winter. In addition to a healthy diet, giving kids a daily immune-booster can assist in keeping them healthy,” says Jennings.

“Even when stricken by colds and flu or other respiratory infections of the nose, mouth, throat, and ears, taking immune boosting vitamins and minerals daily may help speed up children’s recovery and reduce the severity of symptoms,” Jennings adds.

In a recent survey conducted by Pharma Dynamics, most moms expressed concern for their children’s health during the pandemic with many giving their children two to three supplements daily.

efferflu C Immune Booster Junior is lactose-free, tartrazine-free and easy to administer. It comes in a tube of 20 effervescent tablets, retails for R95 and can be purchased at any pharmacy or online at www.mydynamicsstore.co.za

Jennings says the combination of Vitamin C, zinc and echinacea in efferflu C Immune Booster Junior will give children the extra boost they need.

Squish launches bigger pouch for toddlers Squish has launched a first! A new, larger 200ml pouch size especially for toddlers and their growing appetites. The new range includes three yoghurt flavours and three 100% fruit puree flavours packaged in the convenient new, bigger 200ml pouch. The bigger Squish 200ml pouch is perfectly sized for growing kids, in a convenient format that parents want, in a size they want. Just another reason why parents love the 100% goodness and convenience of Squish. The products are available nationwide at top-end retail, wholesale and specialist chains – find Squish in the baby food section.

“Vitamin C is essential for growth and www.babysandbeyond.co.za

snippets - editor's choice

K-LA Skincare: Apricot powder-to-foam facial cleanser Our gentle Apricot powder-to-foam facial cleanser is a smooth, dry, orange powder, but once you get it wet it transforms into a creamy lather or light foam. Great for all skin types, it contains all the goodness your skin needs. A blend of two soft, smooth clays – white Kaolin and red Kaolin clay – and a small amount of grounded Apricot kernel powder to help with exfoliation. The added oils (Apricot kernel and Vitamin E) give the finished product a richer feel and keeps it from being too floaty.

The benefits of clay for your skin Kaolin clay is famous for its oil absorbing properties that can help reduce shine and hide skin

Anyone who experiences dry, itchy or inflamed skin will find this a perfect natural treatment. • Mild and non-irritating • Moisturises without leaving greasy residue • Rich in essential fatty acid • 100% Natural • No preservatives • Free from parabens • Cruelty free

imperfections. It has antibacterial properties and may be useful in treating acne too. Red Kaolin clay is rich in silica and is gentle and perfect for even the most sensitive skins. It restores moisture to the skin, cleanses impurities and lightly exfoliates.

The benefits of Apricot kernel oil for your skin

Apricot kernel oil is a wonderful natural oil that nourishes the skin and improves skin tone. It helps soften fine lines and will restore a healthy glow to your skin.

All you do is mix the fine powder (less than half a teaspoon) with a bit of water, and it transforms into a silky foaming cleanser with just a hint of exfoliation. Massage into your face, and rinse before continuing with the rest of your skincare routine. Your skin will love you for this! www.k-la.co.za

ARK Playmats ARK Playmats are designed to complement your home interior and are stylish enough for any adult space, while providing a safe, practical space for kids to explore and grow. The beautiful playmats are made from premium quality foam, are easy to clean, keeping play time dust and toxin free. Buy online at www.arkplaymats.co.za

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CRYING, CRYING, CRYING, CRYING, FUSSING FUSSING FUSSING FUSSING BABY? BABY? BABY? BABY?

WINDS, WINDS, WINDS, WINDS, STOMACH STOMACH ACHE ACHE STOMACH STOMACHACHE ACHE

BEHOEDMIDDEL BEHOEDMIDDEL BEHOEDMIDDEL BEHOEDMIDDEL VIRVIRKINDERS KINDERS VIRVIRKINDERS KINDERS

COLIC COLIC COLIC COLIC

BEHOEDMIDDEL BEHOEDMIDDEL BEHOEDMIDDEL BEHOEDMIDDEL VIRVIRKINDERS KINDERS VIRVIRKINDERS KINDERS

Where Where the the use use of of Where Wherethetheuseuseofof an antacid anan anantacid antacid antacid is is indicated indicated isisindicated indicated SO Behoedmiddel SO Behoedmiddel Vir kinders. Vir kinders. Reg. Reg. No.: E/11.4.1/1528. No.: E/11.4.1/1528. Each Each 5 ml contains: 5 ml contains: Light Light Magnesium Magnesium Carbonate Carbonate 210,00 210,00 mg, mg, SO Behoedmiddel SO Chalk Behoedmiddel kinders. Vir kinders. Prepared Prepared Chalk 79,85Vir 79,85 mg, Alcohol mg, Alcohol (100 %) (100 6,48 %) % 6,48 v/v.% v/v. Reg. Reg. No.: E/11.4.1/1528. No.: E/11.4.1/1528. Each Each 5 ml contains: 5 ml contains: Light Light Magnesium Magnesium Carbonate Carbonate 210,00 210,00 mg, mg, Trademarks Trademarks are owned are owned by or by licensed or licensed to thetoAspen the Aspen groupgroup of companies of companies © 2021 © 2021 Prepared Prepared ChalkChalk 79,8579,85 mg, Alcohol mg, Alcohol (100 %) (100 6,48 %) % 6,48 v/v.% v/v. AspenAspen groupgroup of companies of companies or its or licensor. its licensor. All rights All rights reserved. reserved. Pharmacare Pharmacare Ltd. Co. Ltd. Co. Trademarks Trademarks are1898/000252/06. owned are owned by orHealthcare by licensed orHealthcare licensed toPark, thetoPark, Aspen the Aspen groupgroup of companies of companies © 2021 © 2021 Reg. Reg. No.: 1898/000252/06. No.: Woodlands Woodlands Drive, Drive, Woodmead, Woodmead, 2191. 2191. Aspen Aspen groupgroup of companies of companies or 08/2021 its or licensor. its licensor. All rights All rights reserved. reserved. Pharmacare Pharmacare Ltd. Co. Ltd. Co. ZAR-COR-06-21-00014 ZAR-COR-06-21-00014 08/2021 Reg. Reg. No.: 1898/000252/06. No.: 1898/000252/06. Healthcare Healthcare Park,Park, Woodlands Woodlands Drive,Drive, Woodmead, Woodmead, 2191.2191. ZAR-COR-06-21-00014 ZAR-COR-06-21-00014 08/2021 08/2021

Available Available atat pharmacies pharmacies Available Available atat pharmacies pharmacies and and stores stores nationwide. nationwide. and and stores stores nationwide. nationwide. www.lennon.co.za www.lennon.co.za www.lennon.co.za www.lennon.co.za

Marketed Marketed by Aspen by Aspen Pharmacare Pharmacare www.aspenpharma.com www.aspenpharma.com Marketed Marketed by Aspen by Aspen Pharmacare Pharmacare Hotline Hotline 0800 0800 122 912 122 912 www.aspenpharma.com www.aspenpharma.com Hotline Hotline 0800 0800 122 912 122 912

sticky notes

techniques that can be used to incorporate

a foreign language into your child's routine 1. Teaching through repetition (repetition builds recognition). 2. Use big gestures and physical demonstrations.

Why fathers play an important role

in a child’s life

Involved fathers promote inner growth and strength. Fathers that are affectionate and supportive, greatly affects a child's cognitive and social development. It also instills an overall sense of wellbeing and self-confidence.

3. Make use of a positive learning environment. 4. Teach through engaging activities. 5. Teach through play.

Clubfoot do I need to be

concerned?

This is a birth defect in which the foot is twisted out of shape or position. Despite its appearance, clubfoot itself doesn't cause any discomfort or pain. Treatment is usually successful. It includes stretching and casting (Ponseti method) or stretching and taping (French method). Sometimes, surgery is required. Babies with clubfoot are usually otherwise healthy.

Did you know? A child’s taste buds can be influenced during pregnancy. Your baby gulps amniotic fluid in your womb and this healthy eating journey continues during breastfeeding.

delicate stage of pregnancy?

What is the most

The first trimester (weeks 1-12) is the most fragile period of your pregnancy. During this stage all major organs and systems in your baby's body are formed. Most birth defects and miscarriages occur during the first trimester.

The 6 advantages

of breastfeeding 1. Less instances of allergies, eczema, and asthma. 2. Less childhood cancers, including leukemia and lymphomas. 3. Lowers the risk of type I and II diabetes. 4. Less instances of Crohn's disease and colitis. 5. Lowers the rate of respiratory illness. 6. Less speech and orthodontic problems. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

sticky notes

Early detection

of the big C in breasts… A lump in your breast or underarm, or a swelling in your armpit or near your collarbone that doesn't go away is often the first symptom of breast cancer. Your doctor can usually see a lump on a mammogram long before you can see or feel it.

Why pets are

The impor tanc e of

family plan

ning

Family plan ning promo tes a caring responsible and attitude tow ards sexual It ensures th behaviour. at every chil d is wanted encourages . It also the plannin g and spacing the number of of children according to a family's h ome condit ions and financial inco me.

good for kids?

There are many benefits that pets provide for kids. The feeding and caring for pets enhances childhood responsibilities. Amongst other benefits, positive relationships with pets can aid in the development of trusting relationships with others. Children with pets display improved impulse control, social skills and self-esteem. Sharing the love and care of a family pet forges an additional common bond among siblings. Cuddling a pet reduces stress, loneliness and anxiety.

f o k s i r r u o y r e Low

miscarriage

In many cases, the cause of a miscarriage is not known and you would not have been able to prevent it. However, there are ways to lower the risk of a miscarriage, including: • don’t smoke during pregnancy • don’t drink alcohol or use drugs during pregnancy • follow a healthy balanced diet with at least 5 portions of fruit and vegetables a day • try to avoid coming into contact with certain infections during pregnancy, such as rubella • avoid certain foods during pregnancy, which could make you ill or harm your baby (consult with a medical practitioner) • maintain a healthy weight before getting pregnant www.babysandbeyond.co.za

What are developmental

milestones?

Milestones are the things a child can do by a certain age. Most children develop skills and abilities in roughly the same order, but the timeframes involved aren’t exact. They vary from child to child.

Did you there are three stages of know three stages of menopause? Perimenopause when a women’s body begins to transition

Menopause when a woman experiences 12 consecutive months without a menstrual period

Post menopause this stage is normally 24 to 36 months after your last period, when your symptoms begin to subside.

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cover feature

Candice Manuel,

multi award-winning businesswoman, model, influencer and mom-preneur Dale Sylvester

www.babysandbeyond.co.za

cover feature

From an early age, Candice Manuel has always had a flair for fashion and started modelling for an agency at the age of 16. Today, she is a successful 'curve' model for TV commercials, locally and internationally. She is also the owner of Embrace Your Curves, a brand that includes a plus-size bridal collection.

f course, as a teen I was still developing into the women I would become, and my body started taking shape, which was not ideal for the fashion industry! At the age of 18 I was asked to drop 10kg or my contract would be terminated, to which of course I tried every single diet you could think of, even though I was a teen girl wearing a size 8/10 jeans," says Candice. Her confidence, mental and physical health took a huge knock and Candice decided to work in the corporate world and study at the same time. She completed her studies in Human Resource Management and Financial Administration, and also launched a kiddie’s party business to earn some extra cash to pay for her studies.

How did your life progress from there?

Fast forwarding to when I started “embracing my curves”, I started an online platform for women of all shapes and sizes to share in my journey. This opened many doors for me, including being scouted by various modelling agencies and then finally signing with one at the age of 29 as a size 18! Ironic! I can humbly say that I am now a successful signed curve model, although most of my work comprises of acting in TV commercials. I’ve had the privilege of shooting various international commercials which is the most exciting part of my job, I love being on big sets and getting to portray a different character each time. I am also the owner of Embrace Your Curves, which is a brand that now includes a plus-size bridal collection. I www.babysandbeyond.co.za

am also the owner of my own lash range, Candashian Lashes, and recently started an all inclusive clothing line which includes catering for women of all shapes and sizes, as well as maternity wear. I am a motivational speaker, doing talks at various women empowerment and corporate events across the country, including the likes of the Graça Machel Trust, Stellenbosch University and many others. I also visit many schools and colleges, chatting to the youth about selfacceptance and being body positive and have done various online international interviews and talks. Some of my highlights include: Walking in International African Fashion Week. Doing various radio, newspaper and magazine interviews. Appearing multiple times on the Expresso show, Spice TV, CTV and Kyknet. I am also one of the first Capetonian plus-size women to feature in Women’s Health SA. I won the Face of Milady in 2018/2019, and can be seen in the windows nationally in Donna Fashion stores and also feature on various ecommerce sites across the country.

You have just given birth to your newborn. As a busy woman, how do you cope with being a mom at the same time?

My husband, Shaun and I are pretty much still trying to figure this parenting thing out, learning each day. Our little girl has been the biggest blessing in our lives and we cannot imagine our life before this (except for a bit more sleep). Coping with this and trying to maintain “being me”, I think came at the perfect timing. When Shaun and I decided to start a family, it was in the chaos of it all with the global pandemic hitting many industries. For me personally, I was always hesitant to have kids, fearing it would negatively impact my career that I was just starting to thrive in – until COVID hit and gave many the eye opener we all so very much needed. We needed to see that life is short, that the buzz all dies down, to realise what’s important and most importantly, realise that time waits for no one. My husband then lost his dad in September 2020, which was one of the saddest things to endure. It was then when we decided it was time to start planning for a family.

We have one life to live; having that defined by an unrealistic beauty standard is a waste of precious time.

cover feature To our surprise it happened a lot sooner than we had anticipated and as much as that is a HUGE blessing, it came with many challenges. We were placed in a situation where Shaun was not allowed to go with me to any prenatal visits. Emotionally I knew I had to think of the bigger picture and focus on the health and safety of our little girl, but as first time parents, this was something we both felt we missed out on sharing together. BUT! Thanks to technology, Shaun was constantly kept in the loop and made to feel very much apart of every single scan. I then went into labor during the third wave with COVID cases increasing rapidly. Thankfully Shaun was allowed in to witness the birth of our daughter,

although visits were restricted to one hour a day… but I always say we have our entire lives ahead of us to make much more memories together.

Can you tell us more about the women empowerment platform which you established to change the narrative for plussized women? Embrace Your Curves (EYC) is a women empowerment platform I created in 2016, very much when body positivity was still in its infancy. I use this platform to promote local plus-size brands, share other women’s stories and most importantly, to spread the message of self-love.

EYC quickly turned into a full-time business when we branched out into selling slogan apparel T-shirts with body positive messages printed on them, including an active range that we launched in 2019. Our social media platforms reached more than 38 000 followers and I knew that with this reach, I could not only spread a message of self-love but also use it to give back to our communities. Pre-COVID, I would host quarterly non profitable events to aid the communities in and around Cape Town. This included hosting events where all takings were donated to an organisation, or entry fees would be donated to a worthy cause. Unfortunately, with the times we are living in now, most of these initiatives are now done online only. However, that does not stop us from doing our part. Our aim is to reach various organisations ranging from sanitary towel drives, food parcels, care packs for the elderly and clothing or toys for children’s homes and much more. I’ve been awarded Business of the Year in the Cape Metro District 2019, Influencer of the year 2019 and the recipient of the W.O.W I Conquer Award 2020.

What do you enjoy most about being mom?

A silly thing I always tell Shaun is that one day our kids will say things like, “Oh I need to first ask my mom and dad”, and that will be us! That blows my mind every time. I honestly thought I knew love but until I became a mother, an entire new part of love was opened up to me. The love I get to witness when my husband looks at our daughter and the love I feel for him and her literally makes my heart want to explode. Of course, with the nappy and feeding times we have those moments of exhaustion, but in all, having a family of our own is by far the part I enjoy the most about being a mom.

www.babysandbeyond.co.za

cover feature You are rapidly joining the ranks of international influencers who lead strong positive initiatives. Where do you see yourself in the next five years? This in itself is such an honour as my aim was always to not be an “influencer” but more a positive influence on the way others accept themselves. Given the times we’re currently living in, my five-year plan has changed as life happened. However, with me now being a mom, I’d like to broaden my market to moms and all that this journey has to offer. But I guess we will just wait and see. I’m passionate about making a difference with the work that I do, so hopefully this is something I can continue to do with a broader audience.

When did your passion for business develop and what do enjoy most about being selfemployed?

For me the best part was not giving up on my dream. I literally had all the odds against me for what was seen as the typical beauty standard for the media and fashion industry. When I started to smash those labels one by one I knew that this was not just my dream but my purpose. I love the fact that I get to be creative, meet loads of different people and be a part of a movement where woman are finally loving themselves more, and most importantly, working together. But too, along with all the passion and drive, earing a living from it is all on me. It’s on me to put in the work, think out of the box and make it work so that I can live out my dream while receiving an income from it.

You are a well-known influencer and the 'queen of body positivity'. What advice do you have for women about loving their bodies, especially after birth?

I’ve always been very outspoken about how I embrace every inch of my body and how that doesn’t define me. Although when I found out I was pregnant, I wondered if this part of me would change, given the very drastic changes I would encounter carrying a child. My first test was stretch marks… I mentally prepared myself that this was going to be difficult for me, until the most beautiful thing happened. Because I am a bigger woman, my baby bump didn’t show as quickly as someone smaller than I would. Until I started seeing the first few stretchmarks on my belly was the most liberating feeling for me. I took it as a sign that my baby was growing! And it actually made me so excited. I now look at my changed body and tell myself "Wow! You carried a child in there! Like how amazing is that and what a miracle it is to experience". I’m now learning to love the new body I’ve been blessed with and the story it tells. My advice to myself firstly, would be to listen to what I’ve been telling women across the world for the longest time: “We have one life to live; having that defined by an unrealistic beauty standard is a waste of precious time. We are all beautiful in our own unique way and the minute we see that for ourselves, we’ll realise just how amazing we all are.” I always say, we are all so focused on our own insecurities... read that again. We are focused on our own... so technically no one actually really cares about the flaws you see in yourself because we are all so focused on our own. Never let that get in the way of you being great! Embrace Your Curves. 

Candice’s Favourites: Movie: 10 Things I hate about you & Happy Feet Music: House music, old school jazz Food: Italian (Pastas, Pizzas, Carbs!) Hobbies: Being creative, photography, creative directing and acting Favourite holiday destination: I can't choose a favourite, but a dream destination would be to travel to Milan with my daughter to show her where her name originates from. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

breastfeeding

Weaning your baby – how to avoid raising a picky eater When your child reaches the age of four months, you are thrown one of the most important tasks of the early child-raising years: transitioning your baby onto solid foods. Without guidance, it can be challenging to know where to begin and what advice to follow.

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breastfeeding

ath Megaw and Meg Faure, authors of Weaning Sense say that feeding your child is an activity packed with emotions and that it’s about nurturing, loving and being a responsible parent. “Most parents find the prospect of starting their child on solids a daunting thought because aside from the long-term implications, there is a lot of conflicting information.” Faure and Megaw say that a change in mealtimes and feeding, brought about by a busier, modern world has led to a rise in children that can be described as ‘picky eaters’. “Picky eating has been put down to the dramatic rise in food allergies and intolerances as well as the sensory challenge of exploring new foods.

Baby’s sensory system affects weaning

“Like many behaviours of early childhood, a baby’s sensory system affects weaning. The way a baby perceives sensation through the eight senses has a strong influence on his or her feeding behaviour.” This sensory processing and its impact on weaning led the authors to define four sensory personalities to help guide parents through the weaning process. The personalities according to Weaning Sense are:

Social butterfly

These babies are aware that there is more sensory input and excitement in the world than they are getting information on. In an attempt to interact more with the world, they seek very high levels of sensory input and are generally very gregarious babies. “Each new bowl and plate of food brings endless exotic possibilities for the social butterfly,” says Faure. “Your social butterfly will do well if you add in new foods at quite a rapid rate.”

Slow to warm up

These babies feel sensation, changes of temperature, notice sounds and all sorts of sensory input in very high volumes, making them easily feel overwhelmed and overstimulated. The slow to warm up baby avoids sensory information to manage her state of wellbeing better and remain calmer. “Novel experiences of flavour and texture can create issues for these babies, and one negative experience with a certain food can lead to a fussy eater.”

Sensitive

Like the slow to warm up baby, the sensitive baby is way more sensitive to sensory input than all other babies. Her brain seems to notice all sensory input, meaning that the world feels too busy and overwhelming. “In a state of sensory overload the sensitive baby becomes irritable and fractious,” says Faure. The sensitive baby can be a tricky eater that is sensitive to tastes, textures and other sensory input. They are likely to be resistant to solids and rely on their intake of milk.

Settled

These babies are the opposite of sensitive babies and are usually so laid back that almost anything can happen in their world and they would not respond negatively. The settled baby is a calm baby who sleeps very well, eats well and is generally happy to play on their own. The settled baby will embark on the weaning journey happily.

Faure and Megaw say that each sensory personality calls for a different approach to weaning whether that is an adventurous, fast-paced journey through many different tastes and textures, or a slower introduction to solid food using soft food and baby-led weaning-inspired options.

www.babysandbeyond.co.za

breastfeeding Food made for every type of baby

In the development of their new range of baby food, local food brand UCOOK took guidance on these sensory personalities in the development of the products. UCOOK CEO David Torr, says that the brand grouped certain flavours and textures together based not only on a particular baby's weaning stage, but also on their sensory capability. He references the ‘Taking it easy bundle’ that boasts simple, gentle flavours for the slow to warm up baby in the early stages of the weaning process. “Understanding the needs of our core customer was critical in the development of the food and the way in which we ‘bundled’ the products for ease of convenience.” Faure and Megaw say that it’s interesting as a parent to understand your own sensory personality and how that impacts mealtimes. “The fact that you can’t handle the way your baby messes at mealtimes may be caught up in your need for order as a slow to warm up mom,” says the pair. “Being aware of your responses alongside your baby’s sensory personality is a vital step in the weaning journey.” 

Picky eating has been put down to the dramatic rise in food allergies and intolerances as well as the sensory challenge of exploring new foods.

For more information visit https://ucook.co.za/babyfood or follow the brand on Instagram: https:// www.instagram.com/ ucook.baby/

References: Faure, M; Megaw, K, ed. (2017) Weaning Sense. South Africa: Quivertree Publications

www.babysandbeyond.co.za

breast feeding

Pumping up your

milk supply Catherine Clark, founder and owner of The Harvest Table is no stranger to breastfeeding. With two children of her own (Josh, 12 and Ella, 9), she knows exactly how tough it is to be a new mom and the challenges that are part and parcel of this marathon.

“W

ith your emotions running high due to the volatile cocktail of no sleep and raging hormones, it’s easy to feel like you’re on a rollercoaster with no end in sight," says Catherine. "And, when it feels like your milk supply is dwindling, panic does tend to set in. But resist the urge to run away, rather try these tips from someone who has been there, done that, and got the milk-stained T-shirt!”

Five tips to increase your milk supply:

Get enough sleep: A lack of sleep is one of the biggest culprits when it comes to low milk supply. Easier said than done? We all know that new moms don’t choose to skip a nap, that’s why it’s vital that you try to sleep when your baby sleeps, or ask a friend to babysit while you grab some much-needed oblivion. If you’re not getting sufficient sleep, you’ll naturally be more stressed, and the subsequent release of stress hormones will have the domino effect of reducing your milk supply and trapping you in a vicious cycle.

Pump between feeds: It’s a good idea to pump after every feed to ensure that both breasts are totally empty, as this is a trigger for your body to start producing more milk. It’s a simple case of supply and demand – the more milk your breasts need, the more they will make.

Offer both sides during feeding: Breastfeeding from both sides during feeds is said to encourage a stronger supply of milk. Do remember to alternate the breast you start the feeding on, each time you feed your baby. As the first breast usually gets the lion’s share of your baby’s attention, wear a hair scrunchie around your wrist to remind you which breast you finished the last feed on so that you don’t keep starting on the same breast.

Eat lots of galactagogues (foods that increase breast milk supply): Breastfeeding is a hungry monster that requires a lot of fuel to produce quality milk. To give your body the best chance of producing great breast milk, include as many of the following in your daily diet as possible: bone broth, coconut, lentils, liver, oatmeal, garlic, chickpeas and sweet potatoes. Bone broth is one of the best superfoods, full of gut-healing and body-boosting nutrients. Made by slow boiling bones in water for an extended period of time, the bones release their nutrients into the water, creating an extremely nutrient rich broth. But which new mom has the time to make her own bone broth?! Simply shop online and get yours delivered to your door by The Harvest Table. By adding bone broth powder to your soups, stews and sauces, you’ll give your milk supply a turbo boost.

Avoid too much of these: New moms should avoid large quantities of sage, peppermint, oregano, lemon balm, parsley, thyme, caffeine (in tea, carbonated drinks, chocolate, energy drinks and headache medicine), citrus juice, fresh tomatoes and alcohol, as these may result in a decreased milk production.  Visit www.harvesttable.co.za to order your bone broth and other healthy products for the whole family. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

Constipation can leave your little one’s tummy feeling

bloated and uncomfortable.1 When in need of relief from constipation, trust LACSON.

1. Healthline. Wells D. Abdominal Pain And Constipation. [updated 2019 March 07; cited 2020 July 31]. Available from https://www.healthline.com/ health/abdominal-pain-and-constipation 2. Nielsen’s Total SA, Liquid Laxative data by brand in value, June 2020. S0 LACSON. Reg. No.: Z/11.5/0055. Each 5 ml of syrup contains

3,3 g of lactulose

. Trademarks are owned by or licensed to the Aspen Group of companies. © 2021 Aspen Group of companies or its licensor. All rights reserved. Pharmacare Limited. Co. Reg. No.:1898/000252/06. Healthcare Park, Woodlands Drive, Woodmead, 2191. ZAR-LAU-02-21-00002 02/2021

Marketed by Aspen Pharmacare www.aspenpharma.com Hotline 0800 122 912

child abuse

Understanding & intervention

are key to breaking the cycle of child abuse In a country where violence against women and children is perpetuated and bullying in schools has tragic ramifications, many are asking the question: What can our society do to address the root cause of such behaviour, and how can we free our children and future generations from the cycle of abuse? 28

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child abuse

hillip van Rensburg, a clinical psychologist practising at Akeso George, notes that in many cases, abusers have experienced abuse in their own lives, either first-hand as a victim or by witnessing abuse in the family environment. “Abusers often come from a background where they did not feel validated as a child – where they were not made to feel accepted for who they are as a person. There are a few common situations in which this can occur,” Van Rensburg explains. • A ‘poor fit’ at home – feeling like an outsider in the family. • A chaotic home – lack of structure and routines; a confusing, disruptive and disorganised environment; and high levels of unpredictability. • An abusive home – witnessing or being a victim of abuse in the home, be it emotional, physical or sexual. • Other abusive environments – witnessing or being a victim of abuse outside the home, in other regularly frequented environments such as at school or the home of extended family or friends.“A child in one or more of these types of dysfunctional situations can develop the belief that they are not recognised as a person and the only way for them to take control of a situation and gain that recognition is to abuse someone else. The feeling of power this brings about then reinforces their belief about the self, resulting in a vicious cycle of abuse, which can already begin to show in childhood with abuse towards other children, often referred to as bullying,” explains Van Rensburg. “Abusive behaviour is also common in children whose parents are deceased or unable to care for them and who are shunted from one household or place of care to the next. These children can identify themselves as being the problem. They become anxious and angry and can act this out in abusive behaviour towards others,” he says.

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How abuse creeps in According to the Optimus Study on Child Abuse, Violence and Neglect in South Africa*, over 40% of young people in the country have experienced neglect or abuse of a sexual, physical or emotional nature at some point in their lives. With many cases of abuse going unreported, the pervasiveness of the problem may be far greater. Van Rensburg says that many abusers use insidious tactics of gaining control over a person or situation. “Adults abusing children may, for example, gain the trust of their victims with material gifts or emotional manipulation, or they may instil fear with the use of threats to prevent the child from telling anyone.

“Financial abuse of a female partner is another way that a male abuser may gradually work to gain control of a situation, disempowering her under the guise of taking care of her and the children and closing the doors to other choices and opportunities in their lives. This could then graduate to physical forms of abuse in the household, by which time he has such a high level of control that it immobilises the family and no-one speaks out,” he says. “Abused children may act out abuse against their peers in the form of emotional intimidation, humiliation and physical violence. However, that is not to say that all children who are abused will become abusers, or that all abusers have themselves been abused, but there is often a link.”

Setting the example According to Van Rensburg, whether abuse has crept into a family or peer group, or whether it has always been there – such as for a child who has only ever known their parent to be abusive – an example is set for the children involved. “Learned behaviour is very much a part of the cycle of abuse. Children who grow up witnessing abuse could consider that behaviour as normal or acceptable, and may then copy it and go on to

abuse others. This may not only relate to physical abuse, but is commonly linked to emotional abuse too. This could be as outright as a parent telling their child that they are stupid and useless, for example, or could be something more calculated such as using a child as a strategic pawn in a divorce. Any type of act on this spectrum of emotional abuse can invalidate the child, leading them to perpetuate emotional abuse towards others,” Van Rensburg cautions.

Identifying child abuse Van Rensburg asserts that when it comes to the perpetrators of abuse, there is no absolute rule and abuse of all types can occur in all situations. However, generally speaking, there are patterns that have been observed in certain relationships. “Neglect as well as emotional and physical abuse, are most commonly enacted by parents or guardians, the child’s primary caregivers. Sexual abuse, on the other hand, is often carried out by someone close to the family such as an extended family member or close friend."

Children who are being abused and are not telling anyone about it need help. Concerned family members or friends may first notice that something is wrong when a child or teen displays a sudden change in behaviour that is not transient. Signs to look out for may include: • Regression in functioning, such as bedwetting in young kids • Depression or withdrawal in teens; • Symptoms of post traumatic stress disorder such as flashbacks and/or anxiety; and • Aggression and/or agitation

child abuse

Getting help

Van Rensburg explains that when it comes to officially reporting a case of abuse there are steps that need to be taken, starting with the police and social services. “Concrete evidence is required for the police to become involved; however, if an adult is aware of a case of abuse against a child they should report it regardless of proof. It is also important to report the abuse to someone else within the family who can be trusted, to start building a team around the young person who needs help,” he advises. “A psychologist who suspects that a child is being abused may start by inviting the parents in for a conversation to understand events at home. Alternatively, the psychologist may involve a social worker from the outset who would then go to the home of the child and undertake an inspection, possibly with follow-ups, to assess the situation. “If you are an adult in whom a child has confided, it can be difficult to tread the fine line between keeping the child’s trust and getting help. It is important to let them know that you need to tell someone who can help because they are in danger, and the abuser may also abuse others.”

Stopping the cycle Van Rensburg says that there are many cases where an abuser is open to addressing the underlying issues that cause them to abuse. He notes that therapy can be useful and in cases where a psychiatric disorder exists, such as bipolar disorder or schizophrenia, adherence to the correct medication can have a positive impact. “Those who become violent after alcohol or substance abuse bring a whole new set of challenges into the mix, as the individual needs to work through the phases of denial, admission of a pattern and so forth. It is possible to make real change but it requires commitment and support," he says. “If the abuser is a child it is important for them to receive help in working through the underlying issues that drive them to abuse others. This is not only for the sake of those negatively impacted by the child’s behaviour but also for the child in question, who may be suffering from abuse or other serious contributing factors. “Finally, at a societal level, we need to step away from stigmatisation and work towards conversation and healing if we are to break the cycle. It can be difficult to consider an abuser’s point of view, but the more we shun and stigmatise those who abuse rather than to get them the help they need, the more the cycle is perpetuated,” concludes Van Rensburg. 

For information about concentration and memory concerns or accessing mental health services or if you are in an emotional crisis, Akeso is here to help. Contact info@akeso.co.za or visit www.akeso.co.za or www.copetherapy.co.za. In the event of a psychological crisis, emergency support can be reached at 0861 435 787, where you can access a counsellor 24 hours a day. Outpatient psychologist and occupational therapist consultations can be booked via www.copetherapy.co.za and psychiatrist consultations through Netcare appointmed™, online at www.netcareappointmed.co.za or by calling 0861 555 565. The COPE Therapy website www.copetherapy.co.za also contains many useful blog posts on various issues and tips relating to mental health. REFERENCE *Burton P, Ward CL, Artz L & Leoschut L (2015) The Optimus study on child abuse, violence and neglect in South Africa. Cape Town: Centre for Justice and Crime Prevention http://www.ci.uct.ac.za/overview-violence/research-bulletin/optimus-study-on-child-abuse-violence-neglect-in-SA

Phillip van Rensburg, clinical psychologist practising at Akeso George www.babysandbeyond.co.za

eping m and ommy baby happ y

bonnycare Contains ingredients that can help combat and relieve common gastro-intestinal discomforts in infants & children such as: Tummy Cramps Indigestion Bloating Poor appetite

Journal of Herbal Medicine and Toxicology EVALUATION OF SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF A POLYHERBAL PREPARATION (KIDEASE), IN THE TREATMENT OF DIGESTIVE DISORDERS IN CHILDREN". Babudeb Dutta1, T.K.Barua2, Krishna sen3, Anjan Adhikari3; Complementary medicine: Category D 33.5 Unani Medicine The pharmacological action of Bonnycare syrup is based on the Unani-Tibb philosophy. Proprietary name: Bonnycare syrup, each 5ml contains: Tinospora cordifolia 1 mg; Emblica officinalis 0.5 mg; Capparis spinosa 0,5 mg Piper longum 0.5 mg; Foeniculum vulgare 1 mg; Cichorium intybus 0.5 mg; Cassia occidentalis 0.5 mg; Terminalia chebula 0.5 mg; Elettaria cardamomum0.5 mg; Glycyrhiza glabra 0.5 mg; Anethum graveolons 0.0018 ml. Tibb Health Sciences (Pty) Ltd| Pharmaceutical| Toll free: 0800 22 8422| www.tibbherbals.com. This unregistered medicine has not been evaluated by the SAHPRA for its quality, safety or intended use. YMBON001/01

child development

The FUNdamentals of teaching a child to read from an early age

Knowledge is a gift that parents can give their children from an early age. Commemorative days such as Children's Book Day and World Reading Day are a great reminder of the power that reading holds. Pampers parenting expert, Sister Yolanda Mpilo, advises on how parents can get their children to love reading, way before they start school.

ccording to Sister Yolanda, there are great benefits that come with starting children on reading at an early age. “There isn’t a proper age to start teaching your children how to read. From birth, babies are developing new skills, including comprehension. However, around three years old, parents can start introducing the concept of reading, starting with something as simple as learning to read their name.” Teaching a child to read from an early age equips them for when they start their school adventure. Reading stimulates early language development. Children are much likelier to succeed academically, as they already have the foundation of strong vocabulary skills. “Reading is also brain-stimulating. The amount of time they spend concentrating on a book teaches them how to focus on things for a longer span, it helps increase their tolerance in paying attention”, says Sister Yolanda.

Embedded in books are life’s greatest secrets and the key to unlocking them has always been reading. By reading, children are exposed to a variety of things about the world we live in –language, numbers, and many other things. Teaching them to read earlier in life, means you are allowing them to learn more about the world and to gain a deeper understanding of their world.

A challenge parents may face is how they get their children started on reading, without making them feel uncomfortable or self-conscious. Learning to read is one of the most challenging skills a child will learn, so parents are required to be a little bit more patient and creative in this process. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

child development Put what they read into context

Understanding the context of what they Building vocabulary are reading can be complex for children Building a vocabulary means you will have to introduce your child to starting to learn. Parents could start with more words that they are not familiar with. Simple texts and captions have teaching them their names, as it is easy proven helpful in this phase; encourage them to read more of these. and familiar. This will help get them used to how letters look, Play I-Spy Writing the sound, and feel. By calling There is a term called ‘environmental print’, which refers This is also vital to a child’s out the letters individually, they to the print that appears in signs, labels and logos. An reading process. You need slowly understand that when example would be street signs and the M in McDonald’s to encourage them to write letters are put together, they seen at their restaurants. Play a game of I-Spy whenever those sounds of letters make up their name. you’re out with your child. This technique helps build a mentioned above, this is connection between letters and reading. called 'encoding' and works Blending words to alongside the reading make a sentence process. Ask questions After understanding how Parents should also take time to ask questions each letter sounds, and then while reading a book with their children. It’s not Make reading a a complete word, parents can only a great way to encourage them to interact family affair move on to teaching them with the book, but it also positively affects their Children like to take cues from how to blend words to form comprehension skills. This will be a great skill to their parents' behaviour, often a sentence. This will slowly have developed by the time they start school. attempting to mimic their actions. help them make sense of Parents can take advantage what they read. “It’s important to remember that children have of this by picking up reading different temperaments, parents should exercise material and encouraging their patience when teaching them to read. If a child to do the same. This is a method or technique doesn’t work for a child, positive re-enforcement of the be flexible and explore alternative solutions. The act of reading. Reading together idea is to make it fun and engaging for them”, also builds a special bond adds Sister Yolanda.  between parents and their kids.

Sister Yolanda Mpilo www.babysandbeyond.co.za

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home remedies

What can I drink to

clear my sinuses? Drinking plenty of clear fluids will help you stay hydrated and can also help loosen mucus and clear congestion. Good choices for fluids to drink to ease a sinus infection include plain water, or hot water with lemon, honey, or ginger.

7best

cold sore remedies

10 natural ways

1. Lemon balm 2. OTC antivirals 3. Ice 4. Aloe Vera 5. Sunscreen 6. Stress reduction 7. Ibuprofen or acetaminophen

to reduce blood pressure 1. Exercise regularly 2. Drink hibiscus tea 3. Don’t drink alcohol 4. Don’t smoke, or smoke less 5. Reduce caffeine

6. Stress less 7. Reduce your sugar intake 8. Increase sleep 9. Eat garlic 10. Increase your protein intake

6 ways

to help eliminate excess mucus and phlegm 1. Keep the air moist in your bedroom. 2. Drink plenty of fluids. 3. Keep your head elevated. 4. Do not suppress a cough. 5. Use a saline nasal spray or rinse. 6. Gargle with salt water.

How to treat crusty eyes Good eye hygiene may help improve crusty eyes. To wash the eyes, dilute baby shampoo (or any other gentle soap you can tolerate) with warm water and apply it along the eyelashes, gently scrubbing for 15 seconds and then rinsing.

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home remedies

How to calm down a colic baby

• Lie them on their back in a dark, quiet room. • Wrap your baby snugly in a blanket. • Make them comfortable on your lap and gently rub their back. • Put a warm water bottle on your baby's tummy (not too warm). • Have your baby suck on a pacifier. • Soak your baby in a warm bath.

s s e r t s e v e i l re gnancy during pre

How to ease

nappy rash Put your breast milk on a cotton pad and swab gently Do the same with cider vinegar, olive oil or coconut oil Gently pat on cornstarch

your breathing. 1. Concentrate on ht exercises. 2. Stretch and do lig you can. 3. Rest as much as massage. 4. De-stress with a talk. 5. Use positive selfint tea. 6. Sip on pepper m bother you. else about things that ne eo m so to lk Ta 7.

How can I treat

my baby’s eczema naturally? Add a bit of baking soda, uncooked oatmeal, or colloidal oatmeal (made specifically for baths) into the bathtub when you wash your baby. If this doesn't help, its best to consult your paediatrician.

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Hayfever • Inhale steam • Drink herbal teas • Eat garlic • Drink honey and lemon with hot water • Drink plenty of water

treatments

to s y a w t s e b 7 e h T

Ways to get rid of

cramps during pregnancy

Drink at least 8 cups of water daily. Cramps occur more often when your body is dehydrated.

2 3 4 5 6 7

Stop smoking! Talk to your doctor about taking extra magnesium. Stretch to get rid of cramps during pregnancy. Elevate your legs while you sleep. Get enough sleep. Relax with a gentle massage.

child safety

Your definitive

anti-kidnapping guide

South African parents are urged to be vigilant, educate themselves and their children on the very real dangers of kidnapping and have proactive measures in place to avoid becoming victims.

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child safety

t’s been reported that a child goes missing every five hours in our country and according to Missing Children South Africa, 23% of the children are never found, trafficked or found deceased. “The last thing you want to do is instil a sense of fear in your children, but a healthy awareness of the dangers of the world could end up saving their lives. When it comes to kidnapping, the more knowledge both the parent and child have, the better their chances of identifying kidnappers and preventing the unthinkable from happening,” explains Seugnette van Wyngaard, Head of 1st for Women Insurance. 1st for Women offers the following anti-kidnapping advice to parents and children:

Eyes open: Always keep an eye out for strangers loitering nearby. Avoid being distracted by your phone or other devices and duties or activities that you aren’t fully aware of your surroundings. Kidnappings happen in a matter of seconds. If you see anything untoward, report it to the authorities. Avoid danger areas: Avoid spots where you can become easily separated from your children and where they can disappear in the masses. Teach your children to always be in a well-protected and monitored area, where a responsible adult or authority is nearby. Also start right at your own doorstep and make sure that your home is thoroughly secured against would-be kidnappers. Who you gonna call? A two-way line of communication should be available between parents and children at all times. Instruct your children to call you immediately when something is amiss or when there’s a change in plans that they haven’t cleared with you, even if it comes from someone they know well. They should also know their own address, home phone number, your cellphone number and emergency contact numbers. ID check: Instill a healthy sense of skepticism in your children. When someone claims to be an official or to know you, insist that they check with you to verify this. Keep your friends close: Children should always be close to their parents, particularly in busy, public spaces. If your children go out, they should always take a friend with them, especially to a place they haven’t been before. Ideally, a responsible adult should also be in the vicinity in case something goes awry. Make sure the school has done its homework: Your child’s school must have proactive measures in place against kidnapping and enforce these to ensure your child’s safety. Have a backup plan: Your children should always know what they should do and where they should meet you if they are lost in a public area. This will help even if you don’t have cellphone reception.

Seugnette van Wyngaard, Head of 1st for Women Insurance.

Move as fast as you can, make as much noise as possible: If someone follows your children, tries to restrain them or force them into a car, they should run and scream as loudly as they can. Tracking apps and panic buttons: Use technology at your disposal to know where your children are at all times and to allow them to alert you immediately if need be. 

“It’s important to speak to your children about safety, to reassure them that they can trust you and that they can speak to you about absolutely anything that makes them feel uncomfortable, confused or frightened,” van Wyngaard concludes. “We owe it to ourselves and our children to be prepared.”

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financial wellbeing

Money lessons to teach children In these fast-changing times it can be daunting for parents to think about what they should be teaching their children for an unknown financial future, but when it comes to money, some old-fashioned lessons will be applicable in most scenarios.

t’s crucial to teach children to respect money from an early age, says Brett Mackay, Investment Consultant & Group RA Manager at 10X Investments. “Buy them a piggy bank, set up a savings account early, and help them to save and spend their own money,” he advises.

Pocket money

Mackay believes pocket money is a good thing and can be used as a “tool for learning about saving, budgeting and even delayed gratification”. But, he says, there should be reasonable limits and firm rules. “Children should know that when their pocket money runs out, it runs out … unless of course there is a way to earn a little more by taking on extra chores around the house or garden,” he says. “By encouraging your kids to earn money through work you are also teaching them the value of money.” Brett says he is grateful that his parents taught him some key lessons about money, but wishes they had introduced him to slightly more complex concepts, such as building a share portfolio, or investing in index funds for low-cost long-term wealth creation.

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financial wellbeing

Tax-free savings investments

you gets into trouble will give you a lot of confidence, as well as some choices and comfort at a difficult time,” he says. “Having access to emergency funds also means that you don’t need to take money out of your investments, which could have a negative effect on the compound growth.”

He suggests that parents set up a tax-free savings investment for their children as soon as they are born. This will give them a great start in life as they will have many years of compound growth ahead of them. “Ideally, aim to invest as close to the maximum annual allowance of R36 000 as you can manage, and make sure you are not losing a disproportionate amount of the growth to high fees, and are investing into broad low-cost ETFs rather than just using your bank.” Mackay adds: “Talking to your children about this investment account will give you an entry into a number of key topics and areas: taxation, reading the small print, compound growth, investing, keeping an eye on costs – to mention but a few.”

Talking about taxes

He thinks parents should talk to their children about the importance of taxes too. “It is helpful to understand why we pay taxes and what to expect when you start working. Some people never understand taxes, why we pay them and why certain expenses – such as saving for your retirement – attract tax relief. It is a real pity that many taxpayers never get the leg-up that tax incentives provide because they don’t ever experience them.”

Good credit versus bad credit

Brett adds that, especially in our creditmad society, parents should teach their www.babysandbeyond.co.za

children that debt has a role to play in a responsible financial plan, but its use should be managed carefully. The lesson here is that, while money has value, it can’t buy you happiness. “We all need to understand the difference between big, value-adding purchases, such as an education, a home or even cars; and nice-to-haves, like dinners out and new clothes. The earlier you start to understand the difference between what some people call good credit and bad credit the sooner you can start making good choices for yourself.”

Even if money changes drastically in the future and we start using alternative currencies, or even different systems, says Mackay. “It is important to teach your children about good financial habits”. “Making informed choices about budgeting, spending and saving will set them up to avoid the mistakes that so many South Africans have made before and are still making today.” 

Budgeting

Another good habit parents can pass on or teach their children is budgeting. “Once they start earning money they need to know how to budget. By creating a budgeting plan they will find it far easier to keep track of how much they can spend and how much they can save.” Mackay adds that parents should teach their children the importance of being prepared for an emergency. “Having some funds that you can access quickly when you or someone close to

Brett Mackay, Investment Consultant & Group RA Manager at 10X Investments.

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health

Understanding and

s s o l r i a h g n i t a tre

Today, it is more prevalent than . few t ec sel a ted ec aff s los ir ha . Gone are the days when the causes and treatments available t ou ab ow kn to ed ne u yo ing th ever. Here’s every

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health

n the past, most people associated hair loss with balding in middle-aged men. Today, hair loss is more common than ever, but it’s not just men who are suffering: women of all ages and all ethnicities are experiencing it. While it may be temporary for some, it can be permanent for others. The good news is that there are effective treatments available to increase hair growth and minimise hair loss. However, there is not a miracle 'one size fits all' solution. Hair loss may be caused by a number of different factors, and before you can determine the best course of treatment, you need to determine why your hair is falling out in the first place. But before we get to that, let’s look at hair growth, and how much hair loss is normal.

How much hair loss is normal? Hair grows in cycles, and within each cycle there are three phases: anagen, catagen and telogen. Most of the hair on our heads is in the anagen phase, which is also known as the growth phase. This phase can last anywhere from two to eight years. Also known as the transition phase, the catagen phase takes place when hair follicles shrink. This can last anywhere between two and three weeks. The telogen phase is the resting phase of the hair follicle. This phase usually lasts around two to four months. At any given time, about 90% of the hair on our heads is in the anagen (growing) phase, and 10% are in the transition or resting phase. It is normal to lose hair every day. In fact, according to the American Academy of Dermatology, most people lose

Causes of hair loss

and Hair loss is a common concern among men women of all ages and ethnicities. There are ing various reasons why you may be experienc an ult cons to need will it, and in most cases you e. caus expert in order to deter mine the Factors influencing hair loss include: • Genetics • Hormonal changes • Stress • Illness • Auto-immune disease • Certain drugs and medications • Malnutrition • Environmental factors • Traction and tension hairstyles A build-up of hormones and loss of nutrients h can cause the follicle to harden and thin, whic the of king shrin may lead to the thinning and

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between 50 and 100 strands a day, and this number may increase significantly on days when we wash our hair. If it’s normal to lose this amount of hair, how can one distinguish between healthy hair loss and excessive hair loss? Most of the time, you’ll be able to notice quite easily if you are losing more hair than usual. When you comb or brush your hair, you may notice a lot of hair staying behind in the hairbrush. You might see an unusual amount of hair on your pillow when you wake up in the morning, or you may notice areas on your scalp that seem bare. In men, hair loss starts in the front of the head and recedes to the back, until they go bald. Women lose hair from all over their head, starting at their parting line. Hair at the temples may also recede. Women are less likely to go completely bald, but you may experience a lot of thinning throughout your hair.

hair shaft. Eventually, the hair can no longer grow out of the scalp, causing the scalp to become exposed. The hair loss then spreads, The leading to male or female-pattern baldness. good news is that when hair follicles are still present, even in a dormant state, it is possible to prevent and reverse hair loss.

If you’ve noticed excessive hair loss, the most important thing to do, is to determine why your hair is falling out.

Many COVID-19 survivors have reported experiencing hair loss post-recovery. The type of hair loss most COVID-19 patients , are experiencing is called telogen effluvium or ical phys a temporary form caused by a ht emotional stress, high fever, illness or weig – loss of more than 9 kilograms (20 pounds) symptoms common with the virus. Telogen effluvium involves shedding all over the head, not just on the crown like male-pattern baldness, and it's far more than the 50 to 100 hairs people typically lose daily.

health Successful hair regrowth

Successful hair regrowth treatments are worth their weight in gold, but they are often hard to come by. For this reason, many hair loss treatments are only administered by doctors. In cases like telogen effluvium, you can permanently stop the hair loss, but when hair loss is due to genetics, medications, hormones or autoimmune diseases, regular maintenance is always advised, and you may find that treatment is an on-going process. An in-clinic treatment such as Growth Factor Induced Therapy has helped thousands of patients reclaim their hair. At Pulse Dermatology & Laser, we make use of AQ Skin Solutions Advanced Hair Complex Plus, a follicle-stimulating formula created to address ageing hair follicles and hair loss by employing patented human growth factor technology to promote healthy hair. Stem cells lining the hair follicles are crucial for the production and maintenance of hair. Supplementing with growth factors and active ingredients provides support to these stem cells so that hair can thrive, holding on to healthy hair, longer.

Before

What can you expect from this type of in-clinic treatment?

A 0.5mm Dermastamp (a handheld device with 140 titanium needles) is used to create channels into the scalp for growth factor delivery. AQ Hair Complex is then applied immediately afterwards. The treatment takes 15 minutes and there is no downtime. Five treatments are performed one week apart, followed by a resting period of five weeks. Another five treatments are then performed over five weeks. It takes around five weeks before a small amount of regrowth can be seen, usually a soft 'fuzz' over the head. After eight weeks, hair starts to grow at its normal rate and looks more like 'real' hair. At three months, you can expect to see around an inch of hair. Improvement can be seen for up to a year post treatment. The combination of an effective professional treatment and home care kit will target the problem at the root, to help prevent hair loss. You can expect improved: • hair quality by improving and restoring the health of each hair follicle • hair quantity • hair texture; and • healthy growth cycles. If you’ve begun experiencing excessive hair loss, it’s best to seek professional help sooner rather than later. Dormant follicles are easier to treat than dead follicles, which can only be revived by means of hair transplant surgery, which is more invasive than other treatments. 

After

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Making it fun to care for your family Our fun and approachable design makes it easier for kids that need to nebulise. Comes with an adult mask too.

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health

Asthma in kids Asthma is the most common chronic lung condition seen in children. By Dr RR Lutchman, Paediatrician, Life Kingsbury Hospital

he diagnosis is largely based on the history and clinical presentation of symptoms.

These include: • A long-standing cough (often mainly at night or an early morning cough) • Wheezing episodes as a result of airway inflammation • Difficult or laboured breathing • Reduced activity or exercise intolerance with shortness of breath • Family history of asthma • Often associated with other features of allergies, allergic rhinitis (hay fever) and eczema In older children (over the age of six) this diagnosis can be supported by lung function tests. These are a group of tests that measure how well the lung works by looking at various volumes and capacities of the lung when the child breathes air in and out.

Management of asthma

The goal of asthma management is twofold – first to control the current symptoms and then second is to prevent future episodes of symptoms. After the diagnosis is made there are different levels of therapy that can be initiated by the doctor. This may include an inhaled bronchodilator (medicine to relieve the tightness of the muscles around the airways) and an inhaled corticosteroid (medicine to reduce the inflammation in the airway). This medication is usually delivered with a metered dose inhaler (asthma pump) and in children this is in conjunction with a spacer device – a simple airholding device that allows for better delivery of the medication to the child. Home nebulisers are not recommended for the asthma management.

Severe asthma episodes

Severe episodes with asthma are called 'asthma exacerbations' and result in the presentation of severe asthma symptoms. In children and infants this will present as: • Fast breathing or shortness of breath • Difficult or laboured breathing • Rib retractions and nasal flaring • Audible wheezing without a stethoscope Children who present with these symptoms will need to seek urgent medical care and will often require hospitalization. The management in hospital would include oxygen therapy, oral steroids and nebulization with oxygen and bronchodilators. In severe cases the child may need ICU care for intravenous bronchodilators and very rarely, ventilation. Poorly controlled asthmatics are at risk for severe asthma episodes. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

health

Asthma control

Asthma control is the main goal of asthma treatment. This means ideally, a total absence of asthma symptoms – this includes the night time cough and awakening, recurrent wheezing, exercise intolerance and reduced need for recurrent reliever therapy.

Asthma control is achieved by: • Asthma education • Avoidance of trigger factors • Correct administration of medication with the asthma pumps and spacer device • Adherence to treatment • Regular follow up with the treating doctor to review medication and symptom control It is important to understand that certain factors result in poor control of asthma or an increase in symptoms – these are called trigger factors. There is often a clear association between exposure to these factors and increase in asthma

symptoms. All effort should be made to avoid these factors. Trigger factors include: • Household tobacco smoke • Environmental air pollution • Indoor allergies to house dust mite, cat hair/dog hair, mould allergy Asthma co-morbidities also result in poor control of symptoms and this should be correctly diagnosed and managed. These include: • Increased weight for age • Allergic rhinitis/sinusitis (hay fever) • Gastro-oesophageal reflux • Eczema

Asthma and viral infections

Viral infections in asthmatics often result in an increase in asthma symptoms of a tight chest, wheezing and night time coughing. The most common viruses that trigger asthma exacerbations are rhinovirus and influenza. Both these viruses are common in South Africa and peak during the winter months. Influenza infection can be prevented with the flu vaccine and this is required to be taken yearly just before winter. This significantly reduces the need for hospitalization for asthmatics and exacerbations and the vaccine is therefore highly recommended for all asthmatics. There is no effective vaccine against rhinovirus. It is imperative that asthmatics are well controlled with their chronic medication in order to manage their viral illnesses better.

Asthma in children and COVID-19

Studies from around the world have shown that COVID-19 does not appear to be more common in asthmatics than in children without asthma. COVID-19 infections in asthmatics did not result in more serious exacerbations, especially if they were well controlled with their medication. Mask wearing has been proven to be well tolerated in controlled asthmatics and is not contraindicated. This again highlights the importance of asthma education, regular assessment with medication review and correct administration and adherence to therapy. The general principles of social distancing, hand hygiene, and avoiding crowded spaces remains universal principles for all asthmatics to prevent viral infections and resultant exacerbations. 

References: 1. Summary of childhood asthma guidelines, 2021: A consensus document. A I Manjra, et al. SAMJ May 2021, Vol. 111, No. 5 2. Viral infections, COVID-19 and asthma: Preventing viral exacerbations of asthma. R J Green SAMJ May 2021, Vol. 111, No. 5

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Dr RR Lutchman, Paediatrician, Life Kingsbury Hospital

health

Eczema in Children By Dr Hedi van der Watt, Paediatrician at Kingsbury Life Healthcare Hospital

We all kno w and have experience d that eczema can cause severe disc omf many sleep ort and less nights for both ch ildren and their paren ts.

Moisturize, moisturize, moisturize – and keep it simple. There is no cure.

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health

t can present in many different forms and can be confused with many other skin conditions. Eczema is an inflammatory skin condition that mainly presents as: • dryness • redness • itchiness of the skin or • cracking • weeping • crusting • scaling

6 types of eczematous skin conditions relevant in children

Seborrhoeic Dermatitis

Atopic Dermatitis

This form of eczema presents as yellow scales on the head, ears, eyebrows and side of the nose. It can also present as a weeping rash behind the ears and neck or a scaly rash in the nappy area. It usually becomes apparent at about two weeks of age and can wax and wane over weeks, months and even years.

This definitively has a genetic basis and forms part of the ‘allergic march’. It presents with a rough redness and dryness on the baby’s face, neck and upper torso. In the older child it presents with an itchy redness and dryness in the creases of the elbows and knees. Over a period of time the skin thickens and darkens, called lichenification. If treated, it usually improves as the child gets older. There is probably not an allergic basis but more a genetic predisposition and environmental trigger.

Eczema has a genetic origin with environmental triggers; however, the exact aetiology is unknown. We do, however, know that children with eczema have a decreased quantity and/ or defective form filaggrin, a protein in their skin. Filaggrin is needed to maintain normal cutaneous hydration. On top of that there might also be an immune system weakness. It is not contagious and as children get older it usually improves.

Irritant Contact Dermatitis

Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Eczema is often part of an ‘allergic march’ or ‘allergic triad’ – for example, kids could start off with atopic dermatitis as a baby and later develop allergic rhinitis (hay fever) and then childhood asthma.

Nummular Eczema

Dishydrotic Eczema

This is inflammation of the skin after repeated exposure to chemicals and toxic substances or excessive washing, or, for example, the use of hand sanitizer.

This presents as itchy red areas, which can burn and be covered in small fluid-filled blisters. Over time the areas can thicken. It is caused by repeated exposure to an allergen, for example, the rash children get when playing in Poison Ivy, a latex allergy or Elastoplast allergy.

This form of eczema presents with dry, itchy, coin shaped lesions anywhere on the body, but especially on the trunk, arms and legs. It often gets mistaken for ringworm (taenia corporis)

This kind if eczema mainly affects the feet and hands. It presents as an itchy red rash or tiny blisters on the sides of fingers and toes, palms and soles. Stress and dampness are the main triggers. There are definitive triggers for Atopic Dermatitis, Nummular eczema and Seborrhoeic Dermatitis: • low humidity • Rubbing and scratching –the 'itch-scratch cycle', itch • cold weather causes scratch causes itch. This happens especially • seasonal allergies during sleep when conscious control decreases and • soaps and detergents in the absence of distraction.

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health Complications

• Sleep disturbances • Infection • Bacterial Staphylococcus Aureus • Viral Herpes: Eczema Herpeticum, disseminated Molluscum Contagiosum • Scabies

Treatment

Moisturize, moisturize, moisturize – and keep it simple. There is no cure. One needs to manage the skin as best you can. A combination of remedies is usually needed for the best results.

General daily measures to treat and avoid flare-ups:

1. Avoid potential triggers. 2. Do not use scented or unscented soaps; rather use unscented creams or unscented ointments as a cleanser. 3. Bath or shower in warm but not hot water. If there are signs of a possible infection, use a cap full of vinegar or bleach in the bath. 4. Pat dry using a soft towel. 5. Avoid drastic temperature changes. 6. Keep your home clean and manage house dust mite, mould, pet dander and pollen. 7. Moisturize the skin within three minutes after the bath/shower so that the maximum moisture gets trapped in the skin. Ointments keep the skin hydrated for a longer period of time than creams (cetomacrogel). The skin should ideally be moisturized another one or two times per day. 8. Cold compresses or wraps on severe itchy red skin areas when going to bed can be very soothing and decrease the urge to scratch.

Medical treatment

If it is ecz ema, it is a ver y man ageable condition and possibly e ven avoidable.

1. Oral antihistamines – these can help reduce the inflammation and improve sleeping due to their sedative effects. 2. Topical steroids in various strengths will be prescribed by your paediatrician if the severity of the inflamed skin warrants it. 3. Non-steroidal creams are also available. They are registered for use in children from six months of age. These creams are especially used to treat mild to moderate eczema of the face. 4. Sometimes antibiotics need to be prescribed if there is a secondary bacterial infection. 5. Oral steroids rarely need to be prescribed in children. 6. Light therapy and biologicals Please consult with your healthcare provider if your baby or child presents with a rash that does not respond to general moisturizing measures and causes unusual discomfort. 

Dr Hedi van der Watt, Paediatrician at Kingsbury Life Healthcare Hospital www.babysandbeyond.co.za

Motherhood should be the most wonderful time of your life but being a new Mom often comes with a lot of additional stress which can put a damper on this wonderful time. Luster Glo’s Advanced Skin Repair Drink has been scientifically formulated to assist in reducing stretch marks, reducing pigmentation spots, giving you your even skin tone and glowing complexion back while boosting your immunity and increasing your energy levels. And all this is done in the form of a tasty berry flavoured sachet that’s easy to mix every morning (you can even do this while mixing baby’s bottle). Luster Glo’s Advanced Skin Repair comes in 2 sizes, a monthly supply of 30 or a 2 week supply of 15 conveniently packaged sachets. If you’re travelling pop a couple in your toiletry bag and you’re ready to go. Each sachet is packed full of all the amino acids and vitamins your skin and body require mixed into 8gms of pure collagen.

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signs that you are collagen-deficient

How to identify the symptoms that you could have a collagen deficiency

ith winter on its way, is your body sending you the signs that it's collagen-deficient? If your neck is drooping, your hair is drying out and your joints ache, these are all warning signs that you may be collagendeficient. And the worst is yet to come.

Catherine Clark, the owner and founder of Harvest Table, says that while there is no way to measure the amount of collagen in your body, you can generally tell when your body doesn’t have enough. “Collagen deficiency strikes nearly everyone over the age of 30. As you age, your body naturally begins to manufacture less collagen. But this is the glue that holds your body together and without it, your body literally starts falling apart. So if you have any of the signs that you may have a collagen deficiency, it’s time to act,” Catherine explains. Catherine shares five of the key signals that you could be collagen deficient.

Wrinkling It’s not just your imagination; winter really is harder on your skin as cold air and wind strip away the skin’s hydration. That’s why you will often see more wrinkles appearing in the colder months, especially on your face. The great news is that collagen will keep your skin strong and elastic. Collagen aids in the skin’s hydration and helps wound repair and stretch marks by improving skin elasticity. It will also help your fingernails and hair grow and keep your teeth strong.

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health

You lose flexibility If your collagen stores are running low, you may lose some flexibility and find that your tendons and ligaments are stiffer. Whether you head indoors during winter or brave the cold outside, collagen can aid in exercise recovery and muscle growth. Glycine and arginine, two of the most important amino acids found in collagen, play a role in helping to form and repair muscle tissue, healing injuries, sparing tissue wasting, Another all too common problem you may boosting the experience is joint pain. Though we often metabolism and assume this is a natural part of ageing or aiding in muscle caused by over-exercising, it can actually be development. due to a collagen deficiency. Cartilage is the buoyant, rubber-like tissue that covers the ends of long bones at the joints and it’s mostly made up of collagen. A collagen deficiency leads to more bone-on-bone movement, which can cause excessive friction that will lead to inflammation and may eventually progress to arthritis. Collagen will assist your body in preventing joint stiffness, swelling and pain.

Joint pain

Cellulite A collagen deficiency can also result in worsening cellulite. When the fatty tissues underneath your skin push upward against your body’s connective tissues, the skin at the surface begins to pucker, resulting in cellulite. As your levels of collagen reduce, your skin becomes less firm, grows thinner and becomes more vulnerable to damage. The result is the all too familiar 'orange peel' look that worsens with age. Collagen will boost your cell renewal and the skin’s suppleness and will reduce the all too obvious signs of cellulite.

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Digestive problems Uncomfortable bloating and other gut symptoms can be an indication that your body needs more collagen. A lack of collagen in the gut can lead to intestinal permeability or 'leaky gut syndrome' and symptoms include constipation, diarrhoea, brain fog, fatigue and an impaired immune system. Again, this is easy to reverse if you boost your body’s collagen levels. Catherine says that the easiest and most efficient way to address a collagen deficiency is to look after your body with the right diet and supplements. “While we often think of wellness in terms of what we can see and apply on the outside, there’s a lot that can, and should, happen on the inside,” she explains. “By supplementing your diet with collagen and making it part of your daily routine, you can vastly improve your skin and boost immune, cardiovascular and digestive health. Healthy winter skin and joints are only one scoop away.” 

editor's choice health R306.97

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health

Allergic rhinitis:

Not to be sneezed at… By Dr Claudia Gray, Paediatrician and Allergist at Kidsallergy Centre, Cape Town and Red Cross Children’s Hospital, Cape town

Allergic rhinitis is an allergic reaction of the nasal lining to allergens in the environment. Such allergens, like pollens, house dust mites or animal dander, should usually be harmless. However, when the allergic person breathes in certain allergens, the immune system is activated, and chemical messengers are released inside the nose and surrounding tissues. This causes symptoms such as an itchy, runny nose, sneezing, postnasal drip and a blocked nose. In many people the eyes are affected too.

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health

s tom is p it ym in s ic rhin a M lerg l a of

lthough symptoms of allergic rhinitis are often thought of as annoying rather than serious, many studies have shown that allergic rhinitis can have a significant impact on the quality of life, by impacting sleep, concentration and performance at school or work. If allergic rhinitis is not managed well, it can also

e nos y h c t • I zing nd nee se a S o n • y unn drip lling • R stnasal swe on/ po i t s e ong e g • C he nos swellin / g of t n tchi ye i E •

Allergic rhinitis can cause many complications and a significant reduction in quality of life we need to take it seriously!

lead to complications such as middle ear infections, sinusitis and even asthma. Allergic rhinitis can start in young children, or it can start later in life, even as adults. The course usually waxes and wanes over time. Some people are lucky enough to outgrow it, but in some it persists and can be a lifelong battle.

What causes allergic rhinitis?

Allergic rhinitis is caused by allergens in the environment. It is important to note that it is NOT usually caused by food allergies. Some allergens can be present all year round, such as house dust mites, mould, cockroach and animal dander, which tend to undergo a peak in autumn and winter when our household ventilation decreases because of colder weather; or seasonal, such as grass and tree pollens, which peak in spring and summer. Your home environment, school/work environment and where you live (e.g. coastal versus inland) also affects your allergen exposure. For example, coastal regions are rich in house dust mites, and the highveld is rich in grass pollens. South Africa has a particularly long grass pollen season, from September right through to March, so those with seasonal allergies may be affected for a significant proportion of the year!

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health Diagnosing nasal allergies

It is important to make a correct diagnosis of allergic rhinitis so that the correct treatment can be started. Many conditions can mimic allergic rhinitis, including recurrent colds in children, so it is best to see your doctor and have some allergy tests done to confirm the condition. Allergists are doctors who have specialised in the diagnosis and treatment of allergies. The doctor will take a detailed history of your symptoms and environment, and then perform allergy tests, either in the form of skin prick tests, or blood tests, to check for allergies.

Management of allergic rhinitis

Management depends on what you are allergic to, and the predominant symptoms. Reduction in the allergen you are allergic to should be discussed. For example, for a house dust mite allergy, reducing the number of fluffy toys, washing sheets and bedding at 60°C or more and acquiring protective mattress and pillow protectors can help. When it comes to medical treatment, intranasal corticosteroid nose sprays tend to be the best overall treatment. Intranasal corticosteroids are safe with minimal absorption into the system in the spray form. Nose bleeds are a potential side effect, especially if sprays are angled incorrectly towards the nasal septum (partitioning), which is rich in blood vessels. Doctors advise that you angle the spray towards the outside of the nose. Nasal cortisone sprays are best taken daily during your allergy season to prevent the symptoms. Steroid injections have many side effects and are NOT recommended. Antihistamines may be of good use if itching and sneezing are predominant. They can be used together with nose sprays. Newer generation antihistamines are preferred with their cleaner side effect profile. If basic treatment is inadequate, then specialist referral to discuss further management options is advised. This may include immunotherapy/desensitisation, which entails giving regular tiny amounts of the allergen in the form of drops/sprays (under the tongue ) or injections for several years to help shift the immune system into accepting the allergen rather than fighting it. With the correct diagnosis and treatment, allergic rhinitis can be managed very well.  www.drclaudiagray.com | www.kidsallergy.co.za

Dr Claudia Gray, Paediatrician and Allergist at Kidsallergy Centre, Cape Town and Red Cross Children’s Hospital, Cape town

When it comes to medical treatment, intranasal corticosteroid nose sprays tend to be the best overall treatment. 64

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health

Unpacking terminology around a healthy vagina… Just when you thought you knew all the terminology around a healthy vagina, another weird and wonderful V-term hits the headlines! There's no doubt the vagina is a fantastic organ that functions as far more than just reproductive machinery.

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health to keep If you want s ealthy, it help your vagina h grasp on to have a firm olog y so you vaginal termin 's derstand what can better un e er H hat's not. normal and w y g e terminolo we unpack th lthy vagina. around a hea

Vaginal pH balance: We all know it's essential to restore balance in our lives (think yin and yan) but did you know that maintaining the pH balance of the vagina is essential to keeping it healthy? A normal vaginal pH is usually anything from 3.8 to 4.2. In the vagina, a higher pH value could cause infections as it can allow bacteria and yeast to thrive.

discharge can be 100% hormonal – linked to the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, or menopause. It's a good idea to avoid perfumed soaps, gels and antiseptics as these can affect the healthy balance of bacteria and pH levels in the vagina and cause irritation.

Protective lactobacilli: While the idea that your vagina is home to millions of bacteria (your vaginal microbiome)² these are roomies you WANT to have around. One type, called lactobacilli, maintains the normal acidity of the vagina. By doing so, lactobacilli help keep the lining of the vagina healthy and prevents the growth of certain bacteria that cause infections. So, let’s all cheers to lactobacilli! Bacterial vaginitis: Bacterial what, you may ask? Bacterial vaginosis is the most common vaginal infection and results when the number of protective lactobacilli decreases. The condition often results in vaginal discharge that may be grey or white, thin, and profuse. Usually, the discharge has a fishy odour. Bacterial vaginosis is treated with an antibiotic, so speak to your doctor if you have any concerns. Discharge: The vagina is designed to keep itself clean with the help of natural secretions (yes, you guessed it, the correct terminology is discharge). Besides your period as part of your natural menstrual cycle, it's normal to produce clear or white secretions from your vagina. Changes in the amount of

Vaginal atrophy: Normally, the walls of the vagina stay lubricated with a thin layer of clear fluid. The hormone oestrogen helps maintain that fluid and keeps the lining of your vagina healthy, thick, and elastic. A drop in oestrogen levels reduces the amount of moisture available. It may seem like a minor irritation. But the lack of vaginal moisture can have a massive impact on your sex life. Fortunately, several treatments are available to relieve vaginal dryness, the most common treatment being topical oestrogen therapy. GynaGuard products are categorised into three ranges for ease of use: the Comfort Range is your gentle, go-to range for everyday feminine hygiene. It consists of the Essential Intimate Wash, Intimate Cleansing pH Bar, Intimate Comfort Gel, Daily Comfort Sensitive Wipes, and Foam Bath (fragrance-free and lightly fragranced variants). The Control Range focuses on restoring pH balance and soothing discomfort and irritations and includes Ultimate Intimate Wash and Vaginal Capsules. The Intimate Range comprises Lubricating Moisturising Gel, specially formulated to enhance natural lubrication, soothe irritation and relieve dryness. Visit www.gynaguard.co.za to find out more about this range of pH balancing intimate products, available from retail stores and leading pharmacies. 

References: 1. Gor HB. Vaginitis. Medscape. [cited 2019 Oct 04]; Available from: https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/257141-print 2. The Gynea Centre; What Your Vaginal Microbiome Can Tell You About Your Feminine Health February 18, 2021 Available from: https://www.gynae-centre.co.uk/ blog/what-your-vaginal-microbiome-can-tell-you-about-your-feminine-health/ 3. Vaginal pH balance: Symptoms, remedies, and tests. [cited 2020 Jan29] Available from: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/322537.php 4. Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) By Oluwatosin Goje , MD, MSCR, Cleveland Clinic, Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University. [cited 2019 Sep 27]; Available from: https://www.msdmanuals.com/home/women-s-health-issues/vaginal-infections-and-pelvic-inflammatory-disease/bacterial-vaginosis-bv 5. NHS. Keeping your vagina clean and healthy. [cited 2019 Nov 01]; Available from: https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/sexual-health/keeping-your-vagina-clean-andhealthy/ 6. WebMD. Vaginal Dryness: Causes and Moisturizing Treatments. [cited 2019 Oct 03]; Available from: https://www.webmd.com/women/guide/vaginal-dryness-causesmoisturizing-treatments#1

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health

Irregular sleep

may lead to bad moods and depression

A study shows that an irregular sleep schedule may increase the risk of depression and bad moods as much as getting fewer hours of sleep or staying up late.

he Nature Partner Journal study conducted by the University of Michigan’s Neuroscience Institute looked at the habits of over 2 000 first year medical residents and found that variability in sleep habits significantly affected their mood and depression no matter how many hours they slept. According to the US's Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, the prevalence of depressive disorder in June last year was 24.3%, roughly four times higher than the prior year. Meanwhile, many at-home employees are working into the evenings, impacting on sleep, while many of the study subjects are suffering from 'coronasomnia' (disrupted sleep due to stress from Coronavirus).

Study author and lead researcher Yu Fang said: “Keeping a regular sleep schedule is as important as, if not more important than, having enough sleep time for one’s mental health.” Health expert Vanessa Ascencao said that research shows that nearly half of adults report regular sleep difficulties and that sleep deprivation is now considered to be a global pandemic with its negative impact seriously underestimated. “Good, restorative sleep is essential for physical and mental wellbeing and supports the immune, nervous, skeletal and muscular systems which all impact on mood, memory and cognitive function,” said Ascencao.

Ascencao recommends a daily sleep schedule, practicing a pre-bed routine, disconnecting from screens two hours before bed, removing stimulants such as caffeine, nicotine and alcohol, exercising regularly, following a nutritious diet and managing stress. In addition, she recommends trying natural remedies such as Bach Rescue Night which contains White Chestnut essence to help calm a busy mind and high quality supplements such as Felix, which contains the potent saffron extract, Affron. A study shows that Affron has beneficial sleep-inducing effects and that it may help to support sleep quality and induce restorative sleep even at low doses.  Visit www.coyne-healthcare.com for more info.

Health expert Vanessa Ascencao says that research shows that nearly half of adults report regular sleep difficulties and that sleep deprivation is now considered to be a global pandemic with its negative impact seriously underestimated. Vanessa Ascencao

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The Children

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infertility

Busting the myths

around infertility Fertility can be a very confusing topic and it’s not helped by the amount of misinformation about it. If you’ve experienced infertility, you’ve probably also received lots of unsolicited advice on how to conceive. To set the record straight, we’re busting these myths about infertility.

Myth: Fact: Myth: Fact:

Infertility is purely a women’s problem

Infertility can affect men and women alike; 20-30% of infertility cases are explained by physiological causes in men. Infertility can affect men of all ages; however, in their mid-to-late 40s, men experience changes in their sperm that can cause issues with fertility and chromosomal and developmental problems with offspring.

Myth: Fact:

Infertility is rare

Infertility is more prevalent than you might think. • Infertility has been recognised as a public health issue worldwide by the World Health Organisation (WHO). • One in six couples worldwide experience some form of infertility problem at least once during their reproductive lifetime. • The current prevalence of infertility lasting for at least 12 months is estimated to affect between 8-12 % worldwide of women aged 20-44.

In vitro fertilisation (IVF) is the only fertility option available IVF currently accounts for more than 99% of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) procedures. In IVF, eggs are surgically removed from the ovary and mixed with sperm outside the body in a petri dish. After about 40 hours, the eggs are examined to see if they have become fertilised by the sperm and are dividing into cells. These fertilised eggs (embryos) are then placed in the woman's uterus, thus bypassing the fallopian tubes. However, other options are available: • Men and women who want to delay having a child until their late 30s or early 40s may consider methods to preserve their fertility. One way is to freeze sperm, eggs, or embryos. • In men, sperm collection is usually a quick, non-invasive, simple process and cryopreservation of sperm is well established. • A woman must undergo egg retrieval like in IVF. Embryo freezing is well established and generally more successful than freezing unfertilised eggs, but it requires that the woman have a male partner or use donor sperm. • The only other option for men and women who are already infertile is to use sperm, eggs, or embryos donated by another man, woman, or couple. Using donated gametes or embryos makes the chance of successful pregnancy the same as for the person who donated the gametes. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

infertility Myth:

Deciding to have a baby only when you are much older won’t affect your fertility

Fact:

A woman’s age is one of the most important factors affecting whether she is able to conceive and give birth to a healthy child. This is due to several changes that are a natural part of ageing: • The number and quality of eggs (ovarian reserve) decreases naturally and progressively from the time a woman is born until the time she reaches menopause. This decline is gradual until her early 30s but accelerates quickly after her mid-30s. • It is not only more difficult to get pregnant, but miscarriage and chromosomal abnormalities in the child (such as Downs syndrome) are more common in older mothers. • Fibroids, endometriosis, and tubal disease are more common and can affect fertility. • Women who become pregnant at an older age have a higher risk of complications during the pregnancy, such as gestational diabetes and preeclampsia (high blood pressure). • If the woman is older than 35, she and her partner should seek evaluation if they have not been able to conceive after six months.

Myth: Fact:

Healthy young adults don’t have to worry about infertility The current prevalence of infertility lasting for at least 12 months is estimated to affect between 8 to 12% women worldwide aged 20 to 44, which indicates that infertility can affect one at any age.

It’s possible to slow down reproductive ageing It’s not possible. However, eating well, exercising regularly, getting enough sleep, avoiding smoking, and adopting a lifestyle that reduces stress can improve your overall health. Studies suggest that smoking, diet, and stress may have an impact on the quality of eggs/sperm and may accelerate menopause. Changes in lifestyle and exposure can show in the quality of sperm within a few months. Unlike men, a woman is born with all her eggs, so there are no methods or treatments to grow more or new eggs or preserve the quality of those eggs that remain. That is why it’s important to talk about family planning with a healthcare provider even if you are not thinking about getting pregnant right away.

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Only women older than 35 should get a fertility evaluation A woman younger than 35 should ask for a fertility evaluation if she and her partner have not been able to conceive after one year of trying (unprotected intercourse).

Only age causes a decline in fertility If you have any of the following risk factors and you’re wanting to conceive but have not been successful, you should consider seeking fertility advice early: • Family history (mother or sister) of early menopause (before age 51) • History of cigarette smoking in either partner • Previous ovarian surgery • Exposure to chemotherapy or radiation to treat cancer in either partner • Shortening in the time between periods • Skipped or missed periods • History of injury to the testicles • Exposure to toxic chemicals (certain pesticides or solvents) • If a couple has an obvious medical problem affecting their ability to conceive, such as absence of periods (amenorrhoea) or irregular periods, sexual dysfunction, a history of pelvic disease, or prior surgery, they should begin the infertility evaluation immediately.

For more information about fertility, it’s important to speak to your healthcare provider or a fertility specialist early to plan for your future reproductive health.  Visit www.merckfertilityjourney.co.za for further detailed information or to find a fertility clinic near to you.

mental health

Schizophrenia is genetic.

Should you be worried?

Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder and often results in psychotic episodes. Should you worry about the hereditary nature of the disorder? This is a question healthcare professionals have faced for years, and studies show that it comes down to the genetic make-up of a person living with the disorder1.

chizophrenia is known to be passed down through generations, but no single gene is responsible1. Instead, it is a combination of genes that make people vulnerable, and doesn’t always result in the onset of schizophrenia1.

The shared genetics of family members

The risk of schizophrenia is that 1% of the general population may show symptoms. However, if a person has a First Degree Relative (FDR) such as a parent or sibling suffering from schizophrenia, the risk of developing schizophrenia rises to 10%. What’s more, if both parents were diagnosed with schizophrenia, the risk increases to 50%2. These statistics highlight that genetics play a role in the development of schizophrenia between family members; however, there are other causes of schizophrenia that may include2:

Environmental triggers

Being exposed to certain viruses and toxins may increase the chance of developing schizophrenia. Malnutrition at birth can also contribute to developing schizophrenia.

Brain chemistry

Fluctuating brain chemicals may cause schizophrenia as chemicals such as neurotransmitters of dopamine and glutamate may be imbalanced and result in the onset of schizophrenia.

Substance abuse

The use of psychoactive or psychotropic substances in teens or young adults may result in an onset of schizophrenia at a later age. Due to chemicals that are prevalent in illicit substances, the brain chemistry is impacted and brings on symptoms of schizophrenia.

Immune system activation

There is a link between autoimmune diseases and schizophrenia. However, only a small percentage of people with autoimmune diseases develop schizophrenia.

The above causes play a role when diagnosing schizophrenia, but it’s best to seek the opinion of medical professionals if you or a loved one exhibit symptoms of schizophrenia.  For more information on symptoms, mindfulness techniques and helpful advice, visit schizophrenia24x7.co.za or join the Our Mental Health Facebook community, where like-minded people share insights and advice on schizophrenia and other mental disorders.

References: 1. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/schizophrenia/causes/#:~:text=Genetics,mean%20you'll%20develop%20schizophrenia. 2. https://www.healthline.com/health/is-schizophrenia-hereditary#other-causes

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Keep them e

y h t l hea

Children love the bear shaped jelly babies.

mental health

Stress

can affect your child’s behaviour When a child is acting out, parents tend to feel completely helpless, not knowing why it is happening. One aspect that many parents do not consider is that their child may be experiencing stress and is unable to understand their own emotions and their actions.

“O

ften parents explain tantrums as a child being naughty, or teenage mood swings. However, just as stress can negatively impact adults, the effects of stress on children can cause moodiness, emotional swings and acting out,” explains Rashmita Davechand, brand manager for Stress-Away Tibb Health Sciences. “We may not think that children can experience the same levels of stress as adults, however, when you consider all that they have to undergo such as separation anxiety in pre-schoolers, school pressures, social interactions and even overwhelming situations such as death, divorce and a pandemic, it makes absolute sense that they would respond by acting out.” www.babysandbeyond.co.za

mental health Behavioural and habitual changes Although children, especially younger ones, do not know how to handle their emotions, when a child is stressed, behavioural and habitual changes can be indicators: • Short-term behavioural changes such as mood swings, acting out and changes in sleep patterns can occur, while physical effects such as headaches and stomach-aches are also indicators. • They can have trouble concentrating in school, or even withdraw themselves completely from social interaction. • Younger children can revert back to thumb sucking and hair twirling. • Older children can start bullying behaviour, lying and taking a stand against authority. • A child will over-react to small problems when they become stressed.

What children worry about According to the American Psychology Association, what parents think their children worry about and what they actually worry about are very different. They found that children, ages 8-17 worry about doing well in school, getting into good colleges and their families’ finances. “As parents there are different ways in which to help our

children manage their levels of stress, and it starts with acknowledging that we understand that they do have worries in their lives,” suggests Davechand. “Making changes to everyday living and how we interact with our children can help them deal with their emotions and find calmer ways to express themselves. The onset of COVID-19 brought additional stress to children. Not being able to focus on schoolwork, hand in assignments, receive work due to lack of internet connection and keep up with

their classmates was one of the biggest stressors that children are facing. According to an informal South African study, 21% of children required psychosocial support to deal with these feelings of anxiety and uncertainty. “Together with worrying about the health of their family and themselves, and, in some cases, parents losing their jobs, the stress and anxiety felt by children during this time increased,” comments Davechand.

Behavioural and habitual changes Davechand suggests the following stress-relieving options: 1. Children don’t often understand the emotions they are experiencing and how to express what is wrong and how they are feeling to their parents. Being able to identify it and give it a name shows your child that you understand and will also allow them to be able to identify that emotion the next time they feel that way. 2. Listen to your child patiently and calmy when they are acting out, without interrupting and judging. Give them the opportunity to voice their frustrations instead of feeling alone. React positively to what they tell you and show constant support. Sometimes being able to talk to someone about how they are feeling is all that they need to move on.

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3. Think of ways, together with your child, how they can deal with these feelings. If there is one situation that is causing their stress, talk about how to handle it, and get rid of their negative feelings. Encourage your child to be part of the brainstorming process and offer be support and constructive commentary on their ideas. If there is a way to limit situations that your child finds stressful, try and do so. 4. Just be there. Knowing that they have the support and strength of a parent to turn to helps children cope better. “Children often choose not to speak to a parent when they are feeling stressed, thinking that they can cope on their

own. This is common with older children who are more reluctant to seek out a parent to talk to,” explains Davechand. Other options such as proper rest with good nutrition and a stress support supplement can help with managing your child’s stress. Davechand concludes, “Providing your child with the right tools to cope with stress will help them throughout their lives as they grow and experience unexpected situations.” 

Tibb is a system of healthcare, offering holistic products and lifestyle solutions to aid in good health, and encourage healing from within. Tibb aims to keep people healthy, and helps treat those who are ill, effectively and holistically. Visit www.tibbherbals.com for more information.

mental health

Anxiety at school: helping your child survive and thrive Anxiety at school is not a new phenomenon; however, educators and parents recognise that there has been a significant increase in the prevalence of anxiety among children in the past year, as a result of COVID-19, pandemic lockdowns, and measures to ensure the safety of children who are back at school or in the process of returning.

nxiety is not to be dismissed or taken lightly, but the good news is that parents and teachers can take steps to ensure they recognise red flags in children and then respond appropriately should there be concerns that a child is taking strain emotionally, an education expert says. “Teachers and parents can recognise the onset of anxiety when a sudden change in behaviour becomes apparent and continues for at least three weeks or longer,” says Dr Jacques Mostert, who holds a PhD in Psychology of Education and is Brand Academic Manager at ADvTECH, SA’s leading private education provider. Dr Mostert is globally renowned in his field and has conducted experiential research in education in Denmark, the UK, South Africa and The Netherlands.

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mental health Some of the signs to look out for Some of the signs to look out for He says some of the signs to look out for include inattention and restlessness; attendance problems and clingy kids; disruptive behaviour that is not typical of the young person; trouble answering questions in class; and an increase in problems generally, which could include a marked downturn in academic performance in certain subjects where usually there wasn’t a problem, and if non-neurotypical

difficulties were ruled out, such as ADHD or dyslexia. Finally, if a child starts avoiding socialising or group work, attention must be paid. “Anxiety is your body’s normal reaction to perceived danger or important events,” says Dr Mostert. “It is like your body’s internal alarm system that is set to alert you of dangers that may be life threatening and it helps your body to prepare to deal with danger. However, your internal alarm is not very good at recognising whether the danger you may face is indeed life threatening or not. For example, your body reacts by becoming nervous about being late for school, and seeing a big spider in the bathroom in the same way. Neither are likely to cause real damage, yet your body remains alert and ready to run away in either case.” Dr Mostert says anxiety or feeling nervous are normal

emotions and can be expected during times of transition and change, especially during times of unprecedented disruption like the current COVID-19 pandemic. “The news and social media are filled with reports of the danger of COVID-19, the virility of the virus and how to stay safe from infection. This is especially true for children and teens going back to school after their normal routines have been disrupted. Even young children who don’t watch news still pick up on the concerns of the adults around them, and constantly have safety measures reinforced in a way they were not before 2020.” Many parents also remain concerned regarding children’s safety from the virus at school. “While you as parent may be stressed about safety and COVID-19 safety procedures, this can be put in context by considering the excellent track records of schools where children have returned.”

Tackling the problem at home

If a parent has concerns about the anxiety of a child following the identification of symptoms which persist over weeks, they need to start tackling the problem at home, as the first line of response, says Dr Mostert. “Routine is key in this. The first important step is to reinstate regular routines, including in the morning and evening. Nobody copes well when they are tired or hungry. Anxious children often don’t feel like eating breakfast; they might not feel hungry, or become nauseous after eating breakfast, so start making sure that your www.babysandbeyond.co.za

mental health child gets back in the habit of getting some nutrition before heading to school. “Also, make sure that your child wakes up early enough to avoid rushing to get to school. This of course means that you must ensure that your child goes to bed early enough, at a regular time. If your child spends hours before going to sleep on a device or social media, this is a habit that needs to end. It is not healthy for children or adults, for that matter.” Dr Mostert notes that if a child becomes unusually quiet, or starts to ramble, this can also be an indication that they are anxious about returning to school. “Children often seek reassurance that bad things won’t happen to reduce their worry. Rather than dismissing this behaviour or becoming frustrated

with them, acknowledge their fears. Avoid making light of their (and your own) anxiety by, for instance, saying 'there’s nothing to be worried about' or that they’ll be fine. Instead, listen to them, acknowledge their feelings, and encourage your child to work through ways of solving their concerns with your assistance.” In addition, there are practical ways to deal with anxiety in the moment, which include: • Practising deep breathing • Taking a break and going outside • Talking about anxiety openly and objectively • Getting moving • Walking and talking • Practising positive thinking and keeping a gratitude journal • Trying to eat as healthy as is possible and drinking enough water

The ADvTECH Group, a JSE-listed company, is Africa’s largest private education provider and a continental leader in quality education, training, skills development and placement services. The Group reports its performance in a segmental structure reflecting the Schools and Tertiary as two separate education divisions, and Resourcing as the third division. ADvTECH’s Schools division comprises 10 brands with more than 100 schools across South Africa, including Gaborone International School in Botswana and Crawford International in Nairobi, Kenya. It owns 9 tertiary brands, across 30 campuses across South Africa and the rest of Africa, and its higher education division, The Independent Institute of Education, is SA’s largest and most accredited private higher education provider. ADvTECH’s 9 resourcing brands places thousands of candidates annually, assisting graduates to make the transition from the world of study to the world of work.

Practise being a good listener, remain positive & retain a sense of humour

“When dealing with an anxious child, it is very important not to lecture or interrupt them, or to jump to conclusions or mock their fears. “Instead, practise being a good listener, remain positive and retain a sense of humour, give positive feedback and reinforcement, aim to see fears from the child’s perspective. Helping your child through anxious periods is possible and an important part of their growth towards maturity. And, if your own efforts to help them do not yield results, there are many qualified and compassionate professionals who can help child and family get back on track. “Adults should keep in mind that they play an important role in supporting children during this time to direct attention away from the concerns about friends, teachers, homework and COVID-19, by instead directing their thoughts toward the positives of seeing their friends, building relationships and new friendships, having the opportunity to interact with teachers and the safe environment of the school.” 

About Dr Jacques Mostert

A renowned educational expert with more than two decades of experience locally and internationally, Dr Mostert holds a BEd Honours (Cum Laude) and MEd in Curriculum Design from University of Johannesburg. He completed a UK Qualified Teacher Accreditation from the University of East London in the UK as well as a Postgraduate Diploma in Social, Emotional and Behaviour Difficulties from Leicester University in the UK. He completed his PhD in Psychology of Education through the University of Johannesburg. Dr Mostert was awarded the Outstanding grade for Teaching and Learning by Her Majesty’s Office in Standard in Education (Oftsed). Following his work in the UK, Dr Mostert was appointed Head of Department of Psychological Sciences at the American University of the Middle East in Kuwait. He managed qualitative and quantitative research projects, has published peer-reviewed articles in international journals, presented and international education conferences, led and presented staff development seminars and is currently the Academic Manager of ADvTECH’s Niche School Brands in South Africa. Dr Mostert has conducted experiential research in education in Denmark, the UK, South Africa and The Netherlands.

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nutrition

Avocados

as a first food for babies

Your baby is nearing six months and the excitement starts to mount as you prepare to introduce solid foods for the first time. As your baby grows, the ability of breastmilk alone to meet the increasing nutritional needs becomes limited as it is too low in energy, protein, and minerals like iron and zinc. A variety of nutritionally balanced foods are needed to fill this nutritional gap.

ith all the do’s and don’ts out there, the great news is that avocados are a nutritionally unique food with suitable consistency and texture to feature as a first food in a baby’s diet.

First food Traditional first foods include cereals, soft porridge (e.g. rice porridge or maize porridge) and pureed vegetables like pumpkin. While these are great options, there are many other foods to add to your baby’s diet from early on. Easy to puree into a consistent texture, avocados work very well as one of the first foods. Compared to traditional first foods, avocados are nutritionally unique, containing healthy monounsaturated fats and a blend of soluble and insoluble fibre.

Avocados pack a nutrient punch Good first foods should meet the high nutritional needs of a baby, such as energy, fatty acids, and key vitamins and minerals like Vitamin A, the B vitamins, iodine, iron and zinc. Avocados are high in energy, high in healthy monounsaturated fatty acids, naturally free from cholesterol and sodium and are a source of fibre – all key nutrient factors in a healthy and balanced diet for a baby. Avocados are also high in Vitamin K (necessary for healthy bones), copper (needed for immune function), and biotin (for skin and hair health), and contain amongst the highest levels of a group of antioxidants called carotenoids (namely lutein and zeaxanthin) of any fruit.

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nutrition

Avocados offer variety It is good practice from early on to offer your baby a variety of flavours and textures. While it is important to start with pureed options as your baby first experiences the change in texture from liquid milk, it is easy to get stuck on pureed butternut and mashed banana. The ability to handle lumpier foods is important in the long term for your baby’s oral development for speech. Avocados offer a variety of texture options from super smooth to slightly lumpy and this can be easily altered depending on how much you mash the fruit.

It's playtime

Allergen awareness

A baby’s eating experience is about more than just taste: other senses like sight, feeling and smell are equally important. Allowing babies to play with food is key for motor development. Experiment by adding some avocado slices to the tray of the feeding chair or scooping pureed avo into your little one’s hands. This will encourage your baby to start moving the hand to the mouth to learn the important skill of self-feeding, and in a safe and secure manner. As your baby gets older and masters the pincer grasp, small avocado cubes are a great way to practise this newfound skill.

Many caregivers make the mistake of not offering babies potential allergenic foods. In fact, introducing potential allergen foods from six months may even reduce the risk of allergies, according to research. Introduce potential allergens, like wheat, eggs, and nuts, one at a time, monitoring for two to three days for signs of a reaction. The great news is that avocado is not a high-risk food when it comes to allergies and can be safely and quickly introduced into your baby’s diet.

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References: 1. Fewtrell M et al. Complementary Feeding: A Position Paper by the Hepatology, and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) Committee on Nutrition. Journal of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition. 2017;64: 119–132. 2. Ierodiakonou D, Garcia-Larsen V, Logan A, et al. Timing of allergenic food introduction to the infant diet and risk of allergenic or autoimmune disease. A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA. 2016;316:1181–92. 3. Comerford KB et al. The Role of Avocados in Complementary and Transitional Feeding. Nutrients 2016, 8, 316; doi:10.3390/nu8050316.

nutrition

Baby food

avo & pumpkin puree for the tato can be substituted Butternut or sweet po packed d, foo t firs kes a healthy pumpkin. Avocado ma nts. trie nu l tia en ess d fats an with monounsaturated : Number of ser vings Preparation time: Cooking time: Total time:

4 5 minutes 10 mins 15 minutes

Ingredients

cubes kin, peeled and cut into • ¼ small wedge pump diced and o, halved, pitted, peeled • ¼ ripe, fresh avocad ade dym rea or ree, homemade • 1 tablespoon apple pu (optional)

Method

10 minutes until cup of boiling water for 1. Cook pumpkin in 1 very tender. pletely. 2. Drain and cool com avocado in a and kin mp pu the 3. Mash bowl until smooth. taste. 4. Add apple sauce to lespoons tab 2 to 1 5. Serve baby re. mixtu

Extra puree can be stored covered in the fridge, ser ve at room t temperature. (Do no ve wa cro mi the in at he as the avocado will tur n bitter)

Baby food

avo chocolate pudding : Number of ser vings Preparation time: Cooking time: Total time:

2 5 minutes 0 mins 5 minutes

Ingredients

and diced o, halved, pitted, peeled • ¼ ripe, fresh avocad • ½ banana ked in boiling water • 2 dates, pitted, and soa wder • ½ teaspoon cocoa po ract ext • ½ teaspoon vanilla

Method

chop. 1. Drain the dates, and ts in a food processor ien red ing the all e lac 2. P puree. and blend to a smooth 3. Ser ve.

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nutrition

Tantalising

a toddler’s taste buds

hile these opportunities may have passed by the time you have a baby and toddler, it is good to know that there are still practical ways to help the not-so-exploratory little taste buds discover the wonderful and varied world of flavours.

Did you know that you can influence your child’s taste buds from as early as your pregnancy? Starting much earlier than we realised, your baby gulps amniotic fluid in your womb and this healthy eating journey continues during breastfeeding.

The spice of life Gone are the days of boring, bland, and tasteless foods for babies and toddlers. Just like adults, our little ones also appreciate flavourful food. It is important that, soon after starting your solid journey, you introduce a range of flavours such as fresh herbs (e.g. mint, basil, thyme, etc), mixed dried herbs, cinnamon, cumin, curry, garlic, cocoa powder, and the like. Sugar-free nut butter also packs a flavour punch, but always check for allergies first. Stir into a warm bowl of oats in winter or offer up on a slice of wholewheat toast as a snack. Luckily for busy moms, Squish 100% fruit and veg purees come in a range of delicious flavours. Exploring many different flavours from baby, toddler and up will be easy for your little one with Squish 100% fruit and veg purees.

Mealtime = Fun Time Children eat with their eyes. Make mealtimes fun, interesting and appealing. Call in the help of your child’s favourite superhero or princess with colourful kiddie-friendly cups, plates, utensils, placemats, and lunch boxes. Cut and arrange assorted coloured fruit and vegetables into interesting shapes and funny faces. Use cookie cutters on wholegrain sandwiches or arrange mashed sweet potatoes into fun shapes. Squish 100% fruit and veg purees come in a convenient pouch which is safe for your little one to explore eating on their own. Squish is a convenient, tasty meal or a snack, or for older kids, try it on the side for dipping – they’re sure to love it. What’s more, Squish has launched a new larger 200ml pouch size especially for toddlers and their growing appetites. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

nutrition Game on As any parent can attest, it is a daily struggle to get children to eat their fruits and vegetables. Fruit and vegetables are some of nature’s most perfect foods: rich in vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, phytonutrients and fibre, highly nutritious for preventing illness and disease and overall health. To encourage variety, print a picture of a rainbow and place it on the fridge or in your child’s room. Encourage your child to choose a fruit or veggie each day from a different colour of the rainbow. For example, tomatoes and watermelon are red, berries and beetroot are purple, and mangoes and carrots are orange Rewards systems like using star charts to mark off how many fruits and vegetables are eaten are also a fun game for your child. Place the chart somewhere visible and offer your child a reward when a goal is reached, such as going to the park or an extra story at night before bed. Another fun way to get your child to eat fruit and veg is by offering them Squish 100% fruit and veg purees and pressed 100% fruit and veg juices. The convenient pouches are well loved amongst moms and are perfect for babies from the first introduction of solids, right through the weaning process – from babies to toddlers and beyond. And the 100% fruit and veg pressed juices are deliciously refreshing and a good way to get babies, toddlers and young kids to enjoy fruit and veg.

One at a time

Get green fingers Children love being outside and getting their hands dirty. Use this to your advantage and build a vegetable garden. If you do not have a garden, windowsills and vertical/ hanging gardens are good alternatives. With your child, plant various herbs and vegetables, and, when ready to be harvested, pick the vegetable with your toddler. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

As much as we want to encourage a variety of flavours, it is important to introduce new foods and previously disliked foods one at a time. Children are naturally wary of anything unfamiliar.

Little chef Older toddlers and young children will enjoy being in the kitchen. Let your children watch you prepare family meals and talk to them about what you are cooking. Let them help you set the table, stir ingredients in plastic bowls, and older children can help chop soft vegetables like baby marrow, with a butter knife.

Always offer up new food with well-liked food to help increase your child’s acceptance of the food. Remember, it can take up to 15 exposures of food before your child likes it, so keep being patient and keep trying. And if all else fails, there is always the Squish 100% fruit and veg puree range with enough delicious flavours to please even the fussiest of eaters.  For more information visit: www.squish.co.za

parenting

Parent survival kit for ADHD

Most parents would never ignore their child’s broken bone or obvious signs of physical injury. Yet, when it comes to a child’s mental state, and someone tells you that your child has ADHD or that your child needs medication, panic sets in. You are not sure what all of it really means. However, what you do know is that you definitely are not keen to medicate your child. By Dr Greg Pienaar, Principal at The Bridge Assisted Learning School

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parenting

ou are told that without meds your child is likely to make limited academic progress. So, where to from here? All is not lost! Your child will be ok! There are many paths to follow, but having ADHD is definitely not the end of the child’s world. It is unfortunately a fact that if you take no action whatsoever, then your child is likely to battle more than they should at school and during their life.

Courses of action

The first port of call is to learn exactly what ADHD is? It relates specifically to concentration and focus issues. The ICD-11 states that it is “a persistent pattern (at least 6 months) of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that has a direct negative impact on academic, occupational or social functioning”. The ICD-11 further states that the onset of these symptoms occurs prior to age 12 years, typically by early- to mid-childhood. The ICD–11 is the international standard for systematic recording, reporting, analysis, interpretation and comparison of mortality and morbidity data. This 11th revision is the result of an unprecedented collaboration with clinicians, statisticians, classification and IT experts from around the world, making it useable by these groups, as well as by coders.

One of the questions that is often asked is: Is there a correlation between intelligence and ADHD? Research has shown that there is no major correlation between ADHD and intelligence, but children with ADHD are often more adventurous, more likely to be entrepreneurs, and more likely to ‘think out of the box’, but they will battle with formal, long-term study environments. Most adults work with their ADHD, whether they know it or not, they are likely to choose jobs where they have freedom of Symptoms the movement and don’t always have to rely in r che tea a by ed erv The actual symptoms as obs on a structured environment to succeed. classroom are: ce ien pat • Problems with • Inattention • Emotional turmoil s • Non-completion of task • Fidgeting in the allocated time • Problems playing quietly • Loss of focus • Avoidance of tasks • General problems with • Daydreaming concentration • Trouble getting organized ur • Self-focused behavio • Forgetfulness • Interrupting

Do we see these symptoms at home? Most of the time our children are playing or are involved in an activity which they want to be involved in like gaming inside, playing a game outside or doing something relatively passive like watching TV or something similar. When we are able to observe our children attempting to complete a focused task like studying or homework tasks, that’s when we are likely to see some of the ADHD symptoms.

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If there was anything positive about the complete lockdown we had in 2020, it was that parents got to see their children’s actual classroom behaviour. If we were able to see their online behaviour, then we were extra lucky. In most instances, many parents had the opportunity to observe that their children battled to stay focused and/ or complete a task, even though their teacher may have advised them of the situation before.

parenting What about medication? Which meds should we use? I have come to the conclusion over a number of years that the possible side-effects as discussed on the medication pamphlets are not always exactly the same for everyone. I believe that each child (person) reacts differently to medication in their systems. From absolutely no side-effects at all, to other debilitating side-effects. Should we use stimulant medications? Should we use long-acting medications (8 hours)? Should we use alternative prescription medication? Should meds be part of the solution at all? My advice is to use whatever meds your paediatric neurologist or paediatrician recommends, but to stay in close contact with the medical professional. They need to know how your child is reacting, and how to alter and possibly prescribe something else if necessary. Remember, medication is always a last resort, and when the time comes to use whatever medication, the medical professionals prescribe for a better and healthier way forward.

Toolkit

Here’s a parent toolkit that cou ld assist you along the way: 1. A for mal assessment by a pae diatric neurologist (if possible, otherwise a paediat rician), including questionnaires for the child’s teac her, as well as your input as a parent, and an assessm ent at some stage of the process by an educational psychologist. 2. Understanding that it is a neu rological condition. 3. Creating structure, boundaries and an appropriate environment for learning at sch ool and home. 4. Correct school placement if possible (small classes and an understanding teacher). 5. Close liaison with the child’s teacher, medical professionals and all therapists . 6. Medication if recommended by the child’s teachers and therapists and prescribed by a suitable medical professional. Your child is exceptional and mo st likely will achieve great things throughout life. You r job as a parent now is to understand your child and assi st wherever you can to help them on their journey to greatness. 

Dr Greg Pienaar holds a doctorate in Psychology. His work has focused mainly on the school-going child over the years, in terms of therapy or play therapy in private practice. He continues to make a significant contribution to the field of assisted and special needs learning through his articles in educational and psychological journals and papers at international conferences.

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Practical Pregnancy, Birth & Early Parenting Guide Filled with all the childbirth knowledge and advice for expectant parents. • Preparing for conception • Latest information on tests during pregnancy • How to care for yourself and your baby during your pregnancy • Choosing the right caregivers • Pain relief and birthing options • Preparing to bring your baby home and how best to involve siblings • Advantages of breastfeeding and practical tips for breastfeeding success • How to care for your newborn (and yourself, partner and family) • How your partner can contribute during pregnancy, birth and in caring for your baby • Latest South African shoppers guide and support group information • NEW: Chapter on COVID-19

About the author Irene Bourquin is a registered nurse and midwife. She is a South African Certified Peri-natal Educator (WITS). She holds the prestigious International Childbirth Educators Certificate as well as the International Birth & Post Partum Doula Certification. Irene has taught childbirth classes and parenting education for many years. She combines theoretical knowledge, practical experience, compassion and wisdom in writing this up-to-date guide.

Available at all good book stores and online retailers. Contact us T: 021 532 6008 E: pearsonza.enquiries@pearson.com

parenting

Physical parenting

in a digital age We’re living in a digital age with many of us spending a great portion of our time online. Whether for leisure or work, our lives have been thoroughly absorbed by technology. Even parenting, which may feel like the most natural human activity on earth, has now been subsumed into the digital future in more ways than one.

ister Yolanda Nompilo, expert adviser from Pampers, advises parents to approach technology with equal amounts of caution and enthusiasm. “We must remember that technology is a tool. It’s how we use it that really makes the difference. It has given us the capacity to grow our children in new and

wonderful ways, but it has also given us new ways to instil bad habits,” she says. Here, Sister Yolanda provides some insights into some of the digital journeys and decisions we may encounter with our little ones in these increasingly virtual times.

Virtual doctor appointments

The advent of COVID-19 and ensuing lockdowns made the idea of seeing a doctor something to be feared, or at least, approached with trepidation. With that came the increasing popularity of online consultations, or telemedicine. But how useful is telemedicine with your paediatrician? Sister Yolanda says online appointments should not completely replace doctor visits but rather fill in the gaps between those regular check-ups. It is advisable to make use of virtual appointments for minor ailments. This is to prevent overcrowding at medical practices and promote social distancing. Your family physician – always your first line of consultation – will then refer you to a specialist if needed. Also, make sure your medical aid covers this consultation.

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parenting Beware of screen time

When lockdown was at its peak, the usefulness of screens to keep little ones distracted so parents could work from home seemed like a necessary evil. But, Sister Yolanda warns that babies and toddlers should not be left to vegetate passively in front of a screen. “The World Health Organisation says that screen time should not even happen with a child whatsoever before they are at least two years old. Even when they are between two and four, screen time should be limited to around an hour a day.” Sister Yolanda advises parents to limit screens and encourage goodold-fashioned physically connected, mentally stimulating playtime.

Find games that encourage learning

If you are going to get a game on your smart phone or tablet, then you may as well find a game that is not only age appropriate, but helps your child grow in some way and isn’t littered with adverts.

“There are a million apps and games posing as the best games ever. Luckily you not only have reviews on the internet, but there are user reviews on the app stores that you can base your decision off,” Sister Yolanda explains. She reminds parents that, like most things in life, you pay for what you get. “Most apps are littered with annoying ads that your child can then tap on and even purchase things if you don’t have your payment settings secured. But most of the top educational and learning games require you to subscribe. Sometimes, this is the best course and many of them provide a free first subscription period to trial.”

Proceed with caution

Digital tools and the way we use them evolve exponentially, so it’s hard to keep up. “At the end of the day, you need to be careful about how you introduce your child to this new world because none of us really understand how it is going to change in the next ten years. Follow the right advice, from the right people and learn how to discern good information from bad. That’s the best foundation for parenting in the digital age,” advises Sister Yolanda.  www.pampers.com/en-us

Sister Yolanda Mpilo, Pampers expert www.babysandbeyond.co.za

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skincare

Be confident – bare your face! Reandi Grey, the South African actress best known for her role as Esti Fouche in the SABC2 soapie, 7de Laan, and more recently in Legacy on M-Net, tells us about her skincare transformation.

ear that? That’s me, Reandi Grey, shouting from the mountain tops! For the first time in so many years I have enough confidence to go about my day barefaced. All thanks to Dermexcel. My pregnancy and my skin had a bit of battle…well more like a full on war. The hormones walked away with the victory, and left my skin with terrible battle scars – Hormones 1 – Skin 0. Dermexcel has completely recovered my skin. Not only recovered, but improved it to a better state it was in before my pregnancy. I can wake up in the morning and start checking off my to-do lists without a worry in the world about my appearance. I don't have to plan my day in such a way that I schedule in time to do a full face of makeup.

I realized I was not dreaming when my makeup artist at work started commenting on my skins’ condition. She knows my skin better than I know it because she has been doing my makeup for years for all my scenes. She has been through it all with me: My skin before I fell pregnant; then spending hours trying to cover my pregnancy acne; then post pregnancy, and now post Dermexcel. Even she agrees that this is the best my skin has ever looked!

These are the little lifesavers I use from the Dermexcel range: • Acne repair serum • Collagen serum • Dermdefence SPF50 • DermNourish • Renewal facial cleanser • Time freeze eye serum Pregnant? No problem! Just Dermexcel. 

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skincare

The ins and outs

of skin ageing As we age, the appearance of our skin changes. However, our skin doesn’t necessarily age at the same rate, or in the same way. Various intrinsic and extrinsic factors play a role in the way and speed of our ageing. By Dr Judey Pretorius

hen dealing with the 'battle' against ageing, an in-depth skin analysis and assessment is required to determine the background of the individual and the amount of exposure to extremities such as pollution, diet, amount of sleep, exposure to irradiation, use of medication and also any genetic predispositions. Based on this, it is crucial to design and develop a treatment plan and treatment strategy to perform respective advanced aesthetic treatments and recommend home care products with the best active ingredients at optimal concentration to fight against skin ageing.

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skincare How does the skin age? Our skin consists of three layers: the epidermis, the dermis and the hypodermis. The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin and comprises of a particular cell type known as keratinocytes. The keratinocytes form the skin’s external protective barrier. The average epidermal thickness is 0.1mm, which is about the thickness of one sheet of paper. The epidermis acts as a protective shield for the body and totally renews itself approximately every 28 days. As we age, our skin’s pH can increase from between 4.8 and 5.8 to a higher pH range of 6.2 - 7.2. When the pH of the epidermis increases to a higher pH range, the skin can become more prone to infection, dehydration, roughness and irritation.

The dermis is located between the hypodermis (the deepest section of the skin) and the epidermis. It is a fibrous network of tissue that provides structure and resilience to the skin, and on average, is about 2mm thick. As we age, the major components of the dermis are compromised: this means that skin may lose collagen and elastin, hydration levels may drop and the skin may become dull.

Cuticle

YOUNGER SKIN

The hypodermis refers to the fat tissue underneath the dermis that insulates the body from cold temperatures and provides shock absorption. Fat cells of the hypodermis also store nutrients and energy. As we age, the hypodermis begins to deteriorate, contributing to the thinning of ageing skin.

AGING SKIN

Epider mis

Der mls Elastin

Hypodermis

Collagen Fat cells Muscles

Do our lifestyles contribute to the rate of our ageing?

Absolutely! There are two types of ageing: ageing caused by our genetics and ageing caused by exposure to extremities and environmental factors (such as sun exposure and pollution). Exposure to the sun accounts for 8090% of visible skin damage, meaning UVA and UVB rays play a major role in skin degradation. Not only can exposure to the sun’s harmful rays increase the rate at which our skins age, but it may also lead to pigmentation, and in severe cases, skin cancer. The effects of smoking alter the structure of the skin. The skin appears to be damaged and presents as dull www.babysandbeyond.co.za

and grey. Smoking damages the skin by diminishing the capillary blood flow, which inherently deprives tissue of essential nutrients. It has been shown that smokers have fewer collagen and elastin fibres in the dermis, which has a reduced effect on the elasticity and strength of the skin. The skin appears rougher in texture and wrinkles are more prominently observed. Our skin is also affected by ambient conditions such as temperature and humidity. If the temperature is raised within the skin, then the rate of water loss by means of evaporation is increased. In contrast to this, low temperatures harden and densifies the skin and reduces water evaporation.

The effects of pollution within the atmosphere and the prevalence of skin deficiencies and skin cancer has raised exponentially over the last three decades. Depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer and environmental pollution have aggravated serious genetic damage. The types of foods we consume also affect the skin. A diet rich in sugar, refined and processed foods may trigger inflammation in the body, which often manifests on the skin (inflammation is also a major contributor to skin ageing). There are various aesthetic procedures available to address the process of ageing and improvement of skin texture, including:

skincare The effects of pollution within the atmosphere and the prevalence of skin deficiencies and skin cancer has raised exponentially over the last three decades.

Chemical peels

Chemical peels can be used to remove dead skin cells and promote new collagen and elastin synthesis and contraction. The skin can be exposed to various types of chemical peels to address various conditions associated with ageing such as Glycolic acid (a mild peel for dead skin cell removal and collagen contraction), Salicylic acid peel (reduction of inflammation on the skin), Lactic acid peel (improvement of skin hydration), Ascorbic acid peel (reduction of oxidative stress on the skin) or a TCA peel (medium depth peel to remove compromised stratum corneum).

Microneedling

The effect of nutrition on skin ageing has been an interesting research field since ancient times. Antioxidants such as carotenoids, tocophenols and flavonoids, as well as vitamins (A, C, D and E), essential omega-3-fatty acids, some proteins and lactobacilli (a 'friendly' type of bacteria) are known as agents capable of promoting skin health and beauty. The consumption of fresh fruit and vegetables is essential to maintain a balanced diet and youthful skin.

Microneedling assists in the restructuring and reorganisation of disorganised collagen and elastin fibres within the dermal layer of the skin. It is recommended to perform such a treatment with particular active ingredients such as hyaluronic acid, as this will facilitate and prolong the integrity and synthesis of new collagen fibres.

What about skincare?

Botulinum Toxin A

Vitamins C, B3, and E – These antioxidants have the ability to penetrate the skin because of their small molecular weight.

This treatment is used to reduce activity within the facial muscle, causing a temporary 'paralysis'. It will assist with a mild relaxation of the connective tissue for a period of three to four months, reducing the appearance of wrinkles.

Dermal fillers

Tissue can regain volume by means of cross-linked and non-crosslinked dermal fillers that contain hyaluronic acid. This

allows for volumes within wrinkle folds and acne scarring. The agent is typically biodegradable and last for approximately 12 months.

It has been shown to be able to reduce the signs of UV-induced early skin health, such as wrinkles, loss of skin elasticity and pigmentation. Peptides – Polypeptides or oligopeptides are composed of amino acids and, through topical application, polypeptides have the ability to stimulate collagen synthesis and activate dermal metabolism. Hyaluronic Acid – Occurring naturally in the body, hyaluronic acid has the ability to retain up to 1 000 times its own weight in water, making it an incredible hydrator. When treating and protecting the skin against the effects of ageing, it is important to take a holistic approach. A healthy lifestyle, good quality home care products and a tailored professional treatment regime work harmoniously to ensure your skin looks younger for longer. 

In addition to leading a healthy lifestyle and undergoing professional treatments, your home skincare regime also plays a major role in preserving the skin’s youth. Products with measurable quality, safety and efficacy standards should be considered. Some of the most important ingredients to incorporate into your skincare regime are:

Vitamin A (retinol) – Retinol is, at the moment, the substance that is most often used as an anti-ageing compound. It has been shown that retinol has positive effects not only on extrinsic but also on intrinsic skin health and has a strong positive effect on collagen metabolism.

Dr Judey Pretorius is a highly accomplished Biochemical Scientist and product development specialist. She is the co-founder of Biomedical Emporium, a biotechnology company that specialises in the formulation of advanced biological products, cell culture processes and tissue engineering for advanced wound healing. She is also an advisor on regenerative medicine. https://www. biomedicalemporium.com/ www.babysandbeyond.co.za

travel

How to f ly cross-country with a newborn

So how do I take a flight with my newborn? I sat across the table from my paediatrician, nervous but naturally curious as to how we were going to make this work.

y husband had business out of town and I had the opportunity for much needed extra 'hands on' with my parents who live in the Garden Route. My parents had graciously volunteered to help me out if I could make my way to them from Pretoria. When I got the go-ahead from the paediatrician to fly with my tiny twoweek-old, it was time to start planning the big day. I’d done a lot of research about how to approach the flight, but ultimately nothing quite tops experience. Here are my suggestions on how to make flying with a newborn as pleasant as possible.

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1. Choose a morning flight

Newborns are less fussy in the morning because they are rested, so aim for a 10am flight. It's not peak time so you’ll also end up saving on the ticket cost. Because this flight is less popular you might find yourself with a less crowded plane and perhaps even an empty middle seat.

2. Enquire about your airline’s minimum age rules

Every airline is different and has different rules, including the minimum age of a passenger. For us the minimum age was two weeks – so we just made the cut. The last thing you want is to arrive at the airport and have a dispute with a flight attendant.

3. Document readiness

You won’t be able to board a plane without a valid and certified birth certificate. Needless to say you should apply for this at your hospital/ local authority in plenty of time as it takes time to finalise. Make at least 10 copies and have them certified to keep on file. Lastly, make sure you always carry one in your diaper bag.

4. Splurge on an airport lounge entry The calm music and relaxing environment of the premium airport lounges will help you and your newborn relax before you board your flight. Some bankcards offer complimentary entry, so find out if yours does and use it.

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travel The comfy couches are less crowded so you’ll have space to stretch out with your luggage. Baby changing facilities in the elite restrooms are also more spacious – you won’t struggle for a space to create a changing station. It also gives you the opportunity to eat something as you’ll find little time for that during boarding and luggage collection.

5. Aim for the window seat

Moving around the airport can be a breeze with your baby seat mounted to your pram. However, moving the airport trolley and the pram is a challenge until you’ve checked in your big bags, but airport attendants are more than willing to offer a helping hand if you ask for it. Once your bags are checked in you should be left only with the pram, baby seat and diaper bag. Try to take as little as possible on to the plane with you.

6. Breastfeed during lift-off and landing

Use this transport system until you get to the flight doors, then simply fold everything up neatly and carry baby in arms to your seat.

The last thing you want is to be disturbed by a fellow traveller with a nervous bladder halfway through the flight. Especially if you just got your baby to settle down. The idea of squeezing from the middle seat with your baby on your lap seems like a nightmare. You’ll also be aiming to breastfeed so the window seat is more private.

This is probably the most important take-home message here. Have baby latched as soon as the aircraft starts moving and don’t stop until the seatbelt signs come off. Do the same with landing. Your baby’s Eustachian tube (the innermost part of the ear canal) is a lot smaller and straighter than yours and will become blocked much easier. I had no problem during the flight as a result of strategic breastfeeding. I hope you’ll have the same success.

7. Use your car seat and pram

One of the few perks to flying with a baby is the extra baggage allowance.

* Disclosure: All opinions are my own. I‘m in no way endorsed by any brand. Opinions are not supposed to replace medical advice given.

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8. Ditch the caffeine

You’re already nervous for the flight, so don’t add to the jitters with extra caffeine on board. Your baby can also sense your discomfort and react. If you have been prescribed something calming that is safe to use while breastfeeding, you might want to take it the day you fly. In conclusion, taking a flight with a newborn is difficult but not impossible. These are hard-researched, tried-andtested tips to make it easier. I’ve taken four flights with our newborn using these strategies and they were all successful. The feeling of relief when you can carry a sleeping baby from the flight door to arrivals makes it all worthwhile. Not to mention the excitement of finally reaching your holiday destination. 

Dr. Marguerite Barnard is a general surgery in training at the University of Pretoria. She is a new mother to a baby girl and enjoys writing and traveling in her free time. She values the lifestyle balance between career and motherhood and is constantly striving to optimize the ease of transition. Follow her on Instagram @surgeon_mommy

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decor

How to

Feng Shui your home

It’s been over a year since the world as we knew it changed almost instantly as a result of COVID-19. As the country experiences the third wave we once again find ourselves grappling with heightened uncertainty, stress and fear. As we spend more time at home, we also have more time to think about what we want our homes to be.

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decor

t’s become more important than ever before that our homes are our ‘happy place’, a space where balance, harmony, and calm prevail. While some may dismiss Feng Shui as just some esoteric practice, the reality is that applying some of the basic principles of this Chinese practice can help create the kind of positive, organised and empowering environment that we all so desperately seek right now.

What is Feng Shui?

Before learning how to Feng Shui your home you should familiarise yourself with some of the key principles of the practice: • The main ideas behind the Feng Shui principles involve the energy that runs through your home, otherwise known as Chi. • Feng Shui was traditionally created for use in spiritual spaces but is now commonly applied to homes, businesses and public areas. • Many things affect Chi, including having running water in your home, plants, and how you arrange your furniture. • The use of placemats and the colour of your front door are vital aspects of Feng Shui.

A step by step gu

Living room Feng Shui tips

• Place your sofa against a solid wall. Keep it angled so that those sitting in it can always see who’s entering the room. • Place a water fountain on the north side of your room. It brings luck and wealth. • Add wooden furniture and décor. It should be placed on the south side of the room. • The main door shouldn’t face any other doors. This would create a tunnel for the energy of your room. • Your living room should have exterior walls and windows. This will allow natural light to flow in. • Furniture should create easy pathways throughout the room. This is for both people and energy to flow. • Choose soft and rounded edges for your furniture. Avoid sharp corners.

Bedroom Feng Shui tips • Ensure you have a solid headboard. This is said to provide protection whilst you sleep. • Keep the space under your bed free. This allows energy to flow around you. • Keep your bed as far away from your door as you can. You want to make sure it remains in your line of sight, however. • Keep your laptop, phone, and all other electronic devices away from your bed. These are associated with time energy and not conducive to good sleep.

ide

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Remember that cleanliness is a crucial part of Feng Shui so don’t forget to clean your house regularly with effective multi-purpose cleaners. There couldn’t be a better time to think about creating more balance and harmony in your home and you can start with these easy steps…ENJOY!  From stubborn stains to home hygiene, laundry hacks to DIY basics, gardening tips, and more visit www.cleanipedia.com to get easy, expert cleaning tips for a happier home.

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DIY gardening

Growing a

veggie garden For beginners Consider the winter garden as a blank canvas with ample opportunity for conceptualisation and creation. Have yourself a balmy lunch break in your backyard and get those colourful green fingers in bloom! Experience the delicious rewards of homegrown goodness by starting your own veggie garden or edible pot.

e loaded Fresh greens ar nts for the ie tr with essential nu enjoy (and of whole family to . Reconnect course, admire) ure, inspire with Mother Nat d bask in your children, an very own the pride of your how to star t harvest. Here’s jour ney your own edible today.

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DIY gardening Start small For your first growing quest, we recommend starting small. Think about whether you would like to use containers, plant straight into the ground, or if you would like to make raised beds. Consider your space and available time to guide your decision-making. Sowing a couple of seeds in an empty space in your flower bed is as good a beginning as any. Remember that your veggies will increase in size and need space to grow and climb. Top tip: Be careful not to overpopulate your space. Sowing seeds too close together may eventually stunt their growth as plants may shade one another. Planting too many greens in a single container may also affect your harvest as plants may compete for root space and nutrients. Refer to your seed packet or garden centre assistant for guidelines and advice.

Location is critical With the idea of starting small in mind, where you choose to grow is an equally important factor to consider. Veggies love the sun and will flourish in open areas that receive as much sunlight as possible, with no big trees throwing shade on your new babies. Examine your space and take note of the sun’s movement, surrounding foliage, and expansion space needed as your greens grow. Top tip: Location is also important in terms of watering. Make sure your veggies are in reach of the hosepipe or irrigation system, and remain uncovered to receive as much rainfall as possible. If you’re growing on the sunny stoep, make sure containers have good drainage and don’t forget to place trays underneath them to prevent water leaking out.

Soil searching Compost maketh the crop! Visit your local garden centre for a variety of nutritious and organic compost, potting soil, and fertilisers to ensure you give your new veggies the best possible start in life. More good stuff in the soil means better resilience to pests, faster growth, bigger yields, and more nutrients come harvest time. Keep your greens growing for gold by investing in good quality soil, for both in the ground and container gardening. Top tip: Save money in the long run while ensuring a constant supply of nutrients for your veggie patch by starting a compost corner in the garden. Collect all your organic waste in a bucket and once it’s full, transfer it to your compost heap. Always cover fresh additions with plenty of dried grass and leaves to retain the heat and moisture needed for decomposition.

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DIY gardening Greens to fit strapped means Unlike edibles, money somehow doesn’t grow on trees – and the seeds for R200 notes have not been hybridised yet! If you’re strapped for cash, don’t let that stop you from growing your own food. Old tyres, bricks and large stones can all be used as containers or borders for an edible garden. The fruit and vegetables you buy from the store also contain seeds, and most can be sown! That means free seeds and DIY containers, what about soil? Begin your compost corner as soon as possible and research homemade fertiliser recipes – you’ll be pleasantly surprised about how much you can accomplish with what you already have.

Seasonal veg are your best friends Seasonal vegetables (meaning the ones to plant for that season) are your best bets for success as these greens are naturally adapted to the climate of the given time. Always consult a growing chart, which you can access online, and make sure the veggies you’re considering are for your specific province. Also, consider how the plant grows – some grow like ground covers (pumpkin) and need plenty of space, while others like to climb (beans) requiring support structures. Top tip: Garden centres are fully stocked with seed packets and seedlings for herbs, fruit, and vegetables. Enjoy a day trip out with the family and find your perfect edible with the help of friendly garden centre staff.

Companion planting Companion planting means growing certain plants close together for their mutually beneficial effects, such as pest protection or growth enhancement. Get your harvest flourishing gogo-free and eco-friendly by sporadically planting the following in and around the veggie patch or pot: mint, garlic, chives, geraniums, fennel, lavender, basil, citronella grass, rosemary, and chrysanthemum. These plants repel a variety of insects owing to their essential oil compounds and deterring scent.

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Essential pollinators

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SCHOOL COMPETITION SCHOOL COMPETITION MPACT RECYCLING MPACT RECYCLING MPACT RECYCLING MPACT RECYCLING RONNIE RECYCLER MPACT RECYCLING MPACT RECYCLING RONNIE RECYCLER RONNIE RECYCLER RONNIE RECYCLER SCHOOL COMPETITION RONNIE RECYCLER RONNIE RECYCLER SCHOOL COMPETITION SCHOOL COMPETITION

2021 2021 SCHOOL COMPETITION SCHOOL COMPETITION

2021 2021 2021 2021 R110 000* R110 000*2021

SCHOOL COMPETITION COMPETITION SCHOOL Collect a minimum Collect a minimum of 4 tonnes to of 4 for tonnes to qualify the prizes Collect minimum qualifya for the prizes

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R110 000* R110 000* R110 000* R110 000* qualify for the prizes as stated in the terms and conditions. Schools must have collected and supplied Mpact Recycling with a minimum of R110 000* BROWN CORRUGATED CARDBOARD BOXES qualify for the prizes as stated in the terms and conditions. R110 000* SchoolsSchools must st have collected and supplied Mpact Recycling with a minimum of 5 TONNES of as stated in the terms and conditions. th must have collected and supplied Mpact Recycling with a minimum of 4 TONNES of MIXED PAPER, WHITE OFFICE PAPER and 1 must March 2020 30Mpact November stated and inuntil the terms and conditions. Schools haveas collected supplied Recycling with 2020. a minimum of March 2020 2021 until until 30 15 November December 2020. 2021. 11 March 1 March 2021 until 15 December 2021.

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recycling

Recycling –

looking for new schools to work with Mpact Recycling Schools Competition 2021 is going strong amidst Covid-19 – and are now looking for new schools and communities to make a difference with!

Your role as a consumer in the circular economy*

hese are unprecedented times we are living in and it’s hard to feel optimistic about much these days. However, there is one thing you can do as a teacher, parent or ambassador – and that is recycling. Mpact Recycling is constantly looking for new schools and communities to join the Ronnie Recycler programme and ultimately become drop-off sites for surrounding communities. Not only will you be doing your bit to help the environment by ensuring recyclables don’t go to landfill – but your child’s school and community can raise funds from recycling.

Recycling happens every day without one really noticing it

The box that arrives at your house with your goodies you’ve ordered online, or the toilet paper that you buy off the shelves, to the box of medicine you get at the pharmacy when you’ve been sick; to the plastic bottle you are drinking your water out of, all the way to the glass bottle your wine comes packaged in. All these items are made in SA from recycled materials, and as consumers of these forms of packaging it is also our responsibility to ensure they get back into the recycling stream.

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recycling

School recycling programme is simple

According to Mpact Recycling, starting a school recycling programme need not be an overwhelming task. “Paper can be recycled and includes cardboard boxes, white paper, newspapers, toilet roll cores, cartons, etc.,” says Donna Noble, Communications Manager for the recycling business which includes Mpact Recycling and Remade Recycling. “Further to this, we’ve just started to introduce other grades like plastic PET bottles and 2-litre milk bottles into the programme. As we progress, we’ll add more grades that are recycled right here in SA.”

Appoint a ‘green ambassador’ at your school

Noble says the first very important step is to appoint a ‘green ambassador’ – either a teacher or a student who will be in charge of the school’s recycling initiative. “This has proven to be a successful tool among the many schools we collect from. Involving the children as much as possible teaches them from an early age about taking care of their environment,” says Noble. “Schools can use a number of initiatives to motivate learners, parents, teachers and communities to collect recyclables every week. They could also celebrate National Recycling Day, which takes place every September,” she adds. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

R110 000 up for grabs!

To encourage recycling and awareness among schools, Mpact’s Schools Competition will see schools winning prizes nationwide to the value of R110 000 (terms and conditions apply). “By addressing recycling at school-level and teaching children from a young age that they can make a difference to their environment, we are shaping an important culture of recycling in this country and preserving our resources for future generations,” concludes Noble.  More information on Mpact Recycling’s Ronnie Recycler programme can be found at www.mpactrecycling.co.za, or on Facebook or Twitter: @MpactRecycling

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recipes

BBQ Pork Chops

& German Potato Salad

SERVES 6 PORTIONS

TIME: 90 MINUTES

BBQ pork chops Ingredients

• 6 thick cut pork loin chops • 2 tablespoons Funky Ouma Olive Oil • 4 knobs of butter • 2 cloves garlic, lightly crushed • 1 generous picking of thyme • Funky Ouma Braai Salt

Method

1. Pre-heat a large skillet/cast iron pan to high heat. 2. Meanwhile, make sure your pork cutlets are nicely trimmed of all the fat, your butcher will do this for you to save you time, just ask. 3. Drizzle your cutlets with Funky Ouma olive oil on both sides, then generously season them with Funky Ouma Braai Salt. Make sure the cutlets are room temperature 4. By now your pan should be smoking hot. Place the cutlets down, fat side to render off the fat for a minute, it should be a golden colour and crispy. 5. Then place your cutlets down and cook for 6 minutes a side. 6. Add your knobs of butter, let it bubble and add garlic and thyme. Spoon the juices over your cutlets, giving them a beautiful golden crispiness. 7. Add more Funky Ouma Salt to your rested cutlets and serve with the German Potato Salad, lemon wedges and a sprinkle of chopped parsley.

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German Potato Salad Ingredients

• 2 kg baby po tatoes, quartere d • 6 slices lean ba ck bacon • 1 red onion, finely chopped • ¼ cup apple cider vinegar • 2 tablespoon s water • 1 tablespoon of Funky Oum a Extra Virgin O • 1 tablespoon live Oil of whole grain mustard • ½ teaspoon gr anulated sugar • Funky Ouma Salt • Ground blac k pepper • 8 green onions , sliced

Method

1. In a large pot, cover potatoes with water and generously with season salt. 2. Bring water to a boil and cook until potatoes ar with a knife, 15 e easily pierced to 20 minutes. 3. Drain and let cool slightly befo re transferring to serving bowl. a large 4. In a large skill et over medium heat, cook baco about 8 minutes n until crispy, . Reserve about 2 tablespoons of and transfer baco fat in pan, n to a paper tow el-lined plate to 5. Add red onio n and cook over drain. medium heat un soften, about 3 til starting to minutes. 6. Whisk in in ap ple cider vinega r, water, olive oi sugar. Bring mix l, mustard, and ture to a simmer , then turn off season with salt heat and and pepper. 7. Stir in green onions and grad ually pour mixtu 8. Toss to combi re over potatoes ne and serve war . m. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

recipes

BBQ Beef Rump Sosaties

SERVES 5 PREP TIME: 25 MINUTES MARINATING TIME: 3 HOURS OR OVERNIGHT COOKING TIME: 10 MINUTES TOTAL TIME: 3H35 MINUTES

Marinade ingredients

• ¼ cup Funky Ouma Olive Oil • 1 ½ tablespoons fresh lemon juice • 1 ½ tablespoon red wine vinegar • 2 ½ tablespoon Worcestershire sauce • 1 tablespoon honey • 1 tablespoon garlic, minced • 1 teaspoon Dijon mustard • 1 teaspoon Shiraz salt • freshly ground black pepper

Sosaties ingredients

• 10 large wooden skewers, soaked in water for 30 minutes to prevent them from catching alight • 800 g beef sirloin steak (look for thicker cut steaks), cut into 3cm pieces, leave the fat on • 1 large red onion, diced into chunks (about 3cm) • 1 tablespoon Funky Ouma olive oil, plus more for brushing the grill grates • Funky Ouma Salt

Method

For the marinade: Mix all the ingredients together in a bowl. For the kebabs: 1. Place steak into a resealable bag. 2. Pour marinade over steak then seal bag while pressing out excess air and massage marinade over steak. Transfer to refrigerator and allow to marinate for 3 - 6 hours. 3. Preheat a grill over medium-high heat to about 250C degrees (partway through preheating clean grill grates if they aren't already clean). 4. When you thread the onion, layer in chunks about 2 - 3 slices so they don't burn. 5. To assemble sosaties, layer steak and red onion onto skewers in the order you want, work to fit 5 to 6 steak pieces onto each kebab (we like to layer 2 onion slices together). 6. Brush grill grates lightly with oil. Place kebabs on grill and grill until centre of steak registers about 140 – 145C degrees, turning kebabs occasionally, about 8 - 9 minutes. 7. Add a generous grind of Funky Ouma Shiraz Salt and serve warm. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

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